Talyaaniga

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    <title>Talyaaniga</title>
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      <text bytes="5659" sha1="beupjjf24zoizptlwqiigvytzm3xfy7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga
| native_name = {{native name|it|Repubblica Italiana}}
| common_name = Talyaaniga
| image_flag = Flag of Italy.svg
| image_coat = Emblem of Italy.svg
| symbol_type = Astaan qaran
| image_map = EU-Italy.svg
| map_caption = Meesha Talyaanigu kaga yaal Yurub
| capital = [[Roma]]
| largest_city = [[Roma]]
| official_languages = [[Af-Taliyaani]]
| demonym = [[Talyaani]]
| government_type = [[Jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah]]
| leader_title1 = [[Madaxweynaha Talyaaniga|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1 = [[Sergio Mattarella]]
| leader_title2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaaraha Talyaaniga|Ra'iisul wasaare]]
| leader_name2 = [[Giorgia Meloni]]
| legislature = [[Baarlamaanka Talyaaniga]]
| upper_house = [[Guurtida Jamhuuriyadda]]
| lower_house = [[Golaha Wakiillada Talyaaniga|Golaha Wakiillada]]
| established_event1 = Midowgii Talyaaniga
| established_date1 = 17 Maarso 1861
| established_event2 = Jamhuuriyad
| established_date2 = 2 Juun 1946
| area_km2 = 302,073
| population_estimate = 58,934,177
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| currency = [[Yuuro]]
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| calling_code = +39
| cctld = [[.it]]
}}

'''Talyaaniga''' ({{lang-it|Italia}}), si rasmi ah '''Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga''' ({{lang-it|Repubblica Italiana}}), waa waddan ku yaalla [[Koonfurta Yurub]]. Wuxuu ku yaallaa jasiirad-gacmeedka Talyaaniga oo ku fidsan [[Badda Mediterranean-ka]], waxaana ka mid ah jasiiradaha waaweyn ee [[Sasiiliya]] iyo [[Sardiiniya]]. Caasimaddiisu waa [[Roma]], luqaddiisa rasmiga ahna waa [[Af-Taliyaani]].&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Italy – EU country profile |url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/italy_en |publisher=European Union |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Talyaanigu wuxuu xuduud la leeyahay [[Faransiiska]], [[Iswiiserland]], [[Ostariya]] iyo [[Isloveeniya]]. Gudaha dhulka Talyaaniga waxaa ku yaalla laba dawlad-magaalo oo madax bannaan: [[Faatikaan]] iyo [[Saan Mariino]]. Talyaanigu waa xubin ka tirsan [[Midowga Yurub]], [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[NATO]], [[G7]] iyo [[G20]].

== Magaca ==
Magaca Soomaaliga ee waddanku waa '''Talyaaniga'''. Dadka dalkaas u dhashay waxaa lagu magacaabaa '''Talyaani''', luqaddoodana waxaa la yiraahdaa '''Af-Taliyaani''' ama '''Af-Talyaani'''.

== Juqraafi ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay dhul kala duwan oo ka kooban buuraha [[Alps]] ee waqooyiga, buuraha [[Apennines]] oo mara bartamaha dalka, dooxada webiga [[Po]], iyo xeeb dheer oo ku teedsan Badda Mediterranean-ka. Labada jasiiradood ee ugu waaweyn waa [[Sasiiliya]] iyo [[Sardiiniya]]. Dalka waxaa sidoo kale ka mid ah jasiirado yaryar oo badan.

Cimilada Talyaanigu guud ahaan waa mid Mediterranean ah, gaar ahaan koonfurta iyo xeebaha. Waqooyiga dalka, gaar ahaan meelaha buuraha leh, cimiladu way ka qabowdahay.

== Taariikh ==
Dhulka Talyaaniga wuxuu lahaa taariikh aad u dheer. Magaalada [[Roma]] waxay ahayd xaruntii [[Boqortooyadii Roomaanka]], taas oo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay taariikhda Yurub, Waqooyiga Afrika iyo Bariga Dhexe.

Qarnigii dhexe iyo xilligii [[Renaissance]]-ka, magaalooyin Talyaani ah sida [[Firenze]], [[Venezia]], [[Milano]] iyo [[Roma]] waxay noqdeen xarumo waaweyn oo farshaxan, ganacsi, falsafad iyo aqoon. Talyaaniga casriga ah waxaa la mideeyay 1861, kadib dhaqdhaqaaqii loo yaqaanay ''Risorgimento''. Dalku wuxuu noqday jamhuuriyad 2 Juun 1946, kadib afti lagu beddelay boqortooyadii hore.

== Dowladda ==
Talyaanigu waa jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah. Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyaddu waa madaxa qaranka, halka Ra'iisul Wasaaruhu yahay madaxa xukuumadda. Baarlamaanka Talyaanigu wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba aqal: Golaha Wakiillada iyo Guurtida Jamhuuriyadda.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

Madaxweynaha hadda waa [[Sergio Mattarella]], Ra'iisul Wasaaraha haddana waa [[Giorgia Meloni]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The President Sergio Mattarella – Biography |url=https://www.quirinale.it/it/pagine/president-sergio-mattarella-biography |publisher=Presidency of the Italian Republic |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The President of the Council of Ministers |url=https://www.governo.it/en/president |publisher=Government of Italy |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Talyaanigu wuxuu ka kooban yahay 20 gobol. Shan ka mid ah gobolladaas waxay leeyihiin maamul gaar ah oo ballaaran.

== Dhaqaale ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu ka mid yahay dalalka dhaqaalaha waaweyn ku leh Yurub. Wuxuu leeyahay warshado xooggan, ganacsi caalami ah, beeraha Mediterranean-ka, dalxiis, farshaxan, dhar, baabuur, mashiinno iyo cuntooyin caan ah. Lacagta laga isticmaalo waa [[yuuro]], maadaama Talyaanigu ka tirsan yahay aagga lacagta euro-da.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

== Magaalooyin waaweyn ==
Magaalooyinka ugu muhiimsan Talyaaniga waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Roma]]
* [[Milano]]
* [[Napoli]]
* [[Torino]]
* [[Firenze]]
* [[Venezia]]
* [[Bologna]]
* [[Genova]]
* [[Palermo]]

== Dhaqan ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu caan ku yahay farshaxanka, naqshadda dhismaha, muusigga, cuntada, filimada, suugaanta iyo taariikhda. Dalka waxaa ka soo jeeda farshaxanno iyo aqoonyahanno badan oo caan ah, waxaana magaalooyinkiisa laga helaa dhismooyin iyo madxafyo taariikhi ah.

Cuntada Talyaaniga, sida baastada, biitsada, saliidda saytuunka iyo jiiska, waxay saameyn weyn ku yeelatay dhaqanka cuntada ee dunida.

== Sidoo kale fiiri ==
* [[Roma]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[Af-Taliyaani]]
* [[Sasiiliya]]
* [[Sardiiniya]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Yurub}}

[[Category:Talyaaniga]]
[[Category:Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka Midowga Yurub]]</text>
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      <text bytes="27894" sha1="5bx7nj57xht2jxznqug0ijft92w1d6t" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga
| native_name = {{native name|it|Repubblica Italiana}}
| common_name = Talyaaniga
| image_flag = Flag of Italy.svg
| image_coat = Emblem of Italy.svg
| symbol_type = Astaan qaran
| national_anthem = ''[[Il Canto degli Italiani]]''
| image_map = EU-Italy.svg
| map_caption = Meesha Talyaanigu kaga yaal Yurub
| capital = [[Roma]]
| largest_city = [[Roma]]
| official_languages = [[Af-Taliyaani]]
| demonym = [[Talyaani]]
| government_type = [[Jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah]]
| leader_title1 = [[Madaxweynaha Talyaaniga|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1 = [[Sergio Mattarella]]
| leader_title2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaaraha Talyaaniga|Ra'iisul wasaare]]
| leader_name2 = [[Giorgia Meloni]]
| legislature = [[Baarlamaanka Talyaaniga]]
| upper_house = [[Guurtida Jamhuuriyadda]]
| lower_house = [[Golaha Wakiillada Talyaaniga|Golaha Wakiillada]]
| established_event1 = Midowgii Talyaaniga
| established_date1 = 17 Maarso 1861
| established_event2 = Jamhuuriyadda
| established_date2 = 2 Juun 1946
| established_event3 = Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda
| established_date3 = 1 Janaayo 1948
| area_km2 = 302,073
| population_estimate = 58,943,000
| population_estimate_year = 2026
| currency = [[Yuuro]]
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| drives_on = midig
| calling_code = +39
| cctld = [[.it]]
}}

'''Talyaaniga''' ({{lang-it|Italia}}), si rasmi ah '''Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga''' ({{lang-it|Repubblica Italiana}}), waa waddan ku yaalla [[Koonfurta Yurub]] iyo bartamaha [[Badda Mediterranean-ka]]. Wuxuu ku yaallaa jasiirad-gacmeedka Talyaaniga, waxaana ka mid ah labada jasiiradood ee waaweyn ee [[Sasiiliya]] iyo [[Sardiiniya]], iyo jasiirado kale oo yaryar. Caasimaddiisu waa [[Roma]], luqaddiisa rasmiga ahna waa [[Af-Taliyaani]].&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Italy – EU country profile |url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/italy_en |publisher=European Union |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Talyaanigu wuxuu xuduud la leeyahay [[Faransiiska]], [[Iswiiserland]], [[Ostariya]] iyo [[Isloveeniya]]. Gudaha dhulka Talyaaniga waxaa ku yaalla laba dawlad oo madax bannaan: [[Faatikaan]] iyo [[Saan Mariino]]. Talyaanigu wuxuu kaloo leeyahay dhul yar oo go'doonsan oo ku dhex yaalla Iswiiserland, kaas oo la yiraahdo [[Campione d'Italia]].

Talyaanigu waa xubin muhiim ah oo ka tirsan [[Midowga Yurub]], [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[NATO]], [[G7]], [[G20]], [[OECD]] iyo ururo kale oo caalami ah. Dalka wuxuu ka mid yahay dhaqaalaha waaweyn ee Yurub, waxaana lagu yaqaannaa taariikh dheer, farshaxan, naqshad-dhismeed, muusig, cunto, warshado, moodo iyo magaalooyin taariikhi ah.

== Magaca ==
Magaca Soomaaliga ee waddanku waa '''Talyaaniga'''. Dadka dalkaas u dhashay waxaa lagu magacaabaa '''Talyaani''', luqaddoodana waxaa la yiraahdaa '''Af-Taliyaani''' ama '''Af-Talyaani'''. Magaca rasmiga ah ee waddanka waa '''Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga'''.

Magaca Talyaaniga wuxuu ka yimid magaca Laatiinka ah ee ''Italia''. Magacani markii hore wuxuu la xiriiray qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta jasiirad-gacmeedka, balse markii dambe wuxuu noqday magaca guud ee dhulka Talyaaniga oo dhan.

== Juqraafi ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu ku yaallaa koonfurta Yurub, wuxuuna u fidsan yahay gudaha Badda Mediterranean-ka. Qaabka dhulka Talyaaniga waxaa badanaa lagu tilmaamaa inuu u egyahay kab dheer oo badda dhex gala. Dhinaca waqooyi waxaa ka xiga buuraha [[Alps]], kuwaas oo ka sooca qaybo ka mid ah Yurubta dhexe. Bartamaha iyo koonfurta dalka waxaa mara buuraha [[Apennines]], kuwaas oo ah silsilad buuraha ah oo ku fidsan dhererka jasiirad-gacmeedka.

Dalka wuxuu leeyahay xeeb dheer oo ku teedsan badda [[Adriatic Sea|Adriatic]], [[Ionian Sea|Ionian]], [[Tyrrhenian Sea|Tyrrhenian]] iyo [[Ligurian Sea|Ligurian]]. Labada jasiiradood ee ugu waaweyn waa [[Sasiiliya]], oo ku taalla koonfurta jasiirad-gacmeedka, iyo [[Sardiiniya]], oo ku taalla galbeedka dalka.

Webiyada waaweyn ee Talyaaniga waxaa ka mid ah [[Po]], [[Tiber]], [[Arno]] iyo [[Adige]]. Webiga Po wuxuu maraa waqooyiga Talyaaniga, gaar ahaan dooxada Po, oo ah mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu wax-soo-saarka badan dalka. Webiga Tiber wuxuu maraa magaalada Roma.

Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay harooyin caan ah sida [[Lake Garda]], [[Lake Como]] iyo [[Lake Maggiore]]. Wuxuu kaloo leeyahay foolkaanno caan ah, oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Mount Etna]] oo ku yaalla Sasiiliya, [[Vesuvius]] oo u dhow Napoli, iyo [[Stromboli]] oo ka mid ah jasiiradaha Aeolian.

== Cimilada ==
Cimilada Talyaanigu aad bay u kala duwan tahay. Waqooyiga dalka, gaar ahaan meelaha buuraha Alps ku yaallaan, cimiladu waa qabow, barafna wuu da'aa xilliga jiilaalka. Dooxada Po waxay leedahay xagaa kulul iyo jiilaal qabow oo mararka qaar ceeryaamo leh.

Bartamaha iyo koonfurta Talyaaniga waxay leeyihiin cimilada Mediterranean-ka: xagaa kulul oo qalalan iyo jiilaal dhexdhexaad ah oo roob leh. Xeebaha koonfureed, Sasiiliya iyo Sardiiniya waxay leeyihiin cimilada ugu diirran dalka.

== Deegaanka iyo dabiicadda ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay deegaan aad u kala duwan: buuro, dooxooyin, kaymo, dhul beereedyo, xeeb, jasiirado iyo foolkaanno. Kala duwanaanshaha dhulka iyo cimiladu waxay dalka siisay noocyo badan oo dhir iyo xayawaan ah.

Meelaha dabiiciga ah ee muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah [[Dolomites]], [[Gran Paradiso National Park]], [[Cinque Terre]], [[Amalfi Coast]], [[Mount Etna]] iyo qaybo badan oo ka mid ah Alps iyo Apennines. Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay jardiinooyin qaran iyo aagag la ilaaliyo oo badan, kuwaas oo loogu talagalay ilaalinta deegaanka, dalxiiska iyo hidaha dabiiciga ah.

== Taariikh ==
=== Xilligii hore ===
Dhulka maanta loo yaqaan Talyaaniga wuxuu lahaa taariikh aad u dheer ka hor intaanay Roomaanku xoog yeelan. Waxaa ku noolaa dadyow kala duwan sida Etruscans, Greeks, Latins, Samnites iyo dadyow kale oo Talyaani hore ah. Giriiggii hore waxay magaalooyin ka dhisteen koonfurta Talyaaniga iyo Sasiiliya, waxaana gobolkaas loo yiqiin ''Magna Graecia'', ama “Giriigga Weyn”.

Etruscans waxay ahaayeen ilbaxnimo xoog leh oo ku fadhiday bartamaha Talyaaniga, gaar ahaan dhulka maanta loo yaqaan Tuscany. Waxay saameyn ku yeesheen horumarkii hore ee Roma, gaar ahaan dhinacyada maamulka, diinta, dhismaha iyo dhaqanka.

=== Rooma hore ===
Magaalada [[Roma]] waxaa la aasaasay xilligii hore, waxayna markii dambe noqotay xarun siyaasadeed iyo militari oo aad u xoog badan. Roomaanku waxay markii hore ahaayeen boqortooyo yar, kadibna waxay noqdeen jamhuuriyad, ugu dambayntiina imbaraadooriyad weyn.

[[Jamhuuriyaddii Roomaanka]] waxay qabsatay dhul badan oo ku yaalla Mediterranean-ka. Kadib dagaallo badan oo gudaha iyo dibadda ah, waxaa soo baxay [[Boqortooyadii Roomaanka]], oo muddo qarniyo ah xukuntay qaybo waaweyn oo Yurub, Waqooyiga Afrika iyo Bariga Dhexe ah.

Roomaanku waxay saameyn weyn ku yeesheen sharciga, luqadda, dhismaha, ciidanka, maamulka, waddooyinka, magaalada iyo fikirka siyaasadeed ee Yurub. Af-Laatiinku wuxuu noqday luqad muhiim ah, waxaana ka farcamay luqado badan oo maanta loo yaqaan luqadaha Romance, sida Af-Taliyaani, Af-Faransiis, Af-Isbaanish, Af-Bortuqiis iyo Af-Romaaniyaan.

=== Talyaaniga qarniyadii dhexe ===
Kadib burburkii Boqortooyada Roomaanka ee Galbeed sanadkii 476, Talyaanigu wuxuu galay xilli siyaasadeed oo kala qaybsan. Qaybo kala duwan waxaa qabsaday Ostrogoths, Byzantines, Lombards, Franks iyo xoogag kale.

Qarniyadii dhexe, Talyaanigu ma ahayn dawlad mideysan. Waxaa jiray magaalo-dawlado iyo boqortooyooyin kala duwan sida Venice, Florence, Milan, Genoa, Papal States, Naples iyo Sicily. Kala qaybsanaantan siyaasadeed waxay mararka qaar keentay dagaallo, laakiin waxay sidoo kale dhalisay tartan ganacsi, farshaxan iyo aqoon oo aad u xoog badan.

=== Renaissance ===
Talyaanigu wuxuu ahaa xaruntii ugu muhiimsanayd ee [[Renaissance]]-ka Yurub. Xilligan, oo bilowday qarnigii 14aad kuna xoogaystay qarnigii 15aad iyo 16aad, waxaa dib loo xiiseeyay farshaxanka, suugaanta, falsafadda, sayniska iyo dhaxalkii Giriigga iyo Roomaanka.

Magaalooyin sida [[Firenze]], [[Roma]], [[Venezia]], [[Milano]] iyo [[Napoli]] waxay noqdeen xarumo waaweyn oo farshaxan iyo aqoon ah. Talyaaniga waxaa ka soo baxay dad caan ah sida [[Leonardo da Vinci]], [[Michelangelo]], [[Raphael]], [[Dante Alighieri]], [[Petrarch]], [[Galileo Galilei]], [[Niccolò Machiavelli]] iyo kuwo kale.

=== Xilliga casriga hore ===
Qarnigii 16aad iyo 17aad, Talyaanigu wuxuu noqday goob ay ku loollamaan quwado waaweyn oo Yurub ah, sida Spain, France iyo Austria. Qaybo badan oo dalka ah waxaa muddo dheer saameyn ku lahaa ama xukumayay boqortooyooyin shisheeye. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, magaalooyinka Talyaanigu waxay sii ahaayeen xarumo muhiim u ah farshaxanka, kaniisadda, ganacsiga iyo dhaqanka.

=== Midowgii Talyaaniga ===
Talyaaniga casriga ah waxaa la mideeyay qarnigii 19aad. Dhaqdhaqaaqa midowga waxaa loo yaqaan ''Risorgimento''. Dad muhiim ah sida [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]], [[Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour]], [[Giuseppe Mazzini]] iyo Boqor [[Victor Emmanuel II]] ayaa door weyn ka qaatay midowga dalka.

17 Maarso 1861 waxaa lagu dhawaaqay Boqortooyada Talyaaniga. Roma waxay noqotay caasimadda dalka 1871 kadib markii la qabsaday dhulkii Papal States. Midowgii Talyaaniga wuxuu isku keenay gobollo iyo boqortooyooyin kala duwanaa, balse farqiga u dhexeeya waqooyiga iyo koonfurta dalka ayaa sii ahaaday arrin muhiim ah.

=== Boqortooyada Talyaaniga iyo gumeysiga ===
Kadib midowgii, Talyaanigu wuxuu noqday boqortooyo dastuuri ah. Wuxuu isku dayay inuu noqdo quwad Yurub ah, wuxuuna galay tartankii gumeysiga ee qarnigii 19aad iyo bilowgii qarnigii 20aad. Talyaanigu wuxuu gumeysi ku yeeshay qaybo ka mid ah Afrika, oo ay ka mid ahaayeen [[Eritrea]], [[Soomaaliya]] iyo [[Liibiya]]. Wuxuu sidoo kale isku dayay inuu qabsado Itoobiya, balse waxaa looga adkaaday dagaalkii Adwa 1896.

Xilligii gumeysiga Talyaaniga wuxuu saameyn weyn ku yeeshay taariikhda Soomaaliya, Eritrea, Liibiya iyo Itoobiya. Soomaaliya gudaheeda, Talyaanigu wuxuu muddo dheer xukumayay qaybtii loo yaqaanay Soomaaliya Talyaani.

=== Fashiistaha iyo Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ===
1922, [[Benito Mussolini]] iyo xisbiga Fashiistaha ayaa xukunka la wareegay. Mussolini wuxuu dhisay nidaam kaligii-talis ah, wuxuuna meesha ka saaray xorriyado badan oo siyaasadeed. Talyaanigu wuxuu qabsaday Itoobiya 1935–1936, wuxuuna la saftay Jarmalkii Nazi-ga intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]].

Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka wuxuu Talyaaniga u keenay burbur weyn. 1943, Mussolini waa la riday, Talyaaniguna wuxuu u kala qaybsamay qaybo ay kala saameeyeen xulafadii iyo Jarmalkii Nazi-ga. Dagaalka kadib, Talyaanigu wuxuu galay xilli dib-u-dhis siyaasadeed iyo dhaqaale.

=== Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga ===
2 Juun 1946, shacabka Talyaaniga ayaa afti ku doortay in dalka laga dhigo jamhuuriyad halkii uu ka ahaan lahaa boqortooyo. Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga wuxuu dhaqan galay 1 Janaayo 1948. Dastuurku wuxuu qeexayaa Talyaaniga inuu yahay jamhuuriyad dimuqraadi ah oo ku dhisan shaqada, isla markaana madaxbannaanidu ay leedahay shacabka.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Constitution of the Italian Republic |url=https://www.senato.it/documenti/repository/istituzione/costituzione_inglese.pdf |publisher=Senato della Repubblica |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kadib dagaalka, Talyaanigu wuxuu helay koboc dhaqaale oo weyn, gaar ahaan 1950-meeyadii iyo 1960-meeyadii. Xilligan waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan ''mucjisadii dhaqaale ee Talyaaniga''. Dalka wuxuu ka mid noqday dalalka aasaasay hay'adihii horseeday Midowga Yurub, wuxuuna ka mid noqday NATO.

== Dowladda iyo siyaasadda ==
Talyaanigu waa jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah. Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda waa madaxa qaranka, wuxuuna leeyahay door dastuuriyan muhiim ah, gaar ahaan magacaabista Ra'iisul Wasaaraha, ilaalinta dastuurka iyo matalaadda midnimada qaranka. Ra'iisul Wasaaruhu waa madaxa xukuumadda, wuxuuna hoggaamiyaa Golaha Wasiirrada.

Baarlamaanka Talyaanigu wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba aqal: [[Golaha Wakiillada Talyaaniga|Golaha Wakiillada]] iyo [[Guurtida Jamhuuriyadda]]. Labada aqalba waxay leeyihiin awood sharci-dejin oo xooggan, nidaamkaasna waxaa loo yaqaan baarlamaan laba-aqal ah oo siman.

Madaxweynaha hadda waa [[Sergio Mattarella]], oo xilka haya tan iyo 2015. Ra'iisul Wasaaraha hadda waa [[Giorgia Meloni]], oo xilka qabatay 2022.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mattarella&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The President Sergio Mattarella – Biography |url=https://www.quirinale.it/it/pagine/president-sergio-mattarella-biography |publisher=Presidency of the Italian Republic |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Meloni&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Giorgia Meloni |url=https://www.governo.it/en/governo/meloni/president-council-ministers/giorgia-meloni |publisher=Government of Italy |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dastuurka ==
Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Talyaaniga wuxuu ka mid yahay dukumentiyada siyaasadeed ee ugu muhiimsan dalka. Waxaa la ansixiyay 1947, wuxuuna dhaqan galay 1 Janaayo 1948. Qodobka koowaad wuxuu leeyahay: “Talyaanigu waa Jamhuuriyad dimuqraadi ah oo ku dhisan shaqada.”&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot; /&gt;

Dastuurku wuxuu dhigaa xuquuqaha muwaadiniinta, kala qaybinta awoodaha, habka baarlamaanka, doorka Madaxweynaha, madaxbannaanida garsoorka iyo ilaalinta xuquuqaha aasaasiga ah. Wuxuu sidoo kale xusayaa ilaalinta dadka laga tirada badan yahay ee luqadeed.

== Maamulka iyo gobollada ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu ka kooban yahay 20 gobol. Shan ka mid ah gobolladaas waxay leeyihiin maamul gaar ah oo ballaaran, waxaana loo yaqaan gobollada leh ''statuto speciale'', ama maqaam gaar ah. Gobolladaas waa Sasiiliya, Sardiiniya, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Valle d'Aosta iyo Friuli-Venezia Giulia.&lt;ref name=&quot;CoR&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Italy – Division of Powers |url=https://portal.cor.europa.eu/divisionpowers/Pages/Italy-Introduction.aspx |publisher=European Committee of the Regions |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gobollada Talyaaniga waa:

* [[Abruzzo]]
* [[Aosta Valley|Valle d'Aosta]]
* [[Apulia|Puglia]]
* [[Basilicata]]
* [[Calabria]]
* [[Campania]]
* [[Emilia-Romagna]]
* [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]]
* [[Lazio]]
* [[Liguria]]
* [[Lombardy|Lombardia]]
* [[Marche]]
* [[Molise]]
* [[Piedmont|Piemonte]]
* [[Sardinia|Sardiiniya]]
* [[Sicily|Sasiiliya]]
* [[Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol]]
* [[Tuscany|Toscana]]
* [[Umbria]]
* [[Veneto]]

Gobollada waxaa loo sii qaybiyaa magaalooyin waaweyn, gobollo hoose, degmooyin iyo maamulo maxalli ah. Nidaamka maamulka Talyaanigu wuxuu isku daraa dawlad dhexe oo xoog leh iyo gobollo leh awood maamul oo muhiim ah.

== Xiriirka dibadda ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu door weyn ku leeyahay siyaasadda Yurub iyo tan caalamka. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa dalalkii aasaasay Bulshada Dhaqaalaha Yurub, oo markii dambe noqotay Midowga Yurub. Wuxuu sidoo kale ka mid yahay NATO, G7, G20, OECD, WTO iyo Qaramada Midoobay.

Talyaanigu wuxuu xiriir gaar ah la leeyahay dalalka Mediterranean-ka, Balkans, Waqooyiga Afrika iyo Bariga Dhexe. Juqraafiyaddiisa Mediterranean-ka awgeed, arrimaha socdaalka, tamarta, ganacsiga badda iyo ammaanka gobolka ayaa muhiim u ah siyaasaddiisa dibadda.

== Ciidanka ==
Ciidamada Talyaaniga waxay ka kooban yihiin ciidanka dhulka, ciidanka badda, ciidanka cirka iyo Carabinieri. Carabinieri waa ciidan boolis-militari ah oo leh door amni gudaha iyo mid militari labadaba. Talyaanigu wuxuu ka qaybqaataa hawlgallo caalami ah oo ay wadaan Qaramada Midoobay, NATO iyo Midowga Yurub.

== Dhaqaale ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu ka mid yahay dhaqaalaha ugu waaweyn Yurub iyo dunida. Dhaqaalihiisa waxaa muhiim u ah warshadaha, adeegyada, dalxiiska, beeraha, moodada, baabuurta, mashiinnada, cuntada, daawooyinka, naqshadeynta iyo ganacsiga caalamiga ah.

Waqooyiga Talyaaniga, gaar ahaan Lombardia, Veneto, Piemonte iyo Emilia-Romagna, waa xarumo warshadeed iyo dhaqaale oo xoog leh. Milano waa xarun maaliyadeed, moodo iyo ganacsi. Torino waxay muddo dheer xiriir la lahayd warshadaha baabuurta. Emilia-Romagna waxay caan ku tahay warshadaha cuntada, mashiinnada iyo baabuurta raaxada.

Koonfurta Talyaaniga, oo badanaa loo yaqaan ''Mezzogiorno'', wuxuu leeyahay taariikh dhaqaale oo ka duwan waqooyiga. Inkastoo koonfurtu leedahay dhul beereed, xeeb, dalxiis iyo hiddo qani ah, haddana farqiga dhaqaale ee u dhexeeya waqooyi iyo koonfur wuxuu ahaa arrin muddo dheer jirta.

Hay'adda IMF waxay Talyaaniga ku tilmaantaa dhaqaale horumarsan, balse waxay sidoo kale xustaa baahida loo qabo wax-soo-saar sare iyo shaqo ka qaybgal badan.&lt;ref name=&quot;IMF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Italy and the IMF |url=https://www.imf.org/en/countries/ita |publisher=International Monetary Fund |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Warshadaha ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu caan ku yahay warshadaha tayada sare leh. Waxyaabaha laga sameeyo Talyaaniga, oo loo yaqaan ''Made in Italy'', waxay astaan u yihiin naqshad, tayo iyo farsamo. Warshadaha muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah:

* baabuurta iyo mootooyinka
* moodada iyo dharka
* kabaha iyo agabka haragga
* qalabka guryaha
* mashiinnada warshadaha
* cuntada iyo cabbitaanka
* daawooyinka
* maraakiibta
* qalabka korontada
* naqshadeynta iyo farshaxanka ganacsiga

Shirkado Talyaani ah ayaa caan ka ah suuqyada caalamka, gaar ahaan baabuurta, moodada, cuntada iyo naqshadeynta.

== Beeraha iyo cuntada ==
Beeraha Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay door dhaqaale iyo dhaqan labadaba. Dalka waxaa laga soo saaraa khamri, saliid saytuun, qamadi, bariis, yaanyo, canab, liin, tufaax, farmaajo iyo noocyo badan oo khudaar iyo miro ah. Waqooyiga waxaa caan ka ah bariiska iyo caanaha, halka koonfurta iyo jasiiradaha ay caan ku yihiin saytuunka, khudradda Mediterranean-ka iyo kalluunka.

Cuntada Talyaaniga waxay ka mid tahay kuwa ugu caansan dunida. Baastada, biitsada, risotto, mozzarella, parmesan, gelato, espresso, tiramisu iyo saliidda saytuunka ayaa ka mid ah waxyaabaha sida weyn loola xiriiriyo Talyaaniga. Cuntadu waxay ku kala duwan tahay gobol ilaa gobol, waxaana gobol kasta leeyahay hab-karis, farmaajo, suugo iyo cuntooyin gaar ah.

== Dalxiis ==
Dalxiisku wuxuu ka mid yahay qaybaha ugu muhiimsan dhaqaalaha Talyaaniga. Dalka waxaa laga helaa magaalooyin taariikhi ah, matxafyo, kaniisado, qalcado, xeebaha Mediterranean-ka, buuraha Alps, harooyin, foolkaanno iyo goobaha Roomaanka qadiimiga ah.

Meelaha dalxiiska ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Roma]] iyo [[Colosseum]]
* [[Vatican City|Faatikaan]]
* [[Firenze]]
* [[Venezia]]
* [[Milano]]
* [[Napoli]]
* [[Pompeii]]
* [[Pisa]]
* [[Verona]]
* [[Cinque Terre]]
* [[Amalfi Coast]]
* [[Sasiiliya]]
* [[Sardiiniya]]
* [[Lake Como]]
* [[Dolomites]]

Hay'adda dalxiiska Talyaaniga ee ENIT waxay xustay in Talyaanigu weli ka mid yahay meelaha ugu waaweyn ee dalxiisayaasha caalamku doortaan, gaar ahaan xilliyada xagaaga.&lt;ref name=&quot;ENIT&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Italy is among the most popular destinations for summer 2025 |url=https://www.enit.it/en/italy--is-among--the-most-popular--destinations-for-summer-2025 |publisher=ENIT |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dadka ==
ISTAT waxay qiyaastay in dadka deggan Talyaaniga ay ahaayeen 58.943 milyan 1 Janaayo 2026, iyadoo xogtaas lagu sheegay mid hordhac ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;ISTAT2025&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Demographic Indicators – Year 2025 |url=https://www.istat.it/en/press-release/demographic-indicators-year-2025/ |publisher=ISTAT |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Talyaanigu wuxuu ka mid yahay dalalka Yurub ee dadka da'da ah ay ku badan yihiin. Heerka dhalmada ayaa hooseeya, cimriga dadkuna wuu sarreeyaa. Arrintani waxay keentay dood siyaasadeed iyo dhaqaale oo ku saabsan mustaqbalka shaqaalaha, hawlgabka, daryeelka caafimaadka iyo socdaalka.

Magaalooyinka waaweyn iyo agagaarkooda ayaa ah meelaha ugu dadka badan. Roma, Milano, Napoli, Torino, Palermo, Genova, Bologna, Firenze, Bari iyo Catania waxay ka mid yihiin xarumaha dadka iyo dhaqaalaha.

== Luqadaha ==
Luqadda rasmiga ah ee dalka waa [[Af-Taliyaani]]. Af-Taliyaanigu wuxuu ka mid yahay luqadaha Romance, wuxuuna ka farcamay Laatiinka. Inkastoo Af-Taliyaanigu yahay luqadda guud ee qaranka, haddana Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay kala duwanaansho luqadeed oo weyn.

Dastuurka Talyaanigu wuxuu xusayaa in Jamhuuriyaddu ilaaliso dadka laga tirada badan yahay ee luqadeed.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot; /&gt; Waxaa jira luqado iyo lahjado goboleed badan, sida Sicilian, Neapolitan, Venetian, Sardinian, Friulian, Piedmontese, Lombard iyo kuwo kale. Luqado laga tirada badan yahay oo sharci ahaan la ilaaliyo waxaa ka mid ah German, French, Slovenian, Ladin, Sardinian, Friulian, Occitan, Catalan, Greek, Albanian iyo Croatian.

Gobollada qaarkood waxaa ka jira laba-luqadle rasmi ah. Tusaale ahaan, German waxaa si weyn looga isticmaalaa South Tyrol, French-na Valle d'Aosta, halka Slovenian laga isticmaalo qaybo ka mid ah Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

== Diinta ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu taariikh ahaan si dhow ula xiriiray [[Kaniisadda Kaatooliga]]. Magaalada [[Roma]] waxaa ku dhex yaal [[Faatikaan]], oo ah xarunta Kaniisadda Kaatooliga iyo fadhiga Baadariga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Talyaanigu waa dawlad jamhuuriyadeed oo leh nidaam sharci oo casri ah, xorriyadda diintuna waa xuquuq dastuuriyan la ilaaliyo.

Dad badan oo Talyaani ah waxay dhaqan ahaan la xiriiraan Kaatooligga, laakiin waxaa sidoo kale jira dad aan diin lahayn, Muslimiin, Protestant-yo, Orthodox, Yuhuud, Budhiistayaal iyo kooxo diimeed kale.

== Waxbarasho iyo cilmi ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay taariikh dheer oo waxbarasho iyo cilmi ah. Jaamacadda Bologna, oo la aasaasay qarnigii 11aad, waxaa badanaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah jaamacadaha ugu da'da weyn Yurub. Jaamacado kale oo muhiim ah waxaa ka mid ah kuwa Roma, Padua, Naples, Pisa, Florence, Milan iyo Turin.

Talyaaniga waxaa ka soo baxay saynisyahanno iyo aqoonyahanno caan ah sida Galileo Galilei, Alessandro Volta, Enrico Fermi, Guglielmo Marconi iyo Rita Levi-Montalcini. Dalka wuxuu door muhiim ah ku lahaa xisaabta, cilmiga fiisigiska, caafimaadka, injineernimada, farshaxanka iyo falsafadda.

== Dhaqan ==
Dhaqanka Talyaanigu wuxuu saameyn weyn ku yeeshay Yurub iyo dunida. Dalka waxaa lagu yaqaannaa farshaxanka, suugaanta, muusigga, opera, naqshadda dhismaha, moodada, filimada iyo cuntada.

Talyaanigu wuxuu leeyahay dhaxal qadiimi ah oo ka yimid Rooma hore, dhaxal Kiristaan ah oo ka yimid qarniyadii dhexe, iyo dhaxal Renaissance ah oo aad u qani ah. Magaalooyin badan oo Talyaani ah waxay leeyihiin xarumo taariikhi ah, kaniisado, qalcado, fagaarayaal iyo matxafyo caan ah.

== Farshaxan iyo naqshad-dhismeed ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu ahaa xarun weyn oo farshaxan iyo naqshad-dhismeed. Xilligii Renaissance-ka, farshaxanno sida Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Botticelli iyo Titian waxay sameeyeen shaqooyin saameyn weyn ku yeeshay farshaxanka dunida.

Naqshad-dhismeedka Talyaaniga waxaa ka mid ah dhismayaal Roomaan ah sida Colosseum iyo Pantheon, kaniisado dhexe, dhismayaal Renaissance ah, qasriyo Baroque ah iyo dhismooyin casri ah. Magaalada Roma, Firenze, Venezia, Pisa, Siena, Ravenna, Verona iyo Naples waxay leeyihiin dhaxal naqshad-dhismeed oo aad u weyn.

== Suugaan ==
Suugaanta Talyaanigu waxay leedahay taariikh dheer. [[Dante Alighieri]], oo qoray ''Divina Commedia'', waxaa lagu tiriyaa mid ka mid ah qorayaasha ugu waaweyn Yurub. Qorayaal kale oo muhiim ah waxaa ka mid ah Petrarch, Boccaccio, Machiavelli, Ariosto, Leopardi, Manzoni, Pirandello, Italo Svevo, Italo Calvino iyo Umberto Eco.

Af-Taliyaaniga suugaaneed wuxuu si xoog leh uga soo baxay lahjadda Tuscany, gaar ahaan qoraallada Dante, Petrarch iyo Boccaccio.

== Muusig ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu door weyn ku lahaa taariikhda muusigga Yurub. Opera-da Talyaanigu waxay noqotay nooc muusig oo caalami ah. Hal-abuurayaal sida Monteverdi, Vivaldi, Rossini, Donizetti, Bellini, Verdi iyo Puccini ayaa ka mid ah magacyada ugu waaweyn muusigga Talyaaniga.

Qalabka muusigga sida violin-ka iyo piano-ga waxay xiriir weyn la leeyihiin horumarka muusigga Talyaaniga. Magaalooyin sida Milan, Venice, Naples iyo Parma waxay leeyihiin taariikh muusig oo xooggan.

== Filim ==
Filimada Talyaaniga waxay lahaayeen saameyn caalami ah, gaar ahaan xilligii ''Neorealism'' kadib Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka. Agaasimeyaal sida Roberto Rossellini, Vittorio De Sica, Federico Fellini, Michelangelo Antonioni, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Sergio Leone iyo Bernardo Bertolucci ayaa caan ka noqday dunida.

Filimada Talyaanigu waxay caan ku yihiin isku darka sheeko qoto dheer, aragti bulsho, muuqaal farshaxan iyo tijaabooyin qaab-dhismeed.

== Moodo iyo naqshad ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu ka mid yahay xarumaha ugu waaweyn ee moodada iyo naqshadeynta caalamka. [[Milano]] waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah caasimadaha moodada dunida. Shirkado iyo naqshadeeyayaal Talyaani ah ayaa caan ka ah dharka, kabaha, bacaha, alaabta guryaha, baabuurta iyo naqshadda warshadaha.

Naqshadda Talyaaniga waxaa lagu yaqaannaa isku darka qurux, shaqayn iyo farsamo heer sare ah.

== Hidaha UNESCO ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu ka mid yahay dalalka ugu hodansan dhaxalka taariikhi ah iyo midka dabiiciga ah ee dunida. UNESCO waxay liiska dhaxalka adduunka ku dartay goobo badan oo Talyaani ah, sida xarunta taariikhiga ah ee Roma, Firenze, Venezia, Pompeii, Cinque Terre, Dolomites, Mount Etna iyo goobo kale.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Italy – UNESCO World Heritage Convention |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/it |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dhaxalkaas wuxuu muujinayaa kaalinta Talyaanigu ka qaatay ilbaxnimada Roomaanka, Kiristaanka, Renaissance-ka, farshaxanka, naqshad-dhismeedka, beeraha dhaqameed iyo deegaanka dabiiciga ah.

== Ciyaaraha ==
Kubadda cagta waa ciyaarta ugu caansan Talyaaniga. Xulka qaranka Talyaaniga wuxuu ku guuleystay Koobka Adduunka ee FIFA afar jeer: 1934, 1938, 1982 iyo 2006. Horyaalka Serie A wuxuu ka mid yahay horyaallada kubbadda cagta ee ugu caansan Yurub.

Ciyaaraha kale ee Talyaaniga laga jecel yahay waxaa ka mid ah baaskiil wadidda, kubbadda koleyga, volleyball, tennis, Formula One, mootooyinka, dabaasha iyo ciyaaraha jiilaalka. Tartanka baaskiilka ee Giro d'Italia wuxuu ka mid yahay tartamada ugu waaweyn adduunka.

Talyaanigu wuxuu martigeliyay ciyaaro caalami ah oo badan, wuxuuna ka mid yahay dalalka muhiimka ah ee ciyaaraha Yurub.

== Magaalooyin waaweyn ==
Magaalooyinka ugu muhiimsan Talyaaniga waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Roma]] – caasimadda dalka, xarun taariikhi ah iyo siyaasadeed
* [[Milano]] – xarun dhaqaale, moodo iyo ganacsi
* [[Napoli]] – magaalo weyn oo ku taalla koonfurta, una dhow Pompeii iyo Vesuvius
* [[Torino]] – xarun warshadeed iyo taariikh boqortooyo
* [[Palermo]] – magaalada ugu weyn Sasiiliya
* [[Genova]] – deked muhiim ah oo ku taalla waqooyi-galbeed
* [[Bologna]] – xarun jaamacadeed, cunto iyo warshado
* [[Firenze]] – xarun Renaissance iyo farshaxan
* [[Venezia]] – magaalo biyo-mareenno iyo dhaxal taariikhi ah
* [[Bari]] – xarun muhiim ah oo ku taal koonfur-bari
* [[Catania]] – magaalo weyn oo ku taalla Sasiiliya, una dhow Mount Etna
* [[Verona]] – magaalo taariikhi ah oo ku taalla Veneto

== Xubin ka ahaansho ==
Talyaanigu wuxuu xubin ka yahay ururo badan oo caalami ah, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin:

* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[NATO]]
* [[G7]]
* [[G20]]
* [[OECD]]
* [[WTO]]
* [[IMF]]
* [[Bankiga Adduunka]]
* [[Golaha Yurub]]
* [[Schengen Area]]

== Sidoo kale fiiri ==
* [[Roma]]
* [[Af-Taliyaani]]
* [[Boqortooyadii Roomaanka]]
* [[Renaissance]]
* [[Sasiiliya]]
* [[Sardiiniya]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[Faatikaan]]
* [[Saan Mariino]]
* [[Soomaaliya Talyaani]]
* [[Benito Mussolini]]
* [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]]
* [[Leonardo da Vinci]]
* [[Dante Alighieri]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Yurub}}

[[Category:Talyaaniga]]
[[Category:Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka Midowga Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka NATO]]
[[Category:Dalalka G7]]
[[Category:Dalalka G20]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Faransiiska</title>
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      <text bytes="19231" sha1="fkris2gyu4m59qb1xt127zs9jgidzrn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Faransiiska
| native_name = {{native name|fr|République française}}
| common_name = Faransiiska
| image_flag = Flag of France.svg
| image_coat = Armoiries république française.svg
| symbol_type = Astaan
| national_motto = ''Liberté, égalité, fraternité''
| englishmotto = Xorriyad, Sinnaan, Walaaltinimo
| national_anthem = ''[[La Marseillaise]]''
| image_map = EU-France.svg
| map_caption = Meesha Faransiisku kaga yaal Yurub
| capital = [[Baariis|Paris]]
| largest_city = [[Baariis|Paris]]
| official_languages = [[Af-Faransiis]]
| demonym = Faransiis
| government_type = [[Jamhuuriyad]] nus-madaxweyne ah
| leader_title1 = [[Madaxweynaha Faransiiska|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1 = [[Emmanuel Macron]]
| leader_title2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaaraha Faransiiska|Ra'iisul wasaare]]
| leader_name2 = [[Sébastien Lecornu]]
| legislature = [[Baarlamaanka Faransiiska]]
| upper_house = [[Senate (France)|Senate]]
| lower_house = [[National Assembly (France)|Golaha Qaranka]]
| established_event1 = Boqortooyadii Galbeedka Franks
| established_date1 = 843
| established_event2 = Jamhuuriyaddii Koowaad
| established_date2 = 22 Sebtembar 1792
| established_event3 = Jamhuuriyadda Shanaad
| established_date3 = 4 Oktoobar 1958
| area_km2 = 638,475
| population_estimate = 69,100,000
| population_estimate_year = 2026
| currency = [[Yuuro]]
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = CET
| utc_offset = +1
| time_zone_DST = CEST
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| calling_code = +33
| cctld = [[.fr]]
}}

'''Faransiiska''' ({{lang-fr|France}}), si rasmi ah '''Jamhuuriyadda Faransiiska''' ({{lang-fr|République française}}), waa waddan ku yaalla galbeedka [[Yurub]]. Caasimaddiisu waa [[Baariis|Paris]], luqaddiisa rasmiga ahna waa [[Af-Faransiis]], lacagtiisuna waa [[yuuro]]. Faransiisku waa mid ka mid ah dalalka ugu waaweyn [[Midowga Yurub]], wuxuuna ka mid yahay dalalka aasaasay ururkaas.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=France – EU country profile |url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/france_en |publisher=European Union |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Faransiisku wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhulka Faransiiska ee Yurub, oo badanaa loo yaqaan ''Faransiiska dhulweynaha'', iyo dhulal dibadeed oo ku kala yaalla Kariibiyaanka, Koonfur Ameerika, Badweynta Hindiya iyo Badweynta Baasifigga. Sababtaas awgeed, Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay xuduudo iyo dano badeed oo ka baxsan Yurub.

Faransiisku waa jamhuuriyad cilmaani ah, dimuqraadi ah, oo leh nidaam nus-madaxweyne ah. Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Shanaad wuxuu sheegayaa in Faransiisku yahay “jamhuuriyad aan la qaybin karin, cilmaani ah, dimuqraadi ah, bulsho ahna”.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Constitution of the Fifth Republic |url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-presidency/constitution-of-4-october-1958 |publisher=Élysée |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Magaca ==
Magaca Soomaaliga ee waddanku waa '''Faransiiska'''. Dadka dalkaas u dhashay iyo luqaddoodaba waxaa lagu magacaabaa '''Faransiis'''. Magaca rasmiga ah ee waddanku waa '''Jamhuuriyadda Faransiiska'''.

Faransiiska waxaa mararka qaarkood loogu yeeraa ''Hexagone'', oo macneheedu yahay “lix-geesle”, sababtoo ah qaabka dhulka Faransiiska ee Yurub wuxuu si qiyaas ah ugu egyahay lix geesood.

== Juqraafi ==
Faransiisku wuxuu ku yaallaa galbeedka Yurub. Dhinaca waqooyi waxaa ka xiga [[Beljim]], [[Luksemburg]] iyo [[Jarmalka]]. Bari waxaa ka xiga [[Iswiiserland]] iyo [[Talyaaniga]], halka koonfur-galbeed ay ka xigaan [[Andorra]] iyo [[Isbaaniya]]. Dhinaca koonfur-bari waxaa ku yaalla [[Monako]]. Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay xeeb ku teedsan [[Badweynta Atlantikada]], [[Badda Mediterranean-ka]], Kanaalka Ingiriiska iyo Badda Waqooyi.

Dhulka Faransiiska waxaa ku jira buuro waaweyn sida [[Alps]], [[Pyrenees]], [[Massif Central]], [[Jura]] iyo [[Vosges]]. Buurta ugu dheer ee Faransiiska iyo Galbeedka Yurub waa [[Mont Blanc]], oo ku taalla xadka Faransiiska iyo Talyaaniga.

Webiyada waaweyn ee Faransiiska waxaa ka mid ah [[Seine]], [[Loire]], [[Rhône]], [[Garonne]] iyo [[Rhein]]. Webiga Seine wuxuu maraa Paris, halka Loire uu yahay mid ka mid ah webiyada ugu dheer dalka.

== Dhulalka dibadda ==
Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay dhulal dibadeed oo qayb ka ah Jamhuuriyadda Faransiiska. Kuwa ugu waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Guadeloupe]]
* [[Martinique]]
* [[Guyana Faransiiska]]
* [[Réunion]]
* [[Mayotte]]
* [[New Caledonia]]
* [[French Polynesia]]
* [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]
* [[Wallis and Futuna]]
* [[Saint Barthélemy]]
* [[Saint Martin]]

Dhulalkan waxay Faransiiska siinayaan joogitaan siyaasadeed, dhaqaale iyo badeed oo ku kala yaalla qaarado iyo badweyno kala duwan.

== Cimilada ==
Cimilada Faransiisku way kala duwan tahay. Galbeedka iyo waqooyiga dalka waxaa saameeya Badweynta Atlantikada, sidaas darteed cimiladu badanaa waa qabow-dhexdhexaad iyo roob leh. Koonfurta, gaar ahaan xeebta Mediterranean-ka, cimiladu waa kulul oo qalalan xagaaga, jiilaalkuna wuu ka fududyahay waqooyiga. Buuraha Alps iyo Pyrenees waxay leeyihiin cimilada buuraha, baraf iyo qabow xoog lehna way ka dhacaan xilliyada qaar.

== Taariikh ==
=== Xilligii hore ===
Dhulka maanta loo yaqaan Faransiiska waxaa waqti dheer deggenaa dadyow kala duwan. Roomaanku waxay dhulkaas u yaqaaneen [[Gaul]]. Qarnigii koowaad ee ka horreeyay dhalashada Ciise, Julius Caesar ayaa Gaul ku daray Boqortooyada Roomaanka. Xukunkii Roomaanku wuxuu saameyn weyn ku yeeshay luqadda, sharciyada, magaalooyinka, waddooyinka iyo dhaqanka dhulkaas.

=== Franks iyo qarniyadii dhexe ===
Kadib burburkii Boqortooyada Roomaanka ee Galbeed, qabiillo Jarmaani ah ayaa galay Gaul. Kuwa ugu muhiimsanaa waxay ahaayeen Franks, kuwaas oo magaca Faransiiska ka yimid. Boqorkii Clovis I ayaa dhidibada u taagay boqortooyo Frank ah oo xoog leh qarnigii 5aad.

Qarnigii 8aad iyo 9aad, [[Charlemagne]] wuxuu dhisay boqortooyo ballaaran oo ka koobnayd qayb weyn oo Galbeedka Yurub ah. Kadib heshiiskii Verdun ee 843, boqortooyadii Charlemagne waxaa loo qaybiyay qaybo kala duwan, waxaana ka mid ahayd Galbeedka Francia, oo noqotay aasaaska boqortooyadii Faransiiska.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=France |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/France |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Boqortooyadii Faransiiska ===
Qarniyadii dhexe, Faransiisku wuxuu si tartiib ah uga soo baxay boqortooyo feudal ah una gudbay dawlad dhexe oo xoog leh. Boqorradii Capetian, Valois iyo Bourbon waxay kordhiyeen awoodda boqortooyada. Magaalada Paris waxay noqotay xarun siyaasadeed, diimeed, aqooneed iyo dhaqaale.

Faransiisku wuxuu galay dagaallo badan, oo ay ka mid ahaayeen Dagaalkii Boqolka Sano ee uu la galay Ingiriiska. Qarnigii 17aad, xilligii [[Louis XIV]], Faransiisku wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah quwadaha ugu waaweyn Yurub. Louis XIV waxaa badanaa lagu xusuustaa Versailles iyo xoojinta awoodda boqortooyada.

=== Kacaankii Faransiiska ===
Sanadkii 1789 waxaa bilowday [[Kacaankii Faransiiska]], kaas oo beddelay taariikhda Faransiiska iyo Yurub. Kacaanku wuxuu meesha ka saaray boqortooyadii hore, wuxuuna faafiyay fikrado ku saabsan muwaadinnimo, xuquuq, sharci, sinnaan iyo qaranimo. Halku-dhegga Jamhuuriyadda Faransiiska — ''Liberté, égalité, fraternité'' — wuxuu ka soo baxay jawigaas siyaasadeed.

Jamhuuriyaddii Koowaad waxaa lagu dhawaaqay 22 Sebtembar 1792. Kadib waxaa yimid xukunkii [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], oo Faransiiska u beddelay quwad ciidan oo Yurub oo dhan saameysay. Napoleon wuxuu dhisay Boqortooyadii Faransiiska, wuxuuna dib u habeyn weyn ku sameeyay maamulka, sharciga iyo hay'adaha dawladda.

=== Qarnigii 19aad iyo gumeysiga ===
Qarnigii 19aad, Faransiisku wuxuu maray boqortooyooyin, jamhuuriyado iyo imbaraadooriyado is beddelayay. Isla xilligaas, Faransiisku wuxuu dhisay gumeysi ballaaran oo ka jiray Afrika, Aasiya, Kariibiyaanka iyo Badweynta Baasifigga. Gumeysiga Faransiisku wuxuu saameyn weyn ku yeeshay luqadda Faransiiska, ganacsiga, siyaasadda iyo dhaqamada dalal badan.

=== Dagaalladii adduunka ===
Faransiisku wuxuu ka mid ahaa dalalkii ugu waaweynaa ee ka qayb galay [[Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka]]. Dagaalkaas wuxuu sababay khasaare aad u weyn oo naf iyo dhaqaale ah. Qaybo badan oo waqooyiga Faransiiska ah ayaa burburay.

Intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]], Jarmalkii Nazi-ga ayaa qabsaday Faransiiska 1940. Waxaa jiray xukunkii Vichy oo la shaqeeyay Jarmalka, iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyo iska caabin ah oo Faransiis ah. Charles de Gaulle wuxuu noqday astaanta Faransiiska Xorta ah. Faransiiska waxaa la xoreeyay 1944, kadib duullaankii xulafada ee Normandy iyo kacdoonkii Paris.

=== Jamhuuriyadda Shanaad ===
Jamhuuriyadda Shanaad waxaa la aas aasay 1958, iyadoo Charles de Gaulle uu noqday hoggaamiye muhiim ah. Dastuurka cusub wuxuu xoojiyay xilka madaxweynaha, wuxuuna Faransiiska siiyay nidaam siyaasadeed oo ka deggan Jamhuuriyadihii hore. Faransiisku wuxuu noqday xubin aasaase ah oo ka tirsan hay'adihii horseeday Midowga Yurub, wuxuuna sii ahaanayaa quwad weyn oo Yurub iyo dunida ah.

== Dowladda iyo siyaasadda ==
Faransiisku waa jamhuuriyad nus-madaxweyne ah. Madaxweynaha waxaa lagu doortaa cod dadweyne, wuxuuna leeyahay awood siyaasadeed oo weyn. Madaxweynaha wuxuu magacaabaa Ra'iisul Wasaaraha, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ku leeyahay siyaasadda dibadda, difaaca iyo jihada guud ee dawladda.

Ra'iisul Wasaaruhu wuxuu hoggaamiyaa xukuumadda, wuxuuna ka shaqeeyaa fulinta siyaasadaha gudaha iyo maamulka maalinlaha ah ee dawladda. Baarlamaanka Faransiisku wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba aqal: Golaha Qaranka iyo Senate-ka.

Madaxweynaha hadda waa [[Emmanuel Macron]]. Ra'iisul Wasaaraha hadda waa [[Sébastien Lecornu]], oo loo magacaabay xilkaas 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Welcome to the website of the French Presidency |url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/ |publisher=Élysée |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sébastien Lecornu – Premier ministre |url=https://www.info.gouv.fr/personnalite/sebastien-lecornu |publisher=Gouvernement français |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dastuurka iyo astaamaha qaranka ==
Dastuurka Faransiiska ee 1958 wuxuu qeexayaa Faransiiska inuu yahay jamhuuriyad cilmaani ah, dimuqraadi ah, bulsho ah, oo aan la qaybin karin. Dastuurku wuxuu kaloo dhigayaa in luqadda Jamhuuriyaddu tahay Faransiis, calanka qarankuna yahay buluug, caddaan iyo casaan. Heesta qaranku waa ''La Marseillaise'', halku-dhegguna waa ''Liberté, égalité, fraternité''.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot; /&gt;

== Qaybaha maamulka ==
Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay 18 gobol maamul: 13 ku yaalla Yurub iyo 5 gobol oo dibadeed ah. Gobolladaas waxaa loo sii qaybiyaa waaxyo, degmooyin iyo maamulo hoose. Paris waxay leedahay maqaam gaar ah, maadaama ay tahay caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu weyn dalka.

Gobollada waaweyn ee Faransiiska dhulweynaha waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Île-de-France]]
* [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]]
* [[Nouvelle-Aquitaine]]
* [[Occitanie]]
* [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]]
* [[Grand Est]]
* [[Hauts-de-France]]
* [[Bretagne]]
* [[Normandie]]
* [[Pays de la Loire]]
* [[Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]]
* [[Centre-Val de Loire]]
* [[Corsica]]

Dowladda Faransiiska waxay sheegtaa in dalka uu leeyahay 18 gobol, shan ka mid ahna ay yihiin gobollo dibadeed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Découpage administratif de la France : les régions |url=https://www.vie-publique.fr/carte/270580-decoupage-administratif-de-la-france-les-regions |publisher=Vie publique |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Xiriirka dibadda ==
Faransiisku waa xubin ka tirsan [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[Midowga Yurub]], [[NATO]], [[G7]], [[G20]], [[OECD]], [[WTO]] iyo hay'ado kale oo caalami ah. Faransiisku wuxuu ka mid yahay shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee [[Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay]], wuxuuna leeyahay awoodda diidmada qayaxan.

Faransiisku wuxuu door weyn ku leeyahay siyaasadda Yurub, ammaanka caalamka, arrimaha Afrika, Bariga Dhexe, Badweynta Hindiya iyo Baasifigga. Luqadda Faransiiska iyo ururka [[Francophonie]] ayaa sidoo kale qayb ka ah saameynta dibadda ee Faransiiska.

== Ciidanka ==
Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay mid ka mid ah ciidamada ugu waaweyn Yurub. Ciidamada Faransiiska waxaa ka mid ah ciidanka dhulka, ciidanka badda, ciidanka cirka iyo gendarmerie. Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay hub nukliyeer ah, wuxuuna ka mid yahay dalalka ugu awoodda badan dhinaca difaaca ee Yurub.

Faransiisku wuxuu ka qaybqaataa hawlgallo militari iyo nabad ilaalin oo caalami ah, gaar ahaan iyada oo loo marayo Qaramada Midoobay, Midowga Yurub iyo NATO.

== Dhaqaale ==
Faransiisku wuxuu ka mid yahay dhaqaalaha ugu waaweyn adduunka. Dhaqaalaha dalka wuxuu ku dhisan yahay adeegyo, warshado, beeraha, tamarta, dalxiiska, tiknoolajiyada, gaadiidka iyo ganacsiga. Paris waa xarun weyn oo dhaqaale, bangiyo, caymis, moodo, farshaxan iyo dalxiis ah.

Warshadaha muhiimka ah ee Faransiiska waxaa ka mid ah diyaaradaha, baabuurta, tareennada, dawooyinka, tamarta, qalabka difaaca, moodada, qurxinta, cuntada iyo cabbitaanka. Shirkado Faransiis ah oo badan ayaa ka shaqeeya suuqyada caalamka.

Faransiisku wuxuu isticmaalaa lacagta yuuro, maadaama uu xubin ka yahay aagga euro-da. Midowga Yurub wuxuu Faransiiska ku tilmaamaa dal xubin ka ah EU tan iyo 1958, lacagtiisuna tahay euro.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

== Dalxiis ==
Dalxiisku wuxuu ka mid yahay qaybaha ugu muhiimsan dhaqaalaha Faransiiska. Paris, Tower Eiffel, Louvre, Versailles, Mont-Saint-Michel, Provence, French Riviera, Loire Valley iyo Alps waxay ka mid yihiin meelaha ugu caansan. Hay'adda dalxiiska ee Faransiiska waxay sheegtay in Faransiisku gaaray qiyaastii 102 milyan oo booqdayaal caalami ah 2025.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Data insights |url=https://www.atout-france.fr/en/understanding-and-anticipating-trends-0 |publisher=Atout France |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Faransiiska waxaa ku yaalla goobaha dhaxalka adduunka ee UNESCO oo badan, kuwaas oo isugu jira magaalooyin taariikhi ah, kaniisado, qalcado, dhul beereedyo dhaqameed iyo goobo dabiici ah.

== Tamarta ==
Faransiisku wuxuu caan ku yahay isticmaalka tamarta nukliyeerka. Korontada dalka qayb weyn waxaa soo saara warshadaha nukliyeerka, taas oo Faransiiska siisay nidaam koronto oo leh kaarboon hoose marka loo eego dalal badan oo Yurub ah. Hay'adda Tamarta Caalamiga ah waxay Faransiiska ku tilmaantaa dal leh isku-dhaf koronto oo kaarboonkiisu hooseeyo, sababtuna tahay raxantiisa nukliyeerka ee weyn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=France – Countries &amp; Regions |url=https://www.iea.org/countries/france |publisher=International Energy Agency |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dadka ==
Hay'adda tirakoobka Faransiiska ee INSEE waxay qiyaastay in dadka Faransiiska ay ahaayeen qiyaastii 69.1 milyan 1 Janaayo 2026.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Demographic report 2025 |url=https://www.insee.fr/en/statistiques/8726555 |publisher=INSEE |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tiradaas waxaa ku jira dadka ku nool Faransiiska dhulweynaha iyo dhulalka dibadda.

Dadka Faransiiska badankood waxay ku nool yihiin magaalooyinka. Aagga Paris waa midka ugu dadka badan uguna dhaqaale weyn dalka. Magaalooyin kale oo waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Nice, Nantes, Strasbourg, Montpellier, Bordeaux iyo Lille.

== Luqadaha ==
Luqadda rasmiga ah ee Faransiiska waa [[Af-Faransiis]]. Dastuurka Faransiisku wuxuu caddeeyaa in luqadda Jamhuuriyaddu tahay Faransiis.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot; /&gt;

Waxaa sidoo kale dalka ka jira luqado goboleed iyo taariikhi ah sida Breton, Occitan, Alsatian, Corsican, Basque, Catalan, Flemish iyo luqado kale. Dhulalka dibadda waxaa laga hadlaa luqado iyo lahjado kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan Creole-yo Faransiis ku salaysan.

== Diinta ==
Faransiisku waa dawlad cilmaani ah. Mabda'a ''laïcité'' wuxuu ka dhigan yahay kala saaridda dawladda iyo diinta, iyo in muwaadiniintu leeyihiin xorriyad diimeed. Dastuurku wuxuu sheegayaa in Jamhuuriyaddu ixtiraamto dhammaan caqiidooyinka.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot; /&gt;

Masiixiyadda, gaar ahaan Kaatooligga, waxay taariikh ahaan saamayn weyn ku lahayd Faransiiska. Maanta waxaa sidoo kale jira dad aan diin lahayn, Muslimiin, Yuhuud, Budhiistayaal, Protestant-yo iyo kooxo kale.

== Waxbarasho iyo cilmi ==
Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay nidaam waxbarasho oo dheer oo dawladeed. Jaamacadaha iyo machadyada sare ee Faransiiska waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaareen cilmiga, falsafadda, sharciga, caafimaadka, injineernimada iyo suugaanta. Paris waxay muddo dheer ahayd xarun aqoon iyo dhaqameed.

Faransiiska waxaa ka soo jeeda saynisyahanno, qoraayo, falsafad-yaqaanno iyo farshaxanno caan ah sida René Descartes, Blaise Pascal, Marie Curie, Louis Pasteur, Victor Hugo, Molière, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Claude Monet iyo qaar kale oo badan.

== Dhaqan ==
Dhaqanka Faransiiska wuxuu saameyn weyn ku leeyahay dunida. Faransiisku wuxuu caan ku yahay suugaanta, falsafadda, farshaxanka, filimada, muusigga, moodada, cuntada iyo naqshadda dhismaha. Paris waxaa marar badan loo arkaa mid ka mid ah xarumaha ugu waaweyn ee farshaxanka iyo moodada dunida.

Cuntada Faransiiska waxay caan ku tahay rootiga, farmaajada, khamriga, maraqa, hilibka, kalluunka, macmacaanka iyo farsamada karinta. UNESCO waxay cuntada Faransiiska u aqoonsatay qayb ka mid ah dhaxalka dhaqameed ee aan la taaban karin.

== Farshaxan iyo suugaan ==
Faransiisku wuxuu leeyahay taariikh suugaaneed oo qani ah. Qoraayo sida Victor Hugo, Molière, Honoré de Balzac, Gustave Flaubert, Marcel Proust, Albert Camus iyo Jean-Paul Sartre ayaa saamayn weyn ku yeeshay suugaanta caalamka.

Farshaxanka Faransiiska waxaa ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqyo iyo farshaxanno caan ah sida Impressionism, oo ay la xiriiraan Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir iyo Edgar Degas. Matxafyada Faransiiska, gaar ahaan Louvre, Musée d'Orsay iyo Centre Pompidou, waxay hayaan uruurin farshaxan oo aad u weyn.

== Ciyaaraha ==
Kubadda cagta waa ciyaarta ugu caansan Faransiiska. Xulka qaranka Faransiiska wuxuu ku guuleystay Koobka Adduunka ee FIFA 1998 iyo 2018. Faransiisku wuxuu sidoo kale caan ku yahay tartanka baaskiilka ee [[Tour de France]], oo ka mid ah tartamada ciyaaraha ugu caansan adduunka.

Ciyaaro kale oo dalka laga jecel yahay waxaa ka mid ah rugby, tennis, kubbadda koleyga, handball, judo iyo ciyaaraha jiilaalka.

== Magaalooyin waaweyn ==
Magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Faransiiska waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Baariis|Paris]]
* [[Marseille]]
* [[Lyon]]
* [[Toulouse]]
* [[Nice]]
* [[Nantes]]
* [[Strasbourg]]
* [[Montpellier]]
* [[Bordeaux]]
* [[Lille]]
* [[Rennes]]
* [[Reims]]
* [[Saint-Étienne]]
* [[Toulon]]
* [[Grenoble]]

== Xubin ka ahaansho ==
Faransiisku wuxuu xubin ka yahay ururo badan oo caalami ah, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin:

* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]
* [[Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[NATO]]
* [[G7]]
* [[G20]]
* [[OECD]]
* [[WTO]]
* [[Francophonie]]
* [[Interpol]]

== Sidoo kale fiiri ==
* [[Baariis]]
* [[Af-Faransiis]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[Kacaankii Faransiiska]]
* [[Napoleon Bonaparte]]
* [[La Marseillaise]]
* [[Tour de France]]
* [[Guyana Faransiiska]]
* [[Réunion]]
* [[Mayotte]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Yurub}}

[[Category:Faransiiska]]
[[Category:Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka Midowga Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka G7]]
[[Category:Dalalka G20]]
[[Category:Dalalka NATO]]</text>
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|title = Antarktika
|image = [[File:Antarctica (orthographic projection).svg|250px|alt=This map uses an [[orthographic projection (cartography)|orthographic projection]], near-polar aspect. The [[South Pole]] is near the center, where [[longitude|longitudinal]] lines converge.]] &lt;!--Please see discussion or contribute to discussion if you are considering replacing this image--&gt;
|area = {{convert|14000000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on|en=us}}&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ay.html United States Central Intelligence Agency, 2011, Antarctica, The World Factbook |publisher=Government of the United States]&lt;/ref&gt;
|population =cid joogto u degan ma lahan(2015)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2119.html The World Factbook: Population]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br /&gt; ~ 5,000 temporary residents
|density = 
|demonym = Antarktikan, Antarktik
|countries = Wadano ma lahan
|list_countries =
|dependencies =
|languages = 
|time = 
|internet = [[.aq]]
|cities = 
}}
'''Antarktika''' ({{lang-en|Antarctica}}; {{lang-ar|القارة القطبية الجنوبية}}; ''loogu dhawaaqo'': {{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-Antarctica.ogg|æ|n|t|ˈ|ɑːr|k|t|ɪ|k|ə}} iyo {{IPAc-en|æ|n|t|ˈ|ɑːr|t|ɪ|k|ə}})&lt;ref&gt;Crystal David, 2006 The Fight for English, Oxford University Press, page 172&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20151205085150/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php Harper Douglas, Antarctic, Online Etymology Dictionary]&lt;/ref&gt; waa [[qaarad]]a ugu xigta koonfurta [[Aduun]]ka, taasi oo juquraafi ahaan noqoneysa [[Cidhifka Koonfureed]] ee [[dhul]]ka. Qaarada Antarktika waxay ka mid tahay ''gobolka Antarktik'' ee waaxda koonfureed ee dhulka, taasi oo qeyb ka yihiin Iskuwareega Antarktik iyo [[Bada Koonfureed]]. Baaxada dhulka Antarktika waa mid aad u balaadhan, waxaana lagu qiyaasay [[milyan|14.0 milyan kilomitir labo jibaaran]] (5.4 milyan mayl labo jibaaran), taasi oo ka dhigeysa qaarada shanaad ee ugu weyn aduunka - waxaa ka weyn [[Afrika]], [[Aasiya]], [[Waqooyiga Ameerika]] iyo [[Koonfur Ameerika]].

Hadii Antarktika la barbardhigo qaarada [[Ustareliya]] weey ku labo laabmaysaa, taasi micnaheedu waa in Ustareliya le'egtahay kala badh Antarktika. Sida la ogyahay ilaa 98% qaarada Antarktika waxaa qariyahay [[baraf]] kaasi oo leh dhumuc dhan 1.9 kilomitir (1.2 mayl),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=British Antarctic Survey, Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica, The Cryosphere journal, page 390 |url=http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/375/2013/tc-7-375-2013.pdf |access-date=2015-09-21 |archive-date=2020-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216072841/https://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/375/2013/tc-7-375-2013.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; kuna fidsan dhamaan deegaanada qaarada marka laga reebo qeybta waqooyi oo kali ah.

Isku celcelis, qaarada Antarktika waa tan ugu [[qaboow]], qalalsan, ee ugu [[dabayl|dabaysha]] badan qaaradaha caalamka oo dhan. Sidoo kale waxay leedahay deegaano badan oo ugu dhaadheer jooga dhulka.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20060613001502/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html National Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National Geophysical Data Center, Government of the United States]&lt;/ref&gt; 
Juquraafi ahaan marka laga hadlayo deegaanada Antarktika waxaa lagu tiriyaa [[lamadegaan]] (saxare), sababtoo ah waxaa ka da'a [[roob]] aad u yar oo mararka qaar ka yar 200&amp;nbsp;mm (8&amp;nbsp;in) kaasi oo ku da'a deegaanada xeebaha oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20090304001123/http://www.worldalmanac.com/blog/2007/01/the_world_at_a_glance_surprisi.html Joyce C. Alan, 18 January 2007, The World at a Glance: Surprising Facts, The World Almanac]&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxaa xusid mudan [[heerkul]]ka Antarktika, wuxuu inta badan yahay −89&amp;nbsp;°C (−129&amp;nbsp;°F), in kastoo marka la iskucelceliyo guud ahaan noqonayso −63&amp;nbsp;°C (−81&amp;nbsp;°F). 

Dhinaca kale, qaarada Antarktika ma lahan dad si joogto ah ugu dhaqan ama nool deegaanadaadi. Laakiin waxaa wakhtiyo badan oo sanadka ah jooga tiro [[Saynis]]yahano iyo [[cilmi]]baadhayaal ah oo u dhexeeya 1,000 ilaa 5,000 qof kuwaasi oo ku baahsan dhinacyada qaarada.

Noolaha sida dabiiciga ah looga helo qaarada Antarktika waxaa ka mid ah algae, [[bakteeriya]], [[fungi]], xoogaa yar oo [[dhir]] ah, brotista, iyo noocyo kooban oo [[xayawaan]] ah, sida [[takfi]]da, [[qooleey]]da, sealska, iyo tardgrade. Dhirta ugu caansan ee laga helo deeganku waa ''tundra''.

Guud ahaan, qaarada Antarktika waa meel aan la kala lahayn (de facto), laakiin waxaa maamula oo gacanta ku haya dowladaha saxeexay ''&quot;Nidaamka Heshiiska Antarktika&quot;''. Heshiiskaasi waxaa sanadkii 1959kii saxeexay labo iyo toban wadan, wakhtiyadii ka dambeeyayna waxaa saxeexa ku biiray ilaa 39 wadan kale. Heshiiskaasi wuxuu meesha ka saarayaa in qaarada Antarktika loo isticmaalo siyaabo milatari, in hubka lagu tijaabiyo, in wasakhda hubka lau aaso ama la keeno, in la taageero ajandaha cilmi-baadhista, in [[macdan]] laga qoto iyo in la ilaaliyo hawada nadiifta ah ee qaarada.

Wadanadii ugu horeeyay waxaa ka mid ah [[Arjantiina]], [[Ustareliya]], [[Beljim]]ka, [[Jili]], [[Faransiiska]], [[Jabaan]], [[New Zealand]], [[Norway]], [[Koonfur Afrika]], [[Ruushka]], [[Ingiriis]]ka iyo [[Maraykanka]] Cilmibaadhista ka socota qaarada waa mid caalami ah oo ilaa 4,000 aqoon yahay oo caalamka ka kala socda joogaan.
[[File:Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka Antarktika ([[NASA]]).]]

=Badweynta Koonfureed=

[[Badweynta Koonfured]] (Badweynta Antarktika) waa mid ka mid ah [[badweyn|shanta badweyn]] ee [[aduun]]ka taasi oo dhacda meesha ugu xigta koonfurta [[dhul]]ka. Badweynta Koonfured waxay ku taalaa koonfuta [[dhig|dhigta 60° K]] taasi oo ku wareegsan gobolka [[Qaarada Antarktika]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html Geography - Southern Ocean, CIA Factbook: the Southern Ocean has the unique distinction of being a large circumpolar body of water totally encircling the continent of Antarctica; this ring of water lies between 60 degrees south latitude and the coast of Antarctica and encompasses 360 degrees of longitude]&lt;/ref&gt;

Marka laga hadlayo baaxada iyo waynida, badweyntani waa [[bad|bada afaraad ee ugu weyn]] [[badweyn]]ta aduunka, waxaa ka wayn [[Badweynta Baasifik]], [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], iyo [[Badweynta Hindiya]]; waxaysa ka weyn tahay [[Badweynta Arktik]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html Introduction - Southern Ocean, CIA Factbook:As such, the Southern Ocean is now the fourth largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Indian Ocean, but larger than the Arctic Ocean]&lt;/ref&gt; Biyaha badani waxay dhacaan soonaha biyaha [[qaboow]] iyo [[kul|diiran]] ku kulmaan.

Markii ugu horeeysay taariikhda waxaa sanadkii 1770kii la ogaaday badweyntani markii sahamiye kabtan James Kook u gooshay biyaha koonfureed ee aduunka. Intaas wixii ka dambeeyay waxaa [[Juquraafi|cilmiyahanada juquraafigu]] aad ugu qulqulayeen gobolka ay badweyntani ka mid tahay. Sidoo kale waxaa in mudo ah muran iyo is-afgaranwaa ka taagna xadka Badweynta Koonfureed, taasi oo meelo badan lagaga qasayey xadka ay la wadaagto Badweynta Baasifik, Badweynta Atlantik iyo Badweynta Hindiya.

[[Sanad|Sanadkii 2000]] wixii ka dambeeyay bulshada caalamku waxay isku raacday in Badweynta Koonfureed ka bilaabanto (ama lagu daro) dhigta lixdanaad koonfur.&lt;ref&gt;Pyne, Stephen J.; ''The Ice: A Journey to Antarctica''. University of Washington Press, 1986. (A study of Antarctica's exploration, earth-sciences, icescape, esthetics, literature, and geopolitics)&lt;/ref&gt;

=Cidhifka Koonfureed=
[[File:Location Antarctica.svg|thumb|Koonfur pole]]

[[Cidhifka Koonfur]]ed (South Pole) waa geeska ugu shisheeya ama ugu fog ee [[koonfur]]ta [[meere|meeraha]] [[dhul]]ka. Dunida aan ku nool nahay ee [[dhul]]ka waxay leedahay [[labo]] cidhif oo kala ah [[Cidhifka Waqooyi]] iyo [[Cidhifka Koonfur]] ee [[dhul]]ka.

Cirifka Koonfur ee aduunka waxee ku taalaa koonfurta ugu hooseeso [[aduunka]].
Cirifka Koonfur iyo [[Cirifka waqooyi]] waa meelaha 6 bilood maalin ah, 6 bilood habeen ah.labadaan meelood waa meesha oo aduunka ka wareegto.Meeshani waa meesha aduunka ugu nolosha adag amaba ugu daran,qofkii ugu horeeyay ee tagaa waxa uu ahaa [[Roald Amundsen]] waxay ahayd sanadii 1911.

=Muuqaalka=
&lt;gallery  perrow=&quot; &quot; widths=&quot;180&quot; heights=&quot;180&quot; caption=&quot;Muuqaalada Antarktika&quot;&gt;
File:Base Dumont d'Urville - Dumont d'Urville station.jpg
File:Aan de Zuidpool - p1913-160.jpg
File:James Weddell Expedition.jpg
File:Adelie Penguins on iceberg.jpg
File: 061212-nordkapp.jpg
File:Fryxellsee Opt.jpg
File:Mount Erebus Aerial 2.jpg
File:Aurore australe - Aurora australis.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

=Qoraalo Kale=
*[[Koon]]
*[[Meere]] 
*[[Dhul]] 
*[[Cidhif]]
*[[Cidhifka Koonfureed]]
*[[Cidhifka Waqooyi]]
*[[Qaarad]]

=Tixraac=
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Aqoon]]
[[Category:Waxbarsho]]
[[Category:Juqraafi]]


[[Category:Juqraafi]]

[[Category:Qaaradaha]]
{{Commons|Antarctica}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Giriiga</title>
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      <text bytes="29017" sha1="7wzfgimkinre3ts3e6enppul1zjw4su" xml:space="preserve">{{Coord|39|N|22|E|type:country_region:GR|display=title}}

{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Giriigga
| native_name = {{native name|el|Ελληνική Δημοκρατία}}
| common_name = Giriigga
| image_flag = Flag of Greece.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Greece.svg
| symbol_type = Astaanta qaranka
| national_motto = ''Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος''&lt;br /&gt;Xorriyad ama Geeri
| national_anthem = ''[[Hymn to Liberty]]''
| image_map = EU-Greece.svg
| map_caption = Meesha Giriiggu kaga yaal Yurub
| capital = [[Athens|Atina]]
| largest_city = [[Athens|Atina]]
| official_languages = [[Af-Giriig]]
| demonym = Giriig
| government_type = [[Jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah]]
| leader_title1 = [[Madaxweynaha Giriigga|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1 = [[Konstantinos Tasoulas]]
| leader_title2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaaraha Giriigga|Ra'iisul wasaare]]
| leader_name2 = [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]]
| legislature = [[Baarlamaanka Giriigga]]
| established_event1 = Bilowgii dagaalkii madax-bannaanida
| established_date1 = 1821
| established_event2 = Aqoonsigii dawladnimada Giriigga
| established_date2 = 1830
| established_event3 = Jamhuuriyadda Saddexaad
| established_date3 = 24 Luuliyo 1974
| established_event4 = Dastuurka hadda
| established_date4 = 11 Juun 1975
| area_km2 = 131,694
| population_estimate = 10,372,335
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| currency = [[Yuuro]]
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
| time_zone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| drives_on = midig
| calling_code = +30
| cctld = [[.gr]]
}}

'''Giriigga''' ({{lang-el|Ελλάδα}}, ''Elláda''), si rasmi ah '''Jamhuuriyadda Giriigga''' ({{lang-el|Ελληνική Δημοκρατία}}, ''Ellinikí Dimokratía''), waa waddan ku yaalla koonfur-bari [[Yurub]], gaar ahaan koonfurta [[Balkans]]. Caasimaddiisu waa [[Athens|Atina]], luqaddiisa rasmiga ahna waa [[Af-Giriig]]. Giriiggu wuxuu xubin ka yahay [[Midowga Yurub]], [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], [[WTO]] iyo aagga lacagta [[yuuro]].&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Greece – EU country profile |url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/greece_en |publisher=European Union |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Giriiggu wuxuu xuduud dhul la leeyahay [[Albaaniya]], [[Waqooyiga Masedooniya]], [[Bulgariya]] iyo [[Turkiga]]. Waxaa bari iyo koonfur ka xiga [[Badda Aegean]], galbeedna [[Badda Ionian]], kuwaas oo qayb ka ah [[Badda Mediterranean-ka]]. Dalka waxaa ka tirsan kumannaan jasiiradood, waxaana kuwa ugu waaweyn ka mid ah [[Crete]], [[Euboea]], [[Rhodes]], [[Lesbos]], [[Chios]], [[Corfu]] iyo jasiirado badan oo ku kala yaalla Aegean iyo Ionian.

Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay taariikh aad u dheer oo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay dunida. Giriiggii hore wuxuu door muhiim ah ka qaatay horumarinta falsafadda, xisaabta, sayniska, masraxa, taariikh-qorista, siyaasadda, farshaxanka, ciyaaraha Olombikada iyo fikradda dimuqraadiyadda. Dhaxalka Giriigga wuxuu saameyn weyn ku yeeshay Rooma, Yurubta dambe, Kiristaanka Bari, Renaissance-ka iyo ilbaxnimada casriga ah.

== Magaca ==
Magaca Soomaaliga ee waddanku waa '''Giriigga''' ama mararka qaar '''Giriig'''. Dadka dalkaas u dhashay waxaa lagu magacaabaa '''Giriig''', luqaddoodana waxaa la yiraahdaa '''Af-Giriig'''.

Magaca Giriiggu isku yiraahdo waa ''Elláda'' ama ''Hellas'', halka magaca rasmiga ah ee dawladda casriga ahi yahay ''Ellinikí Dimokratía'', oo macnihiisu yahay Jamhuuriyadda Helleniga ama Jamhuuriyadda Giriigga. Magaca “Greece” ee Ingiriisiga iyo luqado badan oo Yurub ah wuxuu ka yimid magaca Laatiinka ah ee ''Graecia'', kaas oo Roomaanku u adeegsadeen dhulka Giriigga.

== Juqraafi ==
Giriiggu wuxuu ku yaallaa koonfur-bari Yurub, meesha ay Balkans-ka, Mediterranean-ka, Aegean iyo Bariga Mediterranean-ku iskaga dhowaadaan. Dhulka dalka intiisa badan waa buuraley. Waxaa la sheegaa in buuruhu ka muuqdaan inta badan dhulka Giriigga, taas oo sababtay in gobollada Giriiggu taariikh ahaan yeeshaan magaalooyin, dooxooyin iyo jasiirado kala go'an oo dhaqammo kala duwan yeeshay.

Buurta ugu dheer dalka waa [[Mount Olympus|Buurta Olympus]], oo ku taalla waqooyiga Giriigga, una dhow xadka Thessaly iyo Macedonia. Buurtan waxay door weyn ku leedahay khuraafaadka Giriiggii hore, maadaama loo arkayay hoyga ilaahyada Olympian-ka.

Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay xeeb aad u dheer marka loo eego baaxaddiisa. Xeebaha, dekedaha iyo jasiiraduhu waxay muddo dheer ka dhigeen Giriigga dal badeed, ganacsi iyo socdaal ku tiirsan. Badda ayaa si weyn u qaabaysay taariikhda Giriigga, laga bilaabo ilbaxnimadii Minoan ee Crete ilaa ganacsiga Aegean, dagaalladii Faaris, gumeysiyadii Giriigga hore iyo dhaqaalaha casriga ah ee maraakiibta iyo dalxiiska.

== Jasiiradaha ==
Jasiiradaha Giriigga waxay ka mid yihiin qaybaha ugu caansan dalka. Waxaa jira kooxo jasiiradeed oo waaweyn, sida:

* [[Cyclades]], oo ay ka mid yihiin Santorini, Mykonos, Naxos iyo Paros
* [[Dodecanese]], oo ay ka mid yihiin Rhodes iyo Kos
* [[Ionian Islands]], oo ay ka mid yihiin Corfu, Zakynthos iyo Kefalonia
* [[North Aegean Islands]], oo ay ka mid yihiin Lesbos, Chios iyo Samos
* [[Sporades]], oo ay ka mid yihiin Skiathos iyo Skopelos
* [[Crete]], oo ah jasiiradda ugu weyn Giriigga

Jasiiraduhu waxay leeyihiin taariikh, lahjado, cuntooyin iyo naqshad-dhismeed u gaar ah. Qaar waxay caan ku yihiin xadaaradihii hore, qaar kale kaniisado Byzantine ah, qaar kalena dalxiis, xeeb iyo muuqaal dabiici ah.

== Cimilada ==
Cimilada Giriiggu guud ahaan waa Mediterranean: xagaa kulul oo qalalan iyo jiilaal dhexdhexaad ah oo roob leh. Xeebaha iyo jasiiraduhu waxay leeyihiin cimilo badeed oo diirran. Waqooyiga iyo meelaha buuraha leh waxay qabaan jiilaal ka qabow, barafna wuu ka da'aa meelaha sare.

Gobollada qaar, gaar ahaan waqooyiga iyo gudaha dalka, waxay leeyihiin cimilo ka dhow midda Balkans-ka, halka Crete, Dodecanese iyo jasiiradaha koonfureed ay leeyihiin cimilo aad u diirran oo Mediterranean ah.

== Deegaanka iyo dabiicadda ==
Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay deegaan kala duwan oo ka kooban buuro, kaymo, dooxooyin, jasiirado, xeeb, biyo-fadhiisimo, harooyin iyo dhul beereedyo Mediterranean ah. Dalka waxaa ku yaalla seero qaran iyo aagag dabiici ah oo la ilaaliyo. Meelaha caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah Mount Olympus, Prespa Lakes, Vikos Gorge, Samaria Gorge ee Crete, iyo Meteora oo isku dara muuqaal dabiici ah iyo dhaxal diimeed.

Giriiggu wuxuu hoy u yahay noocyo kala duwan oo dhir iyo xayawaan ah. Badaha ku wareegsan waxaa laga helaa kalluun, delfiinno, qoolley badeed iyo noolayaal kale oo Mediterranean ah. Deegaanka Giriigga waxaa saameeya cadaadiska dalxiiska, dababka kaymaha, isbeddelka cimilada, isticmaalka biyaha iyo horumarinta xeebaha.

== Taariikh ==
=== Xilligii hore iyo ilbaxnimadii Aegean ===
Taariikhda Giriigga waxay gaartaa xilliyo aad u fog. Ka hor Giriiggii classical-ka ahaa waxaa jiray ilbaxnimooyin Aegean ah oo muhiim ah. Midda ugu caansan waa ilbaxnimadii [[Minoan civilization|Minoan]] ee ka dhalatay [[Crete]], qiyaastii kunnii labaad ee ka horreeyay dhalashada Ciise. Minoans waxay dhiseen xarumo waaweyn sida Knossos, waxayna lahaayeen farshaxan, ganacsi badeed iyo nidaam maamul oo horumarsan.

Kadib waxaa xoogaystay ilbaxnimadii [[Mycenaean Greece|Mycenaean]], oo ka jirtay dhulka Giriigga ee mainland-ka. Mycenaeans waxay xiriir la lahaayeen dunida Aegean iyo Bariga Mediterranean-ka, waxaana dhaqankooda lagu xusuustaa magaalooyin sida Mycenae, Tiryns iyo Pylos. Xusuusta xilligooda ayaa qayb ka noqotay gabayadii Homer, gaar ahaan ''Iliad'' iyo ''Odyssey''.

=== Xilligii Archaic iyo magaalo-dawladaha ===
Kadib burburkii ilbaxnimadii Mycenaean, Giriiggu wuxuu galay xilli isbeddel ah. Qarnigii 8aad ilaa 6aad ee ka horreeyay dhalashada Ciise waxaa soo baxay magaalo-dawlado Giriig ah, oo loo yaqaan ''poleis''. Magaalo-dawlad kastaa waxay lahayd maamul, ciidan, sharci iyo dhaqan gaar ah.

Magaalooyinka ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ahaa [[Athens|Atina]], [[Sparta]], [[Corinth]], [[Thebes]] iyo [[Argos]]. Isla xilligan Giriiggu wuxuu sameeyay gumeysiyo iyo xarumo ganacsi oo ku kala yaalla Mediterranean-ka iyo Badda Madow, sida koonfurta Talyaaniga, Sasiiliya, xeebaha Anatolia, Thrace iyo xeebaha Waqooyiga Afrika.

=== Giriiggii Classical-ka ahaa ===
Qarnigii 5aad iyo 4aad ee ka horreeyay dhalashada Ciise waxaa loo arkaa xilligii ugu caansanaa ee Giriiggii hore. Atina waxay noqotay xarun dimuqraadiyad, falsafad, farshaxan, masrax iyo aqoon. Xilligan waxaa noolaa ama shaqeeyay dad caan ah sida Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Herodotus, Thucydides, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes iyo Phidias.

Giriiggu wuxuu la dagaallamay Boqortooyadii Faaris dagaalladii loo yaqaanay [[Greco-Persian Wars]]. Guulihii Marathon, Salamis iyo Plataea waxay muhiim u noqdeen aqoonsiga siyaasadeed iyo dhaqan ee magaalo-dawladaha Giriigga. Kadib waxaa dhacay loollan u dhexeeyay Atina iyo Sparta, kaas oo sababay [[Peloponnesian War]]. Dagaalkaas wuxuu dhaawacay awooddii magaalo-dawladaha Giriigga.

=== Makedoniya iyo xilligii Hellenistic ===
Qarnigii 4aad ee ka horreeyay dhalashada Ciise, boqortooyadii [[Macedonia]] ee waqooyiga Giriigga ayaa noqotay xoogga ugu weyn gobolka. [[Philip II of Macedon|Philip II]] wuxuu mideeyay ama hoos keenay magaalooyin badan oo Giriig ah. Wiilkiisii [[Alexander the Great|Alexander Weyn]] wuxuu qabsaday Boqortooyadii Faaris, wuxuuna dhisay imbaraadooriyad ballaaran oo ka fidsan Giriigga ilaa Masar, Mesopotamia, Faaris iyo qaybo ka mid ah Hindiya.

Kadib geeridii Alexander, boqortooyadiisii way kala qaybsantay. Laakiin dhaqanka Giriigga, Af-Giriigga iyo fikradaha Hellenistic-ka ayaa ku faafay Bariga Mediterranean-ka iyo Bariga Dhexe. Magaalooyin sida Alexandria ee Masar, Antioch iyo Pergamon waxay noqdeen xarumo Giriig-Hellenistic ah oo aqoon iyo ganacsi.

=== Xilligii Roomaanka iyo Byzantine ===
Giriiggu wuxuu galay gacanta Roomaanka qarnigii 2aad ee ka horreeyay dhalashada Ciise. Inkastoo Roomaanku militari ahaan qabsadeen dhulka Giriigga, haddana dhaqanka Giriiggu wuxuu si weyn u saameeyay Rooma. Luqadda Giriigga waxay sii ahayd luqad aqooneed, ganacsi iyo dhaqan oo aad muhiim u ah Bariga Mediterranean-ka.

Markii Boqortooyadii Roomaanka u kala janjeertay bari iyo galbeed, Giriiggu wuxuu noqday qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah Boqortooyadii Roomaanka Bari, oo badanaa loo yaqaan [[Byzantine Empire|Boqortooyadii Byzantine]]. Constantinople, oo maanta ah Istanbul, waxay ahayd xarunta boqortooyadaas. Af-Giriiggu wuxuu noqday luqadda ugu muhiimsan ee maamulka, diinta iyo suugaanta Byzantine-ka.

Byzantine-ku wuxuu Giriigga ku reebay dhaxal diimeed iyo farshaxan oo weyn, gaar ahaan kaniisadaha Orthodox-ka, mosaics, monasteries iyo farshaxanka Christian-ka Bari.

=== Xukunkii Cusmaaniyiinta iyo xilligii Venetian ===
Kadib hoos u dhicii Byzantine-ka, qaybo badan oo Giriigga ah waxaa qabsaday [[Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta]]. Qabsashadu waxay u dhacday si tartiib ah, gobolba gobol, laga bilaabo qarniyadii 14aad iyo 15aad. Qaar ka mid ah jasiiradaha iyo magaalooyinka xeebaha, gaar ahaan Ionian Islands iyo qaybo ka mid ah Aegean, waxay muddo hoos imanayeen Venice ama quwado kale oo Mediterranean ah.

Intii uu socday xukunka Cusmaaniyiinta, Kaniisadda Orthodox-ka Giriiggu waxay ahayd hay'ad muhiim ah oo ilaalisay aqoonsiga diimeed iyo dhaqameed ee dad badan oo Giriig ah. Isla xilligaas, ganacsatada, culimada iyo bulshada Giriigga ee dibadda joogtay waxay door ku lahaayeen dib-u-soo nooleynta fikradaha qaranimo.

=== Dagaalkii madax-bannaanida ===
Dagaalkii madax-bannaanida Giriigga wuxuu billowday 1821. Kacdoonka Giriigga wuxuu ka dhacay dhulal kala duwan, waxaana ka qayb qaatay jabhado, hoggaamiyeyaal maxalli ah, culimo, ganacsato iyo jaaliyado Giriig ah oo dibadda joogay. Dagaalku wuxuu soo jiitay taageero ka timid dad badan oo Yurub ah oo u arkayay Giriigga ilbaxnimada classical-ka.

Kadib dagaal dheer iyo faragelin dibadeed, madaxbannaanida Giriigga waxaa si rasmi ah loo aqoonsaday 1830. Giriigga cusub wuxuu markii hore ahaa boqortooyo yar oo ku kooban qaybo ka mid ah dhulka maanta loo yaqaan Giriigga. Qarnigii 19aad iyo bilowgii qarnigii 20aad, dhulal kale ayaa lagu daray dawladda Giriigga.

=== Giriigga casriga ah ===
Qarnigii 20aad Giriiggu wuxuu la kulmay dagaallo, isbeddello siyaasadeed iyo dhibaatooyin waaweyn. Dagaalladii Balkan-ka ee 1912–1913 ayaa kordhiyay dhulka Giriigga, gaar ahaan Macedonia, Epirus iyo jasiirado badan. Dagaalkii Giriigga iyo Turkiga ee 1919–1922 wuxuu ku dhammaaday masiibo iyo is-weydaarsi dadweyne oo ballaaran oo dhex maray Giriigga iyo Turkiga.

Intii lagu jiray [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]], Giriigga waxaa weeraray Talyaaniga 1940. Ciidanka Giriiggu wuxuu markii hore jebiyay weerarkii Talyaaniga, laakiin 1941 Jarmalkii Nazi-ga ayaa qabsaday dalka. Xilligii qabsashada waxaa dhacay gaajo, burbur iyo iska caabin xoog leh. Kadib dagaalka waxaa dhacay dagaal sokeeye oo u dhexeeyay xoogag shuuci ah iyo dowladda taageerada reer galbeedka heshay, kaas oo socday 1946–1949.

1967 waxaa xukunka la wareegay talis militari oo loo yaqaanay Junta-da Giriigga. Taliskaas wuxuu socday ilaa 1974. Kadib dhicitaankii junta-da, waxaa la aas aasay Jamhuuriyadda Saddexaad, waxaana 1975 la ansixiyay dastuurka casriga ah ee Giriigga.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Constitution |url=https://www.hellenicparliament.gr/en/vouli-ton-ellinon/to-politevma/syntagma/ |publisher=Hellenic Parliament |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Giriiggu wuxuu ku biiray [[Midowga Yurub]] 1981, wuxuuna qaatay lacagta [[yuuro]] 2001.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

== Dowladda iyo siyaasadda ==
Giriiggu waa jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah. Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda waa madaxa qaranka, waxaana doorta Baarlamaanka. Ra'iisul Wasaaruhu waa madaxa xukuumadda, isaga ayaana leh awoodda siyaasadeed ee ugu weyn ee maamulka maalinlaha ah. Dowladda Giriigga waxay ka kooban tahay Ra'iisul Wasaaraha, wasiirrada, wasiir ku-xigeennada iyo xubnaha kale ee Golaha Wasiirrada.&lt;ref name=&quot;MFAgov&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Government and Politics |url=https://www.mfa.gr/switzerland/en/about-greece/government-and-politics/ |publisher=Hellenic Republic – Ministry of Foreign Affairs |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Baarlamaanka Giriigga, oo loo yaqaan ''Vouli ton Ellinon'', waa gole hal-aqal ah. Wuxuu sameeyaa sharciyada, wuxuuna kormeeraa xukuumadda. Doorashooyinka baarlamaanka ayaa muhiim u ah samaynta xukuumadda, maadaama hoggaamiyaha xisbiga ama isbahaysiga hela kalsoonida baarlamaanka loo magacaabo Ra'iisul Wasaare.

Madaxweynaha hadda waa [[Konstantinos Tasoulas]], oo ay Baarlamaanku doorteen 12 Febraayo 2025, xilkaasna la wareegay 13 Maarso 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;President&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Πρόεδρος |url=https://www.presidency.gr/proedros/ |publisher=Presidency of the Hellenic Republic |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ra'iisul Wasaaraha hadda waa [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]], oo hoggaamiya xukuumadda Giriigga.&lt;ref name=&quot;PM&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic |url=https://www.primeminister.gr/en/home |publisher=Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dastuurka ==
Dastuurka Giriigga ee hadda jira wuxuu ka yimid 1975, kadib soo noqoshadii dimuqraadiyadda. Waxaa dib loo eegay dhowr jeer, waxaana Hellenic Parliament-ku daabacay nuqulkii dib loo eegay ee 2019.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot; /&gt;

Dastuurku wuxuu qeexayaa Giriigga inuu yahay jamhuuriyad baarlamaani ah, wuxuuna dhigaa in awoodda qaranku ka timaaddo shacabka. Wuxuu ilaalinayaa xuquuqda muwaadiniinta, kala soocidda awoodaha, madaxbannaanida garsoorka, xorriyadda diinta, xorriyadda hadalka iyo nidaamka baarlamaanka.

== Qaybaha maamulka ==
Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay 13 gobol maamul, kuwaas oo loo yaqaan ''peripheries''. Dastuurka iyo nidaamka maamulka dalka waxay ku dhisan yihiin mabda'a kala-daadejinta maamulka. Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibadda ee Giriiggu waxay sheegtaa in dalka uu ka kooban yahay 13 gobol maamul.&lt;ref name=&quot;regions&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Regional Administration |url=https://www.mfa.gr/brussels/en/about-greece/government-and-politics/regional-administration.html |publisher=Hellenic Republic – Ministry of Foreign Affairs |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gobollada maamulka Giriigga waa:

* [[Attica]]
* [[Central Greece]]
* [[Central Macedonia]]
* [[Crete]]
* [[Eastern Macedonia and Thrace]]
* [[Epirus]]
* [[Ionian Islands]]
* [[North Aegean]]
* [[Peloponnese]]
* [[South Aegean]]
* [[Thessaly]]
* [[Western Greece]]
* [[Western Macedonia]]

Waxaa sidoo kale jira [[Mount Athos]], oo leh maqaam gaar ah oo ismaamul diimeed ah. Mount Athos waa dhul monastic Orthodox ah oo ku yaalla waqooyiga Giriigga, waxaana uu leeyahay nidaam gaar ah oo taariikhi ah.

== Xiriirka dibadda ==
Giriiggu wuxuu ku yaallaa meel istaraatiiji ah oo u dhaxaysa Balkans, Bariga Mediterranean-ka, Badda Madow iyo Bariga Dhexe. Sidaas darteed, siyaasaddiisa dibadda waxaa saameeya arrimaha Midowga Yurub, NATO, xiriirka Turkiga, Cyprus, Balkans, socdaalka, tamarta iyo ammaanka badda.

Giriiggu wuxuu xubin ka yahay [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[Midowga Yurub]], [[NATO]], [[OECD]], [[WTO]], [[IMF]], [[Bankiga Adduunka]] iyo ururo kale. Wuxuu ka mid yahay dalalka muhiimka ah ee Mediterranean-ka, wuxuuna xiriir taariikhi ah iyo dhaqan la leeyahay [[Qubrus]], Balkans, Bariga Dhexe iyo jaaliyadaha Giriigga ee dunida.

== Ciidanka ==
Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay ciidan ka kooban ciidanka dhulka, ciidanka badda iyo ciidanka cirka. Sababo juqraafi iyo amni awgood, difaaca badda iyo cirka ayaa muhiimad gaar ah u leh Giriigga. Dalka wuxuu xubin ka yahay NATO tan iyo 1952.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

Ciidamada Giriiggu waxay door ku leeyihiin ilaalinta xuduudaha, badda Aegean, hawlgallada NATO iyo hawlgallada caalamiga ah ee nabad-ilaalinta.

== Dhaqaale ==
Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay dhaqaale horumarsan oo ku tiirsan adeegyada, dalxiiska, maraakiibta, ganacsiga, beeraha, tamarta, dhismaha iyo warshado qaarkood. Maadaama uu ka tirsan yahay aagga euro-da, lacagta dalka waa [[yuuro]].&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

Dhaqaalaha Giriigga wuxuu si weyn u saameeyay xiisaddii deynta ee bilowday dabayaaqadii 2000-meeyadii. Xilligaas waxaa dhacay hoos-u-dhac dhaqaale, shaqo la'aan badan, barnaamijyo deyn-bixin iyo tallaabooyin dhaqaale oo adag. Sanadihii dambe, dhaqaalaha Giriigga wuxuu muujiyay soo kabasho, inkastoo arrimo sida deynta qaranka, mushaharka, qiimaha guryaha, tirada dadka oo yaraata iyo ka qaybgalka shaqada ay weli yihiin caqabado muhiim ah.

== Maraakiibta iyo ganacsiga badda ==
Maraakiibtu waa qayb aad muhiim ugu ah dhaqaalaha iyo aqoonsiga Giriigga. Ganacsatada badda ee Giriiggu waxay muddo dheer door weyn ku lahaayeen gaadiidka caalamiga ah ee badda. Union of Greek Shipowners waxay sheegtay in maraakiibta Giriigga la xiriirta ay gaarayaan 5,691 markab, isla markaana ay ku dhow yihiin 20% awoodda adduunka ee deadweight tonnage, taas oo Giriigga ka dhigaysa mid ka mid ah dalalka ugu waaweyn ee leh maraakiib ganacsi.&lt;ref name=&quot;UGS&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Greek shipping and the economy |url=https://ugs.gr/en/ |publisher=Union of Greek Shipowners |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dekedaha waaweyn sida [[Piraeus]], [[Thessaloniki]] iyo Patras waxay door muhiim ah ku leeyihiin ganacsiga, rakaabka, dalxiiska iyo isku xirka jasiiradaha.

== Dalxiis ==
Dalxiisku waa mid ka mid ah tiirarka ugu muhiimsan dhaqaalaha Giriigga. Dadka booqda dalka waxay u yimaadaan taariikhda qadiimiga ah, jasiiradaha, xeebaha, cuntada, kaniisadaha, monasteries, buuraha, magaalooyinka iyo dhaqanka Mediterranean-ka.

Meelaha ugu caansan dalxiiska waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Acropolis of Athens|Acropolis-ka Atina]]
* [[Delphi]]
* [[Olympia]]
* [[Meteora]]
* [[Santorini]]
* [[Mykonos]]
* [[Crete]]
* [[Rhodes]]
* [[Corfu]]
* [[Thessaloniki]]
* [[Epidaurus]]
* [[Mycenae]]
* [[Mount Athos]]

Bank of Greece waxay sheegtay in 2025 travel receipts-ku gaareen €23.626 bilyan, halka inbound traveller flows-ku kordheen 5.6% sanadkaas.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoGtourism&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Developments in the balance of travel services: December 2025 |url=https://www.bankofgreece.gr/en/news-and-media/press-office/news-list/news?announcement=8b98e553-4142-4291-9d5e-640d14f3bbcb |publisher=Bank of Greece |date=24 February 2026 |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Beeraha iyo cuntada ==
Beeraha Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay taariikh dheer oo ku xiran cimilada Mediterranean-ka. Waxyaabaha muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah saytuunka, saliidda saytuunka, canabka, khamriga, qamadiga, liinta, qudaarta, lawska, malabka, farmaajada iyo kalluunka. Dalka wuxuu caan ku yahay saliidda saytuunka iyo cuntooyinka ku salaysan khudradda, digirta, kalluunka, hilibka, caanaha iyo dhir udgoon.

Cuntada Giriigga waxaa ka mid ah souvlaki, moussaka, horiatiki ama Greek salad, feta, tzatziki, dolma, gyros, spanakopita, baklava iyo cuntooyin badan oo gobol kasta u gaar ah. Cuntada Giriiggu waxay xiriir la leedahay cuntooyinka Mediterranean-ka iyo Balkans-ka.

== Dadka ==
ELSTAT waxay qiyaastay in dadka deggan Giriigga ay ahaayeen 10,372,335 qof 1 Janaayo 2025. Tiradaas waxaa ka mid ahaa 5,094,094 rag ah iyo 5,278,241 dumar ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;ELSTATpop&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Data on Estimated Population (1.1.2025) – Migration Flows (2024) |url=https://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/d8439ad7-d043-2235-f4b4-8466c3c9cd56 |publisher=Hellenic Statistical Authority |date=18 December 2025 |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dadka Giriigga badankood waxay ku nool yihiin magaalooyin. Aagga Atina waa kan ugu dadka badan uguna dhaqaale weyn dalka. Thessaloniki waa magaalada labaad ee ugu weyn, waana xarun muhiim ah oo ku taal waqooyiga Giriigga.

Giriiggu wuxuu la kulmaa caqabado dadweyne oo waaweyn, sida dhalmo hoose, gabowga dadka iyo guuritaan dhalinyaro oo dhacay xilligii xiisadda dhaqaalaha. ELSTAT waxay sheegtay in dadka da'doodu tahay 65 sano iyo ka badan ay ahaayeen 23.7% dadweynaha 1 Janaayo 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;ELSTATpop&quot; /&gt;

== Luqadaha ==
Luqadda rasmiga ah ee dalka waa [[Af-Giriig]]. Af-Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay taariikh qoraal oo aad u dheer, laga bilaabo Giriiggii hore ilaa Giriigga casriga ah. Luqaddu waxay saameyn weyn ku yeelatay cilmiga, falsafadda, diinta, caafimaadka, xisaabta, sayniska iyo eray-bixinta luqado badan oo Yurub ah.

Giriigga casriga ah waa luqadda maamulka, waxbarashada, warbaahinta iyo nolosha guud ee dalka. Waxaa sidoo kale dalka laga helaa luqado kale oo ay ku hadlaan bulshooyin kala duwan, sida Albanian, Turkish, Macedonian/Slavic dialects, Romani, Aromanian iyo luqado ay la yimaadeen muhaajiriin cusub.

== Diinta ==
Diinta ugu saameynta badan ee Giriigga waa [[Kaniisadda Orthodox-ka Bari]], gaar ahaan Kaniisadda Orthodox-ka Giriigga. Kaniisaddu waxay door weyn ku lahayd taariikhda, dhaqanka, xafladaha iyo aqoonsiga qaranka ee Giriigga. Dastuurka Giriiggu wuxuu aqoonsan yahay kaalinta taariikhiga ah ee Orthodox-ka, isla markaana wuxuu ilaaliyaa xorriyadda diinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;constitution&quot; /&gt;

Waxaa sidoo kale dalka ku nool Muslimiin, Kaatoolig, Protestant-yo, Yuhuud, dad aan diin lahayn iyo bulshooyin kale. Muslimiinta Giriigga waxaa taariikh ahaan si gaar ah looga helaa Thrace, halka magaalooyinka waaweyn ay leeyihiin bulshooyin muhaajiriin ah oo kala duwan.

== Waxbarasho iyo cilmi ==
Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay dhaqan waxbarasho oo aad u dheer. Giriiggii hore wuxuu dunida ku reebay falsafad, xisaab, saynis, caafimaad, taariikh-qoris iyo fikrado siyaasadeed. Plato wuxuu aas aasay Academy-ga Atina, Aristotle-na Lyceum-ka, kuwaas oo saameyn weyn ku yeeshay waxbarashada reer galbeedka.

Giriigga casriga ah wuxuu leeyahay jaamacado iyo machadyo cilmiyeed, sida National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Technical University of Athens iyo jaamacado kale. Waxbarashada sare waxay door ka ciyaartaa cilmi-baarista, injineernimada, caafimaadka, dhaqaalaha, badda, qadiimiga iyo cilmiga bulshada.

== Dhaqan ==
Dhaqanka Giriigga wuxuu isku daraa dhaxal qadiimi ah, Byzantine, Orthodox, Mediterranean iyo Balkanic. Qoyska, diinta, cunto-wadaagga, muusigga, qoob-ka-ciyaarka, martigelinta iyo xafladaha ayaa muhiim u ah nolosha bulshada.

Giriiggu wuxuu caan ku yahay suugaanta, falsafadda, farshaxanka, masraxa, heesaha, dhaqanka badda, cuntooyinka Mediterranean-ka iyo xafladaha diimeed. Magaalooyinka iyo tuulooyinka dalka waxay leeyihiin kaniisado, suuqyo, fagaarayaal, guryo cadcad oo jasiiradeed, dhismooyin neoclassical ah iyo goobaha qadiimiga ah.

== Suugaan iyo falsafad ==
Suugaanta Giriigga waxay ka mid tahay kuwa ugu da'da weyn uguna saameynta badan dunida. Homer, oo loo nisbeeyo ''Iliad'' iyo ''Odyssey'', wuxuu door weyn ku leeyahay xusuusta suugaanta Giriigga. Qorayaasha masraxa sida Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides iyo Aristophanes waxay aasaas u noqdeen tragedy iyo comedy reer galbeed.

Falsafadda Giriigga waxaa caan ka dhigay Socrates, Plato iyo Aristotle. Fikradahooda ku saabsan anshaxa, siyaasadda, aqoonta, cilmiga, metaphysics-ka iyo suugaanta waxay si weyn u saameeyeen Yurub, dunida Islaamka, Renaissance-ka iyo fikirka casriga ah.

== Farshaxan iyo naqshad-dhismeed ==
Farshaxanka Giriigga wuxuu caan ku yahay tiirar, macbudyo, taallooyin, dhoobo rinji leh, mosaics iyo naqshad-dhismeedyo qadiimi ah. Parthenon-ka ku yaalla Acropolis-ka Atina waa mid ka mid ah astaamaha ugu caansan farshaxanka iyo naqshadda Giriiggii classical-ka ahaa.

Xilligii Byzantine-ka waxaa xoogaystay farshaxanka kaniisadaha, icons, mosaics iyo monasteries. Meelo sida Thessaloniki, Mount Athos, Meteora iyo Mystras waxay muujinayaan dhaxalka Byzantine-ka iyo Orthodox-ka.

== Muusig iyo ciyaar dhaqameed ==
Muusigga Giriigga wuxuu leeyahay noocyo badan, laga bilaabo heesaha dhaqanka ee gobollada ilaa rebetiko, laiko iyo muusig casri ah. Qalabka sida bouzouki, lyra iyo clarinet ayaa ka muuqda muusigga dhaqanka iyo kan magaalooyinka.

Qoob-ka-ciyaarka dhaqanka, sida sirtaki, kalamatianos iyo hasapiko, wuxuu qayb ka yahay xafladaha, aroosyada iyo munaasabadaha bulshada.

== Hidaha UNESCO ==
Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay goobo badan oo ku jira liiska [[UNESCO World Heritage Site|Dhaxalka Adduunka ee UNESCO]]. Goobahaas waxaa ka mid ah Acropolis-ka Atina, Delphi, Olympia, Mycenae iyo Tiryns, Delos, Epidaurus, Meteora, Mount Athos, Mystras, Rhodes, Corfu, Thessaloniki Byzantine monuments, iyo Minoan Palatial Centres.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Greece – UNESCO World Heritage Convention |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gr |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Goobahani waxay muujinayaan dhaxalka Giriigga laga bilaabo ilbaxnimadii Bronze Age, Giriiggii classical-ka, xilligii Hellenistic-ka, Roomaanka, Byzantine-ka iyo qarniyadii dhexe.

== Ciyaaraha ==
Giriiggu wuxuu leeyahay xiriir gaar ah oo la leh ciyaaraha, maadaama [[Ciyaaraha Olombikada]] ay ka bilowdeen Olympia ee Giriiggii hore. Ciyaarihii Olombikada casriga ahaa ee ugu horreeyay waxaa lagu qabtay Atina 1896, halka Atina mar kale martigelisay Olombikada 2004.

Kubadda cagta waa ciyaarta ugu caansan dalka. Giriiggu wuxuu ku guuleystay UEFA Euro 2004, taas oo loo arko mid ka mid ah guulaha ciyaareed ee ugu waaweyn taariikhda dalka. Kubbadda koleyga sidoo kale aad baa looga jecel yahay, waxaana Giriiggu leeyahay kooxo iyo ciyaartoy caan ah oo heer Yurub iyo caalami ah.

Ciyaaraha kale ee dalka laga jecel yahay waxaa ka mid ah volleyball, water polo, tennis, orodka, dabaasha, doon wadista iyo ciyaaraha badda.

== Magaalooyin waaweyn ==
Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ama ugu muhiimsan Giriigga waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Athens|Atina]] – caasimadda, xarunta siyaasadda, dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka
* [[Thessaloniki]] – magaalada labaad ee ugu weyn, xarun muhiim ah oo waqooyiga dalka ah
* [[Patras]] – deked muhiim ah oo ku taalla galbeedka Giriigga
* [[Heraklion]] – magaalada ugu weyn Crete
* [[Larissa]] – xarun muhiim ah oo ku taalla Thessaly
* [[Volos]] – magaalo deked ah oo ku taal bartamaha Giriigga
* [[Ioannina]] – xarun taariikhi ah oo ku taalla Epirus
* [[Chania]] – magaalo taariikhi ah oo ku taalla Crete
* [[Rhodes]] – magaalo iyo jasiirad caan ah oo ku taal Dodecanese
* [[Kalamata]] – magaalo ku taal Peloponnese, caan ku ah saytuunka

== Xubin ka ahaansho ==
Giriiggu wuxuu xubin ka yahay ururo badan oo caalami ah, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin:

* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[NATO]]
* [[OECD]]
* [[WTO]]
* [[IMF]]
* [[Bankiga Adduunka]]
* [[Golaha Yurub]]
* [[Schengen Area]]
* [[Eurozone]]

== Sidoo kale fiiri ==
* [[Athens|Atina]]
* [[Af-Giriig]]
* [[Giriiggii hore]]
* [[Byzantine Empire]]
* [[Ciyaaraha Olombikada]]
* [[Alexander the Great]]
* [[Socrates]]
* [[Plato]]
* [[Aristotle]]
* [[Acropolis of Athens]]
* [[Crete]]
* [[Meteora]]
* [[Mount Athos]]
* [[Badda Aegean]]
* [[Badda Mediterranean-ka]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Yurub}}

[[Category:Giriigga]]
[[Category:Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka Midowga Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka NATO]]
[[Category:Dalalka Balkans]]
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    <title>Jaamacada Carabta</title>
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|native_name                   = Jaamcada(Wddmd)Carabta&lt;Br/&gt;'':.جامعة الدول العربية'' 
|conventional_long_name        = Arabic Language States’&lt;/&gt;.:
|common_name                   = Arabic Language States:.
Midowga Ummadda Carabta:
|qaaradda                      = [[Afrika]],[[Aasiya]] &amp;[[]] 
|sawir_calan                   = Flag of the League of Arab States.svg
|sawir_qaran                   = Emblem of the Arab League.svg
|image_map                     = 
|astaan_calan                  = Arab League States'&quot; (orthographic projection).svg
|image_map                     = League of Arab States.png
File:Map of League of Arab States countries.png
|caasimadda                    = [[Qaahiro]]: [[Baqdaad]]: &amp;[[Dooxa]]:.:!!`?'!!’
|luuqadaha                     = [[Carabi|Af-Carabi]].:([[Af-Kurdish]]).:[[Af-Ingiriis]]; &amp;[[Turki]]; &amp; [[Af-Urdu]]; &amp; [[Af-Faarisi]].::•
|-
|caasimada                     = [[Qaahiro]]:; [[Madiina]]: [[Baqdaad]]: &amp; [[Dooxa]].:•!!
|-
|GDP_PPP= $35.177’ Trillions’
(€29,357’ trillions)
* ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|4th]])
|GDP_PPP_year = (2025* Est.)
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $29,947.00’
|GDP_nominal = &quot;$23.957&quot;-$19.453’ Trillions’
|GDP_nominal_year = 2025
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $24,459.00.!!’
|Gini_year = 
|Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
|Gini = &lt;!--number only--&gt;
|Gini_ref =          
|Dawladda                      = [[Dalalka jaamcada carabta]]
|-
|darajo_hogaamiye1             = 
[[Madaxweynaha]]:([[Sacuudi Carabiya]]):[[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]]
|magac_hogaamiye1          =
|-
|darajo_hogaamiye2             = 
[[Xoghayaha Guud]]:[[Masar]]:
[[Imaaraadka Carabta]]: 
|magac_hogaamiye2            =
DR.(MR.).: Ahmed Aboul Gheit _* 
|MR. Syd. Gamal Abdel Nasser_*
|MR. Syd. M. Husny MUBARAK _* 
|-  
|darajo_hogaamiye3         =  [[Gudoomiye]]:
[[Ciraaq]]:-)
|magac_hogaamiye3             =
(fm)MR. SADDAM HUSSAIN*.(A.M.A.)Al-Tikriti._*
MR.Zine El Abidine “Ben ALI3”._*
|-
|darajo_hogaamiye4             =  [[Guddoomiye Kuxigeen]]:
[[Aljeeriya]]:-)
[[Marooko]]:-)

|magac_hogaamiye4             = 
MR.Prof. Abdelaziz B.TEFLIKHA_* 
MR.Syd. AlI3 A. SALEH (Al’A’Fmly.!)_*
|-
|sovereignty_type            = 
'''Ka xoroobey''':
|sovereignty_note            = 
|[[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]]''':

 '''[[Dawlada Cosmaniya]]''' &amp;
'''[[Faransiiska]]''': .:`~`
|-
|established_event1            = 
|established_date1             =
|area                          = 13,953,041`*
|areami²                       = 5,382,910`*
|biyo                          = 
|population_estimate           =455-425*Million&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;
|population_estimate_year      = 2022-2025*
|lacagta                       =  
|Magaca internetka             = &amp;nbsp;
|wakhti                        = [[(UTC+0 to +4)]]
|furaha_debedda		           = 
|furaha internetka             = Ir,Is,&amp; tr.!!'?
|furaha telefonka              = +
}}

&lt;ref&gt;https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/arab-countries.html&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

'''Jaamacada Carabta''' ama '''Dowladda Jaamacadda Carabta''' waa urur kulmiya wadamada carabta.Waa urur kulmiya wadamo kuyaala [[Afrika]] iyo  [[Aasiya]]  xubnaha kujira waxaa looyaqaana dawldo caraba.waa dawlado wadaaga arimo dhaqaale iyo arimo siyaasadeed. waxaana ka dhexeeya xidhiidho aad iyo aad ubadan
Wadamada xubnaha ka ah Jaamacadda Carabta waxay daboolayaan in ka badan 13,000,000 km2 (5,000,000 sq m) iyo waliba laba qaaradood oo kala duwan: Afrika iyo Aasiya.

Goobtaasi waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegalka duurka, sida Sahara. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale ku jira dhulal badan oo aad u sarreeya sida Dooxada Nile, Dooxada Jubba iyo Dooxada Shebelle ee [[Geeska Afrika]], Buuraleyda Atlas ee Maghreb, iyo Bariiska Fertile ee sii fidiya Mesopotamia iyo Levant. Aagga ayaa ka kooban kaymo qoto dheer oo ku yaal koonfurta Carabta iyo qaybo ka mid ah webiga ugu dheer dunida, Niilka.

Qowmiyad-kala-duwan, diini ah, iyo luuqado badan. Diin-badan, Luuqado badan, &amp; Qowmiyado kala duwan.Luuqadaha badan, Qowmiyadaha kala duwan, &amp; Diimaha badan; oo macneheedu yahay Dhaqamada kala duwan ee wayn.

Jaartarka Jaamacadda Carabta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Heshiiska Jaamacadda Carabta, ayaa ah heshiiskii aasaasay ee Jaamacadda Carabta. 1945-kii la aqbalay, waxa uu dhigayaa in &quot;Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu uu ka kooban yahay Dawladaha Carbeed ee madaxbannaan oo saxiixay Heshiiskan.&quot;.
Markii hore, 1945, waxaa jiray lix xubnood oo keliya. Maanta, Jaamacadda Carabta waxay leedahay 22 xubnood, oo ay ka mid yihiin saddex dal oo Afrikaan ah oo ka kala yimi qaybaha ugu waaweyn (Sudan, Algeria iyo Liibiya) iyo waddanka ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe (Sacuudi Carabiya).
Shan waddan waxay leeyihiin xaalad kormeeree oo xaq u siinaya inay muujiyaan ra'yigooda oo ay bixiyaan talo laakiin waxay diidaan xuquuqda codbixinta. 
[[Jaamacadda Carab]] tu waxay u qaybsantaa shan qaybood marka ay timaado gaadiidka, jasiiradda Carabta iyo Bariga dhow ayaa si buuxda ugu xiran hawada, badda, waddooyinka iyo tareenada. Qeyb kale oo ka mid ah League waa dooxada Niil, oo ka kooban Masar iyo Suudaan. Labadan dawladood waxay bilaabeen inay hagaajiyaan nidaamka Nile Nile ee habka safarka si loo wanaajiyo helitaanka iyo sida ganacsi loo korsado. Nidaamka tareenada cusub ayaa sidoo kale lagu wadaa inuu ku xiro magaalada koonfurta Masar ee Abu Simbel iyo waqooyiga Suudaan ee Wadi Halfa iyo ka dibna Khartoum iyo Port Sudan. Qaybta saddexaad ee horyaalka waa Maghreb, halkaas oo 3,000 km oo gawaarida gawaarida ah ay ka socdaan magaalooyinka koonfurta ee Morocco ilaa Tripoli oo ku yaala galbeedka Libya. Qaybta afaraad ee horyaalka waa Geeska Afrika, oo wadamada xubnaha ka ah ay ka mid yihiin Jabuuti iyo Soomaaliya. Labadan dawladood ee Carabta ayaa kala qaybiyay kaliya toban mayl u jirta jasiiradda Carabta ee Bab el Mandeb, taasina si dhakhso ah ayay isu bedeshaa, sida Tarik bin Laden, oo ah walaalkii Osama bin Laden, oo bilaabay dhisidda mashruuc ballaadhan ee mashruuca Horn Horns , kaas oo ugu dambeyntii ujeedkiisu yahay inuu ku xiro Geeska Afrika oo leh Jasiiradda Carabta adoo adeegsanaya buundo weyn. Mashruucan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu fududeeyo oo la dedejiyo ganacsiga iyo ganacsiga qarniyadii hore ee u dhexeeyay labada gobol. Qaybta ugu dambeysa ee horyaalka waa jasiiradda go'doomin ee Comoros, taas oo aan ku xirnayn dawlad kale oo Carbeed ah, laakiin wali waxay la shaqaysaa xubnaha kale ee Arabic Languages.

Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay hodan ku tahay khayraadka, sida saliid weyn iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dalalka xubnaha ka ah. Warshad kale oo si joogta ah u sii kordhaysa ee Jaamacadda Carabtu waa isgaarsiin. 

Muddo ka yar 10 sano, shirkadaha maxaliga ah sida Orascom iyo Etisalat waxay ku guuleysteen inay tartan caalami ah sameeyaan.
Horumarka dhaqaale ee ay bilowday Ururka Iskaashatada Wadamada xubnaha ka ah ayaa ka qosol badan kuwii ka soo baxay ururada yar yar ee Carabta sida Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC).

Waxaa ka mid ah Pipeline Arab Pipeline, kaas oo gaas Masar iyo Ciraaq geyn doona [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], Lubnaan, iyo Palestine; Laga soo bilaabo 2013.:• isbeddel muuqda oo ka dhexeeya xaaladaha dhaqaale ayaa ka dhexeeya dalalka saliida ee saliida ee [[Algeria]], [[Qatar]], [[Kuwait]] iyo [[United Arab Emirates]], iyo dalalka soo koraya sida [[Comoros]], [[Jabuuti]], [[Mauritania]], [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Eratareya]] dda.!!

Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu waa urur siyaasadeed oo isku daya in uu gacan ka geysto sidii loo xoojin lahaa xubnaheeda dhaqaale ahaan, iyo xallinta khilaafaadka ku lug leh dalalka xubnaha ka ah adoon weydiisan kaalmo shisheeye. Waxay leedahay lahjado xubin baarlamaan ah oo wakiil ka ah arrimaha arrimaha dibedda sida badan waxaa lagu maareyn doonaa kormeerka QM.!!'?

Jaangooyada Jaamacadda Carabta [5] waxay taageertay mabda'a dhulkii Carabta iyada oo la ixtiraamayo xushmadnimada dawladaha xubnaha ka ah. Xeerarka gudaha ee Golaha Jaamacadda [20] iyo guddiyada [21] waxay ku heshiiyeen Oktoobar 1951. Xoghaynta Guud waxaa lagu heshiiyay May 1953.

Tan iyo markaas, maamulka Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay ku saleysnaayeen labadii hay'adood ee heer qaran iyo madax-bannaanida wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Ilaalinta dawladnimada shakhsi ahaaneed waxay ka heshay awoodeeda ka soo jeeda dabiiciga dabiiciga ah ee awooda xukunka ah si ay u ilaaliyaan awooddooda iyo madax-bannaanida go'aaminta. Intaa waxaa dheer, cabsida hodanka ah ee saboolka ah ee saboolka ah inuu la wadaagi karo hantidiisa magaca Ummadda Carabta, khilaafyada ka dhexeeya madaxda Carabta, iyo saamaynta awoodaha dibadda ee laga yaabo inay ka soo horjeedaan midnimada Carabta ayaa loo arki karaa caqabado dhinaca isdhexgalka qoto dheer ee horyaal .

[[File:Camel factory Nablus December 2008.JPG|thumb|right|395px|Nablu, Palestine]]

[[File:Raouda.JPG|thumb|right|View from the western side of the Hujra, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]]
[[File:Burial of Muhammad.jpg|thumb|right|Wall of the Burial of the Prophet Muhammed (PBHM),[[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]]
[[File:World Heritage Sites in the Arab World]]

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editing
Disambiguate RTL.svg The term &quot;Arab&quot; redirects here. For the entry dealing with the island in the Persian Gulf, see Arab (island) .
Arab Muslims
Arabs &amp; Muslims
Al-Khansaa, Al-Khandi, Yohanan of Damascus, Philip the Arab, May Ziada, Asmahan, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Faisal the First
Al-Khansaa , Al-Khandi , Yohanan of Damascus , Philip the Arab , May Ziada , Asmahan , Gamal Abdel Nasser , Faisal the First
population
425 million
Main population concentrations
Arab countries
some of the African
countries see also: [[Israeli Arabs]]
Languages:
Arabic:
religion:
Islam:
Christianity:
Druze religion:
related ethnic groups:
Celestial peoples:
[[Maltese]] , [[Jews]] , [[Samaritans]] and [[Assyrians]].!!'.!!’

Distribution of the Arabic language :
  A single official language.!!
  official shared language with the majority of Arab natives.!!
  Official shared language due to significant minorities, history, or cultural reasons.
Arabs are a people of Semitic origin and an ethnic group from the Arabian Peninsula . After the emergence of Islam in the 7th century , the Arab population spread in the Middle East and North Africa in a series of waves of migration, conquest and cultural influence. Countries where the Arabs constitute a clear majority of the population are called &quot; Arab countries &quot;. Today, the name is used as a nickname for the natives of these countries, whose mother tongue is Arabic and the vast majority of them are Muslim (most of them Sunni ).

The most common definitions for the name Arabs in thought and literature, in academic research and in the media, are:

Politically : People who are citizens of countries that are members of the Arab League (or in a broader generalization, the Arab world), but not all Arab countries are members of the Arab League and these countries also have non-Arab citizens. This definition includes over 300-450 million people. The Arab Leagues includes several African countries, such as Djibouti , Comoros and Somalia , whose Arabic is one of their official languages ​​but whose inhabitants are not Arabs at all. And there are Arabs who are not citizens of these countries (for example, in the United States , Israel and European countries).
Linguistic: people whose mother tongue is Arabic , or who at least speak Arabic in their daily and personal lives, even if they did not grow up using it. 

This definition includes over 200 million people who speak different dialects of the Arabic language.
Ethnic - Genealogical - Racial : Humans who live, or whose ancestors lived in the Arabian Peninsula and whose genetic and physical characteristics are originally characterized mainly by the original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula .

Cultural: people who see themselves as Arabs (regardless of ethnic and genealogical origins), whose culture and way of life are Arabs and are recognized as Arabs by others.

The majority of Arabs are Muslims (mostly Sunnis and a minority of Shias’ and members of other minority classes), and a minority of them are Christians , Druze and others.[1]

etymology:
The word &quot;Arab&quot; in this meaning is mentioned in the Bible several times. Thus, for example, the book of Nehemiah mentions the &quot; Arab rain &quot; that some scholars identify with King Kedar .[2]Also in the Book of Kings, &quot;the kings of the evening&quot; are mentioned[3]And it seems that this phrase refers to the rulers of the Arabian Peninsula, with whom King Solomon had trade relations.[4]The word &quot;Arab&quot; also appears in the Bible in the meaning of the inhabitant of the steppe .

In Semitic languages, as a rule, the root A.R.B carries the meanings of: west, sunset (evening), desert (Arab), mix, trade, crow and clear. All or some of them can have a connection to the origin of the name. [ source needed ] It is also possible that the name can have consonants and the origin of the name is actually in the root A.B.R. in connection with their nomadic way of life. [ source required ]

In the Qur'an the word &quot;Arab&quot; does not appear as a noun but only as an adjective, for example, the Qur'an refers to itself as &quot;Arab and clear&quot; when the two attributes are related to each other.

history:
This chapter is lacking. Please contribute to Wikipedia and complete it . You may find details on the conversation page .
BC

The soldiers of the Assyrian Empire defeat &quot;Gindibu, King of Arabia&quot; riding a camel and his soldiers
The first mention of the Arabs in writing is from an Assyrian inscription from 853 BC ( the Necessary Monolith ), in which King Shalmenser III named &quot; Gindibu , King of Arabia&quot; among the rulers he defeated in the Battle of Karkar . Starting from the Assyrian period and following the domestication of the camel, Arab traders played a central role In the trade between the ancient Near East and the Horn of Africa and ancient Yemen .

There is evidence of trade relations of the peoples of the ancient Near East with the kingdoms of the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula, the main commercial relation between them was regarding myrrh and frankincense which were used in the perfume industry and were common in the Arabian Peninsula. An ancient Arabic inscription was found in a building from the days of the First Temple in the City of David , which indicates that a Jewish official who knew the language and had relations with one of the Arab kingdoms of the time lived there.

The Nabataeans migrated in a massive migration at the end of the Persian period from the north of the Arabian Peninsula towards the south of Jordan and the Negev , they conquered and assimilated the remains of the Moabites and the Ammonites and pushed the Adomites north to the south of Mount Hebron in the territories of Judea.:•

After counting:
As a general rule, the great empires of the ancient world did not conquer the Arabian Peninsula, unlike the rest of the Middle East, even the Sasanian Empire , which ruled the eastern and southern coasts of the peninsula, did not reach the interior of the country or the western coastal region where the cities of Mecca and Medina are located - apparently for lack of interest economic in this desert region that cannot sustain fertile agriculture .

Before Muhammad's time , the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were idolaters?, Christians? or Jews? (descendants of Jewish exiles from the Land of Israel and also Arabs who converted under their influence, such as the Kingdom of Hamir ).!!’

The period before Muhammad is called in Islamic literature: &quot;The Age of Ignorance&quot;, or the &quot;Jahiliyyah&quot; . During this period the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were divided into the northern tribes and the southern tribes. The tribal tradition claimed that the people of the north are the descendants of Adnan and Ishmael , while the people of the south are the descendants of a legendary figure named Qahtan .

When there are those who suggest that Kakhatan is Yakattan son of the biblical past.[6]In the Arabian Peninsula , nomadic tribes ( Bedouins ) and permanent tribes lived. The permanent tribes lived in cities or deserts and engaged in agriculture or trade . Unlike them, the nomadic tribes were engaged in escorting caravans that passed through the peninsula. Later there were also Arab groups who became Christians (see: Christian Arabs).

After the rise of Islam and its consolidation in the Arab kingdoms, Muhammad and his army went north towards the territories of the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire , which were in a period of depression and enjoyed a lasting peace between them. Muhammad's ambition to conquer the world known until then was blocked in the territories of the Gulf of Eilat , and although he sent a letter to the Jews of Eilat (the Byzantine &quot;doe&quot;) in which he ordered them to accept his new religion or prepare for their death, it was precisely Muhammad who met his death three years after declaring Islam as The &quot;religion of truth&quot; to control the other nations.

The Arab conquest of the Land of Israel brought the Arabs to the Land of Israel , but they could not defeat the Byzantine Empire and were helped by Jewish collaborators who were tired of life as an oppressed and persecuted religious and cultural minority in their country and fought alongside the Arabs against the continuation of Byzantine rule. 

The Arabs treated the Jews and Christians in the Land of Israel as dhimmis , while the Samaritans , whom Muhammad did not know and therefore did not mention in the Koran as monotheists , were forced to convert to Islam by the force of the sword or die, and when they refused, they almost led to their destruction.

After the Arab conquest of the Middle East , Arabs who migrated from the Arabian Peninsula spread to the occupied space: The [[Levant]] , [[Egypt]] and the [[Maghreb]] Greater countries . 

Later in the course of history, on the one hand, the majority of the conquered peoples began to see themselves as &quot;Arabs&quot; as well, even if it was only a cultural issue due to the Islamization of their country and people without blood ties to the Arab conquerors, and on the other hand, the immigration of Muslim pilgrims of non-Arab origin began The lands that were conquered towards the Arabian Peninsula for religious reasons etc. were assimilated into the local Arab population. The Arab-Muslim conquest also expanded into Europe , with the conquest of Spain by the Moors .!!'?'!

see also
Islam:
Judaism-Islam relations;
Israeli Arabs:
for further reading:
Bernard Lewis , The Arabs in History , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing , 1995.
Albert Hourani , History of the Arab Nations , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing, 1996.
Pierre Vidal-Naka (ed.), From the Arab Conquest to Imperial Islam, in: The History of the World from the Dawn of Mankind to the Present , Tel Aviv: Yediot Ahronoth Publishing; 993,pp. 7-10. aurchive
Forigh Ministry of Saudi Arabia.
Prince Saud Al-Fasiel. House of Al Saud Family….!!’?’…


&lt;Ref&gt;https://stepfeed.com/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

&lt;Ref&gt;
https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-dangerous-countries-for-women&gt;/Ref{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&gt;.:

“… Le saviez-vous ?
Pour les stars du porno gay, être attirant n'a d'importance que dans le porno gay. Dans le porno hétéro, l'attention est presque toujours portée sur la star.…!!’..”

&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-most-beautiful-women
&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://armedforces.eu/compare/country_Arab_League_vs_European_Union_EU&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

December 25, 2017
Special Dispatch No. 7246
     
Iraqi Kurdish leader Masoud Barzani's September 25, 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in Arab countries, as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them.
Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders.


Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October; 2017

 
Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights.

Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title &quot;It Is Not a Conspiracy&quot;: &quot;The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact?

&quot;Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests.

&quot;Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds.

&quot;The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum?

&quot;Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the [[Arab world]]. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of [[Israel]]. ][[Israel]] is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous.

&quot;In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking.&quot;[1]


Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds?

Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: &quot;The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology...

&quot;Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?!

&quot;The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?...

&quot;As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?...

&quot;Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause].

&quot;The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime...&quot;[3]

 
Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved

Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: &quot;The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect...

&quot;Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency.

&quot;While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream...

&quot;ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech...

&quot;The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state.&quot;[6]

 &lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worlddata.info/iq-by-country.php&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

[1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017.
[2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps.

[3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017.

[4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini.

[5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s.

[6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017.


&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.defensenews.com/home/2015/04/01/arab-league-sets-new-defense-force-at-40,000/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized&lt;/Ref&gt;.::•

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

&lt;Ref&gt;https://amnesty.ca/features/5-death-penalty-myths-debunked/&lt;/Ref&gt;.::•

==Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.”==

{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;
|-
! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate
|-
|01.||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]&lt;s&gt;             ||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.192/&gt;.
|-
|02.||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]&lt;s&gt;||93.5&lt;Ref name=p.193/&gt;.
|-
|03.||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]&lt;s&gt;                       ||93.4&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.192&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|04.||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]]                      ||93.4&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;.
|-
|05&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Japan.svg|189px]]&lt;!'&gt;[[Jabaan]]&lt;'!&gt;                        ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;.
|-

|06.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]&lt;!!&gt;[[Qatar]]&lt;s&gt;                         ||93.6&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.191&quot;&gt;[http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf p. 192]&lt;/Ref&gt;.
|-
|07&quot;'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]]                      ||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|08'&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]&lt;s&gt;                       ||91.8&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;.
|-
|09&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]&lt;!'&gt;[[Urdun]]&lt;'!&gt;                        ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|10&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Ciraaq]]&lt;!&gt;                   ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.192/&gt;.
|-
|11&quot;.||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]&lt;S&gt;[[SADR]]&lt;s's!&gt;||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;
|-
|12&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]]                          ||93.4&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;.
|-
|13&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Marooko]]&lt;!'&gt;                ||75.4&lt;Ref name=p.193/&gt;.
|-
|14&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]&lt;s&gt;                ||78.98&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;
|-
|15&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]&lt;'!&gt;[[Libiya]]&lt;!'&gt;                  ||89.4&lt;Ref name=p.193/&gt;.:
|-
|17.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|192px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Bangladesh]]&lt;s'!&gt;               ||93.4&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.192&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|16&quot;.=||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]&lt;!&gt;                       ||89.95&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.192&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|18'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Suudaan]]&lt;!'&gt;             ||69.39&lt;REF name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|19'&quot;.||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Koonfur Suudaan]]&lt;s'?&gt;     ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;
|-
|20.&quot;`.||[[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|193px]]&lt;S'!&gt;[[Yemen]]&lt;s'!&gt;                   ||69.98&lt;REF name=p.189/&gt;.
|-
|21.'&quot;||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]&lt;S!&gt;[[Falastiin]]&lt;s'!&gt;
||69.3&lt;REF name=&quot;p.189&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|22&quot;.||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]&lt;!!&gt;[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]&lt;!&gt;||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;
|-
|23&quot;_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Barunay]]&lt;s'&gt;                   ||75.39&lt;REF name=p.192/&gt;.
|-
|24&quot;.||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Komoros]]&lt;s!&gt;             ||67.23&lt;REF name=p.193/&gt;.:
|-
|25_.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Fiktoria]]&lt;s'!&gt;
||67.57&lt;REF name=p.192/&gt;.:
|-
|26&quot;_.||[[File:Flag of Armenia.svg|191px]]&lt;S'!&gt;[[MILITARY Of '&quot;United Kingdom of Great Britain of N. Ireland;Ausies.!'&amp; NZL; &amp; Canadiens.!'!'(ex.Quebec.!'!'):Argentine ; Brazil;&amp; Français; Mexico;&amp; Italiano.!'!'; Espanayol.!'! &amp; Portugalese.!'!'(United Arab Emirates.!'!.!'!]]&lt;S'!&gt;
||78.69&lt;REF name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|}
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-missions-worldwide.php&lt;/Ref&gt;.::.!'!
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

&lt;Ref&gt;https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&amp;filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&amp;filter-brand-country=&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
&lt;ReF&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-developed-countries-in-africa&lt;/ReF&gt;.:

===Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.!'!”===
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;
|-
! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate
|-
|01.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]&lt;s&gt;             ||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.192/&gt;.
|-
|02.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]&lt;s&gt;||93.5&lt;Ref name=p.193/&gt;.
|-
|03.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]&lt;s&gt;                       ||93.4&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.192&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|04.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]]                      ||93.4&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;.
190/&gt;.
|-
|06.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]&lt;!!&gt;[[Qatar]]&lt;s&gt;                         ||93.6&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.191&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|07.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Korea.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Kuuriya]]&lt;s!&gt;                        ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|08.&quot;'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]]                      ||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|09'&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]&lt;s&gt;                       ||91.8&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;.
|-
|10.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]&lt;!'&gt;[[Urdun]]&lt;'!&gt;                        ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|11&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Ciraaq]]&lt;!&gt;                   ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.192/&gt;.
|-
|12&quot;.||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]&lt;!?&gt;[[SADR]]&lt;!&gt;||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;
|-
|13&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]]                          ||93.4&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;.
|-
|14&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Marooko]]&lt;!'&gt;                ||75.4&lt;Ref name=p.193/&gt;.
|-
|15&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]&lt;s&gt;                ||78.98&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;  
|-
|16&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]&lt;'!&gt;[[Libiya]]&lt;!'&gt;                  ||89.4&lt;Ref name=p.193/&gt;.:
|-
|17.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|192px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Bangladesh]]&lt;s'!&gt;               ||93.4&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.192&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|18.||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]&lt;!&gt;                       ||89.95&lt;Ref name=&quot;p.192&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|19.&quot;'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Suudaan]]&lt;!'&gt;             ||69.39&lt;REF name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|19.'&quot;.||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Koonfur Suudaan]]&lt;'!&gt;     ||89.8&lt;Ref name=p.190/&gt;
|-
|20.&quot;`.||[[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|193px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Yemen]]&lt;!&gt;                   ||69.98&lt;REF name=p.189/&gt;.
|-
|21.'.&quot;'&quot;||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]&lt;!&gt;[[Falastiin]]&lt;!'&gt;
||69.3&lt;REF name=&quot;p.189&quot;/&gt;.
|-
|21.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|191px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Bakistaan]]&lt;s'&gt;||69.5&lt;Ref name=p.194/&gt;.:
|-
|22.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]&lt;!?&gt;[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]&lt;!&gt;||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;
|-
|23.&quot;_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Barunay]]&lt;s'!&gt;                   ||75.39&lt;REF name=p.192/&gt;.
|-
|24.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Komoros]]&lt;s!&gt;             ||67.23&lt;REF name=p.193/&gt;.:
|-
|25.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of France.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Marseilles]]&lt;S'!&gt;             ||67.23&lt;REF name=p.193/&gt;.:
|-
|26.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|191px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Injamiina]]&lt;s'!&gt;||69.5&lt;Ref name=p.194/&gt;.:
|-
|27._.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Fiktoria]]&lt;s!'&gt;
||67.57&lt;REF name=p.192/&gt;.:
|-
|28.&quot;_.||[[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|191px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Soviet. 3mpire.!'!']]&lt;s!'?&gt;
||78.69&lt;REF name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|29.&quot;.||[[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|191px]]&lt;S&gt;[[Somalie.!'?]]&lt;s'!&gt;||89.5&lt;Ref name=p.191/&gt;.
|-
|30.&quot;_.||[[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|191px]]&lt;S'&gt;[[Jabuuty.!'!]]&lt;s'&gt;
||78.69&lt;REF name=p.190/&gt;.
|-
|}
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

&lt;Ref&gt;https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&amp;filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&amp;filter-brand-country=&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

[&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries&lt;/Ref&gt;].

&lt;Ref&gt;https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

&lt;Ref&gt;https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php &lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

[&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/&lt;/Ref&gt;].

&lt;Ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/Ref&gt;.  [&lt;Ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;].
|-
[&lt;Ref&gt;https://livingcost.org/cost&lt;/Ref&gt;]
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country &lt;/Ref&gt;.:•
&lt;Ref&gt;{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}}
&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-death-penalty&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•&lt;!!'?&gt;.:•
|_
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|}

|-
[&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries&lt;/Ref&gt;].
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php &lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/Ref&gt;.  [&lt;Ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;].
|-
[&lt;Ref&gt;https://livingcost.org/cost&lt;/Ref&gt;]
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}}
&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•&lt;!!'?&gt;.:•
|_
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
[&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/&lt;/Ref&gt;].
&lt;Ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Europe&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011%2F05%2F05%2F147980&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country &lt;/Ref&gt;.:•
|-
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.unescwa.org/news/escwa-releases-new-report-real-sizes-arab-economies-between-2017-and-2023&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•
|-
|}

==Bassborka Jaamacada Carabta==

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;traditional&quot; caption=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;center&quot;&gt; 

File:Algerian passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Algeria}}[[Algerian passport|Algeria]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}.
File:Cover of Mauritanian Biometric Passport.png|{{flagicon|Algeria}}&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.`
File:New_Egyptian_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Egypt}}[[Egyptian passport|Egypt]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Syria}}.`
File:Libyan_New_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Libya}}[[Libyan passport|LBY]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.`
File:BioPassMaroc.JPG|{{flagicon|Morocco}}[[Moroccan passport|MAR]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Tunisia}}.
File:Passeport Tunisie 2014.jpg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Tunisian passport|Tunisia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|TN}}.

File:Cover of Iraqi Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Iraq}}[[Iraqi passport|Iraq]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.`
File:The New Lebanese Biometric Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Lebanon}}[[Lebanese Passport|Lebanon]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Libya}}.

File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Oman}}[[Omani passport|Oman]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}}
File:Bahraincover.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Qatar}}[[Bahraini passport|Bahrain]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Bahrain}}.
File:Kuwait passport.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Kuwait}}[[Kuwaiti passport|Kuwait]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}.
File:Qa.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Bahrain}}[[Qatari passport|Qatar]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Qatar}}.
File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}}[[Saudi Arabian passport|Saudi Arabia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}.
File:Jordanian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Jordan}}[[Philistine passport|Jordan]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!`
File:UAE Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]][[Emirati passport|United Arab Emirates]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!`

File:Regular Syrian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Syria}}[[Syrian passport|Syria]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!`
File:Yemen Passport.svg|küçükresim|Yemen pasaportu]]|{{flagicon|Yemen}}[[Yemeni passport|Yemen]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!`

File:Sudan passport cover.JPG|{{flagicon|Sudan}}[[Sudanese passport|Sudan]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!`
File:Sahrawi passport.jpg|{{flagicon|ESH}}[[Sahrawi passport|ESH]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|MAR}}.!!`?`!!`?

File:Somaliland Passport Cover.svg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Somali passport|Somaliland]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Maldives}}.!!`?


File:Cover of Eritrean Passport.jpeg|{{flagicon|Eritrea}}[[Djibouti passport|Djibouti]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|14px]]{{flagicon|Djibouti}}.
File:Cover of Chadian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Chad}}[[Chadian passport|Chad]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|SYC}}.!!`?
&lt;Ref&gt;https://visaindex.com/country/chad-passport-ranking/&lt;/Ref&gt;.!!`?

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/19/tunisian-autocrat-ben-ali-dies-in-saudi-exile&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
!!`?`!!`?'?!'
&lt;/gallery&gt; 

[[File:Comorian Passport.png|120px]][[Comorian passport|Comoros]]&lt;Br/&gt;[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Comoros}}.!!`?

[[File:Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz.jpg|thumb|central|King Faisal bin Abdulaziz.jpg: &quot;as&quot; King of [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] 
[[File:Ring with engraved portrait of Ptolemy VI Philometor (3rd–2nd century BCE) - 2009.jpg|thumb|Center|25xp|Crown of Ptolemy VI Philometor as [[Egyptian]] Pharoah. Louvre Museum.: [[Baaris]];[[France]].)]]


&lt;Ref&gt;https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia&lt;/Ref&gt;.::.::.::
[[File:Bangladeshi E-Passport.svg|125px]][[Bangladesh passport|Bangladesh]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|11px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}.:

[[File:JapanpassportNew10y.PNG|21px]]|{{flagicon|Japan}}[[Persian|Japan]].:[[File:KOR ePassport.jpg|25px]]{{flagicon|Korea}}PR&quot;China.:

[[File:Manara clocktower.JPG|thumb|Manara]][[https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php]]..!!’

[[File:16-03-31-Hebron-Altstadt-RalfR-WAT 5717.jpg|thumb|right|195px|Exterior view with (I.&amp; P.Guard):; Isrealian Police.&amp;_.Philistianian Police Guard]]

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.refworld.org/legal/constinstr/las/1945/en/13854&lt;/Ref&gt;

[[File:Old city of Nablus.JPG|thumb|right|Alley in the Old City leading to and from the [[souk]], 20018]]
[[File:Nineveh Nebi Yunus Excavation Bull-Man Head.JPG|thumb|right|196px|[[Lamassu|Winged Bull]] excavated at Nebi Yunus by Iraqi/?\Irani (Persian.!) archaeologists]],`~`

&lt;Ref&gt;
{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |access-date=2023-04-23 |archive-date=2023-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423051219/https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |dead-url=yes }}
&lt;/Ref&gt;.::.

After killing an [[Egyptian]] slave-master who was beating a [[Hebrew]]; [[Moses]] fled across the [[Red Sea]] to Midian, where he encountered the Angel of the Lord, speaking.!'! …

https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-present-day-Egyptians-predominantly-Arabs-despite-the-fact-that-the-ancient-Egyptians-where-not.:.:

[[File:Turkish Passport.svg|21px]]|{{flagicon|Korea}}[[Turkish passport|Turkish]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Turkey}}.:

From Britannica  and Wikipedia and &quot;World&quot;  Libraries.!!`

[[Arabs]] are the people of an [[ethnic]] group who come from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and speak the [[Arabic language]] .

According to [[Jewish]] and [[Arab]] tradition, they are the grandchildren of [[Ishmael]] , the son of Avraham Abino .


Content
1	The Arab world.
2	Religion.
2.1	Ancient times.
3	The Arabic language's.
4	History and civilization.
5	Arab events.
6	Ottoman decline:
7	The question of Palestine:
8	Arab relations with Arab Jews:

The [[Arab world]]:

The [[Arab world]] covers most of the countries in the [[Middle East]] and North [[Africa]] except [[Iran]] , [[Turkey]] and [[Bakistaan]] , and the Land of [[Israaiil]].!!'? 


The Arab countries are:  [[Algeria]] , [[Baxrayn]] , [[Egypt]] , [[Iraq]] , [[Jordan]] ,[[Kuwait]] , [[Lubnaan]] , [[Libya]] , [[Marooko]] , [[Cumaan]] ,[[Komoros]], [[Qatar]] , [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] , [[Suudaan]] , [[Suuriya]] , [[Tunisia]] , the [[United Arab Emirates]] , [[Mauritania]], [[Jad]], and [[Yemen]]; [[Eratareya]]; Plus The Whole* [[Somaliland]] are also included even if the [[Soomaalida]].: They Don't &quot;ALLOW&quot; to speak [[Arabic]] [[Language]];  &quot;Economically&quot;; and &quot;Gegraphically&quot;; &amp; &quot;Politically&quot;..Just like [[Turkiga]]; [[Iiraan]] ta but In &quot;African Continent&quot; NOT &quot;ASIAN&quot;.• .!!`?'!.!

In addition, approximately two million Arabs also live in the occupied areas of the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza]] in the State of Israel . Almost one million Arabs also live in Israel itself. Arabs also moved to many places in the world especially [[Europe]] and [[Americas]].

Arabs are a diverse people, but there are some elements that unite them. The most important of them are the Islamic beliefs and the Arabic language, and the culture and history associated with them.!!'?

One day, after [[Moses]] had reached adulthood, he killed an [[Egyptian]] who was beating a [[Hebrew]]. To escape [[Pharaoh's death penalty]], [[Moses]] fled to Midian (a desert country south of Judah), where he married [[Zipporah]].::.

==Religion and Science.!!'?== 
The largest part of Arabs are Muslims . There are also many Christian Arabs, especially in Lebanon , Syria , Egypt , and the Palestinian territories .

Islam was found in the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century. It spread quickly over a large part of Asia and Africa , and that is why today there are many Muslims who are not in the [[Arab world]].

Islam, Arab and non-Arab, has two parts: Sunni and Shua . Sunni Islam is the greater part, and most Arabs are Sunni, but in some countries the majority are Shua, mainly Iraq and Bahrain .

==Ancient times.!!'== 
Until Islam came, most Arabs were polytheists . Some tribes of Arabs under the Hamid kingdom converted to Judaism, or accepted the Christian religion.

==The Arabic languages.!!'==
Postscript-viewer-shaded.png See the main article - Arabic
Arabic belongs to the family of Semitic languages, together with the holy Hebrew (22 &amp; 23) , and Aramaic. Although Arabic is the giant Semitic out there, The Language 28-31* …letters, and they are written from right to left…...!!’?’!!’?

“…. Arabic is another language with a non-Latin alphabet. Though it consists of 28* characters, the complex Arabic script is still often said to be quite hard to learn. Arabic grammar is very different from English grammar, and Arabic is a highly gendered language……”


There are three main versions of the Arabic language: 1st. Quranic or Classical, 2nd. Modern Standard, and  3rd. Colloquial or Daily.!!’
Roughly 25* Dialects fall under these three versions, with some mutually unintelligible and others barely different. As a language learner, deciding to learn Arabic’s is the first step.!!’

“….Arabic developed hundred thousand years ago among the Bedouins in the deserts of Arabian Peninsula..”!!’

Its growth was aided by the tradition of poetry which was very advanced in its oral form before it was written down. With the advent of Islam , the Koran became the model of the Arabic language.:•

==History and Civilization.!!'==
The name Arab to refer to the nomads and camel leaders of northern Arabia is already found in writings from almost three thousand years ago. Later, the term was used for all the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Surrounding Arae .

Arabs were then a society of tribes. They were grouped according to their family and genealogy, and referred to a single lineage. The Arab society, however, was fragmented thanks to the very difficult conditions of living in the deserts, and therefore there were often fights between tribes and families. It did not appear any Arab country until the arrival of Islam.!!'?'

==Arabic performances.!!'==
Islamic civilization, Arab and non-Arab, flourished during the era of the Abbasid caliphs, who ruled over the entire Islamic world from their capital in Baghdad in the years 750 to 1258. The rise of Islamic civilization includes Advances in literature , philosophy , and medicine . Greek philosophy such as the works of Plato and Aristotle were translated into Arabic. Islamic medical writings were used in Europe until the 1600s.

Arab sages also made great advances in mathematics. The numbers we use today are called &quot;Arabic numbers&quot; because they were developed by the Arabs and Muslims. Also the division of mathematics &quot;algebra&quot; is an Arab invention, and comes from the Arabic word &quot;Al-Dzabr&quot;.

==Ottoman &quot;Turks&quot; decline and &quot; “Arab’s Pple’s League's” World Rise&quot;.!!'==
At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s,  and 1850s the flourishing of Arab and Islamic culture began to decline with them.!!

Many Arab countries then came under the rule of European  Colonizing powers. At the end of the First World War 1, the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and Most of the Arab countries were under European rule.!!’?’

==The question of Palestin.!!'?== 

Throughout the First World War , the British promised Arab leaders that Palestine would be included in the territories that would go to the Arabs for independence. The British then promised Palestine to the leaders of the Zionist movement. The history of the Arab-Israeli conflict lies in the mutual promises, as well as the Arab opposition to a Jewish state in the region.

==Arab Muslims relations with Arab Jews.!!'==

After the mid-1940s, the situation changed drastically, almost all Arab countries were literally emptied of Jews one after the other, the Polish Arabs have a bitter hatred towards the Jews, almost no Jews are seen before their eyes. The Neturi Karta say that this is a direct result of the movement of Zionism, and later the creation of the Jewish land.

Categories :

==Islamic.!!'/|\.Moslim States.!!'?==
At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the 1900s, the flourishing of [[Arab]] and [[Islamic]] culture began to decline with them.

Many Arab countries then came under the rule of [[European]] powers. At the end of the First World War , the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and many Arab countries were under [[European]] rule.!!`

&lt;Ref&gt;https://wikiislam.github.io/wiki/Muslim_Statistics_-_Pornography.html&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

==Warka==

December 25, 2017
Special Dispatch No. 7246
     
[[Iraqi]] [[Kurdish]] leader Masoud Barzani's September; 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in [[Arab countries]], as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them.
Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders.


Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October 2, 2017

 
Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights

Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title &quot;It Is Not a Conspiracy&quot;: &quot;The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact?

&quot;Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests.

&quot;Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds.

&quot;The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum?

&quot;Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the Arab world. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of Israel. Israel is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous.

&quot;In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking.&quot;[1]

 
Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds?

Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: &quot;The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology...

&quot;Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?!

&quot;The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?...

&quot;As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?...

&quot;Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause].

&quot;The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime...&quot;[3]

 
Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved

Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: &quot;The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect...

&quot;Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency.

&quot;While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream...

&quot;ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech...

&quot;The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state.&quot;[6]

 
[1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017.

[2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps.

[3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017.

[4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini.

[5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s.

[6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017.
===BIODIVERSITY===
I am a Palestinian American who is tired of stupid people. I wanted to share a (not exhaustive) list of 50 useful and indisputable facts on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.

FACT No. [#01.]

Some Jews are shitty and awful people.!'?

FACT No. [#02.]

Some Muslims are shitty and awful people.!'?

FACT No. [#03.]

Some Christians are shitty and awful people.!'?'

FACT No.[#04.]

Some Arabs are shitty and awful people.!'?'

FACT No. [#05.]

Some Americans are shitty and awful people.!'?'

FACT No. 6.

Some Israelis are shitty and awful people.!?'

FACT No. 7.

Some Palestinians are shitty and awful people.!'?

FACT No.[#08.]

Not all Jews are Israelis.!'?

FACT No.[#09.]

Not all Israelis are Jews.!'?

FACT No.[#10.]

Not all Jews are white.!'?

FACT No. [#11.]

Not all Israelis are white.!'?

FACT No. [#12.]

Not all Muslims are Arabs.!'?

FACT No. 13.

Not all Arabs are Muslim.!'?

FACT No. 14.

Not all Palestinians are Muslims.!'?

FACT No. 15.

Not all Arabs are Palestinian.!'?

FACT No. 16.

Not all Palestinians are Haumaus.!'?

FACT No. 17.

[[Texans]] are not [[Arizonans]].!'?

FACT No. 18.

Germans are not Dutch..(The word Dutch comes from a Proto-Germanic word meaning “of the people.” It shares a root with the German word [[Deutsch]], which has led to some confusing names. The name Germans call Germany, for example, is [[Deutschland]] and the people there [[Deutsch]]. [[Dutch]] and German are related, after all, both being Germanic languages.).!'?

FACT No. 19.

Palestinians are not Jordanians.!'?

FACT No. 20.

[Egyptians] are not Palestinians.!'?

FACT No. 21.

Where you are born does not actually determine anything about you.!'?

FACT No. 22.

Your passport is not your political beliefs.

FACT No. 23.

Your government is not your morality.!'?

FACT No. 24.

Not all Jews like the Israeli government.!'?

FACT No. 25.

Not all Israelis like the Israeli government.!'?

FACT No. 26.

Not all Palestinians like the Palestinian government.

FACT No. 27.

Israeli governments have committed acts of terror and violence against the Palestinian people.

FACT No. 28.

Palestinian organizations have committed acts of terror and violence against the Israeli people.!'?

FACT No. 29.

US leaders do things that I do not agree with (e.g., 2016–2020).

FACT No. 30.

Israeli leaders do things that Israelis do not agree with.

FACT No. 31.

Palestinian leaders do things that Palestinians do not agree with.

FACT No. 32.

What happened to the Israeli civilians on 10/7 2023* is fucking awful, and Hamas has earned every fucking thing that the Israeli military throws at them.

FACT No. 33.

What is happening in Gaza to civilians is fucking awful, and not the smartest thing for Israel to do, and some aspects of Israeli military activity may be [[war crimes]], and it doesn’t have to be genocide for it to be tragic.!'?

FACT No. 34.

You can advocate for Palestine without being a racist, anti-semitic piece of shit.!'?

FACT No. 35.

You can advocate for Israel without being a racist, anti-Arab piece of shit.!'?

FACT No. 36.

People like to have sex with each other, and they sometimes procreate with people outside their tribes.! '?

FACT No. 37.

No one in the Levant is indigenous. Every fucking empire in history has fucked their way through the Levant. There is no pure indigeneity. And let’s be honest: The entire planet has been colonized..by [[Europeans]] Powers..and In Ancient (..hominids from the Great Rift Valley).

FACT No. [#38.]

Palestinians and Israelis share paternal Bronze Age DNA. Yes, even Ashkenazi Jews.!'?...

FACT No. 39.

Stop with the fucking history lessons about what the Israelites did, or what the [[OTTOMANS]] did, or what the [[BRITISH]] did, or whatever. It is Fucking &quot;IMPERIAL SHIT&quot; There is a pile of DOG shit in the living room. Instead of arguing about whose DOG took the bigger shit in the living room, maybe focus on how we clean up the dog shit, and maybe we keep the DOGS outside.!'?

FACT No. 40.

Any people have a right to group together and self-identify as whatever-the-fuck-they-want-to-self-identify as. When they get large enough as a group, those people have the right to self-determination and self-respect and a state where they can control their own destinies.

FACT No. 41.

Whether you like the idea or not, the Israeli state exists. It will also continue to exist until the ISRAELI people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Israeli) is fucking immaterial.

FACT No. 42.

Whether you like the idea or not, a Palestinian state will exist at some point, and it will continue to exist until the PALESTINIAN people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Palestinian) is fucking immaterial.!'?

FACT No. 43.

You cannot bomb a people into true submission  —  the Blitz did not soften [[British]] morale.!?'..

FACT No. 44.

You cannot fight a war and kill a people’s desire for safety, freedom and self-determination. You can stifle it. You can try to ignore it, but one way or another, you will have to deal with it. This is as true for my Israeli friends as it is for my Palestinian ones.

FACT No. 45.

The solution to the [[Middle East]] conflict will not be found on Threads, or TikTok, or in the streets of any city that isn’t within a two-hour car ride from downtown Jerusalem.!'?

FACT No. 46.

If you want to be an ally to Palestinians, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Israelis and Jews.

FACT No. 47.

If you want to be an ally to Israelis, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Palestinians and Muslims and Arabs.

FACT No. 48.

If you just want to advocate for peace, try to be a voice for reason, and don’t inflame or over-simplify an already chaotic, complicated and deeply emotional issue. Help people find common ground and help bring the temperature down. You can be moral and stand up for what you believe in without being an ASSHOLE.!'?...

FACT No. 49.

Yes, an amazing one-state liberal democracy where Palestinian boys and girls could fuck Israeli boys and girls and make cute babies, and everybody spoke Hebrew and Arabic and we all agreed that [[hummus]] and [[falafel]] are delicious and Palestinian and sufganiyot are delicious and Israeli would be awesome. But this wonderful future has about as much chance of happening in the near term as this 5’8″  56'&quot;-year-old Palestinian has being a starter for the [[Golden State Warrior]]s. A two-state solution is the only workable one.!'?

FACT No. 50.

Hummus is Palestinian. I am immovable on this.!'?'

Moe Aa. Hussein is a Palestinian-American creative with a filmmaking background interested in the intersection of experience and technology. This list originally ran on his Medium blog.!'?

The Citizen welcomes guest commentary from community members who represent that it is their own work and their own opinion based on true facts that they know firsthand.:.

&lt;Ref&gt;https://waleedgohar469.medium.com/a-media-rich-guide-on-facts-about-palestine-70022565965d&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/&lt;/&lt;/Ref&gt;.:
&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.factretriever.com/israel-facts&lt;/Ref&gt;.:


5 Interesting Facts About Palestine (Find Out)!

Waleed Gohar
Waleed Gohar
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3 min read
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Jun 22, 2020

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Introduction:
Palestine is a land which has a lot of things for its readers. This is a land which is located in Asia but there is much more to know, apart from its location.
Therefore, let’s dive straight into some facts about Palestine.
Is 3G available in Palestine?
The 3G services are not available in Palestine apart from a few locations. Why is this?
Facts About Palestine (3G Network)
This is because the Israeli restrictions do not allow the Palestinian people to have access to the 3G services openly.
There has been a conversation about this over the past few years of Palestine National Authority with the Israeli authorities but in vain.
The Economy of Palestine:
Palestine is a land that is considered unsafe by many people, but is it true?
To understand this, first, understand that tourism is an important part of the economy of Palestine. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited Palestine. This is a pretty decent figure for a land that is considered unsafe for many people.
Furthermore, the stone industry in Palestine is also a very important part of its economy. To understand how important is the stone industry to Palestine, it is to Palestine as the textile is to Pakistan.
And what is textile is to Pakistan?
60% of the exports of Pakistan are based on the cotton textile industries that provide half of the countries employment!
The majority of exports of Palestine are to Israel, Jordan, America and some European countries.
The National Animal of Palestine:
Gazelle is the national animal of Palestine which is known for its speed. The Palestinian government has been trying to protect this creature as it is an important symbol for the Palestinians.
Facts About Palestine (Gazelle)
Photo by Bas van Brandwijk on Unsplash
These beautiful thin creatures are mostly found in Africa and Asia. They resemble deer and they are from the family of goats, sheep and cattle. The dama Gazelle is the largest Gazelle.
The National Flower of Palestine:
Palestinian poppy is the natural flower of Palestine. This beautiful flower is bright red and the scientific name of the Palestinian Poppy is Anemone coronaria.
The flower originally comes from Ranunculaceaefamily (buttercup family). Very fewer flowers have played such an important role in medicine, religion and politics as the poppy.
One commonly asked question is that are anemones and poppies same?
Although the anemones and poppies belong to a similar flower family, they are not the same thing.
The Siege in Gaza:
In Gaza, 1.9 million Palestinians are under a brutal siege. The basic human rights have been denied to them and they are constantly exposed to aerial bombing.
The political instability and barbarity make Gaza unsafe. The Israeli restrictions in this area are so brutal that the United Nations says that by 2020, the area can be completely inhibited.
Conclusion:
The facts about Palestine is a very interesting topic. I hope that the article makes sense.
Thank You very much for staying with me till the end!


&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.memri.org/reports/arab-opposition-to-kurdish-state-hypocritical&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&quot;Jabaan&quot; likely refers to the word for &quot;Japan&quot; in the language of the user, which in this case is probably &quot;Swahili&quot; or &quot;Somali&quot;, as it is a transliteration of the word &quot;Japan&quot; in these languages. 
Here's a breakdown: 
&quot;Jabaan&quot; is a transliteration of &quot;Japan&quot; in Swahili and Somali:
The word &quot;Jabaan&quot; is used to refer to the country of Japan in Swahili and Somali.
Swahili and Somali are languages spoken in Africa:
Swahili is a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, while Somali is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the Horn of Africa….!!’?’….!!

==Sido kale fiiri==

* [[Unionka Mediterraneanka]]

* [[Wadanamaha Jaamacada Carabta Afrika]]

* [[Waddnamha Mashriq Jaamacada Carabta]]

* https://livingcost.org/

==10*of the*Most*Endangered Species in Africa==

BY OLIVIA LAI AFRICA JUN 27TH 2022/23
EARTH.ORG IS POWERED BY OVER 150 CONTRIBUTING WRITERS
 10 of the Most Endangered Species in Africa
Africa, the world’s second-largest and second-most populous continent, is wonderfully rich in biodiversity. Thanks to its equally rich natural landscapes and biomes, ranging from arid deserts and savannahs to tropical rainforests and ice-capped mountains, Africa supports about a quarter of the planet’s animal and plant species. But delayed industrialisation and development, human activities such as deforestation – 4 million hectares of African forests are cut down annually, almost double the speed than the global average deforestation rate – and prolonged conflicts have had a devastating impact on wildlife on the continent. All these are being fuelled further by climate change. These are just some of the most endangered species in Africa that are in dire need of protection and conservation, before it’s too late. 

—


===10*Most*Endangered*Species*in Africa.!!===

[#01.]Black Rhino..!!’?’…!!’?’…!!’

Otherwise known as the hook-lipped rhino, the black rhino is one of two species of rhinoceros native to Africa (the other being the white rhino). Due to rampant poaching to meet a global demand for rhinoceros horn, wildlife trading and trophy hunting, black rhino populations have been decimated and has driven a subspecies, the Western black rhino (Diceros bicornis longipes), to extinction in 2011. Today, there are just over 5,600 individuals left of the critically endangered animal and are limited to just four countries: South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Kenya. As a keystone species, meaning that they hold a significant role within an ecosystem, there have been major efforts to protect and recover population numbers, including greater habitat protection and monitoring systems, as well as harsher fines and sentences for rhino poachers. 

[#02.]African Elephant.!!’?’!!’?…

In the 1970s, Africa was home to 1.3 million elephants. Today, that number has plummeted down to less than 30,000 in the wild. Much like rhinos, elephants have been heavily targeted and poached throughout history due to the ivory trade; ivory tusks were treated as a valuable commodity and a status symbol. As a result, around 90% of African elephants have been wiped out in the past century. Though much of the world has since banned elephant ivory trading, most notably China, illegal poaching and trading still persist. But with significant conservation efforts, countries like Kenya have been experiencing a baby boom in elephants, more than doubling the population in 30 years. But other major threats to the species remain: human-wildlife conflict fuelled by human population growth and urban expansion, and climate change-induced droughts. 

Your Contribution Makes a Difference
Every donation counts in our fight against climate change. Join us in making a real impact by supporting our research, data analysis, and policy solutions.
DONATE TODAY…!!’?’

 endangered species africa 
[#03].Gorilla..!!’?’..!!’?’..

There are two species of gorillas, the Eastern gorilla and the Western gorilla, both of which are native to Africa and listed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of NatureRed List. A combination of factors have pushed the animal to such a dire situation, including poaching, habitat loss from logging and agricultural development, human conflict, and diseases. In fact, one of the two subspecies of the Western gorilla, the Cross River gorilla that lives in the Cameroon-Nigeria border region, saw its population plummet to about 200-300 adults. Population recovery efforts can be also slow and difficult due to their low reproductive rate, with females only giving birth every four to six years – females also only breed three or four times in her lifetime.

[#04.]Saharan Cheetah.!!’?’!!’?’…

This endangered cat (but not a ‘Big Cat’) has been pushed to the brink of extinction due to significant habitat loss, forcing the animal to be limited to 10% of its historical range. Its remaining small populations can now only be found in Algeria and Niger, and isolated pockets across the Sahara and Sahel from Mali in the west to the Central African Republic in the east.​ Additionally, hunting by a growing local population in the region and reduced prey such as sheep and gazelle from the agricultural explosion have also contributed to Saharan cheetah’s population decline to fewer than 250 individuals. 

 endangered species in Africa Photo credit: EO Photographer Josh R.

[#05.]African Wild Dog..!!’?’…!!’?

Also known as the African painted dog or the African hunting dog, this critically endangered species in Africa is also the second most endangered carnivore in the continent. As wild dogs are highly social animals, gathering and travelling packs, they’re incredibly sensitive to habitat changes and fragmentation, which have been significantly reduced over the past few decades. Illegally poaching and wildlife trading is rife across African countries, and many African dogs were caught as bycatch in snares targeted for other animals like antelopes. Despite their impressive speeds – they reach speeds of more than 44 miles per hour – the species has not been able to run away from other threats like human conflicts over livestock, infectious diseases like rabies and distemper, and competition with larger predators like lions due to shrinking habitats. The largest populations are mostly in southern Africa – where there are less than 550 individuals in the wild – and the southern part of East Africa including Tanzania and northern Mozambique. Though snare hunting has been made illegal on nationally proclaimed wildlife reserves in South Africa, far more conservation efforts are needed to protect this rare mammal.

You might also like: Is the Sahara Desert Growing?

[#06.]African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’…

There’s a common misconception that penguins are native only to the Arctic when in fact, there’s a well-known nesting penguin species that breeds in Africa, or more specifically, Namibia and South Africa. Unfortunately, the population of the African penguin is dwindling fast as a result of habitat loss and destruction, overfishing to meet global commercial demand, oil spills and marine pollution – the bird’s range encompass many global trading and oil transport routes – as well as warming ocean temperatures. The species has lost about 95% of its population since pre-industrial times to about 14,700 pairs, based on 2021 estimates. In addition, guano harvests – accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats is a highly sought-after fertiliser – eliminated their preferred nesting substrate, leaving them exposed to predators, heat stress, flooding and sea-level rise.

&lt;Ref&gt;https://earth.org/endangered-species-in-africa/&lt;/Ref&gt;.::

endangered species in the desert, north african ostrich…!!’?’
[#07.]North African Ostrich..!!’ 

The North African ostrich is the largest bird on Earth. Historically, it was distributed across the entire Sahara desert, spreading across 18 countries. Today, they’re only found in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic and Senegal. This flightless bird has been heavily targeted over the past 50 years; their feathers, meat and egg are deemed valuable in the wildlife trading market. Much like most of the animals on this list, the ostrich has suffered from habitat loss from human expansion and desertification – a process by which lands become infertile – causing increased food competition with other livestock and larger animals. Since being identified in the IUCN red list, a number of conservation efforts have been underway to help restore the species, from introducing more ostriches to Senegal and habitat rehabilitation to improving livestock fencing and management. 

[#08.]Dama Gazelle..!!’?’…!!’?’

The dama gazelle now lives only about 1% of its historical range, and is found primarily in the countries of Chad and Sudan. Despite its preference for arid territories, desertification and worsening droughts from climate change have caused major habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as reduced vegetation for gazelle to feed from – thus increased competition with human and livestock. Prolonged wars in the region have also exacerbated all these aforementioned factors. Today, fewer than 400 individuals are left in the wild.

[#09.] Egyptian Tortoise..!!’?’…!!’

Another Saharan Desert native and the smallest species of tortoises – no longer than 10cm in length at maturity, the Egyptian tortoise is all but extinct from its original habitat due to the loss of habitat from agriculture and expansion of tourism, and most notably, from illegal pet trading. According to the IUCN Red List, the total Egyptian tortoise population is estimated to be around 7,470, but as they are not legally protected in Libya – where the species is mostly found – they are highly vulnerable to further population decline. Despite ongoing captive breeding programmes efforts to reintroduce Egyptian tortoises to the wild, they have mostly been slow and relatively unsuccessful.

[#10.] Sahara Aphanius..!!’?’…!!’

This tiny freshwater pupfish, measuring only less than two inches long, can be found nowhere else in the world except for the Sahara Desert in the Oued Saoura river basin near Mazzer, Algeria. Agricultural development, which has caused significant groundwater contamination and excessive water withdrawal, and increasingly frequent and prolonged droughts, have severely impacted the aquatic vegetation that the species depend upon. This includes zooplankton and algae. The freshwater fish remains to be listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. 

Aside from these endangered species in Africa, you might also like: 10 of the World’s Most Endangered Animals in 2022/2023*.!!

알자지라의 미단 보이스 [[인터넷 채널]]: 유대인이 만들어내고 통제하고 있습니다(&quot;..모든 것이 2초 안에 움직입니다..&quot;) [[할리우드]]; [[CNN]]; 포르노 산업을 오염시키기 위해 &quot;..[[미국인]]..!!..&quot;과 &quot;...[[기독교인]]...!!'?'&quot; 가치관을...!!'?'...
aljajilaui midan boiseu [[inteones chaeneol]]: yudaein-i mandeul-eonaego tongjehago issseubnida(&quot;..modeun geos-i 2cho an-e umjig-ibnida..&quot;) [[halliudeu]]; [[CNN]]; poleuno san-eob-eul oyeomsikigi wihae &quot;..[[migug-in]]..!!..&quot;gwa &quot;...[[gidoggyoin]]...!!'?'&quot; gachigwan-eul...!!'?'...

==The Most Endangered Animals in Africa== 

By H. Nimmo.
Africa is blessed with a stunning variety of wildlife – it has more species of charismatic megafauna than any other continent. However, sadly, with ever expanding human populations and their increasing demand for land, food and water, exacerbated by poaching, more and more species are becoming endangered. However, thanks to the foresight of conservationists past and present, many of the most endangered animals in Africa are being protected in reserves and national parks.  Below is a list of some of the most endangered species in Africa and where you stand a chance of seeing them.

=10,441 &quot;African Safaris&quot;=


[#01.]Ethiopian’s..!..
Ethiopian wolf..!!’?’…!!’?’…

The Ethiopian wolf is Africa’s most endangered carnivore and the continent’s only wolf species. It is a handsome rusty red jackal-like dog and, as the name suggests, it is endemic to Ethiopia’s  It is endangered due to loss of habitat to farmland and due to diseases caught from domestic dogs.

Best place to see Ethiopian wolf: Bale Mountain National Park, Ethiopia

 
 [#02.]Pangolin
Pangolin..!!’?’…!!’

The poor pangolin has the dubious honor of being the most illegally trafficked species in Africa, as its scales are used in traditional medicine in Asia. Most people have never heard of a pangolin, let alone seen one … and sadly it is feared they are on a fast-track to extinction. Pangolins are now one of the most endangered animals in Africa. These delightful, gentle creatures are armour-plated and roll into a ball to defend themselves – unfortunately a poor defence against humans. Pangolins feed on ants and termites with their long sticky tongues, and the mother carries her young infant on her back. They are the holy grail of wildlife sightings for many tourists and indeed safari guides, such is their rarity. I must confess the first time I saw a pangolin in the wild, I was moved to tears – part joy and part sadness at just how vulnerable they are.

Best place to see a pangolin: in winter at Tswalu Private Game Reserve, South Africa

 
 [#03.] Black Rhino
Black Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’….

Black rhinos are actually grey in color and are distinguished from white rhinos by their pointed, prehensile upper lip, whereas white rhinos have square lips. Black rhino calves usually follow their mother – whereas white rhino calves often trot along in front.  Black rhinos are largely solitary and are browsers rather than grazers – hence their hooked lip. Black rhinos are classified as Critically Endangered, as they have been decimated by poaching for their horn. The most recent numbers estimate less than 5000 in 2010, however, numbers are likely to have decreased further since then, despite valiant conservation efforts.

Best places to see black rhino:

Ngorogoro Crater, Tanzania
Etosha National Park, Namibia
Damaraland, Namibia
Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe
 

 [#04.] White Rhino
White Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’…

It is sad that, after successful conservation efforts increased their numbers dramatically in the 1960’s, once again, white rhino has become one of the most endangered animals in Africa. This is due to illegal poaching to satisfy the increased demand for their horn by Asian markets. Valiant conservation efforts are once again underway to save the white rhino, and South Africa is still its stronghold. The white rhino is larger than the black rhino and has square lips for grazing.

Best places to see white rhino:

Kruger National Park, South Africa
uMkhuze Game Reserve, South Africa
Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve, South Africa
Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa
 

 [#05.]Mountain Gorilla
Mountain Gorilla..!!’?’…!!’?’…

Although mountain gorillas are still considered one of the most endangered animals in Africa, the good news is that their numbers are actually on the increase. An encounter with mountain gorillas should be on everyone’s bucket list. Although it is an expensive trip, believe me, it is worth every dollar! You will never forget the hour you spend with these gentle giants. It is your tourist dollars that are helping to protect and conserve the mountain gorillas and their forests – another reason to visit.!!
Best place to see mountain gorillas: Bwindi National Park, Uganda

 
 [#06.]African Wild Dog?
African Wild Dog…!!’?’…!!’?’

Previously viewed as vermin, thankfully the African wild dog has had a very good PR makeover over the last few years and has now become one of the most wished-for safari sightings. Sightings on safari are often by luck, as the dogs cover huge distances in search of prey, and it is only when they are denning (usually the dry season months) that they remain in the same place for a few weeks. Personally they are my favorite animal to see on safari, as they are such sociable carnivores. It is a privilege to watch their frenzied “greeting ceremony”, when they are getting to get ready to hunt – making all sorts of un-dog-like chittering and chirping noises. African wild dogs require huge ranges and consequently habitat fragmentation has caused their decline. Other threats include diseases from domestic dogs, persecution by livestock farmers, road accidents and incidental snaring. 

Best places to see African wild dog:

Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe
Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe
Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa
Linyanti Concession, Botswana
Selinda Concession, Botswana
 

 [#07.] African Penguin
African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’

For visitors to Cape Town, it is hard to imagine that the African penguin is one of the most endangered species in Africa. They are easy to see at Boulders Bay on the Cape Peninsula, where there is a visitor centre and boardwalk past their nests. However, sadly, African penguin numbers have plummeted in recent years due to depleted fish stocks from over fishing and fish stocks moving further west due to climate change. The African penguin is also at risk from oil spills. This is the only penguin species breeding in Africa, and they are easily recognisable by their dapper black and white plumage and jack-ass braying call.

Best place to see African penguins: Cape Point, South Africa

 
 [#08.] Rothschild’s…Giraffe
Rothschild’s giraffe…!!’?’…!!…

The giraffe is one of Africa’s most recognisable and iconic animals and the tallest land mammal. While giraffes are commonly seen on safari, people are unaware that the numbers of these majestic animals are crashing dramatically outside of protected areas due to habitat loss, illegal hunting and human-wildlife conflict. There are nine subspecies of giraffe, each confined to specific regions of Africa. The Rothschild’s giraffe is now listed as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – in 2010 there were thought to be less than 670 individuals. It is found in western Kenya and eastern Uganda and it has broader dividing white lines than the reticulated giraffe and no spotting below the knees.

Best places to see Rothschild’s giraffes:

Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya
Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda
Kidepo Vally National Park, Uganda
Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda
 

 [#09.] Hooded Vulture
Hooded vulture..!!’?’

Vultures are a critical component in the African landscape but their numbers are plummeting due to increased poisoning incidents. Without vultures clearing carcasses, there is a risk in the increase of disease – as has happened in India, where they have lost 95% of their vultures. The hooded vulture is now one of the most endangered species in Africa – recently upgraded to Critically Endangered. They are easy to distinguish from other vultures by their small size and thin hooked bill.

Best places to see hooded vultures:

Moremi National Park, Botswana
Kruger National Park, South Africa
Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe
 

 [#10.] Chimpanzee
Chimpanzee…!!’?’

When you look into the eyes of a wild chimpanzee, it is easy to understand that this is man’s closest relative – we share 98% of the same genes. Their behavior is distinctively human-like too. Tracking chimpanzees in the wild is one of the most exciting safari activities – it really does feel like you are in the middle of your very own wildlife documentary. Chimpanzees are classified as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – the biggest threat to their survival is habitat loss and an increasing demand for bushmeat…!!’?

Best places to see chimpanzees:

Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania
Kibale National Park, Uganda
 

Want To Go on an African Safari?
Click on the button below to compare African safaris offered by top-rated tour operators.

10,441 African Safaris

*&lt;ref&gt;https://www.statista.com/statistics/806135/gdp-of-the-arab-world/&lt;/ref&gt;.

* &lt;ref&gt;https://www.languagetrainers.co.uk/blog/8-fascinating-facts-about-arab-culture/&lt;/ref&gt;.


* https://en.idi.org.il/articles/38540

* https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tag/saudi-arabia/ 
* https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8

* https://www.worlddata.info/languages/#google_vignette

* https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-tech-giants-worth-compared-economies-countries//

* https://www.arabnews.com/node/1823401/saudi-arabia

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php&lt;/Ref&gt;

&lt;Ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

* https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/10-countries-with-the-best-education-systems.html

* https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/richest-countries-in-the-world&lt;/Ref&gt;.


&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world&lt;/Ref&gt;.

* https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ |date=20220701200249 }}


* https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/03/who-was-iranian-general-qasem-soleimani-and-why-his-killing-matters.html


*https://almashareq.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_am/features/2022/02/04/feature-02

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.espn.com/soccer/standings/_/league/ita.1&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

** https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world

&lt;Ref&gt;https://kottke.org/12/11/britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries&lt;/Ref&gt;.

* https://www.goodcountry.org/index/your-questions/countries-included/youve-left-out-a-number-of-territories-nations-why-is-this/

*&lt;ref&gt;https://visaindex.com/country/indonesia-passport-ranking/&lt;/ref&gt;

*&lt;ref&gt;https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/&lt;/ref&gt;.

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.xe.com/popularity.php&lt;/Ref&gt;.:•

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.eurosport.com/football/serie-a/2024-2025/standings.shtml&lt;/Ref&gt;.:

*&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.globalizationpartners.com/2016/06/30/10-facts-about-arab-culture-infographic/#:~:text=The%20Arab%20world%20stretches%20across,various%20ethnic%20and%20religious%20backgrounds.&lt;/ref&gt;.

&lt;Ref&gt;https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/14/some-300-children-drowned-trying-to-reach-europe-so-far-this-year&lt;/ref&gt;.:

 
* https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} 
* https://www.4icu.org/top-universities-africa/ '!!`{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}


* https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized
{{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm |date=20220819192938 }}

* https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-know-about-arab-citizens-israel

* https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iran-iraq-power-centres-creating-havoc.:

{{Wayback|url=
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_Muhammad#:~:text=This%20family%20tree%20is%20about,Ishmael%20through%20the%20Hashim%20tribe.|date=20220707081051 }}

* https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ |date=20240614155515 }}

* https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/02/335958/morocco-exposes-polisario-algerias-propaganda-in-letter-to-un/


* https://themuslim500.com/book-reviews-2023.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm |date=20220920172709 }} {{Wayback|url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arab-countries.:•{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Shanaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha 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  <page>
    <title>Cirifka Koonfur</title>
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[[File:Location Antarctica.svg|thumb|South Pole]]

'''Cidhifka Koonfureed''' ({{lang-en|South Pole}}) waa geeska ugu shisheeya ama ugu fog ee [[koonfur]]ta [[meere|meeraha]] [[dhul]]ka. Dunida aan ku nool nahay ee [[dhul]]ka waxay leedahay [[labo]] cidhif oo kala ah [[Cidhifka Waqooyi]] iyo [[Cidhifka Koonfur]] ee [[dhul]]ka.

Cirifka Koonfur ee aduunka waxee ku taalaa koonfurta ugu hooseeso [[aduunka]].
Cirifka Koonfur iyo [[Cirifka waqooyi]] waa meelaha 6 bilood maalin ah, 6 bilood habeen ah.labadaan meelood waa meesha oo aduunka ka wareegto.Meeshani waa meesha aduunka ugu nolosha adag amaba ugu daran,qofkii ugu horeeyay ee tagaa waxa uu ahaa [[Roald Amundsen]] waxay ahayd sanadii 1911.

=Antarktika=

[[File:Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka Antarktika ([[NASA]]).]]
[[Antarktika]] waa [[qaarad]]a ugu xigta koonfurta [[Aduun]]ka, taasi oo juquraafi ahaan noqoneysa [[Cidhifka Koonfureed]] ee [[dhul]]ka. Qaarada Antarktika waxay ka mid tahay ''gobolka Antarktik'' ee waaxda koonfureed ee dhulka, taasi oo qeyb ka yihiin Iskuwareega Antarktik iyo [[Bada Koonfureed]]. Baaxada dhulka Antarktika waa mid aad u balaadhan, waxaana lagu qiyaasay [[milyan|14.0 milyan kilomitir labo jibaaran]] (5.4 milyan mayl labo jibaaran), taasi oo ka dhigeysa qaarada shanaad ee ugu weyn aduunka - waxaa ka weyn [[Afrika]], [[Aasiya]], [[Waqooyiga Ameerika]] iyo [[Koonfur Ameerika]].

Hadii Antarktika la barbardhigo qaarada [[Ustareliya]] weey ku labo laabmaysaa, taasi micnaheedu waa in Ustareliya le'eg tahay kala badh Antarktika. Sida la ogyahay ilaa 98% qaarada Antarktika waxaa qariyahay [[baraf]] kaasi oo leh dhumuc dhan 1.9 kilomitir (1.2 mayl),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=British Antarctic Survey, Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica, The Cryosphere journal, page 390, 6 January 2014 |url=http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/375/2013/tc-7-375-2013.pdf |access-date=28 Bisha Sagaalaad 2015 |archive-date=16 Bisha Labaad 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216072841/https://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/375/2013/tc-7-375-2013.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; kuna fidsan dhamaan deegaanada qaarada marka laga reebo qeybta waqooyi oo kali ah.

Isku celcelis, qaarada Antarktika waa tan ugu [[qaboow]], qalalsan (biyo yar), ee ugu [[dabayl|dabaysha]] badan qaaradaha caalamka oo dhan. Sidoo kale waxay leedahay deegaano badan oo ugu dhaadheer jooga dhulka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=National Satellite, Data, and Information Service |title=National Geophysical Data Center |publisher=Government of the United States |url=http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html |accessdate=9 June 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613001502/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html |archivedate=13 June 2006 |deadurl=no |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Juquraafi ahaan marka laga hadlayo deegaanada Antarktika waxaa lagu tiriyaa [[lamadegaan]] (saxare), sababtoo ah waxaa ka da'a [[roob]] aad u yar oo mararka qaar ka yar 200&amp;nbsp;mm (8&amp;nbsp;in) kaasi oo ku da'a deegaanada xeebaha oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Joyce |first=C. Alan |date=18 January 2007 |title=The World at a Glance: Surprising Facts |work=The World Almanac |url=http://www.worldalmanac.com/blog/2007/01/the_world_at_a_glance_surprisi.html |accessdate=7 February 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304001123/http://www.worldalmanac.com/blog/2007/01/the_world_at_a_glance_surprisi.html |archivedate=4 March 2009 |deadurl=no |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Sidoo kale waxaa xusid mudan [[heerkul]]ka Antarktika, wuxuu inta badan yahay −89&amp;nbsp;°C (−129&amp;nbsp;°F), in kastoo marka la iskucelceliyo guud ahaan noqonayso −63&amp;nbsp;°C (−81&amp;nbsp;°F). 

Dhinaca kale, qaarada Antarktika ma lahan dad si joogto ah ugu dhaqan ama nool deegaanadaadi. Laakiin waxaa wakhtiyo badan oo sanadka ah jooga tiro [[Saynis]]yahano iyo [[cilmi]]baadhayaal ah oo u dhexeeya 1,000 ilaa 5,000 qof kuwaasi oo ku baahsan dhinacyada qaarada.
Noolaha sida dabiiciga ah looga helo qaarada Antarktika waxaa ka mid ah algae, [[bakteeriya]], [[fungi]], xoogaa yar oo [[dhir]] ah, brotista, iyo noocyo kooban oo [[xayawaan]] ah, sida [[takfi]]da, [[qooleey]]da, sealska, iyo tardgrade. Dhirta ugu caansan ee laga helo deeganku waa ''tundra''.

Guud ahaan, qaarada Antarktika waa meel aan la kala lahayn (de facto), laakiin waxaa maamula oo gacanta ku haya dowladaha saxeexay ''&quot;Nidaamka Heshiiska Antarktika&quot;''. Heshiiskaasi waxaa sanadkii 1959kii saxeexay labo iyo toban wadan, wakhtiyadii ka dambeeyayna waxaa saxeexa ku biiray ilaa 39 wadan kale. Heshiiskaasi wuxuu meesha ka saarayaa in qaarada Antarktika loo isticmaalo siyaabo milatari, in hubka lagu tijaabiyo, in wasakhda hubka lau aaso ama la keeno, in la taageero ajandaha cilmi-baadhista, in [[macdan]] laga qoto iyo in la ilaaliyo hawada nadiifta ah ee qaarada.
Wadanadii ugu horeeyay waxaa ka mid ah [[Arjantiina]], [[Ustareliya]], [[Beljim]]ka, [[Jili]], [[Faransiiska]], [[Jabaan]], [[New Zealand]], [[Norway]], [[Koonfur Afrika]], [[Ruushka]], [[Ingiriis]]ka iyo [[Maraykanka]]
Cilmibaadhista ka socota qaarada waa mid caalami ah oo ilaa 4,000 aqoon yahay oo caalamka ka kala socda joogaan.

=Badweynta Koonfureed=

[[Badweynta Koonfured]] (Badweynta Antarktika) waa mid ka mid ah [[badweyn|shanta badweyn]] ee [[aduun]]ka taasi oo dhacda meesha ugu xigta koonfurta [[dhul]]ka. Badweynta Koonfured waxay ku taalaa koonfuta [[dhig|dhigta 60° K]] taasi oo ku wareegsan gobolka [[Qaarada Antarktika]].&lt;ref name=CIAgeo&gt;{{cite web |title=Geography - Southern Ocean |work=CIA Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |accessdate=16 July 2012 |quote=... the Southern Ocean has the unique distinction of being a large circumpolar body of water totally encircling the continent of Antarctica; this ring of water lies between 60 degrees south latitude and the coast of Antarctica and encompasses 360 degrees of longitude. |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 Bisha Labaad 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Marka laga hadlayo baaxada iyo waynida, badweyntani waa [[bad|bada afaraad ee ugu weyn]] [[badweyn]]ta aduunka, waxaa ka wayn [[Badweynta Baasifik]], [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], iyo [[Badweynta Hindiya]]; waxaysa ka weyn tahay [[Badweynta Arktik]].&lt;ref name=CIAintro&gt;{{cite web |title=Introduction - Southern Ocean |work=CIA Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |accessdate=16 July 2012 |quote=...As such, the Southern Ocean is now the fourth largest of the world's five oceans (after the [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Atlantic Ocean]], and [[Indian Ocean]], but larger than the [[Arctic Ocean]]). |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 Bisha Labaad 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Biyaha badani waxay dhacaan soonaha biyaha [[qaboow]] iyo [[kul|diiran]] ku kulmaan.


Markii ugu horeeysay taariikhda waxaa sanadkii 1770kii la ogaaday badweyntani markii sahamiye kabtan James Kook u gooshay biyaha koonfureed ee aduunka. Intaas wixii ka dambeeyay waxaa [[Juquraafi|cilmiyahanada juquraafigu]] aad ugu qulqulayeen gobolka ay badweyntani ka mid tahay. Sidoo kale waxaa in mudo ah muran iyo is-afgaranwaa ka taagna xadka Badweynta Koonfureed, taasi oo meelo badan lagaga qasayey xadka ay la wadaagto Badweynta Baasifik, Badweynta Atlantik iyo Badweynta Hindiya.

[[Sanad|Sanadkii 2000]] wixii ka dambeeyay bulshada caalamku waxay isku raacday in Badweynta Koonfureed ka bilaabanto (ama lagu daro) dhigta lixdanaad koonfur.&lt;ref&gt;Pyne, Stephen J.; ''The Ice: A Journey to Antarctica''. University of Washington Press, 1986. (A study of Antarctica's exploration, earth-sciences, icescape, esthetics, literature, and geopolitics)&lt;/ref&gt;

=Muuqaalo=

=Qoraalo Kale=

*[[Meere]] 
*[[Dhul]] 
*[[Cidhif]]

=Tixraac=
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20000722/Antarctica-The-Last-Frontier/  Antarctica — The Last Frontier]

* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20000722/Antarctica-A-Continent-in-Trouble/  Antarctica — A Continent in Trouble]
===Qoraallada hoose===
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Aqoon]]
[[Category:Waxbarsho]]
[[Category:Juqraafi]]


[[Category:Juqraafi]]</text>
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      <comment>/* Heesha */</comment>
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      <text bytes="12781" sha1="pmf3vrzv3o5n3w8fo5u7nbfzk472qk8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix   = Maxamed Mooge Liibaan
| name               =  &lt;br /&gt;محمد الموجي لبنان
| honorific_suffix   = 
| image              =
| image_size         = 600px
| alt                = 
| caption            = Maxamed Mooge Liibaan
| native_name        = 
| native_name_lang   = Somaliland
| birth_name         =  &lt;!-- only use if different from name above --&gt;
| birth_date         =  Horaantii 1944
| birth_place        = [[Hargeysa]], [[Somaliland]] , [[Somalia]]
| baptised           =  &lt;!-- will not display if birth_date is entered --&gt;
| disappeared_date   =  &lt;!-- {{disappeared date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (disappeared date then birth date) --&gt;
| disappeared_place  = 
| disappeared_status = 
| death_date         =  {{Dhimashada iyo sanadka|1984|06|04|1944}}
| death_place        = inta u dhaxeysa Awaare Iyo Dhagaxbuur
| death_cause        = Shirqool lagu dilay
| body_discovered    = 
| resting_place      = duleedka degmada Awaare
| resting_place_coordinates =  &lt;!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --&gt;
| monuments          = 
| residence          = 
| nationality        = 
| other_names        = 
| ethnicity          = [[Somali]]
| citizenship        = [[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|25px]] [[Somaliland]]
| education          = 
| alma_mater         = 
| occupation         = [[Macalin]], [[Abwaan]], Hoggaamiye militari
| years_active       = 1960kii ilaa 1980meyihii
| era                = 
| organization       = 
| agent              =  
| known_for          = 
| notable_works      =  [[Abwaan]], [[Siyaasad|dhaqdhaqaaq siyaasad]]
| style              = 
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| height             =  
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| term               = 
| predecessor        = 
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| party              = 
| movement           = [[SNM]]
| opponents          = 
| boards             = 
| religion           =  [[Islaam]]
| denomination       =  &lt;!-- Denomination should be supported with a citation from a reliable source --&gt;
| criminal_charge    =  &lt;!-- Criminality parameters should be supported with citations from reliable sources --&gt;
| criminal_penalty   = 
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| spouse             =  
| partner            =  
| children           = 
| parents            = 
| relatives          = [[Axmed Mooge Liibaan]]
| callsign           = 
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| website            = {{URL|1=https://masuul.com/hees/artist/m/mohamed-mooge |2=Mohamed mooge 128 heesood}}
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}}
'''Maxamed Mooge Liibaan''' (Af Ingiriis: Mohamed Mooge Liibaan, Af Carabi: محمد الموجي لبنان) wuxuu ahaa macallin, fanaan, abwaan hal-abuur sare leh iyo halgamaa Soomaaliyeed oo si weyn ugu lug lahaa fanka, suugaanta iyo siyaasadda. Wuxuu caan ku ahaa codkiisa firfircoon, heesaha gubaabada iyo doorkiisii wacyigelinta shacabka xilliyadii adkaa ee Soomaaliya.

==Tariikh==
Maxamed Mooge Liibaan wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada [[Hargeysa]] oo maanta ah caasimadda dalka [[Somaliland]]. Asaga iyo walaalkiis Axmed Mooge, iyagoo da'yar, waxay bilaabeen heesida iyo laxameynta suugaanta Soomaaliyeed, iyaga oo noqday labo ka mid ah fannaaniintii ugu caansan uguna saamaynta badnaa waqtigooda. Maxamed Mooge waxa uu sidoo kale ka mid ahaa xubnihii kooxda faneed ee caanka ahayd ee Hobolada Waaberi, taas oo ahayd hobol faneedkii ugu weynaa uguna saameynta badnaa ee Soomaaliya.

Maxamed Mooge wuxuu caan ku noqday garaacida kaban-ka, isagoo noqday fanaan aad u gaar ah oo laxan iyo codba leh. Ka hor intii aanu si buuxda u gelin fanka, Maxamed wuxuu ahaa macallin ka tirsan Wasaaradda Waxbarashada Soomaaliya. Fanaannimadiisa waxaa si weyn loogu arkay sanadihii 1970-meeyadii, xilli ay ka dhex muuqdeen heeso wacyigelin iyo kuwa bulshada u taagan.

Sannadkii 1971, taliskii Soomaaliya ayaa Maxamed Mooge shaqada ka fadhiisiyay, kadib markii loo arkay inuu ka soo horjeedo xukunka kalitaliska ee Maxamed Siyaad Barre. Intii uu dalka joogo, Maxamed Mooge wuxuu qaaday heeso si dadban uga soo horjeeday nidaamka xukunka, isaga oo adeegsanayay suugaan wacyigelin ah oo dhiirrigelinaysay xorriyadda iyo midnimada bulshada.

Intii lagu guda jiray 1970-meeyadii, Maxamed Mooge si qarsoodi ah ayuu dalka uga baxay, wuxuuna muddo ku sugnaa dalalka Kiiniya iyo Ingiriiska, halkaas oo uu ka sii waday halganka faneed iyo midka siyaasadeed ee uu ku doonayay inuu ka hor yimaado nidaamka cadaawadda ku heystay shacabka Soomaaliyeed.

Maxamed Mooge wuxuu markii ugu horreysay ku biiray dhaqdhaqaaqii Siyaad-diidka ahaa ee [[SSDF|Jabhadda SSDF]], halkaas oo uu noqday fanaan hoggaaminayay halganka wacyigelinta. Waxaa ka mid ah heesihii uu qaaday &quot;Soomaalidu ma huruddaa?&quot; iyo &quot;Lix iyo labaatankii Juun ku lednay, kowdii Luulyo liibaaney, kow iyo labaatankii Oktoobar leeleelay&quot; — heeso si toos ah uga dhan ahaa nidaamkii kali-taliska. ku dhawaad muddo saddex sano ah ayuu maxamed mooge la shaqeynayay ''Jabhaddii SSDF''.

Maxamed Mooge wuxuu ahaa qof aad u nacayb badan xukunka Siyaad Barre, mana jirin heeso uu ku ammaanay nidaamkaas. Sidoo kale, ma jirin heeso badan oo Idaacadaha Dowladda Soomaaliyeed laga duubay, sababtoo ah Maxamed Mooge wuxuu u arkayay idaacadahaasi inay yihiin kuwo aan matalin shacabka, una adeegaya taliska.

Fanka Maxamed Mooge wuxuu ku jiraa qaybta fanka loo yaqaan &quot;Fadhiga,&quot; wuxuuna leeyahay cod lab-labaan ah oo aad u macaan, lehna luuq farshaxanimo ku dheehan. Codkiisa iyo laxankiisa ayaa dadka si qoto dheer u taabtay, waxaana la sheegaa in heesihiisa ay yihiin kuwa guryaha Soomaaliyeed laga maqlo ilaa iyo maanta. Maxamed Mooge wuxuu ahaa bulshaawi qalanbaawi, hilaad fog iyo hiyi durugsan, wuxuuna fankiisa u arkaa mid aan duugoobi doonin inta ay dad nool yihiin.

Maxamed Mooge wuxuu ahaa walaalkii fanka Soomaaliyeed ee caanka ahaa Axmed Mooge. Ilaahay naxariistii janno ha ka waraabiyo, Maxamed Mooge wuxuu ku shahiiday halganka xoraynta Soomaaliliand  5-ta June 1984.

===SNM===

Maxamed Mooge wuxuu si firfircoon uga qayb qaatay halgankii ka dhanka ahaa xukunka Siyaad Barre, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa hoggaamiyeyaashii wacyigelinta ee ururka SNM (Somaliland National Movement). Ka hor intii uusan si rasmi ah ugu biirin SNM, wuxuu ku jiray Jabhaddii SSDF, isagoo ah fanaan waday heeso si toos ah ula dagaalamay taliska.

Maxamed Mooge wuxuu ahaa madaxii warfaafinta iyo idaacaddii halganka ee SNM, isagoo si weyn uga qayb qaatay gudbinta fariimaha halganka iyo wacyigelinta bulshada. Waxa uu si hagar la’aan ah ugu huray noloshiisa hawlihii xoraynta, waxaana lagu xasuustaa geesinimadiisa iyo kartidiisa wacyigelineed.

Waxaa xusid mudan in Maxamed Mooge Liibaan, inuu ka mid ahaaa taliyeyaasha milatari ee SNM sida C''ol. Maxamed Kaahin , Col. Ibraahim Koodbuur'', C''ol.  Aadan Maxamed Guhad (Aden walli)'' , ''Mahamoud Ismail Gabush'' , ''Gen.Daoud iyo taliyayal iyo Saraakiil ciidamo badan'' , haddana uu si dhow ula shaqeyn jiray dhammaan qeybaha SNM . Mooge wuxuu codka iyo maskaxda wacyigelinta iyo siyasada ururka, isagoo  ahaa tiir-dhexaadka suugaanta halganka, Hawl-galinta , Sahanka iyo Bixinta talooyinka ciiddan.

====Hoggaamiyeyaasha La Xidhiidha (SNM)====

*Col. Ibraahim Koodbuur
*Col. Maxamed Kaahin Axmed
*Col. Aadan Maxamed Guhad (Aden Wali)
*Mahamoud Ismail Gabush
*Gen. Daoud
*Hussein Dheere
*Askar (Sarkaal)

===Geeridii Maxamed Mooge Liibaan===

Afartii bishii June 1984, abwaankii iyo halgamaa Maxamed Mooge Liibaan iyo 16 dagaalyahan oo ka tirsanaa SNM ayaa ku geeriyooday weerar jid-goyn ah oo ka dhacay meel u dhexaysa magaalooyinka Awaare iyo Dhagax Buur, gaar ahaan aagga Meermeerta . Weerarkan waxaa geystay ciidamadii taliska Siyaad Barre, waxaana si gaar ah loogu beegsaday madaxii wacyigelinta SNM iyo asxaabtiisii.

Waqtigaas, Maxamed Mooge iyo aqoonyahanno kale oo ka tirsanaa hoggaanka SNM waxay aad uga walaacsanaayeen in qaar ka mid ah saraakiisha ururka ay u xagliyeen nidaam ku dhisnaa khalaawo, foox la shido, iyo xiriir dhaw oo lala yeesho awliyada. Waxay u arkayeen in arrintaasi khatar gelin karto diyaargarowga milateri ee lagama maarmaanka ah, maadaama ay suuragal tahay in ciidamo aan si fiican u tababaran loo diro hawlgallo culus taas oo keeni karta khasaare weyn.

Subax ka mid ah maalmaha xiisaddaas, annaga oo shaah wada cabbayna, ayaa noo yimid Xassan Tarabi — oo markaas ahaa abaanduule ka tirsan ciidankii degganaa xerada. Habeenkii ka horreeyay (4/6/1984), waxaa soo baxay war sheegaya in Taliyaha Ciidanka SNM, Ibraahim Koodbuur, uu baabuurkiisii iyo ilaaladiisii khaaska ahayd siiyey sarkaal la oran jirey Ina Askar (ma aha Kornayl Cabdillahi Askar), oo ka mid ahaa saraakiisha khalaaweya. Habeenkaas, baabuurkii iyo ciidankii la socday Ina Askar ayaa ku dhacay gacanta ciidamadii Siyaad Barre meel la yiraahdo Celiyo, halkaasna lagu dilay ilaaladii iyo sarkaalkii, baabuurkiina subaxnimadii waxaa la geeyey Hargeysa.

Markii uu war ka helay dhacdadan, Maxamed Mooge ayaa si cadho leh ugu yidhi Xassan Tarabi — oo laftiisu ka mid ahaa raggii khalaaweya, islamarkaana xertiisa gaarka ah uu ka tirsanaa wadaadka la dilay — isagoo kaftan qadhaadh ku jiro:

&gt; “Xassan Tarabiyow, xiligan aadka u xun ee qof wax ka yaqaanna ciidamada iyo amnigooda aysan suuragal ahayn in sahal lagu seego, maxaa haddii Ina Askar yahay awliyo uu ciidanka faqashta ee Celiya ku gabanaya ugu sii sheegi waayey in khatar ay soo fool leedahay, oo aan loo sheegin?”


Hadalkan ayaa Xassan Tarabi cadho geliyey, wuxuuna isla markiiba bastoolad kala baxay, isagoo toogasho ku dhuftay Maxamed Mooge, xabadduna waxay ka cuskatay aagga goljilicda ee sarcanta guudkeeda.

Maxamed Mooge waxaa loo qaaday dhakhtarka ciidanka ee Awaare, balse dhakhtarku wuxuu ku taliyey in loo qaado Dhagax Buur. Intii lagu sii jiray safarka, weerarkii jid-goynta ayaa dhacay, halkaasna waxaa ku naf waayey Maxamed Mooge iyo ilaa 16 dagaalyahan oo la socday.

Allaha u naxariisto dhammaantood.

===Saameynta iyo Dhaxalka===

Maxamed Mooge wuxuu ka mid yahay halyeeyada fanka Soomaaliyeed ee saameynta weyn ku yeeshay hiddaha iyo dhaqanka. Waxa uu sii waday dhaqankii halganka iyo wacyigelinta iyadoo codkiisa iyo heesihiisu ay weli ku nool yihiin qalbiyada dad badan oo Soomaaliyeed, gaar ahaan bulshada Somaliland iyo guud ahaan Soomaalida.

Dhaxalkiisa faneed kuma eka halganka oo keliya, balse wuxuu ku muuqday sida uu u qaadan jiray gabayo iyo maansooyin qiimo leh oo suugaanta Soomaaliyeed hodmiyey. Wuxuu ku luuqeeyay gabayo badan oo cajiib ah oo ay curiyeen abwaanno waaweyn sida ''Sayid Maxamed Cabdille Xasan'' iyo ''Abwaan Qaasim''. Dhanka maansooyinka casriga ah, wuxuu sidoo kale si qiiro leh u qaadi jiray maansooyinka Abwaan Hadraawi, kuwaas oo uu u beddeli jiray heeso hodan ku ah micne iyo murti. Tani waxay muujinaysay aqoontiisa suugaaneed iyo sida uu ugu dheeraa fanka wacyigelinta bulshada.

Sido kale , dhaqanka waxa hodan ku ah suugaan, hees, gabay, iyo ciyaaro dhaqameed sida Dhaanto ,Baarcadaha iyo Jaandheerta , kuwaas oo gudbiya aqoon, wacyi, iyo xusuusta bulshada. Waxay sidoo kale xoojiyaan midnimada iyo isku xidhnaanta bulshada, iyagoo ilaalinaya afka iyo hiddaha dhaqankeena.

Maxamed Mooge sidoo kale wuxuu noqday astaan qaran oo lagu xasuusto geesinimada, halganka, iyo fanka isku mar, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid aan marnaba la ilaawi karin.

===Xigashooyin===

Cabdiqani Maxamed Xuseen, Taariikhda Fanka Soomaaliyeed, Hargeysa, 2010.

Axmed Maxamed Cali, Fanka iyo Siyaasadda Soomaaliya, Muqdisho, 2005.

Jaamac Maxamed Xuseen, Heesaha Halganka iyo Fanka Soomaalida, Djibouti, 2018.

== Heesha==
*''Aamiinta kula idhi''
*''Allahayow''
*''Adduunyoow''
*''Dadka hayska weyneyn''
*''Dalxiis''
*''Dhayyal looma heesee''
*''Doonidii Jacaylka''
*''Galbis''
*''Guga''
*''Hami Iyo Jacayl''
*''Haween U Samir''
*''Idil''
*''Ifka''
*''Jirab''
*''La Jiifiyaana''
*''Nabsiga Hiisha''
*''Nafta Ku Ogolaatay''
*''Oogada Jirkeygiyo''
*''Waa Oday Kasheekee''
*''Walaac''
*''Waayeel Dadow''
*''Xeebtaa Jabuuti''
*''Xilo Jano''
*''sabab kale ha moodine

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Fanka Soomaalida]]
* [[Dhaqan Soomaali]]

==References==
*[https://hadhwanaagnews.ca/mobile/articles/27948/Foolaad-iyo-fahamkaygii-WQ-Maxamed-Yaasiin-Maxamed Foolaad iyo fahamkaygii] (Buuga Foolaad).Sooyalkii M.Mooge.
*Journal of Somali Cultural Heritage — a historical account and analysis of Somali traditions and heritage, 8 October 2007.


{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Hees]]
[[Category:Fan iyo Suugaan]]
[[Category:Hiddo iyo dhaqan]]
[[Category: Muusiga]]
[[Category:Gabayada]]
[[Category: Filimaanta]]
[[Category: Qalabka Muusiga]]</text>
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{{About|Badweynta Koonfureed|}}
{{selfref2|''Boga &quot;[[Badweynta Antarktika]]&quot; halkan ayaa laga soo toosiyay.}}
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;width: 280px;&quot;
|-
|
{| style=&quot;background-color: #000; white-space: nowrap;&quot; cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0
|-
| [[File:Atlantic Ocean - en.png|140px|Badweynta Atlantik]][[File:Pacific_Ocean_-_en.png|140px|Dada Baasifik]]
|-
|  style=&quot;padding-left: 8px;&quot; | [[File:Arctic (orthographic projection).svg|140px|Arktik]][[File:Indian Ocean-CIA WFB Map.png|140px|Badweyta Hindiya]]
|-
| style=&quot;padding-left: 5px;&quot; | 
|-
| [[File:Location_Southern_Ocean.svg|126px|Bada Koonfureed]][[File:Apollo17WorldReversed.jpg|138px|Dhulka]]
|}
|-
|Maabka badaha ugu waaweyn aduunka: Badweynta Atlantik, Badweynta Baasifik, Badweynta Arktik, Badweynta Hindiya, Badweynta Koonfured iyo muuqaalka badaha aduunka ee [[dhul]]ka.
|-
|'''Shanta Badweyn ee Aduunka'''
* [[Badweynta Atlantika]]
* [[Badweynta Hindiya]]
* [[Badweynta Baasifik]]
* [[Badweynta Koonfured]]
* [[Badweynta Arktika]]
|}
'''Badweynta Koonfureed''', '''Badweynta Antarktika''' ({{lang-en|''Southern Ocean''}}; {{lang-ar|المحيط المتجمد الجنوبي}}) (sidoo kale loo yaqaano ''Badweynta Antarktik, Badweynta Awstral, Bada Koonfur, Bada aadka u weyn ee Koonfureed''&lt;ref&gt;{{citation |last=Hooker |first=Joseph Dalton |author-link=Joseph Dalton Hooker |title=''Flora Antarctica'': The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage |date=1844 |publisher=Reeve |location=London }}.&lt;/ref&gt;) waa mid ka mid ah [[badweyn|shanta badweyn]] ee [[aduun]]ka taasi oo dhacda meesha ugu xigta koonfurta [[dhul]]ka. Badweynta Koonfured waxay ku taalaa koonfuta [[dhig|dhigta 60° K]] taasi oo ku wareegsan gobolka [[Qaarada Antarktika]].&lt;ref name=CIAgeo&gt;{{cite web |title=Geography - Southern Ocean |work=CIA Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |accessdate=16 July 2012 |quote=... the Southern Ocean has the unique distinction of being a large circumpolar body of water totally encircling the continent of Antarctica; this ring of water lies between 60 degrees south latitude and the coast of Antarctica and encompasses 360 degrees of longitude. |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 Bisha Labaad 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Marka laga hadlayo baaxada iyo waynida, badweyntani waa [[bad|bada afaraad ee ugu weyn]] [[badweyn]]ta aduunka, waxaa ka wayn [[Badweynta Baasifik]], [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], iyo [[Badweynta Hindiya]]; waxaysa ka weyn tahay [[Badweynta Arktik]].&lt;ref name=CIAintro&gt;{{cite web |title=Introduction - Southern Ocean |work=CIA Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |accessdate=16 July 2012 |quote=...As such, the Southern Ocean is now the fourth largest of the world's five oceans (after the [[Pacific Ocean]], [[Atlantic Ocean]], and [[Indian Ocean]], but larger than the [[Arctic Ocean]]). |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 Bisha Labaad 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213224759/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/oo.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Biyaha badani waxay dhacaan soonaha biyaha [[qaboow]] iyo [[kul|diiran]] ku kulmaan.


Markii ugu horeeysay taariikhda waxaa sanadkii 1770kii la ogaaday badweyntani markii sahamiye kabtan James Kook u gooshay biyaha koonfureed ee aduunka. Intaas wixii ka dambeeyay waxaa [[Juquraafi|cilmiyahanada juquraafigu]] aad ugu qulqulayeen gobolka ay badweyntani ka mid tahay. Sidoo kale waxaa in mudo ah muran iyo is-afgaranwaa ka taagna xadka Badweynta Koonfureed, taasi oo meelo badan lagaga qasayey xadka ay la wadaagto Badweynta Baasifik, Badweynta Atlantik iyo Badweynta Hindiya.

[[Sanad|Sanadkii 2000]] wixii ka dambeeyay bulshada caalamku waxay isku raacday in Badweynta Koonfureed ka bilaabanto (ama lagu daro) dhigta lixdanaad koonfur.&lt;ref&gt;Pyne, Stephen J.; ''The Ice: A Journey to Antarctica''. University of Washington Press, 1986. (A study of Antarctica's exploration, earth-sciences, icescape, esthetics, literature, and geopolitics)&lt;/ref&gt;

=Antarktika=

[[File:Antarctica_6400px_from_Blue_Marble.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka Antarktika ([[NASA]]).]]
[[Antarktika]] waa [[qaarad]]a ugu xigta koonfurta [[Aduun]]ka, taasi oo juquraafi ahaan noqoneysa [[Cidhifka Koonfureed]] ee [[dhul]]ka. Qaarada Antarktika waxay ka mid tahay ''gobolka Antarktik'' ee waaxda koonfureed ee dhulka, taasi oo qeyb ka yihiin Iskuwareega Antarktik iyo [[Bada Koonfureed]]. Baaxada dhulka Antarktika waa mid aad u balaadhan, waxaana lagu qiyaasay [[milyan|14.0 milyan kilomitir labo jibaaran]] (5.4 milyan mayl labo jibaaran), taasi oo ka dhigeysa qaarada shanaad ee ugu weyn aduunka - waxaa ka weyn [[Afrika]], [[Aasiya]], [[Waqooyiga Ameerika]] iyo [[Koonfur Ameerika]].

Hadii Antarktika la barbardhigo qaarada [[Ustareliya]] weey ku labo laabmaysaa, taasi micnaheedu waa in Ustareliya le'eg tahay kala badh Antarktika. Sida la ogyahay ilaa 98% qaarada Antarktika waxaa qariyahay [[baraf]] kaasi oo leh dhumuc dhan 1.9 kilomitir (1.2 mayl),&lt;ref name=&quot;Bedmap2&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |author=British Antarctic Survey |title=Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica |journal=The Cryosphere journal |page=390 |url=http://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/375/2013/tc-7-375-2013.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=6 January 2014 |archive-date=16 Bisha Labaad 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216072841/https://www.the-cryosphere.net/7/375/2013/tc-7-375-2013.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; kuna fidsan dhammaan deegaanada qaarada marka laga reebo qeybta waqooyi oo kali ah.

Isku celcelis, qaarada Antarktika waa tan ugu [[qaboow]], qalalsan (biyo yar), ee ugu [[dabayl|dabaysha]] badan qaaradaha caalamka oo dhan. Sidoo kale waxay leedahay deegaano badan oo ugu dhaadheer jooga dhulka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=National Satellite, Data, and Information Service |title=National Geophysical Data Center |publisher=Government of the United States |url=http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html |accessdate=9 June 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613001502/http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html |archivedate=13 June 2006 |deadurl=no |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Juquraafi ahaan marka laga hadlayo deegaanada Antarktika waxaa lagu tiriyaa [[lamadegaan]] (saxare), sababtoo ah waxaa ka da'a [[roob]] aad u yar oo mararka qaar ka yar 200&amp;nbsp;mm (8&amp;nbsp;in) kaasi oo ku da'a deegaanada xeebaha oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Joyce |first=C. Alan |date=18 January 2007 |title=The World at a Glance: Surprising Facts |work=The World Almanac |url=http://www.worldalmanac.com/blog/2007/01/the_world_at_a_glance_surprisi.html |accessdate=7 February 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304001123/http://www.worldalmanac.com/blog/2007/01/the_world_at_a_glance_surprisi.html |archivedate=4 March 2009 |deadurl=no |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Sidoo kale waxaa xusid mudan [[heerkul]]ka Antarktika, wuxuu inta badan yahay −89&amp;nbsp;°C (−129&amp;nbsp;°F), in kastoo marka la iskucelceliyo guud ahaan noqonayso −63&amp;nbsp;°C (−81&amp;nbsp;°F). 

Dhinaca kale, qaarada Antarktika ma lahan dad si joogto ah ugu dhaqan ama nool deegaanadaadi. Laakiin waxaa wakhtiyo badan oo sanadka ah jooga tiro [[Saynis]]yahano iyo [[cilmi]]baadhayaal ah oo u dhexeeya 1,000 ilaa 5,000 qof kuwaasi oo ku baahsan dhinacyada qaarada.
Noolaha sida dabiiciga ah looga helo qaarada Antarktika waxaa ka mid ah algae, [[bakteeriya]], [[fungi]], xoogaa yar oo [[dhir]] ah, brotista, iyo noocyo kooban oo [[xayawaan]] ah, sida [[takfi]]da, [[qooleey]]da, sealska, iyo tardgrade. Dhirta ugu caansan ee laga helo deeganku waa ''tundra''.

Guud ahaan, qaarada Antarktika waa meel aan la kala lahayn (de facto), laakiin waxaa maamula oo gacanta ku haya dowladaha saxeexay ''&quot;Nidaamka Heshiiska Antarktika&quot;''. Heshiiskaasi waxaa sanadkii 1959kii saxeexay labo iyo toban wadan, wakhtiyadii ka dambeeyayna waxaa saxeexa ku biiray ilaa 39 wadan kale. Heshiiskaasi wuxuu meesha ka saarayaa in qaarada Antarktika loo isticmaalo siyaabo milatari, in hubka lagu tijaabiyo, in wasakhda hubka lau aaso ama la keeno, in la taageero ajandaha cilmi-baadhista, in [[macdan]] laga qoto iyo in la ilaaliyo hawada nadiifta ah ee qaarada.
Wadanadii ugu horeeyay waxaa ka mid ah [[Arjantiina]], [[Ustareliya]], [[Beljim]]ka, [[Jili]], [[Faransiiska]], [[Jabaan]], [[New Zealand]], [[Norway]], [[Koonfur Afrika]], [[Ruushka]], [[Ingiriis]]ka iyo [[Maraykanka]]
Cilmibaadhista ka socota qaarada waa mid caalami ah oo ilaa 4,000 aqoon yahay oo caalamka ka kala socda joogaan.


=Cidhifka Koonfureed=
[[File:Location Antarctica.svg|thumb|Koonfur pole]]

[[Cidhifka Koonfureed]] (South Pole) waa geeska ugu shisheeya ama ugu fog ee [[koonfur]]ta [[meere|meeraha]] [[dhul]]ka. Dunida aan ku nool nahay ee [[dhul]]ka waxay leedahay [[labo]] cidhif oo kala ah [[Cidhifka Waqooyi]] iyo [[Cidhifka Koonfur]] ee [[dhul]]ka.

Cirifka Koonfur ee aduunka waxee ku taalaa koonfurta ugu hooseeso [[aduunka]].
Cirifka Koonfur iyo [[Cirifka waqooyi]] waa meelaha 6 bilood maalin ah, 6 bilood habeen ah.labadaan meelood waa meesha oo aduunka ka wareegto.Meeshani waa meesha aduunka ugu nolosha adag amaba ugu daran,qofkii ugu horeeyay ee tagaa waxa uu ahaa [[Roald Amundsen]] waxay ahayd sanadii 1911.

=Muuqaalo=
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Low, grey clouds in the Gerlache Strait, Antarctica (6024286910).jpg
File:Point Wild, Elephant Island (6019044525).jpg
File:Drake2.JPG
File:Glacier on Elephant Island (6019646514).jpg
File:Glacier on Elephant Island (6019157835).jpg
File:Drake5.JPG
File:Low, grey clouds in the Gerlache Strait, Antarctica (6023762041).jpg
File:Kerguelen Plateau Subdivisions.jpg
File:Antartidamian2.jpg
File:Antarctica(js) 3.jpg
File:Antarctica-Region.png

&lt;/gallery&gt;

= Sidoo kale Fiiri =
* [[Badweyn]]
* [[Badweynta Arktik]]
* [[Badweynta Hindiya]]
* [[Badweynta Baasifig]]
* [[Badweynta Atlantika]]
* [[Badweynta Antaraktika]]

=Qoraalo Kale=
{{Bad}}
= Xigasho =
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20001122/The-Ocean-Floor-Its-Secrets-Revealed/  The Ocean Floor—Its Secrets Revealed]


{{Reflist}}

{{Gumud}}

[[Category:Juqraafi]]
[[Category:Badweyn]]
[[Category:Biyo]]
[[Category:Dhul]]
[[Category:badaha]]


{{commons|Southern Oceans}}</text>
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    <title>Burtuqaal</title>
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      <text bytes="4259" sha1="ayxvwlabrafuaz90h1gj13kx5ewy64v" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Bortuqaal
| native_name = {{native name|pt|República Portuguesa}}
| common_name = Bortuqaal
| image_flag = Flag of Portugal.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Portugal.svg
| symbol_type = Astaan qaran
| national_anthem = ''[[A Portuguesa]]''
| image_map = EU-Portugal.svg
| map_caption = Meesha Bortuqaal kaga taal Yurub
| capital = [[Lisbon]]
| largest_city = [[Lisbon]]
| official_languages = [[Af-Bortuqiis]]
| demonym = Bortuqiis
| government_type = [[Jamhuuriyad]] nus-madaxweyne ah
| leader_title1 = [[Madaxweynaha Bortuqaal|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1 = [[António José Seguro]]
| leader_title2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaaraha Bortuqaal|Ra'iisul wasaare]]
| leader_name2 = [[Luís Montenegro]]
| legislature = [[Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)|Golaha Jamhuuriyadda]]
| area_km2 = 92,226
| population_estimate = 10,749,635
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| currency = [[Yuuro]]
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = WET / AZOT
| utc_offset = +0 / -1
| time_zone_DST = WEST / AZOST
| utc_offset_DST = +1 / +0
| calling_code = +351
| cctld = [[.pt]]
}}

'''Bortuqaal''' ({{lang-pt|Portugal}}), si rasmi ah '''Jamhuuriyadda Bortuqaal''' ({{lang-pt|República Portuguesa}}), waa waddan ku yaalla koonfur-galbeed ee [[Yurub]]. Caasimaddiisu waa [[Lisbon]], luqaddiisa rasmiga ahna waa [[Af-Bortuqiis]].&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Portugal – EU country profile |url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/portugal_en |publisher=European Union |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bortuqaal wuxuu ku yaallaa galbeedka [[Jasiirad-gacmeedka Iberiya]]. Wuxuu xuduud la leeyahay [[Isbaaniya]], halka galbeedka iyo koonfurtana ay ka xigto [[Badweynta Atlantikada]]. Dalka waxaa sidoo kale ka tirsan jasiiradaha [[Azores]] iyo [[Madeira]].

== Juqraafi ==
Bortuqaal waa mid ka mid ah dalalka ugu galbeeya qaaradda Yurub. Dhulka dalka intiisa badan wuxuu ku yaallaa xeebta Atlantikada. Waqooyiga dalka waxaa ku badan buuro iyo dhul cagaaran, halka koonfurta, gaar ahaan gobolka Algarve, uu caan ku yahay xeebaha iyo dalxiiska.

== Taariikh kooban ==
Bortuqaal wuxuu ka mid yahay dalalka ugu taariikhda dheer Yurub. Boqortooyada Bortuqaal waxay samaysantay qarniyadii dhexe, waxaana markii dambe dalku noqday quwad badeed oo weyn. Qarnigii 15aad iyo 16aad, sahamiyeyaal Bortuqiis ah ayaa door weyn ku lahaa xiriirkii badaha ee Yurub, Afrika, Aasiya iyo Ameerika.

Jamhuuriyadda Bortuqaal waxaa lagu dhawaaqay 1910. Dalku wuxuu noqday dimuqraadiyad casri ah kadib Kacaankii Carnation ee 1974, wuxuuna ku biiray Midowga Yurub 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

== Dowladda ==
Bortuqaal waa jamhuuriyad nus-madaxweyne ah. Madaxweynaha waa madaxa qaranka, halka Ra'iisul Wasaaruhu yahay madaxa xukuumadda. Madaxweynaha hadda waa [[António José Seguro]], Ra'iisul Wasaaraha haddana waa [[Luís Montenegro]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The President – Biography |url=https://www.presidencia.pt/en-en/president-of-the-republic/the-president/ |publisher=Presidency of the Portuguese Republic |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Luís Montenegro – Prime Minister |url=https://portugal.gov.pt/en/gc25/prime-minister/about |publisher=Portuguese Republic Government Portal |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dhaqaale ==
Bortuqaal wuxuu xubin ka yahay [[Midowga Yurub]], wuxuuna isticmaalaa lacagta [[yuuro]]. Dhaqaalaha dalka waxaa muhiim u ah adeegyada, dalxiiska, beeraha, kalluumeysiga, warshadaha, iyo ganacsiga badda.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

== Magaalooyin waaweyn ==
Magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Bortuqaal waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Lisbon]]
* [[Porto]]
* [[Braga]]
* [[Coimbra]]
* [[Faro]]
* [[Funchal]]

== Dhaqan ==
Bortuqaal wuxuu caan ku yahay taariikhdiisa badeed, luqaddiisa, muusigga ''fado'', cuntada badda, kubbadda cagta, iyo magaalooyin taariikhi ah sida Lisbon iyo Porto. Af-Bortuqiisku waa luqad caalami ah oo looga hadlo dalal badan, gaar ahaan [[Baraasiil]], [[Angola]], [[Musambiik]], [[Cape Verde]] iyo [[Guinea-Bissau]].

== Sidoo kale fiiri ==
* [[Lisbon]]
* [[Af-Bortuqiis]]
* [[Isbaaniya]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[Azores]]
* [[Madeira]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Yurub}}

[[Category:Bortuqaal]]
[[Category:Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka Midowga Yurub]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kroatia</title>
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  <page>
    <title>Dishiishe</title>
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      <text bytes="5848" sha1="s2ovuq25wm8vut8zj99cs0pyh3ot8ls" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group|
|group = Dishiishe &lt;br&gt; دشيشي
|image =[[File:Ugaaska Dishiishe.jpg|thumb|Ugaas Xasan Ugaas Yaasin]]
|region1 = {{flagcountry|Soomaaliya}}
|region2 = {{flagcountry|Oman}}
 |region4 = {{flagcountry|Yemen}}
|region5 = 
|region6 = 
|langs = [[Af-Soomaali]] iyo [[Af-Carabi]]
|rels = [[Islam| Islam Sunni]]
|related-c = [[Gabtaanle]],  [[Majeerteen]],  [[Warsangali]], [[Tiinle]], [[Ogaadeen]], ,[[Mareexaan]], [[Reer-Darawiish]] iyo beelaha kale ee [[Daarood]]
|caption=Ugaaska guud ee beelweynta Dishiishe}}
'''Dishiishe''' ({{lang-en|''Dishiishe''}}, [[Carabi]] دشيشى) ; sidoo  kale  loo qoro  '''Dashiishe''', '''Dishishe''', Waa [[Beelaha Soomaalida|qabiil]] Soomaaliyeed oo  ka tirsan beelaha [[Harti]] ee beelwaynta [[Daarood]], waxayna ka mid yihiin laf hoosaadka '''Axmed Harti''' loona garan ogyahay '''Mooracase.''' Waxayna wada dhasheen beelaha Gabtaanle, Tiinle iyo Maganlabe,Waxay beeshu Degtaa Gobolada [[Bari (Gobol)|Bari]], [[Sanaag]] Iyo [[Jubbada Hoose|Jubbada hoose]] ee [[Soomaaliya]].Sidoo kale waxay degaan dalka [[Cumaan]]  gaar ahaan gobolka Dhofar. Dishiishe waxay soohdin la leeyihiin Dhanka Bari Majeerteen, dhanka Galbeedna Warsangeli. Waana Beel aad loogu qadariyo deegaanada [[Boosaaso]] iyo Hareeraheeda oo ah Degaanka ay Taariikh ahaan Degaan. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg |title=Ethnic Groups |author=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |year=2002 |work=Somalia Summary Map |publisher=[[Perry–Castañeda Library]] |accessdate=18 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Hordhac==
'''Dishiishe''' waa beel ka mid ah beelaha [[Harti]] ee [[Daarood]] kana sii ah [[Harti|Mooracase]], Qabiilkaan waxuu ku badanyahay woqooyiga gaar ahaan gobolada [[Bari]] &amp; [[Sanaag]], degaano ka mid ah dalalka [[Carabta|Cumaan]] iyo [[Yemen|Yemen]]. 

Waxay dhalasho wadaag yihiin beelaha [[Majeerteen]], [[Warsangali|Warsangeli]], [[Reer-Darawiish]], iyo beelo kale, oo dhamaan wada Ah ilmo [[Harti]], Koombe, kablalax, [[Daarood]].&lt;ref&gt;Soda laga soo xigtay Waayeelka , waxgaradka iyo soo jireenka Qabaa'ilkaa&lt;/ref&gt; 

Beeshaani waxay leedahay Ugaastooyo soo jireen ah oo maamuli jirtay deegaanada beeshu degto, sidoo kale beeshaani waxay gundhig u tahay Horumarka dhaqaale, Ilbaxnimo iyo Amni ee ka hana qaaday gobolada Waqooyi Bari soomaaliya wixii ka dambeeyay Burburkii dowladii dhexe ee dalka,  Waana beel bulshooyinka Soomaaliyeed ku soo dhoweysay deegaanadeeda oo ay ugu horayso Magaalada [[Boosaaso]].

[[File:48tirrryuco91.jpg|thumb|Boosaaso 1926]]

[[File:Somalia_tribes1977.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Khariidad Muujinaysa qayb ahaan sida ay u kala degaan qabaa'ilka Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/somalia.html|title=Somalia Maps - Perry–Castañeda Map Collection - UT Library Online|author=|date=|website=www.lib.utexas.edu|accessdate=6 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

==Abtirsi==
*Axmad Harti '''(''Mooracase'')''' Wuxuu dhalay Ismaaciil oo ay ka Farcameen
#Wacaysle Ismaaciil '''( Tiinle )'''
#Cabdalle Ismaaciil '''( Gabtaanle)'''
#Nuux Ismaaciil '''( Maganlabe)'''
#Abdiraxman Maxamuud Ismaaciil '''( Dishiishe )''' 


*Maxamuud Ismaaciil '''( Miyirwaq )''' Isna wuxuu dhalay Cabdiraxmaan '''(''Dishiishe'')''' oo ay ka farcameen 
#Ismaaciil Cabdiraxmaan (Meecaad)
#Cabdalle Cabdiraxmaan(''Makadoor'')'''


* Cabdalle Cabdiraxmaan
#Isxaaq Cabdalle '''( Reer Boqor )'''
#Cabdikariim Cabdalle 


*Cabdikariim Cabdalle
#Sakeriye Cabdikariim '''( Reer Sakeriye)'''
#Maxamuud Cabdikariim '''( Fiqi Case )'''


*Ismaaciil Cabdiraxmaan
#Saciid Ismaaciil 
#Yoonis Ismaaciil 
#Maxamed Ismaaciil (Ugaar)


*Ugaar Ismaaciil 
#Cabdalle Ugaar
#Cabdikariim Ugaar
#Cabdibaasid Ugaar&lt;br /&gt;
*'''Cabdalle''' Ugaar wuxu dhalay (Xuseen Cabdalle)
*'''Cabdikariim''' Ugaar Wuxuu dhalay Isxaaq oo ay ka farcameen
#Maxamed Isxaaq
#Saleebaan Isxaaq
#Axmed Isxaaq '''(''Reer Ugaas)'''''&lt;br /&gt;

#Xasan Ugaas Axmed
#Cali  Ugaas Axmed'''('' Mugdi '')'''
#Qaasim Ugaas  Axmed'''( Ooga cadde '')'''''
#Nuux  Ugaas Axmed


*'''Cabdibaasid''' Ugaar wuxu dhalay Jibriil Cabdibaasid. 
*Jibriil  Cabdibasid Ugaar 
# Maxamed Jibriil [Maxamed Jibriil waxa lagu naanaysi jiray &quot;'''Macaawiye'''&quot;] ('''Reer Macawiye'''
#Cismaan  Jibriil [Cismaan waxa lagu naanaysi jiray &quot;'''Cartan'''&quot;] ('''Reer Cartan)'''&lt;br /&gt;
*Cartan Jibriil Cabdibaasid Ugaar
#Maxamed Ciise Cartan Jibriil  Cabdibaasid  Ugaar '''(Reer M. Ciise )'''
#Faahiye Saalax Cartan Jibriil  Cabdibaasid Ugaar '''(Reer Faahiye )'''
# Rooble Cartan Jibriil Cabdibaasid Ugaar

*Rooble Cartan Jibriil  Cabdibaasid Ugaar
#Maxamed Rooble [Maxamed waxa lagu naanaysi jiray &quot;'''Gabdoon'''&quot;] '''( Reer Gabdoon)'''
#Isxaaq Rooble '''( Reer Isxaaq )'''
#Saalax Rooble
#Maxamuud Rooble&lt;br /&gt;
*Maxamuud Rooble Cartan Jibril Cabdibaasid Ugaar
#Muuse Maxamuud Rooble [Muuse waxa lagu naanaysi jiray &quot;'''Shaash'''&quot;] '''(Reer Shaash)'''
#Maxamed Maxamuud Rooble&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20200719225452/http://www.biyokulule.com/taxataranMooro.htm&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; [meel u ko noolyahay lama garanayo lkn tarikhdu waxay shegta inu galbed aday]
'''Guud ahaan Dishiishe wa 11 Beelood o kala ah:'''

# Rer Boqor
# Rer Sekeriye
# Rer Fiqi
# Yonis
# Siciid Ismaciil
# Xusen Cabdale
# Rer Macawiye
# Rer Cartan
# Rer Ugas
# Saleban
# Maxamed Isxaaq


Tixraac:
Buugga Taxa-taran,  Qore: Maxamuud Bile Dubbe
&lt;code&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20200719225452/http://www.biyokulule.com/taxataranMooro.htm&lt;/code&gt;

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
*[[Soomaali|Beelaha Soomaalida]]

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}
{{Beelaha Soomaalida}}
{{Commons|Category:Darod}}
[[Category:Qabiilada Soomaalida]]
[[Category:Soomaali]]
[[Category:Dadka Soomaaliga]]
[[Category:Macluumaadka Soomaaliya]]

Buugga Taxa-taran.  Qore ( Maxamuud Bile Dubbe 
Mareegta: Biyokulule.com ( https://web.archive.org/web/20200719225452/http://www.biyokulule.com/taxataranMooro.htm )</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Dagaar</title>
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      <text bytes="3907" sha1="avfjdhpaquvvwbswqpgg1tsnmoallpp" xml:space="preserve">Dooxada Dagaar waxa dega beesha Muuse abokor ee Habarjeclo, gaar ahaan beelaha bahsanbuur biciide  iyo abduruxmiin . Dooxada Dagaari waxay ka tirsantahay degmada [[Ceerigaabo]]. Dagaar waa xarunta dhaqanka saldannada guud ee bicide muse abokor habar jeclo 

==DOOXADA DAGAAR CERIGAABO==

'''DAGAAR'''
DOOXADA DAGAAR WAXAY ku taala magalada ceerigabo duledkeda konfureed waxayna magalada u jirtaa 15km  waa meel ku haboon dalxiiska 
waxana ku yaala togag rogmanaya oo dabiciya iyo dhuldaqsimed cagaaran oo indhaha so jidanaya waxa dalxiska u aada dhaman ee ceerigabo goobta aya waxa ka dhaca meherada xafladaha iyo wxi lamida&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=sanaag+map+erigavo&amp;fr=yhs-ima-st&amp;hspart=ima&amp;hsimp=yhs-st&amp;imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif#id=2&amp;iurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif&amp;action=click |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2025-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250125151159/https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=sanaag%20map%20erigavo&amp;fr=yhs-ima-st&amp;hspart=ima&amp;hsimp=yhs-st&amp;imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif#id=2&amp;iurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif&amp;action=click |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
sidoo kale waa dhuldaqsimed duleedka magalada ah aad ayay u balaadhan tahay dooxadu waana mid kamida nimcooyinka eebe ku manaystay ceerigaabo oo ku taala 
dhul joogiisu aad u sareeyo taas oo ka dhigtay meel roobab badan helaan&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714130629/https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==juqurafi ahaan==
dooxada dagaar waa dhul aad u baaxad weyn oo aad u quruxabadn si lamida dhulka gobolkasanaag degankani waa dhul dooxo togog kusoo 
rogmadaan oo barwaqo ah waxa lagu qiyaasa guud ahaaan 100km waxay kutala duledka koonfured  ee magalada ceriago&lt;ref&gt;https://mapcarta.com/Sanaag&lt;/ref&gt;
waxa ay dhanka koonfured ka xiga degamada yufle oo la tirsan cerigaabo oo u jirta ilaa 10km yufle laftedu waaxa weye dhul dqsimed aad u quru badan
oo dooxada lafteeu soo gaadho dooxada waxa laga helaa biyo area dedaoo dhan waana ilaha biyaha mustaqbalka ee degaankas https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 {{Wayback|url=https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |date=20190714130629 }}

==QABIILKA DEGA==
'''dagaar''' waxa dega beesha [[biciide]] ee [[muuse abokor]]  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://qabaayil.webs.com/habarjeclo.htm |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714130623/https://qabaayil.webs.com/habarjeclo.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; waxana ay kutaale duledka kkonfured ee cerigaabo&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erigavo&lt;/ref&gt; iyado 
cidna u diidin dhuldaqsimedkeda dadka iyo xoolaha  oo umada oodhami wada manafacad sadaan dhinacada galbeed waxa ka xiga dayaxa oo ay degan beesha'''[[uduruxmiin muuse]]'''
oo iyaguna kamida qabiilka '''[[muuse abokor]]'''&lt;ref&gt;https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=somalia+clan+map&amp;fr=yhs-ima-st&amp;hspart=ima&amp;hsimp=yhs-st&amp;imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F8%2F8b%2FSomalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg%2F1200px-Somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg#id=5&amp;iurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F8%2F8b%2FSomalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg%2F1200px-Somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg&amp;action=click{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Cite web |url=https://source/ |title=Warbixin |access-date=2026-05-11 |archive-date=2013-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130807131429/http://source/ |url-status=dead }}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kob Fardod</title>
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      <text bytes="9951" sha1="6azno32ypovsphh2wnoaqnb9wkz8lco" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Kob Fardod
| native_name        = Qoob Fardood / Qoryaweyn
| other_name         = Qoriawein / Dhabar Dalool / Wadaamagoo
| settlement_type    = Degmo Taariikheed &amp; Zawiya
| subdivision_type   = Waddan
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Somaliland}}
| subdivision_type1  = Gobol
| subdivision_name1  = [[Togdheer]]
| subdivision_type2  = Degmo
| subdivision_name2  = [[Degmada Aynabo]]
| established_title  = La aasaasay
| established_date   = Dabayaaqadii Qarnigii 19aad (c. 1891)
}}
 
'''Qoob Fardood''' (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Kob Fardod''' ama '''Kob Faradod''') waa degmo taariikheed muhiim ah oo ka tirsan qarnigii 19aad, xarun diini ([[zawiya]]), iyo xudunta juqraafi ee ku taalla dooxada [[Wadaamogoo]] ee [[Degmada Aynabo]], [[Somaliland]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Burgett160&quot;&gt;Burgett, Charles L. ''Gazetteer of Somalia: Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names''. Washington, D.C.: Defense Mapping Agency, 1982, bog. 160.&lt;/ref&gt; Taariikhiyan, goobtu waxay ahayd dhul ay deganaayeen jiilalka [[Isaaq]] (gaar ahaan laamaha [[Habr Yunis]] iyo [[Habr Je'lo]]) ugu yaraan tan iyo qarnigii 19aad, waxayna u shaqaysay meel shirarka looga qabanayay iyo goobta rasmiga ah ee ay ka dhashay [[Xarakadda Daraawiishta]] bishii Maarso iyo Abriil 1899.&lt;ref name=&quot;Swayne1895&quot;&gt;Swayne, H. G. C. ''Seventeen Trips Through Somáliland''. London: Rowland Ward and Co., 1895.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
Inkastoo khilaafaadyo luqadeed ay marmar ka dhacaan hadalka qoristiisa — kuwaas oo faraqa ka dhiga ereyada Soomaaliga ''qoob'' (faraha xoolaha) iyo ''kob'' (cududda) — khariidadihii Yurubta ee qarnigii 19aad iyo buugaagta juqraafiga caalamiga ah ee qarnigii 20aad waxay xaqiijiyaan inay labaduba yihiin qoraal kala duwan oo isla goob ah oo ku dhow [[Wadaamogoo]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Burgett160&quot;/&gt;
 
== Juqraafi iyo Goobta Saxda ah ==
 
Qaar ka mid ah akhriska casriga ah ee ku saabsan Qoob Fardood waxaa si weyn u saameeyay dhaleeceyn maamul oo isdaba joog ah. Kooxo danaha ajanabi u dooda ayaa inta badan isku dayi jiray inay goobta si khaldan ugu xidaan [[Degmada Buuhoodle]] ama [[Haud|Hawd]] si ay u beddelaan xuduudaha taariikhiga ah ee beelaha iyo gobolada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, khariidadaha rasmiga ah ee caalamiga ah iyo xog ururintii sirdoonka waxay si cad Qoob Fardood ugu xidhaan nidaamka biyaha Wadaamagoo:
 
* '''Qoob Fardood''' (Degmada Taariikheed): Waxaa rasmi ahaan lagu duubay xariiradaha {{coord|8|58|N|46|18|E}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;Burgett160&quot;/&gt;
* '''Wadaamagoo''' (Degmada Dadka): Waxaa lagu duubay {{coord|8|55|N|46|17|E}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;Burgett244&quot;&gt;Burgett, Charles L. ''Gazetteer of Somalia''. Defense Mapping Agency, 1982, bog. 244.&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''Dabar Dalol / Dhabar Dalool''' (Ceelka Biyaha): Wuxuu ku yaallaa {{coord|8|57|N|46|20|E}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;Burgett59&quot;&gt;Burgett, Charles L. iyo Heyda, Charles M. ''Gazetteer of Somalia''. Defense Mapping Agency, 1982, bog. 59.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
Shabakaddan juqraafigu waxay goobta taariikhiga ah ku dhigaysaa meel gaaban oo ka fogayn karin geedka Berde (tiin) ee hore ee Wadaamagoo, calaamad ku taalla dhexda wadada waddooyinka Waqooyi-Koonfur.
 
== Taariikhda ==
 
=== Aasaaskii Qarnigii 19aad ===
 
Degmadu waxay u shaqaysay xarun Suufi ah oo hore oo Ahmadiyya-Rashidiyya ah oo ay aasaaseen culimada maxalliga ah. Akhriska 1891 ee juqraafi-yaqaanka Talyaaniga Luigi Robecchi Bricchetti waxay dukumeentiyaan in dhismayaashii asalka ahaa ee &quot;Copfardod&quot; la gubay oo la burburiyay ka hor intaanu imaan, taas oo keentay in mullayadii maxalliga ahi ay dhisaan xarunta beddelka ah ee ku dhow ceelka Dhabar Dalool ee Wadaamagoo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bricchetti&quot;&gt;Robecchi Bricchetti, Luigi. ''Somalia e Benadir: viaggio di esplorazione nell'Africa orientale''.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
Xaaladdan muqaddaska ah waxaa kale oo xaqiijiya cilmi-baarista khariidadeed ee Koobitin Paget ee 1893 ee Somaliland, taas oo si cad ugu sawirta xudunta degmada Qoob Fardood, oo ku sawirta xarunta diiniga ee gaar ah hoos cinwaanka &quot;The Temple&quot; (Macbadka). Calaamaddan khariidadeed waxay xaqiijisaa in sirdoonkii ciidanka ee xilligaas uu si cad ugu aqoonsaday goobta inay tahay meel quduus ah oo rasmi ah iyo hay'ad diini sanado ka hor inta uusan u beddelin saldhig militari.&lt;ref name=&quot;Paget1893&quot;&gt;Paget, Captain Arthur. ''Map of Somaliland: Compiled from Reconnaissance Surveys''. London: Intelligence Division, War Office, 1893.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
U dhexeeya 1885 iyo 1893, Koobitin H. G. C. Swayne ayaa khariidadaynayay goobta oo uu si sidan ku tilmaamay: &quot;tuulo mullah oo loogu yaqaan Kob-Fardód, oo leh beerashada yar.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Swayne1895&quot;/&gt;
 
=== Shirka 1899 iyo Dhawaaqista Xukuumadnimada ===
 
Dabayaaqadii Maarso 1899, Suldaan [[Nuur Axmed Amaan]] oo ka tirsan [[Habr Yunis]] ayaa yimid deegaanka [[Wadaamogoo]] si uu xiriir ula sameeyo hoggaanka diiniga ee gobolka, isagoo dhisay nidaam dowladeed madaxbannaan bilihii ka horeeyay intii ay ganacsatadii Ingiriiska xeebta ka ogaadeen.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sadler1899&quot;&gt;Sadler, J. Hayes. Warqad Rasmiyeed Lambarka 30 u Diray Marquess of Salisbury. Aasaaska Arrimaha Dibedda, Abriil 1899.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
Kadib digniin ku saabsan qori adeeg ah oo la xaday oo ay keentay Gaashaanle Gamel Sowar Axmed Cadan bishii Abriil 10, 1899, hoggaanka wadajirka ah ee Qoob Fardood waxay u direen warqad rasmi ah Qunsuliga Ingiriiska ee Berbera, oo si cad ku dhawaaqday:
 
{{blockquote|...Warqaddani waxaa dirtay dhamaan Daraawiishta... Xaakim Berbera. Waxaan idin ka cabanayaa idinku iyo rayadiinna. Geeladayadu waxaa idin naga dulmiyo... Waxaan idinka baryayaa Ilaahay, Nebigaaga, diintaada, iyo kaniisaddaada – ha kicinin xumaanta wadanka; waayo haddaad noo dulmaato, dadkayaga garaacdo, lacagtayada qaadato, oo dadkayaga xabsi gasho, waan ka tagi doonaa oo aan imaan doonin wadankaaga. Waxaanu nahay Xukuumad, waxaanu leenahay Suldaan, Amiir, Odayaasha, iyo rayadda. Meeqa xigmad iyo taxaddar baa noo jirta?|Warqaddii Golaha Daraawiishta u Diray Xaakimka Berbera, dabayaaqadii Abriil 1899.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAI1899&quot;&gt;Aasaaska Qaranka ee Hindiya (NAI), New Delhi. Waaxda Dibedda-Dibadda-B, Ogosto 1899, N. 33–234. Ku-xidhnaanta 5, Lambarka 1: Bayaankii Axmed Cadan, Gamel Sowar.&lt;/ref&gt;}}
 
Diiwaankaan asalka ah ee aasaasiga ah wuxuu xaqiijinayaa in nidaamka xukuumadnimada Imaaradda Daraawiishta — oo ka kooban suldaankiisa siyaasadeed, Amiirkiisa ruuxiga ah, Odayaasha maamulka, iyo rayadda — uu si buuxda u shaqaynayay oo uu xiriir caalami ah la lahayd Qoob Fardood bishii Abriil 1899.
 
=== Olahan 1901 iyo Burburkii ===
 
Intii lagu jiray oloshii ugu horeysay ee Swayne ee Maayo 1901, tiirarka weerarka ee Ingiriiska ah ayaa ka soo gudbay Burco iyagoo maraya Ber iyo Eyl-Dab, isagoo bartilmaameedka ka dhigay xooga dooxada. Dhaqdhaqaaqyada hawlgalka Swayne waxaa bishiyo laba ah lagu dib u dhigay roobkii dambe kaas oo ku adkaystay daaqsimaha fardihiisa iyo geelaha gaadhida. Maalintii Maayo 28, 1901, qolalka xoojisan ee Qoob Fardood waa la qabsaday oo la gubay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciidamada Ingiriiska waxay masaajiddada dhexe si buuxda u ka tegeen si looga fogaado kicid diini oo qoto dheer, taas oo si joogto ah u burburisay goobta inay ahaato saldhig hawlgal oo firfircoon waxayna ku khasbay nidaamka xudunta Daraawiishta inay u guuraan koonfurta-bari ee [[Dooxada Nugaal]].&lt;ref name=&quot;McNeill1902&quot;&gt;McNeill, Malcolm. ''In Pursuit of the Mad Mullah: Service and Sport in the Somali Protectorate''. London: C. Arthur Pearson, 1902, bog. 88.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
== Khilaafaadyada Taariikhiga ==
 
Akhriska dhaqanka ee maxalliga ah iyo taariikhda dabayaaqadii qarnigii 20aad, gaar ahaan shaqooyinka taariikhyahanka Soomaaliga Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise, inta badan waxay qarsoon tahay xididaynta goobta iyo waqtiga saxda ah. Akhriskiisu wuxuu ku nisbeeynayaa aasaaska bilowga ah ee hoyga Daraawiishta jadwal kale oo dambe ah (1897–1898) oo si cad loogu xiddhay ceelka &quot;Qoryaweyn.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ciise1976&quot;&gt;Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise. ''Taariikhda Daraawiishta iyo Sayid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan''. Muqdisho, 1976.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, diiwaannada asalka ah iyo khariidadaha caalamiga ah waxay baadilaan kala-sooca juqraafigu. Buugga John Anthony Hunt ''A General Survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944–1950'' wuxuu diiwaangeliyaa dhismaha ceelka maxalliga ah ee Qoriawein xariiradaha {{coord|8|57|N|46|17|E}}, taas oo si toos ah ugu dhigta dhexda dareenka biyaha Wadaamagoo–Qoob Fardood.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hunt1951&quot;&gt;Hunt, John Anthony (1951). ''A General Survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944–1950: Final Report on An Economic Survey and Reconnaissance of the Somaliland Protectorate''.&lt;/ref&gt;
 
Shabakaddan juqraafigu waxay xaqiijinaysaa in magacyadu tixraacaan isla xudunta tuulada joogtada ah, waxayna muujinaysaa in kala-soocida waqtiga ee qoraallada dambe ay tahay natiijada wax laga beddelay maamuliyan halkay ka sugan xaqiiq juqraafi. Hagaajinnaadkaan akhriska dambe waxay si weyn u dahsoon siiyeen dhismaha diiniga iyo beeraha ee hore ee beelaha kala duwan oo ay dhiseen mullayadii gobolka hore intii [[Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan]] ku sugnaa xeebta [[Berbera]], halkaas oo uusan soo gaadhay samafalayaasha Ingiriiska ee xeebta ilaa horraantii 1899 sababo la xiriira khilaafaadyada xoolaha.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sadler1899&quot;/&gt;
 
== Tixraacyo ==
 
{{Reflist}}
 
== Sidoo kale eeg ==
 
* [[Xarakadda Daraawiishta (Soomaalida)]]
* [[Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan]]
* [[Habr Yunis]]
* [[Togdheer]]
* [[Degmada Aynabo]]
 
[[Barnaamijka:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]
[[Qayb:Xarakadda Daraawiishta]]
[[Qayb:Taariikhda Somaliland]]
[[Qayb:Degmada Aynabo]]
[[Qayb:Aasaasida 1899 Afrika]]
[[Qayb:Burburkii 1901 Afrika]]
[[Qayb:Degmooyinkii hore ee Somaliland]]
[[Qayb:Degmooyinka la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad]]
[[Qayb:Magaalooyinka la burburiyay]]
[[Qayb:Zawiyayo]]
[[Qayb:Goobyaha Suufiga]]
[[Qayb:Taariikhda Militariga Somaliland]]
[[Qayb:Degmooyinka Taariikhiga ee Somaliland]]
[[Qayb:Taariikhda Sool]]
[[Qayb:Taariikhda Togdheer]]
[[Qayb:Degmooyinka Degmada Aynabo]]
[[Qayb:Xarakadda Daraawiishta (Soomaalida)]]
[[Qayb:Xarumaha Suufiga ee Soomaaliya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jimmie Johnson</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1732" sha1="gizscfbizm1aifnnrpnbadvljqjkfgw" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jimmie Johnson Dover 2018 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Jimmie Johnson]]
'''Jimmie Kenneth Johnson''' (wuxuu ku dhashay [[El Cajon, California]], [[Sebtember 17]], [[1975]]) waa xirfadle Mareykan ah oo ku tartamaya baabuurta.

Johnson wuxuu ciyaaray ciyaarihii NASCAR Cup ee sanadihii 2002 ilaa 2020 xilli uu la joogay kooxda [[Hendrick Motorsports]]. Taxanahan wuxuu ku guuleystay toddobo cinwaan oo kala ah 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013 iyo 2016 wuxuuna barbareeyay rikoorka [[Richard Petty]] iyo [[Dale Earnhardt]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Fryer|first=Jenna|title=Jimmie Johnson seizes record-tying 7th NASCAR championship|url=http://racing.ap.org/article/jimmie-johnson-seizes-record-tying-7th-nascar-championship|accessdate=November 20, 2016|work=Associated Press|agency=[[Associated Press]]|publisher=AP Sports|date=November 20, 2016|location=[[Homestead, Florida]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124091427/http://racing.ap.org/article/jimmie-johnson-seizes-record-tying-7th-nascar-championship|archive-date=November 24, 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Laga bilaabo 2021 Johnson wuxuu u guuray IndyCar si uu ugu biiro kooxda [[Chip Ganassi Racing]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/jimmie-johnson-will-race-in-indy-car-in-2021-and-2022-152843041.html Seven-time NASCAR Cup Series champion Jimmie Johnson will race in IndyCar in 2021 and 2022] {{Wayback|url=https://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/jimmie-johnson-will-race-in-indy-car-in-2021-and-2022-152843041.html |date=20200922204316 }}. Yahoo Sports.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraac==
{{reflist}}

==Xiriirinta dibedda==
{{commons}}
*[http://www.jimmiejohnson.com Bogga rasmiga ah] {{Wayback|url=http://www.jimmiejohnson.com/ |date=20191220072156 }}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Johnson, Jimmie}}</text>
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    <title>Dawlada Falastiin</title>
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      <text bytes="124554" sha1="rz2hmredjr2c0c3zfpl6jmut27mym6n" xml:space="preserve">'''Falastiin''' ,si rasmi ah '''Dawladda Falastiin''' , waa waddan ku yaal Galbeedka [[Aasiya]] . Waxa aqoonsaday 147 ka mid ah 193-ka waddan ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ka kooban yahay , waxa ay ka kooban tahay Daanta Galbeed ee ay [[Israaiil]] haysato , oo ay ku jiraan Bariga Quddus iyo Marinka Qaza , oo loo wada yaqaanno dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto. Dhulalku waxay wadaagaan inta badan xudduudaha ay la leeyihiin Israa'iil , iyadoo Daanta Galbeed ay xuduud la leedahay Urdun oo bari ah iyo Marinka Qasa oo xuduud la leh Masar oo ka xigta koonfur-galbeed. Waxay leedahay bedka dhul dhan 6,020 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (2,320 sq mi) halka dadkeedu ay ka badan yihiin shan milyan. Caasimadeeda lagu dhawaaqay waa Jerusalem , halka Ramallah ay u adeegto sidii xarunteeda dhabta ah ee maamulka. Gaza waxay ahayd magaaladeedii ugu weyneyd ka hor daad-gureynta 2023 . {{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Dawladda Falastiin
| common_name            = Falastiin
| native_name            = دولة فلسطين [[Carabi]]
| image_flag             = Flag of Palestine.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of arms of Palestine.svg
| symbol_width           = 70px
| national_anthem        = &quot;{{lang|ar|{{big|فدائي}}}}&quot;&lt;br /&gt;{{lower|0.1em|&quot;[[Fida'i]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Palestine |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=nationalanthems.info |url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/ps.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331034257/http://www.nationalanthems.info/ps.htm |archive-date=31 March 2014 |format=includes audio |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;&quot;Fedayeen Warrior&quot;
[[File:Anthem of Palestine.ogg]]
| image_map              = State of Palestine (orthographic projection).svg
| map_width              = 220px
| map_caption            = [[w:Dhulka Falastiin|Dhul ay sheegatay Falastiin]] (Cagaar).&lt;br /&gt;Dhul ay sheegtay Israa'iil (cagaar khafiif ah).
| capital                = {{unbulleted list
|item1_style=margin-bottom:2px;|[[Jerusalem]] ([[w:Status of Jerusalem|limited recognition]]){{efn|The Palestinian Declaration of Independence ku dhawaaqo the &quot;establishment of the State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem (Al-Quds Ash-Sharif).&quot; Israel exercises ''de facto'' control over Jerusalem, but [[w:Status of Jerusalem|neither state’s claims to Jerusalem are widely recognized by the international community]]. [[Ramallah]] is the administrative capital where government institutions and [[List of diplomatic missions to Palestine|foreign representative offices]] are located, while most countries maintain their [[List of diplomatic missions in Israel|embassies to Israel]] in [[Tel Aviv]]. In [[Oslo I Accord]], few parts of Jerusalem went under control of the Palestinian government, but did not solved overall [[status of Jerusalem]].}}
|[[Ramallah]]
}}
| status                 = [[w:United Nations General Assembly observers|UN observer state]] under [[w:Israeli occupation of Palestine|Israeli occupation]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:International recognition of the State of Palestine|Recognized by 145 UN member states]]
| religion_year          = 2023
| capital_type           = {{unbulleted list
|item1_style=margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:2px;|Caasimada lagu dhawaaqay
|Xarunta&lt;br /&gt;Maamulka
}}
| largest_city           = [[Rafax]]{{efn|Before 2023, [[Gaza City]] was the largest city in the State of Palestine. Following attacks by Israel, a large amount of refugees from Gaza City and elsewhere in [[Gaza Strip|the Strip]] evacuated into the border city of Rafah, effectively making it the most populous city.}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/140699#:~:text=ActionAid%3A%20Conditions%20in%20Rafah%20at,over%20one%20million%20displaced%20people | title= ActionAid: Conditions in Rafah at breaking point, with over one million displaced people
 |work=wafa agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| official_languages     = [[Carabi|Carabi]]
| religion               = {{ublist
| 98% [[Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])
| 2% other
}}
| demonym                = [[Falastiiniyiinta|Falastiin]]
| government_type        = Jamhuuriyad [[madax-weyne midaysan]]&lt;ref name=declaration1988&gt;{{cite web|title=Declaration of Independence (1988) (UN Doc) |date=18 November 1988 |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=State of Palestine Permanent Observer Mission to the United Nations |url=http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/12353 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608203237/http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/12353 |archive-date=8 June 2014 |url-status=dead |publisher=United Nations }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- Articles in Wikipedia may not be used as citations; I have cited the published document --&gt;
| leader_title1          = [[Madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin|Madaxweyne]]
| leader_name1           = [[Maxamuud Cabaas]]{{{efn|name=PLOchair|Both presidents of the State of Palestine, [[Yasser Arafat]] and his successor [[Mahmoud Abbas]], were chosen beforehand as [[Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization]], the [[Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization|committee]] performing the roles of State of Palestine government.&lt;ref name=&quot;A67L28&quot;&gt;{{UN document |docid=A/67/L.28 |body=A |type=A |session=67 |document_number=37 |title=Question of Palestine |date=26 November 2012 |accessdate=11 June 2014}} and {{UN document |docid=A/RES/67/19 |body=A |type=R |session=67 |resolution_number=67/19 |title=Status of Palestine in the United Nations |date=29 November 2012 |accessdate=11 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GiE&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Sayigh |first1=Yezid |title=Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-19-829643-0 |edition=illustrated |page=624 |quote=The Palestinian National Council also empowered the central council to form a government-in-exile when appropriate, and the [[Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization|executive committee]] to perform the functions of government until such time as a government-in-exile was established.}}&lt;/ref&gt; See also [[Leaders of Palestinian institutions]].}}
| leader_title2          = [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Dowladda Falastiin|Ra'iisul Wasaare]]
| leader_name2           = [[w:Mohammad Mustafa (economist)|Mohammad Mustafa]]
| leader_title3          = [[w:Speaker of the Palestinian Legislative Council|Gudoomiyaha Baarlamaanka]]
| leader_name3           = [[w:Aziz Dweik|Aziz Dweik]]
| legislature            = [[w:Golaha Qaranka Falastiin|Golaha Qaranka]]
| sovereignty_type       = [[#History|Saameynta]]
| established_event1     = [[w:Ku dhawaaqida Madaxbanaanida Falastiin|Ku dhawaaqida Madaxbanaanida]]
| established_date1      = 15 November 1988
| established_event2     = [[w:United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19|UNGA observer state resolution]]
| established_date2      = 29 November 2012
| established_event3     = Qaranimada oo lagu muransan yahay[[Israa'iil]]
| established_date3      = [[w:Israeli–Colaadda Falastiin|Soconaya]]{{efn|Israel lets the [[Palestinian National Authority]] have some power in the Palestinian territories. This depends on the [[West Bank Areas in the Oslo II Accord|area classification]]. The Palestinian National Authority has some power (control of borders: [[National airspace|air]],&lt;ref name=GazaSeaAir&gt;[http://www.btselem.org/english/Gaza_Strip/Control_on_Air_space_and_territorial_waters.asp Israel's control of the airspace and the territorial waters of the Gaza Strip] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605005942/http://www.btselem.org/english/Gaza_Strip/Control_on_Air_space_and_territorial_waters.asp |date=5 June 2011 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; sea beyond [[internal waters]],&lt;ref name=GazaSeaAir /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg Map of Gaza fishing limits, &quot;security zones&quot;] {{Wayback|url=http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg |date=20110726000805 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726000805/http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg |date=26 July 2011 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; [[European Union Border Assistance Mission Rafah|land]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace+Process/Guide+to+the+Peace+Process/Israels+Disengagement+Plan-+Renewing+the+Peace+Process+Apr+2005.htm Israel's Disengagement Plan: Renewing the Peace Process] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302014936/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Guide%20to%20the%20Peace%20Process/Israels%20Disengagement%20Plan-%20Renewing%20the%20Peace%20Process%20Apr%202005.htm |date=2 March 2007 }}: &quot;Israel will guard the perimeter of the Gaza Strip, continue to control Gaza air space, and continue to patrol the sea off the Gaza coast. ... Israel will continue to maintain its essential military presence to prevent arms smuggling along the border between the Gaza Strip and Egypt ([[Philadelphi Route]]), until the security situation and cooperation with Egypt permit an alternative security arrangement.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;) in the Gaza Strip (its land and Egypt part of the land border are under [[Governance of the Gaza Strip|Hamas control]])&lt;ref name=HumanRightsWatch&gt;{{cite web |title=Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]] |date=29 October 2004 |url=https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101210931/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm |archive-date=1 November 2008 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=[[Dore Gold|Gold, Dore]] |title=Legal Acrobatics: The Palestinian Claim that Gaza Is Still 'Occupied' Even After Israel Withdraws |journal=Jerusalem Issue Brief |volume=5 |issue=3 |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] |date=26 August 2005 |url=http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |archive-date=21 June 2010 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=[[Avi Bell|Bell, Abraham]] |title=International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense |journal=Jerusalem Issue Brief |volume=7 |issue=29 |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] |date=28 January 2008 |url=http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |archive-date=21 June 2010 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Transcript |title=Address by FM Livni to the 8th Herzliya Conference |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)|Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] |date=22 January 2008 |url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Speeches+by+Israeli+leaders/2008/Address+by+FM+Livni+to+the+8th+Herzliya+Conference+22-Jan-2008.htm?DisplayMode=print |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026025009/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Speeches%2Bby%2BIsraeli%2Bleaders/2008/Address%2Bby%2BFM%2BLivni%2Bto%2Bthe%2B8th%2BHerzliya%2BConference%2B22-Jan-2008.htm?DisplayMode=print |archive-date=26 October 2011 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Salih, Zak M. |title=Panelists Disagree Over Gaza's Occupation Status |publisher=[[University of Virginia School of Law]] |date=17 November 2005 |url=http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; See also ''[[Israeli-occupied territories]]''.|name=control}}

&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first1=Maayana |last1=Miskin |title=PA Weighs 'State of Palestine' Passport |date=5 December 2012 |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=israelnationalnews.com |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162844#.U5TD6vmICm6 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207082503/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162844 |archive-date=7 December 2012 |url-status=live |publisher=Arutz Sheva |quote=A senior PA official revealed the plans in an interview with ''Al-Quds'' newspaper. The change to 'state' status is important because it shows that 'the state of Palestine is occupied,' he said. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Limitations&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=State of Palestine name change shows limitations|url=https://news.yahoo.com/state-palestine-name-change-shows-limitations-200641448.html|agency=AP|date=17 January 2013|quote=Israel remains in charge of territories the world says should one day make up that state.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110025703/http://news.yahoo.com/state-palestine-name-change-shows-limitations-200641448.html |archive-date=10 January 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_km2               = 6,020&lt;ref name=&quot;UN Stats-2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |chapter-url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf |chapter=Table 3, Population by sex, annual rate of population increase, surface area and density |title=Demographic Yearbook |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm |date=2012 |publisher=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] |access-date=28 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015114145/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm |archive-date=15 October 2017 |url-status=live  }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;!-- Area should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| area_rank              = 163rd &lt;!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| area_footnote          = 
| area_sq_mi             = 2,320 &lt;!-- Area should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --&gt;
| percent_water          = 3.5&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/ |title=The World Factbook: Middle East: West Bank |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=7 April 2014 |access-date=8 June 2014 |archive-date=22 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722231029/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_label2            = [[West Bank]]
| area_data2             = 5,655 km{{smallsup|2}}
| area_label3            = [[Gaza Strip]]
| area_data3             = 365 km{{smallsup|2}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gaza-strip/ |title=The World Factbook: Middle East: Gaza Strip |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=12 May 2014 |access-date=8 June 2014 |archive-date=12 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112082940/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gaza-strip |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate    = 5,483,450&lt;ref name=&quot;census&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url=https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&amp;table_id=676| title=Estimated Population in the Palestine Mid-Year by Governorate,1997-2026| publisher=Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics| access-date=7 December 2022| archive-date=7 December 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207112233/https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&amp;table_id=676| url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2023
| population_estimate_rank = 121aad
| population_census_year = 
| population_density_km2 = 731
| population_density_sq_mi = 1,895
| population_density_rank = 
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $36.391 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=487,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Palestine) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=16 October 2023 |archive-date=23 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023133432/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=487,&amp;s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2028&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2023
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 138aad
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $6,642&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 131aad
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $18.109 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2021
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 121aad
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $3,464&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEO.PS&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 140aad
| Gini_year              = 2016
| Gini_change            = decrease&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini                   = 33.7 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref               = &lt;ref name=gini-index&gt;{{cite web|title=GINI index coefficient: West Bank &amp; Gaza|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison|publisher=CIA Factbook|access-date=12 August 2021|archive-date=30 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630032239/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI                    = [[File:Decrease2.svg|12px|border]]0.674&lt;!--number only, between 0 and 1--&gt;
| HDI_year               = 2023&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change             = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                = &lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020|archive-date=15 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215063955/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank               = 106aad
| currency               = {{unbulleted list |Pound Masar ([[ISO 4217|EGP]]) |[[Israeli new shekel]] (ILS) |[[Jordanian dinar]] (JOD) |(''[[xaqiiqo]]'')&lt;ref&gt;According to [https://web.archive.org/web/20161001065601/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%2BProcess/Guide%2Bto%2Bthe%2BPeace%2BProcess/Gaza-Jericho%2BAgreement%2BAnnex%2BIV%2B-%2BEconomic%2BProtoco.htm Article 4 of the 1994 Paris Protocol], the State of Palestine has no official currency. The Protocol allows the Palestinian Authority to adopt multiple currencies. In the [[West Bank]], the Israeli new sheqel and Jordanian dinar are widely accepted, while in the [[Gaza Strip]] the Israeli new sheqel and Egyptian pound are widely accepted.&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| time_zone              = Waqtiga caadiga ah ee Falastiin
| utc_offset             = +2
| utc_offset_DST         = +3
| time_zone_DST          = [[Waqtiga Xagaaga ee Falastiin]]
| date_format            = dd/mm/yyyy&lt;!--numeric dates (dd-mm-yyyy, yyyy.mm.dd, etc.) plus era (CE, AD, AH, etc.)--&gt;
| drives_on              = Sax
| calling_code           = +970
| iso3166code            = 
| cctld                  = [[.ps]]
| footnote_a             = 
| footnote_b             = 
| footnote_c                                                                         }}
Waxay ku taal meel isgoys ah oo qaaradda ah , gobolka Falastiin waxaa xukumayay boqortooyo kala duwan waxayna la kulmeen isbeddello bulsho oo kala duwan laga soo bilaabo waayihii hore ilaa casrigan. Waxa ay cagta saartay ciidamada Niilka iyo Mesobotaamiya iyo baayacmushtar ka yimid Waqooyiga Afrika, Shiinaha iyo Hindiya. Gobolku wuxuu leeyahay muhiimad diineed . Colaadda Israa’iil iyo Falastiin ee socota waxay soo bilaabatay soo ifbaxa dhaqdhaqaaqa Sahyuuniyadda , oo ay taageerto Boqortooyada Ingiriiska intii lagu jiray dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka . Dagaalku wuxuu arkay in Ingiriisku gumaysanayo Falastiin oo uu ka haysto Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta halkaas oo ay ka dhisteen Falastiin Qasab ah oo hoos imanaysa ururka League of Nations . Soo galootiga Yuhuuda oo kordhay ayaa sababay iska hor imaad dhex maray Yuhuuda iyo Carabta Falastiiniyiinta , kaas oo isu bedelay dagaal sokeeye 1947 ka dib markii ay Qaramada Midoobay soo jeedisay in la kala qaybiyo ay diideen Falastiiniyiinta iyo dalalka kale ee Carabta .
Dagaalkii Falastiin ee 1948 wuxuu arkay barakicin xoog leh oo badan oo ka mid ah dadka Carabta, oo sidaas darteed la aasaasay Israa'iil; Dhacdooyinkan waxa ay falastiiniyiintu u yaqaaniin Nakba ('masiibo'). Dagaalkii lixda maalmood socday ee 1967, Israa'iil waxay qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza , oo ay kala haysteen Jordan iyo Masar siday u kala horreeyaan. Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu ku dhawaaqay madax-bannaani 1988. 1993, PLO waxay heshiis Oslo la saxiixday Israel, abuurista maamulka PLO ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza iyada oo loo marayo Maamulka Falastiin (PA). Israa'iil ayaa Gaza isaga baxday sannadkii 2005-tii oo ay ka go'day , balse dhulkaas ayaa weli loo arkaa in uu ku jiro qabsasho ciidan, waxaana go'doomiyay Israa'iil. Sannadkii 2007dii, kala qaybsanaan gudaha ah oo u dhaxaysa kooxaha siyaasadda ayaa horseeday in Xamaas ay la wareegto Gaza . Tan iyo markaas, Daanta Galbeed waxaa maamula qayb kamid ah ururka Fatax uu hoggaamiyo, halka Marinka Qaza uu weli ku sii jiro gacanta Xamaas .
Israa'iil ayaa tan iyo 1967-dii ka dhisatay deegaamayn ballaaran oo ay ka dhisatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Bariga Quddus, kuwaas oo hadda ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan 670,000 oo Israa'iil ah oo degganaa, kuwaas oo sharci darro ah marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah . Weeraradii ay qaadeen kooxaha hubaysan ee Xamaas ay hogaaminayso bishii Oktoobar 2023 ee Israa’iil waxaa ku xigay dagaalka Gaza , kaas oo sababay khasaare nafeed oo baaxad leh, barokac dadwayne , dhibaato bini’aadantinimo , iyo macaluul ka socota Marinka Gaza. Sida laga soo xigtay guddi gaar ah oo Qaramada Midoobay ah , Amnesty International iyo khubaro kale iyo hay'adaha xuquuqul insaanka, Israa'iil waxay geysatay xasuuq ka dhan ah dadka reer Falastiin intii ay socotay duullaanka iyo duqeymaha ay ku hayso marinka Qaza . 
Qaar ka mid ah caqabadaha haysta Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dawlad aan waxtar lahayn, qabsashada Israa'iil, xannibaado, xannibaado dhaqdhaqaaqa , deegaamaynta Israa'iil iyo rabshadaha degayaasha , iyo sidoo kale xaalad ammaan guud oo liidata. Su'aalaha xuduudaha Falastiin , sharciga iyo xaaladda diblomaasiyadeed ee Jerusalem, iyo xuquuqda soo celinta qaxootiga Falastiin ayaa weli aan la xalin. Iyadoo ay jiraan caqabadahaas, waddanku waxa uu sii wadaa dhaqaale soo koraya oo wuxuu arkaa dalxiis joogto ah . Carabiga waa luqadda rasmiga ah ee dalka. Iyadoo inta badan Falastiiniyiintu ay ku dhaqmaan diinta Islaamka , Masiixiyadda sidoo kale waxay leedahay joogitaan . Falastiin ayaa sidoo kale xubin ka ah dhowr urur oo caalami ah oo ay ku jiraan Jaamacadda Carabta iyo Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka , UNESCO  iyo wafdi xildhibaanno ah oo fadhiya Golaha Baarlamaanka ee Golaha Yurub.

==Asalka erayga==
Erayga &quot;Falastiin&quot; (Laatiin, Palæstina ) wuxuu ka yimid Giriiggii hore oo ka yimid magac-sare oo Semitic ah oo loogu talagalay guud ahaan aagga guud ee soo noqnoqda dabayaaqadii qarnigii labaad ee BCE, falcelintaas oo sidoo kale laga helayo qowmiyadda Baybalka ee Falastiin . Erayga &quot;Falastiin&quot; waxa loo adeegsaday in lagu tilmaamo aagga koonfur-bari ee badda Mediterranean-ka ee ka xigta Suuriya .Qarnigii 5-aad ee BCE, shaqadiisa Taariikhda , Herodotus wuxuu adeegsaday ereyga si uu u qeexo &quot;degmada Suuriya, oo loo yaqaan Palaistine&quot; kaas oo Fenishiyan ay la falgaleen dadyowga kale ee badda. 
===Eray bixinta===
Maqaalkani waxa uu adeegsanayaa ereyada &quot;Falastiin&quot;, &quot;Dawladda Falastiin&quot;, &quot;Dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto (oPt ama OPT)&quot; si is beddel ah iyadoo ku xidhan macnaha guud. Gaar ahaan, ereyga &quot;dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto&quot; waxaa loola jeedaa guud ahaan aagga juqraafi ee dhulka falastiiniyiinta ee ay qabsato Israa'iil tan iyo 1967. Falastiin waxay ku xiran tahay xaaladaha, waxaa loo tixraaci karaa waddan ama dawlad, maamulkeedana guud ahaan waxaa loo aqoonsan karaa inay tahay Dawladda Falastiin

==Taariikhda==
===Laga soo bilaabo taariikhdii hore ilaa waagii Cusmaaniyiinta===
Gobolka Falastiin waa qayb ka mid ah gobolka ballaadhan ee Levant , kaas oo u taagan buundada dhulka ee u dhaxaysa Afrika iyo Eurasia . Meelaha Levant dhaqan ahaan waxay u adeegaan sidii &quot;isgoysyada Galbeedka Aasiya , Bariga Mediterranean-ka , iyo Waqooyi Bari Afrika &quot;, iyo ereyada tectonic waxay ku yaalaan &quot;waqooyi-galbeed ee saxanka Carabta &quot;.  Falastiin lafteedu waxay ka mid ahayd gobollada ugu horreeya si ay u arkaan deegaanka aadanaha, bulshooyinka beeraha iyo ilbaxnimada . Meesha ay ku taallo awgeed, waxaa taariikh ahaan loo arkayay inay tahay jid-goynta diinta, dhaqanka, ganacsiga iyo siyaasadda. Qarnigii Bronze-ka , reer Kancaanku waxay dhisteen dawlado-magaalo oo ay saamaysay ilbaxnimooyinka ku xeeran, oo ay ka mid yihiin Masar, oo xukumaysay aagga qarniyadii naxaasta. Intii lagu jiray xilligii birta , laba boqortooyo oo Israa'iil ah oo xidhiidh la lahaa , Israa'iil iyo Yahuudda , ayaa gacanta ku hayay inta badan Falastiin, halka Falastiiniyiintuna ay qabsadeen xeebta koonfureed. Reer Ashuur waxay qabsadeen gobolka qarnigii 8aad ee BC, ka dibna Baabiyloon c.  601 BCE , waxaa ku xigay Boqortooyadii Achaemenid ee Faaris oo qabsatay Boqortooyadii Baabiyloon 539 BCE. Alexander the Great wuxuu qabsaday boqortooyadii Faaris dabayaaqadii 330-meeyadii BC, isagoo bilaabay Hellenization .
Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 2aad ee BCE Kacdoonkii Maccabean , Boqortooyada Hasmonean ee Yuhuuddu waxay qabsatay Falastiin inteeda badan; Boqortooyadu ka dib waxay noqotay vassal Rome , kaas oo ku daray 63 BCE. Yahuudiya Roomaanka waxaa dhibay kacdoonadii Yuhuuda 66 CE, sidaas darteed Rome waxay burburisay Yeruusaalem iyo Macbadka Labaad ee Yuhuudda 70 CE. Qarnigii 4aad, markii Boqortooyada Roomaanka ay qaadatay diinta Masiixiga , Falastiin waxay noqotay xarun diinta, soo jiidata xujaajta, suufiyada iyo culimada. Ka dib qabsashadii Muslimiinta ee Levant 636-641, boqortooyadii xukumayay ayaa midba midka kale ka dambeeyay: Rashiduns ; Umayyad , Cabbaasiyiinta ; Tuluniyiinta iyo Ikhshidiid kuwa madaxa banaan ; Faadimiyiinta ; iyo Seljuks . Sanadkii 1099, Saliibiyadii Koowaad waxay keentay in Saliibiyiintu ay dhistaan ​​Boqortooyada Jerusalem , taas oo ay dib u qabsadeen Ayyubid Sultanate 1187. Ka dib duulaankii Boqortooyada Mongol ee dabayaaqadii 1250-meeyadii, Mamluks Masar waxay dib ula midoobeen Falastiin iyada oo ay maamusho , ka hor inta aan gobolka la qabsan Boqortooyadii 1aad ee Suuriya. Qarnigii 20aad inta badan muran la'aan
===Kor u kaca qarannimada Falastiin===
In kasta oo dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah, gaar ahaan qoysaska caanka ah ee magaalooyinka ka shaqeeya gudaha xafiiska Ottoman, guud ahaan waxay sii hayaan daacadnimadooda Ottomans, waxay sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka ciyaareen kor u kaca wadaninimada Carabta , iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa Pan-Arabic kuwaas oo ka jawaabay labadaba soo ifbaxa dhaqdhaqaaqa dhalinyarada Turkiga iyo daciifinta dambe ee dagaalka ee Sion ee awoodda 7 . kuwaas oo doonayey in ay ka dhisaan dhulka Yuhuuda ee Falastiin, sidoo kale waxay saameyn xooggan ku yeesheen miyir-qabka qaranka Falastiin. 
Cabdul Xamiid , oo ahaa suldaankii ugu dambeeyay ee Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta, ayaa ka horyimid dadaallada dhaqdhaqaaqa Sahyuuniyadda ee Falastiin. Dhammaadkii taliskii Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta ee Falastiin waxay ku soo beegantay markii uu dhammaaday dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka . Fashilka Amiir Faysal ee ku guul daraystay in la dhiso Suuriya-weyn iyada oo la eegayo sheegashada gumaystaha Faransiiska iyo Ingiriiska ee aaggaas, waxa kale oo ay qaabaysay dedaallada madaxda falastiiniyiinta si ay u helaan madaxbannaani maxalli ah.  Ka dib dagaalkii, Falastiin waxay soo gashay gacanta Ingiriiska iyada oo la fulinayo Waajibaadka Ingiriiska ee Falastiin 1920.
===Waajibaadka Ingiriiska===
[[File:Deir Yassin 1930s.jpg|thumb|Xasuuqa Deyr Yaasiin ee tuulooyinka Falastiin waxaa fuliyay malayshiyaadka Sahyuuniyadda, Irgun iyo Lehi intii lagu jiray dagaalkii Falastiin 1948-kii .]]
Jabkii Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta ee dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka waxa ay keentay in xukunkoodii la burburiyo. Sannadkii 1920-kii, Ururka Qarammada Midoobay waxa ay siisay Britain awoodda ay ku maamusho Falastiin, taas oo horseedaysa xilliga xiga ee maamulka Ingiriiska. Sannadkii 1917kii, Quddus waxa qabsaday ciidammo Ingiriis ah oo uu hoggaaminayey General Allenby , taasoo calaamad u ahayd dhammaadka xukunkii Cusmaaniyiinta ee magaalada.  Sannadkii 1920-kii, xiisado ayaa ka dhex qarxay beelaha Yuhuudda iyo Carabta, taasoo keentay isku dhacyo rabshado wata iyo rabshado ka dhacay guud ahaan Falastiin. 
Jamciyadda Quruumuhu waxay ansixiyeen Mandate-ka Ingiriiska ee Falastiin 1922-kii, iyaga oo u wakiishay Ingiriiska maamulka gobolka.  Intii lagu jiray 1920-meeyadii, Falastiin waxay la kulantay iska caabin sii kordheysa oo ka timid labada dhaqdhaqaaq ee wadaninimada Yuhuudda iyo Carabta, kuwaas oo ka muuqday rabshado goos goos ah iyo mudaaharaadyo ka dhan ah siyaasadaha Ingiriiska.  Sannadkii 1929-kii, rabshado rabshado wata ayaa ka qarxay Falastiin sababo la xidhiidha murannada socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo gelitaanka gidaarka Galbeed ee Qudus. 
1930-meeyadii ayaa goob joog u ahaa kacdoonkii Carabta , iyadoo wadaniyiinta Carabta ay dalbadeen in la joojiyo socdaalka Yahuudda iyo in la dhiso dowlad Carab ah oo madax banaan. Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya kacdoonka Carabta, Ingiriisku waxa uu geeyay ciidamo millatari waxana uu fuliyay tallaabooyin adag oo amniga ah si uu u damiyo kacdoonka. 
Kooxaha wadaniiyiinta Carabta, oo uu hogaaminayo guddiga sare ee Carabta ,ayaa ku baaqay in la joojiyo socdaalka Yuhuuda iyo iibinta dhulka ee Yuhuuda. Soo saarista 1939-kii warqad cad oo ay soo saartay dawladda Ingiriisku waxay ujeedadeedu ahayd in ay wax ka qabato xiisadaha sii kordhaya ee Carabta iyo Yuhuudda ee Falastiin.  Dukumeenti siyaasadeedkan ayaa xayiraad ku soo rogay socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo iibsashada dhulka, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in la xaddido samaynta dawlad Yuhuudi ah. Waxay la kulantay mucaaradad xooggan oo ka timid dhaqdhaqaaqa Sionist, Warqadda cad waxaa loo arkay inay tahay khiyaano ku dhawaaqida Balfour iyo rabitaanka Sionist ee dhulkii Yuhuudda
Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya warqadda cad, bulshada Sahyuuniyadda ee Falastiin waxay soo abaabushay shaqo joojin 1939-kii, oo ay kaga soo horjeedeen xannibaadaha socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo la wareegidda dhulka.  Shaqo joojintan ka dhanka ah warqada cad waxay ku lug lahayd mudaaharaadyo, caasinimo shacab, iyo xidhidh ganacsiyo.  Waxaa taageeraya ururada kala duwan ee Sahyuuniyadda, oo ay ku jiraan Hay'adda Yuhuudda iyo Histadrut (Xiriirka Guud ee Shaqada Yuhuudda), shaqo-joojinta warqadda cad ee ka-hortagga ah waxay ujeeddadeedu tahay in ay ka mudaaharaadaan oo ay ka hortagaan xaddidaadaha ay soo rogtay dawladda Ingiriiska. 
Dabayaaqadii 1930-meeyadii iyo 1940-meeyadii, kooxo badan oo Sahyuuniyadda Sahyuuniyadda ah, oo ay ku jiraan Irgun , Hagana , iyo Lehi , waxa ay fuliyeen falal rabshado ah oo ka dhan ah millatariga Ingiriiska iyo bartilmaameedyadii rayidka ahaa ee ay ku baadigoobayeen dowlad madax bannaan oo Yahuudda ah. Iyadoo Muftiga weyn ee Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini , uu la kaashaday Nazi Germany xilligii dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka, dhammaan muslimiintu ma taageereen ficilladiisa, waxaana jiray dhacdooyin ay Muslimiintu gacan ka geysteen badbaadinta Yuhuudda xilligii Holocaust. 
Sannadkii 1946-kii, duqeyn ay soo agaasimeen Irgun oo ka dhacay hotelka King David ee magaalada Jerusalem ayaa sababay dhimashada 91 qof oo ay ku jiraan saraakiil British ah, dad rayid ah iyo shaqaalihii hoteelka. Menachem Begin iyo Yitzhak Shamir , oo markii dambe noqday hoggaamiyeyaasha siyaasadda ee dawladda Israa'iil, ayaa ka dambeeyay weerarradan argaggixiso. 
Dhacdadii Baxniintii 1947-kii waxay soo shaacbaxday markii markab siday dad ka badbaaday Holocaust oo Yuhuudi ah, kuwaas oo magangelyo u soo doontay Falastiin, ay ciidammada badda ee Britain soo dhex-galeen, taasoo keentay isku dhacyo, ugu dambayntiina dib loogu masaafurinayo qaxootigii Yurub.  Intii lagu jiray dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka , Falastiin waxay u adeegtay goob istiraatijiyad ahaan muhiim u ah hawlgalada militari ee Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ah ciidamada Axis ee Waqooyiga Afrika .  1947, Qaramada Midoobay waxay soo jeedisay qorshe qaybsan oo Falastiin ah, soo jeedinta Yuhuudda iyo Carabta kala duwan, laakiin waxaa diiday dalalka Carabta halka ay aqbaleen hoggaamiyeyaasha Yuhuudda
===Dagaalkii Carabta iyo Israa'iil===
1947kii, UN-tu waxay ansixisay qorshe qaybsi oo ah in xal laba dawladood ah laga gaadho dhulka ka haray ee loo igmaday. Qorshahaas waxaa aqbalay Hoggaanka Yahuudda balse waxaa ku gacan seyray madaxda Carabta, Ingiriiskana wuu diiday inuu fuliyo qorshahaas. Habeenimadii ugu dambaysay ee bixitaanka Ingiriisku, Hay'adda Yuhuudda ee Israa'iil , oo uu madax ka yahay David Ben-Gurion , ayaa ku dhawaaqday aasaaska Dawladda Israa'iil sida uu qabo qorshaha Qaramada Midoobay. Guddiga Sare ee Carabtu kuma dhawaaqin dawlad ay iyagu leeyihiin, taas beddelkeedna, oo ay weheliyaan Transjordan , Masar, iyo xubnihii kale ee Jaamacadda Carabta ee wakhtigaas, waxay bilaabeen tallaabo millatari oo ka dhalatay dagaalkii Carabta iyo Israa’iil ee 1948-kii .
Intii uu dagaalka socday, Israa'iil waxay heshay dhulal dheeri ah oo loo qoondeeyay inay ka mid noqdaan dawladda Carabta ee qorshaha Qaramada Midoobay. Masar waxa ay qabsatay marinka Qaza , Transjordan waxa ay qabsatay ka dibna ku darsatay daanta galbeed . Masar markii hore waxay taageertay abuuritaanka dawlad dhan Falastiin laakiin waxay kala dirtay 1959. Transjordan waligeed ma aqoonsanin taas beddelkeeda waxay go'aansatay inay ku darto Daanta Galbeed dhulkeeda si ay u sameyso Jordan . Ku-darka waxa la ansixiyay 1950-kii balse waxaa diiday beesha caalamka.
Sannadkii 1964-kii, markii Daanta Galbeed ay gacanta ku haysay Urdun, waxaa halkaas laga aasaasay Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin, ujeeddaduna tahay in ay iska horkeento Israa’iil. Axdiga Qaranka Falastiin ee PLO wuxuu qeexayaa xuduudaha Falastiin inay yihiin dhammaan dhulka haray ee loo igmaday, oo ay ku jirto Israel. Dagaalkii lixda maalmood socday ee 1967, markii Israa'iil ay la dagaalantay Masar, Urdun iyo Suuriya, waxay ku dhammaatay Israa'iil oo qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza, marka laga reebo dhulal kale.  Ka dib Dagaalkii Lixda Maalmood, PLO waxay u guurtay Urdun, laakiin waxay u guurtay Lubnaan 1971. 
Bishii Oktoobar 1974-kii shirkii Jaamacadda Carabta ayaa PLO u aqoonsaday inay tahay &quot;matelada kaliya ee sharciga ah ee dadka Falastiiniyiinta&quot; waxayna dib u xaqiijiyeen &quot;xuquuqda ay u leeyihiin inay dhistaan ​​dowlad madax-bannaan oo degdeg ah&quot;. Bishii Noofambar 1974, PLO waxaa loo aqoonsaday inay ku habboon tahay dhammaan arrimaha khuseeya su'aasha Falastiin Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay iyaga oo siinaya xaalad goobjooge ah &quot;mid aan dawli ahayn&quot; ee Qaramada Midoobay. Iyadoo loo marayo Heshiisyada Camp David ee 1979, Masar waxay calaamadisay soo afjarida sheegasho kasta oo ay ku leedahay Marinka Gaza. Bishii Luulyo 1988-kii, Urdun waxa ay sheegashadiisa ku wareejisay Daanta Galbeed -marka laga reebo ilaalinta Xaram al-Shariif - PLO.
Kadib markii ay Israa’iil qabsatay oo qabsatay Daanta Galbeed ee Urdun iyo Marinka Qaza ee Masar, waxa ay bilowday in ay deegaamayn ka samaysato Israa’iil . Maamulka dadka Carabta ah ee dhulalkan waxaa fulinayey Maamulka Madaniga ah ee Israa'iil ee Isku-duwaha Hawlaha Dawladda ee Territories iyo golayaasha degaanka ee degaanka ee joogay tan iyo ka hor intaanay la wareegin Israel. Sannadkii 1980-kii, Israa'iil waxay go'aansatey in ay hakiso doorashooyinka golayaashan iyo in ay dhisto ururro Tuulo , kuwaas oo saraakiishooda ay ku hoos jireen saamaynta Israa'iil. Ka dib qaabkani wuxuu noqday mid aan waxtar u lahayn Israa'iil iyo Falastiin labadaba, iyo Tuulooyinka Leegada waxay bilaabeen inay burburaan, oo ay ugu dambaysay Hebron League, oo la kala diray Febraayo 1988
===Kacdoon, ku dhawaaqid iyo heshiis nabadeed===
Intifada koowaad waxay soo baxday 1987, oo lagu garto mudaaharaadyo baahsan, shaqo joojin iyo falal gadood shacab oo falastiiniyiin ah oo ku sugan Marinka Gaza iyo Daanta Galbeed ee ka dhanka ah qabsashada Israel.  Bishii Nofeembar 1988, sharci-dejinta PLO, inta lagu jiro dibad-baxa, ayaa ku dhawaaqay aasaaska &quot;Dowladda Falastiin&quot; .  Bishii ku xigtay, waxaa si degdeg ah u aqoonsaday dawlado badan, oo ay ku jiraan Masar iyo Urdun.  Baaqa Falastiin ee Madax-bannaanida, Dawladda Falastiin waxaa lagu tilmaamay in lagu dhisay &quot;dhulka Falastiin&quot;, iyada oo aan si cad loo sheegin. 
Kadib ku dhawaaqistii madax banaanida 1988, Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuu si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday ku dhawaaqista wuxuuna go'aansaday inuu isticmaalo magaca &quot;Falastiin&quot; halkii &quot;Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin&quot; ee Qaramada Midoobay.  In kasta oo go'aankan, PLO kamay qaybgelin UN awooddeeda dawladda Falastiin.  Isku dhacyada rabshadaha wata ee u dhexeeya dibad-baxayaasha Falastiiniyiinta iyo ciidamada Israel ayaa sii xoogaystay 1989kii, taas oo keentay khasaare nafeed oo la taaban karo iyo xiisadda sii kordheysa ee dhulalka la haysto.  1990 ayaa goob joog ka ahaa soo rogida tillaabooyin adag oo ay ku soo rogtay dawladda Israa’iil, oo ay ku jiraan bandow iyo xidhidh, isku day lagu cabudhinayo Intifada iyo in lagu ilaaliyo xukunka dhulalka la haysto
[[File:Intifada in Gaza Strip (FL45956496).jpg|thumb|Intifada ugu horeysay ee Gaza, 1987]]
Dagaalkii Gacanka 1990-1991 wuxuu keenay dareenka dheeraadka ah ee khilaafka, taasoo keentay dadaallo dublamaasiyadeed oo la xoojiyay si loo helo xal nabadeed.  Saddam Hussein waxa uu ahaa taageere qadiyada falastiiniyiinta waxana uu taageero ka helay Carafaat xiligii dagaalka. Ka dib duulaankii Kuwait , Saddam ayaa ka yaabiyay beesha caalamka isagoo u soo bandhigay yabooh nabadeed Israa'iil iyo ka soo bixitaanka ciidamada Ciraaq ee Kuwait, taas oo beddelkeeda ka bixista Daanta Galbeed, Marinka Gaza, Bariga Jerusalem iyo Golan Heights.  In kasta oo yabooha nabadeed la diiday, haddana Saddam wuxuu amray in gantaallo lagu rido dhulka Israa'iil. Dhaqdhaqaaqan waxaa taageeray Falastiiniyiinta. sidoo kale dagaalku wuxuu horseeday in Falastiiniyiinta laga saaro Kuwait iyo Sacuudi Carabiya , maadaama ay dawladoodu taageertay Ciraaq . 
Sannadkii 1993-kii, heshiiskii Oslo waxa ay wada saxeexdeen Israa’iil iyo Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO), kaas oo horseeday in la aasaaso maamulka Falastiiniyiinta (PA) iyo jid nabadeed oo suurtagal ah.  Yaasir Carafaat waxaa loo doortay madaxweynaha maamulka cusub ee Falastiin ee la sameeyay 1994, taasoo calaamad u ah tallaabo muhiim ah oo loo qaaday ismaamul.
[[File:Arafat saluda 3.jpg|thumb|Yaasir Carafaat]]
Israa'iil waxay qiratay kooxda wada xaajoodka ee PLO inay &quot;matalayso dadka Falastiiniyiinta&quot;, taas beddelkeeda PLO waxay aqoonsanaysaa xaqa ay Israa'iil u leedahay inay nabad ku jirto, oggolaanshaha qaraarrada Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ee 242 iyo 338 , iyo diidmada &quot;rabshad iyo argagixisanimo&quot;.  Natiijo ahaan, 1994-kii PLO waxay dhistay Maamulka Qaranka Falastiiniyiinta (PNA ama PA) maamulka dhuleed, kaas oo ku shaqeeya qaar ka mid ah hawlaha dawladda qaybo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza.  Sida ku cad heshiiskii Oslo, Israa'iil waxay ogolaatay PLO inay dhisto hay'ado maamul oo ku meel gaar ah dhulka Falastiiniyiinta, kuwaas oo ku yimid qaabka PNA. Waxaa la siiyay maamulka rayidka ee Aagga B iyo ilaalinta rayidka iyo amniga ee Aagga A, waxayna ku sii jirtay iyada oo aan lug ku lahayn aagga C.
[[File:Clashes following the Cave of the Patriarchs massacre, 1994 Dan Hadani Archive V.jpg|thumb|Kacdoono shacab oo ka dhacay Qudus oo ka dhashay xasuuqii 1994kii]]
Geedi-socodka nabadda waxa uu kasbaday diidmo ka timid labada Falastiin iyo Israa’iil. Ururada islaamiga ah sida Xamaas iyo Islamic Jihad ayaa ka soo horjeestay weerarka waxayna ka jawaabeen weeraro ka dhan ah dadka rayidka ah ee ku nool Israa’iil. Sannadkii 1994-kii, Baruch Goldstein , oo Israa’iili ah oo xag-jir ah, ayaa 29 qof ku dilay Hebron, oo loo yaqaanay Godka Wadaadka . Dhacdooyinkaasi waxay horseedeen kororka mucaaradka Falastiin ee geeddi-socodka nabadda. Nasiib darro, 1995, Ra'iisul Wasaarihii Israa'iil Yitzhak Rabin waxaa dilay Yigal Amir - oo ahaa xagjir, taas oo gobolka u horseeday xasillooni darro siyaasadeed.
Doorashadii guud ee Falastiin ee ugu horeysay abid waxay dhacday 1996, taasoo keentay in Carafaat dib loogu doorto madaxweynaha iyo samaynta golaha sharci dejinta ee Falastiin . Bilawga hirgelinta heshiiskii Oslo, Israa'iil waxay bilowday inay dib u daabusho ciidamadeeda magaalooyinka Falastiiniyiinta ee la doortay ee Daanta Galbeed 1997 .
Sannadkii 1997dii, dawladda Israa’iil oo uu hoggaaminayey Benjamin Netanyahu iyo dawladda Falastiin waxay saxeexeen hab-maamuuska Hebron , kaas oo qeexayey in ciidammada Israa’iil ay dib uga hawl-galaan qaybo ka mid ah Xebroon ee daanta galbeed, taas oo dawladda siisay in ay si weyn u maamusho magaalada.  Israa'iil iyo dawladda Falastiin waxay saxeexeen Memorandum-ka Wye River Memorandum 1998, iyaga oo ujeedadoodu tahay in la horumariyo fulinta heshiiskii Oslo. Heshiiska waxaa ku jiray qodobbo ku saabsan ka bixitaanka Israel iyo iskaashiga amniga. 
Muddadii sannadaha Oslo waxay barwaaqo weyn u horseedday degaannada ay dawladdu maamusho, inkastoo ay jiraan arrimo dhaqaale. Maamulka Falastiin ayaa dhistay garoonkii labaad ee dalkaasi ee Gaza, kadib garoonka caalamiga ah ee Qudus . Xafladii lagu daah furayay garoonka ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay Bill Clinton iyo Nelson Mandela . Sannadkii 1999-kii, Ehud Barak waxa uu la wareegay jagada Ra’iisal-wasaaraha Israa’iil, isaga oo dib u soo cusboonaysiiyay dadaalladii lagu doonayay in heshiis maqaam oo kama dambays ah lala gaadho Falastiiniyiinta. Shirweynihii Camp David ee 2000 ayaa ujeeddadiisu ahayd in lagu xalliyo arrimaha haray balse waxa uu ku dhammaaday iyada oo aan la helin heshiis dhammaystiran, taas oo u adeegta sidii guul u ahayd geeddi-socodka nabadda.
===Intifada labaad iyo dagaal sokeeye===
[[File:אוקטובר 2000 1.jpg|thumb|Kacdoon shacab oo ka dhacay Xebroon, 2000]]
Shir madaxeed nabadeed oo dhex maray Yaasir Carafaat iyo Ehud Barak waxa dhexdhexaadinayey Bill Clinton 2000 . Si kastaba ha ahaatee heshiiska ayaa ku guuldareystay in uu ka hadlo arrimaha qaxootiga Falastiiniyiinta, xaaladda Qudus iyo walaaca ammaanka ee Israel.  Labada dhinac ayaa midba midka kale ku eedeeyay fashilka shirka.  Tani waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu waaweyn ee kacdoonka dhici doona soo socda. 
Bishii Sebtembar 2000, hogaamiyaha mucaaradka ee xisbiga Likud , Ariel Sharon , ayaa booqasho firfircoon ku tagay Temple Mount, wuxuuna jeediyay khudbad muran badan dhalisay, taasoo ka cadhaysiisay Falastiiniyiinta reer Qudus . Xiisaddii waxay isu rogtay rabshado.  Iskudhacyo dhiig ayaa ka dhacay hareeraha Yeruusaalem. Rabshadaha sii kordhaya ayaa sababay in la xiro Gegida Diyaaradaha ee magaalada Jerusalem , kaas oo aan shaqayn ilaa maanta.  Rabshado badan oo u dhexeeya Yuhuuda iyo Carabta ayaa ka dhacay bishii Oktoobar 2000 gudaha Israa'iil.
[[File:חומת מגן 21.jpg|thumb|Kaniisadda Dhalashada ee la hareereeyey 2002dii]]
Isla bishaas, laba askari oo Israa'iiliyiin ah ayaa lagu dilay Ramallah . Intii u dhaxaysay Nofeembar iyo Disembar isku dhacyada u dhexeeya Falastiiniyiinta iyo Israa'iiliyiinta ayaa sii kordhay.  Sannadkii 2001dii shir madaxeedka Taba ayaa dhex maray Israa'iil iyo Falastiin. Laakiin shirwaynaha ayaa ku guuldareystay inuu fuliyo, Ariel Sharon wuxuu noqday ra'iisul wasaare doorashadii 2001. Sannadkii 2001dii, weerarrada kooxaha Falastiiniyiinta ee ku wajahan Israa'iil ayaa kordhay.  Gegida dayuuradaha ee Qaza ayaa lagu burburiyay duqayn cirka ah oo ay geysteen ciidamada Israa'iil 2001, iyaga oo isku sheegay in ay uga aargoosanayaan weerarradii hore ee Xamaas. 
Bishii Janaayo 2002, IDF Shayetet 13 kumaandooska badda waxay qabteen Karine A , oo ah xamuul siday hub ka yimid Iran una socday Israa'iil.  Qaraarkii UNSC ee tirsigiisu ahaa 1397 ayaa la meel mariyay, kaas oo dib u xaqiijiya in xal laba dawladood ah la helo , isla markaana dhidibbada u taagay khariidadda nabadda . Weerar kale oo ay qaadeen Xamaas ayaa waxaa ku dhintay 30 qof .68​​​​​​​​​ 
Sannadkii 2002, Israa'iil waxay bilawday Hawlgalka Difaaca Difaaca ka dib xasuuqii Kormaridda . Dagaal culus oo u dhexeeya IDF iyo dagaalyahannada Falastiin ayaa ka dhacay Jenin . Kaniisadda Dhalashada waxaa go'doomiyay IDF hal usbuuc ilaa wadahadallo guul leh ay dhaceen , taasoo keentay in ciidamada Israa'iil laga saaro kaniisadda.  Intii u dhaxaysay 2003 iyo 2004, dad ka soo jeeda qabiilka Qawasameh ee Xebroon ayaa la dilay ama isku qarxiyay is qarxin.  Ariel Sharon wuxuu amar ku bixiyay in la dhiso xayndaabyo laga dhisayo dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ay maamusho iyo deegaamaynta Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed si looga hortago weeraro mustaqbalka. 
Saddaam Xuseen waxa uu taageero dhaqaale u fidiyay dagaalyahannada Falastiiniyiinta ee Ciraaq ka soo qaxay xilligii intifada, laga soo bilaabo 2000 ilaa la afgambiyay 2003.  Waxa la soo jeediyay hindise nabadeed 2003, taas oo uu taageeray Carafaat oo uu diiday Sharon. Sannadkii 2004tii hogaamiyihii Xamaas iyo aasaasihii ururka Xamaas Axmed Yaasiin waxaa lagu dilay ciidamada Israa’iil ee Gaza.  Yaasir Carafaat waxa uu ku xidhnaa xaruntiisa Ramallah. Noofambar 11, Yaasir Carafaat wuxuu ku dhintay Paris
[[File:Demonstration against road block, Kafr Qaddum, March 2012 3.JPG|Mudaaharaad lagaga soo horjeedo jid-gooyo, Kafr Qaddum , March 2012]]
Todobaadkii ugu horeeyey ee 2005, Maxamuud Cabbaas ayaa loo doortay inuu noqdo madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin. Sannadkii 2005, Israa'iil waxay si buuxda uga baxday Marinka Qaza iyagoo burburiyay degaannadii ay ku noolaayeen. Sannadkii 2005tii, xaaladdu waxay bilowday inay sii xumaato. Sannadkii 2006, Xamaas ayaa ku guulaysatay doorashooyinkii sharci dejinta ee Falastiin. Tani waxay keentay khilaaf siyaasadeed oo ka dhexeeya Fatah.  Iska horimaad hubaysan ayaa ka dhacay guud ahaan Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza labadaba.  Iska horimaadyadu waxay isu beddeleen dagaal sokeeye, kaasoo ku dhammaaday iska-horimaadyo dhiig badan ku daatay oo ka dhacay Marinka Qaza.  Natiijo ahaan, Xamaas waxay gacanta ku dhigtay dhammaan dhulka Gaza. 
Boqolaal qof ayaa ku dhintay dagaalka sokeeye oo ay ku jiraan maleeshiyaad iyo dad rayid ah. Tan iyo markaas Xamaas waxay heshay madax-bannaani dheeraad ah hab-dhaqankeeda milatari. Tan iyo 2007, Israa'iil waxay hogaaminaysay go'doomin qayb ka mid ah Gaza.  Shir madaxeed kale oo nabadeed ayaa waxaa soo qabanqaabiyay Jaamacadda Carabta 2007, iyadoo isla dalabkaas lagu soo bandhigay shirkii 2002. Si kastaba ha ahaatee geeddi-socodkii nabadeed wuu socon waayay. PNA waxay si buuxda u maamusho Marinka Gaza marka laga reebo xudduudaheeda, hawadeeda, iyo dhul-badeedkeeda 
===Colaad sii socota===
[[File:Westbank Control &amp; Access Restrictions Dec 2012.png|thumb|Degsiimooyinka Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed, 2012]]
Kala qaybsanaanta u dhaxaysa Daanta Galbeed iyo Qaza waxay sii adkeysay dadaallada lagu doonayo in lagu gaaro midnimada Falastiin iyo in heshiis nabadeed oo dhamaystiran lala galo Israa'iil . Wareegyo badan oo dib-u-heshiisiin ah ayaa la qabtay, laakiin lama gaarin heshiis waara. Kala qaybsanaantu waxay kaloo caqabad ku noqotay in la dhiso dawlad midaysan oo falastiiniyiin ah, waxayna u horseedday hannaan dawladeed iyo siyaasado kala duwan oo labada dhul ah. 
Ka dib iskahorimaadkii Falastiiniyiinta ee 2006, Xamaas waxay la wareegtay gacan ku haynta Marinka Gaza (waxay hore u haysatay aqlabiyadda PLC), Fatah waxay la wareegtay maamulka Daanta Galbeed. Laga soo bilaabo 2007, Marinka Gaza waxaa maamuli jiray Xamaas, Daanta Galbeedna waxaa maamuli jiray xisbiga Fatax ee uu hoggaamiyo maamulka Falastiin. 
Dadaalka caalamiga ah ee dib u soo noolaynta geeddi-socodka nabadda ayaa sii socday. Mareykanka oo ay hogaaminayaan maamulo kala duwan ayaa sameeyay isku dayo kala duwan oo lagu doonayo in lagu dhexdhexaadiyo Israa’iil iyo Falastiiniyiinta. 
Caqabado la taaban karo sida ballaarinta dejinta, xaaladda Qudus, xudduudaha , iyo xaqa u noqoshada qaxootiga Falastiin , ayaa ahaa kuwo aan la xallin.  Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, hindisayaal diblomaasiyadeed ayaa soo baxay, oo ay ku jiraan heshiisyada caadiga ah ee u dhexeeya Israa'iil iyo dhowr waddan oo Carbeed , oo loo yaqaan heshiiskii Abraham .  Heshiisyadan, inkastoo aan si toos ah looga hadlin iskahorimaadka Israel iyo Falastiin, waxay dib u habeyn ku sameeyeen dhaqdhaqaaqa gobolka waxayna keeneen su'aalo ku saabsan mustaqbalka rabitaanka Falastiin ee dawladnimada. Xaaladda hadda jirta ayaa weli ah mid caqabad ku ah Falastiiniyiinta, iyada oo arrimaha socda ee la qabsiga, ballaarinta dejinta, dhaqdhaqaaqa xaddidan, iyo dhibaatooyinka dhaqaale. 
Weeraro ay qaadeen kooxaha hubaysan ee Xamaas ay hogaamiso bishii Oktoobar 2023 ee Israa’iil waxaa xigay dagaalka Gaza . Dagaalku wuxuu sababay burbur baahsan, dhibaato bini'aadantinimo , iyo macaluul ka socota marinka Qaza.  Inta badan dadka ayaa si qasab ah lagu barakiciyey . Dhowr hay'adood oo xuquuqul insaanka ah sida Amnesty International iyo B'Tselem , cilmi-baarisyo kala duwan oo xasuuq iyo sharci-yaqaanno caalami ah , iyo khubaro kale ayaa sheegaya in xasuuq uu ka socdo Gaza , inkastoo qaar  taas ku muransan.  Tan iyo bilowgii dagaalka, in ka badan 60,000 falastiiniyiin ah oo ku sugan Gaza ayaa lagu dilay , ku dhawaad ​​kala bar waa haween iyo caruur , iyo in ka badan 148,000 oo dhaawacmay. Daraasad lagu sameeyay The Lancet ayaa lagu qiyaasay dhimashada 64,260 ee Gaza ee dhaawacyada dhaawaca ah June 2024, iyada oo la xusayo dhimashada suurtagalka ah ee dhimashada marka &quot;dadka aan tooska ahayn&quot; lagu daro.  Laga bilaabo Maajo 2025, tirada la midka ah ee dhimashada dhaawaca dhaawacyada waxay noqon doontaa 93,000. Waxaa sidoo kale jiray daadad dagaal oo ka dhacay Daanta Galbeed .

==Juqraafiga==
[[File:פנורמה ירושלים22.jpg|thumb|Muuqaal magaalada oo casri ah oo ku yaal Yeruusaalem oo dhan , oo leh aragtida Temple Mount iyo Al Aqsa]]
Juqraafiga
[[File:Mt-Grizim-national-park-7920.jpg|thumb|Waxay ku taal agagaarka Nablus , Buur Gerizim waa goobta ugu quduusan ee reer Samaariya .]]
Aagagga uu waddanku sheeganayo, ee loo yaqaan dhulalka falastiiniyiinta , waxay ku yaallaan Levant ee Koonfureed ee gobolka Bariga Dhexe . Falastiin waa qayb ka mid ah Bisha Barwaaqada ah , oo ay weheliso Israel, Urdun, Lubnaan, Ciraaq iyo Suuriya. Marinka Qaza waxa uu xaduud la leeyahay badda Mediterranean-ka galbeed, Masar oo dhanka koonfureed ah, iyo Israa'iil waqooyi iyo bari. Daanta Galbeed waxa xuddun u ah Urdun oo bari ka xigta, Israa'iilna waxa ay xuduud ka leedahay woqooyi, koonfur iyo galbeed. Falastiin waxay xuduud badeed la wadaagtaa Israa'iil , Masar iyo Qubrus . Haddaba, labada gole ee ka kooban dhulka ay sheeganayso Dawladda Falastiin ma laha xuduud juqraafi ah oo midba midka kale la leeyahay, oo ay kala qaybiso Israel.  Meelahaasi waxay noqon doonaan dalka 163aad ee aduunka ugu wayn dhul ahaan . 
Daanta Galbeed waa gobol buuraley ah. Waxay u qaybsantaa saddex gobol, oo kala ah Buurta Nablus ( Jabal Nablus ), Buuraha Xebroon iyo Buuraha Qudus ( Jibal al-Qudus ). Buuraha Samaariya iyo Buuraha Yahuudda waa silsilado buuro ah oo ku yaal Daanta Galbeed, iyadoo Buur Nabi Yuunis ku taal joog dhan 1,030 mitir (3,380 ft) oo ku taal Gobolka Xebroon oo ah meesha ugu sarreysa.  Ilaa qarnigii 19aad, Xebroon waxay ahayd magaalada ugu sarreysa Bariga Dhexe.
Quddus waxay ku taal meel bannaan ah oo ku taal badhtamaha buuraha, waxaana ku hareeraysan dooxooyin. Dhulku wuxuu ka kooban yahay dooxooyin barwaaqo ah, sida dooxada Yesreceel iyo dooxada webiga Urdun . Falastiin waxay hoy u tahay geedka saytuunka ee ugu weyn adduunka, oo ku yaal Jerusalem.  Qiyaastii 45% dhulka Falastiin waxa u heellan beerista geedaha saytuunka. 
Falastiin waxay leedahay harooyin iyo wabiyo muhiim ah kuwaas oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara juqraafiyada iyo hab-nololeedkeeda. Webiga Urdun wuxuu u socdaa dhinaca koonfureed, isagoo ka dhigaya qayb ka mid ah xudduudda bari ee Falastiin wuxuuna sii maraa badda Galili ka hor inta uusan gaarin badda dhintay.  Marka loo eego caadooyinka Masiixiyiinta, waa goobtii baabtiiska Ciise . Badda Dhimatay , oo xuduud la leh bariga dalka waa meesha ugu hooseeya dhulka.  Jericho , oo ku taal meel u dhow, waa magaalada ugu hooseysa adduunka. Tuulooyinka iyo xaafadaha ku hareeraysan Yeruusaalem ayaa hoy u ah biyo qadiimi ah. Dalka waxa ku yaal dhawr dooxood oo wabiyo ah .  Marin-biyoodyadani waxay bixiyaan agabka lagama maarmaanka u ah beeraha iyo madadaalada iyagoo taageeraya nidaamyada deegaanka ee kala duwan. 
Saddex dhul-beereedka ayaa laga helay aagga: Bariga Mediterranean-ka conifer-sclerophyllous-kaynta-broadleaf , lamadegaanka Carabta , iyo saxaraha geedaha Mesobotaamiya .  Falastiin waxay leedahay dhowr arrimood oo deegaanka ah; Arrimaha ku wajahan marinka Qaza waxaa ka mid ah xaalufka ; cusbada biyaha cusub; daaweynta bulaacadaha ; cudurada ka dhasha biyaha ; xaalufka ciidda ; iyo xaalufka iyo wasakhaynta kheyraadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa. Daanta Galbeed, arrimo badan oo isku mid ah ayaa khuseeya; inkastoo biyaha macaan ay aad u badan yihiin, helitaankooda waxaa xaddiday khilaafka socda .
===Cimilada===
Heerkulka Falastiin aad buu u kala duwan yahay. Cimilada ku taal Daanta Galbeed inta badan waa Mediterranean-ka , wax yar ka qabow meelaha sare marka loo eego xeebta, galbeed ilaa aagga. Dhanka bari, Daanta Galbeed waxaa ku jira inta badan saxaraha Yahuudda oo ay ku jiraan xeebta galbeed ee Badda Dhimatay, oo lagu garto cimilada qalalan iyo kulul. Qasa waxay leedahay cimilo kuleyl badheed-oomane ah ( Köppen : BS) oo leh jiilaal khafiif ah iyo kulayl qalalan. Gu'gu wuxuu yimaadaa qiyaastii Maarso-Abriil. Bilaha ugu kulul waa Julaay iyo Agoosto, iyadoo celceliska sare uu yahay 33 °C (91 °F). Bisha ugu qabow waa Janaayo, iyadoo heerkulku caadiyan yahay 7 ° C (45 ° F). Roobabku waa yar yihiin waxayna guud ahaan da'aan inta u dhaxaysa Noofembar iyo Maarso. Roobabka sannadlaha ah waa qiyaastii 4.57 inji (116 mm).
===Kala duwanaanshaha noolaha===
[[File:Camel - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Geela ku sugan Saxaraha Yahuudda]]
Falastiin ma laha jardiinooyin qaran oo si rasmi ah loo aqoonsan yahay ama meelo la ilaaliyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa jira meelo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed oo loo tixgaliyo inay leeyihiin muhiimad deegaan iyo dhaqan waxaana lagu maareeyaa dedaallo ilaalin ah. Meelahan waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan kaydka dabiiciga ah ama aagagga la ilaaliyo.
Waxay ku taal meel u dhow Jericho oo ku taal Daanta Galbeed, Wadi Qelt waa dooxo saxare ah oo leh dhir iyo xayawaan gaar ah. Kaydka waxaa lagu yaqaanaa muuqaalkiisa qallafsan, ilo dabiici ah, iyo goobo taariikhi ah sida Monastery St. George .  Waxaa la sameeyay dadaal lagu ilaalinayo kala duwanaanshaha noolaha iyo quruxda dabiiciga ah ee deegaanka.  Saxaraha Yahuudda waxa loo yaqaan Geela Yahuudda. Beerta lagu xanaaneeyo ee Qalqilya ee ku taal gobolka Qalqily , waa beerta kaliya ee hadda ka hawlgasha dalka. Xayawaanka Xayawaanka ee Gaza ayaa loo xiray xaalad xumo awgeed. Dawladda Israa'iil waxay deegaanka C ka samaysay jardiinooyin kala duwan oo qaran , kuwaas oo loo arko sharci-darro marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah .

==Dowladda iyo siyaasadda==
[[File:Mahmoud Abbas 2024.jpg|thumb|Madaxweyne Maxamuud Cabaas]]
[[File:Mohammad Mustafa January 2025.jpg|thumb|Ra'iisul Wasaare Maxamed Mustafa]]
[[File:Ramallah PLC.jpg|thumb|Golaha Sharci-dejinta ee Falastiin , oo ay degan yihiin baarlamaanka Falastiin]]
[[File:Mausoleo Arafat (Muqata, Ramallah) 02.JPG|thumb|Mowliidka Yaasir Carafaat oo ku taal xarunta dhexe ee maamulka Falastiin ee Ramallah]]
Falastiin waxay ku shaqaysaa nidaam dawladeed oo badh-madaxweyne ah . Dalku wuxuu ka kooban yahay hay'ado xiriir la leh Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin (PLO), oo ay ku jiraan Madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin , oo uu magacaabo Golaha Dhexe ee Falastiiniyiinta ,  Golaha Qaranka Falastiin , iyo Guddiga Fulinta ee Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin , oo qabta hawlaha dawladda ee dibad - baxa  ilaalinta shabakad xiriir shisheeye oo ballaaran. PLO waxa ay isugu jiraan dhowr xisbi siyaasadeed.
Kuwani waa in laga soocaa Madaxweynaha Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin , Golaha Sharci-dejinta ee Falastiin, iyo Golaha Xukuumadda PNA ,kuwaas oo dhammaantood ku xiran yihiin Maamulka Qaranka ee Falastiiniyiinta (PNA). Dukumeentiga aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin waa Baaqa Falastiin ee Madax-bannaanida, kaas oo ah in laga sooco PLO Axdiga Qaranka Falastiin ee aan la xidhiidhin iyo Sharciga Aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin PNA .
Dawladda Falastiin waxa ay u qaybsantaa laba qaybood oo kala ah – Maamulka Falastiiniyiinta oo ay maamusho Fatah, oo qayb ahaan gacanta ku haysa Daanta Galbeed, iyo Marinka Gaza, oo ay gacanta ku hayso kooxda xagjirka ah ee Xamaas.  Fatah waa xisbi cilmaani ah oo uu aasaasay Yaasir Carafaat, xiriir wanaagsanna la leh quwadaha reer galbeedka. Dhanka kale Xamaas waa koox mintidiin ah oo ku dhisan wadaniyad iyo fikir Islaami ah oo falastiiniyiin ah oo ay dhiiri galiyeen Ikhwaanul Muslimiin . 
Xamaas ayaa xiriir xun la leh Mareykanka, balse waxay taageero ka heshaa Iran. Front Popular for the Liberation of Palestine waa xisbi kale oo caan ah oo cilmaani ah, kaas oo uu aasaasay George Habash . Mahmoud Abbas waa madaxweynaha dalka tan iyo 2005.  Mohammad Shtayyeh wuxuu ahaa ra'iisul wasaaraha Falastiin, oo is casilay 2024. 
Sanadkii 2024, Mohammad Mustafa ayaa loo magacaabay ra'iisul wasaaraha cusub ee dalka, ka dib markii uu iska casilay Shtayyeh.  Yahya Sinwar waxa uu ahaa hoggaamiyihii xukuumadda Xamaas ee Marinka Gaza ka hor dhimashadiisa Oktoobar 2024. Sida laga soo xigtay Freedom House , PNA waxay u maamushaa Falastiin hab kali-talisnimo ah , oo ay ku jiraan caburinta dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha iyo saxafiyiinta dhaleeceeya dawladda. 
Quddus oo ay ku jirto Haram ash-Shariif , waxaa caasimad u ah Falastiin oo ay Israa’iil haysato .  Xarunta ku meel gaarka ah ee maamulka waxay ku taal Ramallah , oo 10  km u jirta Jerusalem. Muqata waxay martigelisaa wasaaradaha gobolka iyo xafiisyada wakiillada.  Sannadkii 2000, dhismo dawladeed ayaa laga dhisay xaafadda Jerusalem ee Abu Dis , si uu u shaqeeyo xafiiska Yaasir Carafaat iyo baarlamaanka Falastiin. Tan iyo intifada labaad , xaaladda magaaladu waxay ka dhigtay goobtan mid aan ku habboonayn inay u shaqeyso caasimad ahaan, si ku meel gaar ah ama si joogto ah.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maamulka falastiiniyiintu waxay ku adkaysteen joogitaankooda magaalada. Iyadoo qaybo yar oo magaalada ka mid ah ay sidoo kale gacanta ku hayaan Falastiiniyiinta, dalal badanna ay qunsuliyadooda ku leeyihiin magaalada Qudus
===Qaybaha maamulka===
[[File:West Bank and Gaza Strip location map.svg|thumb|Maamullada Falastiiniyiinta (rasmiga ah)]]
[[File:Zones A and B in the occupied Palestinian territories.svg|thumb|Dhulka Falastiin ee ay maamusho]]
Dawladda Falastiin waxay u qaybsantaa lix iyo toban qaybood oo maamul . Maamul goboleedyada ku yaal daanta galbeed ayaa loo qaybiyay saddex qaybood sida uu dhigayo heshiiskii Oslo II . Aagga A wuxuu ka kooban yahay 18% Daanta Galbeed marka loo eego aagga, waxaana maamula dawladda Falastiin. Aagga B wuxuu ka kooban yahay 22% ee Daanta Galbeed, wuxuuna hoos yimaadaa xukunka madaniga ah ee Falastiin, iyo xakamaynta amniga ee Israel-Falastiin. 
Aagga C , marka laga reebo Bariga Jerusalem, wuxuu ka kooban yahay 60% Daanta Galbeed, waxaana maamula Maamulka Madaniga ah ee Israa'iil . Dawladda Falastiin waxay siisaa adeegyada waxbarashada iyo caafimaadka 150,000 Falastiiniyiinta ah ee aagga,  habayn lagu heshiiyey heshiiskii Oslo II ee hoggaanka Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta.
In ka badan 99% ee Aagga C ayaa ka mamnuuc ah Falastiiniyiinta, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay welwelka amniga oo waa qodob wada xaajoodka socda. Waxaa jira ilaa 330,000 Israa'iiliyiin ah oo ku nool degsiimooyinka Aagga C. Dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee hadda hoos yimaada maamulka Falastiiniyiinta ee casaanka ah ( Aagagga A iyo B ; oo aan ku jirin Marinka Gaza, oo hoos yimaada xukunka Hamas).
[[File:Palestine election map.PNG|thumb|Maamulada Falastiin]]
Bariga Jerusalem, oo ka kooban degmada Quddus ee qaybta bari ka hor 1967, oo ay weheliso aag muhiim ah oo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed ee ka hor 1967 ee ay Israa'iil xadaysay 1967, ayaa loo maamulaa iyada oo qayb ka ah degmada Jerusalem ee Israa'iil. Waxaa sheegtay Falastiin oo qayb ka ah Maamulka Jerusalem . Waxaa si wax ku ool ah u raacay Israa'iil 1967, iyada oo la adeegsanayo sharciga Israa'iil, xukunka iyo maamulka ee hoos yimaada sharciga 1948 ee wax laga beddelay ujeedada, tan la sheegay in ku darista si dastuuri ah loo xaqiijiyay (macnaha) Sharciga Aasaasiga ah: Jerusalem 1980 , laakiin ku darsigan ma aqoonsana waddan kale. 
Sannadkii 2010-kii, 456,000 oo qof oo ku nool Bariga Jerusalem, qiyaastii 60% waxay ahaayeen Falastiiniyiin iyo 40% waxay ahaayeen Israa'iil.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000-meeyadii, Barwaaqada Amniga ee Daanta Galbeed ee Israa'iil ayaa si wax ku ool ah dib ugu daray tobanaan kun oo Falastiiniyiin ah oo sita kaararka aqoonsiga Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed, taasoo ka dhigaysa Bariga Jerusalem xayndaabka iyada oo aqlabiyad yar oo Israa'iil ah (60%).
Sida uu dhigayo heshiiskii Oslo, Jerusalem waxaa la soo jeediyay in lagu daro wada xaajoodyada mustaqbalka. Sida ay sheegtay Israa’iil, heshiiskii Oslo waxa uu mamnuucayaa in maamulka Falastiin uu ka shaqeeyo magaalada Qudus. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaybo ka mid ah Quddus, xaafadahaas oo ku yaalla meel ka baxsan magaaladii hore ee taariikhiga ahayd, balse qayb ka ah Bariga Quddus, ayaa loo qoondeeyey maamulka Falastiiniyiinta.
===Xiriirka dibadda===
Xidhiidhka dibadeed waxa lagu ilaaliyaa hab dhismeedka wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda . Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu matalaa Dawladda Falastiin waxayna safaarado ku leeyihiin wadamada aqoonsan. Waxa kale oo ay uga qaybgashaa ururada caalamiga ah xubin ahaan, wehel ama goob-jooge ahaan. Xaaladaha qaarkood, sababtoo ah ilo is khilaafaya, way adagtahay in la go'aamiyo haddii ka qaybqaadashadu ay tahay magaca Dawladda Falastiin, PLO oo ah hay'ad aan dawli ahayn, ama Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin (PNA). Vatican-ku waxay aqoonsi u wareejisay Dawladda Falastiin bishii Maajo 2015, ka dib codbixintii Qaramada Midoobay ee 2012 . Isbeddelkan wuxuu la jaan qaadayaa aragtida Quduuska ah ee booska kobcinta.
[[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi and the President of the State of Palestine, Mr. Mahmoud Abbas, at the joint Press meet, at Ramallah, Palestine on February 10, 2018 (2).jpg|Raiisel wasaaraha Hindiya Narendra Modi iyo Mahmoud Abbas oo ku sugan Ramallah sanadka 2018]]
Hadda, 146 dal oo ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay (75%) waxay aqoonsan yihiin Dawladda Falastiin. Inkastoo qaarkood aysan aqoonsanayn, haddana waxay PLO u aqoonsan yihiin inay tahay wakiilka dadka Falastiiniyiinta. Guddiga fulinta ee PLO waxa uu u shaqeeyaa sidii dawladda oo kale, waxaana awood u siinaya PNC.  Waa xubin buuxda oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Carabta , Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka iyo Midowga Badda Mediterranean-ka . Sweden ayaa sanadkii 2013 qaaday tallaabo muhiim ah iyadoo sare u qaadaysa maqaamka xafiiska wakiilka Falastiiniyiinta oo ay ka dhigtay safaarad buuxda. Waxay noqdeen waddankii ugu horreeyay ee xubin ka ah Midowga Yurub oo ka baxsan ururkii shuuciga ahaa ee si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday Dawlada
Xubnaha ururka Jaamacadda Carabta iyo xubnaha ururka iskaashiga Islaamka ayaa si weyn u taageeray mowqifka dalkaas ee colaadda Israa'iil .Iran waxa ay xulafo xooggan la ahayd Falastiin tan iyo kacdoonkii Islaamiga ahaa , waxayna taageero millatari u fidisay fedayeenka Falastiin iyo kooxaha mintidka ah, oo ay ku jiraan Xamaas iyada oo loo marayo Axis of Resistance , oo ay ku jiraan isbahaysiga milatari ee dawladaha iyo fallaagada Ciraaq ,  Suuriya , Lubnaan iyo Yemen . Hamas sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah dhidibka iska caabinta. Xataa ka hor intaysan soo shaac bixin iska caabin Islaami ah oo ay Iran taageerto Ciraaq , Ciraaq waxa ay si weyn u taageeri jirtay Falastiin markii ay hoos imanaysay dawladdii Bacathiyiinta ee Saddaam Xuseen . Turkiga waa taageeraha Xamaas Qatar waxay ahayd taageere dhaqaale oo muhiim ah waxayna martigelisay hogaamiyayaasha Hamas. Sannadkii 1988, iyada oo qayb ka ah codsigii ahaa in lagu ogolaado UNESCO, qoraal sharraxaad ah ayaa la diyaariyey oo lagu taxay 92 dawladood oo aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin, oo ay ku jiraan labadaba Carabta iyo kuwa aan Carabta ahayn sida Hindiya.  : 19  Markii ay xulafo xooggan la ahayd Falastiin , Hindiya waxay xoojisay xidhiidhka ay la leedahay Israa'iil tan iyo 1991. 
Mucamar Al-Qadaafi ee Liibiya waxa uu ahaa taageere madax-bannaanida falastiiniyiinta, waxaana loo raadinayey dhex-dhexaadiye colaadda Carabta iyo Israa’iil, markii uu soo bandhigay yabooh nabadeed oo hal waddan ah oo uu cinwaan uga dhigay Israa’iil sannadkii 2000 . Intii uu socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee Sri Lanka , PLO waxa ay tababar siisay fallaagada Tamil si ay ula dagaalamaan dowladda Sri Lanka .  Jamhuuriyadda Ireland , Venezuela iyo Koonfur Afrika waa xulafada siyaasadeed ee Falastiin waxayna si adag ugu ololeeyeen in la aasaaso Falastiin madaxbannaan. Natiijadii dagaalka socda waxaa kordhay taageerada dalka. Tan iyo markii Israa’iil ay duulaanka ku qaaday Qaza , dalal badan oo taageera Falastiiniyiinta ayaa si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday dalkaasi. Tan waxaa ku jira Armenia , Spain , Norway , Bahamas , Jamaica , Barbados iyo Trinidad and Tobago
===Heerka iyo aqoonsiga===
Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu ku dhawaaqay aasaaska Dawladda Falastiin 15-kii Noofambar 1988. Waxaa jira aragtiyo kala duwan oo ku saabsan xaaladda sharci ee Dawladda Falastiin, labadaba dawladaha caalamiga ah iyo culimada sharciga.  Jiritaanka dowlad Falastiin waxaa aqoonsan dowladaha la sameeyay xiriir diblomaasiyadeed oo laba geesood ah. ishii Janaayo 2015, Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Dambiyada waxay xaqiijisay xaaladda Falastiin &quot;Dawlad&quot; ka dib markii ay aqoonsatay kormeerayaasha Qaramada Midoobay,  tallaabo ay cambaareeyeen hoggaamiyeyaasha Israa'iil oo ah nooc ka mid ah &quot;argagixiso diblomaasiyadeed&quot;. 
Bishii Disembar 2015, Golaha loo dhan yahay ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa meel mariyay qaraar ay ku dalbanayaan madaxbannaanida Falastiiniyiinta ee kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dhulka la haysto. Waxay ugu yeertay Israa'iil inay joojiso dhiig-miirashada iyo waxyeelada iyadoo la siinayo Falastiiniyiinta xaqa ay u leeyihiin inay soo celiyaan. Sannadkii 1988-kii, Qaraarkii 43/177 waxa aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin ku dhawaaqida madaxbanaanida . Sannadkii 2012, Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuu soo saaray Qaraar tirsigiisu yahay 67/19 , siinaya Falastiin &quot; dal aan xubin ka ahayn goobjoogeyaal &quot; status , si wax ku ool ah loogu aqoonsado dal madax-bannaan . 
Bishii Agoosto 2015, wakiilada Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa soo bandhigay qaraar qabyo ah oo u oggolaanaya wadamada aan xubinta ka ahayn goobjoogayaasha Falastiin iyo Quduuska Quduuska ah inay calankooda ka taagaan xarunta Qaramada Midoobay. Markii hore, Falastiiniyiintu waxay soo bandhigeen hindisahooda sidii dadaal wadajir ah oo ay la leeyihiin Seefta Quduuska ah, taas oo ay Quduuska ah beenisay. Warqad uu u diray Xoghayaha Guud iyo Madaxweynaha Golaha Guud, Safiirka Israa'iil ee UN Ron Prosor wuxuu ugu yeeray tallaabada &quot;ku-takri-falka kale ee UN-ka ... si loo helo dhibco siyaasadeed&quot;. Kadib codeynta, oo 119 cod u qaadeen 8 iyadoo 45 dal ay ka aamuseen, Safiirka Mareykanka Samantha Power ayaa sheegtay in &quot;kor u qaadista calanka Falastiin aysan isu soo dhaweyn doonin Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta&quot;.  Afhayeenka Waaxda Arrimaha Dibedda ee Maraykanka Mark Toner ayaa ku tilmaamay &quot;isku day aan faa'iido lahayn&quot; oo lagu raadinayo sheegashooyinka dawlad-goboleedka oo ka baxsan heshiis wada-xaajood ah. 
Xafladda lafteeda, Xoghayaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay, Ban Ki-Moon ayaa sheegay in munaasabaddan ay tahay &quot;maalin ay ku faani karaan dadka reer Falastiin ee ku nool dunida oo dhan, waa maalin rajo ah&quot;, wuxuuna ku dhawaaqay &quot;Hadda waa waqtigii dib loo soo celin lahaa kalsoonida labada Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta si loo helo heshiis nabadeed iyo, ugu dambeyntii, xaqiijinta laba dawladood oo laba shacab ah.&quot;
===Aqoonsiga caalamiga ah===
[[File:Palestine recognition only.svg|thumb|Dawladda Falastiin
Waddamada aqoonsaday Falastiin
Wadamada ku dhawaaqay inay dhawaan aqoonsan doonaan Falastiin ( France Malta , Portugal , San Marino , Australia )
Wadamada ku dhawaaqay shuruudahooda, aqoonsiga soo socda ee Falastiin ( United Kingdom , CanadaWadamada aan aqoonsaneyn Falastiin]]
Dawladda Falastiin waxa aqoonsaday 146 ka mid ah 193-ka xubnood ee Qaramada Midoobay tan iyo 2012-kii waxa ay lahayd xaalad ah waddan aan xubin ka ahayn kormeerayaasha Qaramada Midoobay.  Xaaladdan xaddidan waxaa inta badan sabab u ah xaqiiqda ah in Maraykanka , oo ah xubin joogta ah oo ka tirsan Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay oo leh awoodda diidmada qayaxan, uu si joogto ah u isticmaalo diidmada qayaxan ama ku hanjabay inuu sidaas sameeyo si uu u xannibo xubinnimada Falastiin ee buuxda ee Qaramada Midoobay. 
On 29 November 2012, in a 138-9 cod (iyada 41 ka aamuseen iyo 5 maqan),  Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa soo saaray qaraarka 67/19 , kor u Falastiin ka &quot;xub goobjooge&quot; in a &quot; non-xubin goobjooge ah gobolka &quot; gudaha nidaamka Qaramada Midoobay , kaas oo lagu tilmaamay aqoonsiga PLO. Xaaladda Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay waxay u dhigantaa tan Quduuska ah . Qaramada Midoobay waxa ay u ogolaatay Falastiin in ay ku magacawdo xafiiskeeda wakiilka Qaramada Midoobay oo ah &quot;Howlgalka Joogtada ah ee Joogtada ah ee Dawladda Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay&quot;.  Falastiin waxay ku amartay dublamaasiyiinteeda inay si rasmi ah u matalaan &quot;Dawladda Falastiin&quot; - oo aan hadda ahayn Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin. 
On 17 December 2012, Madaxa Hab-maamuuska Qaramada Midoobay Yeocheol Yoon ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in &quot;magacaabidda 'State of Palestine' waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa by Xoghaynta dhammaan waraaqaha rasmiga ah ee Qaramada Midoobay&quot;,  sidaas darteed aqoonsanaya cinwaanka 'State of Falastiin' sida magaca rasmiga ah ee gobolka ee dhammaan ujeedooyinka Qaramada Midoobay. 21kii Diisambar 2012, qoraal Qaramada Midoobay ah ayaa ka hadlay ereybixin habboon oo la isticmaalo ka dib GA 67/19. Waxaa lagu xusay in aysan jirin wax caqabad ah oo dhanka sharciga ah oo ku wajahan adeegsiga magacaabista Falastiin si ay u tixraacdo aagga juqraafi ee dhulka Falastiin. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxaa lagu macneeyay in sidoo kale aysan jirin wax xannibaya isticmaalka ereyga &quot;Dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto oo ay ku jirto Bariga Jerusalem&quot; ama erey-bixinno kale oo la mid ah sida caadada u ah Golaha. 
Laga bilaabo 21-kii Maarso 2025, 147 ( 76.2%) 193 ka waddan ee xubnaha ka ah Qaramada Midoobay ayaa aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin . Qaar badan oo ka mid ah wadamada aan aqoonsanayn Dawladda Falastiin si kastaba ha ahaatee waxay PLO u aqoonsan yihiin &quot;wakiilka dadka Falastiiniyiinta &quot;. Guddiga Fulinta ee PLO waxaa awood u siinaya Golaha Qaranka Falastiin si ay u qabtaan hawlaha dawladda ee Gobolka Falastiin. 
2dii Abriil 2024, Riyad Mansour , oo ah safiirka Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay, ayaa codsaday in Golaha Ammaanku uu tixgeliyo codsiga xubinnimada ee la cusboonaysiiyay. Laga bilaabo Abriil 7 xubnood oo ka tirsan UNSC waxay aqoonsan yihiin Falastiin laakiin Maraykanku wuxuu muujiyay inuu ka soo horjeedo codsigaas waxaana intaa dheer, sharciga Maraykanku wuxuu dhigayaa in dhaqaalaha Maraykanku uu ka gooyo Qaramada Midoobay haddii ay dhacdo aqoonsi buuxa haddii aan la helin heshiis Israel iyo Falastiin. 18kii Abriil, Maraykanku wuxuu diidey qaraar Qaramada Midoobay si weyn loo taageeray kaas oo u ogolaan lahaa Falastiin inay xubin buuxda ka tahay Qaramada Midoobay. 
Qaraarka UNGA ee May 2024 wuxuu dhaqan galay shirweynaha guud ee 2024. Qaraarkan oo aqoonsaday in Falastiin ay xaq u leedahay inay xubin buuxda ka noqoto, ayaa sidoo kale xaq u siinaya Falastiiniyiinta inay soo gudbiyaan soo jeedinta iyo wax ka bedelka iyo in Falastiin loo ogolaado inay la fadhiistaan ​​dalalka kale ee xubnaha ka ah golaha.
===Milatari===
[[File:25th anniversary of Hamas (13).jpg|thumb|Sanadguuradii 25aad ee Xamaas oo ka dhacday Gaza, 2012]]
Hay’adda Nabadsugidda Falastiin waxay ka kooban tahay ciidamada qalabka sida iyo hay’adaha sirdoonka, kuwaas oo la aas aasay intii lagu jiray heshiiskii Oslo. Shaqadoodu waa ilaalinta amniga gudaha iyo ilaalinta sharciga meelaha PA ay maamusho. Uma hawlgalo sidii ciidan hubaysan oo dal madax banaan. Heshiiskii Oslo ka hor, PLO waxay hogaamisay jabhad hubaysan oo ka soo horjeeday Israa'iil, oo ay ku jiraan isbahaysiga kooxaha xagjirka ah oo ay ku jiraan laanteeda milatariga - Ciidanka Xoraynta Falastiin . Tan iyo heshiisyadii 1993-1995, waxay ahayd mid aan shaqayn oo waxay ka shaqaysaa oo keliya Suuriya. Fedayeenka Falastiin waa dagaalyahannada Falastiiniyiinta iyo ciidamada jabhadda. Falastiiniyiintu waxay u haystaan ​​&quot;dagaalyahan xornimo doon&quot; iyo &quot;argagixiso&quot; Israa'iiliyiinta. 
Xamaas waxay isu haysataa inay tahay ciidan madax-bannaan, oo ka awood iyo saamayn badan PSF, oo ay weheliyaan ururrada kale ee mayalka adag sida Islamic Jihad (Al-Quds Bridage).  Waa ciidan jabhad ah, oo ay taageerayaan Iran, Qatar iyo Turkiga.  Sida laga soo xigtay CIA World Factbook, Guutada Qassam waxay leeyihiin 20,000 ilaa 25,000 xubnood, inkastoo tiradan lagu muransan yahay.  Ka bixitaanka Israel ee 2005 ee Gaza waxay siisay Hamas fursad ay ku horumariyaan garabkeeda militari.
Iran iyo Hezbollah ayaa hub sharci darro ah u soo galiyay Xamaas iyaga oo sii mara gacanka Sinai Peninsula iyaga oo sii maray Suudaan iyo Liibiya iyo sidoo kale dhinaca badda. Tababar millatari oo xoog leh iyo hub uruursi ayaa u oggolaaday Xamaas in ay si tartiib tartiib ah u abaabulaan cutubyo goboleed oo waaweyn sida guutooyin ka kooban 2,500–3,500 dagaalyahan midkiiba. Tan iyo 2020, dhoolatus wadajir ah oo lala sameeyay kooxaha kale ee ka dagaalama Gaza sida Falastiin Islamic Jihad (PIJ) waxay caadeysteen unugyo si ay ugu shaqeeyaan qaab isku dubaridan, taageera taliska iyo xakamaynta Hamas, waxayna fududeeyeen iskaashiga Xamaas iyo kooxaha yaryar. Dadaallada noocan oo kale ah waxay si dhab ah u bilowdeen sannadkii 2007-dii, markii Xamaas ay la wareegtay awoodda Marinka Gaza. Iran ayaa tan iyo markii ay Xamaas siisay agab iyo aqoon ay ku dhisto gantaallo waaweyn, iyadoo in ka badan 10,000 oo gantaallo ah iyo madaafiic lagu garaacay dagaalka hadda socda. Caawinta Iran, Xamaas waxay samaysay wax soo saar gantaallo gudaha ah oo xooggan oo u adeegsada tuubooyinka, fiilooyinka korantada, iyo agabka kale ee maalinlaha ah ee wax soo saarka la hagaajiyay. 
===Sharciga iyo amniga===
Dawladda Falastiin waxay leedahay tiro ciidamo ah oo ammaan ah, oo ay ku jiraan Booliska madaniga ah , Ciidamada Ammaanka Qaranka iyo Adeegyada Sirdoonka, oo leh shaqada ilaalinta amniga iyo ilaalinta muwaadiniinta Falastiiniyiinta iyo Dawladda Falastiin. Dhammaan ciidamadan ayaa qayb ka ah hay’adaha ammaanka Falastiiniyiinta . PSF ayaa ugu horrayn mas'uul ka ah ilaalinta amniga gudaha, fulinta sharciga, iyo howlgallada ka hortagga argagixisanimada ee meelaha ay maamusho maamulka Falastiin. 
Ciidanka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLA) waa ciidanka joogtada ah ee Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO).  Waxaa la aasaasay sannadihii ugu horreeyay ee dhaqdhaqaaqa qaranka Falastiin, laakiin inta badan waxay ahayd mid aan firfircoonayn tan iyo heshiiskii Oslo.  PLA doorkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay noqoto ciidan caadi ah laakiin waxay u wareegtay door astaan ​​iyo door siyaasadeed.

==Dhaqaalaha==
Falastiin waxa ay IMF ku tilmaantay in ay tahay waddan dakhligoodu dhexe yahay iyo mid soo koraya. Sannadkii 2023, GDP-ga waddanku wuxuu ahaa $40 bilyan iyo qofkiiba ilaa $4,500. Xaaladdeeda lagu muransan yahay awgeed, xaaladda dhaqaale ayaa saamaysay. Sii daynta kaarboon-dioxide waxay ahayd 0.6 metric ton qofkiiba 2010. Sannadkii 2011, heerka saboolnimada Falastiin wuxuu ahaa 25.8%. Sida lagu sheegay warbixin cusub oo uu soo saaray Bangiga Adduunka , kobaca dhaqaalaha Falastiin ayaa la filayaa inuu jilco sanadka 2023. Dhaqaalaha Falastiin wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay gargaarka caalamiga ah , xawaaladaha Falastiiniyiinta iyo warshadaha maxalliga ah.
[[File:Rawabi - industrial area.jpg|thumb|Dhismaha Rawabi iyo agagaarka warshadaha]]
Sida lagu sheegay warbixin uu soo saaray Bangiga Adduunka , saamaynta dhaqaale ee siyaasadda xidhitaanka Israa’iil ayaa ahayd mid qoto dheer, taasoo si toos ah uga qayb qaadatay hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaalaha, shaqo la’aanta baahsan, iyo kor u kaca faqriga tan iyo bilowgii Intifada Labaad ee Sebtembar 2000 .  Xayiraadahani waxay si ba'an u hakiyeen kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo horumarka gobolka.  Ka dib Dagaalkii Gaza ee 2014 , halkaas oo dhismayaal badan ay waxyeeloobeen ama burburiyeen, socodka dhismaha iyo alaabta ceeriin ee Gaza ayaa si aad ah loo xaddiday. Dhoofinta joogtada ah ee gobolka ayaa gebi ahaanba la joojiyay, taas oo uga sii dareysa caqabadaha dhaqaale ee soo food saaray dadweynaha.
[[File:Flickr - Israel Defense Forces - Gaza by Night.jpg|thumb|Gaza ka hor dagaalkii 2023]]
Mid ka mid ah tallaabooyinka culeyska leh ee ay Israa'iil soo rogtay ayaa ah nidaamka &quot;dib-u-celinta&quot; ee lagu dhaqan geliyo meelaha laga gudbo ee gudaha dhulka Falastiiniyiinta .  Siyaasaddani waxay ku khasabtaa alaab-qeybiyeyaasha inay badeecadahooda ka dejiyaan oo ay dib ugu raraan hal baabuur oo kale, taasoo keentay kharashaad gaadiid oo aad u badan iyo waqti dheer oo ay ku sii maraan badeecadaha la dhammeeyey iyo alaabta ceeriin. Kharashyadan dheeraadka ah waxay sii carqaladeynayaan kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo jiritaanka.  Sida uu dhigayo 1995 Oslo II Accord , waxaa lagu heshiiyey in maamulka Aagga C lagu wareejiyo maamulka Falastiiniyiinta 18 bilood gudahood, marka laga reebo arrimaha lagu go'aaminayo heshiiska heerka kama dambaysta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Israa'iil waxay ku guuldareysatay inay fuliso waajibaadkeeda ku xusan heshiiskii Oslo, taasoo muujineysa baahida degdegga ah ee xisaabtanka iyo soo afjarida isla xisaabtan la'aanta.  Komishanka Yurub ayaa muujiyay saamaynta xun ee xannibaadda West Bank ee Israa'iil , iyada oo ku qiyaastay in ay keentay saboolnimada dhaqaale ee sanadlaha ah ee Falastiiniyiinta 2-3% ee GDP. Intaa waxaa dheer, tirada sii kordheysa ee xiritaanka gudaha iyo dibedda ayaa sii socota inay saameyn xun ku yeelato rajada laga qabo soo kabashada dhaqaalaha gobolka. 
Sannadkii 2015, saamaynta dhaqaale ee isticmaalka sharci darrada ah ee Israa’iil ee khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Falastiin waxa si muxaafid ah loogu qiyaasay US$1.83 bilyan, oo u dhiganta 22% GDP-ga Falastiin sannadkaas.  Warbixinta 2015 ee Bangiga Adduunka, qaybta wax soo saarka ee GDP ayaa hoos uga dhacday 19% ilaa 10 % inta u dhaxaysa saxeexa Heshiisyada Oslo ilaa 2011 . 22% ilaa GDP Falastiin.  Warbixintu waxay xustay in Israa'iil iyo Urdun ay si wada jir ah u soo saaraan $4.2 bilyan sannadkii iibka alaabtan, taasoo ka dhigan 6% sahayda potash-ka caalamiga ah iyo 73% wax soo saarka bromine-ka caalamiga ah. 
Guud ahaan, haddii Falastiiniyiintu ay si aan xaddidnayn u heli lahaayeen dhulkooda ee Aagga 'C', faa'iidooyinka dhaqaale ee Falastiin waxay kordhin karaan 35% GDP, oo gaaraya ugu yaraan $3.4 bilyan sannadkii.  Sidoo kale, xayiraadaha biyuhu waxay ku kaceen kharash dhan US $ 1.903, oo u dhiganta 23.4% GDP, halka xayiraadda joogtada ah ee Israel ee Marinka Gaza ay keentay kharash dhan $ 1.908 bilyan US $, oo ka dhigan 23.5% GDP ee 2010 . xaqa loo leeyahay in la horumariyo bulsho barwaaqo ah oo leh dhaqaale deggan iyo kobac waara. 
Wax soo saarka guud ee guud ee Falastiin (GDP) ayaa hoos u dhacay 35% rubuci hore ee 2024, sababtoo ah dagaalka ka socda Gaza, Xafiiska Dhexe ee Tirakoobka Falastiin (PCBS) ayaa sheegay.  Waxaa jiray farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya Daanta Galbeed, kaas oo arkay hoos u dhac 25% ah iyo Marinka Gaza, tiradu waa 86% iyada oo uu socdo dagaalka.  Qaybta wax soo saarka ayaa hoos u dhacday 29% ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 95% ee Gaza, halka qaybta dhismuhu hoos u dhacday 42% ee Daanta Galbeed oo asal ahaan ku burburtay Gaza, iyada oo 99% hoos u dhacday.
===Beeraha===
Ka dib markii Israa'iil ay qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza 1967-dii, beeralayda falastiiniyiinta waxaa soo gaaray dib u dhac weyn.  Wax ku biirinta waaxdu ee GDP ayaa hoos u dhacday, xooggii shaqaale ee beeralaydana wuu yaraaday.  Meelaha la beero ee Daanta Galbeed ayaa si joogto ah hoos ugu dhacay tan iyo 1967.  Beeralayda Falastiiniyiinta ayaa caqabad ku ah suuqgeynta iyo qaybinta alaabtooda, xayiraadaha Israel ee isticmaalka biyaha ayaa si weyn u saameeyay beeraha Falastiiniyiinta.  In ka badan 85% biyaha falastiiniyiinta ee ka yimaada daanta galbeed waxaa adeegsata Israel, falastiiniyiintana waxaa loo diiday inay helaan kheyraadka biyaha ee webiyada Urdun iyo Yarmuuk. 
Qaza, biyo-mareenada xeebta waxay la il daran tahay soo gelitaanka biyaha cusbada. Xayiraadaha Israel ayaa xaddiday waraabka dhulka falastiiniyiinta, iyadoo kaliya 6% dhulka Daanta Galbeed ee ay falastiiniyiintu beeran yihiin la waraabiyo, halka dadka Israa’iil degan ay waraabiyaan qiyaastii 70% dhulkooda. Dagaalkii Khaliijka ee 1991 wuxuu saameyn ba'an ku yeeshay beeralayda falastiiniyiinta, maadaama inta badan loo dhoofiyo wadamada Khaliijka Carabta.  Dhoofinta Falastiiniyiinta ee Wadamada Khaliijka ayaa hoos u dhacay 14% natiijada dagaalka, taasoo keentay saameyn dhaqaale oo weyn.
===Biyo-helidda iyo nadaafadda===
Biyo gelinta iyo fayadhowrka dhulka falastiiniyiinta waxaa lagu gartaa biyo la’aan aad u daran waxaana saameyn weyn ku leh gumeysiga Israel. Khayraadka biyaha ee Falastiin waxaa qayb ahaan gacanta ku haya Israa'iil sababtoo ah qayb ahaan kakanaanta taariikheed iyo juquraafi ahaaneed iyadoo Israa'iil ay siisay madaxbannaani qaybeed 2017 . Israa'iil waxay siisaa dhulalka falastiiniyiinta biyaha sahaydeeda biyaha iyo sahayda biyaha sasarka leh, 2012 oo bixisa 52 MCM . 
Guud ahaan, tayada biyuhu aad bay uga xun yihiin Marinka Gaza marka la barbar dhigo Daanta Galbeed. Qiyaastii saddex meelood meel meel ka mid ah biyaha la geeyey dhulka falastiiniyiinta ayaa ku lumay shabakada qaybinta . Go’doominta joogtada ah ee marinka Qaza iyo dagaalka Gaza ayaa sababay burbur xooggan oo soo gaaray kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee marinka Qaza. Ku saabsan biyaha wasakhda ah, dhirta daaweynta ee hadda jirta ma laha awood ay ku daaweeyaan dhammaan biyaha wasakhda ah ee la soo saaro, taasoo keenta wasakhowga biyaha daran. Horumarinta qaybta aad ayey ugu xidhan tahay maalgelinta dibadda. 
===Wax-soo-saarka===
Qaybaha wax soo saarka ee Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dunta, habaynta cuntada, dawooyinka, qalabka dhismaha, alaabta guriga, alaabta caaga ah, dhagaxa, iyo elektarooniga.  Alaabooyinka xusidda mudan waxaa ka mid ah dharka, saliidda saytuunka, caanaha, alaabta guriga, ceramics, iyo qalabka dhismaha.  Kahor Intifada Labaad, Falastiin waxay lahayd saldhig warshadeed oo xoog leh oo ku yaal Jerusalem iyo Gaza. Caqabadaha laga taagay Daanta Galbeed ayaa ka dhigay dhaqdhaqaaq adag; go’doominta marinka Qaza ayaa si weyn u saamaysay xaaladda dhaqaale ee dhulka. Laga bilaabo 2023 , sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Dhaqaalaha , waaxda wax soo saarka ayaa la filayaa inay koraan 2.5% ayna abuuraan 79,000 shaqo lixda sano ee soo socota.  Falastiin waxay inta badan dhoofisaa alaabta dhagaxa ah (limestone, marble - 13.3%), alaabta guriga (11.7%), balaastikada (10.2%) iyo birta iyo birta (9.1%). Badeecadahaas intooda badan waxaa loo dhoofiyaa Jordan, Maraykanka, Israa'iil iyo Masar.
Hebron waa magaalada ugu horumarsan dhanka warshadaha ee gobolka waxayna u adeegtaa sidii xudunta dhoofinta wax soo saarka Falastiin. In ka badan 40% dhaqaalaha qaranka ayaa soo saara halkaas. Madbacada ugu horumarsan Bariga Dhexe waa Xebroon. Dhagaxyo badan ayaa ku yaal gobolka ku xeeran. Kaydadka Silikoon ayaa laga helay dhulka Gaza. Dhagaxa Jerusalem, oo laga soo saaray Daanta Galbeed, ayaa loo isticmaalay dhismayaal badan oo ku yaala Jerusalem. Hebron waxa aad loogu yaqaanaa wax-soo-saarka dhalada. Nablus waxaa lagu xusay saabuunteeda Nablus . Qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha ka shaqeeya dhulka Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah Siniora Foods , Sinokrot Industries , Schneider Electric , PepsiCo iyo Coca-Cola . 
Dadaalada nabadeed ee dhaqaalaha Israel-Falastiin waxay keeneen dhowr hindise, sida Dooxada Nabadda iyo Jebinta Impasse , kuwaas oo kor u qaadaya mashaariicda warshadaha ee u dhexeeya Israel, Falastiin iyo dalalka kale ee Carabta, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay horumarinta nabadda iyo soo afjarida colaadda.  Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah jardiinooyin warshadeed oo wadajir ah oo laga furay Falastiin. Maamulka Falastiin ayaa magaalooyin warshadeed ka dhisay Gaza, Beytlaxam, Jericho, Jenin iyo Hebron. Qaarkood waxay iskaashi wadajir ah la leeyihiin wadamada Yurub
===Tamarta===
[[File:Solar_Plant_in_Jericho.jpg|thumb|Warshada qorraxda ee Jeriko]]
Falastiin ma soo saarto saliid iyo gaas u gaar ah. Laakiin sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada Qaramada Midoobay, &quot; kaydka saliidda iyo gaasta ee baaxadda leh&quot; ayaa ku yaal dhulka Falastiiniyiinta. Xaalada colaadeed ee ay ku sugan tahay awgeed, tamarta iyo shidaalka ugu badan ee Falastiin waxaa laga keenaa Israa’iil iyo dhammaan dalalka kale ee dariska ah sida Masar, Urdun iyo Sucuudiga.
Sannadkii 2012, korontada laga heli karo Daanta Galbeed iyo Gaza waxay ahayd 5,370 GW-saac (3,700 ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 1,670 ee Gaza), halka isticmaalka sannadlaha ah ee qof kasta oo koronto ah (ka dib markii laga jaray khasaaraha gudbinta) uu ahaa 950 kWh. Warshada Korontada ee Qaza waa warshadda tamarta kaliya ee ku taal marinka Gaza. Waxaa iska leh Shirkadda Korontada ee Gaza (GPGC), oo hoos timaada Shirkadda Korontada ee Falastiin (PEC). Shirkadda Korontada Degmada Jerusalem , oo hoos timaada PEC, waxay siisaa koronto dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah ee deggan Yeruusaalem.
Saraakiisha dawladda ayaa si isa soo taraysa diiradda u saaray tamarta qorraxda si loo yareeyo ku tiirsanaanta Israel ee tamarta. Sanduuqa Maalgelinta Falastiin ayaa bilaabay &quot;Noor Palestine&quot;, mashruuc ujeedadiisu tahay in lagu bixiyo awoodda Falastiin.  Qudra Energy, oo ay iska kaashadeen Bank of Falastiin iyo NAPCO ayaa aasaasay warshado koronto qoraxda oo dhan Jammala , Nablus, Birzeit iyo Ramallah. Sannadkii 2019, ee ololaha Noor Palestine, warshaddii ugu horreysay ee tamarta qoraxda iyo beerta qorraxda ayaa laga furay Jenin. Laba jardiinooyin kale oo cadceedda ayaa loo qorsheeyay Jeriko iyo Tubas. Warshad koronto oo cadceedda cusub ayaa laga dhisayaa xarunta Abu Dis ee Jaamacadda Al-Quds , taas oo loogu adeegayo Falastiiniyiinta Qudus.
===Saliid iyo gaas===
Falastiin waxa ay haysataa kayd shidaal iyo gaas oo baaxad leh. [ 243 ] In ka badan 3 bilyan oo fuusto (480,000,000 m 3 ) oo saliid ah ayaa lagu qiyaasay inay ka jiraan xeebaha iyo dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto.  Levant Basin waxa ay haysaa ilaa 1.7 bilyan fuusto (270,000,000 m 3 ) oo saliid ah, oo leh 1.5 bilyan oo foosto (240,000,000 m 3 ) oo ka hooseysa dhulka la haysto ee Daanta Galbeed. [ 244] Around 2 billion barrels (320,000,000 m3) of oil reserves are believed to exist in shore of the Gaza Strip.[244][245] According to a report by the UNCTAD, around 1,250 billion barrels (1.99×1011 m3) of oil reserves are in the occupied Palestinian territory of the West Bank, probably the Meged oil field. As per the Palestinian Authority, 80% of this oil field falls under the lands owned by Palestinians.
Masadder, oo ah qayb ka mid ah Sanduuqa Maalgelinta Falastiin ayaa horumarinaya saliidda ee Daanta Galbeed. [ 245 ] Goobta Block-1, oo ku fidsan dhul dhan 432 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (167 sq mi) waqooyi-galbeed Ramallah ilaa Qalqilya ee Falastiin, waxay leedahay awood la taaban karo oo laga heli karo kheyraadka hydrocarbon .  Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in ay haysato P90 (heerka hubaal) ee 0.03 bilyan fuusto (4,800,000 m 3 ) saliid dib loo soo celin karo iyo 6,000,000,000 cubic feet (170,000,000 m 3 ) oo ah gaas la soo kaban karo.  Kharashka ku baxaya horumarinta beertan ayaa lagu qiyaasay $390 milyan, waxaana lagu fulin doonaa heshiis wax-soo-saar la wadaago dawladda Falastiin . Waqtigan xaadirka ah, barnaamijka shaqo ee hore ee sahaminta ka hor ayaa socda si loogu diyaariyo naqshadaynta qorshaha sahaminta si loo ansixiyo, kaas oo ka hor marin doona horumarinta buuxda ee goobta. 
Gaaska dabiiciga ah ee Falastiin ayaa inta badan laga helaa Marinka Gaza. Marinka Gaza waa gaaska dabiiciga ah , oo ku yaal agagaarka 32 kiiloomitir (20 mi) xeebta dhulka ee xeebta Mediterranean. Waxay haysaa kayd gaas u dhexeeya 28 bilyan kuyuubik mitir (990 bilyan cubic feet) ilaa 32 bilyan cubic mitir (1.1 trillion cubic feet). Qiyaasahani waxay aad uga badan yihiin baahida dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee tamarta . Goobta gaaska waxaa helay kooxda British Gas Group 1999. Markii la helay gaaska, Yaasir Carafaat wuxuu ku ammaanay Yaasir Carafaat oo ah &quot;Hadyad Eebbe&quot;. Iskaashiga gobolka ee u dhexeeya maamulka Falastiiniyiinta , Israel iyo Masar ayaa lagu saxiixay horumarinta beerta iyo Xamaas ayaa sidoo kale siisay ogolaansho maamulka Falastiin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan iyo dagaalka ka socda Gaza , mashruucan ayaa dib loo dhigay
===Gaadiidka===
[[File:To_Hebron.jpg|thumb|Boodhadh luqado badan ku qoran oo ku yaal Gobolka Xebroon]]
Laba garoon diyaaradeed oo Falastiiniyiin ah - Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Jerusalem iyo Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Gaza - ayay Israel burburisay sanadihii hore ee intifada labaad. Tan iyo markaas ma jirin garoon diyaaradeed oo ka shaqeeya dalka. Falastiiniyiintu waxay ku safri jireen garoomada diyaaradaha ee Israel – Ben Gurion Airport iyo Ramon Airport – iyo madaarka caalamiga ah ee Queen Alia ee Amman , caasimadda Jordan. Soo jeedin badan ayaa laga soo jeediyay dowladda iyo hay’adaha gaarka ah si loo dhiso garoomada diyaaradaha ee dalka. Sanadkii 2021, soo jeedintii ugu dambeysay waxaa sameeyay dowladda Falastiin iyo dowladda Israa’iil labadaba si dib loogu horumariyo Gegida diyaaradaha ee Qalandia si uu u noqdo garoon caalami ah oo ay wadaagaan Israa’iiliyiinta iyo Falastiiniyiinta. 
Marinka Qaza waa gobolka kaliya ee xeebta ah ee Falastiin, halkaas oo ay ku taal Dekedda Gaza . Waxay ku jirtaa go'doomin dhinaca badda ah oo ay Israa'iil ku hayso, tan iyo markii ay dhulkaas go'doomisay. Sanadihii Oslo, dawladda Falastiin waxay iskaashi la samaysay Nederland iyo Faransiiska si ay u dhistaan ​​deked caalami ah laakiin mashruuca waa laga tagay. Sannadkii 2021, ra'iisul wasaarihii Israa'iil Naftali Bennett ayaa bilaabay mashruuc horumarineed oo Gaza ah, kaas oo ay ku jirto deked.
===Dalxiiska===
[[File:Gaza_by_Mujaddara_-_panoramio_(3400).jpg|thumb|Al Mashtal Hotel ee Gaza, ka hor dagaalkii Gaza]]
[[File:Jerusalem_Dome_of_the_rock_BW_14.JPG|thumb|Quddus waxay quduus u tahay saddexda diimood ee ugu waaweyn adduunka - Masiixiyadda, Islaamka iyo Yuhuudda, iyo sidoo kale Mandaeism.]]
Dalxiiska dalka waxaa loola jeedaa dalxiiska ee Bariga Jerusalem, Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza. Sanadkii 2010, 4.6  milyan oo qof ayaa booqday dhulka Falastiin, marka la barbar dhigo 2.6  milyan sanadkii 2009. Tiradaas, 2.2  milyan ayaa ahaa dalxiisayaal ajnabi ah, halka 2.7  milyan ay ahaayeen gudaha.  Dalxiisayaasha intooda badani waxay yimaadaan saacado yar oo keliya ama qayb ka mid ah safarka maalinlaha ah. Rubucii u dambeeyay ee 2012 in ka badan 150,000 oo marti ah ayaa joogay huteelada Daanta Galbeed. 40% waxay ahaayeen Yurub halka 9% ay ka yimaadeen Maraykanka iyo Kanada. Hagaha safarka ee Lonely Planet wuxuu qoray in &quot;Daanta Galbeedku maaha meesha ugu fudud ee lagu safro laakiin dadaalka ayaa lagu abaalmariyey.&quot; Goobaha xurmada leh sida gidaarka galbeed , Kaniisada Quddus Quddus , iyo Masjidka Al-Aqsa ayaa sanad walba soo jiitaan xujey iyo booqde aan tiro lahayn
Sannadkii 2013, wasiirka dalxiiska ee maamulka Falastiin Rula Ma'ay'a ayaa sheegtay in dawladeeda ay doonayso inay dhiirigeliso booqashooyinka caalamiga ah ee Falastiin, laakiin qabsashadu waa qodobka ugu muhiimsan ee ka hortagaya waaxda dalxiiska inay noqoto il dhaqaale oo weyn oo Falastiiniyiinta. Ma jiraan wax shuruudo fiisooyin ah oo lagu soo rogay muwaadiniinta ajnabiga ah marka laga reebo kuwa ay soo rogtay siyaasadda fiisaha ee Israa'iil. Gelitaanka Qudus, Daanta Galbeed, iyo Qaza waxaa si buuxda u maamula dawladda Israa'iil . Gelitaanka dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto wuxuu u baahan yahay oo keliya baasaboor caalami ah oo sax ah .  Dalxiiska ayaa inta badan xuddun u ah Yeruusaalem iyo Beytlaxam hareeraheeda. Jericho waa goob dalxiis oo caan ah oo loogu talagalay Falastiiniyiinta maxalliga ah.
===Isgaarsiinta===
Falastiin waxa loo yaqaan &quot;Silicon Valley of NGOs&quot;. Warshadaha farsamada sare ee Falastiin, waxay la kulmeen koboc wanaagsan tan iyo 2008. Sannadkii 2020, Xafiiska Dhexe ee Tirakoobka Falastiin (PCBS) iyo Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta iyo Teknolojiyada ayaa sheegay in  Falastiiniyiinta ay joogeen 4.2 milyan oo macaamiil mobilada ah marka la barbar dhigo 2.6  milyan dhamaadka 2010. ee 2019, laga bilaabo 119 kun isla muddadaas.  Sanadka 2020, 97% qoysaska falastiiniyiintu waxay lahaayeen ugu yaraan hal khad mobilka gacanta ah. Ugu yaraan hal taleefan oo casriga ah waxaa iska leh 86% qoysaska (91% Daanta Galbeed iyo 78% ee Marinka Gaza). Qiyaastii 80% qoysaska reer Falastiin waxay heli karaan internetka guryahooda halka saddex meelood meel ay haystaan ​​kombuyuutar. 
Bishii Juun 2020, Bangiga Adduunka ayaa ansixiyay $ 15  milyan deeq ah Mashruuca Teknolojiyadda Dhallinyarada iyo Shaqooyinka ( TechStart ) ee ujeeddadiisu tahay in lagu caawiyo waaxda IT-ga Falastiiniyiinta kor u qaadista awoodda shirkadaha iyo abuurista shaqooyin tayo sare leh. Kanthan Shankar, Agaasimaha Bangiga Adduunka ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Gaza ayaa sheegay in waaxda IT ay awood u leedahay inay gacan xooggan ka geysato kobaca dhaqaalaha. Waxay siin kartaa fursado dhalinyarada Falastiiniyiinta, kuwaas oo ka kooban 30% dadweynaha oo ay haysato shaqo la'aan ba'an. 
===Adeegyada maaliyadeed===
[[File:Palestine_Islamic_Bank,_Salfit_01.jpg|thumb|Bangi ku yaal Salfit]]
Maamulka Lacagta ee Falastiin ayaa soo saaray hab-raacyo loogu talagalay hawlgalka iyo bixinta adeegyada lacag-bixinta elegtarooniga ah oo ay ku jiraan jeebka elektaroonigga ah iyo kaararka prepaid-ka ah. Hab -maamuuska Xidhiidhka Dhaqaalaha , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano hab-maamuuska Paris waxaa kala saxeexday PLO iyo Israel, kaas oo ka mamnuucaya maamulka Falastiiniyiinta inay yeeshaan lacag u gaar ah. Heshiiskani waxa uu u gogol xaarayey in dawladdu ay qaaddo cashuuraha.
Kahor 1994, dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto waxay lahaayeen ikhtiyaaro bangi oo xadidan, iyadoo Falastiiniyiintu ay ka fogaanayeen bangiyada Israel .  Tani waxay keentay gobol aan bangi lahayn iyo dhaqaale ku salaysan lacag caddaan ah . Hadda, waxaa jira bangiyada 14 ee ka shaqeeya Falastiin, oo ay ku jiraan bangiyada Falastiin, Jordan iyo Masar, marka la barbardhigo 21 ee 2000 . Debaajiga bangiyada Falastiin waxay arkeen kobac weyn, oo ka kordhay US $ 1.2 bilyan 2007 ilaa US $ 6.9 ee 2018, oo u dhiganta 475% korodhka.  Qaybta bangiyada ayaa muujisay heerarka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee la taaban karo ee dhigaalka iyo faylalka amaahda, oo dhaaftay celceliska caalamiga ah.   Isku darka tas - hiilaadka amaahda ee ay bixiyeen dhammaan bangiyada 31 December 2018, ayaa gaadhay US$8.4 bilyan, taasoo muujinaysa koror laxaad leh oo boqolkiiba 492 ah marka la barbar dhigo US $ 1.42 bilyan ee 2007. US$5.02 bilyan, taasoo ka dhigan 61 boqolkiiba wadarta deymaha. Tani waxay muujinaysaa koror cajiib ah oo 737 ah oo u dhexeeya 2007 iyo 2018. Hadda, bangiyada diiwaangashan ee Falastiiniyiinta waxay hayaan 57 boqolkiiba dhigaalka macaamiisha waxayna bixiyaan 61 boqolkiiba deynta, marka la barbardhigo 26 boqolkiiba dhigaalka iyo 42 boqolkiiba deynta 2007. 
==Tirakoobka dadweynaha==
Marka loo eego Xafiiska Tirakoobka Dhexe ee Falastiin (PCBS), laga bilaabo 26 Maajo 2021, Dawladda Falastiin 2021 badhtamaha sannadka dadku waa 5,227,193. Ala Owad, madaxweynaha PCBS, ayaa lagu qiyaasey dad gaaraya 5.3  milyan dhamaadka sanadka, 2021. Gudaha aagga 6,020 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (2,320  sq mi ), waxaa jira cufnaanta dadweynaha ee ku saabsan 827 qof halkii kiiloomitir laba jibaaran. Si loo dhigo tan si guud, celceliska cufnaanta dadweynaha ee adduunka waxay ahayd 25 qof halkii kiiloomitir laba jibaaran 2017. 
Kala bar dadka reer Falastiin waxay ku nool yihiin qurbaha , ama waa qaxooti .  Iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay in ay ku jirto xaalad colaadeed oo ay la leedahay Israa'iil, dagaalladii xigay waxay keeneen barokac baahsan oo Falastiiniyiin ah , oo loo yaqaan Nakba ama Naksa . Dagaalkii 1948 , ku dhawaad ​​700,000 oo falastiiniyiin ah ayaa laga saaray . Intooda badan waxa ay magangalyo ka raadsadaan dalalka deriska la ah Carabta sida Urdun, Ciraaq, Lubnaan iyo Masar, halka kuwa kalena ay ku nool yihiin sida dibad-bax ku nool Sucuudiga, Qatar, Cumaan iyo Kuwait.  Tiro badan oo Falastiiniyiin ah ayaa ku sugan Maraykanka, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Yurub inteeda kale

===Diinta===
Dalku waxa uu caan ku ahaa muhiimadda diineed iyo meelo badan oo barakeysan, iyadoo diintu ay door muhiim ah ka qaadatay qaabaynta bulshada iyo dhaqanka dalka. Dhaqan ahaan waa qayb ka mid ah Dhulka Quduuska ah , kaas oo loo tixgeliyo dhul muqadas ah diimaha Ibraahim iyo sidoo kale diimaha kale. Sharciga aasaasiga ah wuxuu dhigayaa in Islaamku yahay diinta rasmiga ah laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu bixiyaa xorriyadda diinta, isagoo ku baaqaya in la ixtiraamo diimaha kale. Diimaha laga tirada badan yahay ayaa wakiil ka ah sharci-dejinta Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin. 
98% falastiiniyiintu waa Muslim , kuwaas oo intooda badan ay yihiin kuwa raacsan laanta Islaamka Sunniga iyo tiro yar oo Axmadiya . 15% waa muslimiin aan magac-raac ahayn . Masiixiyiinta Falastiin waxay matalaan tiro aad u tiro yar oo ah 1%, oo ay ku xigto bulshooyin diimeed oo aad u yaryar , oo ay ku jiraan Baha'is iyo Samaritans . Tirada ugu badan ee Masiixiyiintu waxay ku sugan yihiin Beytlaxam , Beit Sahour , iyo Beit Jala oo ku taal Daanta Galbeed, iyo sidoo kale marinka Gaza.  Diin ahaan, Masiixiyiinta Falastiiniyiinta intooda badan waxay ka tirsan yihiin Kaniisadaha Ortodokska Bari ama Oriental Ortodokska , oo ay ku jiraan Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Giriiga , Kaniisadda Rasuullada ee Armenia , iyo Kaniisadda Ortodokska Suuriya .  Waxaa jira koox muhiim ah oo Roman Catholics ah , Catholics Greek ( Melkites ), iyo diimaha Protestant . 
Dadka ku nool 350 qof, reer Samaariya waxay aad isugu urursadeen agagaarka Buurta Gerizim .  Isku ekaanshaha u dhexeeya Samaritanism iyo yuhuudda awgeed , Samaritanka waxaa badanaa loogu yeeraa &quot;Yuhuudda Falastiin&quot;.  PLO waxay u aragtaa Yuhuuda inay yihiin Falastiiniyiin , kuwaas oo ku noolaa gobolka si nabad ah ka hor sarakicida Sionism.  Shakhsiyaadka qaarkood, gaar ahaan kuwa ka soo horjeeda Sahyuuniyiinta, waxay isu haystaan ​​Yuhuud Falastiiniyiin ah, sida Ilan Halevi iyo Uri Davis . Qiyaastii 600,000 oo Israa'iil ah, oo u badan Yuhuud, ayaa ku nool degsiimooyinka Israa'iil , sharci-darro ah marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah, oo dhan Daanta Galbeed. Sunagogga Jericho , oo ku yaal Jericho waa sunagogga kaliya ee ay maamusho Maamulka Falastiin.
===Goobaha Quduuska ah ee Falastiin===
[[File:Al-Aqsa is a silver-domed mosque inside a 35-acre compound referred to as al-Haram al-Sharif by Muslims in the Old City of Jerusalem, A UNESCO world heritage site. It is considered as 3rd most holy site in Islam. (6).jpg|thumb|Qudus waa hoyga Masjidka Al-Aqsa oo ah goobta 3aad ee ugu barakeysan Islaamka]]
[[File:Bethlehem-Nativity-140.jpg|thumb|Kaniisadda Dhalashadu waa mid ka mid ah goobaha ugu muhiimsan ee Masiixiyiinta.]]
[[File:Archaeological_site_Mount_Gerizim_IMG_2181.JPG|thumb|Buur Gerizim waa muqadas reer Samaariya]]
[[File:PikiWiki_Israel_43143_Cave_of_the_Patriarchs.JPG|thumb|Godka Wadaadka waa goob barakeysan oo ay ku nool yihiin Yahuudda , Muslimiinta iyo Kiristaanka]]
[[File:مقام النبي موسى في اريحا.jpg|thumb|Nabi Muuse waxa lagu tiriyaa inuu yahay &quot; Qabriga Muuse &quot; dhaqamada Islaamka.]]
[[File:PikiWiki_Israel_15003_Jericho_synagogue_mosaic.JPG|thumb|Sunagogga Jericho waxaa maamula maamulka Falastiiniyiinta .]]
[[File:Sebastia-2-179.jpg|thumb|Masjidka Nabi Yahya waxa ku jira qabriga dhaqanka ee Yooxanaa Baabtiisaha .]]
===Luuqad===
[[File:Armenian_parade_in_Jerusalem_2018-04-07_(40611059614).jpg|thumb|Armaniyiinta Yeruusaalem]]
Falastiiniyiinta asal ahaan waa Carab , waxayna ku hadlaan luqadda Carabiga .  Jaaliyadaha Bedouin ee dhalashada Falastiin waxay ka kooban yihiin tiro yar oo ku nool Daanta Galbeed, gaar ahaan agagaarka Hebron Hills iyo miyiga Yeruusaalem.  Laga bilaabo 2013, qiyaastii 40,000 Bedouins ayaa degan Daanta Galbeed iyo 5,000 Bedouins waxay ku nool yihiin Marinka Gaza. Jahalin iyo Ta'amireh waa laba qabiil oo reer Baadiyaha ah oo dalka ku nool.  Tiro badan oo ka mid ah qowmiyadaha aan Carabta ahayn ayaa sidoo kale ku nool dalka, iyada oo xubnahooda ay haystaan ​​sidoo kale dhalashada Falastiin.  Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah kooxaha Kurdiyiinta , Nawar , Assyrians , Romani , Druze , Afrikaan , Dom , Ruush , Turki iyo Armenian .
Inta badan bulshooyinka aan Carabta ahayn ee Falastiin waxay deggan yihiin hareeraha Jerusalem . Qiyaastii 5,000 oo Ashuur ah ayaa ku nool Falastiin, inta badan magaalooyinka barakeysan ee Yeruusaalem iyo Beytlaxam .  Dad lagu qiyaasay inta u dhaxaysa 200 iyo 450 Afrikaan madow, oo loo yaqaan Afro-Falastiin , ayaa ku nool Yeruusaalem.  Beel yar oo Kurdiyiin ah ayaa deggan Xebroon .  Nawar waa bulsho yar oo Dom iyo Romani ah , oo ku nool Yeruusaalem, kuwaas oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Hindiya . Qurba -joogta Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa Falastiin, gaar ahaan Xarunta Ruushka ee Jerusalem iyo Hebron .  Intooda badani waa Masiixiyiin ka tirsan Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Ruushka . 
2022, qiyaasta qiyaastii 5,000-6,000 Armenian ayaa ku noolaa guud ahaan Israa'iil iyo Falastiin ,  kuwaas oo ku dhawaad ​​​​1,000 Armeeniyiin ah ay ku noolaayeen Yeruusaalem ( Quarter Armenian ) inta kalena waxay ku noolaayeen Beytlaxam.  Laga soo bilaabo 1987, 400,000 ilaa 500,000 oo Turki ah ayaa ku nool Falastiin .  Sababo la xiriira dagaaladii sokeeye ee 1947-1949 , qoysas badan oo Turki ah ayaa ka qaxay gobolka waxayna degeen Urdun , Suuriya iyo Lubnaan .  Sida laga soo xigtay wargayska 2022 ee Al Monitor , qoysas badan oo asal ahaan Turki ah oo ku nool Gaza ayaa u haajiray Turkiga sababtoo ah &quot;xaaladda dhaqaale ee sii xumaanaysa ee go'doominta&quot;. [ 305 ] Dadka laga tirada badan yahay ee dalka ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo rogay qabsasho iyo xannibaadyo Israel
===Waxbarashada===
[[File:Wikipedia_education_program_birzeit_university_2016_ceremoney_15.jpg|thumb|Ardayda Jaamacadda Birzeit]]
[[File:IUG_administration_building.jpg|thumb|Dhismaha maamulka Jaamacadda Islaamiga ee Gaza]]
Heerka wax-akhris ee Falastiin wuxuu ahaa 96.3% sida lagu sheegay warbixin 2014 ah oo ay soo saartay Barnaamijka Horumarinta ee Qaramada Midoobay , taas oo heer sare ah marka loo eego heerarka caalamiga ah.  Waxaa jira farqi jinsi oo dadka da'doodu ka sarreyso 15 iyadoo 5.9% haweenka loo arko kuwo aan waxna akhriyin marka la barbardhigo 1.6% ragga.  Wax-akhris la'aanta haweenka ayaa hoos uga dhacday 20.3% 1997 ilaa in ka yar 6% 2014.  Gobolka Falastiin, Marinka Gaza ayaa leh heerka ugu sarreeya ee wax-akhris. Sida laga soo xigtay blog-saxaafadeed ee Jaamacadda Columbia , Falastiiniyiintu waa qaxootiga ugu aqoonta badan.
Nidaamka waxbarasho ee Falastiin wuxuu ka kooban yahay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza labadaba, waxaana maamula Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Tacliinta Sare . Waxbarashada aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dugsiga hoose (fasalada 1-4) iyo dugsiga diyaarinta (fasalada 5-10).  Waxbarashada dugsiga sare waxay ka kooban tahay waxbarashada guud ee dugsiga sare (fasalada 11-12) iyo waxbarashada farsamada gacanta. Manhajka waxaa ku jira maaddooyin sida Carabi, Ingiriisi, xisaab, saynis, cilmiga bulshada, iyo jirdhiska. Cilmi-baarista diinta Islaamka iyo Masiixiga ayaa sidoo kale qayb ka ah manhajka sida ay sheegtay wasaaradda waxbarashadu. 
Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qasa waxay wada leeyihiin 14 jaamacadood, 18 kulliyadood oo jaamacadeed, 20 kulliyadood oo bulshada ah, iyo dugsiyada 3,000.  Jaamacadda Umadda ee An-Najah oo ku taal Nablus waa jaamacadda ugu weyn dalka, waxaa ku xiga Jaamacadda Al-Qudus ee Qudus iyo Jaamacadda Birzeit oo ku taal Birzeit oo u dhow Ramallah. Jaamacadda Al-Quds waxay ku guulaysatay qiimaynta 5-xiddigaha tayada tayada , waxaana lagu naanaysaa &quot;jaamacadda ugu mas'uulka ah bulsho ahaan dunida Carabta &quot;.  Sannadkii 2018, Jaamacadda Birzeit waxaa lagu qiimeeyay mid ka mid ah 2.7% ugu sarreeya jaamacadaha adduunka oo dhan daabacaadda 2019 ee Qiimaynta Jaamacadda Adduunka
===Caafimaadka===
[[File:Beit Jala Hospital 002.jpg|thumb|Isbitaal ku yaal Beytlaxam]]
Sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Falastiiniyiinta (MOH), laga bilaabo 2017, waxaa jiray 743 xarumaha daryeelka caafimaadka aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin (583 ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 160 ee Gaza), iyo 81 isbitaallada (51 ee Daanta Galbeed, oo ay ku jiraan Bariga Jerusalem, iyo 30 ee Gaza). Cisbitaalka ugu weyn Daanta Galbeed waxa uu ku yaala Nablus, halka Al-Shifa Hospital uu ku yaalo Marinka Gaza.
Ka shaqaynta hoos imanaysa Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO),  Kooxda Caafimaadka ee dhulka Falastiiniyiinta la haysto (oPt) waxaa la aasaasay 2009 oo ka dhigan iskaashi ka badan 70 ururada maxaliga ah iyo kuwa caalamiga ah ee aan dawliga ahayn iyo hay'adaha Qaramada Midoobay oo bixiya qaab loogu talagalay jilayaasha caafimaadka ee ku lug leh jawaabta bini'aadantinimo ee oPt. Kooxda waxaa wada guddoominaya MOH si loo hubiyo in la waafajiyo siyaasadaha iyo qorshayaasha qaranka.  Warbixinta Agaasimaha Guud ee WHO ee 1 May 2019 waxay qeexaysaa xaaladaha waaxda caafimaadka ee oPt ee tilmaamaya mudnaanta istaraatiijiga ah iyo caqabadaha hadda jira ee ku wajahan guulahooda  iyada oo la raacayo istaraatiijiyadda iskaashiga dalka ee WHO iyo Dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto 2017-2020.

==Dhaqanka==
[[File:Streets_of_Jerusalem_by_night_029_-_Aug_2011.jpg|thumb|Waddooyinka Magaalada Qadiimiga ah, Quddus Habeenkii Ramadaanta]]
Falastiiniyiinta asal ahaan iyo luqad ahaanba waxaa lagu tiriyaa inay ka mid yihiin dunida Carabta. Dhaqanka Falastiin ayaa saameyn culus ku yeeshay diinta, farshaxanka, suugaanta, qaab dhismeedka isboortiga, iyo shineemo.  UNESCO waxay aqoonsatay dhaqanka Falastiiniyiinta. Bandhiga Falastin ee Suugaanta ( PalFest ) waxay isu keentaa qorayaasha Falastiiniyiinta iyo kuwa caalamiga ah, fannaaniinta, iyo fannaaniinta dabaaldega suugaanta iyo dhaqanka. Bandhiga Maalmaha Shineemooyinka Falastiin ee sanadlaha ah ayaa soo bandhiga filimada Falastiiniyiinta iyo filim sameeyayaasha.
Dhaqanka Falastiin waa isku-dhafka caadooyinka asaliga ah, caadooyinka Carabta, iyo dhaxalka boqortooyooyinkii kala duwanaa ee xukumay gobolka. Dhulka falastiin waxa uu goob joog ka ahaa xadaarado qadiimi ah sida Kancaaniyiinta, Falastiiniyiinta iyo Israa’iiliyiinta, mid walbana waxa uu wax ku soo kordhinayaa dhaqankiisa. Qabsashadii Carabtu ee qarnigii 7aad waxay keentay saamaynta Islaamka, taas oo tan iyo wakhtigaas laf dhabar u ahayd aqoonsiga Falastiin. Caadooyinka Islaamka, oo ay ku jiraan luqadda, farshaxanka, iyo naqshadaha, ayaa dhaqanka galiyay astaamo kala duwan.
Muujinta dhaqanka Falastiin waxay inta badan u adeegtaa qaab iska caabin ah oo ka dhan ah shaqada iyo dulmiga. Farshaxanka waddooyinka, sida shaqada Banksy ee Beytlaxam, iyo bandhig faneedka Falastiiniyiinta ee sannadlaha ah, Al-Mahatta, ayaa ah tusaalayaal caabbintan dhaqameed. Magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Jerusalem, oo leh goobaheedii diimeed sida gidaarka Galbeed , Masjidka Al-Aqsa , iyo Kaniisadda Qudduuska Qudduuska ah , waxay haysaa muhiimad dhaqameed iyo taariikheed oo baaxad leh. Goobaha kale ee dhaqameed ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Yerixoo, goobta qadiimiga ah ee Sebastia , iyo magaalada Beytlaxam . 
Tiro badan oo xarumo dhaqameed ayaa laga helaa dalka oo dhan, ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan magaalooyinka waaweyn. 2009, Yeruusaalem waxaa loo magacaabay inay noqoto Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Carabta , Beytlaxamna waxay ka qayb qaadatay Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Carabta 2020.
===Dhismaha===
[[File:IHM רוואבי - Wadina.jpeg|thumb|Rawabi waa hoyga ugu weyn ee amphitheater Roman ee Bariga Dhexe.]]
Qaab dhismeedka Falastiin wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhaxal qani ah oo ka tarjumaya kala duwanaanshaha dhaqan iyo taariikheed ee gobolka. Taariikhda oo dhan, dhismaha Falastiiniyiinta waxaa saameeyay ilbaxnimooyin kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan Islaamka , Byzantine , Crusader , iyo Ottoman .  Dhismaha dhaqameed ee Falastiiniyiinta waxaa lagu gartaa isticmaalka qalabka maxaliga ah sida dhagaxa iyo farsamooyinka dhismaha dhaqameed.  Qaabka qaabdhismeedku wuu ku kala duwan yahay gobollo kala duwan, oo leh astaamo muuqda oo ay ka mid yihiin albaabbada qadiimiga ah, qubanaha, iyo qaababka joomatari ee adag. Qaab dhismeedka Islaamku wuxuu ka tagay saameyn weyn dhismayaasha Falastiiniyiinta. Masaajidada , mowlacyada , iyo madarasadaha ayaa lagu soo bandhigay farshaxanno aad u qurux badan, oo leh tusaalooyin xusid mudan oo ay ka mid yihiin Masjidka Al-Aqsa ee Jerusalem iyo Masjidka weyn ee Nablus . Rawabi waa hoyga amphitheater-ka Roomaanka ee ugu weyn bariga dhexe iyo dunida carabta . 
Falastiin waxay hoy u tahay dhowr dhisme oo Byzantine ah iyo Crusader.  Kaniisadda Qudduuska Qudduuska ah ee Yeruusaalem, taas oo dib u soo celinaysa qarnigii 4aad, waa goob muhiim ah oo xaj ah.  Qalcadda Crusader ee Krak des Chevaliers ee Golan Heights waa tusaale kale oo cajiib ah. Intii lagu jiray xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta, masaajidyo, daaro iyo dhismayaal dadweyne ayaa laga dhisay guud ahaan Falastiin. Halyeyga caanka ah ee Qubbada Dhagaxa ee Yeruusaalem waxa lagu sameeyay dib-u-habayn iyo dib-u-cusboonaysiin xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta, isaga oo soo bandhigay isku-dhafka Islaamka iyo walxaha dhismaha ee Byzantine. 
Rasem Badran iyo Mohamed Hadid waa naqshad-yaqaan Falastiini ah oo caan ah.  Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, qaab dhismeedka casriga ah ayaa ka soo baxay Falastiin, isaga oo isku daraya waxyaabo dhaqameed oo leh naqshado casri ah. Matxafka Falastiiniyiinta ee Birzeit , oo uu naqshadeeyay Heneghan Peng Architects , ayaa tusaale u ah isku-dhafkan, oo ku daraya motifs maxalliga ah iyo habdhaqanka dhismaha ee waara. Xarunta Shirarka Caalamiga ah ee Beytlaxam, waa qaab dhismeed caan ah oo muujinaya qaab-dhismeedka Falastiiniyiinta ee casriga ah. Dhisme kale oo xusid mudan waa Tiyaatarka Qaranka Falastiin ee Yeruusaalem. Qaybaha qaab dhismeedka casriga ah waxaa laga heli karaa xarumaha dukaamaysiga, hoteelada raaxada, jardiinooyinka tignoolajiyada iyo dhismooyinka dhaadheer ee dhaadheer. Taawarka ganacsiga Falastiin ee Ramallah waa dhismaha ugu dheer Falastiin.
===Farshaxan, muusig, iyo dhar===
[[File:Mohamamd_Assaf.jpg|thumb|Maxamed Assad]]
Muusigga dhaqameed ee Falastiin waxay si qoto dheer ugu xididaysan yihiin taariikhda iyo dhaqanka gobolka. Waxa ay ka kooban tahay qalab ay ka mid yihiin cuud (qalabka xadhkaha leh), qanuun (nooc ka mid ah xadhkaha) iyo qalabyada garaaca ee kala duwan.  Heesaha hiddaha iyo dhaqanka waxay inta badan muujinayaan mawduucyada jacaylka, hilowga, iyo waayaha nolol maalmeedka. Fanaaniinta sida Mohammad Assaf , oo ku guulaystey tartanka Arab Idol, ayaa aqoonsi caalami ah ka helay qaab dhismeedka heesaha Falastiiniyiinta. 
Dabke waa qaab qoob-ka-ciyaarka falastiiniyiinta oo caan ah oo ay weheliso muusig  Muusigga firfircoon ee laxanka leh waxaa lagu gartaa adeegsiga mijwiz (Flute cawsduur), tablah (durbaan), iyo sacabka qoob-ka-ciyaarka. Heesaha Dabke waxaa inta badan lagu qaadaa aroosyada, xafladaha, iyo munaasabadaha dhaqanka, taasoo kobcisa dareenka bulshada iyo aqoonsiga la wadaago. Muusigga pop-ga Falastiin ayaa caan ka helay sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, isaga oo isku daraya walxaha casriga ah ee saamaynta dhaqameed.  Fanaaniinta sida Mohammed Assaf, Amal Murkus , iyo Rim Banna ayaa wax ku biiriyay goobta pop-ga ee casriga ah iyaga oo wata habab gaar ah iyo codad xoog leh.  Heesahoodu waxay ka hadlayaan mawduucyada shakhsi ahaaneed iyo kuwa siyaasadeed labadaba, iyaga oo la falcelinaya Falastiiniyiinta iyo dhagaystayaasha adduunka oo dhan.
[[File:Free_Palestine_-2_(53253567471).jpg|thumb|Caruurta falastiiniyiinta oo wata dhar dhaqameedkooda]]
Hip-hop-ka falastiiniyiinta ayaa u soo baxday sidii dhexdhexaadin awood leh oo lagu muujinayo xaqiiqooyinka iyo halganka ay wajahayaan Falastiiniyiinta.  Farshaxannada sida DAM, Shadia Mansour , iyo Tamer Nafar waxay heleen aqoonsi caalami ah oo ku saabsan ereyada miyir-qabka ah ee bulshada, iyaga oo ka hadlaya mawduucyada sida shaqada, aqoonsiga, iyo iska caabinta. Falastiin Hip-hop waxay u adeegtaa nooc ka mid ah caabbinta dhaqameed, kor u qaadida codadka dhalinyarada Falastiiniyiinta. Rim Banna waxay ahayd heesaa falastiiniyiin ah oo caan ku ahayd codadkeeda ethereal iyo sida ay ugu heelan tahay ilaalinta muusiga reer Falastiin. Reem Kelani , oo ah fannaanad Falastiini ah oo fadhigeedu yahay Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, ayaa caan ku ah codkeeda xoogga badan iyo dib u tarjumiddeeda heesaha dhaqanka Falastiin. Dalal Abu Amneh waa heesaa iyo abwaan Falastiini ah oo caan ah
===Warbaahinta===
Waxaa jira tiro wargeysyo ah , wakaalado wararka iyo telefishinada Satellite-ka ee Falastiin . Wakaaladeeda wararka waxaa ka mid ah Wakaaladda Wararka Macaan , Wafa , iyo Shabakadda Wararka Falastiin. TV-ga Al-Aqsa , Al-Quds TV , iyo Sanabel TV ayaa ah kuwa ugu waaweyn ee baahiya satalaytka.
===Shineemo===
Soo saarista shineemo Falastiin waxay udub dhexaad u tahay Jerusalem, oo leh muuqaalo maxalli ah oo caan ah Ramallah, Beytlaxam, iyo Nablus. 
Makram Khoury , Mohammad Bakri , Hiam Abbass , iyo Amal Murkus ayaa u soo baxay waji caan ah shaleemada Falastiin intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii iyo 1980-meeyadii.  Areen Omari , Valantina Abu Oqsa , Saleh Bakri , Tawfeek Barhom , iyo Ashraf Barhom waxa ay caan noqdeen bartamihii 1990-meeyadii, halka Leem Lubany iyo Clara Khoury ay heleen sumcad tan iyo 2000 . Maqnaanshaha (1996), Faragelinta Rabbaaniga ah (2002), Jannada Hadda (2005), Waqtiga Hadhay (2009), iyo Cumar (2013).
Filim samaynta Documentary ayaa door weyn ka ciyaartay qabashada iyo diiwaan gelinta khibradda Falastiin. Filimada sida 5 Cameras jabay ee Emad Burnat iyo Guy Davidi ayaa helay amaano muhiim ah.  Filim-sameeyayaasha Falastiin waxay inta badan la kulmaan caqabado gaar ah sababtoo ah xaaladda siyaasadeed ee gobolka, iyada oo filimo badan oo lagu sameeyay sharciyada iyo halganka shaqada. Bandhiga Filimada Falastiiniyiinta, oo sanad walba lagu qabto magaalooyin kala duwan oo adduunka ah, ayaa soo bandhiga shaleemada falastiiniyiinta waxayna siisaa madal loogu talagalay filim sameeyayaasha Falastiiniyiinta inay ku wadaagaan sheekadooda.
===Ciyaaraha===
[[File:East_Jerusalem_by_Mujaddara_-_panoramio_(3434).jpg|thumb|Faisal Al-Husseini International Stadium oo ku yaala Al-Ram , Jerusalem]]
Falastiin ayaa tan iyo sanadkii 1996-kii ka qeyb qaadaneysay Ciyaaraha Olombikada , iyadoo ciyaartooydu ay ku tartamayaan ciyaaro kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin ciyaaraha fudud, dabaasha, judo-ga iyo taekwondo-ga.  Olimbikada Falastiin waxay u taagan yihiin qarankooda masraxa caalamiga ah. Dalku wuxuu xubin ka yahay guddiga Olombikada Adduunka. Kubadda cagta ka sokow, kubbadda koleyga, kubbadda gacanta, iyo kubbadda laliska ayaa sidoo kale ah ciyaaraha caanka ah ee Falastiin. Xiriirka Kubadda Koleyga ee Falastiiniyiinta iyo Xiriirka Kubadda Gacanta ee Falastiiniyiinta ayaa kormeera horumarinta iyo abaabulka ciyaarahan. 
Kubadda cagta (kubadda cagta) waa isboortiga ugu caansan Falastiin , oo leh kooxda kubbadda cagta qaranka ee Falastiin oo matalaya gobolka kubbadda cagta caalamiga ah oo ay maamusho FIFA adduunka oo dhan. Koobka Falastiin waa tartanka ugu horeeya ee kubada cagta gudaha Falastiin.  Waxay ka kooban tahay kooxo ka socda Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza, guushana waxay u taagan tahay Falastiin koobka AFC . Garoonka caalamiga ah ee Faysal Al-Xuseeni , oo ku yaalla magaalada Qudus, ayaa u taagan sidii garoonka ugu weyn ee Falastiin.  Waxay u adeegtaa sidii garoonkii kooxda kubbadda cagta qaranka. Garoomada kale ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah Dora International Stadium ee Hebron, Garoonka Falastiin ee Gaza iyo Nablus Football Stadium ee Nablus. 
Mohammed Hamada waa miisaan-qaadihii ugu horreeyay ee Falastiin, kaasoo ku guuleystay dahab 2022 International Weightlifting Federation International Championship Junior World Championship

==Tixraac==
[https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15670.doc.htm &quot;Golaha Ammaanku wuu ku guul daraystay inuu soo jeediyo in Qaramada Midoobay ay si buuxda uga mid noqoto dawladda Falastiin, iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay diidmada qayaxan ee Maraykanku] {{Wayback|url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15670.doc.htm |date=20240423110923 }}

[https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/140699#:~:text=ActionAid%3A%20Conditions%20in%20Rafah%20at,over%20one%20million%20displaced%20people &quot;ActionAid: Xaaladaha Rafah oo ah meesha burbursan, oo ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan hal milyan oo qof&quot;]

[https://www.npr.org/2024/05/24/g-s1-741/rafah-gaza-israel-hamas-war &quot;Ku dhawaad ​​1 milyan oo falastiiniyiin ah ayaa ka qaxaya Rafah iyo waqooyiga Gaza&quot;]

[https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/opt-west-bank-and-gaza-strip-population-census-2007-briefing OPT: Tirakoobka Dadweynaha ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza ee 2007]

[https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf &quot;Shaxda 3, Tirada dadka ee jinsiga, heerka korodhka dadweynaha ee sanadlaha ah, bedka dhulka iyo cufnaanta&quot;]

[https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Gaza_Strip_Acute_Food_Insecurity_Malnutrition_July_Sept2025_Special_Snapshot.pdf &quot;GAZA STRIP: Macaluul ayaa laga xaqiijiyey Gobolka Gaza, oo la saadaaliyey inay sii fidi doonto | 1 Luulyo - 30 Sebtembar 2025&quot;]

[https://archive.today/20250410202716/https://www.un.org/unispal/document/un-special-committee-press-release-19nov24/ &quot;Xasuus ayaa ka dhacaya indhahayaga hortooda: Taariikhdu ma cafin doonto waxqabad la'aantayada, Guddiga Gaarka ah ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ka digay warbixintii guddiga 4-aad ee Golaha Guud]

[https://press.un.org/en/2024/gapal1473.doc.htm 'Waa Muhiim in Xasuuqa loogu yeero Xasuuq', Ka fiirso in la laalo aqoonsiga Israa'iil oo ah dal xubin ka ah Qaramada Midoobay, Khubaradu waxay u sheegeen Guddiga Xuquuqda Falastiin] {{Wayback|url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/gapal1473.doc.htm |date=20241105122046 }}

[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-09-10-mn-33546-story.html Israa'iil iyo PLO, ee Bid Taariikhiga ah ee Nabadda, waxay ku heshiiyaan aqoonsiga labada dhinac: Mideast: Ka dib tobanaan sano oo colaad ah, heshiisku wuxuu hoosta ka xariiqayaa u diyaargarowga labada dhinac ee ah inay wada noolaadaan.]

[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm &quot;Guddiyeyaashu waxay isku khilaafeen Xaaladda la wareegidda Gaza&quot;]

[https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-death-toll-war-health-ministry-816d592952814db869924f9626ca8876 In ka badan 60,000 oo Falastiiniyiin ah ayaa lagu dilay dagaalka 21-ka bilood ah ee Israel iyo Xamaas, sida ay sheegtay Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Gaza]

[http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/docs/CERD.C.ISR.CO.14-16.pdf Tixgelinta warbixinnada ay soo gudbiyaan xisbiyada Dawladdu sida waafaqsan qodobka 9 ee Axdiga]

[https://www.un.org/unispal/document/oic-committee-of-six-on-palestine-considers-launching-global-action-to-support-the-rights-of-the-palestinian-people-and-end-the-occupation-press-release-non-un-document/ &quot;Guddiga OIC ee Lixda Falastiin waxay tixgelinayaan bilaabista Tallaabo caalami ah si ay u taageeraan xuquuqda dadka Falastiiniyiinta iyo joojinta shaqada - War-saxaafadeed (Dukumenti aan UN-ka ahayn)&quot;]

[https://tamilnation.org/tamileelam/shankarrajee &quot;Xiriir gaar ah la yeelo Madaxweynihii hore ee Falastiin Yaasir Carafaat]

[https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=pr1083 &quot;Xeer-ilaaliyaha Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Dambiyada, Fatou Bensouda, ayaa furaysa baaritaan horudhac ah oo ku saabsan xaaladda Falastiin&quot;]

[https://undocs.org/A/RES/70/225 Madax-bannaanida Joogtada ah ee dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah ee ku nool dhulka la haysto ee Falastiin, oo ay ku jirto Bariga Jerusalem, iyo dadka Carabta ah ee ku nool Golan Suuriya ee la haysto ee ku saabsan kheyraadkooda dabiiciga ah A/RES/70/225]

[https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/ga11317.doc.htm &quot;Qaramada Midoobay Golaha Guud ee Toddoba iyo Lixdan: Golaha Guud ee Guud, Kulamada 44aad &amp; 45aad (PM &amp; Habeenkii). GA/11317: Golaha Guud wuxuu si aqlabiyad ah ugu codeeyay in Falastiin 'Xaaladda Kormeerayaasha aan Xubin ka ahayn' ee Qaramada Midoobay&quot;]

[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israel-defies-un-after-vote-on-palestine-with-plans-for-3000-new-homes-in-the-west-bank-8372494.html &quot;Israa'iil ayaa diidday Qaramada Midoobay ka dib markii ay u codaysay Falastiin iyadoo qorsheynaysa 3,000 oo guri oo cusub oo ku yaal Daanta Galbeed]

[https://apnews.com/article/un-resolution-palestinians-membership-rights-us-assembly-875560e897f27d6600090420f36404e4 &quot;Golaha Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ansixiyay qaraar siinaya Falastiin xuquuq cusub iyo dib u soo nooleynta xubinnimadeeda Qaramada Midoobay&quot;]

[https://www.alquds.edu/en/news/staff-news/38806/al-quds-university-wins-a-five-star-rating-in-all-qs-international-indicators-as-the-first-university-in-the-history-of-palestinian-higher-education/ &quot;Jaamacada Al-Quds waxay ku guulaysatay Qiimaynta Shanta Xiddig ee dhammaan QS International tilmaamayaasha sida Jaamacaddii ugu horeysay ee Taariikhda Waxbarashada Sare ee Falastiin&quot;]

[https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/1/29/palestine-bow-out-of-asian-cup-after-spirited-display-against-qatar &quot;Falastiin ayaa ka hartay koobka Asia ka dib markii ay soo bandhigeen ciyaar aad u xiiso badan oo ay la ciyaareen Qatar]

[https://www.onlinebettingacademy.com/stats/venue/palestine/faisal-al-husseini-international-stadium/7829 &quot;Faisal Al-Husseini International Stadium | Falastiin, Falastiin, Jabal Al Mukaber, Shabab Al Am'ari, Hilal Al-Quds • Stats&quot;]

[https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/8/11/the-gaza-man-a-palestinians-quest-to-make-it-to-the-olympics &quot;Ninka Gaza: Doonista Falastiiniyiinta si ay ugu soo baxdo Olombikada Paris&quot;]

[https://www.nli.org.il/he/maps/NNL_ALEPH990038051210205171/NLI#$FL27975722 &quot;Khariidadda gobolka Hebron oo ay soo saartay Sahanka Falastiin, oo muujinaya dhismaha 'El Moskobiya'] {{Wayback|url=https://www.nli.org.il/he/maps/NNL_ALEPH990038051210205171/NLI#$FL27975722 |date=20240525051131 }}

[https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/portals/_pcbs/PressRelease/Press_En_Preliminary_Results_Report-en.pdf#page=14.67 &quot;Natiijooyinka horudhaca ah ee Tirakoobka Dadweynaha, Guryaha iyo Dhismaha, 2017&quot;]

[https://thewire.in/world/trapped-in-indefinite-exile-the-history-of-palestinian-refugees-over-last-seven-decades &quot;Ku xayiran masaafuris aan xad lahayn: Taariikhda Qaxootiga Falastiiniyiinta Todobaatankii sano ee la soo dhaafay&quot;]

[https://www.fifa.com/football-development/fifa-forward/news/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/palestinian-football-set-for-the-future-with-refreshed-stadium-and-new-modern-fa &quot;Kubadda cagta Falastiin ayaa loo dejiyay mustaqbalka oo leh garoon dib loo cusbooneysiiyey iyo qalab cusub oo casri ah&quot;]

[https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&amp;table_id=676 &quot;Qiyaastii dadka reer Falastiin badhtamihii sanadka ee maamul goboleedka, 1997-2026&quot;]{{reflist}}
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    <title>Cherif Al-Hassane Aidara</title>
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      <text bytes="3708" sha1="4qcsxqo9dt11s04odi5aaarxykp58wq" xml:space="preserve">'''Cherif Al-Hassane Aidara''' (dhashay sanadii 1917 ee Timbédra, Mauritania; dhintay December 2011 ee Darou Hidjiratou, Senegal) wuxuu ahaa Mauritanian-Senegalese wadaad hogaamiye ee Sufi ah kasoo jeedo Tijaniya tariqa.

==Biography==
Cherif Al-Hassane Aidara wuxuu kasoo qaxay Mauritania oo usoo tagay Senegal dhamaadkii 1930dii. Kadib markuu Senegal yimid, waxaa soo dhaweeyay Thierno Siirajaddine Mohamed Said Ba oo kasoo jeeda Medina Gounass iyo madaxa tuulada chief Seydou Diao. Ugu dambeyntii, wuxuu guursaday gabadha madaxa tuulada Maimouna Diao.&lt;ref&gt;Elhadji Lonka Sabaly. [http://www.dental.sn/index.php?lien=4&amp;id_mil=384&amp;titre=%20%20%20%20%20Ziarra%20Annuelle%20d%27Elhadji%20Thierno%20Tidiane%20Sadigui%20Diallo%20de%20Kounkan%E9%20:%20Un%20CLD%20pr%E9paratoire%20pour%20%20la%205%E9%20Edition Ziarra Annuelle d'Elhadji Thierno Tidiane Sadigui Diallo de Kounkané : Un CLD préparatoire pour la 5é Edition] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dental.sn/index.php?lien=4&amp;id_mil=384&amp;titre=%20%20%20%20%20Ziarra%20Annuelle%20d%27Elhadji%20Thierno%20Tidiane%20Sadigui%20Diallo%20de%20Kounkan%E9%20:%20Un%20CLD%20pr%E9paratoire%20pour%20%20la%205%E9%20Edition |date=20230106172159 }}. ''Le Dental''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.laviesenegalaise.com/tag/cherif-alhassane-aidara Chérif Al-Hassane Aïdara]. ''La Vie Sénégalaise''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.setal.net/Velingara-Ziarra-Annuelle-du-Guide-Religieux-Elhadji-Thierno-Tidiane-Sadigui-Diallo-de-Kounkane-Un-CLD-preparatoire-pour_a53179.html Vélingara : Ziarra Annuelle du Guide Réligieux Elhadji Thierno Tidiane Sadigui Diallo de Kounkané Un CLD préparatoire pour commémorer la 5é Edition]. ''Setal.net''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Wuxuu ku noolaa tuuladiisa Darou Hidjiratou waxaana halkaasi lagu duugay December 2011.&lt;ref&gt;[http://senenet.net/index.php/2019/05/07/sortie-du-maire-de-bonkontou-les-precisions-de-cherif-habibou-aidara/  SORTIE DU MAIRE DE BONKONTOU : Les précisions de Chérif Habibou Aïdara] {{Wayback|url=http://senenet.net/index.php/2019/05/07/sortie-du-maire-de-bonkontou-les-precisions-de-cherif-habibou-aidara/ |date=20200221153226 }}. ''Senenet''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Masjidka weyn Al Hassanayni (micnaha: the &quot;Two Hassans&quot; Mosque) of Darou Hidjiratou waxaa dhisay Mozdahir International Institute (IMI) iyo madaxweyneheeda Cherif Mohamed Aly Aidara. Misaajidka waxaa si sharfeed loogu magacaabay Cherif Al-Hassane Aidara iyo awoowoyaal kiisa Imam Al Hassane Al Mojtaba ibn Ali, cunuga uu nabi Muhammad awoowaha uyahay ahna kii labaad ee laba iyo tobanka imam Twelve Imams ee kamida ah Twelver Shiism.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.seneweb.com/blogs/chiitesenegal/inauguration-une-nouvelle-mosquee-a-velingara-al-hassanayni-de-daroul-hijratou-voit-le-jour_b_18.html Inauguration une nouvelle Mosquée à Vélingara Al-Hassanayni de Daroul Hijratou voit le jour] {{Wayback|url=https://www.seneweb.com/blogs/chiitesenegal/inauguration-une-nouvelle-mosquee-a-velingara-al-hassanayni-de-daroul-hijratou-voit-le-jour_b_18.html |date=20200412002234 }}. ''Seneweb''.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.sen360.sn/news/amp/478713 Inaugurantion d'une mosquée construite par l'Institut Mozdahir International : Le khalife de Médina Gounass bénit les actions de l'Ong chiite] {{Wayback|url=https://news.sen360.sn/news/amp/478713 |date=20200412002235 }}. ''Sen360''. 2016-04-27.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Qoys==
Cherif Al-Hassane Aidara waa aabaha Cherif Mohamed Aly Aidara, wadaad Shiici ah sidoo kalana aas aasay hey’ada Mozdahir International (IMI). Cherif Al-Hassane Aidara sidoo kale waa aabaha Cherif Habib Aidara, duqa magaalada ee Bonconto Commune.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.scribd.com/document/49609394/Qui-est-Cherif-Mohamed-Aly-Aidara-1 Qui est Chérif Mohamed Aly Aïdara].&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tixraac==
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  <page>
    <title>Abokor muuse</title>
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      <text bytes="17517" sha1="2jz3wernkik89u1366rlaokqztam5ac" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor Musa &lt;br&gt;  |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} |region4={{Flagcountry|United Arab Emirates }}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans  &lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

'''Abokor Muuse''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor Musa'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر موسى ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]].

== Overview ==
The Abokor Musa is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa&lt;ref&gt;Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics &amp; Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.&lt;/ref&gt; is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781135751753&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.&lt;/ref&gt;.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.&lt;ref&gt;Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda ==
===Nasabka ===
Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 &amp; 42&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiliyadii Dhexe===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782845864924&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]]

Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.&lt;ref&gt;Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|240px|right|Aw Barkhadle – a historic place of oath and agreement, where the Abokor Muse clan played a leading role.]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha  Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen  qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka.

[[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]]

Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.&lt;/blockquote&gt; 

Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah.

===Baranches and Subclans===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. 

Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'' (oo ,u kala baxa ''Rer Cawl'' iyo ''Hassan Aden''), ''Muuse Dhimbil''

Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha '''''Abdalleh Muuse''''' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.).  ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]]

===Saltanate of Abokor Musa===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda.

Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida.

Doorkooda Ugaasnimadu waa astaan sharaf, caddaalad, iyo hoggaan bulsho. Taasi waxay sababtay in beesha Abokor Muuse lagu xasuusto dad hoggaamiya, nabad dhaliya, iyo dhaqanka ilaaliya, taasoo qayb weyn ka qaadatay dhismaha iyo ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada guud ahaan.

==Distribution==
[[File:Hargeisa Somaliland.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A general view of Hargeisa, where the community is widely settled.]]
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road ([[Wadada Madaarka Egal)]]'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay.

Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha.

Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka.

Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah.

==Clan tree==
A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below:

{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud
***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban)
****Salieban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Arralleh Saleiban 
********Ali Arralle
********Saleiban Arralle
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
*************Mahamoud Wais
*************Arralleh Wais
*************Hussein wais
*************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************'''Mohammed Dhimbil'''
*************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie)
*************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled)
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe)
**************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden)
************'''Muuse Dhimbil'''
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Said Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan)
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Mumin Ali
*****************Naleye Ali
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
*****************Hersi Nour
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Arale Benin
*****************Guled Benin
*****************Shirwa Benin
*****************Abane Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
*******************Gulled Eiye 
*******************Sharmake Eiye 
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
********************Samter Ahmed 
********************Ziyad Ahmed
********************Mayle Ahmed
********************Elmi Ahmed
********************Warfa Ahmed
********************Geedi Ahmed
********************Amanle Ahmed
********************Food Ahmed
********************Wais Ahmed 
********************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
*********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Barre Dhible
********************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
*********************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie)
*********************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh)
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
************'''Ahmed Dhimbil'''
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
**************Abdi Liban 
***************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
****************Sarar Mohamed
****************Ahmed(Beder)Mohamed 
**********'''Aden Abokor'''
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Mahamoud Awal
*************Ibrahim Awal
*************Hussien Awal
*************Abdi Awal
************Hassan Aden
*************Ziyad Hassan
*************Odawa Hasaan
*************Warfa Hassan
*************Ladon Hassan
*************Abdalle Hassan
**************Ali Abdalle
**************Abdi Abdalle 
**************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
***************Egal Ahmed
***************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi)
{{tree list/end}}

==Notable figures== 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader.
*Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. 
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Sh. Abdiraham Aden Eigeh 
* Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder.
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health
* Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader 
* Omar Aidid – is a billionaire and Founder of Hargeisa Theatre Mall, the largest Market Mall Center .(in somaliland)
* Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist  
* Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician 
* Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer.
* Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politician
* Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland.
*Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia 
*Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot 
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Tixraac==
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      <text bytes="17532" sha1="scfyq146uf0kbga041htovk08eurxdl" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor Musa &lt;br&gt;  |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} |region4={{Flagcountry|United Arab Emirates }}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans  &lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

'''Abokor Muuse''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor Musa'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر موسى ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]].

== Overview ==
The Abokor Musa is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa&lt;ref&gt;Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics &amp; Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.&lt;/ref&gt; is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781135751753&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.&lt;/ref&gt;.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.&lt;ref&gt;Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda ==
===Nasabka ===
Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 &amp; 42&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiliyadii Dhexe===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782845864924&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]]

Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.&lt;ref&gt;Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|240px|right|Aw Barkhadle – a historic place of oath and agreement, where the Abokor Muse clan played a leading role.]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha  Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen  qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka.

[[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]]

Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.&lt;/blockquote&gt; 

Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah.

===Baranches and Subclans===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. 

Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'' (oo ,u kala baxa ''Rer Cawl'' iyo ''Hassan Aden''), ''Muuse Dhimbil''

Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha '''''Abdalleh Muuse''''' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.).  ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]]

===Saltanate of Abokor Musa===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda.

Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida.

Doorkooda Ugaasnimadu waa astaan sharaf, caddaalad, iyo hoggaan bulsho. Taasi waxay sababtay in beesha Abokor Muuse lagu xasuusto dad hoggaamiya, nabad dhaliya, iyo dhaqanka ilaaliya, taasoo qayb weyn ka qaadatay dhismaha iyo ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada guud ahaan.

==Distribution==
[[File:Hargeisa Somaliland.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A general view of Hargeisa, where the community is widely settled.]]
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road ([[Wadada Madaarka Egal)]]'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay.

Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha.

Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka.

Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah.

==Clan tree==
A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below:

{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud
***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban)
****Salieban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Arralleh Saleiban 
********Ali Arralle
********Saleiban Arralle
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
*************Mahamoud Wais
*************Arralleh Wais
*************Hussein wais
*************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************'''Mohammed Dhimbil'''
*************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie)
*************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled)
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe)
**************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden)
************'''Muuse Dhimbil'''
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Said Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan)
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Mumin Ali
*****************Naleye Ali
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
*****************Hersi Nour
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Arale Benin
*****************Guled Benin
*****************Shirwa Benin
*****************Abane Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
*******************Gulled Eiye 
*******************Sharmake Eiye 
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
********************Samter Ahmed 
********************Ziyad Ahmed
********************Mayle Ahmed
********************Elmi Ahmed
********************Warfa Ahmed
********************Geedi Ahmed
********************Amanle Ahmed
********************Food Ahmed
********************Wais Ahmed 
********************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
*********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Barre Dhible
********************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
*********************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie)
*********************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh)
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
************'''Ahmed Dhimbil'''
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
**************Abdi Liban 
***************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
****************Sarar Mohamed
****************Ahmed(Beder)Mohamed 
**********'''Aden Abokor'''
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Mahamoud Awal
*************Ibrahim Awal
*************Hussien Awal
*************Abdi Awal
************Hassan Aden
*************Ziyad Hassan
*************Odawa Hasaan
*************Warfa Hassan
*************Ladon Hassan
*************Abdalle Hassan
**************Ali Abdalle
**************Abdi Abdalle 
**************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
***************Egal Ahmed
***************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi)
{{tree list/end}}

==Notable figures== 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet.
* Mahamoud Ismail Gabush  – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader.
*Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. 
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Sh. Abdiraham Aden Eigeh 
* Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder.
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health
* Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader 
* Omar Aidid – is a billionaire and Founder of Hargeisa Theatre Mall, the largest Market Mall Center .(in somaliland)
* Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist  
* Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician 
* Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer.
* Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politician
* Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland.
*Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia 
*Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot 
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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      <text bytes="17583" sha1="h70tvig6tn2ixjgu6dy3de23mebwhuo" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor Musa &lt;br&gt;  |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} |region4={{Flagcountry|United Arab Emirates }}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans  &lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

'''Abokor Muuse''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor Musa'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر موسى ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]].

== Overview ==
The Abokor Musa is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa&lt;ref&gt;Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics &amp; Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.&lt;/ref&gt; is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781135751753&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.&lt;/ref&gt;.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.&lt;ref&gt;Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda ==
===Nasabka ===
Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 &amp; 42&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiliyadii Dhexe===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782845864924&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]]

Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.&lt;ref&gt;Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|240px|right|Aw Barkhadle – a historic place of oath and agreement, where the Abokor Muse clan played a leading role.]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha  Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen  qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka.

[[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]]

Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.&lt;/blockquote&gt; 

Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah.

===Baranches and Subclans===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. 

Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'' (oo ,u kala baxa ''Rer Cawl'' iyo ''Hassan Aden''), ''Muuse Dhimbil''

Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha '''''Abdalleh Muuse''''' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.).  ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]]

===Saltanate of Abokor Musa===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda.

Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida.

Doorkooda Ugaasnimadu waa astaan sharaf, caddaalad, iyo hoggaan bulsho. Taasi waxay sababtay in beesha Abokor Muuse lagu xasuusto dad hoggaamiya, nabad dhaliya, iyo dhaqanka ilaaliya, taasoo qayb weyn ka qaadatay dhismaha iyo ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada guud ahaan.

==Distribution==
[[File:Hargeisa Somaliland.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A general view of Hargeisa, where the community is widely settled.]]
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road ([[Wadada Madaarka Egal)]]'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay.

Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha.

Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka.

Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah.

==Clan tree==
A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below:

{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud
***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban)
****Salieban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Arralleh Saleiban 
********Ali Arralle
********Saleiban Arralle
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
*************Mahamoud Wais
*************Arralleh Wais
*************Hussein wais
*************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************'''Mohammed Dhimbil'''
*************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie)
*************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled)
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe)
**************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden)
************'''Muuse Dhimbil'''
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Said Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan)
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Mumin Ali
*****************Naleye Ali
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
*****************Hersi Nour
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Arale Benin
*****************Guled Benin
*****************Shirwa Benin
*****************Abane Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
*******************Gulled Eiye 
*******************Sharmake Eiye 
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
********************Samter Ahmed 
********************Ziyad Ahmed
********************Mayle Ahmed
********************Elmi Ahmed
********************Warfa Ahmed
********************Geedi Ahmed
********************Amanle Ahmed
********************Food Ahmed
********************Wais Ahmed 
********************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
*********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Barre Dhible
********************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
*********************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie)
*********************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh)
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
************'''Ahmed Dhimbil'''
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
**************Abdi Liban 
***************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
****************Sarar Mohamed
****************Ahmed(Beder)Mohamed 
**********'''Aden Abokor'''
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Mahamoud Awal
*************Ibrahim Awal
*************Hussien Awal
*************Abdi Awal
************Hassan Aden
*************Ziyad Hassan
*************Odawa Hasaan
*************Warfa Hassan
*************Ladon Hassan
*************Abdalle Hassan
**************Ali Abdalle
**************Abdi Abdalle 
**************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
***************Egal Ahmed
***************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi)
{{tree list/end}}

==Notable figures== 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet.
* Mahamoud Ismail Gabush  – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader.
*Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. 
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Sh. Abdiraham Aden Eigeh 
* Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder.
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health
* Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader 
* Omar Aidid – is a billionaire and Founder of Hargeisa Theatre Mall, the largest Market Mall Center .(in somaliland)
* Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist  
* Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician 
* General Daoud Elmi - Scholar and Military leader
* Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer.
* Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politician
* Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland.
*Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia 
*Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot 
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Tixraac==
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      <text bytes="17584" sha1="okhkogzo1nkp0h3n1tu75ec7pxjog39" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor Musa &lt;br&gt;  |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} |region4={{Flagcountry|United Arab Emirates }}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans  &lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

'''Abokor Muuse''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor Musa'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر موسى ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]].

== Overview ==
The Abokor Musa is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa&lt;ref&gt;Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics &amp; Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.&lt;/ref&gt; is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781135751753&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.&lt;/ref&gt;.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.&lt;ref&gt;Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda ==
===Nasabka ===
Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 &amp; 42&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiliyadii Dhexe===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782845864924&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]]

Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.&lt;ref&gt;Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|240px|right|Aw Barkhadle – a historic place of oath and agreement, where the Abokor Muse clan played a leading role.]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha  Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen  qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka.

[[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]]

Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.&lt;/blockquote&gt; 

Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah.

===Baranches and Subclans===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. 

Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'' (oo ,u kala baxa ''Rer Cawl'' iyo ''Hassan Aden''), ''Muuse Dhimbil''

Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha '''''Abdalleh Muuse''''' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.).  ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]]

===Saltanate of Abokor Musa===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda.

Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida.

Doorkooda Ugaasnimadu waa astaan sharaf, caddaalad, iyo hoggaan bulsho. Taasi waxay sababtay in beesha Abokor Muuse lagu xasuusto dad hoggaamiya, nabad dhaliya, iyo dhaqanka ilaaliya, taasoo qayb weyn ka qaadatay dhismaha iyo ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada guud ahaan.

==Distribution==
[[File:Hargeisa Somaliland.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A general view of Hargeisa, where the community is widely settled.]]
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road ([[Wadada Madaarka Egal)]]'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay.

Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha.

Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka.

Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah.

==Clan tree==
A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below:

{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud
***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban)
****Salieban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Arralleh Saleiban 
********Ali Arralle
********Saleiban Arralle
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
*************Mahamoud Wais
*************Arralleh Wais
*************Hussein wais
*************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************'''Mohammed Dhimbil'''
*************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie)
*************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled)
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe)
**************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden)
************'''Muuse Dhimbil'''
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Said Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan)
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Mumin Ali
*****************Naleye Ali
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
*****************Hersi Nour
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Arale Benin
*****************Guled Benin
*****************Shirwa Benin
*****************Abane Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
*******************Gulled Eiye 
*******************Sharmake Eiye 
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
********************Samter Ahmed 
********************Ziyad Ahmed
********************Mayle Ahmed
********************Elmi Ahmed
********************Warfa Ahmed
********************Geedi Ahmed
********************Amanle Ahmed
********************Food Ahmed
********************Wais Ahmed 
********************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
*********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Barre Dhible
********************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
*********************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie)
*********************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh)
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
************'''Ahmed Dhimbil'''
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
**************Abdi Liban 
***************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
****************Sarar Mohamed
****************Ahmed(Beder)Mohamed 
**********'''Aden Abokor'''
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Mahamoud Awal
*************Ibrahim Awal
*************Hussien Awal
*************Abdi Awal
************Hassan Aden
*************Ziyad Hassan
*************Odawa Hasaan
*************Warfa Hassan
*************Ladon Hassan
*************Abdalle Hassan
**************Ali Abdalle
**************Abdi Abdalle 
**************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
***************Egal Ahmed
***************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi)
{{tree list/end}}

==Notable figures== 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet.
* Mahamoud Ismail Gabush  – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader.
*Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. 
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Sh. Abdiraham Aden Eigeh 
* Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder.
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health
* Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader 
* Omar Aidid – is a billionaire and Founder of Hargeisa Theatre Mall, the largest Market Mall Center .(in somaliland)
* Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist  
* Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician 
* General Daoud Elmi - Scholar and Military leader.
* Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer.
* Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politician
* Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland.
*Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia 
*Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot 
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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      <text bytes="17524" sha1="qo7cb06ppf6a1dabqejoybo2xtu19g4" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor Musa &lt;br&gt;  |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} |region4={{Flagcountry|United Arab Emirates }}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans  &lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

'''Abokor Muuse''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor Musa'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر موسى ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]].

== Overview ==
The Abokor Musa is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa&lt;ref&gt;Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics &amp; Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.&lt;/ref&gt; is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781135751753&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.&lt;/ref&gt;.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.&lt;ref&gt;Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda ==
===Nasabka ===
Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 &amp; 42&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiliyadii Dhexe===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782845864924&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]]

Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.&lt;ref&gt;Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|240px|right|Aw Barkhadle – a historic place of oath and agreement, where the Abokor Muse clan played a leading role.]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha  Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen  qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka.

[[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]]

Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.&lt;/blockquote&gt; 

Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah.

===Baranches and Subclans===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. 

Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'' (oo ,u kala baxa ''Rer Cawl'' iyo ''Hassan Aden''), ''Muuse Dhimbil''

Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha '''''Abdalleh Muuse''''' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.).  ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]]

===Saltanate of Abokor Musa===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda.

Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida.

Doorkooda Ugaasnimadu waa astaan sharaf, caddaalad, iyo hoggaan bulsho. Taasi waxay sababtay in beesha Abokor Muuse lagu xasuusto dad hoggaamiya, nabad dhaliya, iyo dhaqanka ilaaliya, taasoo qayb weyn ka qaadatay dhismaha iyo ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada guud ahaan.

==Distribution==
[[File:Hargeisa Somaliland.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A general view of Hargeisa, where the community is widely settled.]]
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road ([[Wadada Madaarka Egal)]]'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay.

Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha.

Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka.

Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah.

==Clan tree==
A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below:

{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud
***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban)
****Salieban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Arralleh Saleiban 
********Ali Arralle
********Saleiban Arralle
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
*************Mahamoud Wais
*************Arralleh Wais
*************Hussein wais
*************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************'''Mohammed Dhimbil'''
*************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie)
*************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled)
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe)
**************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden)
************'''Muuse Dhimbil'''
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Said Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan)
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Mumin Ali
*****************Naleye Ali
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
*****************Hersi Nour
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Arale Benin
*****************Guled Benin
*****************Shirwa Benin
*****************Abane Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
*******************Gulled Eiye 
*******************Sharmake Eiye 
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
********************Samter Ahmed 
********************Ziyad Ahmed
********************Mayle Ahmed
********************Elmi Ahmed
********************Warfa Ahmed
********************Geedi Ahmed
********************Amanle Ahmed
********************Food Ahmed
********************Wais Ahmed 
********************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
*********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Barre Dhible
********************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
*********************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie)
*********************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh)
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
************'''Ahmed Dhimbil'''
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
**************Abdi Liban 
***************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
****************Sarar Mohamed
****************Ahmed(Beder)Mohamed 
**********'''Aden Abokor'''
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Mahamoud Awal
*************Ibrahim Awal
*************Hussien Awal
*************Abdi Awal
************Hassan Aden
*************Ziyad Hassan
*************Odawa Hasaan
*************Warfa Hassan
*************Ladon Hassan
*************Abdalle Hassan
**************Ali Abdalle
**************Abdi Abdalle 
**************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
***************Egal Ahmed
***************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi)
{{tree list/end}}

==Notable figures== 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet.
* Mahamoud Ismail Gabush  – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader.
*Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. 
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Sh. Abdiraham Aden Eigeh 
* Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder.
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health
* Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader 
* Omar Aidid – is a billionaire and Founder of Hargeisa Theatre Mall, the largest Market Mall Center .(in somaliland)
* Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist  
* Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician 
* General Daoud Elmi - Scholar and Military leader.
* Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer.
* Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politician
* Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland.
*Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia 
*Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot 
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Tixraac==
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      <text bytes="17520" sha1="pwuu3htl9qtg7d9fcu78o4nkl54lm9j" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor Musa &lt;br&gt;  |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} |region4={{Flagcountry|United Arab Emirates }}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans  &lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

'''Abokor Muuse''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor Musa'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر موسى ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]].

== Overview ==
The Abokor Musa is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa&lt;ref&gt;Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics &amp; Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.&lt;/ref&gt; is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781135751753&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.&lt;/ref&gt;.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.&lt;ref&gt;Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda ==
===Nasabka ===
Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 &amp; 42&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiliyadii Dhexe===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782845864924&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]]

Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.&lt;ref&gt;Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|240px|right|Aw Barkhadle – a historic place of oath and agreement, where the Abokor Muse clan played a leading role.]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha  Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen  qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka.

[[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]]

Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.&lt;/blockquote&gt; 

Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah.

===Baranches and Subclans===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. 

Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'' (oo ,u kala baxa ''Rer Cawl'' iyo ''Hassan Aden''), ''Muuse Dhimbil''

Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha '''''Abdalleh Muuse''''' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.).  ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]]

===Saltanate of Abokor Musa===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda.

Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida.

Doorkooda Ugaasnimadu waa astaan sharaf, caddaalad, iyo hoggaan bulsho. Taasi waxay sababtay in beesha Abokor Muuse lagu xasuusto dad hoggaamiya, nabad dhaliya, iyo dhaqanka ilaaliya, taasoo qayb weyn ka qaadatay dhismaha iyo ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada guud ahaan.

==Distribution==
[[File:Hargeisa Somaliland.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A general view of Hargeisa, where the community is widely settled.]]
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road ([[Wadada Madaarka Egal)]]'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay.

Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha.

Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka.

Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah.

==Clan tree==
A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below:

{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud
***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban)
****Salieban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Arralleh Saleiban 
********Ali Arralle
********Saleiban Arralle
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
*************Mahamoud Wais
*************Arralleh Wais
*************Hussein wais
*************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************'''Mohammed Dhimbil'''
*************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie)
*************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled)
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe)
**************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden)
************'''Muuse Dhimbil'''
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Said Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan)
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Mumin Ali
*****************Naleye Ali
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
*****************Hersi Nour
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Arale Benin
*****************Guled Benin
*****************Shirwa Benin
*****************Abane Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
*******************Gulled Eiye 
*******************Sharmake Eiye 
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
********************Samter Ahmed 
********************Ziyad Ahmed
********************Mayle Ahmed
********************Elmi Ahmed
********************Warfa Ahmed
********************Geedi Ahmed
********************Amanle Ahmed
********************Food Ahmed
********************Wais Ahmed 
********************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
*********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Barre Dhible
********************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
*********************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie)
*********************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh)
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
************'''Ahmed Dhimbil'''
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
**************Abdi Liban 
***************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
****************Sarar Mohamed
****************Ahmed(Beder)Mohamed 
**********'''Aden Abokor'''
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Mahamoud Awal
*************Ibrahim Awal
*************Hussien Awal
*************Abdi Awal
************Hassan Aden
*************Ziyad Hassan
*************Odawa Hasaan
*************Warfa Hassan
*************Ladon Hassan
*************Abdalle Hassan
**************Ali Abdalle
**************Abdi Abdalle 
**************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
***************Egal Ahmed
***************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi)
{{tree list/end}}

==Notable figures== 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet.
* Mahamoud Ismail Gabush  – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader.
*Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. 
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Sh. Abdiraham Aden Eigeh 
* Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder.
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health
* Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader 
* Omar Aidid – is a billionaire and Founder of Hargeisa Theatre Mall, the largest Market Mall Center .(in somaliland)
* Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist  
* Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician 
* Gen.Daoud Elmi - Scholar and Military leader.
* Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer.
* Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politician
* Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland.
*Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia 
*Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot 
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Tixraac==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>pwuu3htl9qtg7d9fcu78o4nkl54lm9j</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>297661</id>
      <parentid>297660</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T09:50:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-29841-78</username>
        <id>45687</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Clan tree */</comment>
      <origin>297661</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17521" sha1="hf10p6e9067kt9pviu7k87tfy7enota" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac|{{flagcountry|Masar}}|group=Abokor Musa &lt;br&gt;  |flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_United Kingdom.svg|60px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}} |region4={{Flagcountry|United Arab Emirates }}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]]|rels=[[Islam]]|related-c= Other ,clans  &lt;!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! --&gt;}}

'''Abokor Muuse''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriisi]]: Abokor Musa'','' [[Carabi]]: أبوبكر موسى ; ''',''' Magaca oo buuxa: Abokor Musa Da'ud Sheekh Ishaaq) waa Qabiil wayn oo ka mid ah beelweynta Eidagalle ee Isaaq. Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]], [[Itoobiya]] iyo [[Kenya]].

== Overview ==
The Abokor Musa is a major Somali clan that is part of the Eidagalle clan of the Isaaq clan family, traditionally also called ''Saleebaan''. Members of the Abokor Musa subclan are descendants of Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed. The Abokor musa&lt;ref&gt;Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics &amp; Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615-1-5.&lt;/ref&gt; is one of the large somali clans and among the most prominent sub-clans of the Eidagale. They inhabit the Hargiesa and Salahley regions of Somaliland, in addition to the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Kenya, where they form part of the Isahakia community&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781135751753&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Laitin, David D. (1977). Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience. 9780226467917.&lt;/ref&gt;.The Abokor Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, merchants, and skilled poets.&lt;ref&gt;Andrzejewski, B.W. and I.M. Lewis, 1964, Somali Poetry: An Introduction, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda ==
===Nasabka ===
Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu ka mid ahaa culimadii ka soo haajiray Carabta kuna soo tallaabay badda si ay Islaamka ugu faafiyaan Geeska Afrika qarnigii 12aad ilaa 13aad. Sidaas darteed, Sheekh Isxaaq wuxuu guursaday labo dumar ah oo deegaanka ah gudaha Somaliland, wuxuuna ka dhalay siddeed wiil. Mid ka mid ah, Daoud, wuxuu noqday aabihii beesha Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 &amp; 42&lt;/ref&gt;

===Xiliyadii Dhexe===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxaa si gaar ah loogu xusuustaa kaalintii ay ka qaateen halgankii uu hoggaaminayay Axmed Gurey (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ([[Saldanadii Cadal|Saldanadii Adal]]) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Sida lagu sheegay buugga taariikhiga ah ee ''Futuh al-Habash'', beelaha Habar Magaadle, oo ay ku jirto laantan, waxay bixiyeen ciidamo iyo hoggaamiyeyaal muhiim ah.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Abokor Muuse—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo , taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha, gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad, oo ah Sultanate . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada [[Herer|Herar]].&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982. KARTHALA Editions. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9782845864924&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt; Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen magalda tariikhiga ah ee [[Saylac|zelia]].&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:First_footsteps_in_East_Africa,_or,_An_exploration_of_Harar_(1904)_(14586268478).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px| [[Axmad III bin Abu Bakar|Axmad Bin Abii Bakar]], Amiirkii [[Harar]]]]

Qarnigii 19aad, laanta Abokor Muuse waxay door muuqda ku lahaayeen ganacsigii ka socday Hargeysa–Berbera–Harar. Ganacsatadoodu waxay ahaayeen kuwa ugu firfircoon ee karavaannada ka keeni jiray gudaha Soomaalida xoolaha, muxurka, malmalka iyo subagga, kuna dhoofin jiray Berbera iyo suuqyada Carabta. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusuustaa xiriirka dhow ee ay la lahaayeen Amiir Axmed III bin Abu Bakr, oo ahaa amiirkii Harar intii u dhaxaysay 1856–1875. Amiirka ayaa si weyn u qadarin jiray ganacsatada Abokor Muuse.&lt;ref&gt;Burton, Richard (1856). First Footsteps in East Africa. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. pp. 116–118.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|240px|right|Aw Barkhadle – a historic place of oath and agreement, where the Abokor Muse clan played a leading role.]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha  Abokor Muuse waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen ilaalinta dhaqanka, xeerka iyo dhexdhexaadinta. Goobta barakeysan ee [[Aw Barkhadle]], oo ku taalla inta u dhexeysa [[Hargeysa]] iyo [[Berbera]], waxay ahayd xarun dhaar iyo heshiis lagu xallin jiray khilaafaadka. Odayaasha Abokor Muuse ayaa si gaar ah loogu qadarin jiray hoggaaminta dhaarta iyo heshiisiinta,oo ah Ugaaysada dhaqanka&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku ahaayeen hal-abuurka gabayga iyo xigmadda afka ah. Gabayga ayaa u ahaa hub lagula dagaallamo, laguna xafido taariikhda. Sida uu qoray Laurence Margaret, beesha Ciidagale (oo ay ka mid yihiin Abokor Muse) waxaa lagu yaqaanay in tiro badan oo rag ah ay gabyaa yihiin, taasoo ka dhigtay beel kaalin weyn ku leh suugaanta Soomaalida.&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. ''A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose''. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;Sido kale Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen  qoys caan ku ahaa fardaha fuulka iyo dagaalka, waxaana si weyn looga yaqaanay kartida dagaal iyo xirfadda ay ku lahaayeen maareynta fardaha dagaalka.

[[File:Sketch_Map_of_Northern_Somali_Land.png|right|thumb|250x250px| Map showing trade routes leading to Berbera.]]

Qarnigii 19aad, Abokor Muuse waxay door muhiim ah ku lahaayeen ganacsigii karavaannada ee u dhexeeyay [[Berbera]] iyo gudaha dalka. Waxay qayb ka ahaayeen aasaaska magaalada [[Hargeysa]], taasoo markii hore ahayd xarun karavaan oo ay dhiseen ganacsatada Ciidagale.&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). ''Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia''. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Taariikhda Abokor Muuse waa mid ku dhisan geesinimada dagaal, hal-abuurka suugaaneed, hoggaaminta dhaqameed iyo firfircoonida ganacsiga. Waxay qayb muhiim ah ka noqdeen halgankii diimeed ee Muslimiinta, nabadaynta bulshada Isaaq, iyo kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo dhaqanka gobolka—astaamo qeexaya kaalintooda qoto dheer ee taariikhda Soomaaliyeed.&lt;/blockquote&gt; 

Sidoo kale, waxay leeyihiin tariikh soo jireen ah oo ku salaysan dhaqashada xoolaha, sida Geela, Adhiga iyo lo'da, iyadoo geelu uu yahay xoolahooda ugu muhiimsan ee noloshooda ku tiirsan yihiin isla markaana ay Aad u dhaqdaan. Dhaqashada xoolaha waxay ka tarjumaysa hodantinimada, hiddaha, iyo xirfadda ay bulshadu ku dhisantahay oo soo jireen ah.

===Baranches and Subclans===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waa beel ballaaran oo caan ku ah geesinimada iyo hiddaha soo jireenka ah, waxayna leedahay faracyo iyo laamo badan oo si dhaw isugu xidhan. 

Beeshan qiimaha leh waxay u kala baxdaa laamo waaweyn oo ay ka mid yihiin: ''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil|Mohammed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Ahmed Dhimbil]]'', ''[[Aden Abokor]]'' (oo ,u kala baxa ''Rer Cawl'' iyo ''Hassan Aden''), ''Muuse Dhimbil''

Faracyada ''[[Mohamoud Muuse]]'' iyo ''Abdalleh Muuse''. Laamaha Beesha '''''Abdalleh Muuse''''' ayaa iyaguna caan ku ah reero balaadhan ah sida ''Reer Aadan'', Reer ''Ali Abdi'', ''Reer Nuur'', ''Reer Benin'', ''Rer Gallab'', ''Reer Eiye'', iyo ''Mohamed Cabdille'', (kuwaas oo kala baxa ''Rer Dhibleh'' ,''Reer Cali'' iyo ''Reer Gubadleh''.).  ; [[Shaxda beesha|Shaxda Beesha]]

===Saltanate of Abokor Musa===
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay caan ku tahay hoggaamin, halgan iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Intii taariikhdu xusuusato, beeshani waxay lahayd taliyaal dhaqameed oo ka kala socday laamaha iyo faracyada beesha, kuwaas oo door weyn ku lahaa xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada, iyo kordhinta midnimada beesha dhexdeeda.

Suldaanada, boqorrada iyo ugaasyada ka soo jeeda Abokor Muuse waxay ahaayeen hogaamiyayaal caan ah, kuwaas oo isku darsaday garaad, geesinimo, iyo karti ciidan. Markay timaaddo dirir ama dagaal, waxay ahaayeen abaanduulayaal dagaal oo hoggaamiya ciidamo si abaabulan u dagaallama. Halka marka nabaddu timaaddo, ay noqdaan odayaal dhaqameed oo hagaya bulshada dhinaca garsoorka, dhaqanka, iyo isku duubnida.

Doorkooda Ugaasnimadu waa astaan sharaf, caddaalad, iyo hoggaan bulsho. Taasi waxay sababtay in beesha Abokor Muuse lagu xasuusto dad hoggaamiya, nabad dhaliya, iyo dhaqanka ilaaliya, taasoo qayb weyn ka qaadatay dhismaha iyo ilaalinta nidaamka bulshada guud ahaan.

==Distribution==
[[File:Hargeisa Somaliland.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A general view of Hargeisa, where the community is widely settled.]]
Beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran u daganyihiin magaalada Hargeysa, gaar ahaan koofurta iyo galbeedka caasimadda. Xaafadaha ay si rasmi ah u deggan yihiin waxaa ka mid ah ''Calaamadaha'' , oo ay kala Qaybiso Wadada Halbawlaha ee ''Airport Road ([[Wadada Madaarka Egal)]]'', iyo xaafadaha Masalaha ( Siirooga galbeedkiisa), ''Jameecada'', iyo qaybo ka mid ah Xaafadda ''October''. Meelahan ayaa ka mid ah deegaannada taariikhiga ah ee ay beesha si xooggan ugu xidhan tahay.

Marka laga sii gudbo gudaha magaalada, Abokor Muuse waxay degaan ''Qoolcaday'',''Toon'', magaalada ''Salahley'', iyo tuulooyinka u dhow ilaa ''Ina-Guxaa'', oo ah xuduudda u dhaxaysa Somaliland iyo Ethiopia. Deegaannadan ayaa loo arkaa in ay yihiin laf-dhabarta beesha ee dhulka Somaliland, maadaama ay yihiin goobaha ay ku badan yihiin beelaha reer guuraaga ah iyo xoolo-dhaqatada beesha.

Dhinaca kale, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay si ballaaran uga deggan yihiin Dalka Itoobiya , halkaas oo ay ku leeyihiin magaalooyin iyo tuulooyin badan. Magaalooyinka ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan waxaa ka mid ah ''Bisad'', ''Abokor'', ''Egal Addani'', iyo ''Iskoyska'', halka ay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin deegaannada u dhow Dooxada ''Galool-Fadhiidh.'' Meelahan ayaa xiriir dhow la leh magaalada Awarre, taas oo ah xarun muhiim ah oo ka tirsan gobolka.

Isku soo wada duuboo, beesha Abokor Muuse waxay degaan dhul aad u ballaaran oo ku kala yaalla labada dhinac ee xuduudda Somaliland iyo Itoobiya, iyagoo leh isku xirnaan dhaqan, deegaan, iyo taariikh wadaag ah oo soo jireen ah.

==Clan tree==
A summarised clan family tree of the major subclans of Abokor Musa, is presented below:

{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud
***'''Abokor''' (Saleiban)
****Salieban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Arralleh Saleiban 
********Ali Arralle
********Saleiban Arralle
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
*************Mahamoud Wais
*************Arralleh Wais
*************Hussein wais
*************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************'''Mohammed Dhimbil'''
*************Mucawiye Mohamed (Rer Mucawie)
*************Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*************Gulled Mohamed (Rer Guled)
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse (Rer Adawe)
**************Aden Muuse (Rer Aden)
************'''Muuse Dhimbil'''
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Said Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan)
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Mumin Ali
*****************Naleye Ali
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
*****************Hersi Nour
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Arale Benin
*****************Guled Benin
*****************Shirwa Benin
*****************Abane Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
*******************Gulled Eiye 
*******************Sharmake Eiye 
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
********************Samter Ahmed 
********************Ziyad Ahmed
********************Mayle Ahmed
********************Elmi Ahmed
********************Warfa Ahmed
********************Geedi Ahmed
********************Amanle Ahmed
********************Food Ahmed
********************Wais Ahmed 
********************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
*********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Barre Dhible
********************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
*********************Derie Gubadleh (Rer Dirie)
*********************Boqorre Gubdleh (Rer Boqorreh)
************'''Ahmed Dhimbil'''
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
**************Abdi Liban 
***************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
****************Sarar Mohamed
****************Ahmed(Beder)Mohamed 
**********'''Aden Abokor'''
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Mahamoud Awal
*************Ibrahim Awal
*************Hussien Awal
*************Abdi Awal
************Hassan Aden
*************Ziyad Hassan
*************Odawa Hasaan
*************Warfa Hassan
*************Ladon Hassan
*************Abdalle Hassan
**************Ali Abdalle
**************Abdi Abdalle 
**************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
***************Egal Ahmed
***************Geedi Ahmed (Rer Gheedi)
{{tree list/end}}


==Notable figures== 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali instrumentalist, vocalist, and poet.
* Mahamoud Ismail Gabush  – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader.
*Aden Mohamed Guhad (Aden Walli) – He was a Colonel and the Commander of Internal Security of the (SNM), noted for his strategic leadership. 
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Sh. Abdiraham Aden Eigeh 
* Suldan Aden S.Farah.S.Omar –Respected traditional holder.
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed, a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure. 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health
* Suldan Osman Baane –traditional leader 
* Omar Aidid – is a billionaire and Founder of Hargeisa Theatre Mall, the largest Market Mall Center .(in somaliland)
* Abdikarem Hikmawi – Is Author, literally scholar and Activist  
* Yusuf Saeed Elmi – Poet and politician 
* Gen.Daoud Elmi - Scholar and Military leader.
* Mohamed Badel – was a poet, politician, and university lecturer.
* Almis Omar Zakrie – Activist and Politician
* Abdishakur Hussein Ali– is a senior military leader in Somaliland.
*Nadir Yusuf – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Ethiopia 
*Abwan Harir Osman Guray – Well-known Somali peot 
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Tixraac==
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ciidagale</title>
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    <id>41696</id>
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      <text bytes="34375" sha1="sh5x6z7x2s9hzmvluqw1h5sa43h6ead" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac |
| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan
**Muuse Daoud 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*****************Abar Boqorre 
******************Deria Abar
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
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        <id>45687</id>
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      <comment>Noqay bedelaadka [[Special:Diff/297627|297627]] ee sameeyay  [[Special:Contributions/~2026-29841-78|~2026-29841-78]] ([[User talk:~2026-29841-78|hadal]])</comment>
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      <text bytes="34408" sha1="b2lkwj8dbv5g0wwa9kdxf6dd2h73f6d" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac |
| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} 
 |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan
**Muuse Daoud 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*****************Abar Boqorre 
******************Deria Abar
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
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| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan
**Muuse Daoud 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*****************Abar Boqorre 
******************Deria Abar
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
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      <text bytes="34375" sha1="ia6lj20tiv3z2axwye16esnciifjgyu" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac |
| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region1={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region2={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan
**Muuse Daoud 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*****************Abar Boqorre 
******************Deria Abar
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
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      <text bytes="34361" sha1="pp81k5push2vjhjiqxyopwqmdnajvr5" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac |
| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region1={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region2={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*****************Abar Boqorre 
******************Deria Abar
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
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| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region1={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region2={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)

**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan 

***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*****************Abar Boqorre 
******************Deria Abar
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali

***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
      <sha1>mfvyw4v9oqcvm12b8sa2je9ifww9g2e</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-20T03:01:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-30191-46</username>
        <id>45703</id>
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      <comment>/* Clan tree */</comment>
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      <text bytes="34361" sha1="pp81k5push2vjhjiqxyopwqmdnajvr5" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac |
| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region1={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region2={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*****************Abar Boqorre 
******************Deria Abar
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
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      <text bytes="34303" sha1="djkd2dg1saglqdpcb3psfanndc4rra4" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac |
| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region1={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region2={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)

==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
      <sha1>djkd2dg1saglqdpcb3psfanndc4rra4</sha1>
    </revision>
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      <text bytes="34304" sha1="422mvpipjvem8q189xv13irsnbkwk6v" xml:space="preserve">{{Farac |
| group = Eidagale &lt;br&gt; عيدَ جلي 
| image= 

 |region1={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}
 |region2={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}

| langs = [[Somali]]
| rels = [[Islam]]
| related-c =Isaaq and Other,clan. }}
'''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name: Daoud-Eidagalle) Waa beel kamida beelwaynta Isaaq.Beeshu waxay degaan rasimaya gobolka Maroodi jeex Ee Somaliland iyo Dalka Ethiopia.

==Baahsanaanta==
Eidagalle waa beel ka tirsan beelaha Isaaq. Waxay degaan tiro badan ku leeyihiin gobolka Maroodi Jeex ee Somaliland, gaar ahaan magaalada Hargeysa (dhinacyadeeda dhexe iyo koonfur-bari), iyo degmada Salaxley . Intaa waxaa dheer, Ciidagale waxay sidoo kale si weyn ugu baahsan yihiin dalka ee Itoobiya, gaar ahaan degmooyinka Daroor,iyo Awaare.

Beesha Eedagaale waxay leedahay laamo hoose oo ay ka mid yihiin Mohamed Daoud (Guuyoobe), kuwaas oo degan degmada Oodweyne ee gobolka Togdheer. Sidoo kale, qayb ka mid ah beesha ayaa si taariikhi ah ugu nool waddanka Kenya, halkaas oo ay ka yihiin qayb muhiim ah oo si wayn looyaqaano loona ixtiraamo, laguna magaacabo Isahakia.&lt;ref&gt;Waal, Alexander De (1993). &quot;Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 9781315308173&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tariikhda (History)==
===Xiliyadii Dhexe (Medieval period) ===
Taariikh ahaan, beesha Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd beelihii ka qayb galay dagaalladii lagu qaaday boqortooyadii Xabashida waxayna hoos tagi jireen [https://so.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saldanadii_Cadal Saldanaddii Adal]. Waxay si gaar ah ugu xusan yihiin buugga ''Futuh al-Habash'' (Futuxul Xabash) oo lagu tilmaamay in beelahaasi yihiin ''Habar Magaadle''. Habar Magaadle waxaa laga soo saaray halyeeygii taariikhiga ahaa ee Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen, oo ahaa gacanta midig ee Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;مخطوطات-24 &gt; بهجة الزمان &gt; الصفحة رقم 16&quot;. makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Ciidagale—gaar ahaan beesha [[Abokor muuse|Abokor Muse]]—waxay door weyn ka ciyaareen dagaalkii qarnigii 16aad uu hogaaminayay Axmed Gurey bin Xuseen (Axmed Ibraahim al-Ghazi) ee lagula dagaallamay boqortooyadii Xabashida. Dagaalkan taariikhiga ah oo lagu xusay buugga Futuh al-Habash, beelo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ayaa ka qeyb galay. Halyeeyada la xasuusto waxaa ka mid ahaa Basiralle iyo Dhimbil oo ahaa ugaasyo, taariikh ahaana loogu xuso iyo saraakiil ciidan oo caan ah. Qaybo kamid ah geedka qabiilka (clan tree) ayaa loo xusaa Boqorro, kuwaas oo ku jira dhamaan tarkhiidii dhaqan ee beesha , gaar ahaan ku dhadhaw qarnigii 15aad ilaa 16aad . Basiralle, oo lagu xasuusto geesinimo, wuxuu ku geeriyooday dhawac soogaadhay meel u dhow magaalada Herar. Sidoo kale waxay samayn wan ku lahayeen Magalada zelia.&lt;/blockquote&gt;jifo kale oo muhiim ah oo ka tirsana laanta Cabdiraxmaan Muuse, kaasoo ka qayb qaatay dagaladii Axmed Gurey , waxaa lagu nanaysaa Gashaanbuur oo ah Hussein Abokor Matan, oo ah geesiyadii ka qaybqaatay dagalkii iyo difaciiba Axmarada ee Axmed Gurey .

Cilmibaare I. M. Lewis wuxuu xusay in jiray laba Axmed Gurey oo la isku khalday:

&lt;blockquote&gt;Buuggu wuxuu tilmaamayaa laba Axmed oo loogu yeero ‘midig-la’. Mid waxaa lagu magacaabaa &quot;Axmed Gurey Soomaali&quot;, oo loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay Axmed Gurey Xuseen, hogaamiye ka tirsanaa Habar Magaadle. Midka kalena waxaa loogu yeeraa “Iimaam Axmed”. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in labadaas Axmed la isku khalday oo laga dhigay hal halyeey oo kali ah.&lt;ref&gt;Morin, Didier (2004). *Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982*. KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845864924.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;[[File:ShrineAwBarkhadle2007.png|thumb|right|315px|The shrine of Aw Barkhadle is a revered sacred site where generations of ''Isaaq clans'' — and including Eidagalle, who traditionally served as the custodians and leading authorities overseeing the shrine — have gathered to take solemn oaths, resolve disputes, and seek spiritual blessing beneath a holy relic believed to be connected to the Prophet of Allah.]]

Qabriga Sheekh Aw Barkhadle oo u dhexeeya [[Berbera]] iyo [[Hargeysa]] wuxuu ahaa goob barakeysan oo beelaha ''Isaaq'' iyo Eidagalleh ay u adeegsadeen dhaarista, heshiisiinta iyo xallinta khilaafaadka. Beesha Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah hogaamiyeyaasha dhaqanka, ayaa door muhiim ah ka qaadatay maamulka goobtan barakeysan.Gaar ahaan, goobtan waxaa miisaan weyn ku lahaa Salaadiinta iyo Ugaasyada dhaqanka.

Beelaha si gaar ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta sharafta iyo shaqada goobta barakeysan ee Aw Barkhadle waxaa ka mid ahayd beesha Ciidagale. Ciidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen geesinimadooda dagaal iyo hibadooda suugaaneed, waxayna sidoo kale hayeen xilka qiimaha badan ee ah dhexdhexaadiyeyaal iyo ilaalinayaal dhaqanka xeerka Soomaalida. Odayaasha la qadariyo ee beesha ayaa inta badan guddoomin jiray dhaarista heshiisyada iyo xallinta muranada lagu qabto Aw Barkhadle, si loo ilaaliyo heshiisyada loona sugo nabadda iyo wada noolaanshaha bulshada

&lt;blockquote&gt;Marka la kulmo arrin adag oo saameynaysa beelaha Isaaq iyo Eidagaleh, waxaa la keenaa waraaq si gaar ah loo ilaaliyo oo yaalla qabriga, kuna saxiixan yahay Bilaal, addoonkii Khaliifadii hore. Dhaaro cusub ayaa lagu kala qaadayaa. Sannadkii 1846, waxa la keenay Berbera oo ay wateen beesha Ciidagale, halkaas oo beelaha Aala Axmed iyo Aala Yuusuf ku dhaarteen inay nabad ku noolaadaan.&lt;ref&gt;The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62&quot;. 1849&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;Eidagale waxay si dhaqameed u lahaayeen doorka hoggaaminta gudaha iyo nabadeynta khilaafaadka, iyagoo lagu yaqaan xigmadda iyo kartida suugaanta. Xeer-beegti iyo gabyaa caan ah ayaa kasoo jeeda, waxaana ay adeegsadaan xeer-Soomaaliyeed, dood furan iyo gabayo si ay u xalliyaan ismaandhaafka. Duqeyda beesha waxay inta badan ahaayeen garsoorayaal dhexdhexaad ah marka ay colaado ka dhex qarxaan beelaha walaalaha ah. Aw Barkhadle ayaa mar walba ahayd goobta ugu sarreysa ee dhaar iyo heshiis lagu sameeyo.

Hoggaamiyeyaasha Eidagale ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaari jiray dhexdhexaadinta khilaafaadka u dhexeeya beelaha—iyagoo noqday kuwa isku xira kooxaha is haya oo nabad ka dhex abuura. Mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakeysan ee heshiisyada nabadeed lagu gaari jiray wuxuu ahaa quduuska Aw Barkhadle, oo ku yaalla inta u dhexeysa Berbera iyo Hargeysa. Halkaas ayaa lagu dhaaran jiray, iyadoo la isticmaalayo agab quduus ah, waxaana lagu xoojin jiray heshiisyo nabadeed oo waara—taasoo muujinaysa kaalinta ay Eidagale ku lahaayeen ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo sharciga.&lt;blockquote&gt;Xilliyada khatarta dibadda ah, sida soo galootiga gumaysiga ama dagaallada beelaha, Eidagale waxay si degdeg ah isu abaabuli jireen una midoobi jireen difaaca dhulkooda, iyagoo noqda ilaalayaasha deegaankooda. Dhaqankaas qotoda dheer ee hoggaaminta iyo dhexdhexaadinta waxaa si muuqata u matalayey halyeyaal sida Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria, kaasoo saameyn weyn ku lahaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad—wuxuuna astaan u ahaa sii socoshada awoodda Eidagale ee xagga maamulka dhaqanka iyo dhexdhexaadinta beelaha.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad iyo billowgii qarnigii 20aad, Suldaan Cabdillaahi Dheria wuxuu ka soo dhex baxay isagoo noqday mid ka mid ah madax-dhaqameedyadii ugu magaca dheeraa beesha Isaaq, gaar ahaan beesha Eidagale. Waxaa si weyn loogu xusuustaa xikmaddiisa iyo kartidiisa dhexdhexaadin, wuxuuna door muhiim ah ka qaatay xallinta khilaafaadka, ilaalinta xeerka Soomaalida, iyo maareynta xiriirka lala lahaa gumaystihii Ingiriiska. Hoggaamintiisu waxay xoojisay nidaamka dhaqameed xilli ay jireen isbeddello siyaasadeed oo waaweyn. Maanta, dhaxalkiisii hoggaamineed si weyn ayaa looga xurmeynayaa guud ahaan Somaliland.
[[File:Sultan Deria's Domain.jpg|thumb|An 1894 Italian map showing the domain of Sultan Deria in the Horn of Africa, illustrating the geographic extent of his influence during the colonial period.]]

Eidagale waxay caan ku ahaayeen xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, waxaana weeraradoodii xoogga badnaa ay gaadhi jireen laga bilaabo xeebta ilaa gudaha dalka. Sida uu sheegay Carlos Swayne, oo dhex maray Somaliland dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad, Eidagale waxay ka mid ahaayeen beelaha ugu jecel weerarada:

&lt;blockquote&gt;“Beelaha ku dhow xeebta waqooyi ee ugu jecel weerarada waxay u muuqdaan inay yihiin Habr Awal, Eidagale, iyo Habr Gerhajis.”&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ciidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo. 

Marka laga soo tago xirfaddooda fardo-fuulka, Eidagale sidoo kale waxay caan ku yihiin fasahaaddooda suugaanta dhaqanka Soomaalida, gaar ahaan gabayga. Waxay soo saareen gabayaaal caan ah sida Xasan Tarabi iyo Elmi Boodhari. Taariikh ahaan, Eidagale waxaa beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed u aqoonsanaayeen khubaro suugaanta gabayga:&lt;ref&gt;Diriye, p. 75.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt; “Beelaha Soomaaliyeed dhexdeeda, Eidagale waxaa lagu yaqaan khubarnimada tirinta gabayada. Hal gabyaa oo ka tirsan Eidagale laga yaabee inuusan ka heer sarreyn gabyaa wanaagsan oo beel kale ah, laakiin Eidagale waxay u muuqdaan inay gabyaaal badan ka jiraan marka loo eego beelaha kale. ‘Haddii aad halkaan keento boqol nin oo Eidagale ah,’ ayuu ii sheegay Hersi Jaamac, ‘oo aad waydiiso kee gabaygiisa tirin kara, sagaashan iyo shan baa tirin kara. Inta kale weli way baranayaan.’”&lt;ref&gt;Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|250px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Qarnigyo badan, beesha Eidagale waxay door muhiim ah ku lahayd ganacsigii geela ee fog ee Soomaaliyeed. Ganacsatada Eidagale waxay ka soo heli jireen agabyo kala duwan gobolka Soomaalida ee dhulka hadda loo yaqaan Itoobiya, sida xoolaha, malmalka (acacia gum), muxurta (myrrh), iyo subagga, kuwaas oo markii dambe loo dhoofin jiray Koonfurta Carabta.

Ganacsatada karavaanka ee Eidagale waxay aasaaseen xarumo ganacsi oo muhiim ah gudaha dalka, kuwaas oo ay ka mid tahay magaalada casriga ah ee Hargeysa, taasoo la aasaasay qarnigii 19aad, kana ahayd meel isgoys ah oo u dhexeysa Berbera iyo gudaha Soomaalida.Hargeysa waxaa asal ahaan loo aasaasay bartamaha qarnigii 19aad si ay u noqoto xarun karavaan oo xiriirisa Berbera iyo gudaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Journal of African Languages|date=1963|publisher=University of Michigan Press|pages=27|language=english}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.&lt;/ref&gt;

Qayb dhownaata oo laga qaaday khariidaddii 1885 ee ay daabacday Royal Geographical Society ayaa si cad u muujinaysa joogitaanka dhuleed ee beesha Eidagale. Khariidaddu waxay calaamadaynaysaa magaalada Hargeysa (oo ku qoran ''Harrer-es-Sagheer''), iyadoo beesha Eidagale loogu yeedhay ''Eed-a-galleh'' kuna muujisan inay deggan yihiin gudaha iyo nawaaxiga deegaankaas. Buuraleyda Naasa Hablood, oo khariidadda lagu qoray ''Nas Hubla'', sidoo kale waa lagu sawiray, taasoo xoojinaysa isku xirka juqraafiyeed iyo dhaqan ee beesha Eidagale ee gobolkaasi.&lt;ref&gt;Royal Geographical Society map, 1885. British Library Archives.&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;Beesha Eidagale waxaa si weyn loogu yaqaannaa xirfaddooda suugaanta, gaar ahaan gabayga, kaas oo kaalin weyn ku leh aqoonsigooda iyo dhaqankooda. Waxaa lagu tiriyaa dad xigmadda iyo hadal-fasahaadda ku caan baxay, iyagoo gabayga u adeegsada sidii ay u xafidi lahaayeen taariikhda, u gudbin lahaayeen qiimaha bulsheed, una xallin lahaayeen khilaafaadka. Waxaa hadal caan ah oo laga dhex maqlo odhanaya: &quot;Nin aan gabayn karin weli ma dhalan.&quot; Tani waxay muujinaysaa sida gabaygu uga yahay laf-dhabar aqoonta iyo wada-noolaanshaha bulshada Eidagale.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Eidagale waxay dhaqanka hore iyo kan weli jira u leeyihiin xidhashada toorayda wan, oo ah astaamo muujisa geesinimo, madaxnimo iyo qurux dhaqameed. Tooraydaasi oo qaab ahaan u eg golxadka cajiibka ah, ayaa lagu xidhnaa si sharaf leh, gaar ahaan xilliyada bandhigyada dhaqanka, shirarka dhaqameed iyo munaasibadaha lagu maamuuso hidaha iyo hal-adayga. Xidhashada tooraydu waxay ahayd astaan tilmaamaysa in qofku yahay nin masuul ah, lehna anshaxa iyo edebta dhaqanka Soomaalida.Intaa waxaa dheer, tooraydu ma ahayn oo keliya qurux iyo sharaf lagu muujiyo, balse waxay ahayd hub lagu difaaco nafta iyo bulshada, gaar ahaan marka la joogo duruufo ad-adag oo u baahan feejignaan iyo geesinimo.

Marka laga soo tago hidda-sugaaneedkooda, beesha Eidagale waxay sidoo kale caan ku yihiin xirfadda xoolo-dhaqatada, gaar ahaan dhaqashada geela, oo ah tiirka ugu weyn ee dhaqaalahooda iyo noloshooda reer guuraanimada. Geelu wuxuu leeyahay qiimo weyn, wuxuuna astaan u yahay hanti, sharaf, iyo adkaysi. Khibraddooda dheer ee ku saabsan dhaqashada iyo daryeelka geela waxay ka tarjumaysaa aqoon jiilal badan soo jirtay, taasoo ka dhigaysa dad si heer sare ah u yaqaan sida loo ilaaliyo loona kobciyo xoolaha.

Isku dhafka suugaantooda afka ah iyo xirfaddooda xoolo-dhaqatada ayaa ah labada tiir ee ugu waaweyn ee dhaxalka dhaqameed ee beesha Eidagale—waa hiddo soo jireen ah oo qoto dheer leh, taasoo weli si xooggan u qeexaysa aqoonsigooda jiilba jiil.
An image illustrating 19th-century trade:


Beesha Eidagale waxay si weyn ugaga qayb qaadatay ganacsiga guud ee geela iyo agabka dabiiciga ah ee gobolka. Karavaannadii ka yimid gudaha gudaha ayaa halkan ku degi jiray, iyagoo ka ganacsan jiray muxur, malmal, subag iyo xoolo, taasoo Berbera ka dhigtay xarun ganacsi oo istiraatiiji ah oo u xiriiriya gudaha iyo suuqyada caalamiga ah.

&lt;blockquote&gt;Soomaalida beesha Eidagale ayaa ka yimaada Ogaadeen iyagoo wata baallo, muxur, malmal, ari, lo’, iyo subag; beddelkeedna waxay ka qaataan dhar jumlo ah. Xilligiiba afar jeer ayay safarradan samaynayaan. Ma joogaan wax ka badan hal bil, intay joogaanna waxay la deggan yihiin reerahooda, cunadoodana waxay ku cunaan makhbaza, ama goobaha cuntada lagu wada cuno.&lt;ref&gt;Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia*. Cengage Gale. p. 41.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

==Saltanate ==
Saldanadda Ciidagale waxay ka mid ahayd nidaamyadii ugu faca weynaa ee dhaqanka iyo hoggaanka bulshada ee ka jiray beesha Eidagele. Ciidagale, oo ka mid ah jilibyada waaweyn ee beesha, waxay lahayd hoggaan u gaar ah oo ku dhisnaa xeer, garsoor, iyo midnimo bulsho, kuwaas oo muddo qarniyo ah hagayay bulshada.Nidaamka Saldanaddu wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray hab-dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo salka ku haya odaynimo, garaad, iyo wada-tashi. Suldaanada iyo ugaasyadu waxay ahaayeen dad lagu yaqaan caqli, hal-adayg, iyo karti hoggaamineed, kana shaqeeya ilaalinta nabadda, xallinta khilaafaadka, iyo u doodista xuquuqda beesha.

Saldanadda fawaynta ahayd ee qarniyo badan talinta soo haysay, ayaa asalkeedu dib ugu laabtaa qarnigii 17-aad, xilligii uu aasaasay ''Suldaan Guleed Cabdi Ciise'' — oo ahaa suldaanka guud ee beesha. Muddo dheer ayay saldanaddani ahayd tiir dhexe oo hoggaan, xeer iyo xasillooni u horseeda bulshada, waxaana magaceedu ku dhex lahaa sharaf, maamuus iyo miisaan dhaqan oo aan weli libdhin.

Sidoo kale, hogaanka Abokor Muuse—oo ka tirsan faracyada waaweyn ee beesha Ciidagale—waxay leeyihiin taariikh dheer oo ku ladhan hoggaamin, halgan bulsho iyo ilaalinta dhaqanka. Qarnigii 15-aad iyo 16-aad, qaybo badan oo ka mid ah geedka qabiilka ayaa loo xusaa boqorro iyo ''ugaasyo'' ka soo jeeda Reerah iyo Qabiilada beesha Abokor Muuse, ku waas oo door muuqda ku lahaa difaaca bulshada, hagidda dhaqanka iyo ilaalinta nidaamka beesha.

==Clan tree==

A summarized family tree of the Eidagalle Clan is presented below.&lt;ref name=&quot;survey 147&quot;&gt;Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.&lt;/ref&gt;
*Daoud(Eidagalle)
**[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] 
***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal)
***Ali Mohamed (Rer Afwayne) 
***Urkurag Mohamed
****Ali Urkurag
*****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali
*****Mahamoud Ali
*****Ahmed Ali
*****Ismail Ali 
******Ali Ismail
*******Osman Ali (Rer Osman)
*******Jama Ali
*******Geedi Ali (Rer Aw)
*******Yonis Ali
*******Ileiye Ali
*******Hagga Ali
*******Nuh Ali
********Ali Nuh
*******Aden Ali
********Guled Aden
********Ali Aden
*******Roble Ali (Rer Rooble)
********Hassan Roble
*********Jibril Hassan 
**********Aden Jibril 
**********Mohamed Jibril 
*********Deria Hassan 
**********Mohamed Deria
**********Hussein Deria
********Ali Roble
*********Warfa Ali
*********Farah Ali
**********Hassan Farah
*********Abdalle Ali
*******Abdalle Ali
********Geedi Abdalle (Rer Geedi)
********Mohamed Abdalle (Rer Mohamed)
**Abokor Daoud 
***Bilaal Abokor
****Mohamed Bilal
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Hassan Mohamed
*****Farah Mohamed
*****Yusuf Mohamed 
*****Roble Mohamed
*****Egal Mohamed
*****Abdi Mohamed
******Geedi Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Mohamed Aden
******Hassan Abdi
*****Abdalle Mohamed
******Samter Abdalle
******Hussein Abdalle
******Abane Abdalle
******Mohamed Abdalle
******Wais Abdalle
******Hasan Abdalle
***Isse Abokor
****Dualeh Isse 
*****Musa Dualeh 
*****Mohamed Dualeh 
*****Deria Duleh
*****Egal Dualeh
*****Essa Dualeh
*****Roble Dualeh
*****Samter Duleh
*****Farah Dualeh
****Hassan Isse
*****Afi Hassan
*****Hujale Hassan
*****Abar Hassan
*****Yusuf Hassan
*****Shire Hassan 
*****Mohamed Hassan
*****Warfa Hassan
*****Barre Hassan
*****Egal Hassan
*****Mohamed Hassan 
***Abokor Muuse
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman fatah
*************Gled (Wardon) Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samter Guled 
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Egal Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Wais Siad
****************Abdalle Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
***************Ali kalil
****************Said Ali
****************Koshin Ali
****************Boqorreh Ali
*******************Abdillahi Deria (Allanleh)
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sahal Said
*****************Abdalle Sahal
*****************Musa Sahal
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************Khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
*****************Jama Hussien 
*****************Nour Hussein 
*****************Farah Hussien
*****************Wa'ays Hussein 
*****************Hersi Hussien 
******************Muhumad Hersi
******************Abdi Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
******************Asker Gallab
******************Dahir Gallab
******************Wais Gallab
******************Ali Gallab
******************Jama Gallab
******************Roble Gallab
******************Abdi Gallab
******************Yusuf Gallab
******************Farah Gallab
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah kalil
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake 
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed
********************Ismail Dhible
********************Egal Dhible
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal  Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) 
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarer)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Issa Aden
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
***Abdirahman Muuse
****Yonis Abdiraham 
*****Aden Yonis
*****Ismail Yonis 
*****Ugadh Yonis
*****Mohamed Yonis
****Abdalle Abdirahman
*****Mohamed Abdalle (Bah Daylo) 
******Gadid Mohamed 
******Abdalle Mohamed
******Loge Mohamed
****Ibrahim Abdalle
*****Kulul Ibrahim (Rer kul)
*****Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheeri)
******Burale Abdi
******Qabile Abdi
******Hildiid Abdi
******Aden Abdi
******Robe Abdi
******Hersi Abdi
*****Abokor Ibrahim 
******Idileh Abokor (Rer Iidleh)
*******Ismail Iidle
*******Bare Iidle 
******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gashaabuur)
*******Roble Matan
*******Hamud Matan 
*******Aden Matan
*******Damal Aden
********Gabdon Dhamal (Rer Gabdoon)
********Hode Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Deria Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Boon Dhamal (Dhamal yaryar)
********Barre Dhamal ( Dhamal yar yar)
********Gabib Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Fatah Dhamal (Dhamal YarYar)
********Essa Dhamal
*********Aden Isse
*********Warfa Isse 
*********Guled Isse 
*********Liban Isse (Rer Liibaan)
*********Hassan Isse (Rer Hassan Isse)
*********Abdi Isse 
**********Mohamed Abdi
**********Farah Abdi
**********Eiye Abdi
**********Warsame Abdi
**********Sugulle Abdi
**********Aninanshe Abdi
**********Amare Abdi
**********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi 
**********Dualeh (Samter) Abdi
**********Habarwa Abdi
**********Yusuf Abdi
**********Warafa Abdi
**********Hussein Abdi
**********Wais Abdi
**********Rage Abdi
**********Abdalle Abdi
**********Aden Abdi ( Rer Aden)
**********Abdi Bari (Abdi Bari)
**********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed)


==Notable figures==
* Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial fighter 
* Sh Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization, which operates and establishes multiple schools across Somaliland and Beder International University.
* Mohamed Mooge Liibaan – was a prominent Somali Scholar, vocalist, poet, and military leader.
* Gaabuush – Is a scholar, an Air Force engineer, and a respected military leader, with strong tie to SAF.
* Kol Ibrahim Koodbuur – Revered Somali SNM commander and freedom fighter, known for his unmatched courage and sacrifice in the struggle against dictatorship. 
* Hassan Guure Jamac
* Abdikarim Mohamed Eid
* Abwaan Dheeg
* Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey
* Siyasi Ali Mohamed Ibrahim (Ali Sanyare)
* Hussein M. Adam|Hussein Mohammed Adam (Tanzania) – foremost Somali intellectual and scholar who founded the Somali Studies International Association (SSIA)
* Abwan Qawdhan Dualeh
* Ahmed Mooge Liibaan – prominent Somali musician and singer
* Hajji Abdi Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe)– Respected Somali elder and Guurti member, known for his wisdom and role in peacebuilding and traditional leadership.
* Khadra Dahir Cige – popular Somali singer
* Suldaan Sakariye Suldan Mohamed S.C/laahi (Galaal)
*Ugahz Mohamed Abdille Ahmed , a clan elder (Ughaz) and respected traditional figure.
* Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist 
* Mohamoud Guure Husien (Gaal-Eri) – Was a key Somali political figure who led the SNM office in France and was responsible for Somalia’s foreign strategic policy during the Ogaden War.
* Ahmed Mohamed Diriye (Toorno) – Former Minister of Education and planning 
* Gen.Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib)– Father of Somaliland Immigration border
* Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud – Former Minister of Health 
* Jama Mohamed Ghalib – served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964
* Mahamed Abdiqadir – 8th grand sultan of the Isaaq
* Ismail Mahmud Hurre – former foreign minister of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, between 2000-2002 and 2006–2007
* Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina-Guuxa Foundation
* Jama Asker –Activist And Politician 
* Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal 
* Abdishakur Dayib – Prominent Journalist
* Sucad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist 
* Fadumo faysal Ali – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy
* Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan of the Isaaq Sultanate.
* Abdi Bidhaan Dahir – Journalist
* Abwan Muse Ali Farur
* Abwan Coloaad Qorane – Poet and Member of Federal Parliament of Somalia
* Mahid Guled - Former prime minister of Somalia
* Bihi Egeh –Minister of Finance of Somalia
* Hussein Arab Isse – former deputy prime minister and minister of defence of Somalia, between 2011 and 2012
* Abdikarim Ahmed Mooge – Is Somali politician and the current mayor of Hargeisa city
* Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) – Scholar and Religious leader 
* Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member for Federal Parliament of Somalia 
* Khalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist

==Sidoo kale fiiri==
* [[Dir]]

==References==</text>
      <sha1>422mvpipjvem8q189xv13irsnbkwk6v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Shaxda beesha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>43416</id>
    <revision>
      <id>297654</id>
      <parentid>297579</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T05:16:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-29841-78</username>
        <id>45687</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>297654</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15600" sha1="4t5f0mx5rfxysyxxzg1yw35yh69ahxm" xml:space="preserve">'''Shaxda beesha''' waxaan halkan ku soo bandhigaynaa (Clan Tree/Abtirsiinta), waxaana hoos ku faahfaahin doonaa sida ay Reeruhu u kala baxaan, Reeraha ay ka kobanyihiih, iyo Deegaannada ay deggan yihiin ama ay ku fidsan yihiin.

&lt;br /&gt;
{{Tree list}}
*Daoud (Eidagalle)
**Muuse Daoud 
***Abokor 
****Saleiban Abokor
*****Mohammad Salieban 
******Saleiban Mohamed
*******Yousuf Saleiban
********Osman Yusuf
********Said Yusuf
********Mohamed Yusuf
*******Aralleh Saleiban
********Ali Arralle 
********Saleiban Arralle 
*********Abokor Saleiban
**********Abdalleh Abokor
***********Saleiban Abdalle
************Osman Saleiban 
*************Waisleh Osman
**************Mahamoud Wais
**************Arralleh Wais
**************Hussein wais
**************Saleiban Wais
**********Saleiban Abokor
***********Warfa Saleiban
***********Arreh Saleiban
***********Farah Saleiban
***********Mahamoud Saleiban
**********Hassan Abokor
***********Muuse Hassan
***********Laqshe Hassan
***********Basiralle Hassan
***********Hawrarsame
***********Dhimbil Hassan
************Mohammed Dhimbil
*************Musa Mohamed
**************Adawe Muuse
***************Absiye Adawe
***************Allamagn Adawe
***************Yusuf Adawe
***************Liban Adawe
***************Roble Adawe
***************Osman Adawe
***************Egal Adawe
***************Wais Adawe
**************Aden Muuse
***************Had Adan
***************Roble Aden
***************Abane Aden
***************Ali Aden
***************Wais Aden
***************Burale Aden
***************Geedi Aden
***************Boqorre Aden
****************Sugulle Boqore
****************Liban Boqorre
****************Warfa Boqorre
****************Koshin Boqorre 
****************Shiekhdon Boqorre
*************Mucawiye Mohamed
**************Samter Muawiye 
**************Ali Muawiye 
*************Fatah Mohamed
**************Awarre Fatah 
**************Mohamed Fatah
**************Said Fatah 
**************Hassan Fatah 
**************Cisman Fatah
*************Gulled Mohamed
**************Hussein Guled
**************Egal Guled
**************Yusuf Guled
**************Roble Guled
**************Abdi Guled
**************Elmi Guled
**************Samater Guled
************Muuse Dhimbil
*************Abdalleh Muuse 
**************Jibirl Abdalle
***************Siad Jibril 
****************Muse Siad
****************Farah Siad
***************Kalil Jibirl
****************Ali kalil
*****************Siad Ali
*****************Koshin Ali
*****************Arale Ali
*****************Osman Ali
*****************Boqorreh Ali 
***************Saeed Jibril
****************Sade Said
*****************Abdalle Sade
*****************Musa Sade
***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) 
****************Wais Aden
****************Benin Aden
****************Nur Aden
****************Muse Aden
****************Samter Aden
****************Abdalle Aden
****************Jama Aden
****************Eileie Adan
****************Barre Aden
****************Ibrahim Aden
****************khalaf Aden
****************Ali Aden
****************Adan Aden
*****************Ahmed Aden
*****************Eiye Aden
***************Abdi Jibril 
****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
*****************Abdalle Ali
******************Musa Abdalle
*****************Hussein Ali
******************Jama Hussien 
******************Nour Hussein 
******************Farah Hussien
******************Wa'ays Hussein 
******************Hersi Hussien 
*******************Muhumad Hersi
*******************Abdi Hersi
*******************Ali Hersi
*******************Aidid Hersi
*****************Mumin Ali
******************Egal Mumin
******************Said Mumin
******************Wais Mumin
******************Jama Mumin
******************Urmah Mumin
*******************Dhible Urmah
*******************Ismail Urmah
*****************Naleye Ali
******************Jama Naleye
******************Dualeh Naleye
******************Warfa Naleye
******************Abdi Naleye
******************Egal Naleye 
******************Arralleh Egal
*******************Elmi Aralleh
*******************Aw-Jama Arralleh 
****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
*****************Ismail Nour
******************Gabal Ismail
******************Abdi Ismail
******************Barre Ismail
******************Musa Ismail 
******************Wais Ismail
*****************Hersi Nour
******************Hugur Hersi
******************Osman Hersi
******************Bacalul Hersi
******************Ali Hersi
******************Aden Hersi
******************Farah Hersi
******************Warfa Hersi
******************Elmi Hersi
*****************Gabal Nour
******************Samater Gabal
******************Dahir Gabal
******************Ahmed Gabal
******************Warfa Gabal
*****************Mohamed Nour
******************Mohamed Omar 
*******************Hussein Mohamed 
********************Wais Husien 
********************Hujale Husien
********************Dirie Husien
*******************Sharmake Mohamed 
********************Roble Sharmake
********************Nour Sharmake 
********************Jama Sharmake
*********************Hudale Jama
*********************Yasin Jama
*******************Allale Mohamed
********************Egal Allale
*********************Hassan Egal
**********************Omar Hassan
**********************Ahmed Hassan
****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) 
*****************Naleye Benin
*****************Ahmed Benin
*****************Hersi Benin
*****************Warfa Benin
*****************Samter Benin
*****************Abdi Benin
*****************Fatah Benin
*****************Aden Benin
*****************Dirie Benin
*****************Farah Benin
*****************Dahir Benin
*****************Yusuf Benin
*****************Musa Benin
*****************Osman Benin
****************Abdille Abdi
*****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
******************Ismail Gallab
*******************Farah Ismail
*******************Idiris Ismail
*******************Jibirl Ismail
*******************Mohamed Ismail
*******************Ahmed Ismail
*******************Sa'ad Ismail
*******************Aden Ismail
******************Asker Gallab
*******************Dahir Askar
*******************Wais Askar
*******************Osman Asker
*******************Jama Asker
*******************Roble Asker
*******************Egal Asker
*******************Koshin Asker
*****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye)
******************Gulled Eiye
*******************Deria Guled
********************Abokor Deria 
********************Osman Derie
********************Khalaf Derie
*******************Kalil Guled
********************Farah Kalil 
********************Ali Kalil
********************Hassan Kalil
********************Osman Kalil
********************Aden Kalil
******************Sharmake Eiye
*******************Barre Sharmake 
*******************Omar Sharmake
*******************Hager Sharmake 
********************Farah Hager
********************Geedi Hagar
********************Adan Hagar
********************Boqorre Hagar
********************Elmi Hagar
*****************Mohamed Abdille
******************Ahmed Mohamed
*******************Samter Ahmed 
*******************Ziyad Ahmed
*******************Mayle Ahmed
*******************Elmi Ahmed
*******************Warfa Ahmed
*******************Geedi Ahmed
*******************Amanle Ahmed
*******************Food Ahmed
*******************Wais Ahmed
*******************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh)
********************Ismail Dhible
*********************Geedi Ismail
*********************Wais Ismail
*********************Hersi Ismail
*********************Dalal Ismail
********************Barre Dhible
*********************Ali Barre
*********************Musa Barre
*********************Said Barre
*********************Wais Barre
*********************Osman Barre
*********************Aden Barre
*******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali)
********************Cadad Ali
********************Deria Ali
********************Egal Ali
********************Wa'eys Ali
********************Jibril Ali
********************kalil Ali
*********************Magan kalil
*********************Deria Kalil
*********************Abdi kalil 
*********************Aden kalil
*********************Yusuf kalil
*******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) 
********************Derie Gubadleh 
*********************Ismail Derie
*********************Gubtame Derie 
*********************Nour Derie 
*********************Mohamoud Derie 
*********************Omar Derie
*********************Dualeh Derie
*********************Hussein Derie 
*********************Wa'ays Derie
*********************Yusuf Derie 
********************Boqorre Gubdleh 
*********************Hersi Boqorre 
*********************Ali Boqorre 
*********************Abdille Boqorre 
*********************Hirad Boqorre
*********************Asker Boqorre 
*********************Mohamed Boqorre 
*********************Aw Hassan Boqorre
*********************Ismail Boqorre
*********************Shire Boqorre 
*********************Hashi Boqorre
*********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre
*************Mahamoud Muuse 
**************Shirdon Mohamoud
***************Hamud Shirdon
***************Suldan Shirdon
***************Geele Shirdon
***************Osman Shirdon 
***************Mohamed Shirdon 
***************Yusuf Shirdon 
**************Hildiid Mohamoud 
***************Ali Hildiid 
***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
****************Odawa Geedi
*****************Odawa Odawa
*****************Mahamoud Odawa
****************Geele Geedi
****************Nour(Shire) Geedi
****************Haji Dirie Geedi
****************Samter Geedi
****************Ahmed Geedi
****************Ali Geedi
****************Roble Geedi
***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
****************Ali Hersi 
****************Guled Hersi
****************Egal Hersi
****************Aden Hersi
****************Mahamoud Hersi
****************Fahiye Hersi
*****************Roble Fahiye 
******************Elmi Roble
******************Jama Elmi
******************Ali Elmi
*****************Rage Roble 
*****************Elmi Rage
******************Wais Rage
******************Geedi Rage
******************Hersi Rage
************Ahmed Dhimbil
*************Musa Ahmed
*************Waisleh Ahmed
*************Osman Ahmed
*************Liban Ahmed
*************Abdi Liban 
**************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***************Aden Ismail
***************Iman Ismail
***************Bulale Ismail
***************Geedi Ismail
***************Idiris Ismail
***************Yusuf Ismail
***************Koshin Ismail
***************Hersi Ismail
***************Shirwac Ismail
***************Said Ismail
**************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh)
***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarar)
****************Nour Sarar
****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar
****************Farah Sarar
****************Yusuf Sarar
****************Dualeh Sarar
****************Elmi Sarar
***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed
****************Koshin Ahmed
****************Samter Ahmed
****************Uballe Ahmed
****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed
****************Waraf Ahmed
****************Karie Ahmed
****************Mohamed Ahmed
**********Aden Abokor
***********( Aden Mohamed)
************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl)
*************Abdi Awal
**************Had Abdi
**************Nour Abdi
**************Ahmed Abdi
**************Liban Abdi
**************Wa'eys Abdi
**************Omar Abdi
**************Aden Abdi
**************Geedi Abdi
**************Ibrahim Abdi
**************Mohamoud Abdi
*************Hassan Aden
**************Ziyad Hassan
**************Odawa Hasaan
**************Ladon Hassan
***************Aden Ladon
****************Herar Ladon
****************Jama Ladon
****************Ali Ladon
****************Fahiye Ladon
**************Abdalle Hassan
***************Ali Abdalle
***************Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago)
***************Ahmed Abdalle
***************Halas Ahmed
****************Osman Halas
****************Samter Halas
****************Egal Ahmed
*****************Wais Egal
*****************Madar Egal
****************Geedi Ahmed
*****************Samter Geedi
*****************Mohamed Geedi
*****************Dalal Geedi
*****************Fatah Geedi
*****************Waisleh Geedi
*****************Allamagan Geedi
******************Guled Allamagan
******************Egal Allamagan
*****************Hode Geedi
******************Farah Hode
******************Yusuf Hode
******************Geele Geedi
*****************Ahmed Geele
******************Dahir Geele
******************Nour Geele
*****************Ali Geedi
******************Osman Ali
******************Hassan Ali
******************Abdalle Ali
******************Yusuf Ali
******************Aden Ali
{{tree list/end}}

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+ Reeraha iyo Qabiilada Beesha Abokor Muuse
!Magaca 
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Tirada Qabiilada
!Magacyada Qabiilada
!Deegaanka
!Sharaxaad Kooban
|-
| '''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil]]''' ||Afar Reer ||
*Mucawiye Mohamed
*Fatah Mohamed (Rer Fatah)
*Guled Mohamed
*Musa Mohamed
**Cadawe Muuse
**Aden Muuse
||Dalka [[Somaliland]]:
*Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Toon]],[[Salahlay]]. 

Dalka [[Itoobiya]]:
*magaalad,[[Kaamtuug]],[[kaam Abokor]], [[Iskoyska]] ,[[ Awaare]].
||
* Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha.
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|| '''[[Ahmed Dhimbil|beesha Axmed dhimbil]] ||Saddex Reer||
*Musa Ahmed 
*Waisleh Ahmed
*Osman Ahmed
*Liban Ahmed
**Abdi liban
***Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail)
***Mohamed Abdi (Addeh)
****Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarar)
***Ahmed(Bedar) Mohamed 
||Dalka [[Somaliland]]:
*Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]],[[Salahlay]]. 

*Dalka [[Itoobiya]]:
*magaalad [[Bisad]]  ,[[kaam Abokor]], [[Qooryare]],[[Iskoyska]].
||
* Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha.
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|| '''[[Aden Abokor | Beesha Aden Abokor ]] || Labo Reer||
*Cawal Aden (Reer Cawal)
*Hassan Aden
**Ziyad Hassan
**Odawa Hassan
**Ladon Hassan (Rer Ladon)
**Abdalle Hassan
***Abdi Abdalle
***Ali Abdalle
***Ahmed Abdalle
****Halas Ahmed
****Egal Ahmed
****Geedi Ahmed (Rer Geedi)
||Dalka [[Somaliland]]:
*Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]],,[[Salahlay]], [[Aden Abokor]] 

*Dalka [[Itoobiya]]:
*magaalad ,[[kaam Abokor]] ,[[Iskoyska]]
||
* Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha.
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|| ''' [[Mohamoud Muuse | Beesha Mohamoud Muuse]] || Saddex Reer||
*Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon)
*Hildiid Mohamoud 
**Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi)
**Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi)
||Dalka [[Somaliland]]:
*Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Salahlay]], [[ Aden warabe]] 

*Dalka [[Itoobiya]]:
*magaalad [[kaam Abokor]] [[Iskoyska]]
||
* Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha.
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|| ''' [[ Abdalleh Muuse | Beesha Abdalleh Muuse]] || 7 todoba Reer oo balaadhan||

*Siad Jibril
**Wais Siad
**Abdalle Siad
*kalil jibril 
**Ali kalil 
***Siad Ali
***Koshin Ali
***Boqorre Ali
*Saeed jibril
**Sade Said
***Abdalle Sade
***Musa Sade
*Aden Jibril (Rer Aadan)
*Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi)
**Abdalle Ali
***Musa Abdalle
**Hussein Ali
**Mumin Ali
**Naleye Ali
*Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur)
**Ismail Nour
**Gabal Nour
**Hersi Nour
**Mohamed Nour
*Benin Abdi (Rer Benin)
*Abdille Abdi
**Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab)
***Ismail Gallab 
***Asker Gallab
**Eiye Abdille (Rer Ciye)
***Gulled Eiye 
***Sharmake Eiye
**Mohamed Abdille
***Ahmed Mohamed (Rer Ahmed Mohamed)
||Dalka [[Somaliland]]:
*Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Toon]],[[Salahlay]]. 

*Dalka [[Itoobiya]]:
*magaalad [[Daroor]] ,[[kaam Abokor]], [[Iskoyska]] ,[[Adan warabe ]],[[ Bisad]] ,[[Egal Adani]] , [[Iskoyska]] ,[[Dooxada-Galol fadhiidh]], [[Awaare]]
||
* Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha.
*Waa mida labaad ee ugu dhaqaalaha badan Beesha
* waana beesha kowaad ee ugu balaadhan</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bodo (rinjiile)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45316</id>
    <revision>
      <id>297635</id>
      <parentid>291110</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-20T00:08:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>28368</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>297635</origin>
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      <text bytes="1411" sha1="mxnuci53cwl03g8xbc467ycmtv52st7" xml:space="preserve">'''Camille-Pierre Pambu Bodo''' , oo loo yaqaan Bodo (1953 - Maarso 5, 2015), wuxuu ahaa rinjiile iyo wadaad ka socda Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ah ee Congo . Waxa uu ku noolaa Kinshasa . Bodo wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah aasaasayaashii iyo taageerayaashii muhiimka ahaa ee Dugsiga Zaïre ee Rinjiyeynta caanka ah Shaqooyinkiisa, oo ay weheliyaan kuwa fannaaniinta kale, waxay si xooggan u muujinayaan aaminsanaanta awoodda ay u leeyihiin inay abuuraan farshaxan beddeli kara taariikhda. 
==Nolosha hore==
Bodo waxa uu dhashay 1953 waxana uu ku soo barbaaray Mandu . Wuxuu dugsigiisa sare ku dhammeeyey Mandu 1970kii, wuxuuna u guuray Kinshasa isla sannadkaas si uu uga qayb qaato bandhigga caanka ah ee Art Partout. 1980 kii, Bodo waxa uu qaatay diinta kiristaanka waxa uuna noqday wadaad wacdiyiga aduunka ka ahaa kaniisada Pentecostal dhexdeeda waxana uu ku qancay in ay wax ka badali doonto noloshiisa.
==Tixraac==
[https://web.archive.org/web/20141129082210/http://africancontemporary.com/Art%20Bodo.htm &quot;Camille-Pierre BODO Pambu (calaamadaha Art Bodo) 1953&quot;]

[http://www.bonhams.com/auctions/18571/lot/97/ &quot;Bonhams : Camille-Pierre Pambu Bodo (Dem. Republic of the Congo, Born 1953) 'Le Choix' Unframed&quot;]

[https://paddle8.com/work/pierre-camille-bodo-pambu/32571-untitled &quot;Aan ciwaan loo lahayn, 2013&quot;] {{Wayback|url=https://paddle8.com/work/pierre-camille-bodo-pambu/32571-untitled |date=20250422014747 }}</text>
      <sha1>mxnuci53cwl03g8xbc467ycmtv52st7</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sixawle karanle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47432</id>
    <revision>
      <id>297632</id>
      <parentid>297463</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-19T20:53:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cabdi1991</username>
        <id>45021</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sixawle karanle waa qabiil somaliyeed</comment>
      <origin>297632</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="7701" sha1="f3q0e07fq2m5opd7adpnhple20evgli" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Sixawle Karanle &lt;br&gt;سيحولي كرانلي
| native_name = بنو كرانلي
| image = [[File:Calanka karanle.jpg|thumb|center|Calanka Karanle]]
| population = 
| region1 = {{flag|Somalia}}
| region2 = {{flag|Ethiopia}}
| region3 = {{flag|Kenya}}
| languages = 
* {{nowrap|{{flagicon|Somalia}}Af-soomaali}}
*{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Arab League}} Af-carabi}}
| religions = Sunni Islam
| related_groups = [[baad buraale]] [[murursade]] [[hawiye]]
}}

'''Sixawle''' ({{lang-ar|بنو سيحولي}}; {{lang-en|Sixawle}}) waa qabiil ka tirsan beesha '''[[Karanle]]''', oo iyaduna hoos timaada beel-weynta '''[[Hawiye]]''', mid ka mid ah lafaha ugu waaweyn ee bulshada [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Modern History of the Somali: Nation and State in the Horn of Africa |year=2002 |publisher=Ohio University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dulmar ==
Sixawle waxaa lagu tiriyaa qabiilada Karanle, iyadoo xogta ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedkooda badanaa ku saleysan yahay dhaqanka iyo afka (oral tradition.

== Qaab-dhismeedka ==
Sidaan kasoo xigtay dhaqanka beesha, Sixawle waxay u kala baxaan:
* '''[[Baad]]'''
* '''Buraale (Sanbure)'''

Jufada Baad waxaa lagu tilmaamaa mid ballaaran oo leh jilibyo badan, oo ay ka mid yihiin:
* Ciye Baad
* Shurbul Baad

=== [[Ciye Baad ]]===
Waxaa ka mid ah jufooyin sida:
=== [[Wargube]] ===
*Reer Cabdi
*Reer Cade Boore
*Reer Qaadi
*Reer Xasan
*iyo faracyo kale 

=== Reer Roon ===
**Reer Fiqi muuse
***Reer Hiraab Fiqi
***Reer Yaxye Fiqi
**Reer Garaad (Caamir)
**Reer Sharmaake
**Reer Dhuubane
***Reer Xaabow Fiqi
**Reer Aw Nuur
***Reer Xuseen Fiqi
* Reer Maxamuud Fiqi
*Reer Jibriil Fiqi
*Reer Dhore Fiqi
*Reer Xaaji Cabdiraxmaan (Luuje)
*Reer Faatax
*Reer Bulaale


=== [[Shurbul Baad]] ===
* Talays
** Reer Faarax
** Reer Geedi
** Reer Cali
** Reer Cabdile Rooble
* Iidfure
** Reer Cabdi
** Reer Xuseen
** Reer Alaale
** Reer Makaail 

=== Buraale (Sanbure) ===
Waxaa ka mid ah:
* Faarax Samatar
* Xasan Faarax
* Cabdille Faarax
* Xaaji Faarax
* Maxamuud Faarax


=== Asal iyo deegaan ===
Sixawle waxaa asal ahaan degaan dhulka somali galbeed bariga [[Itoobiya]], iyadoo sidoo kale laga helo qaybo ka mid ah koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]] gaar ahaan jubada dhexe.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Iimey.jpg|thumb|Iimeey]]
Deegaannada lagu tilmaamo inay deegaan ku yihiin waxaa ka mid ah:
[[File:Magalada dhandhame 20260421 161316 karanle.jpg|thumb|waa D/dhandhame ee Deegaanka somalida kililka shanaad sawir hore]]

* Imi (Iimey)
* Babille Baabili
* Fafi Faafi
* Dhan Dhame (Dhan-dhame)
* Afder Zone|Afdheer
 Iyo waliba deegaano badan
 beeshu waa beel dhib badan madax adag 
Dagaal badan deegaanada ay degan yihiin dadka ladagan iskaba daaye 
Iyagaa mararka qaar birta iska asla
{{Location map Ethiopia
| width = 300
| float = right
| label = Deegaannada Sixawle
| lat = 5.0
| long = 42.5
| position = right
| caption = Meelaha ugu waaweyn ee ay degaan Sixawle ee Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya
}}

==Dhaqan iyo dhaqaale==
Dhaqanka Beesha Sixawle wuxuu inta badan ku salaysan yahay xoolo-dhaqasho iyo beerasho, iyadoo dhaqaalaha ay umada somali kutiirsan tahay lagu tilmaamo xoolaha nuucyadiisa sida geel, lo’, iyo ari/iwm oo ay kamid yihiin fardaha.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite report |title=Somalia Human Development Report |year=2001 |publisher=UNDP}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Nidaamka dhaqanka==
Sida beelaha kale ee Soomaaliyeed, beesha Sixawle waxay leeyihiin nidaam dhaqameed ku dhisan waxa layiraah:
* Xeer Soomaali oo magta lagu kala qaato geel ama lo'
* wexey leeyihin sidokale Hoggaan dhaqameed sida ugaasyo, garaadyo, iyo nabadoonno
Waxaa kamid Ahaa 
xasan oo maanta Ah juffo layiraah 
* Reer xasan
Kana mid ah  curadka beesha Sixawle ee
[[WARGUBE]]
Sikooban xasan wuxuu Ahaa oday dhaqameed GAR uunan Asiga gooyin ama uu goob joog ka Ahayn  cidna ku heshiin jirin kadib xasan waxaa lawreegay
Aden kadibna
==[[Sheikh Nuur macalin Aden]]==
Kumuu Ahaa jannadii firdowsa Alle hageeyee [[Sheikh Nuur Macalin Aden]](2007 ilaa 2010)
wuxuu ahaa gudoomiyihii hore ee maxakamada D/wardhiigley
Dowladii [[TFG]] ee [[Cabdullaahi Yuusuf]] iyo waliba [[shariif Axmed]]
Garsoore yaashii ugu waqtiga dheeraa kadib
burburkii dowladii dhexe ee [[somaliya]] (sanadii 1994tii kasoo shaqeeyay kana mid Ahaa Garsoore yaashii lagu Aasaasay 
Maxkamadii D/wardhigley ee la oranjiray [[Xararyaale]] [[Warta Nabada]]
(2010 ilaa 2025)Garsoore yaashii maxkamada gobolka [[Banaadir]] (2000/2004)ku magacawnaa maxkamadii D/kaaraan 
(2001dii) Garsoore yaashii maxkamadii racfaanka ee dowladii kumeel gaarka ahayd ee
Madaxweyne [[Cabdiqaasim Salaad]] iyo waliba
(2006dii) xiligii Maxaakiimta ee muqdisho oo uu katirsanaa maxkamadihii racfaanka Ee maxaakiimtii Islamiga 
Shakhsi siweyn ugu soo Adeegay [[Garsoorka Soomaaliya]]
Sheikh nuur macalin Aden wuxuu Ahaa sidokale
Nin dhaqameed codkar Ah qabweyn garta marka uu kujirana dadka deeqsiiya 
Hadalkiisa dhinaca kale 
tolkiisa Ukhidmeya garta uqaada oo garta uu ukala qaado tolkiisa
Eyan dib ugu soo noqon jirin 
Alle ha unaxariisto wuxuu Ahaa sheikh iyo oday dhaqameed
Aad ay ujeclaayeen intii ay isla soo shaqeeyeen 
Iyo somalidii uu garta usoo kala dhigay wuxuu ku dadaali jiray sulux iyo heshiis in lagu dhameeyo xaalka dadkuna ay laqaadan jireen 
== Taariikh ==
=== Xilligii hore ===
Ka hor gumeysiga, bulshada Soomaaliyeed waxay galeen dagaallo ku saabsan dhul, ceelal biyo, iyo xoolo, kuwaas oo badanaa lagu xallin jiray xeer dhaqameed aad u adag suutagalna kadhigi jiray meel lagu hoogay in ay ubadalaan nabad iyo caano.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lewis |first=I. M. |title=A Pastoral Democracy |year=1994}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Xilligii gumeysiga ===
[[Qarnigii 19aad]] iyo 20aad, isbeddelada gumeysiga ayaa saameeyay noloshii reer guuraaga ee Geeska Afrika.waxaa isbadalay dhaqankii guurkii dharkii laga soo bilaabo min herer ilaa raaska ugu dabeeya ee kugu shubeysa bad weynta hindiya ee muqdisho isla markiiba waxaa la arkay umad magaalowday meelkastaa oo ay somali degto waxaa fududaaday isu socodka dadka 
Iyo war maqalkoodu intuba

=== Dagaalkii Ogaadeen Ama somali Abow ===
Dagaalkii u dhexeeyay Soomaaliya iyo Itoobiya (1977–1978) ayaa saameeyay deegaanada gobolka, waxaana ka dhashay barakac iyo khasaare dhaqaale meelaha uu sida weyn uga dhacay dagaalkaasi waxaa kamid ah jinicsani oo ah halka ugu dabeesa ee Afsomali lagaga hadlo sidaas daraadeedna dagaalkaas ku naaneesmay somali Abow markii dambana kaba aasaasantay jabhadii ugu horeysay ee kililka shanad magaceeduna ahaa jabhadii somali Abow.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Tareke |first=Gebru |title=The Ethiopian Revolution: War in the Horn of Africa |year=2009 |publisher=Yale University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dagaalladii sokeeye ===
Kadib burburkii dowladdii dhexe ee Soomaaliya 1991, waxaa dhacay isku dhacyo gudaha ah iyo loolan ku saabsan dhul iyo maamul bulshooyinkii ku abtirsanaayay reerkaanna dhankii koofureed uga baxeen itoobiya iyo kenya.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Besteman |first1=Catherine |last2=Cassanelli |first2=Lee V. |title=The Struggle for Land in Southern Somalia |year=2000 |publisher=Westview Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Xaaladda casriga ah ==
Maanta, bulshadaan waxay ku nool yihiin magaalooyin iyo baadiyo, waxayna ka qayb qaataan ganacsi, waxbarasho, iyo arrimaha bulshada.

== Eeg sidoo kale ==
* [[Karanle]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karanle English]
* [[Hawiye]]
* [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]]
* [[Hawiye]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawiye English]
* [[Dadka Soomaaliyeed]] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalis English]
== Tixraacyo ==
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Hawiye]]
[[Category:Dir]]
[[Category:Daarood]]
[[Category:Rahanweyn]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Korweeshiya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-19T12:40:26Z</timestamp>
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        <username>~2026-30168-98</username>
        <id>45684</id>
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      <comment>Korweeshiya</comment>
      <origin>297613</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11202" sha1="svl9usefci8n4w5hl17tzsqvpbvwam5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Croatia
| common_name = Croatia
| native_name = {{native name|hr|Republika Hrvatska}}&lt;small&gt;{{efn|name=a|In the recognized minority languages and the most spoken [[minority languages of Croatia]]:
:* {{lang-it|Repubblica di Croazia}}

:* {{lang-fr|République de Croatie}}

:* {{lang-de|Republik Kroatien}}

:* {{lang-hu|Horvát Köztársaság}}

:* {{lang-cs|Chorvatská republika}}

:* {{lang-rue|Републіка Хорватія}}

:* {{lang-sr|Република Хрватска}}

:* {{lang-sk|Chorvátska republika}}

:* {{lang-sl|Republika Hrvaška}}

:* {{lang-uk|Респу́бліка Хорва́тія}}
}}&lt;/small&gt;
| image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
| anthem = &quot;[[Lijepa naša domovino]]&quot;&lt;br /&gt;({{Lang-en|&quot;Our Beautiful Homeland&quot;}})&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Lijepa nasa domovino instrumental.ogg|center]]
| image_map = EU-Croatia.svg
| map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[European Union]] |subregion_color=green |legend=}}
| capital = [[Zagreb]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|45|48|N|16|0|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = capital
| official_languages = [[Croatian language|Croatian]]
| languages_type = [[Writing system]]
| languages = [[Latin alphabet|Latin]]
| ethnic_groups = {{Unbulleted list |90.42% [[Croats]] |4.36% [[Serbs of Croatia|Serbs]] |item3_style=padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em|5.22% [[Demographics of Croatia#Ethnic groups|others]]}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2011&lt;ref name=&quot;Census2011-nationality&quot;&gt;{{Croatian Census 2011|E}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |91.06% [[Christianity|Christians]] |4.57% [[Irreligion in Croatia|Irreligious]] |1.47% [[Islam in Croatia|Muslims]] |2.90% [[Religion in Croatia|others]]}}
| religion_year = 2011
| demonym = {{hlist|[[Croats|Croatian]]}}
| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Parliamentary republic|parliamentary]] [[Republic|constitutional republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of Croatia|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Croatia|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Andrej Plenković]]
| leader_title3 = [[Speaker of the Croatian Parliament|Speaker of Parliament]]
| leader_name3 = [[Gordan Jandroković]]
| leader_title4 = [[Constitutional Court of Croatia|Chief Justice]]
| leader_name4 = [[Miroslav Šeparović]]
| legislature = [[Sabor]]
| established_event1 = [[Croats#History|Croatian settlement]]
| established_date1 = 6th century&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=TnXKTxgPmhUC|author=Frank H. Columbus|title=Progress in Multiple Sclerosis Research|year=2005|publisher=[[Nova Publishers]]|location=New York|isbn=1-59454-284-8|page=42|quote=Croats came from the Pannonian lowlands in the 6th century down the Kupa river valley, settling the eastern outskirts of Gorski Kotar.|accessdate=29 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=N_SyuP1cayAC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=Croatia+Company+Laws+and+Regulations+Handbook#v=onepage&amp;q=croats%206th%20century&amp;f=false|title=Croatia Company Laws and Regulations Handbook|year=2008|publisher=International Business Publications, USA|location=Washington, DC|isbn=1-4330-6967-9|page=19|quote=Croats are believed to be a Slavic people who migrated from Ukraine and settled in present-day Croatia during the 6th century.|accessdate=29 March 2018}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=aZitCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA431&amp;dq=DK+Eyewitness+Travel+Guide+Eastern+and+Central+Europe+croats+6th+century#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|title=DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Eastern and Central Europe|year=2015|publisher=DK Eyewitness Travel|location=New York|isbn=978-1-46542-704-5|page=431|quote=Slav tribes, including the Croats, settled in South Eastern Europe from early 6th century onwards.|accessdate=29 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| established_event2 = [[Duchy of Croatia|Duchy]]
| established_date2 = 7th century
| established_event3 = [[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|Kingdom]]
| established_date3 = 925
| established_event4 = [[Croatia in the union with Hungary|Personal union with Hungary]]
| established_date4 = 1102
| established_event5 = Joined [[Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)|Habsburg Monarchy]]
| established_date5 = 1 January 1527
| established_event6 = Secession from&lt;br /&gt;[[Austria-Hungary]]
| established_date6 = 29 October 1918
| established_event7 = [[Creation of Yugoslavia]]
| established_date7 = 4 December 1918
| established_event8 = [[Independence of Croatia|Decision on independence]]
| established_date8 = 25 June 1991
| established_event9 = [[2013 enlargement of the European Union|Joined]] the [[European Union]]
| established_date9 = 1 July 2013
| area_km2 = 56,594
| area_rank = 124th
| area_sq_mi = 21,851
| percent_water = 1.09
| population_estimate = 4,154,200&lt;ref name=countrymeters.info&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-press-releases/-/3-10072017-AP|date=1 January 2017|accessdate=5 October 2017|title=EU population up to almost 512 million at 1 January 2017 – Europa EU| work=[[Eurostat]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 4,284,889&lt;ref name=&quot;Census 2011 counties&quot;&gt;{{Croatian Census 2011|S}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017
| population_census_year = 2011
| population_estimate_rank = 129th
| population_census_rank = 128th
| population_density_km2 = 75.8
| population_density_sq_mi = 196.3
| population_density_rank = 126th
| GDP_PPP = $106.548 billion&lt;ref name=WEO2018&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2016&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;pr1.x=28&amp;pr1.y=2&amp;c=960&amp;s=NGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|accessdate=20 April 2018 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2018 – Croatia|work=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_rank = 84th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $25,807&lt;ref name=WEO2018/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 56th
| GDP_nominal = $61.056 billion&lt;ref name=WEO2018/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal_rank = 81st
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $14,788&lt;ref name=WEO2018/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 57th
| Gini = 29.7
| Gini_year = 2018
| Gini_change = decrease &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=First Results|url=http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/system/first_results.htm|accessdate=21 July 2017|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=5 Bisha Todobaad 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705025245/http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/system/first_results.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank = 17th
| HDI = 0.827
| HDI_year = 2015
| HDI_change = increase &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=2016 Human Development Report |year=2016 |accessdate=25 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 45th
| currency = [[Croatian kuna|Kuna]]
| currency_code = HRK
| time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| date_format = dd.mm.yyyy&amp;nbsp;([[Common Era|CE]])
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Croatia|+385]]
| patron_saint = [[Saint Joseph|St. Joseph]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hrvatski sabor - Povijest&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sabor.hr/sv-josip-zastitnik-hrvatske-domovine|accessdate=10 March 2018|title=Hrvatski sabor – Povijest|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Todobaad 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702093616/http://www.sabor.hr/sv-josip-zastitnik-hrvatske-domovine|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| cctld = {{vunblist| [[.hr]] and [[.eu]]}}
}}
[[W:hr:Hrvatska]]
Kroos-AY-shə; Croatian: Hrvatska [xř̩ʋaːtskaː]), si rasmi ah Jamhuuriyadda Croatia (Croatian: Republika Hrvatska, ku saabsan codkan dhegeysiga (gargaar · info)) [b] waa waddo isgoysyada Bartamaha iyo Koonfur Bari ee Yurub, Badda Adriatic. Magaaladda Zagreb waa mid ka mid ah qaybaha hoose ee dalka, oo ay weheliso labaatan gobol. Croatia waxay leedahay aag 56,594 kilomitir oo isku wareeg ah (21,851 mayl laba jibaaran) iyo dad gaaraya 4.28 milyan, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin Roman Catholics.
[[File:Antunovic_hotel_-_Zagreb_(15322254719).jpg|thumb|right|300px|]]
[[File:WESTGATE_Shopping_City_.jpg|thumb|right|300px|]]
Croats ayaa soo gaadhay aagga qarnigii 6aad, waxaanay dhul-beereedka u abaabuleen laba duchis qarnigii 9aad. Tomislav wuxuu noqday Boqorka ugu horeeyay 925, oo kor u qaaday Croatia si ay u aqoonsato boqortooyadii, taasoo haysatay awooddeeda ku dhowaad laba qarniyadood, iyagoo gaadhay heerkii ugu sarreeyay ee boqorradii Petar Krešimir IV iyo Dmitar Zvonimir. Croatia waxay ku biirtay urur shaqsi ah Hungary sanadkii 1102. 1527-kii, ayaa la kulantay qabsashadii Ottoman, Baarlamaanka Croatia ayaa u doortay Ferdinand I Habsburg inay carshigii Croatia. Bishii Oktoobar 1918, maalmaha ugu dambeeya ee Dagaalkii Dunida I, State of Slovenes, Croats iyo Serbs, oo madaxbannaan ka ahaa Austria-Hungary, ayaa lagu dhawaaqay Zagreb, Bishii Disember 1918 waxaa lagu biiriyey Boqortooyada Serbs, Croats iyo Slovenes. Ka dib dagaalkii Axis ah ee Yugoslavia bishii Abriil 1941, badi dhulka Croatia waxaa lagu daray macaamiisha taageera Nazi oo taageera dhaqdhaqaaqa is-caabinta iyo abuurista Dawladda Federaalka ee Croatia, ka dib markii dagaalku noqdo aasaas xubin ka ahaanshaha federaalka ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Yugoslavia. 25kii Juunyo 1991kii, Croatia waxay ku dhawaaqday xornimadeed, taasoo gebi ahaanba dhaqan gelisay 8dii Oktoobar ee isla sannadkan. Dagaalkii Croatia ee madaxbannaanida ayaa si guul ah ugu dagaalamay afar sano kadib markii lagu dhawaaqay.
[[File:Croatia_Airlines_Logo.svg|thumb|right|300px|]]

==Xubin==
* [[NATO]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]

==Waddanma Degaaan Kuruweshiya==
* {{Flag|Italy}} 3000+
* {{Flag|Albania}} 2000+
* {{Flag|Czech Republic}} 2000+

Croatia waa Jamhuuriyad lagu maamulo nidaamka baarlamaanka iyo waddan la horumariyey oo leh heer aad u sarreeya oo nool. Waa xubin ka mid ah Midowga Yurub (EU), Qaramada Midoobay (UN), Golaha Yurub, NATO, Ururka Ganacsiga Adduunka (WTO), iyo xubin ka mid ah Ururka Midawga Yurub. Ka qaybgalayaasha firfircoon ee ciidamada nabad-ilaalinta ee Qaramada Midoobay, ayaa Croatia ka qaybqaatay howlgalkii NATO ee hoggaamiyihii NATO ee ka socday Afgaanistaan ​​oo uu kursi aan joogto ah ku lahayn Golaha Amaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay muddadii u dhaxaysay 2008-2009. Tan iyo sanadkii 2000, dawladda Croatia waxay si joogto ah ugu maal-galisay kaabayaasha, gaar ahaan waddooyinka gaadiidka iyo tas-hiilaadyada ee ku yaalla hareeraha Pan-Europe.
[[File:Ajdovi_zganci.JPG|thumb|right|300px|zganci]]
[[File:Zageb Croatian National Theater.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Lo Teatre Nacional de Croàcia, a Zagrèb.]]

* [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101999765 The Danube—If Only It Could Talk!]
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20051022/Europes-Delta-of-Striking-Contrasts/  Europe’s Delta of Striking Contrasts]


{{Dalalka Yurub}}</text>
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      <text bytes="11202" sha1="cyagvtsc0m5ptfhzzd5sh8iq63on7n2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Croatia
| common_name = Croatia
| native_name = {{native name|hr|Republika Hrvatska}}&lt;small&gt;{{efn|name=a|In the recognized minority languages and the most spoken [[minority languages of Croatia]]:
:* {{lang-it|Repubblica di Croazia}}

:* {{lang-fr|République de Croatie}}

:* {{lang-de|Republik Kroatien}}

:* {{lang-hu|Horvát Köztársaság}}

:* {{lang-cs|Chorvatská republika}}

:* {{lang-rue|Републіка Хорватія}}

:* {{lang-sr|Република Хрватска}}

:* {{lang-sk|Chorvátska republika}}

:* {{lang-sl|Republika Hrvaška}}

:* {{lang-uk|Респу́бліка Хорва́тія}}
}}&lt;/small&gt;
| image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
| anthem = &quot;[[Lijepa naša domovino]]&quot;&lt;br /&gt;({{Lang-en|&quot;Our Beautiful Homeland&quot;}})&lt;br /&gt;[[File:Lijepa nasa domovino instrumental.ogg|center]]
| image_map = EU-Croatia.svg
| map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[European Union]] |subregion_color=green |legend=}}
| capital = [[Zagreb]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|45|48|N|16|0|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = capital
| official_languages = [[Croatian language|Croatian]]
| languages_type = [[Writing system]]
| languages = [[Latin alphabet|Latin]]
| ethnic_groups = {{Unbulleted list |90.42% [[Croats]] |4.36% [[Serbs of Croatia|Serbs]] |item3_style=padding-top:0.2em;line-height:1.2em|5.22% [[Demographics of Croatia#Ethnic groups|others]]}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2011&lt;ref name=&quot;Census2011-nationality&quot;&gt;{{Croatian Census 2011|E}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |91.06% [[Christianity|Christians]] |4.57% [[Irreligion in Croatia|Irreligious]] |1.47% [[Islam in Croatia|Muslims]] |2.90% [[Religion in Croatia|others]]}}
| religion_year = 2011
| demonym = {{hlist|[[Croats|Croatian]]}}
| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Parliamentary republic|parliamentary]] [[Republic|constitutional republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of Croatia|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Croatia|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Andrej Plenković]]
| leader_title3 = [[Speaker of the Croatian Parliament|Speaker of Parliament]]
| leader_name3 = [[Gordan Jandroković]]
| leader_title4 = [[Constitutional Court of Croatia|Chief Justice]]
| leader_name4 = [[Miroslav Šeparović]]
| legislature = [[Sabor]]
| established_event1 = [[Croats#History|Croatian settlement]]
| established_date1 = 6th century&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=TnXKTxgPmhUC|author=Frank H. Columbus|title=Progress in Multiple Sclerosis Research|year=2005|publisher=[[Nova Publishers]]|location=New York|isbn=1-59454-284-8|page=42|quote=Croats came from the Pannonian lowlands in the 6th century down the Kupa river valley, settling the eastern outskirts of Gorski Kotar.|accessdate=29 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=N_SyuP1cayAC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=Croatia+Company+Laws+and+Regulations+Handbook#v=onepage&amp;q=croats%206th%20century&amp;f=false|title=Croatia Company Laws and Regulations Handbook|year=2008|publisher=International Business Publications, USA|location=Washington, DC|isbn=1-4330-6967-9|page=19|quote=Croats are believed to be a Slavic people who migrated from Ukraine and settled in present-day Croatia during the 6th century.|accessdate=29 March 2018}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=aZitCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA431&amp;dq=DK+Eyewitness+Travel+Guide+Eastern+and+Central+Europe+croats+6th+century#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|title=DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Eastern and Central Europe|year=2015|publisher=DK Eyewitness Travel|location=New York|isbn=978-1-46542-704-5|page=431|quote=Slav tribes, including the Croats, settled in South Eastern Europe from early 6th century onwards.|accessdate=29 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| established_event2 = [[Duchy of Croatia|Duchy]]
| established_date2 = 7th century
| established_event3 = [[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|Kingdom]]
| established_date3 = 925
| established_event4 = [[Croatia in the union with Hungary|Personal union with Hungary]]
| established_date4 = 1102
| established_event5 = Joined [[Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)|Habsburg Monarchy]]
| established_date5 = 1 January 1527
| established_event6 = Secession from&lt;br /&gt;[[Austria-Hungary]]
| established_date6 = 29 October 1918
| established_event7 = [[Creation of Yugoslavia]]
| established_date7 = 4 December 1918
| established_event8 = [[Independence of Croatia|Decision on independence]]
| established_date8 = 25 June 1991
| established_event9 = [[2013 enlargement of the European Union|Joined]] the [[European Union]]
| established_date9 = 1 July 2013
| area_km2 = 56,594
| area_rank = 124th
| area_sq_mi = 21,851
| percent_water = 1.09
| population_estimate = 4,154,200&lt;ref name=countrymeters.info&gt;{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-press-releases/-/3-10072017-AP|date=1 January 2017|accessdate=5 October 2017|title=EU population up to almost 512 million at 1 January 2017 – Europa EU| work=[[Eurostat]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 4,284,889&lt;ref name=&quot;Census 2011 counties&quot;&gt;{{Croatian Census 2011|S}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017
| population_census_year = 2011
| population_estimate_rank = 129th
| population_census_rank = 128th
| population_density_km2 = 75.8
| population_density_sq_mi = 196.3
| population_density_rank = 126th
| GDP_PPP = $106.548 billion&lt;ref name=WEO2018&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2016&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;pr1.x=28&amp;pr1.y=2&amp;c=960&amp;s=NGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|accessdate=20 April 2018 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2018 – Croatia|work=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_rank = 84th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $25,807&lt;ref name=WEO2018/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 56th
| GDP_nominal = $61.056 billion&lt;ref name=WEO2018/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal_rank = 81st
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $14,788&lt;ref name=WEO2018/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 57th
| Gini = 29.7
| Gini_year = 2018
| Gini_change = decrease &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=First Results|url=http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/system/first_results.htm|accessdate=21 July 2017|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=5 Bisha Todobaad 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705025245/http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/system/first_results.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank = 17th
| HDI = 0.827
| HDI_year = 2015
| HDI_change = increase &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=2016 Human Development Report |year=2016 |accessdate=25 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 45th
| currency = [[Croatian kuna|Kuna]]
| currency_code = HRK
| time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| date_format = dd.mm.yyyy&amp;nbsp;([[Common Era|CE]])
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Croatia|+385]]
| patron_saint = [[Saint Joseph|St. Joseph]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hrvatski sabor - Povijest&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sabor.hr/sv-josip-zastitnik-hrvatske-domovine|accessdate=10 March 2018|title=Hrvatski sabor – Povijest|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Todobaad 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702093616/http://www.sabor.hr/sv-josip-zastitnik-hrvatske-domovine|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| cctld = {{vunblist| [[.hr]] and [[.eu]]}}
}}
[[W:hr:Hrvatska]]
Kroos-AY-shə; Croatian: Hrvatska [xř̩ʋaːtskaː]), si rasmi ah Jamhuuriyadda Croatia (Croatian: Republika Hrvatska, ku saabsan codkan dhegeysiga (gargaar · info)) [b] waa waddo isgoysyada Bartamaha iyo Koonfur Bari ee Yurub, Badda Adriatic. Magaaladda Zagreb waa mid ka mid ah qaybaha hoose ee dalka, oo ay weheliso labaatan gobol. Croatia waxay leedahay aag 56,594 kilomitir oo isku wareeg ah (21,851 mayl laba jibaaran) iyo dad gaaraya 4.28 milyan, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin Roman Catholics.
[[File:Antunovic_hotel_-_Zagreb_(15322254719).jpg|thumb|right|300px|]]
[[File:WESTGATE_Shopping_City_.jpg|thumb|right|300px|]]
Croats ayaa soo gaadhay aagga qarnigii 6aad, waxaanay dhul-beereedka u abaabuleen laba duchis qarnigii 9aad. Tomislav wuxuu noqday Boqorka ugu horeeyay 925, oo kor u qaaday Croatia si ay u aqoonsato boqortooyadii, taasoo haysatay awooddeeda ku dhowaad laba qarniyadood, iyagoo gaadhay heerkii ugu sarreeyay ee boqorradii Petar Krešimir IV iyo Dmitar Zvonimir. Croatia waxay ku biirtay urur shaqsi ah Hungary sanadkii 1102. 1527-kii, ayaa la kulantay qabsashadii Ottoman, Baarlamaanka Croatia ayaa u doortay Ferdinand I Habsburg inay carshigii Croatia. Bishii Oktoobar 1918, maalmaha ugu dambeeya ee Dagaalkii Dunida I, State of Slovenes, Croats iyo Serbs, oo madaxbannaan ka ahaa Austria-Hungary, ayaa lagu dhawaaqay Zagreb, Bishii Disember 1918 waxaa lagu biiriyey Boqortooyada Serbs, Croats iyo Slovenes. Ka dib dagaalkii Axis ah ee Yugoslavia bishii Abriil 1941, badi dhulka Croatia waxaa lagu daray macaamiisha taageera Nazi oo taageera dhaqdhaqaaqa is-caabinta iyo abuurista Dawladda Federaalka ee Croatia, ka dib markii dagaalku noqdo aasaas xubin ka ahaanshaha federaalka ee Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Yugoslavia. 25kii Juunyo 1991kii, Croatia waxay ku dhawaaqday xornimadeed, taasoo gebi ahaanba dhaqan gelisay 8dii Oktoobar ee isla sannadkan. Dagaalkii Croatia ee madaxbannaanida ayaa si guul ah ugu dagaalamay afar sano kadib markii lagu dhawaaqay.
[[File:Croatia_Airlines_Logo.svg|thumb|right|300px|]]

==Xubin==
* [[NATO]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[Qaramada Midoobay]]

==Waddanma Degaaan Korweeshiya==
* {{Flag|Italy}} 3000+
* {{Flag|Albania}} 2000+
* {{Flag|Czech Republic}} 2000+

Croatia waa Jamhuuriyad lagu maamulo nidaamka baarlamaanka iyo waddan la horumariyey oo leh heer aad u sarreeya oo nool. Waa xubin ka mid ah Midowga Yurub (EU), Qaramada Midoobay (UN), Golaha Yurub, NATO, Ururka Ganacsiga Adduunka (WTO), iyo xubin ka mid ah Ururka Midawga Yurub. Ka qaybgalayaasha firfircoon ee ciidamada nabad-ilaalinta ee Qaramada Midoobay, ayaa Croatia ka qaybqaatay howlgalkii NATO ee hoggaamiyihii NATO ee ka socday Afgaanistaan ​​oo uu kursi aan joogto ah ku lahayn Golaha Amaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay muddadii u dhaxaysay 2008-2009. Tan iyo sanadkii 2000, dawladda Croatia waxay si joogto ah ugu maal-galisay kaabayaasha, gaar ahaan waddooyinka gaadiidka iyo tas-hiilaadyada ee ku yaalla hareeraha Pan-Europe.
[[File:Ajdovi_zganci.JPG|thumb|right|300px|zganci]]
[[File:Zageb Croatian National Theater.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Lo Teatre Nacional de Croàcia, a Zagrèb.]]

* [https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101999765 The Danube—If Only It Could Talk!]
* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g20051022/Europes-Delta-of-Striking-Contrasts/  Europe’s Delta of Striking Contrasts]


{{Dalalka Yurub}}</text>
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      <text bytes="40523" sha1="tg1ivsfzicg5ei823tamhx5rw3xhd4x" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country|conventional_long_name=Boqarada Isbania{{so|}}|native_name={{native name|es|Reino de España{{efn|name=&quot;nation name&quot;}}}}|common_name=Isbania|name={{collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:84%;
|title = {{resize|1.0 em|4 other names}}{{efn|name=&quot;es lang&quot;|In Spain, [[Languages of Spain|other languages]] are officially recognised as legitimate [[Indigenous language|autochthonous]] [[regional language|(regional) languages]] under the [[Spanish Constitution]]. In each of these, Spain's conventional long name for international affairs in Spanish laws and the most used ({{lang-es|Reino de España|links=no}}, pronounced: {{IPA-es|ˈrejno ð(e) esˈpaɲa|}}) is as follows:
* {{lang-ca|Regne d'Espanya}}, {{IPA-ca|ˈreŋnə ðəsˈpaɲə|IPA}}
* {{lang-eu|Espainiako Erresuma}}, {{IPA-eu|es̺paɲiako eres̺uma|IPA}}
* {{lang-gl|Reino de España}}, {{IPA-gl|ˈrejnʊ ð(ɪ) esˈpaɲɐ|IPA}}
* {{lang-oc|Reiaume d'Espanha}}, {{IPA-oc|reˈjawme ðesˈpaɲɔ|IPA}}}}
|{{Infobox|subbox=yes|bodystyle=font-size:80%;font-weight:normal;
|rowclass1 =mergedrow|label1=[[Catalan language|Catalan]]:|data1={{lang|ca|Regne d'Espanya}}
|rowclass2 = mergedrow|label2=[[Basque language|Basque]]:|data2={{lang|eu|Espainiako Erresuma}}
|rowclass3 = mergedrow|label3=[[Galician language|Galician]]:|data3={{lang|gl|Reino de España}}
|rowclass4 = mergedrow|label4=[[Occitan language|Occitan]]:|data4={{lang|oc|Reiaume d'Espanha}}
}}
}}|image_flag=Bandera de España.svg|image_coat=Escudo de España (mazonado).svg|national_motto={{native phrase|la|[[Plus ultra]]}} &lt;br /&gt; {{small|(English: &quot;Further Beyond&quot;)}}|national_anthem={{native name|es|[[Marcha Real]]|icon=yes}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1997/10/11/pdfs/A29594-29600.pdf|title=Real Decreto 1560/1997, de 10 de octubre, por el que se regula el Himno Nacional|author=Presidency of the Government|work=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado]] núm. 244|date=11 October 1997|language=es|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034615/http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1997/10/11/pdfs/A29594-29600.pdf|archive-date=24 September 2015|author-link=Government of Spain}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{small|(English: &quot;Royal March&quot;)}}&lt;br /&gt; &lt;div style=&quot;display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;&quot;&gt;{{center| }}&lt;/div&gt;|image_map={{Switcher|[[File:EU-Spain (orthographic projection).svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:EU-Spain.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Europe|default=2}}|map_caption={{map caption|location_color=dark green|region=Europe|region_color=dark grey|subregion=the [[European Union]]|subregion_color=green}}|image_map2=|capital=[[Madrid]]|coordinates={{Coord|40|26|N|3|42|W|type:city}}|largest_city=[[Madrid]]|languages_type=Official language|languages=[[Af-Isbaanish]]&lt;!--(aka Castilian)--&gt;{{efn|name=c|The official language of the State is established in the Section 3 of the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978]] to be Castilian.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/IDIOMAS/9/Espana/LeyFundamental/index.htm|title=The Spanish Constitution|publisher=Lamoncloa.gob.es|access-date=26 April 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325101204/http://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/IDIOMAS/9/Espana/LeyFundamental/index.htm|archive-date=25 March 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; In some [[autonomous communities of Spain|autonomous communities]], [[Catalan language|Catalan]], [[Galician language|Galician]], [[Basque language|Basque]] and [[Occitan language|Occitan]] (locally known as [[Aranese language|Aranese]]) are co-official languages. [[Aragonese language|Aragonese]] and [[Asturian language|Asturian]] have some degree of official recognition.}}
{{infobox|child=yes
|label1 = Nationality {{nobold|(2020)}}
|data1 = {{unbulleted list|84.8% [[Spaniards]]|15.2% [[Immigration to Spain|Others]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ine.es&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p08/l0/&amp;file=01006.px#!tabs-tabla|title=Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Población (españoles/extranjeros) por País de Nacimiento, sexo y año|publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|Instituto Nacional de Estadística]]|website=ine.es}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
}}|ethnic_groups=|ethnic_groups_year=|ethnic_groups_ref=|religion={{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|57.6% [[Catholicism]]
|37.7% [[Irreligion in Spain|No religion]]
|2.9% [[Religion in Spain|Others]]
|1.8% Unanswered
 }}|religion_ref=&lt;ref name=&quot;Barómetro de enero 2022&quot;&gt;[[Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas|CIS]].[http://datos.cis.es/pdf/Es3347marMT_A.pdf &quot;Barómetro de Enero de 2022&quot;], 3,777 respondents. The question was &quot;¿Cómo se define Ud. en materia religiosa: católico/a practicante, católico/a no practicante, creyente de otra religión, agnóstico/a, indiferente o no creyente, o ateo/a?&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;|religion_year=2022|demonym={{hlist|[[Spaniards|Spanish]]|Spaniard}}|government_type=[[Unitary state|Unitary]]&amp;nbsp;[[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy]]|leader_title1=[[Boqoraha Ispania|Boqor]]|leader_name1=[[Feeyliibe ee 6aad]]|leader_title2=[[Ra'iisul wasaare Isbania|Ra'iisul wasaare]]|leader_name2=[[Beediro Saanshees]]|legislature=[[Cortes Generales]]|upper_house=[[Senate of Spain|Senate]]|lower_house=[[Congress of Deputies]]|sovereignty_type=[[History of Spain|Formation]]|established_event1=[[Tartessos]]|established_date1=XII BC to V BC|established_event2=[[Carthaginian Iberia|Carthaginian Hispania]]|established_date2=572 BC to 206 BC|established_event3=[[Hispania|Roman Hispania]]|established_date3=218 BC|established_event4=[[Visigothic Kingdom]]|established_date4=418|established_event5=[[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad Dynasty]]|established_date5=711-1031|established_event6=[[House of Trastámara|Trastámara Dynasty]]|established_date6=1369|established_event7=[[Habsburg Spain|Habsburg Dynasty]]|established_date7=14 March 1516|established_event8=[[House of Bourbon|Bourbon Dynasty]]|established_date8=16 January 1716|established_event9=[[Spanish Constitution of 1812|First Constitution]]|established_date9=19 March 1812|established_event10=[[Spanish Constitution of 1931|First Democratic Constitution]]|established_date10=14 April 1931|established_event11=[[Francoist Spain]]|established_date11=1 April 1939|established_event12=[[Constitution of Spain|Current Constitution]]|established_date12=29 December 1978|established_event13=[[Enlargement of the European Union#Mediterranean enlargements|European Union]]|established_date13=1 January 1986|area_km2=505,990&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Anuario estadístico de España 2008. 1ª parte: entorno físico y medio ambiente|url=http://www.ine.es/prodyser/pubweb/anuario08/anu08_01entor.pdf|website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|access-date=14 April 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924144913/http://www.ine.es/prodyser/pubweb/anuario08/anu08_01entor.pdf|archive-date=24 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;|area_rank=51st|area_sq_mi=195,364 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--&gt;|percent_water=0.89 (2015)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Surface water and surface water change|access-date=11 October 2020|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] (OECD)|url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER#}}&lt;/ref&gt;|population_census={{IncreaseNeutral}} 47,450,795&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&amp;cid=1254736177012&amp;menu=ultiDatos&amp;idp=1254734710990|title=INEbase / Demografía y población /Padrón. Población por municipios /Estadística del Padrón continuo. Últimos datos datos|website=ine.es|access-date=11 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cp_2020&quot;/&gt;{{efn|On 1 January 2020, the Spanish population was 47,330 million, an increase of 392,921. In the same period, the number of citizens with Spanish citizenship reached 42,094,606. The number of foreigners (i.e. immigrants, ex-pats and refugees, without including foreign born nationals with Spanish citizenship) permanently living in Spain was estimated to be at 5,235,375 (11.06%) in 2020.&lt;ref name=&quot;cp_2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ine.es/prensa/cp_e2020_p.pdf|title=Population Figures at 01 January 2019. Migrations Statistics. Year 2019.|date=June 2020|publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)|National Statistics Institute]] (INE)|language=es|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628123003/http://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&amp;cid=1254736176951&amp;menu=ultiDatos&amp;idp=1254735572981|archive-date=28 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|population_census_year=2020|population_census_rank=30th|population_density_km2=94|population_density_sq_mi=243 &lt;!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--&gt;|population_density_rank=120th|GDP_PPP={{increase}} {{nowrap|$1.942&amp;nbsp;trillion&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEOES&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2020/October/weo-report?c=512,914,612,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&amp;s=PPPPC,&amp;sy=2020&amp;ey=2020&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1=|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|website=IMF.org|access-date=11 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|GDP_PPP_year=2021|GDP_PPP_rank=15th|GDP_PPP_per_capita=$41,736&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEOES&quot;/&gt;|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank=32nd|GDP_nominal={{increase}} {{nowrap|$1.450&amp;nbsp;trillion&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEOES&quot;/&gt;}}|GDP_nominal_year=2021|GDP_nominal_rank=13th|GDP_nominal_per_capita=$31,178&lt;ref name=&quot;IMFWEOES&quot;/&gt;|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank=26th|Gini=33.0 &lt;!--Number only--&gt;|Gini_year=2019|Gini_change=decrease|Gini_ref=&lt;ref name=eurogini&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;init=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tessi190&amp;plugin=1|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey|publisher=[[Eurostat]]|website=ec.europa.eu|access-date=3 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;|Gini_rank=103rd|HDI=0.904 &lt;!--Number only--&gt;|HDI_year=2019 &lt;!--Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;|HDI_change=increase &lt;!--Increase/decrease/steady--&gt;|HDI_ref=&lt;ref name=&quot;UNHDR&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/latest-human-development-index-ranking|title=Human Development Report 2020|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=10 December 2019|access-date=10 December 2019|format=PDF}}&lt;/ref&gt;|HDI_rank=25th|currency=[[Euro]]{{efn|The [[Spanish peseta|Peseta]] before 2002.}} ([[Euro sign|€]])|currency_code=EUR|time_zone=[[Western European Time|WET]] and [[Central European Time|CET]]|utc_offset=⁠±0 to +1 &lt;!--Note: Zero-width non-breaking space results in the infobox displaying &quot;UTC&quot; without a specified offset.--&gt;|DST_note={{small|Note: most of Spain observes CET/CEST, except the [[Canary Islands]] which observe WET/WEST.}}|time_zone_DST=[[Western European Summer Time|WEST]] and [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]|utc_offset_DST=+1 to +2|date_format=dd/mm/yyyy ([[Common Era|CE]])|drives_on=right|calling_code=[[Telephone numbers in Spain|+34]]|iso3166code=ES|cctld=[[.es]]{{efn|name=e|The [[.eu]] domain is also used, as it is shared with other [[European Union]] member states. Also, the [[.cat]] domain is used in [[Catalonia]], [[.gal]] in [[Galiza|Galicia]] and [[.eus]] in the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque-Country]] autonomous regions.}}|today=}}

'''Isbaaniya''' (spania) ama '''Boqortooyada Isbaaniya''' waa wadan ku yaalo [[Koonfur|Koonfurta]] [[Galbeed]] ee qaarada [[Yurub]]. Wadankaan waxoo xuduud la leeyahay wadamada [[Andorra]], [[Faransiiska]], [[Gibraltar]] iyo [[Bortuqaal]], wadankaan waxoo aad uugu dhawyahay xuduudka [[Maroko]] oo u dhaxeeso [[Badda Dhexe]]. Shacabka degen spania waxee gaarayaan ilaa 46,468,102 oo qof. magaalo madaxda wadanka waa [[Madrid]]. Wadanka Isbania waxoo leeyahay 17 gabol iyo 15 magaalo oo waa weyn oo muhiim u ah. [[:en:es:espania|w:es:espania]]
[[File:Ccaa-spain.png|right|thumb|400x400px]]

== Taariikh ==
Aadanaha casriga ahi markii ugu horraysay waxay yimaadeen jasiiradda Iberian ee ku dhow 35,000 oo sano ka hor. Dhaqamada Iberian oo ay weheliyaan dhaqanno qadiimiga ah ee Fiktooriya, Giriiga iyo Carthagini ayaa lagu horumariyey badhtamihii illaa iyo intii uu xukunka Roomaanka ku jiray ilaa 200 BCE, ka dib markii gobolkani magaciisa lagu magacaabo Hispania, oo ku salaysan magacii hore ee Spian ama Spania. Dhamaadka Boqortooyada Roomaanku waxay qabsadeen qabaa'ilka reer yurubiyaanka ah ee ka yimid Yurubta Dhexe, waxay ku soo duuleen jasiiradda Iberian waxayna aasaaseen dhinacyo badan oo madaxbannaan oo ka jira gobollada galbeedka, oo ay ku jiraan Sueves, Alans iyo Vandals. Ugu dambeyntii, Visigoths ayaa si adag u dhex gali lahaa dhammaan xudduudaha madaxbanaan ee ku yaala jasiiradda, oo ay ku jiraan gobollada Byzantine, oo ah Boqortooyada Toledo, kaas oo midba midka yar ama mid yar midoobaya siyaasad ahaan, si caddaalad ah iyo sharci ahaanba dhammaan goboladii Roomaanka ahaa ama boqortooyooyinkii guusha ka ahaa wixii markii danbe loo aqoonsaday Hispania.

Boqolkii 8aad ee boqornimada Boqortooyada Visigothic waxay ku dhacday Moors, kuwaas oo u yimid inay u xukumaan badmaaxa sanadka 726, iyaga oo ka tegaya mugdi yar oo masiixiyiin ah oo woqooyi ah, ilaa toddoba qarniyo Boqortooyada Granada. Tani waxay tagtay dagaalo badan intii lagu jiray muddada dheer ee dib-u-heshiisiinta ee Jasiiradda Iberian, taas oo horseeday abuurista Boqortooyada Leon, Boqortooyada Castille, Boqortooyada Aragon iyo Boqortooyada Navarre oo ah boqortooyooyinka boqortooyada ee ugu muhiimsan ee soo wajahda duullaanka. Ka dib markii lagu guuleystey Moorish, Yurubiyiintu waxay billaabeen nidaam tartiib tartiib ah oo lagu soo celinayo gobolka Reconquista, [11] kaas oo qarnigii 15aad ku dhammaaday soo ifbaxay Spain oo ah waddan midaysan oo ka hooseysa Boqortooyada Katoolikada. Xilligii casriga ahaa ee loo yaqaan 'Golden Golden Era', wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah taariikhda caalamka ugu horeeya taariikhda caalamka, sababtoo ah isku xirka Isbaanishka ee Ameerika, oo ka tagay dhaqan iyo luuqad kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin in ka badan 500 milyan oo Hispanophones ah, ugu badnaa luuqadda hooyo, ka dib Mandarin Chinese.
[[File:4_Torres_desde_CBA_Bellas_Artes_(Zoom_14)_-_panoramio_(crop).jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|{{Flag|Spain}}]]
[[File:Edificio_España_-_05.jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|{{Flag|Spain}}]]
[[File:Ajo_blanco.jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|{{Flag|Spain}}]]
[[File:Seville_Metro_Train.JPG|right|thumb|350x350px]]
[[File:Monumental_Plaza_de_España_de_Sevilla.jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|{{Flag|Spain}}]]
[[File:Microsoft_logo.svg|alt=Dn’tRmvpl.  Spain|right|350x350px|Dn’tRmvpl. {{Flag|Spain}}]]

== Xubin ==

* [[IMF]]*

* [[Midowga Yurub]] *

* [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * *

* [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * *`

== Waddanmaha la degaan Isbania ==

* {{Flag|Argentina}}:50,000+

* {{Flag|Mexico}}: 100,000+

* {{Flag|France}} 100,000+

* {{Flag|United States}} 50,000+

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Province name
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Capital
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Autonomous community
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Lists of municipalities
|-
|{{Sort|A Coruna|[[File:Escudo de la provincia de A Coruña.svg|x18px|A Coruña]]}} '''[[Province of A Coruña|A Coruña]]''' ''(Galician)''; '''La Coruña''' ''(Spanish)''; '''Corunna''' ''(English, archaic)''
|{{Sort|A Coruna|[[A Coruña]]}} ''([[Galician language|Galician]])''; La Coruña ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''; Corunna ''([[English language|English]], archaic)''
|{{Sort|Galicia|[[File:Flag of Galicia.svg|x18px|Galicia]] [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in A Coruña|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Alava|[[File:Álava.svg|x18px|Álava]] '''[[Álava]]'''}}; '''Araba''' ''([[Basque language|Basque]])''
|{{Sort|Vitoria-Gasteiz|[[Vitoria-Gasteiz]]}}; Gasteiz ''([[Basque language|Basque]])''; Vitoria ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''
|{{Sort|Basque Country|[[File:Flag of the Basque Country.svg|x18px|Basque Country]] [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Álava|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Albacete|[[File:Bandera provincia Albacete.svg|x18px|Albacete]] '''[[Province of Albacete|Albacete]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Albacete|[[Albacete]]}}
|{{Sort|Castilla-La Mancha|[[File:Bandera Castilla-La Mancha.svg|x18px|Castilla-La Mancha]] [[Castilla-La Mancha]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Albacete|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Alicante|[[File:Bandera d'Alacant.svg|x18px|Alicante]] '''[[Province of Alicante|Alicante]]'''}}; '''Alacant''' ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''
|{{Sort|Alicante|[[Alicante]]}}; Alacant ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''
|{{Sort|Valencian Community|[[File:Flag of the Land of Valencia (official).svg|x18px|Valencian Community]] [[Valencian Community]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Alicante|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Almeria|[[File:Flag Almería Province.svg|x18px|Almería]]''' [[Province of Almería|Almería]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Almeria|[[Almería]]}}
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Almería|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Asturias|[[File:Flag of Asturias.svg|x18px|Asturias]] '''[[Asturias]]'''}}; '''Asturies''' ''([[Asturian language|Asturian]])''
|{{Sort|Oviedo|[[Oviedo]]}}; Uviéu ''([[Asturian language|Asturian]])''
|{{Sort|Asturias|[[File:Flag of Asturias.svg|x18px|Asturias]] [[Asturias]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Asturias|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Avila|[[File:Bandera de la provincia de Ávila.svg|x18px|Ávila]] '''[[Province of Ávila|Ávila]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Avila|[[Ávila, Spain|Ávila]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Ávila|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Badajoz|[[File:Flag of Badajoz.svg|x18px|Badajoz]] '''[[Province of Badajoz|Badajoz]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Badajoz|[[Badajoz]]}}
|{{Sort|Extremadura|[[File:Flag of Extremadura with COA.svg|x18px|Extremadura]] [[Extremadura]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Badajoz|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Balearic Islands|[[File:Flag of the Balearic Islands.svg|x18px|Balearic Islands]] '''[[Balearic Islands]]'''}}; '''Illes Balears''' ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''; '''Islas Baleares''' ''(Spanish)''
|{{Sort|Palma|[[Palma, Majorca|Palma]]}}
|{{Sort|Balearic Islands|[[File:Flag of the Balearic Islands.svg|x18px|Balearic Islands]] [[Balearic Islands]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Balearic Islands|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Barcelona|[[File:Flag of Barcelona (province).svg|x18px|Barcelona]] '''[[Province of Barcelona|Barcelona]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Barcelona|[[Barcelona]]}}
|{{Sort|Catalonia|[[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|x18px|Catalonia]] [[Catalonia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Barcelona|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Biscay|[[File:Bizkaikobanderea.svg|x18px|Biscay]] '''[[Biscay]]'''}}; '''Bizkaia''' ''([[Basque language|Basque]])''; '''Vizcaya''' ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''
|{{Sort|Bilbao|[[Bilbao]]}}; Bilbo ''([[Basque language|Basque]])''
|{{Sort|Basque Country|[[File:Flag of the Basque Country.svg|x18px|Basque Country]] [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Biscay|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Burgos|[[File:Burgos (provincia).svg|x18px|Burgos]] '''[[Province of Burgos|Burgos]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Burgos|[[Burgos]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Burgos|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Caceres|[[File:Flag of the province of Cáceres.svg|x18px|Cáceres]] '''[[Province of Cáceres|Cáceres]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Caceres|[[Cáceres, Spain|Cáceres]]}}
|{{Sort|Extremadura|[[File:Flag of Extremadura with COA.svg|x18px|Extremadura]] [[Extremadura]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Cáceres|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Cadiz|[[File:Flag Cádiz Province.svg|x18px|Cádiz]] '''[[Province of Cádiz|Cádiz]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Cadiz|[[Cádiz]]}}
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Cádiz|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Cantabria|[[File:Flag of Cantabria (Official).svg|x18px|Cantabria]] '''[[Cantabria]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Santander|[[Santander, Cantabria|Santander]]}}
|{{Sort|Cantabria|[[File:Flag of Cantabria.svg|x18px|Cantabria]] [[Cantabria]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Cantabria|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Castellon|[[File:Flag of the Valencian Community (2x3).svg|x18px|Valencian Community]] '''[[Province of Castellón|Castellón]]'''}}; '''Castelló''' ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''
|{{Sort|Castellon de la Plana|[[Castellón de la Plana]]}}; Castelló de la Plana ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''
|{{Sort|Valencian Community|[[File:Flag of the Land of Valencia (official).svg|x18px|Valencian Community]] [[Valencian Community]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Castellón|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Ciudad Real|[[File:Flag Ciudad Real Province.svg|x18px|Ciudad Real]] '''[[Province of Ciudad Real|Ciudad Real]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Ciudad Real|[[Ciudad Real]]}}
|{{Sort|Castilla-La Mancha|[[File:Bandera Castilla-La Mancha.svg|x18px|Castilla-La Mancha]] [[Castilla-La Mancha]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Ciudad Real|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Cordoba|[[File:Provincia de Córdoba - Bandera.svg|x18px|Córdoba]] '''[[Province of Córdoba (Spain)|Córdoba]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Cordoba|[[Córdoba, Andalusia|Córdoba]]; Cordova ''(English, archaic)''}}
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Córdoba|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Cuenca|[[File:Flag Cuenca Province.svg|x18px|Cuenca]] '''[[Province of Cuenca (Spain)|Cuenca]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Cuenca|[[Cuenca (Spain)|Cuenca]]}}
|{{Sort|Castilla-La Mancha|[[File:Bandera Castilla-La Mancha.svg|x18px|Castilla-La Mancha]] [[Castilla-La Mancha]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Cuenca|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Gipuzkoa|[[File:Guipúzcoa.svg|x18px|Guipúzcoa]] '''[[Gipuzkoa]]'''}} ''([[Basque language|Basque]])''; '''Guipúzcoa''' ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''
|{{Sort|San Sebastian|[[San Sebastián]]}} ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''; Donostia ''([[Basque language|Basque]])''
|{{Sort|Basque Country|[[File:Flag of the Basque Country.svg|x18px|Basque Country]] [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Gipuzkoa|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Girona|[[File:Flag of Girona province (unofficial).svg|x18px|Girona]] '''[[Province of Girona|Girona]]'''}} ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''; '''Gerona''' ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''
|{{Sort|Girona|[[Girona]]}} ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''; Gerona ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''
|{{Sort|Catalonia|[[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|x18px|Catalonia]] [[Catalonia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Girona|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Granada|[[File:Bandera de la provincia de Granada (España).svg|x18px|Granada]] '''[[Province of Granada|Granada]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Granada|[[Granada]]}}
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Granada|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Guadalajara|[[File:Flag Guadalajara Province.svg|x18px|Guadalajara]] '''[[Province of Guadalajara|Guadalajara]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Guadalajara|[[Guadalajara, Spain|Guadalajara]]}}
|{{Sort|Castilla-La Mancha|[[File:Bandera Castilla-La Mancha.svg|x18px|Castilla-La Mancha]] [[Castilla-La Mancha]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Guadalajara|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Huelva|[[File:Bandera de la Provincia De Huelva.svg|x18px|Huelva]] '''[[Province of Huelva|Huelva]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Huelva|[[Huelva]]}}
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Huelva|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Huesca|[[File:Flag of Huesca (province).svg|x18px|Huesca]] '''[[Province of Huesca|Huesca]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Huesca|[[Huesca]] ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''}}; ''Uesca'' ''([[Aragonese language|Aragonese]])''
|{{Sort|Aragon|[[File:Flag of Aragon.svg|x18px|Aragon]] [[Aragon]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Huesca|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Jaen|[[File:Bandera de la provincia de Jaén.svg|x18px|Jaén]] '''[[Province of Jaén (Spain)|Jaén]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Jaen|[[Jaén, Spain|Jaén]]}}
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Jaén|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|La Rioja|[[File:Flag of La Rioja (with coat of arms).svg|x18px|La Rioja]] '''[[La Rioja (Spain)|La Rioja]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Logrono|[[Logroño]]}}
|{{Sort|La Rioja|[[File:Flag of La Rioja (with coat of arms).svg|x18px|La Rioja]] [[La Rioja (Spain)|La Rioja]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in La Rioja|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Las Palmas|[[File:Provincia de Las Palmas - Bandera.svg|x18px|Las Palmas]] '''[[Province of Las Palmas|Las Palmas]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Las Palmas|[[Las Palmas]]}}
|{{Sort|Canary Islands|[[File:Flag of the Canary Islands.svg|x18px|Canary Islands]] [[Canary Islands]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Las Palmas|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Leon|[[File:Bandera de León.svg|x18px|León]] '''[[Province of León|León]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Leon|[[León, Spain|León]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in León|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Lleida|[[File:Bandera de la provincia de Lérida.svg|x18px|Lleida]]}} '''[[Province of Lleida|Lleida]]''' ''(Catalan)''; '''Lérida''' ''(Spanish)''
|{{Sort|Lleida|[[Lleida]]}} ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''; Lérida ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''
|{{Sort|Catalonia|[[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|x18px|Catalonia]] [[Catalonia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Lleida|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Lugo|[[File:Flag of Lugo province.svg|x18px|Lugo]] '''[[Lugo (province)|Lugo]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Lugo|[[Lugo]]}}
|{{Sort|Galicia|[[File:Flag of Galicia.svg|x18px|Galicia]] [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Lugo|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Madrid|[[File:Flag of the Community of Madrid.svg|x18px|Community of Madrid]] '''[[Province of Madrid|Madrid]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Madrid|[[Madrid]]}}
|{{Sort|Madrid|[[File:Flag of the Community of Madrid.svg|x18px|Community of Madrid]] [[Community of Madrid]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Madrid|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Malaga|[[File:Flag Málaga Province.svg|x18px|Málaga]] '''[[Province of Málaga|Málaga]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Malaga|[[Málaga]]}}
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Málaga|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Murcia|[[File:Flag of the Region of Murcia.svg|x18px|Region of Murcia]] '''[[Region of Murcia|Murcia]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Murcia|[[Murcia]]}}
|{{Sort|Murcia|[[File:Flag of the Region of Murcia.svg|x18px|Region of Murcia]] [[Region of Murcia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Murcia|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Navarre|[[File:Bandera de Navarra.svg|x18px|Navarre]] '''[[Navarre]]'''}}; '''Nafarroa''' ''(Basque)''; '''Navarra''' ''(Spanish)''
|{{Sort|Pamplona|[[Pamplona]]}}; Iruña ''(Basque)''
|{{Sort|Navarre|[[File:Bandera de Navarra.svg|x18px|Navarre]] [[Navarre]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Navarre|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Ourense|[[File:Provincia de Ourense - Bandera.svg|x18px|Ourense]] '''[[Province of Ourense|Ourense]]'''}} ''(Galician)''; '''Orense''' ''(Spanish)''
|{{Sort|Ourense|[[Ourense]]}} ''([[Galician language|Galician]])''; Orense ''([[Spanish language|Spanish]])''
|{{Sort|Galicia|[[File:Flag of Galicia.svg|x18px|Galicia]] [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Ourense|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Palencia|[[File:Bandera de la provincia de Palencia.svg|x18px|Palencia]] '''[[Province of Palencia|Palencia]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Palencia|[[Palencia]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Palencia|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Pontevedra|[[File:Flag of the Province of Pontevedra.PNG|25px|Pontevedra]] '''[[Province of Pontevedra|Pontevedra]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Pontevedra|[[Pontevedra]]}}
|{{Sort|Galicia|[[File:Flag of Galicia.svg|x18px|Galicia]] [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Pontevedra|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Salamanca|[[File:Bandera de la provincia de Salamanca.svg|x18px|Salamanca]] '''[[Province of Salamanca|Salamanca]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Salamanca|[[Salamanca]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Salamanca|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Santa Cruz de Tenerife|[[File:Provincia de Santa Cruz de Tenerife - Bandera.svg|x18px|Santa Cruz de Tenerife]] '''[[Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife|Santa Cruz de Tenerife]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Santa Cruz de Tenerife|[[Santa Cruz de Tenerife]]}}
|{{Sort|Canary Islands|[[File:Flag of the Canary Islands.svg|x18px|Canary Islands]] [[Canary Islands]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Santa Cruz de Tenerife|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Segovia|[[File:Flag Segovia province.svg|x18px|Segovia]] '''[[Province of Segovia|Segovia]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Segovia|[[Segovia]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Segovia|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Seville|[[File:Flag of Diputacion de Sevilla Spain.svg|x18px|Seville]] '''[[Province of Seville|Seville]]'''}}; '''Sevilla''' ''(Spanish)''
|{{Sort|Seville|[[Seville]]}}; Sevilla ''(Spanish)''
|{{Sort|Andalusia|[[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|x18px|Andalusia]] [[Andalusia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Sevilla|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Soria|[[File:Flag Soria province.svg|x18px|Soria]] '''[[Province of Soria|Soria]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Soria|[[Soria]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Soria|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Tarragona|[[File:Diputació copy.jpg|25px|Tarragona]] '''[[Province of Tarragona|Tarragona]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Tarragona|[[Tarragona]]}}
|{{Sort|Catalonia|[[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|x18px|Catalonia]] [[Catalonia]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Tarragona|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Teruel|[[File:Teruel (provincia).svg|x18px|Teruel]] '''[[Province of Teruel|Teruel]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Teruel|[[Teruel]]}}
|{{Sort|Aragon|[[File:Flag of Aragon.svg|x18px|Aragon]] [[Aragon]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Teruel|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Toledo|[[File:Bandera antigua de la provincia de Toledo.svg|x18px|Toledo]] '''[[Province of Toledo|Toledo]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Toledo|[[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]]}}
|{{Sort|Castilla-La Mancha|[[File:Bandera Castilla-La Mancha.svg|x18px|Castilla-La Mancha]] [[Castilla-La Mancha]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Toledo|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Valencian Community|[[File:Flag of the Valencian Community (2x3).svg|x18px|Valencian Community]] '''[[Province of Valencia|Valencia]]'''}}; '''València''' ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''
|{{Sort|Valencia|[[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]]}}; València ''([[Catalan language|Catalan]])''
|{{Sort|Valencian Community|[[File:Flag of the Land of Valencia (official).svg|x18px|Valencia Community]] [[Valencian Community]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Valencia|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Valladolid|[[File:Bandera de la provincia de Valladolid.svg|x18px|Valladolid]] '''[[Province of Valladolid|Valladolid]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Valladolid|[[Valladolid]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Valladolid|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Zamora|[[File:Bandera de Zamora.svg|x18px|Zamora]] '''[[Province of Zamora|Zamora]]'''}}
|{{Sort|Zamora|[[Zamora, Spain|Zamora]]}}
|{{Sort|Castile and Leon|[[File:Bandera de Castilla y León.svg|x18px|Castilla y León]] [[Castile and León]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Zamora|Municipalities]]
|-
|{{Sort|Zaragoza|[[File:Flag of Zaragoza province (with coat of arms).svg|x18px|Zaragoza]] '''[[Province of Zaragoza|Zaragoza]]'''}}; '''Saragossa''' ''(English)''
|{{Sort|Zaragoza|[[Zaragoza]]}}; Saragossa ''(English)''
|{{Sort|Aragon|[[File:Flag of Aragon.svg|x18px|Aragon]] [[Aragon]]}}
|[[List of municipalities in Zaragoza|Municipalities]]
|}
{{Weather box|location=Madrid (667&amp;nbsp;m), [[Buen Retiro Park]] in the city centre (1981–2010)|metric first=Y|single line=Y|Jan record high C=23.1|Feb record high C=25.3|Mar record high C=30.2|Apr record high C=33.5|May record high C=38.6|Jun record high C=43.1|Jul record high C=44.3|Aug record high C=44.7|Sep record high C=42.2|Oct record high C=36|Nov record high C=28.9|Dec record high C=24.2|year record high C=44.7|Jan high C=9.8|Feb high C=12.0|Mar high C=16.3|Apr high C=18.2|May high C=22.2|Jun high C=28.2|Jul high C=32.1|Aug high C=31.3|Sep high C=26.4|Oct high C=19.4|Nov high C=13.5|Dec high C=10.0|year high C=19.9|Jan mean C=6.3|Feb mean C=7.9|Mar mean C=11.2|Apr mean C=12.9|May mean C=16.7|Jun mean C=22.2|Jul mean C=25.6|Aug mean C=25.1|Sep mean C=20.9|Oct mean C=15.1|Nov mean C=9.9|Dec mean C=6.9|year mean C=15.0|Jan low C=2.7|Feb low C=3.7|Mar low C=6.2|Apr low C=7.7|May low C=11.3|Jun low C=16.1|Jul low C=19.0|Aug low C=18.8|Sep low C=15.4|Oct low C=10.7|Nov low C=6.3|Dec low C=3.6|year low C=10.1|Jan record low C=-7.8|Feb record low C=-7.5|Mar record low C=-4.5|Apr record low C=-1.5|May record low C=3.3|Jun record low C=7|Jul record low C=9.8|Aug record low C=8.6|Sep record low C=4.1|Oct record low C=0.3|Nov record low C=-3.8|Dec record low C=-6.5|year record low C=-7.8|Jan precipitation mm=33|Feb precipitation mm=35|Mar precipitation mm=25|Apr precipitation mm=45|May precipitation mm=51|Jun precipitation mm=21|Jul precipitation mm=12|Aug precipitation mm=10|Sep precipitation mm=22|Oct precipitation mm=60|Nov precipitation mm=58|Dec precipitation mm=51|year precipitation mm=421|Jan precipitation days=6|Feb precipitation days=5|Mar precipitation days=4|Apr precipitation days=7|May precipitation days=7|Jun precipitation days=3|Jul precipitation days=2|Aug precipitation days=2|Sep precipitation days=3|Oct precipitation days=7|Nov precipitation days=7|Dec precipitation days=7|year precipitation days=59|unit precipitation days=1&amp;nbsp;mm|Jan sun=149|Feb sun=158|Mar sun=211|Apr sun=230|May sun=268|Jun sun=315|Jul sun=355|Aug sun=332|Sep sun=259|Oct sun=199|Nov sun=144|Dec sun=124|year sun=2744|source 1=[[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]&lt;ref name=AEMet&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=3195&amp;k=mad |title=Valores climatológicos normales. Madrid, Retiro) |accessdate=6 March 2018 |publisher=AEMet |date=2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 |url= http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&amp;k=mad&amp;l=3195&amp;datos=det&amp;x=3195&amp;m=1&amp;m=2&amp;m=3&amp;m=4&amp;v=todos
 |title= Extreme Values (Jan–Apr), Madrid
 |publisher= AEMet
 |accessdate= 12 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 |url= http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&amp;k=mad&amp;l=3195&amp;datos=det&amp;x=3195&amp;m=5&amp;m=6&amp;m=7&amp;m=8&amp;v=todos
 |title= Extreme Values (May–Aug), Madrid
 |publisher= AEMet
 |accessdate= 12 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 |url= http://www.aemet.es/en/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/efemerides_extremos*?w=0&amp;k=mad&amp;l=3195&amp;datos=det&amp;x=3195&amp;m=9&amp;m=10&amp;m=11&amp;m=12&amp;v=todos
 |title= Extreme Values (Sep–Dec), Madrid
 |publisher= AEMet}}&lt;/ref&gt;|date=August 2010}}{{Weather box|location=[[Madrid-Barajas Airport]] (609&amp;nbsp;m), in north east Madrid (1981–2010)|metric first=Y|single line=Y|Jan high C=10.7|Feb high C=13.0|Mar high C=17.0|Apr high C=18.7|May high C=23.1|Jun high C=29.5|Jul high C=33.5|Aug high C=32.8|Sep high C=27.9|Oct high C=21.0|Nov high C=14.8|Dec high C=10.9|year high C=21.1|Jan mean C=5.5|Feb mean C=7.1|Mar mean C=10.2|Apr mean C=12.2|May mean C=16.2|Jun mean C=21.7|Jul mean C=25.2|Aug mean C=24.7|Sep mean C=20.5|Oct mean C=14.8|Nov mean C=9.4|Dec mean C=6.2|year mean C=14.5|Jan low C=0.2|Feb low C=1.2|Mar low C=3.5|Apr low C=5.7|May low C=9.3|Jun low C=13.9|Jul low C=16.8|Aug low C=16.5|Sep low C=13.1|Oct low C=8.7|Nov low C=4.1|Dec low C=1.4|year low C=7.9|Jan precipitation mm=29|Feb precipitation mm=32|Mar precipitation mm=22|Apr precipitation mm=38|May precipitation mm=44|Jun precipitation mm=22|Jul precipitation mm=9|Aug precipitation mm=10|Sep precipitation mm=24|Oct precipitation mm=51|Nov precipitation mm=49|Dec precipitation mm=42|year precipitation mm=371|Jan precipitation days=5|Feb precipitation days=5|Mar precipitation days=4|Apr precipitation days=6|May precipitation days=7|Jun precipitation days=4|Jul precipitation days=2|Aug precipitation days=2|Sep precipitation days=3|Oct precipitation days=7|Nov precipitation days=6|Dec precipitation days=6|year precipitation days=55|unit precipitation days=1&amp;nbsp;mm|Jan sun=144|Feb sun=168|Mar sun=224|Apr sun=226|May sun=258|Jun sun=310|Jul sun=354|Aug sun=329|Sep sun=258|Oct sun=199|Nov sun=151|Dec sun=128|year sun=2749|source 1=[[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]&lt;ref name=AEMet/&gt;|date=November 2011}}{{Weather box|location=[[Cuatro Vientos Airport|Madrid-Cuatro Vientos Airport]], {{convert|8|km|2|abbr=on}} from the city centre &lt;small&gt;(altitude: {{convert|690|m|abbr=off}}, [http://maps.google.es/?q=Est%3AMadrid%2C%20Cuatro%20Vientos%4040.3755555556%2C-3.7861111111&amp;t=p&amp;ll=40.3755555556%2C-3.7861111111&amp;spn=0.182837%2C0.291824&amp;z=11&amp;output=embed satellite view])&lt;/small&gt; (1981–2010)|metric first=Y|single line=Y|collapsed=Y|Jan high C=10.4|Feb high C=12.5|Mar high C=16.5|Apr high C=18.3|May high C=22.6|Jun high C=28.9|Jul high C=32.8|Aug high C=32.2|Sep high C=27.3|Oct high C=20.4|Nov high C=14.3|Dec high C=10.7|year high C=20.6|Jan mean C=6.0|Feb mean C=7.6|Mar mean C=10.8|Apr mean C=12.6|May mean C=16.5|Jun mean C=22.2|Jul mean C=25.6|Aug mean C=25.1|Sep mean C=21.0|Oct mean C=15.2|Nov mean C=9.8|Dec mean C=6.7|year mean C=14.9|Jan low C=1.6|Feb low C=2.7|Mar low C=5.1|Apr low C=6.8|May low C=10.4|Jun low C=15.4|Jul low C=18.3|Aug low C=18.1|Sep low C=14.6|Oct low C=9.9|Nov low C=5.4|Dec low C=2.7|year low C=9.3|Jan precipitation mm=34|Feb precipitation mm=35|Mar precipitation mm=25|Apr precipitation mm=43|May precipitation mm=50|Jun precipitation mm=25|Jul precipitation mm=12|Aug precipitation mm=11|Sep precipitation mm=24|Oct precipitation mm=60|Nov precipitation mm=57|Dec precipitation mm=53|year precipitation mm=428|Jan precipitation days=6|Feb precipitation days=5|Mar precipitation days=4|Apr precipitation days=7|May precipitation days=7|Jun precipitation days=3|Jul precipitation days=2|Aug precipitation days=1|Sep precipitation days=3|Oct precipitation days=7|Nov precipitation days=7|Dec precipitation days=7|year precipitation days=59|unit precipitation days=1&amp;nbsp;mm|Jan sun=158|Feb sun=173|Mar sun=221|Apr sun=238|May sun=280|Jun sun=316|Jul sun=364|Aug sun=335|Sep sun=250|Oct sun=203|Nov sun=161|Dec sun=135|year sun=2840|source 1=[[Agencia Estatal de Meteorología]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010 |title=Guía resumida del clima en España (1981–2010) |publisher=AEMet |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906191642/http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010 |archivedate=6 September 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|date=April 2013}}

== Xogta ==

* [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/awake-no2-2017-april/visit-to-spain/ A Visit to Spain]

&lt;div class=&quot;reflist4&quot; style=&quot;height: 220px; overflow: auto; padding: 3px&quot;&gt;{{Tixraac|3}}&lt;/div&gt;

* [[c:Category:Spain|Commons]]
* [[Francisco de Enzinas]]
* [[Luis de León]]
* [[Michael Servetus]]
* [[Alfonso de Zamora]]
{{Dalalka Yurub}}</text>
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      <text bytes="4250" sha1="6bkqo5r3vwwjis1gfrsyoyeldpeypxu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Isbaaniya
| native_name = {{native name|es|Reino de España}}
| common_name = Isbaaniya
| image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
| image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
| symbol_type = Astaan qaran
| national_anthem = ''[[Marcha Real]]''
| image_map = EU-Spain.svg
| map_caption = Meesha Isbaaniya kaga taal Yurub
| capital = [[Madrid]]
| largest_city = [[Madrid]]
| official_languages = [[Af-Isbaanish]]
| demonym = Isbaanish / reer Isbaaniya
| government_type = [[Boqortooyo dastuuri ah]] oo [[nidaam baarlamaani ah]] leh
| leader_title1 = [[Boqorka Isbaaniya|Boqor]]
| leader_name1 = [[Felipe VI]]
| leader_title2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaaraha Isbaaniya|Ra'iisul wasaare]]
| leader_name2 = [[Pedro Sánchez]]
| legislature = [[Cortes Generales]]
| upper_house = [[Senate of Spain|Senate]]
| lower_house = [[Congress of Deputies]]
| area_km2 = 505,983
| population_estimate = 49,077,984
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| currency = [[Yuuro]]
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = CET / WET
| utc_offset = +1 / +0
| time_zone_DST = CEST / WEST
| utc_offset_DST = +2 / +1
| calling_code = +34
| cctld = [[.es]]
}}

'''Isbaaniya''' ({{lang-es|España}}), si rasmi ah '''Boqortooyada Isbaaniya''' ({{lang-es|Reino de España}}), waa waddan ku yaalla koonfur-galbeed ee [[Yurub]]. Caasimaddiisu waa [[Madrid]], luqaddiisa rasmiga ahna waa [[Af-Isbaanish]].&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Spain – EU country profile |url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/spain_en |publisher=European Union |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Isbaaniya waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Faransiiska]], [[Andorra]], [[Bortuqaal]], [[Gibraltar]] iyo [[Marooko]], iyadoo dhulalka [[Ceuta]] iyo [[Melilla]] ay ku yaallaan waqooyiga Afrika. Dalka waxaa sidoo kale ka mid ah [[Jasiiradaha Kanari]], [[Jasiiradaha Balearic]], iyo dhulal kale oo xeebaha ka baxsan.

== Juqraafi ==
Isbaaniya waxay ku taallaa inta badan [[Jasiirad-gacmeedka Iberiya]]. Waqooyiga waxaa ka xiga [[Faransiiska]] iyo buuraha [[Pyrenees]], galbeedkana [[Bortuqaal]]. Bariga iyo koonfurta waxaa ka xiga [[Badda Mediterranean-ka]], halka waqooyi-galbeed ay ka xigto [[Badweynta Atlantikada]].

== Taariikh kooban ==
Dhulka Isbaaniya wuxuu leeyahay taariikh aad u dheer. Waxaa soo maray dadkii Iberiyaanka ahaa, Roomaankii, Visigoth-kii, iyo Muslimiintii Andalus. Qarnigii 15aad, boqortooyooyinkii Castile iyo Aragon ayaa door weyn ka qaatay samaysanka Isbaaniya casriga ah. Kadib 1492, Isbaaniya waxay noqotay quwad weyn oo badaha iyo gumeysiga caalamka saameyn ku yeelatay.

== Dowladda ==
Isbaaniya waa boqortooyo dastuuri ah oo leh nidaam baarlamaani ah. Boqorka hadda waa [[Felipe VI]], halka Ra'iisul Wasaaraha hadda yahay [[Pedro Sánchez]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The President of the Government of Spain: Pedro Sánchez Pérez-Castejón |url=https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/lang/en/presidente/biografia/paginas/index.aspx |publisher=Government of Spain |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Royal Family |url=https://www.casareal.es/EN |publisher=Casa Real |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dalka wuxuu ka kooban yahay 17 ismaamul-goboleed iyo laba magaalo oo ismaamul leh, kuwaas oo kala ah [[Ceuta]] iyo [[Melilla]].

== Dhaqaale ==
Isbaaniya waxay ka mid tahay dalalka dhaqaalaha waaweyn ku leh Yurub. Waxay xubin ka tahay [[Midowga Yurub]], waxayna isticmaashaa lacagta [[yuuro]]. Dalxiiska, beeraha, warshadaha, adeegyada iyo ganacsiga ayaa ka mid ah qaybaha muhiimka ah ee dhaqaalaha dalka.&lt;ref name=&quot;EU&quot; /&gt;

== Magaalooyin waaweyn ==
Magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Isbaaniya waxaa ka mid ah:

* [[Madrid]]
* [[Barcelona]]
* [[Valencia]]
* [[Seville]]
* [[Zaragoza]]
* [[Málaga]]
* [[Murcia]]
* [[Bilbao]]

== Dhaqan ==
Isbaaniya waxay caan ku tahay dhaqankeeda, luqaddeeda, suugaanteeda, muusiggeeda, kubbadda cagta, cuntadeeda iyo dhismooyinkeeda taariikhiga ah. Af-Isbaanishku waa mid ka mid ah luqadaha ugu badan ee dunida looga hadlo.

== Sidoo kale fiiri ==
* [[Madrid]]
* [[Af-Isbaanish]]
* [[Andalus]]
* [[Midowga Yurub]]
* [[Bortuqaal]]
* [[Faransiiska]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Yurub}}

[[Category:Isbaaniya]]
[[Category:Yurub]]
[[Category:Dalalka Midowga Yurub]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Faatikaan</title>
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      <text bytes="27651" sha1="s2i0iw7cb5z31c0ayetwam506r2go0t" xml:space="preserve">{{Coord|41|54.2|N|12|27.2|E|type:city_region:VA|display=title}}

{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan
| native_name = {{native name|la|Status Civitatis Vaticanae}}&lt;br /&gt;{{native name|it|Stato della Città del Vaticano}}
| common_name = Faatikaan
| image_flag = Flag of Vatican City State.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Vatican City State.svg
| symbol_type = Astaanta qaranka
| national_anthem = ''[[Inno e Marcia Pontificale]]''
| image_map = Location of the Vatican City in Europe.svg
| map_caption = Meesha Faatikaan kaga yaal Yurub
| capital = [[Faatikaan]]
| largest_city = [[Faatikaan]]
| official_languages = [[Af-Taliyaani]]
| languages_type = Luqado kale oo muhiim ah
| languages = [[Laatiin]]
| demonym = reer Faatikaan / Faatikaan
| government_type = [[Dawlad-magaalo]] madaxbannaan; [[boqortooyo doorasho ah]] oo kaniisadeed
| leader_title1 = [[Baadariga|Baadari]] iyo madax-bannaan
| leader_name1 = [[Pope Leo XIV]]
| leader_title2 = [[Cardinal Secretary of State|Xoghayaha Dawladda]]
| leader_name2 = [[Pietro Parolin]]
| leader_title3 = Madaxweynaha Guddiga Baadariga iyo Governorate-ka
| leader_name3 = [[Raffaella Petrini]]
| legislature = [[Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State|Guddiga Baadariga ee Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan]]
| sovereignty_type = Madaxbannaani ka timid [[Boqortooyada Talyaaniga]]
| established_event1 = [[Lateran Treaty|Heshiiskii Lateran]]
| established_date1 = 11 Febraayo 1929
| established_event2 = Dhaqan-gelinta heshiiska
| established_date2 = 7 Juun 1929
| area_km2 = 0.44
| population_estimate = 882
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| currency = [[Yuuro]]
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| drives_on = midig
| calling_code = +39 06 698
| iso3166code = VA
| cctld = [[.va]]
| religion = [[Kaatoolig]]
}}

'''Faatikaan''' ({{lang-it|Vaticano}}), si rasmi ah '''Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan''' ({{lang-la|Status Civitatis Vaticanae}}; {{lang-it|Stato della Città del Vaticano}}), waa dawlad-magaalo madaxbannaan oo ku dhex taalla magaalada [[Roma]] ee dalka [[Talyaaniga]]. Waa dalka ugu yar dunida marka la eego dhulka iyo tirada dadka. Faatikaan waa xarunta maamulka ee [[Kaniisadda Kaatooliga]], halkaas oo uu deggan yahay [[Baadariga]], hoggaamiyaha ruuxiga ah ee Kaniisadda Kaatooliga iyo madaxa Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;origins&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Origins and Characteristics |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/state-and-government/general-informations/origins-and-characteristic.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Faatikaan waxaa la aasaasay 1929 kadib [[Lateran Treaty|Heshiiskii Lateran]], oo dhex maray [[Holy See|Kursiga Quduuska ah]] iyo [[Talyaaniga]]. Heshiiskaas wuxuu soo afjaray murankii muddada dheer ka dhexeeyay dowladda Talyaaniga iyo Baadariga kadib markii Talyaanigu qabsaday Roma 1870. Dawladda Faatikaan waxaa loo sameeyay si ay u dammaanad qaaddo madaxbannaanida muuqata ee Kursiga Quduuska ah iyo Baadariga.&lt;ref name=&quot;origins&quot; /&gt;

Faatikaan waa meel muhiim u ah diinta, taariikhda, farshaxanka iyo diblomaasiyadda. Waxaa ku yaalla [[Basilica of Saint Peter|Basilikada Saint Peter]], [[St. Peter's Square|Fagaaraha Saint Peter]], [[Vatican Museums|Matxafyada Faatikaan]], [[Sistine Chapel|Kaniisadda Sistine]], Qasriga Baadariga iyo Jardiinooyinka Faatikaan. UNESCO waxay Faatikaan ku dartay Liiska Dhaxalka Adduunka 1984, iyadoo ku tilmaantay meel ka mid ah xarumaha ugu barakaysan ee Masiixiyadda, isla markaana leh uruurin gaar ah oo farshaxan iyo naqshad-dhismeed ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Vatican City |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/286/ |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Magaca ==
Magaca Soomaaliga ee ugu habboon waa '''Faatikaan'''. Qaabkaas wuxuu ka tarjumayaa sida Soomaalidu u beddesho codka ''v'' ee ajnebiga ah oo badanaa noqda ''f'', wuxuuna adeegsadaa shaqal dheer oo Soomaali ah: '''aa'''. Sidaas darteed, '''Faatikaan''' ayaa ka muuqaal iyo dhawaaq wanaagsan '''Fatikaan'''.

Magaca Laatiinka ah waa ''Status Civitatis Vaticanae'', halka magaca Talyaanigu yahay ''Stato della Città del Vaticano''. Labaduba waxay ka dhigan yihiin “Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan”. Magaca ''Vaticano'' wuxuu la xiriiraa buurta Vatican ama ''Mons Vaticanus'', oo ahayd aag ku yaallay galbeedka webiga [[Tiber]] ee Roma qadiimiga ah.

Waxaa muhiim ah in la kala saaro '''Faatikaan''' iyo '''Kursiga Quduuska ah''':

* '''Faatikaan''' waa dawlad-magaalo leh dhul, dad, ciidan amni, lacag, adeegyo iyo maamul u gaar ah.
* '''Kursiga Quduuska ah''' waa hay'adda ruuxiga iyo diblomaasiga ah ee Kaniisadda Kaatooliga, oo uu hoggaamiyo Baadarigu.

Kursiga Quduuska ah ayaa ka da' weyn Faatikaan, wuxuuna leeyahay xiriir diblomaasiyadeed oo caalami ah. Faatikaan waxaa loo sameeyay si uu u noqdo saldhig dhuleed oo dammaanad qaada madaxbannaanida Kursiga Quduuska ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;origins&quot; /&gt;

== Juqraafi ==
Faatikaan wuxuu ku yaallaa gudaha magaalada Roma, gaar ahaan galbeedka webiga [[Tiber]]. Dhulkiisu wuxuu ku fadhiyaa buur yar oo loo yaqaan Vatican Hill, oo ahayd aag ku yaallay bannaanka Roma qadiimiga ah. Dowladda Faatikaan waxay sheegtaa in dhulka dawladdu yahay 0.44 km², ama 44 hektar.&lt;ref name=&quot;geography&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Geography |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/state-and-government/general-informations/geography.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Faatikaan waxaa qayb ahaan ku wareegsan derbiyo. Dhulka dowladda waxaa ka mid ah Basilikada Saint Peter, Fagaaraha Saint Peter, Qasriga Baadariga, Matxafyada Faatikaan, Jardiinooyinka Faatikaan iyo dhismayaal maamul. Fagaaraha Saint Peter, inkastoo uu ka tirsan yahay dhulka Faatikaan, si xor ah ayaa dadweynuhu u geli karaan, waxaana xaaladaha qaarkood kormeer amni ka sameeya booliska Talyaaniga.&lt;ref name=&quot;geography&quot; /&gt;

Faatikaan ma laha xeeb, webi, garoon diyaaradeed weyn ama deked. Maadaama dhulkiisu aad u yar yahay, hay'ado badan oo Kursiga Quduuska ah leeyihiin waxay ku yaallaan dhismayaal ku yaalla gudaha Roma laakiin leh xuquuq gaar ah oo ka timid Heshiiskii Lateran.

== Dhismayaasha iyo xuduudaha ==
Faatikaan wuxuu leeyahay dhowr irridood oo laga galo, waxaana ilaalintiisa ka qayb qaata [[Swiss Guard|Ciidanka Ilaalada Swiss-ka]] iyo [[Gendarmerie Corps of Vatican City State|Gendarmerie-ga Faatikaan]]. Dadka booqanaya Matxafyada Faatikaan waxay badanaa ka galaan dhinaca Viale Vaticano.&lt;ref name=&quot;geography&quot; /&gt;

Dhulka Faatikaan waxaa ku jira dhismooyin taariikhi ah oo aad isugu dhow. Sababtaas awgeed, Faatikaan ma aha waddan leh magaalooyin kala duwan, balse waa dawlad-magaalo hal xarun ah. Caasimadda iyo magaalada keliya waa Faatikaan lafteeda.

== Dhulalka xuquuqda gaarka ah leh ==
Inkasta oo dhulka Faatikaan uu aad u yar yahay, Kursiga Quduuska ah wuxuu leeyahay dhismayaal ku yaalla Roma iyo meelo kale oo Talyaaniga ah kuwaas oo leh xuquuq gaar ah oo la mid ah ilaalinta diblomaasiyadeed. Dhismayaashaas waxaa ka mid ah xarumo maamul, basilikooyin waaweyn iyo [[Pontifical Villas of Castel Gandolfo|Villa-yada Baadariga ee Castel Gandolfo]].

Bogga juqraafiyadda Faatikaan wuxuu xusayaa in dhismayaal badan oo hay'adaha Kursiga Quduuska ah ku yaalla Roma lagu ilaaliyo xuquuq caalami ah oo ka dhalatay Heshiiskii Lateran.&lt;ref name=&quot;geography&quot; /&gt; Xaaladdan waxaa badanaa lagu tilmaamaa ''extraterritoriality'', inkastoo dhismayaashu aysan ka mid ahayn dhulka tooska ah ee Faatikaan.

== Taariikh ==
=== Vatican Hill iyo Rooma qadiimiga ah ===
Aagga maanta loo yaqaan Faatikaan wuxuu ku yaallay bannaanka magaalada Roma qadiimiga ah, dhanka galbeed ee webiga Tiber. Xilligii Roomaanka, halkaas waxaa ku yaallay beerro, guryo raaxo iyo dhismayaal madadaalo. Boqor Caligula wuxuu halkaas ka dhisay circus, waxaana markii dambe Nero la xiriiriyay dilka Masiixiyiin badan oo hore.&lt;ref name=&quot;geography&quot; /&gt;

Dhaqan Masiixi ah oo qadiimi ah ayaa aaggaas la xiriiriya shahiidnimada iyo qabriga Saint Peter, oo ka mid ahaa rasuulladii Ciise. Meesha la aaminsan yahay inuu ku yaal qabriga Saint Peter ayaa noqotay xarun xaj iyo xusuus diimeed oo muhiim ah.

=== Basilikadii Constantine ===
Qarnigii 4aad, Boqor Constantine wuxuu dhisay basiliko weyn oo ku taalla meel u dhow qabriga Saint Peter. Dhismahaas hore wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah kaniisadaha ugu muhiimsan dunida Masiixiga. Qarnigii 16aad iyo 17aad waxaa lagu beddelay Basilikada Saint Peter ee maanta jirta, taas oo loo dhisay qaab Renaissance iyo Baroque ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;geography&quot; /&gt;

Basilikada cusub waxaa ka shaqeeyay naqshadeeyayaal iyo farshaxanno waaweyn sida Bramante, Michelangelo, Maderno iyo Bernini. Fagaaraha Saint Peter, oo leh colonnade caan ah oo Bernini naqshadeeyay, wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah goobaha ugu caansan dunida.

=== Dawladihii Baadariga ===
Ka hor 1870, Baadarigu wuxuu xukumi jiray dhul ballaaran oo loo yaqaan [[Papal States|Dawladihii Baadariga]], kuwaas oo ku yaallay bartamaha Talyaaniga. Dhulalkaas waxay Baadariga siinayeen awood siyaasadeed iyo dhuleed oo ka baxsan hoggaanka ruuxiga ah.

Markii Talyaaniga la mideeyay qarnigii 19aad, Dawladihii Baadariga si tartiib ah ayaa loo qabsaday. 1870, ciidanka Talyaanigu wuxuu galay Roma, waxaana dhammaaday xukunkii dhuleed ee Baadariga ee ballaarnaa. Baadarigu wuxuu isu arkay “maxbuus ku jira Vatican-ka”, waxaana bilaabmay muran loo yaqaan ''Roman Question''.

=== Heshiiskii Lateran ===
Muran siyaasadeedkii u dhexeeyay Talyaaniga iyo Kursiga Quduuska ah waxaa lagu xalliyay Heshiiskii Lateran ee 11 Febraayo 1929. Heshiiskaas waxaa kala saxiixday Talyaaniga iyo Kursiga Quduuska ah, waxaana la ratifiyay 7 Juun 1929. Sidaas ayaa lagu abuuray Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan.&lt;ref name=&quot;origins&quot; /&gt;

Heshiisku wuxuu aqoonsaday madaxbannaanida Faatikaan, wuxuuna xaqiijiyay in Baadarigu yeesho dhul yar oo madax-bannaan si uu si xor ah ugu guto hawshiisa caalamiga ah iyo tan ruuxiga ah. Faatikaan wuxuu sidaas ku noqday dawlad-magaalo yar oo leh ujeeddo gaar ah: ilaalinta madaxbannaanida Kursiga Quduuska ah.

=== Faatikaan casriga ah ===
Tan iyo 1929, Faatikaan wuxuu noqday xarun diimeed, maamul iyo diblomaasiyadeed. Inkastoo dhulkiisu aad u yar yahay, saameyntiisa caalamiga ah waxay ka timaaddaa kaalinta Baadariga iyo Kursiga Quduuska ah ee Kaniisadda Kaatooliga, oo leh malaayiin badan oo raacsan dunida oo dhan.

Faatikaan wuxuu martigeliyaa xaflado diimeed, shirar, booqashooyin madaxda dunida ah, hawlo diblomaasiyadeed, cilmi-baaris, matxafyo iyo adeegyo la xiriira Kaniisadda Kaatooliga.

== Dowladda iyo siyaasadda ==
Faatikaan waa dawlad-magaalo leh nidaam gaar ah. Baadarigu waa madax-bannaanida sare ee Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan. Dastuurka aasaasiga ah ee Faatikaan wuxuu siinayaa Baadariga awoodda ugu sarraysa ee sharci-dejin, fulin iyo garsoor.&lt;ref name=&quot;fundamental&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=One year after the entry into force of the new Fundamental Law of the Vatican City State |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/news/550-one-year-after-the-entry-into-force-of-the-new-fundamental-law-of-the-vatican-city-state.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dawladda Faatikaan ma aha dimuqraadiyad doorasho ku dhisan sida dalalka kale. Waa boqortooyo doorasho ah oo kaniisadeed, sababtoo ah Baadariga waxaa doorta College of Cardinals marka xilka Baadarigu bannaanaado. Marka la doorto, Baadarigu wuxuu noqdaa hoggaamiyaha ruuxiga ah ee Kaniisadda Kaatooliga iyo madax-bannaanida Dawladda Faatikaan.

== Baadariga ==
Baadariga hadda waa [[Pope Leo XIV]], oo magaciisa dhalashada ahaa Robert Francis Prevost. Vatican-ka rasmiga ah wuxuu sheegayaa in Cardinal Prevost loo doortay Supreme Pontiff 8 May 2025, wuxuuna qaatay magaca Leo XIV. Waa Baadarigii 267aad ee Kaniisadda Kaatooliga, waana Baadarigii ugu horreeyay ee ka yimid Maraykanka iyo kii ugu horreeyay ee ka tirsan Order of Saint Augustine.&lt;ref name=&quot;LeoXIV&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Biography of the Holy Father Leo XIV |url=https://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiv/en/biography/documents/biografia_leone-xiv.html |publisher=The Holy See |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Baadarigu wuxuu leeyahay doorar dhowr ah:

* waa hoggaamiyaha Kaniisadda Kaatooliga
* waa Bishop-ka Roma
* waa madax-bannaanida Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan
* waa hoggaamiyaha Kursiga Quduuska ah
* waa astaan mideysa Kaatooligga dunida

== Guddiga Baadariga iyo Governorate-ka ==
Shaqada maalinlaha ah ee Faatikaan waxaa maamula hay'ado dowladeed oo ka hoos shaqeeya Baadariga. Guddiga Baadariga ee Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan wuxuu qabtaa hawl sharci-dejin, halka Governorate-ku fuliyo hawlaha maamulka, adeegyada, amniga, deegaanka, matxafyada, boostada, kaabayaasha iyo hawlo kale.&lt;ref name=&quot;govbodies&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Government bodies |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/state-and-government/structure-of-the-government/government-bodies.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dastuurka aasaasiga ah ee 2023 wuxuu sheegayaa in Guddiga Baadarigu fuliyo shaqada sharci-dejinta, marka laga reebo arrimaha Baadarigu naftiisa u reebto. Madaxweynaha Guddiga Baadariga sidoo kale waa Madaxweynaha Governorate-ka, wuxuuna fulinayaa maamulka dowladda.&lt;ref name=&quot;legexec&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Legislative and Executive function |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/state-and-government/government-bodies/legislative-and-executive-function.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Madaxweynaha hadda ee Guddiga Baadariga iyo Governorate-ka waa Sister [[Raffaella Petrini]], oo Pope Francis magacaabay 15 Febraayo 2025, xilkeeduna dhaqan galay 1 Maarso 2025.&lt;ref name=&quot;Petrini&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Pope Francis appoints Sr. Raffaella Petrini as President of the Commission for Vatican City State and President of the Governorate |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/news/1496-pope-francis-appoints-sr-raffaella-petrini-as-president-of-the-commission-for-vatican-city-state-and-president-of-the-governorate.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dastuurka iyo sharciga ==
Faatikaan wuxuu leeyahay Dastuur Aasaasi ah, oo loo yaqaan ''Fundamental Law of Vatican City State''. Pope Francis wuxuu soo saaray Dastuur Aasaasi ah oo cusub 13 May 2023, kaas oo dhaqan galay 7 Juun 2023. Wuxuu beddelay kii Pope John Paul II ee 2000, kaas oo isaguna beddelay sharcigii 1929.&lt;ref name=&quot;fundamental&quot; /&gt;

Dastuurka 2023 wuxuu xoojiyay qaab-dhismeedka maamulka Faatikaan, wuxuuna qeexay in kaliya Baadariga loo adeegsado erayga “awood”, halka hay'adaha kale ay fulinayaan “hawlo” sharci-dejin, fulin ama garsoor oo ka yimaadda Baadariga.&lt;ref name=&quot;fundamental&quot; /&gt;

Sharciga Faatikaan wuxuu si gaar ah ugu xiran yahay canon law-ga Kaniisadda Kaatooliga, laakiin wuxuu sidoo kale leeyahay xeerar madani ah, ciqaabeed, maamul, dhaqaale iyo adeegyo dowladeed oo u gaar ah.

== Amniga ==
Amniga Faatikaan waxaa ka shaqeeya laba hay'adood oo muhiim ah:

* [[Pontifical Swiss Guard|Ciidanka Ilaalada Swiss-ka]], oo ilaaliya Baadariga iyo goobaha muhiimka ah
* [[Gendarmerie Corps of Vatican City State|Gendarmerie-ga Faatikaan]], oo ah booliska iyo hay'adda amniga gudaha ee dowladda

Bogga juqraafiyadda Faatikaan wuxuu xusayaa in shanta irridood ee laga galo dowladda ay ilaaliyaan Swiss Guard iyo Gendarmerie Corps.&lt;ref name=&quot;geography&quot; /&gt; Intaa waxaa dheer, marka ay jiraan xaflado waaweyn oo dadweyne, gaar ahaan Fagaaraha Saint Peter, waxaa jira iskaashi amni oo dhex mara Faatikaan iyo Talyaaniga.

== Xiriirka dibadda ==
Xiriirka dibadda ee Kaniisadda Kaatooliga waxaa badanaa qabta Kursiga Quduuska ah, ee ma aha Faatikaan oo keliya. Kursiga Quduuska ah wuxuu leeyahay safaarado iyo xiriir diblomaasiyadeed oo caalami ah. Safiirrada Baadariga waxaa loo yaqaan ''apostolic nuncios''.

Faatikaan laftiisu wuxuu sidoo kale geli karaa heshiisyo ku saabsan arrimo farsamo iyo maamul, sida lacagta, boostada, adeegyada, kaabayaasha iyo arrimo la xiriira dhulka dowladda. Dastuurka 2023 wuxuu qeexayaa in matalaadda dowladda ee xiriirrada caalamiga ah guud ahaan u xiran tahay Baadariga, oo adeegsada Xoghaynta Dawladda.&lt;ref name=&quot;fundamental&quot; /&gt;

== Dadka ==
Faatikaan wuxuu leeyahay dad aad u yar. Bogga rasmiga ah ee Faatikaan wuxuu sheegayaa in 31 Diseembar 2024 dadka deggan dowladda, muwaadiniin iyo aan muwaadiniinba, ay ahaayeen 882 qof.&lt;ref name=&quot;population&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Population |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/state-and-government/general-informations/population.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Muwaadinnimada Faatikaan ma aha mid caadi ah sida muwaadinnimada dalalka kale. Badanaa waxay ku xiran tahay shaqo ama xil laga hayo Faatikaan ama Kursiga Quduuska ah. Dadka qaar waxay ku nool yihiin gudaha darbiyada Faatikaan, qaar kalena waa muwaadiniin Faatikaan ah oo dibadda ku maqan sababo shaqo, gaar ahaan diblomaasiyiinta Kursiga Quduuska ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;population&quot; /&gt;

Bulshada Faatikaan waxaa ka mid ah Baadariga, Cardinals, wadaaddo, xubno diimeed, Swiss Guard, shaqaale rayid ah iyo dad kale oo la xiriira maamulka dowladda ama Kaniisadda.

== Luqadaha ==
Luqadda maamulka ee Dawladda Magaalada Faatikaan waa [[Af-Taliyaani]]. Talyaanigu waa luqadda shaqada maalinlaha ah, maamulka, adeegyada iyo xiriirka magaalada Roma.

[[Laatiin]] waxay leedahay muhiimad gaar ah oo diimeed, sharci iyo taariikhi ah, gaar ahaan Kursiga Quduuska ah iyo qoraallada rasmiga ah ee Kaniisadda. Waxaa sidoo kale Faatikaan laga isticmaalaa luqado badan oo kale, maadaama Kaniisadda Kaatooliga ay tahay hay'ad caalami ah. Waxaa ka mid ah Ingiriisi, Faransiis, Isbaanish, Jarmal, Boortaqiis, Boolish iyo luqado kale.

== Diinta ==
Diinta rasmiga ah iyo sababta jiritaanka Faatikaan waa [[Kaniisadda Kaatooliga]]. Faatikaan waa xarunta maamulka sare ee Kaniisadda, waxaana halkaas ka shaqeeya hay'ado badan oo la xiriira Kaniisadda caalamka.

Goobaha ugu muhiimsan ee diimeed waxaa ka mid ah Basilikada Saint Peter, Fagaaraha Saint Peter, Kaniisadda Sistine iyo kaniisado kale oo ku yaalla gudaha dowladda. Malaayiin xujey iyo dalxiisayaal ah ayaa sannad kasta booqda Faatikaan.

== Dhaqaale ==
Dhaqaalaha Faatikaan wuu ka duwan yahay dhaqaalaha dalalka caadiga ah. Ma laha beeraha, warshado culus, suuq ganacsi oo caadi ah ama nidaam canshuur dadweyne oo ballaaran. Dhaqaalaha dowladda wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay adeegyada, matxafyada, boostada, stamps, coins, dukaamada, daabacaadda, dalxiiska iyo taageerada la xiriirta Kaniisadda.

Faatikaan wuxuu isticmaalaa [[yuuro]] iyadoo la raacayo heshiis lacageed oo lala leeyahay Midowga Yurub. Dowladda Faatikaan waxay soo saartaa lacagaha qadaadiicda ah ee euro-da oo leh naqshado Faatikaan ah, kuwaas oo aad u xiiseeyaan ururiyayaasha lacagaha.

== Adeegyada dowladda ==
Inkasta oo Faatikaan aad u yar yahay, wuxuu leeyahay adeegyo dowladeed oo u gaar ah. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

* boostada Faatikaan
* adeegga stamps iyo lacagaha qadaadiicda ah
* booliska iyo amniga
* dab-damiska
* adeegyada caafimaadka iyo nadaafadda
* dayactirka dhismayaasha
* adeegyada korontada iyo biyaha
* maareynta matxafyada iyo dhaxalka farshaxanka
* nidaamka isgaarsiinta iyo internetka

Dastuurka 2023 wuxuu xusayaa in Governorate-ku leeyahay hawlo gaar ah oo ay ka mid yihiin amniga, caafimaadka, deegaanka, dhaqaalaha, boostada, customs, kaabayaasha, shabakadaha iyo ilaalinta Matxafyada Faatikaan iyo dhaxalka farshaxanka.&lt;ref name=&quot;legexec&quot; /&gt;

== Matxafyada Faatikaan ==
[[Vatican Museums|Matxafyada Faatikaan]] waa mid ka mid ah uruurinta farshaxan ee ugu muhiimsan dunida. Waxaa ku jira farshaxan qadiimi ah, farshaxan Masiixi ah, farshaxan Renaissance ah, qadaadiic, qoraallo, maps, tapestries, sculptures iyo uruurin kale oo badan.

Matxafyada waxaa ka mid ah [[Sistine Chapel|Kaniisadda Sistine]], oo caan ku ah sawirrada Michelangelo, gaar ahaan saqafka iyo ''The Last Judgment''. Waxaa kaloo muhiim ah Raphael Rooms, Gallery of Maps, Pio-Clementino Museum iyo qaybo kale oo badan.

Bogga rasmiga ah ee Matxafyada Faatikaan wuxuu ku tilmaamaa farshaxanka inuu yahay hab wacdineed iyo hab lagu gudbiyo quruxda, diinta iyo taariikhda Kaniisadda.&lt;ref name=&quot;museums&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Vatican Museums |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/other-bodies/vatican-museums.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Basilikada Saint Peter ==
Basilikada Saint Peter waa mid ka mid ah kaniisadaha ugu waaweyn uguna caansan dunida. Waxay ku taallaa meesha la aaminsan yahay inuu ku yaal qabriga Saint Peter. Dhismaha maanta jira waxaa la bilaabay qarnigii 16aad, waxaana la dhameeyay qarnigii 17aad.

Basilikada waxaa ku jira farshaxanno caan ah sida ''Pietà'' ee Michelangelo, qabriga Saint Peter, baldachin-ka Bernini, iyo qabriga Baadarro badan. Waxay sidoo kale tahay goob lagu qabto xaflado waaweyn oo Baadari hoggaamiyo.

== Fagaaraha Saint Peter ==
Fagaaraha Saint Peter waa fagaare weyn oo ku yaal hortiisa Basilikada Saint Peter. Waxaa naqshadeeyay Gian Lorenzo Bernini qarnigii 17aad. Colonnade-ka Bernini wuxuu sameeyaa qaab wareegsan oo astaan u noqday gacmo furan oo Kaniisadda ah.

Fagaaraha waxaa lagu qabtaa xaflado waaweyn, salaadaha Baadariga, barakooyinka ''Urbi et Orbi'', iyo munaasabado ay ka soo qayb galaan kumannaan ama malaayiin qof.

== Jardiinooyinka Faatikaan ==
[[Vatican Gardens|Jardiinooyinka Faatikaan]] waxay daboolaan qayb weyn oo ka mid ah dhulka dowladda. Bogga rasmiga ah ee Faatikaan wuxuu sheegayaa in jardiinooyinku ahaayeen meel nasasho iyo fikir u ah Baadarro tan iyo 1279, markii Pope Nicholas III uu deggenaanshaha Baadariga ka raray Lateran una wareejiyay Vatican.&lt;ref name=&quot;gardens&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Vatican Gardens |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/other-bodies/vatican-gardens.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Jardiinooyinka waxaa ku yaal dhir, ilo, taallooyin, dhismayaal yaryar, aagag nasasho iyo xarumo adeeg. Waxay yihiin meel si weyn loo ilaaliyo, booqashadooduna badanaa waxay u baahan tahay dalxiis hagitaan leh.

== Vatican Observatory ==
[[Vatican Observatory|Specola Vaticana]], ama Observatory-ga Faatikaan, waa hay'ad cilmiyeed oo la xiriirta Kursiga Quduuska ah kuna hoos jirta Governorate-ka. Bogga rasmiga ah wuxuu sheegayaa in asalkiisu dib ugu laabanayo qarnigii 16aad, markii Pope Gregory XIII uu ku lug lahaa dib-u-habaynta jadwalka taariikhda ee Gregorian Calendar.&lt;ref name=&quot;observatory&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Vatican Observatory |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/other-bodies/astronomical-observatory.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Pope Leo XIII wuxuu 1891 si rasmi ah u aasaasay Observatory-ga cusub ee Vatican Hill, si loo muujiyo in Kaniisaddu aysan ka soo horjeedin horumarka sayniska.&lt;ref name=&quot;observatory&quot; /&gt; Maanta Vatican Observatory wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa cilmi-baaris xiddigis iyo wada shaqayn caalami ah.

== Castel Gandolfo ==
[[Castel Gandolfo]] waa meel ku taal meel ka baxsan Roma, oo muddo dheer xiriir la lahayd Baadarro. Villa-yada Baadariga ee halkaas ku yaalla waxay leeyihiin xuquuq gaar ah oo la xiriirta Kursiga Quduuska ah. Bogga rasmiga ah ee Faatikaan wuxuu sheegayaa in Villa-yada Castel Gandolfo ay ku yaallaan meel taariikhi ah oo hore u ahayd hoygii Emperor Domitian, ''Albanum Domitiani''.&lt;ref name=&quot;castel&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Castel Gandolfo |url=https://www.vaticanstate.va/en/other-bodies/castel-gandolfo.html |publisher=Governorate of Vatican City State |access-date=19 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Castel Gandolfo waxaa loo isticmaali jiray xagaaga iyo nasashada Baadariga, inkastoo doorkeeda uu is beddelay waqtiyadii dambe, qaybna loo furay booqdayaasha.

== Dhaxalka UNESCO ==
Faatikaan waxaa lagu daray Liiska Dhaxalka Adduunka ee UNESCO 1984. UNESCO waxay tilmaantay in Faatikaan uu yahay mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu barakaysan Masiixiyadda, isla markaana uu leeyahay uruurin gaar ah oo farshaxan iyo naqshad-dhismeed ah. Waxaa si gaar ah loo xusay Basilikada Saint Peter, fagaaraha Bernini, qasriyada, jardiinooyinka, Sistine Chapel iyo uruurinta farshaxanka Renaissance iyo Baroque.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO&quot; /&gt;

UNESCO waxay sidoo kale xustay in Faatikaan uu si toos ah ugu xiran yahay taariikhda Masiixiyadda, qabriga Saint Peter, iyo doorka joogtada ah ee Baadarro Roman ah.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO&quot; /&gt;

== Dhaqan iyo farshaxan ==
Dhaqanka Faatikaan wuxuu si weyn ugu xiran yahay Kaniisadda Kaatooliga, farshaxanka Masiixiga, muusigga kaniisadda, liturgy-ga, Laatiinka, xafladaha Baadariga iyo taariikhda Roma. Farshaxanka Faatikaan wuxuu matalaa qarniyo badan oo xiriir ah oo u dhexeeya diinta, awoodda, quruxda iyo siyaasadda.

Farshaxanno iyo naqshadeeyayaal sida Michelangelo, Raphael, Bernini, Bramante, Maderno iyo qaar kale ayaa sameeyay shaqooyin weli ka mid ah kuwa ugu saameynta badan dunida. Faatikaan wuxuu sidaas ku noqday xarun farshaxan oo dunida oo dhan laga barto.

== Muusigga iyo heesta qaranka ==
Heesta qaranka Faatikaan waa ''Inno e Marcia Pontificale'', ama Heesta iyo Socodka Baadariga. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa xafladaha dowladda iyo munaasabadaha rasmiga ah ee Faatikaan.

Muusigga kaniisadda, gaar ahaan Gregorian chant iyo muusigga liturgical-ka, wuxuu qayb weyn ka yahay dhaqanka Faatikaan. Choir-ka Sistine Chapel wuxuu ka mid yahay kooxaha muusigga kaniisadeed ee ugu caansan.

== Dalxiiska iyo xajka ==
Faatikaan waa mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu booqashada badan dunida. Dadka yimaada waxay u kala yimaadaan labo sababood oo waaweyn: xaj diimeed iyo dalxiis dhaqameed. Xujeydu waxay yimaadaan si ay uga qayb galaan salaadaha Baadariga, arkaan Basilikada Saint Peter, ama u dabaaldegaan munaasabado diimeed. Dalxiisayaashu waxay u yimaadaan farshaxanka, matxafyada, Sistine Chapel, naqshad-dhismeedka iyo taariikhda.

Maalmaha Easter-ka, Christmas-ka, canonization-ka quduusiinta, conclave-yada iyo xafladaha waaweyn ee Kaatooligga, Fagaaraha Saint Peter wuxuu noqdaa meel aad u cammiran.

== Warbaahinta ==
Faatikaan iyo Kursiga Quduuska ah waxay leeyihiin warbaahin u gaar ah, sida Vatican News, Vatican Radio, L'Osservatore Romano iyo mareegaha rasmiga ah ee Vatican.va. Warbaahintaas waxay ku shaqeeyaan luqado badan, maadaama Kaniisadda Kaatooliga ay tahay hay'ad caalami ah.

== Boostada, stamps iyo lacagaha qadaadiicda ==
Faatikaan wuxuu leeyahay adeeg boosto u gaar ah, stamps iyo lacagaha qadaadiicda ah ee euro-da. Stamps-ka iyo coins-ka Faatikaan waxay caan ku yihiin ururiyayaasha, waxaana badanaa lagu sawiraa Baadariga, quduusiin, munaasabado diimeed, farshaxan iyo xusuus taariikhi ah.

== Xubin ka ahaansho iyo xiriirro caalami ah ==
Faatikaan iyo Kursiga Quduuska ah waxay ka qayb qaataan hay'ado iyo heshiisyo caalami ah oo badan. Kursiga Quduuska ah wuxuu leeyahay maqaam kormeere joogto ah oo Qaramada Midoobay ah, wuxuuna xiriir diblomaasiyadeed la leeyahay dalal badan. Faatikaan laftiisu wuxuu ka qayb qaataa arrimo farsamo sida boostada, isgaarsiinta, ilaalinta dhaqanka iyo heshiisyada lacagta.

== Sidoo kale fiiri ==
* [[Kursiga Quduuska ah]]
* [[Baadariga]]
* [[Pope Leo XIV]]
* [[Kaniisadda Kaatooliga]]
* [[Roma]]
* [[Talyaaniga]]
* [[Lateran Treaty]]
* [[Basilica of Saint Peter]]
* [[St. Peter's Square]]
* [[Sistine Chapel]]
* [[Vatican Museums]]
* [[Swiss Guard]]
* [[Vatican Observatory]]
* [[Castel Gandolfo]]

== Tixraac ==
{{reflist}}

{{Dalalka Yurub}}

[[Category:Faatikaan]]
[[Category:Yurub]]
[[Category:Dawlad-magaalo]]
[[Category:Masiixiyad]]
[[Category:Kaniisadda Kaatooliga]]
[[Category:Dalalka Mediterranean-ka]]</text>
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      <comment>Bog cusub: {{Fnote}}--~~~~</comment>
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      <text bytes="142" sha1="95tupbd50wf3drnlje7o6oieznwcsr9" xml:space="preserve">{{Fnote}}--[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-30144-79|&amp;#126;2026-30144-79]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-30144-79|talk]]) 17:39, 19 May 2026 (UTC)</text>
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