Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.16 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3215 305689 295186 2026-08-23T17:29:23Z Hanadabdi6 46997 Correcting uncor 305689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laasqoray''' ( [[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]] : Laasqoray ,[[Carabi]] : لاسقُرَى Laasqoray ) waa magaalo xeebeed taariikhi ah oo ku taal gobolka Sanaag ee dalka [[Soomaaliya]] .{{Infobox settlement | name = | official_name = Laasqorey | native_name = <small>''Las Khorey''</small> | other_name = لاس قُرَي | settlement_type = Magaalo | image_skyline = Laasqoray over view.jpg | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = Muuqaalka xaafad qadiim ah oo Laas-qoray ah. | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Somalia | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Laasqoray (Somalia) | coordinates = {{coord|11|11|N|48|13|E|region:SO-SA|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Wadanka | subdivision_name = {{flag|Somalia}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Gobolada Waqooyibari|Gobolka]] | subdivision_type2 = Degmo | subdivision_name1 = [[Sanaag]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Badhan|Degmada Badhan]] | established_title = | established_date = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_total = 15,000 | population_as_of = 2021 | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = | population_note = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = | website = | footnotes = | timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | blank_name = | blank_info = }} BBC ayaa sheegtay 2021, "Ciidanka Badda ama Ilaalada Xeebaha [[Soomaaliya]] waa mid ka mid ah waaxyaha tilmaamaya Soomaaliya , ee ka hawlgala Somaliland ee Laas-qoray, [[Saylac]] iyo Berbera." TV Qaranka [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]] (SLNTV) ayaa baahintiisii ​​Sebtembar 2023 ku sheegay in Laas-qoray ay tahay dhul ka tirsan [[Soomaaliland|Somaliland]] . Hiiraan Online ayaa ku warantay maqaalkii 2024, "Laas-qoray waa ka baxsan tahay gacanta Hargeysa." Andrew Palmer , oo ah maamulaha lataliyaha badaha Idarat Ltd, ayaa tilmaamay Laas - lagu qoray inay tahay " Xeebta waqooyi ee [[Puntland]] " 2014. ==Taariikhda== ===Waqtiyadii hore=== [[File:LaasqorayRuins09.JPG|thumb|Burburkii Laas-qoray.]] Deegaanka Laas-qoray waa dhowr qarni. Inta u dhaxaysa magaalada iyo Ceel Ayo waxaa ku taal Karinhegane , oo ah goob ay ku jiraan sawirro badan oo godad ah oo xayawaannada dhabta ah iyo kuwa khuraafaadka ahba. Rinjiyeyn kasta waxa hoostiisa ku yaal qoraal, kaas oo si wada jir ah loo qiyaaso in uu jiro ilaa 2,500 oo sano.  Qiyaastii 25 mayl (40 km) ee Laas-qoray ayaa laga helay Gelweita , oo ah goob farshaxan oo kale oo muhiim ah. Farshaxan dhagaxeedka Karinhegane waxa uu la mid yahay qaabka Xabashida iyo Carabiga ee u gaarka ah sawirada godka Laas-gaal . Somaliland waxa ku yaala goobo badan oo qadiimiga ah , dhismayaal la mid ah ayaa laga helay Haylaan , Qa'ableh , Qombo'ul iyo Ceel Ayo . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar badan oo ka mid ah dhismayaashan qadiimka ah ayaan wali si sax ah loo baadhin, habkaas oo kaa caawin doona in uu iftiimiyo taariikhda deegaanka una fududeeyo ilaalinta farcanka. ===Dhexe ilaa Casrigii Hore=== Qarnigii 13-aad, Dhidhin oo ahaa Ugaaska Warsangali , oo ka tirsan Daarood , ayaa hadda Laas-qoray qabsaday, wuxuuna qaatay darajada Garaadka oo ah darajada boqornimada. Magaalada Laas-qoray waxay bilaabatay 1735 markii Al-Sheekh Cali Maxamud Nuux oo ka tirsan beesha Ugaaslabe/Warsangali uu ka dhisay masaajid kuna horumaray ganacsiga Sawaaxiliga , Zanzibar , Carabiya , India , iwm. Maxamuud Cali Shire , oo noqday Suldaan Warsangali dhamaadkii qarnigii 19-aad, ayaa Laas-qoray ka dhigay xarun. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jiray saldhigyo dhowr ah, iyo bilaha xagaaga ee kulul, waxay saldhig u ahaayeen dooxooyinka qaboojiyaha ee koonfurta, oo ka fog xeebta. ===Casri ah=== Sannadkii 1986-kii, madax ka socotay shirkadda Shidaalka ee Maraykanka ee Chevron ayaa booqasho ku tagay magaalada Laas-qoray oo ay ka codsatay dawladda Soomaaliya, waxayna ka heleen raadadka shidaalka. Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya waxa uu qarxay abbaaraha 1988; 1991kii, Somaliland waxay ku dhawaaqday gooni-isu-taagga; 1998, Puntland waxay ku dhawaaqday in la asaasay. Labada waddanba waa xasillooni si degdeg ah, iyada oo Somaliland ay isku dayayso inay awooddeeda ku ballaadhiso bariga, Puntlandna galbeed. Labada dhinac ayaa iska hor imaad ciidan ku dhexmaray agagaarka deegaanka Warsangali ( Puntland iyo Somaliland ). Bishii Abriil 2011, dawladda Puntland ayaa 16 budhcad-badeed ah ku xidhay Laas-qoray. Bishii Luulyo 2011, markab cilmi baaris oo Ingiriis ah ayaa dawladda Somaliland u ogolaatay inuu booqdo Laascaanood, laakiin ciidamada Puntland ee fadhigoodu yahay ayaa diiday. Madaxweynihii hore ee Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud (Siilaanyo) ayaa bishii March 2014 booqasho ku tagay magaalada isaga iyo wefti uu ka mid yahay wasiirkii caafimaadka ee wakhtigaas Saleebaan Xaglotoosiye . Dib u soo celinta wershadaha degmada Laas-qoray oo ay ka mid tahay warshaddii caanka ahayd ee Tuna, iyo sidoo kale dhismaha cusbitaalka magaalada oo la qorsheeyay in laga dhiso magaalada ayaa intii uu ku guda jiray socdaalkan lagu shaaciyay. Sanadkan 2017-ka waxa guud ahaan Somaliland ka dhacay diwaan galinta codbixiyayaasha doorashada madaxtooyada Somaliland ee 2017 , balse ma jirin wax diwaangalin ah oo laga sameeyay degmooyinka Dhahar iyo Laas-qoray. Bishii Disembar 2019, daadad ka dhacay deegaanka Laas-qoray ayaa sababay dad la la’yahay waxaana daad iyo go’doomiyay waddooyinka gala iyo kuwa ka baxa xaafadaha ku xeeran. February 2020, Badhasaabka Gobolka Badhan ee Somaliland Maxamuud Xamd Cumar ayaa booqday degmada Laas-Korrey isaga iyo ciidamada Somaliland. Ciidanka Puntland oo uu la socdo Cali Xuseen Somali, guddoomiyaha gobolka Sanaag ee Puntland, ayaa weerar ku qaaday. Intii u dhaxaysay Julaay 2021 iyo Noofambar 2022, Laas-qoray ayaa ahayd tiradii ugu badnayd ee qaxa ee Sanaag. : 177  Dhanka kale, Oktoobar 2021, dawladda Somaliland waxay billowday in si khasab ah loo masaafuriyo boqolaal qof oo ay ku tilmaameen "aan Somaliland u dhalan" oo laga soo masaafuriyey degaanno ka tirsan Sanaag. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la soo sheegayaa in Laas-qoray ay aad ugu adag tahay in la beegsado : 177  Bishii Maarso 2023, Wasaaradda Kalluumeysiga iyo Kheyraadka Badda Puntland oo kaashaneysa Hay’adda Secure Fisheries oo ah hay’ad ka shaqeysa horumarinta warshadaha kalluumeysiga ayaa deegaanka Laas-qoray ka bilowday Barnaamijka Maareynta Iskaashiga Kalluumeysiga.  ==Gaadiidka== [[File:OldPortLaasqoray.jpg|thumb|Dekedii hore ee magaalada Laas-qoray ayaa waxaa ka socda dib u habeyn ballaaran.]] Laas-qoray waxay leedahay deked nooca jetty- class ah oo ah dekedda Laas-qoray . Horn Relief (hadda Adeso), oo ah hay'ad ay aas aastay Faadumo Jibrell oo ah aqoonyahan Soomaaliyeed , ayaa billowday mashruuc dib-u-habayn loogu samaynayo dekedda 400-sano jirsatay. Qorshahan waxaa markii dambe qaaday Faysal Xawar , oo ah madaxa shirkadda kheyraadka Maakhir. Sannadkii 2012, waxa uu heshiis la galay shirkad maal-gashi oo Giriig ah oo ku saabsan horumarinta dekedda ganacsiga ee Laas-qoray. Kooxda Injineerada ah ayaa markii dambe maamulka Puntland u qoray si ay u qiimeeyaan dayactirka ka socda dekedda. Sida uu sheegay wasiirka dekedaha, Siciid Maxamed Raage, dawladda Puntland waxay ku talo jirtaa inay mashaariic horumarineed oo noocan oo kale ah ka hirgeliso magaalada Laascaanood. Garoonka ugu dhow ee Laas-qoray waa garoonka caalamiga ah ee Bender Qassim ee magaalada Boosaaso. ==Tirakoobka dadweynaha== Laas-qoray waxa ku nool ilaa 2,000 oo qof. Degaanka ballaadhan ee Laas-qoray waxa ku nool dad tiradoodu dhan tahay 34,724 qof. ==Dhaqaalaha== Laas-qoray waxay muddo dheer ahayd dhoofinta xoolaha, kalluunka, wax soo saarka, iyo Beeyada . Dhanka kale, waxay keeni jireen bariis, qamadi, sonkor, dhar, iwm [[File:Laasqoray30.jpg|thumb|Las-qoray cuntooyinka qasacadaysan]] Tuunaha qasacadaysan ayaa aad loo yaqaan "Laas-qoray" waxa loo aqbalaa sida calaamad. Sannadkii 1970-kii, dawladdii Soomaaliya waxay dhistay weel lagu qasaaco kalluunka oo leh meel ay maraan doomaha kalluumaysiga, waxayna noqotay warshad weyn oo laga sameeyo Laas-qoray. Tuunada ka sakow, shark fins ayaa sidoo kale loo qaadaa si loo dhoofiyo. Warshadan oo u xirneyd dagaaladii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya ayaa dib loo furay sanadkii 2001, balse wax yar kadib ayaa la xiray. Xarunta waxaa la casriyeeyay oo dib loo furay 2007. Waqtigaas, waxaa jiray 2,800 kalluumaysato iyo shaqaale warshadeed. Agoosto 12, Hodman Trading Company, shirkad ku taal Dubai , Imaaraadka Carabta, waxay la wareegtay dhammaan warshadda Laas-qoray. Sannadkii 2012, waxaa la sheegay inay u dhoofinayeen Yemen iyo Imaaraadka Carabta . Sannadka 2019-ka, BBC-da ayaa soo warisay in been-abuurka ay suuqa ku jiraan. Qasacadihii Las-qoray way xidhnaan doontaa laga bilaabo Abriil 2021. [[File:Laasqoray15.jpg|thumb|Habaynta kalluunka.(2006)]] [[File:LaasqorayTuna.jpg|thumb|Samaynta cunto qasacadaysan.(2008)]] ==Degenaansho xusid mudan== Faarax Maxamed Jaamac Cawl qoraa ==Tixraac== [https://web.archive.org/web/20210711080102/https://www.fsnau.org/downloads/Sanaag%20Survey%20-%20May%202002.pdf "Warbixin Sahanka Nafaqeynta Gobolka Sanaag"] [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Khorey#cite_ref-3 ^ Gudoomiyaha Degmada laas- qoray] [https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2024/Jan/194755/analysis_a_port_deal_puts_the_horn_of_africa_on_the_brink.aspx "Falanqaynta: Heshiis dekeddu waxa uu Geeska Afrika qarka u saaran yahay"] [https://books.google.com/books?id=M6NI2FejIuwC&dq=Las+Khorey+Warsangali&pg=PA12 Somaliland: Adis Ababa & Bariga Itoobiya] [https://berberatoday.com/2017/04/17/maxaad-ka-ogtahay-taariikha-guunka-ah-ee-degmada-laasqoray-iyo-magacii-waayadii-hore-la-odhan-jiray/ "MAXAAD KA OGTAHAY TAARIIKHA GUUNKA AH EE DEGMADA LAASQORAY IYO MAGACII WAAYADII HORE LA ODHAN JIRAY XIGASHO QORE , C/CASIIS MAXAMUD"] [https://www.bbc.com/somali/articles/cj79mxdl32do "Shan goobood oo loo dalxiis tago oo ku yaalla dhulka Soomaalida"] [https://www.daljir.com/lix-iyo-tobon-burcadbadeed-ah-oo-maanta-lagu-xiray-laasqoray-ka-dib-makii-uu-daadiyey-markab-laga-leeyahay-norway/ "Lix iyo tobon burcadbadeed ah oo maanta lagu xiray Laasqoray, ka dib makii uu daadiyey markab laga leeyahay Norway"] [https://www.daljir.com/markab-laga-leeyahay-waddanka-britain-oo-loo-diiday-in-uu-ku-xirto-marsada-degmada-laasqoray/ "Markab laga lee yahay Britain oo loo diiday in uu ku xirto marsada degmada Laasqoray"] [https://wargeyskadawan.com/2020/02/26/wasiir-ku-xigeenka-gaadiidka-oo-ka-hadlay-weerar-puntland-ku-soo-qaadday-laasqoray-oo-ciidanka-qaranku-dhirbaaxo-kulul-gaadhsiiyay/ "Wasiir Ku Xigeenka Gaadiidka Oo Ka Hadlay Weerar Puntland Ku Soo Qaaday Laasqoray Oo Ciidanka Qaranku Dhirbaaxo Kulul Gaadhsiiyay"] [https://puntlandpost.net/2020/02/25/puntland-iyo-somaliland-oo-ku-dagaallamay-laasqoray/ "PUNTLAND IYO SOMALILAND OO KU DAGAALLAMAY DEGMADA LAASQORAY"] [https://radiobeerlula.so/barnaamijka-maamul-wadaaga-kalluumeysiga-oo-laga-daah-furay-laasqoray/ "Barnaamijka maamul wadaaga kalluumeysiga oo laga daah furay Laasqoray"] {{Wayback|url=https://radiobeerlula.so/barnaamijka-maamul-wadaaga-kalluumeysiga-oo-laga-daah-furay-laasqoray/ |date=20251009023704 }} [https://docs.unocha.org/sites/dms/Somalia/UNDP-POP-RURAL-URBAN%202005.pdf "Gobollada, degmooyinka, iyo dadkooda: Soomaaliya 2005 (qabyo)"] [http://somalitalkradio.com/2007/aug/laasqoray.html "Shirkad Cusub oo gatatey Warshada kaluunka Ee Laas Qoray"] [https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-49281512 "Waa kee wareeg "qaatay" magacii warshadaynta warbixinta ee Laasqoray?"] [https://www.somalilandsun.com/somaliland-puntland-militias-chased-out-of-las-qoray/ "Somaliland: Maleeshiyada Puntland Oo Laga Baacsaday Laas-qoray"] [https://www.daljir.com/warshadii-kaluuka-ee-laasqoray-dayaca-iyo-burburka-ka-muuqda-sawirro/ "Warshaddii Kalluunka Laasqoray: Dayac, Baaba' & Burbur (sawirro)"] [https://www.bbc.com/somali/news/story/2007/11/071128_ganacsiga "Warshada Laas-Qoray oo dib u hawl gashay"] 4v3gtjwsop4s1laklwanmse0xch4mos 0 4827 305758 305627 2026-08-24T05:16:45Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dalalka |native_name = Ururka Jaamcada(Wddmd)Carabta<Br/>'':.جامعة الدول العربية'' |conventional_long_name = Arabic Language States’</>.: |common_name = Arabic Language States:. Midowga Ummadda Carabta: |qaaradda = [[Afrika]],[[Aasiya]] &[[]] |sawir_calan = Flag of the League of Arab States.svg |sawir_qaran = Emblem of the Arab League.svg |image_map = |astaan_calan = Arab League States'" (orthographic projection).svg |image_map = League of Arab States.png File:Map of League of Arab States countries.png |caasimadda = [[Qaahiro]]: [[Baqdaad]]: &[[Dooxa]]:.:!!`?'!!’ |luuqadaha = [[Carabi|Af-Carabi]].:([[Af-Kurdish]]).:[[Af-Ingiriis]]; &[[Turki]]; & [[Af-Urdu]]; & [[Af-Faarisi]].::• |- |caasimada = [[Qaahiro]]:; [[Madiina]]: [[Baqdaad]]: & [[Dooxa]].:•!! |- |GDP_PPP= $35.177’ Trillions’ (€29,357’ trillions) * ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|4th]]) |GDP_PPP_year = (2025* Est.) |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $29,947.00’ |GDP_nominal = "$23.957"-$19.453’ Trillions’ |GDP_nominal_year = 2025 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $24,459.00.!!’ |Gini_year = |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Dawladda = [[Dalalka jaamcada carabta]] |- |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweynaha]]:([[Sacuudi Carabiya]]):[[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = |- |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[Xoghayaha Guud]]:[[Masar]]: [[Imaaraadka Carabta]]: |magac_hogaamiye2 = DR.(MR.).: Ahmed Aboul Gheit _* |MR. Syd. Gamal Abdel Nasser_* |MR. Syd. M. Husny MUBARAK _* |- |darajo_hogaamiye3 = [[Gudoomiye]]: [[Ciraaq]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye3 = (fm)MR. SADDAM HUSSAIN*.(A.M.A.)Al-Tikriti._* MR.Zine El Abidine “Ben ALI3”._* |- |darajo_hogaamiye4 = [[Guddoomiye Kuxigeen]]: [[Aljeeriya]]:-) [[Marooko]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye4 = MR.Prof. Abdelaziz B.TEFLIKHA_* MR.Syd. AlI3 A. SALEH (Al’A’Fmly.!)_* |- |sovereignty_type = '''Ka xoroobey''': |sovereignty_note = |[[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]]''': '''[[Dawlada Cosmaniya]]''' & '''[[Faransiiska]]''': .:`~` |- |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |area = 13,953,041`* |areami² = 5,382,910`* |biyo = |population_estimate =455-425*Million<sup>3</sup> |population_estimate_year = 2022-2025* |lacagta = |Magaca internetka = &nbsp; |wakhti = [[(UTC+0 to +4)]] |furaha_debedda = |furaha internetka = Ir,Is,& tr.!!'? |furaha telefonka = + }} <ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/arab-countries.html</Ref>.: '''Ururka Jaamacada Carabta''' ama '''Ururka Dowladda Jaamacadda Carabta''' waa Urur kulmiya wadamada carabta.Waa urur kulmiya wadamo kuyaala. [[Aasiya]] iyo [[Afrika]] iyo [[Yurub]].:. xubnaha kujira waxaa looyaqaana dawldo caraba.waa dawlado wadaaga arimo dhaqaale iyo arimo siyaasadeed. waxaana ka dhexeeya xidhiidho aad iyo aad ubadan Wadamada xubnaha ka ah Jaamacadda Carabta waxay daboolayaan in ka badan 13,000,000 km2 (5,000,000 sq m) iyo waliba laba qaaradood oo kala duwan: Afrika iyo Aasiya. Goobtaasi waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegalka duurka, sida Sahara. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale ku jira dhulal badan oo aad u sarreeya sida Dooxada Nile, Dooxada Jubba iyo Dooxada Shebelle ee [[Geeska Afrika]], Buuraleyda Atlas ee Maghreb, iyo Bariiska Fertile ee sii fidiya Mesopotamia iyo Levant. Aagga ayaa ka kooban kaymo qoto dheer oo ku yaal koonfurta Carabta iyo qaybo ka mid ah webiga ugu dheer dunida, Niilka. Qowmiyad-kala-duwan, diini ah, iyo luuqado badan. Diin-badan, Luuqado badan, & Qowmiyado kala duwan.Luuqadaha badan, Qowmiyadaha kala duwan, & Diimaha badan; oo macneheedu yahay Dhaqamada kala duwan ee wayn. Jaartarka Jaamacadda Carabta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Heshiiska Jaamacadda Carabta, ayaa ah heshiiskii aasaasay ee Jaamacadda Carabta. 1945-kii la aqbalay, waxa uu dhigayaa in "Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu uu ka kooban yahay Dawladaha Carbeed ee madaxbannaan oo saxiixay Heshiiskan.". Markii hore, 1945, waxaa jiray lix xubnood oo keliya. Maanta, Jaamacadda Carabta waxay leedahay 22 xubnood, oo ay ka mid yihiin saddex dal oo Afrikaan ah oo ka kala yimi qaybaha ugu waaweyn (Sudan, Algeria iyo Liibiya) iyo waddanka ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe (Sacuudi Carabiya). Shan waddan waxay leeyihiin xaalad kormeeree oo xaq u siinaya inay muujiyaan ra'yigooda oo ay bixiyaan talo laakiin waxay diidaan xuquuqda codbixinta. [[Jaamacadda Carab]] tu waxay u qaybsantaa shan qaybood marka ay timaado gaadiidka, jasiiradda Carabta iyo Bariga dhow ayaa si buuxda ugu xiran hawada, badda, waddooyinka iyo tareenada. Qeyb kale oo ka mid ah League waa dooxada Niil, oo ka kooban Masar iyo Suudaan. Labadan dawladood waxay bilaabeen inay hagaajiyaan nidaamka Nile Nile ee habka safarka si loo wanaajiyo helitaanka iyo sida ganacsi loo korsado. Nidaamka tareenada cusub ayaa sidoo kale lagu wadaa inuu ku xiro magaalada koonfurta Masar ee Abu Simbel iyo waqooyiga Suudaan ee Wadi Halfa iyo ka dibna Khartoum iyo Port Sudan. Qaybta saddexaad ee horyaalka waa Maghreb, halkaas oo 3,000 km oo gawaarida gawaarida ah ay ka socdaan magaalooyinka koonfurta ee Morocco ilaa Tripoli oo ku yaala galbeedka Libya. Qaybta afaraad ee horyaalka waa Geeska Afrika, oo wadamada xubnaha ka ah ay ka mid yihiin Jabuuti iyo Soomaaliya. Labadan dawladood ee Carabta ayaa kala qaybiyay kaliya toban mayl u jirta jasiiradda Carabta ee Bab el Mandeb, taasina si dhakhso ah ayay isu bedeshaa, sida Tarik bin Laden, oo ah walaalkii Osama bin Laden, oo bilaabay dhisidda mashruuc ballaadhan ee mashruuca Horn Horns , kaas oo ugu dambeyntii ujeedkiisu yahay inuu ku xiro Geeska Afrika oo leh Jasiiradda Carabta adoo adeegsanaya buundo weyn. Mashruucan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu fududeeyo oo la dedejiyo ganacsiga iyo ganacsiga qarniyadii hore ee u dhexeeyay labada gobol. Qaybta ugu dambeysa ee horyaalka waa jasiiradda go'doomin ee Comoros, taas oo aan ku xirnayn dawlad kale oo Carbeed ah, laakiin wali waxay la shaqaysaa xubnaha kale ee Arabic Languages. Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay hodan ku tahay khayraadka, sida saliid weyn iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dalalka xubnaha ka ah. Warshad kale oo si joogta ah u sii kordhaysa ee Jaamacadda Carabtu waa isgaarsiin. Muddo ka yar 10 sano, shirkadaha maxaliga ah sida Orascom iyo Etisalat waxay ku guuleysteen inay tartan caalami ah sameeyaan. Horumarka dhaqaale ee ay bilowday Ururka Iskaashatada Wadamada xubnaha ka ah ayaa ka qosol badan kuwii ka soo baxay ururada yar yar ee Carabta sida Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC). Waxaa ka mid ah Pipeline Arab Pipeline, kaas oo gaas Masar iyo Ciraaq geyn doona [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], Lubnaan, iyo Palestine; Laga soo bilaabo 2013.:• isbeddel muuqda oo ka dhexeeya xaaladaha dhaqaale ayaa ka dhexeeya dalalka saliida ee saliida ee [[Algeria]], [[Qatar]], [[Kuwait]] iyo [[United Arab Emirates]], iyo dalalka soo koraya sida [[Comoros]], [[Jabuuti]], [[Mauritania]], [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Eratareya]] dda.!! Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu waa urur siyaasadeed oo isku daya in uu gacan ka geysto sidii loo xoojin lahaa xubnaheeda dhaqaale ahaan, iyo xallinta khilaafaadka ku lug leh dalalka xubnaha ka ah adoon weydiisan kaalmo shisheeye. Waxay leedahay lahjado xubin baarlamaan ah oo wakiil ka ah arrimaha arrimaha dibedda sida badan waxaa lagu maareyn doonaa kormeerka QM.!!'? Jaangooyada Jaamacadda Carabta [5] waxay taageertay mabda'a dhulkii Carabta iyada oo la ixtiraamayo xushmadnimada dawladaha xubnaha ka ah. Xeerarka gudaha ee Golaha Jaamacadda [20] iyo guddiyada [21] waxay ku heshiiyeen Oktoobar 1951. Xoghaynta Guud waxaa lagu heshiiyay May 1953. Tan iyo markaas, maamulka Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay ku saleysnaayeen labadii hay'adood ee heer qaran iyo madax-bannaanida wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Ilaalinta dawladnimada shakhsi ahaaneed waxay ka heshay awoodeeda ka soo jeeda dabiiciga dabiiciga ah ee awooda xukunka ah si ay u ilaaliyaan awooddooda iyo madax-bannaanida go'aaminta. Intaa waxaa dheer, cabsida hodanka ah ee saboolka ah ee saboolka ah inuu la wadaagi karo hantidiisa magaca Ummadda Carabta, khilaafyada ka dhexeeya madaxda Carabta, iyo saamaynta awoodaha dibadda ee laga yaabo inay ka soo horjeedaan midnimada Carabta ayaa loo arki karaa caqabado dhinaca isdhexgalka qoto dheer ee horyaal . [[File:Camel factory Nablus December 2008.JPG|thumb|right|395px|Nablu, Palestine]] [[File:Raouda.JPG|thumb|right|View from the western side of the Hujra, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Burial of Muhammad.jpg|thumb|right|Wall of the Burial of the Prophet Muhammed (PBHM),[[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:World Heritage Sites in the Arab World]] value: call: reading: source presentation: previous versions: Partially protected: Incomplete-document-purple.svg This entry must be completed : this entry lacks essential content. You may find details on the conversation page . You are invited to complete the missing parts and remove this message. Consider creating titles for chapters that require completion, and transfer the template to them. editing Disambiguate RTL.svg The term "Arab" redirects here. For the entry dealing with the island in the Persian Gulf, see Arab (island) . Arab Muslims Arabs & Muslims Al-Khansaa, Al-Khandi, Yohanan of Damascus, Philip the Arab, May Ziada, Asmahan, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Faisal the First Al-Khansaa , Al-Khandi , Yohanan of Damascus , Philip the Arab , May Ziada , Asmahan , Gamal Abdel Nasser , Faisal the First population 425 million Main population concentrations Arab countries some of the African countries see also: [[Israeli Arabs]] Languages: Arabic: religion: Islam: Christianity: Druze religion: related ethnic groups: Celestial peoples: [[Maltese]] , [[Jews]] , [[Samaritans]] and [[Assyrians]].!!'.!!’ Distribution of the Arabic language : A single official language.!! official shared language with the majority of Arab natives.!! Official shared language due to significant minorities, history, or cultural reasons. Arabs are a people of Semitic origin and an ethnic group from the Arabian Peninsula . After the emergence of Islam in the 7th century , the Arab population spread in the Middle East and North Africa in a series of waves of migration, conquest and cultural influence. Countries where the Arabs constitute a clear majority of the population are called " Arab countries ". Today, the name is used as a nickname for the natives of these countries, whose mother tongue is Arabic and the vast majority of them are Muslim (most of them Sunni ). The most common definitions for the name Arabs in thought and literature, in academic research and in the media, are: Politically : People who are citizens of countries that are members of the Arab League (or in a broader generalization, the Arab world), but not all Arab countries are members of the Arab League and these countries also have non-Arab citizens. This definition includes over 300-450 million people. The Arab Leagues includes several African countries, such as Djibouti , Comoros and Somalia , whose Arabic is one of their official languages ​​but whose inhabitants are not Arabs at all. And there are Arabs who are not citizens of these countries (for example, in the United States , Israel and European countries). Linguistic: people whose mother tongue is Arabic , or who at least speak Arabic in their daily and personal lives, even if they did not grow up using it. This definition includes over 200 million people who speak different dialects of the Arabic language. Ethnic - Genealogical - Racial : Humans who live, or whose ancestors lived in the Arabian Peninsula and whose genetic and physical characteristics are originally characterized mainly by the original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula . Cultural: people who see themselves as Arabs (regardless of ethnic and genealogical origins), whose culture and way of life are Arabs and are recognized as Arabs by others. The majority of Arabs are Muslims (mostly Sunnis and a minority of Shias’ and members of other minority classes), and a minority of them are Christians , Druze and others.[1] etymology: The word "Arab" in this meaning is mentioned in the Bible several times. Thus, for example, the book of Nehemiah mentions the " Arab rain " that some scholars identify with King Kedar .[2]Also in the Book of Kings, "the kings of the evening" are mentioned[3]And it seems that this phrase refers to the rulers of the Arabian Peninsula, with whom King Solomon had trade relations.[4]The word "Arab" also appears in the Bible in the meaning of the inhabitant of the steppe . In Semitic languages, as a rule, the root A.R.B carries the meanings of: west, sunset (evening), desert (Arab), mix, trade, crow and clear. All or some of them can have a connection to the origin of the name. [ source needed ] It is also possible that the name can have consonants and the origin of the name is actually in the root A.B.R. in connection with their nomadic way of life. [ source required ] In the Qur'an the word "Arab" does not appear as a noun but only as an adjective, for example, the Qur'an refers to itself as "Arab and clear" when the two attributes are related to each other. history: This chapter is lacking. Please contribute to Wikipedia and complete it . You may find details on the conversation page . BC The soldiers of the Assyrian Empire defeat "Gindibu, King of Arabia" riding a camel and his soldiers The first mention of the Arabs in writing is from an Assyrian inscription from 853 BC ( the Necessary Monolith ), in which King Shalmenser III named " Gindibu , King of Arabia" among the rulers he defeated in the Battle of Karkar . Starting from the Assyrian period and following the domestication of the camel, Arab traders played a central role In the trade between the ancient Near East and the Horn of Africa and ancient Yemen . There is evidence of trade relations of the peoples of the ancient Near East with the kingdoms of the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula, the main commercial relation between them was regarding myrrh and frankincense which were used in the perfume industry and were common in the Arabian Peninsula. An ancient Arabic inscription was found in a building from the days of the First Temple in the City of David , which indicates that a Jewish official who knew the language and had relations with one of the Arab kingdoms of the time lived there. The Nabataeans migrated in a massive migration at the end of the Persian period from the north of the Arabian Peninsula towards the south of Jordan and the Negev , they conquered and assimilated the remains of the Moabites and the Ammonites and pushed the Adomites north to the south of Mount Hebron in the territories of Judea.:• After counting: As a general rule, the great empires of the ancient world did not conquer the Arabian Peninsula, unlike the rest of the Middle East, even the Sasanian Empire , which ruled the eastern and southern coasts of the peninsula, did not reach the interior of the country or the western coastal region where the cities of Mecca and Medina are located - apparently for lack of interest economic in this desert region that cannot sustain fertile agriculture . Before Muhammad's time , the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were idolaters?, Christians? or Jews? (descendants of Jewish exiles from the Land of Israel and also Arabs who converted under their influence, such as the Kingdom of Hamir ).!!’ The period before Muhammad is called in Islamic literature: "The Age of Ignorance", or the "Jahiliyyah" . During this period the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were divided into the northern tribes and the southern tribes. The tribal tradition claimed that the people of the north are the descendants of Adnan and Ishmael , while the people of the south are the descendants of a legendary figure named Qahtan . When there are those who suggest that Kakhatan is Yakattan son of the biblical past.[6]In the Arabian Peninsula , nomadic tribes ( Bedouins ) and permanent tribes lived. The permanent tribes lived in cities or deserts and engaged in agriculture or trade . Unlike them, the nomadic tribes were engaged in escorting caravans that passed through the peninsula. Later there were also Arab groups who became Christians (see: Christian Arabs). After the rise of Islam and its consolidation in the Arab kingdoms, Muhammad and his army went north towards the territories of the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire , which were in a period of depression and enjoyed a lasting peace between them. Muhammad's ambition to conquer the world known until then was blocked in the territories of the Gulf of Eilat , and although he sent a letter to the Jews of Eilat (the Byzantine "doe") in which he ordered them to accept his new religion or prepare for their death, it was precisely Muhammad who met his death three years after declaring Islam as The "religion of truth" to control the other nations. The Arab conquest of the Land of Israel brought the Arabs to the Land of Israel , but they could not defeat the Byzantine Empire and were helped by Jewish collaborators who were tired of life as an oppressed and persecuted religious and cultural minority in their country and fought alongside the Arabs against the continuation of Byzantine rule. The Arabs treated the Jews and Christians in the Land of Israel as dhimmis , while the Samaritans , whom Muhammad did not know and therefore did not mention in the Koran as monotheists , were forced to convert to Islam by the force of the sword or die, and when they refused, they almost led to their destruction. After the Arab conquest of the Middle East , Arabs who migrated from the Arabian Peninsula spread to the occupied space: The [[Levant]] , [[Egypt]] and the [[Maghreb]] Greater countries . Later in the course of history, on the one hand, the majority of the conquered peoples began to see themselves as "Arabs" as well, even if it was only a cultural issue due to the Islamization of their country and people without blood ties to the Arab conquerors, and on the other hand, the immigration of Muslim pilgrims of non-Arab origin began The lands that were conquered towards the Arabian Peninsula for religious reasons etc. were assimilated into the local Arab population. The Arab-Muslim conquest also expanded into Europe , with the conquest of Spain by the Moors .!!'?'! see also Islam: Judaism-Islam relations; Israeli Arabs: for further reading: Bernard Lewis , The Arabs in History , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing , 1995. Albert Hourani , History of the Arab Nations , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing, 1996. Pierre Vidal-Naka (ed.), From the Arab Conquest to Imperial Islam, in: The History of the World from the Dawn of Mankind to the Present , Tel Aviv: Yediot Ahronoth Publishing; 993,pp. 7-10. aurchive Forigh Ministry of Saudi Arabia. Prince Saud Al-Fasiel. House of Al Saud Family….!!’?’… <Ref> {{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://stepfeed.com/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490 |access-date=2025-06-16 |archive-date=2025-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250616214621/https://stepfeed.com/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490 |url-status=dead }} </Ref>.:• <Ref> https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-dangerous-countries-for-women>/Ref{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}>.: “… Le saviez-vous ? Pour les stars du porno gay, être attirant n'a d'importance que dans le porno gay. Dans le porno hétéro, l'attention est presque toujours portée sur la star.…!!’..” <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-most-beautiful-women </Ref>.: <Ref>https://armedforces.eu/compare/country_Arab_League_vs_European_Union_EU</Ref>.:• December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 Iraqi Kurdish leader Masoud Barzani's September 25, 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in Arab countries, as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October; 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights. Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the [[Arab world]]. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of [[Israel]]. ][[Israel]] is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/iq-by-country.php</Ref>.:• [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. <Ref>https://www.defensenews.com/home/2015/04/01/arab-league-sets-new-defense-force-at-40,000/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized</Ref>.::• <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://amnesty.ca/features/5-death-penalty-myths-debunked/</Ref>.::• ==Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.”== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |05”.||[[File:Flag of Japan.svg|189px]]<s>[[Jabaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |06.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191">[http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf p. 192]</Ref>. |- |07.".||[[File:Flag of Korea.svg|189px]]<s>[[Kuuriya]]<s!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |08"'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |09'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |10".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |11.".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |11.||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<S>[[SADR]]<s's!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |12".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |13.".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |14.".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |15.".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |17.||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|191px]][[Bangladesh]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |16.=||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>.. |- |18.'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<S>[[Falastiin]]<s'!> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |19.”’.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |20.".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!!>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |21."_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |23.".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |24.".||[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|191px]]<S>[[Injamiina]]<s'!>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |25.".||[[File:Flag of France.svg|189px]]<S>[[Quebec]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |26.".||[[File:Flag of Romania.svg|189px]]<S>[[Bucarest]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |28._.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s!'> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |} <Ref>https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-missions-worldwide.php</Ref>.::.!'! <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: <ReF>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-developed-countries-in-africa</ReF>.: ===Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.!'!”=== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.".||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |02.".||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |03.".||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |04.".||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>.: |- |05”.||[[File:Flag of Japan.svg|189px]]<s>[[Tokyo]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |06.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]]<!!>[[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191"/>. |- |07.".||[[File:Flag of Korea.svg|189px]]<S>[[Seyul]]<s!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |08."'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |09.'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |10.".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |11.".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |11.".||[[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|191px]]<!?>[[SADR]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |12.".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |13.".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |14.".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |15.".||[[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|189px]]<S>[[Ankara]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |16.".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |17.||[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|191px]][[Bangladesh]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |18.||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |19.'."'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<s!>[[Falastiin]]<S!> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |20.'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |21.".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]]<!?>[[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |23.."_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<S>[[Barunay]]<s'!> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |24.".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<S>[[Komoros]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |25".||[[File:Flag of Chad.svg|191px]]<S>[[Injamiina]]<s'!>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |26.".||[[File:Flag of France.svg|189px]]<S>[[Lévis, Quebec]]<s!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |27._.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<S>[[Fiktoria]]<s!'> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |28.."_.||[[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|191px]]<S>[[Soviet Union]]']]<s!'?> |- |29."_.||[[File:Flag of Djibouti.svg|191px]]<S'>[[Djabuti]].!'!]]<s'> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |} <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• |- <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-death-penalty</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |} |- [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. |- <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: |- <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Europe</Ref>.: |- |- <!>[[Militaries of:; Argentine; BRAZILiAN;& FRANCAIS3; Italiano; Espanayol; Portugalese;: R…………….!’?..!’?’ & TURKSH States.;;!'!.!'!.!'!]] [[MILITARY Of '"United Kingdoms of Great BRITAIN; CNDNS & Ausies.!'?’& NZL; & IRLNDS.!'!'(.!'!'):; ARMIES EUROPEANS UNIONS.;!'!.!'!.!'!]]<S'!> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>.::…!’! | |} <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/continents/antarctica</Ref>.::.::. <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/regions/european-union</Ref>.: |- <Ref>httphttps://worldpopulationreview.com/continents/antarctica</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.unescwa.org/news/escwa-releases-new-report-real-sizes-arab-economies-between-2017-and-2023</Ref>.:• ==Bassborka Jaamacada Carabta== <gallery mode="traditional" caption="" class="center"> File:Algerian passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Algeria}}[[Algerian passport|Algeria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}. File:Cover of Mauritanian Biometric Passport.png|{{flagicon|Algeria}}<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:New_Egyptian_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Egypt}}[[Egyptian passport|Egypt]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Syria}}.` File:Libyan_New_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Libya}}[[Libyan passport|LBY]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:BioPassMaroc.JPG|{{flagicon|Morocco}}[[Moroccan passport|MAR]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Tunisia}}. File:Passeport Tunisie 2014.jpg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Tunisian passport|Tunisia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|TN}}. File:Cover of Iraqi Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Iraq}}[[Iraqi passport|Iraq]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.` File:The New Lebanese Biometric Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Lebanon}}[[Lebanese Passport|Lebanon]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Libya}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Oman}}[[Omani passport|Oman]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} File:Bahraincover.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Qatar}}[[Bahraini passport|Bahrain]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Bahrain}}. File:Kuwait passport.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Kuwait}}[[Kuwaiti passport|Kuwait]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Qa.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Bahrain}}[[Qatari passport|Qatar]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Qatar}}. File:Saudi Arabia Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}}[[Saudi Arabian passport|Saudi Arabia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Jordanian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Jordan}}[[Philistine passport|Jordan]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:UAE Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]][[Emirati passport|United Arab Emirates]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Regular Syrian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Syria}}[[Syrian passport|Syria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Yemen Passport.svg|küçükresim|Yemen pasaportu]]|{{flagicon|Yemen}}[[Yemeni passport|Yemen]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sudan passport cover.JPG|{{flagicon|Sudan}}[[Sudanese passport|Sudan]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sahrawi passport.jpg|{{flagicon|ESH}}[[Sahrawi passport|ESH]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|MAR}}.!!`?`!!`? File:Somaliland Passport Cover.svg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Somali passport|Somaliland]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Maldives}}.!!`? File:Cover of Eritrean Passport.jpeg|{{flagicon|Eritrea}}[[Djibouti passport|Djibouti]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|14px]]{{flagicon|Djibouti}}. File:Cover of Chadian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Chad}}[[Chadian passport|Chad]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|SYC}}.!!`? <Ref>https://visaindex.com/country/chad-passport-ranking/</Ref>.!!`? <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/19/tunisian-autocrat-ben-ali-dies-in-saudi-exile</Ref>.: !!`?`!!`?'?!' </gallery> [[File:Comorian Passport.png|120px]][[Comorian passport|Comoros]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Comoros}}.!!`? Comoros}}.!!`? Carabiya]].]] [[File:Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz.jpg|thumb|central|King Faisal bin Abdulaziz.jpg: "as" King of [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Ring with engraved portrait of Ptolemy VI Philometor (3rd–2nd century BCE) - 2009.jpg|thumb|Center|25xp|Crown of Ptolemy VI Philometor as [[Egyptian]] Pharoah. Louvre Museum.: [[Baaris]];[[France]].)]] <Ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia</Ref>.::.::.:: [[File:Bangladeshi E-Passport.svg|125px]][[Bangladesh passport|Bangladesh]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|11px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}.: [[File:JapanpassportNew10y.PNG|21px]]|{{flagicon|Japan}}[[Persian|Japan]].:[[File:KOR ePassport.jpg|25px]]{{flagicon|Korea}}PR"China.: [[File:Manara clocktower.JPG|thumb|Manara]][[https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php]]..!!’ [[File:16-03-31-Hebron-Altstadt-RalfR-WAT 5717.jpg|thumb|right|195px|Exterior view with (I.& P.Guard):; Isrealian Police.&_.Philistianian Police Guard]] <Ref>https://www.refworld.org/legal/constinstr/las/1945/en/13854</Ref> [[File:Old city of Nablus.JPG|thumb|right|Alley in the Old City leading to and from the [[souk]], 20018]] [[File:Nineveh Nebi Yunus Excavation Bull-Man Head.JPG|thumb|right|196px|[[Lamassu|Winged Bull]] excavated at Nebi Yunus by Iraqi/?\Irani (Persian.!) archaeologists]],`~` <Ref> {{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |access-date=2023-04-23 |archive-date=2023-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423051219/https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/ |dead-url=yes }} </Ref>.::. After killing an [[Egyptian]] slave-master who was beating a [[Hebrew]]; [[Moses]] fled across the [[Red Sea]] to Midian, where he encountered the Angel of the Lord, speaking.!'! … https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-present-day-Egyptians-predominantly-Arabs-despite-the-fact-that-the-ancient-Egyptians-where-not.:.: [[File:Turkish Passport.svg|21px]]|{{flagicon|Korea}}[[Turkish passport|Turkish]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Turkey}}.: From Britannica and Wikipedia and "World" Libraries.!!` [[Arabs]] are the people of an [[ethnic]] group who come from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and speak the [[Arabic language]] . According to [[Jewish]] and [[Arab]] tradition, they are the grandchildren of [[Ishmael]] , the son of Avraham Abino . Content 1 The Arab world. 2 Religion. 2.1 Ancient times. 3 The Arabic language's. 4 History and civilization. 5 Arab events. 6 Ottoman decline: 7 The question of Palestine: 8 Arab relations with Arab Jews: The [[Arab world]]: The [[Arab world]] covers most of the countries in the [[Middle East]] and North [[Africa]] except [[Iran]] , [[Turkey]] and [[Bakistaan]] , and the Land of [[Israaiil]].!!'? The Arab countries are: [[Algeria]] , [[Baxrayn]] , [[Egypt]] , [[Iraq]] , [[Jordan]] ,[[Kuwait]] , [[Lubnaan]] , [[Libya]] , [[Marooko]] , [[Cumaan]] ,[[Komoros]], [[Qatar]] , [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] , [[Suudaan]] , [[Suuriya]] , [[Tunisia]] , the [[United Arab Emirates]] , [[Mauritania]], [[Jad]], and [[Yemen]]; [[Eratareya]]; Plus The Whole* [[Somaliland]] are also included even if the [[Soomaalida]].: They Don't "ALLOW" to speak [[Arabic]] [[Language]]; "Economically"; and "Gegraphically"; & "Politically"..Just like [[Turkiga]]; [[Iiraan]] ta but In "African Continent" NOT "ASIAN".• .!!`?'!.! In addition, approximately two million Arabs also live in the occupied areas of the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza]] in the State of Israel . Almost one million Arabs also live in Israel itself. Arabs also moved to many places in the world especially [[Europe]] and [[Americas]]. Arabs are a diverse people, but there are some elements that unite them. The most important of them are the Islamic beliefs and the Arabic language, and the culture and history associated with them.!!'? One day, after [[Moses]] had reached adulthood, he killed an [[Egyptian]] who was beating a [[Hebrew]]. To escape [[Pharaoh's death penalty]], [[Moses]] fled to Midian (a desert country south of Judah), where he married [[Zipporah]].::. ==Religion and Science.!!'?== The largest part of Arabs are Muslims . There are also many Christian Arabs, especially in Lebanon , Syria , Egypt , and the Palestinian territories . Islam was found in the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century. It spread quickly over a large part of Asia and Africa , and that is why today there are many Muslims who are not in the [[Arab world]]. Islam, Arab and non-Arab, has two parts: Sunni and Shua . Sunni Islam is the greater part, and most Arabs are Sunni, but in some countries the majority are Shua, mainly Iraq and Bahrain . ==Ancient times.!!'== Until Islam came, most Arabs were polytheists . Some tribes of Arabs under the Hamid kingdom converted to Judaism, or accepted the Christian religion. ==The Arabic languages.!!'== Postscript-viewer-shaded.png See the main article - Arabic Arabic belongs to the family of Semitic languages, together with the holy Hebrew (22 & 23) , and Aramaic. Although Arabic is the giant Semitic out there, The Language 28-31* …letters, and they are written from right to left…...!!’?’!!’? “…. Arabic is another language with a non-Latin alphabet. Though it consists of 28* characters, the complex Arabic script is still often said to be quite hard to learn. Arabic grammar is very different from English grammar, and Arabic is a highly gendered language……” There are three main versions of the Arabic language: 1st. Quranic or Classical, 2nd. Modern Standard, and 3rd. Colloquial or Daily.!!’ Roughly 25* Dialects fall under these three versions, with some mutually unintelligible and others barely different. As a language learner, deciding to learn Arabic’s is the first step.!!’ “….Arabic developed hundred thousand years ago among the Bedouins in the deserts of Arabian Peninsula..”!!’ Its growth was aided by the tradition of poetry which was very advanced in its oral form before it was written down. With the advent of Islam , the Koran became the model of the Arabic language.:• ==History and Civilization.!!'== The name Arab to refer to the nomads and camel leaders of northern Arabia is already found in writings from almost three thousand years ago. Later, the term was used for all the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Surrounding Arae . Arabs were then a society of tribes. They were grouped according to their family and genealogy, and referred to a single lineage. The Arab society, however, was fragmented thanks to the very difficult conditions of living in the deserts, and therefore there were often fights between tribes and families. It did not appear any Arab country until the arrival of Islam.!!'?' ==Arabic performances.!!'== Islamic civilization, Arab and non-Arab, flourished during the era of the Abbasid caliphs, who ruled over the entire Islamic world from their capital in Baghdad in the years 750 to 1258. The rise of Islamic civilization includes Advances in literature , philosophy , and medicine . Greek philosophy such as the works of Plato and Aristotle were translated into Arabic. Islamic medical writings were used in Europe until the 1600s. Arab sages also made great advances in mathematics. The numbers we use today are called "Arabic numbers" because they were developed by the Arabs and Muslims. Also the division of mathematics "algebra" is an Arab invention, and comes from the Arabic word "Al-Dzabr". ==Ottoman "Turks" decline and " “Arab’s Pple’s League's” World Rise".!!'== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s, and 1850s the flourishing of Arab and Islamic culture began to decline with them.!! Many Arab countries then came under the rule of European Colonizing powers. At the end of the First World War 1, the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and Most of the Arab countries were under European rule.!!’?’ ==The question of Palestin.!!'?== Throughout the First World War , the British promised Arab leaders that Palestine would be included in the territories that would go to the Arabs for independence. The British then promised Palestine to the leaders of the Zionist movement. The history of the Arab-Israeli conflict lies in the mutual promises, as well as the Arab opposition to a Jewish state in the region. ==Arab Muslims relations with Arab Jews.!!'== After the mid-1940s, the situation changed drastically, almost all Arab countries were literally emptied of Jews one after the other, the Polish Arabs have a bitter hatred towards the Jews, almost no Jews are seen before their eyes. The Neturi Karta say that this is a direct result of the movement of Zionism, and later the creation of the Jewish land. Categories : ==Islamic.!!'/|\.Moslim States.!!'?== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the 1900s, the flourishing of [[Arab]] and [[Islamic]] culture began to decline with them. Many Arab countries then came under the rule of [[European]] powers. At the end of the First World War , the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and many Arab countries were under [[European]] rule.!!` <Ref>https://wikiislam.github.io/wiki/Muslim_Statistics_-_Pornography.html</Ref>.: ==Warka== December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 [[Iraqi]] [[Kurdish]] leader Masoud Barzani's September; 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in [[Arab countries]], as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October 2, 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the Arab world. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of Israel. Israel is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. ===BIODIVERSITY=== I am a Palestinian American who is tired of stupid people. I wanted to share a (not exhaustive) list of 50 useful and indisputable facts on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. FACT No. [#01.] Some Jews are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#02.] Some Muslims are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#03.] Some Christians are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No.[#04.] Some Arabs are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. [#05.] Some Americans are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. 6. Some Israelis are shitty and awful people.!?' FACT No. 7. Some Palestinians are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No.[#08.] Not all Jews are Israelis.!'? FACT No.[#09.] Not all Israelis are Jews.!'? FACT No.[#10.] Not all Jews are white.!'? FACT No. [#11.] Not all Israelis are white.!'? FACT No. [#12.] Not all Muslims are Arabs.!'? FACT No. 13. Not all Arabs are Muslim.!'? FACT No. 14. Not all Palestinians are Muslims.!'? FACT No. 15. Not all Arabs are Palestinian.!'? FACT No. 16. Not all Palestinians are Haumaus.!'? FACT No. 17. [[Texans]] are not [[Arizonans]].!'? FACT No. 18. Germans are not Dutch..(The word Dutch comes from a Proto-Germanic word meaning “of the people.” It shares a root with the German word [[Deutsch]], which has led to some confusing names. The name Germans call Germany, for example, is [[Deutschland]] and the people there [[Deutsch]]. [[Dutch]] and German are related, after all, both being Germanic languages.).!'? FACT No. 19. Palestinians are not Jordanians.!'? FACT No. 20. [Egyptians] are not Palestinians.!'? FACT No. 21. Where you are born does not actually determine anything about you.!'? FACT No. 22. Your passport is not your political beliefs. FACT No. 23. Your government is not your morality.!'? FACT No. 24. Not all Jews like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 25. Not all Israelis like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 26. Not all Palestinians like the Palestinian government. FACT No. 27. Israeli governments have committed acts of terror and violence against the Palestinian people. FACT No. 28. Palestinian organizations have committed acts of terror and violence against the Israeli people.!'? FACT No. 29. US leaders do things that I do not agree with (e.g., 2016–2020). FACT No. 30. Israeli leaders do things that Israelis do not agree with. FACT No. 31. Palestinian leaders do things that Palestinians do not agree with. FACT No. 32. What happened to the Israeli civilians on 10/7 2023* is fucking awful, and Hamas has earned every fucking thing that the Israeli military throws at them. FACT No. 33. What is happening in Gaza to civilians is fucking awful, and not the smartest thing for Israel to do, and some aspects of Israeli military activity may be [[war crimes]], and it doesn’t have to be genocide for it to be tragic.!'? FACT No. 34. You can advocate for Palestine without being a racist, anti-semitic piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 35. You can advocate for Israel without being a racist, anti-Arab piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 36. People like to have sex with each other, and they sometimes procreate with people outside their tribes.! '? FACT No. 37. No one in the Levant is indigenous. Every fucking empire in history has fucked their way through the Levant. There is no pure indigeneity. And let’s be honest: The entire planet has been colonized..by [[Europeans]] Powers..and In Ancient (..hominids from the Great Rift Valley). FACT No. [#38.] Palestinians and Israelis share paternal Bronze Age DNA. Yes, even Ashkenazi Jews.!'?... FACT No. 39. Stop with the fucking history lessons about what the Israelites did, or what the [[OTTOMANS]] did, or what the [[BRITISH]] did, or whatever. It is Fucking "IMPERIAL SHIT" There is a pile of DOG shit in the living room. Instead of arguing about whose DOG took the bigger shit in the living room, maybe focus on how we clean up the dog shit, and maybe we keep the DOGS outside.!'? FACT No. 40. Any people have a right to group together and self-identify as whatever-the-fuck-they-want-to-self-identify as. When they get large enough as a group, those people have the right to self-determination and self-respect and a state where they can control their own destinies. FACT No. 41. Whether you like the idea or not, the Israeli state exists. It will also continue to exist until the ISRAELI people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Israeli) is fucking immaterial. FACT No. 42. Whether you like the idea or not, a Palestinian state will exist at some point, and it will continue to exist until the PALESTINIAN people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Palestinian) is fucking immaterial.!'? FACT No. 43. You cannot bomb a people into true submission  —  the Blitz did not soften [[British]] morale.!?'.. FACT No. 44. You cannot fight a war and kill a people’s desire for safety, freedom and self-determination. You can stifle it. You can try to ignore it, but one way or another, you will have to deal with it. This is as true for my Israeli friends as it is for my Palestinian ones. FACT No. 45. The solution to the [[Middle East]] conflict will not be found on Threads, or TikTok, or in the streets of any city that isn’t within a two-hour car ride from downtown Jerusalem.!'? FACT No. 46. If you want to be an ally to Palestinians, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Israelis and Jews. FACT No. 47. If you want to be an ally to Israelis, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Palestinians and Muslims and Arabs. FACT No. 48. If you just want to advocate for peace, try to be a voice for reason, and don’t inflame or over-simplify an already chaotic, complicated and deeply emotional issue. Help people find common ground and help bring the temperature down. You can be moral and stand up for what you believe in without being an ASSHOLE.!'?... FACT No. 49. Yes, an amazing one-state liberal democracy where Palestinian boys and girls could fuck Israeli boys and girls and make cute babies, and everybody spoke Hebrew and Arabic and we all agreed that [[hummus]] and [[falafel]] are delicious and Palestinian and sufganiyot are delicious and Israeli would be awesome. But this wonderful future has about as much chance of happening in the near term as this 5’8″ 56'"-year-old Palestinian has being a starter for the [[Golden State Warrior]]s. A two-state solution is the only workable one.!'? FACT No. 50. Hummus is Palestinian. I am immovable on this.!'?' Moe Aa. Hussein is a Palestinian-American creative with a filmmaking background interested in the intersection of experience and technology. This list originally ran on his Medium blog.!'? The Citizen welcomes guest commentary from community members who represent that it is their own work and their own opinion based on true facts that they know firsthand.:. <Ref>https://waleedgohar469.medium.com/a-media-rich-guide-on-facts-about-palestine-70022565965d</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/</</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.factretriever.com/israel-facts</Ref>.: 5 Interesting Facts About Palestine (Find Out)! Waleed Gohar Waleed Gohar · Follow 3 min read · Jun 22, 2020 Listen Share Introduction: Palestine is a land which has a lot of things for its readers. This is a land which is located in Asia but there is much more to know, apart from its location. Therefore, let’s dive straight into some facts about Palestine. Is 3G available in Palestine? The 3G services are not available in Palestine apart from a few locations. Why is this? Facts About Palestine (3G Network) This is because the Israeli restrictions do not allow the Palestinian people to have access to the 3G services openly. There has been a conversation about this over the past few years of Palestine National Authority with the Israeli authorities but in vain. The Economy of Palestine: Palestine is a land that is considered unsafe by many people, but is it true? To understand this, first, understand that tourism is an important part of the economy of Palestine. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited Palestine. This is a pretty decent figure for a land that is considered unsafe for many people. Furthermore, the stone industry in Palestine is also a very important part of its economy. To understand how important is the stone industry to Palestine, it is to Palestine as the textile is to Pakistan. And what is textile is to Pakistan? 60% of the exports of Pakistan are based on the cotton textile industries that provide half of the countries employment! The majority of exports of Palestine are to Israel, Jordan, America and some European countries. The National Animal of Palestine: Gazelle is the national animal of Palestine which is known for its speed. The Palestinian government has been trying to protect this creature as it is an important symbol for the Palestinians. Facts About Palestine (Gazelle) Photo by Bas van Brandwijk on Unsplash These beautiful thin creatures are mostly found in Africa and Asia. They resemble deer and they are from the family of goats, sheep and cattle. The dama Gazelle is the largest Gazelle. The National Flower of Palestine: Palestinian poppy is the natural flower of Palestine. This beautiful flower is bright red and the scientific name of the Palestinian Poppy is Anemone coronaria. The flower originally comes from Ranunculaceaefamily (buttercup family). Very fewer flowers have played such an important role in medicine, religion and politics as the poppy. One commonly asked question is that are anemones and poppies same? Although the anemones and poppies belong to a similar flower family, they are not the same thing. The Siege in Gaza: In Gaza, 1.9 million Palestinians are under a brutal siege. The basic human rights have been denied to them and they are constantly exposed to aerial bombing. The political instability and barbarity make Gaza unsafe. The Israeli restrictions in this area are so brutal that the United Nations says that by 2020, the area can be completely inhibited. Conclusion: The facts about Palestine is a very interesting topic. I hope that the article makes sense. Thank You very much for staying with me till the end! <Ref>https://www.memri.org/reports/arab-opposition-to-kurdish-state-hypocritical</Ref>.: "Jabaan" likely refers to the word for "Japan" in the language of the user, which in this case is probably "Swahili" or "Somali", as it is a transliteration of the word "Japan" in these languages. Here's a breakdown: "Jabaan" is a transliteration of "Japan" in Swahili and Somali: The word "Jabaan" is used to refer to the country of Japan in Swahili and Somali. Swahili and Somali are languages spoken in Africa: Swahili is a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, while Somali is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the Horn of Africa….!!’?’….!! ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Unionka Mediterraneanka]] * [[Wadanamaha Jaamacada Carabta Afrika]] * [[Waddnamha Mashriq Jaamacada Carabta]] * https://livingcost.org/ ==10*of the*Most*Endangered Species in Africa== BY OLIVIA LAI AFRICA JUN 27TH 2022/23 EARTH.ORG IS POWERED BY OVER 150 CONTRIBUTING WRITERS 10 of the Most Endangered Species in Africa Africa, the world’s second-largest and second-most populous continent, is wonderfully rich in biodiversity. Thanks to its equally rich natural landscapes and biomes, ranging from arid deserts and savannahs to tropical rainforests and ice-capped mountains, Africa supports about a quarter of the planet’s animal and plant species. But delayed industrialisation and development, human activities such as deforestation – 4 million hectares of African forests are cut down annually, almost double the speed than the global average deforestation rate – and prolonged conflicts have had a devastating impact on wildlife on the continent. All these are being fuelled further by climate change. These are just some of the most endangered species in Africa that are in dire need of protection and conservation, before it’s too late. — ===10*Most*Endangered*Species*in Africa.!!=== [#01.]Black Rhino..!!’?’…!!’?’…!!’ Otherwise known as the hook-lipped rhino, the black rhino is one of two species of rhinoceros native to Africa (the other being the white rhino). Due to rampant poaching to meet a global demand for rhinoceros horn, wildlife trading and trophy hunting, black rhino populations have been decimated and has driven a subspecies, the Western black rhino (Diceros bicornis longipes), to extinction in 2011. Today, there are just over 5,600 individuals left of the critically endangered animal and are limited to just four countries: South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Kenya. As a keystone species, meaning that they hold a significant role within an ecosystem, there have been major efforts to protect and recover population numbers, including greater habitat protection and monitoring systems, as well as harsher fines and sentences for rhino poachers. [#02.]African Elephant.!!’?’!!’?… In the 1970s, Africa was home to 1.3 million elephants. Today, that number has plummeted down to less than 30,000 in the wild. Much like rhinos, elephants have been heavily targeted and poached throughout history due to the ivory trade; ivory tusks were treated as a valuable commodity and a status symbol. As a result, around 90% of African elephants have been wiped out in the past century. Though much of the world has since banned elephant ivory trading, most notably China, illegal poaching and trading still persist. But with significant conservation efforts, countries like Kenya have been experiencing a baby boom in elephants, more than doubling the population in 30 years. But other major threats to the species remain: human-wildlife conflict fuelled by human population growth and urban expansion, and climate change-induced droughts. Your Contribution Makes a Difference Every donation counts in our fight against climate change. Join us in making a real impact by supporting our research, data analysis, and policy solutions. DONATE TODAY…!!’?’ endangered species africa [#03].Gorilla..!!’?’..!!’?’.. There are two species of gorillas, the Eastern gorilla and the Western gorilla, both of which are native to Africa and listed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of NatureRed List. A combination of factors have pushed the animal to such a dire situation, including poaching, habitat loss from logging and agricultural development, human conflict, and diseases. In fact, one of the two subspecies of the Western gorilla, the Cross River gorilla that lives in the Cameroon-Nigeria border region, saw its population plummet to about 200-300 adults. Population recovery efforts can be also slow and difficult due to their low reproductive rate, with females only giving birth every four to six years – females also only breed three or four times in her lifetime. [#04.]Saharan Cheetah.!!’?’!!’?’… This endangered cat (but not a ‘Big Cat’) has been pushed to the brink of extinction due to significant habitat loss, forcing the animal to be limited to 10% of its historical range. Its remaining small populations can now only be found in Algeria and Niger, and isolated pockets across the Sahara and Sahel from Mali in the west to the Central African Republic in the east.​ Additionally, hunting by a growing local population in the region and reduced prey such as sheep and gazelle from the agricultural explosion have also contributed to Saharan cheetah’s population decline to fewer than 250 individuals. endangered species in Africa Photo credit: EO Photographer Josh R. [#05.]African Wild Dog..!!’?’…!!’? Also known as the African painted dog or the African hunting dog, this critically endangered species in Africa is also the second most endangered carnivore in the continent. As wild dogs are highly social animals, gathering and travelling packs, they’re incredibly sensitive to habitat changes and fragmentation, which have been significantly reduced over the past few decades. Illegally poaching and wildlife trading is rife across African countries, and many African dogs were caught as bycatch in snares targeted for other animals like antelopes. Despite their impressive speeds – they reach speeds of more than 44 miles per hour – the species has not been able to run away from other threats like human conflicts over livestock, infectious diseases like rabies and distemper, and competition with larger predators like lions due to shrinking habitats. The largest populations are mostly in southern Africa – where there are less than 550 individuals in the wild – and the southern part of East Africa including Tanzania and northern Mozambique. Though snare hunting has been made illegal on nationally proclaimed wildlife reserves in South Africa, far more conservation efforts are needed to protect this rare mammal. You might also like: Is the Sahara Desert Growing? [#06.]African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’… There’s a common misconception that penguins are native only to the Arctic when in fact, there’s a well-known nesting penguin species that breeds in Africa, or more specifically, Namibia and South Africa. Unfortunately, the population of the African penguin is dwindling fast as a result of habitat loss and destruction, overfishing to meet global commercial demand, oil spills and marine pollution – the bird’s range encompass many global trading and oil transport routes – as well as warming ocean temperatures. The species has lost about 95% of its population since pre-industrial times to about 14,700 pairs, based on 2021 estimates. In addition, guano harvests – accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats is a highly sought-after fertiliser – eliminated their preferred nesting substrate, leaving them exposed to predators, heat stress, flooding and sea-level rise. <Ref>https://earth.org/endangered-species-in-africa/</Ref>.:: endangered species in the desert, north african ostrich…!!’?’ [#07.]North African Ostrich..!!’ The North African ostrich is the largest bird on Earth. Historically, it was distributed across the entire Sahara desert, spreading across 18 countries. Today, they’re only found in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic and Senegal. This flightless bird has been heavily targeted over the past 50 years; their feathers, meat and egg are deemed valuable in the wildlife trading market. Much like most of the animals on this list, the ostrich has suffered from habitat loss from human expansion and desertification – a process by which lands become infertile – causing increased food competition with other livestock and larger animals. Since being identified in the IUCN red list, a number of conservation efforts have been underway to help restore the species, from introducing more ostriches to Senegal and habitat rehabilitation to improving livestock fencing and management. [#08.]Dama Gazelle..!!’?’…!!’?’ The dama gazelle now lives only about 1% of its historical range, and is found primarily in the countries of Chad and Sudan. Despite its preference for arid territories, desertification and worsening droughts from climate change have caused major habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as reduced vegetation for gazelle to feed from – thus increased competition with human and livestock. Prolonged wars in the region have also exacerbated all these aforementioned factors. Today, fewer than 400 individuals are left in the wild. [#09.] Egyptian Tortoise..!!’?’…!!’ Another Saharan Desert native and the smallest species of tortoises – no longer than 10cm in length at maturity, the Egyptian tortoise is all but extinct from its original habitat due to the loss of habitat from agriculture and expansion of tourism, and most notably, from illegal pet trading. According to the IUCN Red List, the total Egyptian tortoise population is estimated to be around 7,470, but as they are not legally protected in Libya – where the species is mostly found – they are highly vulnerable to further population decline. Despite ongoing captive breeding programmes efforts to reintroduce Egyptian tortoises to the wild, they have mostly been slow and relatively unsuccessful. [#10.] Sahara Aphanius..!!’?’…!!’ This tiny freshwater pupfish, measuring only less than two inches long, can be found nowhere else in the world except for the Sahara Desert in the Oued Saoura river basin near Mazzer, Algeria. Agricultural development, which has caused significant groundwater contamination and excessive water withdrawal, and increasingly frequent and prolonged droughts, have severely impacted the aquatic vegetation that the species depend upon. This includes zooplankton and algae. The freshwater fish remains to be listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Aside from these endangered species in Africa, you might also like: 10 of the World’s Most Endangered Animals in 2022/2023*.!! 알자지라의 미단 보이스 [[인터넷 채널]]: 유대인이 만들어내고 통제하고 있습니다("..모든 것이 2초 안에 움직입니다..") [[할리우드]]; [[CNN]]; 포르노 산업을 오염시키기 위해 "..[[미국인]]..!!.."과 "...[[기독교인]]...!!'?'" 가치관을...!!'?'... aljajilaui midan boiseu [[inteones chaeneol]]: yudaein-i mandeul-eonaego tongjehago issseubnida("..modeun geos-i 2cho an-e umjig-ibnida..") [[halliudeu]]; [[CNN]]; poleuno san-eob-eul oyeomsikigi wihae "..[[migug-in]]..!!.."gwa "...[[gidoggyoin]]...!!'?'" gachigwan-eul...!!'?'... ==The Most Endangered Animals in Africa== By H. Nimmo. Africa is blessed with a stunning variety of wildlife – it has more species of charismatic megafauna than any other continent. However, sadly, with ever expanding human populations and their increasing demand for land, food and water, exacerbated by poaching, more and more species are becoming endangered. However, thanks to the foresight of conservationists past and present, many of the most endangered animals in Africa are being protected in reserves and national parks. Below is a list of some of the most endangered species in Africa and where you stand a chance of seeing them. =10,441 "African Safaris"= [#01.]Ethiopian’s..!.. Ethiopian wolf..!!’?’…!!’?’… The Ethiopian wolf is Africa’s most endangered carnivore and the continent’s only wolf species. It is a handsome rusty red jackal-like dog and, as the name suggests, it is endemic to Ethiopia’s It is endangered due to loss of habitat to farmland and due to diseases caught from domestic dogs. Best place to see Ethiopian wolf: Bale Mountain National Park, Ethiopia [#02.]Pangolin Pangolin..!!’?’…!!’ The poor pangolin has the dubious honor of being the most illegally trafficked species in Africa, as its scales are used in traditional medicine in Asia. Most people have never heard of a pangolin, let alone seen one … and sadly it is feared they are on a fast-track to extinction. Pangolins are now one of the most endangered animals in Africa. These delightful, gentle creatures are armour-plated and roll into a ball to defend themselves – unfortunately a poor defence against humans. Pangolins feed on ants and termites with their long sticky tongues, and the mother carries her young infant on her back. They are the holy grail of wildlife sightings for many tourists and indeed safari guides, such is their rarity. I must confess the first time I saw a pangolin in the wild, I was moved to tears – part joy and part sadness at just how vulnerable they are. Best place to see a pangolin: in winter at Tswalu Private Game Reserve, South Africa [#03.] Black Rhino Black Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’…. Black rhinos are actually grey in color and are distinguished from white rhinos by their pointed, prehensile upper lip, whereas white rhinos have square lips. Black rhino calves usually follow their mother – whereas white rhino calves often trot along in front. Black rhinos are largely solitary and are browsers rather than grazers – hence their hooked lip. Black rhinos are classified as Critically Endangered, as they have been decimated by poaching for their horn. The most recent numbers estimate less than 5000 in 2010, however, numbers are likely to have decreased further since then, despite valiant conservation efforts. Best places to see black rhino: Ngorogoro Crater, Tanzania Etosha National Park, Namibia Damaraland, Namibia Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe [#04.] White Rhino White Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’… It is sad that, after successful conservation efforts increased their numbers dramatically in the 1960’s, once again, white rhino has become one of the most endangered animals in Africa. This is due to illegal poaching to satisfy the increased demand for their horn by Asian markets. Valiant conservation efforts are once again underway to save the white rhino, and South Africa is still its stronghold. The white rhino is larger than the black rhino and has square lips for grazing. Best places to see white rhino: Kruger National Park, South Africa uMkhuze Game Reserve, South Africa Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve, South Africa Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa [#05.]Mountain Gorilla Mountain Gorilla..!!’?’…!!’?’… Although mountain gorillas are still considered one of the most endangered animals in Africa, the good news is that their numbers are actually on the increase. An encounter with mountain gorillas should be on everyone’s bucket list. Although it is an expensive trip, believe me, it is worth every dollar! You will never forget the hour you spend with these gentle giants. It is your tourist dollars that are helping to protect and conserve the mountain gorillas and their forests – another reason to visit.!! Best place to see mountain gorillas: Bwindi National Park, Uganda [#06.]African Wild Dog? African Wild Dog…!!’?’…!!’?’ Previously viewed as vermin, thankfully the African wild dog has had a very good PR makeover over the last few years and has now become one of the most wished-for safari sightings. Sightings on safari are often by luck, as the dogs cover huge distances in search of prey, and it is only when they are denning (usually the dry season months) that they remain in the same place for a few weeks. Personally they are my favorite animal to see on safari, as they are such sociable carnivores. It is a privilege to watch their frenzied “greeting ceremony”, when they are getting to get ready to hunt – making all sorts of un-dog-like chittering and chirping noises. African wild dogs require huge ranges and consequently habitat fragmentation has caused their decline. Other threats include diseases from domestic dogs, persecution by livestock farmers, road accidents and incidental snaring. Best places to see African wild dog: Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa Linyanti Concession, Botswana Selinda Concession, Botswana [#07.] African Penguin African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’ For visitors to Cape Town, it is hard to imagine that the African penguin is one of the most endangered species in Africa. They are easy to see at Boulders Bay on the Cape Peninsula, where there is a visitor centre and boardwalk past their nests. However, sadly, African penguin numbers have plummeted in recent years due to depleted fish stocks from over fishing and fish stocks moving further west due to climate change. The African penguin is also at risk from oil spills. This is the only penguin species breeding in Africa, and they are easily recognisable by their dapper black and white plumage and jack-ass braying call. Best place to see African penguins: Cape Point, South Africa [#08.] Rothschild’s…Giraffe Rothschild’s giraffe…!!’?’…!!… The giraffe is one of Africa’s most recognisable and iconic animals and the tallest land mammal. While giraffes are commonly seen on safari, people are unaware that the numbers of these majestic animals are crashing dramatically outside of protected areas due to habitat loss, illegal hunting and human-wildlife conflict. There are nine subspecies of giraffe, each confined to specific regions of Africa. The Rothschild’s giraffe is now listed as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – in 2010 there were thought to be less than 670 individuals. It is found in western Kenya and eastern Uganda and it has broader dividing white lines than the reticulated giraffe and no spotting below the knees. Best places to see Rothschild’s giraffes: Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda Kidepo Vally National Park, Uganda Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda [#09.] Hooded Vulture Hooded vulture..!!’?’ Vultures are a critical component in the African landscape but their numbers are plummeting due to increased poisoning incidents. Without vultures clearing carcasses, there is a risk in the increase of disease – as has happened in India, where they have lost 95% of their vultures. The hooded vulture is now one of the most endangered species in Africa – recently upgraded to Critically Endangered. They are easy to distinguish from other vultures by their small size and thin hooked bill. Best places to see hooded vultures: Moremi National Park, Botswana Kruger National Park, South Africa Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe [#10.] Chimpanzee Chimpanzee…!!’?’ When you look into the eyes of a wild chimpanzee, it is easy to understand that this is man’s closest relative – we share 98% of the same genes. Their behavior is distinctively human-like too. Tracking chimpanzees in the wild is one of the most exciting safari activities – it really does feel like you are in the middle of your very own wildlife documentary. Chimpanzees are classified as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – the biggest threat to their survival is habitat loss and an increasing demand for bushmeat…!!’? Best places to see chimpanzees: Gombe National Park, Tanzania Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania Kibale National Park, Uganda Want To Go on an African Safari? Click on the button below to compare African safaris offered by top-rated tour operators. 10,441 African Safaris *<ref>https://www.statista.com/statistics/806135/gdp-of-the-arab-world/</ref>. * <ref>https://www.languagetrainers.co.uk/blog/8-fascinating-facts-about-arab-culture/</ref>. * https://en.idi.org.il/articles/38540 * https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tag/saudi-arabia/ * https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8 * https://www.worlddata.info/languages/#google_vignette * https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-tech-giants-worth-compared-economies-countries// * https://www.arabnews.com/node/1823401/saudi-arabia <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php</Ref> <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020</Ref>.: * https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/10-countries-with-the-best-education-systems.html * https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html <Ref>https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/richest-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. <Ref>https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. * https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ |date=20220701200249 }} * https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/03/who-was-iranian-general-qasem-soleimani-and-why-his-killing-matters.html *https://almashareq.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_am/features/2022/02/04/feature-02 <Ref>https://www.espn.com/soccer/standings/_/league/ita.1</Ref>.: ** https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world <Ref>https://kottke.org/12/11/britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries</Ref>. * https://www.goodcountry.org/index/your-questions/countries-included/youve-left-out-a-number-of-territories-nations-why-is-this/ *<ref>https://visaindex.com/country/indonesia-passport-ranking/</ref> *<ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</ref>. <Ref>https://www.xe.com/popularity.php</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://www.eurosport.com/football/serie-a/2024-2025/standings.shtml</Ref>.: *<Ref>https://www.globalizationpartners.com/2016/06/30/10-facts-about-arab-culture-infographic/#:~:text=The%20Arab%20world%20stretches%20across,various%20ethnic%20and%20religious%20backgrounds.</ref>. <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/14/some-300-children-drowned-trying-to-reach-europe-so-far-this-year</ref>.: * https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} * https://www.4icu.org/top-universities-africa/ '!!`{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm |date=20220819192938 }} * https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-know-about-arab-citizens-israel * https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iran-iraq-power-centres-creating-havoc.: {{Wayback|url= https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_Muhammad#:~:text=This%20family%20tree%20is%20about,Ishmael%20through%20the%20Hashim%20tribe.|date=20220707081051 }} * https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ |date=20240614155515 }} * https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/02/335958/morocco-exposes-polisario-algerias-propaganda-in-letter-to-un/ * https://themuslim500.com/book-reviews-2023.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/a/Arabic_language.htm |date=20220920172709 }} {{Wayback|url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arab-countries.:•{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 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link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} izrc6swgfacxgl0b7314jequrpmz9n7 0 5980 305760 301248 2026-08-24T06:09:10Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Lesotho | common_name = Lesotho | native_name = {{native name|st|Naha ea Lesotho}} | image_flag = Flag of Lesotho.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Lesotho.svg | coa_size = 90 | national_motto = {{native phrase|st|"Khotso, Pula, Nala"|italics=off|paren=off}}<br />"Nabad, Roob, Barwaaqo" | national_anthem = ''Lesotho fatše la bo-ntat'a rona''<br />("Lesotho, Dhulka Aabayaasheen")<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:National_anthem_of_Lesotho,_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.wav]]}}</div> | image_map = Lesotho (orthographic projection).svg | map_caption = Goobta Lesotho (cagaar madow) | image_map2 = | capital = Maseru | coordinates = {{coord|29|18|54|S|27|29|13|E|region:LS|display=inline}} | largest_city = Maseru | official_languages = {{unbulleted list |Sesotho | Ingiriis}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list |99.7% Basotho |0.3% kuwa kale}} | ethnic_groups_year = 2020 | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |92.1% Masiixiyad |6.6% Diimaha hiddaha ah ee Afrika |1.0% Diin la'aan |0.3% kuwa kale }} | religion_year = 2020 | religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=130c |title=Religion Indexes (Lesotho) |publisher=The Association of Religion Data Archives |access-date=29 December 2023 |archive-date=31 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031153535/https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=130c |url-status=live }}</ref> | demonym = {{unbulleted list |Mosotho (kali) |Basotho (wadar)}} | government_type = Midaysan boqortooyo dastuuri ah oo baarlamani ah | leader_title1 = Boqor | leader_name1 = Letsie III | leader_title2 = Ra'iisul Wasaare | leader_name2 = Sam Matekane | legislature = Baarlamaan | upper_house = Guurtida | lower_house = Golaha Qaranka | sovereignty_type = Madaxbannaanida ka timid Boqortooyada Midowday | established_event1 = Basutoland | established_date1 = 18 March 1884 | established_event2 = Ku dhawaaqidda madaxbannaanida | established_date2 = 4 October 1966 | area_km2 = 30,355 | area_rank = 137aad | area_sq_mi = 11,720 | percent_water = laga tagi karo | population_estimate = 2,116,427<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bos.gov.ls/New%20Folder/Copy%20of%20Demography/2024_Labour_force_Survey_Report.pdf |title=2024 Labour Force Survey (LFS) Report |publisher=Bureau of Statistics |access-date=8 April 2026 |archive-date=9 Bisha Saddexaad 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260309065050/http://www.bos.gov.ls/New%20Folder/Copy%20of%20Demography/2024_Labour_force_Survey_Report.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2024 | population_estimate_rank = 145aad | population_density_km2 = 68.1 | population_density_sq_mi = 162.4 | population_density_rank = 138aad | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $6.915 bilyan<ref name="IMFWEO.LS">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=666,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Lesotho) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=27 October 2023 |archive-date=26 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026215009/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=666,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | GDP_PPP_rank = 168aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $3,234<ref name="IMFWEO.LS" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 164aad | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $2.373 bilyan<ref name="IMFWEO.LS" /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2023 | GDP_nominal_rank = 184ad | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $1,110<ref name="IMFWEO.LS" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 169aad | Gini = 44.9 | Gini_year = 2017 | Gini_change = hoos u dhac | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |title=Gini Index coefficient |publisher=CIA World Factbook |access-date=10 August 2021 |archive-date=17 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717071854/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison |url-status=dead }}</ref> | HDI = 0.550 | HDI_year = 2023 | HDI_change = kor u kac | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx|title=Human Development Report 2023/2024|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=19 March 2024|access-date=19 March 2024|archive-date=19 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319085123/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx|url-status=live}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 167aad | currency = Loti-ga Lesotho (LSL)<br />Rand-ka Koonfur Afrika (ZAR) | currency_code = | time_zone = Wakhtiga Caadiga ah ee Koonfur Afrika | utc_offset = +02:00 | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | calling_code = +266 | cctld = [[.ls]] | today = }} '''Lesotho''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Lesotho.wav|l|ɪ|ˈ|s|uː|t|uː}} {{respell|lih|SOO|too}};<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/lesotho|title=lesotho noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes {{!}} Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com|website=www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311081136/https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/lesotho|archive-date=11 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite LPD|3}}</ref> {{IPA|st|lɪˈsʊːtʰʊ}}),{{efn|Dalku wuxuu kaloo caan ku yahay magacyada "Boqortooyada Buurta" ({{langx|st|'Muso oa Thaba}}) iyo "Boqortooyada Cirka ku jirta" ({{langx|st|'Muso o Leholimong}}).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Office Of The King |url=https://www.gov.ls/office-of-the-king |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=Government Of Lesotho |language=en-US |archive-date=12 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312155115/https://www.gov.ls/office-of-the-king/ |url-status=live }}</ref>}} si rasmi ahna loogu yeero '''Boqortooyada Lesotho'''{{efn|{{langx|st|Naha ea Lesotho}}}}, waa dal ku dhex xidhan dhul oo ku yaal Koonfurta Afrika. Waxaa gebi ahaanba ku hareeraysan Koonfur Afrika, waana dalka ugu weyn seddexda dal ee caalamka ee ah xidhan ee madaxbannaan. Lesotho waxay ku taal Buuraha Maloti, iyadoo leh darafka ugu sarreeya koonfurta Afrika.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maloti Mountains {{!}} Drakensberg, Lesotho Highlands, Southern Africa {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Maloti-Mountains |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124193607/https://www.britannica.com/place/Maloti-Mountains |url-status=live }}</ref> Waxay leedahay baaxad dhul oo ka badan 30,000 km2, iyadoo ay ku nool yihiin dad gaaraya qiyaastii 2.3 milyan. Caasimaddeeda iyo magaalada ugu weyn waa Maseru. Lesotho waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1824-kii Boqor Moshoeshoe I. Is-dhaudhaafsi joogto ah oo ka jiray dadka deggan ee u dhashay Dutch-ka ayaa ka dhigay Boqorka inuu heshiis la galo Boqortooyada Midowday si uu u noqdo maxmiyad sannadkii 1868-kii, sannadkii 1884-kiina wuxuu noqday gumeysi taaj ah. Waxay heshay madaxbannaanideeda sannadkii 1966-kii, waxaana ka dib xukumayay Xisbiga Qaranka ee Basotho muddo labaatan sano ah. Dawladdeeda dastuuriga ah ayaa dib loo soo celiyay sannadkii 1993-kii ka dib toddoba sano oo xukun milatari ah. Boqor Moshoeshoe II waxaa la masaafuriyay sannadkii 1990-kii laakiin wuxuu dib u soo laabtay sannadkii 1992-kii waxaana dib loo soo celiyay sannadkii 1995-kii. Sannad ka dib, Moshoeshoe II wuxuu dhintay wiilkiisa Letsie III ayaa la wareegay carshiga, kaas oo uu weli hayo.<ref name=":5" /> Qowmiyadda Sotho (sidoo kale loo yaqaan Basotho), oo dalku ka qaatay magaciisa, waxay ka kooban tahay 99.7% dadka hadda ku nool dalka, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ka mid ah waddamada ugu qowmiyadda keliya ah adduunka. Luqaddooda hooyo, oo ah Sesotho, waa luqad rasmi ah oo ay dhowrto Ingiriis, IsiXhosa, iyo SiPhuthi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lesotho Government Gazette Number 73 |date=31 August 2022 |url=https://gazettes.africa/akn/ls/officialGazette/government-gazette/2022-08-31/73/eng@2022-08-31 |access-date=26 July 2025 |archive-date=2025-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250813161055/https://gazettes.africa/akn/ls/officialGazette/government-gazette/2022-08-31/73/eng@2022-08-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lesotho waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay tahay dal dakhligiisu hooseeyo ilaa dhexe oo qaba caqabado dhaqaale iyo bulsho oo waaweyn, laakiin sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah waddamada ugu heerka sarreeya akhris-qoraalka Afrika (81% marka loo eego 2021). Lesotho waa xubin ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay, Dhaqdhaqaaqa Aan-Caddayn, Barwaaqo-sooranka, Midowga Afrika, iyo Bulshada Horumarinta Koonfurta Afrika. ==Tixraacyo== {{Reflist}} gnn5uy7qnob6zhcmc31w1ywd1g76p2a 0 9786 305747 305516 2026-08-24T05:02:07Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305747 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ISO 4217''' waa halbeeg caalami ah oo qeexaya koodh saddex xaraf ah (sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Koodhka lacagta''') ) si loo qeexo magacyada lacagaha , sida ay dejisay Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Halbeega (ISO). Liiska koodka ISO 4217 waa habka caadiga ah ee bangiyada iyo ganacsiga , adduunka oo dhan, si loo qeexo lacagaha kala duwan. Wadamo badan, code-yada lacagaha caadiga ah ayaa si aad ah loo yaqaan, dadweynaha guud ahaan, in sarifka lacagaha lagu qoro wargeysyada ama lagu dhejiyo bangiyada ay isticmaalaan kaliya codesyada si ay u qeexaan lacagaha kala duwan, halkii ay ka tarjumi lahaayeen magacyada lacagta ama calaamadaha lacagta . Koodhka ISO 4217 waxaa loo isticmaalaa tigidhada diyaaradaha iyo tigidhada tareenka caalamiga ah si meesha looga saaro hubanti la'aan kasta oo ku saabsan qiimaha . [[File:Exchange rates display.jpg|thumb|Sicirka sarifka ayaa lagu muujiyaa Xafiiska beddelka liiska magacyada lacagta Ingiriisida iyo koodka ISO 4217. Liiskani wuxuu muujinayaa Boqortooyada Midowday ee Ingiriiska sida ' England ', oo ka mid ah dalalka ay ka kooban tahay, marka lagu daro in Jamhuuriyadda Shiinaha ay u muujiso ' Taiwan ' iyo Kuuriyada Koonfureed oo ah ' Kuuriya '.]] [[File:Flugschein.JPG|thumb|Tigidh diyaaradeed oo muujinaya qiimaha ISO 4217 code " EUR " ( bidix hoose]] ==Taariikhda== Sannadkii 1973, Guddiga Farsamada ee ISO 68 wuxuu go'aansaday inuu horumariyo koodhadhka matalaadda lacagaha iyo lacagaha loo isticmaalo codsi kasta oo ganacsi, ganacsi ama bangi. Kalfadhiga 17-aad (February 1978), kooxda khubarada UN / ECE ee la xidhiidha waxay isku raaceen in saddexda xaraf ee koodhka xarfaha ee heerka caalamiga ah ee ISO 4217, "Koodhadhka matalaadda lacagaha iyo lacagaha", ay ku habboon yihiin isticmaalka ganacsiga caalamiga ah. Muddo ka dib, lacago cusub ayaa la abuurayaa waxaana la joojiyay lacagihii hore. Isbeddellada noocan oo kale ah waxay inta badan ka yimaadaan samaynta waddamo cusub, heshiisyada u dhexeeya waddamada lacagaha la wadaago ama ururrada lacagta, ama dib-u-noqoshada lacag jirta sababtoo ah sicir-bararka xad-dhaafka ah. Natiijo ahaan, liiska koodka waa in la cusbooneysiiyaa waqti ka waqti. Wakaaladda dayactirka ee ISO 4217 ayaa mas'uul ka ah ilaalinta liiska codsiyada. ==Noocyada koodhadhka== [[File:South East Asia Exchange Rates (6031878489).jpg|thumb|Liiska sarifka lacagaha saldhiga ah ee kala duwan oo uu bixiyo sarifle ku sugan Thailand, iyadoo Baht-ka Thailand uu yahay lacagta miiska (ama oraahda). Ogow in koodka guusha Kuuriyada Koonfureed uu si khaldan u soo bandhigay; waa inay noqotaa KRW .]] ===Lacagaha dalka=== Marka laga hadlayo lacagaha qaranka, labada xaraf ee ugu horreeya ee koodhka alfa waa labada xaraf ee ISO 3166-1 alfa-2 code-ka waddanka iyo kan saddexaadna inta badan waa bilowga qaybta ugu weyn ee lacagta. Markaa koodhka lacagta Japan waaJPY : "JP" ee Japan iyo "Y" ee yen . Tani waxay meesha ka saaraysaa dhibaatadii ay keeneen magacyada dollarka , farans-ka , peso , iyo pound-ka ee laga isticmaalo wadamo badan, kuwaas oo mid walba uu leeyahay qiimo aad u kala duwan. In kasta oo inta badan koodka ISO uu u eg yahay soo gaabinta lacagta magaca Ingiriisiga oo buuxa, tani had iyo jeer maaha kiiska, sida lacagaha sida Diinaarka Algeria , Aruban florin , Cayman dollar , renminbi , sterling , iyo franc Swiss ayaa loo qoondeeyay codes kuwaas oo aan si dhow ula mid ahayn magacyada lacagta rasmiga ah. Xaaladaha qaarkood, xarafka saddexaad ee koodhka alfa ma aha xarafka hore ee magaca unugga lacagta. Waxaa jiri kara dhowr sababood oo tan: Waxaa loo arkaa inay muhiim tahay in koodhka lacag cusub uu noqdo mid aad u sarreeya haddii ay suurtagal tahay. Tusaale ahaan waa habaynta koodhkaEUR ilaa euro. ISO 4217 wax ka beddelka 94, kaas oo abuuray koodhkan, wuxuu dhigayaa "qalabka koodhka 'EU' waxaa u xafiday Hay'adda Dayactirka ISO 3166 si loogu isticmaalo ISO 4217 halkaasoo 'R' lagu dhejiyay si loo sameeyo koodka mnemonic la aqbali karo." Halkan R wuxuu ka yimid xarafka saddexaad ee ereyga "euro". Lacagta laga hadlayaa waxay beddeshay lacag kale oo isku magac ah, dib-u-qiimaynta awgeed. Si ay labada lacagood u yeeshaan kood kala duwan, xaraf saddexaad oo kala duwan waa in loo doortaa code-ka lacagta cusub. Xaaladaha qaarkood, xarafka saddexaad waa bilowga "cusub" ee luqadda dalkaas, si loo kala saaro lacag duug ah oo dib loo qiimeeyo; koodhka ayaa mararka qaarkood dhaafa isticmaalka ereyga "cusub" laftiisa (tusaale ahaan, koodka Peso Mexico waaMXN , oo ka tarjumaysa dib-u-qiimaynta 1993). Xalka kale ee lacagta dib loo qiimeeyay oo la mid ah magacii hore waa in la doorto xaraf saddexaad taas oo keenta kood 3-xaraf ah oo leh muhiimad mnemonic ah. Tusaale ahaan, Ruble Ruush ka bedelayRUR kuRUB ka dib dib-u-qiimaynta, halkaas oo B ka yimid xarafka saddexaad ee ereyga "ruble". ===Lacagaha X (lacagta, biraha qaaliga ah, kuwa ka sarreeya, kuwa kale) wax ka beddel=== Marka lagu daro koodhadhka lacagaha qaranka ee firfircoon ee ISO 4217 waxay bixisaa codes loogu talagalay lacagaha "supranational", ujeeddooyin habraac ah, iyo waxyaabo badan oo "la mid ah" lacagaha: Koodhadhka biraha qaaliga ah ee dahabka (XAU), silver (XAG), palladium (XPD), iyo platinum (XPT) ayaa la sameeyay iyadoo la horgeynayo calaamadda kiimikada ee elementka oo leh xarafka "X". Kuwan "cutubyada lacagta" waxaa lagu qeexaa inay yihiin hal troy ounce oo birta la cayimay. Koodhka XTS waxa loo hayaa in lagu isticmaalo imtixaanka. Koodhka XXX waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu muujiyo "wax kala beddelasho" oo aan ku jirin lacag. Waxa kale oo jira xeerar qeexaya qaar ka mid ah qalabyada lacageed ee loo isticmaalo maaliyadda caalamiga ah, tusaale ahaan XDR waa astaanta sawirka gaarka ah ee ay bixiso Sanduuqa Lacagta Adduunka ee IMF . Koodhadhka lacagaha ugu sarreeya , sida doollarka Bari ee Kariibiyaanka , faranka CFP , faranka CFA ee BEAC, iyo faranka CFA ee BCEAO. Kuwii ka horreeyay euro, Unugga Lacagta Yurub (ECU), ayaa lahaa code XEU. Isticmaalka xarafka bilowga ah "X" ee ujeeddooyinkan waxaa fududeeyay qaanuunka ISO 3166 ee ah in aan kood rasmi ah oo waddan oo ka bilaabma X waligiis loo qoondayn doonin. Ku darida Midowga Yurub (oo tilmaamaysa Midowga Yurub ) ee ISO 3166-1 liiska kood ee kaydsan ayaa u oggolaanaya euro in lagu calaamadiyo sida EUR halkii loo qoondeyn lahaa kood ka bilaabma X, inkastoo ay tahay lacag ka sarreysa. ===Koodhadhka tirada=== ISO 4217 sidoo kale waxay u qoondaysaa kood lambar saddex-god ah lacag kasta. Koodhkan nambarada ah ayaa badanaa la mid ah koodhka nambarada ee loo qoondeeyay waddanka u dhigma ee ISO 3166-1 . Tusaale ahaan, USD ( Dollarka Maraykanka ) waxay leedahay kood lambareed 840 oo sidoo kale ah ISO 3166-1 code ee "US" (Mareykanka) ==Liiska koodka lacagta ISO 4217== ===Koodhadhka firfircoon=== Kuwa soo socdaa waa liiska koodka firfircoon ee magacyada lacagta rasmiga ah ee ISO 4217 ilaa 1da Janaayo 2024. Halbeegga qiyamka waxaa loo yaqaan "code alfabetic", "code number", "cutubka yar", iyo "qayb" {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Koodhka !! Tirada !! {{nowrap|E<ref name="ReferenceA">Number of digits after the [[decimal separator]].</ref>}} !! Lacagta !! Goobaha lacagtan lagu isticmaalo |- | AED ||784 ||2 ||[[United Arab Emirates dirham]] ||[[United Arab Emirates]] |- | AFN ||971 ||2 ||[[Afghan afghani]] ||[[Afghanistan]] |- | ALL ||008 ||2 ||[[Albanian lek]] ||[[Albania]] |- | AMD ||051 ||2 ||[[Armenian dram]] ||[[Armenia]] |- | ANG ||532 ||2 ||[[Netherlands Antillean guilder]] ||[[Netherlands Antilles]] |- | AOA ||973 ||2 ||[[Angolan kwanza]] ||[[Angola]] |- | ARS ||032 ||2 ||[[Argentine peso]] ||[[Argentina]] |- | AUD ||036 ||2 ||[[Australian dollar]] ||[[Australia]], [[Australian Antarctic Territory]], [[Christmas Island]], [[Cocos (Keeling) Islands]], [[Heard and McDonald Islands]], [[Kiribati]], [[Nauru]], [[Norfolk Island]], [[Tuvalu]] |- | AWG ||533 ||2 ||[[Aruban florin]] ||[[Aruba]] |- | AZN ||944 ||2 ||[[Azerbaijani manat]] ||[[Azerbaijan]] |- | BAM ||977 ||2 ||[[Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark]] ||[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |- | BBD ||052 ||2 ||[[Barbados dollar]] ||[[Barbados]] |- | BDT ||050 ||2 ||[[Bangladeshi taka]] ||[[Bangladesh]] |- | BGN ||975 ||2 ||[[Bulgarian lev]] ||[[Bulgaria]] |- | BHD ||048 ||3 ||[[Bahraini dinar]] ||[[Bahrain]] |- | BIF ||108 ||0 ||[[Burundian franc]] ||[[Burundi]] |- | BMD ||060 ||2 ||[[Bermudian dollar]] (aka Bermuda dollar) ||[[Bermuda]] |- | BND ||096 ||2 ||[[Brunei dollar]] ||[[Brunei]], [[Singapore]] |- | BOB ||068 ||2 ||[[Boliviano]] ||[[Bolivia]] |- | BOV ||984 ||2 ||Bolivian Mvdol (funds code) ||[[Bolivia]] |- | BRL ||986 ||2 ||[[Brazilian real]] ||[[Brazil]] |- | BSD ||044 ||2 ||[[Bahamian dollar]] ||[[Bahamas]] |- | BTN ||064 ||2 ||[[Bhutanese ngultrum]] ||[[Bhutan]] |- | BWP ||072 ||2 ||[[Botswana pula]] ||[[Botswana]] |- | BYR ||974 ||0 ||[[Belarusian ruble]]<!--ISO spelling--> ||[[Belarus]] |- | BZD ||084 ||2 ||[[Belize dollar]] ||[[Belize]] |- | CAD ||124 ||2 ||[[Canadian dollar]] ||[[Canada]] |- | CDF ||976 ||2 ||[[Congolese franc]] ||[[Democratic Republic of Congo]] |- | CHE ||947 ||2 ||[[WIR Bank]] ([[complementary currency]]) ||[[Switzerland]] |- | CHF ||756 ||2 ||[[Swiss franc]] ||[[Switzerland]], [[Liechtenstein]] |- | CHW ||948 ||2 ||[[WIR Bank]] ([[complementary currency]]) ||[[Switzerland]] |- | CLF ||990 ||0 ||[[Unidad de Fomento]] (funds code) ||[[Chile]] |- | CLP ||152 ||0 ||[[Chilean peso]] ||[[Chile]] |- | CNY ||156 ||2 ||[[Renminbi|Chinese yuan]] ||[[China]] (Mainland) |- | COP ||170 ||2 ||[[Colombian peso]] ||[[Colombia]] |- | COU ||970 ||2 ||[[Unidad de Valor Real]] ||[[Colombia]] |- | CRC ||188 ||2 ||[[Costa Rican colon]] ||[[Costa Rica]] |- | CUP ||192 ||2 ||[[Cuban peso]] ||[[Cuba]] |- | CVE ||132 ||0 ||[[Cape Verde escudo]] ||[[Cape Verde]] |- | CZK ||203 ||2 ||[[Czech koruna]] ||[[Czech Republic]] |- | DJF ||262 ||0 ||[[Djiboutian franc]] ||[[Djibouti]] |- | DKK ||208 ||2 ||[[Danish krone]] ||[[Denmark]], [[Faroe Islands]], [[Greenland]] |- | DOP ||214 ||2 ||[[Dominican peso]] ||[[Dominican Republic]] |- | DZD ||012 ||2 ||[[Algerian dinar]] ||[[Algeria]] |- | EEK ||233 ||2 ||[[Estonian kroon]] ||[[Estonia]] |- | EGP ||818 ||2 ||[[Egyptian pound]] ||[[Egypt]] |- | ERN ||232 ||2 ||[[Eritrean nakfa]] ||[[Eritrea]] |- | ETB ||230 ||2 ||[[Ethiopian birr]] ||[[Ethiopia]] |- | EUR ||978 ||2 ||[[Euro]] ||[[Austria]], [[Belgium]], [[Croatia]], [[Cyprus]], [[Estonia]], [[Finland]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Greece]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], [[Italy]], [[Latvia]], [[Lithuania]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Malta]], [[Netherlands]], [[Portugal]], [[Slovakia]], [[Slovenia]], [[Spain]];<br />[[Andorra]], [[Monaco]], [[San Marino]], [[Vatican City]];<br />[[Kosovo]], [[Montenegro]] |- | FJD ||242 ||2 ||[[Fiji dollar]] ||[[Fiji]] |- | FKP ||238 ||2 ||[[Falkland Islands pound]] ||[[Falkland Islands]] |- | GBP ||826 ||2 ||[[Pound sterling]] ||[[United Kingdom]], [[Crown Dependencies]] (the [[Isle of Man]] and the [[Channel Islands]]), certain [[British Overseas Territories]] ([[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]], [[British Antarctic Territory]] and [[British Indian Ocean Territory]]) |- | GEL ||981 ||2 ||[[Georgian lari]] ||[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] |- | GHS ||936 ||2 ||[[Ghanaian cedi]] ||[[Ghana]] |- | GIP ||292 ||2 ||[[Gibraltar pound]] ||[[Gibraltar]] |- | GMD ||270 ||2 ||[[Gambian dalasi]] ||[[Gambia]] |- | GNF ||324 ||0 ||[[Guinean franc]] ||[[Guinea]] |- | GTQ ||320 ||2 ||[[Guatemalan quetzal]] ||[[Guatemala]] |- | GYD ||328 ||2 ||[[Guyanese dollar]] ||[[Guyana]] |- | HKD ||344 ||2 ||[[Hong Kong dollar]] ||[[Hong Kong]] [[Special Administrative Region (People's Republic of China)|Special Administrative Region]], [[Macau]] [[Special Administrative Region (People's Republic of China)|Special Administrative Region]] |- | HNL ||340 ||2 ||[[Honduran lempira]] ||[[Honduras]] |- | HTG ||332 ||2 ||[[Haitian gourde]] ||[[Haiti]] |- | HUF ||348 ||2 ||[[Hungarian forint]] ||[[Hungary]] |- | IDR ||360 ||0 ||[[Indonesian rupiah]] ||[[Indonesia]] |- | ILS ||376 ||2 ||[[Israeli new sheqel]] ||[[Israel]], [[Palestine]] |- | INR ||356 ||2 ||[[Indian rupee]] ||[[Bhutan]], [[India]], [[Nepal]] |- | IQD ||368 ||3 ||[[Iraqi dinar]] ||[[Iraq]] |- | IRR ||364 ||0 ||[[Iranian rial]] ||[[Iran]] |- | ISK ||352 ||0 ||[[Icelandic króna]] ||[[Iceland]] |- | JMD ||388 ||2 ||[[Jamaican dollar]] ||[[Jamaica]] |- | JOD ||400 ||3 ||[[Jordanian dinar]] ||[[Jordan]] |- | JPY ||392 ||0 ||[[Japanese yen]] ||[[Japan]] |- | KES ||404 ||2 ||[[Kenyan shilling]] ||[[Kenya]] |- | KGS ||417 ||2 ||[[Kyrgyzstani som]] ||[[Kyrgyzstan]] |- | KHR ||116 ||0 ||[[Cambodian riel]] ||[[Cambodia]] |- | KMF ||174 ||0 ||[[Comoro franc]] ||[[Comoros]] |- | KPW ||408 ||0 ||[[North Korean won]] ||[[North Korea]] |- | KRW ||410 ||0 ||[[South Korean won]] ||[[South Korea]] |- | KWD ||414 ||3 ||[[Kuwaiti dinar]] ||[[Kuwait]] |- | KYD ||136 ||2 ||[[Cayman Islands dollar]] ||[[Cayman Islands]] |- | KZT ||398 ||2 ||[[Kazakhstani tenge]] ||[[Kazakhstan]] |- | LAK ||418 ||0 ||[[Lao kip]] ||[[Laos]] |- | LBP ||422 ||0 ||[[Lebanese pound]] ||[[Lebanon]] |- | LKR ||144 ||2 ||[[Sri Lankan rupee|Sri Lanka rupee]] ||[[Sri Lanka]] |- | LRD ||430 ||2 ||[[Liberian dollar]] ||[[Liberia]] |- | LSL ||426 ||2 ||[[Lesotho loti]] ||[[Lesotho]] |- | LVL ||428 ||2 ||[[Latvian lats]] ||[[Latvia]] |- | LYD ||434 ||3 ||[[Libyan dinar]] ||[[Libya]] |- | MAD ||504 ||2 ||[[Moroccan dirham]] ||[[Morocco]], [[Western Sahara]] |- | MDL ||498 ||2 ||[[Moldovan leu]] ||[[Moldova]] (except [[Transnistria]]) |- | MGA ||969 ||2 ||[[Malagasy ariary]] ||[[Madagascar]] |- | MKD ||807 ||2 ||[[Macedonian denar]] ||[[Republic of North Macedonia]] |- | MMK ||104 ||0 ||[[Myanma kyat]] ||[[Myanmar]] |- | MNT ||496 ||2 ||[[Mongolian tögrög|Mongolian tugrik]] ||[[Mongolia]] |- | MOP ||446 ||1 ||[[Macanese pataca]] ||[[Macau]] [[Special Administrative Region (People's Republic of China)|Special Administrative Region]] |- | MRU ||478 ||2 ||[[Mauritanian ouguiya]] ||[[Mauritania]] |- | MUR ||480 ||2 ||[[Mauritian rupee]] ||[[Mauritius]] |- | MVR ||462 ||2 ||[[Maldivian rufiyaa]] ||[[Maldives]] |- | MWK ||454 ||2 ||[[Malawian kwacha]] ||[[Malawi]] |- | MXN ||484 ||2 ||[[Mexican peso]] ||[[Mexico]] |- | MXV ||979 ||2 ||[[Mexican Unidad de Inversion]] (UDI) (funds code) ||[[Mexico]] |- | MYR ||458 ||2 ||[[Malaysian ringgit]] ||[[Malaysia]] |- | MZN ||943 ||2 ||[[Mozambican metical]] ||[[Mozambique]] |- | NAD ||516 ||2 ||[[Namibian dollar]] ||[[Namibia]] |- | NGN ||566 ||2 ||[[Nigerian naira]] ||[[Nigeria]] |- | NIO ||558 ||2 ||[[Cordoba oro]] ||[[Nicaragua]] |- | NOK ||578 ||2 ||[[Norwegian krone]] ||[[Norway]], [[Bouvet Island]], [[Queen Maud Land]], [[Peter I Island]] |- | NPR ||524 ||2 ||[[Nepalese rupee]] ||[[Nepal]] |- | NZD ||554 ||2 ||[[New Zealand dollar]] ||[[Cook Islands]], [[New Zealand]], [[Niue]], [[Pitcairn]], [[Tokelau]] |- | OMR ||512 ||3 ||[[Omani rial]] ||[[Oman]] |- | PAB ||590 ||2 ||[[Panamanian balboa]] ||[[Panama]] |- | PEN ||604 ||2 ||[[Peruvian nuevo sol]] ||[[Peru]] |- | PGK ||598 ||2 ||[[Papua New Guinean kina]] ||[[Papua New Guinea]] |- | PHP ||608 ||2 ||[[Philippine peso]] ||[[Philippines]] |- | PKR ||586 ||2 ||[[Pakistani rupee]] ||[[Pakistan]] |- | PLN ||985 ||2 ||[[Polish złoty]] ||[[Poland]] |- | PYG ||600 ||0 ||[[Paraguayan guaraní]] ||[[Paraguay]] |- | QAR ||634 ||2 ||[[Qatari rial]] ||[[Qatar]] |- | RON ||946 ||2 ||[[Romanian Leu|Romanian new leu]] ||[[Romania]] |- | RSD ||941 ||2 ||[[Serbian dinar]] ||[[Serbia]] |- | RUB ||643 ||2 ||[[Russian rouble]] ||[[Russia]], [[Abkhazia]], [[South Ossetia]] |- | RWF ||646 ||0 ||[[Rwandan franc]] ||[[Rwanda]] |- | SAR ||682 ||2 ||[[Saudi riyal]] ||[[Saudi Arabia]] |- | SBD ||090 ||2 ||[[Solomon Islands dollar]] ||[[Solomon Islands]] |- | SCR ||690 ||2 ||[[Seychelles rupee]] ||[[Seychelles]] |- | SDG ||938 ||2 ||[[Sudanese pound]] ||[[Sudan]] |- | SEK ||752 ||2 ||[[Swedish krona]]/kronor ||[[Sweden]] |- | SGD ||702 ||2 ||[[Singapore dollar]] ||[[Singapore]], [[Brunei]] |- | SHP ||654 ||2 ||[[Saint Helena pound]] ||[[Saint Helena]] |- | SLL ||694 ||0 ||[[Sierra Leonean leone]] ||[[Sierra Leone]] |- | SOS ||706 ||2 ||[[Somali shilling]] ||[[Somalia]] (except [[Somaliland]]) |- | SRD ||968 ||2 ||[[Surinamese dollar]] ||[[Suriname]] |- | STD ||678 ||0 ||[[São Tomé and Príncipe dobra]] ||[[São Tomé and Príncipe]] |- | SYP ||760 ||2 ||[[Syrian pound]] ||[[Syria]] |- | SZL ||748 ||2 ||[[Lilangeni]] ||[[Swaziland]] |- | THB ||764 ||2 ||[[Thai baht]] ||[[Thailand]] |- | TJS ||972 ||2 ||[[Tajikistani somoni]] ||[[Tajikistan]] |- | TMT ||934 ||2 ||[[Turkmenistani manat]] ||[[Turkmenistan]] |- | TND ||788 ||3 ||[[Tunisian dinar]] ||[[Tunisia]] |- | TOP ||776 ||2 ||[[Tongan paʻanga]] ||[[Tonga]] |- | TRY ||949 ||2 ||[[Turkish lira]] ||[[Turkey]], [[Northern Cyprus]] |- | TTD ||780 ||2 ||[[Trinidad and Tobago dollar]] ||[[Trinidad and Tobago]] |- | TWD ||901 ||1 ||[[New Taiwan dollar]] ||[[Taiwan]] and [[List of islands of the Republic of China|other islands]] that are under the effective control of the [[Republic of China]] (ROC) |- | TZS ||834 ||2 ||[[Tanzanian shilling]] ||[[Tanzania]] |- | UAH ||980 ||2 ||[[Ukrainian hryvnia]] ||[[Ukraine]] |- | UGX ||800 ||0 ||[[Ugandan shilling]] ||[[Uganda]] |- | USD ||840 ||2 ||[[United States dollar]] ||[[American Samoa]], [[British Indian Ocean Territory]], [[Ecuador]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guam]], [[Haiti]], [[Marshall Islands]], [[Micronesia]], [[Northern Mariana Islands]], [[Palau]], [[Panama]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Timor-Leste]], [[Turks and Caicos Islands]], [[United States]], [[Virgin Islands]], [[Bermuda]] (as well as [[Bermudian Dollar]]) |- | USN ||997 ||2 ||United States dollar (next day) (funds code) ||[[United States]] |- | UYU ||858 ||2 ||[[Uruguayan peso]] ||[[Uruguay]] |- | UZS ||860 ||2 ||[[Uzbekistan som]] ||[[Uzbekistan]] |- | VEF ||937 ||2 ||[[Venezuelan bolívar|Venezuelan bolívar fuerte]] ||[[Venezuela]] |- | VND ||704 ||0 ||[[Vietnamese đồng]] ||[[Vietnam]] |- | VUV ||548 ||0 ||[[Vanuatu vatu]] ||[[Vanuatu]] |- | WST ||882 ||2 ||[[Samoan tala]] ||[[Samoa]] |- | XAF ||950 ||0 ||[[Central African CFA franc|CFA franc BEAC]] ||[[Cameroon]], [[Central African Republic]], [[Republic of the Congo]], [[Chad]], [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Gabon]] |- | XAG ||961 ||— ||[[Silver]] (one [[troy ounce]]) || |- | XAU ||959 ||— ||[[Gold]] (one [[troy ounce]]) || |- | XBA ||955 ||— ||[[European Composite Unit]] ||(EURCO) (bond market unit) |- | XBB ||956 ||— ||[[European Monetary Unit]] ||(E.M.U.-6) (bond market unit) |- | XBC ||957 ||— ||[[European Unit of Account 9]] ||(E.U.A.-9) (bond market unit) |- | XBD ||958 ||— ||[[European Unit of Account 17]] ||(E.U.A.-17) (bond market unit) |- | XCD ||951 ||2 ||[[East Caribbean dollar]] ||[[Anguilla]], [[Antigua and Barbuda]], [[Dominica]], [[Grenada]], [[Montserrat]], [[Saint Kitts and Nevis]], [[Saint Lucia]], [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] |- | XDR ||960 ||— ||[[Special Drawing Rights]] ||[[International Monetary Fund]] |- | XFU ||Nil ||— ||[[UIC franc]] (special settlement currency) ||[[International Union of Railways]] |- | XOF ||952 ||0 ||[[West African CFA franc|CFA Franc BCEAO]] ||[[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Côte d'Ivoire]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Mali]], [[Niger]], [[Senegal]], [[Togo]] |- | XPD ||964 ||— ||[[Palladium]] || (one [[troy ounce]]) |- | XPF ||953 ||0 ||[[CFP franc]] ||[[French Polynesia]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Wallis and Futuna]] |- | XPT ||962 ||— ||[[Platinum]] || (one [[troy ounce]]) |- | XTS ||963 ||— ||||Code reserved for testing purposes |- | XXX ||999 ||— ||||No currency |- | YER ||886 ||0 ||[[Yemeni rial]] ||[[Yemen]] |- | ZAR ||710 ||2 ||[[South African rand]] ||[[South Africa]] |- | ZMK ||894 ||0 ||[[Zambian kwacha]] ||[[Zambia]] |- | ZWL ||932 ||2 ||[[Zimbabwe dollar]] ||[[Zimbabwe]] |} ===Koodhadhka aan rasmiga ahayn=== Kuwa soo socdaa waa kood firfircoon oo aan rasmi ahayn oo ku dayanaya qaabka ISO 4217. {| class=wikitable |- ! Kood !! Num !! {{nowrap|E<ref name="ReferenceA"/>}} !! Lacagta !! Goobaha lacagtan lagu isticmaalo !! Xusuusin |- | BTC ||Nil ||8<ref name="bitcoinfaq">{{cite web | url=http://www.bitcoin.org/faq#How_divisible_are_Bitcoins | title=Bitcoin FAQ | accessdate=2010-08-12 | archive-date=2011-05-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501075629/http://www.bitcoin.org/faq#How_divisible_are_Bitcoins | url-status=dead }}</ref> ||[[Bitcoin]] ||Global (internet-based, anonymous [[electronic money]]) ||Loo isticmaalo goobaha ganacsiga ee Bitcoin, iyo waraaqaha mashruuca Bitcoin ee rasmiga ah<ref name="bitcoinfaq"/><ref name="bitcointrade">{{cite web | title=Trade Bitcoins | url=http://www.bitcoin.org/trade | accessdate=2010-08-12 | archive-date=2011-04-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423151230/http://www.bitcoin.org/trade | url-status=dead }}</ref> |} ==Aan lahayn koodka lacagta== Tiro dhulal ah kuma jiraan ISO 4217, sababtoo ah lacagahooda waa: (a) midkiiba waa lacag madax banaan laakiin waa kala duwanaanshiyaha lacag kale, (b) hindise sharci ah oo kaliya oo loo soo saaray sidii warqado xusuus ah iyo/ama qadaadiic, ama (c) lacag dawlad aan la aqoonsan ama qayb ahaan la aqoonsan yahay . Lacagahan ayaa kala ah: Alderney pound (1:1 lagu dhajiyay pound-ka) Doolarka jasiiradaha Cook (1:1 ayaa lagu qiimeeyay dollarka New Zealand) Faroese króna (1:1 ayaa lagu dhejiyay krone Danishka) Pound Guernsey (1:1 lagu dhejiyay pound-ka Sterling) Isle of Man pound (1:1 lagu dhejiyay pound-ka) Pound Jersey (1:1 lagu dhejiyay pound-ka Sterling) Doolarka Kiribati (1:1 ayaa lagu qiimeeyay Doolarka Australia) Maltese scudo (1:0.24 ayaa lagu qiimeeyay euro [ 4 ] ) Shilinka Somaliland (Xaaladda wax soo saarka waxa loo arkaa de jure qayb ka mid ah Soomaaliya , sarifka lacagta ma go'an) Ruble Transnistrian (xaaladda arrinta waxaa loo arkaa inay tahay qayb ka mid ah Moldova ) Doolarka Tuvaluan (1:1 ayaa lagu qiimeeyay Doolarka Australia) Koodhadhka soo socda ee aan ISO ahayn ayaa, si kastaba ha ahaatee, mararka qaarkood ganacsi ahaan loo isticmaalo ==Koodhadhka lacagta duugga ah== Tiro lacag ah ayaa ahaa ISO 4217 codes lacageed iyo magacyo lacag ah ilaa laga beddelayo euro ama lacago kale. Ogsoonow in magacyada lacagta ee hoos lagu isticmaalo laga yaabo inaysan u dhigmin magacyada lacagta lagu isticmaalo heerka ISO laftiisa, laakiin koodhku way iswaafaqayaan {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Koodhka !! Tirada !! {{nowrap|E<ref name="ReferenceA"/>}} !! Lacagta !! Ka !! ilaa<br />-01-01 !! Waxaa bedelay |- | ADF ||… ||2 ||[[Andorran franc]] (1:1 lacagta faransiiska) ||? ||1999 ||rowspan=24 |'''EUR''' |- | ADP ||020 ||0 ||[[Andorran peseta]] (1:1 ku dhufo[[Spanish peseta]]) ||? ||1999 |- | ATS ||040 ||2 ||[[Austrian schilling]] ||1945 ||1999 |- | BEF ||056 ||1 ||[[Belgian franc]] (Ururka lacagta ee LUF) ||1832 ||1999 |- | CUC ||931 ||2 ||[[Cuban convertible peso]] ||1994 ||2022 ||CUP |- | CYP ||196 ||2 ||[[Cypriot pound]] ||1879 ||2008 |- | DEM ||276 ||2 ||[[German mark]] ||1948 ||1999 |- | ESP ||724 ||0 ||[[Spanish peseta]] ||1869 ||1999 |- | FIM ||246 ||2 ||[[Finnish markka]] ||1860 ||1999 |- | FRF ||250 ||2 ||[[French franc]] ||1960 ||1999 |- | GRD ||300 ||0 ||[[Greek drachma]] ||1954 ||2001 |- | HRK ||191 ||2 ||[[Croatian kuna]] ||1992 ||2023 |- | IEP ||372 ||2 ||[[Irish pound]] (ku qor afka Irishka) ||1938 ||1999 |- | ITL ||380 ||0 ||[[Italian lira]] ||1861 ||1999 |- | LTL ||440 ||2 ||[[Lithuanian litas]] ||1992 ||2015 |- | LUF ||442 ||1 ||[[Luxembourg franc]] midowga lacagta leh ( BEF) ||1944 ||1999 |- | MCF ||… ||1 ||[[Monegasque franc]] (midowga lacagta lehFRF) ||1960 ||1999 |- | MTL ||470 ||2 ||[[Maltese lira]] ||1968<ref name="Fatepapermoney">{{cite web|url=http://news.goldseek.com/GoldSeek/1214842037.php |title=Fate of Paper Money |publisher=News.goldseek.com |date=2008-06-30 |accessdate=2010-09-01}}</ref>||2008 |- | NLG ||528 ||2 ||[[Netherlands guilder]] ||1810s ||1999 |- | PTE ||620 ||0 ||[[Portuguese escudo]] ||1911-05-22 ||1999 |- | SIT ||705 ||1 ||[[Slovenian tolar]] ||1991-10-08 ||2007 |- | SKK ||703 ||1 ||[[Slovak koruna]] ||1993-02-08 ||2009 |- | SML ||… ||0 ||[[San Marinese lira]] (Ururka lacagta ee ITL iyo VAL) ||1864 ||1999 |- | VAL ||… ||0 ||[[Vatican lira]] (Ururka lacagta ee ITL iyo SML ||1929 ||1999 |- | XEU ||954 ||. ||[[European Currency Unit]] (1 XEU = 1 EUR) ||? ||1999 |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Code !! Num !! {{nowrap|E<ref name="ReferenceA"/>}} !! Currency !! From !! Until !! Replaced by |- | AFA ||004 || ||[[Afghan afghani]] ||1925 ||2003 ||AFN |- | AON ||024 ||0 ||[[Angolan kwanza|Angolan new kwanza]] ||1990 ||1995 ||AOR |- | AOR ||982 ||0 ||[[Angolan kwanza|Angolan kwanza readjustado]] ||1995 ||1999 ||AOA |- | ARL ||… ||2 ||[[Argentine peso ley]] ||1970-01-01 ||1983-05-05 ||ARP |- | ARP ||… ||2 ||[[Argentine peso argentino]] ||1983-06-06 ||1985-06-14 ||ARA |- | ARA ||… ||2 ||[[Argentine austral]] ||1985-06-15 ||1991-12-31 ||ARS |- | AZM ||031 ||0 ||[[Azerbaijani manat]] ||1992-08-15 ||2006-01-01 ||AZN |- | BDT || ||1 ||[[Bangladeshi Taka]] ||February 1972 ||Still in use||— |- | BGL ||100 ||2 ||Bulgarian lev A/99 ||1962 ||1999-07-05 ||BGN |- | BOP ||… ||2 ||[[Bolivian peso]] ||1963-01-01 ||1987-01-01 ||BOB |- | BRB ||… ||2 ||[[Brazilian cruzeiro]] novo ||1967 ||1986 ||BRC |- | BRC ||… ||2 ||[[Brazilian cruzado]] ||1986 ||1989 ||BRN |- | BRE ||… ||2 ||[[Brazilian cruzeiro]] ||1990 ||1993 ||BRR |- | BRN ||… ||2 ||[[Brazilian cruzado novo]] ||1989-01-15 ||1990-03-15 ||BRE |- | BRR ||… ||2 ||[[Brazilian cruzeiro real]] ||1993-08-01 ||1994 ||BRL |- | CSD ||891 ||2 ||[[Serbian dinar]] ||2003-07-03 ||2006 ||RSD |- | CSK ||200 || ||[[Czechoslovak koruna]] ||? ||1993-02-08 ||CZK and SKK |- | DDM ||278 || ||[[East German Mark]] ee ah [[GDR]] (Bari Jarmalka) ||1948-06-21 ||1990-07-01 ||DEM |- | ECS ||218 ||0 ||[[Ecuadorian sucre]] ||? ||2000 ||USD |- | ECV ||983 ||. ||Ecuador [[Unidad de Valor Constante]] (code sanduuqa) (la joojiyay) ||1993 ||2000-01-09 ||— |- | GQE ||… || ||[[Equatorial Guinean ekwele]] ||1975 ||1985 ||XAF |- | ESA ||996 || ||Spanish peseta (account A) ||? ||? ||ESP |- | ESB ||995 || ||peseta Isbaanishka (koontada B) ||? ||? ||ESP |- | GNE ||… || ||[[Guinean syli]] ||1971 ||1985 ||GNF |- | GHC ||288 ||0 ||[[Ghanaian cedi]] ||1967 ||2007-07-01 ||GHS |- | GWP ||624 || ||[[Guinea-Bissau peso]] ||1975 ||1997 ||XOF |- | ILP ||… ||3, 2 ||[[Israeli lira]] ||1948 ||1980 ||ILR |- | ILR ||… ||2 ||[[Old Israeli shekel|Israeli shekel]] ||1980-02-24 ||1985-12-31 ||ILS |- | ISJ ||… ||0 ||[[Icelandic old krona]] ||? ||1981 ||ISK |- | LAJ ||… || ||[[Lao kip]] ||? ||1979 ||LAK |- | MAF ||… ||– ||[[Moroccan franc]] ||1921 ||1960–1976 ||MADeu |- | MGF ||450 || ||[[Malagasy franc]] ||1963-07-01 ||2005-01-01 ||MGA |- | MKN ||… || ||[[Macedonian denar|Old Macedonian denar]] A/93 ||? ||1993 ||MKD |- | MLF ||… || ||[[Malian franc|Mali franc]] ||? ||1984 ||XOF |- | MVQ ||… || ||[[Maldivian rupee]] ||? ||1981 ||MVR |- | MXP ||… || ||[[Mexican peso]] ||? ||1993 ||MXN |- | MZM ||508 ||0 ||[[Mozambican metical]] ||1980 ||2006-06-30 ||MZN |- | NFD ||… ||2 ||[[Newfoundland dollar]] ||1865 ||1949 ||CAD |- | PEH ||… || ||[[Peruvian sol]] ||1863 ||1985-02-01 ||PEI |- | PEI ||… || ||[[Peruvian inti]] ||1985-02-01 ||1991-10-01 ||PEN |- | PLZ ||616 || ||[[Polish zloty]] A/94 ||? ||1995 ||PLN |- | ROL ||642 || ||[[Romania]]n [[Romanian leu|leu]] A/05 ||? ||2005 ||RON |- | RUR ||810 || ||[[Russian rouble]] A/97 ||1992 ||1997-12-31 ||RUB |- | SDD ||736 || ||[[Sudanese dinar]] ||1992-06-08 ||2007-01-10 ||SDG |- | SRG ||740 || ||[[Surinamese guilder|Suriname guilder]] ||? ||2004 ||SRD |- | SUR ||… || ||[[Soviet rouble|Soviet Union rouble]] ||1961 ||1991 ||RUR |- | SVC ||222 ||2 ||[[Salvadoran colón]] ||1892 ||2001 ||USD |- | TJR ||762 || ||[[Tajikistani ruble]] ||1995-05-10 ||2000-10-30 ||TJS |- | TMM ||795 ||0 ||[[Turkmenistani manat]] ||1993-11-01 ||2008-12-31 ||TMT |- | TRL ||792 ||0 ||[[Turkish lira]] A/05 ||? ||2005 ||TRY |- | UAK ||804 || ||[[Ukrainian karbovanets]] ||? ||1996-09-02 ||UAH |- | UGS ||… || ||[[Ugandan shilling]] A/87 ||? ||1987 ||UGX |- | USS ||998 ||2 ||Doolarka Maraykanka (isku maalin) (koodhka lacagaha) || ||||— |- | UYN ||… || ||[[Uruguay old peso]] ||? ||1993-03-01 ||UYU |- | VEB ||862 ||2 ||[[Venezuelan bolívar]] ||? ||2008-01-01 ||VEF |- | XFO ||… || ||[[Gold franc]] (lacagta dejinta gaarka ah) ||? ||2003 ||XDR |- | YDD ||720 || ||[[South Yemeni dinar]] ||? ||1996-06-11 ||YER |- | YUD ||… ||2 ||[[Yugoslav dinar]] ||1966-01-01 ||1989-12-31 ||YUN |- | YUN ||… ||2 ||[[Yugoslav dinar]] ||1990-01-01 ||1992-06-30 ||YUR |- | YUR ||… ||2 ||[[Yugoslav dinar]] ||1992-07-01 ||1993-09-30 ||YUO |- | YUO ||… ||2 ||[[Yugoslav dinar]] ||1993-10-01 ||1993-12-31 ||YUG |- | YUG ||… ||2 ||[[Yugoslav dinar]] ||1994-01-01 ||1994-01-23 ||YUM |- | YUM ||891 ||2 ||[[Yugoslav dinar]] ||1994-01-24 ||2003-07-02 ||CSD |- | ZAL ||991 ||. ||Koonfur Afrika [[financial rand]] (code sanduuqa) (la joojiyay) ||1985-09-01 ||1995-03-13 ||— |- | ZRN ||180 ||2 ||[[Zaïrean new zaïre]] ||1993 ||1997 ||CDF |- | ZRZ ||… ||3 ||[[Zaïrean zaïre]] ||1967 ||1993 ||ZRN |- | ZWC ||… ||2 ||[[Rhodesian dollar]] ||1970-02-17 ||1980 ||ZWD |- | ZWD ||716 ||2 ||[[Zimbabwean dollar]] A/06 ||1980-04-18 ||2006-07-31 ||ZWN |- | ZWN ||942 ||2 ||[[Zimbabwean dollar]] A/08 ||2006-08-01 ||2008-07-31 ||ZWR |- | ZWR ||935 ||2 ||[[Zimbabwean dollar]] A/09 ||2008-08-01 ||2009-02-02 ||ZWL |} ==Faahfaahinta lacagta== ===Qaybaha unugyada yaryar=== Daabacaadda 2008 (7aad) ee ISO 4217 waxay leedahay waxyaalahan soo socda oo ku saabsan unugyada lacagta yar: Shuruudo ayaa mararka qaarkood soo baxa qiyamka lagu muujinayo qaybo yar oo lacag ah. Marka tani dhacdo, waa lagama maarmaan in la ogaado xiriirka tobanlaha ah ee ka dhexeeya lacagta ay khusayso iyo qaybteeda yar. Haddaba xogtan ayaa lagu daray heerkan caalamiga ah waxaana lagu muujiyey tiirka cinwaankiisu yahay "Unugga Yar" ee Jadwalka A.1 iyo A.2; "0" macnaheedu waa in aanay jirin unug yar oo lacagtaas ah, halka "1", "2" iyo "3" ay tilmaamayaan saamiga 10:1, 100:1 iyo1000 :1 siday u kala horreeyaan. Magacyada unugyada yaryar lama sheegin. Tusaalooyinka saamiga100 :1 iyo1000 :1 waxa ku jira dollarka Maraykanka iyo dinaarka Bahraini , kaas oo tiirka cinwaankiisu yahay "Minor unit" uu muujinayo "2" iyo "3", siday u kala horreeyaan. Laga bilaabo 2021 , laba lacagood ayaa leh saamiyo aan tobanle ahayn, ouguiya Mauritania iyo ariary Malagasy ; labada xaaladoodba saamigu waa 5:1. Kuwan, tiirka "cutubka yar" wuxuu muujinayaa lambarka "2". Lacagaha qaar, sida faranka Burundi , dhab ahaantii ma haystaan ​​wax lacag ah oo yar. Kuwani waxay muujinayaan lambarka "0", sida lacagaha aan cutubyadooda yar-yar la isticmaalin qiimaha dayacan awgeed. ===Booska koodka qaabaynta qaddarka=== Heerka ISO 4217 ma nidaamiyo kala dheereynta, horgalayaasha ama ku dhejinta isticmaalka koodhka lacagta. Hagaha qaabka Xafiiska Daabacaada Midowga Yurub wuxuu caddaynayaa in qoraallada ay soo saareen ama loo soo mariyey Komishanka ee Ingiriisiga , Irishka , Latvia , iyo Malta , koodka ISO 4217 waa in lagu raaco "meel adag" ( meel aan jabin ) iyo qaddarka: lacag dhan 30 Euro iyo qoraalada Bulgaariya , Croatian , Czech , Danish , Dutch , Istooniyaan , Finnish , Faransiis , Jarmal , Greek , Hungarian , Talyaani , Lithuanian , Polish , Bortuqiis , Romanian , Slovak , Slovene , Isbaanish , iyo Iswidhishka amarka waa rogaal celis; Qadarka waxaa raacaya meel aan jabin iyo koodka ISO 4217: wuxuu ahaa 30 Euro Sida lagu muujiyay, nidaamka laguma go'aamiyo lacagta laakiin waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa luqadda hooyo ee macnaha guud. ===USD, USN: laba lambar oo lacagta Maraykanka === Doolarka Maraykanku dhab ahaantii wuxuu leeyahay saddex lambar oo loo qoondeeyay: USD, USS (isku maalin) iyo USN (maalinta xigta). Marka loo eego tallada UN/CEFACT 9, cutubyada 8-9 ECE/TRADE/203, 1996, oo laga heli karo online Archived 2010-06-26 ee Mashiinka Wayback : 8. Codsiyada halka agabka lacageed ee laxidhiidha lacag (tusaale ahaan lacagaha) aan loo baahnayn in la cayimo iyo halka aqoonsiga goobta ee tilmaamaya lacagta la isticmaalo, labada xaraf ee ugu horeeya (bidix) ayaa ku filan in lagu aqoonsado lacag-tusaale: US Dollarka Maraykanka guud ahaan, ujeeddooyin aan la cayimin halka aqoonsiga goobta ee tilmaamaya lacagtu uu joogo. (Aqoonsigu wuxuu noqon karaa goob hore loo daabacay oo cinwaankeedu yahay dukumeenti toosan ama codsi la mid ah oo lagu heshiiyey gudbinta xogta elektaroonigga ah.) 9. Codsiyada ay jirto baahi loo qabo in la kala saaro noocyada kala duwan ee lacagaha, ama meelaha lacagaha looga baahan yahay sida jawiga bangiyada, ama meesha aysan jirin aqoonsi goobeed, saddexaad (xaq u) dabeecadda koodka alifbeetada waa tilmaame, gaar ahaan mnemonic, oo laga soo qaatay magaca qaybta lacagta weyn ama sanduuqa - tusaale ahaan: USD guud ahaan, ujeedooyin aan la cayimin; USN ee lacagta Maraykanka dollarka maalinta xigta, iyo USS ee miisaaniyadaha kuwaas oo isla markiiba diyaar u ah wareejinta Kaydka Federaalka, ka saarista lacag caddaan ah ama ku wareejinta sida lacagaha (lacag-maalinta isla-maalinta ah). Maaddaama aysan jirin baahi loo qabo kala soociddan codsiyada ganacsiga caalamiga ah, code-yada lacagaha laguma darin Lifaaqa soo-jeedinta hadda. ==Tixraacyo== [https://www.bitcoin.org/trade "Bitcoins ka ganacsiga"] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bitcoin.org/trade |date=20110423151230 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20090611183044/http://www.orderofmalta.org/site/infonumi.asp?idlingua=5 "Amarka Boqortooyada Malta - goobta rasmiga ah"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20061031165137/http://www.lloydstsbcorporatemarkets.com/glossary/currencies.asp "Lloyds TSB Suuqyada Shirkadaha - Lacagaha Wadamada iyo Koodhadhka"] [http://news.goldseek.com/GoldSeek/1214842037.php "Masiirka Lacagta Warqadda"] ==Mareegaha kale== [http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/popstds/currencycodeslist.html Liiska rasmiga ah ee ISO 4217 alifbeetada iyo koodhadhka nambarada] {{Wayback|url=http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/popstds/currencycodeslist.html |date=20080819183925 }} [http://www.currency-iso.org/ ISO 4217 Wakaaladda dayactirka] [http://www.abbreviations.com/acronyms/CURRENCIES Liis dheer oo lacagaha caalamiga ah iyo foomka soo gaabinta] [http://www.etoolsage.com/Query/CurrencyCode.asp?toolsort=1100 Raadinta Koodhadhka Lacagta] {{Wayback|url=http://www.etoolsage.com/Query/CurrencyCode.asp?toolsort=1100 |date=20100904070428 }} [http://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-370303.htm#position Booska ISO code ama lacagta saxeexa euro] [http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/currency_table.html Liis kale oo nambaro iyo alifbeetada ISO 4217 ah] [http://www.unece.org/cefact/recommendations/rec09/rec09_ecetrd203.pdf Liis da'weyn oo ah ISO 4217 codes alifbeetada oo ka kooban qaar ka mid ah taariikhda ISO 4217] f5t40wf3fr1vuyc70ajzlujas7fhc19 0 13927 305759 300941 2026-08-24T05:44:50Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox masjid | name = Kacabada | image = Mosquée Masjid el Haram à la Mecque.jpg The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah_from_the_second_floor,_Saudi_Arabia_(7)_(52501682079).jpg | latitude = 21.422495 | longitude = 39.826165 | location = [[Makka]],al-Xijaas]],[[Sacuudi Carabiya]] | year = | length = | width = | area = | totalarea = | height = {{convert|13.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} | tradition = [[Islam]] }} [[File:Kaaba2.JPG|250px|thumb|Kacbada]] '''Kacbada''' waa qiblada muslimiinta ee u jeestaan markay tukanayaan kuna dawaafaan xiliga [[Xaj|Xajka]] waana dhismihii ugu horeeyay ee dhulka laga dhiso sida ay [[islaamka|Diinta islaamka]] qabto<ref>http://www.alukah.net/culture/0/46384/</ref> marka laga hadlayo [[Kacbo|Kacbada]] waxaa qasab ah in laga hadlo [[Masjidul-xaraam]] waayo waxay ku taalaa [[Kacbo|Kacbada]] [[Masjidul-xaraam]] dhaxdiisa ayadoo taariikhda masjidka ka bilaabanayso taariikhda [[Kacbo|Kacbada]] sharfoon<ref>[[:ar:الكعبة#cite_ref-.D8.B3.D8.A8.D9.84_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.87.D8.AF.D9.89_.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B1.D8.B4.D8.A7.D8.AF_2-1|https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9#cite_ref-.D8.B3.D8.A8.D9.84_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.87.D8.AF.D9.89_.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.B1.D8.B4.D8.A7.D8.AF_2-1]]</ref>. siduu [[Islaam|Islaamka]] qabo. [[Kacbo|Kacbada]] markii hore [[Malaa'ig|Malaa'igtaa]] dhistay N[[Nebi Aadam|ebi Aadan]] hortii. magacyada Kacbada waxaa ka mid ah Baytul-xaraam waayo [[Alle]] ayaa ka xarimay in dhiig lagu daadshu dhaxdiisa, waxayna ka dhigantahay meesha dhulka dushiisa ugu sharafta badan<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.eslam.de/arab/begriffe_arab/22kaf/kaaba.htm |access-date=2016-03-14 |archive-date=2016-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128114548/http://www.eslam.de/arab/begriffe_arab/22kaf/kaaba.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> sida [[Qur'aan |Quraanka kariimka]] ku cad (إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِي بِبَكَّةَ مُبَارَكًا وَهُدًى لِّلْعَالَمِينَ (سورة آل عمران، الآية 96 wuxuu muslimku qabaa in Alaah faray [[Nebi Ibraahiim]] iyo wiilkisa [[Nebi Ismaaciil]] inay dib saro ugu qadaan Kacbada tiirarkeeda sida [[Qur'aan |Quraanka kariimka]] ku cad وَإِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ القَوَاعِدَ مِنَ البَيْتِ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ العَلِيمُ ﴾‏(‏ البقرة‏:127)‏) Alle ayaa faray [[Nebi Ibraahiim]] in dadka faro Kacbada u soo Xajiyaan sida [[Qur'aan |Quraanka kariimka]] ku cad (وَأَذِّن فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ يَأْتُوكَ رِجَالا وَعَلَى كُلِّ ضَامِرٍ يَأْتِينَ مِن كُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِيق) (سورة الحج 27) Kacbada waxay ku taalaa bartamaha [[Masjidul-xaraam]] wanaa dhimo weyn oo joogiisa dhanyahay 15.mitir balaca dhankeeda irida ahna 12.mitir, halaka balaca dhanka gadaal ee dhanka masharaafta10.mitir yahay qaabkeedana u eg yahay dhagax weyn oo afar gees ah oo saro u qaadan<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.arrai.org/pages.php?option=browse&id=114199 |access-date=2016-03-14 |archive-date=2017-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714113730/http://arrai.org/pages.php?option=browse&id=114199 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. waagii [[Nebi Ismaaciil]] c.s. wuxuu dhamaa dhirirka joogeda 9 dhudhun oo saanqaaf la'aan ah iyo irid iska banaan. ilaa uu ka yimid [[Tubbac]] oo saaray saanqaaf kadibna [[Cabdi mudalib]] oo u sameeyay ilabaab bir ah oo leh gaanjo [[Dahab]] ah wuxxuna ahaa qofkii ugu horeyay oo [[Kacbada]] [[Dahab]] ku xardha<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.arrai.org/pages.php?option=browse&id=114199 |access-date=2016-03-14 |archive-date=2017-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714113730/http://arrai.org/pages.php?option=browse&id=114199 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> == Magacaabida Kacbada == === Kacbo waxa loola jeedo afka carabiga === * Kacbo waa magac carabi ah waxaana loola jeeda afar gees waayo Kacabada waa dhismo afar gees oo kale ah === Magacyada Quraanka ku jira ee Kacbada leedahay === * '''Al-kacbah''' يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَقْتُلُوا الصَّيْدَ وَأَنتُمْ حُرُمٌ وَمَن قَتَلَهُ مِنكُم مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاءٌ مِّثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ يَحْكُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِّنكُمْ هَدْيًا بَالِغَ الْكَعْبَةِ أَوْ كَفَّارَةٌ طَعَامُ مَسَاكِينَ أَوْ عَدْلُ ذَلِكَ صِيَامًا لِّيَذُوقَ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِ عَفَا اللَّـهُ عَمَّا سَلَفَ وَمَنْ عَادَ فَيَنتَقِمُ اللَّـهُ مِنْهُ وَاللَّـهُ عَزِيزٌ ذُو انتِقَامٍ)سورة المائدة ﴿٩٥ * '''Al-bayt''' (وَإِذْ جَعَلْنَا الْبَيْتَ مَثَابَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَأَمْنًا وَاتَّخِذُوا مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ أَن طَهِّرَا بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَالْعَاكِفِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ ﴿سورة البقرة١٢٥ * '''Al-baytul muxaram''' (رَبَّنا إِنّي أَسكَنتُ مِن ذُرِّيَّتي بِوادٍ غَيرِ ذي زَرعٍ عِندَ بَيتِكَ المُحَرَّمِ رَبَّنا لِيُقيمُوا الصَّلاةَ فَاجعَل أَفئِدَةً مِنَ النّاسِ تَهوي إِلَيهِم وَارزُقهُم مِنَ الثَّمَراتِ لَعَلَّهُم يَشكُرونَ ﴿٣٧سورة إبراهيم * '''Baytul catiiq''' (ثُمَّ لْيَقْضُوا تَفَثَهُمْ وَلْيُوفُوا نُذُورَهُمْ وَلْيَطَّوَّفُوا بِالْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ (سورة الحج، الآية 29) == Kacbada halkee dhacdo == * waxay ku taalaa magaalada [[Makkah al-Mukarama]] dhanka galbeed ee [[Jasiirad Dhuleedka Carabta]] tog ka mid ah tagoga buuraha Xijaas ooga hareersan dhan walbaa. waxay dhacdaana [[Lool]] ka 21 darajo iyo 25 daqiiqo dhanka [[Waqooyi]] iyo [[Dhigaha]] 39 darajo iyo 49 daqiiqo dhanka [[Bari]] waxayna ka sareesaa [[Badda]] in kabadan saddex boqol oo [[mitir]]<ref>http://fatwa.islamweb.net/fatwa/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=6468</ref> [[File:Mecca banner Kaaba 3.jpg|thumb|'''Kacbada waa dhismaha madow ee bartanka ku yaala, dhismaha ku hareeresan waa masjidul-xaraam'''|1127x1127px|centre]] == Dhisidii Kacbada == * Islaamka wuxuu qabaa in Kacbada cid dhistaa ugu horaysay [[Malaa'ig|Malaa'igta]] , taariikhda sida ku sugan Kacbada in la dhisay 11 goor. [[Malaa'ig|Malaa'igta]] ayaa ugu horeysay waxaa xigay [[Nebi Aadam]] hadana [[Nebi Ibraahiim]] iyo wiilkiisa [[Nebi Ismaaciil]] kadib [[Camaaliqah|Camaaliqada]] deetana [[Jurhum]] gadaashoodna [[Qusayi binu kilaab]] hadana [[Quraysh]] waxaa xigay [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin zubeyr]] r.c sanadkii 65[[Hijriyada|H]] waxaa xigay [[Xajaaj bin yuusuf|Xajaaj bin Yuusuf]] sanadkii 74 [[Hijriyada|H]] kadib [[Suldaan Muraadkii afaraad]] sanadkii 1040 [[Hijriyada|H]]<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.arrai.org/pages.php?option=browse&id=114199 |access-date=2016-03-14 |archive-date=2017-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714113730/http://arrai.org/pages.php?option=browse&id=114199 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> waxay ka bilaabantaa taariikhda dhisida [[Masjidul-xaraam]] goortii la dhisay Kacbada sharafta leh. sidaan horay ugu soo sheegnay Kacbada waxaa dhisay Malaa'igta balse waxaa burburiyay [[Duufaantii Nebi Nuux]]c.s kadib waxaa dib u dhisay [[Nebi Ibraahiim]] iyo wiilkiisii [[Nebi Ismaaciil]] sida [[Quraanka Kariimka]] وَإِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْقَوَاعِدَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا إِنَّكَ أَنتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ ﴿١٢٧ markaa buu ka keenay [[Malaku Jibriil|Malku jibriil]] c.s [[Dhagaxa Madow]] Jannada mana aheyn madow balse wuu cadaa cadaan dhalaaleysa (xijrul aswad) abalse waxaa madow ka dhiga danbiga mushrukiinta sida xadiis nabiga laga wariyay leeyahay «الحجر الأسود من الجنة وكان أشد بياضاً من الثلج حتى سودته خطايا أهل الشرك».<ref>https://library.islamweb.net/hadith/display_hbook.php?hflag=1&bk_no=1626&pid=898571{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Dhisidii Qureysh ee Kacbada Islaamka hortii === * Kacbada sideedii bee iska aheyd ilaa Qureysh dib uga dhiseen, taasoo keentay dab weyn oo Kacbada qabsaday mudo laga joogo 30 sano ku dhawaad kadib xiligii Abraha Maroodiga ku soo weeraray Kacbada. dabkaasoo ka dhashay in hawayney Kacbada udginaysay dab ka qabsaday. dabkaasoo dhismihii jilciyay hadana Daad baa ku dhuftay daafaheeda oo burburiyay. markaa bee Qureysh dib u dhiseen, waxeena isku afgarten inaan Kacbada lagu darin xoolaha lagu dhisaayo wax aan xalaal aheyn. qarashkii loo helay ayaa yaraaday tasoo keentay in dhismihii la wada dhisiwaayo. markaabee sadex mitir hor u soo bixiyeen dhanka dhagaxa madow * '''wax yaalaha Qurersh Kacbada ku soo kordhisy''' iriday sare u qaadeen si cidee rabaan uun u soo gasho ilinka danbana way owdeen waxayna u yeeleen saanqaaf iyo masharaaf biyaha saarta. saro waxay u qaadeen joogeeda 8.64 mitir halki markii hore ka aheyd 4.32 mitir<br> === Dhisidii Cabdulaahi binu subeer === waagii [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin zubeyr]] baa dib loo dhisay Kacbada tasoo keentay dab ka soo gaaray Manjaniiqyadii lagu duqeenaayay xiligii [[Yziid bin mucaawiya|Yaziid bin Macaawiya]] go'doomiyay magaalada [[Makkah al-Mukarama|Makkah al-mukarama]] . taasoo ugu wacneed in [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] diiday in [[Yaziid bin mucaawiya|Yaziid bin Mucaawiya]] bayco la galo. dadki raacsanaa [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] ayaa kacdoon ka sameeyay magaalada [[Madiina Al-Munawara|Mediintul Al-Munawara]]. [[Yaziid bin mucaawiya|Yaziid bin Mucaawiya]] baa markaa u diray [[Ciidan]] uu hogaaminaayo [[Muslim bin Cuqba|Muslim bin Cuqbah]] magaalada [[Medina|Mediintul Al-Munawara]] wuuna qabsaday magaaladii wuxuuna ooga sii gudbay asagii iyo ciidan kiisiiba magaalada [[Makkah al-Mukarama]] balse intuusan gaarin ayuu dhax ku dhintay. kadib [[Ciidan|Ciidankii]] waxaa hogaamiyay Al[[xuseyn bin al-namiir]] muduu hareerenayay kabid waxaa u suurta gashay inuu qabsadi [[Buurta]] Abii-qubeys markaas ayuu bilaabay inuu ku duqeeyo [[Manjaniiq]] [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] iyo intii raacsaneed. [[Manjaniiq]] yadii ayaa haleelay Kacbada oo gubay kadib markii [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] loo doortay Khaliifo sandii 64[[Hijriyada|H]] ayuu damcay Kacbada dumiyo si uu dib ugu dhiso. taaso ugu wacneed xadiis uu ka maqlay [[Caa'isha binti Abiibakar|Caa'ishah]] r.c ka warinayso [[Nebi Aadam C.S|Nebiga]] c.s.w (uu ku lee yahay hadeesan jiri la heyn cidaada-wuxuu ula jeedaa qureysh- islam ee ku cusub yihiin kacbada ayaan dib ugu celinlahaa halkii nebi ibraahiim dhagaxana gudahaan soo galin lahaa labo ilina waan u yeeli lahi mid bari iyo mid galbeed iridana dhukaan la simi lahaa waayo cadaada ayaa kor u qaaday si cidee rabaana u soo gasho kee rabaan au diidaan )<ref>http://islam.vendredi.free.fr/rangement/alimane/www.al-eman.com/Islamlib/viewchp2c34.html?BID=251&CID=133#s7</ref> xadiis saa oo kale ah Kacbada wuxuuna gaarsiiyay aasaaskii [[Nabi Ibraahiim C.S.|Nebi Ibraahiim]] wuxuuna gaarsiiay joogeeda todobo iyo labaatan dhudhun, dhumucda darbiyadana labo dhudhun, wuxuuna usameeyay labo irid oo aan dhulka saro ooga qaadneen labo ilin mid laga galo oo dhanka bari ah iyo mid laga baxo oo dhanka galbeed ah. sanadkii 65[[Hijriyada |H]] ayuu dib u balaariyay kadib markii dadkii bateen wuxuu gaarsiiyay Toban kun oo mitir iskuweer ah.<ref>http://www.masrawy.com/Islameyat/Others-Masaged/details/2014/10/1/358485/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B0-%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%86 {{Wayback|url=http://www.masrawy.com/Islameyat/Others-Masaged/details/2014/10/1/358485/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B0-%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%86 |date=20160316151205 }}</ref> === Dhisidii Xajaaj bin yuusuf xiligii Umawiyiinta === [[Cabdilmalik bin marwaan|Cabdilmalik bin Marwaan]] baa go'aansaday inuu meesha ka saaro [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] markaa buu u diray [[Xajaaj bin yuusuf|Xajaaj bin Yuusuf]] oo ciidan xoog badan wata inuu magaalada [[Makkah al-Mukarama|Makkah al-mukarama]] gacanta ooga dhigo [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] markaa buu hareereyay magaalada wuxuuna ku rakibtay Manjaniiq yadii (waa madaafiic goob oo la isticmaali jiray waagii hore) buurta Abii-qubeys iyo buurta qaciiqaan iyo magalaada dhinacyadeedaba markaa buu bilaabay inuu ladhaco saasbee ku gubatay Kacbada. markaa bee [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] iyo ciidankiisa banaanka ugu baxeen [[Xajaaj bin yuusuf|Xajaaj bin Yuusuf]] cabdulaahina waa la dilay dagaalkii saas buu ku istaagay. [[Xajaaj bin yuusuf|Xajaaj bin Yuusuf]] baa warqad u qoray [[Cabdilmalik bin marwaan|Cabdilmalik bin Marwaan]] uu ku sheegayo in [[Cabdulaahi bin zubeyr|Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] wax ka badalay kacbadii. [[Cabdilmalik bin marwaan|Cabdilmalik bin Marwaan]] baa amaray xajaaj inuu dumiyo waxii cabdulaahi bin zubeyr ku kordhiyay . taasoo ugu wacneed cilmi la'aan ka haysay xadiiskii [[Caa'isha binti Abiibakar|Caa'isha]] r.c laga wariyay . sanadii 74[[Hijriyada|H]] xajaaj baa dumiyay lix dhudhun waxuuna ka dhisay aasaaskii qureysh wuuna owday iriidii galbeed<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://library.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?idfrom=974&idto=975&bk_no=59&ID=1089 |access-date=2016-03-14 |archive-date=2016-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424023253/http://library.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?idfrom=974&idto=975&bk_no=59&ID=1089 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> === Dhisidii Suldaan Muraadkii afaraad xilidii Cusmaaniyiinta === [[File:Kaba.jpg|thumb|waa sawir la qaaday 1880M(1297[[Hijriyada|H]])]] xiligii [[Axmad koowaad|Suldaan Axmad 1aad]] baa gidaaradii Kacbada jilceen oo soo daateen. markaasi baa [[Suldaan Axmad Awal]] damcay inuu dumiyo oo dib u cusboonesiiyo dhismaheeda, balse injineeradii baa kula taliyay inuu maarta jaalaha ah oo dahabka ku ladhan ku adkeeyo xaga sare iyo xaga hoose , saa owgeed ma sii taagnaan oo waxaa burburiyay Roob mahiigaan ah oo Makkah helay maalin arbaco ah 19 Shacbaan 1039[[Hijriyada|H]] oo isku badalay Daad weyn oo galay Masijul-xaraam iyo Kacbadaba, Daad kaasoo xaaqay wax walboo gudaha Masjidka yaalay oo soo saaray keedkeedii, waxaana ku dhintay Dad Faro badan, waxaan dumay gidaarkii xaga Shaam iyo qeeb ka mid ah gidaaradii bari iyo galbeed. wuxuu amray [[Suldaan Muraadkii afaraad]] in si dhaqsa ah dib loogu dhiso. waxaana dib u dhisay injineero Masaari ah sandkii 1040H waana dhismaha hada dhisan ee Kacbada, waxaana suurtoobay habeenteeda iyo naashnaashida Masjidka dhamaantii waxaana lagu fidiyay dhulkeeda Gogol, waxay bilaabatay dhisidu maalin Axad ah 23 [[Jamaadul Aakhir]] sanadkii 1040 waxayna la dhameestiray dhisitaankeeda isla sanadkaa bilawga bisha Ramadaan. waana dismaha hada kuu muuqda, wixii waagaa ka danbeeyay waxaa lagu kordhiyay uun naashnaashid == Tilmaamaha Kacbada == [[File:Kaaba.png|thumb|Kacbada]] Kacbada waxaa lagu tilmaamaa dhismo qaab afar gees ah oo joogiisa dhanyahay 15 mitir uuna garaayo balaceeda dhanka irida 12 mitir balaceeda dhanka masharaafta ah 10 mitir. saas ma aheyn waagii [[Nabi Ismaaciil C.S.|Nebi Ismaaciil]] waxaysa aheyd 9 dhudhun saanqaaf la'. Qureysh baa islaamka hortii ku dartay 9 dhudhun oo kale markaabe noqotay 18 dhudhun irideedana saro bee u qaadeen, markaas bee noqotay in lagu galo jaraanjar wagii [[Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] buu ku daray 9 dhudhun markaabee noqotay 27 dhudhun ilaa hada waa sidaa. <a h sida lawada ogyahay Kacbada waxay lee dahay afar tiir, oo kala ah '''Tiirka madow''', '''Tiirka xaga wuqooyi''', '''Tiirka xaga yama'''n iyo '''Tiirka xaga ciraaq,''' xaga darbiga wuqooyi waxay ku lee dahay masharaaf ka sameesan dahab kuna beegan [[Dhagaxa Ismaaciil]] . # '''[[Dhagaxa madow]] :''' waa dhagax qaab yara cadaan leh, midibkiisuna yahay madow guduud xigeen ah kuna yaala dhanka koonfur bari ee Kacbada # '''[[Ilbaabka Kacbada]] :''' wuxuu ka sameesan yahay qalin waxaana la sameeyay waagii cusmaaniyiinta, kadib waxaa lagu xardhay qoraal carabiyeed oo quraan ah # '''[[Masharaafta Kacbada]] :''' waa qeeb ku dhagan dusha sare dhanka wuqooyi ee Kacbada, kana saarta kacbada biyaha roobka # '''[[Shaadaruwaan]]:''' waa dhagaxaantii aasaaska kacbada ee laga tagay banaanka, waxayna u eg tahay hoos guntiga haweenka oo kale # '''[[Dhagaxa Ismaaciil]]:''' waa deer ama xeendaab meegaran oo leh qaab garaangar bar keed oo kale ah kuna yaale dhanka wuqooyi ee kacbada # '''[[Multazim]] :''' waa inta u dhaxeesa dhagaxa madow iyo ilbaabka Kacbada, qiyaas ahaana dhan labo mitir, waana meel alle baryada ku ajiibo # '''[[Maqaamu Ibraahiim]] :''' waa dhagaxii [[Nabi Ibraahiim C.S.|Nebi Ibraahiim]] ku istaag markuu dhisaayay Kacbada # '''[[Tiirarka Kacbada|Tiirka xaga bari]] :''' waa tiirka dhanka ilaabka xiga kuna beegan [[Ceelka zamzam]] waana halkuu ku dhaganyahay dhagaxa madow # '''[[Tiirarka Kacbada|Tiirka xaga Yaman]] :''' waa tiirka dhanka gadaal ooga beegan tiirka bari # '''[[Tiirarka Kacbada|Tiirka xaga wuqooyi]]:''' waa tiirka ku yaala dhanka galbeed ee dhagaxa ismaaciil # '''[[Tiirarka Kacbada|Tiirka xaga Ciraaq]] :''' waa tiirka ku yaala xaga bari ee dhagaxa ismaaciil # '''[[Huga Kacbada]] :''' waa gabal maro ah oo xariir la xardhay ka sameesan kuna xardhan aayado quraan ah ooga dadan Kacbada dhan walbaa == Kacbada waxay ka koobantahay == === Ilbaabka Kacbada === [[File:Gate of Ka-bah.JPG|thumb|250px|sawir la qaaday 2011, ilbaabka kacbada]] '''Ilbaabka Kacbada''' ''wuxuu ku yaalaa dhanka bari ee [[kacbada]], wuxuuna ka sareeyaa [[Shaadaruwaan]] ka 222cm (waxaa loola jeedaa waa kaabada ka hooseesa ilbaabka) Ilbaabkana dhirirkiisu yahay 318 cm balaciisuna 171cm gudahana ugu jira mitir barkii. Kacbadu waxay laheyd ilin iska banaan, kadib ayaa loo sameeyay Ilbaab, hubaalna looma haayo goortii la sameeyay yo cidii sameesay ba. taariikhyahanadu way isku khilaafeen arintaas, balse sida la sheego waxaa runta ugu dhaw, qofkii ugu horeyay oo kacbada ilbaab u yeela inuu ahaa Tubbacii sadaxaad ee boqoradii yaman ka mid ahaa oo joogay nabiga c.s.w hortii xili hore.<ref>[http://islam.ahram.org.eg/NewsQ/3150.aspx باب الكعبة] {{Wayback|url=http://islam.ahram.org.eg/NewsQ/3150.aspx |date=20160919190546 }}، البوابة الدينية</ref> sida ku sugan siiratu ibnu Isxaaq <<wuuxuu ahaa Tubbac siday sheegeen qofkii ugu horeyay oo kacbada dada,wuxuuna faray howlwadeynadiisii ee reer jurham inay kacbada daahiriyaan oona u yeelaan ilbaab iyo fure>><ref>[http://uqu.edu.sa/page/ar/122332 تاريخ باب الكعبة]، جامعة أم القرى</ref> taariikhyahankii al-azraqi asna wuxuu sheegay << wuxuu ahaa Tubbac qofkii ugu horeyay oo kacbada kuwada dada hu' una yeela ilbaab la xiro mana la heyn ilbaab la xiro hortii, wuxuuna ka tirshay Tubbac gabay, oo baytkaan ka mid ahaa'', ''وأقمنا به من الشــهر عشرًا وجعلنا لبابــــه إقليــدا'' >> </ref> <ref>[http://uqu.edu.sa/page/ar/122332 الجزء (1/95)]، سيرة ابت هشام</ref> waagii [[Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] ilbaabka kacbada wuxuu ahaa kow iyo toban dhudhun, kadib [[Xajaaj bin Yuusuf]] ayaa ka dhigay sagaal dhudhun iyo Taako.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://library.islamweb.net/hadith/display_hbook.php?hflag=1&bk_no=71&pid=33089 |access-date=2016-03-19 |archive-date=2016-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822204507/http://library.islamweb.net/hadith/display_hbook.php?hflag=1&bk_no=71&pid=33089 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> sanadkii 1045 waagii [[Suldaan Muraadkii afaraad]] waa la badalay waxaana lagu dheehay dheeh Qalin ah wax dhan 166 xero (pound) waxaana lagu dheehay Dahabka kiisa maarta u eg waana ilbaabka hada ee kacbada leedahay.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.alharamain.gov.sa/index.cfm?do=cms.conarticle&contentid=5816&categoryid=996 |access-date=2016-03-19 |archive-date=2016-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817103546/http://www.alharamain.gov.sa/index.cfm?do=cms.conarticle&contentid=5816&categoryid=996 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> markay reer sacuud yimaadeen baa loo sameeyay labo ilaab. mid waa xilgii Boqor Cabdulcaziiz aala sacuud 1363H, midka labaadna waa kan hada Lee dahay waxaana la sameeya 1398H xiligii Boqor Khaalid bin Cabdulcaziiz aala sacuud waxaana sameyay axmad bin ibraahim badar, waxaana laga sameeyay dahab, dahabka laga sameeyay labada ilbaab wuxuu dhamaa 280KG qiimo dhan 13milyan iyo 420 kun oo dinaar<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://articles.islamweb.net/media/index.php?page=article&lang=A&id=4649 |access-date=2016-03-19 |archive-date=2016-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822190425/http://articles.islamweb.net/media/index.php?page=article&lang=A&id=4649 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://akhbaar24.argaam.com/article/detail/210543 |access-date=2016-03-19 |archive-date=2021-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512230409/https://akhbaar24.argaam.com/article/detail/210543 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> === Masharaafta Kacbada === [[File:Kaaba mizab.jpg|thumb|Masharaafta kacbada waxay ka muuqataa kor, waxa soo taagan oo Dahabka u eg]] '''Masharaafta Kacbada''' ([[Carabi|af-carabi]] ميزاب) <ref>http://www.almaany.com/ar/dict/ar-ar/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8/</ref>waa qeeb ku dhagan dusha sare ee [[kacbada]] dhanka Wuqooyi una jeeda xaga [[Dhagaxa Ismaaciil]] kana saarta biyaha fariista sakxada sare ee kacbada marka la dhaqaayo iyo kuwa Roobka. cidii ugu horeysay oo kacbada masharaaf u yeesha waxay ahaayeen Qureysh Nabiga c.s.w 35 ka hor soo diristiisii waagaa wiixii ka horeyay ma laheyn kacbadu saanqaaf. siduu sheegay taariikhyahanki Ibnu Hishaam oo ka wariyay Ibnu Isxaaq wuxuu yiri <<markuu garay Nebiga c.s.w shan iyo sodon gu' Qureysh baa waxay go'aamiyeen inay kacbada dhisaan, tasoo in badan ku taamayeen inay Saanqaaf saaran,waxayna ka hebeesanayeen duminteeda,waxayna u ekeed wax aan jooga dheereen, markaa bee doneen inay kor u qaadaan oona saanqaaf u yeelaan >><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.alharamain.gov.sa/index.cfm?do=cms.conarticle&contentid=5815&categoryid=996 |access-date=2016-03-19 |archive-date=2016-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817111124/http://www.alharamain.gov.sa/index.cfm?do=cms.conarticle&contentid=5815&categoryid=996 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> markuu [[Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] dhisaayay wuxuu u yeelay masharaaf ujeeda dhanka [[Dhagaxa Ismaaciil]] sidey Qureysh sameesay oo kale. [[Xajaan bin Yuusuf]] markuu dhisaayay kacbada ayuu ka dhimay wax kastoo [[Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] ku kordhiyay oo ku ekaa sidii Nebi Ibraahiim u dhisay, waayo Qureysh ma wada dhisan kacbada qabyee ooga tageen taasoo ugu wacneed qarash yari. markaa buu ka yeelay masharaafta halkeedii hore ee dhanka wuqooyi.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.tohajj.com/Display.Asp?Url=hrm00037.htm |access-date=2016-03-19 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304232552/http://www.tohajj.com/Display.Asp?Url=hrm00037.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> masharaafta haataan ee kacbada waatii waagii uu sameeyay Suldaan Cabdulmajiid khaan, oo lagu sameeyay magaalada qusdandiiniyah ee hada loo yaqaan Istanbul markaa baa lagu dhajiayay 1276H , waxaana ku dahaaran Dahab, kadib waxaa lagu sameeyay habeen oo loo yeelay musbaaro looga dhajay dhanka saro si Qooleedu(shimbirahu) u fuulin, kadib markay xirmatay sakxadii waagii Boqor sacuud bin cabdiziiz .<ref>http://cairodar.youm7.com/310052/%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%89-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%87-%D9%82{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> marka la tilmaamayo, wuxuu yiri Al-azraqiy: dheerarka masharaaftu waa afar dhudhun, dhumucdeeduna waa sideed farood,masharaaftu waxaa ku ku dhagan safeexado Dahab ah, qof Dahab u yeela waxaa u horeeyay [[Waliid bin Cabdulmalik]],waxaana dhacda in la badalo masharaafta kacbada sharfoon,, taasoo ugu wacantahay labo mid,.mid waxa weeye markii ey baaba'do in labado, iyo mida kaloo ah, in Boqorada iyo hantiilayaasha muslimiinta inay u hadyeeni jireen kacbada masharaaf markaa baa lugu xiri jiray kacbada lagana furi jiray tii hore. waxaa laga qaadanayaa inay masharaaftu tahay qaab [[Laydi]] ah oo dusha sare u banaan, una banaan dhanka gadaal ee sakxada kacbada sidoo kale u furan dhanka hore ee banaanka soo jirta ee ku beegan [[Dhagaxa Ismaaciil]] , wuxuuna gaarayaa dhirirka masharaafta 2.58 mitir, balaceedana 25 cm, dhumucdana 21cm, waxana dhanwalbaa ka xiga alwaax 2cm ah iyo safeexado Dahab ah oo dhan 24 qiraad. '''Siday u kala horeeyeen''' * masharaaftii ugu horeysay ee kacbada loo sameeyo waxay aheyd tii Qureysh u sameeyeen Nebiga c.s.w 35 sano ka hor soo diristiisa<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr markuu dhisaayay Kacbada sanadkii 65H<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii Xajaaj bin Yuusuf oo dib u dhisay Kacbada sanadkii 73H xiligii Cabdulmalik bin Marwaan<ref>http://www.youm7.com/story/2014/10/3/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_11_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8/1892472#.VuySROJ97IU</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii uu saaray Sheykh abuu qaasim ramashat sanadkii 537H / 1142M<ref>http://www.youm7.com/story/2014/10/3/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_11_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8/1892472#.VuySROJ97IU</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii khaliifkii Cabaasiyiinta Al-muqtafi li'amrilaah sanadkii 541H/1146M<ref>http://www.youm7.com/story/2014/10/3/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_11_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8/1892472#.VuySROJ97IU</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii Khaliifkii Cabaasiyiinta Al-naasir lidiini laah sanadkii 622H / 1279M<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii Suldaan Suleymaan Al-qaanuuni ee Cusmaaniyiinta sanadkii 959H/ 1551M<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii laga keenay Masar sanadkii 962H / 1554M<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii Cabdulmajiid Al-awal ee Cusmaaniyiinta sanadkii 1021H /1612M<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * waxaa xigtay masharaaftii Suldaan Axmad Al-awal bin Maxamed sanadkii 1021H/1612M<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * kadib waxaa xigtay masharaaftii loo dhiibay xaajigii Ridaa baashaa ee Cusmaaniyiinta sanadkii 1276H / 1859M<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> * Tan hada kacbadu leedahay waa midii xiligii Boqor Fahad bin Cabdulcaziiz la saaray, kabid markii laga badalay midii hore oo loo yeelay mid cusub oo xoog leh kana adag tii hore isku qaabna ah.<ref>http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm {{Wayback|url=http://www.okaz.com.sa/new/Issues/20130601/Con20130601606635.htm |date=20160305072853 }}</ref> === Al-multazim === '''Multazim''' waa magac carabi ah<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.saaid.net/Doat/ehsan/124.htm/ |access-date=2025-06-04 |archive-date=2017-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708033026/http://saaid.net/Doat/ehsan/124.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> waana meel u dhaxeesa [[Dhagaxa Madow]] iyo [[Ilbaabka Kacbada]] dheerar kiisuna dhanyahay afar dhudhun (labo mitir ku dhawaad)<ref>https://islamqa.info/ar/47756</ref> sida laga wariyay [[Cabdullaahi bin Cabbaas]] inuu yiri <<multazimku waa inta u dhaxeesa tiirka iyo ilbaabka>> waana meesha alle baryada ku aqbalo. waxaana suno ah in aad daankaaga iyo dhudhumadaada iyo laabtaada iyo sacabadaada wada saartid oo aad ku dhajisid darbiga(halka u dhaxeesa ilbaabka iyo tiitka dhagaxa madow ka sokeeya) [[Cabdullaahi bin Cabbaas]] sidaa ayuu sameen jiray wuxuuna dhihi jiray <<qofna isku ma dhajiyo oo markaa alle wax ma waydiisto alle waa siiyaa wixii uu rabay>> <ref>http://fatwa.islamweb.net/fatwa/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=34784</ref> sidoo kale waxaa la wariyay Cabdullaahi bin Camri bin Caas inuu dawaafay oo tukaday oo markaa salaamay rukniga oo markaa istaagay inta u dhaxeesa dhagaxa iyo ilbaabka oo uu ku nabay laabtiisa iyo sacabadiisa iyo daankiisa buu markaa yiri <<saas ayaan arkay nabigoo sameenaya>><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://makkah.org.sa/site/index.php/mqalatmakkia/642-almultazam2.html |access-date=2016-03-19 |archive-date=2017-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021123022/http://makkah.org.sa/site/index.php/mqalatmakkia/642-almultazam2.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>. wuxuu yiri abuu zubeyr waxaan arkay [[Cabdullaahi bin Cumar]] r.c iyo [[Cabdullaahi bin Cabbaas]] iyo [[Cabdullaahi bin Zubeyr]] oo isku nabaya. wuxuuna yiri cabdullali bin cabbaas <<inta u dhaxeesa dhagaxa iyo ilbaabka ma istaago qof oo markaa alle maka baryo wax ilaa wuu arkaa dantiisoo qaarkeed oo fushay>><ref>http://islamport.com/b/3/alhadeeth/motoon/%DF%CA%C8%20%C7%E1%E3%CA%E6%E4/%C3%CE%C8%C7%D1%20%E3%DF%C9%20%E1%E1%DD%C7%DF%E5%ED/%C3%CE%C8%C7%D1%20%E3%DF%C9%20%E1%E1%DD%C7%DF%E5%ED%20001.html{{Dead link|date=Bisha Tobnaad 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Shaadaruwaan === === Tiirarka Kacbada === '''Tiirarka Kacbada''' waxaa loola jeedaa waa afarta xagal ee [[Kacbada]]. waxaana loogu magacaabay mar in laga wado afarta jiho ee xigaan marna macno u gaar ah oo loola jeedo<ref>http://www.manhal.net/articles.php?action=show&id=16837</ref> # '''Tiirka xaga bari''': waa tiirka u dhaw [[Ilbaabka Kacbada]] kuna beegan [[Ceelka Zamzam]] ka ku dhawaad waxaa kaloo luga magacaa baa tiirka madaw waayo [[Dhagaxa Madow]] ayaa ku dhagan waana tiirka laga bilaabo [[Dawaafka]] # '''Tiirka xaga Ciraaq''': waa tiirka jira dhanka ciraaq waana tiirka soo xiga tiirka bari marka laga Dawaafayom waxaa kaloo lagu magacaa baa tiirka wuqooyi ku aadanaantiisa dhanka yara wuqooyi, waan tiirka xiga dhanka bari ee [[Dhagaxa Ismaaciil]] # '''Tiirka xaga Galbeed''': waa tiirka soo xiga tiirka ciraaq marka la dawaafayo, waxaa kaloo lagu magacaa baa tiirka Shaam waaayo wuxuu xigaa dhanka shaam, waana tiirka jira dhanka galbeed ee [[Dhagaxa Ismaaciil]] #'''Tiirka xaga Yaman''' : waa tiirka xiga tiirka galbeed marka la dawaafayo, waxaana lagu magacaa baa tiirka koonfur waayo wuxuu yara xigaa dhanka koonfur, waxaa kaloo la dhahaa tiirka yaman waayo wuxuu xigaa dhanka yaman, waxaa kaloo la dhahaa Mustajaaar. waxaa ka loo u gaar ah tiirka yaman in la salaamo asaga iyo Dhaxa Madow marka la dawaafayo<ref>http://fatwa.islamweb.net/fatwa/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=7313</ref> === Dhagaxa Madow === === Maqaamu Ibraahiim === === Dhagaxa Ismaaciil === === Hu'ga Kacbada === == Holwadeenada Kacbada == == Tixraac == * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/Mankinds-Search-for-God/Islām-The-Way-to-God-by-Submission/ Islām—The Way to God by Submission] (en) {{Gumud}} [[Category:Islaam]] [[Category:Aqoon]] [[Category:Ilbaxnimo]] [[Category:Taariikh]] 23whylkzuc2d76s7xprcg3zkthcsxu5 0 30531 305696 302790 2026-08-24T01:44:32Z Abdishakur Gande 32580 /* */ BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN GADABUURSI 305696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} '''___ Beelaha BAHABAR 🦁 AADAN''' __ ([[English]]__''Bahabar Adam Community'' ([[Arabic]]__''مجتمع بهابر آدان'' '''BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN''' waa mid kamida '''Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan '''Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) . 💪''' Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn kuleh Soomalida sida; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan kamuuqda Hoganka Gobanimada & halganada Qadiyada Soomaaliyeed. '''____ BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN _____''' ''Bahabar Adan Maxad Case GADABUURSI'' Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haysa hogaanka siyaasada ama majaraha u haya oo saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. {{Farac |Bahabar Aadan - Maxamed Case - GADABUURSI - Samaroon Gadabuursi | group = Beelaha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4=GOBOLADA. Gabiley - Awdal - Salal - Somaliland - Jabuuti - DDS-Itoobiya Kilinka Shanaad | langs = [[Somali]] [[Arabic]] [[Oromo]] [[Amharic]] [[English]] [[Franch]] [[Swahili]] [[African]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = QABIILKA - BEESHA . [[Bahabar Aadan]] [[Maxamed Case]] [[Samaroon Gadabuursi]] [[Dir ]] |Beelaha Bahabar Aadan - Maxad Case - Gadabuursi=Beelaha Bahabar Aadan}} HORDHAC '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaanada ay dagaan sida [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] waxaay aad ugu Faafan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan *'''Bahabr Aadan''' * AADAN * Maxamed. • '''Maxad Case''' * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon * '''Samaroon Saciid''' * Siciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *'''Gadabuursi''' * Madaluug *'''Dir''' * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaan wadamada 1. '''Somaliland,''' '''2. Jabuuti iyo''' '''3. Itoobiya Dawlad Deegaanka Soomalida Itoobiya.''' Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; '''Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga).''' ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Faahfaahin== *DIIN *Muslim 100% — Dad Muslim ah *DEEGAAN *Somaliland *DDS-Itoobiya *Jabuuti ==Beeraha Badhtanka Boorama ilaa Gabilay 👑 Bahabar Aadan == *1. Beerta ilma Caynaan *2. Beerta ilma Jaamac Hadi *3. Beerta ilma Caqli Hadi *4. Beerta ilma Cimi Gaab *5. Beerta ilma Axmed Sumal *6. Beerta ilma Abokor Muuse *7. Beerta ilma Kaamil *8. Beerta ilma Jaamac Dheere *9. Beerta ilma Muxumed Axmed *10. Beerta ilma Daahir Mixile *11. Beerta ilma Aw Xasan 12. Beerta Ilma Qoordheere Riiraash *13. Beerta ilma Daahir Cilmi *14. Beerta ilma Xalwo Hadi *15. Beerta ilma cabdilaahi Hadi *16. Beerta ilma Xuseen Hadi *17. Beerta ilma Faarax Hadi *18. Beerta ilma Xadi Hadi *19. Beerta ilma Madina Caqli *20. Beerta ilma ... *21. Beerta ilma ... *22. Beerta ilma ... *23. Beerta ilma ... *24. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *25. Beerta ilma ... *26. Beerta ilma ... *27. Beerta ilma ... *28. Beerta ilma ... *29. Beerta ilma ... *30. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *31. Way jiraan beero kale ee kusii dar. * * * *Kasoo bilow wadada halbawlaha borama daanta Jarka waxay ka bilaabantaa '''beerihii Jaamac hadi''' alle ha u naxariste . *Garbaxato waxa ka bilaabanta waa beertaydii ilaa goolada '''Jaamac Hadi (Bahabar aadan )''' ilaa inta '''Xalaal Maal waa beertii Ree Hadi''' cidaan garanayn loo sheegi maayee. *Daanta xanaanada waa '''Beertii Xalwo Hadi''' Ilaa tuur uraysa halkaa jeelka bariga kasoo gaadh '''xalwo hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Usoo dhaadhac xaafad kuwayd yaad ku taqaan waa beertii '''Aqli Hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Waxa ku xiga '''Aw Faarax Caynaan (Bahabar Aadan)''' Waxa ku xiga '''Jaamac Buuxx( Bahabar Aadan)''' *Waxa kusii xigay aw '''Hassan tunbuur(bahabar aadan )'''oo Halka xadrada ah *Kor uga noqo '''sariibada yar ee saaweer Oogo''' '''uga bax waa beerihii cilmi obsiiyeh cilmi gaab ( bahabar aadan)''' *waxa ku xigta ilma '''axmad sumal (Bahabar aadan)''' Halkaa waqooyi uga noqo daantii stationka bariga waqooyi uga noqo *waxa ku xigta '''muuse muhumed xaaji aadan (bahabar aadan )''' Ka soco waxa ku xigta beertii '''Daahir Mixile (bahabar aadan)''' *Saybeeriya ilaa Fardihii halkaa kaga dhac waa '''faarax''' '''Aqli Hadi [ Faarax Dheere ] (Bahabar Aadan)''' *Hoos u dhaaf waa beertii '''Yuusuf Riiraash Qoor Dheere''' oo waxay ku Soo wareegaysaa '''ilaa kaydkii biyaha''' '''Boorama''' *Dhankaa uga noqo Madaxtooyada Beerta Shimbiraale yaqaano waa beertii '''Ardo Hadi Alamagan (bahabar aadan)''' *'''Dhamuug''' uga dhaadhac '''''Ceelka Biyaha ee magalada Boorama ka cabto waa beertii Ilma Daahir Cilmi Nuur (Bahabar Aadan)''''' *'''Camuud u dhaaf waxa isku xiga beertii daahir mixile ( bahabar aadan)''' *'''Hussein Hadi (bahabar aadan)''' '''Daahir Cilmi (bahabar aadan)''' *Gabilay ilaa Baki ilaa Calixaydh ilaa Gabilay inta udhaxasaa Waa Beero BAHABAR AADAN MAXAMED CASE GADABUURSI 💪 . . '''<u>BEERAHA BADHTANKA GABILAY</u>''' - Beerta Cismaan Higirje -Beerta Faahiye Beertaa Reer Fariid Beertaa Reer Cabdi Beertaa Reer ==Beelaha La Dhashay Bahabar Aadan Ee Maxamed Case Gadabuursi == '''Bahabar Aadan _______''' *Dhalasho/Walaal Waxa Aadan (Bahabar Aadan) waxa la dhashay; '''• Shan Gabdhood ''' '''5''' iyo '''4''' Wiil '''(Beelood) oo ilma Maxamed Case''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: 1. Xuseen ('''Bahabar Celi''') 2. Muuse ('''Habar Muuse''') 3. Abokor ('''Bahabar Abokor''') 4. Aadan ('''Bahabr Aadan''') 5. iyo '''Shan Dumar ah''' _________________________ '''1. Bahabar Aadan''' ___ ● Aadan____________'''Maxamed Case''' '''2. BahabarCeli''' ___ ● Xuseen'''___________Maxamed Case''' '''3. Habar Muuse''' ___ ● Muuse___________'''Maxamed Case''' '''3. Bahabar Abokor''' ___ ● Abokor.___________'''Maxamed Case''' _________________________________________ ===BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN === *Beelaha Bahabar Aadan waa '''(10)''' oo kala ah '''(7)''' '''Beelood''' iyo '''(3)''' '''Haween''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: *1. '''Ba’yabare''' *'''2. Reer Cawl''' *'''3. Reer Xuseen''' *'''4. Reer Raagsaale''' *'''5. Bahabar Cabdule''' * *'''6. ______ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''7.''' '''________ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''8.''' '''Bah_______________oo dhashay''' *'''9'''. '''Bah__________________ oo dhashay''' *'''10'''. '''Bah___________________ oo dhashay''' ==Deegaanada Bahabar Aadan. == *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waxy '''degaan''' '''Geeska Afrika''' gaar ahaan wadamada; *1 '''Somaliland (Somali)''' *2. '''Itoobiya (Ethiopia)''' *3. '''Jabuuti (Djibouti).''' Dhulka ay Degaan waxa kamid ah ________________________________________ _______________ '''1. SOMALILAND :''' '''________ A. (Maroodijeex) :''' *A1. Hargaysa *A2. Gabiley *A2. Wajaale *A3. Xuushalay *A4. Kalabaydh *A5. Balayga Cas *A6. Isha-Gudban *A7. Laaca *A8. Ilmadado *A10. Galoolay *A11. Buss *A12. Mashruuca (Banka-Waasjaale) *A13. Ceel-Bardaal *A14. Buqdhada *A15. Seemaal *A16 Kaxda *A17 cadadhadheeray. === ____________B. Awdal === *B1. Boorama *B2. Saylac *B3. Ceel-sheekh *B4. Lughaya *B5. Baki *B6.Ruqi *B7. Lowyacado *B8. Qabri-Baxar *B9. Tuurka *B10. CaliXaydh *B11. CAMUUD *B12. Daraymacaane * * *____________'''C. (Saaxil)''' *A1.Bulaxaar *____________ '''2. Itoobiya''' *'''______ C. Kilinka Shanaa''' *Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. *C. Jigjiga *C1. Awbare *C2 . Wajaale *C3. Gobyaray *C4. Lafaciise *C5. Sheed-dheer *C6. Mulacl. * *'''Jabuuti''' *'''A. (Jabuuti)''' * *A2. Lowyacado *A3 Xaafada lixaad *A4 Xaafada Todobaad. *A5 Cali-sabiix ==Deegaan Juquraafi== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa deegaanadeedu ka kala kooban yihiin Ban-joog iyo Qorax Joog. Dhul xeebeed , Buuralay, Dhul Beereed, Dhul Ban oo kala ah Oogo iyo Nugaal. Bahabar Aadan waa dad xoolo dhaqato iyo Beeralay ah. ==Siyaasada Xukunka Dawladaha== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haya hogaanka siyaasada oo majaraha u haya ama ka saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. ==Dhaqaale== Waa dad xoolo dhaqato Beeralay ah sidookale nolashooda ka kaba ganacsiyo yaryar, xoogaa ganacsi waawayn iyo shaqaalenimo. ==Dadka caanka ah== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan *__________________________________________ * *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Rooble Dhimbiil (Xildhibaan Casoowe) Guddoomiye Gudoomiye Ku-xigeen Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Xasan Caafi *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Wasaaradda Cadaaladda *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''2'''. Prof. Cumar Cali Cabdillahi (Cumar Dheere) *Wasiirkii Wasaaraddaha *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''3'''. AHN Dr. Cabdirashiid Axmed Guuleed (Rashiid Sumal) *Agaasimihii Guud ee Wasaaraddaha *Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Somaliland *. *'''4'''. AHN Xaashi Cabdulaahi Orrax (Xaashi Afwayne) *Abwaan, Siyaasi, Halgamaagii xoriyada Jabuuti iyo La-taliyaha Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle * *'''5'''. Dr. Cabdullaahi Xasan Jamac (Cabdilahi Ruush) *Wariye BBC, *Gudoomiyihii Gudida Qorista Dastuurka Somalia *Madaxweyne Ku-xigenkii Jamacadda Hargaysa. *. *'''6'''. Dr. Abdirahman Jama Hadi *Aas-aasaha Jaamacadda Adal & cusbitaalka Adal Medical Hospital ahna Madaxwaynaha Jaamacadda Adal Medical University * *'''7'''. Korneel Xildhibaan *Cali Obsiiye Diiriye (Cali Gabiley) *✓ Xildhibaan Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland * *'''8'''. AHN Aamina Cabdillaahi Xirsi *Fanaanad hobaladii Waaberi *. *'''9'''. Abokor Xasan Caafi *Saxafi Ruug Cadaa ah *. *'''10'''. korneel Sh. Cismaan Axmed Jimcaale *Hogaamiye, Halgamaa, Sarkaal iyo Smafale *. *'''11'''.Faadumo *Xildhibaan Golaha Deegaanka Jabuuti *. *'''12'''. Maxamed Xuseen Hadi *✓ Xildhibaan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *. *'''13'''. Cabdillaahi Xuseen Nuur (Abdalla Boss)''' *Agaasimaha Hay’adda Socdaalka Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya. *. *'''14'''. Ganacsade Xasan Daahir *Ganacsadaha Soomaaliya oo dhan keena Bajaajta *. *'''15'''.Suldaan Muuse Axmed *Suldaanka Guud Ee Beelaha Gadabuursi Itoobiya *. *'''16'''. Suldaan Xuseen Nuur Xirsi *Suldaanka Beelaha Gadabuursi ee Soomaaliya Koonfurta *. *'''17'''. Xidigta Jarmalka Niciima C.Cabdilahi *TikToker Gabadha Soomaalida ugu Caansan TikTok iyo Social Media kuna caan ah Asturnaan dumar iyo Waddaniyad jacayl. *. *'''18'''. Korneel AHN Mustafe Xasan Caafi. *Sarkaal Ciidankii Soomaaliya markii Dambana Somaliland ugu dambayna ahaa Caaqil. *. *'''19'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) *Xoghayaha Fulinta Gobalka Gabiley [[Somaliland]] *. *'''20'''. Axmed Cismaan Higirje''' *Xoghayihii hore fulinta Gobalka Gabiley *. *'''21'''. Cumar Cabdi Xasan (Cumar Cagoole) *Xoghayihii Hore Dawladda Hoose Deg Gabiley *. *'''22'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) Xoghayaha Fulinta Gabiley [Gabiley] st8zz0hwg8de2j6kxtovpef4mwt2dnq 305698 305696 2026-08-24T01:56:15Z Abdishakur Gande 32580 /* */ Beelaha Bahabar Aadan Gadabuursi Gabiley Awdal Saylac Somaliland Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. 305698 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} '''__ BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR 🦁 AADAN'''__ ([[English]]_ 'Bahabar Adam Community'' ([[Arabic]]_. 'مجتمع بهابر آدان'' __________________________ '''BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN''' waa mid kamida '''Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan '''Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) . 💪''' Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn kuleh Soomalida sida; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan kamuuqda Hoganka Gobanimada & halganada Qadiyada Soomaaliyeed. '''____ BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN _____''' ''Bahabar Aadan Maxad Case GADABUURSI'' Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haysa hogaanka siyaasada ama majaraha u haya oo saamayn wayn ku leh kana muuqda Dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnaayeen hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (ADAL EMPIRE) & Boqortooyadii (IFAT). Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kule tallada siyaasada Dawladaha Geeska Afrika ee Dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa hogaanka Siyaasada ee badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ku matala kuraasta saami xileed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku leeyihiin Gabilay, Awdal, Salal (Saylac), Maroodijeex iyo Wadamada Somaliland, Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. {{Farac |Bahabar Aadan - Maxamed Case - GADABUURSI - Samaroon Gadabuursi | group = Beelaha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4=GOBOLADA. Gabiley - Awdal - Salal - Somaliland - Jabuuti - DDS-Itoobiya Kilinka Shanaad | langs = [[Somali]] [[Arabic]] [[Oromo]] [[Amharic]] [[English]] [[Franch]] [[Swahili]] [[African]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = QABIILKA - BEESHA . [[Bahabar Aadan]] [[Maxamed Case]] [[Samaroon Gadabuursi]] [[Dir ]] |Beelaha Bahabar Aadan - Maxad Case - Gadabuursi=Beelaha Bahabar Aadan}} HORDHAC '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay dagaan wadamada; [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Bulshada Bahabar Aadan Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] Iyo Hargaysa. Dhanka kale, waxay aad ugu fidsan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan *'''Bahabr Aadan''' * AADAN * Maxamed. • '''Maxad Case''' * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon * '''Samaroon Saciid''' * Siciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *'''Gadabuursi''' * Madaluug *'''Dir''' * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaan wadamada 1. '''Somaliland,''' '''2. Jabuuti iyo''' '''3. Itoobiya Dawlad Deegaanka Soomalida Itoobiya.''' Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; '''Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga).''' ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Faahfaahin== *DIIN *Muslim 100% — Dad Muslim ah *DEEGAAN *Somaliland *DDS-Itoobiya *Jabuuti ==Beeraha Badhtanka Boorama ilaa Gabilay 👑 Bahabar Aadan == *1. Beerta ilma Caynaan *2. Beerta ilma Jaamac Hadi *3. Beerta ilma Caqli Hadi *4. Beerta ilma Cimi Gaab *5. Beerta ilma Axmed Sumal *6. Beerta ilma Abokor Muuse *7. Beerta ilma Kaamil *8. Beerta ilma Jaamac Dheere *9. Beerta ilma Muxumed Axmed *10. Beerta ilma Daahir Mixile *11. Beerta ilma Aw Xasan 12. Beerta Ilma Qoordheere Riiraash *13. Beerta ilma Daahir Cilmi *14. Beerta ilma Xalwo Hadi *15. Beerta ilma cabdilaahi Hadi *16. Beerta ilma Xuseen Hadi *17. Beerta ilma Faarax Hadi *18. Beerta ilma Xadi Hadi *19. Beerta ilma Madina Caqli *20. Beerta ilma ... *21. Beerta ilma ... *22. Beerta ilma ... *23. Beerta ilma ... *24. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *25. Beerta ilma ... *26. Beerta ilma ... *27. Beerta ilma ... *28. Beerta ilma ... *29. Beerta ilma ... *30. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *31. Way jiraan beero kale ee kusii dar. * * * *Kasoo bilow wadada halbawlaha borama daanta Jarka waxay ka bilaabantaa '''beerihii Jaamac hadi''' alle ha u naxariste . *Garbaxato waxa ka bilaabanta waa beertaydii ilaa goolada '''Jaamac Hadi (Bahabar aadan )''' ilaa inta '''Xalaal Maal waa beertii Ree Hadi''' cidaan garanayn loo sheegi maayee. *Daanta xanaanada waa '''Beertii Xalwo Hadi''' Ilaa tuur uraysa halkaa jeelka bariga kasoo gaadh '''xalwo hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Usoo dhaadhac xaafad kuwayd yaad ku taqaan waa beertii '''Aqli Hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Waxa ku xiga '''Aw Faarax Caynaan (Bahabar Aadan)''' Waxa ku xiga '''Jaamac Buuxx( Bahabar Aadan)''' *Waxa kusii xigay aw '''Hassan tunbuur(bahabar aadan )'''oo Halka xadrada ah *Kor uga noqo '''sariibada yar ee saaweer Oogo''' '''uga bax waa beerihii cilmi obsiiyeh cilmi gaab ( bahabar aadan)''' *waxa ku xigta ilma '''axmad sumal (Bahabar aadan)''' Halkaa waqooyi uga noqo daantii stationka bariga waqooyi uga noqo *waxa ku xigta '''muuse muhumed xaaji aadan (bahabar aadan )''' Ka soco waxa ku xigta beertii '''Daahir Mixile (bahabar aadan)''' *Saybeeriya ilaa Fardihii halkaa kaga dhac waa '''faarax''' '''Aqli Hadi [ Faarax Dheere ] (Bahabar Aadan)''' *Hoos u dhaaf waa beertii '''Yuusuf Riiraash Qoor Dheere''' oo waxay ku Soo wareegaysaa '''ilaa kaydkii biyaha''' '''Boorama''' *Dhankaa uga noqo Madaxtooyada Beerta Shimbiraale yaqaano waa beertii '''Ardo Hadi Alamagan (bahabar aadan)''' *'''Dhamuug''' uga dhaadhac '''''Ceelka Biyaha ee magalada Boorama ka cabto waa beertii Ilma Daahir Cilmi Nuur (Bahabar Aadan)''''' *'''Camuud u dhaaf waxa isku xiga beertii daahir mixile ( bahabar aadan)''' *'''Hussein Hadi (bahabar aadan)''' '''Daahir Cilmi (bahabar aadan)''' *Gabilay ilaa Baki ilaa Calixaydh ilaa Gabilay inta udhaxasaa Waa Beero BAHABAR AADAN MAXAMED CASE GADABUURSI 💪 . . '''<u>BEERAHA BADHTANKA GABILAY</u>''' - Beerta Cismaan Higirje -Beerta Faahiye Beertaa Reer Fariid Beertaa Reer Cabdi Beertaa Reer ==Beelaha La Dhashay Bahabar Aadan Ee Maxamed Case Gadabuursi == '''Bahabar Aadan _______''' *Dhalasho/Walaal Waxa Aadan (Bahabar Aadan) waxa la dhashay; '''• Shan Gabdhood ''' '''5''' iyo '''4''' Wiil '''(Beelood) oo ilma Maxamed Case''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: 1. Xuseen ('''Bahabar Celi''') 2. Muuse ('''Habar Muuse''') 3. Abokor ('''Bahabar Abokor''') 4. Aadan ('''Bahabr Aadan''') 5. iyo '''Shan Dumar ah''' _________________________ '''1. Bahabar Aadan''' ___ ● Aadan____________'''Maxamed Case''' '''2. BahabarCeli''' ___ ● Xuseen'''___________Maxamed Case''' '''3. Habar Muuse''' ___ ● Muuse___________'''Maxamed Case''' '''3. Bahabar Abokor''' ___ ● Abokor.___________'''Maxamed Case''' _________________________________________ ===BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN === *Beelaha Bahabar Aadan waa '''(10)''' oo kala ah '''(7)''' '''Beelood''' iyo '''(3)''' '''Haween''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: *1. '''Ba’yabare''' *'''2. Reer Cawl''' *'''3. Reer Xuseen''' *'''4. Reer Raagsaale''' *'''5. Bahabar Cabdule''' * *'''6. ______ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''7.''' '''________ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''8.''' '''Bah_______________oo dhashay''' *'''9'''. '''Bah__________________ oo dhashay''' *'''10'''. '''Bah___________________ oo dhashay''' ==Deegaanada Bahabar Aadan. == *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waxy '''degaan''' '''Geeska Afrika''' gaar ahaan wadamada; *1 '''Somaliland (Somali)''' *2. '''Itoobiya (Ethiopia)''' *3. '''Jabuuti (Djibouti).''' Dhulka ay Degaan waxa kamid ah ________________________________________ _______________ '''1. SOMALILAND :''' '''________ A. (Maroodijeex) :''' *A1. Hargaysa *A2. Gabiley *A2. Wajaale *A3. Xuushalay *A4. Kalabaydh *A5. Balayga Cas *A6. Isha-Gudban *A7. Laaca *A8. Ilmadado *A10. Galoolay *A11. Buss *A12. Mashruuca (Banka-Waasjaale) *A13. Ceel-Bardaal *A14. Buqdhada *A15. Seemaal *A16 Kaxda *A17 cadadhadheeray. === ____________B. Awdal === *B1. Boorama *B2. Saylac *B3. Ceel-sheekh *B4. Lughaya *B5. Baki *B6.Ruqi *B7. Lowyacado *B8. Qabri-Baxar *B9. Tuurka *B10. CaliXaydh *B11. CAMUUD *B12. Daraymacaane * * *____________'''C. (Saaxil)''' *A1.Bulaxaar *____________ '''2. Itoobiya''' *'''______ C. Kilinka Shanaa''' *Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. *C. Jigjiga *C1. Awbare *C2 . Wajaale *C3. Gobyaray *C4. Lafaciise *C5. Sheed-dheer *C6. Mulacl. * *'''Jabuuti''' *'''A. (Jabuuti)''' * *A2. Lowyacado *A3 Xaafada lixaad *A4 Xaafada Todobaad. *A5 Cali-sabiix ==Deegaan Juquraafi== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa deegaanadeedu ka kala kooban yihiin Ban-joog iyo Qorax Joog. Dhul xeebeed , Buuralay, Dhul Beereed, Dhul Ban oo kala ah Oogo iyo Nugaal. Bahabar Aadan waa dad xoolo dhaqato iyo Beeralay ah. ==Siyaasada Xukunka Dawladaha== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haya hogaanka siyaasada oo majaraha u haya ama ka saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. ==Dhaqaale== Waa dad xoolo dhaqato Beeralay ah sidookale nolashooda ka kaba ganacsiyo yaryar, xoogaa ganacsi waawayn iyo shaqaalenimo. ==Dadka caanka ah== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan *__________________________________________ * *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Rooble Dhimbiil (Xildhibaan Casoowe) Guddoomiye Gudoomiye Ku-xigeen Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Xasan Caafi *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Wasaaradda Cadaaladda *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''2'''. Prof. Cumar Cali Cabdillahi (Cumar Dheere) *Wasiirkii Wasaaraddaha *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''3'''. AHN Dr. Cabdirashiid Axmed Guuleed (Rashiid Sumal) *Agaasimihii Guud ee Wasaaraddaha *Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Somaliland *. *'''4'''. AHN Xaashi Cabdulaahi Orrax (Xaashi Afwayne) *Abwaan, Siyaasi, Halgamaagii xoriyada Jabuuti iyo La-taliyaha Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle * *'''5'''. Dr. Cabdullaahi Xasan Jamac (Cabdilahi Ruush) *Wariye BBC, *Gudoomiyihii Gudida Qorista Dastuurka Somalia *Madaxweyne Ku-xigenkii Jamacadda Hargaysa. *. *'''6'''. Dr. Abdirahman Jama Hadi *Aas-aasaha Jaamacadda Adal & cusbitaalka Adal Medical Hospital ahna Madaxwaynaha Jaamacadda Adal Medical University * *'''7'''. Korneel Xildhibaan *Cali Obsiiye Diiriye (Cali Gabiley) *✓ Xildhibaan Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland * *'''8'''. AHN Aamina Cabdillaahi Xirsi *Fanaanad hobaladii Waaberi *. *'''9'''. Abokor Xasan Caafi *Saxafi Ruug Cadaa ah *. *'''10'''. korneel Sh. Cismaan Axmed Jimcaale *Hogaamiye, Halgamaa, Sarkaal iyo Smafale *. *'''11'''.Faadumo *Xildhibaan Golaha Deegaanka Jabuuti *. *'''12'''. Maxamed Xuseen Hadi *✓ Xildhibaan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *. *'''13'''. Cabdillaahi Xuseen Nuur (Abdalla Boss)''' *Agaasimaha Hay’adda Socdaalka Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya. *. *'''14'''. Ganacsade Xasan Daahir *Ganacsadaha Soomaaliya oo dhan keena Bajaajta *. *'''15'''.Suldaan Muuse Axmed *Suldaanka Guud Ee Beelaha Gadabuursi Itoobiya *. *'''16'''. Suldaan Xuseen Nuur Xirsi *Suldaanka Beelaha Gadabuursi ee Soomaaliya Koonfurta *. *'''17'''. Xidigta Jarmalka Niciima C.Cabdilahi *TikToker Gabadha Soomaalida ugu Caansan TikTok iyo Social Media kuna caan ah Asturnaan dumar iyo Waddaniyad jacayl. *. *'''18'''. Korneel AHN Mustafe Xasan Caafi. *Sarkaal Ciidankii Soomaaliya markii Dambana Somaliland ugu dambayna ahaa Caaqil. *. *'''19'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) *Xoghayaha Fulinta Gobalka Gabiley [[Somaliland]] *. *'''20'''. Axmed Cismaan Higirje''' *Xoghayihii hore fulinta Gobalka Gabiley *. *'''21'''. Cumar Cabdi Xasan (Cumar Cagoole) *Xoghayihii Hore Dawladda Hoose Deg Gabiley *. *'''22'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) Xoghayaha Fulinta Gabiley [Gabiley] gzl3bqjal8nvwewohaqe12clkl3x1xg 305699 305698 2026-08-24T01:56:39Z Abdishakur Gande 32580 /* */ Beelaha Bahabar Aadan Gadabuursi Gabiley Awdal Saylac Somaliland Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. 305699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} '''__ BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR 🦁 AADAN'''__ ([[English]]_ 'Bahabar Adam Community'' ([[Arabic]]_. 'مجتمع بهابر آدان'' __________________________ '''BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN''' waa mid kamida '''Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan '''Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) . 💪''' Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn kuleh Soomalida sida; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan kamuuqda Hoganka Gobanimada & halganada Qadiyada Soomaaliyeed. '''____ BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN _____''' ''Bahabar Aadan Maxad Case GADABUURSI'' Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haysa hogaanka siyaasada ama majaraha u haya oo saamayn wayn ku leh kana muuqda Dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnaayeen hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (ADAL EMPIRE) & Boqortooyadii (IFAT). Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kule tallada siyaasada Dawladaha Geeska Afrika ee Dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa hogaanka Siyaasada ee badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ku matala kuraasta saami xileed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku leeyihiin Gabilay, Awdal, Salal (Saylac), Maroodijeex iyo Wadamada Somaliland, Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. {{Farac |Bahabar Aadan - Maxamed Case - GADABUURSI - Samaroon Gadabuursi | group = Beelaha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4=GOBOLADA. Gabiley - Awdal - Salal - Somaliland - Jabuuti - DDS-Itoobiya Kilinka Shanaad | langs = [[Somali]] [[Arabic]] [[Oromo]] [[Amharic]] [[English]] [[Franch]] [[Swahili]] [[African]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = QABIILKA - BEESHA . [[Bahabar Aadan]] [[Maxamed Case]] [[Samaroon Gadabuursi]] [[Dir ]] |Beelaha Bahabar Aadan - Maxad Case - Gadabuursi=Beelaha Bahabar Aadan}} HORDHAC '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay dagaan wadamada; [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Bulshada Bahabar Aadan Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] Iyo Hargaysa. Dhanka kale, waxay aad ugu fidsan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan *'''Bahabr Aadan''' * AADAN * Maxamed. • '''Maxad Case''' * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon * '''Samaroon Saciid''' * Siciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *'''Gadabuursi''' * Madaluug *'''Dir''' * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaan wadamada 1. '''Somaliland,''' '''2. Jabuuti iyo''' '''3. Itoobiya Dawlad Deegaanka Soomalida Itoobiya.''' Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; '''Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga).''' ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Faahfaahin== *DIIN *Muslim 100% — Dad Muslim ah *DEEGAAN *Somaliland *DDS-Itoobiya *Jabuuti ==Beeraha Badhtanka Boorama ilaa Gabilay 👑 Bahabar Aadan == *1. Beerta ilma Caynaan *2. Beerta ilma Jaamac Hadi *3. Beerta ilma Caqli Hadi *4. Beerta ilma Cimi Gaab *5. Beerta ilma Axmed Sumal *6. Beerta ilma Abokor Muuse *7. Beerta ilma Kaamil *8. Beerta ilma Jaamac Dheere *9. Beerta ilma Muxumed Axmed *10. Beerta ilma Daahir Mixile *11. Beerta ilma Aw Xasan 12. Beerta Ilma Qoordheere Riiraash *13. Beerta ilma Daahir Cilmi *14. Beerta ilma Xalwo Hadi *15. Beerta ilma cabdilaahi Hadi *16. Beerta ilma Xuseen Hadi *17. Beerta ilma Faarax Hadi *18. Beerta ilma Xadi Hadi *19. Beerta ilma Madina Caqli *20. Beerta ilma ... *21. Beerta ilma ... *22. Beerta ilma ... *23. Beerta ilma ... *24. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *25. Beerta ilma ... *26. Beerta ilma ... *27. Beerta ilma ... *28. Beerta ilma ... *29. Beerta ilma ... *30. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *31. Way jiraan beero kale ee kusii dar. * * * *Kasoo bilow wadada halbawlaha borama daanta Jarka waxay ka bilaabantaa '''beerihii Jaamac hadi''' alle ha u naxariste . *Garbaxato waxa ka bilaabanta waa beertaydii ilaa goolada '''Jaamac Hadi (Bahabar aadan )''' ilaa inta '''Xalaal Maal waa beertii Ree Hadi''' cidaan garanayn loo sheegi maayee. *Daanta xanaanada waa '''Beertii Xalwo Hadi''' Ilaa tuur uraysa halkaa jeelka bariga kasoo gaadh '''xalwo hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Usoo dhaadhac xaafad kuwayd yaad ku taqaan waa beertii '''Aqli Hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Waxa ku xiga '''Aw Faarax Caynaan (Bahabar Aadan)''' Waxa ku xiga '''Jaamac Buuxx( Bahabar Aadan)''' *Waxa kusii xigay aw '''Hassan tunbuur(bahabar aadan )'''oo Halka xadrada ah *Kor uga noqo '''sariibada yar ee saaweer Oogo''' '''uga bax waa beerihii cilmi obsiiyeh cilmi gaab ( bahabar aadan)''' *waxa ku xigta ilma '''axmad sumal (Bahabar aadan)''' Halkaa waqooyi uga noqo daantii stationka bariga waqooyi uga noqo *waxa ku xigta '''muuse muhumed xaaji aadan (bahabar aadan )''' Ka soco waxa ku xigta beertii '''Daahir Mixile (bahabar aadan)''' *Saybeeriya ilaa Fardihii halkaa kaga dhac waa '''faarax''' '''Aqli Hadi [ Faarax Dheere ] (Bahabar Aadan)''' *Hoos u dhaaf waa beertii '''Yuusuf Riiraash Qoor Dheere''' oo waxay ku Soo wareegaysaa '''ilaa kaydkii biyaha''' '''Boorama''' *Dhankaa uga noqo Madaxtooyada Beerta Shimbiraale yaqaano waa beertii '''Ardo Hadi Alamagan (bahabar aadan)''' *'''Dhamuug''' uga dhaadhac '''''Ceelka Biyaha ee magalada Boorama ka cabto waa beertii Ilma Daahir Cilmi Nuur (Bahabar Aadan)''''' *'''Camuud u dhaaf waxa isku xiga beertii daahir mixile ( bahabar aadan)''' *'''Hussein Hadi (bahabar aadan)''' '''Daahir Cilmi (bahabar aadan)''' *Gabilay ilaa Baki ilaa Calixaydh ilaa Gabilay inta udhaxasaa Waa Beero BAHABAR AADAN MAXAMED CASE GADABUURSI 💪 . . '''<u>BEERAHA BADHTANKA GABILAY</u>''' - Beerta Cismaan Higirje -Beerta Faahiye Beertaa Reer Fariid Beertaa Reer Cabdi Beertaa Reer ==Beelaha La Dhashay Bahabar Aadan Ee Maxamed Case Gadabuursi == '''Bahabar Aadan _______''' *Dhalasho/Walaal Waxa Aadan (Bahabar Aadan) waxa la dhashay; '''• Shan Gabdhood ''' '''5''' iyo '''4''' Wiil '''(Beelood) oo ilma Maxamed Case''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: 1. Xuseen ('''Bahabar Celi''') 2. Muuse ('''Habar Muuse''') 3. Abokor ('''Bahabar Abokor''') 4. Aadan ('''Bahabr Aadan''') 5. iyo '''Shan Dumar ah''' _________________________ '''1. Bahabar Aadan''' ___ ● Aadan____________'''Maxamed Case''' '''2. BahabarCeli''' ___ ● Xuseen'''___________Maxamed Case''' '''3. Habar Muuse''' ___ ● Muuse___________'''Maxamed Case''' '''3. Bahabar Abokor''' ___ ● Abokor.___________'''Maxamed Case''' _________________________________________ ===BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN === *Beelaha Bahabar Aadan waa '''(10)''' oo kala ah '''(7)''' '''Beelood''' iyo '''(3)''' '''Haween''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: *1. '''Ba’yabare''' *'''2. Reer Cawl''' *'''3. Reer Xuseen''' *'''4. Reer Raagsaale''' *'''5. Bahabar Cabdule''' * *'''6. ______ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''7.''' '''________ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''8.''' '''Bah_______________oo dhashay''' *'''9'''. '''Bah__________________ oo dhashay''' *'''10'''. '''Bah___________________ oo dhashay''' ==Deegaanada Bahabar Aadan. == *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waxy '''degaan''' '''Geeska Afrika''' gaar ahaan wadamada; *1 '''Somaliland (Somali)''' *2. '''Itoobiya (Ethiopia)''' *3. '''Jabuuti (Djibouti).''' Dhulka ay Degaan waxa kamid ah ________________________________________ _______________ '''1. SOMALILAND :''' '''________ A. (Maroodijeex) :''' *A1. Hargaysa *A2. Gabiley *A2. Wajaale *A3. Xuushalay *A4. Kalabaydh *A5. Balayga Cas *A6. Isha-Gudban *A7. Laaca *A8. Ilmadado *A10. Galoolay *A11. Buss *A12. Mashruuca (Banka-Waasjaale) *A13. Ceel-Bardaal *A14. Buqdhada *A15. Seemaal *A16 Kaxda *A17 cadadhadheeray. === ____________B. Awdal === *B1. Boorama *B2. Saylac *B3. Ceel-sheekh *B4. Lughaya *B5. Baki *B6.Ruqi *B7. Lowyacado *B8. Qabri-Baxar *B9. Tuurka *B10. CaliXaydh *B11. CAMUUD *B12. Daraymacaane * * *____________'''C. (Saaxil)''' *A1.Bulaxaar *____________ '''2. Itoobiya''' *'''______ C. Kilinka Shanaa''' *Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. *C. Jigjiga *C1. Awbare *C2 . Wajaale *C3. Gobyaray *C4. Lafaciise *C5. Sheed-dheer *C6. Mulacl. * *'''Jabuuti''' *'''A. (Jabuuti)''' * *A2. Lowyacado *A3 Xaafada lixaad *A4 Xaafada Todobaad. *A5 Cali-sabiix ==Deegaan Juquraafi== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa deegaanadeedu ka kala kooban yihiin Ban-joog iyo Qorax Joog. Dhul xeebeed , Buuralay, Dhul Beereed, Dhul Ban oo kala ah Oogo iyo Nugaal. Bahabar Aadan waa dad xoolo dhaqato iyo Beeralay ah. ==Siyaasada Xukunka Dawladaha== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haya hogaanka siyaasada oo majaraha u haya ama ka saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. ==Dhaqaale== Waa dad xoolo dhaqato Beeralay ah sidookale nolashooda ka kaba ganacsiyo yaryar, xoogaa ganacsi waawayn iyo shaqaalenimo. ==Dadka caanka ah== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan *__________________________________________ * *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Rooble Dhimbiil (Xildhibaan Casoowe) Guddoomiye Gudoomiye Ku-xigeen Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Xasan Caafi *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Wasaaradda Cadaaladda *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''2'''. Prof. Cumar Cali Cabdillahi (Cumar Dheere) *Wasiirkii Wasaaraddaha *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''3'''. AHN Dr. Cabdirashiid Axmed Guuleed (Rashiid Sumal) *Agaasimihii Guud ee Wasaaraddaha *Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Somaliland *. *'''4'''. AHN Xaashi Cabdulaahi Orrax (Xaashi Afwayne) *Abwaan, Siyaasi, Halgamaagii xoriyada Jabuuti iyo La-taliyaha Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle * *'''5'''. Dr. Cabdullaahi Xasan Jamac (Cabdilahi Ruush) *Wariye BBC, *Gudoomiyihii Gudida Qorista Dastuurka Somalia *Madaxweyne Ku-xigenkii Jamacadda Hargaysa. *. *'''6'''. Dr. Abdirahman Jama Hadi *Aas-aasaha Jaamacadda Adal & cusbitaalka Adal Medical Hospital ahna Madaxwaynaha Jaamacadda Adal Medical University * *'''7'''. Korneel Xildhibaan *Cali Obsiiye Diiriye (Cali Gabiley) *✓ Xildhibaan Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland * *'''8'''. AHN Aamina Cabdillaahi Xirsi *Fanaanad hobaladii Waaberi *. *'''9'''. Abokor Xasan Caafi *Saxafi Ruug Cadaa ah *. *'''10'''. korneel Sh. Cismaan Axmed Jimcaale *Hogaamiye, Halgamaa, Sarkaal iyo Smafale *. *'''11'''.Faadumo *Xildhibaan Golaha Deegaanka Jabuuti *. *'''12'''. Maxamed Xuseen Hadi *✓ Xildhibaan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *. *'''13'''. Cabdillaahi Xuseen Nuur (Abdalla Boss)''' *Agaasimaha Hay’adda Socdaalka Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya. *. *'''14'''. Ganacsade Xasan Daahir *Ganacsadaha Soomaaliya oo dhan keena Bajaajta *. *'''15'''.Suldaan Muuse Axmed *Suldaanka Guud Ee Beelaha Gadabuursi Itoobiya *. *'''16'''. Suldaan Xuseen Nuur Xirsi *Suldaanka Beelaha Gadabuursi ee Soomaaliya Koonfurta *. *'''17'''. Xidigta Jarmalka Niciima C.Cabdilahi *TikToker Gabadha Soomaalida ugu Caansan TikTok iyo Social Media kuna caan ah Asturnaan dumar iyo Waddaniyad jacayl. *. *'''18'''. Korneel AHN Mustafe Xasan Caafi. *Sarkaal Ciidankii Soomaaliya markii Dambana Somaliland ugu dambayna ahaa Caaqil. *. *'''19'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) *Xoghayaha Fulinta Gobalka Gabiley [[Somaliland]] *. *'''20'''. Axmed Cismaan Higirje''' *Xoghayihii hore fulinta Gobalka Gabiley *. *'''21'''. Cumar Cabdi Xasan (Cumar Cagoole) *Xoghayihii Hore Dawladda Hoose Deg Gabiley *. *'''22'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) Xoghayaha Fulinta Gabiley [Gabiley] n9y8q94vhy8ju5p40ts9un1zxzabrtm 305700 305699 2026-08-24T01:57:55Z Abdishakur Gande 32580 /* */ Beelaha Bahabar Aadan Gadabuursi Gabiley Awdal Saylac Somaliland Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. 305700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} ''__ BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR 🦁 AADAN''__ ([[English]]) 'Bahabar Adam Community' ([[Arabic]]) 'مجتمع بهابر آدان'' __________________________ '''BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN''' waa mid kamida '''Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan '''Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) . 💪''' Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn kuleh Soomalida sida; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan kamuuqda Hoganka Gobanimada & halganada Qadiyada Soomaaliyeed. '''____ BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN _____''' ''Bahabar Aadan Maxad Case GADABUURSI'' Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haysa hogaanka siyaasada ama majaraha u haya oo saamayn wayn ku leh kana muuqda Dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnaayeen hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (ADAL EMPIRE) & Boqortooyadii (IFAT). Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kule tallada siyaasada Dawladaha Geeska Afrika ee Dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa hogaanka Siyaasada ee badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ku matala kuraasta saami xileed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku leeyihiin Gabilay, Awdal, Salal (Saylac), Maroodijeex iyo Wadamada Somaliland, Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. {{Farac |Bahabar Aadan - Maxamed Case - GADABUURSI - Samaroon Gadabuursi | group = Beelaha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4=GOBOLADA. Gabiley - Awdal - Salal - Somaliland - Jabuuti - DDS-Itoobiya Kilinka Shanaad | langs = [[Somali]] [[Arabic]] [[Oromo]] [[Amharic]] [[English]] [[Franch]] [[Swahili]] [[African]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = QABIILKA - BEESHA . [[Bahabar Aadan]] [[Maxamed Case]] [[Samaroon Gadabuursi]] [[Dir ]] |Beelaha Bahabar Aadan - Maxad Case - Gadabuursi=Beelaha Bahabar Aadan}} HORDHAC '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay dagaan wadamada; [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Bulshada Bahabar Aadan Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] Iyo Hargaysa. Dhanka kale, waxay aad ugu fidsan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan *'''Bahabr Aadan''' * AADAN * Maxamed. • '''Maxad Case''' * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon * '''Samaroon Saciid''' * Siciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *'''Gadabuursi''' * Madaluug *'''Dir''' * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaan wadamada 1. '''Somaliland,''' '''2. Jabuuti iyo''' '''3. Itoobiya Dawlad Deegaanka Soomalida Itoobiya.''' Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; '''Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga).''' ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Faahfaahin== *DIIN *Muslim 100% — Dad Muslim ah *DEEGAAN *Somaliland *DDS-Itoobiya *Jabuuti ==Beeraha Badhtanka Boorama ilaa Gabilay 👑 Bahabar Aadan == *1. Beerta ilma Caynaan *2. Beerta ilma Jaamac Hadi *3. Beerta ilma Caqli Hadi *4. Beerta ilma Cimi Gaab *5. Beerta ilma Axmed Sumal *6. Beerta ilma Abokor Muuse *7. Beerta ilma Kaamil *8. Beerta ilma Jaamac Dheere *9. Beerta ilma Muxumed Axmed *10. Beerta ilma Daahir Mixile *11. Beerta ilma Aw Xasan 12. Beerta Ilma Qoordheere Riiraash *13. Beerta ilma Daahir Cilmi *14. Beerta ilma Xalwo Hadi *15. Beerta ilma cabdilaahi Hadi *16. Beerta ilma Xuseen Hadi *17. Beerta ilma Faarax Hadi *18. Beerta ilma Xadi Hadi *19. Beerta ilma Madina Caqli *20. Beerta ilma ... *21. Beerta ilma ... *22. Beerta ilma ... *23. Beerta ilma ... *24. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *25. Beerta ilma ... *26. Beerta ilma ... *27. Beerta ilma ... *28. Beerta ilma ... *29. Beerta ilma ... *30. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *31. Way jiraan beero kale ee kusii dar. * * * *Kasoo bilow wadada halbawlaha borama daanta Jarka waxay ka bilaabantaa '''beerihii Jaamac hadi''' alle ha u naxariste . *Garbaxato waxa ka bilaabanta waa beertaydii ilaa goolada '''Jaamac Hadi (Bahabar aadan )''' ilaa inta '''Xalaal Maal waa beertii Ree Hadi''' cidaan garanayn loo sheegi maayee. *Daanta xanaanada waa '''Beertii Xalwo Hadi''' Ilaa tuur uraysa halkaa jeelka bariga kasoo gaadh '''xalwo hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Usoo dhaadhac xaafad kuwayd yaad ku taqaan waa beertii '''Aqli Hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Waxa ku xiga '''Aw Faarax Caynaan (Bahabar Aadan)''' Waxa ku xiga '''Jaamac Buuxx( Bahabar Aadan)''' *Waxa kusii xigay aw '''Hassan tunbuur(bahabar aadan )'''oo Halka xadrada ah *Kor uga noqo '''sariibada yar ee saaweer Oogo''' '''uga bax waa beerihii cilmi obsiiyeh cilmi gaab ( bahabar aadan)''' *waxa ku xigta ilma '''axmad sumal (Bahabar aadan)''' Halkaa waqooyi uga noqo daantii stationka bariga waqooyi uga noqo *waxa ku xigta '''muuse muhumed xaaji aadan (bahabar aadan )''' Ka soco waxa ku xigta beertii '''Daahir Mixile (bahabar aadan)''' *Saybeeriya ilaa Fardihii halkaa kaga dhac waa '''faarax''' '''Aqli Hadi [ Faarax Dheere ] (Bahabar Aadan)''' *Hoos u dhaaf waa beertii '''Yuusuf Riiraash Qoor Dheere''' oo waxay ku Soo wareegaysaa '''ilaa kaydkii biyaha''' '''Boorama''' *Dhankaa uga noqo Madaxtooyada Beerta Shimbiraale yaqaano waa beertii '''Ardo Hadi Alamagan (bahabar aadan)''' *'''Dhamuug''' uga dhaadhac '''''Ceelka Biyaha ee magalada Boorama ka cabto waa beertii Ilma Daahir Cilmi Nuur (Bahabar Aadan)''''' *'''Camuud u dhaaf waxa isku xiga beertii daahir mixile ( bahabar aadan)''' *'''Hussein Hadi (bahabar aadan)''' '''Daahir Cilmi (bahabar aadan)''' *Gabilay ilaa Baki ilaa Calixaydh ilaa Gabilay inta udhaxasaa Waa Beero BAHABAR AADAN MAXAMED CASE GADABUURSI 💪 . . '''<u>BEERAHA BADHTANKA GABILAY</u>''' - Beerta Cismaan Higirje -Beerta Faahiye Beertaa Reer Fariid Beertaa Reer Cabdi Beertaa Reer ==Beelaha La Dhashay Bahabar Aadan Ee Maxamed Case Gadabuursi == '''Bahabar Aadan _______''' *Dhalasho/Walaal Waxa Aadan (Bahabar Aadan) waxa la dhashay; '''• Shan Gabdhood ''' '''5''' iyo '''4''' Wiil '''(Beelood) oo ilma Maxamed Case''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: 1. Xuseen ('''Bahabar Celi''') 2. Muuse ('''Habar Muuse''') 3. Abokor ('''Bahabar Abokor''') 4. Aadan ('''Bahabr Aadan''') 5. iyo '''Shan Dumar ah''' _________________________ '''1. Bahabar Aadan''' ___ ● Aadan____________'''Maxamed Case''' '''2. BahabarCeli''' ___ ● Xuseen'''___________Maxamed Case''' '''3. Habar Muuse''' ___ ● Muuse___________'''Maxamed Case''' '''3. Bahabar Abokor''' ___ ● Abokor.___________'''Maxamed Case''' _________________________________________ ===BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN === *Beelaha Bahabar Aadan waa '''(10)''' oo kala ah '''(7)''' '''Beelood''' iyo '''(3)''' '''Haween''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: *1. '''Ba’yabare''' *'''2. Reer Cawl''' *'''3. Reer Xuseen''' *'''4. Reer Raagsaale''' *'''5. Bahabar Cabdule''' * *'''6. ______ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''7.''' '''________ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''8.''' '''Bah_______________oo dhashay''' *'''9'''. '''Bah__________________ oo dhashay''' *'''10'''. '''Bah___________________ oo dhashay''' ==Deegaanada Bahabar Aadan. == *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waxy '''degaan''' '''Geeska Afrika''' gaar ahaan wadamada; *1 '''Somaliland (Somali)''' *2. '''Itoobiya (Ethiopia)''' *3. '''Jabuuti (Djibouti).''' Dhulka ay Degaan waxa kamid ah ________________________________________ _______________ '''1. SOMALILAND :''' '''________ A. (Maroodijeex) :''' *A1. Hargaysa *A2. Gabiley *A2. Wajaale *A3. Xuushalay *A4. Kalabaydh *A5. Balayga Cas *A6. Isha-Gudban *A7. Laaca *A8. Ilmadado *A10. Galoolay *A11. Buss *A12. Mashruuca (Banka-Waasjaale) *A13. Ceel-Bardaal *A14. Buqdhada *A15. Seemaal *A16 Kaxda *A17 cadadhadheeray. === ____________B. Awdal === *B1. Boorama *B2. Saylac *B3. Ceel-sheekh *B4. Lughaya *B5. Baki *B6.Ruqi *B7. Lowyacado *B8. Qabri-Baxar *B9. Tuurka *B10. CaliXaydh *B11. CAMUUD *B12. Daraymacaane * * *____________'''C. (Saaxil)''' *A1.Bulaxaar *____________ '''2. Itoobiya''' *'''______ C. Kilinka Shanaa''' *Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. *C. Jigjiga *C1. Awbare *C2 . Wajaale *C3. Gobyaray *C4. Lafaciise *C5. Sheed-dheer *C6. Mulacl. * *'''Jabuuti''' *'''A. (Jabuuti)''' * *A2. Lowyacado *A3 Xaafada lixaad *A4 Xaafada Todobaad. *A5 Cali-sabiix ==Deegaan Juquraafi== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa deegaanadeedu ka kala kooban yihiin Ban-joog iyo Qorax Joog. Dhul xeebeed , Buuralay, Dhul Beereed, Dhul Ban oo kala ah Oogo iyo Nugaal. Bahabar Aadan waa dad xoolo dhaqato iyo Beeralay ah. ==Siyaasada Xukunka Dawladaha== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haya hogaanka siyaasada oo majaraha u haya ama ka saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. ==Dhaqaale== Waa dad xoolo dhaqato Beeralay ah sidookale nolashooda ka kaba ganacsiyo yaryar, xoogaa ganacsi waawayn iyo shaqaalenimo. ==Dadka caanka ah== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan *__________________________________________ * *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Rooble Dhimbiil (Xildhibaan Casoowe) Guddoomiye Gudoomiye Ku-xigeen Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Xasan Caafi *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Wasaaradda Cadaaladda *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''2'''. Prof. Cumar Cali Cabdillahi (Cumar Dheere) *Wasiirkii Wasaaraddaha *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''3'''. AHN Dr. Cabdirashiid Axmed Guuleed (Rashiid Sumal) *Agaasimihii Guud ee Wasaaraddaha *Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Somaliland *. *'''4'''. AHN Xaashi Cabdulaahi Orrax (Xaashi Afwayne) *Abwaan, Siyaasi, Halgamaagii xoriyada Jabuuti iyo La-taliyaha Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle * *'''5'''. Dr. Cabdullaahi Xasan Jamac (Cabdilahi Ruush) *Wariye BBC, *Gudoomiyihii Gudida Qorista Dastuurka Somalia *Madaxweyne Ku-xigenkii Jamacadda Hargaysa. *. *'''6'''. Dr. Abdirahman Jama Hadi *Aas-aasaha Jaamacadda Adal & cusbitaalka Adal Medical Hospital ahna Madaxwaynaha Jaamacadda Adal Medical University * *'''7'''. Korneel Xildhibaan *Cali Obsiiye Diiriye (Cali Gabiley) *✓ Xildhibaan Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland * *'''8'''. AHN Aamina Cabdillaahi Xirsi *Fanaanad hobaladii Waaberi *. *'''9'''. Abokor Xasan Caafi *Saxafi Ruug Cadaa ah *. *'''10'''. korneel Sh. Cismaan Axmed Jimcaale *Hogaamiye, Halgamaa, Sarkaal iyo Smafale *. *'''11'''.Faadumo *Xildhibaan Golaha Deegaanka Jabuuti *. *'''12'''. Maxamed Xuseen Hadi *✓ Xildhibaan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *. *'''13'''. Cabdillaahi Xuseen Nuur (Abdalla Boss)''' *Agaasimaha Hay’adda Socdaalka Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya. *. *'''14'''. Ganacsade Xasan Daahir *Ganacsadaha Soomaaliya oo dhan keena Bajaajta *. *'''15'''.Suldaan Muuse Axmed *Suldaanka Guud Ee Beelaha Gadabuursi Itoobiya *. *'''16'''. Suldaan Xuseen Nuur Xirsi *Suldaanka Beelaha Gadabuursi ee Soomaaliya Koonfurta *. *'''17'''. Xidigta Jarmalka Niciima C.Cabdilahi *TikToker Gabadha Soomaalida ugu Caansan TikTok iyo Social Media kuna caan ah Asturnaan dumar iyo Waddaniyad jacayl. *. *'''18'''. Korneel AHN Mustafe Xasan Caafi. *Sarkaal Ciidankii Soomaaliya markii Dambana Somaliland ugu dambayna ahaa Caaqil. *. *'''19'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) *Xoghayaha Fulinta Gobalka Gabiley [[Somaliland]] *. *'''20'''. Axmed Cismaan Higirje''' *Xoghayihii hore fulinta Gobalka Gabiley *. *'''21'''. Cumar Cabdi Xasan (Cumar Cagoole) *Xoghayihii Hore Dawladda Hoose Deg Gabiley *. *'''22'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) Xoghayaha Fulinta Gabiley [Gabiley] kqbpxgus73gz2o0prfxb3rie7pp34da 305701 305700 2026-08-24T01:58:55Z Abdishakur Gande 32580 /* */ Beelaha Bahabar Aadan Gadabuursi Gabiley Awdal Saylac Somaliland Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. 305701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} ''__ BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR 🦁 AADAN''__ ([[ENGLISH]]) 'Bahabar Adam Community' ([[ARABIC]]) 'مجتمع بهابر آدان'' __________________________ '''BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN''' waa mid kamida '''Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan '''Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) . 💪''' Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn kuleh Soomalida sida; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan kamuuqda Hoganka Gobanimada & halganada Qadiyada Soomaaliyeed. '''____ BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN _____''' ''Bahabar Aadan Maxad Case GADABUURSI'' Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haysa hogaanka siyaasada ama majaraha u haya oo saamayn wayn ku leh kana muuqda Dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnaayeen hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (ADAL EMPIRE) & Boqortooyadii (IFAT). Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kule tallada siyaasada Dawladaha Geeska Afrika ee Dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa hogaanka Siyaasada ee badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ku matala kuraasta saami xileed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku leeyihiin Gabilay, Awdal, Salal (Saylac), Maroodijeex iyo Wadamada Somaliland, Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. {{Farac |Bahabar Aadan - Maxamed Case - GADABUURSI - Samaroon Gadabuursi | group = Beelaha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4=GOBOLADA. Gabiley - Awdal - Salal - Somaliland - Jabuuti - DDS-Itoobiya Kilinka Shanaad | langs = [[Somali]] [[Arabic]] [[Oromo]] [[Amharic]] [[English]] [[Franch]] [[Swahili]] [[African]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = QABIILKA - BEESHA . [[Bahabar Aadan]] [[Maxamed Case]] [[Samaroon Gadabuursi]] [[Dir ]] |Beelaha Bahabar Aadan - Maxad Case - Gadabuursi=Beelaha Bahabar Aadan}} HORDHAC '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay dagaan wadamada; [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Bulshada Bahabar Aadan Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] Iyo Hargaysa. Dhanka kale, waxay aad ugu fidsan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan *'''Bahabr Aadan''' * AADAN * Maxamed. • '''Maxad Case''' * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon * '''Samaroon Saciid''' * Siciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *'''Gadabuursi''' * Madaluug *'''Dir''' * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaan wadamada 1. '''Somaliland,''' '''2. Jabuuti iyo''' '''3. Itoobiya Dawlad Deegaanka Soomalida Itoobiya.''' Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; '''Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga).''' ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Faahfaahin== *DIIN *Muslim 100% — Dad Muslim ah *DEEGAAN *Somaliland *DDS-Itoobiya *Jabuuti ==Beeraha Badhtanka Boorama ilaa Gabilay 👑 Bahabar Aadan == *1. Beerta ilma Caynaan *2. Beerta ilma Jaamac Hadi *3. Beerta ilma Caqli Hadi *4. Beerta ilma Cimi Gaab *5. Beerta ilma Axmed Sumal *6. Beerta ilma Abokor Muuse *7. Beerta ilma Kaamil *8. Beerta ilma Jaamac Dheere *9. Beerta ilma Muxumed Axmed *10. Beerta ilma Daahir Mixile *11. Beerta ilma Aw Xasan 12. Beerta Ilma Qoordheere Riiraash *13. Beerta ilma Daahir Cilmi *14. Beerta ilma Xalwo Hadi *15. Beerta ilma cabdilaahi Hadi *16. Beerta ilma Xuseen Hadi *17. Beerta ilma Faarax Hadi *18. Beerta ilma Xadi Hadi *19. Beerta ilma Madina Caqli *20. Beerta ilma ... *21. Beerta ilma ... *22. Beerta ilma ... *23. Beerta ilma ... *24. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *25. Beerta ilma ... *26. Beerta ilma ... *27. Beerta ilma ... *28. Beerta ilma ... *29. Beerta ilma ... *30. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *31. Way jiraan beero kale ee kusii dar. * * * *Kasoo bilow wadada halbawlaha borama daanta Jarka waxay ka bilaabantaa '''beerihii Jaamac hadi''' alle ha u naxariste . *Garbaxato waxa ka bilaabanta waa beertaydii ilaa goolada '''Jaamac Hadi (Bahabar aadan )''' ilaa inta '''Xalaal Maal waa beertii Ree Hadi''' cidaan garanayn loo sheegi maayee. *Daanta xanaanada waa '''Beertii Xalwo Hadi''' Ilaa tuur uraysa halkaa jeelka bariga kasoo gaadh '''xalwo hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Usoo dhaadhac xaafad kuwayd yaad ku taqaan waa beertii '''Aqli Hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Waxa ku xiga '''Aw Faarax Caynaan (Bahabar Aadan)''' Waxa ku xiga '''Jaamac Buuxx( Bahabar Aadan)''' *Waxa kusii xigay aw '''Hassan tunbuur(bahabar aadan )'''oo Halka xadrada ah *Kor uga noqo '''sariibada yar ee saaweer Oogo''' '''uga bax waa beerihii cilmi obsiiyeh cilmi gaab ( bahabar aadan)''' *waxa ku xigta ilma '''axmad sumal (Bahabar aadan)''' Halkaa waqooyi uga noqo daantii stationka bariga waqooyi uga noqo *waxa ku xigta '''muuse muhumed xaaji aadan (bahabar aadan )''' Ka soco waxa ku xigta beertii '''Daahir Mixile (bahabar aadan)''' *Saybeeriya ilaa Fardihii halkaa kaga dhac waa '''faarax''' '''Aqli Hadi [ Faarax Dheere ] (Bahabar Aadan)''' *Hoos u dhaaf waa beertii '''Yuusuf Riiraash Qoor Dheere''' oo waxay ku Soo wareegaysaa '''ilaa kaydkii biyaha''' '''Boorama''' *Dhankaa uga noqo Madaxtooyada Beerta Shimbiraale yaqaano waa beertii '''Ardo Hadi Alamagan (bahabar aadan)''' *'''Dhamuug''' uga dhaadhac '''''Ceelka Biyaha ee magalada Boorama ka cabto waa beertii Ilma Daahir Cilmi Nuur (Bahabar Aadan)''''' *'''Camuud u dhaaf waxa isku xiga beertii daahir mixile ( bahabar aadan)''' *'''Hussein Hadi (bahabar aadan)''' '''Daahir Cilmi (bahabar aadan)''' *Gabilay ilaa Baki ilaa Calixaydh ilaa Gabilay inta udhaxasaa Waa Beero BAHABAR AADAN MAXAMED CASE GADABUURSI 💪 . . '''<u>BEERAHA BADHTANKA GABILAY</u>''' - Beerta Cismaan Higirje -Beerta Faahiye Beertaa Reer Fariid Beertaa Reer Cabdi Beertaa Reer ==Beelaha La Dhashay Bahabar Aadan Ee Maxamed Case Gadabuursi == '''Bahabar Aadan _______''' *Dhalasho/Walaal Waxa Aadan (Bahabar Aadan) waxa la dhashay; '''• Shan Gabdhood ''' '''5''' iyo '''4''' Wiil '''(Beelood) oo ilma Maxamed Case''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: 1. Xuseen ('''Bahabar Celi''') 2. Muuse ('''Habar Muuse''') 3. Abokor ('''Bahabar Abokor''') 4. Aadan ('''Bahabr Aadan''') 5. iyo '''Shan Dumar ah''' _________________________ '''1. Bahabar Aadan''' ___ ● Aadan____________'''Maxamed Case''' '''2. BahabarCeli''' ___ ● Xuseen'''___________Maxamed Case''' '''3. Habar Muuse''' ___ ● Muuse___________'''Maxamed Case''' '''3. Bahabar Abokor''' ___ ● Abokor.___________'''Maxamed Case''' _________________________________________ ===BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN === *Beelaha Bahabar Aadan waa '''(10)''' oo kala ah '''(7)''' '''Beelood''' iyo '''(3)''' '''Haween''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: *1. '''Ba’yabare''' *'''2. Reer Cawl''' *'''3. Reer Xuseen''' *'''4. Reer Raagsaale''' *'''5. Bahabar Cabdule''' * *'''6. ______ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''7.''' '''________ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''8.''' '''Bah_______________oo dhashay''' *'''9'''. '''Bah__________________ oo dhashay''' *'''10'''. '''Bah___________________ oo dhashay''' ==Deegaanada Bahabar Aadan. == *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waxy '''degaan''' '''Geeska Afrika''' gaar ahaan wadamada; *1 '''Somaliland (Somali)''' *2. '''Itoobiya (Ethiopia)''' *3. '''Jabuuti (Djibouti).''' Dhulka ay Degaan waxa kamid ah ________________________________________ _______________ '''1. SOMALILAND :''' '''________ A. (Maroodijeex) :''' *A1. Hargaysa *A2. Gabiley *A2. Wajaale *A3. Xuushalay *A4. Kalabaydh *A5. Balayga Cas *A6. Isha-Gudban *A7. Laaca *A8. Ilmadado *A10. Galoolay *A11. Buss *A12. Mashruuca (Banka-Waasjaale) *A13. Ceel-Bardaal *A14. Buqdhada *A15. Seemaal *A16 Kaxda *A17 cadadhadheeray. === ____________B. Awdal === *B1. Boorama *B2. Saylac *B3. Ceel-sheekh *B4. Lughaya *B5. Baki *B6.Ruqi *B7. Lowyacado *B8. Qabri-Baxar *B9. Tuurka *B10. CaliXaydh *B11. CAMUUD *B12. Daraymacaane * * *____________'''C. (Saaxil)''' *A1.Bulaxaar *____________ '''2. Itoobiya''' *'''______ C. Kilinka Shanaa''' *Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. *C. Jigjiga *C1. Awbare *C2 . Wajaale *C3. Gobyaray *C4. Lafaciise *C5. Sheed-dheer *C6. Mulacl. * *'''Jabuuti''' *'''A. (Jabuuti)''' * *A2. Lowyacado *A3 Xaafada lixaad *A4 Xaafada Todobaad. *A5 Cali-sabiix ==Deegaan Juquraafi== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa deegaanadeedu ka kala kooban yihiin Ban-joog iyo Qorax Joog. Dhul xeebeed , Buuralay, Dhul Beereed, Dhul Ban oo kala ah Oogo iyo Nugaal. Bahabar Aadan waa dad xoolo dhaqato iyo Beeralay ah. ==Siyaasada Xukunka Dawladaha== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haya hogaanka siyaasada oo majaraha u haya ama ka saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. ==Dhaqaale== Waa dad xoolo dhaqato Beeralay ah sidookale nolashooda ka kaba ganacsiyo yaryar, xoogaa ganacsi waawayn iyo shaqaalenimo. ==Dadka caanka ah== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan *__________________________________________ * *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Rooble Dhimbiil (Xildhibaan Casoowe) Guddoomiye Gudoomiye Ku-xigeen Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Xasan Caafi *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Wasaaradda Cadaaladda *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''2'''. Prof. Cumar Cali Cabdillahi (Cumar Dheere) *Wasiirkii Wasaaraddaha *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''3'''. AHN Dr. Cabdirashiid Axmed Guuleed (Rashiid Sumal) *Agaasimihii Guud ee Wasaaraddaha *Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Somaliland *. *'''4'''. AHN Xaashi Cabdulaahi Orrax (Xaashi Afwayne) *Abwaan, Siyaasi, Halgamaagii xoriyada Jabuuti iyo La-taliyaha Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle * *'''5'''. Dr. Cabdullaahi Xasan Jamac (Cabdilahi Ruush) *Wariye BBC, *Gudoomiyihii Gudida Qorista Dastuurka Somalia *Madaxweyne Ku-xigenkii Jamacadda Hargaysa. *. *'''6'''. Dr. Abdirahman Jama Hadi *Aas-aasaha Jaamacadda Adal & cusbitaalka Adal Medical Hospital ahna Madaxwaynaha Jaamacadda Adal Medical University * *'''7'''. Korneel Xildhibaan *Cali Obsiiye Diiriye (Cali Gabiley) *✓ Xildhibaan Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland * *'''8'''. AHN Aamina Cabdillaahi Xirsi *Fanaanad hobaladii Waaberi *. *'''9'''. Abokor Xasan Caafi *Saxafi Ruug Cadaa ah *. *'''10'''. korneel Sh. Cismaan Axmed Jimcaale *Hogaamiye, Halgamaa, Sarkaal iyo Smafale *. *'''11'''.Faadumo *Xildhibaan Golaha Deegaanka Jabuuti *. *'''12'''. Maxamed Xuseen Hadi *✓ Xildhibaan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *. *'''13'''. Cabdillaahi Xuseen Nuur (Abdalla Boss)''' *Agaasimaha Hay’adda Socdaalka Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya. *. *'''14'''. Ganacsade Xasan Daahir *Ganacsadaha Soomaaliya oo dhan keena Bajaajta *. *'''15'''.Suldaan Muuse Axmed *Suldaanka Guud Ee Beelaha Gadabuursi Itoobiya *. *'''16'''. Suldaan Xuseen Nuur Xirsi *Suldaanka Beelaha Gadabuursi ee Soomaaliya Koonfurta *. *'''17'''. Xidigta Jarmalka Niciima C.Cabdilahi *TikToker Gabadha Soomaalida ugu Caansan TikTok iyo Social Media kuna caan ah Asturnaan dumar iyo Waddaniyad jacayl. *. *'''18'''. Korneel AHN Mustafe Xasan Caafi. *Sarkaal Ciidankii Soomaaliya markii Dambana Somaliland ugu dambayna ahaa Caaqil. *. *'''19'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) *Xoghayaha Fulinta Gobalka Gabiley [[Somaliland]] *. *'''20'''. Axmed Cismaan Higirje''' *Xoghayihii hore fulinta Gobalka Gabiley *. *'''21'''. Cumar Cabdi Xasan (Cumar Cagoole) *Xoghayihii Hore Dawladda Hoose Deg Gabiley *. *'''22'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) Xoghayaha Fulinta Gabiley [Gabiley] quacf4ucqb33n156997i1imhwgy2kfd 305702 305701 2026-08-24T01:59:23Z Abdishakur Gande 32580 /* */ Beelaha Bahabar Aadan Gadabuursi Gabiley Awdal Saylac Somaliland Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. 305702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} ''__ BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR 🦁 AADAN''__ ([[ENGLISH]]) 'Bahabar Adam Community' ([[ARABIC]]) 'مجتمع بهابر آدان'' '''BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN''' waa mid kamida '''Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan '''Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) . 💪''' Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn kuleh Soomalida sida; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan kamuuqda Hoganka Gobanimada & halganada Qadiyada Soomaaliyeed. '''____ BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN _____''' ''Bahabar Aadan Maxad Case GADABUURSI'' Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haysa hogaanka siyaasada ama majaraha u haya oo saamayn wayn ku leh kana muuqda Dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnaayeen hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (ADAL EMPIRE) & Boqortooyadii (IFAT). Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kule tallada siyaasada Dawladaha Geeska Afrika ee Dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa hogaanka Siyaasada ee badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ku matala kuraasta saami xileed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku leeyihiin Gabilay, Awdal, Salal (Saylac), Maroodijeex iyo Wadamada Somaliland, Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. {{Farac |Bahabar Aadan - Maxamed Case - GADABUURSI - Samaroon Gadabuursi | group = Beelaha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4=GOBOLADA. Gabiley - Awdal - Salal - Somaliland - Jabuuti - DDS-Itoobiya Kilinka Shanaad | langs = [[Somali]] [[Arabic]] [[Oromo]] [[Amharic]] [[English]] [[Franch]] [[Swahili]] [[African]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = QABIILKA - BEESHA . [[Bahabar Aadan]] [[Maxamed Case]] [[Samaroon Gadabuursi]] [[Dir ]] |Beelaha Bahabar Aadan - Maxad Case - Gadabuursi=Beelaha Bahabar Aadan}} HORDHAC '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay dagaan wadamada; [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Bulshada Bahabar Aadan Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] Iyo Hargaysa. Dhanka kale, waxay aad ugu fidsan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan *'''Bahabr Aadan''' * AADAN * Maxamed. • '''Maxad Case''' * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon * '''Samaroon Saciid''' * Siciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *'''Gadabuursi''' * Madaluug *'''Dir''' * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaan wadamada 1. '''Somaliland,''' '''2. Jabuuti iyo''' '''3. Itoobiya Dawlad Deegaanka Soomalida Itoobiya.''' Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; '''Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga).''' ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Faahfaahin== *DIIN *Muslim 100% — Dad Muslim ah *DEEGAAN *Somaliland *DDS-Itoobiya *Jabuuti ==Beeraha Badhtanka Boorama ilaa Gabilay 👑 Bahabar Aadan == *1. Beerta ilma Caynaan *2. Beerta ilma Jaamac Hadi *3. Beerta ilma Caqli Hadi *4. Beerta ilma Cimi Gaab *5. Beerta ilma Axmed Sumal *6. Beerta ilma Abokor Muuse *7. Beerta ilma Kaamil *8. Beerta ilma Jaamac Dheere *9. Beerta ilma Muxumed Axmed *10. Beerta ilma Daahir Mixile *11. Beerta ilma Aw Xasan 12. Beerta Ilma Qoordheere Riiraash *13. Beerta ilma Daahir Cilmi *14. Beerta ilma Xalwo Hadi *15. Beerta ilma cabdilaahi Hadi *16. Beerta ilma Xuseen Hadi *17. Beerta ilma Faarax Hadi *18. Beerta ilma Xadi Hadi *19. Beerta ilma Madina Caqli *20. Beerta ilma ... *21. Beerta ilma ... *22. Beerta ilma ... *23. Beerta ilma ... *24. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *25. Beerta ilma ... *26. Beerta ilma ... *27. Beerta ilma ... *28. Beerta ilma ... *29. Beerta ilma ... *30. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *31. Way jiraan beero kale ee kusii dar. * * * *Kasoo bilow wadada halbawlaha borama daanta Jarka waxay ka bilaabantaa '''beerihii Jaamac hadi''' alle ha u naxariste . *Garbaxato waxa ka bilaabanta waa beertaydii ilaa goolada '''Jaamac Hadi (Bahabar aadan )''' ilaa inta '''Xalaal Maal waa beertii Ree Hadi''' cidaan garanayn loo sheegi maayee. *Daanta xanaanada waa '''Beertii Xalwo Hadi''' Ilaa tuur uraysa halkaa jeelka bariga kasoo gaadh '''xalwo hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Usoo dhaadhac xaafad kuwayd yaad ku taqaan waa beertii '''Aqli Hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Waxa ku xiga '''Aw Faarax Caynaan (Bahabar Aadan)''' Waxa ku xiga '''Jaamac Buuxx( Bahabar Aadan)''' *Waxa kusii xigay aw '''Hassan tunbuur(bahabar aadan )'''oo Halka xadrada ah *Kor uga noqo '''sariibada yar ee saaweer Oogo''' '''uga bax waa beerihii cilmi obsiiyeh cilmi gaab ( bahabar aadan)''' *waxa ku xigta ilma '''axmad sumal (Bahabar aadan)''' Halkaa waqooyi uga noqo daantii stationka bariga waqooyi uga noqo *waxa ku xigta '''muuse muhumed xaaji aadan (bahabar aadan )''' Ka soco waxa ku xigta beertii '''Daahir Mixile (bahabar aadan)''' *Saybeeriya ilaa Fardihii halkaa kaga dhac waa '''faarax''' '''Aqli Hadi [ Faarax Dheere ] (Bahabar Aadan)''' *Hoos u dhaaf waa beertii '''Yuusuf Riiraash Qoor Dheere''' oo waxay ku Soo wareegaysaa '''ilaa kaydkii biyaha''' '''Boorama''' *Dhankaa uga noqo Madaxtooyada Beerta Shimbiraale yaqaano waa beertii '''Ardo Hadi Alamagan (bahabar aadan)''' *'''Dhamuug''' uga dhaadhac '''''Ceelka Biyaha ee magalada Boorama ka cabto waa beertii Ilma Daahir Cilmi Nuur (Bahabar Aadan)''''' *'''Camuud u dhaaf waxa isku xiga beertii daahir mixile ( bahabar aadan)''' *'''Hussein Hadi (bahabar aadan)''' '''Daahir Cilmi (bahabar aadan)''' *Gabilay ilaa Baki ilaa Calixaydh ilaa Gabilay inta udhaxasaa Waa Beero BAHABAR AADAN MAXAMED CASE GADABUURSI 💪 . . '''<u>BEERAHA BADHTANKA GABILAY</u>''' - Beerta Cismaan Higirje -Beerta Faahiye Beertaa Reer Fariid Beertaa Reer Cabdi Beertaa Reer ==Beelaha La Dhashay Bahabar Aadan Ee Maxamed Case Gadabuursi == '''Bahabar Aadan _______''' *Dhalasho/Walaal Waxa Aadan (Bahabar Aadan) waxa la dhashay; '''• Shan Gabdhood ''' '''5''' iyo '''4''' Wiil '''(Beelood) oo ilma Maxamed Case''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: 1. Xuseen ('''Bahabar Celi''') 2. Muuse ('''Habar Muuse''') 3. Abokor ('''Bahabar Abokor''') 4. Aadan ('''Bahabr Aadan''') 5. iyo '''Shan Dumar ah''' _________________________ '''1. Bahabar Aadan''' ___ ● Aadan____________'''Maxamed Case''' '''2. BahabarCeli''' ___ ● Xuseen'''___________Maxamed Case''' '''3. Habar Muuse''' ___ ● Muuse___________'''Maxamed Case''' '''3. Bahabar Abokor''' ___ ● Abokor.___________'''Maxamed Case''' _________________________________________ ===BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN === *Beelaha Bahabar Aadan waa '''(10)''' oo kala ah '''(7)''' '''Beelood''' iyo '''(3)''' '''Haween''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: *1. '''Ba’yabare''' *'''2. Reer Cawl''' *'''3. Reer Xuseen''' *'''4. Reer Raagsaale''' *'''5. Bahabar Cabdule''' * *'''6. ______ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''7.''' '''________ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''8.''' '''Bah_______________oo dhashay''' *'''9'''. '''Bah__________________ oo dhashay''' *'''10'''. '''Bah___________________ oo dhashay''' ==Deegaanada Bahabar Aadan. == *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waxy '''degaan''' '''Geeska Afrika''' gaar ahaan wadamada; *1 '''Somaliland (Somali)''' *2. '''Itoobiya (Ethiopia)''' *3. '''Jabuuti (Djibouti).''' Dhulka ay Degaan waxa kamid ah ________________________________________ _______________ '''1. SOMALILAND :''' '''________ A. (Maroodijeex) :''' *A1. Hargaysa *A2. Gabiley *A2. Wajaale *A3. Xuushalay *A4. Kalabaydh *A5. Balayga Cas *A6. Isha-Gudban *A7. Laaca *A8. Ilmadado *A10. Galoolay *A11. Buss *A12. Mashruuca (Banka-Waasjaale) *A13. Ceel-Bardaal *A14. Buqdhada *A15. Seemaal *A16 Kaxda *A17 cadadhadheeray. === ____________B. Awdal === *B1. Boorama *B2. Saylac *B3. Ceel-sheekh *B4. Lughaya *B5. Baki *B6.Ruqi *B7. Lowyacado *B8. Qabri-Baxar *B9. Tuurka *B10. CaliXaydh *B11. CAMUUD *B12. Daraymacaane * * *____________'''C. (Saaxil)''' *A1.Bulaxaar *____________ '''2. Itoobiya''' *'''______ C. Kilinka Shanaa''' *Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. *C. Jigjiga *C1. Awbare *C2 . Wajaale *C3. Gobyaray *C4. Lafaciise *C5. Sheed-dheer *C6. Mulacl. * *'''Jabuuti''' *'''A. (Jabuuti)''' * *A2. Lowyacado *A3 Xaafada lixaad *A4 Xaafada Todobaad. *A5 Cali-sabiix ==Deegaan Juquraafi== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa deegaanadeedu ka kala kooban yihiin Ban-joog iyo Qorax Joog. Dhul xeebeed , Buuralay, Dhul Beereed, Dhul Ban oo kala ah Oogo iyo Nugaal. Bahabar Aadan waa dad xoolo dhaqato iyo Beeralay ah. ==Siyaasada Xukunka Dawladaha== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haya hogaanka siyaasada oo majaraha u haya ama ka saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. ==Dhaqaale== Waa dad xoolo dhaqato Beeralay ah sidookale nolashooda ka kaba ganacsiyo yaryar, xoogaa ganacsi waawayn iyo shaqaalenimo. ==Dadka caanka ah== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan *__________________________________________ * *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Rooble Dhimbiil (Xildhibaan Casoowe) Guddoomiye Gudoomiye Ku-xigeen Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Xasan Caafi *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Wasaaradda Cadaaladda *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''2'''. Prof. Cumar Cali Cabdillahi (Cumar Dheere) *Wasiirkii Wasaaraddaha *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''3'''. AHN Dr. Cabdirashiid Axmed Guuleed (Rashiid Sumal) *Agaasimihii Guud ee Wasaaraddaha *Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Somaliland *. *'''4'''. AHN Xaashi Cabdulaahi Orrax (Xaashi Afwayne) *Abwaan, Siyaasi, Halgamaagii xoriyada Jabuuti iyo La-taliyaha Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle * *'''5'''. Dr. Cabdullaahi Xasan Jamac (Cabdilahi Ruush) *Wariye BBC, *Gudoomiyihii Gudida Qorista Dastuurka Somalia *Madaxweyne Ku-xigenkii Jamacadda Hargaysa. *. *'''6'''. Dr. Abdirahman Jama Hadi *Aas-aasaha Jaamacadda Adal & cusbitaalka Adal Medical Hospital ahna Madaxwaynaha Jaamacadda Adal Medical University * *'''7'''. Korneel Xildhibaan *Cali Obsiiye Diiriye (Cali Gabiley) *✓ Xildhibaan Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland * *'''8'''. AHN Aamina Cabdillaahi Xirsi *Fanaanad hobaladii Waaberi *. *'''9'''. Abokor Xasan Caafi *Saxafi Ruug Cadaa ah *. *'''10'''. korneel Sh. Cismaan Axmed Jimcaale *Hogaamiye, Halgamaa, Sarkaal iyo Smafale *. *'''11'''.Faadumo *Xildhibaan Golaha Deegaanka Jabuuti *. *'''12'''. Maxamed Xuseen Hadi *✓ Xildhibaan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *. *'''13'''. Cabdillaahi Xuseen Nuur (Abdalla Boss)''' *Agaasimaha Hay’adda Socdaalka Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya. *. *'''14'''. Ganacsade Xasan Daahir *Ganacsadaha Soomaaliya oo dhan keena Bajaajta *. *'''15'''.Suldaan Muuse Axmed *Suldaanka Guud Ee Beelaha Gadabuursi Itoobiya *. *'''16'''. Suldaan Xuseen Nuur Xirsi *Suldaanka Beelaha Gadabuursi ee Soomaaliya Koonfurta *. *'''17'''. Xidigta Jarmalka Niciima C.Cabdilahi *TikToker Gabadha Soomaalida ugu Caansan TikTok iyo Social Media kuna caan ah Asturnaan dumar iyo Waddaniyad jacayl. *. *'''18'''. Korneel AHN Mustafe Xasan Caafi. *Sarkaal Ciidankii Soomaaliya markii Dambana Somaliland ugu dambayna ahaa Caaqil. *. *'''19'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) *Xoghayaha Fulinta Gobalka Gabiley [[Somaliland]] *. *'''20'''. Axmed Cismaan Higirje''' *Xoghayihii hore fulinta Gobalka Gabiley *. *'''21'''. Cumar Cabdi Xasan (Cumar Cagoole) *Xoghayihii Hore Dawladda Hoose Deg Gabiley *. *'''22'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) Xoghayaha Fulinta Gabiley [Gabiley] 16vx90olppe8urd94cjplc93otswfzz 305703 305702 2026-08-24T02:00:52Z Abdishakur Gande 32580 /* */ Beelaha Bahabar Aadan Gadabuursi Gabiley Awdal Saylac Somaliland Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. 305703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} ''__ BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR 🦁 AADAN''__ ([[SOMALI]]). Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ([[ENGLISH]]) 'Bahabar Adam Community' ([[ARABIC]]) 'مجتمع بهابر آدان'' '''BEELWAYNTA BAHABAR AADAN''' waa mid kamida '''Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan '''Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) . 💪''' Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn kuleh Soomalida sida; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan kamuuqda Hoganka Gobanimada & halganada Qadiyada Soomaaliyeed. '''____ BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN _____''' ''Bahabar Aadan Maxad Case GADABUURSI'' Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haysa hogaanka siyaasada ama majaraha u haya oo saamayn wayn ku leh kana muuqda Dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnaayeen hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (ADAL EMPIRE) & Boqortooyadii (IFAT). Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kule tallada siyaasada Dawladaha Geeska Afrika ee Dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa hogaanka Siyaasada ee badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ku matala kuraasta saami xileed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku leeyihiin Gabilay, Awdal, Salal (Saylac), Maroodijeex iyo Wadamada Somaliland, Jabuuti Dds-itoobiya. {{Farac |Bahabar Aadan - Maxamed Case - GADABUURSI - Samaroon Gadabuursi | group = Beelaha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4=GOBOLADA. Gabiley - Awdal - Salal - Somaliland - Jabuuti - DDS-Itoobiya Kilinka Shanaad | langs = [[Somali]] [[Arabic]] [[Oromo]] [[Amharic]] [[English]] [[Franch]] [[Swahili]] [[African]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = QABIILKA - BEESHA . [[Bahabar Aadan]] [[Maxamed Case]] [[Samaroon Gadabuursi]] [[Dir ]] |Beelaha Bahabar Aadan - Maxad Case - Gadabuursi=Beelaha Bahabar Aadan}} HORDHAC '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay dagaan wadamada; [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Bulshada Bahabar Aadan Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] Iyo Hargaysa. Dhanka kale, waxay aad ugu fidsan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan *'''Bahabr Aadan''' * AADAN * Maxamed. • '''Maxad Case''' * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon * '''Samaroon Saciid''' * Siciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *'''Gadabuursi''' * Madaluug *'''Dir''' * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi''' waxay Degaan wadamada 1. '''Somaliland,''' '''2. Jabuuti iyo''' '''3. Itoobiya Dawlad Deegaanka Soomalida Itoobiya.''' Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; '''Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga).''' ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Faahfaahin== *DIIN *Muslim 100% — Dad Muslim ah *DEEGAAN *Somaliland *DDS-Itoobiya *Jabuuti ==Beeraha Badhtanka Boorama ilaa Gabilay 👑 Bahabar Aadan == *1. Beerta ilma Caynaan *2. Beerta ilma Jaamac Hadi *3. Beerta ilma Caqli Hadi *4. Beerta ilma Cimi Gaab *5. Beerta ilma Axmed Sumal *6. Beerta ilma Abokor Muuse *7. Beerta ilma Kaamil *8. Beerta ilma Jaamac Dheere *9. Beerta ilma Muxumed Axmed *10. Beerta ilma Daahir Mixile *11. Beerta ilma Aw Xasan 12. Beerta Ilma Qoordheere Riiraash *13. Beerta ilma Daahir Cilmi *14. Beerta ilma Xalwo Hadi *15. Beerta ilma cabdilaahi Hadi *16. Beerta ilma Xuseen Hadi *17. Beerta ilma Faarax Hadi *18. Beerta ilma Xadi Hadi *19. Beerta ilma Madina Caqli *20. Beerta ilma ... *21. Beerta ilma ... *22. Beerta ilma ... *23. Beerta ilma ... *24. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *25. Beerta ilma ... *26. Beerta ilma ... *27. Beerta ilma ... *28. Beerta ilma ... *29. Beerta ilma ... *30. Beerta ilma ... kusiidar *31. Way jiraan beero kale ee kusii dar. * * * *Kasoo bilow wadada halbawlaha borama daanta Jarka waxay ka bilaabantaa '''beerihii Jaamac hadi''' alle ha u naxariste . *Garbaxato waxa ka bilaabanta waa beertaydii ilaa goolada '''Jaamac Hadi (Bahabar aadan )''' ilaa inta '''Xalaal Maal waa beertii Ree Hadi''' cidaan garanayn loo sheegi maayee. *Daanta xanaanada waa '''Beertii Xalwo Hadi''' Ilaa tuur uraysa halkaa jeelka bariga kasoo gaadh '''xalwo hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Usoo dhaadhac xaafad kuwayd yaad ku taqaan waa beertii '''Aqli Hadi ( bahabar aadan)''' *Waxa ku xiga '''Aw Faarax Caynaan (Bahabar Aadan)''' Waxa ku xiga '''Jaamac Buuxx( Bahabar Aadan)''' *Waxa kusii xigay aw '''Hassan tunbuur(bahabar aadan )'''oo Halka xadrada ah *Kor uga noqo '''sariibada yar ee saaweer Oogo''' '''uga bax waa beerihii cilmi obsiiyeh cilmi gaab ( bahabar aadan)''' *waxa ku xigta ilma '''axmad sumal (Bahabar aadan)''' Halkaa waqooyi uga noqo daantii stationka bariga waqooyi uga noqo *waxa ku xigta '''muuse muhumed xaaji aadan (bahabar aadan )''' Ka soco waxa ku xigta beertii '''Daahir Mixile (bahabar aadan)''' *Saybeeriya ilaa Fardihii halkaa kaga dhac waa '''faarax''' '''Aqli Hadi [ Faarax Dheere ] (Bahabar Aadan)''' *Hoos u dhaaf waa beertii '''Yuusuf Riiraash Qoor Dheere''' oo waxay ku Soo wareegaysaa '''ilaa kaydkii biyaha''' '''Boorama''' *Dhankaa uga noqo Madaxtooyada Beerta Shimbiraale yaqaano waa beertii '''Ardo Hadi Alamagan (bahabar aadan)''' *'''Dhamuug''' uga dhaadhac '''''Ceelka Biyaha ee magalada Boorama ka cabto waa beertii Ilma Daahir Cilmi Nuur (Bahabar Aadan)''''' *'''Camuud u dhaaf waxa isku xiga beertii daahir mixile ( bahabar aadan)''' *'''Hussein Hadi (bahabar aadan)''' '''Daahir Cilmi (bahabar aadan)''' *Gabilay ilaa Baki ilaa Calixaydh ilaa Gabilay inta udhaxasaa Waa Beero BAHABAR AADAN MAXAMED CASE GADABUURSI 💪 . . '''<u>BEERAHA BADHTANKA GABILAY</u>''' - Beerta Cismaan Higirje -Beerta Faahiye Beertaa Reer Fariid Beertaa Reer Cabdi Beertaa Reer ==Beelaha La Dhashay Bahabar Aadan Ee Maxamed Case Gadabuursi == '''Bahabar Aadan _______''' *Dhalasho/Walaal Waxa Aadan (Bahabar Aadan) waxa la dhashay; '''• Shan Gabdhood ''' '''5''' iyo '''4''' Wiil '''(Beelood) oo ilma Maxamed Case''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: 1. Xuseen ('''Bahabar Celi''') 2. Muuse ('''Habar Muuse''') 3. Abokor ('''Bahabar Abokor''') 4. Aadan ('''Bahabr Aadan''') 5. iyo '''Shan Dumar ah''' _________________________ '''1. Bahabar Aadan''' ___ ● Aadan____________'''Maxamed Case''' '''2. BahabarCeli''' ___ ● Xuseen'''___________Maxamed Case''' '''3. Habar Muuse''' ___ ● Muuse___________'''Maxamed Case''' '''3. Bahabar Abokor''' ___ ● Abokor.___________'''Maxamed Case''' _________________________________________ ===BEELAHA BAHABAR AADAN === *Beelaha Bahabar Aadan waa '''(10)''' oo kala ah '''(7)''' '''Beelood''' iyo '''(3)''' '''Haween''' ah kuwaasoo kala ah: *1. '''Ba’yabare''' *'''2. Reer Cawl''' *'''3. Reer Xuseen''' *'''4. Reer Raagsaale''' *'''5. Bahabar Cabdule''' * *'''6. ______ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''7.''' '''________ Aadan Maxad Case''' *'''8.''' '''Bah_______________oo dhashay''' *'''9'''. '''Bah__________________ oo dhashay''' *'''10'''. '''Bah___________________ oo dhashay''' ==Deegaanada Bahabar Aadan. == *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' '''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waxy '''degaan''' '''Geeska Afrika''' gaar ahaan wadamada; *1 '''Somaliland (Somali)''' *2. '''Itoobiya (Ethiopia)''' *3. '''Jabuuti (Djibouti).''' Dhulka ay Degaan waxa kamid ah ________________________________________ _______________ '''1. SOMALILAND :''' '''________ A. (Maroodijeex) :''' *A1. Hargaysa *A2. Gabiley *A2. Wajaale *A3. Xuushalay *A4. Kalabaydh *A5. Balayga Cas *A6. Isha-Gudban *A7. Laaca *A8. Ilmadado *A10. Galoolay *A11. Buss *A12. Mashruuca (Banka-Waasjaale) *A13. Ceel-Bardaal *A14. Buqdhada *A15. Seemaal *A16 Kaxda *A17 cadadhadheeray. === ____________B. Awdal === *B1. Boorama *B2. Saylac *B3. Ceel-sheekh *B4. Lughaya *B5. Baki *B6.Ruqi *B7. Lowyacado *B8. Qabri-Baxar *B9. Tuurka *B10. CaliXaydh *B11. CAMUUD *B12. Daraymacaane * * *____________'''C. (Saaxil)''' *A1.Bulaxaar *____________ '''2. Itoobiya''' *'''______ C. Kilinka Shanaa''' *Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. *C. Jigjiga *C1. Awbare *C2 . Wajaale *C3. Gobyaray *C4. Lafaciise *C5. Sheed-dheer *C6. Mulacl. * *'''Jabuuti''' *'''A. (Jabuuti)''' * *A2. Lowyacado *A3 Xaafada lixaad *A4 Xaafada Todobaad. *A5 Cali-sabiix ==Deegaan Juquraafi== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa deegaanadeedu ka kala kooban yihiin Ban-joog iyo Qorax Joog. Dhul xeebeed , Buuralay, Dhul Beereed, Dhul Ban oo kala ah Oogo iyo Nugaal. Bahabar Aadan waa dad xoolo dhaqato iyo Beeralay ah. ==Siyaasada Xukunka Dawladaha== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa inta badan haya hogaanka siyaasada oo majaraha u haya ama ka saamayn wayn ku leh oo ka muuqda dawladaha Soomaalida. Bahabar Aadan ayaa ah awoodihii ama tiirarkii ay ku dhisnayd iyo hogaanadii Boqortooyadii Adal (Adal Empire) boqortooyadii Cadal. Beesha Bahabar Aadan ayaa ilaa wakhtigan saamayn wayn kuleh ama u taliya siyaasada dawladaha Geeska ama dawladaha Soomaalida. Siyaasiyiinta Bahabar Aadan waa kuwa badiyaa Beelaha Gadabuursi ama Maxamed Case ku matala kuraasta saami siyaasadeed ee Somaliland, Somalia, Djibouti iyo Ethiopia. Bahabar Aadan waa beesha badiyaa noqota Wasiirka beelaha Maxamed Case. Sidoo kale, waxay xildhibaano deegaan iyo wakiilo ku lee yihiin Awdal iyo Maroodijeex iyo Dalka Jabuuti. ==Dhaqaale== Waa dad xoolo dhaqato Beeralay ah sidookale nolashooda ka kaba ganacsiyo yaryar, xoogaa ganacsi waawayn iyo shaqaalenimo. ==Dadka caanka ah== *Beesha Bahabar Aadan *__________________________________________ * *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Rooble Dhimbiil (Xildhibaan Casoowe) Guddoomiye Gudoomiye Ku-xigeen Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *'''1'''. AHN Axmed Xasan Caafi *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Wasaaradda Cadaaladda *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''2'''. Prof. Cumar Cali Cabdillahi (Cumar Dheere) *Wasiirkii Wasaaraddaha *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Somaliland *Wasiirkii Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *. *'''3'''. AHN Dr. Cabdirashiid Axmed Guuleed (Rashiid Sumal) *Agaasimihii Guud ee Wasaaraddaha *Wasaaradda Qorsheynta Somaliland *Wasaaradda Ganacsiga Somaliland *. *'''4'''. AHN Xaashi Cabdulaahi Orrax (Xaashi Afwayne) *Abwaan, Siyaasi, Halgamaagii xoriyada Jabuuti iyo La-taliyaha Madaxweyne Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle * *'''5'''. Dr. Cabdullaahi Xasan Jamac (Cabdilahi Ruush) *Wariye BBC, *Gudoomiyihii Gudida Qorista Dastuurka Somalia *Madaxweyne Ku-xigenkii Jamacadda Hargaysa. *. *'''6'''. Dr. Abdirahman Jama Hadi *Aas-aasaha Jaamacadda Adal & cusbitaalka Adal Medical Hospital ahna Madaxwaynaha Jaamacadda Adal Medical University * *'''7'''. Korneel Xildhibaan *Cali Obsiiye Diiriye (Cali Gabiley) *✓ Xildhibaan Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland * *'''8'''. AHN Aamina Cabdillaahi Xirsi *Fanaanad hobaladii Waaberi *. *'''9'''. Abokor Xasan Caafi *Saxafi Ruug Cadaa ah *. *'''10'''. korneel Sh. Cismaan Axmed Jimcaale *Hogaamiye, Halgamaa, Sarkaal iyo Smafale *. *'''11'''.Faadumo *Xildhibaan Golaha Deegaanka Jabuuti *. *'''12'''. Maxamed Xuseen Hadi *✓ Xildhibaan Baarlamaanka Soomaaliya *. *'''13'''. Cabdillaahi Xuseen Nuur (Abdalla Boss)''' *Agaasimaha Hay’adda Socdaalka Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya. *. *'''14'''. Ganacsade Xasan Daahir *Ganacsadaha Soomaaliya oo dhan keena Bajaajta *. *'''15'''.Suldaan Muuse Axmed *Suldaanka Guud Ee Beelaha Gadabuursi Itoobiya *. *'''16'''. Suldaan Xuseen Nuur Xirsi *Suldaanka Beelaha Gadabuursi ee Soomaaliya Koonfurta *. *'''17'''. Xidigta Jarmalka Niciima C.Cabdilahi *TikToker Gabadha Soomaalida ugu Caansan TikTok iyo Social Media kuna caan ah Asturnaan dumar iyo Waddaniyad jacayl. *. *'''18'''. Korneel AHN Mustafe Xasan Caafi. *Sarkaal Ciidankii Soomaaliya markii Dambana Somaliland ugu dambayna ahaa Caaqil. *. *'''19'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) *Xoghayaha Fulinta Gobalka Gabiley [[Somaliland]] *. *'''20'''. Axmed Cismaan Higirje''' *Xoghayihii hore fulinta Gobalka Gabiley *. *'''21'''. Cumar Cabdi Xasan (Cumar Cagoole) *Xoghayihii Hore Dawladda Hoose Deg Gabiley *. *'''22'''. Abdishakur Mohamed Hassan (Gande) Xoghayaha Fulinta Gabiley [Gabiley] 1tlmdr8e8ui8ib68q1ianf4gy5zg07h 305705 305703 2026-08-24T03:51:55Z Isma4l 41797 Ka saaray qoraalada aan xigasho lahayn 305705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} '''Beelaha Bahar Aadan''' ([[Carabi]] جتمع بهابر آدان: waa Mid kamid ah Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn ku leh Soomaalida Gaar ahaan; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan ka muuqda Hogaanka Dawladaha iyo halganada Qadiyada. {{Farac | | group = Beesha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4= | langs = [[Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Kuwa kale qabiilka [[Dir]] }} Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaanada ay dagaan sida [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] waxaay aad ugu Faafan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan * * AADAN * Maxamed. • Maxad Case * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon Saciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *Gadabuursi * Madaluug *Dir * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaan wadamada 1. Somaliland, Jabuuti iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga). ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Tixraac== h055tls1fwh9v4jo5r8o0c4df79lu40 305706 305705 2026-08-24T03:52:12Z Isma4l 41797 La ilaaliyay "[[Beesha Bahabar Aadan]]": Burburin xad dhaaf ah ([Wax ka badal=​U ogolow kaliya isticmaalayaasha la xaqiijiyay] (aan xad lahayn) [Wareeji=​U ogolow kaliya isticmaalayaasha la xaqiijiyay] (aan xad lahayn)) 305705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} '''Beelaha Bahar Aadan''' ([[Carabi]] جتمع بهابر آدان: waa Mid kamid ah Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn ku leh Soomaalida Gaar ahaan; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan ka muuqda Hogaanka Dawladaha iyo halganada Qadiyada. {{Farac | | group = Beesha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4= | langs = [[Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Kuwa kale qabiilka [[Dir]] }} Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaanada ay dagaan sida [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] waxaay aad ugu Faafan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan * * AADAN * Maxamed. • Maxad Case * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon Saciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *Gadabuursi * Madaluug *Dir * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaan wadamada 1. Somaliland, Jabuuti iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga). ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Tixraac== h055tls1fwh9v4jo5r8o0c4df79lu40 305707 305706 2026-08-24T03:53:17Z Isma4l 41797 /* Tixraac */ 305707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} '''Beelaha Bahar Aadan''' ([[Carabi]] جتمع بهابر آدان: waa Mid kamid ah Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn ku leh Soomaalida Gaar ahaan; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan ka muuqda Hogaanka Dawladaha iyo halganada Qadiyada. {{Farac | | group = Beesha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region4= | langs = [[Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Kuwa kale qabiilka [[Dir]] }} Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaanada ay dagaan sida [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] waxaay aad ugu Faafan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan * * AADAN * Maxamed. • Maxad Case * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon Saciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *Gadabuursi * Madaluug *Dir * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaan wadamada 1. Somaliland, Jabuuti iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga). ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Tixraac== {{Gumud}} gnjqo4sf7m9fbm6dlgbkjqeil2mk05p 305708 305707 2026-08-24T03:59:38Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305708 wikitext text/x-wiki {{nutshell|Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan beel (qabiil), fadlan dhexdhexaad ka ahoow qoraalkaaga}} '''Beelaha Bahar Aadan''' ([[Carabi]] جتمع بهابر آدان: waa Mid kamid ah Beelaha ugu Badan Qabiilada Somali [[Soomaalida]] Gaar ahaan Beelaha Gadabuursi / Samaroon ([[Dir]]) Bahabar Aadan waxa ka dhashay Dad Saamayn ku leh Soomaalida Gaar ahaan; Dhanka Siyaasada Waana dadka inta badan ka muuqda Hogaanka Dawladaha iyo halganada Qadiyada. {{Farac | | group = Beesha Bahabar Aadan <br> مجتمع بهابر آدان | image= ||region1={{flagcountry|Somalia}} |region2={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} |region5= | langs = [[Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Kuwa kale qabiilka [[Dir]] }} Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaanada ay dagaan sida [[Somaliland]], [[Jabuuti]] iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada [[Gabiley]] Awdal [[Boorama]], Salal [[Saylac]] waxaay aad ugu Faafan yihiin [[Jigjiga]] iyo Jabuuti. ==Abtirsiin== * Beesha Bahabar Aadan * Bahabar Aadan * * AADAN * Maxamed. • Maxad Case * Makadoor * Maxamuud. * Samaroon Saciid * Da'uud * Xasan * Cumar * Cali *Gadabuursi * Madaluug *Dir * Aji * Irir. Irir Samale * Samaale * Hiil * Abroone Beelaha Bahabar Aadan ee Gadabuursi waxay Degaan wadamada 1. Somaliland, Jabuuti iyo Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida Itoobiya. Waxay aad ugu badan yihiin deegaanada; Gabiley (Gabilay), Awdal (Boorama), Salal (Saylac) iy Faafan (Jigjiga). ==Hordhac== *'''Beelaha Bahabar Aadan''' waa mid kamid ah Beelaha '''ugu badan Soomaalida'''. Gaar ahaan Beelaha '''Gadabuursi'''. *Beelahaha Bahabar Aadan *Maxamed Case *Makadoor (Gadabuursi) ==Tixraac== {{Gumud}} e9agv91trmtb2zhgjya6pglkbma7ew1 0 35457 305694 235255 2026-08-24T00:21:37Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|name=AleXa|instrument=Cod|native_name=|module={{Infobox Chinese/Korean|child=yes | header = Stage Name | hangul = 알렉사 | rr = Alleksa | mr = Alleksa }} {{Infobox Chinese/Korean|child=yes | header = Former Stage Name | hangul = 알렉스 크리스틴 | rr = Allekseu keuriseutin | mr = Alleksŭ k'ŭrisŭt'in }} {{Infobox Chinese/Korean|child=yes | header = Korean Name | hangul = 김세리 | rr = gim seri | mr = kim seri }}|website=<!-- {{URL|example.com}} or {{Official URL}} -->|origin=Koonfur Kuuriya|label=[[Zanybros|ZB]]|years_active=2016–hada|occupation=|image=genre={{hlist|[[K-pop]]|}}|birth_place=[[Tulsa, Oklahoma]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1996|12|09}}|alias=Alex Christine, Kim Seri|birth_name=Alexandra Christine Schneiderman|alt=|caption=AleXa ee 2021|image_upright=1.15}}'''Alexandra Christine Schneiderman''' (dhashay {{birth date|1996|12|09}})<ref>https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/B50Ok_7HQDp{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>, si xirfad leh loo yaqaan magaceeda masraxa '''Alexa''' (loo qaabeeyey sida '''AleXa'''; {{Korean|알렉사}}) oo hore loogu yiqiin '''Alex Christine''' (알렉스 크리스틴), waa heesaa Mareykan ah oo fadhigeedu yahay Koonfur Kuuriya. Kadib markii ay dhigtay labada xilli ee tartanka telefishinka dhabta ah ''Rising Legends'', AleXa waxay la saxiixatay [[Zanybros]] 'ZB Label oo ay ku tababartay ku dhawaad ​​laba sano iyo bar. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, waxay ku tartamaysay [[Mnet]] ''[[Produce 48]]''. Waxay sii daysay Oktoobar 21, 2019 heesteedii ugu horreysay "Bam". == Tixraac == jord2jqe6o47i9bu8ssr4onciyqvdrg 0 40939 305690 305548 2026-08-23T17:34:44Z ~2026-40195-67 46556 /* */ 305690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big><u>BEESHA IIDLE BICIIDE (HABARJECLO)</u></big>''' Beesha Iidle Biciide waa beel ka tirsan Habar Jeclo Gaar ahaan Muuse Abokor. Waxa ay degaan degaano ka tirsan G.Sanaag. sida Ceel-Afweyn, Bixin, Biyo dhacay, Dhabar-Dalool, Suuf-Dheere iyo Ceerigabo. Waxa kaso jeeda beesha Siyaasiyiin, Saraakiil iyo cuqaal aad uga so dhex muuqday halgankii xornimo doonka somaliland. == Deegaannada ay degaan == Beesha Iidle Biciide waxaa lagu sheegaa inay degto deegaannadan: * Bixin * Suf-dheere * Biyo-dhacay * Garuuble * Dhabar-dalool * Ceel Afweyn * Ceerigaabo ■ '''IIDLE BICIIDE...''' == Jilibyada == Beesha Iidle Biciide waxay u kala baxdaa jilibyadan: * Rooble * Saalax * Wacays * Maxamed Cabdi * Xareed * Cabdulle Cabdi ■ <code>Reer Daahir</code> ■ <code>Reer Axmed</code> ■ <code>Reer Dhunkaall</code> == Dadka caanka ah == === MUJAAHIDIINTA === ● C/laahi Saalax Oogle ● Alyoos Jaamac Ducaale ● Yaasin Jaamac Ducaale PG ● Maxamed Cabdi Cabdulle === SIYAASIYIINTA === ● Siyaasi Ismaaciil Faarax Maxamed (DAD-QAL) Mid kamida Aasaasayaashi xisbigii UDUB ● Siyaasi Cismaan Faarax Maxamed (Hamasholl) ● Siyaasi Axmed Siciid Maxamed ( Godane) DG Agaasimaha Guud ee Ciyaara ● Xill-dhibaan Sahal Mire === MADAX DHAQAMEEDKA BEESHA === ● Chief Caaqil Faarax Maxamed Dhunkaall ● Cheif Caaqil Aadan cabdi ● Cheif Caaqil Cabdulle Cade ● Cheif Caaqil Cawl cabdulle nuur ● Caaqil Ismaaciil Aadan cabdi ● Caaqil Cali Axmed Weyrax ● Caaqil maxamed ismaaciil Aadan ● Caaqil Ismaaciil Axmed Weyrax ● Caaqil Cabdi cawl Cabdulle '''ODAYAASHA BEESHA''' ● Cawil Mire Rooble ● Maxamuud Faarax Maxamed (hurre) ● Cali Cismaan Faarax (Cali madoobe) ● Maxamed Siciid Maxamed ● Iiman Cabdi Cabdulle ● Aw salaad ● ismaaciil Xuseen Gabaydhe ( Baylood) ● Rashiid Faarax Maxamed ● Rashiid Gadhoodhsade ● Maxamed ciise ● Ibraahin Axmed Weyrax ● Xasan Caateeye Dhunkaall ● Goox cabdi ● Siciid Maxamed Aadan '''DHALINYARADA BEESHA''' ● Axmed Aadan 《GANACSADE 》 ● Yaasiin Maxamuud Faarax 《GANACSADE 》 ● Saleeban Maxamed Siciid 《GANACSADE 》 ● Naasir Cali Cismaan 《SIYAASI 》 ● Maxamed Faarax Darawal 《GANACSADE》 ● Saleeban Cabdullahi Cawed 《DR 》 ●Mukhtaar Maxamed Saalax 《ENGINEER 》 ● Maxamed Faarax Cali 《DR 》 ● Axmed Maxamuud Faarax 《GANACSADE 》 ● Nuux Hadhweyne 《ENGINEER 》 ● Cabdisalaan Jaamac Ciise 《DR 》 ● Cawil Aadan Axmed 《GANACSADE 》 ● C/raxmaan xusen Aadan《GANACSADE 》 ● Maxamuud cilmi 《AQOONYAHAN 》 pq40qpix5v3yllaj0sa330010trfgrk 0 43402 305704 296023 2026-08-24T03:45:51Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Fahima Awan | image = | alt = | caption = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1982|12|19|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Karachi]], [[Bakistaan]] | education = [[Jaamacadda Karachi]] | occupation = Jilaa | years_active = 2000 – hada | children = 2 }} '''Fahima Awan''' waa jilaa Pakistani ah. Waxay caan ku tahay doorkeeda riwaayadaha Kam Zarf , Fitoor , Betiyaan iyo Siyani . ==Nolosha hore== Fahima waxa ay ku dhalatay 19 December 1982 magaalada Karachi . Waxbarashadiisa ayey ka qaadatay Jaamacadda Karachi. ==Xirfad== Fahima waxay bilawday inay u shaqeyso moodel ahaan sanadkii 2000 waxayna ka soo muuqatay muuqaalo muusig iyo xayaysiisyo Waxaa lagu xusay doorkeedii riwaayadaha Mah-e-Tamaam , Qurban , Baichan Dil , Ru Baru Ishq Tha , Mera Wajood iyo Kasak Kadib waxay kasoo muuqatay riwaayadaha Haara Dil , Aik Thi Rania , Gul-o-Gulzar , Dunk , Darr Khuda Say iyo Fitoor Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay riwaayadaha Mohabbat Chor Di Maine , Haseena , Kam Zarf , Ruswai , Bechari Qudsia , Laapata iyo Qismat Ka Likha ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Awan waa xaas, wuxuuna leeyahay laba carruur ah. Ninkeeda ayaa dhintay 2022. ==Filmography== ===Telefishanka=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col"|Sanadka ! scope="col"|Ciwaanka ! scope="col"|Doorka ! scope="col"|Shabakada |- |2017 | ''[[Qurban (Pakistani TV series)|Qurban]]'' | Shehnaz | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2017 | ''[[Tishnagi Dil Ki]]'' | Neelam | [[Geo TV]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://harpalgeo.tv/program/Tishnagi-Dil-Ki|title=Tishnagi Dil Ki|website=www.geo.tv|date=20 March 2017}}</ref> |- |2017 | ''Dil-e-Bekhabar'' | Tarannum | [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]] |- |2017 | ''[[Aik Thi Rania]]'' | Ayeza | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2018 | ''Maa Sadqey'' | Jumaila | [[Hum TV]] |- |2018 | ''[[Haara Dil]]'' | Areej | [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1179714|title=Danish Taimoor turns actor-producer for upcoming drama Haara Dil|website=Images Dawn|date=25 March 2018}}</ref> |- |2018 | ''Bechari Nadia'' | Mona | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2018 | ''[[Alif Allah Aur Insaan]]'' | Sarwat | [[Hum TV]] |- |2018 | ''[[Ru Baru Ishq Tha]]'' | Hamna | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2018 | ''Phir Wohi Dil'' | Naheed | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2018 | ''[[Mah-e-Tamaam]]'' | Sabi | [[Hum TV]] |- |2019 | ''[[Darr Khuda Say]]'' | Aasia | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2019 | ''[[Gul-o-Gulzar]]'' | Zeba | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2019 | ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 1]]'' | Anjum | [[Geo TV]] |- |2019 | ''[[Deewangi]]'' | Faryal | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2019 | ''[[Qismat Ka Likha]]'' | Shaista | [[Express Entertainment]] |- |2019 | ''[[Kam Zarf]]'' | Nazma | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2019 | ''[[Ruswai]]'' | Madiha | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2020 | ''Kasak'' | Naima | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2020 | ''[[Prem Gali]]'' | Dua | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2020 | ''Mera Wajood'' | Tahira | [[Express Entertainment]] |- |2020 | ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 1]]'' | Nazia | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2020 | ''Aye Muhabbat'' | Noor | TV One |- |2020 | ''[[Dunk (2020 TV series)|Dunk]]'' | Saman | [[ARY Digital]] |- |2021 | ''[[Fitoor (TV series)|Fitoor]]'' | Sara | [[Geo Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cutacut.com/2020/11/05/exclusive-faysal-qureshis-next-drama-is-a-love-story|title=Exclusive: Faysal Qureshi's next drama is a love story|website=Cutacut|date=8 November 2020}}</ref> |- |2021 | ''Oye Motti Season 1'' | Durdana | [[Express Entertainment]] |- |2021 | ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 2]]'' | Hira | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2021 | ''Emaan'' | Fouzia | LTN Family |- |2021 | ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 3]]'' | Sharjeel's mother | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2021 | ''Badnaseeb'' | Zubi | [[Hum TV]] |- |2021 | ''[[Bechari Qudsia]]'' | Naila | [[Geo Entertainment]]<ref name=DailyPakistan>{{cite web|url=https://dailypakistan.com.pk/10-Jul-2018/810995|title=فیصل ترک کی ڈرامہ سیریل "بے چاری نادیہ"' آن ائیر|website=Daily Pakistan|date=17 May 2022}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- |2021 | ''[[Laapata]]'' | Rehana | [[Hum TV]] |- |2021 | ''[[Mohabbat Chor Di Maine]]'' | Aniba | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2022 | ''[[Makafaat (TV series)|Makafaat Season 4]]'' | Sara | [[Geo TV]] |- |2022 | ''Meri Hai Kiya Khata'' | Ruby | Aan TV |- |2022 | ''[[Mazaaq Raat]]'' | Herself | [[Dunya News]] |- |2022 | ''Rasm-e-Ulfat'' | Saleema | [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]] |- |2022 | ''Haseena'' | Masooma | [[A-Plus TV|A-Plus]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://minutemirror.com.pk/zain-afzals-upcoming-project-is-a-romantic-drama-called-haseena-25437/|title=Zain Afzal's upcoming project is a romantic drama called 'Haseena'|website=Minute Mirror|date=4 February 2022|access-date=21 Bisha Tobnaad 2025|archive-date=12 Bisha Saddexaad 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312074109/https://minutemirror.com.pk/zain-afzals-upcoming-project-is-a-romantic-drama-called-haseena-25437/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2022 | ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 3]]'' | Sara | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2022 | ''Baichan Dil'' | Najia | [[Aaj Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.aaj.tv/news/30289041/baichain-dil-hina-ashfaq-inayat-khan-amp-fahima-awan-promo-aaj-entertainment|title=Baichain Dil {{!}} Hina Ashfaq, Inayat Khan & Fahima Awan {{!}} Promo {{!}} Aaj Entertainment|website=Aaj News|date=19 June 2022}}</ref> |- |2022 | ''Siyani'' | Faiza | [[Geo Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dnd.com.pk/siyani-drama-story-cast-timings-and-last-episode/278889|title=Siyani Drama {{!}} Story, Cast, Timings, and Last Episode|website=Dispatch News Desk|date=30 November 2022}}</ref> |- |2022 | ''Zindagi Aik Paheli'' | Nazia | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2022 | ''[[Betiyaan]]'' | Salma | [[ARY Digital]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dnd.com.pk/betiyaan-drama-cast-timings-story-and-more/277026|title=Betiyaan Drama Cast, Timings, Story And More|website=Dispatch News Desk|date=6 December 2022}}</ref> |- |2023 | ''Abdullah'' | Nazia | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2023 | ''Ahsaas'' | Annie | [[Express Entertainment]] |- |2023 | ''Bojh'' | Jia | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2023 | ''[[Ehraam-e-Junoon]]'' | Ramsha | [[Geo Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://galaxylollywood.com/2023/09/26/ehraam-e-junoon-ends-on-a-high-note-with-positive-ending/|title=Ehraam-e-Junoon Ends On A High Note With Positive Ending|website=Galaxy Lollywood|date=September 29, 2023|access-date=19 December 2023|archive-date=12 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112103226/https://galaxylollywood.com/2023/09/26/ehraam-e-junoon-ends-on-a-high-note-with-positive-ending/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2023 | ''Hona Tha Pyar'' | Pari | Aan TV |- |2023 | ''Mujhay Qabool Nahin'' | Aliya | [[Geo TV]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/1140050-last-episode-of-mujhy-qabool-nahi-today-on-geo-tv|title=Last episode of 'Mujhay Qabool Nahin' today on Geo TV|website=The News International|date=December 24, 2023}}</ref> |- |2023 | ''[[Jannat Se Aagay]]'' | Bride | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2023 | ''Pyari Nimmo'' | Ayesha | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2023 | ''[[Fitna (TV series)|Fitna]]'' | Rizwana | [[Hum TV]] |- |2023 | ''[[Working Women (TV series)|Working Women]]'' | Erum | Green Entertainment |- |2023 | ''Khushbo Mein Basay Khat'' | Tabinda | [[Hum TV]] |- |2024 | ''Saraab'' | Shama | Aur Life |- |2024 | ''[[Dikhawa|Dikhawa Season 5]]'' | Saba | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2024 | ''Dao'' | Taniya | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2024 | ''Tum Mere Kya Ho'' | Samina | [[Hum TV]] |- |2024 | ''Gentleman'' | Shagufta | Green Entertainment |- |2024 | ''Teri Chhaon Mein'' | Laila | [[Hum TV]] |- |2024 | ''Barat Nahi Aaii'' | Mehrunnisa | Set Entertainment |- |2024 | ''Ghair'' | Haya | [[ARY Digital]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youlinmagazine.com/article/drama-review-ghair-(stranger)/MjkxNA==|title=Drama Review: Ghair (Stranger)|website=Youlin Magazine|date=November 14, 2024}}</ref> |- |2025 | ''Hijr'' | Mehwish | [[Hum TV]] |- |2025 | ''Dastak'' | Sara | [[ARY Digital]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/1256525/ali-raza-and-sohai-ali-abro-come-together-for-dastak/|title=Ali Raza and Sohai Ali Abro come together for 'Dastak'|website=Daily Times|date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> |- |2025 | ''Aas Paas'' | Aneela Musheer | [[Geo Entertainment]] |- |2025 | ''Qubool Hai'' | Sakina | [[Express Entertainment]] |- |2025 | ''Pehli Mohabbat'' | Annie | [[Hum TV]] |- |2025 | ''Humraaz'' | Sara | [[Geo TV]] |- |2025 | ''Mubarakan Mubarakan'' | Sheema | Aur Life |- |2025 | ''Sanwal Yaar Piya'' | Shakira | [[Geo TV]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iObkiWAuBwE|title=Sanwal Yaar Piya Episode 02 Teaser|website=Har Pal Geo|date=September 15, 2025}}</ref> |- |2025 | ''Case No. 9'' | Saba | [[Geo Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X29gfcYHgcE|title=Case No.9 Episode 02 Teaser|website=Har Pal Geo|date=September 24, 2025}}</ref> |- |2025 | ''Dorr'' | Musarrat | [[Express Entertainment]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kF_UWlm_ma8|title=Dorr Episode 5 {{!}} Teaser|website=Express TV|date=October 16, 2025}}</ref> |} ===Muuqaalada muusiga=== {| class="wikitable" ! Sannadka ! Heesta ! Heesaa ! Xusuusin |- |2000 | ''Tera Kangna Jab Khanke'' | [[Shehzad Roy]] |<ref>{{Citation|title=Tera Kangna Jab Khanke - Shahzad Roy|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJRBjGqrizI|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117190243/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJRBjGqrizI|archive-date=17 January 2023|url-status=bot: unknown|website=PTV| date=25 May 2016 |access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref> |- |2003 | ''Kangna'' | Shehzad Roy |<ref>{{Citation|title=Kangna - Shahzad Roy|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iq5vVRwgt9M|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121160301/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iq5vVRwgt9M|archive-date=21 January 2023|url-status=bot: unknown|website=PTV| date=June 2011 |access-date=21 January 2023}}</ref> |} ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [[imdbname:13951384|Fahima Awan]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]] g7zj4890ro6w6u498hfqrxwihzl29zm 0 43788 305693 287094 2026-08-24T00:07:19Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305693 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adedeji Tajudeen Adeleke''' (wuxuu dhashay 6 Maarso 1957) waa ganacsade weyn oo reer Nigeria ah iyo madaxweynaha Jaamacadda Adeleke Sidoo kale waa maamulaha guud ee shirkadda Pacific Holdings Limited Waa aabaha Davido , muusikiiste reer Nigeria ah iyo Sharon Adeleke Waxa uu guursaday Dr Vero Adeleke oo dhintay 6-dii Maarso 2003. Walaalkii ka yar Ademola Adeleke waa guddoomiyaha hadda xilka haya ee Gobolka Osun . ==Waxbarashada== 1979kii, Adeleke waxa uu shahaadada Sayniska ee Maaliyadda ka qaatay Western Kentucky University ==Tixraac== [https://networthvisa.com/davido-father-net-worth-biography/ "DAVIDO's AABAHA SHEEKOOYINKA SHEEKEYNTA AH 2018 IYO NOLOLEED NOLOLEED {Deji Adeleke} - Visa Net Worth"] {{Wayback|url=https://networthvisa.com/davido-father-net-worth-biography/ |date=20180826122041 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20200616044931/https://www.sde.co.ke/article/2001345311/born-rich-how-davido-s-unborn-son-is-already-minting-millions "Waxa uu ku dhashay taajir: Sida wiilka aan weli dhalan ee Davido uu horayba malaayiin u waday"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20150802230654/http://sunnewsonline.com/new/prof-amusans-revelation-why-adeleke-university-charges-the-lowest-fee-of-all-nigerian-universities/ "Prof. Amusan muujinta sababta ay Jaamacadda Adeleke u soo dalacdo kharashka ugu hooseeya ee dhammaan Jaamacadda Nigeria"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20150801061846/http://www.punchng.com/education/vc-flays-fg-for-excluding-private-varsities-from-tetfund/ "VC waxay ku fashilantay FG inay ka reebto noocyada gaarka ah ee TETFUND"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180813012151/https://blog.jiji.ng/2017/09/davido-father-net-worth-private-jet-house-cars-rare-facts/ "Davido Aabbaha: Qiimaha saafiga ah, Jetka Gaarka ah, Guriga, Baabuurta & Xaqiiqooyinka Naadirka ah | Jiji.ng Blog"] ixu0mkdhywhlo27iutrj3z8ncfhssvy 0 44958 305697 290365 2026-08-24T01:46:14Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist | name = Bnxn | image = | caption = | birth_name = Daniel Etiese Benson | birth_date = {{ birth date and age|df=yes|1997|5|14}} | birth_place = [[Lagos]], Nigeria | genre = {{flatlist| * [[Afro-fusion]] * [[Afrobeats]] }} | label = {{flatlist| * [[Diiwaanada Markabka Hawada Sare]] (hore) * Dhagahaaga Madadaalada (T.Y.E) }} | associated_acts = {{flatlist| * [[Wizkid]] * [[Ladipoe]] * [[Zlatan (musician)|Zlatan]] * [[Timaya]] * [[Burna Boy]] * [[Blaqbonez]] * [[Pheelz]]}} | years_active = 2018–hadda | occupation = {{flatlist| * Fanaan * qoraa heesaha }} | alias = Buju, Bujutoyourears, BNXN }} '''Daniel Etiese Benson''' (wuxuu dhashay 14 May 1997), oo loo yaqaan xirfad ahaan Bnxn (waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa Benson ) oo hore loogu yiqiin Buju , waa heesaa reer Nigeria ah, heesaa iyo soo saare rikoodh ah. ==Nolosha hore== Daniel Etiese Benson wuxuu ku dhashay Lagos . Waxa uu ka soo jeedaa gobolka Akwa Ibom , waxa uu ku koray Gbagada isaga iyo qoyskiisa, laakiin waxa loo guuray Gobolka Ogun . Benson waxaa lagu soo bandhigay Afroop iyada oo loo marayo fanaaniinta muusiga Nigeria 2Baba yaraantiisii, wuxuuna ku qiimeeyay Burna Boy inuu yahay dhiirigelintiisa inuu noqdo farshaxan muusig. ==Tixraac== [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/mayorkun-is-shocked-that-bujus-name-is-daniel-benson/renp6g8 "Mayorkun aad ayuu uga naxay in magaca Buju uu yahay Daniel Benson"] [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/burna-boy-joeboy-omah-lay-buju-tems-emerge-as-part-of-the-most-streamed-artists-in/1bsz3rk "Burna Boy, Joeboy, Omah Lay, Buju, Tems waxay u soo baxayaan qayb ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu badan ee aduunka ee Audiomack"] {{Wayback|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/burna-boy-joeboy-omah-lay-buju-tems-emerge-as-part-of-the-most-streamed-artists-in/1bsz3rk |date=20210526120931 }} [https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/stream-buju-sorry-im-late/lfs7pdx "Buju waxay soo saartay 7-track sophomore EP, 'Waan ka xumahay inaan daahay'] [https://businessday.ng/arts-and-life/article/buju-debut-concert-sorry-im-late-to-hold-in-lagos/ " Riwaayadii ugu horeysay ee Buju 'Waan ka xunahay inaan ka daahay' inaan ku qabto Lagos"] 3mxmbgfhsggcry9wadudksebufgivx7 0 47007 305762 300820 2026-08-24T09:11:12Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox writer | name = Victor Hugo | image = Victor Hugo by Étienne Carjat 1876.jpg | imagesize = 260px | caption = Victor Hugo, qiyaastii 1880 | birth_name = Victor Marie Hugo | birth_date = 26 Febraayo 1802 | birth_place = [[Besançon]], [[Faransiiska]] | death_date = 22 Maay 1885 (da’ ahaan 83 sano) | death_place = [[Paris]], [[Faransiiska]] | occupation = [[gabayaa]], [[qoraa riwaayado]], [[qoraa sheekooyin]], [[qoraa maqaal]]o, u ololeeya xuquuqda aadanaha | movement = [[Romanticism|Romantikisam]] | signature = Victor Hugo Signature.svg | website = }} ​'''Victor Marie Hugo''' (26 Febraayo 1802 – 22 May 1885) wuxuu ahaa [[France|Faransiis]] [[abwaan]] ah, [[riwaayad-qore]], [[sheeko-faneed-qore]], [[hoggaamiye dowlad]] iyo [[xuquuqda aadanaha]] [[u-doodaha|u-doodahooda]]. Wuxuu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaray dhaqdhaqaaqii [[Romanticism|Romaantiigga]] ee Faransiiska. ​ Hugo wuxuu markii hore caan ku noqday Faransiiska [[gabayada|gabayadiisa]] darteed, iyo sidoo kale [[sheeko-faneed|sheeko-faneedyadiisa]] iyo [[riwaayad|riwaayadihiisa]]. ''[[Les Contemplations]]'' iyo ''[[La Légende des siècles]]'' ayaa ah ururinta gabayadiisa ugu caansan. Meel ka baxsan Faransiiska, sheeko-faneedyadiisa ''[[Les Misérables]]'' iyo ''Notre-Dame de Paris'' (ee af Ingiriisiga sidoo kale loogu yaqaanno ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]'') ayaa ah shaqooyinkiisa ugu caansan. ​Markii uu yaraa, wuxuu ahaa [[mushaar-doon]] [[boqortooyo-taageere]] ah. Markii uu weynaaday wuxuu noqday mid aad u [[Liberalism|xorriyad-u-dood]] ah oo taageera [[jamhuuriyadda]]. Shaqadiisu waxay ku saabsanayd qaar badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka [[Siyaasadda|siyaasadeed]] iyo kuwa [[bulsho]] iyo sidoo kale [[farshaxan|isbeddellada farshaxanka]] ee xilligiisii. Waxaa lagu aasay [[Panthéon]], ee [[Paris]]. ​ ==Nolosha== Victor Hugo wuxuu ahaa wiilka Joseph Léopold Sigisbert Hugo (1773–1828) iyo Sophie Trébuchet (1772-1821). Wuxuu lahaa laba walaalo ah oo ka weyn oo la kala oran jiray Abel Joseph Hugo (1798–1855) iyo Eugène Hugo (1800–1837). Wuxuu dhashay 1802, magaalada [[Besançon]] (ee gobolka [[Doubs]]). Hugo wuxuu ku noolaa [[France]] inta badan noloshiisa. Intii lagu jiray xukunkii [[Napoleon III of France|Napoleon III]] wuxuu aaday [[masaafuris]]. Sannadkii 1851, wuxuu ku noolaa [[Belgium]], magaalada [[Brussels]]. Wuxuu u guuray [[Jersey]] sannadkii 1852. Wuxuu halkaas joogay ilaa 1855 markaas oo uu aaday si uu u dego [[Guernsey]] ilaa 1870. Wuxuu haddana halkaas ku noolaa 1872-1873. Laga soo bilaabo 1859, masaafurintiisu waxay ahayd mid uu isagu doortay. ​Dhacdooyin waaweyn ayaa calaamadeeyay carruurnimadiisii hore. Sanado yar ka hor dhalashadiisa, [[House of Bourbon|Boqortooyadii Bourbon]] ayaa lagu riday [[French Revolution|Kacaankii Faransiiska]]. [[French First Republic|Jamhuuriyaddii Koowaad]] ayaa kacday oo dhacday, waxaana kacday [[First French Empire|Boqortooyadii Koowaad ee Faransiiska]] oo uu hoggaaminayay [[Napoleon I of France|Napoléon Bonaparte]]. Napoléon wuxuu noqday Boqor laba sano ka dib dhalashadii Hugo. Boqortooyadii Bourbon ayaa dib loo soo celiyay markii Hugo uu ahaa 17 jir. Waalidkiis waxay lahaayeen aragtiyo siyaasadeed iyo diimeed oo kala duwan. Hugo aabihiis wuxuu ahaa sarkaal. Wuxuu darajo sare ka gaaray ciidankii Napoléon. Wuxuu ahaa [[atheism|mulxid]] [[republicanism|jamhuuri]] ah, Napoléonna wuxuu u arkayay geesi. Hooyadiis waxay ahayd [[Roman Catholic Church|Kaatoolig]] aad u mayal adag oo [[House of Bourbon|Boqortooyada taageerta]]. Maadaama Hugo aabihiis uu sarkaal ahaa, qoysku waxay u guuri jireen si joogto ah. Victor Hugo wax badan ayuu ka bartay socdaalladaas. Wuxuu joogay [[Naples]] iyo [[Rome]] muddo lix bilood ah, ka hor inta uusan dib ugu laaban [[Paris]]. Markaas wuxuu ahaa shan jir qura, laakiin [[socdaalka|socdaalkaas]] si fiican ayuu u xusuustay. ​Hooyadiis, Sophie, waxay aaday [[Italy]] iyadoo la socota ninkeeda oo ahaa gudoomiye gobol u dhow Naples. Waxay sidoo kale aadeen [[Spain]] halkaas oo Joseph uu maamulayay saddex gobol oo Isbaanish ah. Sophie waxay si ku-meel-gaar ah uga go'day ninkeedii 1803, maadaama ay noloshaas dhib badnayd. Waxay degtay Paris. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inay iyadu maamushay waxbarashada Hugo. Sidaa darteed, shaqadii hore ee Hugo, gaar ahaan gabayada, waxay muujinayaan isaga oo [[ammaanaya]] [[boqortooyada]] iyo [[iimaanka masiixiga]]. [[The Revolutions of 1848 in France|Kacaankii 1848]] wuxuu ka dhigay Hugo mid ka fallaagooba waxbarashadiisii Kaatooligga iyo Boqortooyo-taageeridda ahayd. Kacaankaas ka dib, wuxuu doorbiday jamhuuriyadda iyo [[xorriyadda fikirka]]. ​Markii uu yaraa, Victor Hugo wuxuu galay jaceyl. Wuxuu si qarsoodi ah ugu guursaday saaxiibtiisii carruurnimada Adèle Foucher (1803-1868), isagoo ka soo horjeeda rabitaanka hooyadiis. ​Wuxuu guursaday Adèle 1822, ka dib dhimashadii hooyadiis ee 1821. Ilmihiisii ugu horreeyay, Léopold (oo dhashay 1823), wuxuu dhintay isagoo [[yar]]. Hugo wuxuu dhalay afar carruur ah oo kale oo la kala oron jiray [[Léopoldine Hugo|Léopoldine]] (28 Agoosto 1824), [[Charles Hugo|Charles]] (4 Noofambar 1826), [[François-Victor Hugo|François-Victor]] (28 Oktoobar 1828) iyo [[Adèle Hugo|Adèle]] (24 Agoosto 1830). Hugo wuxuu daabacay sheeko-faneedkiisii ugu horreeyay 1823 (''Han d'Islande''). Midkiisii labaad wuxuu soo baxay saddex sano ka dib (''[[Bug-Jargal]]'', 1826). Wuxuu daabacay shan mug oo gabayo ah (''[[Les Orientales]]'', 1829; ''Les Feuilles d'automne'', 1831; ''Les Chants du crépuscule'', 1835; ''Les Voix intérieures'', 1837; iyo ''Les Rayons et les ombres'', 1840) intii u dhaxaysay 1829 iyo 1840. Tani waxay gacan ka gaysatay sumcaddiisa mid ka mid ah abwaannada ugu weyn ee [[baroordiiqda]] iyo [[gabayada-murtida]] ee xilligiisa. ​Dhimashadii gabadhiisa ugu weynayd ee uu aadka u jeclaa, Léopoldine, waxay Hugo ka dhigtay mid aad u murugaysan. Waxay dhimatay iyadoo 19 jir ah, sannadkii 1843. Tani waxay dhacday waxyar ka dib [[guurkeeda]]. Waxay ku qarqantay [[Webiga Seine]] ee [[Villequier]]. [[Goonnadeeda]] cuslaa ayaa hoos u jiiday markii [[dooni]] ay rogmatay. Ninkeedii wuxuu dhintay isagoo isku dayaya inuu badbaadiyo. Wakhtigaas; Victor Hugo wuxuu koonfurta Faransiiska kula socdaalay saaxiibtiis. Wuxuu geerida Léopoldine ka bartay wargeys isagoo fadhiya [[kafeey]].<ref>''Victor Hugo, tome 1: Je suis une force qui va'' by Max Gallo, pub. Broché (2001)</ref> Wuxuu ku sifeeyay naxdintiisa iyo [[murugada]] gabaygiisa ''À Villequier'': ​<poem> ''Hélas ! vers le passé tournant un oeil d'envie,'' ''Sans que rien ici-bas puisse m'en consoler,'' ''Je regarde toujours ce moment de ma vie'' ''Où je l'ai vue ouvrir son aile et s'envoler !'' ​''Je verrai cet instant jusqu'à ce que je meure,'' ''L'instant, pleurs superflus !'' ''Où je criai : L'enfant que j'avais tout à l'heure,'' ''Quoi donc ! je ne l'ai plus !'' ​Alas! isagoo isha hinaasaha u jeedinaya xilligii hore, isagoon waxba halkan dunida guudkeeda kaga dabcaynin, waxaan weli eegayaa daqiiqaddaas noloshayda ka midka ah ee aan arkay iyadoo baalasheeda furaysa oo duulaysa! ​Daqiiqaddaas ayaan arki doonaa ilaa aan ka dhinto, daqiiqaddaas—oo ilmadu ay aad ugu badatay! markii aan ku qayliyey: "Ilmihii aan hadda lahaa-- waa sidee! mar dambe ma haysto!" </poem> ​Ka dib tan, wuxuu qoray gabayo badan oo ku saabsan nolosha iyo dhimashada gabadhiisa. Mid ka mid ah gabayadiisa ugu caansan waa malaha ''Demain, dès l'aube''. Gabaygan, wuxuu ku sifeeyay isagoo booqanaya qabrigeeda. ​ ==Qoraallada== [[François-René de Chateaubriand]], qoraaga caanka ah ee [[Romanticism|Romaantiigga]], ayaa saameyn ku yeeshay Hugo intii lagu jiray horraantii 1800-yadii. Markii Hugo uu yaraa, wuxuu yiri wuxuu noqon doonaa ''Chateaubriand ou rien'' (“Chateaubriand ama waxba”). Waxyaabo badan oo Chateaubriand sameeyay, Hugo wuxuu ka qaatay tusaale. Markii hore, wuxuu difaacay mabda'a Romaantiigga. Ka dib, wuxuu ku lug yeeshay siyaasadda oo uu taageeray [[Jamhuuriyadda]]. Ugu dambeyntii, waxaa lagu qasbay masaafuris sababo la xiriira aragtidiisa siyaasadeed. Xiisaha iyo aftahamada Hugo ee shaqadiisii hore waxay ka dhigtay mid guulaysta oo caan ah isagoo da' yar. Ururintiisii ugu horreysay ee gabayada (''[[Odes et poésies diverses]]'') waxaa la daabacay 1822. Wakhtigaas, Hugo wuxuu ahaa labaatan jir qura. Waxay u horseedday inuu ka helo ''lacag hawlgab ah'' (lacag boqorka ka timaada) boqorkii [[Louis XVIII of France|Louis XVIII]]. Gabayadiisa waa la la yaabay laakiin waxay ahayd ururintiisii xigtay, afar sano ka dib 1826 (''[[Odes et Ballades]]''), tii muujisay in Hugo uu yahay abwaan weyn. ​Shaqadii ugu horreysay ee qaan-gaarnimada ee Victor Hugo ee dhanka khayaaliga waxay soo baxday 1829. Waxay ka tarjumaysay xiisaha uu u hayo bulshada taas oo si weyn ugu soo muuqatay shaqadiisii dambe. ''Le Dernier jour d'un condamné'' (''[[The Last Day of a Condemned Man]]'') waxay saameyn weyn ku yeelatay qoraayadii dambe sida [[Albert Camus]], [[Charles Dickens]], iyo [[Fyodor Dostoevsky]]. ''[[Claude Gueux]]'' waxay soo baxday 1834. Waa sheeko gaaban oo dukumentari ah oo ku saabsan gacan-ku-dhiigle dhab ah oo lagu dilay Faransiiska. Hugo laftiisu wuxuu u tixgeliyey inay tahay [[horseedka]] shaqadiisa weyn ee ku saabsan caddaalad-darro bulshada, ''[[Les Misérables]]''. Laakiin sheeko-faneedkii ugu horreeyay ee guulaystay ee Hugo wuxuu ahaa ''Notre-Dame de Paris'' (''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]''), oo la daabacay 1831. Si degdeg ah ayaa loogu turjumay luqado kale oo Yurub oo dhan ah. Mid ka mid ah saamaynta sheeko-faneedku lahaa waxay ahayd in dadka deggan Paris ay dib u hagaajiyaan kaniisadda la dayacay ee [[Notre Dame de Paris|Cathedral of Notre Dame]], taas oo soo jiidanaysay kumanaan dalxiisayaal ah oo akhriyey sheeko-faneedka caanka ah. Buuggu wuxuu sidoo kale dhiirigeliyay qaddarin cusub oo loo hayo dhismayaashii ka horreeyay xilligii Renaissance-ka, kuwaas oo bilaabay in si firfircoon loo ilaaliyo. ​Hugo wuxuu bilaabay qorshaynta sheeko-faneed weyn oo ku saabsan dhibaatada bulshada iyo caddaalad-darrada horraantii 1830-yadii, laakiin waxay ku qaadatay 17 sano oo buuxda in ''[[Les Misérables]]'' la dhammaystiro oo ugu dambeyntii la daabaco 1862. Qoraagu wuxuu si weyn u ogaa tayada sheeko-faneedka, daabacaadda shaqaduna waxay u gacan gashay cidda bixisay qiimaha ugu sarreeya. Guriga daabacaadda ee Belgian Lacroix iyo Verboeckhoven ayaa sameeyay olole suuq-geyn oo aan caadi ahayn wakhtigaas, iyaga oo soo saaray war-saxaafadeedyo ku saabsan shaqada lix bilood ka hor intaan la soo saarin. Sidoo kale waxay markii hore daabaceen qaybtii hore ee sheeko-faneedka oo keliya (“Fantine”), taas oo isku mar laga soo saaray magaalooyinka waaweyn. Qaybaha buugga ayaa lagu iibsaday saacado gudahood, waxayna saameyn weyn ku yeesheen bulshada Faransiiska. Dadka wax naqdiya guud ahaan way ka hor yimaadeen sheeko-faneedka; [[Taine]] wuxuu u arkay mid aan daacad ahayn, [[Barbey d'Aurevilly]] wuxuu ka cabanayaa inuu yahay mid hooseeya, [[Flaubert]] wuxuu dhexdeeda ka helay "run iyo weynaan toona," walaalaha [[Goncourt brothers|Goncourts]] waxay cambaareeyeen farsamadiisa, iyo [[Baudelaire]] - in kasta oo uu dib-u-eegis wanaagsan ku siiyay wargeysyada - wuxuu si gaar ah ugu tilmaamay "mid aan dhadhan lahayn oo aan habboonayn." ''Les Misérables'' waxay u muuqatay mid ay dadku aad u jecel yihiin taas oo keentay in arrimihii ay iftiimisay dhowaan lagu daro ajandaha [[Golaha Qaranka]] ee Faransiiska. Maanta sheeko-faneedku wuxuu weli yahay shaqadiisa ugu caansan ee waarta. Waa mid caan ka ah adduunka oo dhan, waxaana loo habeeyay filimada, telefishanka iyo bandhigyada masraxa. ​Waraaqihii ugu gaabnaa taariikhda waxay dhex mareen Hugo iyo madbacaddiisa Hurst & Blackett sannadkii 1862. Waxaa la sheegaa in Hugo uu fasax ku jiray markii la daabacay Les Misérables (kaas oo ka badan 1200 bog). Wuxuu u soo diray farriin hal xaraf ah '?' madbacaddiisa, kuwaas oo ugu jawaabay hal '!' oo keliya.<ref>Walsh, William S: 'Handy-Book of Literary Curiosities'', page 600. Philadelphia: J.B. Lipincott Co, 1892.</ref> ​Hugo wuxuu ka weecday arrimaha bulshada ama siyaasadda sheeko-faneedkiisii xigay, ''Les Travailleurs de la Mer'' (''[[Toilers of the Sea]]''), oo la daabacay 1866. Weli, buugga si fiican ayaa loo soo dhaweeyay, malaha sababtoo ah guushii hore ee ''Les Misérables''. Waxaa loo hibeeyay jasiiradda marinka ee [[Guernsey]], halkaas oo uu ku qaatay shan iyo toban sano oo masaafuris ah, sheekada Hugo ee ku saabsan dagaalka ninka iyo badda iyo makhluuqaadka ku jira moolkeeda, waxay bilowday isbeddel aan caadi ahayn oo ka dhacay Paris: [[awaan|awaannada]]. Laga soo bilaabo suxuunta awaanka iyo bandhigyada, ilaa koofiyadaha awaanka iyo xafladaha, dadka reer Paris waxay aad u xiiseeyeen makhluuqaadkaas badda ee aan caadiga ahayn.<ref>{{cite book|title=Family guide : Paris.|date=2 April 2012|publisher=DK Pub.|location=London|isbn=9780756689568|pages=215|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KkT_9nZSJJEC&pg=PT215}}</ref> ​Hugo wuxuu dib ugu soo laabtay arrimaha siyaasadda iyo bulshada sheeko-faneedkiisii xigay, ''L'Homme Qui Rit'' (''[[The Man Who Laughs]]''), oo la daabacay 1869 uuna ku sawiray sawir naqdin leh oo ku saabsan dabaqadda sare (aristocracy). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheeko-faneedku ma guulaysan sidii dadaalladiisii hore, Hugo laftiisuna wuxuu bilaabay inuu ka faalloodo fogaanta sii kordhaysa ee u dhaxaysa isaga iyo asxaabtiisa suugaaneed ee casriga ah sida [[Flaubert]] iyo [[Émile Zola]], kuwaas oo sheeko-faneedyadooda [[realism (literature)|xaqiiqada]] iyo [[naturalism (literature)|dabeecadda]] ku dhisnaa ay hadda ka sarreeyeen caannimada shaqadiisa. Sheeko-faneedkiisii ugu dambeeyay, ''Quatre-vingt-treize'' (''[[Ninety-Three]]''), oo la daabacay 1874, wuxuu ku saabsanaa mawduuc uu Hugo markii hore iska ilaalin jiray: [[Reign of Terror|Xilligii Argagaxa]] intii lagu jiray [[French Revolution|Kacaankii Faransiiska]]. ​==Nolosha siyaasadeed iyo masaafurinta== Ka dib saddex isku day oo aan guulaysan, Hugo waxaa ugu dambeyntii loo doortay [[Académie française]] sannadkii 1841, isagoo xaqiijiyay booskiisa adduunka farshaxanka iyo suugaanta Faransiiska. Koox aqoonyahanno Faransiis ah, gaar ahaan [[Etienne de Jouy]], ayaa la dagaallamayay "horumarka romaantiigga" waxayna ku guulaysteen inay dib u dhigaan doorashada Victor Hugo.<ref>On the role of E. de Jouy against V.Hugo, see ''Les aventures militaires, littéraires et autres de Etienne de Jouy de l'Académie française'' by Michel Faul (Editions Seguier, France, 2009 {{ISBN|978-2-84049-556-7}})</ref> Taas ka dib wuxuu si sii kordhaysa ugu lug yeeshay siyaasadda Faransiiska. Waxaa darajada sare ee peer-ka u dallacsiiyay Boqor [[Louis-Philippe]] 1841 wuxuuna galay Rugta Sare isagoo ah ''[[pair de France]]'', halkaas oo uu kaga hadlay ka soo horjeedka [[ciqaabta dilka]] iyo caddaalad-darrada bulshada, isagoo taageerayay [[xorriyadda saxaafadda]] iyo [[is-maamulka]] [[Poland]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu sidoo kale noqonayay mid aad u taageera nidaamka dawladnimo ee Jamhuuriyadda, waxaana ka dib [[1848 Revolution|Kacaankii 1848]] iyo dhismihii [[French Second Republic|Jamhuuriyaddii Labaad]], loo doortay Golaha Dastuuriga ah iyo Golaha Sharciga. ​Markii Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III) uu qabsaday awoodda buuxda 1851, isagoo dhisay [[dastuur]] ka soo horjeeda [[baarlamaanka]], Hugo wuxuu si cad ugu dhawaaqay inuu yahay khaa'inul wadan u galay Faransiiska. Wuxuu u guuray [[Brussels]], ka dib [[Jersey]], ugu dambeyntiina wuxuu qoyskiisa kula deggay jasiiradda marinka ee [[Guernsey]] ee [[Hauteville House]], halkaas oo uu ku noolaa masaafuris ilaa 1870. ​Isagoo masaafur ku jira, Hugo wuxuu daabacay buug-yarayaashiisa siyaasadeed ee caanka ah ee ka dhanka ahaa Napoleon III, ''[[Napoléon le Petit]]'' iyo ''[[Histoire d'un crime]]''. Buug-yarayaashaas waa laga mamnuucay Faransiiska, laakiin haddana saameyn weyn ayay halkaas ku yeesheen. Wuxuu sidoo kale curiyay ama daabacay qaar ka mid ah shaqadiisii ugu wanaagsanayd intii uu joogay [[Guernsey]], oo ay ku jiraan ''[[Les Misérables]]'', iyo saddex ururin oo gabayo ah oo si weyn loo ammaanay (''[[Les Châtiments]]'', 1853; ''[[Les Contemplations]]'', 1856; iyo ''[[La Légende des siècles]]'', 1859). ​Wuxuu ku qanciyay dawladda [[Boqorad Victoria]] inay badbaadiyaan nolosha lix qof oo Irish ah oo lagu helay falal argagixisanimo, saamayntiisana waxaa loo aaneeyaa in ciqaabta dilka laga saaray dastuurrada [[Geneva]], [[Portugal]] iyo [[Colombia]].<ref>[http://expositions.bnf.fr/hugo/pedago/dossiers/mort/reperes/signe.htm Victor Hugo, l'homme océan]</ref> Wuxuu sidoo kale u duceeyay [[Benito Juarez]] inuu badbaadiyo boqorkii dhowaan la qabtay ee [[Maximilian I of Mexico]] laakiin waxba kama suuragelin. ​In kasta oo Napoleon III uu cafis u fidiyay dhammaan dadka siyaasadda u masaafuriyay 1859, Hugo wuxuu diiday, maadaama ay ka dhignaan lahayd inuu yareeyo naqdintiisa ku aadan dawladda. Waxay ahayd markii Napoleon III uu awoodda ka dhacay oo [[French Third Republic|Jamhuuriyaddii Saddexaad]] lagu dhawaaqay in Hugo uu ugu dambeyntii ku laabtay dalkiisii hooyo 1870, halkaas oo isla markiiba loo doortay Golaha Qaranka iyo Senetka. ​Wuxuu joogay Paris intii lagu jiray go'doomintii ay ciidamada Prussian-ka ku hayeen 1870, isagoo caan ku ahaa cunista xayawaanka la siiyay ee ka yimid beerta xayawaanka ee Paris. Markii go'doomintu sii socotay, oo cuntadu ay sii yaraatay, wuxuu ku qoray xusuus-qorkiisa inuu ku khasbanaaday "cunista wax aan la garanayn". ​Sababtoo ah walaaca uu ka qabo xuquuqda farshaxannada iyo [[xuquuqda qoraalka]], wuxuu ahaa xubin aasaasi ah oo ka tirsan [[Association Littéraire et Artistique Internationale]], taas oo keentay [[Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works|Heshiiskii Berne ee Ilaalinta Shaqooyinka Suugaanta iyo Farshaxanka]]. ​ ==Aragtida diimeed== Aragtida diimeed ee Hugo si xun ayay isu beddeshay intii ay noloshiisu socotay. Markii uu yaraa, wuxuu isu sheegi jiray inuu yahay [[Kaatoolig]] wuxuuna muujiyay ixtiraam loo hayo kala sarreynta iyo awoodda Kaniisadda. Halkaas wuxuu ka noqday Kaatoolig aan diinta ku dhaqmin, wuxuuna si sii kordhaysa u muujiyay aragtiyo ka soo horjeeda Kaatooligga. Wuxuu xiiso aan caadi ahayn u lahaa [[Spiritualism (religious movement)|Ruuxi-nimada]] intii uu masaafurka ku jiray (halkaas oo uu sidoo kale ka qayb qaatay fadhiyada [[ruux-u-yeerista]]), sanadihii dambena wuxuu ku degay [[Rationalist]] [[Deism]] oo la mid ah kii uu u doodi jiray [[Voltaire]]. Qof dadka tirinaya ayaa weydiiyay Hugo 1872 haddii uu yahay Kaatoolig, wuxuuna ugu jawaabay, "Maya. Waxaan ahay [[Freethought|Mufakir xor ah]]". ​Hugo marna ma lumin nacaybkii uu u qabay [[Roman Catholic Church|Kaniisadda Kaatooligga ee Roomaanka]], taas oo inta badan ka dhalatay waxa uu u arkay inay tahay danayn la'aanta Kaniisadda ee dhibaatada dabaqadda shaqaysata ee ku hoos jirtay cadaadiska boqortooyada; iyo malaha sidoo kale sababtoo ah inta jeer ee shaqada Hugo ay ka soo muuqatay liiska Baapa-ha ee "[[Index Librorum Prohibitorum|buugaagta mamnuuca ah]]" (Hugo wuxuu tiriyay 740 weerar oo lagu qaaday ''Les Misérables'' oo ku jiray saxaafadda Kaatooligga). Markii ay dhimanayeen wiilashiisa Charles iyo François-Victor, wuxuu ku adkaystay in lagu aaso iskutallaab ama wadaad la'aan, dardaarankiisana wuxuu ku daray isla shuruudaas dhimashadiisa iyo aaskiisa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in kasta oo Hugo uu aaminsanaa in [[dogma]]-da Kaatooligga ay tahay mid duug ah oo dhimanaysa, marna si toos ah uma weerarin hay'adda lafteeda. ​[[Rationalism]]-ka Hugo waxaa laga heli karaa gabayada sida ''Torquemada'' (1869, oo ku saabsan [[xagjirnimada diinta]]), ''The Pope'' (1878, [[wadaad-diid]]), ''Religions and Religion'' (1880, oo diidaya waxtarka kaniisadaha) iyo, kuwii la daabacay geeridiisa ka dib, ''The End of Satan'' iyo ''God'' (1886 iyo 1891 siday u kala horreeyaan, kuwaas oo uu [[Masiixiyadda]] ugu matalay sidii makhluuqa griffin-ka ah uuna [[Rationalism]]-ka ugu matalay sidii malag). ​ ==Victor Hugo iyo muusikada== In kasta oo kartida badan ee Hugo aysan ku jirin awood muusik oo aan caadi ahayn, haddana wuxuu saameyn weyn ku yeeshay adduunka muusikada iyada oo loo marayo dhiirigelinta aan dhammaadka lahayn ee shaqadiisu u fidisay curiyayaasha qarniyadii 19-aad iyo 20-aad. Hugo laftiisu wuxuu si gaar ah ugu raaxaysan jiray muusikada [[Gluck]] iyo [[Carl Maria von Weber|Weber]] wuxuuna aad u la yaabay [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]], si aan caadi ahaynna xilligiisii, wuxuu kaloo qaddarin jiray shaqooyinka curiyayaasha qarniyadii hore sida [[Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina|Palestrina]] iyo [[Monteverdi]]. Laba fannaan oo caan ah qarnigii 19-aad waxay saaxiib la ahaayeen Hugo: [[Berlioz]] iyo [[Liszt]]. Kan dambe wuxuu Beethoven ku garaacay guriga Hugo, Hugona wuxuu ku kaftamay warqad uu u qoray saaxiibkii in mahadnaqa casharradii biyaano ee Liszt, uu bartay sida loo garaaco hees uu jecel yahay biyaanada – xitaa haddii ay tahay hal far oo qura! Hugo wuxuu sidoo kale la shaqeeyay curiyaha [[Louise Bertin]], isagoo u qoray libretto loogu talagalay opera-deedii 1836 ee ''La Esmeralda'' taas oo ku salaysnayd jilaagii ku jiray ''The Hunchback of Notre Dame''.<ref>“Hugo à l'Opéra”, ed. Arnaud Laster, L'Avant-Scène Opéra, no. 208 (2002).</ref> In kasta oo sababo kala duwan awgood opera-du ay u xirantay waxyar ka dib bandhigeedii shanaad oo aan maanta si fiican loo aqoon, haddana waxay dhowaan helaysay soo noolayn, labadaba nooca riwaayadda biyaanada/heesta ah ee Liszt ee Festival international Victor Hugo et Égaux 2007<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.festival-victorhugo-egaux.fr/cadrefrefigur07.htm |title=Cette page utilise des cadres |access-date=2010-05-01 |archive-date=2008-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508142413/http://www.festival-victorhugo-egaux.fr/cadrefrefigur07.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> iyo nooca orkestrada buuxda ee lagu soo bandhigay bishii Luulyo 2008 ee Le Festival de Radio France et Montpellier Languedoc-Roussillon.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.festivalradiofrancemontpellier.com/2008/23-juillet-opera-laesmeralda-louise-bertin.php |title=23 juillet - Festival Radio France et Montpellier Languedoc Roussillon - classique - concert - opéra La Esmeralda Louise Bertin - direction Lawrence Foster - Orchestre Nationa... |access-date=2010-05-01 |archive-date=2008-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509154928/http://www.festivalradiofrancemontpellier.com/2008/23-juillet-opera-laesmeralda-louise-bertin.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​In ka badan kun curis muusik ah ayaa laga dhiirigeliyay shaqooyinkii Hugo laga soo bilaabo 1800-yadii ilaa maanta. Gaar ahaan, riwaayadaha Hugo, kuwaas oo uu ku diiday xeerarkii masraxa caadiga ahaa isagoo doorbiday riwaayadda romaantiigga, waxay soo jiiteen xiisaha curiyayaal badan oo u habeeyay sidii opera. In ka badan boqol opera ayaa ku salaysan shaqooyinka Hugo waxaana ka mid ah [[Donizetti]]’s ''[[Lucrezia Borgia (opera)|Lucrezia Borgia]]'' (1833), [[Verdi]]’s ''[[Rigoletto]]'' (1851) iyo Ernani (1844), iyo [[Ponchielli]]’s ''[[La Gioconda]]'' (1876). Sheeko-faneedyada Hugo iyo sidoo kale riwaayadihiisa waxay u noqdeen isha dhiirigelinta weyn ee muusikiistayaasha, iyaga oo ku kiciyay inay abuuraan ma aha oo kaliya opera iyo ballet laakiin masrax muusik sida [[Notre Dame de Paris (musical)|Notre-Dame de Paris]] iyo tan weligeed caanka ah ee [[Les Misérables (musical)|Les Misérables]], oo ah masraxa muusikada ee ugu muddada dheer [[London]] ee [[West End theatre]]. Waxaa intaas dheer, gabayada quruxda badan ee Hugo waxay soo jiiteen xiiso aan caadi ahayn oo ay u qabaan muusikiistayaasha, melodies badan ayaana lagu saleeyay gabayadiisa oo ay curiyeen fannaaniin ay ka mid yihiin Berlioz, [[Bizet]], [[Fauré]], [[Franck]], [[Lalo]], Liszt, [[Massenet]], [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]], [[Rachmaninov]] iyo [[Richard Wagner|Wagner]].<ref>“Hugo et la musique” in Pleins feux sur Victor Hugo, Arnaud Laster, [[Comédie-Française]] (1981)</ref> ​Maanta, shaqada Hugo waxay sii wadataa inay kiciso muusikiistayaasha si ay u abuuraan curisyo cusub. Tusaale ahaan, sheeko-faneedkii Hugo ee ka dhanka ahaa ciqaabta dilka, The Last Day of a Condemned Man, ayaa dhowaan loo habeeyay sidii opera uu qoray David Alagna (libretto-na waxaa qoray Frédérico Alagna). Walaalkood, tenor-ka [[Roberto Alagna]], ayaa bandhiggii ugu horreeyay ee opera-da ku qabtay Paris xagaagii 2007 iyo mar kale bishii Febraayo 2008 ee Valencia isaga iyo Erwin Schrott iyadoo qayb ka ah Festival international Victor Hugo et Égaux 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.festival-victorhugo-egaux.fr/Programme2008.htm |title=Festival Victor Hugo & Egaux 2008 |access-date=2010-05-01 |archive-date=2008-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080429182135/http://www.festival-victorhugo-egaux.fr/Programme2008.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gudaha Guernsey, labadii sanaba mar [http://www.vhfestival.com/ Victor Hugo International Music Festival] {{Wayback|url=http://www.vhfestival.com/ |date=20160613054712 }} wuxuu soo jiitaa muusikiistayaal fara badan iyo soo bandhigidda heeso si gaar ah looga codsaday [[Guillaume Connesson]] oo ku salaysan gabayada Hugo. ​ ==Sanadihii hoos u dhaca iyo geerida== Markii Hugo uu ku laabtay [[Paris]] 1870, dalku wuxuu u dabaaldegay sidii geesi qaran. In kasta oo uu caan ahaa, Hugo wuxuu ku guuldarraystay isku daygiisii ahaa in dib loogu doorto Golaha Qaranka 1872. Muddo kooban gudaheed, wuxuu la kulmay [[istaroog]] fudud, gabadhiisa Adèle oo la geeyay isbitaalka dadka dhimirka ka xanuunsan, iyo geerida labadiisa wiil. (Taariikh nololeedkii Adèle waxay dhiirigelisay filimka ''[[The Story of Adele H.]]'') Xaaskiisa Adèle waxay dhimatay 1868. Saaxiibtiisii aaminka ahayd, [[Juliette Drouet]], waxay dhimatay 1883, laba sano uun ka hor dhimashadiisa. In kasta oo uu lumiyay dadkiisii, Hugo wuxuu weli u hellanaa u-doodista isbeddelka siyaasadeed. 30kii Janaayo 1876 Hugo waxaa loo doortay Senetka cusub ee la dhisay. Wajigii ugu dambeeyay ee mustaqbalkiisa siyaasadeed waxaa loo arkaa mid fashilmay. Hugo wuxuu qaatay door ah qof iska madax bannaan (maverick) wax badanna kama uusan qaban Senetka. ​Bishii Febraayo 1881 Hugo wuxuu u dabaaldegay dhalashadiisa 79-aad. Si loo sharfo xaqiiqda ah inay u bilaabatay sannadkiisii siddeetanaad, mid ka mid ah abaal-marinnada ugu weyn ee loo sameeyo qoraa nool ayaa la qabtay. Dabaal-degyadu waxay bilowdeen 25-kii markii Hugo la guddoonsiiyay weelka Sèvres, oo ah hadiyadda dhaqanka u ah madaxda. 27-kii mid ka mid ah socodyadii ugu weynaa taariikhda Faransiiska ayaa la qabtay. Dadka soconayay waxay ka soo bilaabmeen Avenue d'Eylau, ilaa hoos ee [[Champs-Élysées]], iyo dhammaan jidka ilaa badhtamaha Paris. Dadka socday waxay socdeen lix saacadood si ay u ag maraan Hugo isagoo fadhiya daaqadda gurigiisa. Inji kasta iyo faahfaahin kasta oo dhacdadaas ka mid ah waxay ahayd mid Hugo loogu talagalay; hagayaashii rasmiga ahaa xitaa waxay xirnaayeen ubaxa cornflowers si loogu matalo heestii Cosette ee ''Les Misérables.'' ​Hugo wuxuu ku dhintay 22 May 1885 magaalada [[Paris]], [[France]] isagoo u dhintay caabuq, da'diisuna waxay ahayd 83 sano. Geeridiisu waxay dhalisay baroor-diiq qaran oo aad u xooggan. Looma arkayn oo keliya shaqsi ka dhex muuqda suugaanta, wuxuu ahaa nin dawladeed oo qaabeeyay [[French Third Republic|Jamhuuriyadda Saddexaad]] iyo [[dimuqraadiyadda]] Faransiiska. In ka badan laba milyan oo qof ayaa ku biiray socodkii aaskiisa ee [[Paris]] laga soo bilaabo [[Arc de Triomphe]] ilaa [[Panthéon]], halkaas oo lagu aasay. Wuxuu qabri kula wadaagaa gudaha Panthéon [[Alexandre Dumas, père]] iyo Émile Zola. Inta badan magaalooyinka waaweyn ee Faransiiska waxay leeyihiin waddo loogu magac daray isaga. Waddada uu ku dhintay, ee Paris, hadda waxay sidataa magaciisa. ​ ==Sawirrada== Dad badan ma oga in Hugo uu ku dhowaad u farshaxan badnaa dhanka muuqaalka sidii uu u ahaa dhanka suugaanta, isagoo soo saaray in ka badan 4,000 oo sawir noloshiisa intii ay jirtay. Markii hore wuxuu u sameyn jiray sidii hiwaayad, sawir-gacmeedku wuxuu noqday mid muhiim u ah Hugo wax yar ka hor masaafurintiisa, markii uu qaatay go'aanka ah inuu joojiyo qoraalka si uu isugu dhiibo siyaasadda. Sawir-gacmeedku wuxuu noqday halka keliya ee uu ka soo saaro hal-abuurkiisa muddadii 1848-1851. ​Hugo wuxuu ku shaqayn jiray warqad keliya, iyo cabbir yar; badanaa wuxuu isticmaali jiray midabka bunni madow ama madow ee [[pen and ink|qalin-iyo-khad]], mararka qaarna wuxuu ku dari jiray taabasho cad, mar dhif ahna midab. Sawirradii ka haray waa kuwo si la yaab leh loo dhammaystiray oo "casri" ku ah qaabkooda iyo fulintooda, iyagoo sii odorosaya farsamooyinka tijaabada ah ee [[Surrealism]] iyo [[Abstract Expressionism]]. ​Kama labalabayn jirin inuu isticmaalo stencils-ka carruurtiisa, dhibcaha khadka, wasakhda, raadadka shalashka, "pliage" ama laablaabista, "grattage" ama xoqidda, isagoo inta badan isticmaali jiray dhuxusha ka timaada qoryaha kabriidka ama farahiisa beddelka qalinka ama buraashka. Mararka qaarna wuxuu xitaa ku dhex tuuri jiray kafee ama qiiq si uu u helo saamaynta uu rabo. Waxaa la sheegay in Hugo uu inta badan ku sawiri jiray gacantiisa bidix ama isagoo aan eegin bogga, ama inta lagu jiro fadhiyada [[ruux-u-yeerista]], si uu u galo [[maskaxda miyir-qabka ka hooseysa]], oo ah fikrad dhowaan ka dib uu caan ka dhigay [[Sigmund Freud]]. ​Hugo wuxuu farshaxankiisa ka qarin jiray indhaha dadweynaha, isagoo ka cabsanaya inay hadhayso shaqadiisa suugaanta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu ku raaxaysan jiray inuu sawirradiisa la wadaago qoyskiisa iyo saaxiibadiisa, badanaa qaabka kaararka booqashada ee lagu sameeyay gacanta, kuwaas oo qaar badan oo ka mid ah hadiyad ahaan loo siiyay booqdayaasha markii uu ku jiray masaafurinta siyaasadeed. Qaar ka mid ah shaqadiisa waxaa la tusay, oo ay qaddariyeen, fannaaniintii xilligaas sida [[Vincent van Gogh|Van Gogh]] iyo [[Delacroix]]; kan dambe wuxuu muujiyay ra'yiga ah in haddii Hugo uu go'aansan lahaa inuu noqdo rinjiye halkii uu qoraa ka noqon lahaa, uu ka dhex muuqan lahaa fannaaniinta qarnigooda. ​'''Sawirada:''' <gallery perrow="5"> File:Victor_Hugo-Setting_Sun.jpg|''Crépuscule'' ("Gadh-madoobaad"), Jersey, 1853-1855. File:Victor_Hugo-Bridge.jpg|''Ville avec le pont de Tumbledown'', 1847. File:Victor_Hugo-Octopus.jpg|''Pieuvre avec les initales V.H.'', ("Awaan leh xarfaha hore ee V.H."), 1866. File:Le Rocher de l'Ermitage.jpg|''Le Rocher de l'Ermitage dans un paysage imaginaire'' ("Dhagaxa Ermitage ee muuqaal khayaali ah") File:Hugo.jpg|''Le phare'' ("Guriga iftiinka/Laydhka badda") </gallery> ​ ==Xusuus-qoryada== ​ Dadka dega [[Guernsey]] waxay ka dhisneen taalada Candie Gardens ([[St. Peter Port]]) si ay u xusuustaan joogitaankiisii jasiiradaha. [[Paris|Magaalada Paris]] waxay ilaalisay hoygiisii [[Hauteville House]], [[Guernsey]] iyo 6, Place des Vosges sidii matxafyo. Gurigii uu degganaa ee [[Vianden]], Luxembourg, sannadkii 1871 isna wuxuu noqday matxaf. ​Hugo waxaa loo weyneeyaa sidii [[awliyo]] ahaan diinta dadka reer [[Vietnam]] ee [[Cao Dai]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/caodaism.htm| title=Caodaism : A Vietnamese centred religion| accessdate=2009-05-08| archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68cxB3kTt?url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/caodaism.htm| archivedate=2012-06-23| url-status=live}}</ref> ​Waddada [[Avenue Victor-Hugo (Paris)|Avenue Victor-Hugo]] ee ku taal degmada [[Paris 16e|XVIème]] ee Paris waxay sidataa magaca Hugo, waxayna isku xirtaa Place de l'Étoile iyo agagaarka [[Bois de Boulogne]] iyadoo sii marta Place Victor-Hugo. Fagaarahan waxaa u adeega [[Paris Métro]] [[Victor Hugo (Paris Métro)|istaag]] isna loogu magac daray isaga. Tiro waddooyin iyo jidad ah oo ku yaal Faransiiska oo dhan ayaa sidoo kale loogu magac daray isaga. Iskuulka Lycée Victor Hugo waxaa laga aasaasay magaaladii uu ku dhashay ee [[Besançon]] ee Faransiiska. Avenue Victor-Hugo, oo ku taal [[Shawinigan]], [[Quebec]], [[Canada]], waxaa loogu magac daray in lagu sharfo isaga. ​Magaalada [[Avellino]], ee [[Italy]], Victor Hugo wuxuu si kooban u joogay waxa hadda loo yaqaanno Il Palazzo Culturale, markii uu la midoobayay aabbihiis, Leopold Sigisbert Hugo, sannadkii 1808. Victor wuxuu hadhow ka qori lahaa joogitaankiisii koobnaa ee halkaas isagoo soo xiganaya "C’était un palais de marbre...". Magaalada [[Edinburgh]], ee [[Scotland]] waxaa ku yaal dukaan raashinka fudud (delicatessen) oo loo bixiyay Victor Hugo Delicatessen, waxaa markii hore maamuli jiray lamaane Faransiis ah laakiin waxaa la iibsaday 2005. Dukaanku wuxuu ku yaal Melville Terrace, isagoo eegaya seeraha (meadows) kuna dhow kuleejka degaanka ee [[University of Edinburgh]], [[Sciennes]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.victorhugodeli.com/index.html |title=Victor@Teyon'sHugoDeli.com |access-date=2010-05-01 |archive-date=2010-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100306024506/http://www.victorhugodeli.com/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​ ==Shaqooyinka== ===Kuwa la daabacay intii uu Hugo noolaa=== ​ ''[[Odes et poésies diverses]]'' (1822) ​''[[Odes (Hugo)]]'' (1823) ​''[[Han d'Islande]]'' (1823) (''Hans of Iceland'') ​''[[Nouvelles Odes]]'' (1824) ​''[[Bug-Jargal]]'' (1826) ​''[[Nils Gunnar Lie's history]]'' (1826) ​''[[Odes et Ballades]]'' (1826) ​''[[Cromwell (play)|Cromwell]]'' (1827) ​''[[Les Orientales]]'' (1829) ​''Le Dernier jour d'un condamné'' (1829) (''[[The Last Day of a Condemned Man]]'') ​''[[Hernani (drama)|Hernani]]'' (1830) ​''Notre-Dame de Paris'' (1831), (''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]'') ​''[[Marion Delorme (Hugo)|Marion Delorme]]'' (1831) ​''[[Les Leaves d'automne]]'' (1831) ​''[[Le roi s'amuse]]'' (1832) ​''[[Lucrèce Borgia]]'' (1833) (''[[Lucretia Borgia]]'') ​''[[Marie Tudor]]'' (1833) ​''[[Littérature et philosophie mêlées]]'' (1834) ​''[[Claude Gueux]]'' (1834) ​''[[Angelo (play)|Angelo, tyran de padoue]]'' (1835) ​''[[Les Chants du crépuscule]]'' (1835) ​''[[La Esmeralda (only libretto of an opera written by Victor Hugo himself)]]'' (1836) ​''[[Les Voix intérieures]]'' (1837) ​''[[Ruy Blas]]'' (1838) ​''[[Les Rayons et les ombres]]'' (1840) ​''[[Le Rhin]]'' (1842) ​''[[Les Burgraves]]'' (1843) ​''[[Napoléon le Petit]]'' (1852) ​''[[Les Châtiments]]'' (1853) ​''[[Les Contemplations]]'' (1856) ​''[[Les TRYNE]]'' (1856) ​''[[La Légende des siècles]]'' (1859) ​''[[Les Misérables]]'' (1862) ​''[[William Shakespeare (essay)|William Shakespeare]]'' (1864) ​''[[Les Chansons des rues et des bois]]'' (1865) ​''Les Travailleurs de la Mer'' (1866), (''[[Toilers of the Sea]]'') ​''[[La voix de Guernsey]]'' (1867) ​''L'Homme qui rit'' (1869), (''[[The Man Who Laughs]]'') ​''[[L'Année terrible]]'' (1872) ​''[[Quatrevingt-treize]]'' (''[[Ninety-Three]]'') (1874) ​''[[Mes Fils]]'' (1874) ​''[[Actes et paroles]] — [[Avant l'exil]]'' (1875) ​''Actes et paroles - [[Pendant l'exil]]'' (1875) ​''Actes et paroles - [[Depuis l'exil]]'' (1876) ​''La Légende des Siècles 2e série'' (1877) ​''[[L'Art d'être grand-père]]'' (1877) ​''[[Histoire d'un crime]]'' 1re partie (1877) ​''Histoire d'un crime'' 2e partie (1878) ​''[[Le Pape]]'' (1878) ​''[[La pitié suprême]]'' (1879) ​''[[Religions et religion]]'' (1880) ​''[[L'Âne]]'' (1880) ​''[[Les Quatres vents de l'esprit]]'' (1881) ​''[[Torquemada (play)|Torquemada]]'' (1882) ​''La Légende des siècles'' Tome III (1883) ​''[[L'Archipel de la Manche]]'' (1883) ​'''[[Poems of Victor Hugo]]''' ​===Kuwa la daabacay Hugo geeridiisa ka dib=== ​''Théâtre en liberté'' (1886) ​''[[La fin de Satan]]'' (1886) ​''Choses vues'' (1887) ​''Toute la lyre'' (1888) ​''Amy Robsart'' (1889) ​''Les Jumeaux'' (1889) ​''Actes et Paroles'' Depuis l'exil, 1876-1885 (1889) ​''Alpes et Pyrénées'' (1890) ​''Dieu'' (1891) ​''France et Belgique'' (1892) ​''Toute la lyre - dernière série'' (1893) ​''Les fromages'' (1895) ​''Correspondences - Tome I'' (1896) ​''Correspondences - Tome II'' (1898) ​''Les années funestes'' (1898) ​''Choses vues - nouvelle série'' (1900) ​''Post-scriptum de ma vie'' (1901) ​''Dernière Gerbe'' (1902) ​''Mille francs de récompense'' (1934) ​''Océan. Tas de pierres'' (1942) ​''L'Intervention'' (1951) ​[[Conversations with Eternity]] ​ ===Qoraallada online-ka ah=== ​[https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3Avictor%20hugo%20-contributor%3Agutenberg%20AND%20mediatype%3Atexts Shaqooyinka Victor Hugo] ee [[Internet Archive]] ​[http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/search?amode=start&author=Hugo%2c%20Victor Shaqooyinka Victor Hugo] ee [[The Online Books Page]] ​[http://www.ellopos.net/politics/eu_hugo.html Khudbadaha siyaasadeed ee Victor Hugo: Aargoosigaygu waa Walaalnimo!] ​[http://www.gavroche.org/vhugo/vhpoetry/ Gabayada la doortay] ​[http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/EUhugo.htm Taariikh nololeedka iyo khudbadii 1851] ​[https://books.google.com/books?id=xREYAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA207 Wararka geerida] ee ''[[The Times]]'' ​ ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ​ ===Tixraacyada online-ka ah=== ​ Afran, Charles (1997). [http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Theatre/Hugo/hugo.shtml “Victor Hugo: French Dramatist”]. Mareegta: Discover France. (Asal ahaan lagu daabacay ''Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia'', 1997, v.9.0.1.) Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Bates, Alfred (1906). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo001.html “Victor Hugo”]. Mareegta: Theatre History. (Asal ahaan lagu daabacay ''The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization'', vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp. 11–13.) Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Bates, Alfred (1906). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo006.html “Hernani”]. Mareegta: Theatre History. (Asal ahaan lagu daabacay ''The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization'', vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp. 20–23.) Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Bates, Alfred (1906). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo005.html “Hugo’s Cromwell”]. Mareegta: Theatre History. (Asal ahaan lagu daabacay ''The Drama: Its History, Literature and Influence on Civilization'', vol. 9. ed. Alfred Bates. London: Historical Publishing Company, 1906. pp. 18–19.) Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Bittleston, Misha (taariikh la'aan). [http://www.mishabittleston.com/artists/victor_hugo/ "Drawings of Victor Hugo"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mishabittleston.com/artists/victor_hugo/ |date=20100322220758 }}. Mareegta: Misha Bittleston. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Burnham, I.G. (1896). [http://www.theatrehistory.com/french/hugo008.html “Amy Robsart”]. Mareegta: Theatre History. (Asal ahaan lagu daabacay ''Victor Hugo: Dramas''. Philadelphia: The Rittenhouse Press, 1896. pp. 203–6, 401-2.) Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2001-05). [http://aol.bartleby.com/65/hu/Hugo-Vic.html “Hugo, Victor Marie, Vicomte”]. Mareegta: Bartleby, Great Books Online. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Haine, W. Scott (1997). [http://www.cats.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/dh/hugo.htm “Victor Hugo”] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cats.ohiou.edu/~Chastain/dh/hugo.htm |date=20080411025136 }}. Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions. Mareegta: Ohio University. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Illi, Peter (2001-2004). [http://www.hugo-online.org/050000.htm “Victor Hugo: Plays”] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hugo-online.org/050000.htm |date=20090415135602 }}. Mareegta: The Victor Hugo Website. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Karlins, N.F. (1998). [http://www.artnet.com/Magazine/features/karlins/karlins5-5-98.asp "Octopus With the Initials V.H."] Mareegta: ArtNet. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Liukkonen, Petri (2000). [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/vhugo.htm “Victor Hugo (1802-1885)”]. Books and Writers. Mareegta: Pegasos: A Literature Related Resource Site. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Meyer, Ronald Bruce (2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20060508103328/http://www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com/rants/0226almanac.htm “Victor Hugo”]. Mareegta: Ronald Bruce Meyer. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Robb, Graham (1997). [https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/r/robb-hugo.html “A Sabre in the Night”]. Mareegta: New York Times (Books). (Laga soo qaatay Graham, Robb (1997). ''Victor Hugo: A Biography''. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.) Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Roche, Isabel (2005). [http://www.barnesandnoble.com/writers/writerdetails.asp?cid=30497 “Victor Hugo: Biography”]. Meet the Writers. Mareegta: [[Barnes & Noble]]. (Laga soo qaatay Barnes & Noble Classics daabacaadda ''The Hunchback of Notre Dame'', 2005.) Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Qoraa aan la sheegin. [http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/EUhugo.htm “Victor Hugo”]. Mareegta: Spartacus Educational. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Qoraa aan la sheegin. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2004/09/20/victor_hugo_timeline_feature.shtml “Timeline of Victor Hugo”]. Mareegta: BBC. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Qoraa aan la sheegin. (2000-2005). [http://www.online-literature.com/victor_hugo/ “Victor Hugo”]. Mareegta: The Literature Network. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​Qoraa aan la sheegin. [http://www.victorhugo.education.fr/ressources/caricature.htm "Hugo Caricature"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.victorhugo.education.fr/ressources/caricature.htm |date=20020128084404 }}. Mareegta: Présence de la Littérature a l’école. Dib loo helay Noofambar 2005. ​ ==Akhris dheeraad ah== ​ Barbou, Alfred (1882). ''Victor Hugo and His Times''. University Press of the Pacific: 2001 daabacaadda warqadda ah. ​Barnett, Marva A., ed. (2009). ''Victor Hugo on Things That Matter: A Reader''. New Haven, CT: [[Yale University Press]]. ​Brombert, Victor H. (1984). ''Victor Hugo and the Visionary Novel''. Boston: [[Harvard University Press]]. ​Davidson, A.F. (1912). ''Victor Hugo: His Life and Work''. University Press of the Pacific: 2003 daabacaadda warqadda ah. ​Dow, Leslie Smith (1993). ''Adele Hugo: La Miserable''. Fredericton: Goose Lane Editions. ​Falkayn, David (2001). ''Guide to the Life, Times, and Works of Victor Hugo''. University Press of the Pacific. ​[[Feller, Martin]], ''Der Dichter in der Politik. Victor Hugo und der deutsch-französische Krieg von 1870/71. Untersuchungen zum französischen Deutschlandbild und zu Hugos Rezeption in Deutschland.'' Doctoral Dissertation, Marburg 1988. ​Frey, John Andrew (1999). ''A Victor Hugo Encyclopedia''. Greenwood Press. ​Grant, Elliot (1946). ''The Career of Victor Hugo''. [[Harvard University Press]]. Gebi ahaanba waa dhammaaday. ​Halsall, A.W. et al. (1998). ''Victor Hugo and the Romantic Drama''. [[University of Toronto Press]]. ​Hart, Simon Allen (2004). ''Lady in the Shadows: The Life and Times of Julie Drouet, Mistress, Companion and Muse to Victor Hugo.'' Publish American. ​Houston, John Porter (1975). ''Victor Hugo''. New York: Twayne Publishers. ​Hovasse, Jean-Marc (2001), ''Victor Hugo: Avant l'exil''. Paris: Fayard. ​Hovasse, Jean-Marc (2008), ''Victor Hugo: Pendant l'exil I''. Paris: Fayard. ​Ireson, J.C. (1997). ''Victor Hugo: A Companion to His Poetry''. Clarendon Press. ​Laster, Arnaud (2002). ''Hugo à l'Opéra''. Paris: L'Avant-Scène Opéra, no. 208. ​Maurois, Andre (1956). ''Olympio: The Life of Victor Hugo''. New York: Harper & Brothers. ​Maurois, Andre (1966). ''Victor Hugo and His World''. London: Thames and Hudson. Gebi ahaanba waa dhammaaday. ​Pouchain, Gérard and Robert Sabourin (1992). ''Juliette Drouet, ou, La dépaysée''. Paris: Fayard. ​Robb, Graham (1997). ''Victor Hugo: A Biography''. W.W. Norton & Company: 1999 daabacaadda warqadda ah. ​Tonazzi, Pascal (2007) ''Florilège de Notre-Dame de Paris (anthologie)'' Paris, Editions Arléa {{ISBN|978-2-86959-795-2}} ​ ==Mareegaha kale== {{wikiquote}} {{Commons category|Victor Hugo}} ​[http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255 Faransiiska Victor Hugo] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255 |date=20170329135841 }} ​[http://www.victorhugo.gg Mareegta rasmiga ah ee Guernsey ee Victor Hugo] {{Wayback|url=http://www.victorhugo.gg/ |date=20080408091638 }} ​[http://www.vhfestival.com Guernsey’s Victor Hugo International Music Festival] {{Wayback|url=http://www.vhfestival.com/ |date=20160613054712 }} ​[http://www.gavroche.org/vhugo Victor Hugo Central] ​[http://www.intratext.com/Catalogo/Autori/AUT187.HTM Shaqooyinka Victor Hugo]: qoraalka, iswaafajinta iyo liisaska inta jeer ee la isticmaalo ​[http://greatcaricatures.com/articles_galleries/gill/galleries/html/1867_0519_hugo.html 1867 Sawir-gacmeedka Victor Hugo ee André Gill] ​[http://www.3dsrc.com/victorhugo/ Victor Hugo le dessinateur] ​[http://uclue.com/?xq=924 Turjumaadda qoraalka Victor Hugo ee laga helay "Hunchback of Notre Dame," daabacaadda Faransiiska] {{Wayback|url=http://uclue.com/?xq=924 |date=20170328105055 }} ​[http://poemsintranslation.blogspot.com/2009/06/victor-hugo-at-dawn-tomorrow-from.html Turjumaadda Ingiriisiga ee Hugo's ''At Dawn Tomorrow'' (''Demain, dès l'aube'')] ​[http://www.consolatio.com/2005/02/tomorrow_as_soo.html Turjumaad kale oo Ingiriisi ah ee ''Demain, dès l'aube''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.consolatio.com/2005/02/tomorrow_as_soo.html |date=20100115044313 }} ​[http://www.consolatio.com/2005/01/at_villequier.html Turjumaadda Ingiriisiga ee Hugo's ''A Villequier''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.consolatio.com/2005/01/at_villequier.html |date=20090305031141 }} ​[http://www.consolatio.com/2005/04/oh_i_was_like_a.html Turjumaadda Ingiriisiga ee Hugo's ''Oh ! je fus comme fou dans le premier moment'' ('Oh! Waxaan ahaa sidii nin waalan daqiiqaddii ugu horreysay') ee ku saabsan dhimashadii gabadhiisa Léopoldine]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Todobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ​[http://www.victorhugo.asso.fr/ Mareegta rasmiga ah ee Société des Amis de Victor Hugo] {{Wayback|url=http://www.victorhugo.asso.fr/ |date=20080411175635 }} ​[http://www.festival-victorhugo-egaux.fr/ Mareegta rasmiga ah ee Festival international Victor Hugo et Égaux] ​[http://soviet-empire.politicsforum.org/ussr/viewtopic.php?f=118&t=47140 Turjumaadda Halyeeyga Victor Hugo ee Paul Lafargue]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ​{{S-start}}{{succession box| title= [[List of members of the Académie française#Seat 14|Kursiga 14aad]] [[Académie française]] | years=1841–1885 | before= [[Népomucène Lemercier]] | after= [[Charles Leconte de Lisle]] }} {{End}} ​{{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Hugo, Victor}} em93y42aklcqfcy91szyq4lvpygzsdl 0 48307 305729 300232 2026-08-24T04:32:45Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305729 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox body of water | name = Bizerte Lake | image = Lac de Bizerte 3.jpg | location = [[Bizerte Governorate]] | basin_countries = {{Flag|Tunisia}} | type = [[Lake|Haro]] | area = {{convert|120|km2|abbr=on}} | depth = {{convert|12|m|abbr=on}} | alt = A green field stretches towards a distant body of water under a clear blue sky. }} '''Bizerte Lake''' waa haro ku taal waqooyiga [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=بنزرت |url=https://www.reseau-euromed.org/ar/ville-membre/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%AA/ |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=Euromed |language=ar}}</ref> Waxaa ku shuba dhowr webi oo ka yimaada biyo-qabatinka baaxadda weyn. Biyo-qabatinka waxaa sanadahaan dambe si weyn u saameeyey isbeddellada cimilada iyo kordhinta dhaqdhaqaaqyada dhaqaalaha, kuwaas oo ah qodobbada ugu waaweyn ee saameeya socodka biyaha ee ku qulqula harada.<ref>[[lofc:subjects/sh90001509.html|“Information about Lake Bizerte on id.loc.gov”. id.loc.gov.]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20201103221117/https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh90001509.html Archived] from the original on 2020-11-03.</ref> Natiijo ahaan, haradu waxay la dhibtoonaysaa wasakhowga warshadaha. Intaa waxaa dheer, haradu waxay u adeegtaa sidii deked dhaqaale oo ay leedahay magaalada [[Bizerte Governorate|Bizerte]]. Haradu waxay ku fadhidaa aag dhan 120 kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran, celcelis ahaan moolkeeduna waa 7 mitir, iyadoo moolkeedu uu gaaro ilaa 12 mitir meelaha qaar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bizerte Parc d'activités économiques de Bizerte |url=https://www.paeb.tn/ar/bizerte.php |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=www.paeb.tn}}</ref> Harada Bizerte waxay hoy u tahay laba dekedood: tan koowaad waxay ku taal waqooyi-bari, halka tan labaadna ay ku taal koonfur-galbeed ee [[Menzel Bourguiba]], halkaas oo laga helo meelaha maraakiibta lagu farsameeyo. Intaa waxaa dheer, gobolku wuxuu ku hawlan yahay dhaqdhaqaaqyada aquaculture (taranka noolaha biyaha), in kasta oo kuwani ay si tartiib ah u horumareen. Dhanka waqooyi-galbeed, waxaa jira hawlgal [[fish farming|kalluun-taris]] ah, halka dhanka waqooyi-bari ay jirto warshad firfircoon oo soo ururisa qolofleyda, iyadoo soo saarta qiyaastii 120 tan oo [[Oyster|lohod]] iyo [[Mytilus (bivalve)|moolis]] ah sannadkii.<ref name=":0" /> Haradu waxay ku dhex taal deegaan magaalo iyo mid warshadeed ah. Magaalooyinka [[Bizerte Governorate|Bizerte]], [[Menzel Bourguiba]], [[Menzel Abderrahmane|Menzel Abderrahman]], iyo [[Menzel Jemil]], oo ku yaal hareeraha xeebta harada, waxay wadajir u haysataa dalka in ka badan 200,000 oo dadka deegaanka ah. Dhaqaalaha gobolku wuxû ku salaysan yahay warshadaha. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah dhismaha birta ee [[Menzel Bourguiba]], [[oil refinery|shidaal sifayn]] oo ku taal Bizerte oo ay maamusho shirkadda STIR, xarun loogu talagalay habaynta saliidaha la isticmaalay oo ay leedahay shirkadda Sotulub, iyo warshadda sibidhka (Bizerte Cement). Intaa waxaa dheer, aag ganacsi oo xor ah ayaa ku yaal hareeraha xeebaha harada.<ref>{{Cite web |title="إتفاق بحيرة بنزرت" خطوة نحو تحقيق التنمية المستدامة مبادرة أفق 2020 تعزز مشاركة أصحاب المصلحة من أجل الإدارة المتكاملة لبحيرة بنزرت في تونس |url=https://www.h2020.net/ar/news-and-events/news/415-the-lake-bizerte-charter-a-step-towards-its-sustainable-development-horizon-2020-enhances-stakeholder-participation-for-the-integrated-management-of-lake-bizerte-in-tunisia |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=www.h2020.net |archive-date=2024-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240827151130/https://www.h2020.net/ar/news-and-events/news/415-the-lake-bizerte-charter-a-step-towards-its-sustainable-development-horizon-2020-enhances-stakeholder-participation-for-the-integrated-management-of-lake-bizerte-in-tunisia |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Lacs Tunis, Bizerte, Ichkeul.jpg|center|thumb|542x542px|Sawirka dayax-gacmeedka oo muujinaya Harada Bizerte (bartamaha sare) ee waqooyi-bari Tunisia]] == Sidoo kale eeg== {{Portal bar|Lakes|Geography}} == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} {{coord|37|11|18|N|9|51|14|E|display=title|region:TN_type:waterbody}} 4u1kphgcg9kxvj13ci40vsy158lu8al 0 48317 305695 301205 2026-08-24T01:00:31Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305695 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Ayaa Irene.jpg|thumb|Ayaa Irene, Agaasimaha AMDISS oo jeedinaysa hadallada furitaanka ee aqoon-is-weydaarsiga Hannaanka Samaynta Dastuurka ee Quality Hotel, Juba, Koonfurta Suudaan]] '''Ayaa Irene Lokang,''' waa saxafiyad dumar ah oo u dhalatay [[South Sudanese|Koonfurta Suudaan]] isla markaana ah u ololeeye xuquuqda warbaahinta. Waxay dhalatay 8 May 1985. Irene waxay hadda tahay Agaasimaha [[Association for Media Development in South Sudan]] (AMDISS),<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-18 |title=Director of the Association for Media Development in South Sudan, Ayaa Irene who also doubles as the Chairperson for the Female Journalists’ Network -FJN, officially inaugurated the second Annual General Meeting (#AGM) for the network. – AMDISS Media |url=https://amdissmedia.net/2024/07/18/director-of-the-association-for-media-development-in-south-sudan-ayaa-irene-who-also-doubles-as-the-chairperson-for-the-female-journalists-network-fjn-officially-inaugurated-the-second-annual-gen/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Press Release/Articles – AMDISS Media |url=https://amdissmedia.net/news-and-events/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |language=en-US}}</ref> oo ah urur qaran oo u ololeeya xuquuqda warbaahinta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-30 |title=AMDISS deeply concerned about deteriorating media space in South Sudan |url=https://www.africafex.org/country-highlights/amdiss-deeply-concerned-about-deteriorating-media-space-in-south-sudan |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=African Freedom of Expression Exchange |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Association for Media Development in South Sudan (AMDISS) concerned over confiscation of journalists' equipment |url=https://dr.211check.org/slug/association-for-media-development-in-south-sudan-amdiss-concerned-over-confiscation-of-journalists-equipment/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=Document Repository |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Todobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ninrew |first=Chany |date=2023-07-25 |title=Media pundit cautions student journalists to "fear AI" |url=https://www.eyeradio.org/media-pundit-cautions-student-journalists-to-fear-ai/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Eye Radio |language=en-US}}</ref> laga bilaabo sannadka 2025. ==Waxbarashada== Ayaa Irene waxay waxbarashadeedii dugsiga sare ku qaadatay City View High School, kadibna waxay ku biirtay [[Kampala International University]] (KIU), halkaas oo ay sanadkii 2010 ka qaadatay shahaadada koowaad ee jaamacadda ee Isgaarsiinta Dadweynaha (Mass Communication). Ayaa waxay haysataa shahaadada koowaad ee Isgaarsiinta Dadweynaha oo ay ka qaadatay [[Kampala International University]] (KIU), waxayna sidoo kale ka soo shaqeysay warbaahinta daabacan iyadoo ahayd saxafiyad madax-bannaan. ==Shaqada== Ayaa Irene waxay ka shaqeysay Sarkaalka Horumarinta Warbaahinta ee [[Association for Media Development in South Sudan]] (AMDISS)<ref name="kampalageopolitics.com">{{Cite web |title=Irene P. Lokang Ayaa – Kampala Geopolitics Conference |url=https://kampalageopolitics.com/speaker/irene-p-lokang-ayaa/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250317235915/https://kampalageopolitics.com/speaker/irene-p-lokang-ayaa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Irene P. Lokang Ayaa – Kampala Geopolitics Conference |url=https://kampalageopolitics.com/speaker/irene-p-lokang-ayaa/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-06-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619102159/https://kampalageopolitics.com/speaker/irene-p-lokang-ayaa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> intii u dhaxaysay 2012 iyo 2017. Laga soo bilaabo 2018 ilaa 2019, waxay noqotay Ku-simaha Maamulaha Machadka Horumarinta Warbaahinta (MDI),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Catholic Radio |date=2023-11-16 |title=MDI grandaunts direct to practice journalism at the states |url=https://catholicradionetwork.org/2023/11/16/mdi-grandaunts-direct-to-practice-journalism-at-the-states/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Catholic Radio Network for South Sudan and Nuba Mountains {{!}} CRN |language=en-US}}</ref> oo ah machad tababar oo saxafiyiinta lagu tababaro kana hoos shaqeeya [[Association for Media Development in South Sudan]] (AMDISS). Sannadkii 2020, waxay noqotay Maamulaha Machadka Horumarinta Warbaahinta (MDI),<ref name=":1" /><ref name=:2>{{Cite web |title=All candidates |url=https://www.ifexcouncilelection.org/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=www.ifexcouncilelection.org |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-06-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619102157/https://www.ifexcouncilelection.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> oo ah xarunta tababarka ee AMDISS, halkaas oo ay ka shaqeysay muddo ku dhow afar sano.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Review |first=The City |date=2021-10-05 |title=MPs under fire for barring media coverage on salaries |url=https://cityreviewss.com/mps-under-fire-for-barring-media-coverage-on-salaries/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=The City Review South Sudan |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Todobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[File:Ayaa Irene Lokang....jpg|thumb|Ayaa Irene, Agaasimaha AMDISS oo la hadlaysa SSBC intii lagu jiray tababarka saxafiyiinta ee Juba]] Bishii Noofambar 2023, waxay u wareegtay xilka Agaasimaha [[Association for Media Development in South Sudan]] (AMDISS)[https://amdissmedia.net/2024/07/18/director-of-the-association-for-media-development-in-south-sudan-ayaa-irene-who-also-doubles-as-the-chairperson-for-the-female-journalists-network-fjn-officially-inaugurated-the-second-annual-gen/]. Lokang waa aasaase wadaag, waxayna sidoo kale ahayd Guddoomiyihii ugu horreeyay ee Female Journalists Network (FJN), oo ah shabakad haween saxafiyiin ah oo u ololeysa xuquuqda haweenka saxafiyiinta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chang |first=Koang |date=2023-08-15 |title=Female journalists in South Sudan decry discrimination in newsgathering |url=https://www.eyeradio.org/female-journalists-in-south-sudan-decry-discrimination-in-newsgathering/ |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=Eye Radio |language=en-US}}</ref> Irene sidoo kale waa Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Agaasimayaasha ee Sama FM 99.3, oo ah idaacad bulsho oo fadhigeedu yahay Juba, kana baahisa barnaamijyo waxbarasho iyo nabadeed.<ref name="kampalageopolitics.com"/> Waxay sidoo kale tahay tababare dhinaca warbaahinta iyo jinsiga ka tirsan Journalists for Human Rights. Ayaa hadda waa xubin ka tirsan guddiga fulinta ee [[IFEX (organization)|IFEX]] iyo AFEX, kuwaas oo ah ururro heer gobol ah oo u ololeeya xorriyadda saxaafadda iyo xorriyadda hadalka.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vivian |date=2023-08-17 |title=Female journalists in South Sudan speak out against sexism |url=https://www.africafex.org/safety-of-journalists/female-journalists-in-south-sudan-speak-out-against-sexism |access-date=2024-06-19 |website=African Freedom of Expression Exchange |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.voanews.com/a/reporting-under-attack-in-south-sudan-sudan-/6557109.html] Waxay sidoo kale ka qayb qaadatay la-talinno muddo-gaaban ah oo ay la yeelatay hay'ado ay ka mid yihiin hindisaha [[World Bank]] iyo Journalists for Human Rights. Ayaa Irene, oo ah Agaasimaha [[Association for Media Development in South Sudan|AMDISS]], waa u ololeeye u taagan xorriyadda warbaahinta, xorriyadda hadalka iyo [https://kingmediassd.com/ayaa-urges-journalists-to-embrace-ethics-report-fearlessly/ ilaalinta saxafiyiinta] ee Koonfurta Suudaan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vivian |date=2025-01-30 |title=AMDISS Welcomes Lifting of the Ban on Facebook and TikTok in South Sudan |url=https://www.africafex.org/digital-rights/amdiss-welcomes-lifting-of-the-ban-on-facebook-and-tiktok-and-calls-on-the-authorities-to-keep-the-platforms-accessible |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=African Freedom of Expression Exchange |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vivian |date=2023-09-10 |title=AMDISS commends the removal of problematic provisions of National Security Act |url=https://www.africafex.org/freedom-of-expression/amdiss-commends-the-removal-of-problematic-provisions-of-national-security-act |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=African Freedom of Expression Exchange |language=en-US}}</ref>[https://www.eyeradio.org/media-advocate-urges-govt-to-grant-information-to-journalists/] Lokang sidoo kale waa u ololeeye sinnaanta jinsiga, halkaas oo ay ku tababarto isla markaana hagto haweenka saxafiyiinta ah arrimaha la xiriira tebinta wararka ee xasaasiga u ah jinsiga. == Tixraacyo == jguqaxp3cukuga0ipnuapa5q07sbvtm 0 49167 305713 302582 2026-08-24T04:08:31Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305713 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Gobolka Oti | native_name = Région d'Oti<br>Oti Nutome | type = [[Gobolada Ghana|Gobol]] | image_skyline = Hiking at Kyabobo National Park.jpg | image_caption = Beerta Qaranka ee Kyabobo oo u dhow xadka Togo | image_map = Oti in Ghana 2018.svg | mapsize = 150px | map_caption = Goobta Gobolka Oti ee Ghana | image_map1 = | map_caption1 = | image_flag = | flag_size = | flag_link = | subdivision_type = Waddan | subdivision_name = [[Ghana]] | leader_title = [[Liiska wasiirada gobolada Ghana|Wasiirka Gobolka]] | leader_name = [[John Kwadwo Gyapong]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/akufo-addo-sacks-13-minister-see-list.html|location=Accra, Ghana|title=Reshuffle: See list of ministers sacked by President Akufo-Addo and those replacing them – Graphic Online|newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]}}</ref> | leader_title1 = <!-- Xubnaha Baarlamaanka --> | leader_name1 = | seat_type = Caasimad | seat = [[Dambai]] | area_total_km2 = 11,066 | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | population_total = 747,248<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://statsghana.gov.gh/regionalpopulation.php?population=MTc2ODIyNTE2NS4yMjU1&&Oti&regid=12|title=Ghana Statistical Services|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2021-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113201431/https://www.statsghana.gov.gh/regionalpopulation.php?population=MTc2ODIyNTE2NS4yMjU1&&Oti&regid=12|url-status=dead}}</ref> | population_as_of = 2021 | population_footnotes = | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = 67 | population_density_sq_mi = | demographics_type1 = | demographics1_footnotes = | demographics1_title1 = | demographics1_info1 = | demographics1_title2 = | demographics1_info2 = | demographics_type2 = | demographics2_title1 = | demographics2_info1 = | demographics2_title2 = | demographics2_info2 = | blank_name_sec2 = | blank_info_sec2 = | parts_type = Degmooyin | parts_style = para | p1 = 9<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://statsghana.gov.gh/regionalpopulation.php?population=MTUzMDcwMjM4MS44Mzc=&&Volta&regid=10|title=Ghana Statistical Services.|website=statsghana.gov.gh|access-date=2026-07-13|archive-date=2021-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113111203/https://www.statsghana.gov.gh/regionalpopulation.php?population=MTUzMDcwMjM4MS44Mzc=&&Volta&regid=10|url-status=dead}}</ref> | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:GH|GH-OT]] | timezone = [[GMT]] | area_code = [[Lambarka telefoonka ee Ghana|031]] }} '''Gobolka Oti''' waa mid ka mid ah lixda gobol ee cusub ee [[Gobolada Ghana]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=NCCE urges protection of water bodies – MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/ncce-urges-protection-of-water-bodies/ |access-date=2021-05-18 |website=MyJoyonline. |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Know the 16 regional capitals of Ghana|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/new-ghana-map-with-16-regional-capitals.html|location=Accra, Ghana|access-date=2021-06-12|newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|language=en-gb}}</ref> waxaana laga gooyay [[Gobolka Volta]] bishii Diseembar 2018.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Duncan |first1=Jude |title=Referendum: Oti residents okay new region with 99% YES vote |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2018/12/referendum-oti-residents-okay-new-region-with-99-yes-vote/ |website=Citi News Room |date=28 December 2018 |access-date=6 September 2019}}</ref><ref name="ghanaculture.gov.gh">{{Cite web |title=Oti Region – National Commission on Culture |url=https://ghanaculture.gov.gh/oti-region/ |access-date=2023-09-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> Tani waxay daba socotay ballanqaadkii ololaha ee [[Nana Akufo-Addo]] si loo abuuro gobollo cusub si maamulka loogu dhoweeyo dadka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-06 |title=‘Creation of Oti Region was to bring governance closer to the people’ - Akufo-Addo |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Creation-of-Oti-Region-was-to-bring-governance-closer-to-the-people-Akufo-Addo-1147508 |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=GhanaWeb |language=en}}</ref> Gobolka waxaa la daah-furay 14-kii Maajo 2019 iyadoo [[Dambai]] ay tahay caasimaddiisa.<ref name="ghanaculture.gov.gh" /> == Taariikh == Fulinta qorshayaasha abuurista gobolada waxaa loo dhiibay [[Wasaaradda Dib-u-habaynta iyo Horumarinta Gobolada]] oo dhawaan la abuuray<ref name="yyuiu">{{cite web |title=2nd Ministerial list out: Akufo-Addo creates new ministries, re-aligns old |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2017/January-11th/2nd-ministerial-list-out-akufo-addo-creates-new-ministries-re-aligns-old.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731040155/http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2017/January-11th/2nd-ministerial-list-out-akufo-addo-creates-new-ministries-re-aligns-old.php |archive-date=31 July 2017 |access-date=22 June 2017 |publisher=myjoyonline}}</ref> taas oo hoos timaada hoggaanka [[Dan Botwe|Hon. Dan Botwe]]. Wasaaradda [[Dowladda Ghana]] ayaa loo xilsaaray mas'uuliyadda kormeerka abuurista gobollo cusub ee Ghana.<ref name="yyuiu" /> Bishii Maarso 2017, wasaaraddu waxay u dirtay qorshaha abuurista gobolka iyo kuwa kaleba [[Golaha Gobolka (Ghana)|Golaha Gobolka]]. Goluhu wuxuu kulmay in ka badan 36 jeer laga soo bilaabo wakhtigii la soo gudbiyay ilaa Agoosto 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ghanacrusader.com/council-of-state-met-36-times-on-creation-of-new-regions-nana-otuo-siriboe-ii/|title=Council of State met 36 times on new Regions – Nana Otuo Siriboe II|date=2017-08-16|work=GhanaCrusader.com – Latest News in Ghana and Beyond|access-date=2017-12-12|language=en-US}}</ref> Heerka ugu dambeeya ee abuurista gobolka waxaa lagu go'aamiyay iyadoo loo marayo [[afti]] ay qaadeen dadka ku nool gobolka cusub.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Creation Of New Region In Your Hands" – President Akufo-Addo To Nayiri – The Presidency, Republic of Ghana |url=http://presidency.gov.gh/index.php/2017/10/06/creation-of-new-region-in-your-hands-president-akufo-addo-to-nayiri/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171211071727/http://presidency.gov.gh/index.php/2017/10/06/creation-of-new-region-in-your-hands-president-akufo-addo-to-nayiri/ |archive-date=2017-12-11 |access-date=2017-12-12 |website=presidency government of ghana |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Afti ku saabsan gobolada cusub ee Ghana ee 2018|afti la qaaday 27-kii Diseembar 2018]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 December 2018 |title=Referendum: Massive YES votes for 6 new regions {{!}} General News 2018-12-28 |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Referendum-Massive-YES-votes-for-6-new-regions-711692 |access-date=2019-01-02 |website=GhanaWeb.}}</ref> ayaa ansixisay abuurista Gobolka Oti. Maalintii doorashada, 323,708 oo ka mid ah 366,481 (88.33% ka qaybgalayaasha doorashada) dadka is-diiwaangeliyay ayaa dhiibtay codkooda. Wadarta 319,296 (98.64 boqolkiiba) ayaa u codeeyay Haa halka 2,878 ay u codeeyeen Maya (0.89 boqolkiiba) halka tirada waraaqaha la diiday ay ahayd 951 (0.24 boqolkiiba).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2018/12/29/all-six-proposed-regions-meet-constitutional-threshold-requirements-ec/|title=All six proposed regions meet constitutional threshold requirements – EC|date=29 December 2018|newspaper=Ghana Business News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/confirmed-results-of-the-2018-referendum-on-new-regions.html|location=Accra, Ghana|title=Confirmed: Results of the 2018 Referendum on new regions|last=Zurek|first=Kweku|newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-01-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-28 |title=Referendum: 6 new regions get massive 'YES' votes |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/local/referendum-6-new-regions-get-massive-yes-votes/6l8qds7 |access-date=2019-01-02 |website=pulse ghana |language=en-US}}</ref> == Luuqadaha == Gobolka Oti ee Ghana, luuqadaha ugu waaweyn ee lagaga hadlo waxaa ka mid ah Faransiis, Ingiriisi, Akposo, Guan, Twi (lahjad ka mid ah Akan), iyo Ewe, iyadoo luuqado kale sida Dagbani, Dagaare, Konkomba, Kotokoli, Nawdm, Hausa iyo Kabre ay sidoo kale joogaan. '''[[Luuqadda Faransiiska|Faransiis]]''': Xubin ka mid ah luuqadaha Romance, dhammaan bulshooyinka gobolkan waxay ku hadlaan luuqadan. '''[[Luuqadda Ingiriisiga|Ingiriisi]]''': Xubin ka mid ah luuqadaha Germanic, waa luuqadda rasmiga ah ee Ghana. '''[[Luuqadaha Guan|Guan]]''': Qabaa'ilka ku hadla Guan waxaa ka mid ah Nawuri, Krachi, Nchumuru/Chonke, Buem, Nkonya, Asante, Akyode, Adele, iyo Ntrubo. '''[[Dadka Kposo|Akposo ama Ikposo]]''': waa luuqada dadka Akposo, waana luuqada asaliga ah ee dhammaan bulshooyinka Akposo ee Ghana. Waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay tahay mid ka mid ah luuqadaha buuraleyda Ghana-Togo. '''[[Twi]]''' (Akan): Waxay ka kooban tahay lahjadaha Fante iyo Twi, waxaa sidoo kale la aaminsan yahay inay ku hadlaan qayb ka mid ah dadka ah dadka degay ujeedooyin beerasho, ganacsi ama dib-u-dejinta waagii hore gudaha Gobolka Oti. '''[[Luuqadda Ewe|Ewe]]''': Ewe waxaa ku hadla bulshooyinka ku teedsan harada Volta waxaana ay sidoo kale ku fidsan tahay Togo iyo Benin. '''[[Luuqadda Dagbani|Dagbani]]''': Xubin ka mid ah kooxda luuqada Oti-Volta, Dagbani waxaa lagaga hadlaa gobolka Oti. '''[[Luuqadda Dagaare|Dagaare]]''': Waxay ka tirsan tahay laanta woqooyi ee kooxda Western Oti-Volta ee laanta Gur ee qoyska luqadda Niger-Congo. '''[[Luuqadda Konkomba|Konkomba]]''': Waxay ku hadlaan bulshooyinka ku nool aagga webiga Oti, Konkomba waa luuqad Gur ah oo leh lahjado badan. '''[[Luuqadda Dangme|Dangme]]''': Luuqad Kwa ah oo ay ku hadlaan dadka Ada, Yilo iyo Manya Klo, S1, Osudoku, Kpone (Kpomi), Gbugblaa (Prampram) iyo Nugo. '''[[Luuqadda Kusaal|Kusaal]]''': Xubin ka mid ah qoyska luuqada Niger-Congolese, Atlantico-Congolese, Voltaic-Congolese, North, Gur, Gur central, North, Oti-Volta, West, Southeast. '''[[Luuqadda Nawdm|Nawdm]]''' oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''[[Luuqadda Losso|Losso]]''' oo ay ku hadlaan dadka Nawdba. Nawdm waa luuqad Gur ah oo ka tirsan Togo iyo Ghana. Waxay ka tirsan tahay qoyska luqadda Niger-Congo. '''[[Luuqadda Tem|Kotokoli]]''': oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Tem,''' waa luuqad Gur ah oo ka tirsan qoyska Niger-Congo, lagagana hadlo Togo, Ghana, Benin, iyo Burkina Faso. '''[[Luuqadda Kabiye|Kabre]]''': oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Kabiye''' oo ah luuqad Gur (Voltaic) ah oo lagaga hadlo inta badan Togo, Benin iyo Ghana. '''[[Luuqadda Hausa|Hausa]]:''' waa luuqad Chadic ah '''oo lagaga hadlo inta badan''' qaybaha woqooyi ee Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin iyo Togo. == Qaybaha maamulka == Maamulka siyaasadeed ee gobolku wuxuu maraa nidaamka dawladda hoose. Nidaamkan maamul, gobolka waxaa loo qaybiyaa Sagaal (9) Degmo iyo Goleyaal (M/DAs) (oo ka kooban 4 Degmo-Magaalo iyo 5 Degmo).<ref>{{Cite web |title=One District One Factory (1D1F) |url=http://www.1district1factory.gov.gh/list-district?r=11 |access-date=2020-05-27 |website=1district1factory |archive-date=2024-02-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229073334/http://www.1district1factory.gov.gh/list-district?r=11 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=OTI Region – Local Government Service |url=https://lgs.gov.gh/oti-region/ |access-date=2023-09-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> Degmo kasta iyo Gole kasta, waxaa maamula Madaxa fulinta, kaas oo matalaya dawladda dhexe laakiin awood ka helaya Gole uu hoggaamiyo xubin guddoomiye ah oo laga soo dhex doortay xubnaha laftooda. Liiska hadda waa sida soo socota: [[File:Districts of the Oti Region (2018).png|400px|right]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Degmooyinka Gobolka Oti |- ! # ! Magaca MMDA ! Caasimad ! Nooca MMDA ! Madaxa Fulinta |- ! 1 | [[Biakoye District|Biakoye]] | [[Nkonya Ahenkro]] | Degmo | Hon. Eric Kwaku Opong |- ! 2 | [[Jasikan District|Jasikan]] | [[Jasikan]] | Degmo-Magaalo | Hon. |- ! 3 | [[Kadjebi District|Kadjebi]] | [[Kadjebi]] | Degmo | Hon. Dr. Sam Suraj Issaka |- ! 4 | [[Krachi East Municipal District|Krachi East]] | '''[[Dambai]]''' | Degmo-Magaalo | Hon. Sarfo Nketiah |- ! 5 | [[Krachi Nchumuru District|Krachi Nchumuru]] | [[Chinderi]] | Degmo | Hon. Martin Kofi Anato |- ! 6 | [[Krachi West District|Krachi West]] | [[Kete Krachi]] | Degmo-Magaalo | Hon. Prosper Addo |- ! 7 | [[Nkwanta North District|Nkwanta North]] | [[Kpassa]] | Degmo | Hon. Isaiah Dordoe |- ! 8 | [[Nkwanta South Municipal District|Nkwanta South]] | [[Nkwanta]] | Degmo-Magaalo | Hon. Joseph Antwi |- ! 9 | [[Guan District|Guan]] | [[Likpe-Mate]] | Degmo | Hon. Godfred Kofi |} == Juquraafi iyo cimilada == === Goobta iyo bedka === Gobolka Oti wuxuu xuduud la leeyahay dhanka woqooyi [[Gobolka Waqooyi, Ghana|Gobolka Waqooyi]], dhanka koonfureed Gobolka Volta, iyo dhanka galbeed Harada Volta. Waxay leedahay 9 degmo. === Cimilada iyo dhirta === Gobolka Oti wuxuu aad uga qallalan yahay inta kale ee aagagga koonfureed ee Ghana, sababtoo ah u dhawaanshaha woqooyi. Dhirtu waxay ka kooban tahay inta badan daaqsin, gaar ahaan [[savanna]] oo leh kooxo geedo u adkaysta abaarta sida [[Adansonia digitata|baobabs]] ama [[acacia]]s. Inta u dhaxaysa Diseembar iyo Abriil waa [[xilliga abaaraha]]. [[Xilliga roobabka]] waa inta u dhaxaysa qiyaastii Maajo iyo Nofeembar oo leh celcelis roobab sanadle ah oo dhan 750 ilaa 1050 mm (30 ilaa 40 inches). Heerkulka ugu sarreeya ayaa la gaaraa dhamaadka xilliga abaaraha, kan ugu hooseeya Diseembar iyo Janaayo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dabaysha kulul ee [[Harmattan]] ee ka timaada Saxaraha ayaa afuufa inta badan inta u dhaxaysa Diseembar iyo bilowga Febraayo. Heerkulku wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 14 °C (59 °F) habeenkii iyo 40 °C (104 °F) inta lagu jiro maalintii.{{clear left}} === Awoodda kheyraadka dabiiciga ah === Hay'adda Sahaminta Juqraafiyeed ee Ghana ayaa ka heshay tiro badan oo kaydka birta ah (iron ore) meel lagu magacaabo Akokrowa, oo ah bulsho beeralay ah oo ku taal Gobolka Oti ee Ghana. Birta, marka loo eego baaritaanka juqraafiyeed, waa 55.22 boqolkiiba miisaanka (Fe) waana heer sare. Waxaa la filayaa in sahaminta iyo ganacsiga birta ay abuuri doonaan shaqooyin iyo hanti dadka Oti iyo dalka guud ahaan.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://accramining.net/ghanas-iron-ore-potential-and-the-new-find-in-the-oti-region/|title=Ghana’s Iron Ore Potential and the New Find In the Oti Region: "We Need To Manage Expectations" – HENRY ANTWI|date=15 December 2021|website=AMN-News, Accra Mining Network|access-date=18 April 2022}}</ref> == Dalxiiska iyo beeraha == * [[Kyabobo National Park]]:<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Pocu |first=Kojo |date=2023-08-18 |title=Kyabobo National Park – Tourist site in Oti Region |url=https://mrpocu.com/kyabobo-national-park-tourist-site-in-oti-region/ |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Mr. Pocu Blog |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001152435/https://mrpocu.com/kyabobo-national-park-tourist-site-in-oti-region/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kaydka waxaa ku yaal Nkwanta, oo ku yaal Degmada Nkwanta South ee aagga, inta u dhaxaysa Savannah iyo kaynta roobka kulaylaha. Kaydka waxaa la aasaasay 1993 iyadoo ujeedadu tahay ilaalinta duurjoogta iyo noocyada kale ee xayawaanka khatarta ah inta lagu guda jiro iyaga oo siinaya meel raaxo leh oo ay ku noolaadaan meel ka fog khatarta iyo hawlaha bini'aadamka. Xuduudaha beertu waxay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, la beddelay dhowr jeer tan iyo markaas.<ref name=":0" /> * [[Harada Volta]] * Buurta Naaska (Breast Mountain), Chilinga * Kaydka kaynta Chaiso * [[Tuulada laalaada, Shiare]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=khophi |date=2021-05-26 |title="The Hanging Village" – Shiare |url=https://experienceafrica.today/the-hanging-village-shiare/ |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Experience Africa Today |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} {{coord|7|54|N|0|18|E|display=title|region:GH_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki}} {{Authority control}} 4bx77tjanans3krpbc5mffyc8fid4mg 0 49186 305692 303327 2026-08-24T00:06:15Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German place | type = Stadt | image_coa = DEU Abensberg COA.svg | image_photo = Abensberg Luftbild.jpg | image_caption = Muuqaalka hawada ee magaaladii hore ee Abensberg | coordinates = {{coord|48|48|N|11|51|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | image_plan = Abensberg in KEH.svg | state = Bavaria | region = Niederbayern | district = Kelheim | elevation = 370 | area = 60.27 | postal_code = 93326 | area_code = 09443 | licence = KEH | Gemeindeschlüssel = 09273111 | divisions = 7 [[Ortsteil]]e | website = {{URL|https://www.abensberg.de}} | mayor = Dr. Bernhard Resch<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.statistik.bayern.de/mam/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ob_krfr_st.xlsx |title=Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden |trans-title=Liiska duqyada koowaad/duqyada sare ee degmooyinka ka tirsan degmada |language=de |website=statistik.bayern.de |publisher=[[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]] |date=n.d. |access-date=13 June 2024 |format=XLSX |archive-date=16 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216165712/https://www.statistik.bayern.de/mam/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ob_krfr_st.xlsx |url-status=dead }}</ref> |leader_term = 2023&ndash;29 |party = }} [[File:Maderturm 2.jpg|thumb|Maderturm]] '''Abensberg''' ({{IPA|de|ˈaːbənsˌbɛʁk|-|De-Abensberg.ogg}}) waa magaalo ku taal degmada [[Lower Bavaria]] ee [[Kelheim (district)|Kelheim]], ee [[Bavaria]], Jarmalka, oo ku taal qiyaastii {{cvt|30|km}} koonfur-galbeed ee [[Regensburg]], {{cvt|40|km}} bari ee [[Ingolstadt]], {{cvt|50|km}} waqooyi-galbeed ee [[Landshut]] iyo {{cvt|100|km}} waqooyi ee [[Munich]]. Waxay ku taal webiga [[Abens]], oo ah gacan ka mid ah webiga [[Danube]]. ==Juqraafiga== Magaaladu waxay ku taal webiga [[Abens]], oo ah gacan ka mid ah [[Danube]], qiyaastii sideed kiiloomitir meel u jirta halka uu webigu ka soo maaxdo. Aagga ku xeeran Abensberg waxaa lagu gartaa dooxada cidhiidhiga ah ee Danube, halkaas oo [[Weltenburg Abbey]] ay ku taallo, dooxada [[Altmühl]] ee waqooyiga, oo ah gacan bidix ee Danube, iyo gobolka caanka ah ee [[Hallertau]] ee [[Humulus|beerista hops]] ee koonfurta. Magaalada waxaa loo qaybiyay degmooyinka Abensberg, Arnhofen, Holzharlanden, Hörlbach, Offenstetten, Pullach iyo Sandharland. ===Qaybaha=== Tan iyo dib-u-habayntii maamulka ee [[Bavaria]] sannadihii 1970-yadii, magaaladu waxay kaloo ka kooban tahay kuwan soo socda ''[[Quarter (country subdivision)|Ortsteile]]'': * Magaalada dhexdeeda: Abensberg (degmada ugu weyn), Aunkofen (xaafad), Badhaus (tuulo) * Bariga: Gaden (tuulo), See (tuulo), Offenstetten (xaafad) * Waqooyi bari: Arnhofen (xaafad), Baiern (tuulo), Pullach (xaafad), Kleedorf (tuulo) * Waqooyi: Sandharlanden (xaafad), Holzharlanden (xaafad), Buchhof (tuulo yar) * Galbeedka: Schwaighausen (tuulo), Schillhof (tuulo yar), Gilla (tuulo aad u yar) * Koonfurta: Aumühle (tuulo aad u yar), Allersdorf (tuulo yar) * Koonfur bari: Lehen (tuulo aad u yar), Mitterhörlbach (tuulo yar), Upper Hörlbach (tuulo), Lower Hörlbach (tuulo yar) ==Taariikhda== Waxaa jiray degsiimooyin qaybtan webiga [[Abens]] ah muddo aad u fog ka hor [[High Middle Ages]], oo dib ugu noqonaysa xilligii [[Neolithic]]. Waxa aad muhiim u ah macdanta dhagaxa weyn ee Arnhofen, halkaas oo, qiyaastii 7,000 sano ka hor, dadkii [[Stone Age]] ay ka samayn jireen dhagax weyn, oo loo qaabayn jiray qalab, daab, iyo madax fallaaro, waxaana loo arkayay inay tahay birta xilligii dhagaxa. Raadadka in ka badan 20,000 oo qof ayaa laga helay goobtan. Taariikhda casriga ah ee Abensberg, oo inta badan si khaldan loo barbar dhigo tii qarnigii saddexaad ee [[castra]] (xarun militari) ee Roomaanka ee Abusina, waxay ku bilaabataa Gebhard, oo ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee u magacaaba Abensberg magaalo, bartamihii qarnigii 12-aad. Tixraaca qoraalka ah ee ugu horreeya ee magaalada, oo lagu magacaabo ''Habensperch'', wuxuu ka yimid xilligan, qiyaastii 1138. Gebhard wuxuu ka soo jeeday qabiilka Babonen. Sannadkii 1256, [[castrum]]-kii ''Abensprech'' ayaa markii ugu horreysay la xusay, iyo 12 Juun 1348, Margrave Ludwig oo ka tirsan [[Margraviate of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]], iyo walaalkiis, Duke Stephen oo ka tirsan [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]], ayaa Abensberg u kordhiyay heerka magaalo, iyagoo siiyay xuquuqda ay ku shaqeeyaan maxkamadaha hoose, inay ku xidhaan gidaar, iyo inay qabsadaan suuqyo. Gidaarka waxaa dhisay Count Ulrich III oo ka tirsan [[County of Abensberg|Abensberg]]. Qaar ka mid ah soddon iyo laba munaaradood oo wareegsan iyo siddeed turret ayaa ilaa maanta la ilaaliyay. [[Middle Ages]], dadka Abensberg waxay ku raaxaysanayeen heerar madax-bannaan oo ka sarreeya sayidkooda. Waxay doorteen gole magaalo, inkastoo tiro yar oo qoysas taajiriin ah ay u qalmeen doorashada. Qiyaastii 1390, Kaniisadda Carmelite Monastery ee Our Lady of Abensberg waxaa aasaasay Count John II iyo xaaskiisa, Agnes. In kasta oo Abensberg ay ahayd magaalo madax-bannaan, waxay ku sii xirnayd [[List of rulers of Bavaria|Dukes of Bavaria]] oo awood leh. Sayidkii ugu dambeeyay ee Abensberg, [[Niclas, Graf von Abensberg]], oo loo malaynayo in loogu magac daray aabbihiis (godfather), [[Nicholas of Kues]], oo ahaa kardinal Katolik ah, ayaa la dilay 1485 by Christopher, oo ahaa [[Herzog|Duke]] ka tirsan [[Bavaria-Munich]]. Sannad ka hor, Niclas wuxuu si aan sharaf lahayn u qabsaday Christopher markii uu ku qubaysanayay ka hor tartanka Munich. In kasta oo Christopher uu ka tanaasulay sheegashadiisa aargoosiga, wuxuu u galay Niclas meel uu kaga gabaadsado Freising. Markii uu kii dambe yimid, waxaa dilay Seitz von Frauenberg. Waxaa lagu aasay kaniisaddii hore ee Abensberg. Abensberg ka dibna waxay lumisay madax-bannaanideedii waxayna noqotay qayb ka mid ah Duchy of Bavaria, laga bilaabana waxaa maamulayay sarkaal ducal ah, oo loo yaqaanay kormeere. Qalcaddii Abensberg waxaa la burburiyay intii lagu jiray [[Thirty Years' War]], in kasta oo magaaladu ay ka iibsatay dammaanad ilaalin guudkii Iswiidhishka, [[Carl Gustaf Wrangel]]. Intii lagu jiray [[War of the Spanish Succession]] boqor [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor|Leopold I]], oo qabsaday Bavaria, wuxuu siiyay fief-ka Abensberg count Ernst von [[Abensberg-Traun|Abensperg und Traun]] (1608–1668) oo ka tirsan qoys sharaf leh oo Austrian ah oo la odhan jiray Traun oo hadda helay magaca counts-kii hore ee Abensberg (oo loo malaynayay inay yihiin qaraabo fog). Ka dib markii qabsashadii dhammaatay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa laga saaray. [[Johannes Aventinus]] (1477–1534) waa wiilka ugu caansan magaalada, aasaasihii daraasadda taariikhda ee Bavaria. Aventinus, oo magaciisa dhabta ah uu ahaa Johann ama Johannes Turmair (''Aventinus'' oo ah magaca Laatiinka ee meeshii uu ku dhashay) wuxuu qoray ''Annals of Bavaria'', diiwaan qiimo leh oo taariikhdii hore ee Jarmalka iyo shaqadii ugu horreysay ee qoran ee mawduuca. Waxaa lagu xusayaa [[Walhalla temple]], oo ah taallo u dhow [[Regensburg]] oo loogu talagalay shakhsiyaadka sharafta leh ee taariikhda Jarmalka. Ilaa 1800, Abensberg waxay ahayd degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Straubing]] ee [[Electorate of Bavaria]]. Abensberg waxay kaloo lahayd maxkamad maamul. [[Battle of Abensberg]] ee 19–20 Abriil 1809, [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon]] wuxuu helay guul muhiim ah oo ka dhan ah Austrians-ka oo uu hoggaaminayay Archduke [[Archduke Louis of Austria|Ludwig]] of [[Archduchy of Austria|Austria]] iyo General [[Johann von Hiller]].<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Abensberg|volume=1|page=42}}</ref> ===Calaamadda magaalada=== [[File:DEU Abensberg COA.svg|thumb|right|100px|Calaamadda Abensberg]] Calaamadda magaalada waxay u qaybsan tahay laba qaybood. Dhanka bidix waxaa ku yaal rhombuses buluug iyo caddaan ah ee Bavaria, halka kala badhka midig loo kala qaybiyay laba saddexagal oo qalin iyo madow ah. Labo seef oo qalin ah oo isdhaafsan oo leh gacmo dahabi ah ayaa dul saaran. Magaaladu waxay lahayd calaamad tan iyo 1338, tii Counts of Abensberg. Geeridii Count-kii ugu dambeeyay, Nicholas of Abensberg, 1485, hantidii waxay u gacan gashay [[Duchy of Bavaria-Munich]], taas oo macnaheedu yahay in laga bilaabo wakhtigaas kaliya calaamadda Bavarian ayaa la isticmaali jiray. 31 Disembar 1809, wareegto ka timid [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria|King Maximilian]] ee [[Kingdom of Bavaria|Bavaria]] ayaa siisay magaalada calaamad cusub, iyada oo aqoonsi u ah adeegyadooda (inta badan bini'aadantinimo iyo saadka) ee [[Battle of Abensberg]] isla sannadkaas. Garoonka si diagonal ah loo qaybiyay ee qalin iyo madow ayaa ka yimid crest-kii hore ee Counts of Abensberg, halka dheeman caddaan iyo buluug ay ka yimaadeen tii [[House of Wittelsbach]], xukumayaasha Bavaria. Seeftu waxay xusuusinaysaa Dagaalkii Abensberg. Degmada Offenstetten horey waxay u lahayd calaamaddeeda. ===Mataanaynta=== * [[Parga]], Greece tan iyo 1986 * [[Lonigo]], Italy tan iyo 1999 * [[Saint-Gilles, Gard]], France tan iyo 2016 ==Dhaqaalaha iyo Kaabayaasha== [[File:GER Abensberg, Bahnhof 0001.jpg|thumb|Saldhigga tareenka ee Abensberg]] Aagga ku xeeran Abensberg, oo loo yaqaan suunka ciidda ee u dhexeeya [[Siegburg]], [[Neustadt an der Donau]], Abensberg iyo [[Langquaid]], waxaa loo isticmaalaa [[intensive farming]]-ka [[asparagus]], sababtoo ah xaaladda ciidda iyo cimilada ugu habboon. Qiyaastii 300 hektar ayaa loo qoondeeyay wax soo saarka asparagus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.abensberger-spargel.de/ |title=Abensberger Spargel |language=German}}</ref> Abensberg asparagus waxay ku raaxaysataa sumcad ka mid ah dadka yaqaana inay tahay cunto gaar ah oo macaan. Marka laga reebo asparagus, wax soo saarka hops wuxuu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraa maxaliga, gobolku wuxuu leeyahay calaamaddiisa, waxaana weli jira saddex warshadood oo biirka oo madax-bannaan oo aagga ah. Magaalada Abensberg waxay calaamad u tahay bilowga ''Deutsche Hopfenstraße'' (''German Hops Road''), oo ah naanaysta loo bixiyay [[Bundesstraße]] 301, oo ah waddo federaali ah oo Jarmal ah oo dhex marta wadnaha warshadaha hops-ka ee Jarmalka, kuna dhammaata [[Freising]]. ===Gaadiidka=== Saldhigga tareenka ee Abensberg wuxuu ku yaal [[Regensburg–Ingolstadt railway]] oo ka socda [[Regensburg Hauptbahnhof|Regensburg]] ilaa [[Ingolstadt Hauptbahnhof|Ingolstadt]]. Magaalada waxaa lagu gaadhi karaa waddada A-93 Holledau-Regensburg (bixitaanka Abensberg). Saddex [[Bundesstraße]] (waddooyinka federaalka Jarmalka) ayaa ka gudba koonfurta Abensberg: [[Bundesstraße 16|B 16]], [[Bundesstraße 299|B 299]] iyo B 301. ==Goobaha dadweynaha== ===Dugsiyada=== {{see also|Education in Germany}} Abensberg waxay leedahay laba Grundschulen (dugsi hoose) iyo [[Mittelschule]] (dugsi sare oo furan), iyo Johann-Turmair-[[Realschule]] (dugsi sare oo casri ah). Waxa kale oo jira Kulliyad Beeraha iyo Maamulka Guriga. Tan iyo 2007, Kelheim Berufsschule waxay lahayd xarun ku taal Abensberg, iyo meel ka baxsan qaybta dawladda waa Xarunta Tababarka Xirfadaha ee St. Francis, oo ay maamusho urur dhalinyaro oo Katolik ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira laba dugsi oo gaar ah, mid u dhow Abensberg,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prälat-Michael-Thaller-Schule – Privates Sonderpädagogisches Förderzentrum Abensberg |trans-title=Dugsiga Prelate Michael Thaller – Xarunta Waxbarashada Gaarka ah ee Gaarka ah ee Abensberg |url=https://www.pmt-schule.de |access-date=30 December 2024 |website=pmt-schule.de |language=de-DE}}</ref> kan kale oo ku yaal xaafadda Offenstetten.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cabrini-Schule - Cabrini Zentrum - KJF Regensburg |trans-title=Dugsiga Cabrini - Xarunta Cabrini - KJF Regensburg |language=de |url=https://www.cabrini-zentrum.de/cabrini-schule |access-date=30 December 2024 |website=cabrini-zentrum.de}}</ref> ==Dhaqanka iyo dalxiiska== ===Tiyaatarka=== Sannadkii 2008, goob hore oo [[goods shed]] ah oo ku taal saldhigga tareenka ee Abensberg ayaa waxaa tiyaatar u beddelay mutadawiciin maxalli ah. "Theater am Bahnhof" (''Tiyaatarka Saldhigga Tareenka'') waxaa inta badan isticmaala ''Theatergruppe Lampenfieber'' waxaana la furay 19 Oktoobar 2008. ===Matxafyada=== Abensberg waxay leedahay dhaqan dheer oo matxafyo ah. Qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad, Nicholas Stark iyo Peter Paul Dollinger waxay bilaabeen ururin ku salaysan taariikhda maxalliga ah. Uruurintan iyo ururintii ''Heimatverein'' (bulshada taariikhda maxalliga ah) ayaa la mideeyay 1963 matxafka [[Johannes Aventinus|Aventinus]], oo ku yaal kaniisaddii hore ee Carmelite. 7 Luulyo 2006, Matxafka Cusub ee Abensberg ayaa laga furay qalcaddii hore ee duke ee magaalada. ===Warshadda biirka ee Kuchlbauer=== Laba baloog galbeedka magaaladii hore waa Warshadda biirka ee Kuchlbauer iyo beer biirka oo leh [[Kuchlbauer Tower]], munaarad kormeer oo midab leh oo aan caadi ahayn oo ay naqshadeeyeen naqshadeeyaha Viennese [[Friedensreich Hundertwasser]]. Warshadda iyo munaaradda waa u furan yihiin dadweynaha. ===Sawirada=== <gallery class="center"> File:Abensberg Stadtansicht.jpg|Muuqaalka Magaaladii Hore File:Abensberg Klosterkirche.jpg|Kaniisadda Carmelite File:Abensberg Stadtplatz.jpg|Xarunta Magaalada oo leh Rathaus (xarunta magaalada) File:Abensberg RegensburgerTor.jpg|Regensburg Gate File:SchlossAbensberg LandkreisKelheim Niederbayern.JPG|Goobta qalcaddii hore File:Herzogskasten Abensberg.JPG|Herzogskasten (Dukaanka Duke) File:Abensberg Kuchlbauerturm von Hundertwasser.JPG|Kuchlbauer Tower </gallery> ===Taallo maqan=== Ilaa 1950-yadii, Abensberg iyo tuulooyinka ku xeeran waxay lahaayeen qaar ka mid ah qabriyo ay ku aasan yihiin dhibanayaasha [[Death marches (Holocaust)|Death March]] ee guga 1945 ka xerada hoose ee Hersbruck ee [[Dachau concentration camp]], kuwaas oo ay dileen [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] ama u dhintay daal. Waxaa markii hore lagu aasay meeshii ay ku dhinteen, laakiin waxaa markii dambe la geeyay amar ka yimid dawladda milatariga ee Maraykanka xabaalaha guryahoodii hore. Xabaalaha waxa hadda ah degmada [[Pullach]] waxaa taagnaa taallo la soo xusay ilaa 1967, laakiin aan hadda goobta ku oolin. Dhibaatadii toban dhibane oo aan la aqoon ee xerada ayaa lagu duubay dhagaxa.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}} ===Dhacdooyinka caadiga ah=== *Kalandarka dhacdooyinka Abensberger wuxuu bilaabmaa Febraayo iyadoo la qabanayo ''[[Carnival|Faschingsgillamoos]]'' [[funfair]], kaas oo gaadha heerkiisii ugu sarreeyay Khamiista Mad. *Waxaa ku xiga ''Frühjahrsmarkt'' (Suuqa Gu'ga) laba toddobaad ka hor Easter-ka, marka dhammaan dukaamada magaalada loo oggol yahay inay furaan Axadda ([[Ladenschlussgesetz|taas oo sida caadiga ah laga mamnuucay Jarmalka]]). * *''Bürgerfest'' waxaa loo dabaaldegaa dhammaadka usbuuca ugu horreeya ee Luulyo, marka beeraha qasriga ee leh darbiyadoodii hore loo beddelo xero dhexe. *''Schlossgartenfest'' (Dabaaldegga Beerta Qasriga) wuxuu dhacaa sannad kasta bilowga Agoosto. Waxaa laga soo bilaabo 1977 u abaabulay [[Junge Union]], laanta dhalinyarada ee labada xisbi siyaasadeed ee ugu weyn muxaafidka Jarmalka, [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|CDU]] iyo [[Christian Social Union of Bavaria|CSU]], waxayna soo jiidataa dhammaan kooxaha da'da ee Abensberg iyo aagga ku xeeran. *Sabtida labaad ee Agoosto, dadku waxay dhex mari karaan Suuqa Habeenimo ee fiidkii xagaaga ee raaxada leh. *''Gillamoos'', [[funfair]]-ka ugu da'da weyn uguna weyn ee [[Hallertau]] wuxuu furmaa Khamiista ka hor Axadda ugu horreysa ee Sebtembar wuxuuna socdaa ilaa Isniinta ka dambaysa. Waa iftiinka sannadka ee Abensberg waana dabbaaldegga dadka Abensberg iyo aagga ku xeeran. *''Herbstmarkt'' (suuqa dayrta), maalin kale oo suuq ah oo Axad ah, waa usbuuca ugu horreeya ee Oktoobar. *Tan iyo 1997, taxane ah dhacdooyinka dhaqanka, farshaxanka, muusiga iyo madadaalada ayaa ka dhacay Noofembar meelo kala duwan oo magaalada ah, cinwaanka hoostiisa, ''Novembernebel'' (ceeryaamo Noofembar) *[[Saint Nicholas#Germany|Saint Nicholas Day]] (6 Disembar), ''Niklasmarkt'' (Suuqa Nicholas) wuxuu xusayaa ''Niklasspende'', oo ah aasaas dhexe oo loogu talagalay dadka saboolka ah. Tani waxay calaamad u tahay bilowga Advent iyo xilliga Christmas-ka. ==Ciyaaraha== ===Speedway iyo kubadda cagta=== [[Wack Hofmeister Stadium]], oo horey u ahaan jiray Altes Stadion Abensberg (garoonkii hore) waa [[motorcycle speedway]] iyo [[association football]] garoon ku yaal bari ka xiga bartamaha Abensberg ee Jarmalka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europlan-online.de/speedwaystadion/stadion-16433.html |title=Speedwaystadion "Altes Stadion Abensberg" - Abensberg |trans-title=Garoonka Speedway "Garoonka Hore Abensberg" - Abensberg |language=de |website=europlan-online.de |date=n.d. |access-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109201546/https://www.europlan-online.de/speedwaystadion/stadion-16433.html |archive-date=9 November 2023 |url-status=deviated}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bahnsport-info.de/category/vereine/msc-abensberg/ |title=Category: MSC Abensberg |language=de |website=bahnsport-info.de |access-date=9 November 2023 |archive-date=9 Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109201548/https://www.bahnsport-info.de/category/vereine/msc-abensberg/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Waxay martigelisaa kooxda speedway MSC Abensberg<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.msc-abensberg.de/ |title=Herzlich wilkommen beim Motorsportclub Abensberg E.V. |trans-title=Ku soo dhowow naadiga mootada Abensberg EV |language=de |website=msc-abensberg.de |access-date=9 November 2023 |date=n.d. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109201547/https://www.msc-abensberg.de/ |archive-date=9 November 2023 |url-status=deviated}}</ref> iyo kooxda kubadda cagta TSV Abensberg 1862.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.abensberg-fussball.de/Events/Flutlichtbau-altes-Stadion/ |title=Flutlichtumrüstung auf LED-Technik im alten Stadion. |trans-title=Beddelka nalka daadka ee tignoolajiyada LED ee garoonka hore. |website=abensberg-fussball.de |language=de |date=n.d. |access-date=9 November 2023 }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Dadka caanka ah== ===Wiilasha iyo gabdhaha magaalada=== *[[Johannes Aventinus]] (1477–1534): Taariikhyahan Bavarian *[[Stephan Agricola]] (1491–1547): Dib-u-habeeyaha Lutheran *[[Joseph von Hazzi]] (1768–1845): La-taliye gaar ah oo Bavarian ah *[[Josef Hofmeister]] (ku dhashay 1934): Fardaha xawaaraha sare (speedway rider) *[[Uwe Brandl]] (ku dhashay 1959): Duqa Abensberg *[[Paul Smaczny]]: Soo saare muusig iyo filim *[[Christian Lohr]]: Muusikiiste iyo soo saare *[[Stephan Ebn]] (ku dhashay 1978): durbaanka iyo soo saaraha muusiga *[[Richard Resch]]: Tenor, heesaa classical iyo opera ===Dadka ka shaqeeyay magaalada=== *[[Wiguläus von Kreittmayr]] (1705–1790): guurka Sayidka Offenstetten iyo Hatzkofen *[[Friedensreich Hundertwasser]] (1928–2000): farshaxan iyo naqshadeeye *[[Radu Ivan]] (ku dhashay 1969): Horyaalka Judo ee caalamiga ah *[[Ole Bischof]] (ku dhashay 1979): Horyaalka Judo ee Olympic-ga == Sidoo kale eeg == * [[Battle of Abensberg]] oo dhacay Abriil 20, 1809. * [[Battle of Landshut (1809)|Battle of Landshut]] oo dhacay Abriil 21, 1809. * [[Battle of Eckmühl]] oo dhacay 21–22 Abriil 1809. * [[Eckmühl]] * [[Landshut]] ==Tixraacyada== {{reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== * {{Official website}} {{in lang|de}} * [http://www.abensberger-impressionen.de/ Abensberger Impressionen - Sawirada Hore ee Abensberg] {{Commons category}} 1w0xyss0bys291fuiras9wnczbo2hmi 0 50822 305761 305304 2026-08-24T08:32:00Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox company | name = TEDOM | logo = Tedom logo korporatni barva.png | type = Shirkad saamileyda ah | industry = Farsamada Makaanikada | traded_as = | founded = {{Start date and age|1991}} | founder = Josef Jeleček | hq_location = [[Výčapy]], Czech Republic | area_served = Caalamka oo dhan | owner = {{ubl|[[Yanmar]] {{smaller|(2024–maanta)}}}} | products = Qaybaha Cogeneration (CHP), Mashiinnada | key_people = Ladislav Zeman, Agaasimaha Guud | revenue = 8 bilyan CZK (2024) | operating_income = | num_employees = 1000 | subsidiaries = | website = {{URL|tedom.com}} | intl = }} '''TEDOM a.s''' waa shirkad farsamada Czech ah oo xarunteedu tahay [[Třebíč]]. Waxaa aasaasay Josef Jeleček sannadkii 1991. TEDOM waa magac gaaban oo laga soo qaatay erayada Czech-ka ee '''TE'''plo '''DOM'''ova (Kulaylka guriga). Ujeeddada ugu weyn ee ganacsiga shirkaddu waa horumarinta iyo soo saaridda unugyada [[Cogeneration|CHP]] (kuleylka iyo tamarta isku daray) ee wata mashiinnada gubashada gaaska. Portfolio-ga alaabada shirkaddu waxa kale oo ku jira mashiinnada gubashada, kuwaas oo dhammaantood ay naqshadeeyeen TEDOM. [[File:Brno, Autotec, Tedom venku.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Tedom C12, Radnica Starého mesta.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Ústí nad Labem, TEDOM C18G, zepředu.jpg|thumb]] Markii la aas-aasay, TEDOM waxay markii hore u shaqaynaysay sidii shirkad masuuliyad xaddidan leh. Laga soo bilaabo 1994, [[holding company|shirkad hayssta saamiyada]] ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah loo dhisay halkaas oo TEDOM ay ka qabatay booska hoggaaminta. Sannadkii 2010, shirkaddii haysatay saamiyada waxay noqotay [[Joint-stock company|shirkad saamileyda ah]], waxaana la abuuray TEDOM a.s. Hadda, TEDOM a.s. waxay ka shaqaysaa in ka badan 40 waddan oo adduunka ah. Sannadkii 2016, TEDOM waxay iibsatay shirkadda Jarmalka ee [[SCHNELL Motoren]] iyada oo u jeedadaadu tahay in ay hoggaamiso badeecadaha TEDOM ee suuqa Jarmalka. Sannadkii 2017 TEDOM waxay aasaastay Kooxda TEDOM - koox shirkado ah oo la wadaagta hantida TEDOM. Xubnaha kooxdu waxay la tacaalaan horumarinta, soo saaridda, rakibidda ama hawlgelinta unugyada CHP. == Taariikh == TEDOM waxaa loo aas-aasay shirkad masuuliyad xaddidan leh sannadkii 1991. Waxaa aasaasay Ing. Josef Jeleček. Baaxadda ganacsiga ee TEDOM s.r.o. laga soo bilaabo bilowgeedii waxay ahayd horumarinta, soo saaridda iyo iibinta unugyada CHP ee wata mashiinnada gubashada gaaska-pistanka. Unuggii ugu horreeyay ee CHP, TEDOM MT 22 oo lahaa awood 22&nbsp;kW ah kaas oo isticmaalayay Škoda 781 afar-silindar [[spark-ignition engine]] oo ka socda taxanaha gaariga rakaabka ee [[Škoda Favorit]], ayaa la geliyay hawlgelinta isla sannadkan. Sannadkii 1993, iskaashi dhow ayaa la bilaabay VKS s.r.o. ee ku taal [[Hořovice]]. Shirkaddani waxay noqotay soo-saaraha qaybaha makaanikada ee unugyada CHP halka TEDOM ay diiradda saartay soo saaridda qaybaha korontada iyo iibinta / adeegga gobolka ee unugyada CHP. Nooc cusub oo ah unugga TEDOM MT 130A CHP oo leh awood 130&nbsp;kW ah ayaa la horumariyay sannadkaas. Noocan unugga CHP wuxuu adeegsaday [[LIAZ (Czech Republic)|LIAZ]] 12-litir oo ah mashiinka gubashada 6-silindar ee moodelka M630 (laga bilaabo moodelka [[LIAZ 100 series|LIAZ 100]] gaari xamuul ah). Sannadkii 1994, TEDOM waxay bilowday abuuris tartiib tartiib ah oo ah shirkad haysata saamiyada. Shirkaddii ugu horreysay ee hoos timaada waxay ahayd [[Třebíčská Tepelná Společnost s.r.o.]]. Shirkaddan hoos timaada waxay kireysatay oo sidaas darteed bilowday hawlgelinta nidaamka kuleylka iyo tamarta ee magaalada Třebíč. Shirkadda labaad ee hoos timaada, TEPLO Ivančice s.r.o., oo mas'uul ka ahayd hawlgelinta nidaamka kuleylka ee magaalada [[Ivančice]], waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1996. Shirkadda saddexaad ee hoos timaada, Jesenická Tepelná Společnost s.r.o., oo ka shaqaysa nidaamka kuleylka ee magaalada Jesenice, waxaa la abuuray sannadkii 1997. TEDOM Energo s.r.o. waxaa la aasaasay sannadkii 1999 (asmarkii hore waxay ahayd Příborská Tepelná Společnost s.r.o.). TEDOM Energo s.r.o. waxay bilowday inay bixiso inta badan hawlaha la xiriira soo saaridda tamarta iyo kuleylka gudaha Czech Republic. Sannadkii 2000, shirkad dheeraad ah, TENERGO Brno a.s. ayaa la aasaasay. TENERGO Brno a.s. waxay ku takhasustay hawlgelinta nidaamyada kuleylka iyo tamarta ee Slovakia. Sannadkii 2003, TEDOM waxay noqotay xubin ka tirsan [[COGEN Europe]] (Ururka Yurub ee Horumarinta Cogeneration). Sannadkii 2000, alaabada gaarka ah waa la cusboonaysiiyay waxaana la horumariyay khadadka alaabada cusub ee Premi iyo CENTO. Sannadkii 2001, TEDOM waxay u jeedisay dareankeeda unugyada CHP ee ku shaqeeya [[biogas]]. Markii ay tallaabadani dhacday, taxane cusub oo ah unugyada TEDOM CHP ee loo habeeyay inay ku shaqeeyaan biogas ayaa la soo bandhigay sannadkii 2002 waxaana dhashay taxanaha alaabada cusub ee QUANTO. Sannadkii 2003, TEDOM waxay iibsatay warshadda JAMOT (warshadda farsamada mashiinnada ee Jablonec) iib barakicin ah. Waxay ahayd xarun hore oo ay lahayd LIAZ s.r.o. ee ku taal [[Jablonec nad Nisou]]. Warshadda soo saarida mashiinnada waxay noqotay qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah TEDOM s.r.o. oo ah qayb mashiinno oo gaar ah. Sidaas darteed, soo saarida basaska magaalada ee dabaqa hooseeya waxaa la bilaabay sannadkii 2004 waxaana la soo bandhigay tijaabada baska magaalada TEDOM oo ku qalabaysan mashiinka TEDOM oo gubaya [[compressed natural gas|gaaska dabiiciga ah ee la cufay]] (CNG). Unuggii 1000aad ee CHP ee laga sameeyay calaamadda TEDOM ayaa la rakibay isla sannadkan sidoo kale. Sannadkii 2005, khad alaab oo cusub oo ah unugyada MICRO CHP ayaa la soo bandhigay. Sannadkii 2006, furitaankii weynaa ee warshadda soo saarida cusub ee TEDOM ee isu-keenista basaska magaalada ee dabaqa hooseeya wuxuu ka dhacay Třebíč. Intaa waxaa dheer, TEDOM waxay sii waday inay soo saarto gawaarida xamuulka iyo mashiinnada si loo casriyeeyo [[ČD Class 810|gaadiidka tareenka ee taxanaha 810]] loona beddelo [[ČD Class 814|unugyada mashiinka ee taxanaha 814]]. Sannadkii 2008, unuggii 2000aad ee CHP ee calaamadda ganacsiga TEDOM ayaa la geliyay hawlgelinta. Goor dambe isla sannadkan, TEDOM Holding waxaa loo qaybiyay laba qaybood: 25% ka mid ah hantida waxay u gudubtay TTS Holding, oo ah soo-saaraha tamarta, iyo 75% ka mid ah hantida waxay ku hartay TEDOM Holding ee horumarinta iyo soo saarida tiknoolajiyada injineernimada tamarta. Sida ay ku heshiiyeen lammaanayaasha, TTS Holding waxaa la kala saaray faa'iidada lammaanaha baxaya, Mudane Richard Horký.; macaamilku wuxuu ahaa 60 milyan oo CZK. Laga soo bilaabo xilligaas, TEDOM waxay si gaar ah diiradda u saartay soo saarida tiknoolajiyada. Sannadkii 2010, [[Mergers and acquisitions|milmi]] ka mid ah shirkadaha ayaa dhacay. Shirkadaha ku biiray milmigan waxay ahaayeen TEDOM s.r.o., TEDOM ENERGO s.ro., TEDOM CHP s.r.o., Jesenická Tepelná Společnost s.r.o., iyo TEDOM Holding s.r.o., iyo shirkadda cusub ee la aasaasay ee saamileyda ah ee TEDOM a.s. Laga soo bilaabo 2011, ČEZ Energo s.r.o. waxay ka shaqaysaa suuqa Czech oo ah hawlwadeenka warshad koronto oo baahsasan. Warshaddan hadda waxaa ku jira ku dhawaad 130 unug oo CHP ah oo wata wadarta awoodda in ka badan 115 MW. Ilaa 2020, waxaa si wada jir ah u maamula ČEZ a.s. iyo TEDOM a.s. Iyadoo lagu xirayo gelitaanka Jet Investment a.s. ee TEDOM a.s., saamiga 49.9% ee TEDOM a.s. ee ČEZ Energo waxaa helay ČEZ ESCO, a.s. Sannadkii 2012, soo saarida basaska magaalada waa la joojiyay. Isla markaas, badeecad cusub ayaa la horumariyay - POLO 100 gaas [[heat pump|bamka kulaylka]] kaas oo, sannadkii xigay, ku guuleys Tuttaviab Abaalmarinta Hal-abuurka Sannadka ee tartanka "Mashruuca Tamarta iyo Deegaanka Czech". Wuxuu ahaa isla sannadkan markii TEDOM ay gashay qandaraas lala galay shirkadda hormuudka u ah injineernimada tamarta Czech ee ČEZ ee ku saabsan keenista iyo adeegga unugyada CHP: TEDOM waxay ku heshiisay in ay keento in ka badan 100 unug oo CHP ah oo wata wadarta awoodda korontada oo ka badan 100MW muddo shan sano ah. Sannadkii 2013, mashruucii ballaarnaa ee dibadda ee Sydney, waa la dhammeeyey, halkaas oo TEDOM ay ka dhistay laba xarumood oo [[trigeneration]] ah oo wata wadarta awoodda korontada ee 11.8MW. Laga soo bilaabo 2013, TEDOM waxaa si joogto ah loo geliyay tartanka shirkadaha "Czech Top 100". Sannadkii 2016, TEDOM waxay u dabaaldegtay 25 sano oo hawlgal ah iyo in ka badan 3500 oo unug oo CHP ah oo la soo saaray oo wata calaamadda ganacsiga TEDOM. Iskaashi lala yeeshay shirkadda Maraykanka ee [[Tecogen Inc.]], waxaa la aasaasay iskaashi ganacsi oo ah TTCogen si loo iibiyo unugyada TEDOM CHP ee dhulka Maraykanka. Saamiga TEDOM ee TTCogen wuxuu ahaa 50%. Isla sannadkan, TEDOM waxay sidoo kale iibsatay shirkadda Jarmalka ee [[SCHNELL Motoren]] - mid ka mid ah soo-saarayaasha hormuudka u ah unugyada CHP ee loogu talagalay inta badan dhirta biogas. TEDOM waxay la wareegtay hantida shirkadda iyo 300 oo shaqaale ah oo ka tirsan warshadda soo saarida ee Wangen, oo ay ku jirto shabakad adeeg oo ballaaran. Sidoo kale isla sannadkan, TEDOM waxay ka guuleysatay abaalmarin [[HSBC|Bangiga HSBC]] si ay u noqoto guuleystaha tartanka [[HSBC International Business Award]]. Sannadkii 2017 TEDOM iyo shirkadaha kale, ee la wadaagta hantida TEDOM, waxay bilaabeen inay si wadajir ah uga dhex shaqeeyaan Kooxda TEDOM. Hadafka guud ee dhammaan xubnaha kooxda waa taageero labada dhinac ah inta lagu jiro soo saarida iyo hawlgelinta mashiinnada tamarta kaydiya ee soo saarida isku-dhafka ah ee kuleylka iyo tamarta iyo iskaashiga suuqa caalamiga ah. Hadda, xubnaha Kooxda TEDOM waa: TEDOM a.s. (Czech Republic) TEDOM SCHNELL GmbH (Jarmalka), TEDOM s.r.o. (Slovakia), TEDOM Poland SP.z.o.o. (Poland), OOO TEDOM-RU (Ruushka), TEDOM USA Inc. (USA). Sannadkii 2018 iskaashigii ganacsiga ee TTCogen waa la joojiyay. TEDOM waxay sii waddaa inay ka shaqeyso Maraykanka iyada oo sii mareysa shirkaddeeda hoos timaada ee TEDOM USA Inc. Sannadkii 2019, Jet Investment a.s. iyada oo sii mareysa sanduuqeedii maalgashadayaasha aqoonta leh ee Jet2 waxay heshay 55% saami ah TEDOM, a.s. Iibsashada oo dhan ee shirkadda waxaa la dhammeeyey sannadkii 2020 markii sanduuqa Jet2 uu helay 45% ee hartay, taas oo ay lahayd shirkadda Qubrus ee Moufleco holdings limited. Maalgashiga Jet waxay noqotay milkiilaha keliya ee TEDOM a.s. sidoo kale shirkadaha xiriirka la leh. Isla markaas, saamiga 49.9% ee ČEZ Energo s.r.o. ee ay lahayd TEDOM a.s. waxaa loo iibiyay ČEZ ESCO, a.s. Sannadkii 2020, khad alaab oo cusub oo ah unugyada cogeneration ee FLEXI ayaa la bilaabay. Sannadkii 2024, shirkaddu waxaa iibsatay [[Yanmar]], oo ah koox injineernimo oo [[Japan|Jabaan]] ah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tedom.com/en/new-japanese-investor-in-the-czech-republic-yanmar-group-completes-acquisition-of-tedom/|title=New Japanese Investor in the Czech Republic: Yanmar Group Completes Acquisition of TEDOM|work=TEDOM|access-date=2024-11-19|language=en}}</ref> == Badeecadaha TEDOM == === Unugyada CHP === TEDOM waxay ku takhasustay dhoofinta, soo saarida, rakibidda iyo hawlgelinta unugyada CHP. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay bixisaa agabka iyo adeegyada la xiriira. TEDOM waxay bixisaa unugyada CHP saddex taxane oo alaab ah: MICRO (ilaa 50&nbsp;kW), CENTO (ilaa 220&nbsp;kW), FLEXI (ilaa 555&nbsp;kW) QUANTO (ilaa 4,5 MW). Alaabada khad kasta oo gaar ah waxaa lagu soo saaraa laba qaab oo aasaasi ah: oo wata shaqo [[frequency|jeer]] oo ah 50 [[Hertz]] (loogu talagalay inta badan suuqa Yurub) ama 60 Hertz (loogu talagalay inta badan suuqa Maraykanka). Marka laga reebo gaaska dabiiciga ah, inta badan unugyada CHP waxay sidoo kale awood u leeyihiin inay ku shaqeeyaan [[biogas]], [[landfill gas|gaaska qashinka ququbka]], ama gaaska miinooyinka. Shirkaddu waxay bixisaa unugyada CHP noocyo dhowr ah iyadoo ku xiran deegaanka uu unuggu ku qasban yahay inuu ka shaqeeyo: nooc aan lahayn qolka codka (loogu talagalay rakibidda meelaha codka ka celinaya), oo wata qolka codka (loogu talagalay rakibidda gudaha), iyo nooc konteenar ah (loogu talagalay rakibidda dibadda). Unugyada CHP waxay si dhow u xiriiraan unugyada trigeneration, laakiin marka lagu daro tamarta iyo kuleylka, unugyada trigeneration waxay sidoo kale soo saaraan tamar qabow. TEDOM waxay ku dartay unugyada trigeneration ee portfolio-geeda sidoo kale. Shirkaddu waxay intaa waxaa dheer bixisaa alaabooyinka la xiriira hawlgelinta unugyada CHP (warshadaha daaweynta gaaska, kulayl-is-weydaarsiyada qiiqa, economisers, iyo qalab kale oo la xiriira). Shirkaddu waxay sidoo kale bixisaa bamka kulaylka gaaska ee TEDOM Polo 100.<ref>Citation error. Mouse-over '[verification needed]' for pop-up msg. {{verify source |date=September 2023 |reason=This ref was deleted Special:Diff/768906278 by a bug in VisualEditor and later identified by a bot. The original cite can be found at Special:Permalink/764333911 (or in a rev close to it) as cite #35 - find and verify the cite and replace this template with it (2). [[User:GreenC bot/Job 18]]}}</ref> Marka laga reebo mashiinnada ay soo saartay, TEDOM waxay ku qalabaysaa unugyada CHP mashiinnada ay sameeyeen Kubota, [[Liebherr]], MAN, MWM iyo Scania.<ref>Citation error. Mouse-over '[verification needed]' for pop-up msg. {{verify source |date=September 2023 |reason=This ref was deleted Special:Diff/768906278 by a bug in VisualEditor and later identified by a bot. The original cite can be found at Special:Permalink/764333911 (or in a rev close to it) as cite #36 - find and verify the cite and replace this template with it (2). [[User:GreenC bot/Job 18]]}}</ref> Intaa waxaa dheer, shirkaddu waxay también bixisay bamka kulaylka gaaska ee TEDOM Polo 100 ilaa 2020. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, soo saarideeda waa la joojiyay. [[File:POLO GHP.jpg|thumb|Bamka Kulaylka Gaaska TEDOM POLO 100]] === Farsamada Waddada === [[File:TEDOM-400-FOX Radlo-P1000665.JPG|thumb|Gaari Xamuul ah TEDOM FOX]] Sannadkii 2004, Qeybta Basaska ee TEDOM waxay bilowday soo saarida baska magaalada ee dabaqa hooseeya oo ku shaqeeya mashiinka gaaska dabiiciga ah. Shirkaddu waxay heshay [[know-how|aqoonta farsamada]] ee lagama maarmaanka ah iyadoo iibsatay liisanka ka yimid soo-saaraha Talyaaniga ee Mauri. Sidaas darteed, sannadkii 2004 TEDOM waxay noqotay soo-saarihii saddexaad ee basaska ee Czech Republic ka dib [[Karosa]] ([[Iveco Czech Republic]] ilaa 2007) iyo [[SOR Libchavy]]. Warshad cusub oo soo saarid ah ayaa laga dhisay Třebíč iyadoo lagu xirayo hawlahan ganaksi. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka mid ah kunka xabo ee la qorsheeyay in la soo saaro, warshaddii cusub ee soo saarida waxay awoodday inaysan soo saarin wax ka badan ilaa 200 oo bas oo loo geeyay inta badan Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bulgaria, and Jarmalka. Sababtoo ah shaqooyin dalab ah oo la'aan awgeed, TEDOM waxay go'aansatay inay joojiso soo saarida basaska bishii Janaayo 2012. Sannadkii 2006, TEDOM Truck s.r.o. waxaa loo abuuray shirkad hoos timaada TEDOM. Shirkaddani waxay daba gashay soo saarida gawaarida xamuulka ee LIAZ. Gaar ahaan, [[LIAZ 300]] iyo moodelka [[LIAZ 400]]. Aqoonta farsamada ee lagama maarmaanka ah waxay timid iyadoo la xiriirta iibsashada warshadda mashiinnada Jablonec. Shirkaddu waxay bilowday inay iibiso gawaarida xamuulka iyadoo hoos imaanaysa magaca cusub ee TEDOM. Portfolio-gu wuxuu bixiyay gawaari xamuul ah oo ay wado ama mashiinka dizelka (TEDOM-D) ama mashiinka gaaska (TEDOM-G). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guud ahaan, shirkaddu waxay keentay 19 unug oo keliya intii ay jirtay oo dhan, taas oo ku dambaysay in lagu daro liquidation sidii lagu go'aamiyay kulan guud sannadkii 2009. == Badeecadaha == === Unugyada CHP (50 Hz) === [[File:Brno, Autotec, Tedom venku.jpg|thumb|Bus [[:cs:TEDOM Kronos 123|TEDOM Kronos 123]] G]] * Taxanaha MICRO ** Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas ** Awoodda korontada: laga bilaabo 20&nbsp;kW ilaa 50&nbsp;kW * Taxanaha CENTO ** Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas ** Awoodda korontada: laga bilaabo 81&nbsp;kW ilaa 220&nbsp;kW *Taxanaha FLEXI **Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas **Awoodda korontada: laga bilaabo 260&nbsp;kW ilaa 555&nbsp;kW * Taxanaha QUANTO ** Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas ** Awoodda korontada: laga bilaabo 600&nbsp;kW ilaa 4 500&nbsp;kW === Unugyada CHP (60 Hz) === * Taxanaha MICRO ** Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas ** Awoodda korontada: laga bilaabo 27&nbsp;kW ilaa 55&nbsp;kW * Taxanaha CENTO ** Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas ** Awoodda korontada: laga bilaabo 150&nbsp;kW ilaa 220&nbsp;kW *Taxanaha FLEXI **Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas **Awoodda korontada:laga bilaabo 285&nbsp;kW ilaa 555&nbsp;kW *Taxanaha QUANTO **Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas **Awoodda korontada: laga bilaabo 600&nbsp;kW ilaa 2000&nbsp;kW === Unugyada Trigeneration === * Taxanaha CENTO ** Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas ** Awoodda korontada: 200&nbsp;kW * Taxanaha QUANTO ** Qaababka ku shaqeeya gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo biogas ** Awoodda korontada: 600&nbsp;kW ilaa 2000&nbsp;kW === Kuwo Kale === * Nidaamka daaweynta gaaska * Economisers == Badeecadaha Hore == === Unugyada GHP === * Bamka kulaylka gaaska ee POLO 100 === Basaska === * [[TEDOM Kronos 122]] * [[TEDOM Kronos 123]] * [[TEDOM C 12]] * [[TEDOM C 18]] * [[TEDOM L 12]] === Gawaarida Xamuulka === * [[LIAZ 400|TEDOM Fox]] ==Sidoo kale eeg== {{Portal|Czech Republic|Energy}} * [[Energy in the Czech Republic]] ==Tixraacyo== {{Reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == * [http://cogeneration.tedom.com/ Bogga rasmiga ah ee TEDOM] {{Wayback|url=http://cogeneration.tedom.com/ |date=20180228023958 }} * [http://www.schnellmotoren.de/ Bogga rasmiga ah ee SCHNELL] * [http://www.cezenergo.cz/cs/uvod.html Bogga rasmiga ah ee ČEZ Energo] * [http://www.tedomgroup.com/?lang=en Bogga rasmiga ah ee Kooxda TEDOM] {{Authority control}} nucn419kkia7c1yeyyvsccmoj5527yx 0 51041 305717 305659 2026-08-24T04:13:54Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 305717 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German place |image_coa = |coordinates = {{coord|52|24|N|12|47|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Groß Kreutz (Havel) in PM.png |state = |district = Potsdam-Mittelmark |elevation = 33 |area = 98.95 |postal_code = 14550 |area_code = 033207 |licence = PM |Gemeindeschlüssel = 12 0 69 249 |divisions = 8 [[Ortsteil]]e |website = [https://www.gross-kreutz.de/ www.gross-kreutz.de] |mayor = Reth Kalsow<ref>[https://wahlen.brandenburg.de/wahlen/de/kommunalwahlen/bm-wahlen/ergebnisse/~12069000 Landkreis Potsdam-Mittelmark Wahl der Bürgermeisterin / des Bürgermeisters] {{Wayback|url=https://wahlen.brandenburg.de/wahlen/de/kommunalwahlen/bm-wahlen/ergebnisse/~12069000 |date=20210709182034 }}, accessed 2 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;27 |party = CDU }} [[File:Bochow church pond.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Kaniisadda ku taal Bochow]] '''Groß Kreutz''' waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Potsdam-Mittelmark]], ee [[Brandenburg]], [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Dugsiga Dadweynaha == <gallery widths="250" heights="200"> File:Bevölkerungsentwicklung Groß Kreutz.pdf|Horumarinta dadweynaha ilaa 1875 xuduudaha hadda (Xadka Buluuga ah: Dadweynaha; Xadka dhibcaha leh: Isbarbar dhiga horumarinta dadweynaha ee gobolka Brandenburg; Asalka cawl: Waqtigii [[Nazi Germany]]; Asalka cas: Waqtigii shuuciga [[East Germany]]) File:Bevölkerungsprognosen Groß Kreutz.pdf|Horumarinta dadweynaha ee dhawaan iyo saadaasha (Horumarinta dadweynaha ka hor tirakoobka 2011 (xadka buluuga ah); Horumarinta dadweynaha ee dhawaan iyadoo la raacayo [[Census in Germany|Tirakoobka Jarmalka]] ee 2011 (xadka buluuga ah ee wareegsan); Saadaasha rasmiga ah ee 2005-2030 (xadka huruuda ah); ee 2017-2030 (xadka cas); ee 2020-2030 (xadka cagaaran) </gallery> {{historical populations |align=none | cols=3 | percentages=pagr |title = Groß Kreutz (Havel): Horumarinta dadweynaha <br />ee xuduudaha hadda (2020)<ref>Xogta faahfaahsan waxaa laga helaa Wikimedia Commons.[[:commons:Category:Population projection Brandenburg|Population Projection Brandenburg at Wikimedia Commons]]{{Circular reference|date=March 2024}}</ref> | 1875 | 4371 | 1890 | 5068 | 1910 | 5091 | 1925 | 5117 | 1939 | 6858 | 1950 | 8593 | 1964 | 7321 | 1971 | 7332 | 1981 | 6987 | 1985 | 7001 | 1990 | 6993 | 1995 | 7323 | 2000 | 8364 | 2005 | 8474 | 2010 | 8197 | 2015 | 8133 | 2016 | 8275 | 2017 | 8381 | 2018 | 8558 | 2019 | 8618 | 2020 | 8738 }} == Kooxda "Groß Kreutz" == Degmadani waxay magaceeda siisay Kooxda Groß Kreutz<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abcnyheter.no/livet/2015/07/11/194410120/piken-mod-fangelistene |title=Wanda Maria Heger |accessdate=2017-02-08 |work= |publisher=abcnyheter |language=Norwegian }}</ref> oo ahayd dad Noorwiiji ah oo musaafur ku ahaa kuwaas oo ka shaqaynayay hawlaha gargaarka bani'aadannimada marxaladihii dambe ee [[WWII|Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]], kuna salaysnaa dhul ku yaal deegaanka. Hindisayaasha kooxdu waxaa ka mid ahaa hawlgalkii [[White Buses]] guga 1945. Xubnaha kooxda waxaa ka mid ahaa [[Johan Bernhard Hjort]], [[Didrik Arup Seip]] iyo [[Wanda Hjort Heger]].<ref>[[:no:Groß Kreutz|Maqaalka Wikipedia ee Noorwiijiga ee Groß Kreutz]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=February 2017}} == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gross Kreutz}} 7icvnwasjnbxyxacb3ozmmipgu1qwwd 0 51069 305691 2026-08-23T18:39:29Z Soalt 39618 sarabiyon 305691 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: 250px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |- | colspan="2" style="margin-left: inherit; background:#DEB887; text-align:center; font-size: medium;" |Qadiim ah<br>'''Sarabiyon''' |- align="center" | colspan="2" | <div style="position:relative; margin: 0 0 0 0; border-collapse: collapse; border="1" cellpadding="0"> [[File:Periplous of the Erythraean Sea.svg|250px|.]]</div> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | '''Meesha''' | [[Muqdisho]], [[Soomaaliya]] |- style="vertical-align: top;" | '''Waqtiga''' | Qarnigii kowaad milaadiga ka dib<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Joseph |first1=Dan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5aBxDwAAQBAJ&q=Sarapion+&pg=PP1 |title=Inside Al-Shabaab: The Secret History of Al-Qaeda's Most Powerful Ally |last2=Maruf |first2=Harun |date=2018-10-01 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=978-0-253-03751-0 |pages=7 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=McKenna |first=Amy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6SufcWs47LgC&q=Ptolemy+1st+century |title=The History of Central and Eastern Africa |date=2011-01-15 |publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc |isbn=978-1-61530-322-9 |pages=76 |language=en}}</ref> |- style="vertical-align: top;" |- align="center" | colspan="2" | |- style="vertical-align: top;" <!--| colspan=2 | <small>{{{footnotes}}}</small> --> |} '''Sarabiyon''' (Giriig Hore: Σαράπιον, Af Ingiriis: Sarapion) wuu ahay magaalo qadiim ah uu ku yaalay [[Geeska Afrika (goob)|Geeska Afrika]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Moti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rDL4kA7SWkEC&q=Sarapion+mogadishu |title=Trade And Trade Routes In Ancient India |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=978-81-7017-055-6 |pages=113 |language=en}}</ref> ==History== Magaaloda waa la rumeysan yahay inay yaalshay meel ka dhaxayso [[Muqdisho]] iyo [[Warshiikh]]. Buugga aqoonyahanka Giriigga Batolomey, Geographia, waa lagu xusay inuu ahay dakadaha ganacsataha doon u qaadanaya [[Badweynta Hindiya|Badwaynta Hindiga]] ku joogsan jireen mid ka mid ah. Dakado kale way ahaayeen Aromata (Damo) iyo Opone.<ref>An introduction to Somali history from 5000 years B.C. down to the present time By Mohamed Jama p. 19</ref><ref>Boats of the World: From the Stone Age to Medieval Times By Seán McGrail p. 52</ref> ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} icwfzsrq6rjgj4djkils8hr1ummofov 0 51070 305709 2026-08-24T04:02:51Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = |image_coa = |coordinates = {{coord|51|0|N|12|7|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Gutenborn in BLK.svg |state = |district = Burgenlandkreis |Verbandsgemeinde = Droyßiger-Zeitzer Forst |elevation = |area = 33.93 |postal_code = 06712 |area_code = 03441, 034423 |licence = BLK |Gemeindeschlüssel = 15084207 |website = [http://www.vgem-dzf.de/ www.vgem-dzf.de] |mayor = Karsten Beyer<ref>[https://wahlergebnisse.sachsen-anhalt.de/wahlen/bmbm/index.html Bürgermeisterwahlen in den Gemeinden, Endgültige Ergebnisse], [[Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt]]. Retrieved 6 July 2023.</ref> |leader_term = 2023&ndash;30 |party = CDU }} '''Gutenborn''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Burgenlandkreis]], ee gobolka [[Saxony-Anhalt|Sachsen-Anhalt]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxaa la aasaasay 1 Janaayo 2010 iyadoo la mideeyay degmooyinkii hore ee [[Bergisdorf]], [[Droßdorf]], [[Heuckewalde]] iyo [[Schellbach]].<ref>[https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Laender-Regionen/Regionales/Gemeindeverzeichnis/Namens-Grenz-Aenderung/2010.html Gebietsänderungen vom 01. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2010], [[Statistisches Bundesamt]]</ref> == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} oik33cyhis9qcq0jhzd1lo7pv6yt8ac 0 51071 305710 2026-08-24T04:04:27Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305710 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Guteneck COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|49|27|N|12|17|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Guteneck in SAD.svg |state = |region = Oberpfalz |district = Schwandorf |Verwaltungsgemeinschaft = Nabburg |elevation = 390-603 |area = 35.06 |postal_code = 92543 |area_code = 0 94 33 u. 0 96 75 |licence = SAD |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 3 76 133 |website = [http://www.guteneck.de/ www.guteneck.de] |mayor = Johann Wilhelm<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 |party = CSU }} '''Guteneck''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Schwandorf (district)|Schwandorf]] ee gobolka [[Bavaria]] dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} m5l34wxlklco1631fir3d6ho4i4jmat 0 51072 305711 2026-08-24T04:06:16Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Gutenstetten COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|49|37|N|10|37|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Gutenstetten in NEA.svg |state = |region = Mittelfranken |district = Neustadt a.d.Aisch-Bad Windsheim |Verwaltungsgemeinschaft = Diespeck |elevation = 287 |area = 21.37 |postal_code = 91468 |area_code = 09161 |licence = NEA |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 5 75 128 |divisions = 7 [[Ortsteil|xaafadood]] |website = [http://www.gutenstetten.de/ www.gutenstetten.de] |mayor = Gerhard Eichner<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 |party = }} '''Gutenstetten''' waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim]] ee gobolka [[Bavaria]] dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Duqa magaalada == * Gerhard Eichner, CSU, tan iyo 2014 * Helmut Reiß, Muwaadiniinta Madaxa Bannaan (Unabhängige Bürger), 2002 - 2014 * Robert Maderer, CSU, 1985 - 2002 * Lorenz Schneider, CSU, 1972 - 1985 == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Commonscat}} {{Authority control}} jwx58phhjdvf1ocba3mu24d510fbfpm 0 51073 305712 2026-08-24T04:08:15Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305712 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = Gutweiler 2010.jpg |image_coa = DEU Gutweiler COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|49|43|12|N|6|43|36|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Gutweiler in TR.svg |state = |district = Trier-Saarburg |Verbandsgemeinde = Ruwer |elevation = 300 |area = 2.51 |postal_code = 54317 |area_code = 06588 |licence = TR |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 35 038 |website = [http://www.gutweiler.de/ www.gutweiler.de] |mayor = Ralph Biedinger<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2350000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Landkreis Trier-Saarburg], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 2 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 }} '''Gutweiler''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Trier-Saarburg]], ee [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{commons category}} {{Authority control}} asv0zv0876cft7iscnd5cwzk2ummp13 0 51074 305714 2026-08-24T04:10:21Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305714 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Habach COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|47|44|N|11|17|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Habach in WM.svg |image_photo =Habach GO-1.jpg |image_caption = Habach oo laga eegay xagga waqooyi |state = |region = Upper Bavaria |district = Weilheim-Schongau |elevation = 652 |area = 12.15 |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09190126 |postal_code = 82392 |area_code = 08847 |licence = WM |website = [http://www.habach.de www.habach.de] |mayor = Michael Strobl Jr.<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 }} '''Habach''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhaːbax}}) waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Weilheim-Schongau]], ee gobolka [[Bavaria]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} mzv0ubqto3790f7ne61qlz7z9le1f0l 0 51075 305715 2026-08-24T04:12:04Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305715 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Habscheid |type = |image_photo = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_coa = DEU Habscheid COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|50|11|20|N|6|16|06|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Habscheid in BIT.svg |state = |district = Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm |Verbandsgemeinde = Prüm |elevation = 500 |area = 17.60 |postal_code = 54597 |area_code = 06556, 06559 |licence = BIT |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 32 231 |website = [http://www.habscheid-eifel.de/ www.habscheid-eifel.de] |mayor = Dietmar Fuchs<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2320000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 6 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 |Bürgermeistertitel = Ortsbürgermeister }}{{Expand German|topic=geo}} '''Habscheid''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Bitburg-Prüm|Bitburg-Prüm]], ee [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], galbeedka dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} jwxe6yq6lwn876lm0u6xrbv1dktmy6i 305716 305715 2026-08-24T04:12:22Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305716 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Habscheid |type = |image_photo = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_coa = DEU Habscheid COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|50|11|20|N|6|16|06|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Habscheid in BIT.svg |state = |district = Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm |Verbandsgemeinde = Prüm |elevation = 500 |area = 17.60 |postal_code = 54597 |area_code = 06556, 06559 |licence = BIT |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 32 231 |website = [http://www.habscheid-eifel.de/ www.habscheid-eifel.de] |mayor = Dietmar Fuchs<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2320000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 6 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 |Bürgermeistertitel = Ortsbürgermeister }} '''Habscheid''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Bitburg-Prüm|Bitburg-Prüm]], ee [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], galbeedka dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} qo86pd5zjjsozztq43fz02ykgwgsbza 0 51076 305718 2026-08-24T04:14:14Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305718 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Hademstorf COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|52|43|N|09|38|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan =Hademstorf_in_HK.svg |state = |district = Heidekreis |Samtgemeinde = Ahlden |elevation = 28 |area = 9.23 |postal_code = 29693 |area_code = 05071 |licence = HK, SFA |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 3 58 012 |mayor = Ulrike Wiechmann-Wrede |Bürgermeistertitel= Bürgermeisterin }} '''Hademstorf''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Heidekreis]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} iq24nw41tb84cnlhaeh55wh8jur593n 0 51077 305719 2026-08-24T04:15:42Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305719 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = |image_coa = DEU Hadenfeld COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|54|1|58|N|9|27|29|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hadenfeld in IZ.png |state = |district = Steinburg |Amt = Schenefeld |elevation = 19 |area = 2.35 |postal_code = 25560 |area_code = 04892 |licence = IZ |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 61 033 |website = |mayor = Rolf Strauch |party = }} '''Hadenfeld''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Steinburg]], ee [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} mtef7a7fk3dve0775t5144ukgut5a2u 0 51078 305720 2026-08-24T04:17:27Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305720 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = Hagenburg_wappen.jpg |coordinates = {{coord|52|26|N|9|19|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hagenburg in SHG.svg |state = |district = Schaumburg |Samtgemeinde = Sachsenhagen |elevation = 40 |area = 16.23 |postal_code = 31558 |area_code = 05033 |licence = SHG |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 2 57 010 |divisions = 2 |website = [http://www.hagenburg.de/ www.hagenburg.de] |mayor = Karl-Wilhelm Möller |party = CDU }} '''Hagenburg''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Schaumburg]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} if76snn6wszbw5t56shxlb4biv14kei 0 51079 305721 2026-08-24T04:19:42Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305721 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location | name = Hagsfeld | type = Borough | City = Karlsruhe | image_coa = Wappen Hagsfeld.svg | image_plan = Locator map Hagsfeld in Karlsruhe.svg | plantext = Goobta Hagsfeld ee Karlsruhe | state = | district = [[Urban districts of Germany|Urban district]] | coordinates = {{coord|49|2|N|8|27|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | population = 7119 | population_as_of = 2014-06-30 | pop_ref = | area = 7.1762 | elevation = 114 | postal_code = 76139 | area_code = 0721 }} '''Hagsfeld''' waa degmo ka tirsan waqooyi bari ee [[Karlsruhe]], Jarmalka. Hagsfeld waxay xuduud la leedahay degmada [[Stutensee]] ee [[Blankenloch]] xagga waqooyi, [[Weingarten (Baden)|Weingarten]] xagga waqooyi-bari iyo degmooyinka Karlsruhe ee [[Grötzingen]] xagga bari, [[Durlach]] xagga koonfur-bari, [[Rintheim]] xagga koonfureed iyo [[Waldstadt (Karlsruhe)|Waldstadt]] xagga galbeed. Degmada waxaa loo sii qaybiyaa ''Alt-Hagsfeld'' iyo ''Westlicher Teil''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://web3.karlsruhe.de/Stadtentwicklung/siska/pdf/Jahrbuch2009_Kapitel_01.pdf |title=Stadtgebiet und Flächennutzung |last= |first= |date=2009 |website=karlsruhe.de |publisher=City of Karlsruhe |access-date=8 December 2024 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160519030158/http://web3.karlsruhe.de/Stadtentwicklung/siska/pdf/Jahrbuch2009_Kapitel_01.pdf |archive-date=19 May 2016 |quote=}}</ref> == Taariikhda == Sanadkii 991 Hagsfeld waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay magaca "Habachesfelt". Sida ay sheegto dhaqanka, magacu wuxuu ka yimid xaqiiqda ah in bulsho cusub lagu dhisay dhul ama beer ka buuxda "Habachen" (laga yaabo inay yihiin geedo).<ref name="EJH">{{cite book |last=Linder |first=Gerhard Friedrich |author-link= |date=1991 |title=Eintausend Jahre Hagsfeld |url= |location= |publisher=City of Karlsruhe |page= |isbn=978-3-89735-335-0}}</ref><ref name="meinKA">{{cite web |url=https://meinka.de/hagsfeld/ |title=Hagsfeld – der zweigeteilte Karlsruher Stadtteil |last=Hofheinz |first=Melanie |date=19 June 2023 |website=meinka.de |publisher=meinKA |access-date=2 May 2024 |quote=}}</ref> December 2, 1261, [[Pope Urban IV]] wuxuu xaqiijiyay in "Hagesvelt" iyo dhammaan beeraha hoos yimaada ay ka tirsanaayeen [[Gottesaue Monastery|Katifka Gottesaue]]. Markabkii [[Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Jakob I]] wuxuu Hagsfeld u dhaariyay wiilkiisa [[George of Baden]] sanadkii 1453. [[Laurentius Church Hagsfeld|Kaniisadda Laurentius]] iyo [[Friedhof Hagsfeld|xabaashii]] sidoo kale waxaa lagu xusay 1469 inay yihiin hantida Katiska Gottesaue.<ref name="EJH" /> [[Dagaalkii Sodonka Sano]] wuxuu sidoo kale dhibbane u geystay dad badan oo ku sugnaa Hagsfeld, sidaas darteed sanadkii 1650 waxaaharay kaliya 45 deganaa. Sanadkii 1851 Hagsfeld waxay ka koobnayd 110 guri oo ay ku noolaayeen guud ahaan 908 qof.<ref name="EJH" /> Ururka dab-damiska ee Hagsfeld waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1874 waxaana saldhigga tareenka ee ugu horreeyay la dhisay 1895. Tubada gaaska ee ugu horreysay waxay ku xigtay 1909, dadweynuhuna waxay gaareen 2,000 sanadkii 1911.<ref name="meinKA" /> Intii lagu guda jiray [[Xilligii Naasiga|xilligii Naasiga]], ururka jimicsiga xorta ah iyo naadiga ciyaaraha shaqaalaha waa la mamnuucay sanadkii 1933. April 1, 1938, Hagsfeld oo ay deganaayeen 2,962 qof ayaa lagu daray magaalada [[Karlsruhe]]. Bishii April 24 iyo 25 sanadkii 1944, diyaaradaha Ingiriiska ee marin habaabay ayaa ku tuuray bambooyin loogu talagalay aagga saldhigga tareenka Karlsruhe dusha Hagsfeld, iyo meel kale; deegaankii badankiis waa la burburiyay.<ref name="EJH" /> == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commonscat}} * [https://hagsfeld.de/ Ururka muwaadiniinta Hagsfeld] {{Authority control}} 3ftdg0rgbspmgh0cwoywx29ppz5fnd0 0 51080 305722 2026-08-24T04:22:02Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_flag = Flagge Halbemond.svg |image_coa = DEU Halbemond COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|34|N|07|16|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Halbemond in AUR.svg |state = |district = Aurich |Samtgemeinde = Hage |elevation = 1 |area = 6.55 |postal_code = 26524 |area_code = 0 49 36 |licence = AUR |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 4 52 010 |mayor = Hermann Gronewold |party = SPD }} '''Halbemond''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Aurich (district)|Aurich]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], Jarmalka. Waa hoyga [[Motodrom Halbemond]], oo ah mid ka mid ah garoomada tartanka mootooyinka ee ugu waaweyn Yurub.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Motodrom Halbemond - Bilder|url=https://www.ostfriesland.app/886-Motodrom-Halbemond.html|access-date=2021-03-20|website=www.ostfriesland.app|language=de}}</ref> == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} 8puk30mxef0lhjw780u8m2i3jws3zp3 0 51081 305723 2026-08-24T04:23:34Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{For|the river in Bavaria, Germany|Halblech (river)}} {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Halblech COA.svg |image_photo = Halblech - Buching v W, Abendsonne.jpg |image_caption = Muuqaalka qaybta degmada ee Buching |coordinates = {{coord|47|38|N|10|49|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Halblech in OAL.svg |state = |region = Schwaben |district = Ostallgäu |elevation = 800-2082 |area = 125.50 |postal_code = 87642 |area_code = 08368 |licence = OAL |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 7 77 173 |mayor = Johann Gschwill<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 |party = |website = [https://www.halblech.de/ www.halblech.de] }} '''Halblech''' waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Ostallgäu]] ee gobolka [[Bavaria]] dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxaa loogu magac daray webiga dhow ee [[Halblech (river)|Webiga Halblech]]. Sanadkii 1976, degmooyinkii hore ee Buching iyo Trauchgau ayaa lagu mideeyay Halblech. == Dadkii caanka ahaa == * [[Monika Bader]], ciyaaryahan Jarmal ah oo skiing ah {{wikivoyage}} == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} rg4dvirg8hzoq18yplltzgo0lfgbu25 0 51082 305724 2026-08-24T04:25:26Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305724 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Hallerndorf COA.svg |image_photo = Hallerndorf05.jpg |image_caption = Muuqaalka guud |coordinates = {{coord|49|46|N|10|59|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hallerndorf in FO.svg |state = |region = Oberfranken |district = Forchheim |elevation = 282 |area = 41.31 |postal_code = 91352 |area_code = 09545 |licence = FO |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 4 74 133 |divisions = 7 [[Ortsteil|xaafadood]] |website = [http://www.hallerndorf.de/ www.hallerndorf.de] |mayor = Gerhard Bauer<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 }} '''Hallerndorf''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhalɐndɔʁf}}) waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Forchheim (district)|Forchheim]] ee gobolka [[Bavaria]] dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} lenxixt7ty507yk9d2bpxzpbctbmj3g 0 51083 305725 2026-08-24T04:27:22Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Halsbach COA.svg |image_photo = Pfarrkirche Halsbach.JPG |image_caption = Kaniisadda Saint Martin |coordinates = {{coord|48|7|N|12|40|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Halsbach in AÖ.svg |state = |region = Oberbayern |district = Altötting |Verwaltungsgemeinschaft = Kirchweidach |elevation = 474 |area = 22.08 |postal_code = 84553 |area_code = 08623 |licence = AÖ |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 1 71 119 |website = [http://www.halsbach.de/ www.halsbach.de] |mayor = Martin Poschner<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], accessed 19 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 }} '''Halsbach''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhalsˌbax}}) waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Altötting (district)|Altötting]] ee gobolka [[Bavaria]] dalka Jarmalka. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} 973j13sexkoovjjkj05rt6jnqq6tb8x 0 51084 305726 2026-08-24T04:29:04Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Halsdorf |type = |image_photo = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_coa = Wappen Halsdorf.png |coordinates = {{coord|49|55|46|N|6|22|29|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Halsdorf in BIT.svg |state = |district = Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm |Verbandsgemeinde = Bitburger Land |elevation = 300 |area = 3.21 |postal_code = 54646 |area_code = 06522, 06527 |licence = BIT |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 32 045 |website = [http://www.bitburgerland.de/index.php?id=409 Halsdorf at the Bitburger Land website www.bitburgerland.de] |mayor = Berthold Heck<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2320000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 6 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 |Bürgermeistertitel = Ortsbürgermeister }} '''Halsdorf''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Bitburg-Prüm|Bitburg-Prüm]], ee [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], galbeedka dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} iyellrng00hjepttm96rgjzizu4idwx 0 51085 305727 2026-08-24T04:30:44Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Hambergen COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|19|N|08|49|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hambergen in OHZ.svg |state = |district = Osterholz |Samtgemeinde = Hambergen |elevation = 27 |area = 30.33 |postal_code = 27729 |area_code = 04793 |licence = OHZ |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 3 56 003 |divisions = |website = [https://www.hambergen.de/ www.hambergen.de] |mayor = Gerd Brauns |party = SPD }} '''Hambergen''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhambɛʁɡn̩}}) waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Osterholz|Osterholz]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxay ku taallaa qiyaastii 10&nbsp;km waqooyi ka xigta [[Osterholz-Scharmbeck]], iyo 25&nbsp;km waqooyi ka xigta [[Bremen]]. Waxay ka tirsanaan jirtay [[Archdiocese of Bremen|Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen]]. Sanadkii 1648 Prince-Archbishopric waxaa loo badalay [[Duchy of Bremen]], kaas oo markii ugu horreysay ay xukumaysay [[personal union]] oo ay la lahayd dowladda Iswiidhan isla markaana ka billowda 1715 ay xukumaysay Boqortooyada Hanoverian. Sanadkii 1823 Duchy waa la baabi'iyay oo dhulkeedu wuxuu noqday qayb ka mid ah [[Stade (region)|Gobolka Stade]]. Hambergen sidoo kale waa xarunta ''[[Samtgemeinde]]'' ("degmada wadajirka ah") ee [[Hambergen (Samtgemeinde)|Hambergen]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} 95tifzekd4s2arogi2mtetch3nmh8qf 0 51086 305728 2026-08-24T04:32:29Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305728 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = Wappen Hambrücken.svg |coordinates = {{coord|49|11|10|N|08|32|38|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hambrücken im Landkreis Karlsruhe.png |state = |region = Karlsruhe |district = Karlsruhe |elevation = 107 |area = 10.97 |postal_code = 76707 |area_code = 07255 |licence = KA |Gemeindeschlüssel = 08 2 15 029 |website = [http://www.hambruecken.de/ www.hambruecken.de] |mayor = Marc Wagner<ref>[https://www.staatsanzeiger.de/staatsanzeiger/wahlen/buergermeisterwahlen/ Aktuelle Wahlergebnisse], Staatsanzeiger, accessed 13 September 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;28 }} '''Hambrücken''' waa degmo ka tirsan waqooyiga degmada Karlsruhe ee [[Baden-Württemberg]], [[Germany|Jarmalka]], taas oo ku taal [[Bertha Benz Memorial Route]]. Waxay mataano la tahay magaalada iyo degmada [[La Bouëxière]], [[France|Faransiiska]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == *[https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.hambruecken.de/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3DHambrucken%26hl%3Den%26rls%3DWZPA,WZPA:2005-34,WZPA:en/ English translation of Hambrücken website] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070824144931/http://www.hambruecken.de/pages/index.htm Hambrücken website]{{in lang|de}} *[http://www.mairie-labouexiere.fr/ La Bouëxière website]{{in lang|fr}} *[https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://labouexiere.fr/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dla%2Bbouexiere%26hl%3Den%26rls%3DWZPA,WZPA:2005-34,WZPA:en/ English translation of La Bouëxière website] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hambrucken}} fiflk73m3xhtth7nnliptfx7izewwu2 0 51087 305730 2026-08-24T04:34:12Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305730 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |type = Gemeinde |name = Hambühren |image_coa = Wappen Hambuehren.png |coordinates = {{coord|52|38|N|09|59|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hambühren in CE.svg |state = |district = Celle |elevation = 36 |area = 56.81 |postal_code = 29313 |area_code = 05084, 05143 (Oldau) |licence = CE |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 3 51 012 |website = [https://www.hambuehren.de/ www.hambuehren.de] |mayor = Thomas Kranz<ref name=mayor>{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik.niedersachsen.de/download/169156|title=Verzeichnis der direkt gewählten Bürgermeister/-innen und Landräte/Landrätinnen|date=April 2021|publisher=[[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen]]}}</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 }} '''Hambühren''' ({{IPA|de|hamˈbyːʁən}}) waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Celle (district)|Celle]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxay ku taal qiyaastii {{Convert|7|km|mi|abbr=on}} galbeed ka xigta [[Celle]]. == Taariikhda == Laga soo bilaabo xagaagii 1944 ilaa Febraayo 1945, xero hoos timaada [[Bergen-Belsen concentration camp|xeryaha fiirsashada ee Bergen-Belsen]] ayaa ka shaqaynaysay Hambühren. Ay ilaalinayaan shaqaalaha SS, ku dhawaad 400 oo dumar ah oo maxaabiis ah ayaa lagu qasbay inay ballaariyaan macdantii hore ee [[potash]] isla markaana ay u dhigaan waddooyinka tareenka, shaqadaas oo ay fulisay shirkadda [[Hochtief]]. Tunelada waxaa loogu talagalay inay noqdaan goob wax soo saar oo dhulka hoostiisa ah oo loogu talagalay shirkadda diyaaradaha ee Bremen [[Focke-Wulf]].<ref name="New Exhibition Guide">{{cite book |editor-last=Knoch|editor-first=Habbo |year=2010 |title=Bergen-Belsen: Wehrmacht POW Camp 1940–1945, Concentration Camp 1943–1945, Displaced Persons Camp 1945–1950. Catalogue of the Permanent Exhibition |publisher=Wallstein |isbn=978-3-8353-0794-0}}</ref>{{rp|204}} == Magaalooyinka mataanaha ah - walaalaha ah == {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}} Hambühren waa [[Sister city|mataano]] la leh:<ref>{{cite news |title=Le comité de jumelage fête ses 30 ans |url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/verson-14790/le-comite-de-jumelage-fete-ses-30-ans-6c38610d-804a-41be-85e3-15b5580db190 |work=Ouest-France |publisher=Ouest-France |date=19 November 2022 |language=fr |access-date=15 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ville-verson.fr/decouvrir-verson/jumelages/buk/|title=Jumelage avec Buk}}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Verson]], Faransiiska *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Tourville-sur-Odon]], Faransiiska == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hambuhren}} ckwpn26557z6ucjbcnjn7tme0k2jcgz 0 51088 305731 2026-08-24T04:35:46Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305731 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = |image_flag = Flagge Hamdorf.png |image_coa = DEU Hamdorf COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|54|14|N|9|32|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hamdorf in RD.png |state = |district = Rendsburg-Eckernförde |Amt = Hohner Harde |elevation = 6 |area = 30.6 |postal_code = 24805 |area_code = 04332 |licence = RD |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 58 070 |website = [http://www.gemeinde-hamdorf.de/ www.gemeinde-hamdorf.de] |mayor = Jörg Thomsen |party = CDU }} '''Hamdorf''' ({{langx|da|Hammeltorp}}) waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Rendsburg-Eckernförde]], ee [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Hamdorf waxay ku taal Eiderknie oo ku taal qaybta koonfureed ee degmada wadajirka ah ee Hohner Harde. Aagga degmadu wuxuu daboolayaa 3,074 hektar. == Taariikhda == Helitaanno badan oo taariikhdiisu horay u jirtay iyo qodista u dhow Eider waxay muujinayaan in Hamdorf la degganaa tan iyo xilligii dhagaxa. Hamdorf waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay fal taariikhaysan May 28, 1285.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amt-hohner-harde.de/aktuelles2/link_cont_gemeinden_13_158_eintrag.html |title=Amt Hohner Harde - Gemeinden |website=www.amt-hohner-harde.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316064537/http://www.amt-hohner-harde.de/aktuelles2/link_cont_gemeinden_13_158_eintrag.html |archive-date=2009-03-16}} </ref> {{Cities and towns in Rendsburg-Eckernförde (district)}} == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} lx128g50beko69ep4ehq5okc9rm96sb 0 51089 305732 2026-08-24T04:37:18Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = |coordinates = {{coord|52|47|N|09|17|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hämelhausen in NI.svg |state = |district = Nienburg/Weser |Samtgemeinde = Grafschaft Hoya |elevation = 19 |area = 9.07 |postal_code = 27324 |area_code = 04254 |licence = NI |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 2 56 009 |mayor = Johann Meyer |party = }} '''Hämelhausen''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Nienburg (district)|Nienburg]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hamelhausen}} o0e31x6xtg41vgruynx4y0lpbk2hz83 0 51090 305733 2026-08-24T04:39:10Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305733 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German place |image_photo = |image_coa = |coordinates = {{coord|50|57|N|11|27|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hammerstedt in AP.png |state = |district = Weimarer Land |Verwaltungsgemeinschaft = Mellingen |elevation = 278 |area = 3.94 |postal_code = 99441 |area_code = 036453 |licence = AP |Gemeindeschlüssel = 16 0 71 027 |mayor = Holger Hartwig<ref>[https://wahlen.thueringen.de/datenbank/wahl1/wahl.asp?wahlart=BM&wJahr=0000&zeigeErg=LAND&auswertung=2 Gewählte Bürgermeister - aktuelle Landesübersicht], Freistaat Thüringen. Retrieved 25 June 2024.</ref> |leader_term = 2024&ndash;30 }} '''Hammerstedt''' waa [[Municipalities in Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Weimarer Land]] ee gobolka [[Thuringia]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} o0qcqktso4pcow278ytkc663andir6q 0 51091 305734 2026-08-24T04:40:29Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Hamfelde |image_photo = |image_flag = Flagge Hamfelde (Lauenburg).png |image_coa = DEU Hamfelde (Lauenburg) COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|35|49|N|10|26|53|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hamfelde in RZ.svg |state = |district = Herzogtum Lauenburg |Amt = Schwarzenbek-Land |elevation = 27 |area = 3.47 |postal_code = 22929 |area_code = 04154 |licence = RZ |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 53 049 |website = [http://www.amt-schwarzenbek-land.de/ www.amt-<br />schwarzenbek-land.de] |mayor = Jürgen Spriestersbach |party = }} '''Hamfelde''' ({{IPA|de|hamˈfɛldə}}) waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Lauenburg (district)|Herzogtum Lauenburg]], ee [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} fpx367ktc0z72ikb0uqok2yva188zko 0 51092 305735 2026-08-24T04:42:35Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305735 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = |image_coa = DEU Hammoor COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|42|56|N|10|19|26|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hammoor in OD.svg |state = |district = Stormarn |Amt = Bargteheide-Land |elevation = 41 |area = 7.82 |postal_code = 22941 |area_code = 04532 |licence = OD |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 62 027 |website = [http://www.bargteheide-land.de/ www.bargteheide-<br />land.de] |mayor = Helmut Drenkhahn |party = }} '''Hammoor''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Stormarn (district)|Stormarn]], ee [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} cwg6027bjiowdkcyr2x8f4wxpk3zue6 0 51093 305736 2026-08-24T04:44:32Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305736 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = |image_flag = Flagge Hamwarde.png |image_coa = DEU Hamwarde COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|27|N|10|25|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hamwarde in RZ.svg |state = |district = Herzogtum Lauenburg |Amt = Hohe Elbgeest |elevation = 49 |area = 6.68 |postal_code = 21502 |area_code = 04152 |licence = RZ |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 53 050 |website = [http://www.amt-hohe-elbgeest.de/ www.amt-hohe-<br />elbgeest.de] |mayor = Friedrich-Wilhelm Richard |party = SPD }} '''Hamwarde''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Lauenburg (district)|Herzogtum Lauenburg]], ee [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Magaaladu waxay ahayd bartilmaameed, waxaana ugu dambeyn qabsaday bataliyaanka 2aad ee [[Gordon Highlanders]], Guutada 227aad ee Highland, oo ahayd qayb ka mid ah [[15th (Scottish) Infantry Division]] intii lagu jiray hawlgalladii lagu gudbayay Webiga Elbe bishii April 1945. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} cq8f5zbupn0z69jcyvw9ryoe7r4kijo 0 51094 305737 2026-08-24T04:45:53Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305737 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = |image_flag = Flagge Hamweddel.png |image_coa = DEU Hamweddel COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|54|11|33|N|9|37|14|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hamweddel in RD.png |state = |district = Rendsburg-Eckernförde |Amt = Jevenstedt |elevation = 7 |area = 9.66 |postal_code = 24816 |area_code = 04875 |licence = RD |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 58 071 |website = [http://www.amt-jevenstedt.de/ www.amt-jevenstedt.de] |mayor = Monika Sievers |party = }} '''Hamweddel''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Rendsburg-Eckernförde]], ee [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} bovhwanrbzl5pes09xk63cdl864y9om 0 51095 305738 2026-08-24T04:47:26Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305738 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Handewitt |image_photo = |image_caption = |image_flag = Flagge Handewitt.png |image_coa = DEU Handewitt COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|54|46|N|09|19|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Handewitt in SL.PNG |state = |district = Schleswig-Flensburg |elevation = 43 |area = 77.72 |postal_code = 24976, 24983 |area_code = 04608, 04630 |licence = SL |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01059183 |website = [http://www.gemeinde-handewitt.de/ www.gemeinde-handewitt.de] |mayor = Thomas Rasmussen |party = }} '''Handewitt''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhandəvɪt}}; {{langx|da|Hanved}}) waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Schleswig-Flensburg]], ee [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxay ku taal meel u dhow xadka uu la wadaago dalka [[Denmark|Denmark]], qiyaastii 7&nbsp;km galbeed ka xigta [[Flensburg]]. == Kubadda Gacanta == {{main article|SG Flensburg-Handewitt}} Kooxda [[Handball-Bundesliga]] ee [[SG Flensburg-Handewitt]] waa mid aad u guuleysatay, iyadoo loo aqoonsaday mid ka mid ah kooxaha ugu fiican adduunka. Waxay ku guuleysatay [[EHF Cup]] 1997, 2001 iyo 2012 [[EHF Cup Winners' Cup]], [[DHB-Pokal]] 2003, 2004, 2005 iyo 2015, horyaalka Jarmalka 2004, 2018 iyo 2019, iyo 2014 [[EHF Champions League]]. == Dhaqaalaha == Meel u dhow waddada weyn ee A7, xarunta dukaameysiga iyo ganacsiga ee Scandinavian Park waxay si gaar ah u tixraacdaa macaamiisha ka imaada Scandinavia. Waxay daboolaysaa 125,000 m² waxaana la furay 2006. Mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu waaweyn waa Dänisches Bettenlager, oo ah laanta Jarmalka ee [[Jysk]], iyada oo maamulkeedu u hayo ku dhawaad 1000 dukaamo oo ku yaal Jarmalka iyo Austria. == Sidoo kale eeg == *[[Handewitt (Amt)]] == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} g4r778f0ib3zst6xet67l40aeaawo1l 0 51096 305739 2026-08-24T04:48:46Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305739 wikitext text/x-wiki {{distinguish|Hahndorf}} {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Handorf (Elbe) COA.svg |image_photo = Handorf Galeriehollaendermuehle-02.jpg |coordinates = {{coord|53|21|N|10|20|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Handorf in LG.svg |state = |district = Lüneburg |Samtgemeinde = Bardowick |elevation = 3 |area = 9.75 |postal_code = 21447 |area_code = 04133 |licence = LG |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 3 55 017 |mayor = Peter Herm |party = CDU }} '''Handorf''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Lüneburg (district)|Lüneburg]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Xarunta shirkadda daabacaadda muusikada ee [[:de:Lugert Verlag|Lugert Verlag GmbH]] ee soo saarta barnaamijka [[Forte (notation program)|Forte]] ee [[scorewriter]] ayaa ku taal degmada. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} 224lca4sq6tpjw1j23cufhnfekp47ws 0 51097 305740 2026-08-24T04:50:08Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Handrup COA.png |coordinates = {{coord|52|33|42|N|07|34|36|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Handrup in EL.svg |state = |district = Emsland |Samtgemeinde = Lengerich |elevation = 28 |area = 14.60 |postal_code = 49838 |area_code = 05904 |licence = EL |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 4 54 017 |website = [http://www.handrup.de/ www.handrup.de] |mayor = Josef Mauentöppen |party = CDU }} '''Handrup''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Emsland]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} h0x0pq6z3j6f2vz1tnzdmy1os9i4vep 0 51098 305741 2026-08-24T04:52:42Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305741 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Hanstedt |image_coa = DEU Hanstedt COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|16|N|10|01|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hanstedt in WL.svg |state = |district = Harburg |Samtgemeinde = Hanstedt |elevation = 45 |area = 59.3 |postal_code = 21271 |area_code = 04184 |licence = WL |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 3 53 016 |divisions = 4 |mayor = Olaf Muus |party = }} '''Hanstedt''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Harburg (district)|Harburg]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxay ku taal qiyaastii 35&nbsp;km koonfur ka xigta [[Hamburg]], iyo 25&nbsp;km galbeed ka xigta [[Lüneburg]]. Hanstedt sidoo kale waa xarunta ''[[Samtgemeinde]]'' ("degmada wadajirka ah") ee [[Hanstedt (Samtgemeinde)|Hanstedt]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} 1t6u8p32gzu8fl16pyqbk1msyoejqzp 0 51099 305742 2026-08-24T04:54:14Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = |image_coa = DE-ST 15-0-83-275 Harbke COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|52|11|N|11|3|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Harbke in BK.png |state = |district = Börde |Verbandsgemeinde = Obere Aller |elevation = 137 |area = 18.92 |postal_code = 39365 |area_code = 039406 |licence = BK |Gemeindeschlüssel = 15 0 83 275 |website = [http://www.obere-aller.de/ www.obere-aller.de] |mayor = Werner Müller<ref>[https://wahlergebnisse.sachsen-anhalt.de/wahlen/bmbm/index.html Bürgermeisterwahlen in den Gemeinden, Endgültige Ergebnisse], [[Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt]]. Retrieved 6 July 2023.</ref> |leader_term = 2023&ndash;30 |party = }} '''Harbke''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Börde (district)|Börde]] ee gobolka [[Saxony-Anhalt]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} hb8tyt8gzncq8cgan6fyodw7kx43ju2 0 51100 305743 2026-08-24T04:55:45Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |type = Stadt |name = Hardegsen |image_photo = Burg Hardegsen 3.jpg |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Hardeg Castle |image_coa = DEU Hardegsen COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|51|39|08|N|09|49|46|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hardegsen in NOM.svg |state = |district = Northeim |elevation = 191 |area = 84.03 |postal_code = 37181 |area_code = 05505 |licence = NOM, EIN, GAN |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 1 55 005 |website = [http://www.hardegsen.de/ www.hardegsen.de] |mayor = Lars Gunnar Gärner<ref name=mayor>{{cite web|url=https://wahlen.statistik.niedersachsen.de/KW2021/reports/DW/20210912_DW_Uebersicht.pdf|title=Direktwahlen in Niedersachsen vom 12. September 2021|date=13 October 2021|publisher=[[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen]]}}</ref> |leader_term = 2021&ndash;26 |party = SPD }} '''Hardegsen''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhaːɐ̯ˌdɛksn̩|-|De-Hardegsen.ogg}}) waa magaalo ka tirsan degmada [[Northeim (district)|Northeim]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxay ku taal qiyaastii 15&nbsp;km koonfur-galbeed ka xigta [[Northeim]], iyo 15&nbsp;km waqooyi-galbeed ka xigta [[Göttingen]]. [[Burg Hardeg]] waa [[castle|qalcad]] qadiimi ah oo ku taal Hardegsen. Qalcadda waxaa la aas aasay qarnigii 12-aad oo ahayd hoyga [[House of Welf]]. Sannadkii 1320 qalcadda dhagaxa ahayd waxaa dib u dhisay Conrad und Ludwig von Rosdorf. Dhamaadkii qarnigii 14-aad qalcaddu waxay u gudubtay Otto von Braunschweig zu Göttingen. Laga soo bilaabo 1568 ilaa 1823 waxay xarun u ahayd [[magistrate|maxkamadda]] deegaanka. Dhamaadkii qarnigii 18-aad, Burg Hardeg, oo mar ahayd qalcad amiir, ayaa laga xayuubiyay quruxdii hore waxaana loo beddelay guri beereed. Sannadkii 1972 ganacsigii wuu ka guuray qalcadda, maamulkeeduna wuxuu u gudbay degmada iyo bulshada ilaalinta deegaanka. == Gaadiidka == [[Solling Railway]] waxay ku xirtaa Hardegsen [[Northeim]] iyo qaybta koonfureed ee [[Solling-Vogler Nature Park]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} iwhuuz1bl5lri3rwxgnthdog1t81eah 0 51101 305744 2026-08-24T04:57:27Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = Hardert1.jpg |image_coa = DEU Hardert COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|50|31|07|N|07|31|04|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hardert in NR.svg |state = |district = Neuwied |Verbandsgemeinde = Rengsdorf-Waldbreitbach |elevation = 300 |area = 3.44 |postal_code = 56579 |area_code = 02634 |licence = NR |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 1 38 026 |website = [https://www.hardert.de/ www.hardert.de] |mayor = Heiko Schlosser<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/1380000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Landkreis Neuwied], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 5 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 }} '''Hardert''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Neuwied (district)|Neuwied]], ee gobolka [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} s3hwcujte3payduddy4sgm2bnu3223x 0 51102 305745 2026-08-24T04:59:30Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305745 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Hardheim COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|49|36|38|N|9|28|26|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hardheim in MOS.svg |state = |region = Karlsruhe |district = Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis |elevation = 250 |area = 87.02 |postal_code = 74736 |area_code = 06283 |licence = MOS, BCH |Gemeindeschlüssel = 08 2 25 032 |divisions = 8 |website = [https://www.hardheim.de/ www.hardheim.de] |mayor = Stefan Grimm<ref>[https://www.staatsanzeiger.de/wahl/buergermeisterwahl-hardheim-2022/ Bürgermeisterwahl Hardheim 2022], Staatsanzeiger.</ref> |leader_term = 2022&ndash;30 |party = FW }} '''Hardheim''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis]], ee gobolka [[Baden-Württemberg]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Magaaladu waxay xiriir [[town twinning|mataaneyn]] ah la leedahay [[Müntschemier]] oo ka tirsan dalka Switzerland iyo [[Suippes]] oo ka tirsan Faransiiska. Jiritaankeeda waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay qoraal ahaan 1050. Degmadu waxay ka kooban tahay Hardheim, Ruedental, Schweinberg, Gerichtstetten, Erfeld, Bretzingen, Dornberg, Ruetschdorf, Vollmersdorf iyo Breitenau. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} r52bob22tkr0s33jxtd0luwtihg7jfm 0 51103 305746 2026-08-24T05:01:49Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location | name = Hardtberg | name_local = | type = Borough | City = Bonn | image_photo = Rathaus Hardtberg Bonn 20100310a.jpg | image_caption = Hoolka Magaalada Hardtberg | image_flag = Flagge Amt Duisdorf.svg | image_coa = DEU Amt Duisdorf COA.svg | image_plan = Bonn Stadtbezirk Hardtberg.svg | plantext = Hardtberg within Bonn | state = North Rhine-Westphalia | regbzk = Cologne | district = urban | population = 34576 | population_as_of = 2020-12-31 | pop_ref = <ref name=pop>{{cite web|url=https://www2.bonn.de/statistik/dl/ews/Bevoelkerungsstatistik2020.pdf |title=Bevölkerung in der Bundesstadt Bonn Stichtag 31.12.2020|publisher=Bundesstadt Bonn Statistikstelle|access-date=28 September 2021}}</ref> | area = 11.9 | elevation = 71-162 | coordinates = {{Coord|50|42|49|N|7|03|14|E|region:DE-NW_type:city(31795)|display=it}} | postal_code = | area_code = 0228 | licence = BN | mayor = | Bürgermeistertitel = | party = | website = }} '''Hardtberg''' ({{lang-li|Ripuarian}}: ''Hardtbersch'') waa degmo hoose (''[[Stadtbezirk]]'') ka tirsan magaalada [[Bonn]], ee dalka Jarmalka. Waxay leedahay dad gaaraya 34,576 (2018).<ref name=pop/> == Magaalooyinka mataanaha ah == {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}} Hardtberg waxay mataan la tahay:<ref>{{cite web |title=Städtepartnerschaft mit Villemomble|url=https://www.bonn.de/bonn-erleben/besichtigen-entdecken/staedtepartnerschaft-hardtberg.php|website=bonn.de|publisher=Bonn|language=de|access-date=2021-02-10}}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Villemomble]], Faransiiska (1967) == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Districts of Bonn}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Urban districts and boroughs of Bonn]] {{Bonn-geo-stub}} 4zmne7ije63np1yjagzevbk53zx7yje 305748 305746 2026-08-24T05:02:09Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location | name = Hardtberg | name_local = | type = Borough | City = Bonn | image_photo = Rathaus Hardtberg Bonn 20100310a.jpg | image_caption = Hoolka Magaalada Hardtberg | image_flag = Flagge Amt Duisdorf.svg | image_coa = DEU Amt Duisdorf COA.svg | image_plan = Bonn Stadtbezirk Hardtberg.svg | plantext = Hardtberg within Bonn | state = | regbzk = Cologne | district = urban | population = 34576 | population_as_of = 2020-12-31 | pop_ref = <ref name=pop>{{cite web|url=https://www2.bonn.de/statistik/dl/ews/Bevoelkerungsstatistik2020.pdf |title=Bevölkerung in der Bundesstadt Bonn Stichtag 31.12.2020|publisher=Bundesstadt Bonn Statistikstelle|access-date=28 September 2021}}</ref> | area = 11.9 | elevation = 71-162 | coordinates = {{Coord|50|42|49|N|7|03|14|E|region:DE-NW_type:city(31795)|display=it}} | postal_code = | area_code = 0228 | licence = BN | mayor = | Bürgermeistertitel = | party = | website = }} '''Hardtberg''' ({{lang-li|Ripuarian}}: ''Hardtbersch'') waa degmo hoose (''[[Stadtbezirk]]'') ka tirsan magaalada [[Bonn]], ee dalka Jarmalka. Waxay leedahay dad gaaraya 34,576 (2018).<ref name=pop/> == Magaalooyinka mataanaha ah == {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}} Hardtberg waxay mataan la tahay:<ref>{{cite web |title=Städtepartnerschaft mit Villemomble|url=https://www.bonn.de/bonn-erleben/besichtigen-entdecken/staedtepartnerschaft-hardtberg.php|website=bonn.de|publisher=Bonn|language=de|access-date=2021-02-10}}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Villemomble]], Faransiiska (1967) == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Districts of Bonn}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Urban districts and boroughs of Bonn]] {{Bonn-geo-stub}} 7t1omfwq6rjzfv7z4a4dtifjcdbztqq 305749 305748 2026-08-24T05:02:39Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305749 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location | name = Hardtberg | name_local = | type = Borough | City = Bonn | image_photo = Rathaus Hardtberg Bonn 20100310a.jpg | image_caption = Hoolka Magaalada Hardtberg | image_flag = Flagge Amt Duisdorf.svg | image_coa = DEU Amt Duisdorf COA.svg | image_plan = Bonn Stadtbezirk Hardtberg.svg | plantext = Hardtberg within Bonn | state = | regbzk = Cologne | district = urban | population = 34576 | population_as_of = 2020-12-31 | pop_ref = <ref name=pop>{{cite web|url=https://www2.bonn.de/statistik/dl/ews/Bevoelkerungsstatistik2020.pdf |title=Bevölkerung in der Bundesstadt Bonn Stichtag 31.12.2020|publisher=Bundesstadt Bonn Statistikstelle|access-date=28 September 2021}}</ref> | area = 11.9 | elevation = 71-162 | coordinates = {{Coord|50|42|49|N|7|03|14|E|region:DE-NW_type:city(31795)|display=it}} | postal_code = | area_code = 0228 | licence = BN | mayor = | Bürgermeistertitel = | party = | website = }} '''Hardtberg''' ({{langx|li|Ripuarian}}: ''Hardtbersch'') waa degmo hoose (''[[Stadtbezirk]]'') ka tirsan magaalada [[Bonn]], ee dalka Jarmalka. Waxay leedahay dad gaaraya 34,576 (2018).<ref name=pop/> == Magaalooyinka mataanaha ah == {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}} Hardtberg waxay mataan la tahay:<ref>{{cite web |title=Städtepartnerschaft mit Villemomble|url=https://www.bonn.de/bonn-erleben/besichtigen-entdecken/staedtepartnerschaft-hardtberg.php|website=bonn.de|publisher=Bonn|language=de|access-date=2021-02-10}}</ref> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Villemomble]], Faransiiska (1967) == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Districts of Bonn}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Urban districts and boroughs of Bonn]] {{Bonn-geo-stub}} 1mo4inu2iqw9rr7bqh7rsuqm71tod9c 0 51104 305750 2026-08-24T05:04:33Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Hargarten |type = |image_photo = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_coa = Wappen Hargarten.png |coordinates = {{coord|50|05|49|N|6|24|29|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hargarten in BIT.svg |state = |district = Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm |Verbandsgemeinde = Arzfeld |elevation = 520 |area = 2.00 |postal_code = 54649 |area_code = 06554 |licence = BIT |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 32 233 |website = [https://www.hargarten-net.com/ www.hargarten-net.com] |mayor = Ulrich Kockelmann<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2320000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 6 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 }} '''Hargarten''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Bitburg-Prüm]], ee gobolka [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], galbeedka dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} oxcfhvai6r95cnt53iqt8ve36376gm0 0 51105 305751 2026-08-24T05:06:07Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Harschbach COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|50|34|24|N|07|35|48|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Harschbach in NR.svg |state = |district = Neuwied |Verbandsgemeinde = Puderbach |elevation = 290 |area = 2.18 |postal_code = 56307 |area_code = 02684 |licence = NR |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 1 38 027 |website = [http://www.puderbach.de www.puderbach.de] |Bürgermeistertitel= Ortsbürgermeister |mayor = Friederike Becker<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/1380000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Landkreis Neuwied], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 5 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 |party = }} '''Harschbach''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhaʁʃbax}}) waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Neuwied (district)|Neuwied]], ee gobolka [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} mi2006tcj9174ut5nc17rijw7s8uivu 0 51106 305752 2026-08-24T05:07:34Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Harscheid |image_coa = Wappen von Harscheid.png |coordinates = {{coord|50.45918|6.892|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Harscheid in AW.svg |state = |district = Ahrweiler |Verbandsgemeinde = Adenau |elevation = 414 |area = 3.13 |postal_code = 53520 |area_code = 02695 |licence = AW |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 1 31 026 |divisions = |website = <!-- [http://www.musterstadt.de/ www.musterstadt.de] --> |mayor = Günther Hilterscheid<ref name=mayor>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/1310000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Landkreis Ahrweiler], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 3 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 |Bürgermeistertitel = Ortsbürgermeister |party = }} '''Harscheid''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Ahrweiler (district)|Ahrweiler]], ee gobolka [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} oxuke9t01x8vdzpqrfjkh1zhwlqmtdj 0 51107 305753 2026-08-24T05:09:28Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Harspelt |type = |image_photo = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_coa = |coordinates = {{coord|50|08|17|N|6|10|20|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Harspelt in BIT.svg |state = |district = Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm |Verbandsgemeinde = Arzfeld |elevation = 480-500 |area = 4.82 |postal_code = 54617 |area_code = 06559 |licence = BIT |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 32 234 |website = [http://www.harspelt.de/ www.harspelt.de] |mayor = Dirk Wetzel<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2320000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 6 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 }} '''Harspelt''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Bitburg-Prüm]], ee gobolka [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], galbeedka dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} mtrbxpq4ubdg6c5gvufo8v4m20e4wth 0 51108 305754 2026-08-24T05:11:07Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German place |image_coa = Wappen Harsum.png |coordinates = {{coord|52|12|N|9|57|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Harsum in HI.svg |state = |district = Hildesheim |elevation = 70 |area = 49.93 |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03254020 |postal_code = 31177 |area_code = 05127 |licence = HI |website = [http://www.harsum.de/ www.harsum.de] |mayor = Marcel Litfin<ref name=mayor>{{cite web|url=https://wahlen.statistik.niedersachsen.de/KW2021/reports/DW/20210912_DW_Uebersicht.pdf|title=Direktwahlen in Niedersachsen vom 12. September 2021|date=13 October 2021|publisher=[[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen]]}}</ref> |leader_term = 2021&ndash;26 |party = Ind }} '''Harsum''' waa tuulo iyo degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Hildesheim (district)|Hildesheim]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. Waxay ku taal qiyaastii 6&nbsp;km waqooyi ka xigta [[Hildesheim]], iyo 25&nbsp;km koonfur-bari ka xigta [[Hanover]]. {{Wide image|Harsum_Panorama.jpg|600px|Harsum view from north with St. Cäcilia}} {{commons category|Harsum}} == Qaybaha hoose == Marka laga reebo Harsum lafteeda, degmadu waxay ka kooban tahay tuulooyinka Adlum, Asel, Borsum, Hönnersum, Hüddessum, Klein Förste, Machtsum iyo Rautenberg. == Shakhsiyaadka == * Johannes Nordhoff (1870-1950), Guddoomiyihii Ururka Lamaanaha Shirkadaha Caymiska Jarmalka * Joop Bergsma (1928-2011), wadaad Katoolik ah iyo teoloji == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} 7ff2a11z2hskqnta02zb5ozk8cgqwsn 0 51109 305755 2026-08-24T05:12:49Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_photo = Luftbild Gemeinde Hartenholm in Schleswig-Holstein.jpg |image_coa = DEU Hartenholm COA.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|54|4|N|10|3|38|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Hartenholm in SE.svg |state = |district = Segeberg |Amt = Auenland Südholstein |elevation = 33 |area = 15.37 |postal_code = 24628 |area_code = 04195 |licence = SE |Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 60 034 |website = [https://www.hartenholm.de/ www.hartenholm.de] |mayor = Karl-Heinz Panten |party = SPD }} '''Hartenholm''' waa degmo ka tirsan degmada [[Segeberg]], ee gobolka [[Schleswig-Holstein]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} jg869r7u1v0q6sfbpm1v89112cxvaop 0 51110 305756 2026-08-24T05:15:10Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Harpstedt |name_local = |image_photo = Harpstedt-Freistraße-2019.jpg |image_caption = Street in the center of Harpstedt |image_coa = DEU Harpstedt COA.svg |image_plan = Harpstedt in OL.svg |state = |regbzk = |district = Oldenburg |Samtgemeinde = Harpstedt |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03458008 |area = 23.45 |elevation = 35 |coordinates = {{coord|52|54|N|8|35|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |postal_code = 27243 |area_code = 04244 |licence = OL |mayor = Stefan Wachholder |party = CDU |website = [https://www.harpstedt.de/ harpstedt.de] }} '''Harpstedt''' waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Oldenburg (district)|Oldenburg]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]], koonfur ka xigta [[Bremen]] (30&nbsp;km). Harpstedt sidoo kale waa xarunta ''[[Samtgemeinde]]'' ("degmada wadajirka ah") ee [[Harpstedt (Samtgemeinde)|Harpstedt]]. Harpstedt waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay 1203 iyadoo lagu magacaabo "Harpenstede". Sannadkii 2015 waxay lahayd 4,682 deganayaal. == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} s0a3jba884emyker6f462vuf3vk4mfq 305757 305756 2026-08-24T05:15:37Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 305757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Harpstedt |name_local = |image_photo = Harpstedt-Freistraße-2019.jpg |image_caption = Wadada ku taal bartamaha Harpstedt |image_coa = DEU Harpstedt COA.svg |image_plan = Harpstedt in OL.svg |state = |regbzk = |district = Oldenburg |Samtgemeinde = Harpstedt |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03458008 |area = 23.45 |elevation = 35 |coordinates = {{coord|52|54|N|8|35|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |postal_code = 27243 |area_code = 04244 |licence = OL |mayor = Stefan Wachholder |party = CDU |website = [https://www.harpstedt.de/ harpstedt.de] }} '''Harpstedt''' waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Oldenburg (district)|Oldenburg]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony|Hooseysa Saxony]], dalka [[Germany|Jarmalka]], koonfur ka xigta [[Bremen]] (30&nbsp;km). Harpstedt sidoo kale waa xarunta ''[[Samtgemeinde]]'' ("degmada wadajirka ah") ee [[Harpstedt (Samtgemeinde)|Harpstedt]]. Harpstedt waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay 1203 iyadoo lagu magacaabo "Harpenstede". Sannadkii 2015 waxay lahayd 4,682 deganayaal. == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} oljgd6jxgvo8ozke8ic9drjs1n2o5ya