Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.6 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 4210 298484 225946 2026-06-12T14:40:12Z Salim muse 44685 Sawir ayaan ku daray 298484 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of Somali Territories.png|thumb]] Macnaha Soomaaliweyn, waxa weeyi, shan qaran oo wadaga magaca iyo qomiyada somali sadex ka mid ahina ay madaxbananyihiin labana ay haysan dowladaha kenya iyo Ethiopia, Somaliweyn wa shantan [[Djibouti]],[[somaliland]],[[somalia]],[[NFD]],[[somaliregion]] [[category:Taariikh]] 1ov7cpxam5bd2iaz9z3re33b4xdto8e 0 4827 298497 298399 2026-06-13T04:04:31Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dalalka |native_name = Jaamcada(Wddmd)Carabta<Br/>'':.جامعة الدول العربية'' |conventional_long_name = Arabic Language States’</>.: |common_name = Arabic Language States:. Midowga Ummadda Carabta: |qaaradda = [[Afrika]],[[Aasiya]] &[[]] |sawir_calan = Flag of the League of Arab States.svg |sawir_qaran = Emblem of the Arab League.svg |image_map = |astaan_calan = Arab League States'" (orthographic projection).svg |image_map = League of Arab States.png File:Map of League of Arab States countries.png |caasimadda = [[Qaahiro]]: [[Baqdaad]]: &[[Dooxa]]:.:!!`?'!!’ |luuqadaha = [[Carabi|Af-Carabi]].:([[Af-Kurdish]]).:[[Af-Ingiriis]]; &[[Turki]]; & [[Af-Urdu]]; & [[Af-Faarisi]].::• |- |caasimada = [[Qaahiro]]:; [[Madiina]]: [[Baqdaad]]: & [[Dooxa]].:•!! |- |GDP_PPP= $35.177’ Trillions’ (€29,357’ trillions) * ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|4th]]) |GDP_PPP_year = (2025* Est.) |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $29,947.00’ |GDP_nominal = "$23.957"-$19.453’ Trillions’ |GDP_nominal_year = 2025 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $24,459.00.!!’ |Gini_year = |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Dawladda = [[Dalalka jaamcada carabta]] |- |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweynaha]]:([[Sacuudi Carabiya]]):[[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = |- |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[Xoghayaha Guud]]:[[Masar]]: [[Imaaraadka Carabta]]: |magac_hogaamiye2 = DR.(MR.).: Ahmed Aboul Gheit _* |MR. Syd. Gamal Abdel Nasser_* |MR. Syd. M. Husny MUBARAK _* |- |darajo_hogaamiye3 = [[Gudoomiye]]: [[Ciraaq]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye3 = (fm)MR. SADDAM HUSSAIN*.(A.M.A.)Al-Tikriti._* MR.Zine El Abidine “Ben ALI3”._* |- |darajo_hogaamiye4 = [[Guddoomiye Kuxigeen]]: [[Aljeeriya]]:-) [[Marooko]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye4 = MR.Prof. Abdelaziz B.TEFLIKHA_* MR.Syd. AlI3 A. SALEH (Al’A’Fmly.!)_* |- |sovereignty_type = '''Ka xoroobey''': |sovereignty_note = |[[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]]''': '''[[Dawlada Cosmaniya]]''' & '''[[Faransiiska]]''': .:`~` |- |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |area = 13,953,041`* |areami² = 5,382,910`* |biyo = |population_estimate =455-425*Million<sup>3</sup> |population_estimate_year = 2022-2025* |lacagta = |Magaca internetka = &nbsp; |wakhti = [[(UTC+0 to +4)]] |furaha_debedda = |furaha internetka = Ir,Is,& tr.!!'? |furaha telefonka = + }} <ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/arab-countries.html</Ref>.: '''Jaamacada Carabta''' ama '''Dowladda Jaamacadda Carabta''' waa urur kulmiya wadamada carabta.Waa urur kulmiya wadamo kuyaala [[Afrika]] iyo [[Aasiya]] xubnaha kujira waxaa looyaqaana dawldo caraba.waa dawlado wadaaga arimo dhaqaale iyo arimo siyaasadeed. waxaana ka dhexeeya xidhiidho aad iyo aad ubadan Wadamada xubnaha ka ah Jaamacadda Carabta waxay daboolayaan in ka badan 13,000,000 km2 (5,000,000 sq m) iyo waliba laba qaaradood oo kala duwan: Afrika iyo Aasiya. Goobtaasi waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegalka duurka, sida Sahara. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale ku jira dhulal badan oo aad u sarreeya sida Dooxada Nile, Dooxada Jubba iyo Dooxada Shebelle ee [[Geeska Afrika]], Buuraleyda Atlas ee Maghreb, iyo Bariiska Fertile ee sii fidiya Mesopotamia iyo Levant. Aagga ayaa ka kooban kaymo qoto dheer oo ku yaal koonfurta Carabta iyo qaybo ka mid ah webiga ugu dheer dunida, Niilka. Qowmiyad-kala-duwan, diini ah, iyo luuqado badan. Diin-badan, Luuqado badan, & Qowmiyado kala duwan.Luuqadaha badan, Qowmiyadaha kala duwan, & Diimaha badan; oo macneheedu yahay Dhaqamada kala duwan ee wayn. Jaartarka Jaamacadda Carabta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Heshiiska Jaamacadda Carabta, ayaa ah heshiiskii aasaasay ee Jaamacadda Carabta. 1945-kii la aqbalay, waxa uu dhigayaa in "Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu uu ka kooban yahay Dawladaha Carbeed ee madaxbannaan oo saxiixay Heshiiskan.". Markii hore, 1945, waxaa jiray lix xubnood oo keliya. Maanta, Jaamacadda Carabta waxay leedahay 22 xubnood, oo ay ka mid yihiin saddex dal oo Afrikaan ah oo ka kala yimi qaybaha ugu waaweyn (Sudan, Algeria iyo Liibiya) iyo waddanka ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe (Sacuudi Carabiya). Shan waddan waxay leeyihiin xaalad kormeeree oo xaq u siinaya inay muujiyaan ra'yigooda oo ay bixiyaan talo laakiin waxay diidaan xuquuqda codbixinta. [[Jaamacadda Carab]] tu waxay u qaybsantaa shan qaybood marka ay timaado gaadiidka, jasiiradda Carabta iyo Bariga dhow ayaa si buuxda ugu xiran hawada, badda, waddooyinka iyo tareenada. Qeyb kale oo ka mid ah League waa dooxada Niil, oo ka kooban Masar iyo Suudaan. Labadan dawladood waxay bilaabeen inay hagaajiyaan nidaamka Nile Nile ee habka safarka si loo wanaajiyo helitaanka iyo sida ganacsi loo korsado. Nidaamka tareenada cusub ayaa sidoo kale lagu wadaa inuu ku xiro magaalada koonfurta Masar ee Abu Simbel iyo waqooyiga Suudaan ee Wadi Halfa iyo ka dibna Khartoum iyo Port Sudan. Qaybta saddexaad ee horyaalka waa Maghreb, halkaas oo 3,000 km oo gawaarida gawaarida ah ay ka socdaan magaalooyinka koonfurta ee Morocco ilaa Tripoli oo ku yaala galbeedka Libya. Qaybta afaraad ee horyaalka waa Geeska Afrika, oo wadamada xubnaha ka ah ay ka mid yihiin Jabuuti iyo Soomaaliya. Labadan dawladood ee Carabta ayaa kala qaybiyay kaliya toban mayl u jirta jasiiradda Carabta ee Bab el Mandeb, taasina si dhakhso ah ayay isu bedeshaa, sida Tarik bin Laden, oo ah walaalkii Osama bin Laden, oo bilaabay dhisidda mashruuc ballaadhan ee mashruuca Horn Horns , kaas oo ugu dambeyntii ujeedkiisu yahay inuu ku xiro Geeska Afrika oo leh Jasiiradda Carabta adoo adeegsanaya buundo weyn. Mashruucan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu fududeeyo oo la dedejiyo ganacsiga iyo ganacsiga qarniyadii hore ee u dhexeeyay labada gobol. Qaybta ugu dambeysa ee horyaalka waa jasiiradda go'doomin ee Comoros, taas oo aan ku xirnayn dawlad kale oo Carbeed ah, laakiin wali waxay la shaqaysaa xubnaha kale ee Arabic Languages. Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay hodan ku tahay khayraadka, sida saliid weyn iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dalalka xubnaha ka ah. Warshad kale oo si joogta ah u sii kordhaysa ee Jaamacadda Carabtu waa isgaarsiin. Muddo ka yar 10 sano, shirkadaha maxaliga ah sida Orascom iyo Etisalat waxay ku guuleysteen inay tartan caalami ah sameeyaan. Horumarka dhaqaale ee ay bilowday Ururka Iskaashatada Wadamada xubnaha ka ah ayaa ka qosol badan kuwii ka soo baxay ururada yar yar ee Carabta sida Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC). Waxaa ka mid ah Pipeline Arab Pipeline, kaas oo gaas Masar iyo Ciraaq geyn doona [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], Lubnaan, iyo Palestine; Laga soo bilaabo 2013.:• isbeddel muuqda oo ka dhexeeya xaaladaha dhaqaale ayaa ka dhexeeya dalalka saliida ee saliida ee [[Algeria]], [[Qatar]], [[Kuwait]] iyo [[United Arab Emirates]], iyo dalalka soo koraya sida [[Comoros]], [[Jabuuti]], [[Mauritania]], [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Eratareya]] dda.!! Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu waa urur siyaasadeed oo isku daya in uu gacan ka geysto sidii loo xoojin lahaa xubnaheeda dhaqaale ahaan, iyo xallinta khilaafaadka ku lug leh dalalka xubnaha ka ah adoon weydiisan kaalmo shisheeye. Waxay leedahay lahjado xubin baarlamaan ah oo wakiil ka ah arrimaha arrimaha dibedda sida badan waxaa lagu maareyn doonaa kormeerka QM.!!'? Jaangooyada Jaamacadda Carabta [5] waxay taageertay mabda'a dhulkii Carabta iyada oo la ixtiraamayo xushmadnimada dawladaha xubnaha ka ah. Xeerarka gudaha ee Golaha Jaamacadda [20] iyo guddiyada [21] waxay ku heshiiyeen Oktoobar 1951. Xoghaynta Guud waxaa lagu heshiiyay May 1953. Tan iyo markaas, maamulka Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay ku saleysnaayeen labadii hay'adood ee heer qaran iyo madax-bannaanida wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Ilaalinta dawladnimada shakhsi ahaaneed waxay ka heshay awoodeeda ka soo jeeda dabiiciga dabiiciga ah ee awooda xukunka ah si ay u ilaaliyaan awooddooda iyo madax-bannaanida go'aaminta. Intaa waxaa dheer, cabsida hodanka ah ee saboolka ah ee saboolka ah inuu la wadaagi karo hantidiisa magaca Ummadda Carabta, khilaafyada ka dhexeeya madaxda Carabta, iyo saamaynta awoodaha dibadda ee laga yaabo inay ka soo horjeedaan midnimada Carabta ayaa loo arki karaa caqabado dhinaca isdhexgalka qoto dheer ee horyaal . [[File:Camel factory Nablus December 2008.JPG|thumb|right|395px|Nablu, Palestine]] [[File:Raouda.JPG|thumb|right|View from the western side of the Hujra, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Burial of Muhammad.jpg|thumb|right|Wall of the Burial of the Prophet Muhammed (PBHM),[[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:World Heritage Sites in the Arab World]] value: call: reading: source presentation: previous versions: Partially protected: Incomplete-document-purple.svg This entry must be completed : this entry lacks essential content. You may find details on the conversation page . You are invited to complete the missing parts and remove this message. Consider creating titles for chapters that require completion, and transfer the template to them. editing Disambiguate RTL.svg The term "Arab" redirects here. For the entry dealing with the island in the Persian Gulf, see Arab (island) . Arab Muslims Arabs & Muslims Al-Khansaa, Al-Khandi, Yohanan of Damascus, Philip the Arab, May Ziada, Asmahan, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Faisal the First Al-Khansaa , Al-Khandi , Yohanan of Damascus , Philip the Arab , May Ziada , Asmahan , Gamal Abdel Nasser , Faisal the First population 425 million Main population concentrations Arab countries some of the African countries see also: [[Israeli Arabs]] Languages: Arabic: religion: Islam: Christianity: Druze religion: related ethnic groups: Celestial peoples: [[Maltese]] , [[Jews]] , [[Samaritans]] and [[Assyrians]].!!'.!!’ Distribution of the Arabic language : A single official language.!! official shared language with the majority of Arab natives.!! Official shared language due to significant minorities, history, or cultural reasons. Arabs are a people of Semitic origin and an ethnic group from the Arabian Peninsula . After the emergence of Islam in the 7th century , the Arab population spread in the Middle East and North Africa in a series of waves of migration, conquest and cultural influence. Countries where the Arabs constitute a clear majority of the population are called " Arab countries ". Today, the name is used as a nickname for the natives of these countries, whose mother tongue is Arabic and the vast majority of them are Muslim (most of them Sunni ). The most common definitions for the name Arabs in thought and literature, in academic research and in the media, are: Politically : People who are citizens of countries that are members of the Arab League (or in a broader generalization, the Arab world), but not all Arab countries are members of the Arab League and these countries also have non-Arab citizens. This definition includes over 300-450 million people. The Arab Leagues includes several African countries, such as Djibouti , Comoros and Somalia , whose Arabic is one of their official languages ​​but whose inhabitants are not Arabs at all. And there are Arabs who are not citizens of these countries (for example, in the United States , Israel and European countries). Linguistic: people whose mother tongue is Arabic , or who at least speak Arabic in their daily and personal lives, even if they did not grow up using it. This definition includes over 200 million people who speak different dialects of the Arabic language. Ethnic - Genealogical - Racial : Humans who live, or whose ancestors lived in the Arabian Peninsula and whose genetic and physical characteristics are originally characterized mainly by the original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula . Cultural: people who see themselves as Arabs (regardless of ethnic and genealogical origins), whose culture and way of life are Arabs and are recognized as Arabs by others. The majority of Arabs are Muslims (mostly Sunnis and a minority of Shias’ and members of other minority classes), and a minority of them are Christians , Druze and others.[1] etymology: The word "Arab" in this meaning is mentioned in the Bible several times. Thus, for example, the book of Nehemiah mentions the " Arab rain " that some scholars identify with King Kedar .[2]Also in the Book of Kings, "the kings of the evening" are mentioned[3]And it seems that this phrase refers to the rulers of the Arabian Peninsula, with whom King Solomon had trade relations.[4]The word "Arab" also appears in the Bible in the meaning of the inhabitant of the steppe . In Semitic languages, as a rule, the root A.R.B carries the meanings of: west, sunset (evening), desert (Arab), mix, trade, crow and clear. All or some of them can have a connection to the origin of the name. [ source needed ] It is also possible that the name can have consonants and the origin of the name is actually in the root A.B.R. in connection with their nomadic way of life. [ source required ] In the Qur'an the word "Arab" does not appear as a noun but only as an adjective, for example, the Qur'an refers to itself as "Arab and clear" when the two attributes are related to each other. history: This chapter is lacking. Please contribute to Wikipedia and complete it . You may find details on the conversation page . BC The soldiers of the Assyrian Empire defeat "Gindibu, King of Arabia" riding a camel and his soldiers The first mention of the Arabs in writing is from an Assyrian inscription from 853 BC ( the Necessary Monolith ), in which King Shalmenser III named " Gindibu , King of Arabia" among the rulers he defeated in the Battle of Karkar . Starting from the Assyrian period and following the domestication of the camel, Arab traders played a central role In the trade between the ancient Near East and the Horn of Africa and ancient Yemen . There is evidence of trade relations of the peoples of the ancient Near East with the kingdoms of the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula, the main commercial relation between them was regarding myrrh and frankincense which were used in the perfume industry and were common in the Arabian Peninsula. An ancient Arabic inscription was found in a building from the days of the First Temple in the City of David , which indicates that a Jewish official who knew the language and had relations with one of the Arab kingdoms of the time lived there. The Nabataeans migrated in a massive migration at the end of the Persian period from the north of the Arabian Peninsula towards the south of Jordan and the Negev , they conquered and assimilated the remains of the Moabites and the Ammonites and pushed the Adomites north to the south of Mount Hebron in the territories of Judea.:• After counting: As a general rule, the great empires of the ancient world did not conquer the Arabian Peninsula, unlike the rest of the Middle East, even the Sasanian Empire , which ruled the eastern and southern coasts of the peninsula, did not reach the interior of the country or the western coastal region where the cities of Mecca and Medina are located - apparently for lack of interest economic in this desert region that cannot sustain fertile agriculture . Before Muhammad's time , the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were idolaters?, Christians? or Jews? (descendants of Jewish exiles from the Land of Israel and also Arabs who converted under their influence, such as the Kingdom of Hamir ).!!’ The period before Muhammad is called in Islamic literature: "The Age of Ignorance", or the "Jahiliyyah" . During this period the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were divided into the northern tribes and the southern tribes. The tribal tradition claimed that the people of the north are the descendants of Adnan and Ishmael , while the people of the south are the descendants of a legendary figure named Qahtan . When there are those who suggest that Kakhatan is Yakattan son of the biblical past.[6]In the Arabian Peninsula , nomadic tribes ( Bedouins ) and permanent tribes lived. The permanent tribes lived in cities or deserts and engaged in agriculture or trade . Unlike them, the nomadic tribes were engaged in escorting caravans that passed through the peninsula. Later there were also Arab groups who became Christians (see: Christian Arabs). After the rise of Islam and its consolidation in the Arab kingdoms, Muhammad and his army went north towards the territories of the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire , which were in a period of depression and enjoyed a lasting peace between them. Muhammad's ambition to conquer the world known until then was blocked in the territories of the Gulf of Eilat , and although he sent a letter to the Jews of Eilat (the Byzantine "doe") in which he ordered them to accept his new religion or prepare for their death, it was precisely Muhammad who met his death three years after declaring Islam as The "religion of truth" to control the other nations. The Arab conquest of the Land of Israel brought the Arabs to the Land of Israel , but they could not defeat the Byzantine Empire and were helped by Jewish collaborators who were tired of life as an oppressed and persecuted religious and cultural minority in their country and fought alongside the Arabs against the continuation of Byzantine rule. The Arabs treated the Jews and Christians in the Land of Israel as dhimmis , while the Samaritans , whom Muhammad did not know and therefore did not mention in the Koran as monotheists , were forced to convert to Islam by the force of the sword or die, and when they refused, they almost led to their destruction. After the Arab conquest of the Middle East , Arabs who migrated from the Arabian Peninsula spread to the occupied space: The [[Levant]] , [[Egypt]] and the [[Maghreb]] Greater countries . Later in the course of history, on the one hand, the majority of the conquered peoples began to see themselves as "Arabs" as well, even if it was only a cultural issue due to the Islamization of their country and people without blood ties to the Arab conquerors, and on the other hand, the immigration of Muslim pilgrims of non-Arab origin began The lands that were conquered towards the Arabian Peninsula for religious reasons etc. were assimilated into the local Arab population. The Arab-Muslim conquest also expanded into Europe , with the conquest of Spain by the Moors .!!'?'! see also Islam: Judaism-Islam relations; Israeli Arabs: for further reading: Bernard Lewis , The Arabs in History , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing , 1995. Albert Hourani , History of the Arab Nations , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing, 1996. Pierre Vidal-Naka (ed.), From the Arab Conquest to Imperial Islam, in: The History of the World from the Dawn of Mankind to the Present , Tel Aviv: Yediot Ahronoth Publishing; 993,pp. 7-10. aurchive Forigh Ministry of Saudi Arabia. Prince Saud Al-Fasiel. House of Al Saud Family….!!’?’… <Ref> {{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://stepfeed.com/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490 |access-date=2025-06-16 |archive-date=2025-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616214621/https://stepfeed.com/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490 |url-status=dead }} </Ref>.:• <Ref> https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-dangerous-countries-for-women>/Ref{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}>.: “… Le saviez-vous ? Pour les stars du porno gay, être attirant n'a d'importance que dans le porno gay. Dans le porno hétéro, l'attention est presque toujours portée sur la star.…!!’..” <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-most-beautiful-women </Ref>.: <Ref>https://armedforces.eu/compare/country_Arab_League_vs_European_Union_EU</Ref>.:• December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 Iraqi Kurdish leader Masoud Barzani's September 25, 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in Arab countries, as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October; 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights. Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the [[Arab world]]. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of [[Israel]]. ][[Israel]] is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/iq-by-country.php</Ref>.:• [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. <Ref>https://www.defensenews.com/home/2015/04/01/arab-league-sets-new-defense-force-at-40,000/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized</Ref>.::• <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://amnesty.ca/features/5-death-penalty-myths-debunked/</Ref>.::• ==Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.”== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |05”.||[[File:Flag of Japan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Jabaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |06.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191">[http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf p. 192]</Ref>. |- |08"'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |09'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |10".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |11.".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |11.||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<S>[[SADR]]<s's!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |12".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |13.".||[[File:Flag of Maldives.svg|189px]]<S>[[Maldives]]<S'!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |14.".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |15.".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |16.".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |18.=||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |19.'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<S!>[[Falastiin]]<s'!> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |20.'".||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]<S>[[Koonfur Suudaan]]<s'?> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/> |- |21.”’.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |23.".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!!>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |24."_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |25.".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |26.".||[[File:Flag of Romania.svg|189px]]<S>[[Romania]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |28.".||[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|191px]]<S>[[Injamiina]]<s'!>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |29._.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s!'> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- <S'!>[[MILITARY Of '"United Kingdom of Great Britain of N. Ireland;Ausies.!'& NZL; & Canadiens.!'!'(ex.Quebec.!'!'):Argentine ; Brazil;& Français; Mexico;& Italiano.!'!'; Espanayol.!'! & Portugalese.!'!'(United Arab Emirates.!'!.!'!]]<S'!> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |} <Ref>https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-missions-worldwide.php</Ref>.::.!'! <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: <ReF>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-developed-countries-in-africa</ReF>.: ===Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.!'!”=== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.".||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.".||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.".||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.".||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. 190/>. |- |05.".||[[File:Flag of Korea.svg|189px]]<S>[[Kuuriya]]<s!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |06.".||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191"/>. |- |08."'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |09.'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |10.".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |11.".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |11.".||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<!?>[[SADR]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |12.".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |13.".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |14.".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |15.".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |16.||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |18.'."'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<!>[[Falastiin]]<!'> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |19.'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |20.'".||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]<S>[[Koonfur Suudaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |21.".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!?>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |23.."_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'!> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |24..".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |25.".||[[File:Flag of Romania.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |26.".||[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|191px]]<S>[[Injamiina]]<s'!>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |28._.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s!'> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |29.."_.||[[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|191px]]<S>[[Soviet. 3mpire.!'!']]<s!'?> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |30.".||[[File:Flag of Somalia.svg|191px]]<S>[[Somalie.!'?]]<s'!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |31."_.||[[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|191px]]<S'>[[Jabuuty.!'!]]<s'> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- [[MILITARY Of '"United Kingdom of Great Britain of N. Ireland;Ausies.!'& NZL; & Canadiens.!'!'(ex.Quebec.!'!'):Argentine ; Brazil;& Français; Mexico;& Italiano.!'!'; Espanayol.!'! & Portugalese.!'!'(United Arab Emirates.!'!.!'!]]<S'!> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. | |} <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-death-penalty</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |} |- [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. |- <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: |- <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Europe</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011%2F05%2F05%2F147980</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.unescwa.org/news/escwa-releases-new-report-real-sizes-arab-economies-between-2017-and-2023</Ref>.:• |- |} ==Bassborka Jaamacada Carabta== <gallery mode="traditional" caption="" class="center"> File:Algerian passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Algeria}}[[Algerian passport|Algeria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}. File:Cover of Mauritanian Biometric Passport.png|{{flagicon|Algeria}}<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:New_Egyptian_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Egypt}}[[Egyptian passport|Egypt]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Syria}}.` File:Libyan_New_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Libya}}[[Libyan passport|LBY]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:BioPassMaroc.JPG|{{flagicon|Morocco}}[[Moroccan passport|MAR]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Tunisia}}. File:Passeport Tunisie 2014.jpg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Tunisian passport|Tunisia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|TN}}. File:Cover of Iraqi Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Iraq}}[[Iraqi passport|Iraq]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.` File:The New Lebanese Biometric Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Lebanon}}[[Lebanese Passport|Lebanon]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Libya}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Oman}}[[Omani passport|Oman]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} File:Bahraincover.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Qatar}}[[Bahraini passport|Bahrain]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Bahrain}}. File:Kuwait passport.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Kuwait}}[[Kuwaiti passport|Kuwait]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Qa.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Bahrain}}[[Qatari passport|Qatar]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Qatar}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}}[[Saudi Arabian passport|Saudi Arabia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Jordanian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Jordan}}[[Philistine passport|Jordan]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:UAE Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]][[Emirati passport|United Arab Emirates]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Regular Syrian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Syria}}[[Syrian passport|Syria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Yemen Passport.svg|küçükresim|Yemen pasaportu]]|{{flagicon|Yemen}}[[Yemeni passport|Yemen]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sudan passport cover.JPG|{{flagicon|Sudan}}[[Sudanese passport|Sudan]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sahrawi passport.jpg|{{flagicon|ESH}}[[Sahrawi passport|ESH]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|MAR}}.!!`?`!!`? File:Somaliland Passport Cover.svg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Somali passport|Somaliland]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Maldives}}.!!`? File:Cover of Eritrean Passport.jpeg|{{flagicon|Eritrea}}[[Djibouti passport|Djibouti]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|14px]]{{flagicon|Djibouti}}. File:Cover of Chadian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Chad}}[[Chadian passport|Chad]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|SYC}}.!!`? <Ref>https://visaindex.com/country/chad-passport-ranking/</Ref>.!!`? <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/19/tunisian-autocrat-ben-ali-dies-in-saudi-exile</Ref>.: !!`?`!!`?'?!' </gallery> [[File:Comorian Passport.png|120px]][[Comorian passport|Comoros]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Comoros}}.!!`? Comoros}}.!!`? Carabiya]].]] [[File:Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz.jpg|thumb|central|King Faisal bin Abdulaziz.jpg: "as" King of [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Stevan Kragujevic, Gamal Abdel Naser u Beogradu, 1962.jpg|thumb|central|The second President of [[Egyptians]] 1954–1971.jpg: "as" President of [[Greater Arab Republics]].]] [[File:Ring with engraved portrait of Ptolemy VI Philometor (3rd–2nd century BCE) - 2009.jpg|thumb|Center|25xp|Crown of Ptolemy VI Philometor as [[Egyptian]] Pharoah. Louvre Museum.: [[Baaris]];[[France]].)]] <Ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia</Ref>.::.::.:: [[File:Bangladeshi E-Passport.svg|125px]][[Bangladesh passport|Bangladesh]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|11px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}.: [[File:JapanpassportNew10y.PNG|21px]]|{{flagicon|Japan}}[[Persian|Japan]].:[[File:KOR ePassport.jpg|25px]]{{flagicon|Korea}}PR"China.: [[File:Manara clocktower.JPG|thumb|Manara]][[https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php]]..!!’ [[File:16-03-31-Hebron-Altstadt-RalfR-WAT 5717.jpg|thumb|right|195px|Exterior view with (I.& P.Guard):; Isrealian Police.&_.Philistianian Police Guard]] <Ref>https://www.refworld.org/legal/constinstr/las/1945/en/13854</Ref> [[File:Old city of Nablus.JPG|thumb|right|Alley in the Old City leading to and from the [[souk]], 20018]] [[File:Nineveh Nebi Yunus Excavation Bull-Man Head.JPG|thumb|right|196px|[[Lamassu|Winged Bull]] excavated at Nebi Yunus by Iraqi/?\Irani (Persian.!) archaeologists]],`~` <Ref> {{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |access-date=2023-04-23 |archive-date=2023-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423051219/https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |dead-url=yes }} </Ref>.::. After killing an [[Egyptian]] slave-master who was beating a [[Hebrew]]; [[Moses]] fled across the [[Red Sea]] to Midian, where he encountered the Angel of the Lord, speaking.!'! … https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-present-day-Egyptians-predominantly-Arabs-despite-the-fact-that-the-ancient-Egyptians-where-not.:.: [[File:Turkish Passport.svg|21px]]|{{flagicon|Korea}}[[Turkish passport|Turkish]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Turkey}}.: From Britannica and Wikipedia and "World" Libraries.!!` [[Arabs]] are the people of an [[ethnic]] group who come from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and speak the [[Arabic language]] . According to [[Jewish]] and [[Arab]] tradition, they are the grandchildren of [[Ishmael]] , the son of Avraham Abino . Content 1 The Arab world. 2 Religion. 2.1 Ancient times. 3 The Arabic language's. 4 History and civilization. 5 Arab events. 6 Ottoman decline: 7 The question of Palestine: 8 Arab relations with Arab Jews: The [[Arab world]]: The [[Arab world]] covers most of the countries in the [[Middle East]] and North [[Africa]] except [[Iran]] , [[Turkey]] and [[Bakistaan]] , and the Land of [[Israaiil]].!!'? The Arab countries are: [[Algeria]] , [[Baxrayn]] , [[Egypt]] , [[Iraq]] , [[Jordan]] ,[[Kuwait]] , [[Lubnaan]] , [[Libya]] , [[Marooko]] , [[Cumaan]] ,[[Komoros]], [[Qatar]] , [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] , [[Suudaan]] , [[Suuriya]] , [[Tunisia]] , the [[United Arab Emirates]] , [[Mauritania]], [[Jad]], and [[Yemen]]; [[Eratareya]]; Plus The Whole* [[Somaliland]] are also included even if the [[Soomaalida]].: They Don't "ALLOW" to speak [[Arabic]] [[Language]]; "Economically"; and "Gegraphically"; & "Politically"..Just like [[Turkiga]]; [[Iiraan]] ta but In "African Continent" NOT "ASIAN".• .!!`?'!.! In addition, approximately two million Arabs also live in the occupied areas of the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza]] in the State of Israel . Almost one million Arabs also live in Israel itself. Arabs also moved to many places in the world especially [[Europe]] and [[Americas]]. Arabs are a diverse people, but there are some elements that unite them. The most important of them are the Islamic beliefs and the Arabic language, and the culture and history associated with them.!!'? One day, after [[Moses]] had reached adulthood, he killed an [[Egyptian]] who was beating a [[Hebrew]]. To escape [[Pharaoh's death penalty]], [[Moses]] fled to Midian (a desert country south of Judah), where he married [[Zipporah]].::. ==Religion and Science.!!'?== The largest part of Arabs are Muslims . There are also many Christian Arabs, especially in Lebanon , Syria , Egypt , and the Palestinian territories . Islam was found in the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century. It spread quickly over a large part of Asia and Africa , and that is why today there are many Muslims who are not in the [[Arab world]]. Islam, Arab and non-Arab, has two parts: Sunni and Shua . Sunni Islam is the greater part, and most Arabs are Sunni, but in some countries the majority are Shua, mainly Iraq and Bahrain . ==Ancient times.!!'== Until Islam came, most Arabs were polytheists . Some tribes of Arabs under the Hamid kingdom converted to Judaism, or accepted the Christian religion. ==The Arabic languages.!!'== Postscript-viewer-shaded.png See the main article - Arabic Arabic belongs to the family of Semitic languages, together with the holy Hebrew (22 & 23) , and Aramaic. Although Arabic is the giant Semitic out there, The Language 28-31* …letters, and they are written from right to left…...!!’?’!!’? “…. Arabic is another language with a non-Latin alphabet. Though it consists of 28* characters, the complex Arabic script is still often said to be quite hard to learn. Arabic grammar is very different from English grammar, and Arabic is a highly gendered language……” There are three main versions of the Arabic language: 1st. Quranic or Classical, 2nd. Modern Standard, and 3rd. Colloquial or Daily.!!’ Roughly 25* Dialects fall under these three versions, with some mutually unintelligible and others barely different. As a language learner, deciding to learn Arabic’s is the first step.!!’ “….Arabic developed hundred thousand years ago among the Bedouins in the deserts of Arabian Peninsula..”!!’ Its growth was aided by the tradition of poetry which was very advanced in its oral form before it was written down. With the advent of Islam , the Koran became the model of the Arabic language.:• ==History and Civilization.!!'== The name Arab to refer to the nomads and camel leaders of northern Arabia is already found in writings from almost three thousand years ago. Later, the term was used for all the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Surrounding Arae . Arabs were then a society of tribes. They were grouped according to their family and genealogy, and referred to a single lineage. The Arab society, however, was fragmented thanks to the very difficult conditions of living in the deserts, and therefore there were often fights between tribes and families. It did not appear any Arab country until the arrival of Islam.!!'?' ==Arabic performances.!!'== Islamic civilization, Arab and non-Arab, flourished during the era of the Abbasid caliphs, who ruled over the entire Islamic world from their capital in Baghdad in the years 750 to 1258. The rise of Islamic civilization includes Advances in literature , philosophy , and medicine . Greek philosophy such as the works of Plato and Aristotle were translated into Arabic. Islamic medical writings were used in Europe until the 1600s. Arab sages also made great advances in mathematics. The numbers we use today are called "Arabic numbers" because they were developed by the Arabs and Muslims. Also the division of mathematics "algebra" is an Arab invention, and comes from the Arabic word "Al-Dzabr". ==Ottoman "Turks" decline and " “Arab’s Pple’s League's” World Rise".!!'== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s, and 1850s the flourishing of Arab and Islamic culture began to decline with them.!! Many Arab countries then came under the rule of European Colonizing powers. At the end of the First World War 1, the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and Most of the Arab countries were under European rule.!!’?’ ==The question of Palestin.!!'?== Throughout the First World War , the British promised Arab leaders that Palestine would be included in the territories that would go to the Arabs for independence. The British then promised Palestine to the leaders of the Zionist movement. The history of the Arab-Israeli conflict lies in the mutual promises, as well as the Arab opposition to a Jewish state in the region. ==Arab Muslims relations with Arab Jews.!!'== After the mid-1940s, the situation changed drastically, almost all Arab countries were literally emptied of Jews one after the other, the Polish Arabs have a bitter hatred towards the Jews, almost no Jews are seen before their eyes. The Neturi Karta say that this is a direct result of the movement of Zionism, and later the creation of the Jewish land. Categories : ==Islamic.!!'/|\.Moslim States.!!'?== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the 1900s, the flourishing of [[Arab]] and [[Islamic]] culture began to decline with them. Many Arab countries then came under the rule of [[European]] powers. At the end of the First World War , the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and many Arab countries were under [[European]] rule.!!` <Ref>https://wikiislam.github.io/wiki/Muslim_Statistics_-_Pornography.html</Ref>.: ==Warka== December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 [[Iraqi]] [[Kurdish]] leader Masoud Barzani's September; 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in [[Arab countries]], as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October 2, 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the Arab world. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of Israel. Israel is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. ===BIODIVERSITY=== I am a Palestinian American who is tired of stupid people. I wanted to share a (not exhaustive) list of 50 useful and indisputable facts on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. FACT No. [#01.] Some Jews are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#02.] Some Muslims are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#03.] Some Christians are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No.[#04.] Some Arabs are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. [#05.] Some Americans are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. 6. Some Israelis are shitty and awful people.!?' FACT No. 7. Some Palestinians are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No.[#08.] Not all Jews are Israelis.!'? FACT No.[#09.] Not all Israelis are Jews.!'? FACT No.[#10.] Not all Jews are white.!'? FACT No. [#11.] Not all Israelis are white.!'? FACT No. [#12.] Not all Muslims are Arabs.!'? FACT No. 13. Not all Arabs are Muslim.!'? FACT No. 14. Not all Palestinians are Muslims.!'? FACT No. 15. Not all Arabs are Palestinian.!'? FACT No. 16. Not all Palestinians are Haumaus.!'? FACT No. 17. [[Texans]] are not [[Arizonans]].!'? FACT No. 18. Germans are not Dutch..(The word Dutch comes from a Proto-Germanic word meaning “of the people.” It shares a root with the German word [[Deutsch]], which has led to some confusing names. The name Germans call Germany, for example, is [[Deutschland]] and the people there [[Deutsch]]. [[Dutch]] and German are related, after all, both being Germanic languages.).!'? FACT No. 19. Palestinians are not Jordanians.!'? FACT No. 20. [Egyptians] are not Palestinians.!'? FACT No. 21. Where you are born does not actually determine anything about you.!'? FACT No. 22. Your passport is not your political beliefs. FACT No. 23. Your government is not your morality.!'? FACT No. 24. Not all Jews like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 25. Not all Israelis like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 26. Not all Palestinians like the Palestinian government. FACT No. 27. Israeli governments have committed acts of terror and violence against the Palestinian people. FACT No. 28. Palestinian organizations have committed acts of terror and violence against the Israeli people.!'? FACT No. 29. US leaders do things that I do not agree with (e.g., 2016–2020). FACT No. 30. Israeli leaders do things that Israelis do not agree with. FACT No. 31. Palestinian leaders do things that Palestinians do not agree with. FACT No. 32. What happened to the Israeli civilians on 10/7 2023* is fucking awful, and Hamas has earned every fucking thing that the Israeli military throws at them. FACT No. 33. What is happening in Gaza to civilians is fucking awful, and not the smartest thing for Israel to do, and some aspects of Israeli military activity may be [[war crimes]], and it doesn’t have to be genocide for it to be tragic.!'? FACT No. 34. You can advocate for Palestine without being a racist, anti-semitic piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 35. You can advocate for Israel without being a racist, anti-Arab piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 36. People like to have sex with each other, and they sometimes procreate with people outside their tribes.! '? FACT No. 37. No one in the Levant is indigenous. Every fucking empire in history has fucked their way through the Levant. There is no pure indigeneity. And let’s be honest: The entire planet has been colonized..by [[Europeans]] Powers..and In Ancient (..hominids from the Great Rift Valley). FACT No. [#38.] Palestinians and Israelis share paternal Bronze Age DNA. Yes, even Ashkenazi Jews.!'?... FACT No. 39. Stop with the fucking history lessons about what the Israelites did, or what the [[OTTOMANS]] did, or what the [[BRITISH]] did, or whatever. It is Fucking "IMPERIAL SHIT" There is a pile of DOG shit in the living room. Instead of arguing about whose DOG took the bigger shit in the living room, maybe focus on how we clean up the dog shit, and maybe we keep the DOGS outside.!'? FACT No. 40. Any people have a right to group together and self-identify as whatever-the-fuck-they-want-to-self-identify as. When they get large enough as a group, those people have the right to self-determination and self-respect and a state where they can control their own destinies. FACT No. 41. Whether you like the idea or not, the Israeli state exists. It will also continue to exist until the ISRAELI people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Israeli) is fucking immaterial. FACT No. 42. Whether you like the idea or not, a Palestinian state will exist at some point, and it will continue to exist until the PALESTINIAN people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Palestinian) is fucking immaterial.!'? FACT No. 43. You cannot bomb a people into true submission  —  the Blitz did not soften [[British]] morale.!?'.. FACT No. 44. You cannot fight a war and kill a people’s desire for safety, freedom and self-determination. You can stifle it. You can try to ignore it, but one way or another, you will have to deal with it. This is as true for my Israeli friends as it is for my Palestinian ones. FACT No. 45. The solution to the [[Middle East]] conflict will not be found on Threads, or TikTok, or in the streets of any city that isn’t within a two-hour car ride from downtown Jerusalem.!'? FACT No. 46. If you want to be an ally to Palestinians, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Israelis and Jews. FACT No. 47. If you want to be an ally to Israelis, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Palestinians and Muslims and Arabs. FACT No. 48. If you just want to advocate for peace, try to be a voice for reason, and don’t inflame or over-simplify an already chaotic, complicated and deeply emotional issue. Help people find common ground and help bring the temperature down. You can be moral and stand up for what you believe in without being an ASSHOLE.!'?... FACT No. 49. Yes, an amazing one-state liberal democracy where Palestinian boys and girls could fuck Israeli boys and girls and make cute babies, and everybody spoke Hebrew and Arabic and we all agreed that [[hummus]] and [[falafel]] are delicious and Palestinian and sufganiyot are delicious and Israeli would be awesome. But this wonderful future has about as much chance of happening in the near term as this 5’8″ 56'"-year-old Palestinian has being a starter for the [[Golden State Warrior]]s. A two-state solution is the only workable one.!'? FACT No. 50. Hummus is Palestinian. I am immovable on this.!'?' Moe Aa. Hussein is a Palestinian-American creative with a filmmaking background interested in the intersection of experience and technology. This list originally ran on his Medium blog.!'? The Citizen welcomes guest commentary from community members who represent that it is their own work and their own opinion based on true facts that they know firsthand.:. <Ref>https://waleedgohar469.medium.com/a-media-rich-guide-on-facts-about-palestine-70022565965d</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/</</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.factretriever.com/israel-facts</Ref>.: 5 Interesting Facts About Palestine (Find Out)! Waleed Gohar Waleed Gohar · Follow 3 min read · Jun 22, 2020 Listen Share Introduction: Palestine is a land which has a lot of things for its readers. This is a land which is located in Asia but there is much more to know, apart from its location. Therefore, let’s dive straight into some facts about Palestine. Is 3G available in Palestine? The 3G services are not available in Palestine apart from a few locations. Why is this? Facts About Palestine (3G Network) This is because the Israeli restrictions do not allow the Palestinian people to have access to the 3G services openly. There has been a conversation about this over the past few years of Palestine National Authority with the Israeli authorities but in vain. The Economy of Palestine: Palestine is a land that is considered unsafe by many people, but is it true? To understand this, first, understand that tourism is an important part of the economy of Palestine. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited Palestine. This is a pretty decent figure for a land that is considered unsafe for many people. Furthermore, the stone industry in Palestine is also a very important part of its economy. To understand how important is the stone industry to Palestine, it is to Palestine as the textile is to Pakistan. And what is textile is to Pakistan? 60% of the exports of Pakistan are based on the cotton textile industries that provide half of the countries employment! The majority of exports of Palestine are to Israel, Jordan, America and some European countries. The National Animal of Palestine: Gazelle is the national animal of Palestine which is known for its speed. The Palestinian government has been trying to protect this creature as it is an important symbol for the Palestinians. Facts About Palestine (Gazelle) Photo by Bas van Brandwijk on Unsplash These beautiful thin creatures are mostly found in Africa and Asia. They resemble deer and they are from the family of goats, sheep and cattle. The dama Gazelle is the largest Gazelle. The National Flower of Palestine: Palestinian poppy is the natural flower of Palestine. This beautiful flower is bright red and the scientific name of the Palestinian Poppy is Anemone coronaria. The flower originally comes from Ranunculaceaefamily (buttercup family). Very fewer flowers have played such an important role in medicine, religion and politics as the poppy. One commonly asked question is that are anemones and poppies same? Although the anemones and poppies belong to a similar flower family, they are not the same thing. The Siege in Gaza: In Gaza, 1.9 million Palestinians are under a brutal siege. The basic human rights have been denied to them and they are constantly exposed to aerial bombing. The political instability and barbarity make Gaza unsafe. The Israeli restrictions in this area are so brutal that the United Nations says that by 2020, the area can be completely inhibited. Conclusion: The facts about Palestine is a very interesting topic. I hope that the article makes sense. Thank You very much for staying with me till the end! <Ref>https://www.memri.org/reports/arab-opposition-to-kurdish-state-hypocritical</Ref>.: "Jabaan" likely refers to the word for "Japan" in the language of the user, which in this case is probably "Swahili" or "Somali", as it is a transliteration of the word "Japan" in these languages. Here's a breakdown: "Jabaan" is a transliteration of "Japan" in Swahili and Somali: The word "Jabaan" is used to refer to the country of Japan in Swahili and Somali. Swahili and Somali are languages spoken in Africa: Swahili is a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, while Somali is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the Horn of Africa….!!’?’….!! ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Unionka Mediterraneanka]] * [[Wadanamaha Jaamacada Carabta Afrika]] * [[Waddnamha Mashriq Jaamacada Carabta]] * https://livingcost.org/ ==10*of the*Most*Endangered Species in Africa== BY OLIVIA LAI AFRICA JUN 27TH 2022/23 EARTH.ORG IS POWERED BY OVER 150 CONTRIBUTING WRITERS 10 of the Most Endangered Species in Africa Africa, the world’s second-largest and second-most populous continent, is wonderfully rich in biodiversity. Thanks to its equally rich natural landscapes and biomes, ranging from arid deserts and savannahs to tropical rainforests and ice-capped mountains, Africa supports about a quarter of the planet’s animal and plant species. But delayed industrialisation and development, human activities such as deforestation – 4 million hectares of African forests are cut down annually, almost double the speed than the global average deforestation rate – and prolonged conflicts have had a devastating impact on wildlife on the continent. All these are being fuelled further by climate change. These are just some of the most endangered species in Africa that are in dire need of protection and conservation, before it’s too late. — ===10*Most*Endangered*Species*in Africa.!!=== [#01.]Black Rhino..!!’?’…!!’?’…!!’ Otherwise known as the hook-lipped rhino, the black rhino is one of two species of rhinoceros native to Africa (the other being the white rhino). Due to rampant poaching to meet a global demand for rhinoceros horn, wildlife trading and trophy hunting, black rhino populations have been decimated and has driven a subspecies, the Western black rhino (Diceros bicornis longipes), to extinction in 2011. Today, there are just over 5,600 individuals left of the critically endangered animal and are limited to just four countries: South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Kenya. As a keystone species, meaning that they hold a significant role within an ecosystem, there have been major efforts to protect and recover population numbers, including greater habitat protection and monitoring systems, as well as harsher fines and sentences for rhino poachers. [#02.]African Elephant.!!’?’!!’?… In the 1970s, Africa was home to 1.3 million elephants. Today, that number has plummeted down to less than 30,000 in the wild. Much like rhinos, elephants have been heavily targeted and poached throughout history due to the ivory trade; ivory tusks were treated as a valuable commodity and a status symbol. As a result, around 90% of African elephants have been wiped out in the past century. Though much of the world has since banned elephant ivory trading, most notably China, illegal poaching and trading still persist. But with significant conservation efforts, countries like Kenya have been experiencing a baby boom in elephants, more than doubling the population in 30 years. But other major threats to the species remain: human-wildlife conflict fuelled by human population growth and urban expansion, and climate change-induced droughts. Your Contribution Makes a Difference Every donation counts in our fight against climate change. Join us in making a real impact by supporting our research, data analysis, and policy solutions. DONATE TODAY…!!’?’ endangered species africa [#03].Gorilla..!!’?’..!!’?’.. There are two species of gorillas, the Eastern gorilla and the Western gorilla, both of which are native to Africa and listed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of NatureRed List. A combination of factors have pushed the animal to such a dire situation, including poaching, habitat loss from logging and agricultural development, human conflict, and diseases. In fact, one of the two subspecies of the Western gorilla, the Cross River gorilla that lives in the Cameroon-Nigeria border region, saw its population plummet to about 200-300 adults. Population recovery efforts can be also slow and difficult due to their low reproductive rate, with females only giving birth every four to six years – females also only breed three or four times in her lifetime. [#04.]Saharan Cheetah.!!’?’!!’?’… This endangered cat (but not a ‘Big Cat’) has been pushed to the brink of extinction due to significant habitat loss, forcing the animal to be limited to 10% of its historical range. Its remaining small populations can now only be found in Algeria and Niger, and isolated pockets across the Sahara and Sahel from Mali in the west to the Central African Republic in the east.​ Additionally, hunting by a growing local population in the region and reduced prey such as sheep and gazelle from the agricultural explosion have also contributed to Saharan cheetah’s population decline to fewer than 250 individuals. endangered species in Africa Photo credit: EO Photographer Josh R. [#05.]African Wild Dog..!!’?’…!!’? Also known as the African painted dog or the African hunting dog, this critically endangered species in Africa is also the second most endangered carnivore in the continent. As wild dogs are highly social animals, gathering and travelling packs, they’re incredibly sensitive to habitat changes and fragmentation, which have been significantly reduced over the past few decades. Illegally poaching and wildlife trading is rife across African countries, and many African dogs were caught as bycatch in snares targeted for other animals like antelopes. Despite their impressive speeds – they reach speeds of more than 44 miles per hour – the species has not been able to run away from other threats like human conflicts over livestock, infectious diseases like rabies and distemper, and competition with larger predators like lions due to shrinking habitats. The largest populations are mostly in southern Africa – where there are less than 550 individuals in the wild – and the southern part of East Africa including Tanzania and northern Mozambique. Though snare hunting has been made illegal on nationally proclaimed wildlife reserves in South Africa, far more conservation efforts are needed to protect this rare mammal. You might also like: Is the Sahara Desert Growing? [#06.]African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’… There’s a common misconception that penguins are native only to the Arctic when in fact, there’s a well-known nesting penguin species that breeds in Africa, or more specifically, Namibia and South Africa. Unfortunately, the population of the African penguin is dwindling fast as a result of habitat loss and destruction, overfishing to meet global commercial demand, oil spills and marine pollution – the bird’s range encompass many global trading and oil transport routes – as well as warming ocean temperatures. The species has lost about 95% of its population since pre-industrial times to about 14,700 pairs, based on 2021 estimates. In addition, guano harvests – accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats is a highly sought-after fertiliser – eliminated their preferred nesting substrate, leaving them exposed to predators, heat stress, flooding and sea-level rise. <Ref>https://earth.org/endangered-species-in-africa/</Ref>.:: endangered species in the desert, north african ostrich…!!’?’ [#07.]North African Ostrich..!!’ The North African ostrich is the largest bird on Earth. Historically, it was distributed across the entire Sahara desert, spreading across 18 countries. Today, they’re only found in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic and Senegal. This flightless bird has been heavily targeted over the past 50 years; their feathers, meat and egg are deemed valuable in the wildlife trading market. Much like most of the animals on this list, the ostrich has suffered from habitat loss from human expansion and desertification – a process by which lands become infertile – causing increased food competition with other livestock and larger animals. Since being identified in the IUCN red list, a number of conservation efforts have been underway to help restore the species, from introducing more ostriches to Senegal and habitat rehabilitation to improving livestock fencing and management. [#08.]Dama Gazelle..!!’?’…!!’?’ The dama gazelle now lives only about 1% of its historical range, and is found primarily in the countries of Chad and Sudan. Despite its preference for arid territories, desertification and worsening droughts from climate change have caused major habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as reduced vegetation for gazelle to feed from – thus increased competition with human and livestock. Prolonged wars in the region have also exacerbated all these aforementioned factors. Today, fewer than 400 individuals are left in the wild. [#09.] Egyptian Tortoise..!!’?’…!!’ Another Saharan Desert native and the smallest species of tortoises – no longer than 10cm in length at maturity, the Egyptian tortoise is all but extinct from its original habitat due to the loss of habitat from agriculture and expansion of tourism, and most notably, from illegal pet trading. According to the IUCN Red List, the total Egyptian tortoise population is estimated to be around 7,470, but as they are not legally protected in Libya – where the species is mostly found – they are highly vulnerable to further population decline. Despite ongoing captive breeding programmes efforts to reintroduce Egyptian tortoises to the wild, they have mostly been slow and relatively unsuccessful. [#10.] Sahara Aphanius..!!’?’…!!’ This tiny freshwater pupfish, measuring only less than two inches long, can be found nowhere else in the world except for the Sahara Desert in the Oued Saoura river basin near Mazzer, Algeria. Agricultural development, which has caused significant groundwater contamination and excessive water withdrawal, and increasingly frequent and prolonged droughts, have severely impacted the aquatic vegetation that the species depend upon. This includes zooplankton and algae. The freshwater fish remains to be listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Aside from these endangered species in Africa, you might also like: 10 of the World’s Most Endangered Animals in 2022/2023*.!! 알자지라의 미단 보이스 [[인터넷 채널]]: 유대인이 만들어내고 통제하고 있습니다("..모든 것이 2초 안에 움직입니다..") [[할리우드]]; [[CNN]]; 포르노 산업을 오염시키기 위해 "..[[미국인]]..!!.."과 "...[[기독교인]]...!!'?'" 가치관을...!!'?'... aljajilaui midan boiseu [[inteones chaeneol]]: yudaein-i mandeul-eonaego tongjehago issseubnida("..modeun geos-i 2cho an-e umjig-ibnida..") [[halliudeu]]; [[CNN]]; poleuno san-eob-eul oyeomsikigi wihae "..[[migug-in]]..!!.."gwa "...[[gidoggyoin]]...!!'?'" gachigwan-eul...!!'?'... ==The Most Endangered Animals in Africa== By H. Nimmo. Africa is blessed with a stunning variety of wildlife – it has more species of charismatic megafauna than any other continent. However, sadly, with ever expanding human populations and their increasing demand for land, food and water, exacerbated by poaching, more and more species are becoming endangered. However, thanks to the foresight of conservationists past and present, many of the most endangered animals in Africa are being protected in reserves and national parks. Below is a list of some of the most endangered species in Africa and where you stand a chance of seeing them. =10,441 "African Safaris"= [#01.]Ethiopian’s..!.. Ethiopian wolf..!!’?’…!!’?’… The Ethiopian wolf is Africa’s most endangered carnivore and the continent’s only wolf species. It is a handsome rusty red jackal-like dog and, as the name suggests, it is endemic to Ethiopia’s It is endangered due to loss of habitat to farmland and due to diseases caught from domestic dogs. Best place to see Ethiopian wolf: Bale Mountain National Park, Ethiopia [#02.]Pangolin Pangolin..!!’?’…!!’ The poor pangolin has the dubious honor of being the most illegally trafficked species in Africa, as its scales are used in traditional medicine in Asia. Most people have never heard of a pangolin, let alone seen one … and sadly it is feared they are on a fast-track to extinction. Pangolins are now one of the most endangered animals in Africa. These delightful, gentle creatures are armour-plated and roll into a ball to defend themselves – unfortunately a poor defence against humans. Pangolins feed on ants and termites with their long sticky tongues, and the mother carries her young infant on her back. They are the holy grail of wildlife sightings for many tourists and indeed safari guides, such is their rarity. I must confess the first time I saw a pangolin in the wild, I was moved to tears – part joy and part sadness at just how vulnerable they are. Best place to see a pangolin: in winter at Tswalu Private Game Reserve, South Africa [#03.] Black Rhino Black Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’…. Black rhinos are actually grey in color and are distinguished from white rhinos by their pointed, prehensile upper lip, whereas white rhinos have square lips. Black rhino calves usually follow their mother – whereas white rhino calves often trot along in front. Black rhinos are largely solitary and are browsers rather than grazers – hence their hooked lip. Black rhinos are classified as Critically Endangered, as they have been decimated by poaching for their horn. The most recent numbers estimate less than 5000 in 2010, however, numbers are likely to have decreased further since then, despite valiant conservation efforts. Best places to see black rhino: Ngorogoro Crater, Tanzania Etosha National Park, Namibia Damaraland, Namibia Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe [#04.] White Rhino White Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’… It is sad that, after successful conservation efforts increased their numbers dramatically in the 1960’s, once again, white rhino has become one of the most endangered animals in Africa. This is due to illegal poaching to satisfy the increased demand for their horn by Asian markets. Valiant conservation efforts are once again underway to save the white rhino, and South Africa is still its stronghold. The white rhino is larger than the black rhino and has square lips for grazing. Best places to see white rhino: Kruger National Park, South Africa uMkhuze Game Reserve, South Africa Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve, South Africa Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa [#05.]Mountain Gorilla Mountain Gorilla..!!’?’…!!’?’… Although mountain gorillas are still considered one of the most endangered animals in Africa, the good news is that their numbers are actually on the increase. An encounter with mountain gorillas should be on everyone’s bucket list. Although it is an expensive trip, believe me, it is worth every dollar! You will never forget the hour you spend with these gentle giants. It is your tourist dollars that are helping to protect and conserve the mountain gorillas and their forests – another reason to visit.!! Best place to see mountain gorillas: Bwindi National Park, Uganda [#06.]African Wild Dog? African Wild Dog…!!’?’…!!’?’ Previously viewed as vermin, thankfully the African wild dog has had a very good PR makeover over the last few years and has now become one of the most wished-for safari sightings. Sightings on safari are often by luck, as the dogs cover huge distances in search of prey, and it is only when they are denning (usually the dry season months) that they remain in the same place for a few weeks. Personally they are my favorite animal to see on safari, as they are such sociable carnivores. It is a privilege to watch their frenzied “greeting ceremony”, when they are getting to get ready to hunt – making all sorts of un-dog-like chittering and chirping noises. African wild dogs require huge ranges and consequently habitat fragmentation has caused their decline. Other threats include diseases from domestic dogs, persecution by livestock farmers, road accidents and incidental snaring. Best places to see African wild dog: Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa Linyanti Concession, Botswana Selinda Concession, Botswana [#07.] African Penguin African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’ For visitors to Cape Town, it is hard to imagine that the African penguin is one of the most endangered species in Africa. They are easy to see at Boulders Bay on the Cape Peninsula, where there is a visitor centre and boardwalk past their nests. However, sadly, African penguin numbers have plummeted in recent years due to depleted fish stocks from over fishing and fish stocks moving further west due to climate change. The African penguin is also at risk from oil spills. This is the only penguin species breeding in Africa, and they are easily recognisable by their dapper black and white plumage and jack-ass braying call. Best place to see African penguins: Cape Point, South Africa [#08.] Rothschild’s…Giraffe Rothschild’s giraffe…!!’?’…!!… The giraffe is one of Africa’s most recognisable and iconic animals and the tallest land mammal. While giraffes are commonly seen on safari, people are unaware that the numbers of these majestic animals are crashing dramatically outside of protected areas due to habitat loss, illegal hunting and human-wildlife conflict. There are nine subspecies of giraffe, each confined to specific regions of Africa. The Rothschild’s giraffe is now listed as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – in 2010 there were thought to be less than 670 individuals. It is found in western Kenya and eastern Uganda and it has broader dividing white lines than the reticulated giraffe and no spotting below the knees. Best places to see Rothschild’s giraffes: Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda Kidepo Vally National Park, Uganda Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda [#09.] Hooded Vulture Hooded vulture..!!’?’ Vultures are a critical component in the African landscape but their numbers are plummeting due to increased poisoning incidents. Without vultures clearing carcasses, there is a risk in the increase of disease – as has happened in India, where they have lost 95% of their vultures. The hooded vulture is now one of the most endangered species in Africa – recently upgraded to Critically Endangered. They are easy to distinguish from other vultures by their small size and thin hooked bill. Best places to see hooded vultures: Moremi National Park, Botswana Kruger National Park, South Africa Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe [#10.] Chimpanzee Chimpanzee…!!’?’ When you look into the eyes of a wild chimpanzee, it is easy to understand that this is man’s closest relative – we share 98% of the same genes. Their behavior is distinctively human-like too. Tracking chimpanzees in the wild is one of the most exciting safari activities – it really does feel like you are in the middle of your very own wildlife documentary. Chimpanzees are classified as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – the biggest threat to their survival is habitat loss and an increasing demand for bushmeat…!!’? Best places to see chimpanzees: Gombe National Park, Tanzania Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania Kibale National Park, Uganda Want To Go on an African Safari? Click on the button below to compare African safaris offered by top-rated tour operators. 10,441 African Safaris *<ref>https://www.statista.com/statistics/806135/gdp-of-the-arab-world/</ref>. * <ref>https://www.languagetrainers.co.uk/blog/8-fascinating-facts-about-arab-culture/</ref>. * https://en.idi.org.il/articles/38540 * https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tag/saudi-arabia/ * https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8 * https://www.worlddata.info/languages/#google_vignette * https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-tech-giants-worth-compared-economies-countries// * https://www.arabnews.com/node/1823401/saudi-arabia <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php</Ref> <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020</Ref>.: * https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/10-countries-with-the-best-education-systems.html * https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html <Ref>https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/richest-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. <Ref>https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. * https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ |date=20220701200249 }} * https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/03/who-was-iranian-general-qasem-soleimani-and-why-his-killing-matters.html *https://almashareq.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_am/features/2022/02/04/feature-02 <Ref>https://www.espn.com/soccer/standings/_/league/ita.1</Ref>.: ** https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world <Ref>https://kottke.org/12/11/britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries</Ref>. * https://www.goodcountry.org/index/your-questions/countries-included/youve-left-out-a-number-of-territories-nations-why-is-this/ *<ref>https://visaindex.com/country/indonesia-passport-ranking/</ref> *<ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</ref>. <Ref>https://www.xe.com/popularity.php</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://www.eurosport.com/football/serie-a/2024-2025/standings.shtml</Ref>.: *<Ref>https://www.globalizationpartners.com/2016/06/30/10-facts-about-arab-culture-infographic/#:~:text=The%20Arab%20world%20stretches%20across,various%20ethnic%20and%20religious%20backgrounds.</ref>. <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/14/some-300-children-drowned-trying-to-reach-europe-so-far-this-year</ref>.: * https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} * https://www.4icu.org/top-universities-africa/ '!!`{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm |date=20220819192938 }} * https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-know-about-arab-citizens-israel * https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iran-iraq-power-centres-creating-havoc.: {{Wayback|url= https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_Muhammad#:~:text=This%20family%20tree%20is%20about,Ishmael%20through%20the%20Hashim%20tribe.|date=20220707081051 }} * https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ |date=20240614155515 }} * https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/02/335958/morocco-exposes-polisario-algerias-propaganda-in-letter-to-un/ * https://themuslim500.com/book-reviews-2023.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm |date=20220920172709 }} {{Wayback|url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arab-countries.:•{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 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}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ehlieuordkobamiqj6zstp8m2v0oq5k 0 9606 298483 228757 2026-06-12T14:09:38Z CommonsDelinker 75 Replacing TIFF_2019_jlo_(1_of_1)-2_(48696671561)_(cropped).jpg with [[File:2019_TIFF_premiere_of_Hustlers,_Jennifer_Lopez_(48696671561)_(cropped).jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Cr 298483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Jennifer Lopez | image = 2019 TIFF premiere of Hustlers, Jennifer Lopez (48696671561) (cropped).jpg| alt = | caption = | birth_name = Jennifer Lynn Lopez | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1969|7|24}} | birth_place = [[New York]] | occupation = | years_active = 1986–hada | spouse = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage|Ojani Noa|1997|1998|end=fur}}|{{marriage|[[Cris Judd]]|2001|2003|end=fur}}|{{marriage|[[Marc Anthony]]|2004|2014|end=fur}}}} | partner = | children = 2 | relatives = [[Lynda Lopez]] | awards = | website = {{URL|jenniferlopez.com}} | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | genre = {{hlist|[[Muusiga Pop|Pop]]|[[R&B casriga ah|R&B]]|[[Muusiga Laatiinka|Laatiinka]]|[[Hip hop]]|[[Dance music|dance]]}} | instrument = Cod | label = {{hlist|[[Work Group|Work]]|[[Epic Records|Epic]]|[[Island Records|Island]]|[[Capitol Records|Capitol]]|Hitco}} | associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Sean Combs]]|[[Fat Joe]]|[[Marc Anthony]]|[[LL Cool J]]|[[Pitbull]]}} }} | net worth = US$400 milyan (2019) | signature = Jennifer Lopez Signature.svg }} '''Jennifer Lynn''' "'''J.Lo'''" '''Lopez''' (Luuliyo 24, 1969) waa heesaa iyo atariisho Mareykan ah. 1991, Lopez waxa ay bilawday in ay ka soo muuqato taxanaha telefiishanka ''In Living Color'', halkaas oo ay joogtay ilaa ay go'aansatay in ay sii wadato shaqadeeda jilida 1993. Doorkeedii ugu horeeyay hogaamineed ee filimkii 1997 ''[[Selena (filim)|Selena]]'', Lopez waxa ay noqotay atariishii Laatiin ugu horaysay in la siiyo US$1 milyan. Waxay sii waday inay xiddig ka gasho ''[[Anaconda (filim)|Anaconda]]'' (1997) and ''[[Out of Sight]]'' (1998), waxayna isu taagtay inay noqoto aktarada Laatiinka ee ugu mushaarka badan Hollywood.<ref>"Solid as a Rock". [[Vibe]].</ref> == Tix == tbtqmz3w90gbfnclpzchb5a1legh8vw 0 22862 298499 297783 2026-06-13T05:07:56Z ~2026-34683-58 46074 /* 2. Reer Aw Nuur */ 298499 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reer Aw Xasan''' waa beel ka mida beelaha soomaaliyeed, lehna taariikh fac-weyn oo ku qotonta hoggaanka diinta, cilmiga iyo adeegga bulshada. Taariikh ahaan, beeshani waxay caan ku ahayd soo saarista culumo, macallimiin iyo hoggaamiyeyaal bulsho oo door muuqda ka qaatay fidinta diinta iyo horumarinta waxbarashada. Sidoo kale, waxay saameyn la taaban karo ku leeyihiin siyaasadda iyo arrimaha bulshada ee Soomaaliya. == Qaybaha Beesha == Beesha Reer Aw Xasan waxay si rasmi ah ugu kala baxdaa '''laba farac oo waaweyn''': === 1. Reer Aw Saacid === Reer Aw Saacid '''Jilib-hoosaadyada Reer Aw Saacid:''' * Reer Aw Xuuriye * Reer Aw Kheyre * Reer Aw Hilowle * Maxamed Aw Saacid '''Deegaannada Reer Aw Saacid:''' Inta badan waxay deggan yihiin gobollada '''Shabeellaha Hoose''', gaar ahaan: * Qoryooley * Afgooye Sidoo kale, waxay ku nool yihiin waqooyi-bari Kenya, gaar ahaan: * Mandheera * Qalaaliyow ---- === 2. Reer Aw Nuur === '''Jilib-hoosaadyada Reer Aw Nuur:''' * Reer Aw Mahdi * Reer Aw Cilmi * Reer Udgoone '''Deegaannada Reer Aw Nuur:''' Waxay inta badan deggan yihiin: * Beledweyne iyo qaybo kale oo ka tirsan gobolka Hiiraan * Feer Feer iyo deegaano kale oo ka tirsan Deegaanka Soomaalida ee Itoobiya * Koonfurta Soomaaliya, sida Gobolka shabellada hoose, Jubbaland, Banadir iyo Kenya ---- ---- == English Version == '''Reer Aw Xasan''' is a respected clan within the '''Sheekhal community''', known for its rich historical legacy in religious leadership, scholarship, and community service. Historically, members of this clan have played a significant role as Islamic scholars, teachers, and community leaders. They have also maintained a visible influence in Somali social and political affairs. == Clan Structure == The Reer Aw Xasan clan is officially divided into '''two main branches''': === 1. Reer Aw Saacid === Reer Aw Saacid is the '''eldest son (Curadka Reer Aw Xasan)''' and represents the largest branch of the clan. '''Sub-clans of Reer Aw Saacid:''' * Reer Aw Xuuriye * Reer Aw Kheyre * Reer Aw Hilowle * Mohamed Aw Saacid '''Geographical Distribution of Reer Aw Saacid:''' They predominantly inhabit the Lower Shabelle region of Somalia, particularly: * Qoryooley * Afgooye They are also found in northeastern Kenya, especially: * Mandheera * Qalaaliyow ---- === 2. Reer Aw Nuur === Reer Aw Nuur is the second major branch of the Reer Aw Xasan clan. '''Sub-clans of Reer Aw Nuur:''' * Reer Aw Mahdi * Reer Aw Cilmi * Reer Udgoone '''Geographical Distribution of Reer Aw Nuur:''' They mainly inhabit parts of the Hiiraan region in Somalia, particularly: * Beledweyne They are also present in the Somali Region of Ethiopia, including: * Feer Feer kbf4j7s8szfhy7e35z97cxlujhwmrlx 0 29883 298502 275630 2026-06-13T06:55:08Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298502 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Shavkat_Mirziyoyev_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Mirziyoyev (2016)]] '''Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev''' ( dhashay 24-kii Luulyo 1957)<ref>[https://archive.today/20120712132611/http://premier.gov.ru/visits/world/6053/info/1809/ ]|date=February 2019}}</ref><ref>cite web|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/factbook/68880|title=Издательский{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} дом Коммерсантъ|work=kommersant.ru|url-status=dead|archiveurl=/http://www.kommersant.ru/factbook/68880|archivedate=2013-11-04{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> waa madaxweynaha dalka [[Usbekistan]] iyo Taliyaha Guud ee Ciidamada Qalabka sida ee Usbekistan laga soo bilaabo sanadkii 2016. Wuxuu soo noqday Raiisel Wasaaraha Usbekistan sanadkii 2003<ref name="Pro">[http://www.rferl.org/specials/uzbekelections/bios/Mirziyayev.asp Brief profile of Mirziyoyev] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rferl.org/specials/uzbekelections/bios/Mirziyayev.asp |date=20071116173947 }} {{|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116173947/http://www.rferl.org/specials/uzbekelections/bios/Mirziyayev.asp |date=2007-11-16 }}, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.</ref><ref name="SK">[http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/9/557d2098-4f9f-4d77-8a30-e3f28745201b.html "South Korea, Uzbekistan Sign Uranium Deal"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/9/557d2098-4f9f-4d77-8a30-e3f28745201b.html |date=20070930062607 }}, September 25, 2006.</ref> illaa 2016. Bishii Oktoobar 2021, Shavkat Mirziyoyev ayaa mar labaad loo doortay Madaxweynaha Uzbekistan. ==Taariikh nololeedkiisa== {{gumud}} ==tixraac== [[category:siyaasada usbekistan]] [[category:Usbekistan]] dhm93uufqmaay6fjsw5o9qkz3jypuco 0 30598 298490 215101 2026-06-13T01:08:29Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|43.314892|N|5.366006|E|display=title}} {{Infobox company | name = CMA CGM | native_name = <!-- Company's name in home country language --> | native_name_lang = <!-- Use ISO 639-2 code, e.g. "fr" for French. If there is more than one native name, in different languages, enter those names using {{tl|lang}}, instead. --> | trading_name = <!-- d/b/a/, doing business as - if different from legal name above --> | logo = CMA CGM logo.svg | image = CMA CGM Opal, Fremantle, 2015 (02).JPG | image_size = 350px | image_alt = CMA CGM Opal berthed in Fremantle, Australia, in November 2015 | type = [[Société Anonyme]] | traded_as = | predecessor = | successor = | founder = [[Jacques Saadé]] | defunct = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | fate = | area_served = Aduunka oo dhan | key_people = [[Gudoomiye|Gudoomiyaha]] Jacques R. Saadé Group & [[CEO]] Rodolphe Saadé | industry = [[Containerization]] | products = [[Dhiifinta konteenarada]] | production = | services = | revenue = {{increase}} [[$]]30,3 billion (2019) | operating_income = | net_income = | aum = <!-- Only used with financial services companies --> | assets = {{increase}} [[$]]20.32 billion (2018) | equity = | owner = | num_employees = 110,000 | parent = | divisions = | subsid = [[CMA CGM#Subsidiaries|Liiska kaabayaasha]] | footnotes = <ref name="CMA-CGM">{{cite web|url=http://www.cma-cgm.com/AboutUs/Default.aspx|title=About Us|publisher=CMA CGM}}</ref><ref name="CMA-CGM_Financial">{{cite web|url=https://www.cmacgm-group.com/api/sites/default/files/2019-03/CMA%20CGM%20-%20Consolidated%20financial%20statements%20-%20December%202018_signed.pdf|title=Consolidated Financial Statements|publisher=CMA CGM|access-date=2020-06-05|archive-date=2022-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225042617/https://www.cmacgm-group.com/api/sites/default/files/2019-03/CMA%20CGM%20-%20Consolidated%20financial%20statements%20-%20December%202018_signed.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> | intl = | romanized = | former type = | foundation = {{start date and age|1978}} | location_city = [[CMA CGM Tower]]<br />[[Marseille]] | location_country = [[France]] | locations = 755 xafiisas/wakiilal | homepage = {{URL|http://www.cma-cgm.com}} | bodystyle = }} [[Image:CMA CGM container.JPG|vignette|400px|thumb|right|marcabka franciska macduwan,baadca dunida ]] '''CMA CGM S.A.''' waa shirkad faransiis oo qaada oona dhoofisa konteenarada.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/rodolphe-saade-nouveau-directeur-general-de-cma-cgm.N499799|title=Rodolphe Saadé, nouveau directeur général de CMA CGM - L'Usine Aéro|first=L'Usine|last=Nouvelle|date=9 February 2017|publisher=}}</ref> Waa koox hoggaamisa maraakiibta adduunka oo dhan,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.edumaritime.net/shipping-logistics-career/cma-cgm-shipping-group|title=CMA CGM Shipping Group - Merchant Marine & Maritime Careers|website=www.edumaritime.net}}</ref> iyadoo adeegsaneeso 200 oo wadooyinka maraakiibta ah inta u dhaxaysa 420 dekedood oo ku kala yaal 150 waddan oo kala duwan<ref>{{ cite web | url = http://www.cma-cgm.com | title = CMA CGM website}}</ref>, waxay ku jirtaa darajada afaraad oo ka dambeysa Maersk Line, MSC iyo Khadadka Maraakiibta COSCO.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://alphaliner.axsmarine.com/PublicTop100/|title=Alphaliner TOP 100|date=5 January 2019}}</ref>. Xarunteeda waxay ku taalaa degmada [[Marseille]] ee [[faransiiska]], <ref>"[http://www.cma-cgm.com/AboutUs/Contact.aspx Contact]." GMA CGM. Retrieved on 22 September 2011. "CMA CGM Marseille Head Office 4, quai d'Arenc 13235 Marseille cedex 02 France "</ref> xarunteeda waqooyiga Mareykankana waxay ku taal degmada [[Norfolk]], [[Virginia]], [[Mareykanka]]. {{Flag|France}} ==warka== * https://theloadstar.com/cma-cgm-to-operate-new-box-terminal-at-egypts-port-of-alexandria/ * https://ajot.com/news/cma-cgm-grr-from-the-mediterranean-to-east-africa ==Taariikh== {{gumud}} ==Tixraac== [[category:shirkadaha faransiiska]] Category:faransiiska]] [[category:shirkadaha maraakiibta konteenarka]] md93pco6kotm6h3o8lvbzr2lc9i7iga 0 37444 298500 250924 2026-06-13T05:17:00Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Mahmoud Alhawamdeh|image=|image caption=Mahmoud Alhawamdeh - محمود الحوامدة (2022)|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1988|11|04}}|nationality=[[Jordan]]|citizenship=[[UAE]]|occupation=[[Entrepreneur]]|othername=dispusipgarut|native_name=محمود الحوامدة}} '''Mahmoud Alhawamdeh''' (Carabi: '''''محمود الحوامدة''‎''') (wuxuu dhashay [[4 (tiro)|4]] [[11 (tiro)|Noofambar]] [[1988]]) waa ganacsade caan ah oo reer [[Urdun]] ah kaasoo fadhigiisu yahay [[Dubay|Dubai]] ee Isutagga Imaaraadka Carabta. <ref>https://www.dostor.org/2833543</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.mediaeveryday.com/news/19203 |access-date=2022-12-12 |archive-date=2022-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212202231/https://www.mediaeveryday.com/news/19203 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> == Nolosha shaqada == Mahmoud Alhawamdeh waxa uu ahaa nin aad ugu guulaystay shaqadiisa hal-abuur ganacsi oo awood u leh in uu ku sameeyo mashaariic badan muddo kooban. Marka laga soo tago in uu ahaa hal-abuur ganacsi, waxa uu sidoo kale ahaa hal-abuur dhinaca maamulka ganacsiga ah, maadaama uu maamulaha ganacsiga u yahay fanaaniin badan oo Carbeed, caan ah, iyo fanaaniin faneed. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.gomhuriaonline.com/Gomhuria/453070.html |access-date=2022-12-11 |archive-date=2022-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211145836/https://www.gomhuriaonline.com/Gomhuria/453070.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hadda waxa uu leeyahay koox ka mid ah mashaariicda lagu guulaystay, oo ay ku jiraan shirkadda montage iyo marketing, shirkad nadiifinta xafladaha, iyo shirkad ku takhasusay maareynta bogagga warbaahinta bulshada.<ref name=":0" /> == References == {{Reflist}} mh5bdhiju7s85o5nvup0vt68sg3cduw 0 42553 298520 296826 2026-06-13T11:58:33Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox tribe | name = Reer Geedoow<br> رير غيدو | image = | caption = | ethnicity = {{flagicon|Somalia}}[[Soomaalida|Soomaali]] | descended = '''Geedoow Axmad''' | parent_tribe = [[Reer Shabeelle]] | branches = * [[Reer Caadiye]] * [[Reer Yaraaw]] * [[Reer Xumaan]] iyo [[Reer Buraaw]] (hal isku ah) * [[Reer Muuse]] * [[Reer Magansade]] | population = ~ | religion = [[File:Allah-green.svg|18px]] [[Islaam]] [[Sunni]] | language = {{flagicon|Somalia}} [[Af-Soomaali]],<br> lahjad ([[Af-Shabeelle]]) | type = [[Reer Geedoow]] – beel kamid ah [[Reer Shabeelle]] | location = {{flagicon|Somalia}}[[Soomaaliya]]<br> {{flagicon|Ethiopia}}[[Itoobiya]]<br> {{flagicon|Kenya}}[[Kenya]] }} [[Reer Geedoow]] waa beel katirsan [[Reer Shabeelle]], oo kunool [[gobolka Qallaafe]], guud ahaan [[dhulka]] [[Soomaaliweyn]] iyo qaar kamid ah wadamada [[geeska Afrika]]. == Taariikh == == Hogaanka == == Deegaanada == == Sidoo kale eeg == * [[Qallaafe]] * [[Mustaxiil]] * [[Feerfeer]] [[Category:Qabiilo Soomaaliyeed]] [[Category:Taariikhda Soomaaliya]] == Xigashooyin == hzx26b8wb715vorgu4bdfj157g50jul 0 42861 298493 295183 2026-06-13T03:01:42Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox model | name = Fatima Siad <br/> فاطمة سياد | image = | caption = Faadumo Siyaad | imagesize = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1986|12|17}} | birth_place = [[Muqdisho]], [[Soomaaliya]] | height = {{height|ft=5|in=11}} | haircolor = [[Madow]] | eyecolor = [[Maariin madow]] | agency = Nooca Cusub ee Maamulka Model (Hernando) <br> [[Munich Models]] (Munich) <br> Modellink (Stockholm) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://models.com/models/fatima-siad|title = Fatima Siad - Model}}</ref> }} '''Fatima Siad''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Faadumo Siyaad , Carabi : فاطمة سياد ; waxa ay dhashatay December 17, 1986) waa moodelada dharka ee Soomaalida Waxay ku soo barbaartay Boston , Massachusetts waxay ahayd tii ugu dambaysay ee lagu ciribtiro Ameerika ee Qaabka Sare ee Xiga, Wareegga 10. ==Taariikh nololeedka== Wuxuu ku dhashay Muqdisho , Soomaaliya, waxaana dhalay waalidiin Soomaaliyeed Siyaad waxa uu ku soo koray Soomaaliya hooyadeed iyo labo walaalo ah. Waalidkeed waxay kala tageen da 'yar. Waxaa lagu sameeyay gudniinka fircooniga ah iyadoo 7 jir ah. Labadii gabdhood oo ay walaalo ahayd ayaa waxaa dilay ciidamada Soomaaliya dagaaladii sokeeye. Geeridii walaalaheed ka dib, Siyaad iyo hooyadeed waxay u qaxeen Maraykanka iyadoo saddex iyo toban jir ah si ay ammaan u helaan Siyaad waxa uu sheegay in ay ku noolayd guri cooshado ah oo ay isku kalsoonayd markay yarayd. Intii ay ku jirtay dugsiga sare waxay ka qayb qaadatay barnaamijka Upward Bound TRIO ee Jaamacadda Boston . Waxay ahayd Aqoonyahan Posse waxayna aaday Bryn Mawr College ee 2004 Waxay u wareegtay Jaamacadda New York si ay u barato pre-med iyo cilmiga siyaasadda Waxay ugu dambeyntii dib ugu soo laabatay Bryn Mawr College si ay u dhameysato waxbarashadeeda. ==Xirfad== ===Xiriirinta wakaalada=== Siyaad waxa uu hadda la saxeexday New York Model Management ee New York City iyo sidoo kale Munich Models ee Munich, Germany . Waxay la saxiixan jirtay IMG Models ee New York City , Paris, Milan, iyo London, iyo Ace Models ee Athens, Greece . ==Shaqo daabac== Waxay ka soo muuqatay jaldiga Majaladda Colors Waxay ku jirtay jaldiga Bogga Hore Style tirsigii May 29, 2009 Siyaad waxa uu ka soo muuqday tifaftirayaasha Maraykanka iyo Isbaanishka Vogue , Elle , Australian iyo Indonesian Harper's Bazaar , Marie Claire , iyo Cosmopolitan . Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay Cosmogirl , Ebony , Nuxurka , Dharka Dumarka ee Maalinlaha ah , Majaladda Flaunt , iyo Look Magazine UK . Waxay lahayd toban bog oo ku faafay D la Repubblica Delle Donne , cadadka 637. Siad wuxuu ku jiray daboolka joornaalada Faransiiska, Amuser , daabacaadda labaad iyo Profil Femme , Abriil 2009. Waxay ku socotaa dariiqyada dayuuradaha ee Giorgio Armani , Hermés , Ralph Lauren , Dries Van Noten , Max Azria , Emilia Wickstead , Moncler Gamme Rouge , J. Crew , Nanette Lepore , Alexandre Vauthier , Hervé Léger , bebe , Tracy Reese , John Vat . Sannadkii 2013, Siad wuxuu la yeeshay olole xayaysiis ah Wildfox's "We are The Kids in America" ​​Ururinta Guga iyo Doncaster's Winter 2013 Collection. Sannadkii 2014, iyadu waxay sidoo kale olole la gashay Jonathan Simkhai Pre-Fall 2014 ururinta. Waxay ka soo muuqatay ololeyaal xayaysiis ah oo loogu talagalay Ralph Lauren , Marc Jacobs , Hervé Léger , Tiffany & Co. , Armani Exchange , BCBG , Liz Claiborne , Tracy Reese , Express , Talbots , Neiman Marcus , Magaalada Burburka , Avedavon , Pantene, L'Oreal , Clarks, Aveda, Pantene , Crée, Clarks, Crée , Claiphora , Aveda , Claiborne , Crée , Clarks iyo Crayphor. Coca-Cola . Siyaad waxa uu qandaraas kula jiray shirkadda isqurxinta ee Swiss , Arbonne wuxuuna ahaa mid ka mid ah wajiyada cusub ee Arbonne FC5, oo ka soo muuqday xayeysiisyada alaabta. Ilaa 2019, Fatima waxaa lagu soo bandhigay xayeysiisyada astaanta quruxda Chantecaille ===Shaqada runway=== Siad waxa ay soo bandhigtay Gemma Kahng ee Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Guga/Xagaaga 2009 Waxay sidoo kale ku socotay bandhigga moodada Dazzle Your Senses ee Club Sol Siyaad waxa lagu daray xirmada bandhiga NYMM ee dayrta/jiilaalka 2009 New York Fashion Week oo waxa uu helay kaadhka bandhiga Waxay u socotay Stærk, Boy by Band of Outsiders, Betsey Johnson iyo Michael Angel at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Fall/winter 2009/2010, ee Lublu K. Plastinina ee Milan Fashion Week Guga/Summer 2010, nashqadeeyaha Badda Siad wuxuu u socday Dries Van Noten , Andrew Gn, Moncler Gamme Rogue iyo Hermès intii lagu jiray Gu'ga/Xagaaga 2012 Todobaadka Dharka ee Paris. Siad waxa kale oo uu ku dhex socday Armani's "Hal Habeen Keliya" ee dayuuradaha dayuuradaha 2013. Waxay sidoo kale xidhatay naqshadeeye Thierry Colson. Todobaadka Fashion-ka ee New York Gu'ga/Xagaaga 2014, Siad waxa uu u soo socday Emerson Jackie Fraser-Swan, Kaufmanfranco iyo Ralph Lauren. Ka dib waxay u socotay Ralph Lauren Pre-Fall. Intaa waxaa dheer, inta lagu guda jiro Toddobaadka Fashion-ka ee Dayrta/Jiilaalka 2014, waxay u soo lugaysay Mara Hoffman, Sally LaPointe, Tome, Lela Rose, Dennis Basso, waxayna soo bandhigtay bandhigyo Jonathan Simkhai iyo J. Crew. Toddobaadka Fashion-ka ee London Dayrta/ Jiilaalka 2014, Siad wuxuu kaloo u soo socday Emilia Wickstead iyo Lucas Nascimento. ===Shaqada telefishanka=== ===Qaabka Sare ee Xiga ee Ameerika=== Siyaad waxa uu ahaa gabadhii labaad (ka dib Allison Kuehn) in loo doorto wareegga tobnaad ee Maraykanka ee Next Top Model . Garsoorayaashu waxay ciribtireen Siad laba iyo tobnaad (tan iyo markii la tartamayay Kimberly Rydzewski ay ka baxday tartanka qaybta labaad taasoo ka dhigaysa Atalya Slater gabadhii ugu horreysay ee laga saaro) Rome intii lagu jiray muuqaalkeedii afraad ee hoose ee labada muuqaal taas oo Whitney Thompson ay badbaaday markii afraad ugu dambeyntiina ku guuleysatay. Intii ay joogtay, Siyaad waxa ay heshay saddex wicitaan oo hore oo ay ku guulaysatay hal tartan, taas oo ay ku heshay 50 xargo oo dheeraad ah oo sawir qaade ah. Siyaad waxaa lagu dhaleeceeyay inuusan si fiican u qaadi karin jihada. Waxa la siiyay dheerad dheer oo ah baaldi bunni ah oo ka mid ah wax ka beddelkeeda. Siyaad waxa ay seegtay sawir qaade, iyada oo awoodi wayday in ay hesho dukumeenti socdaal oo ay sheegtay in ay ku wayday Atlanta . Taasi waxay ku dhowaatay inay ku kacdo tartanka, maadaama ay ku soo degtay labada ugu hooseeya iyada oo ay weheliso Stacy-Ann Fequiere, laakiin faylal xoog leh, oo horumarinaysa ayaa badbaadisay. Siad sidoo kale wuxuu ka badbaaday labadii ugu hooseeyay Amis Jenkins iyo Dominique Reighard. Hal waraysi, Siad waxa ay sheegtay in ay dareentay in bandhiggu ahaa kaftan oo ay u malaynaysay in Claire Unabia, Lauren Utter, Katarzyna Dolinska ama Anya Rozova ay ahayd in ay ku guulaystaan ​​ama ugu yaraan aan la tirtirin sidii hore. Waxa ay sidoo kale sheegtay in laga yaabo in bandhiggu uu ku saleysan yahay siyaasad. Siyaad waxa ay ahayd gabadhii ugu dambaysay ee lagu soo bandhigo Qaybta Waxqabadka ugu Sarreysa ee la sii daayo intii lagu jiray Wareegga 12 . ===Mid kale=== Siad waxa uu ka soo muuqday Bandhiga Tyra Banks ee qaybaha cinwaankiisu yahay Tyra's Pay It Forward Joanie Dodds , Recessionista : Queen of Cheap halkaas oo ay u qaabaysay dharka Anya Rozova iyo Katarzyna Dolinska Modelville 3 , Modelville 4 , iyo Tina Knowles oo ku dayasho mudan bandhig Fashion House of Dereon Siad waxa uu jilay Modelville ,waxana ay noqotay tii ugu danbaysay ee laga saaro tartanka. Siad waxa uu si kooban uga soo muuqday dhamaadkii Xiligii 1aad ee Kell on Earth (Dhacdada "Maalmaha Qorraxda") isaga oo ah moodal la shaqaaleysiiyay ee toogashada xayaysiinta ee DKNY Cozy. ===Sidoo kale=== Intaa waxaa dheer, sheeko-nololeed ay ku qortay Orato.com oo cinwaankeedu yahay Quruxda nugul: Helitaanka Codkayga , waxay si cad uga hadashay gudniinka fircooniga ah iyo rajada ay ka qabto in ay beddesho dhaqanka si ay uga dhigto mid ka argagaxa gabdhaha yaryar Bishii Oktoobar 2015, Siad waxa uu Cosmopolitan ku qiimeeyay mid ka mid ah tartamayaasha ugu guulaha badan ee Model-ka ugu sarreeya . ==Tixraac== [http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/fatima_siad "FMD - Profile of fashion model Fatima Siad"] [http://www.acemodels.gr/templates/main/main.php?sid=4&book_from_briefcase=4401 Ace Models] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110717100327/http://www.acemodels.gr/templates/main/main.php?sid=4&book_from_briefcase=4401 waxaa la kaydiyay] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090728020450/http://www.coluresmagazine.com/home.htm "Colures Magazine"] [https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/B4QWovnHkg7 "Chantecaille 2019 Xayeysiiska"]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [http://www.newyorkmodelsblog.com/?q=node/156 "Kaarka Bandhiga Dayrta/Jiilaalka"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110605030155/http://www.wireimage.com/SearchResults.aspx?sr=41&igi=338848&s=dazzle%20your%20senses&sfld=C&vwmd=e "Dareenkaaga ku wareeri"] [http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/betsey-johnson-rtw-fall-2009-2002693?src=rss%2Frecentstories%2F20090216#/slideshow/article/2002693/2002803 "Betsey Johnson - Dayrta/Jiilaalka 09/10"] [http://tyrashow.warnerbros.com/TyraMediaPlayer/player.html?=promos/4001 "Recessionista: Queen of Cheap"] [https://www.tvguide.com/detail/tv-show.aspx?tvobjectid=195018&more=ucepisodelist "Tyra Banks Show - Liiska Qaybaha"] [https://realityspeakswithprettygirl.blogspot.com/2010/03/kell-on-earth-season-finale-surprise.html "Kell on Earth (xilliga kama dambaysta ah) - "La yaab!"] [http://orato.com/lifestyles/2008/05/23/vulnerable-beauty-finding-my-voice "Orato - Quruxda nugul: Helitaanka Codkayga"] {{Wayback|url=http://orato.com/lifestyles/2008/05/23/vulnerable-beauty-finding-my-voice |date=20250223024614 }} [http://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/tv/news/a47929/top-model-tyra-banks-successful-models/ "12 jeer "Modelka ugu sarreeya" dhab ahaantii waa la helay, waad ogtahay, moodel sare"] [http://tyrashow.warnerbros.com/TyraMediaPlayer/player.html?=promos/4026 "Isku imaatinka Modelka Maraykanka ee Xiga"]{{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/fatima_siad/ Faadumo Siyaad] [http://tyrashow.warnerbros.com/modelville/fatima Siad's Blog on Modelville] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080423023814/http://www.cwtv.com/thecw/americas-next-top-model10-fatima "Portfolio Model ee xiga ee Ameerika"] cwtv.com Laga soo kaydiyay [http://cwtv.com/thecw/americas-next-top-model10-fatima asalka] 2008-04-23. 0psj2ulrxleu9p6j48oeampeou92j97 0 43416 298485 298443 2026-06-12T16:16:57Z ~2026-34537-45 46057 298485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaxda beesha''' waxaan halkan ku soo bandhigaynaa (Clan Tree/Abtirsiinta), waxaana hoos ku faahfaahin doonaa sida ay Reeruhu u kala baxaan, Reeraha ay ka kobanyihiih, iyo Deegaannada ay deggan yihiin ama ay ku fidsan yihiin. <br /> {{Tree list}} *Daoud (Eidagalle) **Muuse Daoud ***Abokor ****Saleiban Abokor *****Mohammad Salieban ******Saleiban Mohamed *******Yousuf Saleiban ********Osman Yusuf ********Said Yusuf ********Mohamed Yusuf *******Aralleh Saleiban ********Ali Arralle ********Saleiban Arralle *********Abokor Saleiban **********Abdalleh Abokor ***********Saleiban Abdalle ************Osman Saleiban *************Waisleh Osman **************Mahamoud Wais **************Arralleh Wais **************Hussein wais **************Saleiban Wais **********Saleiban Abokor ***********Warfa Saleiban ***********Arreh Saleiban ***********Farah Saleiban ***********Mahamoud Saleiban **********Ibrahim Abokor ***********Mohamed Ibrahim ************Jibril Mohamed ************Hussein Mohamed ************Abokor Hussein **********Hassan Abokor ***********Muuse Hassan ***********Laqshe Hassan ***********Basiralle Hassan ***********Salah Hassan ************Egal Salah *************Hassan Egal **************Dhimbil Hassan ************Mohammed Dhimbil *************Musa Mohamed **************Adawe Muuse ***************Absiye Adawe ***************Allamagn Adawe ***************Yusuf Adawe ***************Liban Adawe ***************Roble Adawe ***************Osman Adawe ***************Egal Adawe ***************Wais Adawe **************Aden Muuse ***************Had Adan ***************Roble Aden ***************Abane Aden ***************Ali Aden ***************Wais Aden ***************Burale Aden ***************Geedi Aden ***************Boqorre Aden ****************Sugulle Boqore ****************Liban Boqorre ****************Warfa Boqorre ****************Koshin Boqorre ****************Shiekhdon Boqorre *************Mucawiye Mohamed **************Samter Muawiye **************Ali Muawiye *************Fatah Mohamed **************Awarre Fatah **************Mohamed Fatah **************Said Fatah **************Hassan Fatah **************Cisman Fatah *************Gulled Mohamed **************Hussein Guled **************Egal Guled **************Yusuf Guled **************Roble Guled **************Abdi Guled **************Elmi Guled **************Samater Guled ************Muuse Dhimbil *************Mahamoud Muuse **************Shirdon Mohamoud ***************Hamud Shirdon ***************Shirdon Mohamoud ***************Hamud Shirdon ***************Jama Shirdon ***************Geele Shirdon ***************Osman Shirdon ***************Egal Shirdon ***************Wais Shirdon ***************Farah Shirdon ***************Roble Shirdon ***************Samter Shirdon ***************Yusuf Shirdon ***************Guled Shirdon **************Hildiid Mohamoud ***************Ali Hildiid ***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi) ****************Odawa Geedi *****************Odawa Odawa *****************Mahamoud Odawa ****************Geele Geedi ****************Nour(Shire) Geedi ****************Haji Dirie Geedi ****************Samter Geedi ****************Ahmed Geedi ****************Ali Geedi ****************Roble Geedi ***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi) ****************Ali Hersi ****************Guled Hersi ****************Egal Hersi ****************Aden Hersi ****************Mahamoud Hersi ****************Fahiye Hersi *****************Roble Fahiye ******************Elmi Roble ******************Jama Elmi ******************Ali Elmi *****************Rage Roble *****************Elmi Rage ******************Wais Rage ******************Geedi Rage ******************Hersi Rage *************Abdalleh Muuse **************Jibirl Abdalle ***************Siad Jibril ****************Wa'eys Siad ****************Abdalle Siad ***************Kalil Jibirl ****************Ali kalil *****************Siad Ali *****************Koshin Ali *****************Arale Ali *****************Osman Ali *****************Boqorreh Ali ***************Saeed Jibril ****************Abdi Said *****************Abdalle Abdi *****************Roble Abdi ***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) ****************Benin Aden *****************Wais Benin *****************Muse Benin *****************Mohamed Benin *****************Samter Benin *****************Nour Benin *****************Ahmed Benin ****************Nour Adan *****************Barre Nour *****************Guled Nour *****************Liban Nour *****************Shirwa Nour *****************Mohamed Nour ****************Ali Aden *****************Mohamed Ali *****************Hussein Ali *****************Ibrahim Ali *****************Omar Ali *****************Osman Ali *****************Khalaf Ali ****************Adan Aden *****************Ahmed Aden *****************Eiye Aden *****************Wais Aden *****************Issa Aden *****************Mohamed Aden *****************Abdille Aden *****************Roble Aden *****************Shire Aden *****************Hassan Aden ****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi) *****************Issa Ali *****************Hussein Ali ******************Jama Hussien *******************Muhumoad Jama *******************Abdillahi Jama *******************Jibril Jama *******************Egal Jama ******************Nour Hussein ******************Roble Hussien ******************Dahir Hussein ******************Wa'ays Hussein ******************Ali Hussein ******************Mohamed Hussein ******************Hersi Hussien *******************Muhumad Hersi *******************Abdi Hersi *******************Ali Hersi *****************Mumin Ali ******************Egal Mumin ******************Ziyad Mumin ******************Wais Mumin ******************Hassan Munin ******************Farah Mumin ******************Essa Mumin ******************Jibril Mumin ******************Urmah Mumin *******************Dhible Urmah *******************Ismail Urmah *****************Naleye Ali ******************Jama Naleye ******************Dualeh Naleye ******************Warfa Naleye ******************Ahmed Naleye ******************Abdi Naleye ******************Jibril Naleye ******************Egal Naleye ******************Arralleh Egal *******************Elmi Aralleh *******************Aw-Jama Arralleh ****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) *****************Ismail Nour ******************Gabal Ismail ******************Abdi Ismail ******************Barre Ismail ******************Musa Ismail ******************Hersi Ismail ******************Aden Ismail ******************Wais Ismail *****************Hersi Nour ******************Hugur Hersi ******************Osman Hersi ******************Bacalul Hersi ******************Ali Hersi ******************Aden Hersi ******************Farah Hersi ******************Warfa Hersi ******************Elmi Hersi *****************Gabal Nour ******************Samater Gabal ******************Dahir Gabal ******************Ahmed Gabal ******************Roble Gabal ******************Warfa Gabal *****************Mohamed Nour ******************Mohamed Omar *******************Hussein Mohamed ********************Wais Husien ********************Hujale Husien ********************Dirie Husien *******************Sharmake Mohamed ********************Roble Sharmake ********************Nour Sharmake ********************Jama Sharmake *********************Hudale Jama *********************Yasin Jama *******************Allale Mohamed ********************Egal Allale *********************Hassan Egal **********************Omar Hassan **********************Ahmed Hassan ****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) *****************Naleye Benin *****************Ahmed Benin *****************Hersi Benin *****************Warfa Benin *****************Samter Benin *****************Abdi Benin *****************Fatah Benin *****************Aden Benin *****************Dirie Benin *****************Farah Benin *****************Dahir Benin *****************Arale Benin *****************Guled Benin *****************Shirwa Benin *****************Abane Benin *****************Abdille Benin *****************Yusuf Benin *****************Arale Benin *****************Roble Benin *****************Osman Benin ****************Abdille Abdi *****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) ******************Ismail Gallab *******************Farah Ismail *******************Idiris Ismail *******************Abdille Ismail *******************Jibirl Ismail *******************Mohamed Ismail *******************Ahmed Ismail *******************Sa'ad Ismail *******************Aden Ismail ******************Asker Gallab *******************Dahir Askar *******************Wais Askar *******************Osman Asker *******************Jama Asker *******************Roble Asker *******************Egal Asker *******************Koshin Asker *****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye) ******************Gulled Eiye *******************Deria Guled ********************Abokor Deria ********************Osman Derie ********************Khalaf Derie ********************Abdalle Deria *******************Kalil Guled ********************Farah Kalil ********************Ali Kalil ********************Hassan Kalil ********************Roble kalil ********************Osman Kalil ********************Aden Kalil ******************Sharmake Eiye *******************Barre Sharmake *******************Omar Sharmake *******************Arrale Sharmake *******************Mohamed Sharmaae *******************Hager Sharmake ********************Farah Hager ********************Geedi Hagar ********************Ziyad Hagar ********************Adan Hagar ********************Boqorre Hagar ********************Elmi Hagar *****************Mohamed Abdille ******************Ahmed Mohamed *******************Samter Ahmed *******************Ziyad Ahmed *******************Mayle Ahmed *******************Elmi Ahmed *******************Warfa Ahmed *******************Geedi Ahmed *******************Amanle Ahmed *******************Food Ahmed *******************Wais Ahmed *******************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh) ********************Ismail Dhible *********************Geedi Ismail *********************Yusuf Ismail *********************Farah Ismail *********************Wais Ismail *********************Hersi Ismail *********************Abdille Ismail *********************Dalal Ismail ********************Barre Dhible *********************Ali Barre *********************Musa Barre *********************Said Barre *********************Wais Barre *********************Yusuf Barre *********************Osman Barre *********************Aden Barre *******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali) ********************Cadad Ali ********************Deria Ali ********************Egal Ali ********************Wa'eys Ali ********************Jibril Ali ********************Roble Ali ********************Suber Ali ********************Osman Ali ********************Egal Ali ********************Abdille Ali ********************kalil Ali *********************Magan kalil *********************Deria Kalil *********************Abdi kalil *********************Aden kalil *********************Yusuf kalil *******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) ********************Derie Gubadleh *********************Ismail Derie *********************Gubtame Derie *********************Nour Derie *********************Mohamoud Derie *********************Omar Derie *********************Dualeh Derie *********************Hussein Derie *********************Wa'ays Derie *********************Yusuf Derie ********************Boqorre Gubdleh *********************Hersi Boqorre *********************Ali Boqorre *********************Abdille Boqorre *********************Hirad Boqorre *********************Asker Boqorre *********************Mohamed Boqorre *********************Aw Hassan Boqorre *********************Ismail Boqorre *********************Shire Boqorre *********************Hashi Boqorre *********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre ************Ahmed Dhimbil *************Musa Ahmed *************Waisleh Ahmed *************Osman Ahmed *************Liban Ahmed *************Abdi Liban **************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) ***************Aden Ismail ***************Iman Ismail ***************Bulale Ismail ***************Geedi Ismail ***************Idiris Ismail ***************Yusuf Ismail ***************Koshin Ismail ***************Hersi Ismail ***************Shirwac Ismail ***************Said Ismail **************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh) ***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarar) ****************Nour Sarar ****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar ****************Farah Sarar ****************Yusuf Sarar ****************Dualeh Sarar ****************Elmi Sarar ***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed ****************Koshin Ahmed ****************Samter Ahmed ****************Uballe Ahmed ****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed ****************Waraf Ahmed ****************Karie Ahmed ****************Mohamed Ahmed **********Aden Abokor ***********( Aden Mohamed) ************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl) *************Abdi Awal **************Had Abdi **************Nour Abdi **************Ahmed Abdi **************Liban Abdi **************Wa'eys Abdi **************Omar Abdi **************Aden Abdi **************Geedi Abdi **************Ibrahim Abdi **************Mohamoud Abdi *************Hassan Aden **************Ziyad Hassan **************Odawa Hasaan **************Ladon Hassan ***************Aden Ladon ****************Herar Ladon ****************Jama Ladon ****************Ali Ladon ****************Fahiye Ladon **************Abdalle Hassan ***************Ali Abdalle ***************Abdi Abdalle ***************Ahmed Abdalle ***************Halas Ahmed ****************Osman Halas ****************Samter Halas ****************Egal Ahmed *****************Wais Egal *****************Madar Egal ****************Geedi Ahmed *****************Samter Geedi *****************Mohamed Geedi *****************Dalal Geedi *****************Fatah Geedi *****************Waisleh Geedi *****************Allamagan Geedi ******************Guled Allamagan ******************Egal Allamagan *****************Hode Geedi ******************Farah Hode ******************Yusuf Hode ******************Geele Geedi *****************Ahmed Geele ******************Dahir Geele ******************Nour Geele *****************Ali Geedi ******************Osman Ali ******************Hassan Ali ******************Abdalle Ali ******************Yusuf Ali ******************Aden Ali {{tree list/end}} {|class="wikitable sortable" |+ Reeraha iyo Qabiilada Beesha Abokor Muuse !Magaca ! class="unsortable" |Tirada Qabiilada !Magacyada Qabiilada !Deegaanka !Sharaxaad Kooban |- | '''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil]]''' ||Afar Reer || *Mucawiye Mohamed *Fatah Mohamed *Guled Mohamed *Musa Mohamed **Cadawe Muse **Aden Muse ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Toon]],[[Salahlay]]. Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad,[[Kaamtuug]],[[kaam Abokor]], [[Iskoyska]] ,[[ Awaare]]. || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || '''[[Ahmed Dhimbil|beesha Axmed dhimbil]] ||Saddex Reer|| *Musa Ahmed *Waisleh Ahmed *Osman Ahmed *Liban Ahmed **Abdi liban ***Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) ***Mohamed Abdi ****Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarar) ***Ahmed(Bedar) Mohamed ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]],[[Salahlay]]. *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad [[Bisad]] ,[[kaam Abokor]], [[Qooryare]],[[Iskoyska]]. || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || '''[[Aden Abokor | Beesha Aden Abokor ]] || Labo Reer|| *Cawal Aden (Reer Cawal) **Mohamoud Awal **Hussein Awal **Abdi Awal *Hassan Aden **Ziyad Hassan **Odawa Hassan **Ladon Hassan **Abdalle Hassan ***Abdi Abdalle ***Ali Abdalle ***Ahmed Abdalle ****Halas Ahmed ****Egal Ahmed ****Geedi Ahmed ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]],,[[Salahlay]], [[Aden Abokor]] *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad ,[[kaam Abokor]] ,[[Iskoyska]] || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || ''' [[Mohamoud Muuse | Beesha Mohamoud Muuse]] || Saddex Reer|| *Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon) *Hildiid Mohamoud **Ali Hildiid **Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi) **Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi) ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Salahlay]], [[ Aden warabe]] *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad [[kaam Abokor]] [[Iskoyska]] || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || ''' [[ Abdalleh Muuse | Beesha Abdalleh Muuse]] || 7 todoba Reer oo balaadhan|| *Saeed jibril **Abdi Said ***Salah Abdi ***Abdalle Abdi *Hersi Jibril **Ahmed Hersi **Abdalle Hersi *kalil jibril (Rer kalil) **Hersi Kalil **Egal Kalil **Wais Kalil **Ali kalil *Aden Jibril (Rer Aadan) **Benin Aden **Nour Aden **Ali Aden **Aden Aden *Abdi Jibril **Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi) ***Issa Ali ***Hussein Ali ***Mumin Ali ***Naleye Ali **Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) ***Ismail Nour ***Gabal Nour ***Hersi Nour ***Mohamed Nour **Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) **Abdille Abdi ***Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) ****Ismail Gallab ****Asker Gallab ***Eiye Abdille (Rer Ciye) ****Gulled Eiye ****Sharmake Eiye ***Mohamed Abdille ****Ahmed Mohamed (Rer Ahmed Mohamed) ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Toon]],[[Salahlay]]. *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad, [[kaam Abokor]], [[Iskoyska]] ,[[Adan warabe ]],[[ Bisad]] ,[[Egal Adani]] , [[Iskoyska]] ,[[Dooxada-Galol fadhiidh]], [[Awaare]],[[Baligubadle]] || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. * waana beesha kowaad ee ugu balaadhan e2o1qwia28w4qwa6tmkz22u1683t9fx 298486 298485 2026-06-12T16:28:59Z ~2026-34537-45 46057 298486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaxda beesha''' waxaan halkan ku soo bandhigaynaa (Clan Tree/Abtirsiinta), waxaana hoos ku faahfaahin doonaa sida ay Reeruhu u kala baxaan, Reeraha ay ka kobanyihiih, iyo Deegaannada ay deggan yihiin ama ay ku fidsan yihiin. <br /> {{Tree list}} *Daoud (Eidagalle) **Muuse Daoud ***Abokor ****Saleiban Abokor *****Mohammad Salieban ******Saleiban Mohamed *******Yousuf Saleiban ********Osman Yusuf ********Said Yusuf ********Mohamed Yusuf *******Aralleh Saleiban ********Ali Arralle ********Saleiban Arralle *********Abokor Saleiban **********Abdalleh Abokor ***********Saleiban Abdalle ************Osman Saleiban *************Waisleh Osman **************Mahamoud Wais **************Arralleh Wais **************Hussein wais **************Saleiban Wais **********Saleiban Abokor ***********Warfa Saleiban ***********Arreh Saleiban ***********Farah Saleiban ***********Mahamoud Saleiban **********Ibrahim Abokor ***********Mohamed Ibrahim ************Jibril Mohamed ************Hussein Mohamed ************Abokor Hussein **********Hassan Abokor ***********Muuse Hassan ***********Laqshe Hassan ***********Basiralle Hassan ***********Salah Hassan ************Egal Salah *************Hassan Egal **************Dhimbil Hassan ************Mohammed Dhimbil *************Musa Mohamed **************Adawe Muuse ***************Absiye Adawe ***************Allamagn Adawe ***************Yusuf Adawe ***************Liban Adawe ***************Roble Adawe ***************Osman Adawe ***************Egal Adawe ***************Wais Adawe **************Aden Muuse ***************Had Adan ***************Roble Aden ***************Abane Aden ***************Ali Aden ***************Wais Aden ***************Burale Aden ***************Geedi Aden ***************Boqorre Aden ****************Sugulle Boqore ****************Liban Boqorre ****************Warfa Boqorre ****************Koshin Boqorre ****************Shiekhdon Boqorre *************Mucawiye Mohamed **************Samter Muawiye **************Ali Muawiye *************Fatah Mohamed **************Awarre Fatah **************Mohamed Fatah **************Said Fatah **************Hassan Fatah **************Cisman Fatah *************Gulled Mohamed **************Hussein Guled **************Egal Guled **************Yusuf Guled **************Roble Guled **************Abdi Guled **************Elmi Guled **************Samater Guled ************Muuse Dhimbil *************Mahamoud Muuse **************Shirdon Mohamoud ***************Hamud Shirdon ***************Shirdon Mohamoud ***************Hamud Shirdon ***************Jama Shirdon ***************Geele Shirdon ***************Osman Shirdon ***************Egal Shirdon ***************Wais Shirdon ***************Farah Shirdon ***************Roble Shirdon ***************Samter Shirdon ***************Yusuf Shirdon ***************Guled Shirdon **************Hildiid Mohamoud ***************Ali Hildiid ***************Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi) ****************Odawa Geedi *****************Odawa Odawa *****************Mahamoud Odawa ****************Geele Geedi ****************Nour(Shire) Geedi ****************Haji Dirie Geedi ****************Samter Geedi ****************Ahmed Geedi ****************Ali Geedi ****************Roble Geedi ***************Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi) ****************Ali Hersi ****************Guled Hersi ****************Egal Hersi ****************Aden Hersi ****************Mahamoud Hersi ****************Fahiye Hersi *****************Roble Fahiye ******************Elmi Roble ******************Jama Elmi ******************Ali Elmi *****************Rage Roble *****************Elmi Rage ******************Wais Rage ******************Geedi Rage ******************Hersi Rage *************Abdalleh Muuse **************Jibirl Abdalle ***************Siad Jibril ****************Wa'eys Siad ****************Abdalle Siad ***************Kalil Jibirl ****************Ali kalil *****************Siad Ali *****************Koshin Ali *****************Arale Ali *****************Osman Ali *****************Boqorreh Ali ***************Saeed Jibril ****************Abdi Said *****************Abdalle Abdi *****************Roble Abdi ***************Aden Jibril (Rer Adan) ****************Benin Aden *****************Wais Benin *****************Muse Benin *****************Mohamed Benin *****************Samter Benin *****************Nour Benin *****************Ahmed Benin ****************Nour Adan *****************Barre Nour *****************Guled Nour *****************Liban Nour *****************Shirwa Nour *****************Mohamed Nour ****************Ali Aden *****************Mohamed Ali *****************Hussein Ali *****************Ibrahim Ali *****************Omar Ali *****************Osman Ali *****************Khalaf Ali ****************Adan Aden *****************Ahmed Aden *****************Eiye Aden *****************Wais Aden *****************Issa Aden *****************Mohamed Aden *****************Abdille Aden *****************Roble Aden *****************Shire Aden *****************Hassan Aden ****************Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi) *****************Issa Ali *****************Hussein Ali ******************Jama Hussien *******************Muhumoad Jama *******************Abdillahi Jama *******************Jibril Jama *******************Egal Jama ******************Nour Hussein ******************Roble Hussien ******************Dahir Hussein ******************Wa'ays Hussein ******************Ali Hussein ******************Mohamed Hussein ******************Hersi Hussien *******************Muhumad Hersi *******************Abdi Hersi *******************Ali Hersi *****************Mumin Ali ******************Egal Mumin ******************Ziyad Mumin ******************Wais Mumin ******************Hassan Munin ******************Farah Mumin ******************Essa Mumin ******************Jibril Mumin ******************Urmah Mumin *******************Dhible Urmah *******************Ismail Urmah *****************Naleye Ali ******************Jama Naleye ******************Dualeh Naleye ******************Warfa Naleye ******************Ahmed Naleye ******************Abdi Naleye ******************Jibril Naleye ******************Egal Naleye ******************Arralleh Egal *******************Elmi Aralleh *******************Aw-Jama Arralleh ****************Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) *****************Ismail Nour ******************Gabal Ismail ******************Abdi Ismail ******************Barre Ismail ******************Musa Ismail ******************Hersi Ismail ******************Aden Ismail ******************Wais Ismail *****************Hersi Nour ******************Hugur Hersi ******************Osman Hersi ******************Bacalul Hersi ******************Ali Hersi ******************Aden Hersi ******************Farah Hersi ******************Warfa Hersi ******************Elmi Hersi *****************Gabal Nour ******************Samater Gabal ******************Dahir Gabal ******************Ahmed Gabal ******************Roble Gabal ******************Warfa Gabal *****************Mohamed Nour ******************Mohamed Omar *******************Hussein Mohamed ********************Wais Husien ********************Hujale Husien ********************Dirie Husien *******************Sharmake Mohamed ********************Roble Sharmake ********************Nour Sharmake ********************Jama Sharmake *********************Hudale Jama *********************Yasin Jama *******************Allale Mohamed ********************Egal Allale *********************Hassan Egal **********************Omar Hassan **********************Ahmed Hassan ****************Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) *****************Naleye Benin *****************Ahmed Benin *****************Hersi Benin *****************Warfa Benin *****************Samter Benin *****************Abdi Benin *****************Fatah Benin *****************Aden Benin *****************Dirie Benin *****************Farah Benin *****************Dahir Benin *****************Arale Benin *****************Guled Benin *****************Shirwa Benin *****************Abane Benin *****************Abdille Benin *****************Yusuf Benin *****************Arale Benin *****************Roble Benin *****************Osman Benin ****************Abdille Abdi *****************Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) ******************Ismail Gallab *******************Farah Ismail *******************Idiris Ismail *******************Abdille Ismail *******************Jibirl Ismail *******************Mohamed Ismail *******************Ahmed Ismail *******************Sa'ad Ismail *******************Aden Ismail ******************Asker Gallab *******************Dahir Askar *******************Wais Askar *******************Osman Asker *******************Jama Asker *******************Roble Asker *******************Egal Asker *******************Koshin Asker *****************Eiae Abdille (Rer Eiye) ******************Gulled Eiye *******************Deria Guled ********************Abokor Deria ********************Osman Derie ********************Khalaf Derie ********************Abdalle Deria *******************Kalil Guled ********************Farah Kalil ********************Ali Kalil ********************Hassan Kalil ********************Roble kalil ********************Osman Kalil ********************Aden Kalil ******************Sharmake Eiye *******************Barre Sharmake *******************Omar Sharmake *******************Arrale Sharmake *******************Mohamed Sharmaae *******************Hager Sharmake ********************Farah Hager ********************Geedi Hagar ********************Ziyad Hagar ********************Adan Hagar ********************Boqorre Hagar ********************Elmi Hagar *****************Mohamed Abdille ******************Ahmed Mohamed *******************Samter Ahmed *******************Ziyad Ahmed *******************Mayle Ahmed *******************Elmi Ahmed *******************Warfa Ahmed *******************Geedi Ahmed *******************Amanle Ahmed *******************Food Ahmed *******************Wais Ahmed *******************Dhible Ahmed (Rer Dhibleh) ********************Ismail Dhible *********************Geedi Ismail *********************Yusuf Ismail *********************Farah Ismail *********************Wais Ismail *********************Hersi Ismail *********************Abdille Ismail *********************Dalal Ismail ********************Barre Dhible *********************Ali Barre *********************Musa Barre *********************Said Barre *********************Wais Barre *********************Yusuf Barre *********************Osman Barre *********************Aden Barre *******************Ali Ahmed (Rer Ali) ********************Cadad Ali ********************Deria Ali ********************Egal Ali ********************Wa'eys Ali ********************Jibril Ali ********************Roble Ali ********************Suber Ali ********************Osman Ali ********************Egal Ali ********************Abdille Ali ********************kalil Ali *********************Magan kalil *********************Deria Kalil *********************Abdi kalil *********************Aden kalil *********************Yusuf kalil *******************Gubadleh Ahmed (Rer Gubadleh) ********************Derie Gubadleh *********************Ismail Derie *********************Gubtame Derie *********************Nour Derie *********************Mohamoud Derie *********************Omar Derie *********************Dualeh Derie *********************Hussein Derie *********************Wa'ays Derie *********************Yusuf Derie ********************Boqorre Gubdleh *********************Hersi Boqorre *********************Ali Boqorre *********************Abdille Boqorre *********************Hirad Boqorre *********************Asker Boqorre *********************Mohamed Boqorre *********************Aw Hassan Boqorre *********************Ismail Boqorre *********************Shire Boqorre *********************Hashi Boqorre *********************Mohamoud (Bahnan) Boqorre ************Ahmed Dhimbil *************Musa Ahmed *************Waisleh Ahmed *************Osman Ahmed *************Liban Ahmed *************Abdi Liban **************Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) ***************Aden Ismail ***************Iman Ismail ***************Bulale Ismail ***************Geedi Ismail ***************Idiris Ismail ***************Yusuf Ismail ***************Koshin Ismail ***************Hersi Ismail ***************Shirwac Ismail ***************Said Ismail **************Mohammed Abdi (Addeh) ***************Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarar) ****************Nour Sarar ****************Mohamed(Hersi) Sarar ****************Farah Sarar ****************Yusuf Sarar ****************Dualeh Sarar ****************Elmi Sarar ***************Ahmed(Bedar)Mohamed ****************Koshin Ahmed ****************Samter Ahmed ****************Uballe Ahmed ****************Hurie (Egal) Ahmed ****************Waraf Ahmed ****************Karie Ahmed ****************Mohamed Ahmed **********Aden Abokor ***********( Aden Mohamed) ************Awal Aden (Rer Cawl) *************Abdi Awal **************Had Abdi **************Nour Abdi **************Ahmed Abdi **************Liban Abdi **************Wa'eys Abdi **************Omar Abdi **************Aden Abdi **************Geedi Abdi **************Ibrahim Abdi **************Mohamoud Abdi *************Hassan Aden **************Ziyad Hassan **************Odawa Hasaan **************Ladon Hassan ***************Aden Ladon ****************Herar Ladon ****************Jama Ladon ****************Ali Ladon ****************Fahiye Ladon **************Abdalle Hassan ***************Ali Abdalle ***************Abdi Abdalle ***************Ahmed Abdalle ***************Halas Ahmed ****************Osman Halas ****************Samter Halas ****************Egal Ahmed *****************Wais Egal *****************Madar Egal ****************Geedi Ahmed *****************Samter Geedi *****************Mohamed Geedi *****************Dalal Geedi *****************Fatah Geedi *****************Waisleh Geedi *****************Allamagan Geedi ******************Guled Allamagan ******************Egal Allamagan *****************Hode Geedi ******************Farah Hode ******************Yusuf Hode ******************Geele Geedi *****************Ahmed Geele ******************Dahir Geele ******************Nour Geele *****************Ali Geedi ******************Osman Ali ******************Hassan Ali ******************Abdalle Ali ******************Yusuf Ali ******************Aden Ali {{tree list/end}} {|class="wikitable sortable" |+ Reeraha iyo Qabiilada Beesha Abokor Muuse !Magaca ! class="unsortable" |Tirada Qabiilada !Magacyada Qabiilada !Deegaanka !Sharaxaad Kooban |- | '''[[Beesha Mohamed Dhimbil]]''' ||Afar Reer || *Mucawiye Mohamed *Fatah Mohamed *Guled Mohamed *Musa Mohamed **Cadawe Muse **Aden Muse ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Toon]],[[Salahlay]]. Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad,[[Kaamtuug]],[[kaam Abokor]], [[Iskoyska]] ,[[ Awaare]]. || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || '''[[Ahmed Dhimbil|beesha Axmed dhimbil]] ||Saddex Reer|| *Musa Ahmed *Waisleh Ahmed *Osman Ahmed *Liban Ahmed **Abdi liban ***Ismail Abdi (Rer Ismail) ***Mohamed Abdi ****Sarar Mohamed (Rer Sarar) ***Ahmed(Bedar) Mohamed ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]],[[Salahlay]]. *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad [[Bisad]] ,[[kaam Abokor]], [[Qooryare]],[[Iskoyska]]. || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || '''[[Aden Abokor | Beesha Aden Abokor ]] || Labo Reer|| *Cawal Aden (Reer Cawal) **Mohamoud Awal **Hussein Awal **Abdi Awal *Hassan Aden **Ziyad Hassan **Odawa Hassan **Ladon Hassan **Abdalle Hassan ***Abdi Abdalle ***Ali Abdalle ***Ahmed Abdalle ****Halas Ahmed ****Egal Ahmed ****Geedi Ahmed ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]],,[[Salahlay]], [[Aden Abokor]] *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad ,[[kaam Abokor]] ,[[Iskoyska]] || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || ''' [[Mohamoud Muuse | Beesha Mohamoud Muuse]] || Saddex Reer|| *Shirdon Mohamoud (Rer Shirdon) *Hildiid Mohamoud **Ali Hildiid **Geedi Hildiid (Rer Geedi) **Hersi Hildiid (Rer Hersi) ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Salahlay]], [[ Aden warabe]] *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad [[kaam Abokor]] [[Iskoyska]] || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. |- | | | | | |- || ''' [[ Abdalleh Muuse | Beesha Abdalleh Muuse]] || 7 todoba Reer oo balaadhan|| *Saeed jibril **Abdi Said ***Salah Abdi ***Abdalle Abdi *Hersi Jibril **Ahmed Hersi **Abdalle Hersi *kalil jibril (Rer kalil) **Hersi Kalil **Egal Kalil **Wais Kalil **Ali kalil *Aden Jibril (Rer Aadan) **Benin Aden **Nour Aden **Ali Aden **Aden Aden *Abdi Jibril **Ali Abdi (Rer Ali Abdi) ***Issa Ali ***Hussein Ali ***Mumin Ali ***Naleye Ali **Nour Abdi (Rer Nuur) ***Ismail Nour ***Gabal Nour ***Hersi Nour ***Mohamed Nour **Benin Abdi (Rer Benin) **Abdille Abdi ***Gallab Abdille (Rer Gallab) ****Ismail Gallab ****Asker Gallab ***Eiye Abdille (Rer Ciye) ****Gulled Eiye ****Sharmake Eiye ***Mohamed Abdille ****Ahmed Mohamed (Rer Ahmed Mohamed) ||Dalka [[Somaliland]]: *Magalada [[Hargeysa]],[[Qoolcaday]] ,[[Toon]],[[Salahlay]]. *Dalka [[Itoobiya]]: *magaalad, [[kaam Abokor]], [[Iskoyska]] ,[[Adan warabe ]],[[ Bisad]] ,[[Egal Adani]] , [[Iskoyska]] ,[[Dooxada-Galol fadhiidh]], [[Awaare]]. || * Waa tiir ka mid ah afarta tiir ee Beesha. * waana beesha kowaad ee ugu balaadhan runx7kunln9mj0va1cfn25hjk72oywb 0 43949 298509 297179 2026-06-13T11:04:16Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 298509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Horific title in the Hareri and Somali languages}} '''Aw''' (Af-Harari: ኣው ''Āw''; mararka qaarkoodna loo qoro ''Au'') waa magac sharafeed laga isticmaalo afafka Harari iyo Soomaaliga. Waxaa caadi ahaan loogu yeeraa aabbe, oday la ixtiraamo ama awliyo. Magacan sharafeed ayaa si weyn looga isticmaalaa afafka Harariga iyo Soomaaliga, gaar ahaan dhulka Soomaalida. ==Asalka Ereyga== Sida uu sheegay af-yaqaanka Edward Ullendorff, ereyga '''Aw''' wuxuu xiriir la leeyahay erayga Semitiga hore ee '''Ab''', oo macnihiisu yahay “aabbe”. Sida uu qabo Giorgio Banti, ereygan waxaa qabiillo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ka soo amaahdeen afka Harariga. ==Taariikh== Intii uu cilmi-baaris ku samaynayay magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Amud, taariikhyahanka G.W.B. Huntingford wuxuu arkay in goobaha qadiimiga ah ee magacyadoodu ku bilaabmaan '''Aw''' ay badanaa tilmaamayaan meel lagu aasay awliyo ama wadaad deegaanka caan ka ahaa. Tusaalooyinka waxaa ka mid ah Awbare iyo Awbube. Magaca '''Aw''' waxaa si gaar ah loogu adeegsaday Aw Abadir, oo dhaqanka Harariga lagu xuso inuu ahaa aasaasihii magaalada Harar. Sida ay qabaan qabiilka Geledi ee koonfurta Soomaaliya, magaca '''Aw''' wuxuu ahaa magac sharafeed si taxaddar leh loogu isticmaali jiray xiriirka bulshada. Sidoo kale, sixir-yaqaannada Arsi Oromo waxaa loo yaqaan ''Awan Shan'', magac laga soo dheegtay '''Aw'''. ==Dadka Caanka ah ee Xambaarsanaa Magaca Aw== * Aw Barkhadle — Awliyo caan ah. * Aw Barre — Awliyo xilligii Dawladdii Adal. * Aw Buba — Awliyo ka hor xilligii Ifat. * Aw Abdal (Idal) — Awliyo. * Aw Ali Hamdogn — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Abadir — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Umar Ziad — Awliyo. * Aw Ansaar — Awliyo. * Aw Hashim — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Seid Ali — Awliyo. * Aw Sofi Yahya — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Khutub — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Qurrabe Limay — Awliyo. ==Sidoo Kale Eeg== * Awliyo * Harari * Harar * Soomaali ==Tixraac== [[Category:Magacyo sharafeed]] [[Category:Dhaqanka Soomaalida]] [[Category:Afka Soomaaliga]] kva3p6mw6d7qa71cw7u93xb1y3j138k 298510 298509 2026-06-13T11:05:55Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* Tixraac */ 298510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Horific title in the Hareri and Somali languages}} '''Aw''' (Af-Harari: ኣው ''Āw''; mararka qaarkoodna loo qoro ''Au'') waa magac sharafeed laga isticmaalo afafka Harari iyo Soomaaliga. Waxaa caadi ahaan loogu yeeraa aabbe, oday la ixtiraamo ama awliyo. Magacan sharafeed ayaa si weyn looga isticmaalaa afafka Harariga iyo Soomaaliga, gaar ahaan dhulka Soomaalida. ==Asalka Ereyga== Sida uu sheegay af-yaqaanka Edward Ullendorff, ereyga '''Aw''' wuxuu xiriir la leeyahay erayga Semitiga hore ee '''Ab''', oo macnihiisu yahay “aabbe”. Sida uu qabo Giorgio Banti, ereygan waxaa qabiillo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ka soo amaahdeen afka Harariga. ==Taariikh== Intii uu cilmi-baaris ku samaynayay magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Amud, taariikhyahanka G.W.B. Huntingford wuxuu arkay in goobaha qadiimiga ah ee magacyadoodu ku bilaabmaan '''Aw''' ay badanaa tilmaamayaan meel lagu aasay awliyo ama wadaad deegaanka caan ka ahaa. Tusaalooyinka waxaa ka mid ah Awbare iyo Awbube. Magaca '''Aw''' waxaa si gaar ah loogu adeegsaday Aw Abadir, oo dhaqanka Harariga lagu xuso inuu ahaa aasaasihii magaalada Harar. Sida ay qabaan qabiilka Geledi ee koonfurta Soomaaliya, magaca '''Aw''' wuxuu ahaa magac sharafeed si taxaddar leh loogu isticmaali jiray xiriirka bulshada. Sidoo kale, sixir-yaqaannada Arsi Oromo waxaa loo yaqaan ''Awan Shan'', magac laga soo dheegtay '''Aw'''. ==Dadka Caanka ah ee Xambaarsanaa Magaca Aw== * Aw Barkhadle — Awliyo caan ah. * Aw Barre — Awliyo xilligii Dawladdii Adal. * Aw Buba — Awliyo ka hor xilligii Ifat. * Aw Abdal (Idal) — Awliyo. * Aw Ali Hamdogn — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Abadir — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Umar Ziad — Awliyo. * Aw Ansaar — Awliyo. * Aw Hashim — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Seid Ali — Awliyo. * Aw Sofi Yahya — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Khutub — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Qurrabe Limay — Awliyo. ==Sidoo Kale Eeg== * Awliyo * Harari * Harar * Soomaali ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ===Ilaha=== {{cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=I. M. |title=Saints and Somalis : popular Islam in a clan-based society |date=1998 |publisher=Red Sea Press |location=Lawrenceville, N.J. |isbn=9781569021033}} [[Category:Magacyo sharafeed]] [[Category:Dhaqanka Soomaalida]] [[Category:Afka Soomaaliga]] mcdd27y4cdwnxixy2hk4tgs3xhsfkiv 298511 298510 2026-06-13T11:08:33Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Horific title in the Harari and Somali languages}} '''Aw''' (Af-Harari: ኣው ''Āw''; mararka qaarkoodna loo qoro ''Au'') waa magac sharafeed laga isticmaalo afafka Harari iyo [[Soomaali]]ga. Waxaa caadi ahaan loogu yeeraa aabbe, [[oday]] la ixtiraamo ama awliyo. Magacan sharafeed ayaa si weyn looga isticmaalaa afafka Harariga iyo Soomaaliga, gaar ahaan dhulka [[Soomaalida]]. ==Asalka Ereyga== Sida uu sheegay af-yaqaanka Edward Ullendorff, ereyga '''Aw''' wuxuu xiriir la leeyahay erayga Semitiga hore ee '''Ab''', oo macnihiisu yahay “aabbe”. Sida uu qabo Giorgio Banti, ereygan waxaa qabiillo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ka soo amaahdeen afka Harariga. ==Taariikh== Intii uu cilmi-baaris ku samaynayay magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Amud, taariikhyahanka G.W.B. Huntingford wuxuu arkay in goobaha qadiimiga ah ee magacyadoodu ku bilaabmaan '''Aw''' ay badanaa tilmaamayaan meel lagu aasay awliyo ama wadaad deegaanka caan ka ahaa. Tusaalooyinka waxaa ka mid ah Awbare iyo Awbube. Magaca '''Aw''' waxaa si gaar ah loogu adeegsaday Aw Abadir, oo dhaqanka Harariga lagu xuso inuu ahaa aasaasihii magaalada Harar. Sida ay qabaan qabiilka Geledi ee koonfurta Soomaaliya, magaca '''Aw''' wuxuu ahaa magac sharafeed si taxaddar leh loogu isticmaali jiray xiriirka bulshada. Sidoo kale, sixir-yaqaannada Arsi Oromo waxaa loo yaqaan ''Awan Shan'', magac laga soo dheegtay '''Aw'''. ==Dadka Caanka ah ee Xambaarsanaa Magaca Aw== * Aw Barkhadle — Awliyo caan ah. * Aw Barre — Awliyo xilligii Dawladdii Adal. * Aw Buba — Awliyo ka hor xilligii Ifat. * Aw Abdal (Idal) — Awliyo. * Aw Ali Hamdogn — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Abadir — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Umar Ziad — Awliyo. * Aw Ansaar — Awliyo. * Aw Hashim — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Seid Ali — Awliyo. * Aw Sofi Yahya — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Khutub — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Qurrabe Limay — Awliyo. ==Sidoo Kale Eeg== * Awliyo * Harari * Harar * Soomaali ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ===Ilaha=== {{cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=I. M. |title=Saints and Somalis : popular Islam in a clan-based society |date=1998 |publisher=Red Sea Press |location=Lawrenceville, N.J. |isbn=9781569021033}} [[Category:Magacyo sharafeed]] [[Category:Dhaqanka Soomaalida]] [[Category:Afka Soomaaliga]] q39dbtks354b37vnh8jdlx6egqlxcx3 298512 298511 2026-06-13T11:11:39Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* Dadka Caanka ah ee Xambaarsanaa Magaca Aw */ 298512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Horific title in the Harari and Somali languages}} '''Aw''' (Af-Harari: ኣው ''Āw''; mararka qaarkoodna loo qoro ''Au'') waa magac sharafeed laga isticmaalo afafka Harari iyo [[Soomaali]]ga. Waxaa caadi ahaan loogu yeeraa aabbe, [[oday]] la ixtiraamo ama awliyo. Magacan sharafeed ayaa si weyn looga isticmaalaa afafka Harariga iyo Soomaaliga, gaar ahaan dhulka [[Soomaalida]]. ==Asalka Ereyga== Sida uu sheegay af-yaqaanka Edward Ullendorff, ereyga '''Aw''' wuxuu xiriir la leeyahay erayga Semitiga hore ee '''Ab''', oo macnihiisu yahay “aabbe”. Sida uu qabo Giorgio Banti, ereygan waxaa qabiillo badan oo Soomaaliyeed ka soo amaahdeen afka Harariga. ==Taariikh== Intii uu cilmi-baaris ku samaynayay magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Amud, taariikhyahanka G.W.B. Huntingford wuxuu arkay in goobaha qadiimiga ah ee magacyadoodu ku bilaabmaan '''Aw''' ay badanaa tilmaamayaan meel lagu aasay awliyo ama wadaad deegaanka caan ka ahaa. Tusaalooyinka waxaa ka mid ah Awbare iyo Awbube. Magaca '''Aw''' waxaa si gaar ah loogu adeegsaday Aw Abadir, oo dhaqanka Harariga lagu xuso inuu ahaa aasaasihii magaalada Harar. Sida ay qabaan qabiilka Geledi ee koonfurta Soomaaliya, magaca '''Aw''' wuxuu ahaa magac sharafeed si taxaddar leh loogu isticmaali jiray xiriirka bulshada. Sidoo kale, sixir-yaqaannada Arsi Oromo waxaa loo yaqaan ''Awan Shan'', magac laga soo dheegtay '''Aw'''. ==Dadka Caanka ah ee Xambaarsanaa Magaca Aw== * Aw Barkhadle — Awliyo caan ah. * Aw Barre — Awliyo xilligii Dawladdii Cadal. * Aw Buba — Awliyo ka hor xilligii Ifaat. * Aw Abdal (Idal) — Awliyo. * Aw Cali Hamdogn — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Abaadir — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Cumar Siyaad — Awliyo. * Aw Ansaar — Awliyo. * Aw Haashim — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Saciid Ali — Awliyo. * Aw Soofi Yaxya — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Khudub — Caalim iyo awliyo. * Aw Qurrabe Limay — Awliyo. ==Sidoo Kale Eeg== * Awliyo * Harari * Harar * Soomaali ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ===Ilaha=== {{cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=I. M. |title=Saints and Somalis : popular Islam in a clan-based society |date=1998 |publisher=Red Sea Press |location=Lawrenceville, N.J. |isbn=9781569021033}} [[Category:Magacyo sharafeed]] [[Category:Dhaqanka Soomaalida]] [[Category:Afka Soomaaliga]] awaixl28c6ijqf4uh2ipghca6ukvbew 0 44399 298507 289265 2026-06-13T10:31:30Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 298507 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Imaamnimada]] [[Af-Carabi]] (إمامة), [[Af-Ingiriis]] (Imamate) waa nidaam dowladeed oo [[Islaam]]i ah, kaas oo madaxa ugu sarreeya uu yahay [[Imaam]]. Nidaamkan wuxuu isku daraa hogaamin [[diin]]eed iyo siyaasadeed, iyadoo go’aannada dowliga ah lagu saleeyo shareecada [[Islaam]]ka. == Imaamka == [[Imaam]]ka waa hogaamiyaha ugu sarreeya ee [[Imaamnimada]]. Mas'uuliyadiisu waa laba dhinac oo muhiim ah: 1. Arrimaha [[diin]]ta * Hagidda bulshada si waafaqsan shareecada [[Islaam]]ka. * Dhiirrigelinta waxbarashada [[diin]]ed iyo dhaqanka [[Islaam]]iga ah. * Xalinta khilaafaadka [[diin]]eed iyo la-talin bulsho. 2. Arrimaha siyaasadda * Hogaaminta maamulka iyo fulinta siyaasadaha dowladda. * Ilaalinta sharciga iyo nidaamka [[Islaam]]iga ah. * Ka shaqeynta horumarinta bulshada iyo sugidda amaanka guud. == Astaamaha Nidaamka == * Hogaamiyaha ugu sarreeya waa [[Imaam]], oo isku haya awood [[diin]]eed iyo mid siyaasadeed. * Waxaa jira golayaal talo-bixin iyo fulin oo ka qayb qaata maamulka iyo go’aan qaadashada. * Nidaamku wuxuu dhiirrigeliyaa waxbarashada, ilaalinta nabadda iyo [[horumar]]inta bulshada. * Xilka ugu sarreeya ee [[Imaam]]nimada waxaa lagu helaa dhaxaltooyo. Waalidka ayaa u gudbiya caruurtiisa, xubin ka tirsan qoyskiisa ama xigtadiisa. == Saameynta Bulshada == Imaamnimadu waxay bulshada u fududeysaa helitaanka nidaam caddaalad ku dhisan oo [[Islaam]]i ah, isla markaana dhiirrigeliya [[horumar]], [[waxbarasho]] iyo ilaalinta qiyamka [[diin]]ta iyo dhaqanka suubban. ==Tixraac== pqr4ynqbrxkarbjft2hcpcdyoop1yo0 0 45518 298498 291519 2026-06-13T04:16:03Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = Jan Spies | image = | caption = | birth_name = Johannes Petrus Spies | birth_date = {{birth date|1936|06|30|df=yes}} | birth_place = The farm Sekretarispan, [[Mariental, Namibia]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|1996|1|4|1936|6|30|df=yes}} | death_place = [[Windhoek]], Namibia | resting_place = | occupation = Qoraa | alma_mater = | genre = Majaajilo, majaajilo | spouse = Beatrice Spies | children = Barend Spies, Willem Spies }} '''Johannes Petrus Spies''' (30 Juun 1936 - 4 Janaayo 1996) wuxuu ahaa qoraa Namibia ah iyo sheeko-yaqaan caan ah. Isagoo garab socda PG du Plessis wuxuu ahaa soo-jeediyaha barnaamijka telefishinka caanka ah ee Spies en Plessie - met permissie , wuxuuna martigeliyay shakhsiyaadka sida Tolla van der Merwe , Koos Meyer, Danny Pretorius, Nico Nel iyo Pyp de Villiers. ==Nolosha iyo shaqada== Basaasku waxa uu ku dhashay 30 June 1936 beerta Sekretarispan ee degmada Mariental ee Koonfur Galbeed Afrika iyada oo ugu da'da saddex carruur ah oo leh laba gabdhood oo ka yar Aabihii wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid Standerton , hooyadiisna waxay ka timid Willowmore ee Koonfur Afrika. Waalidkii waxay u haajireen Koonfur Galbeed Afrika dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka kadib markii ay Koonfur Afrika la wareegtay maamulka Koonfur Galbeed Afrika. Waxay dawladda ka heleen dhul jaban oo ay ku beeran karaan. Ilaa heerka afaraad, wuxuu dhiganayay dugsiga beeraha ee Stampriet , kaas oo ugu horreyntii loogu talagalay in carruurta la siiyo tababaro beeraha. Waxa uu xirfaddiisa dugsiga hoose ku dhammaystay Windhoek oo uu ku qaatay 1955 dugsiga sare ee Windhoek . Intaa ka dib waxa uu markii ugu horaysay ka bartay cilmiga cilmiga fiqiga, kadibna suugaanta waxa uu ka bartay jaamacada Pretoria , halkaas oo 1959kii uu tafatire ka ahaa majaladda ardayda ee Die Perdeby oo uu sidoo kale ka soo shaqeeyay golaha ardayda. Isagoo jooga Afrikaanse Studenebond Kunsfees wuxuu ku guuleystey abaalmarinta koowaad isagoo ah rinjiile muuqaal ah 1961kiina wuxuu ku guuleystey koobkii Wolnit isagoo hadal ah. Waxa uu haystaa shahaadada BA iyo BA Honors degree. Shahaadada sharafta kadib wuxuu iska diiwaan galiyay waaxda waxbarashada ee Transvaal isagoo macalin ah. Sannadkii 1962kii waxa uu ku qaatay shahaadada MA ee suugaanta Afrikaanka isaga oo ka qaatay dissertation ku saabsan ' n Stilistiese analise van' Ringdans van die hamerkoppe' van DJ Opperman . Wuxuu guursaday Beatrice 1961, oo uu kula kulmay heerka sideedaad ee dugsiga sare, waxayna u dhasheen laba wiil, Barend iyo Willem. ==Tixraac== [https://web.archive.org/web/20200929175949/https://www.rsgplus.org/top-stories/jan-spies-stories-gaan-grendelvoos-luisteraars-lawe/ "Jan Spies-lafenis vir grendelvoos luisteraars"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20200922193548/https://www.kraaluitgewers.co.za/30-junie-1938-legendariese-storieverteller-jan-spies-gebore/ "30 Junie 1938 - Legendariese storieverteller Jan Spies gebore - Kraal Uitgewers"] http://gelofteland.org/index.php/ons-volk/23-kultuurdagboek/1073-1936-jan-spies-se-nalatenskap.html {{Wayback|url=http://gelofteland.org/index.php/ons-volk/23-kultuurdagboek/1073-1936-jan-spies-se-nalatenskap.html |date=20250220131851 }} hwzw6pdltatq57yy0uw1eo8kga5s7bx 0 45805 298491 291958 2026-06-13T01:50:42Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Dalene Matthee | image = | caption = Matthee | birth_name = Dalene Scott | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1938|10|13}} | birth_place = [[Riversdale, Western Cape]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2005|02|20|1938|10|13}} | death_place = [[Mossel Bay]], [[Western Cape]] | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = Koonfur Afrika | other_names = | known_for = | education = | employer = | occupation = Qoraa | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | boards = | spouse = | children = 3 | parents = | relatives = [[Walter Scott|Sir Walter Scott]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bainbridge |first=James |title=Step back in time in South Africa’s Garden Route |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20130212-step-back-in-time-in-south-africas-garden-route |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Timeline of her life |url=https://www.dalenematthee.co.za/en/biography/timeline-of-her-life/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Dalene Matthee |language=en-ZA |archive-date=2023-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420044838/https://www.dalenematthee.co.za/en/biography/timeline-of-her-life/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Dalene Matthee''' (13 Oktoobar 1938 - 20 Febraayo 2005) waxay ahayd qoraa Koonfur Afrikaan ah oo si fiican loogu yaqaanay afarteeda "Sheekooyin Kaynta", oo lagu qoray gudaha iyo hareeraha Kaynta Knysna Buugaagteeda waxaa loo turjumay afar iyo toban luqadood, oo ay ku jiraan Ingiriis, Faransiis , Jarmal , Isbaanish , Talyaani , Cibraani iyo Icelandic , in ka badan hal milyan oo nuqul ayaa laga iibiyay adduunka oo dhan. ==Taariikh Nololeed== Waxay ku dhalatay Dalena Scott magaalada Riversdale ee gobolka Cape sanadkii 1938. Ka dib markii ay ka qalin jabisay dugsiga sare ee deegaanka sanadkii 1957, waxay ku baratay muusikada machadka muusikada ee Oudtshoorn iyo sidoo kale Kaniisadda Holy Cross ee Graaff-Reinet Buuggeedii ugu horreeyay wuxuu ahaa sheeko carruureed, Die Twaalfuurstokkie (The Twelve-o'-clock Stick), oo la daabacay 1970. Sannadkii 1982-kii waxaa sidoo kale la daabacay ururin sheekooyin gaagaaban oo la yiraahdo Die Judasbok (The Judas Goat). Kahor inta aysan caan ka noqon oo ay si ballaaran u amaanto "sheekodeedii ugu horreysay ee kaynta", waxay sidoo kale sheekooyin u qortay majaladaha iyo sidoo kale laba sheeko oo caan ah - ' n Huis vir Nadia (A House for Nadia) (1982) iyo Petronella van Aarde, Burgemeester (Petronella van Aarde, Mayor) (1983). ==Tixraac== [https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20130212-step-back-in-time-in-south-africas-garden-route "Dib ugu noqo waqtigii Waddada Beerta Koonfur Afrika"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140320230331/http://mieliestronk.com/skryfdmatthee.html "Skrywer Dalene Matthee"] 57vyqz0ztm231efk2lrisv45mkeyfy1 0 47119 298492 295001 2026-06-13T02:14:03Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Domingo Massaro | image = | caption = | full_name = Domingo Massaro Conley | birth_date = {{birth date|1927|8|28|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Iquique]], [[Presidential Republic (1925–1973)|Chile]] | death_date = {{death date and age|2025|3|6|1927|8|28|df=y}} | death_place = [[Santiago]], Chile | position = [[Midfielder|Khadka dhexe]] | youthyears1 = | youthclubs1 = Sportiva Italiana | years1 = 194? –1952 | clubs1 = Sportiva Italiana | years2 = | clubs2 = [[Audax Italiano]] | nationalyears1 = 1951 | nationalteam1 = [[Chile national football team|Chile B]] | nationalyears2 = 1952 | nationalteam2 = [[Chile Olympic football team|Chile Olympic]] | nationalcaps2 = 1 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Ragga [[association football|kubbadda cagta]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{CHI}}}} {{MedalCompetition| [[Football at the Pan American Games|Ciyaaraha Pan American]]}} {{MedalBronze| [[Football at the 1951 Pan American Games|1951 Buenos Aires]] | [[Football at the 1951 Pan American Games#Medalists|Kooxda]]}} }} ​'''Domingo Massaro Conley''' (28 Agoosto 1927 – 6 Maarso 2025) wuxuu ahaa ciyaaryahan [[association football|kubbadda cagta]] iyo [[referee (association football)|garsoore]] Chile ah kaasoo ku jiray [[Chile national football team|xulka Chile]] ee [[Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's team squads|squad]]-ka u matalayay [[Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics|Ciyaarihii Olombikada ee 1952]].<ref name="olympedia"/> ​ ==Xirfadda ciyaartoynimo== Wuxuu ku dhashay [[Iquique]], Chile,<ref>{{cite web |title=Breve historia del fútbol tarapaqueño |url=https://tarapacaenelmundo.com/8203seleccionadosas-de-chile/ |website=Tarapacá en el Mundo |access-date=9 November 2023 |language=es |date=5 January 2020 |archive-date=9 Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109162250/https://tarapacaenelmundo.com/8203seleccionadosas-de-chile/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Massaro wuxuu u ciyaaray kooxda Sportiva Italiana ee magaaladiisa intii lagu jiray 1940-meeyadii iyo 1950-meeyadii iyo dhowr sano oo uu u ciyaaray [[Audax Italiano]].<ref name="olympedia">{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/24392 |title=Domingo Massaro |work=Olympedia |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> ​Heer caalami, wuxuu u matalay [[Chile national football team|Chile]] labadaba [[Football at the 1951 Pan American Games|Ciyaarihii Pan American ee 1951]], isagoo ku guuleystay biladda naxaasta,<ref name="nominas">{{cite web |title=Nóminas de Chile para Juegos Panamericanos |url=https://www.partidosdelaroja.com/1970/01/nominas-de-chile-para-juegos-panamericanos.html |website=Partidos de La Roja |access-date=9 November 2023 |language=es}}</ref><ref name="vasquez">{{cite web |last1=Vásquez |first1=César |title=La Roja va por algo inédito en los Panamericanos: el logro que might sumar el fútbol |url=https://redgol.cl/seleccionchilena/ha-ganado-chile-alguna-vez-medalla-de-oro-en-el-futbol-de-los-juegos-panamericanos-20231102-RDG-182114.html |website=RedGol |access-date=9 November 2023 |language=es |date=2 November 2023}}</ref> iyo [[Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics|tartankii Olombikada ee 1952]], isagoo saftay ciyaarta kaliya ee [[Chile Olympic football team|Chile]] ka hor intaan looga soo saarin wareegga koowaad kooxda [[Egypt national under-23 football team|Masar]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Lineups Egypt vs Chile |url=https://www.besoccer.com/match/seleccion-egipto/seleccion-chile/19522204/lineups |website=Be Soccer |access-date=12 March 2025 }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ​ ==Xirfadda garsoorenimo== Massaro wuxuu garsoore ka ahaa [[Chilean Primera División|Primera División de Chile]]. Wuxuu aad ugu caan baxay garsooridda ciyaartii labaad ee finalka [[1968 Copa Libertadores Finals|Copa Libertadores ee 1968]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/domingo-massaro-1.html |title=Domingo Massaro Bio, Stats, and Results | Olympics at Sports-Reference.com |website=www.sports-reference.com |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418095745/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/domingo-massaro-1.html |archive-date=18 April 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> ​ ==Nolosha gaarka ah iyo dhimashada== Ka dib markii uu ka fadhiistay garsoorenimada, wuxuu xirfad ka bilaabay [[Falabella (retail store)|Falabella]], oo ah silsilad dukaamo tafaariiqda ah oo ku taal Chile.<ref name="olympedia"/> ​Massaro wuxuu ku dhintay Santiago 6-dii Maarso 2025, isagoo jira da'da 97 sano.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fallece Domingo Massaro, ex seleccionado chileno de fútbol y destacado árbitro internacional |url=https://www.emol.com/noticias/Deportes/2025/03/06/1159604/domingo-massaro-fallecimiento-seleccionado-arbitro.html |website=Emol |access-date=12 March 2025}}</ref> ​ ==Sharafta== '''Chile B''' ​[[Football at the Pan American Games|Ciyaaraha Pan American]] Biladda Naxaasta: [[Football at the 1951 Pan American Games|1951]]<ref name="nominas"/><ref name="vasquez"/> ​'''Shakhsi''' ​Ciyaaryahanka ugu fiican heerka hiwaayadda: 1952<ref>{{cite journal |title=QUEDARON ELEGIDOS LOS 25 "MEJORES DEPORTISTAS" |journal=[[La Nación (Chile)|La Nación]] |date=4 December 1952 |page=17 |url=https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/LN_1952_12_04.pdf |access-date=9 November 2023 |publisher=culturadigital.UDP.cl |location=Santiago, Chile |language=es |format=PDF |archive-date=9 Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109162250/https://culturadigital.udp.cl/dev/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/LN_1952_12_04.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​Wiilka sharafta leh ee [[Iquique]]: 2017<ref>{{cite web |title=Solo una mujer entre la lista de los próximos "Hijos Ilustres" de Iquique |url=https://www.elboyaldia.cl/noticia/listado/solo-una-mujer-entre-la-lista-de-los-proximos-hijos-ilustres-de-iquique |website=El Boyaldía |access-date=9 November 2023 |language=es |date=23 November 2017}}</ref> ​ ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== ​{{WorldFootball.net|domingo-massaro}} ​[https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe427930/ Profile-ka garsooraha ee worldfootball.net] {{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Massaro, Domingo}} 06fmvcpdwpkr3mwrhq1xfivyrovb49e 0 47575 298494 298309 2026-06-13T03:28:39Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298494 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hay'adda Isgaarsiinta Qaranka ee Soomaaliya''' (NCA) waa hay'adda sharciyeynta waaxda isgaarsiinta ee [[Soomaaliya]] . NCA waxaa lagu aasaasay Xeerka Isgaarsiinta ee 2017, waajibkeeduna waa inuu nidaamiyo waaxda [[Isgaadhsiinta Soomaaliya|isgaarsiinta]] oo ay ku jiraan [[isgaarsiinta]], [[Xuubcaarada caalamiga (Internet)|internetka]], [[Broadcasting|baahinta]], [[Information and communications technology|macluumaadka iyo tignoolajiyada isgaarsiinta]] (ICT) iyo [[E-commerce|ganacsiga elektaroonigga ah]] . <ref name="ncaabout">{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://nca.gov.so/background-2/ |access-date=2026-06-08 |archive-date=2023-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603020621/https://nca.gov.so/background-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Hay'adda Qaranka ee Horumarinta Isgaarsiinta iyo Teknolojiyadda (NCA) waxay mas'uul ka tahay fududeynta horumarinta qaybta ICT-ga, awoodsiinta iyo hubinta tartan cadaalad ah oo waara, isku xirka shirkadaha isgaarsiinta, hufnaanta hirgelinta Sharciga Isgaarsiinta, [[Consumer protection|ilaalinta danaha iyo xuquuqda macaamiisha]], iyo ilaalinta doorkeeda hay'ad madax-bannaan. 19kii Nofeembar 2022, Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Soomaaliya [[Xamse cabdi barre|Hamza Abdi Barre]] wuxuu [[Mustafa Y. Sheik|Mustafa Y. Sheikh]] u magacaabay [[General manager|Maareeyaha Guud]] ee Hay'adda Qaranka ee Laanqayrta Cas <ref name="ncagmappointed">https://mustaqbalmedia.net/en/somalia-pm-appoints-mustafa-yasin-sheikh-as-the-general-manager-of-the-national-telecommunications-agency/</ref> == Heshiiska isku xirka == 5tii Diseembar 2022, Maareeyaha Guud ee NCA Mustafa Y. Sheik iyo shirkadaha isgaarsiinta Soomaaliya waxay saxiixeen heshiis isku xir, kaasoo u oggolaanaya macaamiisha shirkadaha isgaarsiinta kala duwan ee dalka inay isku wacaan shabakado kala duwan. <ref name="ncainterconnection1">{{Cite web}}</ref> <ref name="ncainterconnection2">{{Cite web}}</ref> Hay'adda Isgaarsiinta Qaranka ee Soomaaliya (NCA) waxay xaqiijisay in shirkadaha isgaarsiinta ay hirgeliyeen heshiis isku xir ah oo la saxiixay Diseembar 2022, kaasoo u oggolaanaya meelaynta wicitaannada oo aan kala go 'lahayn shabakadaha kala duwan ee moobaylka. Heshiiska, oo qayb ahaan ay hirgeliyeen [[Shirkada Isgaariinta Hormuud|Hormuud Telecom]], [[Somtel]], Amtel, SomLink, Golis Telecommunications, iyo [[Telesom]], ayaa dhaqan galay 10kii Janaayo. <ref name="ncainterconnection3">{{Cite web}}</ref> "Isku xirka guusha leh ee lixda shirkadood waa guul muhiim ah oo loo soo hooyay warshadaha isgaarsiinta ee Soomaaliya. Sidaa darteed, tani waxay kor u qaadi doontaa tartanka, yareyn doontaa qiimaha, waxayna siin doontaa fursado badan macaamiisha," ayuu yiri Mustafa Y. Sheik, maamulaha guud ee NCA. "Waxaan bogaadinaynaa dadaallada shirkadaha isgaarsiinta ee dhammaystirka tallaabadan muhiimka ah waxaanan ku dhiirigelinaynaa inay sii wadaan iskaashiga si ay uga faa'iidaystaan warshadaha iyo macaamiisha." <ref name="ncainterconnection4">https://www.mobileworldlive.com/top-three/somalia-operators-activate-interconnections/</ref> <ref name="ncainterconnection5">https://developingtelecoms.com/telecom-business/telecom-regulation/14541-network-interconnection-now-active-in-somalia.html/</ref> <ref name="ncainterconnection6">https://sonna.so/en/somalia-launches-interconnection-service/</ref> <ref name="ncainterconnection7">https://english.news.cn/africa/20230327/e9353f6a44b6477daef46e33a5e54ab4/c.html#:~:text=MOGADISHU%2C%20March%2027%20(Xinhua),milestone%20for%20the%20telecom%20industry./</ref> <ref name="ncainterconnection8">https://www.telecompaper.com/news/somali-telecom-firms-complete-interconnectivity--1457943/</ref> kvg3c5pevt5z9q3hlvmxajh2duxlonx 0 47584 298501 298418 2026-06-13T05:45:50Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298501 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Musuqmaasuqa ka jira Eritrea''' waa mid baahsan, iyadoo laaluush looga baahan yahay inta badan adeegyada dowladda. <ref name=":0">https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country-dashboard?isocode=ERI&cHash=9b6f27060253a7d19624760946748a09</ref> <ref name="awate">http://awate.com/isaias-of-eritrea-threatens-corrupt-government-functionaries/</ref> Sannadihii hore ee xornimada ka dib, [[Eratareya|Eritrea]] waxaa loo arkayay mid aan musuqmaasuq lahayn oo leh dhaqan xooggan oo ka dhan ah musuqmaasuqa. <ref name="tesfa">http://awate.com/isaias-of-eritrea-threatens-corrupt-government-functionaries/</ref> <ref name="bti">{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://bti2006.bertelsmann-transformation-index.de/75.0.html?L=1 |access-date=2026-06-10 |archive-date=2017-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315175524/http://bti2006.bertelsmann-transformation-index.de/75.0.html?L=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cabbiraadaha caalamiga ah ee muhiimka ah, ayaa muujiyay hoos u dhac sii kordhaya oo ku yimid hababka ka hortagga musuqmaasuqa ee Eritrea. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://bti2006.bertelsmann-transformation-index.de/75.0.html?L=1 |access-date=2026-06-10 |archive-date=2017-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315175524/http://bti2006.bertelsmann-transformation-index.de/75.0.html?L=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Laga bilaabo 2024, yoolka rasmiga ah ee dowladda ee ah in la xakameeyo musuqmaasuqa si wax ku ool ah ayaa loo dayacay, shaqaalaha militariga iyo shaqaalaha rayidka ahna badanaa laguma soo oogo dacwado musuqmaasuq. <ref name=":0" /> Eritrea kuma biirin [[United Nations Convention against Corruption|Heshiiska Qaramada Midoobay ee ka dhanka ah Musuqmaasuqa]] ama hindisayaasha kale ee caalamiga ah ee ka hortagga musuqmaasuqa. Ma jiraan hay'ado samafal oo madax-bannaan oo ku sugan Eritrea, oo ay ku jiraan kuwa baara musuqmaasuqa. Ma jiraan hay'ado dowladeed ama ilaaliyeyaal ka madax-bannaan xisbiga talada haya [[People's Front for Democracy and Justice|ee PFDJ]] ee Eritrea si ay musuqmaasuqa ugu soo sheegaan. <ref>https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-investment-climate-statements/eritrea/</ref> [[Corruption Perceptions Index|Tusmada Aragtida Musuqmaasuqa]] ee [[Transparency International]] ee 2024 iyo 2025, Eritrea waxay heshay 13 dhibcood oo ka bilaabmaysa 0 ("aad u musuqmaasuq badan") ilaa 100 ("aad u nadiifsan"). Kuwani waa dhibcaha ugu xun ee Eritrea abid hesho tan iyo markii habka dhibcaha hadda la qaatay 2012; dhibcaha ugu fiican abid waxay ahaayeen 25 sanadkaas. Markii lagu qiimeeyay dhibcaha, Eritrea waxay gashay kaalinta 177aad ee 182 waddan ee Tusmada 2025, halkaas oo dalka lagu tiriyo inuu kaalinta koowaad ka galay qaybta dadweynaha ugu daacadsan. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Eritrea#cite_note-U4U-13</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Eritrea#cite_note-U4U-13</ref> Tusmada 2025, waddamada Afrika ee ka hooseeya Saxaraha [ Note 1 ] waxay celcelis ahaan ahaayeen 32, iyadoo dhibco u dhexeeya 9 ilaa 68. Adduunka oo dhan, waddamadu waxay celcelis ahaan ahaayeen 42 sannadkii 2025, iyadoo dhibco u dhexeeya 9 ilaa 89. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Eritrea#cite_note-U4U-13</ref> == Asalka == Eritrea waxay xor ka noqotay Itoobiya sanadkii 1991 ka dib [[Eritrean War of Independence|Dagaalkii Xorriyadda ee Eritrea]], madax-bannaanideedana waxaa si rasmi ah loo ansixiyay sanadkii 1993 iyada oo loo marayo afti ay Qaramada Midoobay kormeeraysay. <ref name="U4U">{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.tesfanews.net/president-isaias-warns-corrupt-officials/ |access-date=2026-06-10 |archive-date=2023-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922072351/https://tesfanews.net/president-isaias-warns-corrupt-officials/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>Tobanaan sano oo dagaal ah ayaa beeray dhibaatooyin bulsho iyo dhaqaale oo badan, oo ay ku jiraan musuqmaasuq. <ref name="U4U" />Waqtigaas, Eritrea waxay lahayd qayb gaar loo leeyahay oo daciif ah oo ay ku yar yihiin shaqaale xirfad leh. [[Eritrean–Ethiopian War|Dagaalkii]]<nowiki/>lala galay Itoobiya laga bilaabo 1998 ilaa 2000 iyo wixii ka dambeeyay ayaa sii xumeeyay xasillooni darrada Eritrea. <ref name="U4U" /> Warbixinta [[Bertelsmann Stiftung]] ee 2006 ayaa xustay in inkastoo kiisaska musuqmaasuqa tan iyo markii xorriyadda la qaatay ay jireen, haddana musuqmaasuqa ka jira Eritrea uu ahaa mid hooseeya. <ref name="bti2">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Eritrea#cite_note-14</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Tusmada Isbeddelka BTI ee Bertelsmann Stiftung ee 2024 ayaa ogaatay in musuqmaasuqu uu ku baahay maamulka rayidka iyo militariga. Waxay xustay la'aanta xorriyadaha madaniga ah, hubinta hay'adaha iyo dheelitirka, iyo hubinta kharashaadka dawladda ee Eritrea. <ref name=":02">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_in_Eritrea#cite_note-14</ref> == References == oxg646zkkq6k7h42yg90z5z2rv0v7sw 0 47588 298495 298426 2026-06-13T03:57:52Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isbahaysiga Smart Africa''' waa iskaashi ka dhexeeya dalalka Afrika <ref>{{Cite web}} - {{Cite web}}</ref> <ref name="UIA">{{Cite web|location=Brussels, Belgium}}</ref> oo u [[File:Smart_Africa_Secretariat_logo.png|thumb| ]] hoggaansamaya Manifesto-ka Smart Africa. Hadafkiisu waa in la dedejiyo horumarka dhaqan-dhaqaale ee waara ee qaaradda Afrika <ref>https://smartafrica.org/sudan-joins-the-smart-africa-alliance/</ref> iyada oo loo marayo isticmaalka [[Information and Communications Technologies|Teknolojiyada Macluumaadka iyo Isgaarsiinta]] (ICTs) iyo iyada oo loo marayo marin u helid wanaagsan oo adeegyada [[Broadband|ballaaran]] . La-hawlgalayaasha kale ee Isbahaysiga Smart Africa waxaa ka mid ah [[Midowga Afrika]], [[Midowga Warisgaarsiinta Caalamiga|ITU]], [[Bankiga Aduunka|Bangiga Adduunka]], [[African Development Bank|Bangiga Horumarinta Afrika]], [[United Nations Economic Commission for Africa|Guddiga Dhaqaalaha ee Qaramada Midoobay ee Afrika]], [[GSMA]], [[ICANN]] iyo shirkadaha. <ref>https://uia.org/s/or/en/1122289464</ref> Guddiga Isbahaysiga Smart Africa waxaa guddoomiye ka ah Madaxweyne [[Paul Kagame]] <ref>{{Cite web}} - {{Cite web|location=Rwanda}}</ref>xoghayntana waxaa hoggaamisa agaasimaha guud Lacina Koné tan iyo Maarso 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://smartafrica.org/about/overview/ |access-date=2026-06-10 |archive-date=2020-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928102912/https://smartafrica.org/about/overview/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Shir-madaxeedka Isbeddelka Afrika == Smart Africa waxay martigelisaa shir sannadeed oo ku saabsan Siyaasadda ICT iyo Teknolojiyadda oo loogu magac daray Shir-madaxeedka Isbeddelka Afrika. <ref>https://www.biometricupdate.com/201905/digitizing-africa-the-transform-africa-summit-and-leading-voices</ref> Kani waa mashruuca ugu muhiimsan ee Smart Africa kaas oo galaya daabacaaddiisii 6aad. Shir-madaxeedkan waxaa martigeliyay madax heer caalami ah, wasiirrada ICT-ga, <ref>{{Cite web}} - {{Cite web}}</ref>hoggaamiyeyaasha ganacsiga <ref>https://regionweek.com/eugene-kaspersky-founder-of-kaspersky-antivirus-confirmed-to-attend-the-5th-transform-africa-summit-in-rwanda/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Lixaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> iyo sameeyayaasha siyaasadda. == References == 20i6h3c7q1ck3jm5tulpzmen8v583yh 0 47591 298496 298434 2026-06-13T03:59:42Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 298496 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isgaarsiinta Eritrea''' waxaa hoos yimaada [[Siyaasadda Eritrea|Dowladda Eritrea]] == Kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha == [[Eritrean Telecommunications Corporation|Shirkadda Adeegyada Isgaarsiinta ee Eritrea]], oo loo yaqaan ''EriTel'', waa shirkadda kaliya ee maamusha kaabayaasha isgaarsiinta taleefanka dhulka iyo kan gacanta ee [[Eratareya|Eritrea]] . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa mid ka mid ah dhowr [[Internet service provider|shirkadood oo bixiya adeegyada internetka]] ee dalka. <ref>[http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/membership/portal/index.asp?Name=1226 "Eritrea Telecommunication Services Corporation (EriTel)"], International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 2011. Retrieved 1 November 2013.</ref> Kaabayaasha isgaarsiinta gudaha aad uma fiicna. Inta badan taleefannada khadka tooska ah waxay ku yaalliin [[Asmara]], caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu weyn. Taleefannada gacanta ayaa si isa soo taraysa looga isticmaalaa dalka oo dhan. Dowladdu waxay raadinaysaa qandaraasyo caalami ah si loo horumariyo nidaamka. <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-2013">[https://web.archive.org/web/20260114190905/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eritrea/ "Eritrea"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 31 November 2013.</ref> 13kii Abriil 2006, Eritrea waxay heshay amaah jilicsan oo ka timid dowladda [[Shiinaha]] si ay u horumariso kaabayaasheeda isgaarsiinta. Wadarta guud ee la amaahiyay [[EriTel]] waxay ahayd $23 milyan. Dhammaan magaalooyinka waaweyn waxay ku xiran yihiin nidaamka taleefanka gacanta ee Eritrea marka laga reebo [[Casab|Assab]], laga bilaabo 2023. == Telefoon == * Taleefannada go'an ee la isticmaalo: 58,500 oo khadad, oo ah kaalinta 159aad ee adduunka (2011). <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20132">[https://web.archive.org/web/20260114190905/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eritrea/ "Eritrea"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 31 November 2013.</ref> * Taleefannada gacanta ee gacanta ayaa la isticmaalayaa: 241,900 oo khad, oo ah kaalinta 175aad ee adduunka (2011). <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20132" /> * Isku darka macaamiisha khadka go'an iyo kuwa moobaylka waa wax ka yar 5 qof 100kii qofba (2011). <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20132" /> * Koodhka waddanka caalamiga ah: 291. <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20132" /> == Raadiyaha iyo telefishanka == * Dowladdu waxay maamushaa dhammaan warbaahinta baahinta iyadoo la mamnuucay lahaanshaha gaarka ah. Iibsashada saxannada dayax-gacmeedka iyo rukhsadaha warbaahinta caalamiga ah waa la oggol yahay. <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20133">[https://web.archive.org/web/20260114190905/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eritrea/ "Eritrea"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 31 November 2013.</ref> * Shabakadaha raadiyaha: 2 ay dawladdu leedahay (2007). <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20133" /> * Telefishinada: 1 shirkad oo ay dawladdu leedahay (2007). <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20133" /> == Internetka == * Isticmaalayaasha Internetka: 48,692 isticmaale, 180aad adduunka; 0.8% dadweynaha, 211aad adduunka (2012). <ref name="ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet">[http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/statistics/2013/Individuals_Internet_2000-2012.xls "Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000-2012"], International Telecommunication Union (Geneva), June 2013, retrieved 22 June 2013</ref> * Broadband go'an: 122 rukun, 192aad (ugu dambeeyay) adduunka; 0.0% dadweynaha, 192aad (ugu dambeeyay) adduunka (2012). <ref name="FixedBroadbandITUDynamic2012">[http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx "Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx |date=20190726064920 }} {{Webarchive}}, Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, [[Midowga Warisgaarsiinta Caalamiga|International Telecommunication Union]]. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.</ref> * Mobaylka ballaaran ee moobaylka: lama yaqaan. <ref name="MobleBroadbandITUDynamic2012">[http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx "Active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx |date=20190726064920 }} {{Webarchive}}, Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, [[Midowga Warisgaarsiinta Caalamiga|International Telecommunication Union]]. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.</ref> * Martigeliyeyaasha Internetka: 701 martigeliye, 177aad adduunka (2012). <ref name="WFB-Eritrea-20134">[https://web.archive.org/web/20260114190905/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eritrea/ "Eritrea"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 31 November 2013.</ref> * Bixiyeyaasha adeegga internetka (ISPs): 4 (2005) - [[EriTel]], CTS, TFanus, Ewan. <ref>{{Cite web}}</ref> [ cusboonaysiin u baahan ] * [[Country code|Koodhka waddanka]] : ER * [[Top level domain|Domain heer sare ah]] : [[.er]] === Faafreebka iyo dabagalka internetka === * Waxaa lagu taxay inay kormeer ku socoto [[Reporters Without Borders|Weriyeyaasha Aan Xuduudda Lahayn]] (RWB) sannadihii 2008, 2009, ma ahayn sannadkii 2010, iyo mar kale laga bilaabo 2011 ilaa 2012. <ref name="RWBEnemies2012">[http://march12.rsf.org/i/Report_EnemiesoftheInternet_2012.pdf ''Internet Enemies''] {{Webarchive}}, Reporters Without Borders (Paris), 12&nbsp;March 2012</ref> Eritrea ma aysan samayn nidaam sifeyn internet oo otomaatig ah oo baahsan, laakiin kama labalabeyn inay amarto in la xiro dhowr bog oo internetka ah oo qurbajoog ah oo dhaleeceeya nidaamka. Helitaanka goobahan waxaa xannibay laba ka mid ah bixiyeyaasha adeegga internetka, Erson iyo Ewan, iyo sidoo kale bogagga [[Pornography|internetka ee qaawan]] . iyo [[YuutYuub|YouTube]] . [[Self-censorship|Is-faafreebka]] ayaa la sheegay inuu aad u baahsan yahay. <ref>[http://en.rsf.org/surveillance-eritrea,39762.html "Countries under surveillance: Eritrea"] {{Wayback|url=http://en.rsf.org/surveillance-eritrea,39762.html |date=20160321232520 }} {{Webarchive}}, Reporters Without Borders, March 2011</ref> == References == 5uqv1jqza6wsgorzbv0uozzb08dg3qp 0 47600 298482 298479 2026-06-12T13:48:25Z ~2026-34537-45 46057 /* Abtirsiin */ 298482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Rer Ali-Abdi | native_name = | flag = |image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |Region2= {{Flagcountry|United Kingdom}}|region3={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}}|region4={{flagcountry|Kenya}} | regions = | languages = [[Somali language|Somali]] | religions = [[Islam]] | related = iyo kuwo kale }} Beesha '''Rer Ali-Abdi''' ({{lang-so|Ali-Abdi}}, {{lang-en|Ali-Abdi}}) waa beel ka mid ah beelaha Abokor Muuse , ku waasi oo dagan deegano badan oo katirsan Somaliland iyo DDS Itoobiya. <ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa.</ref><ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615</ref>Beesha Maxamuud Muuse Waxa laga helaa konfurta magaalada Hargiesa iyo Bariga magalda Salahley.<ref>A General survey of the Somaliland protectorate 1944-1950, p.122, table 18. Somaliland </ref> ==Hordhac == Beesha Ali-Abdi waa farac ka tirsan beel-weynta Abokor Muse. Rer Ali-Abdi waxay door muhiim ah ku leeyihiin bulshada, waxayna si taariikhi ah u degganaayeen meelo kala duwan oo ka tirsan Somaliland iyo Itoobiya . Sidoo kale, waxaa laga helaa koofurta Hargeysa,Salaxley, iyo qaybo ka mid ah Dalka Itoobiya. ==Abtirsiin== {{Tree list}} *Ali Abdi (Rer Ali-Abbdi) **Issa Ali **Mumin Ali ***Egal Mumin ***Ziyad Mumin ***Wais Mumin ***Hassan Munin ***Farah Mumin ***Ali Mumin ***Essa Mumin ***Jibril Mumin ***Farah Mumin ***Dahir Mumin ***Guled Mumin ***Urmah Mumin ***Dhible Urmah ***Ismail Urmah **Naleye Ali ***Jama Naleye ***Dualeh Naleye ***Warfa Naleye ***Ahmed Naleye ***Yonis Naleye ***Aden Naleye ***Abdi Naleye ***Farah Naleye ***Jibril Naleye ****Egal Naleye ****Arralleh Egal *****Elmi Aralleh *****Aw-Jama Arralleh **Hussein Ali ***Nour Hussein ****Roble Nour ****Dahir Nour ****Wa'ays Nour ****Ali Nour ****Guled Nour ***Mohamed Hussein ****Ali Mohamed ****Abdi Mohamed ****Omar Mohamed ***Hersi Hussien ****Muhumad Hersi ****Abdi Hersi ****Ali Hersi ***Jama Hussien ****Muhumoad Jama ****Abdillahi Jama ****Jibril Jama ****Egal Jama {{tree list/end}} ==Notable figures== *Hussein Mohamed Mohamoud *Guled bihi Abdi *Almis Omar Sakriye *Mustafe Ali *Mohamoud ismail Gabush *Sheikh Harred *Mohamed Ahmed sulub ==Tixraac== ceb03jurgaujszdqy811roojsjzfb8z 0 47602 298487 2026-06-12T17:13:37Z ~2026-34696-64 46069 Bog cusub: Cagajuglaynta (ingiriis: bullying) waa dhaqan gardarro ah oo si ula kac ah oo soo noqnoqda ay qof ama koox u adeegsadaan inay ku waxyeelleeyaan, ku cabsi geliyaan, ku bahdilaan, ama ku xukumaan qof kale oo loo arko inuu ka nugul yahay ama awood ahaan ka hooseeyo. Waxay yeelan kartaa qaabab kala duwan, sida dhaawac jir ahaaneed (sida garaacid ama riixid), aflagaaddo hadal ah (sida cay ama hanjabaad), ka saarid bulsho, faafinta xanta, ama dhibaatayn lagu sameeyo internetka iyo bara... 298487 wikitext text/x-wiki Cagajuglaynta (ingiriis: bullying) waa dhaqan gardarro ah oo si ula kac ah oo soo noqnoqda ay qof ama koox u adeegsadaan inay ku waxyeelleeyaan, ku cabsi geliyaan, ku bahdilaan, ama ku xukumaan qof kale oo loo arko inuu ka nugul yahay ama awood ahaan ka hooseeyo. Waxay yeelan kartaa qaabab kala duwan, sida dhaawac jir ahaaneed (sida garaacid ama riixid), aflagaaddo hadal ah (sida cay ama hanjabaad), ka saarid bulsho, faafinta xanta, ama dhibaatayn lagu sameeyo internetka iyo baraha dijitaalka ah. Astaanta ugu muhiimsan ee cagajuglaynta waa jiritaanka farqi awoodeed, halkaas oo qofka la beegsanayo ay ku adkaato inuu isdifaaco, isla markaana dhaqankaasi uu si joogto ah u dhaco ama uu leeyahay suurtagalnimada inuu marar badan soo noqdo. ==Fiiri== *[[dagaal]] [[category:dhaqan]] h52oh3g8pmpajk78b6525m5yau20u7h 298488 298487 2026-06-12T17:18:34Z ~2026-34696-64 46069 298488 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bullying on Instituto Regional Federico Errázuriz (IRFE) in March 5, 2007.jpg|thumb|cagajugleynta, ee lagu bandhigay sawirkan, waa shay u taban horumarka iyo caafimaad maskaxeedka shaqsiga]] Cagajuglaynta (ingiriis: bullying) waa dhaqan gardarro ah oo si ula kac ah oo soo noqnoqda ay qof ama koox u adeegsadaan inay ku waxyeelleeyaan, ku cabsi geliyaan, ku bahdilaan, ama ku xukumaan qof kale oo loo arko inuu ka nugul yahay ama awood ahaan ka hooseeyo. Waxay yeelan kartaa qaabab kala duwan, sida dhaawac jir ahaaneed (sida garaacid ama riixid), aflagaaddo hadal ah (sida cay ama hanjabaad), ka saarid bulsho, faafinta xanta, ama dhibaatayn lagu sameeyo internetka iyo baraha dijitaalka ah. Astaanta ugu muhiimsan ee cagajuglaynta waa jiritaanka farqi awoodeed, halkaas oo qofka la beegsanayo ay ku adkaato inuu isdifaaco, isla markaana dhaqankaasi uu si joogto ah u dhaco ama uu leeyahay suurtagalnimada inuu marar badan soo noqdo. ==Fiiri== *[[dagaal]] [[category:dhaqan]] igr9rc9qdraptzdirjr8kfzawyfxx1v 1 47603 298489 2026-06-12T20:05:33Z Warabe*9 46070 Bog cusub: Garaad Cabdirashiid Waraabe dheere Hogaamiye dhaqameed ka tirsan Beesha Dhulbahante gaar ahaan Faarax Garaad Barkad 298489 wikitext text/x-wiki Garaad Cabdirashiid Waraabe dheere Hogaamiye dhaqameed ka tirsan Beesha Dhulbahante gaar ahaan Faarax Garaad Barkad adj0z7yuhjz1i6bh54gub60og75jk8k 0 47604 298503 2026-06-13T10:19:43Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 Bog cusub: {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muuj... 298503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Kelafo (Qallaafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]]ka ([[Suufi]]) | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym= [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dowlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah e eQallaafe iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. 5c5rs4hd7ycr8r8h5drjoje85qtjj1z 298504 298503 2026-06-13T10:22:12Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Kelafo (Qallaafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]]ka ([[Suufi]]) | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym= [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dawlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. c45rp2a3jv6lxdp1g85w9h4qbf5etod 298505 298504 2026-06-13T10:28:10Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Kelafo (Qallaafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym= [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dawlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. 3tcb6ja63h6e67jjekzredeh9zio3e7 298506 298505 2026-06-13T10:30:30Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Qallaafo (Kelafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dawlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. 2n1m6rodln4fdatpzb5loeni5n6cmpb 298508 298506 2026-06-13T10:33:37Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Qallaafo (Kelafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dawlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. 6rtz288i4kaudvx0rlmzcl3n4otvv2l 298513 298508 2026-06-13T11:14:45Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 298513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Qallaafo (Kelafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dawlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. ==Taariikh== ==Dhaqaalle== ==Dadka== ==Qoyska boqortooyada== =Imaamyadii== ==Sidoo kale fiiri== ==Tixraac== cjcire5sg25qof3zemqxphbw146z1i7 298514 298513 2026-06-13T11:22:32Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 298514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Qallaafo (Kelafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dawlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. ==Taariikh== ==Dhaqaalle== ==Dadka== ==Qoyska Xukunka== ==Imaamyadii== ==Sababihii burburka== ==Sidoo kale fiiri== ==Tixraac== aw4pi62u01dsbeyxs76myfhzpc93hma 298515 298514 2026-06-13T11:25:27Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 298515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Qallaafo (Kelafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''', Af-Ingiriis (Imamate of Awrame), Af-Carabi (إمامة أورمي), waxa ay aheyd dawlad Islaami ah, oo ka soo ifbaxday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo nawaaxigeeda, biloowgii qarnigii 18aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 19aad. ==Taariikh== ==Dhaqaalle== ==Dadka== ==Imaamyadii== ==Sababihii burburka== ==Sidoo kale fiiri== ==Tixraac== 39cnjr2l1zs5g6k659nkr7o8jprkba7 298516 298515 2026-06-13T11:29:33Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamninada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png|thumb|The Horn of Africa before the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880)|left|Khariirada Awnimada Awrame oo lagu muujiyay, magaca magaaladeedii ugu weyneed ee Qallaafo (Kelafo) 1880 AD]] | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]], [[Qallaafo]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[kala-doorsi]] }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''' (Af-Ingiriis: ''Imamate of Awrame''; Af-Carabi: ''إمامة أورمي'') waxay ahayd dawlad Islaami ah oo ka hanaqaadday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo deegaannada ku xeeran. Dawladdu waxay jirtay qiyaastii 1700 ilaa 1889, waxaana hoggaamin jiray imaamyo ka soo jeeday reer Awrame. ==Taariikh== ==Dhaqaalle== ==Dadka== ==Imaamyadii== ==Sababihii burburka== ==Sidoo kale fiiri== ==Tixraac== 8b24h56z6jrfaxme7zlmfis57geqmfx 298517 298516 2026-06-13T11:38:14Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png]] | map_caption = Khariirada Imaamnimada Awrame (Kelafo) 1880 AD, | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[Badeeco-Isweydaarsi]] (Kala-Doorsi) }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''' (Af-Ingiriis: ''Imamate of Awrame''; Af-Carabi: ''إمامة أورمي'') waxay ahayd dawlad Islaami ah oo ka hanaqaadday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo deegaannada ku xeeran. Dawladdu waxay jirtay qiyaastii 1700 ilaa 1889, waxaana hoggaamin jiray imaamyo ka soo jeeday reer Awrame. ==Taariikh== ==Dhaqaalle== ==Dadka== ==Imaamyadii== ==Sababihii burburka== ==Sidoo kale fiiri== ==Tixraac== nq06paeb5mkj96r2e9t6jtgoud7nzjf 298518 298517 2026-06-13T11:53:49Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png]] | map_caption = Khariirad muujinaysa Imaamnimada Awrame qiyaastii 1880 AD, | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]] | capital = [[Kurtumaaleey]] | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[Badeeco-Isweydaarsi]] (Kala-Doorsi) }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''' (Af-Ingiriis: ''Imamate of Awrame''; Af-Carabi: ''إمامة أورمي'') waxay ahayd dawlad Islaami ah oo ka hanaqaadday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo deegaannada ku xeeran. Dawladdu waxay jirtay qiyaastii 1700 ilaa 1889, waxaana hoggaamin jiray imaamyo ka soo jeeday reer Awrame. ==Taariikh== ==Dhaqaalle== ==Dadka== ==Imaamyadii== ==Sababihii burburka== ==Sidoo kale fiiri== ==Tixraac== ke9bthky8hgpxaizocm0kbppcopxkkl 298519 298518 2026-06-13T11:56:20Z Cabdi Muuse Ayuub 46026 /* */ 298519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Former Country | native_name = {{native name|so|Imaamnimada Awrame}}<br />{{native name|en|Imamate of Awrame}}<br /> {{native name|ar|إمامة أورمي}} | conventional_long_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | common_name = Imaamnimada Awrame | image_flag = | flag_caption = | image_coat = | coat_caption= | image_map = [[File:Horn of Africa (Pre-colonial, 1880).png]] | map_caption = Khariirad muujinaysa Imaamnimada Awrame qiyaastii 1880 AD, | common_languages = [[Af-Soomaali]] | religion=[[Islaam]] | government_type = [[Imaamnimada]] | title_leader = [[Imaam]],[[Aw]], [[Sheekh]], [[Sayyid]] | leader1= Imaam Awrame (ugu horreeyay) | year_leader1=1700–1740 | leader5= Imaam Cabdi (ugu dambeeyay) | year_leader5 = 1846–1889 | year_start =1700 | year_end =1889 | p1= Saldanadda Ajuuraan | flag_p1= | s1= Boqortooyada Itoobiya | flag_s1= | area_km2= 20,000 | population_estimate= | today={{flag|Ethiopia}} | demonym = [[Awrame]], [[Reer Shabeelle]] | capital = [[Qallaafo]] (Bur-Cadde) | leader2 = Imaam Aaroow | year_leader2 = 1740-1787 | leader3 = Imaam Jiwidow | year_leader3 = 1787-1818 | leader4 = Imaam Qorax | year_leader4 = 1818-1846 | currency = [[Badeeco-isweydaarsi]] (Kala-Doorsi) }} '''Imaamnimada Awrame''' (Af-Ingiriis: ''Imamate of Awrame''; Af-Carabi: ''إمامة أورمي'') waxay ahayd dawlad Islaami ah oo ka hanaqaadday hareeraha webiga Shabeelle, gaar ahaan magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Qallaafo iyo deegaannada ku xeeran. Dawladdu waxay jirtay qiyaastii 1700 ilaa 1889, waxaana hoggaamin jiray imaamyo ka soo jeeday reer Awrame. ==Taariikh== ==Dhaqaalle== ==Dadka== ==Imaamyadii== ==Sababihii burburka== ==Sidoo kale fiiri== ==Tixraac== dm6gn4c3ye2gje1ug46xab1oxym7a6a