Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 14 1516 309001 304826 2026-09-22T19:29:12Z Soalt 39618 Category:Wadamada Afrika 309001 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscat|Somalia}} {{Dheeraad}} [[Category:Dalalka Afrika]] [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] ob8rdribwz0o0tbblsa309uyxcs7vtp 0 2677 309220 302617 2026-09-23T06:11:17Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox ethnic group| |group= Laylkase <br> ليلكسة |image= |poptime= |region1 = {{flagcountry|Somalia}} |region2 = {{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region3 = {{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region4 = {{flagcountry|United States}} |region5 = {{flagcountry|Canada}} |region6 = {{flagcountry|Great Britain}} |langs=[[Af-Soomaali|Soomaali]] |rels= [[Islam]] ^(Sunni) |related-c=[[Reer Darawiish]], [[Mareexaan]], [[Warsangali]], [[Dishiishe]], [[Majeerteen]], [[Awrtable]], [[Ogaden (beel)|Ogaadeen]], kuwo kale oo [[Daarood]], [[Beelaha Soomaalida]] }} [[File:Daraawiish - warsangeli - mumin aden leelkase.png|thumb|leelkase mumin aden]] '''Laylkase''' ({{lang-en|Lailkase}};<ref>{{cite web|title=Roots of Insecurity in Puntland|url=http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/2454/Roots_of_Insecurity_in_Puntland|access-date=2016-10-27|archive-date=2016-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405050707/http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/2454/Roots_of_Insecurity_in_Puntland|url-status=dead}}</ref> ama '''Leelkase'''<ref>[[United Nations Security Council]], [http://www.fas.org/asmp/resources/govern/109th/S2006913.pdf Letter dated 21 November 2006 from the Chairman of the Security Council Committee...], p. 20</ref> ama '''Lelikase''''<ref>{{cite web|title=Warsaxaafadeed: Beesha Laylkase oo Saxaafada kula Hadashay Garoowe Dhaliishayna Saamiga Lagasiiyay Golaha Wasiirada (Sawirro)|url=http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/01/beesha-laylkase-oo-dhaliishay-saamiga-lagasiiyay-golaha-wasiirada-puntland/|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2016-10-27|archive-date=2017-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608155012/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/01/beesha-laylkase-oo-dhaliishay-saamiga-lagasiiyay-golaha-wasiirada-puntland/|dead-url=yes}}</ref><nowiki>}}) (</nowiki>''Xuseen bin Cabdiraxman bin Ismaaciil bin Ibrahim al Jaberti'') waa [[beelaha Soomaalida|qabiil]] ka tirsan [[Daarood|Beesha Daarood]] ee [[Dadka Soomaalida]].<ref>[[World Bank]], ''[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTSOMALIA/Resources/conflictinsomalia.pdf Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics ] {{Wayback|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTSOMALIA/Resources/conflictinsomalia.pdf |date=20200215085758 }}'', pp. 56-57</ref> ==Hordhac== Laylkase waa beel ka mid beesha Tanade oo ka mid ah beelaha Daarood kuwooda ugu faca weyn, oo na kamid ahayd boqortooyooyinkii Soomaaliya ugu faca waynaa oo sida taariikhda Carabta iyo dunidaba ku qoran tahay, boqortooyadaas ay soo gaartay 1775, dagaal culus kadibna ay burburtay Tanade daarood wuxuu dhalay Cabdi Tanade oo loo yaqaan Korshe itoobiyana daga Jigjiga ilaa dhulka Oromada. Beesha Laylkase waxay degaan deegaanada [[Galdogob]], [[Gaalkacyo]], Bander Beyla, Eyl, Garoowe, iyo gobollada Jubbada Hoose, Baay, iyo Soomaali Galbeed. Beesha Laylkase waxaa lagu tilmaamaa qabiil Diinta raacda, daris wanaagsan, nabadana jecel, had iyo jeerna daryeela dadka la dagan. Waana qaabiil aad u tiro badan oo ku kala firirsan dhammaan gobollada Soomaaliya sida Mudug, Nugaal, Bari, Sool, Jubbada Hoose,Jubada Dhexe, Bay iyo Soomaali Galbeed. Waxay gaar ahaan u degtaa beesha Karkaar: Caris, Ceel Dhidir, Buurbuur iyo Arindheer. ==Qaabdhismeedka Reeraha Beesha== *Reer Jama Hassan. **Reer Mohamed Hassan **Reer Nuur **Abdille Nuur **Reer Firin **Reer Xoosh **Reer Nuur yare **Mohamud Nuur **Galayr **Guraase **Reer Dhoorre **Reer Cigaal **Reer Abdille Dhoore **Reer Walandi **Reer Axmed **Reer Geesood Xoosh **Reer Omar. ***Reer Elmi Omar. **** Axmad ( reerDhagey) *****Xaashi ******cismaan ****Yuusuf *****Reer aw Maxamad ******xuseen *******Reer Xasan Bucu ***Reer Abdirahman Omar **** ciise. C/raxmaan ***** Guuleed *****Axmad (Quule) *** Cilmi C/raxmaan(reerSarcad) ****** Axmad shirre ******Warsame ******barre ****Cali C/raxmaan ******Carab C/raxmaan (reer Carab) *******Aadan carab *******Cabdulle carab *******Nuur cara **Reer Hussein Omar ****Isxaaq ****Saleebaan (reer saleebaan *****Cilmi ==Daarood== Tanade Daarood Waxay ahaan jireen Boqortooyo xoog badan oo ka arimisa dhulka soomalidu degto oo dhan mudo aad u badanna way ka ariminayeen ilaa qarniyo badan taasoo markii dambe dagaalo badan oo beelo isu bahaystay ay ku jabeen. Tanade Daarood waa beel imika caan ku ah arimaha diinta iyo ganacsiga sidoo kale lagu yaqaan xaga difaaca iyo wadaniyada. Daarood waa [[beel]] ka mid ah beelaha [[Soomaali]]da kuwaasi oo degan [[Geeska Afrika]]. Beesha Daarood waxaay degtaa wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] (gobolada dhexe iyo [[Gedo]]), wadanka [[Itoobiya]] iyo deegaano ka tirsan wadanka [[Kiinya]]. Guud ahaan, beesha Daarood waxaa ka farcama reero badan oo ka mid yihiin: [[Absame]], [[Ogaadeen (beel)|Ogaadeen]], [[Harti]] ([[reer Darawiish]], [[Majeerteen]], [[Dishiishe]] iyo [[Warsangali]]), [[Lailkase]], [[Mareexaan]] iyo beelo kale. Lahjadaha ay ku hadlaan daaroodku waa ay kala duwan yihiin oo iskuma dhowa, tusaale ahaan meesha ay kuwa dega Itoobiya lahjad gooni ah uga hadlaan kuwa dhinaca bari degana lahjad gaara ayay ku hadlaan, kuwa sanaag segana lahjad gaara ayaabay ku hadlaan. Asal ahaan odaygii Daarood ahaa waxa uu ku yimid Yaman Jabarti Ismaaciil isaga oo sheekh ah oo faafinaya diinta Islaamka gaar ahaana waxa uu ka soo degay meel u dhaw degmada Laasqoray ee gobolka Sanaag waxaa uu mudo diinta Islaamka ka faafinayey dhulka Bariga iyo Bartamaha Geeska Afrika. Daarood waxaa dhashay Doombiro Dir. ==Sidoo kale fiiri== *[[Soomaali|Beelaha Soomaalida]] ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Beelaha Soomaalida}} {{Commons|Category:Darod}} [[Category:Qabiilada Soomaalida]] [[Category:Soomaali]] [[Category:Dadka Soomaaliga]] alxxd7475q0rcw9amtuwc96i1bwkxxb 0 2803 309121 308010 2026-09-23T02:20:23Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''El Afweyn''' ({{langx|so|Ceelafweyn}}, {{Langx|ar|عيل أفوين}}) waa magaalo ku taal gobolka [[Sanaag]] ee [[Soomaaliya]] gaar ahaan maamulka [[Somaliland]].{{Infobox settlement | official_name = Ceelafweyn | other_name = | native_name = {{native name|so|Ceelafweyn}}<br />{{native name|ar|عيل أفوين|italic=no}} | nickname = | settlement_type = magaalo | motto = | image_skyline = El Afweyn.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = 600*600 | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Somalia | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Goobta ay ku taal Soomaaliya | subdivision_type = Wadan | subdivision_name = {{Flag|Soomaaliya}} | subdivision_type1 = Dhulka sheegta | subdivision_name1 = [[Somaliland]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobol | subdivision_name2 = [[Sanaag]] | subdivision_type3 = Degmo | subdivision_name3 = [[Degmada Ceel Afweyn]] | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Duqa magaalada | leader_name = Maxamed Aadan Digaale Ku xigeenka duqa magaalada Maxamed Jaamac Liibaan | established_title = | established_date = | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | population_as_of = 2012 | population_footnotes = <ref name="briggs">{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=Philip Robarts |title=Somaliland: with the overland route from Addis Ababa via eastern Ethiopia the Bradt Travel Guide |date=2019 |publisher=Bradt |isbn=978-1-78477-605-3 |edition=2nd |location=Chalfont St Peter |pages=130}}</ref> | population_note = | population_total = 60,000 | population_density_km2 = | timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|9|55|45|N|47|13|2|E|display=inline}} | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = | blank_name = | blank_info = | website = | footnotes = | name = | population_rank = [[List of cities in Somaliland|9aad]] }} Ceelafweyn waa magaalo taariikhi ah oo muhiim ah oo ku taal galbeedka gobolka [[Sanaag]] isla markaana ku taal wadada weyn ee xiriirisa magaaloyinka [[Burco]] iyo [[Ceerigaabo]]. Dhanka wadada, magaaladu waxay qiyaastii u jirtaa 283&nbsp;km dhanka bari ee Burco iyo 88&nbsp;km dhanka koonfur-galbeed ee Ceerigaabo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Distance between Ceel Afweyn, Sanaag Somalia SO and Erigavo, Sanaag Somalia SO (Sanaag, Somalia)|url=https://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Somalia_Distance_Result.asp?state=12&vr=sehest&fromlat=9.93&fromlng=47.2166667&tolat=10.6180556&tolng=47.37&fromplace=Ceel%20Afweyn,%20Sanaag%20Somalia%20SO&toplace=Erigavo,%20Sanaag%20Somalia%20SO|access-date=2021-05-10|website=distancecalculator.globefeed.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=283 Km – Distance from burco to El Afweyn|url=http://www.distancesfrom.com/so/distance-from-burco-to-El-Afweyn-Somalia/DistanceHistory/39869829.aspx|access-date=2021-05-10|website=distancesfrom.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Abokor |first=Abdi |date=2018-10-01 |title=The Proliferation of Traditional Leaders in Somaliland: Past and Present Situations |url=https://doi.org/10.55569/spdj.24594 |journal=Somaliland Peace and Development Journal |doi=10.55569/spdj.24594 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Magaaladu sidoo kale waa xarunta maamulka ee [[El Afweyn District|Degmada Ceelafweyn]]. == Taariikhda == === Xasuuqii Isaaqda === Intii lagu guda jiray [[Isaaq genocide|xasuuqii Isaaqda]], Ceelafweyn iyo dhulka ku xeeran waxay arkeen in ka badan 300 oo qof la dilay Oktoobar 1988 si aargoosi ah dhimashadii sarkaal ciidan ah oo lagu dilay miino dhulka la geliyay oo ay dhigatay jabhaddii [[Somali National Movement]] (ama SNM oo kooban). Magaalada waxaa sidoo kale duqeeyay [[Somali Air Force|Ciidanka Cirka ee Soomaaliya]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Ford|first1=Richard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MEdyAAAAMAAJ&q=%22killed+by+a+rebel-laid+landmine%22|title=War destroys, peace nurtures: reconciliation and development in Somalia|last2=Adam|first2=Hussein Mohamed|last3=Ismail|first3=Edna Adan|date=1 January 2004|publisher=Red Sea Press|isbn=978-1-56902-186-6|language=en}}</ref> [[Oxfam Australia]] (oo hore loo oran jiray Community Aid Abroad) waxay ku sifeysay xaaladda Ceelafweyn sidatan:<blockquote>Waxaa la ogyahay in dad badani ay ka carareen magaalada Ceelafweyn kadib weerarro duqeyn ah oo ay fuliyeen ciidamada dowladdu. Siyaasad "guba oo dhulka dhig" ah ayaa lagu dabaqay tuulooyinka ku yaal bannaanada Ceelafweyn. Dadkan barakacayaasha ah waxay ku dhuumanayaan duurka iyaga oo aan helin cunto ku filan iyo agab caafimaad.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/somalia_1990.pdf|title=Somalia: A Government at War With Its Own People|publisher=Human Rights Watch|year=1990|page=158}}</ref></blockquote> July 2000, waxaa la sheegay in Ceelafweyn ay ahayd midda ugu daran ee ay saameeyeen fatahaaduhu gobolka Sanaag.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Food Security Analysis Unit |date=27 July 2000 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/sections-food-insecureat-risk-populations-somaliland |title=Sections of Food Insecure/At Risk Populations in Somaliland |accessdate=2021-07-04}}</ref> === Amniga === [[Jama Ali Jama]], oo si KMG ah ula wareegay madaxtooyada ka dib markii uu ka saaray madaxweynihii xilligaas ee [[Puntland]] [[Abdullahi Yusuf]] caasimadda [[Garowe]] sanadkii 2002, ayaa u baxay dhanka Ceelafweyn ka dib guuldarro culus oo ka soo gaartay Dhuudo, Puntland Diseembar 2002.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web|author=interpeace|date=July 2008|title=The Puntland Experience: A Bottom-up Approach to Peace and State Building|url=https://www.interpeace.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/2008_SomP_PDRC_Interpeace_A_Bottom_Up_Approach_To_Peace_And_Statebuilding_EN.pdf|page=27|accessdate=2021-07-04}}</ref> Maleeshiyadu waxay ku hartay Ceelafweyn, oo ah magaalo ka baxsan aagga ay sheegato Puntland,<ref>{{Cite web|author=Refworld|date=1 July 2001|title=Transitional Constitution of Puntland Regional Government|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/4bc589e92.html|quote=The territorial sovereignty of Puntland shall extend to: East Region of Bari, Nugal, Sool, South Togdher (Buhodle District), Mudug except the Districts of Hobyo and Haradhere and Sanag Region except the '''District of El-Afweyn''' and Northeast of Erigavo District|accessdate=2022-02-24}}</ref> ilaa horraantii 2003 markii labada dhinac ay heshiiyeen. Qeybo ka mid ah maleeshiyada ayaa isu dhiibay ciidamada Puntland March 2003,<ref>{{Cite web|author=Allpuntland|date=14 May 2003|title=Maleeshiyadii Ceel-Afweyn oo Qaar u soo galeen Daraawiishta Puntland|url=https://mudugonline.tripod.com/2003/March/150303maanta.htm|accessdate=2021-07-04}}</ref> iyadoo maleeshiyadu lafteedu ay u soo gurtay Boosaaso bishii Abril isla sannadkaas.<ref name=":13" /> Sanadkii 2005, heshiis dhex maray Osman Aw Mohamud ([[Buurmadow]]) iyo Axmed Cali Ducaale, oo labaduba sheegtay in ay yihiin Boqor. [[House of Elders (Somaliland)|Golaha Guurtida Somaliland]] ayaa sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka qaatay heshiiskaas.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Boqor Cismaan Buur-Madow Iyo Boqor Axmed Dheere Go'aamo Hordhac Ah Ka Gaadhay Xiisadii Ceel-Afweyn |newspaper=haatuf.net |date=23 January 2005 |url=http://www.haatuf.net/Archive2003/00076700.htm#2 |accessdate=2021-07-04 }}</ref> === Dhismaha ay ka fulisay Somaliland === Qiyaastii 2010, amnigu wuxuu ahaa mid degan, waxaana la sheegay in hoggaamiyaha xisbiga mucaaradka ee [[Kulmiye Peace, Unity, and Development Party]] uu halkaas ka jeediyay khudbad olole doorasho ah.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Madaxda xisbiyada oo ololeynaya. |publisher=BBC |date=18 June 2010 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war/2010/06/100618_ololeyntadoorashadasomaliland |accessdate=2021-07-04 }}</ref> Sanadkii 2012, dowladda Somaliland waxay qodday ceel 350 mitir ah, oo ay si buuxda u maalgelisay dowladda dhexe, si ay biyo nadiif ah u siiso in ka badan 1,000 qoys.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Somaliland: Governmen20t to Avail El-Afweyne Residents Safe Drinking Water |newspaper=Somaliland Sun |date=10 March 2012 |url=https://www.somalilandsun.com/somaliland-government-to-avail-el-afweyne-residents-safe-drinking-water/ |accessdate=2021-07-04 }}</ref> === Khilaafka Beelaha iyo Heshiisiinta === Ceelafweyn waxay ahayd goob ay ka dhaceen dagaallo muddo dheer soo jiitamayay oo billowday 2015 kuwaas oo ku saabsanaa daaqsin, biyo yaraan, iyo muranno ku saabsan awoodda siyaasadeed iyo saameynta laba bulsho oo deegaanka degta ah.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Somalia - Security Situation in Somalia (last update: August 2020) - ecoi.net|url=https://www.ecoi.net/en/countries/somalia/featured-topics/security-situation/|access-date=2021-05-10|website=ecoi.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Peace and Strategic Policy Center|url=https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=136179524498784&id=112353013548102|access-date=2021-05-10|via=Facebook|language=en}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=July 2022}} Khilaafka ayaa markii dambe la xaliyay bartamihii July 2018 iyada oo la kaashanayo ergo uu hoggaaminayay maamul ka socda Akademiyadda Nabadda iyo Horumarinta (AFD) oo ka tirsan dowladda Somaliland.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Somaliland: 'Declaration of Peace' Halts Protracted Conflict in Ceel Afweyn – Somalia|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somaliland-declaration-peace-halts-protracted-conflict-ceel-afweyn|access-date=2021-05-10|website=ReliefWeb|language=en}}</ref> Laakiin isla bishii Sebtembar waxaa dhacay dagaal kale oo dhimasho sababay.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Akhriso:-Khasaaraha Ka Dhashay Dagaal Dhex Maray Laba Maleeshiyo Beeleed |newspaper=radiodalsan.com |date=6 September 2018 |url=https://www.radiodalsan.com/akhriso-khasaaraha-ka-dhashay-dagaal-dhex-maray-laba-maleeshiyo-beeleed/ |accessdate=2021-07-04 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183612/https://www.radiodalsan.com/akhriso-khasaaraha-ka-dhashay-dagaal-dhex-maray-laba-maleeshiyo-beeleed/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> 23 Sebtembar 2018, waxaa la furay wadada laamiga ah ee u dhexeyso [[Ceerigaabo]] iyo Ceelafweyn.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Somaliland: Waddada laamiga ah ee u dhexeeysa Ceerigaabo iyo Ceel-Afweyn oo la furay |publisher=BBC |date=23 September 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-45617551 |accessdate=2021-07-04 }}</ref> 5 Nofeembar 2019, heshiis nabadeed oo dhex maray laba beelood oo dirirtay ayaa lagu dawaaqay Ceelafweyn.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Heshiis la dhex-dhigay beelo ku dagaalamay Ceel-Afweyn |newspaper=badweyntimes.net |date=5 November 2019 |url=https://badweyntimes.net/heshiis-la-dhex-dhigay-beelo-ku-dagaalamay-ceel-afweyn/ |accessdate=2021-07-04 }}</ref> 27 Maajo 2020, Wasaaradda Deegaanka ee Somaliland ayaa qabatay dhir qoyan oo si sharci darro ah looga jaray degmada Ceelafweyn, waxayna ku dawaaqday in dowladdu ay la wareegi doonto maamulka keynta.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ceel-Afweyn: Wasaaradda Deegaanka Oo Qabatay Dhir Qoyan Oo La Soo Jaray |newspaper=Hargeisa Press |date=27 May 2020 |url=https://hargeisapress.com/ceel-afweyn-wasaaradda-deegaanka-oo-qabatay-dhir-qoyan-oo-la-soo-jaray/ |accessdate=2021-07-04 }}</ref> == Qadiimiga== Magaalada Ceelafweyn waxaa ku yaal goobo qadiimi ah oo ay ka mid yihiin godad taariikhi ah iyo sawirro dhagaxaanta lagu xardhay. 1972, koox wada jir ah oo ka socotay Soomaaliya/Midowgii Sofiyet ayaa timid Ceelafweyn si ay u baaraan xardhankan dhagaxa ah.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ivanova|first=Lyubov|title=The Somali-Soviet Expedition of 1971–1972|url=https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1227&context=bildhaan|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116120215/https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1227&context=bildhaan |archive-date=2021-01-16 }}</ref> Ceelafweyn sidoo kale waa hoy ay ku yaalliin taallooyin badan iyo goobta farshaxanka dhagaxa ee God-Hardune oo u dhow magaalada.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rodríguez|first=Jorge de Torres|year=2018|title=Against All Odds: The History of Archaeological Research in Somaliland and Somalia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.14321/nortafristud.18.1-2.0271|journal=Northeast African Studies|volume=18|issue=1–2|pages=271–310|doi=10.14321/nortafristud.18.1-2.0271|jstor=10.14321/nortafristud.18.1-2.0271|issn=0740-9133|hdl=10261/216289|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Ceelafweyn waxaa u dhow magaalada Islaamiga ah ee burbursan ee [[Maduna]], taas oo loo arko mid ka mid ah burburrada ugu waaweyn uguna fudud ee noociisa ah ee laga heli karo Somaliland.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dev |first=Bradt Guides |title=Maduna ruins |url=https://www.bradtguides.com/destinations/africa/somaliland/madana-ruins/ |access-date=2022-03-04 |website=Bradt Guides |language=en-GB |archive-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304224300/https://www.bradtguides.com/destinations/africa/somaliland/madana-ruins/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=Philip |title=Somaliland : with Addis Ababa & Eastern Ethiopia |date=2012 |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |isbn=978-1-84162-371-9 |location=Chalfont St. Peter, Bucks, England |pages=128–129 |oclc=766336307}}</ref> Qaab-dhismeedka ugu weyn ee magaaladan burbursan waxaa ka mid ah masaajid weyn oo leydi ah, kaas oo derbiyadiisa 3-mitir dhererka ah ay weli taagan yihiin oo ay ku jiraan miхраab iyo suurtogal in ay ku jiraan meelo yar yar oo qaab arc ah.<ref name=":02" /> Masaajidka waxaa ku xeeran guryo duug ah oo badan, kuwaas oo inta badan qayb ahaan taagan.<ref name=":02" /> Guryaha waxaa ku jira qolal saqaf leh, iyo sidoo kale dhismayaal dome ah oo aan lahayn albaabo ama daaqado.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Somaliland: archaeology in a breakaway state {{!}} Sada Mire |url=https://www.sadamire.com/somaliland-archaeology-in-a-breakaway-state/ |access-date=2022-03-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> Jiirada hoose ee magaaladan burbursan waxaa ka taagan geedka weyn ee Ciika (Baobab), kaas oo cabirkiisu muujinayo in la beeray xilligii magaaladu ay dadku deganaayeen.<ref name=":02" /> Wax badan lagama oga taariikhda Maduna, qaab-dhismeedkeeda dhagaxa qalalan wuxuu tilmaamayaa in Maduna ay la mid ahayd magaalooyinka kale ee burbursan ee Somaliland sida [[Amud|Amoud]] iyo [[Abasa, Awdal|Abasa]], taas oo la macne ah in Maduna ay u badneyd inay qeyb ka ahayd [[Adal Sultanate|Saldanaddii Cadal]].<ref name=":02" /> Khabiirka qadiimiga ah ee u dhalatay Iswiidhan-Soomaaliya [[Sada Mire]] waxay magaaladan burbursan ku taariikheynaysaa qarniyadii 15aad ilaa 17aad.<ref name=":1" /> == Dhirta iyo Duurjoogta == Ceelafweyn waxaa ku nool ururin kala duwan oo dhir iyo duurjoog ah, gaar ahaan shimbiraha. Shimbiraha ku dhalan magaalada waxaa ka mid ah Shimbir-Biyoodka madaxa buluuga ah, Shimbir-Biyoodka baalasha cad, shimbiraha socotada ah, Gabar-Waceyska, Shimbir-Biyoodka Squacco, [[Egyptian vulture|Gorgorka Masar]], Wattled Starling iyo Lappet-faced Vulture.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Redman|first=Nigel|date=9-27 September 2012|title=DJIBOUTI & SOMALILAND|url=https://www.birdquest-tours.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/SOMALILAND-REP-12-ebook.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226235754/https://www.birdquest-tours.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/SOMALILAND-REP-12-ebook.pdf |archive-date=2021-02-26 }}</ref> == Dhaqaalaha == Dhaqaalaha Ceelafweyn wuxuu inta badan ku saleysan yahay dhoofinta xoolaha. Magaaladu waa hoyga suuqyada xoolaha ee ugu waaweyn gobolka Sanaag, waana mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu waaweyn Geeska Afrika. Suuqa xooluhu wuxuu maareeyaa xoolaha ka yimaada dhamaan geesaha dhulka Soomaaliyeed wuxuuna soo saaraa boqolkiiba muhiim ah oo ka mid ah dakhliga magaalada.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d2EwAQAAIAAJ&q=yiroowe|title=A Self-portrait of Somaliland: Rebuilding from the Ruins|date=1999|publisher=Somaliland Centre for Peace and Development|language=en}}</ref> == Waxbarashada == Waxaa ku yaal sagaal dugsi hoose iyo dhexe oo ku yaal Ceelafweyn, oo ay ku jiraan Dugsiga Aadan Abokor Qorsheel iyo Dugsiga Hoose iyo Dhexe ee Nugaal, Dugsiga Hoose ee God-Barwaaqo, Dugsiga Hoose iyo Dhexe ee Dhabar-mamac, iyo kuwo kale.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 September 2019|title=Somaliland: Conflict of El-Afwayn disrupts education for hundreds of children|url=https://www.horndiplomat.com/2019/09/01/somaliland-conflict-of-el-afwayn-disrupts-education-for-hundreds-of-children/|access-date=2021-05-10|website=Horn Diplomat|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510170305/https://www.horndiplomat.com/2019/09/01/somaliland-conflict-of-el-afwayn-disrupts-education-for-hundreds-of-children/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Aadan Abokor Qoorsheel|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place//@9.9302483,47.2188966,13z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0xf5d523510887832a?entry=s&sa=X&hl=sv-se&ved=2ahUKEwjv8_O6x7_wAhUK8BQKHcORA4MQ_BIwB3oECBQQLg|access-date=2021-05-10|website=Aadan Abokor Qoorsheel|language=sv-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=NUGAAL P&I SCHOOLS|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place//@9.9245192,47.2225979,13z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x58cd0592799c8ea7?entry=s&sa=X&hl=sv-se&ved=2ahUKEwjY5eWKyL_wAhXOA2MBHZzVAggQ_BIwB3oECBkQLw|access-date=2021-05-10|website=NUGAAL P&I SCHOOLS|language=sv-US}}</ref> == Dadweynaha == Laga soo bilaabo 2012 Ceelafweyn waxay leedahay dad lagu qiyaasay 60,000.<ref name="briggs">{{Cite book |last=Briggs |first=Philip Robarts |title=Somaliland: with the overland route from Addis Ababa via eastern Ethiopia the Bradt Travel Guide |date=2019 |publisher=Bradt |isbn=978-1-78477-605-3 |edition=2nd |location=Chalfont St Peter |pages=130}}</ref> Waxaa inta badan deggan [[Habr Je'lo]] oo ka tirsan qoys-beeleedka [[Isaaq]],<ref>{{Cite journal|date=February 2016|title=EASO Country of Origin Information Report Somalia – Security Situation|url=https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1158113/1226_1457606427_easo-somalia-security-feb-2016.pdf|journal=European Asylum Support Office|pages=72|quote=The Ceel Afweyn district is mainly inhabited by the Isaaq subclan Habar Jeelo.}}</ref> gaar ahaan [[Musa Abokor|Bi'ide]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|date=30 August 2018|title=S/2018/800 – Security Council Report|url=https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/s_2018_800.pdf|journal=United Nations Security Council|pages=4}}</ref> iyo laan-beeleedka [[Habar Yoonis]] ee ka tirsan [[Garhajis]] [[Isaaq]], gaar ahaan Sacad Yuunis.<ref name=":0" /> == Dad caan ah == {{Portal|Somaliland}} <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their OWN article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> * [[Bashir Abdi]] – Orodyahan Soomaali-Belgian ah oo ku guuleystay billadda naxaasta ah ee [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon|maratoonka]] ciyaaraha [[2020 Summer Olympics|Olimbikada Xagaaga 2020]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Wiilashii Soomaalida oo guul wayn Yurub uga soo hooyay Maaradoonka Tokyo|language=so|work=BBC News Somali|url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-58133305|access-date=2021-08-11}}</ref> * [[Mohammed Ahmed (runner)|Mohammed Ahmed]] – Orodyahan fogaan-dheer oo reer Kanada ah. Ahmed wuxuu ku guuleystay billadda lacagta ah ciyaaraha [[2020 Tokyo Olympics]] tartanka 5000m == Tixraacyada == {{Reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == *[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/SO/12/Ceel_Afweyn.html Ceel Afweyn, Somalia Page] {{Portal bar|Somaliland}} [[Category:Populated places in Sanaag]] kr41vsgl13f48u9haahychah625jp55 0 3837 309010 307751 2026-09-22T19:54:41Z Soalt 39618 Category:Xeebta Foolmaroodi 309010 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Côte d'Ivoire | common_name = Ivory Coast | native_name = {{ublist|{{native name|fr|République de Côte d'Ivoire}}|{{native name|dyu|Kɔdiwari Jamana}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg | image_coat = Coat of Arms of the Ivory Coast.svg | coa_size = 100 | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|'Union – Discipline – Travail'|italics=off}}<br />'Midnimo – Edbitaan – Hawl' | national_anthem = {{lang|fr|[[L'Abidjanaise]]}}<br />({{Langx|en|"Heestii Abidjan"}}) [[File:United States Navy Band - National Anthem of Côte D'Ivoire "L'Abidjanaise".ogg]] {{parabr}}{{center|}} | image_map = {{Switcher| [[File:Côte d'Ivoire (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]] |Muuji khariidadda Afrika|default=1}} | map_caption = | image_map2 = | capital = [[Yamoussoukro]] | coordinates = {{Coord|6|51|N|5|18|W|type:city}} | largest_city = [[Abidjan]] | official_languages = [[Af-Faransiiska Afrika|Faransiis]] | languages_type = Luuqadaha<br />waddaniga ah | languages = {{hlist|[[Af-Ingiriisi|Ingiriis]]|[[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]]|[[Af-Carabi]]|[[Luuqadaha Bété|Bété]]|[[Luuqadda Dyula|Dyula]]|[[Luuqadda Baoulé|Baoulé]]|[[Lahjada Bono|Abron]]|[[Luuqadda Agni|Agni]]|[[Luuqadaha Senufo|Senoufo]]|[[Luuqadaha Ivory Coast|kuwo kale]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{tree list}} * 78.0% Reer Ivory Coast * * 38.0% [[Dadka Akan|Akan]] * * 22.0% [[Dadka Mandé|Mande-ta Woqooyi]] * * 22.0% Voltaiques/Gur * * 9.1% [[Dadka Kru|Kru]] * * 8.6% [[Dadka Mandé|Mande-ta Koonfureed]] * * 0.3% dadka jinsiyadda la siiyay ee Ivory Coast * 22.0% [[Astaamaha dadka ee Ivory Coast|Ajaanib]]^a {{tree list/end}} | ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name=":11" /> | ethnic_groups_year = Tiriya dowladda ee 2021 | religion = {{Ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap; |42.5% [[Islaamka ee Ivory Coast|Islaam]] |{{Tree list}} * 39.8% [[Masiixiyad]] * * 17.0% [[Kaniisadda Kaatooligga ee Ivory Coast|Kaatoolig]] * * 22.8% [[Masiixi]] kale {{Tree list/end}} |12.6% [[Diin la'aan|diin lahayn]] |2.2% [[Diimaha hiddaha ah ee Afrika|diimaha hiddaha ah]] |0.7% diimo kale |2.2% aan ka jawaabin }} | religion_year = Tiriya dowladda ee 2021 | religion_ref = <ref name=":11" /> | demonym = {{unbulleted list|[[Dadka Ivory Coast|Ivorian]]|Reer Ivory Coast}} | government_type = Jamhuuriyad [[Nidaamka madaxtooyada|madaxtooyo]] oo midaysan | leader_title1 = [[Liiska madaxda gobolka ee Ivory Coast|Madaxweyne]] | leader_name1 = [[Alassane Ouattara]] | leader_title2 = [[Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka Ivory Coast|Madaxweyne ku-xigeen]] | leader_name2 = [[Tiémoko Meyliet Koné]] | leader_title3 = [[Liiska madaxda xukuumadda ee Ivory Coast|Ra'iisul Wasaare]] | leader_name3 = [[Robert Beugré Mambé]] | leader_title4 = Ra'iisul Wasaare ku-xigeen | leader_name4 = [[Téné Birahima Ouattara]] | legislature = [[Baarlamaanka Ivory Coast]] | upper_house = [[Aqoalka Sare ee Ivory Coast|Aqalka Sare]] | lower_house = [[Golaha Shacabka (Ivory Coast)|Golaha Shacabka]] | sovereignty_type = [[Taariikhda Ivory Coast|Taariikhda]] | established_event1 = Aasaaskii Jamhuuriyadda | established_date1 = 4 Diseembar 1958 | established_event2 = [[Xorriyadda]] ka qaadashada Faransiiska | established_date2 = 7 Agoosto 1960 | area_km2 = 322,462 | area_rank = 68aad <!-- Should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_sq_mi = 124,502 <!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--> | percent_water = 1.4<ref name="CIA">{{cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cote-divoire/|website=The World Factbook|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] Directorate of Intelligence|date=30 March 2022|access-date=16 March 2022|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109221218/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cote-divoire|url-status=dead}}</ref> | population_estimate = 31,500,000<ref name="2024_data_sheet">{{cite web|title=2024 World Population Data Sheet|url=https://2024-wpds.prb.org/africa/#western-africa|author=[[Population Reference Bureau]]|access-date=11 December 2024}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = Luulyo 2024 | population_estimate_rank = 49aad | population_census = 29,389,150<ref name="census_2021">{{cite web|title=RGPH 2021 Résultats globaux|url=https://www.ins.ci/RGP2021/RGPH2021-RESULTATS%20GLOBAUX_VF.pdf|author=[[Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire]]|access-date=9 August 2022|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404151119/https://www.ins.ci/RGP2021/RGPH2021-RESULTATS%20GLOBAUX_VF.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | population_census_year = Diseembar 2021 | population_density_km2 = 97.7 | population_density_sq_mi = 236 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | population_density_rank = 139aad | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $202.647 bilyan<ref name="IMFWEO.CI">{{cite web|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (CI)|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=662,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1|website=IMF.org|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|date=10 October 2023|access-date=14 October 2023|archive-date=3 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203145913/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=662,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1|url-status=live}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | GDP_PPP_rank = 78aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $6,960<ref name="IMFWEO.CI" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 138aad | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $79.430 bilyan<ref name="IMFWEO.CI" /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2023 | GDP_nominal_rank = 84aad | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $2,728<ref name="IMFWEO.CI" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 141aad | Gini = 35.3 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2021 | Gini_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Gini Index coefficient|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|publisher=[[The World Factbook]]|access-date=24 September 2024|archive-date=4 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204222738/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.582 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2023<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{Cite web|title=Human Development Report 2025|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|language=en|date=6 May 2025|access-date=6 May 2025|archive-date=6 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 157aad | currency = [[CFA franc-ga Galbeedka Afrika]] | currency_code = XOF | utc_offset = ±00:00 | time_zone = [[Waqtiga Greenwich|GMT]] | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | calling_code = [[Lambarrada taleefanka ee Ivory Coast|+225]] | iso3166code = CI | cctld = [[.ci]] | footnote_a = Waxaa ku jira qiyaastii 130,000 oo [[Dadka Lubnaan|Lubnaaniyiin ah]] iyo 14,000 oo [[Dadka Faransiiska|Faransiis ah]]. | footnotes = {{Notelist}} | today = }} '''Ivory Coast''', sidoo kale loo yaqaanno {{lang|fr|'''Côte d'Ivoire'''|italic=no}}{{Efn|Loo dhawaaqo {{IPAc-en|ˌ|k|oʊ|t|_|d|iː|ˈ|v|w|ɑːr}} {{respell|KOHT|_|dee|VWAR}} ee afka Ingiriisiga<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Cambridge Dictionary: English Dictionary|access-date=26 July 2024}}</ref> iyo {{IPA|fr|kot divwaʁ||Fr-Côte-d'Ivoire-fr-Paris.ogg}} ee afka Faransiiska.<ref>{{cite dictionary|title=Cote d'Ivoire definition|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cote%20d%27ivoire|access-date=23 May 2014|archive-date=23 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723020443/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cote%20d%27ivoire|url-status=live}}</ref>}} si rasmi ahna loo yagooray '''Jamhuuriyadda Côte d'Ivoire''', waa dal ku yaalla xeebta koonfureed ee [[Galbeedka Afrika]]. Caasimaddiisa, [[Yamoussoukro]], waxay ku taal bartamaha dalka, halka [[Abidjan]] ay tahay magaalada ugu weyn iyo xarunta dhaqaalaha. Waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Gini]] dhanka [[Xadka Gini iyo Ivory Coast|waqooyi-galbeed]], [[Laybeeriya]] dhanka [[Xadka Ivory Coast iyo Laybeeriya|galbeed]], [[Maali]] dhanka [[Xadka Ivory Coast iyo Maali|waqooyi-galbeed]], [[Burkiina Faaso]] dhanka [[Xadka Burkiina Faaso iyo Ivory Coast|waqooyi-bari]], [[Gana]] dhanka [[Xadka Gana iyo Ivory Coast|bari]], iyo [[Gacanka Gini]] ee [[Badweynta Atlaantik|Atlaantiga]] dhanka koonfureed.<ref>{{Cite thesis|title=ADDING A SOURCE CODE SEARCHING CAPABILITY TO YIOOP|url=https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.nk56-uyfc|publisher=San Jose State University Library|url-access=subscription|last=Parvatneni|first=Snigdha Rao|date=2013|doi=10.31979/etd.nk56-uyfc}}</ref> Iyadoo leh 31.5 milyan oo qof sanadkii 2024, Ivory Coast waa [[Liiska waddamada Afrika marka loo eego tirada dadka|dalka saddexaad ee ugu dadka badan]] Galbeedka Afrika.<ref name="2024_data_sheet" /> Luuqaddeeda rasmiga ah waa [[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]], luuqadaha waddaniga ahna si ballaaran ayaa loo isticmaalaa, oo ay ku jiraan [[Luuqadaha Bété|Bété]], [[Luuqadda Baoulé|Baoulé]], [[Luuqadda Dyula|Dyula]], [[Luuqadda Dan|Dan]], [[Luuqadda Anyin|Anyin]], iyo [[Luuqadaha Senari|Cebaara Senufo]].<ref name=":13">{{Cite web|title=Republic of Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://achpr.au.int/en/member-states/cote-divoire|website=African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights|language=en|access-date=30 May 2025}}</ref> Isku gaddoon, waxaa jira ku dhawaad 78 [[Luuqadaha Ivory Coast|luuqadood oo loogu hadlo Ivory Coast]].<ref name=":13" /> Dalku wuxuu leeyahay [[Diinta ee Ivory Coast|shacab kala diimo ah]], oo ay ku jiraan taageerayaal badan oo [[Islaamka ee Ivory Coast|Islaamka]], [[Masiixiyadda ee Ivory Coast|Masiixiyadda]] iyo [[Diimaha hiddaha ah ee Afrika|diimaha hiddaha ah]] oo badanaa wata [[animism]].<ref name=":religions2021" /><ref name=":11">{{Cite web|title=RECENSEMENT GENERAL DE LA POPULATION ET DE L'HABITAT 2021 RESULTATS GLOBAUX DEFINITIFS|url=https://www.caidp.ci/uploads/7113b93cc641ba78c591e9f79a4e729c.pdf|website=Institut National de la Statistique (INS)|language=fr|date=October 2022|access-date=5 August 2023|archive-date=14 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814112828/https://www.caidp.ci/uploads/7113b93cc641ba78c591e9f79a4e729c.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Ivory Coast waxay ahaan jirtay hoy u ahaa dhowr dawladood, oo ay ku jiraan [[Gyaman|Gyaaman]], [[Boqortooyadii Kong]], iyo [[Dadka Baoulé|Baoulé]]. Deegaanku wuxuu noqday [[maxmiyad]] Faransiis ah sanadkii 1843 waxaana loo adkeeyay sidii [[Liiska gumeysigii Faransiiska|gumeysi Faransiis]] sanadkii 1893 intii lagu jiray [[Tartankii Afrika]]. Waxay xorriyadda qaadatay sanadkii 1960, iyadoo uu hoggaaminayay [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]], oo xukumay dalka ilaa 1993. Marka loo eego heerarka gobolka, Ivory Coast waxay xiriir dhow oo dhanka siyaasadda iyo dhaqaalaha ah la lahayd dariskeeda Galbeedka Afrika iyadoo sii haysata xiriir dhow oo ay la leedahay [[Isbahaysiga Galbeedka|Galbeedka]], [[Françafrique|gaar ahaan Faransiiska]]. Degganaanshaheedii waxaa ruxay [[Inqilaabkii Ivory Coast ee 1999|inqilaab dhacay 1999]] iyo laba dagaal sokeeye—kii koowaad [[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Koowaad ee Ivory Coast|guntii 2002 iyo 2007]]<ref name="loi">{{cite journal|title=Loi n° 2000-513 du 1er août 2000 portant Constitution de la République de Côte d'Ivoire|url=http://www.jfaconseil.com/jorci/2000/RCI%20JO%202000-30.pdf|volume=42|journal=Journal Officiel de la République de Côte d'Ivoire|issue=30|pages=529–538|language=fr|date=3 August 2000|archive-date=25 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325153412/http://www.jfaconseil.com/jorci/2000/RCI%20JO%202000-30.pdf|url-status=dead}},</ref> iyo markale [[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Labaad ee Ivory Coast|intii u dhaxeysay 2010–2011]]. Waxay qaadatay [[Dastuurka Ivory Coast|dastuur cusub]] sanadkii 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ivory Coast backs new constitution in landslide vote, opposition cries foul|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20161102-ivory-coast-approves-new-constitution-referendum-opposition-boycott|date=2 November 2016|access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326030516/https://www.france24.com/en/20161102-ivory-coast-approves-new-constitution-referendum-opposition-boycott|url-status=live}}</ref> Ivory Coast waa jamhuuriyad leh awood fulineed oo xooggan oo la siiyay [[Liiska madaxda gobolka ee Ivory Coast|madaxweynaheeda]]. Iyadoo loo marayo [[Waxsoosaarka kafeega ee Ivory Coast|waxsoosaarka koofiga]] iyo [[Waxsoosaarka kookaha ee Ivory Coast|kookaha]], waxay ahayd quwadda dhaqaalaha ee Galbeedka Afrika intii lagu jiray 1960-gii iyo 1970-gii, ka dibna waxay la kulantay dhibaato dhaqaale 1980-gii, taasi oo gacan ka geysatay xilli qas siyaasadeed iyo mid bulsho ah oo sii dheeraaday ilaa 2011. Ivory Coast waxay haddana la kulantay korriin dhaqaale oo sarreeya tan iyo markii ay soo laabatay nabadda iyo degganaanshaha siyaasadeed ee 2011. Laga soo bilaabo 2012 ilaa 2023, dhaqaaluhu wuxuu ku koray celcelis ahaan 7.1% sannadkii [[Waxsoosaarka Guud ee Gudaha|marka la eego dhabta]], waana heerka labaad ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badan ee korriinka dhaqaalaha ee Afrika iyo kan afraad ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badan adduunka.<ref>{{cite web|title=World Economic Outlook database: October 2023|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=512,914,612,171,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&s=NGDP_R,&sy=2011&ey=2023&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1|author=[[IMF]]|access-date=11 February 2024|archive-date=19 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219102804/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=512,914,612,171,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&s=NGDP_R,&sy=2011&ey=2023&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1|url-status=live}}</ref> Sannadkii 2023, Ivory Coast waxay lahayd GDP per capita-ga labaad ee ugu sarreeya Galbeedka Afrika, iyadoo ku xigta [[Cape Verde]].<ref>{{cite web|title=World Economic Outlook database: October 2023|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=614,638,616,748,618,624,622,626,628,632,636,634,662,642,643,734,644,646,648,652,656,654,664,666,668,674,676,678,684,688,728,692,694,714,716,722,718,724,199,733,738,742,746,754,698,&s=PPPPC,&sy=2023&ey=2023&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1|author=[[IMF]]|access-date=11 February 2024}}</ref> Naas kasta oo ay taasi jirto, marka loo eego sahankii ugu dambeeyay ee 2016, 46.1% dadka waxaa weli saameyn ku haya [[Tusaha Saboolnimada ee Dhinacyada Badan|saboolnimada dhinacyada badan]].<ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023 Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/Country-Profiles/MPI/CIV.pdf|website=United Nations Development Programme Human Development Reports|date=2023|access-date=15 April 2024|archive-date=16 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416190049/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/Country-Profiles/MPI/CIV.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Sannadkii 2023, Ivory Coast waa dalka ugu weyn adduunka ee dhoofiya digirta kookaha, wuxuuna leeyahay dakhli aad u sarreeya marka loo eego gobolkiisa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cocoa beans, whole/broken, raw/roasted – Imports and Exports – 2023|url=https://trendeconomy.com/data/commodity_h2/180100#:~:text=Top%20exporters%20of%20Cocoa%20beans,%2D%205.38%25%20($417%20million)|publisher=Trendeconomy|date=7 November 2024|access-date=20 March 2024|archive-date=25 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241125140048/https://trendeconomy.com/data/commodity_h2/180100|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhaqaaluhu weli wuxux si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay beeraha, iyadoo [[Beeraleyda yaryar|beeraleyda yaryar]] ee soo saarta dalagyada lacagta lagu doonayo ay u badan yihiin.<ref name="CIA" /> ==Asalka magaca== Asal ahaan, [[Sahan badeedka Burtuqiiska|ganacsatada-sahamiyayaasha Burtuqiiska]] ee qarniyadii 15aad iyo 16aad waxay u qaybiyeen xeebta galbeed ee Afrika, si qallafsan, afar "xeebood" oo ka tarjumayay kheyraadka laga heli karo xeeb kasta. Xeebta ay u bixiyeen {{lang|pt|Costa do Marfim}}—oo macnaheedu yahay 'xeebta fool-maroodiga', loona turjumay Faransiis ahaan {{lang|fr|Côte d'Ivoire}}—waxay u dhaxaysay wixii loo yaqaanay {{lang|pt|Guiné de Cabo Verde}}, oo loo yaqaanay "Gini-da Sare" ee ku taal {{lang|fr|[[Cap-Vert]]|italic=no}}, iyo Gini-da Hoose.{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}{{sfn|Lipski|2005|p=39}} Waxaa sidoo kale jiray [[Xeebta Basbaaska]], oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Xeebta Siraadka" (Laybeeriyada maanta), "[[Xeebta Dahabka (gobo)|Xeebta Dahabka]]" (Gana), iyo "[[Xeebta Addoomaha ee Galbeedka Afrika|Xeebta Addoomaha]]" (Toogo, Benin iyo Nayjeeriya). Sida kuwaas oo kale, magaca ''Ivory Coast'' wuxuu ka tarjumayay ganacsigii weynaa ee ka jiray qaybtaas gaarka ah ee xeebta: dhoofinta [[fool-maroodiga]].{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}{{sfn|Homans|1858|p=14}}{{sfn|Lipski|2005|p=39}}{{sfn|Plée|1868|p=146}} Magacyada kale ee deegaanka loo yaqaanay waxaa ka mid ahaa {{lang|fr|Côte de Dents}},{{Efn|[[Joseph Vaissète]], buuggiisii 1755 ee {{lang|fr|Géographie historique, ecclésiastique et civile}}, wuxuu ku liisgreeyay magaca sidii {{lang|fr|La Côte des Dents}} ('Xeebta Ilkaha'), laakiin wuxuu xusay in {{lang|fr|Côte de Dents}} ay tahay qaabka ugu saxan.{{sfn|Vaissète|1755|pp=185–186}}|name=teeths}} oo macnaheedu yahay 'Xeebta Ilkaha', markale ka tarjumaysa ganacsiga fool-maroodiga;{{sfn|Blanchard|1818|p=57}}{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}}{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Lipski|2005|p=39}}{{sfn|Plée|1868|p=146}}{{sfn|Walckenaer|1827|p=35}} {{lang|fr|Côte de Quaqua}}, oo loogu magac daray dadkii ay reer Holland u bixiyeen ''Quaqua'' (ama ''Kwa Kwa'');{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}{{sfn|Vaissète|1755|pp=185–186}} Xeebta Shanta iyo Lixda Xariijimood, oo loogu magac daray nooc ka mid ah dharka cudbiga ah ee halkaas lagu gadan jiray;{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}} iyo ''Côte du Vent'',{{Efn|{{lang|fr|Côte du Vent}} mararka qaarkood waxay muujinaysay isku-darka xeebaha "Ivory" iyo "Siraadka", ama mararka qaar xeebta "Siraadka" oo kaliya.{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}}|name=vent}} Xeebta Dabaylaha, sababo la xiriira xaaladaha cimilada maxaliga ah ee xeebta ka baxsan.{{sfn|Duckett|1853|p=594}}{{sfn|Thornton|1996|pp=53–56}} Qarnigii 19aad, isticmaalku wuxuu u guuray {{lang|fr|Côte d'Ivoire}}.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=100}} Xeebta dawladda casriga ahi si sax ah uma wada eka wixii ay ganacsatadii qarniyadii 15aad iyo 16aad u yaqaaneen xeebta "Ilkaha" ama "Ivory", taasi oo loo haystay inay ka soo bilaabato [[Cape Palmas]] ilaa [[Cape Three Points]] taas oo hadda u qaybsan dawladaha casriga ah ee Gana iyo Ivory Coast (iyadoo qayb yar ay haysato Laybeeriya).{{sfn|Blanchard|1818|p=57}}{{sfn|Homans|1858|p=14}}{{sfn|Walckenaer|1827|p=35}}{{sfn|Vaissète|1755|pp=185–186}} Waxay sii haysatay magaca intii lagu jiray xukunkii Faransiiska iyo xorriyaddii 1960.<ref name="WDL1">{{cite web|title=The Ivory Coast|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/643|publisher=[[World Digital Library]]|access-date=16 February 2013|archive-date=4 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204073233/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/643/|url-status=live}}</ref> Magaca muddo dheer ayaa si dhab ah loogu turjumay luuqado kale,{{Efn|Turjumaadaha dhabta ah waxaa ka mid ah {{langx|de|Elfenbeinküste}}, {{langx|it|Costa d'Avorio}}, {{langx|fi|Norsunluurannikko}}, {{langx|ru|Бе́рег Слоно́вой Ко́сти}}, iyo {{langx|en|Ivory Coast|italic=no}}.{{sfn|David|2000|p=7}}|name=trans}} taasi oo xukuumaddii xorriyadda ka dib ay u aragtay dhibaato sii kordheysa mar kasta oo xiriirkeeda caalamiga ah uu dhaafsiisanyahay fagaaraha ku hadla Af-Faransiiska. Sidaa darteed, bishii Abriil 1986, xukuumaddu waxay ku dhawaaqday in '''{{lang|fr|Côte d'Ivoire}}''' (ama, si buuxda, {{lang|fr|République de Côte d'Ivoire}}{{sfn|Auzias|Labourdette|2008|p=9}}) ay ahaan doonto magaceeda rasmiga ah ee ujeedooyinka hab-maamuuska dublamaasiyadeed, tan iyo markaasna waxay si rasmi ah u diidday inay aqoonsato wax turjumaad ah oo laga bixiyo Faransiiska loona turjumayo luuqado kale marka ay la macaamilayso caalamka.{{sfn|David|2000|p=7}}{{sfn|Lea|Rowe|2001|p=127}}{{sfn|Jessup|1998|p=351}} In kasta oo ay jirtay codsiga xukuumadda Ivory Coast, turjumaada Ingiriisiga ah ee "Ivory Coast" (badanaa "''the'' Ivory Coast") ayaa weli si joogto ah loogu isticmaalaa Ingiriisiga meelo kala duwan oo warbaahinta iyo daabacadaha ah. Dawlado badan ayaa u isticmaala "Côte d'Ivoire" sababo dublamaasiyadeed, sida ay u isticmaalaan xarumahooda warbaahineed, sida [[CCTV News (Chinese)|CCTV News]] ee Shiinaha. Ururada kale ee isticmaala "Côte d'Ivoire" waxaa ka mid ah [[Central Intelligence Agency]] ee buuggooda ''[[The World Factbook|World Factbook]]''<ref name="CIA" /> iyo ururada isboortiga caalamiga ah ee [[FIFA]]<ref>{{cite web|title=CAF Member Associations|url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/memberassociations.aspx|publisher=[[Confederation of African Football]]|access-date=20 July 2017|archive-date=25 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725110443/http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/memberassociations.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> iyo [[Guddiga Olombikada Caalamiga ah|IOC]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://www.olympic.org/cote-d-voire|publisher=[[International Olympic Committee]]|access-date=20 July 2017|archive-date=18 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718054551/https://www.olympic.org/cote-d-ivoire|url-status=live}}</ref> (iyagoo tixraacaya [[Xulka kubadda cagta qaranka ee Ivory Coast|xulkooda kubadda cagta qaranka]] iyo kooxaha Olombikada ee ciyaaraha caalamiga ah iyo baahinta rasmiga ah), ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=Cote d'Ivoire|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/139651/Cote-dIvoire|publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|access-date=20 June 2010|archive-date=18 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618075934/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/139651/Cote-dIvoire|url-status=live}}</ref> iyo ''[[National Geographic Society]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Places Directory|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destination/cote-divoire?source=A-to-Z|publisher=[[National Geographic Society]]|date=25 June 2008|access-date=20 June 2010|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308101113/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/destination/cote-divoire?source=A-to-Z|url-status=live}}</ref> [[BBC]]-du badanaa waxay u isticmaashaa "Ivory Coast" labadaba warbixinnada wararka iyo boggeeda ku saabsan dalka.<ref>{{cite news|title=Country profile: Ivory Coast|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1043014.stm|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=24 February 2010|access-date=30 April 2010|archive-date=15 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100415042400/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1043014.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> Si la mid ah, ''[[The Economist]]'' wuxuu sheegayaa "...Ivory Coast, ''faal'' Côte d'Ivoire..."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wroe|first=Ann|title=The Economist Style Guide: The Bestselling Guide to English Usage|url=https://archive.org/details/economiststylegu0000annw|publisher=Profile Books|year=2018|isbn=978 1 78125 831 6|edition=12th|location=Great Britain|page=[https://archive.org/details/economiststylegu0000annw/page/112 112]|language=en}}</ref> [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]], [[Fox News]], ''[[The Times]]'', ''[[The New York Times]]'', [[Shirkadda Baahinta ee Koonfur Afrika]], iyo [[CBC News|Shirkadda Baahinta ee Kanada]] dhamaantood waxay u isticmaalaan "Ivory Coast" si gaar ah ama ugu weyn.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}} ==Tixraacyo== {{Reflist}} {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Xeebta Foolmaroodi]] [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] rqujjedj3eo0i79zghxng5j547424ge 0 4471 309232 308735 2026-09-23T08:43:52Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Western Asia}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya | common_name = | native_name = | image_flag = Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg | image_coat = | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = {{nowrap|لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله}}<Br/>"{{transl|ar|Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh}}"<br />"Waxaan qira'yaa in uusan jirin ilaah, [[Ilaahay|Alle]] mooyee, waxana qirayaa in uu [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Muxamed]] yahay rasuulkii Alle. (''[[Shahaadah]]'') | national_anthem = {{lang|ar|ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي}}<Br/>"[[Aash Al Maleek|{{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Suʿūdī}}]]" <Br/> "Aash Al Maleek"<Br/><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Saudi Arabian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga|center]]</div> | image_map = Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg | capital = [[Madina]]: | coordinates = {{Coord|24|39|N|46|46|E|type:city_region:SA}} | largest_city = [[Madiina Al-munawara]] | official_languages = [[Modern Standard Arabic|Arabic]]<ref name="">CIA World Factbook</ref>{{cite web |title=Basic Law of Governance |url=https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |website=Ministry of Education |publisher=Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |access-date=1 September 2020 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=5 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205091610/https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |dead-url=yes }}<!-- Do not edit without talkpage consensus. --> | regional_languages = | religion = {{unbulleted list |93.0% [[Islam in Saudi Arabia|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia - The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |website=CIA |publisher=CIA |access-date=30 May 2021 |archive-date=19 Bisha Saddexaad 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319180722/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia |url-status=dead }}</ref> *:85–90% [[Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia|Sunni]] *:10–15% [[Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia|Shia]] |4.4% [[Christianity in Saudi Arabia|Christianity]] |1.1% [[Hinduism in Saudi Arabia|Hinduism]] |0.3% [[Buddhism in Saudi Arabia|Buddhism]] |0.2% [[Irreligion in Saudi Arabia|Unaffiliated]] }} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |[[Saudis|Saudi]]|Saudi Arabian}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Islamic state|Islamic]] [[absolute monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[King of Saudi Arabia|Boqor]] | leader_name1 = [[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]]: | leader_title2 = [[Prince of Saudi Arabia|Prince of Saudi Arabia]] | leader_name2 = [[Prince Mohammed bin Salman]] | legislature = none{{efn|There is a [[Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia|Consultative Assembly]], or Shura Council, which has no legislative power.<Ref>{{cite book|first1=Robert W.|last1=Hefner|title=Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation, Democratization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MmmVMCBej8oC&q=Saudi%2520%2522consultative%2520assembly%2522%2520no%2520legislative%2520power&pg=PA202|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4008-2639-1|page=202}}</ref> As its role is only consultative it is not considered to be a legislature.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-06-06|title=Analysts: Saudi Arabia Nervous About Domestic Discontent|publisher=VoA News - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/analysts-saudi-arabia-nervous-about-domestic-discontent|website=www.voanews.com|archive-date=2021-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606143218/https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/analysts-saudi-arabia-nervous-about-domestic-discontent|url-status=dead}}</Ref> }} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Saudi Arabia|Establishment]] | established_event1 = [[Emirate of Diriyah|First Saudi State]] | established_date1 = 1744 | established_event2 = [[Emirate of Nejd|Second Saudi State]] | established_date2 = 1824 | established_event3 = [[Emirate of Riyadh]] | established_date3 = 13 January 1902 | established_event4 = [[Unification of Saudi Arabia|Unification]] | established_date4 = 23 September 1932 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Charter|Admitted]][[United Nations Conference on International Organization|to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = 24 October 1945 | established_event6 = [[Basic Law of Saudi Arabia|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 31 January 1992 | area_km2 = 2,149,690<Ref>name="CIA World Factbook"</Ref> | area_rank = 12th | area_sq_mi = 830,000 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 0.7 | population_estimate = 34,218,169<Ref>name=population>{{cite web|title=The total population – General Authority for Statistics|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|website=stats.gov.sa|access-date=31 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403082640/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|archive-date=3 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</Ref> | population_census = | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_estimate_rank = 40th | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 15 | population_density_sq_mi = 38.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = 174th | GDP_PPP = $1.924 trillion <Ref>name=imf2>{{cite web |url= https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=86&pr1.y=9&c=456&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</Ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 14th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $56,817<ref>name=imf2 </ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 12th | GDP_nominal = $1180.289 Trillion Dollars | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 18th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $23,566. | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 35th | Gini = 45.9 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |title=The World Factbook |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |website=CIA.gov |access-date=28 May 2019 |archive-date=19 Bisha Saddexaad 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319180722/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia |url-status=dead }}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.854 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref> name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 40th | currency = [[Sacuudi riyaal| Sacuudi riyaal]] | currency_code = SAR | time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]] | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Hijri year|AH]]) | drives_on = Right | calling_code = +966 | cctld = {{unbulleted list|.sa |السعودية.}} | today = | ethnic_groups = 69% [[Arabs|Arab]] <Br/> 31% [[Afro-Arabs|Afro-Arab]] | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702033527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-07-02|title=The World Factbook|date=2 July 2014}}</Ref> | religion_ref = <Ref> name=pewl>{{cite web|title=Religious Composition by Country|url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|archive-date=23 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|access-date=10 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215031/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf}}</Ref> | religion_year = 2013 }} [[W:Tr:Suudi Arabistan]] [[w:arc:ܣܥܘܕܝܐ]] '''Sacuudiga''' ama '''Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya''' ([[Af-Carabi]] المملكة العربية السعودية ) waa wadan muslin ah oo ku yaala qaarada Aasiya, gaar ahaan mandiqada [[Bariga Dhexe|bariga dhexe]]. waxayna xad lawadagtaa, wadamada [[Urdun]], [[Kuweyt]], , [[Baxrayn]], iyo [[Imaaraatka carabta]]. Waxaa kale oo xad lawadaagaa Gacanka faarisiga, oo kaga beegan dhinaca [[Woqooyi]] [[Bari]] iyo [[Baddacas]] oo [[Galbeed]]ah dadka sucuudiga tiradooda waxaa lagu qiyaasaa, in ka badan 35* miliyan oo qof.(2020).: [[File:Saudi_Exchange_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Riyad_Bank_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Flynas_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Chicken_Saleeg.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] *_Boqortooyada waxaa yimaada sanadkii in la badan 2 milyan oo ruux Sacuudi Carabiya (/ ˌsɔːdi əreɪbiə / (ku saabsan dhawaaqa maqalka), / ˌsaʊ- / (ku saabsan codkan maqal); Carabi: السعودية as-Sucuudiyyah ama as-Sacuudiyyah), si rasmi ah Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya (BSC; Carabi: المملكة العربية السعودية al-Mamlakah al-Carabiyyah as-Sucuudiyyah, ku saabsan codkani (caawimaad · info)}}}, waa dal ku yaal galbeedka Aasiya oo ka kooban qaybta jasiiradda Carabta. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa ah gobolka ugu weyn ee madaxbannaan ee Bariga Dhexe, oo ah juqraafi ahaana shanaad ee ugu weyn Asia, tan labaad ee dunida Carabta ka dib Algeria iyo 12 -aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. . Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa xuddun u ah Jordan iyo Ciraaq waqooyi, Kuwait ilaa waqooyi bari, Qadar, Bahrain iyo Imaaraadka Imaaraadka Carabta xagga bari, Oman ilaa koonfur iyo yemen xagga koonfureed. Waxaa laga soocay Israel iyo </nowiki>[[Masar]] by Gacanka Cadaba. Waa waddanka keliya ee leh xeebta Badda Cas iyo xeebta Gacanka, oo badi dhulkeeda waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegaan, dhul hoose iyo buuro. Sacuudi Carabiya waa dhaqaalaha ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe ilaa Oktoobar 2018 iyo 18aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. Xuduuda hadda ka jirta Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ahayd goobo dhaqameedyo iyo dhaqamo qadiimi ah. Taariikhda Sacuudi Carabiya waxay muujineysaa qaar ka mid ah raadintii hore ee hawlaha bani-aadamka adduunka. Diinta labaad ee adduunka ugu weyn, Islaam, ayaa ka soo baxay maalinta casriga ah ee Sacuudi Carabiya. Horraantii 7aad, Nabiga Islaamka wuxuu midoobey dadweynaha Carabta isla markaana abuuray nidaam diimeed oo Islaami ah. Kadib markii uu geeriyooday 632, taageerayaashiisa si degdeg ah ayey u balaariyeen dhulka xukunka Muslimka ee ka baxsan Carabta, oo ka adkaaday dhulalka waaweyn ee dhulalka ah (laga bilaabo Iberian Peninsula ee galbeedka ilaa maalinta casriga ah ee Pakistan ee Bariga). Carabta oo ka soo jeeda waqooyiga Suudaan taariikhda casriga ah waxay aasaaseen Rashiidun (632-661), Umayyad (661-750), Abbasid (750-1517) iyo Fatimid (909-1171) Khaliifad iyo sidoo kale dhulal badan oo kale oo Asia ah, Afrika iyo Europe. Deegaanka Sacuudi Carabiya wuxuu hore u ahaan jirey afar gobol oo kala duwan: Hejaz, Najd iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga Carabta (Al-Ahsa) iyo Koonfurta Carabta ('Asir') Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya waxaa aasaasay sannadkii 1932 by Ibn Saud. Waxa uu ku biiray afartan gobol hal waddan iyada oo loo marayo qabsashooyin taxane ah oo laga bilaabo 1902 la qabsaday Riyadh, oo ah aabaha gurigiisa oo ka tirsan qoyskiisa, House of Saud. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa tan iyo markii uu ahaa boqortooyo baddan, si wax-ku-ool ah oo kali-talisnimo ah loo maamulay khadadka islaamka. Dhaqdhaqaaqa diiniga ah ee Wahhabi ee kuyaal Sunniga Islaamka waxaa loo yaqaan "muhiimada ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqanka Sacuudiga" == Taariikh == Sacuudiga waxee ka mid tahay wadamada Adoonta lahaan jirtay, wadanka sacuudiga waxaa la sameeyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1902, ninka sameeyay waxa uu ahaa [[Cabdul Casiis al Sacuudi|Ibn Sacuudi]], waxaana boqortooyada Sacuudiga noqday sanadka marka oo ahaa 1932, cabdul casiis wuxuu dhalay caruur ka badan 50 ruux. Waxaana markii ugu horeesay dhaxlay boqortooyada Wiilkiisa sanadka marka uu ahaa. 1964 kii. Magaciisana waxaa la dhihi jiray (Faysal bin Cabdul Casiis Al sacuudi) wuxuuna bilaabay in uu keeno adoomo. wuxuuna sacuudiga ka abuuray goobo waxbarasho.Sida iskuulo iyo meelaha kale ee cilmiga diiniga lagu barto iyo goobo caafimaad.Sida isbitaalada. Siyaasiyiinta wadanka sacuudiga ma eesan jeclaan jirin siyaasada wadamada reer galbeedka Sida wadanka Boqortootada ingiriiska (English) iyo wadanka kale ee maraykanka (america). Markii uu bilaawday Dagaalkii Gacanka oo u dhaxeeyay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] (QM) iyo wadanka Ciraaq sanadka marka uu ahaay 1991, sacuudiga waxee militari soo dhoobtay xuduudkeeda, isla markaas sacuudiga waxaa lagu soo weeraray sawaariiq waxeena ku dhaceen magaalada (Riyaad) ee caasimada wadanka sacuudiga Waqtigaas kadib sacuudiga waxuu saaxiib fiican la noqday wadanka mareykanka(america) Boqorkii sacuudi carabiya ee 《Fahad bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi》 waxuu ahaan jiray boqor iyo raiisul wasaare oo loo doortay sanadka marka uu ahaa 1982 kii waxuuna dhintay sabadka marka uu ahaa 2005 tii Kadibna waxaa bedelay [[Cabdullahi bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi]]. Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ku dhawaad ​​80% Jasiiradda Carabta (Xuduudaha ugu weyn adduunka), oo u dhaxeeya waddooyinka u dhaxeeya 16 ° iyo 33 ° N, iyo dhererka 34 ° iyo 56 ° E. Sababta oo ah xuduudaha koonfureed ee waddanka Imaaraadka Carabta iyo Oman ma aha mid si sax ah loo calaamadeeyay, cabbirka saxda ah ee waddanka lama yaqaan. [292] Caqabada CIA ee dunidu waxay ku qiyaastay 2,149,690 km2 (830,000 sq mi) iyo liisaska Sacuudi Carabiya oo ah gobolka 13aad ee ugu wayn dunida. Waa juquraafi ahaan waddanka ugu weyn ee Qaadka Carbeed. ==UN Tiroka== '''682''' Juqraafiyada Sucuudigu waxay ku badan tahay xeebta Carbeed, oo la xidhiidha semi-lama-degaanka iyo geed-geedka (eeg muuqaalka dayax-gacmeedka) iyo dhowr buurood iyo goobo dhaadheer. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah loola xiriiriyey oo ay ku jiraan 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq m) Rub 'al khali ("Quarter Boos") oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfur bari ee dalka, xeebta aduunka ee ugu weyn ee cagaaran. Waxaa jira harooyin yar oo dalka ka mid ah laakiin aan lahayn wabiyada joogtada ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee wadada ayaa aad u badan. Meelaha bacrin ah waa in laga helaa kaydka alaabooyinka dhulka, basaska, iyo oases. Muuqaalka ugu muhiimsan ee ugu muhiimsan waa bareegga dhexe ee ka soo baxa Badda Cas oo si tartiib ah ugu soo degaya Caddaanka iyo Gacanka Ciraaq. Xeebta Badda Cas, waxaa jira cirif dhuxul ah, oo loo yaqaan Tihamah barbar socda taas oo ku socota dabagal balaadhan. Gobolka Koonfur galbeed ee Asir waa buuro, waxaana ku jira 3,133 m (10,279 ft) Buur Sawda, oo ah meesha ugu sarraysa dalka. Marka laga reebo gobolka koofur galbeed ee Asir, Sacuudi Carabiya waxay leedahay cimilo cilad ah oo leh heerkul aad u sarreeya iyo heerkulka khafiifka ah ee habeenkii. Heerkulka xagaaga ee celceliska heerkulkiisu waa 45 ° C (113 ° F), laakiin wuxuu noqon karaa mid u sareeya 54 ° C (129 ° F). Xilliga jiilaalka heerkulku wuxuu yareeyaa 0 ° C (32 ° F). Guga iyo dayrta kuleylku waa diirimaad, heerkulka celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 29 ° C (84 ° F). Roobka sannadlaha ah ayaa aad u hooseeya. Goobta Asir waxay ku kala duwantahay in ay saameyn ku yeelato maraakiibta Hindiya, inta badan waxay dhacaan inta u dhexeysa bilaha Oktoobar ilaa Maarso. Celcelis ahaan 300 mm (12 in) oo ah roobabku waxay dhacaan muddadan, taas oo qiyaastii 60% roobabkii sanadlaha ahaa.!!` ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 2.1% <ref>http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-09/16/content_8696547.htm</ref>. =Xubin= *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] ==Waddanmaha La Deggan Saudi Arabia== * {{Flag|Bahrain}}: 50,000+ * {{Flag|Qatar}}:100,000+ * {{Flag|Kuwait}}: 20,000+ * {{Flag|Oman}}: 30,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:10,000++ The very large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which, according to 2019* data: are Bengali (~1,500,000), Tagalog (~900,000), Eastern Punjabi (~800,000), Urdu (~750,000), Egyptian Arabic (~650,000), Rohingya, North Levantine Arabic (both ~500,000)[489] and Malayalam.[490].<ref>https://www.internationalinvestment.net/news/4026204/250-expats-left-saudi-arabia-3q2020</ref>. <ref>https://www.expatfocus.com/general/these-five-countries-have-the-highest-percentage-of-expats-find-out-why-2514</ref>. Non-{{flag|Arab League}} States: Countries migrant workers come mainly from: '''[[ Midowga Yurub]]''', '''[[Great Britain]]''', ''[[Bangladesh]]'', '''[[Bakistaan]]''', ''[[Indonesia]]'', ''[[Philippines]]'', and many others at 12.49+ millions.!!` <ref>https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/875131</ref>. Duurjoogta waxaa ka mid ah Leopard Carbeed, Jahannamo, Dhallinyaro, Dhoobleey, Koontooyin, Gaadhi, bisad ciid, iyo jerboa. Xayawaanka sida xayawaanka, oryx, leopards iyo cheetahs waxay ahaayeen kuwo badan illaa qarnigii 19aad, markii xayawaan ballaadhan ay hoos u dhigtay xayawaankan. Shimbiraha waxaa ka mid ah falcons (oo la qabto oo loo tababaray sidii loo ugaadhsiin lahaa), gorgortanka, maqaarka, waraaqaha, qashinka, iyo bulubyada. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo abeesooyin ah, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin kuwo qarxa. Sucuudi Carabiya waxay ku nooshahay nolol aad u qoto dheer. Deegaanka Badu-yo gaar ahaan waa nidaam hodan ah oo kala duwan. In ka badan 1200 nooc oo kalluun ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey Badda Cas, 10% oo ka mid ah kuwaan ayaa laga helaa meel kale.[https://www.saudi-expatriates.com/2015/05/foreign-workers-population-in-ksa.html] .[<Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/17/mbs-mbz-a-special-bond-between-two-gulf-princes</Ref>]. [https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/saudi-arabia-population-statistics] [https://www.expatica.com/sa/moving/about/an-introduction-to-saudi-arabia-71251/#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20the%20Middle,population%20(around%2033%20million)] ==Eqtisaadka iyo Dhaqaale == Sacuudigu waa dowlada waa ugu weyn Dawladaha [[Carabta]] & [[Islaamka]] iyo kan siddeed iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Xubin joogta ah iyo aasaasaha '''[[OPEC]]'''. [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah golaha '''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]''' oo ah mid ka mid ah dhaqaalaha ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Dhaqaaluhu wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay ilaalinta iyo adeegyada ay taageeraan dawladda qaranka iyo qoyska boqortooyada.` Iyada oo lagu qiyaasay qiimihiisu yahay US$ ''33.00'' trillion, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu leeyahay kaydka khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee labaad ee ugu qiimaha badan. Inta badan kaydka Sucuudigu waxa uu ku jiraa qaab batroolka iyo gaasta dabiiciga ah. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay kaydka kaydka batroolka ee la xaqiijiyay ee labaad, iyo kaydka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee shanaad ee ugu wayn. Sacuudiga ayaa hadda ah dalka ugu badan ee dhoofiya batroolka [[aduunka]].!! '''[[Saudi aramco]]''', ama '''Saudi Arabian Oil Company''', waa shirkadda ugu weyn adduunka marka la eego suuq-geynta suuqa oo dhan US$ '''9.8''' trillion, in kasta oo saamiyadeeda ganacsigu ay ku fadhiyaan US$ ''2.36'' Trillion, wax yar ka horreeya '''[[Abbal]] Inc'''. Shirkaddu waa shirkadda ugu weyn ee isku dhafka ah ee saliidda iyo gaaska. Waxay xarunteedu tahay Dhahran, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxayna ka shaqeysaa adduunka oo dhan, iyadoo shaqaaleysiisay in ka badan 70,000 oo qof. Shirkadda ayaa si guud u shaacbaxday Diseembar 2019 markii ay iibisay US$ '''1.98''' tiriliyan oo saami ah, taasoo ah bixinta ugu weyn ee bilawga ah ee dadweynaha taariikhda.<ReF>https://www.fxcm.com/markets/insights/10-largest-companies-in-world-market-cap/</Ref>.!! [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu kamid yahay wadanka ugu soo saaritaanka badan shiidaalka ceyriinka ah iyo saliida sisaa darteed sacuudiga waa in uu '''[[Midowga Yurub]]''' da iyo '''[[Midowga Afrika]]''' da la saaxiibto.<Ref>https://incorporated.zone/largest-companies-by-market-cap-in-the-world/</Ref>.!! ==Sido kale Fiiri== * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}.:: * [[Somaliland]]:.. * {{Flag|Somalia}}:.. =Tixraac= {{reflist}} {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} {{Dalalka Aasiya}} {{Western Asia}} [[Category:Wadamada Aasiya]] 5epiiwl1x7of889q96211vvkt1v54x7 0 5300 309122 306310 2026-09-23T02:34:24Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Issa''' (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Esa , ama Aysa ) ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Ciise , Af-[[Carabi]]: عيسى ) waa qabiil ka mid ah qabiilka [[Soomaaliyeed]] ee waqooyi , waa qayb hoosaad ka tirsan qoyska qabiilka [[Dir]]. {{Infobox tribe | name = Issa<br> بنو عيسي | image = File:Sheikh_Issa_Tomb.png | caption = Qabriga Sheekh Ciise ee [[Sanaag]] | ethnicity = {{flagicon|Somalia}}[[Soomaalida|Soomaali]] | descended = Ciise | parent_tribe = [[Dir|Dir]] | branches = *Ēlēye' (Musse & Mamasan) *Walaldon (Idleh & Youssouf) *Hōlle (Mahadle & Saaib) *Hōrrōne (Habar Walaal & Geele Walaal) *Ūrweyne(Cabdalla & Fiqi) *[[Wardiq|Wardīq]] (Wakhtishiil & Rumawaaq) | religion = [[Sunni]], [[Islaam]] | language = {{flagicon|Somalia}}[[Soomaalida|Soomaali]]<br>{{flagicon|Arab League}}[[Carabi]] | type = [[Dir|Dir – Qabiilka Soomaaliyeed]] | location = {{flagicon|Djibouti}}[[Djibouti]]<br>{{flagicon|Ethiopia}}[[Ethiopia]]<br>{{flagicon|Somalia}}[[Somalia]] }} ==Dulmar== Beesha Dir ahaan , beesha Ciise waxay xidhiidh toos ah la leedahay Gadabuursi , Akisho , Surre (Cabdalle iyo Qubeys ), Biimaal (oo Gaadsen sidoo kale ka tirsan yihiin), Bajimaal, Bursuq , Madigaan Dir, Gurgura , Garre (Beesha Quranyow, Direed kale, Direed, Direed, Direed kale, Direed, Direed kale, Direed, Direed, Direed, Direed, Direed, Direed, Direed, Direed, Dir, Dir, Gurre, iyo Dir. jufooyinka waxayna xiriir toos ah la leeyihiin Hawiye (Irir), Xawaadle , Ajuuraan , Degoodi , Gaaljeceel , oo ay isku abtigii Samaale wadaagaan . [[File:Esa-Grave.png|thumb|Qabri Ciise]] Qabiilka Ciise waxa ay qarniyo badan soo saartay rag iyo dumar Soomaaliyeed oo sharaf leh oo ay ku jiraan Boqorro badan ( Ughaz ). Inta la ogyahay taariikhdooda Ciisaha oo lagu yaqaanay cududooda ciidan iyo xumaantooda, Ingiriiska oo la kulmay waxay u arki jireen Issas inay yihiin "mid ka mid ah qabaa'ilka ugu xagjirnimada iyo dagaalka badan waqooyiga bari ee Afrika". waxa kale oo uu Ingiriisku isku dayey inuu Saylac ku duulo gurigii Ciisaha Cad (Caysa) ee dadka u dhashay ay guushu ku raacday, iyadoo aanay jirin wax la isku dayey oo la isku dayey in lagu qabsado gudaha dalka Ciisaha, oo inta badan ay degganaayeen Ciisaha Madow; oo aan u adkaysan karin dabeecadda arxan-darrada ah ee qabiilka, oo hammigooda keliya ee nololeed si sax ah loogu soo koobi karo labada kelmadood ee “Dil iyo Dhac”. Iyada oo sida caadiga ah wejiyada qabiilkooda ay ka muuqato waji xun sida maamulka Ingiriisku ku tilmaamay. Dhaqanka qabiilka ee la midka ah kuwa Black Ciisaha ayaa ahaa in aan loo ogolayn in la guursado dhiig yar ilaa uu nin ku dilo dagaalka; maadaama aysan muhiim ahayn in ninkaas lagu dilo dagaal xaq ah, taasi waxay inta badan horseedday dil qabow iyo dagaallo joogto ah oo lala galo qabaa’ilka iyo qowmiyadaha deriska la ah, waxaa ka mid ah qabaa’ilka kale ee Soomaalida caadooyinkan oo kale aan horay loo arag, waxaas oo dhan waxay ku dadaalayeen in ay iska ilaashadaan qabiil la dagaalamo. Ciisaha waxaa lagu yaqaanaa sida ay u yaqaaniin isticmaalka fallaadhaha sumaysan iyo awooddooda ugaarsiga ee cajiibka ah, Issa waxay u taagan tahay awood la isku halleyn karo. Dhulka Carabta, waxa ay noqdeen calooshood u shaqeystayaal la raadiyo, oo inta badan loo diiwaan galiyo awooddooda dagaal iyo aqoon istiraatijiyadeed. Marka loo eego in ay mar walba ku jireen xaalad dagaal ilaa heer loo arko in dilku yahay waqtigoodii, si ay u sharfaan halgamayaashoodii dhintay, waxa ay dhigi jireen dhagaxyo toosan oo mid kasta oo dhibane ah, ka soo horjeedka albaabka guriga marxuumka. Haddii qofka dhintay uu dilo saddex nin ama in ka badan, waxa sidoo kale dhagaxaan la dhigi jiray mid kasta oo ka mid ah saddexda aqal ee xaasaska. Haddii qofka dhintay uu dili lahaa hal ama in ka badan oo maroodi ah, waxaa la soo saari lahaa dhagxaan aad u waaweyn. Intaa waxaa dheer, haddii mid ka mid ah dhibbanayaasha marxuumka ay ku jiraan niman, hal dhagax oo toosan oo lagu dhejiyo dhagax kale ayaa la saari lahaa. Dhaqankan lagu maamuusayo halgamayaashooda iyada oo loo marayo meelaynta dhagaxa, waxay ahayd arrin muhiim ah oo ka mid ah hiddaha iyo dhaqanka qabiilka Ciisaha. ==Taariikhda== ===Horraantii Qarnigii 19-aad, Colaadihii Waqooyi & Waxqabadkii Qabiilka Ciise=== [[File:Le_Tour_du_monde-06-p067.jpg|thumb|Khariidadda Henri Lambert ee Geeska Afrika 1855, qabiilka Ciise ayaa ka talinayay labada dhinac ee gacanka Tadjoura.]] [[File:Ali-kalageyeh.png|thumb|Halyeygii ciidamada ee Ciise Cali Kalageeye]] Waagii qalalaasaha ahaa ee qabaa'ilka Canfarta, Weima Danakil waxay soo ifbaxday koox caan ah oo haysata ku dhawaad ​​100 qaansoley Soomaaliyeed ah, kuwaas oo calooshood u shaqeystayaal u ahaa qabaa'ilka kala duwan ee waqooyi-galbeed, oo u badan Ciisaha. In kasta oo la isku dayey in la isku dayo, haddana waxa ay si adag u ilaashadaan af-soomaaligooda oo ay door bidaan in ay isku guursadaan bulshadooda dhexdeeda, iyaga oo ka fogaanaya in ay ku dhex milmaan Danakil wakhtigaas. Arrinta xiisaha lihi waxa ay tahay in Danakil ay u arkaan in toogashada ay tahay mid sharci darro ah, sidaas awgeedna ay ku tiirsan yihiin dadka aqoonta u leh Soomaalida si ay doorkaas u gutaan. [[File:Somali_People.jpg|thumb|Ciise rag iyo Dumar dhar dhaqameed xidhan (1844)]] Dhaqanka Ciise wuxuu ku adkeysanayaa isticmaalka joogtada ah ee qaansooyinka iyo fallaadho sumeysan oo ka mid ah darajooyinkooda. Sannadkii hore, 1838, dagaal gacan ka hadal ah ayaa dhex maray Debenik Weima iyo Mudaito, taasoo keentay iskahorimaad dhiig badan ku daatay. Khasaaraha ayaa ahaa mid aad u badan, iyadoo Mudaito ay ku dhinteen 700 oo dhimasho ah iyo Debne Weima oo ay ku waayeen 140 qof. Waxaa jiray farqi u dhexeeya tirada la soo sheegay, iyadoo Maxamuud Cali uu sheegay in Mudiato ay ku dhaawacmeen 1500 halka Weima ay 120. Intii ay dagaallameen, Debne Weima waxay si joogta ah ula safteen Issa oo ka soo horjeeda Mudaito. Xaaladahan oo kale, Ciisahu waxay ka dhigan yihiin ku dhawaad ​​saddex meelood meel ciidamadooda la isku daray. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay Ciisaha ka soo horjeedaan Mudaito, waxaa xusid mudan in magaalada caasimadda ah ee Aussa ay u badan tahay in ay degan yihiin Canfarta Mudaito iyada oo magaaladu u qaybsan tahay Assa-himera, Galeeya, Dar, Koorha, iyo Ciise. Qarniyo ka hor boqortooyadii Issa ee Aussa waxay la kulmeen kacdoon ka yimid Mudaitos, inkastoo dhacdooyinkaas, Issa ayaa weli sii waday joogitaanka Aussa, Kormeerkan waxaa sameeyay sahamiyeyaal Cornwallis iyo Harris R. Kirk 1841. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah Issa waxay degeen dhul ka soo horjeeda xeebta Ghoubbet-el-Kharab , oo ay kaxaysay harraad aan la dhayalsan karin oo loo qabo dhiigga bini'aadamka, si joogto ah ayay u soo galeen dhulka Danakil. Iyaga oo ka faa'iidaysanaya maqnaanshaha askariga dhamaadka ugu dambeeya ee garaacista, waxay si qarsoodi ah u soo degeen banka hadhsan ee godan waxayna ku kacaan fal naxariis darro ah. Isagoo dagaal aan joogsi lahayn kula jira reer Danaqil, inkastoo ay muuqato saaxiibtimo iyo xitaa isbahaysi ka dhexeeya caaqilada qabaa’ilka, haddana ma jirto fursad la lumiyo oo lagaga aarguto reer baadiyaha buuraleyda ah. Ficil kasta oo cusub oo cadaawad ah ayaa dhalinaya colaad cusub oo dhiig ah, iyada oo naf kasta oo labada dhinac ah la qaadayo ay dalbanayaan aargoosi laba laab ah, taas oo sii wadaysa rabshado aan dhamaad lahayn. Markii uu ka socdaalayay Tadjoura una socday buuraleyda Itoobiya ee Shoa sannadkii 1841, sahamiye Major Y. Cornwallis Harris waxa uu goob joog u ahaa dhibaato aad u daran. Ilaaladii la socotay ayaa la kulmay weeraro aan kala joogsi lahayn, iyada oo xubnaha si habaysan loo beegsaday, lagala baxay, oo ugu dambayntii la dilay waxa uu yidhi sidan: Eesah, oo sharaftiisa kaliya iyo maalkiisa uu ka kooban yahay tirada kawaannada xunxun ee ay damiirkoodu wasakhaysan yihiin, iyo kuwa wax-ku-tagga ah ee ku heshiiyey inay u taagan yihiin inay u ekaadaan sida bahalnimada iyo bahalnimada aan ka cabsanayn Ilaah iyo Ibliiska" Arabedoura, oo ah dhul fidsan oo ay sameeyeen walxo foolkaanooyin ah, ayaa waxaa lagu daboolay caws qurux badan oo u adeega sidii dhul daaqsimeed ee lo'da Baadiyaha. Xiliyada roobka da’a waxaa gobolkan u guura reer baadiyaha oo ay ku jiraan reer guuraaga Ciise. Reer guuraaga Issa waxa laga heli karaa iyagoo garab ka helaya Danakiles ee daaqa, sida uu sheegay sahamiye Rochet d'Hericourt 1841. Dhulka reer guuraaga Issa, oo ku yaal saddex horyaal oo koonfurta ka xigta Arabedoura. Sababo la xiriira imaanshaha xilli-roobaadka ee deegaannadaas, heshiis is-dhaafsi ah ayaa u oggolaanaya reer-guuraaga Ciise in ay xoolahooda daaqaan gudaha Danakile marka ay dhirtu u soo baxdo roob badan. Taa baddalkeeda, Danakils ayaa xoolahooda u kaxeeya reer-guuraaga Ciise markii ay daaqgoodii ka engegeen, roobkuna wuxuu billaabay inuu quudiyo dhulka deriska ah. Isku-tiirsanaantani waxay kobcinaysaa wada noolaanshaha labada qabiil ee caanka ah. Hawshan la'aanteed, isbahaysigoodu waxa uu halis gelin karaa, iyaga oo u xaglin kara reer guuraaga Ciise, ee caanka ku ah dabeecadda dagaalka iyo xirfadahooda qaanso ee cajiibka ah, oo ay ku caddeeyeen isticmaalka habboon ee qaansooyinka toogashada. Rochet d'Hericourt wuxuu sii wadaa inuu yiraahdo: "Soomaalida Ciise, oo ah jinsiyad aad u wanaagsan: dhererkoodu waa dheer yahay, sankoodu wuxuu ku dhow yahay aquiline; fool weyn oo xariijimo joogto ah ayaa siinaya wejigooda dabeecadda sifooyin muuqaal ah oo caqli-gal ah; geesinimada dabka leh, waxay jecel yihiin dagaallada, halkaas oo xirfaddooda ay ku tuuraan fallaadha waxay siinaysaa inay si weyn uga sarreeyaan deriskooda, oo iyaga ka cabsada." Sannadkii 1842-kii, dadka Soomaaliyeed ee Ciise waxay degganaayeen gobolka koonfureed ee Gacanka Tadjoura, oo ku fidsan dhulka Weima Danakil. Waxaa xusid mudan in qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah dadka Soomaaliyeed ee Ciise ay u aqoonsadeen Lohitu, Suldaanka Tadjoura, inuu yahay caaqilkooda. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa xusid mudan in kala bar qabiilka Weima ee Tadjoura ay ka kooban yihiin shakhsiyaad Soomaali ah oo Ciise ah. ===Bartamihii Qarnigii 19-aad=== Ciisaha ayaa ahaa qaybta ugu muhiimsan waddooyinka ganacsiga ee isku xidha Harar iyo magaalooyinka xeebta ee Berbera iyo Saylac. Xidhiidhka ganacsiga iyo beeralayda ee qabaa'ilka Soomaalida ee Afran-Qallo waxay ka qaybqaateen, laga soo bilaabo qarnigii shan iyo tobnaad, isku-dhafka siyaasadda iyo qowmiyadaha, taas oo lagu muujiyey abuurista qowmiyadaha Oromada-Soomaalida: Girri-Jaarso iyo Girri-Babillee, kuwaas oo isku daray hababka Oromada ee beeraha iyadoo la qaadanayo hay'adaha siyaasadda Soomaalida. Horumarka hay'adaha Soomaalidu waxay si qoto dheer ugu xidhnaayeen dhaqdhaqaaqii ganacsi ee qabiilka Ciisaha ee gobolka Saylac. Deegaankan Ciisaha ayaa ilaalo u ahaa ganacsatada iyo badeecadaha ay wataan ee u kala gooshta marinada ganacsi ee u dhexeeya Saylac iyo gobolada gudaha ee dalka. Beeshu waxay ku beddeshay adeegyadii ay ka qaadi jireen ganacsatada. Habayntani waxa ay gacan ka gaysatay habaynta iyo turxaan bixinta doorka Abbaan( ugaaska qabiilka) ee masuulka ka ahaa hubinta daryeelka iyo badbaadada dadkiisa. [[File:Map_of_Zeila_1877.jpg|thumb|Waddada ganacsiga Ciisaha ee Saylac ilaa Harar]] Muddo ka bacdi waxaa si rasmi ah u soo shaac baxay shaqadii iyo mas’uuliyaddii Abbaan-ku-taagnayd, wuxuuna ku khasbanaaday inuu maamulo dhaqaalaha iyo siyaasadda qabiilkiisa, la gorgortamo qabaa’ilka kale, isla markaana uu sugo amniga dadkiisa iyo hantidooda. Haddaba, dhaq-dhaqaaqa ganacsi ee qabiilka Ciisaha ayaa kaalin mug leh ka qaatay horumarinta hab-dhismeedka bulsho iyo siyaasadeed ee ummadda Soomaaliyeed. Qabiilka Ciisaha waxa ay hal-abuur ku haystaan ​​dhaqashada geela ee gobolka, iyaga ayaana ka masuul ahaa kiraynta xoolahan iyo kolonyada gaadiidka ee dhex mara gobollada Oromada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, geela ay leeyihiin Ciisaha ayaan ahayn kuwo ku habboon dhulka buuraleyda ah ee Harar u socda. Si loo maro dhulkan, waxa lagama maarmaan noqotay in la isticmaalo dameero ay Oromo bixiyeen. ===Issa - Khilaafka Masar, dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19aad=== Bartamihii 1870-meeyadii ka dib Khedivate ee Masar guuldaradii Itoobiya, waxay beddeleen xeeladdii ay Itoobiya dhinac walba uga hareerayn lahaayeen oo ay sidoo kale saldhig uga heli lahaayeen xeebaha Soomaaliya. Horraantii 1875, ciidamada Masar oo uu hogaaminayay Werner Munzinger waxay rabeen inay ku biiraan ciidamada Menelik iyagoo u socdaalay dhinaca galbeed ee dekedda Tadjoura kuna sii jeeday Awassa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xaaladaha cimilada ee adag iyo cimilada adag ayaa wiiqday tamarta ciidamada. Habeenimadii Noofambar 14, dagaalyahano ka tirsan qabiilka Issa Madoobe ee Soomaalida ayaa weerar ku qaaday ciidamada Masar, taasoo keentay in la xasuuqo Werner Munzinger, xaaskiisa, iyo inta badan taliskii ciidamada. Dadkii hadhay ayaa u baxsaday Tadjoura. Guuldaradani waxay calaamadisay dhamaadka hamigii ahaa in Masar lagu balaadhiyo Abyssinia Masiixiyiinta. Inkasta oo ay hore uga adkaadeen Masar ayaa aakhirkii la wareegay gacan ku haynta magaalooyinka xeebaha Soomaaliya ee Saylac, Berberana waa lagu guulaystay. Dhinaca kale, Khedive Ismaaciil waxa uu ballanqaaday in dekedaha Bulxaar iyo Berbera ay u furnaan doonaan ganacsigooda, marka laga reebo ganacsiga addoonta, isla markaana laga hortago joogitaanka ciidamada Yurub ee dekedahaasi. Xukuumadda Khedival ayaa sidoo kale ogolaatay in la dalacsiiyo qiimaha kastamka oo aan ka badnayn 5 boqolkiiba qiimaha badeecadaha la dhoofiyo, iyo in loo ogolaado Ingiriiska in uu ka sameeyo wakiil qunsuliyadeed meelahaas. Xagaagii 1875kii ayaa Masriyiintii waxay guddoomiye u doorteen Abu Bakar Ibrahim Shahim, oo Saylac ka ganacsan jiray. Abuu Bakar, oo sida muuqata ka soo farcamay reer Cafar, wuxuu lahaa saameyn weyn oo maxalli ah. Abu-Bakar in uu xidhiidh la lahaa Menelik II waxa ay faa'iido weyn u ahayd Khedive oo jooga Qaahira waxaana aad u qiimeeyey Faransiiskii aagga. Waxay u badan tahay in ay siiyeen dhalashada Faransiiska horraantii 1860-aadkii oo ay u magacaabeen wakiilkooda si ay uga helaan faa'iidooyinka uu siiyo ganacsatadooda gobolka Saylac iyo Obock. Isagoo haysta dhalashada Faransiiska, Abuu Bakar wuxuu xoojiyay maqaamkiisa inuu yahay hoggaamiyaha ugu saameynta badan gobolka Saylac marka loo eego dadka Canfarta iyo quwadaha Yurub. Masaaridu wax faragelin ah kuma samayn arrimaha Soomaalida, ee waxay u hoggaansameen heshiiskii ay la galeen Abuu Bakar, waxayna u adeegsadeen laaluush si ay u saameeyaan hoggaamiyayaasha qabaa'ilka, oo inta badan loogu yeero Ugaaska Saylac. Si ay u dhistaan ​​maamulkooda, waxay u magacaabeen madax ka soo jeeda beesha Ciisaha iyo qabaa’ilka kale ee Soomaalida ee ku dhaqan dhulka saxaraha Ogaadeeniya ee Koonfur Bari Harar. Dhul laga soo bilaabo Saylac ilaa Harar, Ciisahu waxay ka talinayeen Saylac iyo inta badan xeebaha Soomaaliya ilaa Bulxaar, reer Khediyiintu waxay bixin jireen cashuurta Ugaaska Ciisaha si ay u isticmaalaan jidka ganacsiga Saylac iyo Harar. [ 42 ] [ 43 ] Masaaridii oo ku sii socota Harar, waxay ku qasbanaadeen inay soo maraan dhulka Soomaalida Ciise, waxay socod ku mareen jeexjeexyo dhagax ah iyo sariiraha webiyada engegan ee gobolka Guban, kaas oo caadiyan la kulma kulayl kuleyl ah oo u dhexeeya 105 ilaa 110 darajo Fahrenheit May ilaa Sebtembar. Deegaanku waxa uu lahaa dhir kooban iyo ilo biyo-yaraan ah taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay xaaladaha xagaaga ee adag. [ 44 ] Dadka Ciise waxay faa'iido ka heleen ciidankii soo duulay, waxay yaqaaneen xaaladaha adag ee goobta iyo cimilada, sida la xusay, waxay tirtireen ciidamadii Munzinger bartamihii 1875 ee Awassa. [ 45 ] Iyaga oo keliya tiro xaddidan oo kabriid ah, ama 'Tower' nooca musketka garaaca, oo ay weheliyaan gacmahooda iftiinka ee dhaqameed, kuwaas oo ay ku jiraan laan, toorey, warmo, waran, seef, iyo gaashaan. Qaar baa shaqaaleysiiyay naadiyo, qaansooyin, bistoolado, ama, naadir, bastoolad, in kasta oo ay jireen hubkii qadiimiga ahaa, qabiillada Ciise ma ahayn mucaarad fudud. Marka la barbardhigo, ciidanka militariga ee Ra'uf Pasha ee Masaarida uu amar ku bixiyay waxay ka koobnaayeen shan cutub oo lugta ah, cutub kastaa wuxuu lahaa afar iyo toban sarkaal, 236 askari ( başhi bozuķ ), laba xabo oo buurta Howitzer ah, iyo laba gantaalada riddada ah. isla markaana, qabiilka Ciisaha waxa uu dagaal kula jiray Nole Oromo, Danakil (Afar) iyo Gadabuursi, iyada oo taas la tixgeliyey ka dib markii ay 5 maalmood ka hor istaageen hoggaamiyihii federaalka ee qabaa'ilka Ciisaha Soomaaliyeed, Sheikh Rolia, Masar, waxay isu dhiibeen ciidammadii soo celinta iyo calanka Masar. Taasi waxay meesha ka saartay khatartii Milatari ee Masaarida ay ku hayeen Ciisaha Soomaaliyeed, taasoo u sahashay inay u sii gudbaan dhinaca Harar iyagoo ka soo tallaabay dhulka Ciisaha. Korjoogayaashii Ingiriiska ee fadhigoodu ahaa Cadan ayaa warbixino u diray London, kuwaas oo muujinaya awoodda ciidanka soo duulay ay u isticmaali lahaayeen inay Issa ku khasbaan inay is dhiibaan, maadaama ay iyagu ahaayeen kuwii ugu horreeyay ee sidaas sameeya. Masaaridu waxay u qaybisay bulshooyinkii ku dhaqnaa deegaanka Harar saddex qaybood oo kala ah: Somali 'Ciise', Oromo Nole Oromo', iyo dadka magaalada Harar, iyadoo Ciisaha ay dhibaato badan ku keeneen maamulka Masar. Hogaamiye degan ma haystaan, marka laga reebo hogaamiyihii shuyuukhda culimadi Ciise. Dawladnimada ay iyagu dhisteen waa nooc ka mid ah dawlad wadaaga. Markay rabaan inay dawladnimada dumiyaan, waxay wiiqaan awoodeeda. Raggoodii wax-garadka ahaa iyo madaxdii reeraha ayaa is urursada. Way wada tashadaan, mararka qaarkoodna tani waxay socotaa toddobaadyo badan. Marka ra'yiga aqlabiyadda la aqbalo, dawladdu way fulisaa. Sidan ayaa loo fuliyaa magacaabista ama xil ka qaadista mudanayaashooda. [[File:UgaasAbode.jpg|thumb|Issa Somali oo taagan bannaanka hoyga Ugaas Roobleh Faarax ee Jaldessa]] Intii u dhaxaysay bilihii June iyo Luulyo 1878kii, xaaladda ammaan ee gobolka Harar ilaa xeebaha Soomaaliya aad ayay uga sii dartay, ka dib kacdoon ay sameeyeen dadka Soomaaliyeed ee Ciise. Qalalaasahan oo markii hore ka bilaabmay deegaanka Berber ayaa ugu dambayntii ku fiday gobolka Harar. Bishii Luulyo 1878, Raduan Pasha iyo ku xigeenkiisii, Axmad Rami Bey, waxay isku dayeen inay xakameeyaan kacdoonka dhowr boqol oo fallaago ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay dhayalsadeen awoodda ciidamada jabhadda, kuwaas oo ku guuleystay inay la yaabaan oo ay jabiyaan ciidankii yar ee Masar. Kadib jabhaddii waxay u carartay dhanka Saylac. Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya, Masaaridu waxay ka aargoosatay tuulooyin cidla ah oo ay ku duuleen, waxayna gubeen guryihii toban hoggaamiye beeleed. Marka loo eego qiimaynta Raduan Pasha, ciidanka garrison ee fadhigoodu yahay magaalada iyo nawaaxigeeda ma awoodi doonaan inay xakameeyaan fallaagada Issa ee baahsan. Waxa uu ku wargeliyay dowladda Khedival khatarta jirta, waxa uuna carabka ku adkeeyay in si deg deg ah loogu baahan yahay gurmad ciidan oo laga sameeyo magaalada Harar. Raduan Pasha waxa uu dalbaday in la soo celiyo markabkii dagaalka ee Masar, kaas oo ku sugnaa aagga Berbera ilaa horraantii sannadkii 1878-kii, balse ay dawladdii Kheddiga ahi ku amartay inuu ka baxo. Markabkan ayaa siday labo qeybood oo loo xilsaaray taakuleynta ciidamada gobolka ee ku sugan inta u dhaxeysa magaalooyinka xeebta ah iyo Harar. Jabhadihii Ciise waxay gaadheen aagga u dhexeeya Harar iyo xeebta Soomaaliya si ay uga baxaan gacanta Masar. Xukuumadda Khiri Pasha ayaa ka fiirsanaysay ikhtiyaarka ah in mar kale lagu daro gobolka xeebta ee Badda Cas iyo Harar ee Xikimdariya ee Suudaan. Raduan Pasha waxa ay isku dayday in ay weerarto fariisimaha jabhadda ee gobolka Harar bishii Oktoobar 1878 laakiin waxa ay la kulantay guuldarro kale oo weyn. Fallaagada waxaa u suurtagashay in ay dilaan lix iyo labaatan askari oo ay ka furteen ciidanka Raduan Pasha sagaal iyo labaatan qori iyo siddeed iyo soddon faras. Bishii Noofambar 1878-kii, Raduan Pasha waxa uu hoggaaminayey ciidan yar oo konton askari ah iyo hal madfac oo Saylac ka soo raacay Harar si uu ula xaajoodo hoggaamiyayaashii jabhadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, markii ay iman waayeen magaalada, wuxuu u safray tuulooyinkoodii si uu ula kulmo iyaga. Raduan Pasha sida degen ee uu ula dhaqmayo qabaa'ilka ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaartay nabadaynta jabhadda. Kadib shir ka dhacay magaalada Harar ee ay fallaagadu ku xooga badan yihiin, Raduan Pasha waxa ay la xaajoodeen madaxdooda oo ay ku heshiiyeen in la dhimo oo la qiimeeyo cashuuraha. Taas beddelkeeda, fallaagada waxay saxiixday heshiis xabbad-joojin ah oo ay ku ballan-qaadeen inay oggolaadaan gaadiidka xeebta iyo xitaa soo celiyaan wixii ay dhaceen. Raduan Pasha ayaa u sheegay guusha uu gaaray Gordon, kaasoo isna ku wargeliyay dowladda Khedive in kala dambeyn la soo celiyay oo aan loo baahneen wax xoojin ciidan ah. Xabad-joojintii lagu gaadhay wada-xaajoodyadii Raduan Pasha ee jabhadda waxay ahayd mid muddo gaaban jirtay, horraantii bishii Maarso 1879-kii, waxaa caddaatay in gaadiidka waddooyinka mar kale uu khatar ahaa. Jabhaddu waxay taas u qaadatay calaamad daciifnimo, waxaana ku biiray qabaa'il kale oo Soomaaliyeed oo jabhaddooda ku biiray. Waxay beegsadeen kolonyo gaadiid ah, waxayna dhaawaceen xadhkaha telegaraafka, waxayna jareen xiriirkii magaalooyinka xeebta. Raduan Pasha waxa uu ka codsaday in la xoojiyo milatariga dawladdii Kheddiga ah iyo ciidan ka kooban ilaa 1,500 oo askari oo caadi ah, oo ay weheliyaan qabaa'ilka kale ee Soomaalida ee ka soo horjeeda qabiilka Ciisaha, ayaa si degdeg ah badda ugu yimi Saylac. Dib-u-celintan, Raduan Pasha wuxuu hoggaamiyay weerar guul leh oo ka dhan ah mucaaradka, isagoo ka adkaaday ciidankooda ilaa 370 nin oo hubaysan. Taas ka dib, Ciisaha Soomaaliyeed ma aysan keenin wax khatar ah mar kale ilaa ay Masar ka guureen Harar 1885. Ka bixitaankii Masar ee Harar waxa la mid ahaa ka bixitaankooda Saylac iyo Berbera, si ay uga feejignaadaan kacdoonka Oromada iyo Ciisaha Somalidu kaga soo horjeedaan ciidamada Masar ee dib u guranaya. Thomas Hunter, oo ahaa xoghayihii koowaad ee ergadii Ingiriiska ee Cadan 1884-kii ilaa 1887-kii, waxa uu ka baqay in inta lagu guda jiro bixitaanka, ay dhici karto in kooxaha qabaa’ilka ay weerarro lama filaan ah ku qaadaan Masaarida oo ay gadaal ka soo galaan, taasoo dhalin karta kacdoon cusub oo Mahdiyya ah oo la mid ah kii Suudaan lagu arkay. Masaaridu waxay ka baxeen Geeska Afrika, waxay walaac ka muujiyeen dareenka Ingiriiska ee ku aaddan dareenka qalafsan ee Berbera iyo suurtagalnimada in qabiilka Ciisaha Soomaaliyeed ay la wareegaan magaalada. Si taas looga hortago, Thomas Hunter waxa uu soo jeediyay in markab dagaal oo Ingiriisku leeyahay oo uu hoggaaminayo sarkaal ka tirsan ciidammada badda ee fadhigoodu yahay magaalada Cadan uu si joogto ah u sii joogo dekedda Berbera. Talaabadani waxay u adeegi doontaa is-hortaag iyo is-hortaag ku yimid Issaga Soomaaliyeed ilaa laga dhameeyo daadgureynta Harar. Si looga hortago kacdoon kale oo Issa ah, Thomas Hunter wuxuu ku taliyay in Ingiriisku ka taliyo Saylac inta ay weli joogaan ciidamada Masar, iyada oo la adeegsanayo 150 ciidan lug ah oo degaanka ah oo lagu xoojiyay geel. Dabadeed, iyagoo ka faa'iidaysan kara millatari, waxay la kulmi doonaan Ciise heshiis ku saabsan ka bixista Harar, iyo inaan wax dhib ah laga fileyn waddooyinka, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay kaalmada ay bixiyeen dadka Soomaaliyeed ee Ciise. Markii ay Masar tagtay, Soomaalidu waxay markiiba bilaabeen inay dhacaan oo ay xasuuqaan kolonyadii ganacsiga ee Yurub: 'Ciidanayaashii Ciise waxay 103 qof oo reer Yurub ah iyo dadka deegaanka ku laayeen waddooyinka u dhexeeya Harar, Saylac iyo Berbera. 44 Isla mar ahaantaana weerarradaas, oo lala beegsaday shisheeyaha, ayaa bishii Nofembar 1885-kii dagaal dhiig badani ku daatay ka dhex qarxay Soomaalidii Ciise iyo Gadabuursi oo ku saabsanaa gacan ku haynta waddooyinka ganacsi ee u dhexeeya Harar iyo Saylac. Inta uu socday dagaalka waxaa ku dhintay 20 qof, waxaana aad loo wiiqay ammaanka waddooyinka. Dabadeed 1886 kii ayaa Ciise iyo Canfartu dagaal ku dhex-maray, iyo dhammaan jidad ganacsi oo ka soo baxay Saylac oo u socday Awsa. ===Qarnigii 20-aad – hadda=== Weerarkii Talyaanigu ku qaaday Itoobiya 1935/36, Ciisa wuxuu ka dagaallamay dhinaca Talyaaniga, taas beddelkeedana wuxuu ka faa'iidaystay hub iyo tababar ciidan iyo fursado suuq-geyneed oo faa'iido badan leh oo lo'dooda ah. Nuskii dambe ee Qarnigii 20-aad, Soomaaliya waxay hub dheeraad ah siisay Ciisaha, oo ay u cusboonaysiisay qayb ka mid ah Jabhadda Xoreynta Soomaali Galbeed. Xasuuqii Aysha waxay ahayd xasuuq ay ciidamada Itoobiya u geysteen qowmiyada Soomaalida ee Ciisaha 13 August 1960 magaalada Aysha ee dalka Itoobiya . Ciidamada Itoobiya ayaa la sheegay in ay u dhaadhaceen deegaanka si ay uga qeyb qaataan daminta colaada la xiriirta aanooyin qabiil. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida goob-joogeyaashu sheegeen, in rag Soomaali ah la geeyey meel kale, ka dibna ay dileen askar Itoobiyaan ah. Kuwii danbe ee u qaxay Dikhil iyo Cali Sabiix ee Jabuuti . Abaartii iyo gaajadii 1972-1973 / 74 waxay sii kordhisay colaadaha. Ciidanka Itoobiya ayaa soo dhexgalay Ciisaha waxayna 1971/72 ka dileen boqollaal, kuna qafaasheen in ku dhow 200,000 oo neef. Markii Jabhadda Xoreynta Soomaali Galbeed laga adkaaday , qeybta Ciisaha waxay ku hareen magaca Ciise iyo Jabhadda Xoreynta Gurgura . Waxay taageero ka heli jireen Soomaaliya waxayna ku biireen EPRDF . Sannadkii 1987kii ayaa ismaamulka Diridhaba loo sameeyay Ciisaha (oo hore uga tirsanaan jiray gobolka Xararge ) oo qayb ka ahaa qayb cusub oo maamulka Itoobiya. Tan iyo markii EPRDF la wareegtay 1991, deegaanada Ciisaha ee Itoobiya waxay ka mid ahaayeen qeexitaan qowmiyadeed ee Gobolka Soomaalida . Jabuuti oo uu Faransiisku ku gumaysan jiray magaca Xeebta Soomaalida ee Faransiiska (ilaa 1967-kii, ka dibna dhulka faransiiska ee Cafarta iyo Ciisaha ) waxaa sidoo kale ka jiray xiisad u dhaxaysa Ciisa iyo Canfarta , iyadoo Ciise iyo Soomaalida kale ee Jabuuti ku nool ay doonayeen in ay ku xidhmaan Soomaaliya oo xor ah tan iyo 1960kii. Inta badan Canfartu waxay door bidaysay masiirka Faransiiska . Mahamoud Xarbi waxa uu ahaa hogaamiyihii ugu weynaa ee dhaqdhaqaaqii gobonimo doonka balse waxa la dilay 29 September 1960 waxana la waayay saaxiibadii Djama Mahamoud Boreh iyo Mohamed Gahanlo iyagoo ka duulaya Geneva kuna sii jeeday Qaahira . Si rasmi ah, waxay ku dhinteen shil diyaaradeed , laakiin doorka suurtogalka ah ee ururka de l'armée secrète ayaa la qiyaasayaa. 1977kii Jabuuti xornimadeeda way qaadatay , laakiin lama midoobin Soomaaliya . Intii uu socday dagaalkii Ogaadeenya , siyaasiyiintii Ciisaha ee saamaynta ku lahaa waxay ku tala galeen Jibuuti-weyn ama “Ciise-land”, halkaas oo soohdinta Jabuuti ka bilaabanayso Badda Cas ilaa Diridhaba. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, riyadaas waxay ku burburtay dhammaadkii dagaalka iyadoo ciidammadii Soomaalida laga saaray Itoobiya. Xiligii Hassan Gouled Aptidoon , Djibouti waxa ay isu rogtay dawlad hal xisbi ah oo ka tirsan Rassemblement Populaire pour le Progrès (RPP) taas oo aan laga fiirsan danaha dadka tirada yar ee Canfarta . 1991-1994, sidaas darteed waxaa Jabuuti ka dhacay dagaal sokeeye oo u dhexeeyay dawladdii Ciisaha u badnayd iyo jabhadii Canfarta ee FRUD. Ugu dambeyntii, xisbiyada kale ee mucaaradka ayaa la aqbalay, Canfartuna waxay ku lug lahayd dawladda, halka Ciise uu weli gacanta ku hayo siyaasadda. 1999kii Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle , oo uu adeer u ahaa Xasan Guuleed Aptidoon, waxa uu bedelay Jabuuti. Gobolka Awdal ee Somaliland waxa ka dhacay dagaallo ay la galeen beelaha Gadabuursi oo ah beelaha kale ee Dir . Colaaddu waxay keentay in qaar ka mid ah Issa ay u baxsadaan Itoobiya dhammaadkii 1990-aadkii. Xero qaxooti ayaa laga furay Degago/Ayisha. Mawjad labaad oo qaxoonti Ciise ah ayaa ka guuray magaalo xeebeedka Saylac 1991kii ka dib markii ay la dagaalameen SNMta Isaaq iyo Gadabuursi . ==Qaybinta== [[File:Issa_in_Somaliland.png|thumb|Khariidadda Jasiiradda Waqooyi ee Soomaaliya oo muujinaysa sida loo qaybiyay qabiilka Ciise ee qaybta waqooyi-galbeed]] [[File:Map_of_Somaliland_Protectorate.jpg|thumb| Maabka Somaliland oo ay ka muuqato beesha Ciise.]] Issa waxay ku nool yihiin Itoobiya inta badan halkaas oo ay gaaraan gobollada Oromada iyo Canfarta waxayna ka sameeyaan qayb weyn oo ka mid ah magaalada Diridhaba ee Chartered. Waxa kale oo ay deggan yihiin Jabuuti , halkaas oo ay ka yihiin in ka badan kala badh dadweynaha, marka saddexaadna waxay deggan yihiin Awdal , Somaliland sidoo kale. Ciisahu waa qabiilka ugu badan ee ku nool Djibouti . Sidoo kale beesha Ciise waa beesha labaad ee ugu badan ee ku nool xudduudaha Ismaamulka Soomaalida Itoobiya iyadoo lagu saleeyay tirakoobkii dadweynaha Itoobiya ee 2008-dii. Dariska dhow ee Ciisaha galbeedku waa Canfarta (ama Danakil) oo ay Ciisahu si joogto ah ula dagaalami jireen. IM Lewis waxa uu ku tilmaami jiray "xaalad cadaawad joogto ah oo ka dhaxaysa Ciise iyo Cafar", Barigooda reer ciise waxa ay xidhiidh la leeyihiin Gadabuursiga Somaliyeed oo ay dareemayaan in ay isku isir yihiin oo ay isku isir iyo dhaqan wadaagaan. Ku socota Koonfur Gurguura, Hawiye iyo Oromo. Magacyada Caddaanka iyo Madow, sida horgale loogu sii dhigay Issa, si fudud u tixraac qaybintooda juqraafiga; Buuro kala duwan oo galbeed ka xiga oo barbar socda jidka Jabuuti iyo Harrar ayaa u adeega sida xariiqda kala qaybisa; Ciisaha cad waa kuwa ugu dhow badda, halka Isaaqa Madow ee ka baxsan xadka. Kala duwanaanshiyahan ayaa waxaa sabab u ah sida ay u egyihiin labada dal, iyadoo dalka dhanka galbeed ka xiga uu ku dhow yahay in uu ka kooban yahay ciid, dalka dhanka bari ka xigana uu yahay mid inta badan qariyay dhagax weyn oo basaltic ah. Natiijo ahaan, kii hore wuxuu leeyahay muuqaal madow sababtoo ah dabeecaddiisa volcano, halka kan dambe uu yahay saxare cad oo bacaad ah. Ciisaha Madow wuxuu ka kooban yahay Wardiq , qaybo ka mid ah Muuse Eleeye, Horrone oo dhan, iyo qaybo ka mid ah Furlabe iyo Walaldoon. Cidda Cad waxay sida caadiga ah ka kooban tahay qaar ka mid ah Furlabe, qayb Muuse Eleeye ah, iyo qayb Mamassan ah, iyo qayb Walaldoon ah. ==Xeer-dhaqameedka Xeerka & Maamulka== [[File:Ugaas_Rooble.png|thumb|Ciise Ugaas Rooble oo la sawiran adeerkii Shirdoon 1885kii]] Odayaashii Ciise oo u shaqaynayay sidii qoys beeleed isku xidhan, waxa ay la kulmeen dhibaatooyin badan oo ay ka mid yihiin colaado sokeeye, abaaro, budhcadnimo, khalkhal ganacsi iyo qas bulsho. Iyagoo ka jawaabaya, waxay dejiyeen dastuur dhaqameed loogu magac daray Xeer Ciise, oo ku sifoobay mabaadi'da awood qaybsiga, midaynta bulshada si ay u raadiyaan xasillooni iyo kala dambayn. Sida dhaqanka afka ah, sida ay cuqaasha Ciise ka sheekeeyaan, dhowr qarni ka hor, awoowayaashii beesha Ciisaha waxa ay safar tahriib ah kaga soo baxeen Saylac, iyaga oo aakhirkii isugu yimi buurta Sitti ee hadda loo yaqaan Caasha Wereda. Goobtan gaarka ah waxa loo yaqaannay Laas-Harad. Si uu u noqdo oday Ciise oo uu u noqdo wakiil ka socda laba-iyo-tobanka beelood ee Ciise, waa in la buuxiyaa laba shuruudood oo aasaasi ah: labada waalidba waa inay noolaadaan, oo waxay u baahan yihiin inay helaan wiil. Si loo fududeeyo maamulkooda iyo hannaankooda go'aan gaarista, koox ka kooban afartan iyo afartan oday ayaa shirar socday muddo bil ah ku qabtay Buurta Sitti. Laba iyo tobanka beelood ee Ciisaha mid kastaa wuxuu isu beddeshay in uu cuqaasha u qaybiyo inta uu shirku socdo. Muddo ka dib, golahan odayaashu waxa ay hindiseen xeerar dhammaystiran oo 362 ah oo aan qornayn oo loo yaqaan "hera." Sheekadu waxay leedahay in dhacdo muhiim ah ay dhacday mid ka mid ah shirarka Buur Sitti markii daruur ay u muuqatay inay si toos ah uga laadlaadsan tahay wakiillada hal beel oo Ciise ah, Wardik. Dhacdadan aan caadiga ahayn ayaa guud ahaan lagu macneeyay inay tahay calaamad Rabbaani ah, taasoo muujineysa in Wardiqiintu ay yihiin kuwo loo doortay, xitaa Eebbe, si ay u gutaan doorarka hoggaamineed ee beesha Ciise/Soomaaliyeed. Sidaa darteed, wixii intaa ka dambeeyay, hoggaamiyaha Ciise/Soomaaliyeed, ee loo yaqaan Ugaaska, ayaa si joogto ah looga soo xulay beesha Wardiq. Inkasta oo Ughaz ay lahayd maamulka ugu sarreeya, haddana beesha Ciisaha waxa ay si gaar ah u ilaalinaysaa qaab-dhismeed bulsho oo sinnaan ku dhisan oo salka ku haya hayb-beeleed, kaas oo qof kasta, iyadoo aan loo eegin lab iyo dheddig, loo tixgaliyo in ay siman yihiin, qof kastaana waxa uu xaq u leeyahay in uu fikirkiisa ka dhiibto arrimaha khuseeya qabiilkiisa. Sidaa darteed, go'aan-qaadasho ku salaysan is-afgarad ayaa ah caadada dhexdooda. Habka go'aan gaarista ugu horrayn waxa ku jira wada-tashi, halkaas oo xubin kasta oo lab ah oo ku abtirsada ay xaq u leedahay in ay ka qaybgasho doodaha la xidhiidha arrimaha qabaa'ilka ee shir-wadareed loo yaqaan 'shir'. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jirta maxkamad ka kooban afartan iyo afar wakiil, oo matalaya qaybaha kala duwan ee qabiilka, oo loo yaqaan 'Rer Gendi'. Qaybtani waxa ay u adeegtaa laba ujeedo sida maxkamada rafcaanka ee garsoorka iyo urur dhaqameed labadaba. Waxa si gaar ah loo qabtaa xilliyada xaaladaha degdegga ah ama dhibaatooyinka qaranka. ==Nasab== [[File:Sheikh_Issa_Tomb.png|thumb|Qabriga Sheekh Ciise oo ahaa aabbihii dhidibada u taagay beesha Ciisaha ee gobolka Sanaag .]] Ciisahu dhaqan ahaan waxa uu xidhiidhkooda ka raadiyaa Dir, qabrigiisu waxa uu u dhexeeyaa Rugay iyo Maydh ee bariga Somaliland Qabriga Sheekh Ciise waxay u badan tahay inuu ka hor imaanshaha maxalliga ah ee Islaamka , taas oo macnaheedu yahay dhismayaashooda wuxuu dhacay qarnigii 13aad ama ka hor. ===Qari=== Issa waxay ka tirsan tahay T-M184 haplogroup waxaana TMRCA lagu qiyaasaa inay tahay 2100-2200 sano ama 150 BCE. ===Geed qabiil=== Iyadoo lagu salaynayo qoraalada urur bulsheed ee Ciisaha Somaliyeed. Ciise wuxuu u qaybsan yahay laamaha soo socda. Ciise *Ēleye' (Musse & Mamasan) *Walaldon (Idleh & Youssouf) *Hoolle (Mahadle & Saa'ib) *Hōrrōne (Habar Walaal & Geele Walaal) *Ūrweyne(Cabdelle & Fiqi) *Wardiiq (Wakhtishiil & Rumawaaq) ==Dadka caanka ah ee Ciise== [[File:Ismail_Omar_Guelleh_2010.jpg|thumb|Madaxweynaha Jabuuti Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle]] *Maxamuud Xarbi : Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenka Golaha Dawladda Faransiiska Somaliland . *Xasan Guuleed Aptidoon : 1916–2006, Madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee Jabuuti 1977 ilaa 1999. *Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle : Madaxweynaha Jabuuti 1999kii. *Lula Cali Ismaaciil : Jibuuti- Canadian agaasimaha filimada *Cabdoo Xamargod : Muusikiiste *Daahir Axmed Faarax : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah *Cabdiraxmaan Waaberi : qoraa *Ahmed-Idriss Moussa :Siyaasi Jabuutiyaan ah *Nima Djama : muusikiiste *Aicha Bogoreh : Marwada koowaad ee Jabuuti *Axmed Boulaleh Barreh : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah *Axmed Saalax : Orodyahanka Jabuuti *Idriss Arnaoud Ali : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah *Xabiiba Cabdilaahi : Musician *Cumar Faarax Iltireh : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah *Aden Robleh Awaleh : Madaxweynaha Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga Qaranka . *Xaawo Axmed Yuusuf : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah *Mohamed Ali Fourchette : muusikiiste *Rooble Olhaye : Wakiilka joogtada ah ee Qaramada Midoobay u qaabilsan Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti. *Kadra Axmed Xasan : Ergeyga Joogtada ah ee Qaramada Midoobay iyo Ururka Ganacsiga Adduunka ee Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti. *Yacin Bouh : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah. *Xasan Dharaar Hufane : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah *Cabdalla Cabdillahi Migil : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah &Xuseen Axmed Saalax : Orodyahanka Maratoonka Jabuuti. *Moumin Bahdon : Siyaasi reer Jabuuti ah. *Aïcha Mohamed Robleh : Qoraa *Jamaal Cabdi Diiriye : Orodyahan *Faadumo Axmed Dhimbiil : Fanaanad *Abdi Waiss Mouxiyadiin : Orodyahan *Axmed Daahir : Kubadda Cagta *Aden Faarax Samatar : Fanaan *Youssouf Hiss Bachir : Orodyahanka *Maxamed Yuusuf : Badmaax *Axmed Goumane-Rooble : Siyaasi *Djama Robleh : Orodyahanka *Roda Ali Wais : Orodyahan *Mohamed Ali Fourchette : muusikiiste *Mouna-Hodan Axmed : Abwaan *Hoche Yaya Aden : Orodyahanka *Moumina Houssein Darar : Baaraha Jabuuti ee la dagaalanka Argagaxisada. *Aadan Faarax : Afhayeenka Aqalka Sare ee Itoobiya *Choukri Djibah : Siyaasi iyo u dhaqdhaqaaqa sinaanta haweenka. *Mohamoud Dirir Geeddi : Siyaasi Itoobiya ==Tixraac== [https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ac7672.html "Refworld | 1) Cadaadiska Qowmiyada Ciisaha ee Itoobiya; 2) Cadaadiska ay dadka Itoobiya ku hayaan qowmiyadda Soomaalida ee ku nool waqooyiga Itoobiya"] [https://books.google.com/books?id=XMoNDgAAQBAJ&q=Dir Shucuubta Geeska Afrika (Soomaalida, Canfarta iyo Saaxo): Waqooyi Bari Afrika Qaybta 1aad] [https://books.google.com/books?id=j3DGs00LT8EC Shucuubta Geeska Afrika: Soomaali, Canfar iyo Saaxo] [https://books.google.com/books?id=29wxAQAAIAAJ&q=Aysa+the+nominal+ Hoosta Calanka iyo Sheekooyinka Xeebaha Soomaaliyeed] [https://books.google.com/books?id=ItguAAAAYAAJ&dq=comalis+issas+tadjoura&pg=PA371 La gazette géographique iyo l'sahaminta] [https://books.google.com/books?id=p3N0DwAAQBAJ&dq=This+is+because+the+Issa+are+afraid+of+the+Nole&pg=PA112 Emirate, Masaarida, Xabashida: Waaya aragnimada Gumaysiga ee Qarnigii Sagaalaad ee Harar dabayaaqadii] [https://books.google.com/books?id=p3N0DwAAQBAJ&dq=This+is+because+the+Issa+are+afraid+of+the+Nole&pg=PA112 Emirate, Masaarida, Xabashida: Waaya aragnimada Gumaysiga ee Qarnigii Sagaalaad ee Harar dabayaaqadii] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/43131170 "Afars, Issas ... iyo Jabuutiyaanka: Xagga Taariikhda Madaahibta"] [http://www.unhcr.org/3d5d0f3a4.pdf Bulshada xoolo dhaqatada ah iyo qaxootiga ka gudba: dhaq-dhaqaaqa dadweynaha ee Somaliland iyo bariga Itoobiya 1988-2000. Arrimaha Cusub ee Cilmi-baarista Qaxootiga, Warqadda Shaqada ee No. 65] [http://tobiashagmann.freeflux.net/files/media/publications/non-refereed/hagmann_roape-2005.pdf Caqabadaha Maamul-daadejinta ee Gobolka Soomaalida Itoobiya] {{Wayback|url=http://tobiashagmann.freeflux.net/files/media/publications/non-refereed/hagmann_roape-2005.pdf |date=20140116114912 }} [https://books.google.com/books?id=XD9oFjvFurAC&q=issa+gurgura&pg=PA135 Awood Siyaasadeed iyo Federaal Qowmiyadeed: Halganka Dimuqraadiyadda ee Itoobiya] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/179798 "Qodobada Taariikhiga ah ee Abtirsiimada ee Qaabdhismeedka Bulsho ee Waqooyiga Soomaaliya", Joornaalka Taariikhda Afrika] [[doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201390|"Soo noqnoqoshada sare ee jiilka koromosoomyada Y oo lagu garto E3b1, DYS19-11, DYS392-12 ee ragga Soomaaliyeed"]] [http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTSOMALIA/Resources/conflictinsomalia.pdf Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics] {{Wayback|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTSOMALIA/Resources/conflictinsomalia.pdf |date=20200215085758 }} [http://www.asylumlaw.org/docs/somalia/ind01b_somalia_ca.pdf Unugga Macluumaadka iyo Siyaasadda Dalka, Xafiiska Arrimaha Gudaha, Ingiriiska, Qiimaynta Soomaaliya 2001, Lifaaqa B: Qaab-dhismeedka Qabiilka Soomaaliyeed] {{Wayback|url=http://www.asylumlaw.org/docs/somalia/ind01b_somalia_ca.pdf |date=20110716081350 }} http://www.undp.org/content/dam/kenya/docs/Amani%20Papers/AP_Volume1_n2_May2010.pdf ==Xiriirinta dibadda== King, Preston (1987). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ANEwAAAAMAAJ Jiilaal Afrikaan ah] r4hqscq2owned4addr194fx965e509n 0 5640 309008 307635 2026-09-22T19:50:53Z Soalt 39618 Category:Liberia 309008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republic of Liberia | common_name = Liberia | image_flag = Flag of Liberia.svg | image_coat = | symbol_type = Coat of arms | image_map = Location Liberia AU Africa.svg | map_caption = {{map caption|countryprefix=|location_color=dark blue|region=Africa|region_color=dark grey|subregion=the [[African Union]]|subregion_color=light blue}} | image_map2 = Liberia - Location Map (2013) - LBR - UNOCHA.svg | national_motto = "The Love of Liberty Brought Us Here" | national_anthem = ''[[All Hail, Liberia, Hail!]]''<br /><center>[[File:Liberia National Anthem.ogg]]</center> | official_languages = [[English language|English]] | languages_type = Spoken and national languages<ref>{{cite web |editor1-first=M. Paul |editor1-last=Lewis |editor2-first=Gary F. |editor2-last=Simons |editor3-first=Charles D. |editor3-last=Fennig |year=2015 |title=Liberia |website=[[Ethnologue]] |edition=18th |location=Dallas, Texas |publisher=SIL International |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/country/lr/languages}}</ref> | languages = {{hlist|[[Liberian English]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 20.3% [[Kpelle people|Kpelle]] | 13.4% [[Bassa people (Liberia)|Bassa]] | 10.0% [[Gio people|Gio]] | 8.0% [[Grebo people|Grebo]] | 7.9% [[Mano people|Mano]] | 6.0% [[Kru people|Kru]] | 5.1% [[Loma people|Lorma]] | 4.8% [[Kissi people|Kissi]] | 4.4% [[Gola people|Gola]] }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2008<ref name=CIA/> | religion = {{unbulleted list | 85.6% [[Christianity]] | 12.2% [[Islam]] | 2.2% others<ref name=CIA/> }} | demonym = Liberian | capital = [[Monrovia]] | coordinates = {{Coord|6|19|N|10|48|W|type:city}} | largest_city = Monrovia | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Presidential system|presidential]] [[republic|constitutional republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of Liberia|President]] | leader_name1 = [[George Weah]] | leader_title2 = [[Vice President of Liberia|Vice President]] | leader_name2 = [[Jewel Taylor]] | leader_title3 = [[House of Representatives (Liberia)|Speaker of the House]] | leader_name3 = Bhofal Chambers | leader_title4 = [[Chief Justice of Liberia|Chief Justice]] | leader_name4 = [[Francis Korkpor, Sr.]] | legislature = [[Legislature of Liberia]] | upper_house = [[Senate (Liberia)|Senate]] | lower_house = [[House of Representatives (Liberia)|House of Representatives]] | area_rank = 102nd <!-- Area rank should match List of countries and dependencies by area --> | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | area_km2 = 111,369 | area_sq_mi = 43,000 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 13.514 | population_estimate = 4,503,000<ref name=WorldBank>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/liberia |title=Liberia |work=The World Bank country page for Liberia |publisher=The World Bank |year=2015 |accessdate=September 4, 2014}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2015 | population_estimate_rank = 125th | population_census = 3,476,608 | population_census_year = 2008 | population_census_rank = 130th | population_density_km2 = 40.43 | population_density_sq_mi = 92.0 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = 180th | GDP_PPP_year = 2018 | GDP_PPP = $4.123 billion<ref name=IMF_GDP>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=98&pr.y=20&sy=2014&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=668&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Liberia |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $897<ref name=IMF_GDP/> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal_year = 2018 | GDP_nominal = $2.335 billion<ref name=IMF_GDP/> | GDP_nominal_rank = | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $475<ref name=IMF_GDP/> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | sovereignty_type = [[History of Liberia|Formation]] and [[Independence]] | established_event1 = Settlement by the [[American Colonization Society|{{nowrap|American Colonization}} Society]] | established_date1 = January 7, 1822 | established_event2 = [[Liberian Declaration of Independence]]<!--Note: Liberia was never colonized or claimed by the United States government. It was founded by the ACS (American Colonization Society), a private organization. Please do not change this field to include "from the United States" w/o first discussing it on the discussion page--> | established_date2 = July 26, 1847 | established_event3 = Annexation of [[Republic of Maryland]] | established_date3 = March 18, 1857 | established_event4 = Recognition by the United States | established_date4 = February 5, 1862 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Charter|Admitted to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = November 2, 1945 | established_event6 = [[Constitution of Liberia|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = January 6, 1986 | Gini_year = 2007 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini = 38.2 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref name=gini-index>{{cite web|title=GINI index|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?page=1|publisher=World Bank|accessdate= August 14, 2015}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = steady<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI = 0.427 <!--number only--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf|title=2016 Human Development Report|year=2016|accessdate=March 21, 2017|publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 177th | currency = [[Liberian dollar]] (LRD)<br>[[United States dollar]] (USD, ''de facto)'' | currency_code = | country_code = lr | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = +0 | time_zone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+231]] | cctld = [[.lr]] }} [[File:Flag_of_Liberia.svg|thumb|]] '''Liberia''' waa wadan ku yaalo galbeedka [[Afrika]], waxeena ka midtahay wadamada [[Mareykanka]] oo u isticmaali jiray dhinaca adoonsiga, wadankaan waxaa laga joojiyay adoonsinimada sanadka marka oo ahaa [[1822]], waxoona xornimada helay [[1847]]. Liberia waxee ka midtahay wadamada yurubiyanka soo gumeesanin. Wadankaan waxaa ka jiri jiray dagaal sokeeyay taariikhda marka ee eheed [[1980]]kii ilaa [[2003]]. Xayawaanka ku yaala xeebaha waxaa ka mid ah geedaha mangrove-dulqaad leh, oo inta badan dhul-daaqsimeeduna uu leeyahay dhul-beere ah oo u furan dhul-beereedka cawska. Cimiladu waa siman, oo leh roobab ballaaran xilliga roobabka bisha May-bisha 10aad iyo harmattan adag oo ah inta ka dhiman sanadka. Liberia waxay haysataa ku dhawaad ​​afartan boqolkiiba inta ka hartay roobabka Guinean ee soo hadhay. Waxay ahayd wax soo saarka muhiimka ah ee caag ah qarnigii 20-aad. Jamhuuriyada Liberia waxay bilowday inay dejiso qadarinta ururada American Colonization Society (ACS), oo aaminsan in dadka madowga ah ay wajihi doonaan fursadaha wanaagsan ee xorriyadda iyo barwaaqada Afrika marka loo eego Maraykanka. Waddanku waxay ku dhawaaqday xornimadeeda 26-kii July, 1847-kii. Maraykanku ma aqoonsan madax-bannaanida Liberia ilaa 5-ta February, 1862, intii lagu jiray dagaalkii sokeeye ee Mareykanka. Intii u dhaxaysay Janaayo 7, 1822, iyo Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Maraykanku, in ka badan 15,000 oo qof oo xor ah oo xor ah oo xor ah ayaa la kulmay xuduudaha sharci ee Maraykanka, iyo 3,198 Afro-Kariibiyiin ah oo lagu dejiyey degsiimada. Dadka degaanka madow waxay la wadaagaan dhaqankooda iyo dhaqankooda iyaga oo jooga Liberia. Dastuurka Liberian iyo calanka ayaa la mideeyay ka dib markii Maraykanku ahaa Bishii Janaayo 3, 1848, Joseph Jenkins Roberts, oo ah nin Maraykan ah oo Afrikaan ah oo lacag la'aan ah oo ka soo jeeda Virginia oo degenaa Liberia, ayaa loo doortay madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay ee Liberia markii ay dadku ku dhawaaqeen xorriyadda. [ 9] {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Afrika]] [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] [[Category:Liberia]] ===Sido kale fiiri== *[[Midowga Afrika]] =Tixraac= {{reflist}} 0to7d9wrk2ke64ug6zeukkvi1m57qvy 0 5691 309132 296203 2026-09-23T03:52:32Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309132 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|0|N|180|W|globe:Mars|display=title}} [[File:Schiaparelli Hemisphere Enhanced.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka meeraha Farraare]] [[File:Opportunity_Heat_Shield.jpg|thumb|right]] '''Farraare''' ({{lang-en|Mars}}; {{lang-ar|المريخ}}; astaan: [[file:mars symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♂]]) sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Mariikh''' iyo '''Meeraha guduudan''', waa [[meere]] ka mid ah meereyaasha [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]].<ref>"[[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]]"</ref> Magaca meeraha guduudan waxaa loogu bixiyay midabka uu leeyahay markii cirka laga fiiriyo oo ah midab casaan ah. Farraare wuxuu lee yahay jawi aad u khafiif ah oo badankiisu ka samaysan [[Kaarboon|Kaarboon-labo-ogsaydh]]. Wuxuu kaloo lee yahay in yar oo [[Nitrojiin]], [[curiye|Argon]] iyo [[Ogsajiin]].<ref>"[[Nitrojiin]], [[curiye|Argon]] iyo [[Ogsajiin]]."</ref> Farraare labadiisa [[cidhif]] ee qudbiga waxaa ku xargagsan [[Baraf|barafka]] (CO₂) iyo [[Biyo]]. Waxaa lagu wada in waa hore uu meerahan lahaan jiray biyo [[dareere]] ah.<ref>"biyo [[dareere]] ah"</ref> Kulsidka habeen iyo maalin u dhexeeya waa in ka badan 100&nbsp;°C. Farraare wuxuu lee yahay buurta ugu joogdheer buuraha [[meere|meerayaasha]] oo dhan, waa buur-burqaaneedda [[Olympus Mons]],<ref>"Buurta ugu dheer buuraha [[meere]] waa [[Olympus Mons]]"</ref> oo joogdhererkeedu yahay 25 km . Farraare wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa Farraare|labo dayax]] [[Phobos]] iyo [[Deimos]].<ref>"[[Dayaxa Farraare|labo dayax]] [[Phobos]] iyo [[Deimos]]."</ref> [[File:Sol454 Marte spirit.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.25|Oogada Farraare]] == Tilmaan == Meeraha [[Farraare]] (mars) waa kan afaraad ee qoraxda ugu dhow (masaafo [[dherer]] dhan 1.5 [[AU]]<ref>{{cite web |year=2004 |title=Modern Martian Marvels: Volcanoes? |author=David Noever |work=NASA Astrobiology Magazine |url=http://www.astrobio.net/news/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=1360&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0 |accessdate=2006-07-23 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2010-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100313020403/http://www.astrobio.net/news/modules.php?op=modload |dead-url=yes }}</ref> u jira qoraxda), isla mar ahaantaana waa mid waxyar ka yar dhulka ayadoo leh 0.107 muga dhulka. Cirkeedu wuxuu inta u badan ka kooban yahay [[Kaarbon|kaarbon labo ogsaydh]] iyo [[cadaadis]] dhan 6.1 millibars<ref>{{cite book|title= Encyclopaedia of the Solar System|editor=Lucy-Ann McFadden et al.|chapter=Mars Atmosphere: History and Surface Interactions|author=David C. Gatling, Conway Leovy|pages=301–314|year=2007}}</ref> taasi oo u dhiganta 0.6% cadaadiska dhulka.Foolkaano aad u badan ayaa ka dhaca oogada sare ee Farraare, [[caro|carada]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Mars: A Kid's Eye View|publisher=NASA|url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&Display=Kids|accessdate=2009-05-14|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2014-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020111930/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&Display=Kids|dead-url=yes}}</ref> meerahani waa mid cas sababtoo ah waxaa ku badan [[macdan]]ta [[Aayron|aayron ogsaydh]] aad u [[daxal]]eysatey. {{Multiple image|direction=vertical|align=right|image1=Phobos colour 2008.jpg|image2=Deimos-MRO.jpg|width=180|caption1=Dayaxa Phobos|caption2=Deimos waa Dayaxa labaad ee farraare}} == Dayaxyada == Meeraha Farraare wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa farraare|labo dayax]] oo dabiici ah, [[Deimos]] iyo [[Phobos]].<ref>{{cite web |year=2004 |title=A Survey for Outer Satellites of Mars: Limits to Completeness |author=Scott S. Sheppard, David Jewitt, and Jan Kleyna |work=[[Astronomical Journal]] |url=http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |accessdate=2006-12-26 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205126/http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Xogta Farraare== Gibilka [[hawo]] ee ku hareeraysani waa mid [[Fudayd|khafiif]] ah oo u badan [[kaarboon]] laba-oksaaydh (95%) iyo [[Nitrojiin|naaytrojiin]] (3%), cadaadiskiisuna ilaa 100 jeer ayaa uu ka hooseeyaa cadaadiska hawada dhulka. Sidaas awgeed waa ay adag tahay in lagu [[Neefsi|neefsado]]. Heerkulka meerahani waa uu hooseeyaa waxa uuna u dhexeeyaa -153^oC ilaa 20 ^oC.  Cadaadiska hawo ee hooseeya iyo heerkulkaas qaboowi waxa ay sababaan in aysan oogadiisu lahaanin biyo hoor ah. Biyuhu markiiba way berfayaan ama uumibaxayaan. Wareeggiisu aad ayaa uu ugu dhow yahay wareegga dhulka oo maalintiisu waa 24.6 saacad dhuleed, laakiin sannadkiisu waa uu dheeryahay oo waa 1.88 sannad dhuleed.<ref>http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/farraarre/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Fagaagbuldiyaha ''Curiosity'' == Fagaagbuldiyeyaal badan ayaa ku dagey oogada Farraarre waxayna soo direen [[Sawir|sawirro]] iyo xog [[saynis]] oo aad u badan. Sawirradaas waxaa ka muuqata in oogada Farraarre ay aad ugu egtahay degaannada [[Lamadegaanka Saxara|saxaraha]] ah. Taas ayaana sababtay in dedaal badan lagu bixiyo wax ka barashada meerahan. Waxaaba la qorshaynayaa in sannadka 2026 dad loo diro oo laga sameeyo meelo dadku degi karaan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/farraarre/ |access-date=2016-06-23 |archive-date=2016-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903020441/http://www.garanuug.com/abwaan/farraarre/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Mars Viking 11d128.png|thumb|Fagaagbuldiyaha oo sawirro qaadaya|right]] {{Multiple image|direction=horizontal|align=center|width=|image1=Mars, Earth size comparison.jpg|width1=175|caption1=Isbarbardhiga: [[Dhul]]ka iyo Farraare.|image2=Mars.ogv|width2=200|caption2=[[:File:Mars.ogv|Animation (00:40)]] Dhaqdhaqaaqa farraare.|image3=GMM-3 Mars Gravity.webm|width3=200|caption3=[[:File:GMM-3 Mars Gravity.webm|Video (01:28)]] ku tusaya sida sadexda orbit ee Nasa u maabeeyeen cuf is beerta jiidadka Farraare.}} ==Qoraalo La Mid ah== *[[Docay]] *[[Raage]] *[[Dusaa]] *[[Cirjeex]] *[[Uraano]] *[[Bluto]] *[[Waxaraxir]] *[[Meere]] *[[Dhul]] *[[Cir]] *[[Meere Dhagaxley]] *[[Dayax]] *[[Dayaxa meere]] *[[Qorax]] *[[Xidig]] *[[Meere]] *[[Dhul badhe]] *[[Cilmiga Xidigaha]] *[[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] *[[Qorax]] {{Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay}} ==Xigasho== {{Reflist}} {{Gumud}} [[Category:Dayaxa Meere]] [[Category:Cilmi Falag]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Cilmiga Xidigaha]] [[Category:Xiddigis]] [[Category:Cilmi Fallag]] [[Category:Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] [[Category:Meere]] [[Category:Koon]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Ilbaxnimo]] [[Category:Dhul]] [[Category:Juquraafi]] [[Category:Noole]] [[Category:Nolol]] 11i6253n2wstdzdaco89ylvq3hf6a43 0 5799 308996 307739 2026-09-22T19:13:38Z Soalt 39618 Category:Benin 308996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Benin | native_name = {{Native name|fr|République du Bénin}}<!--This parameter is only for official languages--> | common_name = Benin | image_flag = Flag of Benin.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Benin.svg | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File: Benin (orthographic projection with inset).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File: Location Benin AU Africa.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Africa|default=1}} | map_caption = | image_map2 = | national_motto = {{vunblist|{{Native name|fr|"Fraternité, Justice, Travail"|italics=off|nolink=yes}}}} | englishmotto = Fraternity, Justice, Labour | national_anthem = {{Native name|fr|[[L'Aube nouvelle]]|nolink=yes}}<br />"The New Dawn"<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:L'Aube Nouvelle.ogg]]</div> | official_languages = [[Faransiiska|Faransiis]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/benin/#people-and-society |title=Benin |access-date=7 July 2023 |archive-date=29 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229152613/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/benin/#people-and-society |url-status=dead }}</ref> | languages_type = [[Luuqad qaran|Luuqadaha qaranka]] | languages = {{collapsible list|bullets=y|title={{nobold|Liiska:}} | | [[Carabi]] | [[Ingiriisi]] | [[Aguna (luuqad)|Aguna]] | [[Adja (luuqad)|Aja]] | [[Alada (luuqad)|Alada]] | [[Fon (luuqad)|Fon]] | [[Gbe (luuqadaha)|Gbe]] | [[Gen (luuqad)|Gen]] | [[Gun (luuqad)|Gun]] | [[Pherá (luuqad)|Pherá]] | [[Phla (luuqad)|Phla]] | [[Tofin (luuqad)|Tofin]] | [[Tɔli (luuqad)|Tɔli]] | [[Waci (luuqad)|Waci]] | [[Berba (luuqad)|Berba]] | [[Kabiye (luuqad)|Kabye]] | [[Lama (luuqad)|Lama]] | [[Lukpa (luuqad)|Lukpa]] | [[Mbelime (luuqad)|Mbelime]] | [[Mossi (luuqad)|Mossi]] | [[Nateni (luuqad)|Nateni]] | [[Ngangam (luuqad)|Ngangam]] | [[Tammari (luuqad)|Tammari]] | [[Tem (luuqad)|Tem]] | [[Waama (luuqad)|Waama]] | [[Yom (luuqad)|Yom]] | [[Kwa (luuqadaha)|Kwa]] | [[Chakosi (luuqad)|Chakosi]] | [[Foodo (luuqad)|Foodo]] | [[Ede (luuqad)|Ede]] | [[Ifè (luuqad)|Ifè]] | [[Mokole (luuqad) (Benin)|Mokole]] | [[Yoruba (luuqad)|Yoruba]] | [[Yoruboid (luuqadaha)|Yoruboid]] | [[Bariba (luuqad)|Bariba]] | [[Dendi (luuqad)|Dendi]] | [[Fula (luuqad)|Fula]] | [[Hawsay|Hawsa]]}} | demonym = {{hlist|Beninese}} {{hlist|Beninoise}} | ethnic_groups = {{vunblist|38.4% [[Fon (dadka)|Fon]]|15.1% [[Adja (dadka)|Adja]] iyo [[Gen (luuqad)|Mina]]|12% [[Yoruba (dadka)|Yoruba]]|9.6% [[Bariba (dadka)|Bariba]]|8.6% [[Fula (dadka)|Fula]]|6.1% [[Tammari (dadka)|Ottamari]]|4.3% [[Yoa-Lokpa (dadka)|Yoa-Lokpa]]|2.9% [[Dendi (dadka)|Dendi]]|2.8% kale}} | ethnic_groups_year = 2013<ref name="insae-bj.org">{{cite web |title=PRINCIPAUX INDICATEURS SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIQUES ET ECONOMIQUES |url=https://www.insae-bj.org/images/docs/insae-statistiques/enquetes-recensements/RGPH/1.RGPH_4/Indicateurs-et-Projetcions/Principaux%20Indicateurs%20projections%20Preface%20RGPH4.pdf |website=www.insae-bj.org |publisher=INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA STATISTIQUE ET DE L'ANALYSE ECONOMIQUE |language=fr |access-date=14 December 2019 |archive-date=18 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918231011/https://www.insae-bj.org/images/docs/insae-statistiques/enquetes-recensements/RGPH/1.RGPH_4/Indicateurs-et-Projetcions/Principaux%20Indicateurs%20projections%20Preface%20RGPH4.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; | 52.2% [[Masiixiyadda ee Benin|Masiixiyad]] | 24.6% [[Islaam]] | 17.9% [[Diimaha Dhaqanka ee Afrika|diimaha dhaqanka]] | 5.2% [[Diin la'aan]] | 0.1% kale}} | religion_year = 2020 | religion_ref = <ref name="PEW-GRF">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/benin/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020 |title=Religions in Benin {{pipe}} PEW-GRF |access-date=17 April 2021 |archive-date=17 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154104/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/benin/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> | capital = [[Porto-Novo]] | largest_city = [[Cotonou]] | government_type = Jamhuuriyad [[Nidaamka madaxweynaha|madaxweyne]] oo midaysan | leader_title1 = [[Madaxweynaha Benin|Madaxweyne]] | leader_name1 = [[Romuald Wadagni]] | leader_title2 = [[Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka Benin|Madaxweyne ku-xigeen]] | leader_name2 = [[Mariam Chabi Talata]] | legislature = [[Golaha Shacabka (Benin)|Golaha Shacabka]] | sovereignty_type = Madaxbannaani | sovereignty_note = ka timid Faransiiska | established_event1 = [[Jamhuuriyadda Dahomey]] oo laga dhex aasasay [[Aasaska Faransiiska]] | established_date1 = 11 Diseembar 1958 | established_event2 = Madaxbannaani | established_date2 = 1 Agoosto 1960 | established_event3 = | established_date3 = | area_rank = 100aad | area_km2 = 114763 | area_sq_mi = | area_footnote = <ref name=AS2010>{{Cite report |date=2012 |title=Annuaire statistique 2010 |language=fr |url=http://www.insae-bj.org/annuare-statistique.html?file=files/publications/annuel/Annuaire%20statistique%20%20INSAE%202010.pdf |publisher=[[Institut national de la statistique et de l'analyse économique|INSAE]] |page=49 |access-date=17 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304091201/http://www.insae-bj.org/annuare-statistique.html?file=files%2Fpublications%2Fannuel%2FAnnuaire%20statistique%20%20INSAE%202010.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> | percent_water = 0.4% | population_estimate = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 13,754,688<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite CIA World Factbook |country=Benin |access-date=24 September 2022 |year=2022 }}</ref> | population_estimate_rank = 77aad | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_density_km2 = 94.8 | population_density_rank = 98aad | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $76.510 bilyan<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Benin) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en |access-date=14 February 2026 |archive-date=12 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012102316/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_rank = 137aad | GDP_PPP_year = 2026 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $4,980<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Benin) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en |access-date=14 February 2026 |archive-date=12 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012102316/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 163aad | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $27.450 bilyan<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Benin) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en |access-date=14 February 2026 |archive-date=12 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012102316/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_nominal_rank = 141aad | GDP_nominal_year = 2026 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $1,790<ref>{{cite web |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2025: Edition (Benin) |url=https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] October, 14 2025 |language=en |access-date=14 February 2026 |archive-date=12 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251012102316/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2025/10/14/world-economic-outlook-october-2025 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 163aad | Gini_year = 2021 | Gini_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini = 34.4 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?name_desc=false |title=World Bank Open Data |access-date=8 October 2024 |archive-date=26 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250826090816/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?name_desc=false |url-status=live }}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2023<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI = 0.515 <!--number only--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2025 |title=Human Development Report 2023/2024 |url=https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/specific-country-data#/countries/BEN |access-date=25 May 2025 |publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |language=en |archive-date=12 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812054834/https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/specific-country-data#/countries/BEN |url-status=live }}</ref> | HDI_rank = 173aad | currency = [[Frankiga CFA ee Galbeedka Afrika]] | currency_code = XOF | country_code = | time_zone = [[Wakhtiga Galbeedka Afrika|WAT]] | utc_offset = +1 | time_zone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+229]] | cctld = [[.bj]] | footnote_a = [[Cotonou]] waa xarunta dowladda. | today = }} '''Benin''',{{efn|{{IPAc-en|audio=En-Benin-pronunciation.ogg|b|ɛ|ˈ|n|iː|n}} {{respell|ben|EEN}}, {{IPAc-en|b|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|n}} {{respell|bin|EEN}};<ref>{{cite EPD|18 }}</ref> {{langx|fr|Bénin}} {{IPA|fr|benɛ̃||audio=Fr-Bénin.ogg}}}} si rasmi ahna loo guidhiyo '''Jamhuuriyadda Benin''',{{efn|{{langx|fr|République du Bénin}}}} oo markii hore loo yaqaanay '''Dahomey''',<ref name=nyt1975>{{Cite news |date=1 December 1975 |title=Dahomey Announces Its Name Will Be Benin |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/01/archives/dahomey-announces-its-name-will-be-benin.html |access-date=16 September 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=16 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916200353/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/01/archives/dahomey-announces-its-name-will-be-benin.html |url-status=live }}</ref> waa dal ku yaala [[Galbeedka Afrika]]. Benin waxay xuduud la leedahay [[Togo]] xagga galbeed, [[Nigeria]] xagga bari, [[Burkina Faso]] xagga waqooyi-galbeed, iyo [[Niger]] xagga waqooyi-bari. Inta badan dadkeedu waxay ku nool yihiin xeebta koonfureed ee [[Bight of Benin]], oo ka mid ah [[Gacanka Guinea]] ee qaybta ugu xigta waqooyiga kulaylaha ee [[Badweynta Atlaantik-ga]].<ref name="HughesHughes1992">{{cite book |last1=Hughes |first1=R. H. |last2=Hughes |first2=J. S. |title=A Directory of African Wetlands |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC |year=1992 |publisher=IUCN |isbn=978-2-88032-949-5 |page=301 |access-date=12 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508163425/https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Caasimaddu waa [[Porto-Novo]], [[xarunta dowladduna]] waxay ku taal [[Cotonou]], oo ah magaalada ugu dadka badan isla markaana ah caasimadda dhaqaalaha.<ref>{{multiref2|{{cite journal |last1=Dossou |first1=Krystel M.R. |last2=Gléhouenou-Dossou |first2=Bernadette |date=2007 |title=The vulnerability to climate change of Cotonou (Benin): the rise in sea level |journal=Environment and Urbanization |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=65–79 |doi=10.1177/0956247807077149 |bibcode=2007EnUrb..19...65D |doi-access=free}}|{{ cite journal |title=Mapping a slum: learning from participatory mapping and digital innovation in Cotonou (Benin) |article-number=894 |translator=Alvin Harberts |doi=10.4000/cybergeo.32949 |date=2019 |journal=Cybergeo |first1=Armelle |last1=Choplin |first2=Martin |last2=Lozivit |trans-title=Mettre un quartier sur la carte: Cartographie participative et innovation numérique à Cotonou (Bénin) |doi-access=free}} }}</ref> Benin waxay ku fadhidaa dhul baaxadiisu tahay {{cvt|112,622|km2}},<ref name="ReferenceA"/> dadkeedana sanadkii {{UN_Population|Year}} waxaa lagu qiyaasay qiyaastii {{million|{{UN_Population|Benin}}}}.{{UN_Population|ref}} Waa dal kulaylaho ah oo dhaqaalihiisu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay beeraha iyo dhoofinta [[saliidda timirta]] iyo [[suufka]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/isfp/country-information/benin/en/ |title=FAO Initiative on Soaring Food Prices |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024021730/http://www.fao.org/isfp/country-information/benin/en/ |archive-date=24 October 2012 |website=[[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]] |access-date=29 June 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Major Industries in Benin |url=https://www.ariseiip.com/homepage/major-industries-in-benin/ |access-date=23 June 2024 |website=Arise IIP }}</ref> Laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 17aad ilaa qarnigii 19aad, hay'adaha siyaasadeed ee aaggaas ka jiray waxaa ka mid ahaa [[Boqortooyada Dahomey]], magaalada-gobolka ah ee [[Porto-Novo#History|Porto Novo]], iyo dawlado kale oo dhanka waqooyi xigay. Faransiiska ayaa la wareegay dhulkaas sanadkii 1894, isagoo ku daray [[Galbeedka Afrika ee Faransiiska]] sidii [[Dahomey-da Faransiiska]]. Sanadkii 1960, Dahomey waxay xorriyad buuxda ka qaadatay Faransiiska. Maadaama ay tahay [[dawlad madaxbannaan]], Benin waxay soo martay [[dawlado dimuqraadi ah]], [[gaddoomo ciidan]], iyo [[dawlado ciidan]]. Dawlad isku sheegtay [[dawlad Marxist–Leninist ah]] oo loogu magac daray [[Jamhuuriyadda Shacabka ee Benin]] ayaa jirtay intii dhexaysay 1975 iyo 1990. Sanadkii 1991, waxaa lagu beddelay Jamhuuriyadda Benin ee [[Nidaamka xisbiyada badan]].<ref name="Ibp Usa p85">{{cite book |title=Global Logistics Assessments Reports Handbook |volume=1: Strategic Transportation and Customs Information for Selected Countries |publisher=International Business Publications USA |date=2008 |orig-date=2015 |isbn=978-0-7397-6603-3 |page=85 }}</ref> [[Luuqadda rasmiga ah]] ee Benin waa Faransiis, iyadoo sidoo kale loogu hadlo luuqadaha u dhashay dhulkaas sida [[Fon (luuqad)|Fon]], [[Bariba (luuqad)|Bariba]], [[Yoruba (luuqad)|Yoruba]] iyo [[Dendi (luuqad)|Dendi]]. Kooxda ugu weyn ee diimaha ee Benin, sidii ay u saadaalisay Pew Research Group ee sanadka 2020 iyadoo lagu salaynayo tirokoobkii 2010, waa [[Masiixiyadda]] (52.2%), waxana ku xiga [[Islaamka]] (24.6%) iyo [[diimaha dhaqanka ee Afrika]] (17.9%).<ref name="PEW-GRF"/> Benin waxay xubin ka tahay [[Qaramada Midoobay]], [[Midowga Afrika]], [[Aagga Dhaqaalaha ee Dawladaha Galbeedka Afrika]], [[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]], [[Aagga Nabadda iyo Iskaashiga ee Koonfurta Atlaantik-ga]], [[Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Francophonie|Francophonie]], [[Bulshada Dawladaha Sahel iyo Saxaraha]], [[Ururka Soo Saarayaasha Betroolka ee Afrika]] iyo [[Maamulka Dooxada Niger]]. ==Asalka magaca== Intii lagu guda jiray xukunkii gumeysiga Faransiiska iyo ka dib madaxbannaanidii 1 Agoosto 1960, dalka waxaa [[Beddelidda magacyada goobaha|loogu magac daray]] Dahomey, iyadoo loogu magac daray [[Boqortooyada Dahomey]]. 30 Nofeembar 1975, ka dib afgambi ciidan oo [[Marxist–Leninist]] ahaa (oona ahaa [[Afgambigii Dahomey ee 1972]]), dalka waxaa dib loogu magac daray Benin, iyadoo loogu magac daray [[Bight of Benin]], oo xuduud la leh dalka, maadaama magaca Dahomey uu si gaar ah ula xiriiray [[Fon (dadka)|Fon]] oo deganaa qaybta koonfureed ee dalka.<ref name=nyt1975/> Gacanka wuxuu magaciisa ka qaatay [[Boqortooyada Benin]], oo ku taal dalka hadda loo yaqaan [[Nigeria]]. ==Tixraacyo== {{Reflist}} {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Benin]] [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] lpdcdexhk4lodcxe37q3r6bgo63zkjf 0 5847 309003 307748 2026-09-22T19:46:23Z Soalt 39618 Soalt la wareejiyay bogga [[Guinea]] ilaa [[Giinya]]: higgaad 307748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = | common_name = Guinea | native_name = Jamhuuriyada Giinya [[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]<br />République de Guinée [[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]] | image_flag = Flag of Guinea.svg | image_coat =Coat of Arms of Guinea.svg | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Travail, Justice, Solidarité"|italics=off}}<br/>{{small|"Work, Justice, Solidarity"}} | national_anthem = {{native name|fr|[[Liberté (anthem)|Liberté]]}}<br/>{{small|''Freedom''}}<br/><center>[[File:Liberté.oga]]</center> | image_map = Location Guinea AU Africa.svg | map_caption = {{map caption|countryprefix=|location_color=dark blue|region=Africa|region_color=dark grey|subregion=the [[African Union]]|subregion_color=light blue}} | image_map2 = Guinea - Location Map (2013) - GIN - UNOCHA.svg | capital = [[Conakry]] | coordinates = {{Coord|9|31|N|13|42|W|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | official_languages = [[French language|French]] | languages_type = [[Vernacular language|Vernacular<br/>language]]s | languages = {{unbulleted list | [[Fula language|Fula]] | [[Mandinka language|Mandinka]] | |[[Susu language|Susu]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 32.1% [[Fula people|Fula]] | 29.8% [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]] | 19.8% [[Susu people|Susu]] | 4.7% [[Kissi people|Kissi]] | 6.2% [[Kpelle people|Kpelle]] | 7.4% others<ref>"The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency - CIA"</ref> }} | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = Guinean | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential republic]] | leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Guinea|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Mamady Doumbouya]] | leader_title2 = [[List of heads of government of Guinea|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = Amadou Oury Bah | legislature = [[National Assembly (Guinea)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] | established_event1 = from [[France]] | established_date1 = 2 October 1958 | area_km2 = 245,836 | area_rank = 77th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]--> | area_sq_mi = 94,926 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = negligible | population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Guinea}}{{UN_Population|ref}} | population_census = 11,628,972 | population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}} | population_estimate_rank = 81st | population_census_year = 2014 | population_density_km2 = 40.9 | population_density_sq_mi = 106.1 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP = $26.451&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=20&pr.y=6&sy=2015&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=656&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Guinea |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=18 April 2012}}</ref> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,039<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_nominal = $9.183&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $707<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | Gini = 70.3 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 1994 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = |Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.414 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = steady<!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI_ref =<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf|title=2016 Human Development Report|year=2016|accessdate=21 March 2017|publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 183th | currency = [[Guinean franc]] | currency_code = GNF | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = +0 | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+224]] | cctld = [[.gn]] | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | population_density_rank = 164th | country_code = }} {{Coord|7|32|17|N|8|29|50|W|region:GN_type:landmark|display=title}} [[File:Flag_of_Guinea.svg|thumb|]] '''Guinea''' waa wadan ku yaalo [[Galbeed]]ka [[Afrika]]. Wadankaan waxoo xuduud la leeyahay wadamada [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Maali]], [[Sinigaal]], [[Xeebta Foolmaroodi]], [[Sierra Leone]] iyo [[Liberia]]. Caasimada waxaa la dhahaa [[Konakri]]. Guinea (/ ɡɪni / (Ku dhawaad ​​codka maqalka)), si rasmi ah Jamhuuriyadda Guinea (Faransiiska: République de Guinée), waa waddanka xeebta galbeed ee Afrika. Dalka Guinea waxaa lagu magacaabaa Guinea-Conakry, oo loo yaqaan 'Guinea' oo magaciisa la yiraahdo Guinea-Bissau iyo Equatorial Guinea. Guinea waxay leedahay qiyaastii 12.4 milyan iyo aag 245,860 kilomitir square ah (94,927 sq mi). Guinea waa jamiir. Madaxweynuhu si toos ah ayuu u doortaa dadka, waana madaxa dawladda iyo madaxa dawladda. Golaha Qaranka ee Guinea ayaa ah hay'adda sharci-dejinta ee dalka, xubnaha xubnahana waxaa sidoo kale si toos ah loogu soo doortaa dadka. Waaxda garsoorka waxaa hoggaaminaya Maxkamadda Sare ee Guinea, maxkamadda ugu sareysa iyo kan ugu dambeeya ee rafcaanka dalka. Dalka waxaa loo magacaabay gobolka Geeska Afrika. Guinea waa magac dhaqameed ee gobolka Afrika ee ku yaal Gacanka Guinea. Waxay u fidisaa waqooyiga iyada oo loo marayo gobollada gawaarida gawaarida uurka leh waxayna ku dhammaanayaan Sahel. Giriigga Guinea wuxuu si toos ah uga yimid erayga Portugal ee Guiné, kaasoo ka soo baxay qarnigii 15-aad ee ku saabsanaa dhulalka ku yaal Guineus, oo ah erey guud oo loogu talagalay dadka madowga ah ee Afrika ee ka hooseeya webiga Senegal, marka laga reebo 'tawny' Zenaga Berbers, oo ka sarreeya, oo loo yaqaan Azenegues ama Moors. == Galerie == <gallery> File:Guinea_sat.png|atlas Guinea File:Dame_de_Mali_Guinée.jpg|[[:en:fr:Mont Loura|Dame de Mali]] File:Chute_de_Tabouna_à_Kindia_01.jpg|[[:en:fr:Chute de Tabouna|Chute de Tabouna]] à [[:en:fr:Kindia|Kindia]] File:Chute_de_Saala_vue_à_360°_Labé.jpg|[[:en:fr:Chute de Saala|Chute de Saala]] [[:en:fr:Labé|Labé]] File:Chimpanzé_de_Bossou_33.jpg|Chimpanzé de Bossou File:Plage_de_Roume.jpg|Plage sur les [[:en:fr:Îles de Loos|Ile de Loos]] </gallery> =Sido kale fiiri= *[[Midowga Afrika]] =Tixraac= {{reflist}} {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] hqbs792o18mvuxvyylif4i1yxhf1087 309006 309003 2026-09-22T19:48:15Z Soalt 39618 Category:Giinya 309006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = | common_name = Guinea | native_name = Jamhuuriyada Giinya [[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]<br />République de Guinée [[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]] | image_flag = Flag of Guinea.svg | image_coat =Coat of Arms of Guinea.svg | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Travail, Justice, Solidarité"|italics=off}}<br/>{{small|"Work, Justice, Solidarity"}} | national_anthem = {{native name|fr|[[Liberté (anthem)|Liberté]]}}<br/>{{small|''Freedom''}}<br/><center>[[File:Liberté.oga]]</center> | image_map = Location Guinea AU Africa.svg | map_caption = {{map caption|countryprefix=|location_color=dark blue|region=Africa|region_color=dark grey|subregion=the [[African Union]]|subregion_color=light blue}} | image_map2 = Guinea - Location Map (2013) - GIN - UNOCHA.svg | capital = [[Conakry]] | coordinates = {{Coord|9|31|N|13|42|W|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | official_languages = [[French language|French]] | languages_type = [[Vernacular language|Vernacular<br/>language]]s | languages = {{unbulleted list | [[Fula language|Fula]] | [[Mandinka language|Mandinka]] | |[[Susu language|Susu]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 32.1% [[Fula people|Fula]] | 29.8% [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]] | 19.8% [[Susu people|Susu]] | 4.7% [[Kissi people|Kissi]] | 6.2% [[Kpelle people|Kpelle]] | 7.4% others<ref>"The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency - CIA"</ref> }} | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = Guinean | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential republic]] | leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Guinea|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Mamady Doumbouya]] | leader_title2 = [[List of heads of government of Guinea|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = Amadou Oury Bah | legislature = [[National Assembly (Guinea)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] | established_event1 = from [[France]] | established_date1 = 2 October 1958 | area_km2 = 245,836 | area_rank = 77th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]--> | area_sq_mi = 94,926 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = negligible | population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Guinea}}{{UN_Population|ref}} | population_census = 11,628,972 | population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}} | population_estimate_rank = 81st | population_census_year = 2014 | population_density_km2 = 40.9 | population_density_sq_mi = 106.1 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP = $26.451&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=20&pr.y=6&sy=2015&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=656&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Guinea |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=18 April 2012}}</ref> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,039<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_nominal = $9.183&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $707<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | Gini = 70.3 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 1994 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = |Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.414 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = steady<!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI_ref =<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf|title=2016 Human Development Report|year=2016|accessdate=21 March 2017|publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 183th | currency = [[Guinean franc]] | currency_code = GNF | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = +0 | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+224]] | cctld = [[.gn]] | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | population_density_rank = 164th | country_code = }} {{Coord|7|32|17|N|8|29|50|W|region:GN_type:landmark|display=title}} [[File:Flag_of_Guinea.svg|thumb|]] '''Guinea''' waa wadan ku yaalo [[Galbeed]]ka [[Afrika]]. Wadankaan waxoo xuduud la leeyahay wadamada [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Maali]], [[Sinigaal]], [[Xeebta Foolmaroodi]], [[Sierra Leone]] iyo [[Liberia]]. Caasimada waxaa la dhahaa [[Konakri]]. Guinea (/ ɡɪni / (Ku dhawaad ​​codka maqalka)), si rasmi ah Jamhuuriyadda Guinea (Faransiiska: République de Guinée), waa waddanka xeebta galbeed ee Afrika. Dalka Guinea waxaa lagu magacaabaa Guinea-Conakry, oo loo yaqaan 'Guinea' oo magaciisa la yiraahdo Guinea-Bissau iyo Equatorial Guinea. Guinea waxay leedahay qiyaastii 12.4 milyan iyo aag 245,860 kilomitir square ah (94,927 sq mi). Guinea waa jamiir. Madaxweynuhu si toos ah ayuu u doortaa dadka, waana madaxa dawladda iyo madaxa dawladda. Golaha Qaranka ee Guinea ayaa ah hay'adda sharci-dejinta ee dalka, xubnaha xubnahana waxaa sidoo kale si toos ah loogu soo doortaa dadka. Waaxda garsoorka waxaa hoggaaminaya Maxkamadda Sare ee Guinea, maxkamadda ugu sareysa iyo kan ugu dambeeya ee rafcaanka dalka. Dalka waxaa loo magacaabay gobolka Geeska Afrika. Guinea waa magac dhaqameed ee gobolka Afrika ee ku yaal Gacanka Guinea. Waxay u fidisaa waqooyiga iyada oo loo marayo gobollada gawaarida gawaarida uurka leh waxayna ku dhammaanayaan Sahel. Giriigga Guinea wuxuu si toos ah uga yimid erayga Portugal ee Guiné, kaasoo ka soo baxay qarnigii 15-aad ee ku saabsanaa dhulalka ku yaal Guineus, oo ah erey guud oo loogu talagalay dadka madowga ah ee Afrika ee ka hooseeya webiga Senegal, marka laga reebo 'tawny' Zenaga Berbers, oo ka sarreeya, oo loo yaqaan Azenegues ama Moors. == Galerie == <gallery> File:Guinea_sat.png|atlas Guinea File:Dame_de_Mali_Guinée.jpg|[[:en:fr:Mont Loura|Dame de Mali]] File:Chute_de_Tabouna_à_Kindia_01.jpg|[[:en:fr:Chute de Tabouna|Chute de Tabouna]] à [[:en:fr:Kindia|Kindia]] File:Chute_de_Saala_vue_à_360°_Labé.jpg|[[:en:fr:Chute de Saala|Chute de Saala]] [[:en:fr:Labé|Labé]] File:Chimpanzé_de_Bossou_33.jpg|Chimpanzé de Bossou File:Plage_de_Roume.jpg|Plage sur les [[:en:fr:Îles de Loos|Ile de Loos]] </gallery> =Sido kale fiiri= *[[Midowga Afrika]] =Tixraac= {{reflist}} {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] [[Category:Giinya]] 6wvcm8kt4z8n3wy65kiidlohcldyiz9 309013 309006 2026-09-22T20:10:38Z Soalt 39618 higgaadda giinya 309013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = | common_name = Guinea | native_name = Jamhuuriyada Giinya [[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]<br />République de Guinée [[Af-Faransiis|Faransiis]] | image_flag = Flag of Guinea.svg | image_coat =Coat of Arms of Guinea.svg | national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Travail, Justice, Solidarité"|italics=off}}<br/>{{small|"Work, Justice, Solidarity"}} | national_anthem = {{native name|fr|[[Liberté (anthem)|Liberté]]}}<br/>{{small|''Freedom''}}<br/><center>[[File:Liberté.oga]]</center> | image_map = Location Guinea AU Africa.svg | map_caption = {{map caption|countryprefix=|location_color=dark blue|region=Africa|region_color=dark grey|subregion=the [[African Union]]|subregion_color=light blue}} | image_map2 = Guinea - Location Map (2013) - GIN - UNOCHA.svg | capital = [[Conakry]] | coordinates = {{Coord|9|31|N|13|42|W|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | official_languages = [[French language|French]] | languages_type = [[Vernacular language|Vernacular<br/>language]]s | languages = {{unbulleted list | [[Fula language|Fula]] | [[Mandinka language|Mandinka]] | |[[Susu language|Susu]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 32.1% [[Fula people|Fula]] | 29.8% [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]] | 19.8% [[Susu people|Susu]] | 4.7% [[Kissi people|Kissi]] | 6.2% [[Kpelle people|Kpelle]] | 7.4% others<ref>"The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency - CIA"</ref> }} | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = Guinean | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[presidential republic]] | leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Guinea|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Mamady Doumbouya]] | leader_title2 = [[List of heads of government of Guinea|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = Amadou Oury Bah | legislature = [[National Assembly (Guinea)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] | established_event1 = from [[France]] | established_date1 = 2 October 1958 | area_km2 = 245,836 | area_rank = 77th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]--> | area_sq_mi = 94,926 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | percent_water = negligible | population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Guinea}}{{UN_Population|ref}} | population_census = 11,628,972 | population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}} | population_estimate_rank = 81st | population_census_year = 2014 | population_density_km2 = 40.9 | population_density_sq_mi = 106.1 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | GDP_PPP = $26.451&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=20&pr.y=6&sy=2015&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=656&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Guinea |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=18 April 2012}}</ref> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,039<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_nominal = $9.183&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $707<ref name=imf2/> <!--Do not edit!--> | Gini = 70.3 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 1994 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = |Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.414 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = steady<!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI_ref =<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf|title=2016 Human Development Report|year=2016|accessdate=21 March 2017|publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 183th | currency = [[Guinean franc]] | currency_code = GNF | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = +0 | utc_offset_DST = | time_zone_DST = | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[+224]] | cctld = [[.gn]] | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | population_density_rank = 164th | country_code = }} {{Coord|7|32|17|N|8|29|50|W|region:GN_type:landmark|display=title}} [[File:Flag_of_Guinea.svg|thumb|]] '''Giinya''' waa wadan ku yaalo [[Galbeed]]ka [[Afrika]]. Wadankaan waxoo xuduud la leeyahay wadamada [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Maali]], [[Sinigaal]], [[Xeebta Foolmaroodi]], [[Sierra Leone]] iyo [[Liberia]]. Caasimada waxaa la dhahaa [[Konakri]]. Giinya, si rasmi ah Jamhuuriyadda Giinya (Faransiiska: République de Guinée), waa waddanka xeebta galbeed ee Afrika. Dalka Giinya waxaa lagu magacaabaa Giinya-Konakri. Waxaa kala jiro [[Giinya-Bisaw]] iyo [[Giinyada Dhulbareed]]. Giinya waxay leedahay qiyaastii 12.4 milyan iyo aag 245,860 kilomitir square ah (94,927 sq mi). Giinya waa jamiir. Madaxweynuhu si toos ah ayuu u doortaa dadka, waana madaxa dawladda iyo madaxa dawladda. Golaha Qaranka ee Giinya ayaa ah hay'adda sharci-dejinta ee dalka, xubnaha xubnahana waxaa sidoo kale si toos ah loogu soo doortaa dadka. Waaxda garsoorka waxaa hoggaaminaya Maxkamadda Sare ee Giinya, maxkamadda ugu sareysa iyo kan ugu dambeeya ee rafcaanka dalka. =Magacaabin= Dalka waxaa loo magacaabay gobolka Geeska Afrika. Giinya waa magac dhaqameed ee gobolka Afrika ee ku yaal Gacanka Guinea. Waxay u fidisaa waqooyiga iyada oo loo marayo gobollada gawaarida gawaarida uurka leh waxayna ku dhammaanayaan Sahel. Giriigga Guinea wuxuu si toos ah uga yimid erayga Portugal ee Guiné, kaasoo ka soo baxay qarnigii 15-aad ee ku saabsanaa dhulalka ku yaal Guineus, oo ah erey guud oo loogu talagalay dadka madowga ah ee Afrika ee ka hooseeya webiga Senegal, marka laga reebo 'tawny' Zenaga Berbers, oo ka sarreeya, oo loo yaqaan Azenegues ama Moors. == Galerie == <gallery> File:Guinea_sat.png|atlas Guinea File:Dame_de_Mali_Guinée.jpg|[[:en:fr:Mont Loura|Dame de Mali]] File:Chute_de_Tabouna_à_Kindia_01.jpg|[[:en:fr:Chute de Tabouna|Chute de Tabouna]] à [[:en:fr:Kindia|Kindia]] File:Chute_de_Saala_vue_à_360°_Labé.jpg|[[:en:fr:Chute de Saala|Chute de Saala]] [[:en:fr:Labé|Labé]] File:Chimpanzé_de_Bossou_33.jpg|Chimpanzé de Bossou File:Plage_de_Roume.jpg|Plage sur les [[:en:fr:Îles de Loos|Ile de Loos]] </gallery> =Sido kale fiiri= *[[Midowga Afrika]] =Tixraac= {{reflist}} {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] [[Category:Giinya]] a5wbkpmnw05fjxgfmjrteuj6cwvdozu 10 5881 309002 307733 2026-09-22T19:44:33Z Soalt 39618 higgaadda Bangaladhesh 309002 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Dalalka Aasiya | state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} | title = Dalalka [[Aasiya]] | imagestyle = padding: 0 0.5em; | image = [[File:Asia (orthographic projection).svg|100px]] | listclass = hlist | group1 = Dowladaha Madaxa Banaan | list1 = * [[Armiiniya]] * [[Aserbiijaan]] * [[Afqaanistan]] * [[Aw-badeedka Qabrus]] * [[Bakistaan]] * [[Bangaladhesh]] * [[Baxrayn]] * [[Burma]] * [[Butaan]] * [[Brunei]] * [[Ciraaq]] * [[Cumaan]] * [[Falastiin]] * [[Filibiin]] * [[Fiyetnam]] * [[Hindiya]] * [[Imaaraatka Carabta]] * [[Iiraan]] * [[Indunisiya]] * [[Jabaan]] * [[Jasiirada Maldiif]] * [[Joorjiya (wadan)]] * [[Kambodiya]] * [[Kasakhstan]] * [[Kirgistan]] * [[Koonfur Kuuriya]] * [[Kuwayt]] * [[Laos]] * [[Lubnaan]] * [[Malaysiya]] * [[Mongolia]] * [[Nebal]] * [[Qatar]] * [[Ruushka]] * [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] * [[Shiinaha]] * [[Singabuur]] * [[Siri Lanka]] * [[Suuriya]] * [[Tajikistan]] * [[Tayland]] * [[Turkey]] * [[Turkmenistan]] * [[Urdun]] * [[Usbekistan]] * [[Waqooyiga Kuuriya]] * [[Yemen]] * [[Taiwan]] | group2 = Dowladaha leh aqoonsi kooban | list2 = * [[Abkhazia]] * [[Nagorno-Karabakh Republic|Nagorno-Karabakh]] * [[Northern Cyprus]] * [[South Ossetia]] | group3 = {{longitem|ku tiirsanaanta{{nobold| iyo}} <br/> gobollada maamulka gaarka ah}} | list3 = {{Navbox |child |groupstyle=font-weight:normal; | group1 = Australia | list1 = * [[Jasiirada Khristmas]] * [[Jasiiradaha Cocos (Keeling)]] | group2 = Shiinaha | list2 = * [[Hong Kong]] * [[Makaw]] | group3 = Midowga boqortooyada Britan iyo woqooyiga Ireland | list3 = * [[Akrotiri and Dhekelia]] * [[Dhulka ingiriiska ee badweynta hindiya]] }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- Please add metadata to the <includeonly> section at the bottom of the /doc subpage --> </noinclude> kdyhj3rcun8s00m3eqvxnbatxm7nr1b 0 7334 309109 304935 2026-09-23T00:05:15Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309109 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}} {{Infobox musical artist | name = Aar Maanta | image = 58634321 aar.jpg | alt = | caption = | image_size = | birth_date = | death_date = | origin = | instrument = Hlist|[[codka]]|[[keyboard]]|[[kaban]] | genre = [[Muusiga Soomaaliyeed]] | occupation = Hlist|[[fanaan]]|[[heesaa-qore]]|[[jilaa]]|[[curiye]]|[[muusig sameeye]]|[[soosaaraha muusiga]] | years_active = 2004–hada | label = Maanta Music | associated_acts = }} '''Xasan-Nuur Sayid''' ({{langx|so|Xasan-Nuur Sayid}}, oo si faneed loogu yaqaan '''Aar Maanta'''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://horseedmedia.net/2015/03/02/fanaanka-aar-maanta-oo-kaamara-qarsoon-lagu-helay-pranked/ |title=Fanaanka Aar Maanta oo kaamara qarsoon lagu helay [Pranked] |publisher=Horseedmedia.net |accessdate=2015-05-31 |archive-date=30 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530044510/http://horseedmedia.net/2015/03/02/fanaanka-aar-maanta-oo-kaamara-qarsoon-lagu-helay-pranked/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>) waa [[Soomaali]]–[[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska|Britiish]] fanaan, heesaa-qore, jilaa, curiye, muusig sameeye iyo soo-saaraha muusiga. ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Aar Maanta wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada [[Jigjiga]], caasimadda [[Deegaanka Soomaalida]] ee [[Itoobiya]].<ref name="Datsmr">{{cite news|title=Dhaanto and the Somali Music Revival|url=http://addisrumble.com/?p=3925|accessdate=26 March 2014|newspaper=Addis Rumble|date=19 February 2014|archive-date=16 Bisha Saddexaad 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316220923/http://addisrumble.com/?p=3925|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wuxuu u guuray [[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]] dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii, xilligii uu qarxayay [[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya]].<ref name="Sfsftd">{{cite news|title=Singing for Somalia from the diaspora|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22427833|accessdate=11 May 2013|publisher=BBC|date=6 May 2013}}</ref> Carruurnimo kaligii ah ayuu Ingiriiska ku soo galay, halkaas oo uu muusigga u noqday garab iyo raaxo. Wuxuu baranayay noocyo badan oo muusig ah sida pop, rock, [[hip hop]], [[R&B]] iyo [[house music]]. Wuxuu ku bilaabay barashada muusiga dugsiga iyo jaamacadda, balse qoyskiisu ma taageerin sababo diimeed awgood. Sidaas darteed wuxuu dhammeystay shahaado saynis ah, kadibna ugu dambeyntii ku laabtay heesaha.<ref name="Amiwapw">{{cite news|title=Aar Maanta Interview with Afro Pop Worldwide|url=http://www.aarmaanta.com/?p=268|accessdate=8 April 2013|newspaper=Afro Pop|date=1 May 2009}}</ref> ==Shaqo faneed== Aar Maanta wuxuu isku daraa muusig casri ah iyo [[muusiga Soomaaliyeed]], gaar ahaan nooca ''Qaraami'' oo lagu kabanayo. Isagoo ka hadlaya, wuxuu sheegay in muusiga Soomaaliyeed uu xiriir badan la leeyahay muusiga Waqooyiga Afrika, isla markaana uu ka faa’iido codadka Carabta iyo Hindiya. Muusigiisa waxaa lagu tilmaamaa ''afro-hop''.<ref name="Minnesota Public Radio">{{cite web |url=http://www.mprnews.org/story/2015/04/10/aar-maanta/ |title=Aar Maanta is the voice of a new Somali generation |publisher=Minnesota Public Radio |date=10 April 2015 |website=MPR News |access-date=5 August 2015}}</ref> Sanadkii 2006 ayuu markii ugu horreysay si weyn uga heesay [[Rise Festival|Rise: London United]], oo ahayd bandhigga dhaqamada kala duwan ee ugu weyn UK. Halkaas ayuu la qayb galay [[Graham Coxon]], [[The Buzzcocks]] iyo fannaaniin kale.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/africabeyond/africaonyourstreet/features/17806.shtml|title=The African Village at the Rise festival 2006|date=July 2007|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=25 December 2009|archive-date=31 Bisha Tobnaad 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031005957/http://www.bbc.co.uk/africabeyond/africaonyourstreet/features/17806.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> Waxaa kaloo uu la shaqeeyay fanaaniin ay ka mid yihiin Abdelkader Saadoun (Aljeeriya), kooxda UK hip hop [[Choong Family]], iyo fannaaniin Soomaaliyeed sida [[Maryam Mursal]] iyo [[Hudeydi|Axmed “Hudeydi” Ismaaciil Xuseen]].<ref name="Amiwapw"/> 2008 ayuu sii daayay albamkiisii ugu horreeyay ''Hiddo & Dhaqan''. Albamkaas wuxuu ku soo bandhigay heeso cusub oo uu isagu curiyay.<ref>{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=r1482766|pure_url=yes}}|title=Overview ''Hiddo & Dhaqan''|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=25 December 2009}}</ref> Wuxuu sameeyay koox heesaha toos uga ciyaarta, taas oo noqotay tii ugu horreysay ee Soomaali ah oo Yurub ka dhisan. Star Africa Radio waxay ku tilmaantay 2010 inuu yahay “qaabeeye dhaqan Soomaaliyeed oo London jooga”.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thecedar.org/artists/aar-maanta/ |title=Aar Maanta |publisher=Cedar Cultural Center |website=The Cedar |access-date=5 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918190031/http://www.thecedar.org/artists/aar-maanta |archive-date=18 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> 2014 ayuu soo saaray EP-gii labaad ee ''Somali Songs from the Diaspora''.<ref name="Amssftd">{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/somali-songs-from-the-diaspora-ep/829598915|title=Somali Songs from the Diaspora – EP – Aar Maanta|publisher=iTunes|date=2014-02-28|access-date=2014-03-12}}</ref> ==Abaalmarinno== *2012 – Abaalmarinta Fannaaniinta Soomaaliyeed, Minneapolis – Fiidiyowga ugu fiican. ==Discography== *''Hiddo & Dhaqan'' (2008, Maanta Music)<ref>{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p1115699|pure_url=yes}}|title=Discography—Aar Maanta|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=25 December 2009}}</ref> *''Somali Songs from the Diaspora'' (2014, Maanta Music)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/somali-songs-from-the-diaspora-ep/829598915 |title=Somali Songs from the Diaspora – EP Aar Maanta |publisher=iTunes |date=2014-02-28 |access-date=2014-03-12}}</ref> ==Xigashooyin== {{reflist}} oc5m0ks2jqdz1h7mz6fnuh1l8wcw2zr 0 9319 309233 302914 2026-09-23T09:31:36Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Taylor Swift|relatives={{plainlist| * [[Austin Swift]] * [[Marjorie Finlay]] }}|module=|website={{URL|taylorswift.com}}|awards=|years_active=2004–hada|other_names=Nils Sjöberg<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Gil|last=Kaufman|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/dance/7438158/taylor-swift-calvin-harris-co-wrote-this-is-what-you-came-for-pseudonym|title=Taylor Swift Co-Wrote Calvin Harris' 'This Is What You Came For' Under Swedish Pseudonym|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=July 13, 2016|access-date=May 25, 2020}}</ref>|occupation={{Hlist|Fannan|atariisho|}}|partner=[[Joe Alwyn]] (2016–2023)|image=Taylor Swift at the 2024 Golden Globes (1).png|birth_place=[[West Reading, Pennsylvania]], U.S.|works=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1989|12|13}}|birth_name=Taylor Alison Swift|caption=Swift ee 2024|alt=|signature=File:Taylor Swift signature.svg}} '''Taylor Alison Swift''' (Diseembar 13, 1989) waa fannaanad iyo qoora heeseed [[Gobolada Isku Tegay ee Ameerika|Mareykan]] ah. Waxay caan ku tahay heesaha sheekooyinka ee ku saabsan nolosheeda shaqsiyadeed. Waxay ku dhashay [[West Reading, Pennsylvania]], Swift waxay u guurtay [[Nashville, Tennessee]], iyadoo 14 jir ah si uu u sii wato xirfadda [[muusiga country]]. Waxay heshiis qoraal ah la saxeexatay [[Sony Music Publishing|Sony/ATV Music Publishing]] 2004tii iyo heshiis duubis ah oo ay la gashay [[Big Machine Records]] ee 2005, waxayna sii daysay [[Taylor Swift (album)|albamkeedii ugu horeeyay ee istuudiyaha]] 2006. Waxay iibisay in ka badan 200 milyan oo rikoodhada adduunka oo dhan, Swift waa mid ka mid ah fannaaniinta ugu iibinta wanaagsan waqtiga oo dhan. Waxaa loo magacaabay Haweeneyda Tobankii Sano ee 2010-kii ee ''[[Billboard]]'' iyo Farshaxanadii Tobankii Sano ee lasoo dhaafay Abaalmarinnada Muusigga Mareykanka, Swift waxaa loo aqoonsaday shaqadeeda saameynta leh iyo sidoo kale u doodista xuquuqda fannaaniinta iyo xoojinta haweenka ee warshadaha muusiga. == Sawirka dadweynaha == Swift waxay noqotay [[idol da'yar]] markii ay ka doodeysay,<ref>{{Cite news|last=NPR Staff|date=November 2, 2012|title=Taylor Swift: 'My Confidence Is Easy To Shake'|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/2012/11/03/164186569/taylor-swift-my-confidence-is-easy-to-shake|access-date=May 20, 2021}}{{Cite news|last=Thanki|first=Juli|date=September 24, 2015|title=Taylor Swift: Teen idol to 'biggest pop artist in the world'|work=[[The Tennessean]]|publisher=[[USA Today Network]]|department=Entertainment|url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/music/2015/09/24/taylor-swift-teen-idol-biggest-pop-artist-world/72744548/|access-date=May 13, 2021}}{{Cite news|last=Yahr|first=Emily|date=June 16, 2016|title=Taylor Swift's first song came out 10 years ago. Here's what she was like as a teen songwriter.|newspaper=The Washington Post|department=Arts and Entertainment|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2016/06/16/taylor-swifts-first-song-came-out-10-years-ago-heres-what-she-was-like-as-a-teen-songwriter/|access-date=May 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513182351/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2016/06/16/taylor-swifts-first-song-came-out-10-years-ago-heres-what-she-was-like-as-a-teen-songwriter/|archive-date=May 13, 2021}}</ref> iyo astaan ​​pop marka caannimada caalamka.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Levine|first=Nick|date=August 21, 2019|title=Taylor Swift's Lover: The struggle to maintain superstardom|url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20190820-taylor-swift-and-the-struggle-to-maintain-pop-superstardom|access-date=October 29, 2021|agency=[[BBC]]}}{{Cite web|date=October 29, 2021|title=The Evolution of Taylor Swift From Country Star to Pop Icon|url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/evolution-taylor-swift-country-star-212600688.html|access-date=October 29, 2021|agency=Yahoo!}}</ref><ref name="The Very Pink, Very Perfect Life of Taylor Swift" /><ref name="Taylor in Wonderland" /><ref name=":24">{{Cite web|last=Knibbs|first=Kate|date=August 21, 2019|title=Ten Years of Taylor Swift: How the Pop Star Went From Sweetheart to Snake (and Back Again?)|url=https://www.theringer.com/music/2019/8/21/20826837/ten-years-of-taylor-swift|access-date=December 13, 2021|website=[[The Ringer (website)|The Ringer]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Snapes|first=Laura|date=November 25, 2019|title=New rules: the destruction of the female pop role model|newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/nov/25/destruction-of-female-pop-role-model-decade-in-music|access-date=November 1, 2021}}</ref> ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' ayaa ku tilmaamay Swift inay tahay "qofka ugu fiican tan iyo [[Bill Clinton]]".<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Willman|first=Chris|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/taylor-swift-tapes-vh1-storytellers-379446|title=Taylor Swift Tapes VH1 'Storytellers'|magazine=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=October 17, 2012|access-date=February 25, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121123033439/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/taylor-swift-tapes-vh1-storytellers-379446|archive-date=November 23, 2012}}</ref> Iyadoo la guddoonsiinayey abaal-marin ah oo ay ku mutaysatay dadaallada bini’aadantinimo ee sannadkii 2012-kii, marwadii hore ee Madaxweynihii hore ee Maraykanka [[Michelle Obama]] ayaa ku tilmaantay Swift inay tahay farshaxaniste "gantaalay xagga sare ee mihnadda muusigga, balse haddana cagaheeda dhulka ku haysa";<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://nymag.com/thecut/2012/04/michelle-obama-honors-taylor-swift.html|title=Michelle Obama Honors Taylor Swift, Taylor Swift So Honored|last=Moss|first=Hilary|date=April 2, 2012|magazine=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|access-date=March 6, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528072212/http://nymag.com/thecut/2012/04/michelle-obama-honors-taylor-swift.html|archive-date=May 28, 2013}}</ref> Swift waxay u aragtaa Obama inay tahay tusaale lagu daydo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tasteofcountry.com/taylor-swift-michelle-obama/|title=Taylor Swift Reflects on Meeting First Lady Michelle Obama|last=Pacella|first=Megan|date=April 15, 2012|work=[[Taste of Country]]|access-date=April 15, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414195616/http://tasteofcountry.com/taylor-swift-michelle-obama/|archive-date=April 14, 2012}}</ref> Sannadkii 2015, ''[[Vanity Fair]]'' waxay u tixraacday Swift sida "madadaalada ugu caansan uguna saamaynta badan Dunida".<ref name=":20">{{Cite magazine|last=Duboff|first=Josh|title=Taylor Swift: Apple Crusader, #GirlSquad Captain, and the Most Influential 25-Year-Old in America|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2015/08/taylor-swift-cover-mario-testino-apple-music|access-date=January 13, 2022|magazine=Vanity Fair}}</ref> Marka loo eego sahamintii YouGov, waxay gashay kaalinta fanaaniinta dumarka loogu jecel yahay adduunka intii u dhaxaysay 2019 ilaa 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=These Are 2019's Most Admired Women in the World|url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/most-admired-women-world-yougov-poll/|access-date=December 4, 2019|publisher=[[Global Citizen (organization)|Global Citizen]]}}{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Matthew|date=September 25, 2020|title=Barack and Michelle Obama are the World's Most Admired|url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2020/09/25/worlds-most-admired-2020|access-date=November 5, 2021|website=YouGov|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 22, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522111223/https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2020/09/25/worlds-most-admired-2020|dead-url=yes}}{{Cite web|date=December 14, 2021|title=World's most admired 2021|url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2021/12/13/worlds-most-admired-2021|access-date=December 18, 2021|website=[[YouGov]]|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214055119/https://today.yougov.com/topics/international/articles-reports/2021/12/13/worlds-most-admired-2021|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Mid ka mid ah dadka sida aadka ah la raaco baraha bulshada,<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Berg|first1=Madeline|date=November 18, 2015|title=Taylor Swift Vs. Katy Perry: Which Star Rules Social Media?|work=[[Forbes]]|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2015/11/18/taylor-swift-vs-katy-perry-which-star-rules-social-media/|url-status=live|access-date=July 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827185624/http://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2015/11/18/taylor-swift-vs-katy-perry-which-star-rules-social-media/|archive-date=August 27, 2016}}</ref> Swift waxaa lagu yaqaanaa is dhexgalka saaxiibtinimo ee joogtada ah iyo taageereyaasheeda,<ref name="Erin">{{cite magazine|last1=Strecker|first1=Erin|title=Read Taylor Swift's Sweet Message to Bullied Fan|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6451041/taylor-swift-sweet-message-bullied-fan-tumblr|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=January 31, 2015|date=January 27, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130032719/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6451041/taylor-swift-sweet-message-bullied-fan-tumblr|archive-date=January 30, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Taylor Swift Visited a Children's Hospital|url=https://time.com/4403205/taylor-swift-visits-childrens-hospital-australia/|access-date=September 4, 2020|magazine=Time|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 22, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522021051/https://time.com/4403205/taylor-swift-visits-childrens-hospital-australia/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> waxay hadiyadaha fasaxa ugu soo dirtay boostada iyo qof ahaan.<ref>{{cite web|last1=France|first1=Lisa Respers|title=Taylor Swift's year-end gift video brings all the feels|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/01/showbiz/celebrity-news-gossip/feat-taylor-swift-end-of-year-video/index.html|publisher=CNN|access-date=July 6, 2020|date=January 3, 2015}}</ref> Waxay u aragtaa "mas'uuliyadeeda" inay ka warqabto saamaynta ay ku leedahay taageerayaasha da'da yar,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/18/news/la-heb-taylor-swift-role-model-20111118|title=Taylor Swift weighs in on being a role model|date=November 18, 2011|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=April 18, 2012|first1=Jeannine|last1=Stein|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120715024559/http://articles.latimes.com/2011/nov/18/news/la-heb-taylor-swift-role-model-20111118|archive-date=July 15, 2012}}</ref> waxay ku ammaantay xiriirka ay la leedahay taageerayaasheeda inuu yahay "kii ugu dheeraa uguna fiicnaa" ee ay abid yeelato.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Billboard Music Awards: Taylor Swift thanks her fans for being her 'longest and best relationship'|last=McKnight|first=Jenni|url=http://metro.co.uk/2013/05/20/billboard-music-awards-taylor-swift-thanks-her-fans-for-being-her-longest-and-best-relationship-3801610/|work=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]|access-date=April 4, 2015|date=May 20, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150410124115/http://metro.co.uk/2013/05/20/billboard-music-awards-taylor-swift-thanks-her-fans-for-being-her-longest-and-best-relationship-3801610/|archive-date=April 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Queen of Easter eggs Taylor Swift was hinting at 'evermore' all along – Music News – ABC News Radio|url=http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2020/12/10/queen-of-easter-eggs-taylor-swift-was-hinting-at-evermore-al.html|access-date=November 10, 2021|agency=[[ABC News]]|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507122109/http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2020/12/10/queen-of-easter-eggs-taylor-swift-was-hinting-at-evermore-al.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=":14" /> [[File:Taylor_Swift_GMA_2012.jpg|alt=Taylor Swift in a red dress.|left|thumb|Swift ee barnaamijka ''[[Good Morning America]]'' 2012. Bushimaha cas waxaa guud ahaan loo arkaa mid ka mid ah qaabkeeda saxiixa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Webster|first=Emma Sarran|title=Taylor Swift's Perfect Red Lipstick Lessons|url=https://www.teenvogue.com/gallery/taylor-swift-perfect-red-lipstick-lessons|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=[[Teen Vogue]]}}</ref>]] Warbaahintu waxay ku tilmaamaan Swift inay tahay ganacsade caqli badan.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=January 10, 2020|title=From Country Cutie to Power Player: Taylor Swift's Style Evolution|magazine=Billboard|url=https://www.billboard.com/photos/429884/taylor-swift-style-evolution-photos|access-date=November 3, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Sisario|first=Ben|date=November 5, 2014|title=Sales of Taylor Swift's '1989' Intensify Streaming Debate|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/06/arts/music/sales-of-taylor-swifts-1989-intensify-streaming-debate.html|access-date=July 5, 2020}}</ref><ref name=":24" /> In kasta oo Swift ay ka caga jiidayso inay si fagaare ah ugala hadasho nolosheeda gaarka ah—iyada oo aaminsan inay tahay "daciifnimo xirfadeed"<ref>{{cite magazine|date=February 13, 2015|title=On the Road with Best Friends Taylor Swift and Karlie Kloss|url=http://www.vogue.com/9287379/taylor-swift-karlie-kloss-best-friends-march-2015-cover/|url-status=live|magazine=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104150142/http://www.vogue.com/9287379/taylor-swift-karlie-kloss-best-friends-march-2015-cover|archive-date=November 4, 2015|access-date=November 10, 2015}}</ref>— waa mawduuc dareen warbaahineed oo baahsan iyo mala-awaal [[Saxaafadda tablood|tabloid]] ah.<ref name=":4">{{cite magazine|last=Meddings|first=Jacqui|date=October 31, 2014|title=Taylor Swift is our new cover goddess|url=http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/entertainment/interviews/a30873/taylor-swift-cover-interview-talks-feminism-and-lena-dunham/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714043054/http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/entertainment/interviews/a30873/taylor-swift-cover-interview-talks-feminism-and-lena-dunham/|archive-date=July 14, 2016|access-date=August 2, 2016|magazine=[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Taylor Swift: Her 15 Best Songs|url=https://www.clashmusic.com/features/taylor-swift-her-15-best-songs|access-date=January 6, 2022|magazine=Clash}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Chang|first=Bee-Shyuan|date=March 15, 2013|title=Taylor Swift Gets Some Mud on Her Boots|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/17/fashion/for-taylor-swifts-image-erosion-is-a-danger.html|url-status=live|access-date=June 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130322110003/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/17/fashion/for-taylor-swifts-image-erosion-is-a-danger.html|archive-date=March 22, 2013}}</ref> Dhaleeceeyayaal qaarkood ayaa iftiimiyay [[Naag neceb|nacasnimada]] iyo [[Ceebaynta-dumarka|ceebaynta]] Swift nolosheeda iyo shaqadeeda la hoos geeyay.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Wahi|first=Sukriti|date=March 3, 2021|title=Every Time Taylor Swift Perfectly Shut Down A Sexist Interview Question|url=https://www.elle.com.au/celebrity/taylor-swift-sexist-questions-20572|magazine=Elle|access-date=November 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Davis|first=Allison P.|date=June 28, 2018|title=The Taylor Swift Slut-Shaming Continues|url=https://www.thecut.com/2013/06/taylor-swift-slut-shaming-continues.html|access-date=November 4, 2021|website=[[The Cut (website)|The Cut]]}}</ref><ref name=":19" /><ref>{{cite web|last=Furdyk|first=Brent|date=September 27, 2019|title=Taylor Swift's 'Lover' Certified Platinum After Just 4 Weeks|url=https://etcanada.com/news/514258/taylor-swifts-lover-certified-platinum-after-just-4-weeks/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424231342/https://etcanada.com/news/514258/taylor-swifts-lover-certified-platinum-after-just-4-weeks/|archive-date=April 24, 2020|access-date=November 3, 2021|website=[[ET Canada]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|last=July 24|first=Lauren Huff|date=July 24, 2020|title=Taylor Swift's 'Mad Woman' picks up where 'The Man' left off|url=https://ew.com/music/taylor-swift-mad-woman/|access-date=November 4, 2021|magazine=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Baumgartner|first=Scott|url=https://www.etonline.com/taylor-swift-on-her-haters-you-dont-have-to-forgive-and-you-dont-have-to-forget-131169|title=Taylor Swift on Her Haters: 'You Don't Have to Forgive and You Don't Have to Forget'|access-date=November 4, 2021|website=Entertainment Tonight|date=August 29, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Chappet|first=Marie-Claire|date=January 25, 2022|title=Why is Taylor Swift such an easy target for male disdain and disrespect?|url=https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/taylor-swift-male-feuds|access-date=January 25, 2022|magazine=Glamour}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Hall|first=James|date=January 25, 2022|title=Why Taylor Swift is the woman the music industry needs|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/artists/taylor-swift-woman-music-industry-needs/|url-access=subscription|access-date=January 26, 2022}}</ref> === Moodo === Fashion-ka Swift waxaa inta badan daboola xarumaha warbaahinta, iyada oo [[Qaabka wadada|qaabkeeda waddooyinku]] ay helayso ammaan.<ref>Sources on her streetstyle # {{Cite web|date=July 9, 2015|title=Taylor Swift's Greatest Street Style Moments|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/stylish/pictures/taylor-swift-best-street-style-moments-201517/|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=Us Weekly}} # {{Cite web|last=Wallace|first=Francesca|date=July 19, 2018|title=All the times Taylor Swift's street style look was worth copying|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/street-style/all-the-times-taylor-swifts-street-style-look-was-worth-copying/image-gallery/f5ddd0390d534c11f32678ecc52fc99c|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=Vogue Australia}} # {{Cite web|last=Glein|first=Kelsey|date=January 6, 2015|title=Taylor Swift's Best Street Style Looks|url=https://www.instyle.com/fashion/street-style/taylor-swift-street-style-pro|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=[[InStyle]]}}</ref> Soojiidashada moodada waxaa soo qaatay dhowr daabacaad oo warbaahin ah, sida ''[[People]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2014/09/17/best-dressed-taylor-swift-jennifer-lopez-style/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220110441/http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2014/09/17/best-dressed-taylor-swift-jennifer-lopez-style/|archive-date=February 20, 2016|title=People's Best Dressed, Taylor Swift Best Dressed 2014|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=September 17, 2014|access-date=December 1, 2015}}</ref> ''[[Elle]]'',<ref>{{cite web|last=Powell|first=Hannah Lyons|url=http://www.elleuk.com/fashion/articles/a24919/taylor-swift-wins-woman-of-the-year-2015/|title=Taylor Swift wins Woman of the Year award – ELLE Style Awards 2015|work=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=February 24, 2015|access-date=December 1, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927004926/http://www.elleuk.com/fashion/articles/a24919/taylor-swift-wins-woman-of-the-year-2015/|archive-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> ''[[Vogue]]'',<ref>{{cite web|last=Holt|first=Emily|date=July 1, 2011|title=American Idols: Icons of Stateside Style – Vogue Daily|url=http://www.vogue.com/869845/american-idols-icons-of-stateside-style/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908125018/http://www.vogue.com/869845/american-idols-icons-of-stateside-style/|archive-date=September 8, 2014|access-date=June 15, 2012|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref> iyo ''[[Maxim]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maxim.com/entertainment/taylor-swift-tops-2015-maxim-hot-100|title=Taylor Swift Tops the 2015 Maxim Hot 100|work=[[Maxim (magazine)|Maxim]]|date=May 18, 2015|access-date=December 1, 2015|last=Roy|first=Jessica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108192530/https://www.maxim.com/entertainment/taylor-swift-tops-2015-maxim-hot-100|archive-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurick|first=Jen|date=April 22, 2020|title=Why Taylor Swift has become one of the world's biggest sustainable fashion influencers|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/news/why-taylor-swift-has-become-one-of-the-worlds-biggest-sustainable-fashion-influencers/news-story/f9075a83e7f0a2c0d9db1e1be8028d9a|access-date=November 17, 2020|website=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Guthrie|first=Susannah|date=July 27, 2020|title=Taylor Swift's Incredible Before And After Beauty Transformation In Pictures|url=https://www.elle.com.au/beauty/taylor-swift-before-after-20368|access-date=November 10, 2021|website=Elle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=December 8, 2020|title=The 50 best albums of 2020, No 9: Taylor Swift – Folklore|url=http://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/dec/08/the-best-albums-of-2020-no-9-taylor-swift-folklore|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Clark|first=Lucie|date=July 27, 2020|title=What is cottagecore? The phenomenon made popular by Taylor Swift|url=https://www.vogue.com.au/culture/lifestyle/what-is-cottagecore-the-phenomenon-made-popular-by-taylor-swift/news-story/6f4f501ffaee50c73f394d64f1ada174|access-date=December 28, 2021|website=Vogue Australia}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{Cite web|last=Siroky|first=Mary|date=November 9, 2021|title=Every Taylor Swift Album Ranked from Worst to Best|url=https://consequence.net/2021/11/taylor-swift-albums-ranked-list/|access-date=November 10, 2021|website=Consequence}}</ref> In kasta oo ay warbaahintu ku calaamadisay inay tahay "[[Naaneysyada sharafta leh ee muusiga caanka ah|Macaanta Ameerika]]",<ref>{{Cite news|last=Vincent|first=Alice|date=November 3, 2017|title=Taylor Swift: the rise, fall and re-invention of America's sweetheart|work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/artists/taylor-swift-rise-fall-re-invention-americas-sweetheart/|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/artists/taylor-swift-rise-fall-re-invention-americas-sweetheart/|archive-date=January 10, 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|access-date=July 5, 2020|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=19-Year-Old Superstar Taylor Swift Remains Humble|url=https://www.voanews.com/archive/19-year-old-superstar-taylor-swift-remains-humble|website=[[Voice of America]]|date=November 2, 2009|access-date=July 5, 2020|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705021733/https://www.voanews.com/archive/19-year-old-superstar-taylor-swift-remains-humble|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Fischer|first1=Nancy|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/953030187|title=Introducing the new sexuality studies : 3rd edition|last2=Seidman|first2=Steven|date=2016|isbn=978-1-317-44918-8|edition=3rd|location=London|pages=529|oclc=953030187}}</ref> Swift waxay ku adkaysanaysaa in aanay "ku noolaanayn dhammaan xeerarkan adag ee qallafsan ee i dareensiinaya in aan dhammaanteed ku jiro. Waxa aan jeclahay sida aan dareemayo, taasina waxa ay i dareensiinaysaa xorriyad badan".<ref name="independent1">{{cite news|last=Mclean|first=Craig|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/taylor-swift-maybe-i-should-just-lighten-up-2112052.html|title=Taylor Swift: 'Maybe I should just lighten up'|work=[[The Independent]]|date=October 24, 2010|access-date=February 4, 2017}}</ref> In kasta oo ay diiday in ay ka qayb qaadato sawirada "kacsiga" ee 2012,<ref>{{Cite news|author=Nisha Lilia Diu|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/8421110/Taylor-Swift-I-wont-do-sexy-shoots.html|title=Taylor Swift: 'I won't do sexy shoots'|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=April 3, 2011|access-date=February 4, 2017|location=London|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030041323/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/8421110/Taylor-Swift-I-wont-do-sexy-shoots.html|archive-date=October 30, 2012}}</ref> waxay tidhi "waa wax fiican inaad noqoto mid [[Soo jiidasho (qaab)|soo jiidasho]] leh" ee 2015.<ref name=":20" /> ''[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]'' waxay Swift u aragtaa [[Astaanta galmada|calaamad galmo]], in kasta oo ay tahay noocyo kala duwan oo khiyaano ah oo casri ah oo ka duwan qaar badan oo ka mid ah dumarkii asaageed ahaa.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kessler|first1=Zara|title=Taylor Swift's Sexual Temptation|newspaper=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2014-11-05/taylor-swift-s-sexual-temptation|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|access-date=July 24, 2016|date=November 5, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728164205/http://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2014-11-05/taylor-swift-s-sexual-temptation|archive-date=July 28, 2016}}</ref> == [[Filmografi]] == * ''[[Hannah Montana: The Movie]]'' (2009) * ''[[CSI: Crime Scene Investigation]]'' (2009) * ''[[Valentine's Day]]'' (2010) * ''[[Journey to Fearless]]'' (2010) * ''[[The Lorax]]'' (2012) * ''[[The Giver]]'' (2014) * ''The 1989 World Tour Live'' (2015) * ''Taylor Swift: Reputation Stadium Tour'' (2018) * ''[[Cats]]'' (2019) * ''[[Miss Americana]]'' (2020) * ''[[City of Lover]]'' (2020) * ''[[Folklore: The Long Pond Studio Sessions]]'' (2020) * ''[[All Too Well: The Short Film]]'' (2021) == Diskografi == * ''[[Taylor Swift (album)|Taylor Swift]]'' (2006) * ''[[Fearless]]'' (2008) * ''[[Speak Now]]'' (2010) * ''[[Red]]'' (2012) * ''[[1989 (album)|1989]]'' (2014) * ''[[Reputation]]'' (2017) * ''[[Lover]]'' (2019) * ''[[Folklore]]'' (2020) * ''[[Evermore]]'' (2020) * ''Midnights'' (2022) * Waaxda Abwaannada La Silciyay (2024) * Nolosha Gabadh Bandhig-faneed (2025) === Dib u duubista === * ''[[Fearless (Taylor's Version)]]'' (2021) * ''[[Red (Taylor's Version)]]'' (2021) == Tixraacyo == [[Category:Muusig]] [[Category:Dad nool]] <references /> == Xiriirinta dibadda == * {{IMDb name}} qhfhzevkvlo659yaq43w2t2erljl1zs 0 10871 309225 308703 2026-09-23T07:10:03Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309225 wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Meereyaasha guud ahaan. Bogag kale fiiri [[Koon]] iyo [[Bahda Qoraxda Midaysay]]. '''Meere''' ({{lang-en|Planet}}; {{lang-ar|كوكب}}) Waa [[dhul]] ama duni ka sameysan [[dhagax]]aan, [[caro]] iyo [[hawo]] oo ku wareegta [[xidig]] ama [[qorax]]. Sida [[Cilmi Fallag]]u sheego waxa jira in ka badan balaayiin [[meere]]yaal [[Koon]]kan eeynu ku noolnahay. Meerayaasha waxaa guud ahaan loo qeeybiyaa labo: mid xajmi wayn oo cufkiisu yar yahay kana samaysan [[hawo]]oyin iyo mid xajmi yar oo cufkiisu wayn yahay kana samaysan oogo [[dhagax]]aan ah. Iyadoo la tix raacayo qeexida hay'ada [[Cilmi Fallag]]a ee dunida IAU (Midowga Cilmiga Xidigaha), waxa si rasmi ah loo aqoonsan yahay ineey jiraan 8 [[meere]] [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] ama (Solar System).<ref name="IAU">{{cite web |title=IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes |url=http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/detail/iau0603/ |publisher=International Astronomical Union |year=2006 |accessdate=2009-12-30 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2009-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091230134246/http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/detail/iau0603/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Sideedaas [[Meere]] waxay kala yihiin [[Dusaa]] (Mercury) oo [[Qorax|Qorrax]]da ugu dhow, [[Waxaraxir]] (Venus), [[Dhul]]ka iyo meeraha [[Farraare]] (Mars). [[File:Gas giants in the solar system.jpg|thumb|Meerayaasha waawayn ee [[neef]]ta ka samaysan; [[Cirjeex]] (Jupiter), [[Raage]] (Saturn), [[Uraano]] (Uranus) iyo meeraha [[Docay]] (Neptune).]] Ka dib waa meerayaasha xajmiga waaweeyn ee ka samaysan hawada iyo boodhka ee [[Cirjeex]] (Jupiter), [[Raage]] (Saturn), [[Uraano]] (Uranus) iyo meeraha [[Docay]] (Neptune). Sidoo kale waxaa jira meerayaal yar-yar oo dhamaantood [[baraf]], [[hawo]] iyo xoogaa caro ah ka sameysan waxaana ka mid ah meeraha yar ee [[Bluto]] (Pluto) oo waqtiyadii hore loo aqoonsanaan jirey in uu ka mid yahay [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu|Bahda Midaysay Qorraxdu]].<ref name="WSGESP">{{cite web |year=2001 |title=Working Group on Extrasolar Planets (WGESP) of the International Astronomical Union |work=IAU |url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/boss/definition.html |accessdate=2008-08-23 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2006-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060916161707/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/boss/definition.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Meerayaashu weey kala xajmi duwan yihiin oo kala cimilo duwan yihiin. Meerayaasha qaar, sida [[Dusaa]] ama '''Venus''' aad ayuu u kulul yahay maadaama [[qorax]]da aad ugu dhow yahay. Halka meerayaasha qaar leeyihiin dayaxyaal aad u faro badan, sida meeraha [[Raage]] ama '''Saturn''' wuxuu leeyahay 32 [[dayax]] oo ku wareega meerahaasi. ==Dulxaadis== {| class="infobox" style="width: 280px;" |- | {| style="background-color: #000; white-space: nowrap;" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 |- | [[File:Mercury in color - Prockter07 centered.jpg|140px|Mercury]][[File:venus-real color.jpg|130px|Venus]] |- | style="padding-left: 8px;" | [[File:Africa and Europe from a Million Miles Away.png|126px|Earth]][[File:Mars 23 aug 2003 hubble.jpg|130px|Mars]] |- | style="padding-left: 5px;" | [[File:Jupiter New Horizons.jpg|123px|Jupiter]][[File:Top view of the rings of Saturn by Cassini - October 10, 2013.jpg|148px|Saturn]] |- | [[File:Uranus2.jpg|138px|Uranus]][[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated.png|138px|Neptune]] |} |- |Sideeda Meere ee [[Bahda Qoraxda Midaysay]] *[[Meere#Meeraha dhexe|Meereyaasha Dhexe]]: :[[Dusaa]], [[Waxaraxir]], [[Dhul]], iyo [[Farraare]] *[[Meere#Meerayaasha Baxsan|Meereyaasha Waawayn]]: :[[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]] ([[neef|Neefo Waawayn]]) :[[Uraano]] iyo [[Docay]] ([[baraf|Baraf Waawayn]]) ''Waxay u muuqdaan sida uga fog yihiin [[Qorax]]da iyo midabkooda saxda ah, iyio xajmiga (ma ahan miisanka).'' |} [[File:1e7m comparison Uranus Neptune Sirius B Earth Venus.png|thumb|Meereyaasha iyo xajmigooda. Labada ugu sareeya: [[Uraano]] (Uranus) iyo [[Docay]] (Neptune); Sadexda dhexe: [[Dhul]]ka, [[xidig]]a Sirius B iyo [[Waxaraxir]] (Venus); Qeybta hoose: [[Dusaa]] (Mercury) iyo [[Farraare]] (Mars); Ugu hooseeya: [[Dayax]]a, [[Meere]]yasha yar-yar [[Buluuto]] (Pluto) iyo Haumea.]] [[File:The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka Meereha aan ku noolnahay ee [[Dhul]]ka.]] [[File:Water ice clouds hanging above Tharsis PIA02653.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka Meereha [[Farraare]] ama Mars.]] {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; clear:middle; float:middle; margin:10px" |- style="background:#ccf; font-size:smaller;" |+ Meerayaasha 1854–1930, 2006–wakhti xaadirkan |- style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;" | 1 <br /> [[Dusaa]] <br /> [[File:Mercury symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|☿}}]] || 2 <br /> [[Waxaraxir]] <br /> [[File:Venus symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♀}}]] || 3 <br /> [[Dhul]]ka <br /> [[File:Earth symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|🜨}}]] || 4 <br /> [[Farraare]] <br /> [[File:Mars symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♂}}]] || 5 <br /> [[Cirjeex]] <br /> [[File:Jupiter symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♃}}]] || 6 <br /> [[Raage]] <br /> [[File:Saturn symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♄}}]] || 7 <br /> [[Uraano]] <br /> [[File:Uranus symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♅}}]] || 8 <br /> [[Docay]] <br /> [[File:Neptune symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♆}}]] |} == Taariikhda Cilmi Falaga == [[Dad]]ku waxay waligoodba jeclaayeen ineey fahmaan isla markaana ogaadaan in [[duni|duunyooyin]] kale oo sida [[dhul]]ka ah jiraan. [[Shan|Shan meere]] ([[qorax|qorrax]]da, [[dayax]]a, [[dusaa]], [[waxaraxir]], [[farraare]], [[cirjeex]] iyo [[raage]]) oo [[il|isha]] lagu arki karo ayaa aqoon yar loo lahaa tan iyo [[qarni|tobanaan qarni]]<ref> kale oo sida [[dhul]]ka ah jiraan. [[Shan|Shan meere]] ([[qorax]]da, [[dayax]]a, [[dusaa]], [[waxaraxir]], [[farraare]], [[cirjeex]] iyo [[raage]]) oo [[il|isha]] lagu arki karo ayaa aqoon yar loo lahaa tan iyo [[qarni|tobanaan qarni]]</ref> ka hor, kuwaas oo saamayn ku lahaa [[dad]]kii wakhigaas noolaa. Wakhtiyadii hore dadka [[xidigyahan]]ada ahaa waxay aqoon u lahaayeen sida iftiino gaar ahi [[cir]]ka u dhex maraan, [[xidig]]aha qaar wakhtiyada ay soo baxaan, kuwaas ooy u isticmaali jireen ineey ku safraan oogada dhulka iyo [[badweyn|badaha waawayn]] dhexdooda. Ilbaxnimooyinkii hore, sida Giriiga, [[Shiinaha]], Baabiloon (Babylon) iyo kuwo kaleba waxay aaminsanaayeen in [[dhul]]ku badhtan u yahay dhamaan [[koon]]ka.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Pluto and the Solar System, IAU |url=http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |access-date=2014-01-13 |archive-date=2011-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614202942/http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Reer binu Israa'iil waxay rumaysteen in dhulku wareegsan yahay iyo adduunku waxba kama laalaado. [[Kitaabka quduska]] wuxuu yiri, Ayuub qaybta lix iyo labaatan aayadda toddoba waxaa ku qoran inuu dhulka ka laalaado wax aan waxba ahayn. Markay dadka badidiis rumaysteen in dhulku fidsan yahay, Kitaabka Quduuska ah wuxuu sheegay inuu wareegsan yahay. — Ishacyaah 40:22.<ref>[https://www.jw.org/so/tacliinta-kitaabka/suʼaalo/kitaabka-iyo-cilmiga/ Kitaabka Quduuska ah Iyo Cilmigu May Israacsan Yihiin?]</ref><ref>'''[https://www.jw.org/so/tacliinta-kitaabka/suʼaalo/ilaahay-ma-jiraa/ ”Qorayaasha Kitaabka waxay lahaayeen aqoon cilmiyeed oo ka sii horumarsan aqoonta qarnigooda. Matalan, waayihii hore dad badan waxay aamminsanayeen inuu adduunku kor saarnaa xayawaan, sida maroodi, doofaar ama dibi. Haddaba Kitaabka waxaa ku qoran “dhulkana Ilaahay wuxuu ka laalaadshaa wax aan waxba ahayn.” (Ayuub 26:7) Sidoo kale, si saxan ayuu Kitaabku qaabka adduunka ugu tilmaamay inuu ‘wareegsan’ yahay. (Ishacyaah 40:22) Markay eegaan aqoontan caynkan ah oo waqtigeeda ka horumarsan, dad badan waxay aamminsan yihiin in waxa ugu macquulsan uu yahay inay qorayaasha Kitaabka macluumaadkooda ka heleen xagga Ilaah.”]'''</ref>.<ref> '''[https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/fiidiyow/#so/mediaitems/pub-lffv_31_VIDEO Adduunku Waxba Kama Laalaado]'''</ref> == Baabiloon == Ilbaxnimadii ugu horeeysay ee yeelata aqoon iyo fahan meerayaasha waxay ahayd [[Baabiloon]]<ref>Otto E. Neugebauer, 1945, The History of Ancient Astronomy Problems and Methods, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, volume 4, issue 1, 1–38</ref> (babylon) oo ku dhex taalay [[Mesobotaamiya]] wakhtiyadii u dhaxaysay [[sanad|2'000 sano]] ilaa [[sanad|1'000 sano]] ciise hortiis.<ref>Babylonian Observational Astronomy |author=A. Sachs Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society volume 276, issue 1257, May 2, 1974, 43–50, Royal Society of London</ref> Qoraalo duug ah oo ku beegan [[sanad|700 sano]] ciise hortii kuwaas oo ka hadhay ilbaxnimadii Baabiloon waxa ku xusan liiska dhowr meere uu ka mid yahay [[waxaraxir]]. Sidoo kale waxaa ku qornaa liiska socodka meereyaasha waxaraxir, dusaa, farraare, cirjeex iyo raage; iyo meelaha ay ka iftiimaan wakhtiga [[habeen]]kii iyo wakhtiyada la arki karo sanadka.<ref>Colin Ronan, Astronomy in China, Korea and Japan, Walker, Astronomy Before the Telescope, 264–265]</ref> == Giriiga & Romanka == Horaantii ilbaxnimada Giriiga aqoon la mid ah tan Baabiloonta uma aanay lahayn meerayaasha iyo xidigaha. Laakiin [[qarni|qaringii 6aad]] ilaa [[qarni|qarnigii 5aad]] ciise hortiis ayaa qabiilada Pythagoras sameeysteen qaacidooyin cusub oo ay ku qeexeen qoraxda, dayaxa, dhulka iyo dhowr meere oo kale oo ku wareegaya dab badhtanka ka ololaya. Pythagoreansku waxay ahaayeen dadkii ugu horeeyay ee sheegay in xidigta la arko qorax-dhaca (hesperos) iyo tan la arko qorax-soo-baxu (phosphoros) ineey yihiin xidig isku mid ah.<ref>[http://exoplanet.eu/catalog.php Interactive Extra-solar Planets Catalog, The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]], Schneider Jean, 16 January 2013]</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horaantii qarnigii 1aad ciise hortii, ayaa Giriigu horumariyeen [[xisaab]]inta meelaha iyo wakhtiyada la filaayo in la arko xidigaha. Taas oo u sahashay ineey ku kala ogaadaan [[4ta xilli|xiliyada]], wakhtiyada [[roob]]ka la filaayo, iyo ineey u adeegsadaan socdaalada safarka. == Hindiya == Qiyaastii [[sanad|sanadkii 499]] ciise hortii ayaa [[xidigisyahan]] Aryabhata ee wadanka [[Hindiya]]<ref>J. J. O'Connor and E. F. Robertson, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121019181214/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Aryabhata_I.html Aryabhata the Elder, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive''</ref> sheegay in dhulku ku wareego xariijintiisa, taasi oo uu ku qeexay in wareega dhulku ka yimaado dhanka galbeed. Sidoo kale wuxuu aaminsanaa ineey jiraan tiro kale oo meerayaal ah, dhamantoodna ay ku wareegaan shay ka wayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ardey baranayay [[Cilmi Fallag]]a [[sanad|sanadkii 1500]] Nilakantha Somayaji ayaa sii horumariyey qaacidadii Aryabhata, asagoo ku daray in dhulku sameeyo wareeg dheer oo uu ku wareego udub dhexaad, iyo in meerayaasha kala ah [[Waxaraxir]], [[Dusaa]], [[Farraare]], [[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]] dhamaantood ku wareegaan [[qorax|qorrax]]da.<ref>K. V. Sarma (1997) "Astronomy in India" in Helaine Selin (editor) ''Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures'', Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 0-7923-4066-3, p. 116</ref> == Muslimiinta == Horaantii [[qarni|qarnigii 11aad]] ayaa aqoonta iyo cilmiga dowladii Islaamiyiintu aad u horumarisey fahanka iyo adeegsiga [[Cilmi Fallag]]a. Waxaa jirey dugsiyo gaar u ah barashada cimiga xidigaha, kuwaas oo lagu baran jirey wakhtiyada iyo meelahay ay ka soo baxaan xidiguhu isla markaana safarleeydu u isticmaali jireen jiheeye ahaan. Waxa la sheegaa in badhtamihii qarnigii 12aad [[xidigisyahan|xiddigisyahan]] ibn Bajjah uu sheegay inuu uu arkay labo meere oo waji madoow aadna ugu dhow [[qorax|qorrax]]da, kuwaas oo uu horaantii qarnigii 13aad uu ku fasirey saynisyahan Qotb al-Din Shirazi ineey ahaayeen meerayaasha [[Waxaraxir]] iyo [[Dusaa]].<ref>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, volume 52, 565–594, Whipple Fred, 1964, The History of the Solar System</ref> Taasi waxay muujineysaa heerka aqoonta fiican eey Muslimiinta wakhtigaas u lahaayeen cilmiga xidigaha iyo sida ay u isticmaali jireen. == Yurubiyaanka == {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; float:right; margin:10px" |+ 7da Meere ee Ptolemy |- style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;" | 1 <br /> Dayax <br /> [[File:Moon decrescent symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|☾}}]] || 2 <br /> Waxaraxir <br /> [[File:Mercury symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|☿}}]] || 3 <br /> Dusaa <br /> [[File:Venus symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♀}}]] || 4 <br /> Qoraxda <br /> [[File:Sun symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|☉}}]] || 5 <br /> Farraare <br /> [[File:Mars symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♂}}]] || 6 <br /> Cirjeex <br /> [[File:Jupiter symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♃}}]] || 7 <br /> Raage <br /> [[File:Saturn symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♄}}]] |} Horaantii [[saynis|kacaankii sayniska]] ee [[qaarad]]a [[Yurub]] waxaa la fahmey in meerayaashu yihiin [[duni|duunyooyin]] dhisan lehna [[jidh]] la mid ah kan [[dhul]]ka.<ref>[http://books.google.com/?id=7yUAmmqHHEgC&pg=PR4 John Burnet, Greek philosophy: Thales to Plato, 1950, Macmillan and Co., 7–11]</ref> Aqoonyahanadii [[Cilmi Fallag]]u waxay isku keeneen cilmigii xidigaha ee dhamaan dunida ka jirey. Waxay ogaadeen in [[dayax]]a iyo [[qorax]]du ka duwan yihiin meerayaasha kale, sidaas darteed waxay ku dareen liis ka duwan liiska meerayaasha. Horaantii [[qarni|qarnigii 17aad]] waxay heleen in meereyaasha [[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]] yihiin [[duni]] ka wayn dhulka. Tan iyo intii laga gaadhayay qarnigii 19aad fahanka iyo aqoonta xidigaha iyo meerayaashu way isa soo tarayeen. == Qarnigii 19aad & 20aad == Qarnigii 19aad dhexdiisa [[xidigisyahan|xiddigisyahan]]adu waxay ogaadeen in duunyooyinka yaryar, sida Ceres, Pallas iyo Vesta, aanay ahayn meere laakiin ay yihiin duni yar sidaas darteed wax lagu magacaabay ''Asteroids''. Sanadkii 1846dii waxaa la helay meeraha [[Docay]] (neptune) kaasi oo lagu daray liiska meerayaasha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horraantii qarnigii 20aad waxaa la helay dunida yar ee [[Buluuto]] (pluto) taasi oo wakhtigaas la aaminsanaa ineey ka xajmi weeyn tahay [[dhul]]ka, waxaana si dhakhso ah loogu aqoonsaday [[sagaal|meeraha 9aad]].<ref>Planet Quest: The Epic Discovery of Alien Solar Systems, K. Croswell, The Free Press, 1997, 57</ref> == Qarniga 21aad == {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; clear:right; float:right; margin:10px" |- style="background:#ccf; font-size:smaller;" |+ Meerayaasha 1854–1930, 2006–wakhti xaadirkan |- style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;" | 1 <br /> Dusaa <br /> [[File:Mercury symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|☿}}]] || 2 <br /> Waxaraxir <br /> [[File:Venus symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♀}}]] || 3 <br /> Dhulka <br /> [[File:Earth symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|🜨}}]] || 4 <br /> Farraare <br /> [[File:Mars symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♂}}]] || 5 <br /> Cirjeex <br /> [[File:Jupiter symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♃}}]] || 6 <br /> Raage <br /> [[File:Saturn symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♄}}]] || 7 <br /> Uraano <br /> [[File:Uranus symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♅}}]] || 8 <br /> Docay <br /> [[File:Neptune symbol.svg|14px|{{unicode|♆}}]] |} [[Qarni|Qarniga 21aad]] wuxuu ku bilaabmay ayadoo aqoon fiican loo leeyahay meerayaasha, dayaxyada, qoraxda, dunida yar, asteroidska, iyo dhamaan walxaha ku dhex jira [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu|Bahda Midaysay Qorraxdu]]. Sidoo kale, waxaa muran adag ka aloosmay in [[Buluuto]] ay ka mid ahaato meerayaasha iyo in loo aqoonsado duni yar. Ugu dambayn sanadkii 2006da waxaa la isla af-gartey in buluuto loo yaqaano duni yar, taasi oo tirada meerayaasha bahda midaysay qorraxda ka dhigeeysa [[sideed|siddeed meere]] (Waxaraxir, Dusaa, Dhulka, Farraare, Cirjeex, Raage, Uraano iyo Docey).<ref>Lyttleton Raymond A., 1936, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, volume 97, 108, On the possible results of an encounter of Pluto with the Neptunian system</ref> Dhinaca kale, maadaama teknoolajiyada [[ilbaxnimo|ilbaxnimada]] [[dad]]ku horumartey waxaa la sameeyay teleskoobyo waawayn oo lagu fiirinayo ''baho qoraxyeedyo'' kale, galaagsiyo kale iyo dhaamaan xidigaha ku baahsan [[koon]]ka. Sidoo kale, wakhtigan waxaa la dul tagay [[dayax]]a, [[dayaxgacmeed]]yo iyo satelaatyo ayaa hawada loo direy, dayaxgacmeed isagu ismaamulaya ayaa [[Farraare]] lagu dejiyay, xidigo badan iyo galaagsiyo badana waa la magacaabay.<ref>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, volume 52, 565–594 Whipple Fred, 1964, The History of the Solar System</ref> = Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay = Marka la tixraaco Midowga Caalamiga ee Cilmi Fallaga (International Astronomical Union) oo loo soo gaabiyo (IAU) waxa jira [[sideed|8 meere]] iyo [[shan|5 duni yar]] oo la aqoonsan yahay ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay|Bahda Qorraxdu Midaysay]]. Ayagoo ka sii fogaanaya dhanka [[Qorax|Qorrax]]da meerayaashu waa: # [[File:Mercury symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|☿}}]] '''[[Dusaa]]''' # [[File:Venus symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|♀}}]] '''[[Waxaraxir]]''' # [[File:Earth symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|🜨}}]] '''[[Dhul]]ka''' # [[File:Mars symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|♂}}]] '''[[Farraare]]''' # [[File:Jupiter symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|♃}}]] '''[[Cirjeex]]''' # [[File:Saturn symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|♄}}]] '''[[Raage]]''' # [[File:Uranus symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|⛢}}]] '''[[Uraano]]''' # [[File:Neptune symbol (bold).svg|14px|{{unicode|♆}}]] '''[[Docay]]''' Cirjeex waa kan ugu [[mug]]a wayn leh, in u dhiganta 318 muga dhulka, halka Waxaraxir yahan kan ugu cufka yar, tiro u dhiganta 0.055 muga dhulka.<ref>[http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50180718?query_type=word&queryword=planet; Oxford English Dictionary, planet, n 2007, Note: select the Etymology tab]</ref> Dhanka kale, meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay|Bahda Qorraxdu Midaysay]] waxaa loo qaybin karaa guutooyin ayadoo lagu saleeynayo walxaha ay ka kooban yihiin: * '''[[Meere Dhagaxley]]''': waa meerayaasha la midka ah dhulka, kuwaas oo leh jidh ka samaysan [[dhagax]]aan, waxayna kala yihiin: Waxaraxir, Dusaa, Dhulka iyo Farraare. Waxaraxir waa midka ugu muga iyo miisaanka yar isla markaana ugu jidhka yar dhamaan [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay|Bahda Qorraxdu Midaysay]], halka dhulku yahay kan ugu wayn meerayaasha dhagaxleyda ah.<ref>Planet Quest: The Epic Discovery of Alien Solar Systems, K. Croswell, The Free Press, 1997, 57, 978-0-684-83252-4</ref> * '''[[Neefaha Waawayn]]''': kuwani waa meerayasha inta ugu badan ka samaysan [[isku dhis]]yo [[neef]]o ah, sida caadiga ahna way ka wayn yihiin [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ah, waana: Cirjeex, Raage, Uraano iyo Docay. Meeraha Cirjeex waa kan ugu wayn dhamaan meerayaasha bahda qoraxdu midaysay. ** '''[[Baraf|Barafley Waawayn]]''', inta u dhexaysa Uraano iyo Docay waxaa jira neefo waawayn oo ka duwan kuwa aan kor ku soo sheegnay sababtoo ah waxay leeyihiin miisaan iyo cuf aad uga hooseeya kuwa kale.<ref>Lyttleton Raymond A. 1936 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, volume 97, 108, On the possible results of an encounter of Pluto with the Neptunian system</ref> * '''[[Duni|Duni yar]]''': kuwani waa meerayaal aad u yaryar oo sanadkii 2006da loo aqoonsaday in lagu magacaabo ''Dwarf Planets'', waxaana ka mid ah Ceres, Bluto, Haumea, Makemake iyo Eris.<ref>[http://www.gps.caltech.edu/%7Embrown/dps.html Astronomer Mike Brown Gps.caltech.edu]</ref> == Qoraxda == [[File:Planets_and_sun_size_comparison.jpg|thumb|Qoraxda marka la barbar dhigo xajmiga meerayaasha.]] [[Qorax|Qorrax]]du (sun) waa [[xidig|xiddig]]ta iftiimisa, kulaylka gaadhiisa isla markaana [[cufisjiidad]] ku heeysa dhamaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay|Bahda Qorraxdu Midaysay]]. Miisaanka iyo cufka qoraxdu wuxuu la mid yahay 332,900 kan meeraha [[dhul]]ka.<ref>Miisaanka iyo cufka qoraxdu wuxuu la mid yahay 332,900</ref> Sidoo kale, bu'da dhexe ee qoraxda waxaa ka yimaada [[heerkul]]ka, falaadhaha radiationka, elektaromagnetik radiation, iyo 400 ilaa 700 nm oo falaadhaha [[ileys]]ka muuqda ah. Caddaymo la arkey waxay xaqiijiyeen in barta qorraxdu ku taalo suurto gelisay in [[dhul]]ka ka jirto [[nolol]]i. [[File:Solar Life Cycle.svg|thumb|700px|center|wakhti dhan 14 bilyan sano oo muujinaya da'da Qoraxda. Hada Qoraxdu waxay jirtaa 4.6 bilyan sano, markeey gaadho 6 bilyan sano si tartiib ah ayay u casaani taas oo muujineeysa in awoodeedu soo yaraaneyso. Markey 10 bilyan sano gaadho weey cadaani dhamaanteed - markan qoraxdu weey dhimatey.]] Jiritaanka meerayashu waxay ku xidhan tahay nolosha [[qorax]]da. Haddii isbedel ku yimaado qoraxda nolosha dhulka iyo waxkasta weey doorsoomayaan. Sida la qiyaasayo, [[Hal]] [[bilyan]]<ref>[[Hal]] [[bilyan]] sano</ref> sano ka dib, midabka qoraxdu waa isbedeli iftiinkuna waa sii kordhi sababto ah [[Hiliyaam]]ta bu'da qoraxda ayaa sii kordheeysa taas oo keeni doonta in 10% kordho iftiinka, heerkulka iyo falaadhaha khatarta ah ee ka soo baxa qoraxda; halka 3.5 bilyan sano ka dib ay badan doonto 40%. [[Aqoon|Aqoonyahanada Cimiladu]] waxay sheegeen isbedelkaas [[Qorax|qoraxda]] ku yimid wakhtigaas sare u qaadi [[Ileys|ilayska halista]] ah ee "radiation" taas oo lumin doonto [[Bad|biyaha badaha]] dhulka. Wakhti yar gudaheed, waxaa kor u kici [[Heerkul|heerkulka]] oogada sare ee dhulka, sidoo kale isku-wareega [[Kaarboon|Kaarboon Ogsaydh CO₂]] oo muhiim u ah nolosha [[Dhir|dhirta]] ayaa jaha wareeri iskuna bedeli [[Kaarboon|Kaarbon afar (C4)]] oo [[sun]] ah.<ref>"[[Dhir|dhirta]] iskuna bedeli [[Kaarboon|Kaarbon afar (C4)]] oo [[sun]] ah."</ref> Dhirtu haday ka dhamaato dunida waxaa dhici in la waayo [[Hawo|hawada]] [[Ogsajiin]] midaas oo sababaysa dhimashada [[Noole|noolaha]] oo dhan. Hal bilyan sano oo kale kadib, heerkulka maqaarka sare ee dhulka wuxuu gaadhi, ugu yaraan, 70 degree Salsiyas midan oo jaho-wareer ku keenaysa miisaanka iyo cufis-jiidadka dunida. Midabka qoraxdu wuxu noqon casaan 5 bilyan sano ka dib, isla markaan gacanka qoraxdu wuxuu gaadhi meel ka badan 250 jeer meesha uu hada joogo. Wakhtigan lama hubo, sida dhulku noqon, laakiin waxa la og yahay in wareega dhulku isbedeli sababto ah aad ayuu uga fogaani qoraxda. Mudo yar ka dib, bu'da qoraxdu waxay isku bedeli cadaan bilaa [[kul]] iyo [[ileys]]<ref>"[[kul]] iyo [[ileys]] ah"</ref> ah, halkaas ayaana ugu dambeeysa isku xidhnaanta [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]. = Qeeybaha Meerayaasha = Sida [[Cilmi Fallag]]u sheegay [[Koon]]kan eeynu ku nool nahay waxa jira in ka badan bilyan meere, kuwaas oo ku baahsan geesaha [[Koon]]ka.<ref>Model of planetary motion in the works of Kerala astronomers, Ramasubramanian, K. Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India, 26, 11–31 [23–4], 1998</ref> [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] oo ah [[meere]]yaasha aan si fiican u naqaano waxay ka kooban yihiin 8 meere oo kala ah: [[File:4 Terrestrial Planets Size Comp True Color.png|thumb| Afarta Meere ee ugu dhow [[Qorax]]da: [[Dusaa]], [[Waxaraxir]], [[Dhul]]ka iyo [[Farraare]] ]] * [[Dusaa]] (''Mercury'') oo ah mida [[Qorax]]da ugu dhow, * [[Waxaraxir]] (''Venus'') oo ku xigta, * [[Dhul]]ka'' oo ah dunida aan ku nool nahay iyo * [[Farraare]] (''Mars'') oo ah meeraha kali ah ee u qaab-dhismeed dhow dunida aan ku nool nahay. Waxa jira baaxad weeyn oo u dhexeeysa 4 meere een soo sheegnay iyo inta kale. [[File:Solar System size to scale mul.svg|thumb| Xajmiga iyo miisaanka Meerayaasha ka tirsan [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]].]] Afarta meere ee ka dambeeya baaxada weeyn ee [[hawo]]oyinka iyo neefaha iyo dhagaxaanta ah waa meerayaasha xajmiga waaweeyn<ref>Raymond A., 1936 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 97, 108, On the possible results of an encounter of Pluto with the Neptunian system</ref> ee ka samaysan hawada iyo boodhka ee kala ah: * [[Cirjeex]] (''Jupiter'') waa meeraha oogu xajmi weeyn ''Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu'', * [[Raage]] (Saturn) waa meeraha labaad ee oogu xajmi weeyn [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]], wuxuuna leeyahay dariimo wareeg ah oo ku wareegsan, waana meeraha oogu dayaxa badan asagoo leh 32 [[dayax]] * [[Uraano]] (Uranus) iyo meeraha * [[Docay]] (Neptune). Sidoo kale waxaa jira aduunyooyin yar-yar oo dhamaantood [[baraf]], [[hawo]] iyo xoogaa caro ah ka samaysan; waxaana ka mid ah: * [[Bluto]] (''Pluto'') oo wakhtiyadii hore loo aqoonsanaan jirey in uu ka mid yahay [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]]. Meerayaashu weey kala xajmi duwan yihiin oo kala cimilo duwan yihiin. Meerayaasha qaar, sida [[Dusaa]] (Mercury) aad ayuu u kulul yahay maadaama qoraxda aad ugu dhow yahay. Halka [[meere]]yaasha qaar leeyihiin [[dayax]]yaal aad u faro badan, sida meeraha [[Raage]] ama '''Saturn''' wuxuu leeyahay 32 [[dayax]] oo ku wareega meerahaasi.<ref>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, volume 52, 565–594 , Whipple Fred, 1964, The History of the Solar System, issue 2</ref> == Meeraha dhexe == [[File:Telluric_planets_size_comparison.jpg|thumb|Meerayaasha dhexe. Ka soo biloow bidix ilaa midig:<br />[[Dhul]]ka, [[Farraare]], [[Dusaa]] iyo [[Waxaraxir]].<br />]] Afarta Meere ee u dhow [[qorax]]da, kuwaas oo loo yaqaano [[Meere Dhagaxley]] sababtoo ah waxay ka samaysan yihiin [[dhagax]]aan iyo [[macdan]]o<ref>[[dhagax]]aan iyo [[macdan]]o [[bir]]</ref> [[bir]] ah. Intooda u badan waxay leeyihiin tiro yar oo [[dayaxa meere|dayaxaan]] ah ama maba laha. Qaabdhismeedka jidhkoodu wuxuu ka samaysan yahay [[qolof dhul|oogo sare]] oo ka kooban macdanta [[Silikoon|silikates]], iyo biro ay ka mid yihiin [[aayron]] iyo [[nikel]] kuwaas oo sameeya [[Ubuc Dhul|ubucda]] dhexe ee meerahaasi. === Dusaa === : Meeraha [[Dusaa]] (mercury) waa kan ugu dhow [[qorax]]da (masaafo dhan 0.4 [[AU]] u jirta qoraxda),<ref>masaafo dhan 0.4 [[AU]] u jirta [[qorax]]da</ref> iyo kan ugu yar dhamaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] asagoo leh 0.55 muga [[dhul]]ka.<ref>Schenk P., Melosh H. J. (1994), ''Lobate Thrust Scarps and the Thickness of Mercury's Lithosphere'', Abstracts of the 25th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1994LPI....25.1203S</ref> : Meerahan Dusaa ma lahan wax [[dayaxa meere|dayax]] ah, waxaana lagu yaqaanaa in uu leeyahay [[Qolof dhul|oogo sare]] oo [[heerkul]]keedu aad u sareeyo isla markaana qani ku ah [[curiye]]yaasha [[bir]]ta sida [[aayron]], [[nikel]] iyo [[Silikon|salikaytis]].<ref>[http://www.nineplanets.org/mercury.html 2006, Bill Arnett, Mercury, The Nine Planets |url=|accessdate=2006-09-14}}</ref><ref>Benz, W., Slattery, W. L., Cameron, A. G. W. (1988), ''Collisional stripping of Mercury's mantle'', Icarus, v. 74, p. 516–528.]</ref><ref>Cameron, A. G. W. (1985), ''The partial volatilization of Mercury'', Icarus, v. 64, p. 285–294.</ref> === Waxaraxir === : Meeraha [[Waxaraxir]] (Venus) waa dunida labaad ee ugu dhow [[qorax]]da (masaafo dhan 0.7 [[AU]] u jirta qoraxda),<ref>"masaafo dhan 0.7 [[AU]] u jirta qoraxda"</ref> isla markaana waa mid aad ugu xajmi dhow [[dhul]]ka ayadoo leh 0.815 muga dhulka. : Sidoo kale, si la mid ah dhulka, meeraha Waxaraxir wuxuu leeyahay [[qolof dhul|oogo sare]] oo ka samaysan silikayte iyo [[Ubuc dhul|ubuc dhexe]] oo ka kooban [[bir]]ta aayron iyo nikel; iyo waliba [[cir]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070614202751/http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~bullock/Homedocs/PhDThesis.pdf Mark Alan Bullock, The Stability of Climate on Venus, Southwest Research Institute]</ref> sare oo hawooyin ku dahaaran tahay. : Meeraha Waxaraxir ma lahan wax dayax ah, aad ayuuna u qalalan yahay - taas macnaheedu waa [[biyo]] ma lahan. Intaas waxaa dheer, meerahan waa kan ugu kulul dhamaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] ayadoo leh [[salsiyas|400 °C]] (752&nbsp;°F).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070614202807/http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~bullock/Homedocs/Science2_1999.pdf Paul Rincon, Climate Change as a Regulator of Tectonics on Venus, Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM]</ref> === Dhulka === : Meeraha [[Dhul]]ka (earth) waa kan sadexaad ee qoraxda u dhow (masaafo dhan 1 [[AU]] u jira qoraxda), kan ugu wayn ee ugu culus [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ah. Sidoo kale, waa meeraha kali ah ee leh dhaqdhaqaaq jiyooloji iyo dunida kali ah eey ka jirto [[nolol]]<ref name=life>{{cite web |title=What are the characteristics of the Solar System that lead to the origins of life? |publisher=NASA Science (Big Questions) |url=http://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/big-questions/what-are-the-characteristics-of-the-solar-system-that-lead-to-the-origins-of-life-1/ |accessdate=2011-08-30 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2011-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915154635/http://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/big-questions/what-are-the-characteristics-of-the-solar-system-that-lead-to-the-origins-of-life-1/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> inta la ogyahay. Intaas waxaa dheer, dhulku waa meeraha kali ah ee leh [[biyo]] [[dareere]] ah dhamaan meerayaasha dhexe. : [[Cir]]ka sare ee dhulku waa mid ka duwan meerayaasha kale, waxaana ku dhex jira 21% [[ogsajiin]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Earth's Atmosphere: Composition and Structure |author=Anne E. Egger, M.A./M.S. |work=VisionLearning.com |url=http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?c3=&mid=107&l= |accessdate=2006-12-26 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2007-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070221231635/http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=107&l=&c3= |dead-url=yes }}</ref> bilaash ah, taasi oo taageertay [[nolol|nolosha]] ka dhex jirta ee [[xayawaan]]ka iyo [[dhir]]ta leh. : Meeraha dhulku wuxuu leeyahay hal [[dayax]] oo dabiici ah.<ref>[[xayawaan]]ka iyo [[dhir]]</ref> === Farraare === : Meeraha [[Farraare]] (mars) waa kan afaraad ee qoraxda ugu dhow (masaafo dherer dhan 1.5 [[AU]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100313020403/http://www.astrobio.net/news/modules.php?op=modload Modern Martian Marvels: Volcanoes? David Noever NASA Astrobiology Magazine]</ref> u jira qoraxda), isla mar ahaantaana waa mid waxyar ka yar dhulka ayadoo leh 0.107 muga dhulka. Cirkeedu wuxuu inta u badan ka kooban yahay [[Kaarbon|kaarbon labo ogsaydh]] iyo cadaadis dhan 6.1 millibars<ref>Encyclopaedia of the Solar System|editor=Lucy-Ann McFadden et al., Mars Atmosphere: History and Surface Interactions, David C. Gatling, Conway Leovy, 301–314, 2007}}</ref> taasi oo u dhiganta 0.6% cadaadiska dhulka. : Foolkaano aad u badan ayaa ka dhaca oogada sare ee Farraare, [[caro|carada]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141020111930/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&Display= Kids Mars: A Kid's Eye View, NASA]</ref> meerahani waa mid cas sababtoo ah waxaa ku badan [[macdan]]ta [[Aayron|aayron ogsaydh]] aad u [[daxal]]eysatey. : Meeraha Farraare wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa farraare|labo dayax]] oo dabiici ah, [[Deimos]] iyo [[Phobos]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Survey for Outer Satellites of Mars: Limits to Completeness, Scott S. Sheppard, David Jewitt, and Jan Kleyna, Astronomical Journa |url=http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |access-date=2014-01-15 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205126/http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Meerayaasha Baxsan == [[File:Gas_giants_in_the_solar_system.jpg|thumb|Kor ka soo biloow ilaa hoos:<br />[[Docay]], [[Uraano]], [[Raage]] iyo [[Cirjeex]]<br />.]] Afarta meere ee banaanka u baxsan waa meereyaasha [[Neefaha Waawayn]] ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]<ref>[[Neefaha Waawayn]] ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]</ref> kuwaas oo ah 99% walxaha ku wareega [[qorax]]da. [[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]] ayaa waxay yihiin tobanaan kun oo jeer miisaanka iyo muga [[dhul]]ka, waxayna ka samaysan yihiin [[isku dhis]]yo [[haydarojiin]] iyo [[hiliyaam]]. Dhanka kale, [[Uraano]] iyo [[Docay]] waxay leeyihiin 20 jeer laab muga dhulka waxayna ka samaysan yihiin [[macdan]]o dhalaali kara oo ka kooban [[baraf]].<ref>"[[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]]"</ref><ref>"[[isku dhis]]yo [[haydarojiin]] iyo [[hiliyaam]]"</ref> === Cirjeex === : Meeraha [[Cirjeex]] (Jupiter) waa meeraha shanaad ee [[qorax]]da ugu dhow (masaafo dherer dhan 5.2 [[AU]] u jira qoraxda) iyo 318 jeer muga dhulka. Wuxuu ka samaysan yahay meerahani [[isku dhis]]yo u badan [[haydarojiin]] iyo [[hiliyaam]]. : Dhinaca kale, meeraha Cirjeex waa kan ugu leh tirada ugu badan ee dayax asagoo leh [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|67 dayax]]. Afarta ugu wayn [[Io]], [[Ganymede]], [[Callisto]], iyo [[Europa]] waxay leeyihiin qaabdhismeed u dhow [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ah, sida foolkaanaha iyo gudo kulul.<ref>{{cite web |title=Geology of the Icy Galilean Satellites: A Framework for Compositional Studies |author=Pappalardo, R T |work=Brown University |year=1999 |url=http://www.agu.org/cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?&listenv=table&multiple=1&range=1&directget=1&application=fm99&database=%2Fdata%2Fepubs%2Fwais%2Findexes%2Ffm99%2Ffm99&maxhits=200&=%22P11C-10%22 |accessdate=2006-01-16 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2007-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165551/http://www.agu.org/cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?&listenv=table&multiple=1&range=1&directget=1&application=fm99&database=%2Fdata%2Fepubs%2Fwais%2Findexes%2Ffm99%2Ffm99&maxhits=200&=%22P11C-10%22 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ganymede oo ah satelaytka ugu wayn [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], ayaa wuxuu ka wayn yahay meeraha [[Waxaraxir]] (mercury). === Raage === : Meeraha [[Raage]] (saturn) waa meeraha lixaad ee [[qorax]]da ugu dhow (masaafo dherer dhan 9.5 [[AU]] u jira qoraxda) iyo 95 jeer muga dhulka. Meerahan waxaa lagu yaqaanaa dariimada goobo ee ku wareegsan taasi oo ka samaysan xoogaa [[baraf]] iyo saxaro [[dhagax]]aan ah, wuxuuna leeyahay 60% cufka Cirjeex, taasi oo ka dhigaysa meeraha ugu cufka yar dhamaan aduunyooyinka [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]].<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Density of Saturn, Fraser Cain, universetoday.com |url=http://www.universetoday.com/15322/density-of-saturn/ |access-date=2013-08-09 |archive-date=2013-08-09 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130809073643/http://www.universetoday.com/15322/density-of-saturn/ |dead-url=no }}</ref> : Meerahan Raage wuxuu leeyahay tirada labaad ee ugu badan dayaxyada taasi oo ah [[Dayaxa Raage|62 dayax]]. Labada dayax ee ugu wayn dayaxyada Raage, [[Titan]] iyo [[Enceladus]] waxay leeyihiin dhaqdhaqaaq jiyooloji inkastoo ay ka samaysan yihiin baraf iyo hawo.<ref>Kargel J. S., Cryovolcanism on the icy satellites, Earth, Moon, and Planets, 67, 101–113, 1994</ref> Titan oo ah satelite labaad ee ugu wayn wuxuu ka jidh wayn yahay meeraha [[Waxaraxir]]. === Uraano === : Meeraha [[Uraano]] waa kan todobaad ee qoraxda ugu dhow (asagoo u jira masaafo dhan 19.2 [[AU]]) iyo 14 jeer muga iyo miisaanka dhulka, kaasi oo ah kan ugu fudud dhamaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]. Uraano wuxuu leeyahay [[Ubuc dhul|ubuc dhexe]] oo ka qaboow badan [[Qolof dhul|oogada sare]].<ref>10 Mysteries of the Solar System, Astronomy Now, volume 19, pages 65, 2005</ref> : Meeraha Uraano wuxuu leeyahay tirada sadexaad ee ugu badan taasi oo dhan [[Dayaxa Uraano|27 dayax]], kuwa ugu waawayni waa [[Titania]], [[Oberon]], [[Umbriel]], [[Ariel]] iyo [[Miranda]]. === Docay === : Meeraha [[Docay]] (neptune) waa meeraha sideedaad ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] wuxuuna u jiraa [[qorax]]da masaafo dherer dhan 30 [[AU]], wuxuu leeyahay cuf iyo miisaan u dhigma 17 jeer laab cufka [[dhul]]ka.<ref>Post Voyager comparisons of the interiors of Uranus and Neptune, Podolak, M.; Reynolds, R. T.; Young, R, 1990, pages 1737, issue 10, vol. 17, Geophysical Research Letters</ref> : Meeraha Docay wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa Docay|4 dayax]] oo kan ugu wayn yahay [[Triton]] oo leh dhaqdhaqaaq jiyooloji firfircoon.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Plausibility of Boiling Geysers on Triton |author=Duxbury, N. S., Brown, R. H. |work=Beacon eSpace |year=1995 |url=http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/28034?mode=full |accessdate=2006-01-16 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2009-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426005806/http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/28034?mode=full |dead-url=yes }}</ref> == Duni Yar == Waxa jira tiro dhowr ah oo meereyaal yaryar ah kuwaas oo loo yaqaano [[Duni|duniyar]] waxaana ka mid ah [[Bluto]]. Dunida yar ee bluto waxy u jirtaa qoraxda masaafo dherer oo dhan [[AU|39 AU]] waana tan ugu wayn dhowrka duniyar ee la yaqaano, waxaana la helay [[sanad|sanadkii 1930kii]] ayadoo wakhtigaas laga dhigay [[meere|meeraha 9aad]] ee [[Bahda Qoraxda Midaysay]]. Ka dib, [[sanad|sanadkii 2006da]] ayaa laga saaray liiska meerayaasha ayadoo loo aqoonsaday in bluto tahay duniyar. == Qaab Dhismeedka == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center" |- !|Nooca !|Magaca !|Dhulbadhe <br /> balaca<ref group=lower-alpha name=relativeearth>Measured relative to Earth.</ref> !|[[Cuf|Cufka Meere]]<ref group=lower-alpha name=relativeearth /> !|[[Wareega Meere|Gacanka Wareega]] ([[Astronomical unit|AU]]) !|[[Wareega Meere|Wakhtiga Wareega]] <br /> (sanado)<ref group=lower-alpha name=relativeearth /> !|[[Wareega Meere|Meesha <br /> kaga beegay yahay Qoraxda]] (°) !|[[Wareega Meere|Wareega<br /> eccentricity]]<!--hyphen for small monitors--> !|[[Wareega Meere|Wareega Xariijintiisa]] <br /> (maalin) !|Confirmed <br /> [[Dayax|Dayaxa Dabiiciga]]{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=Confirmed|Jupiter has the most verified satellites (67) in the Solar System.<ref name="Sheppard">{{cite web |title=The Jupiter Satellite Page (Now Also The Giant Planet Satellite and Moon Page) |publisher=Carnegie Institution for Science |author=Scott S. Sheppard |url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/ |accessdate=2013-04-12 |date=2013-01-04 |authorlink=Scott S. Sheppard |archive-date=2009-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607094153/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} !|[[Wareega Meere|Goobo Meere]] !|[[Cir]]ka |- ! rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"|[[Meere Dhagaxley]] | style="text-align:left"|[[Waxaraxir]] | 0.382 | 0.06 | 0.31–0.47 | 0.24 | 3.38 | 0.206 | 58.64 | 0 | maya | aad u yar |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Dusaa]] | 0.949 | 0.82 | 0.72 | 0.62 | 3.86 | 0.007 | −243.02 | 0 | maya | [[Kaarboon|CO₂]], [[Nitrojiin|N₂]] |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Dhul]]ka<ref group=lower-alpha>See [[Earth]] article for absolute values.</ref> | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 7.25 | 0.017 | 1.00 | [[Dayax|1]]<!--Moon (Luna)--> | Maya | N₂, [[Ogsajiin|O₂]], [[Aargon|Ar]] |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Farraare]] | 0.532 | 0.11 | 1.52 | 1.88 | 5.65 | 0.093 | 1.03 | [[Dayaxa Farraare|2]]<!--Phobos and Deimos--> | maya | CO₂, N₂, Ar |- ! rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"|[[Neefaha Waawayn]] | style="text-align:left"|[[Cirjeex]] | 11.209 | 317.8 | 5.20 | 11.86 | 6.09 | 0.048 | 0.41 | [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|67]]<!--50 named, 67 verified, 67 known--> | [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|haa]] | [[Haydarojiin|H₂]], [[Hiliyaam|He]] |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Raage]] | 9.449 | 95.2 | 9.54 | 29.46 | 5.51 | 0.054 | 0.43 | [[Dayaxa Raage|62]]<!--53 named, 62 verified, ~200 known--> | [[Rings of Saturn|yes]] | H₂, He |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Uraano]] | 4.007 | 14.6 | 19.22 | 84.01 | 6.48 | 0.047 | −0.72 | [[Dayaxa Uraano|27]]<!--all known moons are named--> | [[Dayaxa Uraano|yes]] | H₂, He |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Docay]] | 3.883 | 17.2 | 30.06 | 164.8 | 6.43 | 0.009 | 0.67 | [[Dayaxa Docay|14]]<!--all known moons are named, with the exception of S/2004 N 1--> | [[Dayaxa Docay|haa]] | H₂, He |- ! rowspan="5" style="background:#def;"|[[Duni|Duni yar]] | style="text-align:left"|[[Ceres]] | 0.08 | 0.000&nbsp;2 | 2.5–3.0 | 4.60 | 10.59 | 0.080 | 0.38 | 0 | maya | midna |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Bluto]] | 0.18 | 0.002&nbsp;2 | 29.7–49.3 | 248.09 | 17.14 | 0.249 | −6.39 | [[Dayaxa Bluto|5]]<!--Charon, Styx, Nix, Kerberos, Hydra--> | maya | ku meel gaadh |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Haumea]] | 0.15×0.12×0.08 | 0.000&nbsp;7 | 35.2–51.5 | 282.76 | 28.19 | 0.189 | 0.16 | [[Dayaxa Haumea|2]]<!--Hi'iaka, Namaka--> | ? | ? |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Makemake]] |~0.12 |0.000&nbsp;7 |38.5–53.1 |309.88 |28.96 |0.159 | 0.32 | 0 | ? | ?<ref group=lower-alpha name=tempatm>Like Pluto, when near [[Apsis|perihelion]], a temporary atmosphere is suspected.</ref> |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Eris]] | 0.19 | 0.002&nbsp;5 | 37.8–97.6 | ~557 | 44.19 | 0.442 | ~0.3 | [[Dayax|1]]<!--Dysnomia--> | ? | ?<ref group=lower-alpha name=tempatm /> |} == Muuqaalka Guud == Muuqaalka meere waa mid ku xidhan awooda <ref>[[cuf]]ka iyo [[mug]]a ee ku taxan awooda [[cufisjiidad]]ka</ref> isla markaana keenta awood elektaromangantig isku haysa muuqaalka meere oo ka dhigtay mid goobo ah. Marka xadi go'an oo cuf ah uu ku xidhmo awooda cufisjiidadka oo u soo jiidta badhtanka walaxdaasi taasi ayaa keenta in sheygaasi yeesho qaab wareegsan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |title=Pluto and the Solar System |publisher=IAU |date= |accessdate=2013-08-01 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2011-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614202942/http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Dhamaan meerayaasha, xidigaha, dhagaxaanta waawayn, dunida yar iyo walxaha kale ee koonka dhex sabeeynaya waxay leeyihiin qaab dhismeed goobada u dhow, taasi ooy sabab u tahay isku soo jiidashada bu'da dhexe ee shegaas oo cufisjiidadku ku hayo badhtanka. == Samayska Gudaha == Meere kasta wuxuu ku bilaabmay marxalad [[dareere]] ah; samayska marka hore, sheeyada miisaanka culus, ee qarada adag leh waxay iskugu tagaan bu'da ama badhtanka ayadoo inta fudud soo marto korka sare isla markaana ku qaboowdo ka dibna adke noqoto. Sidaas darteed, meere kasta waa kala duwan yahay xubnaha ku jira ubucda ama qeybta dhexe.<ref name="Kepler20e-20111220">{{cite web |author=[[NASA|NASA Staff]] |title=Kepler: A Search For Habitable Planets – Kepler-20e |url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20e/ |date=20 December 2011 |publisher=[[NASA]] |accessdate=2011-12-23 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2013-01-26 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6DxnN7dw8?url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/kepler20e/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Dhinaca kale, [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ahi way ka duwan yihiin meerayaasha [[neefaha waawayn]]. Kuwa dhagaxleyda ahi waxay leeyihiin qolof adag oo ku dahaadhan iyo ubuc ka samaysan [[curiye]]yaal [[bir]] ah sida [[Aayron]], [[Nikel]] iyo iskudhisyo [[Silikoon]] ah, halka neefaha waawayni ku daboolan tahay daruur hawo iyo adke jilicsan ah.<ref name="Encyclopaedia">{{cite web |title=Interactive Extra-solar Planets Catalog |work=[[The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]] |url=http://exoplanet.eu/catalog.php |last=Schneider |first=Jean |date=16 January 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-15 }}</ref> == Wareega Meere == === Wareega Sanadle === Sida la isku waafaqay, dhamaan meerayaashu waxay ku wareegaan [[xidig]], taasi oo loo yaqaano ''wareega sanadle'' (orbiting). Tusaale ahaan, meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] dhamaantood waxay ku wareegaan [[qorax]]da, jiho la mid ah tan qoraxdu u ged-gedoonto (waa qaab la mid ah habka saacadu u wareegto "clockwise"). Ugu yaraan, hal meere, WASP-17b, oo aad inooga fog ayaa la arkey inuu u wareego jiho ka duwan tan xidigtiisu u gedoonto.<ref>Lyttleton, Raymond A., 1936, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 97, 108, On the possible results of an encounter of Pluto with the Neptunian system</ref> Wakhtiga ay meere ku qaadato inuu dhamaystiro hal wareeg oo uu ku soo duurayo qoraxda waxaa loo yaqaanaa ''[[sanad]]''. Hadaba sanadada meerayaashu way kala duwan yihiin taasi oo ku xidhan kolba masaafada iyo fogaanta uu u jiro qoraxda. Meeraha ugu fog masaafada qoraxda ayaa ugu sanad dheer isla markaana ugu socod gaaban sababtoo ah aad ayuu uga dheer yahay [[cufisjiidad]]ka qoraxdaasi. === Gedgedoonka Meere === Meere kasta wuxuu ku gedgedoomaa (rotate) xariijin udub-dhexaadkiisa ah taasi oon la arki karin. Gedoonkaasi meere oo ka soo bilaabma bari ilaa galbeed ayaa waxay keentaa [[maalin]]ta iyo [[habeen]]ka, sababtoo ah iftiinka qoraxda ayaa kolba dhinac ka mid ah meerahaais u muuqda.<ref>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, volume 52, pages 565–594, Whipple Fred, 1964, The History of the Solar System</ref> Inta u badan meerayaasha bahda qoraxdu midaysay waxay u soo gedoomaan hab waafaqsan wareega saacada, marka laga reebo meeraha Uraano oo asaga lagu wado in uu u gedoomo jiho lid ku ah wareega saacada. Gedgedoonka meerayaashu way kala duwan tahay, meeraha Dusaa waxay ku qaadataa dhowr saacadood inuu dhamaystiro gedoon xidhan, taasi oo ah habeen iyo maalinta Dusaa; halka meerayaasha waawayn ee neefta ah ay ku qaadato maalmo badan iney sameeyaan hal gedoon oo dhamaystiran.<ref>Planet Quest: The Epic Discovery of Alien Solar Systems, K. Croswell, The Free Press, 1997, 57</ref> == Cufusjiidadka == ==Cufka iyo Miisaanka== == Tirada Dayax ee Meeraha == [[File:Moons of solar system-en.svg|thumb|Dayax/Bil]] [[Dayaxa meere]] waa duni yar oo ka samaysan [[dhagax]]aan, [[neef]] iyo [[isku dhis]]yo kale taasi oo ku wareegta [[meere]]. Tusaale ahaan, [[dayax]]a meeraha [[dhul]]ka. Waxaa jira 173<ref>173 dayax oo ku meeraysta meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], iyo sideed kale oo ku wareega [[duni|dunida yaryar]]</ref> dayax oo ku meeraysta meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], iyo sideed kale oo ku wareega [[duni|dunida yaryar]]. Meereyaasha [[Waxaraxir]] iyo [[Dusaa]] ma lahan wax dayax ah, [[Dhul]]ku wuxuu leeyahay [[dayax|hal dayax]], meeraya afaraad [[Farraare]] wuxuu leeyahay labo dayax oo kala ah [[Fobos]] (Phobos) iyo [[Dheymos]] (Deimos).<ref>{{cite journal | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=52 |pages=565–594 |last=Whipple |first=Fred |year=1964 |bibcode=1964PNAS...52..565W |title= The History of the Solar System |doi= 10.1073/pnas.52.2.565 | pmid=16591209 | issue=2 | pmc=300311}}</ref> [[Neefaha Waawayn]] waxay leeyihiin tiro badan oo dayaxyo ah, kuwaas oo qaarkood le'eg yihiin xajmiga dayaxa [[dhul]]ka. Meeraha [[Cirjeex]]<ref>[[Cirjeex]] waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]</ref> waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], wuxuuna leeyahay [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|67 dayax]]. Waxaa ku xiga meeraha [[Raage]] oo leh tirada labaad ee ugu badan dhamaan sideeda meere ee bahda qoraxdu midaysay kuwaas oo ah [[dayaxa raage|62 dayax]]. Dhinaca kale, meeraha [[Uraano]] wuxuu leeyahay tirada sadexaad ee ugu badan bahda qoraxdu midaysay kuwaas oo dhan [[dayaxa uraano|27 dayax]].<ref name="Encyclopaedia"/> Meeraha [[Docay]] wuxuu leeyahay [[dayaxa docay|14 dayax]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, [[duni|duunyooyinka yar]] qaar ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin dayaxyo yaryar oo ku wareega ayaga. Dunida yar ee [[Ceres]]<ref>[[Ceres]] ma lahan wax dayax ah</ref> ma lahan wax dayax ah, laakiin dunida yar ee [[Bluto]]<ref>[[Bluto]] waxay [[dayaxa bluto|5 dayax]] oo wareega.</ref> waxay [[dayaxa bluto|5 dayax]] oo wareega. Sidoo kale, dunida yar ee [[Haumea]] waxay leedahay [[Dayaxa Haumea|2 dayax]], waxaa iyadna [[dayax|hal dayax]] leh dunida yar ee [[Eris]]. Waxaa la aaminsan yahay in dayaxyada qaar ay ka jirto [[nolol]], sida dayaxa [[Titan]] ee [[Cirjeex]] iyo bisha [[Triton]] ee meeraha [[Docay]], laakiin lama hubo ineey jirto midaasi.<ref name="almagest">{{cite journal |first=Bernard R. |last=Goldstein |title=Saving the phenomena: the background to Ptolemy's planetary theory | journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy |volume=28 |issue=1 |year=1997 |pages=1–12 |location=Cambridge (UK) |bibcode=1997JHA....28....1G}}</ref> === Dayaxa Dhulka === [[File:Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg|thumb|Dayaxa [[meere|meeraha]] [[Dhul]]ka.]] [[Dayax|Dayaxa dhulku]]<ref>[https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/was-life-created/the-living-planet/ The Living Planet]</ref> waa kan ugu weeyn<ref>weeyn dhamaan [[dayaxa meere|dayaxyada]] meereyaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]</ref> dhamaan [[dayaxa meere|dayaxyada]] meereyaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] kaas oo la odhan karo wuxuu ka wayn yahay meereyaasha yaryar qaarkood. Cufis-jiidadka u dhexeeya dhulka iyo dayaxa ayaa keena [[bad|mowjadaha badaha]], taas mi la mid ah ayaa keentay isku-xidhnaanshaha labadooda. Dayaxa oo ku socda xawaare dhan 1.022 kilomitir ilbiriqsigiiba, ayaa waxay ku qaadataa [[maalin|27 maalmood]], [[saacad|7 saacadood]] iyo [[daqiiqad|43 daqiiqo]] in uu hal mar ku wareego dhulka. Dhinaca kale, isku wareega dayaxu (circumference) waa 10, 921 km; [[cuf]]kiisuna waa 2.1958 ×<br /><span>10¹⁰ km³</span> halka [[mug]]iisu yahay 7.3477 ×<br /><span>10²² kg</sup></span>. Maadaama dayaxa cirkiisu aad u khafiif yahay falaadhaha qoraxduna toos u soo taabtaan oogada dayaxa ayaa [[heerkul]]kiisu aad u sareeyaa ugu yaraan waa 100 Kalfin ugu badnaana wuxuu gaadhaa 390 K. Jidhka dayaxu wuxuu ka samaysan yahay [[Isku dhis|iskudhisyo]] kala duwan kuwaas oo u badan [[curiye]]yaasha kala ah: [[curiye|Argon]], [[Hiliyaam]], [[Sodhiyaam]], [[Botashiyaam]], [[Haydarojiin]] iyo ''Raadon''. Markii ugu horeeysay taariikhda bani-aadamka, sanadkii 1959kii ayaa [[Dayax Gacmeed]] [[Ruush]]ku leeyahay tagay dayaxa. Ka dib, 1968dii ayaa qofkii ugu horeeyay cagaha saaray dayaxa kaas oo ka socday Dawladda [[Maraykan]]ka. Sanadkii 2004 wixii ka dambeeyay ayaa wadanada [[Jabaan]], [[Hindiya]], [[Shiinaha]] iyo [[Yurub]] saldhigyo ka sameeysteen dayaxa. Inkasto dayaxu lahayn [[cir|cir sare]] oo ka difaaca [[kul]]ka [[qorax]]da, cilmi baadhis la sameeyay waxay muujisay in dayaxu leeyahay [[biyo]] laga heli karo [[cidhif]]yada dayaxa iyo oogada sare dhexdeeda.<ref>Ptolemy's Almagest, Ptolemy, G. J. Toomer, Princeton University Press, 1998</ref> === Dayaxa Farraare === [[Meere]]ha [[Farraare]] (Mars) wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa meere|labo dayax]] oo kala ah [[Fobos]] (Phobos) iyo [[Dheymos]] (Deimos). === Dayaxa Cirjeex === [[File:Io_highest_resolution_true_color.jpg|thumb|dayaxa [[Io]] ee meeraha Cirjeex.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Cirjeex]]<ref>[[Cirjeex]] waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], wuxuuna leeyahay 67 dayax</ref> waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], wuxuuna leeyahay 67 dayax. Tirada dayaxyada ee meerahan Cirjeex aad ayay u badan tahay, dhamaantoodna aqoon fiican looma laha, laakiin kuwa ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah: * '''[[Europa]]''' * '''[[Ganymede]]''' * '''[[Io]]''' * '''[[Callisto]]''' === Dayaxa Raage === [[File:Two_Halves_of_Titan.png|thumb|dayaxa [[Titan]] ee meeraha Raage.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Raage]]<ref>[[Raage]] waa kan labaad ee leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]</ref> waa kan labaad ee leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], wuxuuna leeyahay [[Dayaxa raage|62 dayax]]. Tirada dayaxyada ee meerahan Raage aad ayay u badan tahay, dhamaantoodna aqoon fiican looma laha, laakiin kuwa ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah: * '''[[Titan]]''' * '''[[Iapetus]]''' * '''[[Enceladus]]''' * '''[[Tethys]]''' * '''[[Mimas]]''' * '''[[Hyperion]]''' * '''[[Dione]]''' * '''[[Phoebe]]''' * '''[[Janus]]''' * '''[[Epimetheus]]''' * '''[[Prometheus]]''' === Dayaxa Uraano === [[File:Titania (moon) color cropped.jpg|thumb|dayaxa [[Titania]] ee meeraha Uraano.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Uraano]]<ref>[[Uraano]] (Uranus) wuxuu leeyahay tirada sadexaad ee ugu badan bahda qoraxdu midaysay</ref> (Uranus) wuxuu leeyahay tirada sadexaad ee ugu badan bahda qoraxdu midaysay kuwaas oo dhan [[Dayaxa Uraano|27 dayax]]. Meerahan Uraano wuxuu leeyahay tiro badan oo dayaxyo ah, kuwaas waxaa ugu caansan: * '''[[Titania]]''' * '''[[Oberon]]''' * '''[[Umbriel]]''' * '''[[Miranda]]''' === Dayaxa Docay === [[File:Proteus_Voyager_2_croped.jpg|thumb|dayaxa [[Proteus]] ee meeraha Docay.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Docay]]<ref>[[Docay]] (Neptune) wuxuu leeyahay tirada afaraad ee ugu badan [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]</ref> (Neptune) wuxuu leeyahay tirada afaraad ee ugu badan [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] kuwaas oo dhan [[Dayaxa docay|14 dayax]]. Meerahan Docay wuxuu leeyahay tiro badan oo dayaxyo ah, kuwaas waxaa ugu caansan: * '''[[Proteus]]''' * '''[[Triton]]''' = Meerayaasha Koonka = [[File:Telluric planets size comparison.jpg|thumb| Afarta Meere ee ugu dhow [[Qorax]]da: [[Dusaa]], [[Waxaraxir]], [[Dhul]]ka iyo [[Farraare]] ]] = Aqoonta Aadamaha ee Koonka = Sawiraan ka kooban xubnaha [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] iyo sharaxaada xajmiga [[Meere]]yaasha iyo [[dayax]]yadooda. [[Qorax]]da in ka badan 10,000 oo jeer ayay ka weeyn tahay isla markaana 41 trillion ayay ka mug iyo cuf weeyn tahay dhamaantood.<ref>[http://books.google.com/?id=7yUAmmqHHEgC&pg=PR4 John Burnet Greek philosophy: Thales to Plato, 1950 Macmillan and Co., 7–11]</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-weight: margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;" |+ Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu |- style="background: black;" | | [[File:Jupiter by Cassini-Huygens.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Saturn during Equinox.jpg|center|100x100px]] <!-- [[File:Saturn (planet) large.jpg|center|100x100px]]--> | [[File:Uranus2.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated.png|center|100x100px]] | [[File:The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Venus-real.jpg|100x100px]] |- | [[Qorax]]<br /><small>(Xidig)</small> | [[Cirjeex]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Raage]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Uroono]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Docey]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Dhul]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Waxaraxir]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Mars Hubble.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Ganymede g1 true 2.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Two Halves of Titan.png|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Mercury in color - Prockter07-edit1.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Callisto.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Io highest resolution true color.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:FullMoon2010.jpg|center|100x100px]] |- | [[Farraare]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Ganymede (dayax)|Ganymede]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Cirjeex)</small> | [[Titan (dayax)|Titan]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Dusaa (meere)|Dusaa]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Callisto (dayax)|Callisto]]<br /><small>(dayax Cirjeex)</small> | [[Io (dayax)|Io]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Cirjeex)</small> | [[Dayax]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Dhulka)</small> |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Europa-moon.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Neptune’s Moon Triton Fosters Rare Icy Union (gemini1903a) (square crop).jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Titania (moon) color cropped.jpg|center|110x110px]] | [[File:PIA07763 Rhea full globe5.jpg|center|110x110px]] | [[File:Voyager 2 picture of Oberon.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Iapetus as seen by the Cassini probe - 20071008.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:PIA00040_Umbrielx2.47.jpg|center|100x100px]] |- | [[Europa (dayax)|Europa]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Cirjeex)</small> | [[Triton (dayax)|Triton]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Docey)</small> | [[Titania (dayax)|Titania]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uraano)</small> | [[Rhea (moon)|Rhea]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Oberon (moon)|Oberon]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> | [[Iapetus (moon)|Iapetus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Umbriel (moon)|Umbriel]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Ariel in monochrome.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Dione (Mond) (30823363).jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Inset-sat tethys-large.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Ceres - RC3 - Haulani Crater (22381131691) (cropped).jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Vesta_full_mosaic.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Enceladus from Voyager.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Miranda.jpg|center|100x100px]] |- | [[Ariel (moon)|Ariel]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> | [[Dione (moon)|Dione]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Tethys (moon)|Tethys]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Ceres (meere yar)|Ceres]]<br /><small>(meere yar)</small> | [[4 Vesta|Vesta]]<br /><small>(asteroid)</small> | [[Enceladus (moon)|Enceladus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Miranda (moon)|Miranda]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Proteus Voyager 2 croped.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Mimas moon.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Hyperion in natural colours.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Phoebe cassini.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:PIA12714 Janus crop.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:PIA09813 Epimetheus S. polar region.jpg|center|100x100px]] | [[File:Prometheus 12-26-09a.jpg|center|100x100px]] |- | [[Proteus (moon)|Proteus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Docey)</small> | [[Mimas (moon)|Mimas]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Hyperion (moon)|Hyperion]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Phoebe (moon)|Phoebe]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Janus (moon)|Janus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Epimetheus (moon)|Epimetheus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Prometheus (moon)|Prometheus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> |- | colspan="7"| {{navbar|SolarSummary}} |- |} = Nolosha Ka Jirta Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay = Ilaa iyo hada inta la ogyahay meeraha kali ah ee nolol ka jirto waa meeraha dhulka. Nolosha meeraha dhulka oo guud ahaan loo yaqaano "biosphere", ayaa waxa la aaminsan yahay ineey bilaabantay (qiyaastii) [[bilyan|3.5 bilyan sanno]] ka hor. Dhulku wuxuu hooy u yahay malaayiin nooc oo [[noole]] ah, kaas ooy ka mid yihiin ''Aadamuhu''. Ilaha [[Macdan]]ta iyo habka is-daba-wareega [[biyo|biyaha]] ayaa ah mid u gaar ah meerahan isla markaana suurto gal ka dhigey ineey taageerada noolaha degan dhulka. == Raadinta Nolol kale == = Xigasho = {{Reflist}} {{Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay}} [[Category:Cilmi Falag]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Cilmiga Xidigaha]] [[Category:Xiddigis]] [[Category:Cilmi Fallag]] [[Category:Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] [[Category:Meere]] [[Category:Koon]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Ilbaxnimo]] [[Category:Dhul]] [[Category:Juquraafi]] [[Category:Noole]] [[Category:Nolol]] 360kk7xjhnjslfnhnne0lacvek49kd2 10 11306 309197 117366 2026-09-23T05:01:06Z Isma4l 41797 309197 wikitext text/x-wiki [{{GEOnet name search|{{{2|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}} {{{2|{{PAGENAME}}}}}] at [[GEOnet Names Server]]<noinclude>{{Documentation}} </noinclude> tv6p70qb5wlo46fcsaotvpahsizsbce 0 12205 309114 305861 2026-09-23T01:05:35Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309114 wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Qoraxda iyo meerayaasha ku wareega. Bogag kale fiiri [[meere]] {{Infobox planetary system | title = Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay | image = [[File:Solar System True Color SO.png|upright=2|frameless]] | image_alt = A representative image of the Solar System with sizes but not distances to scale | caption = [[Qorax]]da iyo [[meere]]yaasha ku wareega. | age = 4.568 bilyan sano | location = Gees kaga taala Milky Way Galaxy | system_mass = 1.0014 cufka qoraxda | neareststar = Proxima Centauri, u jirta 4.22 iftiin-qorax; Alpha Centauri u jirta 4.37 iftiin-qorax | nearestplanetary = Alpha Centauri system{{nbsp|2}}(4.37 ly) | semimajoraxis = {{nowrap|30.10 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]{{nbsp|2}}{{smaller|(4.503 bilyan km)}}}} | Kuiper_cliff = 50 AU | stars = 1{{nbsp|2}}{{smaller|([[Qorax]])}} | noknown_stars = yes | planets = 8{{smaller|{{hlist|8&nbsp;([[Dusaa]]|[[Waxaraxir]]|[[Dhul]]|[[Farraare]]|<br>[[Cirjeex]]|[[Raage]]|[[Uraano]]|[[Docay]])}}}} | outerplanetname = [[Docay]] | noknown_planets = haa | dwarfplanets = {{longitem|Ilaa dhowr boqol nooc;<ref>[http://www.mikebrownsplanets.com/2011/08/free-dwarf-planets.html Mike Brown Free the dwarf planets! August 23, 2011 "Mike Brown's Planets]</ref><br>hada waxa jira 5 ay aqoonsan tahay ururka "IAU" {{smaller|{{hlist|(Keres|[[Bluto]]|[[Haumea]]|[[Makemake]]|Eris)}}}} }} | satellites = {{longitem|450 {{hlist|{{smaller|(173 meere<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/ |title=The Giant Planet Satellite and Moon Page |author=Sheppard, Scott S. |publisher=Departament of Terrestrial Magnetism at Carniege Institution for science |accessdate=2015-09-05 |archive-date=2009-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607094153/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} |{{smaller|279 meere yar<ref>{{cite web|date=2015-08-15 |title=Asteroids with Satellites |publisher=Johnston's Archive |author=Wm. Robert Johnston |url=http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html |accessdate=2015-09-05}}</ref>)}}}}}} | minorplanets = 690,766{{nbsp|2}}{{smaller|(ka biloow 2015-09-05)<ref>{{cite web|title=How Many Solar System Bodies |publisher=NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics |url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?body_count |accessdate=2015-09-05}}</ref>}} | comets = 3,358{{nbsp|2}}{{smaller|(wakhtiga 2015-09-05)}} | roundsat = 19 | roundsatlink = List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System#Satellite planemos | inclination = 60.19°{{nbsp|2}}{{smaller|(ecliptic)}}<!---If anyone can find a cited value for the inclination of the Solar System's invariable plane to the galactic plane, please replace this value---> | galacticcenter = 27,000&thinsp;±&thinsp;1,000 ly | orbitalspeed = 220 km/s | orbitalperiod = 225–250 Myr | spectral = G2V | frostline = ≈5 AU<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Mumma | first1 = M. J. | last2 = Disanti | first2 = M. A. | last3 = Dello Russo | first3 = N. | last4 = Magee-Sauer | first4 = K. | last5 = Gibb | first5 = E. | last6 = Novak | first6 = R. | doi = 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00578-7 | title = Remote infrared observations of parent volatiles in comets: A window on the early solar system | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_advances-in-space-research_2003-06_31_12/page/2563 | journal = Advances in Space Research | volume = 31 | issue = 12 | pages = 2563 | year = 2003 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref> | heliopause = ≈120 AU | hillsphere = ≈1–2 ly }} [[File:Ecliptic plane 3d view.gif|thumb| 3D muujinaya wareega [[Farraare]], [[Dhul]]ka, [[Waxaraxir]] iyo [[Dusaa]] ku sameeyaan [[Qorax]]da]] {| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; clear:middle; float:middle; margin:10px" |- style="background:#ccf; font-size:smaller;" |+ Meerayaasha 1854–1930, 2006–wakhti xaadirkan |- style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;" | 1 <br /> [[Dusaa]] <br /> [[File:Mercury symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|☿}}]] || 2 <br /> [[Waxaraxir]] <br /> [[File:Venus symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♀}}]] || 3 <br /> [[Dhul]]ka <br /> [[File:Earth symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|🜨}}]] || 4 <br /> [[Farraare]] <br /> [[File:Mars symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♂}}]] || 5 <br /> [[Cirjeex]] <br /> [[File:Jupiter symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♃}}]] || 6 <br /> [[Raage]] <br /> [[File:Saturn symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♄}}]] || 7 <br /> [[Uraano]] <br /> [[File:Uranus symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|⛢}}]] || 8 <br /> [[Docay]] <br /> [[File:Neptune symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♆}}]] |} '''Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu''' ({{lang-en|Solar System}}; {{lang-ar|المجموعة الشمسية}}) waa [[qorax]]da, [[Meere|8da meere]], [[Dayaxa meere|dayaxyo]] badan oo ku wareega meereyaasha, dhowr [[duni]]yar iyo tiro badan oo [[dhagax]]aan, [[baraf]] iyo [[hawo]]ooyin ah; kuwaas oo dhammaantood ku [[Wareega Meere|wareega]] [[qorax]]da oo badhtanka ku taala. Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay waxay ka tirsan tahay nidaamka [[Galaagsi]]yada ee loo yaqaan '''The Milky Way'''. Waxaana la sheegaa in meerayaasha, dayaxyada, dunidayar iyo dhammaan walxaha ku jira bahdan ay sameeysmeen [[wakhti]] hada laga joogo [[bilyan|4.5 bilyan]] oo [[sanad|sano]] ka hor.<ref>{{cite web |year=2001 |title=Working Group on Extrasolar Planets (WGESP) of the International Astronomical Union |work=IAU |url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/boss/definition.html |accessdate=2008-08-23 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2006-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060916161707/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/boss/definition.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Inta ugu badan [[cuf]]ka iyo [[mug]]u waxaa laga dhex helaa [[qorax]]da oo ugu wayn dhammaantood, iyo [[meere|meeraha]] [[Cirjeex]] oo ugu wayn meerayaasha sideeda ah. [[Afar|Afarta meere]] ee u dhow qoraxda - [[Waxaraxir]], [[Dusaa]], [[Dhul]]ka iyo [[Farraare]] - kuwaas oo loo yaqaano [[Meere Dhagaxley]], waxay inta ugu badan ka samaysan yihiin [[bir]]. Dhinaca kale, afarta meere ee banaanka u baxsan ee loo yaqaano [[Neefaha Waawayn]] - [[Cirjeex]], [[Raage]], [[Uraano]] iyo [[Docay]] - kuwaas oo aad uga [[jidh]] iyo xajmi wayn meerayaasha dhagaxleyda ah, waxay ka samaysan yihiin [[neef]]o.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |title=Pluto and the Solar System |publisher=IAU |date= |accessdate=2013-08-01 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2011-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614202942/http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Labada meere ee ugu xajmiga wayn bahda midaysay qoraxdu, [[Cirjeex]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Interactive Extra-solar Planets Catalog |work=[[The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]] |url=http://exoplanet.eu/catalog.php |last=Schneider |first=Jean |date=16 January 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-15 }}</ref> iyo [[Raage]], waxay ka kooban jihiin [[curiye]]ha [[haydarojiin]] iyo [[hiliyaam]], labada ku sii xiga ee [[Uraano]] iyo [[Docay]] waxay ka samaysan yihiin sheeyo [[milan|dhalaali]] kara oo inta ugu badan ah [[baraf]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, bahda qoraxdu midaysay waxay leedahay deegaano ay ka buuxaan walxo yaryar. Tusaale ahaan, suunka asteroidska ee u dhaxaysa Farraare iyo Cirjeex, si la mid ah [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ah, waxaa ka dhex buuxa sheeyo yaryar oo ka samaysan [[bir]] iyo [[dhagax]]aan. [[Meere]]ha [[Docay]] xadka ka dambeeya oo loo yaqaano '''Suunka Kuiber''' (Kuiper Belt) waxaa laga helaa duniyo yaryar oo la qaab ah Docay. Meeshan waxaa ku jira in ka badan toban kun (10,000) oo sheey kuwaas oo hadii ay aad u waynaan lahaayeen aygu isku wareegi lahaa. Dunida yaryar ee ka dambeeysa Docay ee ku dhex jira suunka kubier waxaa ka mid ah asteroidka [[Ceres]], [[Bluto]] iyo [[Eris]]. Lix ka mid ah [[meere]]yaasha, iyo ugu yaraan 3 ka mid ah dunidayar, iyo sheeyo yaryar oo kale waxaa ku wareega walxyo ka yar ayaga kuwaas oo loo yaqaano [[Dayaxa meere]]. Meeraha [[Cirjeex]] ayaa ugu dayax badan, ayadoo leh tiro dhan [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|67 dayax]]. ==Taariikhda Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay== [[Dad]]ku waxay waligoodba jeclaayeen ineey fahmaan isla markaana ogaadaan in [[duni|duunyooyin]] kale oo sida [[dhul]]ka ah jiraan. [[Shan|Shan meere]] ([[qorax]]da, [[dayax]]a, [[dusaa]], [[waxaraxir]], [[farraare]], [[cirjeex]] iyo [[raage]]) oo [[il|isha]] lagu arki karo ayaa aqoon yar loo lahaa tan iyo [[qarni|tobanaan qarni]] ka hor, kuwaas oo saamayn ku lahaa [[dad]]kii wakhigaas noolaa. Wakhtiyadii hore dadka [[xidigyahan]]ada ahaa waxay aqoon u lahaayeen sida iftiino gaar ahi [[cir]]ka u dhex maraan, [[xidig]]aha qaar wakhtiyada ay soo baxaan, kuwaas ooy u isticmaali jireen ineey ku safraan oogada dhulka iyo [[badweyn|badaha waawayn]] dhexdooda. Ilbaxnimooyinkii hore, sida Giriiga, [[Shiinaha]], Baabiloon (Babylon) iyo kuwo kaleba waxay aaminsanaayeen in [[dhul]]ku badhtan u yahay dhammaan [[koon]]ka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/planet |title=Definition of planet |publisher=Merriam-Webster OnLine |accessdate=2007-07-23}}</ref> ===Baabiloon=== Ilbaxnimadii ugu horeeysay ee yeelata aqoon iyo fahan meerayaasha waxay ahayd [[Baabiloon]] (babylon) oo ku dhex taalay [[Mesobotaamiya]][[Babylon]], and indeed all pre-modern civilizations,<ref>{{cite journal |first=Otto E. |last=Neugebauer |year=1945 |title=The History of Ancient Astronomy Problems and Methods |journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=1–38 |doi=10.1086/370729}}</ref> wakhtiyadii u dhaxaysay [[sanad|2'000 sano]] ilaa [[sanad|1'000 sano]] ciise hortiis. Qoraalo duug ah oo ku beegan [[sanad|700 sano]] ciise hortii kuwaas oo ka hadhay ilbaxnimadii Baabiloon waxa ku xusan liiska dhowr meere uu ka mid yahay [[waxaraxir]]. Sidoo kale waxaa ku qornaa liiska socodka meereyaasha waxaraxir, dusaa, farraare, cirjeex iyo raage; iyo meelaha ay ka iftiimaan wakhtiga [[habeen]]kii iyo wakhtiyada la arki karo sanadka.<ref>Colin Ronan Astronomy in China, Korea and Japan, Walker, Astronomy Before the Telescope, p 264–265</ref> ===Boqortooyadii Hindiya=== Qiyaastii [[sanad|sanadkii 499]] ciise hortii ayaa [[xidigisyahan]] Aryabhata ee wadanka [[Hindiya]] sheegay in dhulku ku wareego xariijintiisa, taasi oo uu ku qeexay in wareega dhulku ka yimaado dhanka galbeed. Sidoo kale wuxuu aaminsanaa ineey jiraan tiro kale oo meerayaal ah, dhamantoodna ay ku wareegaan shay ka wayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ardey baranayay [[Cilmi Fallag]]a [[sanad|sanadkii 1500]] Nilakantha Somayaji ayaa sii horumariyey qaacidadii Aryabhata, asagoo ku daray in dhulku sameeyo wareeg dheer oo uu ku wareego udub dhexaad, iyo in meerayaasha kala ah [[Waxaraxir]], [[Dusaa]], [[Farraare]], [[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]] dhammaantood ku wareegaan [[qorax]]da. ===Dowladii Muslimiinta=== Horaantii [[qarni|qarnigii 11aad]] ayaa aqoonta iyo cilmiga dowladii Islaamiyiintu aad u horumarisey fahanka iyo adeegsiga [[Cilmi Fallag]]a. Waxaa jirey dugsiyo gaar u ah barashada cimiga xidigaha, kuwaas oo lagu baran jirey wakhtiyada iyo meelahay ay ka soo baxaan xidiguhu isla markaana safarleeydu u isticmaali jireen jiheeye ahaan.<ref>Holden James Herschel, A History of Horoscopic Astrology 1996 AFA</ref> Waxa la sheegaa in badhtamihii qarnigii 12aad [[xidigisyahan]] ibn Bajjah<ref>State Archives of Assyria Astrological reports to Assyrian kings Hermann Hunger 1992 Helsinki University Press</ref> uu sheegay inuu uu arkay labo meere oo waji madoow aadna ugu dhow [[qorax]]da, kuwaas oo uu horaantii qarnigii 13aad uu ku fasirey saynisyahan Qotb al-Din Shirazi ineey ahaayeen meerayaasha [[Waxaraxir]] iyo [[Dusaa]]. Taasi waxay muujineysaa heerka aqoonta fiican eey Muslimiinta wakhtigaas u lahaayeen cilmiga xidigaha iyo sida ay u isticmaali jireen. ===Reer Yurub=== Horaantii [[saynis|kacaankii sayniska]] ee [[qaarad]]a [[Yurub]]<ref>[[saynis|kacaankii sayniska]] ee [[qaarad]]a [[Yurub]]</ref> waxaa la fahmey in meerayaashu yihiin [[duni|duunyooyin]] dhisan lehna [[jidh]] la mid ah kan [[dhul]]ka. Aqoonyahanadii [[Cilmi Fallag]]u waxay isku keeneen cilmigii xidigaha ee dhammaan dunida ka jirey. Waxay ogaadeen in [[dayax]]a iyo [[qorax]]du<ref>[[dayax]]a iyo [[qorax]]da</ref> ka duwan yihiin meerayaasha kale, sidaas darteed waxay ku dareen liis ka duwan liiska meerayaasha. Horaantii [[qarni|qarnigii 17aad]] waxay heleen in meereyaasha [[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]] yihiin [[duni]] ka wayn dhulka. Tan iyo intii laga gaadhayay qarnigii 19aad fahanka iyo aqoonta xidigaha iyo meerayaashu way isa soo tarayeen. ===Qarnigii 19aad & 20aad=== Qarnigii 19aad dhexdiisa [[xidigisyahan]]adu waxay ogaadeen in duunyooyinka yaryar, sida [[Ceres]], Pallas iyo Vesta, aanay ahayn meere laakiin ay yihiin duni yar sidaas darteed wax lagu magacaabay ''Asteroids''. Sanadkii 1846dii waxaa la helay meeraha [[Docay]] (neptune) kaasi oo lagu daray liiska meerayaasha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horaantii qarnigii 20aad waxaa la helay dunida yar ee [[Buluuto]] (pluto) taasi oo wakhtigaas la aaminsanaa ineey ka xajmi weeyn tahay [[dhul]]ka, waxaana si dhakhso ah loogu aqoonsaday [[sagaal|meeraha 9aad]]. ===Qarnigii 21aad=== [[Qarni|Qarniga 21aad]] wuxuu ku bilaabmay ayadoo aqoon fiican loo leeyahay meerayaasha, dayaxyada, qoraxda, dunida yar, asteroidska, iyo dhammaan walxaha ku dhex jira [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]]. Sidoo kale, waxaa muran adag ka aloosmay in [[Buluuto]] ay ka mid ahaato meerayaasha iyo in loo aqoonsado duni yar. Ugu dambayn sanadkii 2006da waxaa la isla af-gartey in buluuto loo yaqaano duni yar, taasi oo tirada meerayaasha bahda midaysay qoraxda ka dhigeeysa [[sideed|sideed meere]] (Waxaraxir, Dusaa, Dhulka, Farraare, Cirjeex, Raage, Uraano iyo Docey). Dhinaca kale, maadaama teknoolajiyada [[ilbaxnimo|ilbaxnimada]] [[dad]]ku horumartey waxaa la sameeyay teleskoobyo waawayn oo lagu fiirinayo ''baho qoraxyeedyo'' kale, galaagsiyo kale iyo dhaamaan xidigaha ku baahsan [[koon]]ka. Sidoo kale, wakhtigan waxaa la dul tagay [[dayax]]a, [[dayaxgacmeed]]yo iyo satelaatyo ayaa hawada loo direy, dayaxgacmeed isagu ismaamulaya ayaa [[Farraare]] lagu dejiyay, xidigo badan iyo galaagsiyo badana waa la magacaabay. ==Tirada Meereyaasha== Marka la tixraaco Midowga Caalamiga ee Cilmi Fallaga (International Astronomical Union) oo loo soo gaabiyo (IAU) waxa jira [[sideed|8 meere]] iyo [[shan|5 duni yar]] oo la aqoonsan yahay ee Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay. Ayagoo ka sii fogaanaya dhanka [[Qorax]]da meerayaashu waa: # [[File:Mercury symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|☿}}]] '''[[Dusaa]]''' # [[File:Venus symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♀}}]] '''[[Waxaraxir]]''' # [[File:Earth symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|🜨}}]] '''[[Dhul]]ka''' # [[File:Mars symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♂}}]] '''[[Farraare]]''' # [[File:Jupiter symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♃}}]] '''[[Cirjeex]]''' # [[File:Saturn symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♄}}]] '''[[Raage]]''' # [[File:Uranus symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♅}}]] '''[[Uraano]]''' # [[File:Neptune symbol.svg|16px|{{unicode|♆}}]] '''[[Docay]]''' Cirjeex waa kan ugu [[mug]]a wayn leh, in u dhiganta 318 muga dhulka, halka Waxaraxir yahan kan ugu cufka yar, tiro u dhiganta 0.055 muga dhulka.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50180718?query_type=word&queryword=planet |publisher = Oxford English Dictionary | title = planet, n | accessdate=2008-02-07|year=2007}} ''Note: select the Etymology tab ''</ref> Dhanka kale, meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] waxaa loo qaybin karaa guutooyin ayadoo lagu saleeynayo walxaha ay ka kooban yihiin: * '''[[Meere Dhagaxley]]''': waa meerayaasha la midka ah dhulka, kuwaas oo leh jidh ka samaysan [[dhagax]]aan, waxayna kala yihiin: Waxaraxir, Dusaa, Dhulka iyo Farraare. Waxaraxir waa midka ugu muga iyo miisaanka yar isla markaana ugu jidhka yar dhammaan [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], halka dhulku yahay kan ugu wayn meerayaasha dhagaxleyda ah.<ref>{{cite book | title = Planet Quest: The Epic Discovery of Alien Solar Systems | url = https://archive.org/details/planetquestepicd0000cros |first = K. |last=Croswell |publisher = The Free Press |year = 1997 |page = [https://archive.org/details/planetquestepicd0000cros/page/57 57] |isbn = 978-0-684-83252-4}}</ref> * '''[[Neefaha Waawayn]]''': kuwani waa meerayasha inta ugu badan ka samaysan [[isku dhis]]yo [[neef]]o ah, sida caadiga ahna way ka wayn yihiin [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ah, waana: Cirjeex, Raage, Uraano iyo Docay. Meeraha Cirjeex waa kan ugu wayn dhammaan meerayaasha bahda qoraxdu midaysay. ** '''[[Baraf|Barafley Waawayn]]''', inta u dhexaysa Uraano iyo Docay waxaa jira neefo waawayn oo ka duwan kuwa aan kor ku soo sheegnay sababtoo ah waxay leeyihiin miisaan iyo cuf aad uga hooseeya kuwa kale.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Lyttleton |first=Raymond A. |year=1936 |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=97 |page=108 |title= On the possible results of an encounter of Pluto with the Neptunian system |bibcode=1936MNRAS..97..108L}}</ref> * '''[[Duni|Duni yar]]''': kuwani waa meerayaal aad u yaryar oo sanadkii 2006da loo aqoonsaday in lagu magacaabo ''Dwarf Planets'', waxaana ka mid ah Ceres, Bluto, Haumea, Makemake iyo Eris.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gps.caltech.edu/%7Embrown/dps.html |title=Astronomer Mike Brown |publisher=Gps.caltech.edu |accessdate=2011-11-04}}</ref> ===Qoraxda=== [[File:Planets_and_sun_size_comparison.jpg|thumb|Qoraxda marka la barbar dhigo xajmiga meerayaasha.]] [[Qorax]]du (sun) waa [[xidig]]ta iftiimisa, kulaylka gaadhiisa isla markaana [[cufisjiidad]] ku heeysa dhammaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]. Miisaanka iyo cufka qoraxdu wuxuu la mid yahay 332,900 kan meeraha [[dhul]]ka. Sidoo kale, bu'da dhexe ee qoraxda waxaa ka yimaada [[heerkul]]ka, falaadhaha radiationka, elektaromagnetik radiation, iyo 400 ilaa 700 nm oo falaadhaha [[ileys]]ka muuqda ah. Cadaymo la arkey waxay xaqiijiyeen in barta qoraxdu ku taalo suurto gelisay in [[dhul]]ka ka jirto [[nolol]]i. [[File:Solar Life Cycle.svg|thumb|upright=2|center|wakhti dhan 14 bilyan sano oo muujinaya da'da Qoraxda. Hada Qoraxdu waxay jirtaa 4.6 bilyan sano, markeey gaadho 6 bilyan sano si tartiib ah ayay u casaani taas oo muujineeysa in awoodeedu soo yaraaneyso. Markey 10 bilyan sano gaadho weey cadaani dhammaanteed - markan qoraxdu weey dhimatey.]] Jiritaanka meerayashu waxay ku xidhan tahay nolosha [[qorax]]da. Hadii isbedel ku yimaado qoraxda nolosha dhulka iyo waxkasta weey doorsoomayaan. Sida la qiyaasayo, [[Hal]] [[bilyan]] sano ka dib, midabka qoraxdu waa isbedeli iftiinkuna waa sii kordhi sababto ah [[Hiliyaam]]ta bu'da qoraxda ayaa sii kordheeysa taas oo keeni doonta in 10% kordho iftiinka, heerkulka iyo falaadhaha khatarta ah ee ka soo baxa qoraxda; halka 3.5 bilyan sano ka dib ay badan doonto 40%. [[Aqoon|Aqoonyahanada Cimiladu]] waxay sheegeen isbedelkaas [[Qorax|qoraxda]] ku yimid wakhtigaas sare u qaadi [[Ileys|ilayska halista]] ah ee "radiation" taas oo lumin doonto [[Bad|biyaha badaha]] dhulka. Wakhti yar gudaheed, waxaa kor u kici [[Heerkul|heerkulka]] oogada sare ee dhulka, sidoo kale isku-wareega [[Kaarboon|Kaarboon Ogsaydh CO₂]] oo muhiim u ah nolosha [[Dhir|dhirta]] ayaa jaha wareeri iskuna bedeli [[Kaarboon|Kaarbon afar (C4)]] oo [[sun]] ah. Dhirtu haday ka dhamaato dunida waxaa dhici in la waayo [[Hawo|hawada]] [[Ogsajiin]] midaas oo sababaysa dhimashada [[Noole|noolaha]] oo dhan. Hal bilyan sano oo kale kadib, heerkulka maqaarka sare ee dhulka wuxuu gaadhi, ugu yaraan, 70 degree Salsiyas midan oo jaho-wareer ku keenaysa miisaanka iyo cufis-jiidadka dunida. Midabka qoraxdu wuxu noqon casaan 5 bilyan sano ka dib, isla markaan gacanka qoraxdu wuxuu gaadhi meel ka badan 250 jeer meesha uu hada joogo. Wakhtigan lama hubo, sida dhulku noqon, laakiin waxa la og yahay in wareega dhulku isbedeli sababto ah aad ayuu uga fogaani qoraxda. Mudo yar ka dib, bu'da qoraxdu waxay isku bedeli cadaan bilaa [[kul]] iyo [[ileys]] ah, halkaas ayaana ugu dambeeysa isku xidhnaanta [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]. ===Meeraha Dhexe=== Afarta Meere ee u dhow [[qorax]]da, kuwaas oo loo yaqaano [[Meere Dhagaxley]] sababtoo ah waxay ka samaysan yihiin [[dhagax]]aan iyo [[macdan]]o [[bir]] ah. Intooda u badan waxay leeyihiin tiro yar oo [[dayaxa meere|dayaxaan]] ah ama maba laha. Qaabdhismeedka jidhkoodu wuxuu ka samaysan yahay [[qolof dhul|oogo sare]] oo ka kooban macdanta [[Silikoon|silikates]], iyo biro ay ka mid yihiin [[aayron]] iyo [[nikel]] kuwaas oo sameeya [[Ubuc Dhul|ubucda]] dhexe ee meerahaasi. [[File:Telluric_planets_size_comparison.jpg|thumb|Meerayaasha dhexe. Ka soo biloow bidix ilaa midig:<br />[[Dhul]]ka, [[Farraare]], [[Dusaa]] iyo [[Waxaraxir]].<br />]] ====Dusaa==== : Meeraha [[Dusaa]] (mercury) waa kan ugu dhow [[qorax]]da (masaafo dhan 0.4 [[AU]] u jirta qoraxda),<ref>masaafo dhan 0.4 [[AU]] u jirta [[qorax]]da</ref> iyo kan ugu yar dhammaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] asagoo leh 0.55 muga [[dhul]]ka.<ref>Schenk P., Melosh H. J. (1994), ''Lobate Thrust Scarps and the Thickness of Mercury's Lithosphere'', Abstracts of the 25th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1994LPI....25.1203S</ref> : Meerahan Dusaa ma lahan wax [[dayaxa meere|dayax]] ah, waxaana lagu yaqaanaa in uu leeyahay [[Qolof dhul|oogo sare]] oo [[heerkul]]keedu aad u sareeyo isla markaana qani ku ah [[curiye]]yaasha [[bir]]ta sida [[aayron]], [[nikel]] iyo [[Silikon|salikaytis]].<ref>{{cite web |year=2006 |author=Bill Arnett |title=Mercury |work=The Nine Planets |url=http://www.nineplanets.org/mercury.html |accessdate=2006-09-14}}</ref> ====Waxaraxir==== : Meeraha [[Waxaraxir]] (Venus) waa dunida labaad ee ugu dhow [[qorax]]da (masaafo dhan 0.7 [[AU]] u jirta qoraxda),<ref>"masaafo dhan 0.7 [[AU]] u jirta qoraxda"</ref> isla markaana waa mid aad ugu xajmi dhow [[dhul]]ka ayadoo leh 0.815 muga dhulka. : Sidoo kale, si la mid ah dhulka, meeraha Waxaraxir wuxuu leeyahay [[qolof dhul|oogo sare]] oo ka samaysan silikayte iyo [[Ubuc dhul|ubuc dhexe]] oo ka kooban [[bir]]ta aayron iyo nikel; iyo waliba [[cir]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Mark Alan Bullock |title=The Stability of Climate on Venus |publisher=Southwest Research Institute |year=1997 |url=http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~bullock/Homedocs/PhDThesis.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2006-12-26 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2007-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614202751/http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~bullock/Homedocs/PhDThesis.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> sare oo hawooyin ku dahaaran tahay. : Meeraha Waxaraxir ma lahan wax dayax ah, aad ayuuna u qalalan yahay - taas macnaheedu waa [[biyo]] ma lahan. Intaas waxaa dheer, meerahan waa kan ugu kulul dhammaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] ayadoo leh [[salsiyas|400 °C]] (752&nbsp;°F).<ref>{{cite web |year=1999 |author=Paul Rincon |title=Climate Change as a Regulator of Tectonics on Venus |work=Johnson Space Center Houston, TX, Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM |url=http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~bullock/Homedocs/Science2_1999.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2006-11-19 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2007-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614202807/http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~bullock/Homedocs/Science2_1999.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> === Dhulka === : Meeraha [[Dhul]]ka (earth) waa kan sadexaad ee qoraxda u dhow (masaafo dhan 1 [[AU]] u jira qoraxda), kan ugu wayn ee ugu culus [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ah. Sidoo kale, waa meeraha kali ah ee leh dhaqdhaqaaq jiyooloji iyo dunida kali ah eey ka jirto [[nolol]]<ref>{{cite web |title=What are the characteristics of the Solar System that lead to the origins of life? |publisher=NASA Science (Big Questions) |url=http://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/big-questions/what-are-the-characteristics-of-the-solar-system-that-lead-to-the-origins-of-life-1/ |accessdate=2011-08-30 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2011-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915154635/http://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/big-questions/what-are-the-characteristics-of-the-solar-system-that-lead-to-the-origins-of-life-1/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> inta la ogyahay. Intaas waxaa dheer, dhulku waa meeraha kali ah ee leh [[biyo]] [[dareere]] ah dhammaan meerayaasha dhexe. : [[Cir]]ka sare ee dhulku waa mid ka duwan meerayaasha kale, waxaana ku dhex jira 21% [[ogsajiin]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Earth's Atmosphere: Composition and Structure |author=Anne E. Egger, M.A./M.S. |work=VisionLearning.com |url=http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?c3=&mid=107&l= |accessdate=2006-12-26 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2007-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070221231635/http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=107&l=&c3= |dead-url=yes }}</ref> bilaash ah, taasi oo taageertay [[nolol|nolosha]] ka dhex jirta ee [[xayawaan]]ka iyo [[dhir]]ta leh. : Meeraha dhulku wuxuu leeyahay hal [[dayax]] oo dabiici ah. ====Farraare==== : Meeraha [[Farraare]] (mars) waa kan afaraad ee qoraxda ugu dhow (masaafo dherer dhan 1.5 [[AU]] u jira qoraxda), isla mar ahaantaana waa mid waxyar ka yar dhulka ayadoo leh 0.107 muga dhulka. Cirkeedu wuxuu inta u badan ka kooban yahay [[Kaarbon|kaarbon labo ogsaydh]] iyo cadaadis dhan 6.1 millibars<ref>{{cite book|title= Encyclopaedia of the Solar System|editor=Lucy-Ann McFadden et al.|chapter=Mars Atmosphere: History and Surface Interactions|author=David C. Gatling, Conway Leovy|pages=301–314|year=2007}}</ref> taasi oo u dhiganta 0.6% cadaadiska dhulka. : Foolkaano aad u badan ayaa ka dhaca oogada sare ee Farraare, [[caro|carada]] meerahani waa mid cas sababtoo ah waxaa ku badan [[macdan]]ta [[Aayron|aayron ogsaydh]] aad u [[daxal]]eysatey. : Meeraha Farraare wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa farraare|labo dayax]] oo dabiici ah, [[Deimos]] iyo [[Phobos]].<ref>{{cite web |year=2004 |title=A Survey for Outer Satellites of Mars: Limits to Completeness |author=Scott S. Sheppard, David Jewitt, and Jan Kleyna |work=[[Astronomical Journal]] |url=http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |accessdate=2006-12-26 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205126/http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/papers/2004/SJK2004.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Meerayaasha Baxsan=== [[File:Gas_giants_in_the_solar_system.jpg|thumb|Kor ka soo biloow ilaa hoos:<br />[[Docay]], [[Uraano]], [[Raage]] iyo [[Cirjeex]]<br />.]] Afarta meere ee banaanka u baxsan waa meereyaasha [[Neefaha Waawayn]] ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]<ref>[[Neefaha Waawayn]] ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]</ref> kuwaas oo ah 99% walxaha ku wareega [[qorax]]da. [[Cirjeex]] iyo [[Raage]] ayaa waxay yihiin tobanaan kun oo jeer miisaanka iyo muga [[dhul]]ka, waxayna ka samaysan yihiin [[isku dhis]]yo [[haydarojiin]] iyo [[hiliyaam]]. Dhanka kale, [[Uraano]] iyo [[Docay]] waxay leeyihiin 20 jeer laab muga dhulka waxayna ka samaysan yihiin [[macdan]]o dhalaali kara oo ka kooban [[baraf]]. ====Cirjeex==== : Meeraha [[Cirjeex]] (Jupiter) waa meeraha shanaad ee [[qorax]]da ugu dhow (masaafo dherer dhan 5.2 [[AU]] u jira qoraxda) iyo 318 jeer muga dhulka. Wuxuu ka samaysan yahay meerahani [[isku dhis]]yo u badan [[haydarojiin]] iyo [[hiliyaam]]. : Dhinaca kale, meeraha Cirjeex waa kan ugu leh tirada ugu badan ee dayax asagoo leh [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|67 dayax]]. Afarta ugu wayn [[Io]], [[Ganymede]], [[Callisto]], iyo [[Europa]] waxay leeyihiin qaabdhismeed u dhow [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ah, sida foolkaanaha iyo gudo kulul.<ref>{{cite web |title=Geology of the Icy Galilean Satellites: A Framework for Compositional Studies |author=Pappalardo, R T |work=Brown University |year=1999 |url=http://www.agu.org/cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?&listenv=table&multiple=1&range=1&directget=1&application=fm99&database=%2Fdata%2Fepubs%2Fwais%2Findexes%2Ffm99%2Ffm99&maxhits=200&=%22P11C-10%22 |accessdate=2006-01-16 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2007-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165551/http://www.agu.org/cgi-bin/SFgate/SFgate?&listenv=table&multiple=1&range=1&directget=1&application=fm99&database=%2Fdata%2Fepubs%2Fwais%2Findexes%2Ffm99%2Ffm99&maxhits=200&=%22P11C-10%22 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ganymede oo ah satelaytka ugu wayn [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], ayaa wuxuu ka wayn yahay meeraha [[Waxaraxir]] (mercury). ====Raage==== : Meeraha [[Raage]] (saturn) waa meeraha lixaad ee [[qorax]]da ugu dhow (masaafo dherer dhan 9.5 [[AU]] u jira qoraxda) iyo 95 jeer muga dhulka. Meerahan waxaa lagu yaqaanaa dariimada goobo ee ku wareegsan taasi oo ka samaysan xoogaa [[baraf]] iyo saxaro [[dhagax]]aan ah, wuxuuna leeyahay 60% cufka Cirjeex, taasi oo ka dhigaysa meeraha ugu cufka yar dhammaan aduunyooyinka [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Density of Saturn|url=http://www.universetoday.com/15322/density-of-saturn/|work=Fraser Cain|publisher=universetoday.com|accessdate=2013-08-09|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2013-08-09|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130809073643/http://www.universetoday.com/15322/density-of-saturn/|dead-url=unfit}}</ref> : Meerahan Raage wuxuu leeyahay tirada labaad ee ugu badan dayaxyada taasi oo ah [[Dayaxa Raage|62 dayax]]. Labada dayax ee ugu wayn dayaxyada Raage, [[Titan]] iyo [[Enceladus]] waxay leeyihiin dhaqdhaqaaq jiyooloji inkastoo ay ka samaysan yihiin baraf iyo hawo.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kargel|first1=J. S.|title=Cryovolcanism on the icy satellites|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_earth-moon-and-planets_1994-1995_67_1-3/page/101|journal=Earth, Moon, and Planets|volume=67|pages=101–113|year=1994|doi=10.1007/BF00613296|bibcode=1995EM&P...67..101K}}</ref> : Titan oo ah satelite labaad ee ugu wayn wuxuu ka jidh wayn yahay meeraha [[Waxaraxir]]. ====Uraano==== : Meeraha [[Uraano]] waa kan todobaad ee qoraxda ugu dhow (asagoo u jira masaafo dhan 19.2 [[AU]]) iyo 14 jeer muga iyo miisaanka dhulka, kaasi oo ah kan ugu fudud dhammaan meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]. Uraano wuxuu leeyahay [[Ubuc dhul|ubuc dhexe]] oo ka qaboow badan [[Qolof dhul|oogada sare]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=10 Mysteries of the Solar System|journal=[[Astronomy Now]] |volume=19 |pages=65 |year=2005 |bibcode=2005AsNow..19h..65H }}</ref> : Meeraha Uraano wuxuu leeyahay tirada sadexaad ee ugu badan taasi oo dhan [[Dayaxa Uraano|27 dayax]], kuwa ugu waawayni waa [[Titania]], [[Oberon]], [[Umbriel]], [[Ariel]] iyo [[Miranda]]. ====Docay==== : Meeraha [[Docay]] (neptune) waa meeraha sideedaad ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] wuxuuna u jiraa [[qorax]]da masaafo dherer dhan 30 [[AU]], wuxuu leeyahay cuf iyo miisaan u dhigma 17 jeer laab cufka [[dhul]]ka.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Post Voyager comparisons of the interiors of Uranus and Neptune |url=https://archive.org/details/geophysical-research-letters_1990-09_17_10/page/1737 |author=Podolak, M.; Reynolds, R. T.; Young, R. | year=1990|pages=1737|issue=10|volume=17|doi=10.1029/GL017i010p01737 |bibcode=1990GeoRL..17.1737P|journal=Geophysical Research Letters}}</ref> : Meeraha Docay wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa Docay|4 dayax]] oo kan ugu wayn yahay [[Triton]] oo leh dhaqdhaqaaq jiyooloji firfircoon.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Plausibility of Boiling Geysers on Triton |author=Duxbury, N. S., Brown, R. H. |work=Beacon eSpace |year=1995 |url=http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/28034?mode=full |accessdate=2006-01-16 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2009-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426005806/http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/handle/2014/28034?mode=full |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ===Dunida Yar=== Waxa jira tiro dhowr ah oo meereyaal yaryar ah kuwaas oo loo yaqaano [[Duni|duniyar]] waxaana ka mid ah [[Bluto]]. Dunida yar ee bluto waxy u jirtaa qoraxda masaafo dherer oo dhan [[AU|39 AU]] waana tan ugu wayn dhowrka duniyar ee la yaqaano, waxaana la helay [[sanad|sanadkii 1930kii]] ayadoo wakhtigaas laga dhigay [[meere|meeraha 9aad]] ee [[Bahda Qoraxda Midaysay]]. Ka dib, [[sanad|sanadkii 2006da]] ayaa laga saaray liiska meerayaasha ayadoo loo aqoonsaday in bluto tahay duniyar. ==Tirada Dayaxa Meereyaasha== [[File:Neptune’s Moon Triton Fosters Rare Icy Union (gemini1903a) (square crop).jpg|thumb|[[Dayaxa Docay|Dayaxa Triton]] ee meeraha Docay.]] [[File:Europa-moon.jpg|thumb|[[Dayaxa Cirjeex|Yuruba]] waa dayaxa Cirjeex.]] [[Dayaxa meere]] waa duni yar oo ka samaysan [[dhagax]]aan, [[neef]] iyo [[isku dhis]]yo kale taasi oo ku wareegta [[meere]]. Tusaale ahaan, [[dayax]]a meeraha [[dhul]]ka. Waxaa jira 173<ref>173 dayax oo ku meeraysta meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], iyo sideed kale oo ku wareega [[duni|dunida yaryar]]</ref> dayax oo ku meeraysta meerayaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], iyo sideed kale oo ku wareega [[duni|dunida yaryar]]. Meereyaasha [[Waxaraxir]] iyo [[Dusaa]] ma lahan wax dayax ah, [[Dhul]]ku wuxuu leeyahay [[dayax|hal dayax]], meeraya afaraad [[Farraare]] wuxuu leeyahay labo dayax oo kala ah [[Fobos]] (Phobos) iyo [[Dheymos]] (Deimos).<ref>{{cite journal | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=52 |pages=565–594 |last=Whipple |first=Fred |year=1964 |bibcode=1964PNAS...52..565W |title= The History of the Solar System |doi= 10.1073/pnas.52.2.565 | pmid=16591209 | issue=2 | pmc=300311}}</ref> [[Neefaha Waawayn]] waxay leeyihiin tiro badan oo dayaxyo ah, kuwaas oo qaarkood le'eg yihiin xajmiga dayaxa [[dhul]]ka. Meeraha [[Cirjeex]]<ref>[[Cirjeex]] waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]]</ref> waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], wuxuuna leeyahay [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|67 dayax]]. Waxaa ku xiga meeraha [[Raage]] oo leh tirada labaad ee ugu badan dhammaan sideeda meere ee bahda qoraxdu midaysay kuwaas oo ah [[dayaxa raage|62 dayax]]. Dhinaca kale, meeraha [[Uraano]] wuxuu leeyahay tirada sadexaad ee ugu badan bahda qoraxdu midaysay kuwaas oo dhan [[dayaxa uraano|27 dayax]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Interactive Extra-solar Planets Catalog |work=[[The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]] |url=http://exoplanet.eu/catalog.php |last=Schneider |first=Jean |date=16 January 2013 |accessdate=2013-01-15 }}</ref> Meeraha [[Docay]] wuxuu leeyahay [[dayaxa docay|14 dayax]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, [[duni|duunyooyinka yar]] qaar ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin dayaxyo yaryar oo ku wareega ayaga. Dunida yar ee [[Ceres]] ma lahan wax dayax ah, laakiin dunida yar ee [[Bluto]] waxay [[dayaxa bluto|5 dayax]] oo wareega. Sidoo kale, dunida yar ee [[Haumea]] waxay leedahay [[Dayaxa Haumea|2 dayax]], waxaa iyadna [[dayax|hal dayax]] leh dunida yar ee [[Eris]]. Waxaa la aaminsan yahay in dayaxyada qaar ay ka jirto [[nolol]], sida dayaxa [[Titan]] ee [[Cirjeex]] iyo bisha [[Triton]] ee meeraha [[Docay]], laakiin lama hubo ineey jirto midaasi.<ref>{{cite journal |first=Bernard R. |last=Goldstein |title=Saving the phenomena: the background to Ptolemy's planetary theory | journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy |volume=28 |issue=1 |year=1997 |pages=1–12 |location=Cambridge (UK) |bibcode=1997JHA....28....1G}}</ref> ===Dayaxa Dhulka=== [[File:Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg|thumb|Dayaxa [[meere|meeraha]] [[Dhul]]ka.]] [[File:Moons of solar system-en.svg|thumb|Dayax/Bil]] [[Dayax|Dayaxa dhulku]] waa kan ugu weeyn dhammaan [[dayaxa meere|dayaxyada]] meereyaasha [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] kaas oo la odhan karo wuxuu ka wayn yahay meereyaasha yaryar qaarkood. Cufis-jiidadka u dhexeeya dhulka iyo dayaxa ayaa keena [[bad|mowjadaha badaha]], taas mi la mid ah ayaa keentay isku-xidhnaanshaha labadooda. Dayaxa oo ku socda xawaare dhan 1.022 kilomitir ilbiriqsigiiba, ayaa waxay ku qaadataa [[maalin|27 maalmood]], [[saacad|7 saacadood]] iyo [[daqiiqad|43 daqiiqo]] in uu hal mar ku wareego dhulka. Dhinaca kale, isku wareega dayaxu (circumference) waa 10, 921 km; [[cuf]]kiisuna waa 2.1958 ×<br /><span>10¹⁰ km³</span> halka [[mug]]iisu yahay 7.3477 ×<br /><span>10²² kg</sup></span>. Maadaama dayaxa cirkiisu aad u khafiif yahay falaadhaha qoraxduna toos u soo taabtaan oogada dayaxa ayaa [[heerkul]]kiisu aad u sareeyaa ugu yaraan waa 100 Kalfin ugu badnaana wuxuu gaadhaa 390 K. Jidhka dayaxu wuxuu ka samaysan yahay [[Isku dhis|iskudhisyo]] kala duwan kuwaas oo u badan [[curiye]]yaasha kala ah: [[curiye|Argon]], [[Hiliyaam]], [[Sodhiyaam]], [[Botashiyaam]], [[Haydarojiin]] iyo ''Raadon''. Markii ugu horeeysay taariikhda bani-aadamka, sanadkii 1959kii ayaa [[Dayax Gacmeed]] [[Ruush]]ku leeyahay tagay dayaxa. Ka dib, 1968dii ayaa qofkii ugu horeeyay cagaha saaray dayaxa kaas oo ka socday Dawladda [[Maraykan]]ka. Sanadkii 2004 wixii ka dambeeyay ayaa wadanada [[Jabaan]], [[Hindiya]], [[Shiinaha]] iyo [[Yurub]] saldhigyo ka sameeysteen dayaxa. Inkasto dayaxu lahayn [[cir|cir sare]] oo ka difaaca [[kul]]ka [[qorax]]da, cilmi baadhis la sameeyay waxay muujisay in dayaxu leeyahay [[biyo]] laga heli karo [[cidhif]]yada dayaxa iyo oogada sare dhexdeeda.<ref>{{cite book |title=Ptolemy's Almagest |author= Ptolemy |authorlink=Ptolemy |coauthors=[[G. J. Toomer|Toomer, G. J.]] |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-691-00260-6}}</ref> ===Dayaxa Farraare=== ::''Maqaalka fiiri: [[Dayaxa Farraare]]'' [[Meere]]ha [[Farraare]] (Mars) wuxuu leeyahay [[Dayaxa Farraare|labo dayax]] oo kala ah [[Fobos]] (Phobos) iyo [[Dheymos]] (Deimos). ===Dayaxa Cirjeex=== [[File:Europa-moon.jpg|thumb|dayaxa [[Europa]] ee meeraha Cirjeex.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Cirjeex]]<ref>[[Cirjeex]] waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay, wuxuuna leeyahay 67 dayax</ref> waa kan leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay, wuxuuna leeyahay 67 dayax. Tirada dayaxyada ee meerahan Cirjeex aad ayay u badan tahay, dhammaantoodna aqoon fiican looma laha, laakiin kuwa ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah: * '''[[Europa]]''' * '''[[Ganymede]]''' * '''[[Io]]''' * '''[[Callisto]]''' ===Dayaxa Raage=== [[File:Two_Halves_of_Titan.png|thumb|dayaxa [[Titan]] ee meeraha Raage.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Raage]] waa kan labaad ee leh tirada ugu badan daxayada ee Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay, wuxuuna leeyahay [[Dayaxa raage|62 dayax]]. Tirada dayaxyada ee meerahan Raage aad ayay u badan tahay, dhammaantoodna aqoon fiican looma laha, laakiin kuwa ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah: * '''[[Titan]]''' * '''[[Iapetus]]''' * '''[[Enceladus]]''' * '''[[Tethys]]''' * '''[[Mimas]]''' * '''[[Hyperion]]''' * '''[[Dione]]''' * '''[[Phoebe]]''' * '''[[Janus]]''' * '''[[Epimetheus]]''' * '''[[Prometheus]]''' [[File:Mimas_moon.jpg|thumb|dayaxa [[Mimas]] ee meeraha Raage.]] ===Dayaxa Uraano=== [[File:PIA18185 Miranda's Icy Face.jpg|thumb|dayaxa [[Miranda]] ee meeraha Uraano.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Uraano]] (Uranus) wuxuu leeyahay tirada sadexaad ee ugu badan bahda qoraxdu midaysay kuwaas oo dhan [[Dayaxa Uraano|27 dayax]]. Meerahan Uraano wuxuu leeyahay tiro badan oo dayaxyo ah, kuwaas waxaa ugu caansan: * '''[[Titania]]''' * '''[[Oberon]]''' * '''[[Umbriel]]''' * '''[[Miranda]]''' ===Dayaxa Docay=== [[File:Neptune’s Moon Triton Fosters Rare Icy Union (gemini1903a) (square crop).jpg|thumb|dayaxa [[Triton]] ee meeraha Docay.]] [[Meere]]ha [[Docay]] (Neptune) wuxuu leeyahay tirada afaraad ee ugu badan [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] kuwaas oo dhan [[Dayaxa meere|14 dayax]]. Meerahan Docay wuxuu leeyahay tiro badan oo dayaxyo ah, kuwaas waxaa ugu caansan: * '''[[Proteus]]''' * '''[[Triton]]''' ===Dayaxyada Bluto=== [[Duni]]da yar ee [[Bluto]] oo wakhtiyadii hore loo aqoonsanaa ineey tahay [[meere|meeraha 9aad]] ee [[Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]], balse [[sanad|sanadkii 2006da]] loo aqoonsaday ineey tahay duniyar; ayaa waxay leedahay [[Dayax meere|5 dayax]] oo ku wareega ayada. ==Samayska Meere== ===Muuqaalka Meere=== Muuqaalka meere waa mid ku xidhan awooda [[cuf]]ka iyo [[mug]]a ee ku taxan awooda [[cufisjiidad]]ka isla markaana keenta awood elektaromangantig isku haysa muuqaalka meere oo ka dhigtay mid goobo ah. Marka xadi go'an oo cuf ah uu ku xidhmo awooda cufisjiidadka oo u soo jiidta badhtanka walaxdaasi taasi ayaa keenta in sheygaasi yeesho qaab wareegsan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |title=Pluto and the Solar System |publisher=IAU |date= |accessdate=2013-08-01 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2011-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614202942/http://www.iau.org/public/pluto/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Dhamaan meerayaasha, xidigaha, dhagaxaanta waawayn, dunida yar iyo walxaha kale ee koonka dhex sabeeynaya waxay leeyihiin qaab dhismeed goobada u dhow, taasi ooy sabab u tahay isku soo jiidashada bu'da dhexe ee shegaas oo cufisjiidadku ku hayo badhtanka. ===Qaabdhismeedka Dhexe=== Meere kasta wuxuu ku bilaabmay marxalad [[dareere]] ah; samayska marka hore, sheeyada miisaanka culus, ee qarada adag leh waxay iskugu tagaan bu'da ama badhtanka ayadoo inta fudud soo marto korka sare isla markaana ku qaboowdo ka dibna adke noqoto. Sidaas darteed, meere kasta waa kala duwan yahay xubnaha ku jira ubucda ama qeybta dhexe. Dhinaca kale, [[Meere Dhagaxley|meerayaasha dhagaxleyda]] ahi way ka duwan yihiin meerayaasha [[neefaha waawayn]]. Kuwa dhagaxleyda ahi waxay leeyihiin qolof adag oo ku dahaadhan iyo ubuc ka samaysan [[curiye]]yaal [[bir]] ah sida [[Aayron]], [[Nikel]] iyo iskudhisyo [[Silikoon]] ah, halka neefaha waawayni ku daboolan tahay daruur hawo iyo adke jilicsan ah. ===Cufisjiidadka=== ===Cufka & Muga Meereyaasha=== ==Wareega Meere== ===Wareega Sanadle=== Sida la isku waafaqay, dhammaan meerayaashu waxay ku wareegaan [[xidig]]. Tusaale ahaan, meerayaasha Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay dhammaantood waxay ku wareegaan [[qorax]]da, jiho la mid ah tan qoraxdu u ged-gedoonto (waa qaab la mid ah habka saacadu u wareegto "clockwise"). Ugu yaraan, hal meere, WASP-17b, oo aad inooga fog ayaa la arkey inuu u wareego jiho ka duwan tan xidigtiisu u gedoonto.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Lyttleton |first=Raymond A. |year=1936 |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=97 |page=108 |title= On the possible results of an encounter of Pluto with the Neptunian system |bibcode=1936MNRAS..97..108L}}</ref> Wakhtiga ay meere ku qaadato inuu dhamaystiro hal wareeg oo uu ku soo duurayo qoraxda waxaa loo yaqaanaa ''[[sanad]]''. Hadaba sanadada meerayaashu way kala duwan yihiin taasi oo ku xidhan kolba masaafada iyo fogaanta uu u jiro qoraxda. Meeraha ugu fog masaafada qoraxda ayaa ugu sanad dheer isla markaana ugu socod gaaban sababtoo ah aad ayuu uga dheer yahay [[cufisjiidad]]ka qoraxdaasi. ===Gedgedoonka Meere=== Meere kasta wuxuu ku gedgedoomaa (rotate) xariijin udub-dhexaadkiisa ah taasi oon la arki karin. Gedoonkaasi meere oo ka soo bilaabma bari ilaa galbeed ayaa waxay keentaa [[maalin]]ta iyo [[habeen]]ka, sababtoo ah iftiinka qoraxda ayaa kolba dhinac ka mid ah meerahaais u muuqda.<ref>{{cite journal | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=52 |pages=565–594 |last=Whipple |first=Fred |year=1964 |bibcode=1964PNAS...52..565W |title= The History of the Solar System |doi= 10.1073/pnas.52.2.565 | pmid=16591209 | issue=2 | pmc=300311}}</ref> Inta u badan meerayaasha bahda qoraxdu midaysay waxay u soo gedoomaan hab waafaqsan wareega saacada, marka laga reebo meeraha Uraano oo asaga lagu wado in uu u gedoomo jiho lid ku ah wareega saacada. Gedgedoonka meerayaashu way kala duwan tahay, meeraha Dusaa waxay ku qaadataa dhowr saacadood inuu dhamaystiro gedoon xidhan, taasi oo ah habeen iyo maalinta Dusaa; halka meerayaasha waawayn ee neefta ah ay ku qaadato maalmo badan iney sameeyaan hal gedoon oo dhamaystiran.<ref>{{cite book | title = Planet Quest: The Epic Discovery of Alien Solar Systems | url = https://archive.org/details/planetquestepicd0000cros |first = K. |last=Croswell |publisher = The Free Press |year = 1997 |page = [https://archive.org/details/planetquestepicd0000cros/page/57 57] |isbn = 978-0-684-83252-4}}</ref> ==Masaafada Qoraxda U Jiraan== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center" |- !|Jaada !|Magaca !|Dhulbadhe <br /> balaca !|[[Cuf|Cufka Meere]] !|[[Wareega Meere|Gacanka Wareega]] ([[Astronomical unit|AU]]) !|[[Wareega Meere|Wakhtiga Wareega]] <br /> (sanado) !|[[Wareega Meere|Meesha <br /> kaga beegay yahay Qoraxda]] (°) !|[[Wareega Meere|Wareega<br /> eccentricity]]<!--hyphen for small monitors--> !|[[Wareega Meere|Wareega Xariijintiisa]] <br /> (maalin) !|Confirmed <br /> [[Dayax|Dayaxa Dabiiciga]]{{refn|group=lower-alpha|name=Confirmed|Jupiter has the most verified satellites (67) in the Solar System.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Jupiter Satellite Page (Now Also The Giant Planet Satellite and Moon Page) |publisher=Carnegie Institution for Science |author=Scott S. Sheppard |url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/ |accessdate=2013-04-12 |date=2013-01-04 |authorlink=Scott S. Sheppard |archive-date=2009-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607094153/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} !|[[Wareega Meere|Goobo Meere]] !|[[Cir]]ka |- ! rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"|[[Meere Dhagaxley]] | style="text-align:left"|[[Waxaraxir]] | 0.382 | 0.06 | 0.31–0.47 | 0.24 | 3.38 | 0.206 | 58.64 | 0 | maya | aad u yar |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Dusaa]] | 0.949 | 0.82 | 0.72 | 0.62 | 3.86 | 0.007 | −243.02 | 0 | maya | [[Kaarboon|CO₂]], [[Nitrojiin|N₂]] |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Dhul]]ka | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 7.25 | 0.017 | 1.00 | [[Dayax|1]]<!--Moon (Luna)--> | Maya | N₂, [[Ogsajiin|O₂]], [[Aargon|Ar]] |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Farraare]] | 0.532 | 0.11 | 1.52 | 1.88 | 5.65 | 0.093 | 1.03 | [[Dayaxa Farraare|2]]<!--Phobos and Deimos--> | maya | CO₂, N₂, Ar |- ! rowspan="4" style="background:#def;"|[[Neefaha Waawayn]] | style="text-align:left"|[[Cirjeex]] | 11.209 | 317.8 | 5.20 | 11.86 | 6.09 | 0.048 | 0.41 | [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|67]]<!--50 named, 67 verified, 67 known--> | [[Dayaxa Cirjeex|haa]] | [[Haydarojiin|H₂]], [[Hiliyaam|He]] |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Raage]] | 9.449 | 95.2 | 9.54 | 29.46 | 5.51 | 0.054 | 0.43 | [[Dayaxa Raage|62]]<!--53 named, 62 verified, ~200 known--> | [[Rings of Saturn|yes]] | H₂, He |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Uraano]] | 4.007 | 14.6 | 19.22 | 84.01 | 6.48 | 0.047 | −0.72 | [[Dayaxa Uraano|27]]<!--all known moons are named--> | [[Dayaxa Uraano|yes]] | H₂, He |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Docay]] | 3.883 | 17.2 | 30.06 | 164.8 | 6.43 | 0.009 | 0.67 | [[Dayaxa Docay|14]]<!--all known moons are named, with the exception of S/2004 N 1--> | [[Dayaxa Docay|haa]] | H₂, He |- ! rowspan="5" style="background:#def;"|[[Duni|Duni yar]] | style="text-align:left"|[[Ceres]] | 0.08 | 0.000&nbsp;2 | 2.5–3.0 | 4.60 | 10.59 | 0.080 | 0.38 | 0 | maya | midna |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Bluto]] | 0.18 | 0.002&nbsp;2 | 29.7–49.3 | 248.09 | 17.14 | 0.249 | −6.39 | [[Dayaxa Bluto|5]]<!--Charon, Styx, Nix, Kerberos, Hydra--> | maya | ku meel gaadh |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Haumea]] | 0.15×0.12×0.08 | 0.000&nbsp;7 | 35.2–51.5 | 282.76 | 28.19 | 0.189 | 0.16 | [[Dayaxa Haumea|2]]<!--Hi'iaka, Namaka--> | ? | ? |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Makemake]] |~0.12 |0.000&nbsp;7 |38.5–53.1 |309.88 |28.96 |0.159 | 0.32 | 0 | ? | ? |- | style="text-align:left"|[[Eris]] | 0.19 | 0.002&nbsp;5 | 37.8–97.6 | ~557 | 44.19 | 0.442 | ~0.3 | [[Dayax|1]]<!--Dysnomia--> | ? | ? |} ==Nolosha Ka Jirta Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay== Ilaa iyo hada inta la ogyahay meeraha kali ah ee nolol ka jirto waa meeraha dhulka. Nolosha meeraha dhulka oo guud ahaan loo yaqaano "biosphere", ayaa waxa la aaminsan yahay ineey bilaabantay (qiyaastii) [[bilyan|3.5 bilyan sanno]] ka hor. Dhulku wuxuu hooy u yahay malaayiin nooc oo [[noole]] ah, kaas ooy ka mid yihiin ''Aadamuhu''. Ilaha [[Macdan]]ta iyo habka is-daba-wareega [[biyo|biyaha]] ayaa ah mid u gaar ah meerahan isla markaana suurto gal ka dhigey ineey taageerada noolaha degan dhulka. ==Sahaminta Meerayaasha== Sawiraan ka kooban xubnaha [[Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] iyo sharaxaada xajmiga [[Meere]]yaasha iyo [[dayax]]yadooda. [[Qorax]]da in ka badan 10,000 oo jeer ayay ka weeyn tahay isla markaana [[tiriliyan|41 tiriliyan]] ayay ka mug iyo cuf weeyn tahay dhammaantood. {| class="wikitable" style="font-weight: margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;" |+ Solar System |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Our Sun.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Jupiter by Cassini-Huygens.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Saturn during Equinox.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Uranus2.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Neptune Voyager2 color calibrated.png|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Venus-real.jpg|frameless|upright=0.5]] |- | [[Qorax]]<br /><small>(Xidig)</small> | [[Cirjeex]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Raage]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Uroono]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Docey]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Dhul]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Waxaraxir]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Mars Hubble.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Ganymede g1 true 2.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Two Halves of Titan.png|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Mercury in color - Prockter07-edit1.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Callisto.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Io highest resolution true color.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:FullMoon2010.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] |- | [[Farraare]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Ganymede (dayax)|Ganymede]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Cirjeex)</small> | [[Titan (dayax)|Titan]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Dusaa (meere)|Dusaa]]<br /><small>(meere)</small> | [[Callisto (dayax)|Callisto]]<br /><small>(dayax Cirjeex)</small> | [[Io (dayax)|Io]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Cirjeex)</small> | [[Dayax]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Dhulka)</small> |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Europa-moon.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Triton moon mosaic Voyager 2 (large) - non-edit version.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Titania (moon) color cropped.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:PIA07763 Rhea full globe5.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Voyager 2 picture of Oberon.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Iapetus as seen by the Cassini probe - 20071008.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:PIA00040_Umbrielx2.47.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] |- | [[Europa (dayax)|Europa]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Cirjeex)</small> | [[Triton (dayax)|Triton]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Docey)</small> | [[Titania (dayax)|Titania]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uraano)</small> | [[Rhea (moon)|Rhea]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Oberon (moon)|Oberon]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> | [[Iapetus (moon)|Iapetus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Umbriel (moon)|Umbriel]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> |- style="background: black;" | | [[File:Dione (Mond) (30823363).jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Inset-sat tethys-large.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | | [[File:Vesta_full_mosaic.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Enceladus from Voyager.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:PIA18185 Miranda's Icy Face.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] |- | [[Ariel (moon)|Ariel]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> | [[Dione (moon)|Dione]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Tethys (moon)|Tethys]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Ceres (meere yar)|Ceres]]<br /><small>(meere yar)</small> | [[4 Vesta|Vesta]]<br /><small>(asteroid)</small> | [[Enceladus (moon)|Enceladus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Miranda (moon)|Miranda]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Uroone)</small> |- style="background: black;" | [[File:Proteus Voyager 2 croped.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Mimas moon.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Hyperion in natural colours.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Phoebe cassini.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:PIA12714 Janus crop.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:PIA09813 Epimetheus S. polar region.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] | [[File:Prometheus 12-26-09a.jpg|center|frameless|upright=0.5]] |- | [[Proteus (moon)|Proteus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Docey)</small> | [[Mimas (moon)|Mimas]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Hyperion (moon)|Hyperion]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Phoebe (moon)|Phoebe]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Janus (moon)|Janus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Epimetheus (moon)|Epimetheus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> | [[Prometheus (moon)|Prometheus]]<br /><small>(dayaxa Raage)</small> |- | colspan="7"| {{navbar|SolarSummary}} |- |} ==Qoraalo La Mid ah== * [[Koon]] * [[Neefaha Waawayn]] * [[Meere]] * [[Dhul]] * [[Cir]] * [[Meere Dhagaxley]] * [[Dayax]] * [[Dayaxa meere]] * [[Qorax]] * [[Xidig]] {{commons|Solar System}} {{Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay}} ==Xigasho== {{Reflist|2}} [[Category:Dayaxa Meere]] [[Category:Cilmi Falag]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Cilmiga Xidigaha]] [[Category:Xiddigis]] [[Category:Cilmi Fallag]] [[Category:Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] [[Category:Meere]] [[Category:Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay]] [[Category:Koon]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Ilbaxnimo]] [[Category:Dhul]] [[Category:Juqraafi]] [[Category:Noole]] [[Category:Nolol]] [[Category:Cilmi Falag]] [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Cilmiga Xidigaha]] [[Category:Xiddigis]] [[Category:Bahda Midaysay Qoraxdu]] [[Category:Koon]] [[Category:Juqraafi]] tec9or4wca5yuyn3ma9epzh1yk2oc9z 0 12681 309243 267945 2026-09-23T11:26:48Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309243 wikitext text/x-wiki ::''Kani waa maqaal ku saabsan Xoolaha gurijooga ah. Kuwo kale fiiri [[Duurjoog]] iyo [[Xayawaan]] [[File:Take_ours!.jpg|thumb|right|500px|]] [[File:Chameau_de_bactriane.JPG|thumb|right|500px|]] [[File:Sheep_and_cow_in_South_Africa.jpg|thumb|right|500px|]] '''Xoolo''' ([[ingiriis]]: livestock; [[carabi]]: ماشية) waa [[xayawaan]]ka [[gurijoog]]a ah ee [[dad]]ku dhaqdo kaasi oo faa'iido badan u leh nolosha maalinle ee dadka. Xoolaha waxaa ka mid ah [[lo']]da, [[adhi]]ga, [[geel]]a, [[faras|fardaha]], [[dameer]]aha, [[ido|idaha]] iyo mararka qaar oo lagu daro [[digaag]]a iyo [[shimbir]]aha kale la dhaqdo. Guud ahaan xooluhu waa xayawaanka aadamuhu dhaqdaan ee la cuno [[hilib]]kooda lana cabo [[caano|caanahooda]], loo isticmaalo in la rarto, la fuulo (rakaab), [[beer]]aha lagu qoto iyo wixii la mid ah. = Taariikhda Xoolaha ="Geela haddey naceen annaga macaawino ahaan hannoo siiyaan" Cabdishakuur Casoowe Nairobi 8 Jannaayo 2020 . XIGASHADA SAWIRKA,GETTY IMAGES Qoraalka sawirka, Gela waxaa markii ugu horreysay Australia la geeyay qarnigii 19-aad In ka badan 10,000 oo geel ah ayaa lagu tooganayaa waddanka Australia, gaar ahaan dhinaca koonfureed ee dalkaas, ka dib markii ay dadka biyaha ku ciriiriyeen xilli ay jiraan kuleyl daran iyo abaar baahsan. Maanta oo Arbaco ah ayaa la billaabay leynta geela oo loo adeegsanayo diyaaradaha qumaatiga u kaca iyo rasaas. Tallaabadan ayaa la qaaday ka dib markii ay dadka ku dhaqan gobolkaas ka cawdeen geela oo guryahooda ka dhameysanaya biyaha. Waxaa lasoo tabiyay in geel koox koox u socda uu waxyeelleeyay guryo iyo magaalooyin. "Waxay ku wareegayaan waddooyinka, iyagoo biyo raadinaya. Waxaan xitaa u cabsaneynaa carruurteenna", ayuu yiri mid ka mid ah dadka deegaanka. Muddo shan maalmood ah ayaa la wadi doonaa howlgalka lagu leynaypo geela Koonfurta Australia. Yurub oo geel argagixisada lagula dagaallamayo siisay dal Afrikaan ah Makhaayad dadka qaarkood aanu kaftanku u furnayn Sidoo kale qaar ka mid ah fardaha ku dhaqan gobolkaas ayaa la dili doonaa. Rag ay wajiyada u daboolan yihiin oo ka socda waaxda arrimaha deegaanka iyo biyaha ee Australia ayaa loo xil-saaray inay toogtaan geela iyo fardaha kumannaanka ah. Gobolka geela lagu baabi'inayo ee Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) waxaa daggan dadka asalka ah ee u dhashay Australia. Soomaalidu sidey u arkaan geela la leynayo? . XIGASHADA SAWIRKA,GETTY IMAGES Abuukar Xaaji Xaashi "Culusoow", waa nin ka ganacsada hilibka geela oo ku sugan Australia. Wuxuu ka hadlayaa sida ay u samaeyneyso leynta geela. "Muddo 15 sano ah ayaan ka ganacsadaa hilibka geela, waxaana ahay qofka kaliya ee ganacsigaas ku heysta waddankan. Maalin kasta oo Arbaco ah waxaan gowracaa ugu yaraan 3 neef, dadka ugu badan ee iga iibsada hilibkiisana waa Soomaali. Saameyn adag ayey nagu yeelaneysaa howshan geela lagu leynayo, waayo inta la dilo mooyee inta kale wey naga fogaanayaan, taasina waxay dhaawac weyn gaarsiineysaa ganacsiga hilibka geela", ayuu yiri. 'Geela haddey naceen annaga macaawino ahaan hannoo siiyaan ama aan ka doonanno' Dadka Soomaalida ah geelu wuxuu agtooda ka yahay hantida ugu qaalisan adduunka, waxayna dhaqan u leeyihiin dhaqashadiisa. Taariikh ayey Soomaalidu u leeyihiin xannaaneynta geela, wayna isugu faanaan, halka qaarkood ay isku sooraan, magta isaga bixiyaan ama yarad ahaan u kala qaataan. Dhinaca Suugaanta xitaa waxay abwaanno badan ku ammaaneen geela. Dubad Cali Cameey, oo guddoomiyaha guddiga suuq-geynta xoolaha ee dalka Kenya ayaa muujiyay sida uu uga xun yahay go'aanka ay dowladda Australia ku qaadatay inay ku yareyso tirada geela ku nool waddankeeda. "Geelu wuxuu ugu faa'iido badan yahay duunyada aan dhaqanno, waana laf-dhabarta xooladhaqatada. Xitaa marka uu dadku isdilo waxa la kala qaato waa geel. Marka nimanka geela leynaya ma yaqaannaan waxa uu geelu yahay, waana arrin nagu xanuun badan haddaan Soomaali nahay. Aniga waxay ila tahay, haddii ay naceen, Australia maadaama ay ka mid tahay waddamada mucaawinada bixiya inay annaga geela na siiso, ama ay na tiraahdo soo doonta", ayuu yiri Dubad Cameey. Maxaa Soomaalida ka galay geela Australia? Cabdullaahi Carab Ismaaciil oo ka mid ah dadka geela ku dhaqda Somaliland ayaa su'aashaas uga jawaabay BBC-da. "Waxaan aaminsan nahay in Geela Australia jooga halkan laga qaaday, arrinta kale ee na damqineysana waa in geelii qiimaha badan noo lahaa la iska leynayo, taas ayaana aad uga xun nahay. Geelu waa kan marka la dagaallamo naf dhan oo go'day la kala siisto, loogana samro", ayuu yiri Cabdullaahi. Cimilada sababtay in Geela la laayo . XIGASHADA SAWIRKA,GETTY IMAGES Australia ayaa xilligan oo kale sanad walba waxaa ka jira cimilo aad u kulul, taasoo sababta inuu kuleyl dartiis dab uga kaco keymaha. Ku dhawaad 2,000 oo guri ayaa ku gubatay dabkii saameynta ku yeeshay waddankaas bilihii lasoo dhaafay. Ugu yaraan 25 ruux ayaa ku dhintay musiibadaan tan iyo bishii September ee sanadkii lasoo dhaafay. = Noocyada Xoolaha = Sida caadiga ah ereyga "xoolo" waxaan u isticmaalnaa xayawaanka gurijooga ah, laakiin waxaa guud ahaan loo yaqaanaa dhamaan xayawaanka dadku dhaqan karaan. Kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo cunto ahaan, xarago iyo qurux iyo rarasho. {| class="wikitable" |- !Xayawaan / Nooc ! style="width:5%" |Xoolaha la dhaqdo ! style="width:10%" |Marka hore duurjooga ahaa ! style="width:20%" |Wakhtigii la bilaabay in la dhaqdo ! style="width:20%" |Meesha markii hore laga qabtey si loo dhaqdo !Isticmaalka hada !Sawir |- ! style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal" |'''Alpaca'''<br />[[Naasley]] |La dhaqdaa |Vicuña | style="text-align:center" | intii u dhexaysay 5000 Ciise hortii ilaa 4000 Ciise Hortii |Andes |[[dhogor]], [[hilib]] |[[File:Corazon Full.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal" |'''Banteng'''<br /> [[Naasley]] |la dhaqdaa |Banteng | style="text-align:center"| Lama yaqaano | [[Aasiya|Koonfurbari Aasiya]] |[[hilib]], [[caano]], [[beer|beer qodaal]] |[[File:KA Zoo Huftieranlage.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Dibi|Dibi Ameerikaan]]'''<br />[[Naasleey]] | la qabtey |N/A lama yaqaano | style="text-align:center" |Late 19th Century |[[Waqooyiga Ameerika]] |[[hilib]], [[dhogor]] |[[File:American bison k5680-1.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Geel]]'''<br />[[Naasley]] | la dhaqdaa |leh noocyo duurjoog ah | style="text-align:center" |Intii u dhexaysay 4000 Ciise hortii ilaa 1400 Ciise hortii |[[Aasiya]] |[[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka la fuulo]], [[hilib]], [[caano]], [[tin|timaha geela]] |[[File:Chameau de bactriane.JPG|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Bisad]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[hilibyacun]] | la dhaqdo |[[Afrika|Bisada Duurjogta Afrika]] | style="text-align:center" |7500 Ciise hortii <ref name="nationalgeographic2004">{{cite web |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/04/0408_040408_oldestpetcat.html |title=Oldest Known Pet Cat? 9,500-Year-Old Burial Found on Cyprus |publisher=News.nationalgeographic.com |date=2010-10-28 |accessdate=2011-12-10 |archive-date=2022-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612150738/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/oldest-known-pet-cat-9500-year-old-burial-found-on-cyprus |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Hazel |last=Muir |title=Ancient remains could be oldest pet cat |url=http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn4867.html |publisher=[[New Scientist]] |date=2004-04-08 |accessdate=2007-11-23 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Marsha Walton |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/04/08/cats.cyprus/index.html |title=CNN.com - Ancient burial looks like human and pet cat - Apr 9, 2004 |publisher=Edition.cnn.com |date=2004-04-09 |accessdate=2011-12-10 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=2007-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222092756/http://edition.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/04/08/cats.cyprus/index.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |[[Bariga Dhow]] | [[xasharaad|xasharaad la dagaalan]], [[gurijoog|Wehel]], [[hilib]] |[[File:Neighbours Siamese.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Lo']]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircun]] |la dhaqdo |Aurochs | style="text-align:center" |6000 BC |[[Aasiya|Koonfurgalbeed Aasiya]], [[Hindiya]], [[Afrika|Waqooyiga Afrika]] (?) |[[Hilib]] ([[jiidh]], [[subag]], [[dhiig]]), [[caano]], [[dhogor]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]] |[[File:Long horned european wild ox.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Deero]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircun]] |la qabto |N/A lama yaqaano | style="text-align:center" |Qarnigii 1aad Ciise dabadii |[[ingiriis|UK]] |[[Hilib]] [[dhogor]], |[[File:Silz cerf22.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Ey]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[hilibcun]] |la dhaqdo |[[Yeey]] | style="text-align:center" | 12000 BC | |[[xamaal|xayawaanka la isticmaalo dhabarkiisa]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu ugaadhsado]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka wax ilaaliya]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka wax raadiya]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka wax difaaca]], [[hilib]] |[[File:Pembroke Welsh Corgi 600.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Dameer]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |[[Dameer|Dameer duurjooga Afrika]] | style="text-align:center" |4000 BC |[[Masar]] |[[xamaal|xayawaanka la rarto]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka beeraha lagu qoto]], [[hilib]], [[caano]] |[[File:Donkey in Clovelly, North Devon, England.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Gayal]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |Gaur | style="text-align:center" |lama oga |[[Aasiya|Koonfurgalbeed Aasiya]] |[[hilib]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]] |[[File:Bandipur 2.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Adhi]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |[[Ri'|Adhiga duurjoogta]] | style="text-align:center" |8000 BC |[[Aasiya|Koonfurgalbeed Aasiya]] |[[caano]], [[hilib]], [[dhogor]], [[maqaar]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]] |[[File:Capra, Crete 4.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Doofaar]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |''Cavia tschudii'' | style="text-align:center" |5000 BC |[[Koonfur Ameerika]] |[[Hilib]] |[[File:Caviaklein.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Faras]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |''[[Faras|Faras duurjoog]]'' | style="text-align:center" |4000 BC |[[Yurub|Yurub & Aasiya]] |[[xamaal|xayawaanka la fuulo]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka beeraha qoda]], [[caano]], [[hilib]], |[[File:Nokota Horses cropped.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Llama]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |Guanaco | style="text-align:center" |3500 BC |Andes |[[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka la fuulo]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka beeraha qoda]], [[hilib]], [[dhogor]] |[[File:Pack llamas posing near Muir Trail.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''Mule'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |Qaraabo dhow la ah [[dameer]]ka iyo [[faras]]ka | &nbsp; | &nbsp; |[[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka la fuulo]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka beeraha qoda]] |[[File:09.Moriles Mula.JPG|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Doofaar|Doofaarka la dhaqdo]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[waxwalbacune]] |domestic |[[Wild boar]] | style="text-align:center" |7000 BC |[[Anatooliya|Bariga Anatooliya]] |[[Hilib]], [[dhogor]], [[xoolo|wehel]], [[cilmibaadhis]] |[[File:Sow with piglet.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Bakeyle]]'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |la dhaqdo |Duurjoog [[Bakeyle]] | style="text-align:center" |between AD 400-900 |[[Faransiiska]] |[[Hilib]], [[dun]], [[dhogor]], [[pet]], [[cilmibaadhis]] |[[File:Miniature Lop - Side View.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''Reindeer'''<br />[[Naasley]], [[dhircune]] |badh la dhaqde |Deerodeero | style="text-align:center" |3000 Ciise Hortii |Waqooyiga [[Ruushka]] |[[Hilib]], [[dhogor]], [[caano]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]], |[[File:Caribou using antlers.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Ido]]'''<br />[[Naasley]] |la dhaqdo |[[Ido|Idaha Aasiya]] | style="text-align:center" |Inta u dhexeysa 11000 Ciise Hortii-9000 Ciise Hortii |[[Aasiya|Koonfur-galbeed Aasiya]] |[[Dhogor]], [[caano]], [[hilib]]) |[[File:Pair of Icelandic Sheep.jpg|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal" |'''[[Dibi|Dibiga biyaha]]'''<br />[[Naasley]] |la dhaqdo |[[Dibi|Dibi duurjoog]], (Arni) | style="text-align:center" |4000 Ciise Hortii |[[Aasiya|Koonfurta Aasiya]] |[[xamaal|xayawaanka la fuulo]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]], [[hilib]], [[caano]] |[[File:BUFFALO159.JPG|130px]] |- ! style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal" |'''Yak'''<br />[[Naasley]] |la dhaqdo |Yak | style="text-align:center" |2500 Ciise Hortii |[[Tibet]], [[Neebaal]] |[[Hilib]], [[caano]], [[dhogor]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka la fuulo]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka la rarto]], [[xamaal|xayawaanka lagu shaqeeysto]] |[[File:Bos grunniens - Syracuse Zoo.jpg|130px]] |} &nbsp; <br /> {|border="0" |} = Isticmaalka Xoolaha = = Dhaqashada Xoolaha = = Tixraac = {{Gumud}} [[Category:Saynis]] [[Category:Xayawaan]] [[Category:Xoolo]] [[Category:Noole]] [[Category:Juquraafi]] [[Category:Kheyraadka Dabiiciga]] [[Category:Dhul]] 316o127ngaq0c9m5qdzxbhryy18kd9o 828 13799 308972 291852 2026-09-22T15:49:53Z Isma4l 41797 308972 Scribunto text/plain -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Message box configuration -- -- -- -- This module contains configuration data for [[Module:Message box]]. -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- return { ambox = { types = { speedy = { class = 'ambox-speedy', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, delete = { class = 'ambox-delete', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, content = { class = 'ambox-content', image = 'Ambox important.svg' }, style = { class = 'ambox-style', image = 'Edit-clear.svg' }, move = { class = 'ambox-move', image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg' }, protection = { class = 'ambox-protection', image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg' }, notice = { class = 'ambox-notice', image = 'Information icon4.svg' } }, default = 'notice', allowBlankParams = {'talk', 'sect', 'date', 'issue', 'fix', 'subst', 'hidden'}, allowSmall = true, smallParam = 'left', smallClass = 'mbox-small-left', substCheck = true, classes = {'metadata', 'ambox'}, imageEmptyCell = true, imageCheckBlank = true, imageSmallSize = '20x20px', imageCellDiv = true, useCollapsibleTextFields = true, imageRightNone = true, sectionDefault = 'article', allowMainspaceCategories = true, templateCategory = 'Article message templates', templateCategoryRequireName = true, templateErrorCategory = 'Article message templates with missing parameters', templateErrorParamsToCheck = {'issue', 'fix', 'subst'}, removalNotice = '<small>[[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka|Baro sida iyo xilliga laga saaro fariimahan]]</small>', templatestyles = 'Module:Message box/ambox.css' }, cmbox = { types = { speedy = { class = 'cmbox-speedy', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, delete = { class = 'cmbox-delete', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, content = { class = 'cmbox-content', image = 'Ambox important.svg' }, style = { class = 'cmbox-style', image = 'Edit-clear.svg' }, move = { class = 'cmbox-move', image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg' }, protection = { class = 'cmbox-protection', image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg' }, notice = { class = 'cmbox-notice', image = 'Information icon4.svg' } }, default = 'notice', showInvalidTypeError = true, classes = {'cmbox'}, imageEmptyCell = true, templatestyles = 'Module:Message box/cmbox.css', div_structure = true, }, fmbox = { types = { warning = { class = 'fmbox-warning', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, editnotice = { class = 'fmbox-editnotice', image = 'Information icon4.svg' }, system = { class = 'fmbox-system', image = 'Information icon4.svg' } }, default = 'system', showInvalidTypeError = true, classes = {'fmbox'}, imageEmptyCell = false, imageRightNone = false, templatestyles = 'Module:Message box/fmbox.css', div_structure = true, }, imbox = { types = { speedy = { class = 'imbox-speedy', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, delete = { class = 'imbox-delete', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, content = { class = 'imbox-content', image = 'Ambox important.svg' }, style = { class = 'imbox-style', image = 'Edit-clear.svg' }, move = { class = 'imbox-move', image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg' }, protection = { class = 'imbox-protection', image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg' }, license = { class = 'imbox-license licensetpl', image = 'Imbox-license.svg' }, ["license-related"] = { class = 'imbox-license', image = 'Imbox-license.svg' }, featured = { class = 'imbox-featured', image = 'Cscr-featured.svg', imageNeedsLink = true }, notice = { class = 'imbox-notice', image = 'Information icon4.svg' } }, default = 'notice', showInvalidTypeError = true, classes = {'imbox'}, imageEmptyCell = true, below = true, templateCategory = 'File message boxes', templatestyles = 'Module:Message box/imbox.css', div_structure = true, }, ombox = { types = { speedy = { class = 'ombox-speedy', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, delete = { class = 'ombox-delete', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, content = { class = 'ombox-content', image = 'Ambox important.svg' }, style = { class = 'ombox-style', image = 'Edit-clear.svg' }, move = { class = 'ombox-move', image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg' }, protection = { class = 'ombox-protection', image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg' }, notice = { class = 'ombox-notice', image = 'Information icon4.svg' } }, default = 'notice', showInvalidTypeError = true, classes = {'ombox'}, allowSmall = true, imageEmptyCell = true, imageRightNone = true, templatestyles = 'Module:Message box/ombox.css' }, tmbox = { types = { speedy = { class = 'tmbox-speedy', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, delete = { class = 'tmbox-delete', image = 'Ambox warning pn.svg' }, content = { class = 'tmbox-content', image = 'Ambox important.svg' }, style = { class = 'tmbox-style', image = 'Edit-clear.svg' }, move = { class = 'tmbox-move', image = 'Merge-split-transwiki default.svg' }, protection = { class = 'tmbox-protection', image = 'Semi-protection-shackle-keyhole.svg' }, notice = { class = 'tmbox-notice', image = 'Information icon4.svg' } }, default = 'notice', showInvalidTypeError = true, classes = {'tmbox'}, allowSmall = true, imageRightNone = true, imageEmptyCell = true, templateCategory = 'Talk message boxes', templatestyles = 'Module:Message box/tmbox.css' } } 9zd3uxm91v2wy1f4xy731g9j1qa63bx 0 15164 308971 170507 2026-09-22T15:40:34Z ~2026-51124-63 47505 308971 wikitext text/x-wiki Xaadhxaadh waa magaalo dhacda waqooyiga magaalada Gaalkacyo kiilomitrtaat badanna ujirta, waa magaaalo kutaal boos istaraatiiji Ganacsiyeed ah balse aan wali dhismo fiican lahayn , tirada Deegaankaa waxaa lagu qiyaasaa ilaa 1,500-2000 oo qof. Waxaase lara jeenayaa in sanadaha soo socda ay hormarkeedu wax iska badlaan. Deegaan ahaan waxaa daga qaba'ilka Awrtable gaarahaan geedi ibraahim iyo muuse ibraahim waana Deegan caan ku ah xoolaha nool ,cad iyo caanaba waliba caanaha said uga baxa waa deegan quruxbadan Baliyo waa wayn leh istaaraatiiji ah 1lp7ubtr7rl3q7gc42mkieagh6gpyn9 308973 308971 2026-09-22T15:56:14Z Isma4l 41797 Wuxuu dib u noqay badalkii uu sameeyay [[Special:Contributions/~2026-51124-63|~2026-51124-63]] ([[User talk:~2026-51124-63|wadahadal]]) kuna celiyay badalkii ka danbeeyay oo sameeyay [[User:Garacad|Garacad]] 170507 wikitext text/x-wiki Xaadhxaadh waa magaalo dhacda waqooyiga magaalada Gaalkacyo kiilomitrtaat badanna ujirta, waa magaaalo kutaal boos istaraatiiji Ganacsiyeed ah balse aan wali dhismo fiican lahayn , tirada Deegaankaa waxaa lagu qiyaasaa ilaa 1,500-2000 oo qof. Waxaase lara jeenayaa in sanadaha soo socda ay hormarkeedu wax iska badlaan. Deegaan ahaan waxaa daga qaba'ilka Awrtable gaarahaan Ibrahim Adan iyo reer Ahmed. d05jvycu0br45ij7uo9cns9jcrfxd3f 0 18792 309223 304528 2026-09-23T06:35:10Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309223 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Frankincense 2005-12-31.jpg|350px|thumb|right|Foox]] '''Luubaan''' ama '''Foox''' <small>(taasoo ah [[Geed]])</small> ama '''Geed luubaan''' ama '''Qaacis''' waxaa loo adeegsadaa [[Caraf|carfinta]] oo mararka qaar ka soo baxda udgoon sidoo kale waxaa loo adeegsadaa waxyaabo badan. * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/books/bible-glossary/incense/ Incense] ==Waddanahaha Luubaan== * {{Flag|Somaliland}} * {{Flag|Somalia}} ==Warka Lubaan== * '''[https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/wp20150301/spices-in-the-bible/ Gifts Fit for a King (The frankincense)]''' * https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/12/frankincense-trees-declining-overtapping/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/12/frankincense-trees-declining-overtapping/ |date=20191213163409 }} * https://www.somaliland.com/news/somaliland/could-this-be-the-end-of-frankincense/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.somaliland.com/news/somaliland/could-this-be-the-end-of-frankincense/ |date=20200306060653 }} * https://www.ft.com/content/728582dc-66bf-11e0-8d88-00144feab49a * https://www.voanews.com/africa/high-demand-threatens-frankincense-trade-somaliland {{Wayback|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/high-demand-threatens-frankincense-trade-somaliland |date=20210411005348 }} * https://www.aroma-zen.com/en/wellness-relaxation/aromas-scents/vegetable-resins/frankincense-from-somalia-encens-monde-p-2410.html * https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/health/biblical-gift-could-hold-fresh-1824990 * https://somalilandbiodiversity.org/growing-frankincense/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * https://aromaticplant.org/assets/species/best-practices2018revision.pdf{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Category:Dhir]] 8s9sl161hjrl5w4y1nr3hswo9e1v1p0 10 18910 309191 154628 2026-09-23T04:56:21Z Isma4l 41797 309191 wikitext text/x-wiki | colspan=2 style="text-align:left; background:#f8eaba; color:inherit; <!--for Minerva:-->border:1px solid #a2a9b1;" | {{yesno|{{{show_ss_note|yes}}}|yes={{longitem|Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their [[standard state]] (at 25&nbsp;°C [77&nbsp;°F], 100&nbsp;kPa).{{#if:{{{general_note|}}}| <br />{{{general_note}}}}}}}}} <div style="margin-top: 0.3em;">{{#ifexpr:{{#ifeq:{{{Verifiedfields|}}}|changed|1|{{#if:{{{verifiedrevid|}}}|1|0}}}}| {{Chembox verification |Verifiedfields={{{Verifiedfields|}}} |Watchedfields={{{Watchedfields|}}} |verifiedrevid={{{verifiedrevid|}}} }}}}</div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em; text-align: center;">{{yesno|{{{show_infobox_ref|yes}}}|yes=[[Wikipedia:Chemical infobox#References|Infobox references]]}}</div> |-<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> a5m6vv0n6spbg3q9owwwomy7lu0gsi0 10 18920 309159 154643 2026-09-23T04:36:03Z Isma4l 41797 309159 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- 2017-03-07: section always shows when called. 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|ix_label={{{index4_label|}}} {{{SMILES4_Comment|}}} }} |15={{Chembox Jmol/format |localValue={{{Jmol5|{{{SMILES5|}}}}}} |ix_label={{{index5_label|}}} {{{SMILES5_Comment|}}} }} }}}}<!-- ----- 3DMet --> {{Chembox 3DMet |data={{unbulleted list |1= {{Chembox 3DMet/format |index=0 |localValue={{{3DMet|}}} |ix_label={{{index_label|}}} |comment={{{3DMet_Comment|}}} }} |11={{Chembox 3DMet/format |index=1 |localValue={{{3DMet1|}}} |ix_label={{{index1_label|}}} }} |12={{Chembox 3DMet/format |index=2 |localValue={{{3DMet2|}}} |ix_label={{{index2_label|}}} }} |13={{Chembox 3DMet/format |index=3 |localValue={{{3DMet3|}}} |ix_label={{{index3_label|}}} }} |14={{Chembox 3DMet/format |index=4 |localValue={{{3DMet4|}}} |ix_label={{{index4_label|}}} }} |15={{Chembox 3DMet/format |index=5 |localValue={{{3DMet5|}}} |ix_label={{{index5_label|}}} }} |16={{{3DMetOther|}}} }}}}<!-- ----- abbr --> {{#if:{{{Abbreviations|}}} |{{Chembox Abbreviations |value={{{Abbreviations|}}} }}}}<!-- ----- Beilstein --> {{#if:{{{Beilstein|}}} |{{Chembox Beilstein|value={{{Beilstein|}}} }}}}<!-- CHEBI ----- --> {{Chembox ChEBI |data={{unbulleted list |1={{Chembox ChEBI/format |localValue={{{ChEBI|}}} |ix_label={{{index_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEBI_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEBI_Ref|}}}}} |11={{Chembox ChEBI/format |localValue={{{ChEBI1|}}} |ix_label={{{index1_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEBI1_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEBI1_Ref|}}} }} |12={{Chembox ChEBI/format |localValue={{{ChEBI2|}}} |ix_label={{{index2_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEBI2_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEBI2_Ref|}}} }} |13={{Chembox ChEBI/format |localValue={{{ChEBI3|}}} |ix_label={{{index3_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEBI3_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEBI3_Ref|}}} }} |14={{Chembox ChEBI/format |localValue={{{ChEBI4|}}} |ix_label={{{index4_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEBI4_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEBI4_Ref|}}} }} |15={{Chembox ChEBI/format |localValue={{{ChEBI5|}}} |ix_label={{{index5_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEBI5_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEBI5_Ref|}}} }} |16={{{ChEBIOther|}}} }}}}<!-- CHEMBL ----- --> {{Chembox ChEMBL |data={{unbulleted list |1={{Chembox ChEMBL/format |localValue={{{ChEMBL|}}} |ix_label={{{index_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEMBL_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEMBL_Ref|}}} }} |11={{Chembox ChEMBL/format |localValue={{{ChEMBL1|}}} |ix_label={{{index1_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEMBL1_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEMBL1_Ref|}}} }} |12={{Chembox ChEMBL/format |localValue={{{ChEMBL2|}}} |ix_label={{{index2_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEMBL2_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEMBL2_Ref|}}} }} |13={{Chembox ChEMBL/format |localValue={{{ChEMBL3|}}} |ix_label={{{index3_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEMBL3_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEMBL3_Ref|}}} }} |14={{Chembox ChEMBL/format |localValue={{{ChEMBL4|}}} |ix_label={{{index4_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEMBL4_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEMBL4_Ref|}}} }} |15={{Chembox ChEMBL/format |localValue={{{ChEMBL5|}}} |ix_label={{{index5_label|}}} |comment={{{ChEMBL5_Comment|}}} |botref={{{ChEMBL5_Ref|}}} }} |16={{{ChEMBLOther|}}} }}}}<!-- 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|ix_label={{{index3_label|}}} {{{InChI3_Comment|}}} |InChI_Ref={{{InChI3_Ref|}}} |InChIkey={{{InChIKey3|}}} |InChIkey_Ref={{{InChIKey3_Ref|}}} }}}} |InChI4={{#if:{{{InChI4|}}}{{{InChIKey4|}}} |{{Chembox InChI/format |InChI={{{InChI4|}}} |ix_label={{{index4_label|}}} {{{InChI4_Comment|}}} |InChI_Ref={{{InChI4_Ref|}}} |InChIkey={{{InChIKey4|}}} |InChIkey_Ref={{{InChIKey4_Ref|}}} }}}} |InChI5={{#if:{{{InChI5|}}}{{{InChIKey5|}}} |{{Chembox InChI/format |InChI={{{InChI5|}}} |ix_label={{{index5_label|}}} {{{InChI5_Comment|}}} |InChI_Ref={{{InChI5_Ref|}}} |InChIkey={{{InChIKey5|}}} |InChIkey_Ref={{{InChIKey5_Ref|}}} }}}} |InChIOther={{{InChIOther|}}} }}}}<!-- ----- SMILES smiles ----- --> {{#if:{{{SMILES|}}}{{{SMILES1|}}}{{{SMILES2|}}}{{{SMILES3|}}}{{{SMILES4|}}}{{{SMILES5|}}}{{{SMILESOther|}}} |{{Chembox SMILES |SMILES ={{#if:{{{SMILES|}}}|{{Chembox SMILES/format |SMILES={{{SMILES|}}} |ix_label={{{index_label|}}} {{{SMILES_Comment|}}} }}}} |SMILES1={{#if:{{{SMILES1|}}}|{{Chembox 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|ignore_errors=true}}<!-- -->{{#switch:{{{temp_unit|}}} |= |C ={{#if:{{{temp_text|}}}|&#x20;}}{{convert|{{{temp_C|}}} {{{temp_F|}}}{{{temp_K|}}} |C |F K}} |F|K={{#if:{{{temp_text|}}}|&#x20;}}{{convert|{{{temp_F|}}} {{{temp_K|}}} |{{{temp_unit|}}} |C F K |disp=output only}}}}<!-- Note: this setup triggers a {convert} error when multiple temp inputs (C, F, K) -->{{{temp_ref|}}} {{{temp_notes|}}}}}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 8mf0q347j93r8in3zfhj0vba9337y86 0 19419 309141 215379 2026-09-23T04:01:37Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309141 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Greater London UK location map 2.svg|thumb|maabka fulham ee london]] [[File:Fulham Palace courtyard - geograph.org.uk - 835758.jpg|thumb|Qasriga Fulham waxa la dhisay 1495]] '''Fulham''' waa xaafad ka mida xaafadaha [[London]], waxay ku taallaa qaybta galbeedka, 2007 ayaa lagu daray dhulka ay gaartay magaalada london ee dalka [[Ingiriiska]]. Fulham waxay taariikh u leedahay warshadaha iyo ganacsiyada dib udhiska illaa qarnigii 15aad, oo leh dhejiyo, dhar wasakhaysan, waraaqo iyo diyaargarow qarniyadii 17-aad iyo 18aad ee haatan Fulham High Street, iyo ka-qaybqaadashada warshadaha baabuurta, hore duulimaadka, waxsoosaarka cuntada, iyo isboortiga. [4] Lillie Bridge Depot, oo ah dekedda tareenada ee la furay 1872, ayaa la xidhiidhay dhismaha iyo kordhinta dhismaha London Underground, farsamaynta khadadka Tube ee laga soo galo Saldhig Waddooyinka Lots Lots, iyo in ka badan qarni qaran ayaa ahaa xarun dayactir ah stock and track. [5] [6] Fulham waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay tahay aag London ah oo ay leedahay wakiilada guryaha. [7] Laba kooxood oo kubadda cagta ah, Fulham iyo Chelsea, waxay ka ciyaaraan Fulham. [9] Waxaa jira laba naadi oo isboorti oo gaar ah, kooxda Hurlingham, oo loo yaqaan 'polo', iyo naadiga 'tennis-ka', oo loo yaqaano tartanka tennis-ka ee pre-Wimbledon sannadkiiba [10] 1800naadkii, Lillie Bridge Grounds waxay martigelisay shirarkii ugu horreeyay ee Isboortiga Amateur Athletic ee England, finalka FA Cup ee labaad, iyo kulamada ugu horeeya ee kubada cagta. Goobta Lillie Bridge waxay ahayd aagga guriga ee ka tirsan Club of Middlesex County Cricket Club, ka hor inta aysan u guurin Marylebone. [13] {{Gumud}} ==Xigasho== * [http://www.fulhamsw6.com/ FulhamSW6.com Local news and information for the Fulham area] * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/whereyoulive/west/hammersmith/index.shtml BBC Guide to Hammersmith, Fulham and Chiswick] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/london/whereyoulive/west/hammersmith/index.shtml |date=20020807173707 }} * [http://www.fhhs.org.uk/ Fulham & Hammersmith Historical Society] * [http://www.lbhf.gov.uk/index3.htm London Borough of Hammersmith & Fulham] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lbhf.gov.uk/index3.htm |date=20050615001436 }} * [http://www.lbhf.gov.uk/our_borough/bguide/default.htm The Borough Guide from the Borough Council] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lbhf.gov.uk/our_borough/bguide/default.htm |date=20050525133937 }} dyq4xzldaqnujzsxly11lqg0q68fy0k 0 19603 309124 300759 2026-09-23T02:42:36Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309124 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Somalia map states regions districts.png|thumb|Khariirada Soomaaliya, Maamullada, Gobollada iyo Degmooyinka]] [[Al-Shabaab|Ururka Al-Shabaab]] ayaa weeraray xarunta Ciidanka Midow Afrika ([[Amisom]]) ee [[Leego]] oo ah degmo ka tirsan Gobolka [[Baay]], waxayna ku dileen wax ka badan 70 askari oo ka tirsan ciidankaas, waxayna la wareegeen gabi ahaan saldhigii ciidanka [[Ciidamada Midowga Afrika|Amisom]] 26 [[juun]] [[2015]].<ref><cite class="citation web">[http://www.voanews.com/content/suicide-bomber-attacks-african-union-base-somalia/2837996.html "Al-Shabab Attack Kills Scores of AU Troops"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/suicide-bomber-attacks-african-union-base-somalia/2837996.html |date=20150629221721 }}. </cite></ref><ref><cite class="citation web">[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/26/al-shabaab-attacks-african-union-base-somalia-scores-killed "Al-Shabaab kills dozens of African Union troops at base in Somalia"]. ''the Guardian''.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Leego+%282015%29&rft.atitle=Al-Shabaab+kills+dozens+of+African+Union+troops+at+base+in+Somalia&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Fjun%2F26%2Fal-shabaab-attacks-african-union-base-somalia-scores-killed&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal">&nbsp;</span></ref><ref name="mgafrica"><cite class="citation web">[http://mgafrica.com/article/2015-06-26-al-shabaab-militants-overrun-african-union-somalia-base-manned-by-burundi-troops "UPDATE: Al-Shabaab claim killing 30 as they 'overrun' AU Somalia base manned by Burundi troops"] {{Wayback|url=http://mgafrica.com/article/2015-06-26-al-shabaab-militants-overrun-african-union-somalia-base-manned-by-burundi-troops |date=20150717042844 }}. </cite></ref> Qaybta hore ee xerada [[Ciidamada Midowga Afrika|Ciidanka Amison]] oo ay joogeen ku dhawaad 100 askari oo [[Burundi|Burund<nowiki/>ees]] ah ayaa lagu weeraray [[baabuur]] miinaysan, iyo gantaalada garabka laga rido ee sabanka ([[RPG]]) iyo hubka darandooriga u dhaca. [[Dowlad|Ciidamada dowlada]] [[soomaaliya]] ayaa dib ugala wareegay [[Al-Shabaab|Al-shabaab]]  28kii [[juun]] markii  ay isaga bexeen iyagoo muujin wax iska caabin ah. ka dib markii ay qoorta ka gooyeen gudoomiye ku xigeenkii degaanka maxaabiisna ay hore u sii kexeysteen.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201506290645.html]</ref> == Tixraac == {{Reflist|30em}} {{Gumud}} [[Category:Dagaal]] [[Category:Duullaan]] 7k3i28w1xnro6nmp5bujvwzjsqmqgtf 0 28488 309235 277098 2026-09-23T09:43:29Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309235 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Trybishop''' ama '''TRYBISHOP''' wuxuu ku dhashay '''Jeremy Hicks''' oo kutaal [[Saint Paul]] gudaha [[Minnesota]] ee dalka Maraykanka ahna [[Ameerikaan] qoobka ciyaariste, farshaxaniiste iyo soo saare kanasoo jeeda Minnesota.<ref name=RevertNation>{{cite web|url=https://www.reverbnation.com/trybishop|title=TryBishop artist biography|work=Reverb Nation|access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref> Wuxuu sidhow ulashaqeeyay farshaxaniistayaal caan ah kuwaas oo xusid badan mudan. [[T-pain]], [[Jeezy]], [[Dolla]], 1500 ama Nothin, Da Internz iyo Curtis Williams. ==Taariikh nololeedkiisa== Wuxuu kudhashay Jeremy Hicks gudaha Saint Paul, [[Minnesota]].<ref name=RevertNation/> Xiisayntii muusiga ee TryBishop waxay bilaabatay markii uu jiray lix sano. Xiisayntiisa muusigu uu sii kordhay sanadahaas sida uu usoosaaray muusig asaga ugaar ah.iyo lanashaqeeyay kuwabadan oo xusid mudan xaga qoobka ciyaarka, raabka iyo farshaxanka ee gudaha dalka Maraykanka.<ref name=RevertNation/> ==Xirfadda== Sanado badan kadib, Trybishop wuxuu soosaaray heeso kala duwan iyo bandhig farshaxano badan. (1) ==Wax soosaarkiisa== Trybishop wuxuu soosaaray heesta “Movin It” taasoo Tech N9ne, Beatnick, wrekoniz, iyo K-salaam<ref name=Genius>{{cite web|url=https://genius.com/Beatnick-and-k-salaam-movin-it-lyrics|title=Movin' It (Beatnick & K-Salaam)|work=Genius|access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.massappeal.com/beatnick-k-salaam-tech-n9ne-wrekonize-movin-it-premiere/|title=Beatnick, K-Salaam, Tech N9ne, Wrekonize: Movin' It premiere|access-date=2019-05-16|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229190552/http://archive.massappeal.com/beatnick-k-salaam-tech-n9ne-wrekonize-movin-it-premiere/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>. Iyo sidoo kale waa soosaare buuga sawirada (waa dhibaato) by Da' T.R.U.T.H.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/its-complicated-mw0002914635/credits|title=It’s Complicated|work=AllMusic.com|access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref> Heesa kale oo uu soosaaray TRybishop waxaa ka mid ah heesta loogu talagalay Big K.R.L.T.<ref name=Genius/> ==Bandhig== Sanadkii 2012, Trybishop wuxuu soo bandhigay heesta by Christopher Dotson.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chrishan-shut-the-fuck-up-song.858171.html|title=Chrishan, Feat. TryBishop|work=Hot New Hip Hop|first=DJ|last=Ill Will|date=June 8, 2012|access-date=2019-05-16|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2019-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527234223/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/chrishan-shut-the-fuck-up-song.858171.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> iyo sidoo kale heestii “ thing now” oo leh T-pain. Intaas waxaa dheer, Trybishop wuxuu sidoo kale soo bandhigay farshaxano aadka looya qaan ee Dolla iyo Jeezy. Trybishop wuxuu kaloo soo bandhigay heestii xayawaanka (shinbirihii) 2014 kii,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://genius.com/Auburn-the-birds-lyrics|title=Auburn's “The Birds”|work=Genius|access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref> sidoo kale wuxuu ka dhex muuqday buuga sawirada ee Curtis Williams.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0930323/ IMDb]</ref> Sanadkii 2015 kii, Trybishop oo kaashanaya EP ayaa soo bandhigay 1500 ama Nothin, Childish Major, Da’Internz iyo Prem Midha.<ref name=StrangeMusic>{{cite web|url=https://www.strangemusicinc.com/2017/08/strange-music/tech-wrek-moving-it/|title=India Shawn & James Fauntleroy – Outer Limits [EP Stream]|work=Strange Music Inc|first=Joe|last=Walker|date=March 5, 2015|access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref> Inta badan dhawantii 2019. Trybishop wuxuu ka dhex muuqday buuga sawiradii Vernia oo leh Erick Sermon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/erick-sermon-drops-of-refreshing-hip-hop-project-vernia-new-mixtape.119051.html|title=Erick Sermon Drops Of Refreshing Hip Hop Project, "Vernia"|last=Marie|first=Erika|date=April 19, 2019|website=HotNewHipHop|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401113200/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/erick-sermon-drops-of-refreshing-hip-hop-project-vernia-new-mixtape.119051.html|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 1, 2022|dead-url=|access-date=April 19, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.51044/title.erick-sermon-recruits-raekwon-n-o-r-e-for-my-style-ahead-of-vernia-album|title=Erick Sermon Recruits Raekwon & N.O.R.E. For "My Style" Ahead Of "Vernia" Album|last=Ivey|first=Justin|date=April 16, 2019|website=[[HipHopDX]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417011359/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.51044/title.erick-sermon-recruits-raekwon-n-o-r-e-for-my-style-ahead-of-vernia-album|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 17, 2019|dead-url=yes|access-date=April 17, 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/vernia/1459687706|title=Vernia by Erick Sermon|date=April 19, 2019|website=[[iTunes]]|language=en-us|access-date=April 19, 2019}}</ref> ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Muusig]] dh3ce5zqpes03lot99gbava4nq19efx 0 31512 309213 212079 2026-09-23T05:48:54Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{italic title}} {{Infobox film | name = Kalank | image = | caption = | director = [[Abhishek Varman]] | producer = | story = [[Shibani Bathija]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/karan-johar-kalank-producer-teaser-launch-cast-event-5622439/|title=Karan Johar: Kalank is a labour of love|date=12 March 2019|newspaper=The Indian Express|first=Komal Rj|last=Panchal|accessdate=28 March 2019}}</ref> | writer = [[Hussain Dalal]]<br />{{Small|(dialogue)}} | screenplay = [[Abhishek Varman]] | starring = [[Madhuri Dixit]]<br />[[Sonakshi Sinha]]<br />[[Alia Bhatt]]<br />[[Varun Dhawan]]<br />[[Aditya Roy Kapur]]<br />[[Sanjay Dutt]]<br />[[Kunal Khemu]] | music = | cinematography = [[Binod Pradhan]] | editing = [[Namrata Rao]] | studio = [[Fox Star Studios]]<br />[[Dharma Productions]]<br />[[Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment]] | distributor = [[Fox Star Studios]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hooli |first1=Shekhar H. |title=Kalank box office collection: These are the 2 reasons for this multi-starrer multi-crore disaster |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/kalank-box-office-collection-these-are-2-reasons-this-multi-crore-multi-starrer-disaster-796348 |accessdate=20 August 2019 |work=International Business Times, India Edition |date=21 April 2019 |language=english}}</ref> | released = 17kii Abriil 2019 | runtime = 166 daqiiqado<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/kalank-2019|title=Kalank|publisher=British Board of Film Classification|language=en|access-date=13 April 2019|archive-date=12 Bisha Afraad 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412225332/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/kalank-2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> | country = [[Hindiya]] | language = [[Hindi]] | budget = ₹150 [[crore]] | gross = 146.31 crore<ref name="boxkalank">{{cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/kalank/box-office/ |title=Kalank Box Office |access-date=26 May 2019 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref> }} '''''Kalank''''' (<small>Ku dhawaaqida Hindi:</small> [kələnk]) waa 2019 [[Bollywood|filim Hindi]], jilayaasha filimka waa [[Madhuri Dixit]], [[Sonakshi Sinha]], [[Alia Bhatt]], [[Varun Dhawan]], [[Aditya Roy Kapur]], [[Sanjay Dutt]], iyo [[Kunal Khemu]].<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/movies/kalank-get-ready-for-an-epic-drama-starring-alia-bhatt-varun-dhawan-madhuri-dixit-sanjay-dutt-and-more-1721519.html "Kalank: Madhuri-Sanjay To Reunite on Screen Along With Alia, Varun, Sonakshi and Aditya"]</ref><ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/kalank-alia-bhatt-varun-dhawan-madhuri-dixit-sanjay-dutt-5141878/ "Kalank: Varun-Alia, Madhuri-Sanjay to share screen space in Karan Johar's next"]</ref> Filimkan waxaa la sii daayey 17kii Abriil 2019.<ref>[https://twitter.com/taran_adarsh/status/1104259486619918336?s=19 <nowiki>"IT'S FINAL... #Kalank to release on 17 April 2019 [was slated for release on 19 April 2019 initially]... Will be a 5-day *extended* opening weekend... Teaser will be out on 12 March 2019"</nowiki>] ''[[Twitter]]''</ref> == Xiriirinta dibedda == * [https://m.imdb.com/title/tt6988116/ ''Kalank'' - IMDb] * [https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/kalank ''Kalank'' - Rotten Tomatoes] * [https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/amp/movie/kalank/critic-review/kalank-movie-review/ ''Kalank'' - Bollywood Hungama] == Tixraacyo == <references /> 3biocttvlthnnpytjm09ix3v2so2qhw 309214 309213 2026-09-23T05:48:57Z KiranBOT 41360 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v3.1.1-current 309214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{italic title}} {{Infobox film | name = Kalank | image = | caption = | director = [[Abhishek Varman]] | producer = | story = [[Shibani Bathija]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/karan-johar-kalank-producer-teaser-launch-cast-event-5622439/|title=Karan Johar: Kalank is a labour of love|date=12 March 2019|newspaper=The Indian Express|first=Komal Rj|last=Panchal|accessdate=28 March 2019}}</ref> | writer = [[Hussain Dalal]]<br />{{Small|(dialogue)}} | screenplay = [[Abhishek Varman]] | starring = [[Madhuri Dixit]]<br />[[Sonakshi Sinha]]<br />[[Alia Bhatt]]<br />[[Varun Dhawan]]<br />[[Aditya Roy Kapur]]<br />[[Sanjay Dutt]]<br />[[Kunal Khemu]] | music = | cinematography = [[Binod Pradhan]] | editing = [[Namrata Rao]] | studio = [[Fox Star Studios]]<br />[[Dharma Productions]]<br />[[Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment]] | distributor = [[Fox Star Studios]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hooli |first1=Shekhar H. |title=Kalank box office collection: These are the 2 reasons for this multi-starrer multi-crore disaster |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/kalank-box-office-collection-these-are-2-reasons-this-multi-crore-multi-starrer-disaster-796348 |accessdate=20 August 2019 |work=International Business Times, India Edition |date=21 April 2019 |language=english}}</ref> | released = 17kii Abriil 2019 | runtime = 166 daqiiqado<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/kalank-2019|title=Kalank|publisher=British Board of Film Classification|language=en|access-date=13 April 2019|archive-date=12 Bisha Afraad 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412225332/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/kalank-2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> | country = [[Hindiya]] | language = [[Hindi]] | budget = ₹150 [[crore]] | gross = 146.31 crore<ref name="boxkalank">{{cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/kalank/box-office/ |title=Kalank Box Office |access-date=26 May 2019 |website=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref> }} '''''Kalank''''' (<small>Ku dhawaaqida Hindi:</small> [kələnk]) waa 2019 [[Bollywood|filim Hindi]], jilayaasha filimka waa [[Madhuri Dixit]], [[Sonakshi Sinha]], [[Alia Bhatt]], [[Varun Dhawan]], [[Aditya Roy Kapur]], [[Sanjay Dutt]], iyo [[Kunal Khemu]].<ref>[https://www.news18.com/news/movies/kalank-get-ready-for-an-epic-drama-starring-alia-bhatt-varun-dhawan-madhuri-dixit-sanjay-dutt-and-more-1721519.html "Kalank: Madhuri-Sanjay To Reunite on Screen Along With Alia, Varun, Sonakshi and Aditya"]</ref><ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/kalank-alia-bhatt-varun-dhawan-madhuri-dixit-sanjay-dutt-5141878/ "Kalank: Varun-Alia, Madhuri-Sanjay to share screen space in Karan Johar's next"]</ref> Filimkan waxaa la sii daayey 17kii Abriil 2019.<ref>[https://twitter.com/taran_adarsh/status/1104259486619918336?s=19 <nowiki>"IT'S FINAL... #Kalank to release on 17 April 2019 [was slated for release on 19 April 2019 initially]... Will be a 5-day *extended* opening weekend... Teaser will be out on 12 March 2019"</nowiki>] ''[[Twitter]]''</ref> == Xiriirinta dibedda == * [https://m.imdb.com/title/tt6988116/ ''Kalank'' - IMDb] * [https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/kalank ''Kalank'' - Rotten Tomatoes] * [https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/kalank/critic-review/kalank-movie-review/ ''Kalank'' - Bollywood Hungama] == Tixraacyo == <references /> 768gp8wyiirx2crqygxl9kdjvw1m09y 0 31748 309113 305854 2026-09-23T00:58:04Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309113 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar.jpg|thumb|right|B. R. Ambedkar]] '''Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar''' (14 Abriil [[1891]] - 6 Disembar [[1956]]), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar''', wuxuu ahaa sharci yaqaan Hindi, dhaqaaleyahan, siyaasi iyo dib u habeyn bulsho. Wuxuu dhiirrigeliyay dhaqdhaqaaqa Dalit Buddhist wuxuuna u ololeeyay kahortagga takoorka bulshada ee ku saabsan lama taabtaan (Dalits). Wuxuu sidoo kale taageeray xuquuqda haweenka iyo shaqaalaha. Wuxuu ahaa wasiirkii ugu horreeyay ee Sharciga iyo Cadaaladda ee Hindiya, wuxuu ahaa naqshadeeyaha dastuurka Hindiya, iyo aabihii aasaasay Jamhuuriyadda Hindiya.<ref>[https://c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/remarkable_columbians/bhimrao_ambedkar.html Bhimrao Ambedkar]</ref><ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/parenting/learning/ambedkar-jayanti-2019-facts-babasaheb-for-kids-5672744/ Ambedkar Jayanti 2019: Facts on Babasaheb to share with kids | Parenting News,The Indian Express]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=How India’s Most Downtrodden Embraced the Power of Statues |url=https://www.bloombergquint.com/opinion/in-india-dalits-show-power-of-building-statues |access-date=2020-11-11 |archive-date=2020-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026043029/https://www.bloombergquint.com/opinion/in-india-dalits-show-power-of-building-statues |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bhimrao-Ramji-Ambedkar Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar | Biography, Books, & Facts | Britannica]</ref><ref>[https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/all-you-need-to-know-about-br-ambedkar-on-his-129th-birth-anniversary-2211747 All You Need To Know About BR Ambedkar On His 129th Birth Anniversary]</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780691157863 |date=2013 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691157863 |editor-last=Buswell |editor-first=Robert Jr |editor=Robert Buswell Jr. |location=Princeton, NJ |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780691157863/page/34 34] |ref=harv |editor-last2=Lopez |editor-first2=Donald S. Jr. |editor=Donald S. Lopez, Jr.}}</ref> Sannadkii [[1956]], wuxuu bilaabay in la beddelo dad badan oo loo yaqaan 'Dalits', isagoo u beddelay Buddhism taageerayaasha 600,000. Wuxuu dib u soo nooleeyay Buddhism-ka Hindiya. Ambedkar waxaa loo arkaa inuu yahay bodhisattva, iyo Maitreya, oo ka mid ah Buddhistyada Navayana.<ref>https://theprint.in/opinion/why-ambedkar-chose-buddhism-over-hinduism-islam-christianity/237599/</ref><ref>https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/buddha-purnima-special-why-ambedkar-coverted-to-buddhism-6397742/</ref><ref>https://www.thequint.com/news/india/br-ambedkar-conversion-to-buddhism</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Christopher Queen|editor=Steven M. Emmanuel|title=A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P_lmCgAAQBAJ |year=2015|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-119-14466-3|pages=529–531}}</ref> Sannadkii [[1990]], Bharat Ratna, oo ah abaalmarinta ugu sarraysa ee rayid ee Hindiya, ayaa si rasmiya loo siiyay Ambedkar. Dhaxalka Ambedkar waxaa ka mid ah xusuus iyo sawirro badan oo ku saabsan dhaqanka caanka ah. Dhaxalka Ambedkar ee dib u habeyn dhaqan-siyaasadeed, wuxuu saameyn qoto dheer ku yeeshay Hindiya casriga ah.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Joshi |first=Barbara R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y9CUItMT1zQC&pg=PA13 |title=Untouchable!: Voices of the Dalit Liberation Movement |publisher=Zed Books |year=1986 |isbn=9780862324605 |pages=11–14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729072018/https://books.google.com/books?id=y9CUItMT1zQC&pg=PA13 |archive-date=29 July 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Keer |first=D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B-2d6jzRmBQC&pg=PA61 |title=Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission |publisher=Popular Prakashan |year=1990 |isbn=9788171542376 |page=61 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730015400/https://books.google.com/books?id=B-2d6jzRmBQC&pg=PA61 |archive-date=30 July 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Ambedkar waxaa loo codeeyey "Hindida ugu Fiican" (The greatest Indian) [[2012]] codbixin ay soo qaban qaabiyeen Taariikhda TV18 iyo CNN IBN.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/a-measure-of-the-man/281949 |access-date=2020-11-11 |archive-date=2016-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314100039/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/a-measure-of-the-man/281949 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ambedkar Jayanti (Ambedkar dhalashadiisa) waa xaflad sanadle ah oo loo dabaaldego 14-ka Abriil, taas oo looga dabaal dago dalka Hindiya oo keliya laakiin adduunka oo dhan laga xuso. Ambedkar Jayanti waxaa looga dabaaldegay inuu yahay maalin rasmi ah fasax guud guud ahaan Hindiya.<ref>http://ccis.nic.in/WriteReadData/CircularPortal/D2/D02est/12_6_2015_JCA-2-19032015.pdf {{Wayback|url=http://ccis.nic.in/WriteReadData/CircularPortal/D2/D02est/12_6_2015_JCA-2-19032015.pdf |date=20150405042913 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405042913/http://ccis.nic.in/WriteReadData/CircularPortal/D2/D02est/12_6_2015_JCA-2-19032015.pdf |date=5 April 2015}} Ambedkar Jayanti from ccis.nic.in on 19 March 2015</ref><ref>http://persmin.gov.in/ Webpage of Ministry of Personnel and Public Grievance & Pension</ref><ref>[http://mea.gov.in/ambedkar-final/mcelebration.htm 125th Dr. Ambedkar Birthday Celebrations Around the World.] mea.gov.in</ref> Qaramada Midoobay waxay u dabaaldegtay Ambedkar Jayanti sanadihii 2016, 2017 iyo 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/ambedkar-jayanti-celebrated-for-the-first-time-outside-india-as-un-organises-special-event-2730772.html|title=Ambedkar Jayanti celebrated for the first time outside India as UN organises special event - Firstpost|website=firstpost.com|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2018/apr/14/un-celebrates-ambedkars-legacy-fighting-inequality-inspiring-inclusion-1801468.html|title=UN celebrates Ambedkar's legacy 'fighting inequality, inspiring inclusion'|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newsstate.com/world-news/babasaheb-ambedkar-jayanti-celebrated-in-united-nations-article-52584.html|title=संयुक्त राष्ट्र में मनाई गई डॉ. बाबासाहेब भीमराव आंबेडकर जयंती - News State|work=newsstate.com|access-date=2018-11-09|language=en|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2019-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419065326/https://www.newsstate.com/world-news/babasaheb-ambedkar-jayanti-celebrated-in-united-nations-article-52584.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ==Xigasho== {{reflist}} [[Category:Hindiya]] [[Category:Aasiya]] [[Category:Siyaasad]] fxsoqtvrumaayeoqw0xjhv6hpyxzstr 0 31856 308917 268327 2026-09-22T13:13:27Z ~2026-51039-81 47503 308917 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Stele Ra-Horakhty Louvre E5789.jpg|thumb|280px|Wadaadka Renpetmaa oo dhiil cadar ah ugu dhiibaya eebbe Waaq]] Re-Hor-achti, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Re-Horakhty, waa mid ka mid ah ilaahyadii Masar-tii hore, kaas oo ay dadkii Masar-tii hore ku mideeyeen ilaaha Ra (oo lagu matalo saxanka qorraxda) iyo Horus (oo la xiriira jihooyinka qorrax-soo-baxa iyo qorrax-dhaca).[1] Wadaad bixinaya weelal ay ku jiraan saliidaha udgoon oo loo sameeyay ilaaha Re-Hor-achti. Waa loox dhagax ah oo laga soo bilaabay sanadkii 900 BC, kuna yaal Matxafka Louvre ee dalka Faransiiska. (Wuxuu ka soo jeedaa xilligii Boqortooyadii Laba-iyo-labaatanaad.) Waxaa lagu asteeyaa qaabka shimbirta "falcon" (nooc gorgorka ka mid ah) oo madaxeeda uu saaran yahay saxanka qorraxdu, sida soo socota: ama Waxaa loo dhawaaqaa: Ra(u)-heru-achti. Khubaradu waxay u qoraan sidan: Rˁ.w-ḥr.w-3ḫ.tj. Macnaha Dadkii Masar-tii hore waxay aaminsanaayeen in qorraxdu ay tahay isha nolosha, waxayna u arkayeen ilaah ay ugu yeeri jireen Ra. Caqiidadan ayaa si gaar ah ugu baahnayd waqooyiga Masar, halkaas oo magaalada On (Heliopolis) ay ahayd xarunta cibaadadan.[2] Wadaaddadu waxay ilaahan u qaadeen heerka ilaaha caalamiga ah (ilaaha guud). Koonfurta, gaar ahaan Edfu, waxaa ku faafay cibaadada Horus. Ka dib markii la mideeyay waqooyiga iyo koonfurta, wadaaddadu waxay mideeyeen ilaahyadii waqooyiga iyo koonfurta iyagoo ka dhigay hal ilaah oo ah Ra-Horakhty... Intii lagu jiray xukunkii Boqor Akhenaten, wadaaddadu waxay caabudi jireen Ra-Horakhty. Sanadihii ugu horreeyay xukunkiisa, Akhenaten wuxuu oggolaaday in la sameeyo cibaadooyinka diimeed qaabkan la dhaxlay. Kadib, markii uu u wareegay caabudidda ilaaha Aten (oo lagu matalo qorraxda), wuxuu ugu yeeray "Ra-Horakhty."[3] Xarumaha Cibaadada Qofka dhintay ee la oran jiray Dyedjonsuiuesanj ayaa cunto, biyo, iyo ubax u soo bandhigaya Ra-Horakhty miiska qurbaanka. Kor-ka-xigooda waxaa ku yaal sawirka saxanka qorraxda oo leh baalal waaweyn. Qaabka isku-dhafka ah ee ilaahyada Ra iyo Horus ayaa bilaabay inay soo baxaan qiyaastii sanadkii 2445 BC macbadka qorraxda ee uu dhisay Nyuserre tuulada Abusir. Waxaa sidoo kale lagu caabudi jiray macbadyada ku yaal Wadi el-Sebua, Amadah, Derr, iyo macbadka Abu Simbel ee uu dhisay Ramses II.[4] Qaabka Ra-Horakhty ayaa laga helay heeso ammaan ah iyo ducooyin barakeysan oo kala duwan. Muuqaalka iyo Astaamaha Waxaa lagu matalaa isagoo ah Ra xilliga duhurkii, taas oo ka dhigan heerka uu ku leeyahay ammaanta dhulka. Badanaa waxaa lagu sawiraa qaab bini'aadam leh maqaar cas, isagoo taagan ama fadhiya, isla markaana leh madax gorgor oo ay saaran tahay taaj ka kooban saxanka qorraxda oo ay ku wareegsan tahay mas-masduuleedka loo yaqaan *uraeus*.[5] [[category:Diin]] 2dnf9xybda4x0zj0gg7vskrvrae9gnw 308918 308917 2026-09-22T13:16:11Z ~2026-51039-81 47503 308918 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Stele Ra-Horakhty Louvre E5789.jpg|thumb|280px|Wadaadka Renpetmaa oo dhiil cadar ah ugu dhiibaya eebbe Waaq]]{{Sharraxaad kooban|Ilaah Masaari ah}} '''Re-Hor-achti''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Re-Horakhty''', waa mid ka mid ah ilaahyadii Masaarida hore, kaas oo ay ku midoobeen ilaaha [[Ra]] (oo lagu matalo saxanka qorraxda) iyo [[Horus]] (oo la xiriira jihooyinka qorrax-soo-baxa iyo qorrax-dhaca).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Egypt|first=ETB Tours|last2=Egypt|first2=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient|title=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient Egypt|url=https://www.etbtoursegypt.com/Wiki/religion-in-egypt/re-hor-achti-god-of-ancient-egypt|access-date=2025-05-15|website=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient Egypt|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Stele_Ra-Horakhty_Louvre_E5789.jpg|thumb|Wadaad bixinaya weelal ay ku jiraan saliidaha udgoon oo loo sameeyay ilaaha Re-Hor-achti. Kiniin dhagax ah oo laga soo bilaabay 900 BC, kuna yaal Matxafka Louvre, Faransiiska. (Wuxuu ka soo jeedaa xilligii Boqortooyadii Laba-iyo-labaatanaad.)]] Waxaa lagu matalaa shimbirta 'falcon' (nooc gorgorka ka mid ah) oo madaxeeda saaran yahay saxanka qorraxda, sida soo socota:<hiero>G9</hiero>ama<hiero>ra:Z1-G7-Axt:t*y</hiero>Waxaa loo dhawaaqaa: Ra(u)-heru-achti. Khubaradu waxay u qoraan sidan: Rˁ.w-ḥr.w-3ḫ.tj. == Macnaha == Masaaridii hore waxay aaminsanaayeen in qorraxdu ay tahay isha nolosha, waxayna u arkayeen ilaah, kaas oo ay ugu yeeri jireen Ra. Caqiidadan ayaa si gaar ah ugu baahnayd waqooyiga Masar, halkaas oo magaalada On (Heliopolis) ay ahayd xarunta cibaadadan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-11|title=New ancient Egyptian artifacts unearthed|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/27083/New-ancient-Egyptian-artifacts-unearthed|access-date=2025-05-15|website=EgyptToday}}</ref> Wadaaddadu waxay ilaahnimada ilaahnimadan u qaadeen heerka ilaaha caalamiga ah. Koonfurta, gaar ahaan magaalada Edfu, waxaa ku faafay cibaadada Horus. Ka dib markii la mideeyay waqooyiga iyo koonfurta, wadaaddadu waxay mideeyeen ilaahyadii waqooyiga iyo koonfurta iyagoo ka dhigay hal ilaah oo la yiraahdo Ra-Horakhty... Intii lagu jiray xukunkii Boqor [[Akhenaten]], wadaaddadu waxay caabudi jireen Ra-Horakhty. Sanadihii ugu horreeyay xukunkiisa, Akhenaten wuxuu oggolaaday in la sameeyo cibaadooyinka diimeed qaabkii la soo dhaxlay. Kadib, markii uu u jeestay caabudidda ilaaha [[Aten]]—kaas oo lagu matalo [[qorraxda]]—wuxuu ku tilmaamay inuu yahay "Ra-Horakhty."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Akhenaten's Religious Revolution {{!}} Ancient Egyptian Religion Class Notes|url=https://library.fiveable.me/gods-graves-and-pyramids-ancient-egyptian-religion-and-ritual/unit-13|access-date=2025-05-22|website=library.fiveable.me}}</ref> == Xarumaha Cibaadada == [[File:Re-Horakhty_Stela.jpg|thumb|Qofka dhintay ee Dyedjonsuiuesanj ayaa miiska qurbaanka saaraya cunto, biyo, iyo ubax uu ugu deeqayo Ra-Horakhty. Kor-ka-xigooda waxaa ku yaal sawirka weyn ee saxanka qorraxda ee baalasha leh.]] Qaabka isku-dhafka ah ee ilaahyada Ra iyo Horus ayaa bilaabay inay soo baxaan qiyaastii sanadkii 2445 BC, gudaha macbadka qorraxda ee uu dhisay Nyuserre tuulada Abusir. Waxaa sidoo kale lagu caabudi jiray macbadyo ku yaalla Wadi el-Sebua, Amadah, Derr, iyo macbadka Abu Simbel oo uu dhisay Ramses II.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ilaaha Ra-Hr-Axty ee Memphis|url=https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_226095_8c6756d463d91cbd3cfc6d751314c95c.pdf}}</ref> Qaabka Ra-Horakhty ayaa laga helay heeso ammaan ah iyo [[Duco|ducoyin]] barakaysan oo kala duwan. == Muuqaalka iyo Astaamaha == Waxaa lagu matalaa isagoo ah Ra-da wakhtiga duhurkii, taas oo ka dhigan muuqaalkiisa sharafta leh ee dhulka. Badanaa waxaa lagu sawiraa nin leh maqaar cas, oo taagan ama fadhiya, isla markaana leh madax [[Baalkoon|baalkoon (nooc gorgor ah)]], kaas oo ay saaran tahay [[Qorrax|saxanka qorraxda]] oo ay ku wareegsan tahay [[uraeus]] (mas cobra ah).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ra-Horakhty: Ilaaha Qorraxda ee Awoodda badan leh ee Labada Dhinac|url=https://egyptatours.com/ra-horakhty/|access-date=2025-06-06|website=egyptatours.com|language=en-US}}</ref> [[category:Diin]] 1ts2dnijhnnsplazmp1u8uy4od13i29 308919 308918 2026-09-22T13:21:29Z ~2026-51039-81 47503 308919 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Stele Ra-Horakhty Louvre E5789.jpg|thumb|280px|Wadaadka Renpetmaa oo dhiil cadar ah ugu dhiibaya eebbe Waaq]]{{Sharraxaad kooban|Ilaah Masaari ah}} '''Re-Hor-achti''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Re-Horakhty''', waa mid ka mid ah ilaahyadii Masaarida hore, kaas oo ay ku midoobeen ilaaha [[Ra]] (oo lagu matalo saxanka qorraxda) iyo [[Horus]] (oo la xiriira jihooyinka qorrax-soo-baxa iyo qorrax-dhaca).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Egypt|first=ETB Tours|last2=Egypt|first2=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient|title=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient Egypt|url=https://www.etbtoursegypt.com/Wiki/religion-in-egypt/re-hor-achti-god-of-ancient-egypt|access-date=2025-05-15|website=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient Egypt|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Stele_Ra-Horakhty_Louvre_E5789.jpg|thumb|Wadaad bixinaya weelal ay ku jiraan saliidaha udgoon oo loo sameeyay ilaaha Re-Hor-achti. Kiniin dhagax ah oo laga soo bilaabay 900 BC, kuna yaal Matxafka Louvre, Faransiiska. (Wuxuu ka soo jeedaa xilligii Boqortooyadii Laba-iyo-labaatanaad.)]] Waxaa lagu matalaa shimbirta 'falcon' (nooc gorgorka ka mid ah) oo madaxeeda saaran yahay saxanka qorraxda, sida soo socota:<hiero>G9</hiero>ama<hiero>ra:Z1-G7-Axt:t*y</hiero>Waxaa loo dhawaaqaa: Ra(u)-heru-achti. Khubaradu waxay u qoraan sidan: Rˁ.w-ḥr.w-3ḫ.tj. oo weli lagu caabudo [[Kemetism-ka]] == Macnaha == Masaaridii hore waxay aaminsanaayeen in qorraxdu ay tahay isha nolosha, waxayna u arkayeen ilaah, kaas oo ay ugu yeeri jireen Ra. Caqiidadan ayaa si gaar ah ugu baahnayd waqooyiga Masar, halkaas oo magaalada On (Heliopolis) ay ahayd xarunta cibaadadan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-11|title=New ancient Egyptian artifacts unearthed|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/27083/New-ancient-Egyptian-artifacts-unearthed|access-date=2025-05-15|website=EgyptToday}}</ref> Wadaaddadu waxay ilaahnimada ilaahnimadan u qaadeen heerka ilaaha caalamiga ah. Koonfurta, gaar ahaan magaalada Edfu, waxaa ku faafay cibaadada Horus. Ka dib markii la mideeyay waqooyiga iyo koonfurta, wadaaddadu waxay mideeyeen ilaahyadii waqooyiga iyo koonfurta iyagoo ka dhigay hal ilaah oo la yiraahdo Ra-Horakhty... Intii lagu jiray xukunkii Boqor [[Akhenaten]], wadaaddadu waxay caabudi jireen Ra-Horakhty. Sanadihii ugu horreeyay xukunkiisa, Akhenaten wuxuu oggolaaday in la sameeyo cibaadooyinka diimeed qaabkii la soo dhaxlay. Kadib, markii uu u jeestay caabudidda ilaaha [[Aten]]—kaas oo lagu matalo [[qorraxda]]—wuxuu ku tilmaamay inuu yahay "Ra-Horakhty."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Akhenaten's Religious Revolution {{!}} Ancient Egyptian Religion Class Notes|url=https://library.fiveable.me/gods-graves-and-pyramids-ancient-egyptian-religion-and-ritual/unit-13|access-date=2025-05-22|website=library.fiveable.me}}</ref> == Xarumaha Cibaadada == [[File:Re-Horakhty_Stela.jpg|thumb|Qofka dhintay ee Dyedjonsuiuesanj ayaa miiska qurbaanka saaraya cunto, biyo, iyo ubax uu ugu deeqayo Ra-Horakhty. Kor-ka-xigooda waxaa ku yaal sawirka weyn ee saxanka qorraxda ee baalasha leh.]] Qaabka isku-dhafka ah ee ilaahyada Ra iyo Horus ayaa bilaabay inay soo baxaan qiyaastii sanadkii 2445 BC, gudaha macbadka qorraxda ee uu dhisay Nyuserre tuulada Abusir. Waxaa sidoo kale lagu caabudi jiray macbadyo ku yaalla Wadi el-Sebua, Amadah, Derr, iyo macbadka Abu Simbel oo uu dhisay Ramses II.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ilaaha Ra-Hr-Axty ee Memphis|url=https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_226095_8c6756d463d91cbd3cfc6d751314c95c.pdf}}</ref> Qaabka Ra-Horakhty ayaa laga helay heeso ammaan ah iyo [[Duco|ducoyin]] barakaysan oo kala duwan. == Muuqaalka iyo Astaamaha == Waxaa lagu matalaa isagoo ah Ra-da wakhtiga duhurkii, taas oo ka dhigan muuqaalkiisa sharafta leh ee dhulka. Badanaa waxaa lagu sawiraa nin leh maqaar cas, oo taagan ama fadhiya, isla markaana leh madax [[Baalkoon|baalkoon (nooc gorgor ah)]], kaas oo ay saaran tahay [[Qorrax|saxanka qorraxda]] oo ay ku wareegsan tahay [[uraeus]] (mas cobra ah).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ra-Horakhty: Ilaaha Qorraxda ee Awoodda badan leh ee Labada Dhinac|url=https://egyptatours.com/ra-horakhty/|access-date=2025-06-06|website=egyptatours.com|language=en-US}}</ref> [[category:Diin]] b2qv2svzwml2hnb9safqye44m7ntj75 309238 308919 2026-09-23T09:51:32Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309238 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Stele Ra-Horakhty Louvre E5789.jpg|thumb|280px|Wadaadka Renpetmaa oo dhiil cadar ah ugu dhiibaya eebbe Waaq]]{{Sharraxaad kooban|Ilaah Masaari ah}} '''Re-Hor-achti''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Re-Horakhty''', waa mid ka mid ah ilaahyadii Masaarida hore, kaas oo ay ku midoobeen ilaaha [[Ra]] (oo lagu matalo saxanka qorraxda) iyo [[Horus]] (oo la xiriira jihooyinka qorrax-soo-baxa iyo qorrax-dhaca).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Egypt|first=ETB Tours|last2=Egypt|first2=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient|title=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient Egypt|url=https://www.etbtoursegypt.com/Wiki/religion-in-egypt/re-hor-achti-god-of-ancient-egypt|access-date=2025-05-15|website=Ra-Hor-Achti: The God of Ancient Egypt|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Stele_Ra-Horakhty_Louvre_E5789.jpg|thumb|Wadaad bixinaya weelal ay ku jiraan saliidaha udgoon oo loo sameeyay ilaaha Re-Hor-achti. Kiniin dhagax ah oo laga soo bilaabay 900 BC, kuna yaal Matxafka Louvre, Faransiiska. (Wuxuu ka soo jeedaa xilligii Boqortooyadii Laba-iyo-labaatanaad.)]] Waxaa lagu matalaa shimbirta 'falcon' (nooc gorgorka ka mid ah) oo madaxeeda saaran yahay saxanka qorraxda, sida soo socota:<hiero>G9</hiero>ama<hiero>ra:Z1-G7-Axt:t*y</hiero>Waxaa loo dhawaaqaa: Ra(u)-heru-achti. Khubaradu waxay u qoraan sidan: Rˁ.w-ḥr.w-3ḫ.tj. oo weli lagu caabudo [[Kemetism-ka]] == Macnaha == Masaaridii hore waxay aaminsanaayeen in qorraxdu ay tahay isha nolosha, waxayna u arkayeen ilaah, kaas oo ay ugu yeeri jireen Ra. Caqiidadan ayaa si gaar ah ugu baahnayd waqooyiga Masar, halkaas oo magaalada On (Heliopolis) ay ahayd xarunta cibaadadan.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-11|title=New ancient Egyptian artifacts unearthed|url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/4/27083/New-ancient-Egyptian-artifacts-unearthed|access-date=2025-05-15|website=EgyptToday}}</ref> Wadaaddadu waxay ilaahnimada ilaahnimadan u qaadeen heerka ilaaha caalamiga ah. Koonfurta, gaar ahaan magaalada Edfu, waxaa ku faafay cibaadada Horus. Ka dib markii la mideeyay waqooyiga iyo koonfurta, wadaaddadu waxay mideeyeen ilaahyadii waqooyiga iyo koonfurta iyagoo ka dhigay hal ilaah oo la yiraahdo Ra-Horakhty... Intii lagu jiray xukunkii Boqor [[Akhenaten]], wadaaddadu waxay caabudi jireen Ra-Horakhty. Sanadihii ugu horreeyay xukunkiisa, Akhenaten wuxuu oggolaaday in la sameeyo cibaadooyinka diimeed qaabkii la soo dhaxlay. Kadib, markii uu u jeestay caabudidda ilaaha [[Aten]]—kaas oo lagu matalo [[qorraxda]]—wuxuu ku tilmaamay inuu yahay "Ra-Horakhty."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Akhenaten's Religious Revolution {{!}} Ancient Egyptian Religion Class Notes|url=https://library.fiveable.me/gods-graves-and-pyramids-ancient-egyptian-religion-and-ritual/unit-13|access-date=2025-05-22|website=library.fiveable.me}}</ref> == Xarumaha Cibaadada == [[File:Re-Horakhty_Stela.jpg|thumb|Qofka dhintay ee Dyedjonsuiuesanj ayaa miiska qurbaanka saaraya cunto, biyo, iyo ubax uu ugu deeqayo Ra-Horakhty. Kor-ka-xigooda waxaa ku yaal sawirka weyn ee saxanka qorraxda ee baalasha leh.]] Qaabka isku-dhafka ah ee ilaahyada Ra iyo Horus ayaa bilaabay inay soo baxaan qiyaastii sanadkii 2445 BC, gudaha macbadka qorraxda ee uu dhisay Nyuserre tuulada Abusir. Waxaa sidoo kale lagu caabudi jiray macbadyo ku yaalla Wadi el-Sebua, Amadah, Derr, iyo macbadka Abu Simbel oo uu dhisay Ramses II.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ilaaha Ra-Hr-Axty ee Memphis|url=https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_226095_8c6756d463d91cbd3cfc6d751314c95c.pdf|access-date=2026-09-22|archive-date=2025-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250505022551/https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_226095_8c6756d463d91cbd3cfc6d751314c95c.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Qaabka Ra-Horakhty ayaa laga helay heeso ammaan ah iyo [[Duco|ducoyin]] barakaysan oo kala duwan. == Muuqaalka iyo Astaamaha == Waxaa lagu matalaa isagoo ah Ra-da wakhtiga duhurkii, taas oo ka dhigan muuqaalkiisa sharafta leh ee dhulka. Badanaa waxaa lagu sawiraa nin leh maqaar cas, oo taagan ama fadhiya, isla markaana leh madax [[Baalkoon|baalkoon (nooc gorgor ah)]], kaas oo ay saaran tahay [[Qorrax|saxanka qorraxda]] oo ay ku wareegsan tahay [[uraeus]] (mas cobra ah).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ra-Horakhty: Ilaaha Qorraxda ee Awoodda badan leh ee Labada Dhinac|url=https://egyptatours.com/ra-horakhty/|access-date=2025-06-06|website=egyptatours.com|language=en-US}}</ref> [[category:Diin]] 6r1t4kkgsky2mwgyam0djioh8ued7jq 0 31878 309126 291411 2026-09-23T02:52:14Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox presidential government|<nowiki>160px]]</nowiki>|government_name=Government of Somaliland|image=Somaliland Government logo.svg|caption=Astaanta Xukuumada Somaliland|date={{start date and age|1991}}|jurisdiction=Somaliland|url=|legislature=[[Parliament of Somaliland|Parliament]]|leader_title=[[President of Somaliland]]|headquarters=Presidential Palace - Qasriga Madaxtooyada JSL|appointed=|main_organ=|departments=|court=|seat=[[Hargeisa]]|document=[[Constitution of Somaliland]]}}The '''Xukuumadda Somaliland ama Dowladda Somaliland''' ( '''JSL''' ) waa [[Dawlad midaysan|dowladda midaysan]] ee gacanta ku haysa Dhulka [[Somaliland]] waa dowlad [[Liiska gobolada leh aqoonsi xadidan|iskeed isku dhawaaqday]], caalamkuna u arko inay qayb ka tahay [[Soomaaliya]] [[Madaxwaynaha Somaliland|Madaxweynaha]] waa madaxa qaranka. Xukuumaddu waxay ka kooban tahay Madaxtooyada iyo saddex laamood oo kala ah: Sharci-dejinta ( [[Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland|Golaha Wakiillada]] ), Fulinta iyo [[Garsoorka Somaliland|Garsoorka]] . Dawladda [[De facto|dhabta]] ah ee Somaliland waxay isu tixgelinaysaa inay tahay dawlad [[Maxmiyad|beddashay maxmiyadii]] hore ee [[Dhulka Biritishka ee Soomaaliya|British Somaliland]] . == Dhisid == Markii uu qarxay [[Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya|dagaalladii sokeeye]] 1991-kii, go’aammadii Shirkii Beelaha Somaliland waxaa lagu qabtay magaalada [[Burco]] 27-kii Abriil illaa 5-tii May 1991-kii markii [[Ku dhawaaqida Gooni isu taaga Somaliland|xorriyadda]] lagala soo noqday 18-kii May 1991-kii. == Nidaamka dowladnimada == [[File:Sheikh-ibrahim-boorama-conference.jpg|left|thumb| Gudoomiyaha guurtida oo ku dhawaaqaya natiijada doorashada. [[Maxamed Cigaal|Maxamed Ibraahim Cigaal]] ayaa si aqlabiyad leh loogu doortay madaxweyne halka Cabdiraxmaan Aw Cali Faarax isna loo magacaabay madaxweyne-ku-xigeen.]] Somaliland waxay leedahay nidaam isku dhafan oo maamul oo isku dhafan hay'adaha dhaqanka iyo kuwa reer galbeedka. In taxane ah oo shirarka beelaha, ku dhammaatay ee [[Boorama|Borama]] Shirkii 1993, nidaam dawlad ''heybta'' (reeraha ama bulshada) waxaa la dhisay, kuwaas oo ka koobnaa Executive ah, oo leh madaxweyne, Madaxweyne ku-xigeenka, iyo dawladda sharci-dejinta; Sharci dejinta labada aqal; iyo garsoor madaxbanaan. The elderates dhaqameed Soomaali ''(Guurtida)'' waxa lagu daray qaab-dhismeedka maamul iyo sameeyay aqalka sare, mas'uul ka ah maaraynta isku dhacyada gudaha. Dawladnimadu waxay noqotay nuxur ahaan "isbahaysi awood-qaybsi ah oo ka socda qabaa'ilka ugu waaweyn ee Somaliland," iyadoo kuraasta Aqalka Sare iyo Aqalka Hoose si saami ahaan loogu qoondeeyey qabaa'ilka iyadoo lagu saleynayo qaaciido horay loo go'aamiyay. Sannadkii 2002, ka dib markii dhawr jeer loo kordhiyey dawladdan ku-meel-gaadhka ah, ugu dambayntii Somaliland waxay u gudubtay nidaamka dimuqraadiyadda xisbiyada badan, iyada oo doorashooyinka golayaasha deegaanka ay ku tartamayeen lix xisbi. Hoggaanka dalku wuxuu madaxwaynaha masuul kas igu sarreeya oo si toos ah oo wada jir ah ay u doortaan reer [[Somaliland]] . * Madaxda dowladda: * [[Madaxwaynaha Somaliland|Madaxweynaha Somaliland]] * [[Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland]] === Laanta sharci dejinta === * [[Baarlamaanka Somaliland]] ( labada aqal ) == Caasimadda == Dastuurku wuxuu u aqoonsan yahay [[Hargeysa]] inay tahay caasimadda Somaliland. Baarlamaanka Somaliland wuxuu ku shiraa magaalada, oo sidoo kale xarun u ah [[Maxkamadda Sare ee Somaliland|maxkamadda sare]] ee qaranka. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, Hargeisa waa xarunta madaxtooyada, oo uu degan yahay Madaxweynaha. Ku-xigeenka Madaxweynaha ayaa sidoo kale ku nool magaalada. == Baasaboorrada == Safar ahaan, muwaadiniinta reer Somaliland waxay ka heli karaan [[baasaboorka Somaliland]] meelaha ay dowladdu ugu talagashay. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibedda == * [https://www.govsomaliland.org/ Dawladda Somaliland] {{Wayback|url=https://www.govsomaliland.org/ |date=20251229033406 }} [[Category:Siyaasadda Somaliland]] [[Category:Dawladda Somaliland]] 7og0oivzuaaloddpkh8jeg6fo7ga2jw 0 32422 309123 305490 2026-09-23T02:41:46Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309123 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dagaalka Russka-Ukraine 2014]] [[File:War_in_donbass.svg|thumb|right|400px|Ciidamada Ruushka ee ku sugan Crimea]] [[File:2014-03-09_-_Perevalne_military_base_-_0203.JPG|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:2014-12-20._Праздник_солидарности_054.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Doorashaha yukraine dagaalki 2014-20//]] [[File:Курсанти Харківського університету Повітряних сил імені Івана Кожедуба під час занять (27252076546).jpg|thumb|right|400px|Askarta Ukraine]] [[File:1 ВЕЛИКА ГОЛОВНА DSC 2455.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Askarta Ukraine]] * [[2014]] - '''Maya Daman''' {{Flag|Ukraine}} {{Flag|Russia}} *Dilka Russika '''4000+''' kofkinka *Dilka Yukraine '''5000+''' kofkinka * Russika Baadca marcabka sugis Ukraine Xaaladda Dagaal ee [[Yukrayn]] ee dagaalka, dhulalkii Crimera iyo dagaalkii ka dhacay gobollada ukraine ee ciidammada ruushka ee xuduudaha waddanka ukraine, dacaayadaha bixinta gaaska iyo maalgalinta iyo dalalkii hore oo mid ah, xiisadda xuduudaha dhulka ee [[Ukraine]] iyo meelaha koonfurta ukriane u dhow gobolka [[Badda Madow|badda madow]], [[ruushka]] gaas balaaran iyo ukraine iyo lacag bixinta, ukraine waxay leedahay xulafooyin badan oo reer galbeed ah iyo doodo ku saabsan dhulka iyo khilaafaadka gobolada iyo maalgashiga ukriane, xubin ka tirsan ruushka xubin ka ah P5 Nations, iyo midowgii hore ee Soviet. kororka maraakiibta badda iyo ciidamada ku sugan gobollada xudduudaha ee Ukraine ayaa sabab u ah qulqulka siyaasadeed ee Yurub ee suurtagalka ah duulaanka bariga Ukraine * [https://www.jw.org/en/news/releases/by-region/ukraine/jehovahs-witnesses-ukraine-crimea-report/ Report on Witnesses in Ukraine and Crimea] ** [[Dagaalki Russia /Ukraine 2022]] == Documentary == * Baaritaan uu sameeyay siyaasiga dimuqraadiga ah ee Ruushka Alexei Navalny <ref>[https://navalny.com/p/6579/ Патриот за деньги. «Русский мир» в обмен на Эмираты]</ref> * Anatomy ee Putinism (2023) <ref>[https://blog.poltava.to/pustovgar/17788/ Анатомія рашизму | Документальний цикл «Остання війна»]</ref> ==warka== * https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220224_12/ {{Wayback|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220224_12/ |date=20220224021714 }} * https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220224_32/ {{Wayback|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220224_32/ |date=20220224095106 }} *https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/feb/22/ukraine-russia-latest-live-news-updates-crisis-putin-biden-zelenskiy-kyiv-kiev-russian-invasion-border-threat * https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-01-26/russia-deploys-warships-to-black-sea-in-dangerous-escalation-near-ukraine * https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-60177929 * https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/01/28/ukrainian-americans-anxiously-watch-russias-threat-their-homeland/9215316002/ * https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/1/28/threat-of-russian-invasion-would-be-dire-for-millions-amnesty * https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-11/u-s-warns-europe-that-russian-troops-may-plan-ukraine-invasion * https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/russia-ukraine-invasion-us-eu-b1956158.html * https://www.rt.com/russia/521285-conflict-nuclear-holocaust-gabbard/ * https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/04/11/world/ukraine-war-russia-troops/ * https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2021/04/20/us-warns-airlines-on-flights-near-ukraine-russian-border * https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2021/04/17/russia-ukraine-expel-diplomats-as-tensions-soar-a73632 * https://www.latimes.com/world/la-fg-east-ukraine-fighting-2017-story.html *https://www.dailysabah.com/politics/news-analysis/developments-on-the-moscow-ankara-line-and-the-ukraine-crisis * https://www.dw.com/en/is-russia-about-to-launch-a-fresh-offensive-in-eastern-ukraine/a-57127207 *https://www.intellinews.com/explosion-tears-through-ukrainian-gas-pipeline-199974/?source=cee-energy-newswatch *https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2021/04/17/reigniting-the-civil-war-in-donbas-reminiscence-of-the-crimean-annexation/ {{Wayback|url=https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2021/04/17/reigniting-the-civil-war-in-donbas-reminiscence-of-the-crimean-annexation/ |date=20210420190800 }} ==Sido Kale fiiri== * [[Yukrayn]] * [[Russia]] * [[Yurub-Aasiya Degaanka tectonic]] 1qsvcjrqfmz2nfopvmi9i4k5g0grcev 0 32577 309226 308339 2026-09-23T07:10:12Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Megan Fox|birth_date={{birth date and age|1986|05|16|}}|image=Megan Fox 2011 LG 03 (cropped).jpg|caption=Fox ee 20111|occupation=Atariisho|years active=2001–hada|spouse=Brian Austin Green (g. 2010. f.2020)|children=3}} '''Megan Denise Fox''' (dhashay Maajo 16, 1986) waa atariisho Mareykan ah. Waxay markii ugu horeysay ka soo muuqatay filimka ''Holiday in the Sun'' (2001). Tan waxaa ku xigay doorarro badan oo taageero ah oo ku saabsan filimka iyo telefishanka, iyo sidoo kale door oo ka tirsan ABC ''Hope & Faith'' (2004–2006). Fox ayaa sii waday inay sameyso filimkeedii ugu horeeyay ee filimka muusikada ''[[Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen]]'' (2004). Fox waxay heshay aqoonsi caalami ah doorkeeda Mikaela Banes ee filimka ''Transformers'' (2007).  Waxay dib u soo celisay doorkeedii ku-xigga ee ''Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen'' (2009) waxayna muujisay dabeecadda qormooyinka ee majaajillada naxdinta leh ee ''Jennifer's Body'' (2009).  Waxay ku jilaysay bishii April O'Neil filimka ''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' (2014) iyo taxantiisii ​​''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows'' (2016). Fox sidoo kale waxay u jileysay sidii Reagan Lucas qeybtii shanaad iyo lixaad ee Fox sitcom ''New Girl'' (2016-2017). Fox waxaa loo tixgeliyaa inay tahay astaan ​​jinsi waxayna kasoo muuqatay majalado badan, sida ''[[Maxim]]'', ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', iyo ''[[FHM]]''.<ref>[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-sep-23-et-fox23-story.html "Megan Fox: Hollywood's outrageous it girl".] Los Angeles Times</ref> == Nolosha == Megan Fox waxay dhalatay Maajo 16, 1986<ref name="biography.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/megan-fox-483434|title=Megan Fox Biography: Model, Film Actress, Television Actress (1986–)|publisher=[[Biography.com]] ([[FYI (TV channel)|FYI]] / [[A&E Networks]]|access-date=April 12, 2016|archive-date=September 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930061207/http://www.biography.com/people/megan-fox-483434|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Monitor|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_entertainment-weekly_2013-05-17_1259/page/27|journal=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=May 17, 2013|issue=1259|pages=27}}</ref> gudaha Oak Ridge, Tennessee,<ref name="NYTmagazine">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/magazine/15Fox-t.html?_r=0|website=[[The New York Times]]|title=The Self-Manufacture of Megan Fox|last=Hirschberg|first=Lynn|date=November 11, 2009|access-date=November 25, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107192644/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/magazine/15Fox-t.html?_r=1|archive-date=November 7, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="feinberg">Fox in {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cWY5jrhnrc|title=Megan Fox Interviewed by Scott Feinberg|time=00:20|quote=I was born in Oak Ridge, Tennessee...|date=September 10, 2011|access-date=January 14, 2017|via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> waalidiinta Gloria Darlene (Cisson) iyo Franklin Thomas Fox.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HrpVBgAAQBAJ&q=Megan+Fox+Darlene+Franklin&pg=PP4|title=Celebrity Biographies - The Amazing Life Of Megan Fox - Famous Actors|last=Green|first=Matt|publisher=Matt Green|language=en}}</ref> Waxay yaraanteedii ku qaadatay Rockwood oo u dhow.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Uchiyama|first1=David|title=Rockwood, Tennessee|url=https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/glimpse/2015/story/2015/aug/30/rockwood-tennessee/321811/|newspaper=[[Chattanooga Times Free Press]]|access-date=September 2, 2018}}</ref> Aabaha Fox, oo ah sarkaal siidayn sharafeed, iyo hooyadeed waxay kala tageen markii ay Fox jirtay saddex sano.<ref name="NYTmagazine" /> Hooyadeed mar dambe ayey guursatay, iyo Fox iyo walaasheed<ref name="alluremay2010">{{cite news|first=Alexandra|last=Jacobs|title=Bad Girl Good Good|work=[[Allure (magazine)|Allure]]|date=May 2010}}</ref> waxaa soo koriyey hooyadeed iyo aabbeheed, Tony Tonachio.<ref name="elle">{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|title=Megan Fox|magazine=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=May 26, 2009|access-date=June 12, 2009|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 29, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629164846/http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="sirius">{{Cite web|title=Who does Megan have tattooed on her arm?|url=http://www.sirius.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Sirius/Page&c=BackStageAsset&cid=1181270896791|publisher=[[Sirius]]|access-date=April 26, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 7, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091107034407/http://www.sirius.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Sirius%2FPage&c=BackStageAsset&cid=1181270896791|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="lucieref">{{Cite news|last=Wernlund|first=Sharon|title=Port St. Lucie Teen Shoots for Stardom|work=[[Palm Beach Post]]|date=December 31, 2001|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PBPB&p_theme=pbpb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F0EFE354D1DBF21&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|access-date=April 6, 2010|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711170314/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PBPB&p_theme=pbpb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F0EFE354D1DBF21&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Waxay ku soo barbaartay "aad u adag Pentecostal", laakiin markii dambe waxay dhigatay dugsiga Katooliga muddo 12 sano ah.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cWY5jrhnrc|publisher=YouTube|title=Megan Fox Interviewed by Scott Feinberg|access-date=November 25, 2014|date=September 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906023257/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cWY5jrhnrc|archive-date=September 6, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.parade.com/celebrity/celebrity-parade/2009/0915-megan-fox-jennifers-body.html|title=Megan Fox: 'My Sense of Humor Doesn't Translate'|magazine=[[Parade (magazine)|Parade]]|date=September 15, 2009|access-date=May 25, 2010|first=Jeanne|last=Wolf}}</ref> Waxay sheegtay inay ahaayeen "kuwo aad u adag" isla markaana aan loo ogoleyn inay yeelato qof jecel<ref name="ELLE2">{{Cite magazine|first=Maggie|last=Bullock|url=http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|title=Megan Fox|magazine=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=May 26, 2009|access-date=July 3, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629164846/http://www.elle.com/Entertainment/Cover-Shoots/Megan-Fox2/Megan-Fox-Read-the-ELLE-Interview-with-Megan-Fox-June-2009|archive-date=June 29, 2009}}</ref> ama ku martiqaad asxaabta gurigeeda.<ref name="alluremay2010" /> Waxay la noolayd hooyadeed illaa ay ka samaysay lacag ku filan oo ay ku masruufto.<ref name="ELLE2" /> Fox waxay bilawday tababaradeeda qoob ka ciyaarka iyo jilitaanka da'da shan jirka, Kingston, Tennessee.<ref name="Morrow">{{cite news|first=Terry|last=Morrow|url=http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/may/02/insider-rockwood-starlet-morphs-tomboy-sexiest/|title=Insider: Rockwood starlet morphs from tomboy to 'sexiest'|newspaper=[[Knoxville News Sentinel]]|date=May 2, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 3, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 16, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616054112/http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/may/02/insider-rockwood-starlet-morphs-tomboy-sexiest/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Waxay kaqeyb gashay xiisad qoob ka ciyaarka ah oo ka dhacday xarunta bulshada halkaas ku taal waxayna ku lug laheyd kooxda heesaha ee Kingston Elementary School iyo kooxda dabaasha ee Kingston Clippers.  Markii ay 10 jir ahayd, ka dib markay u guurtay magaalada St. Petersburg, Florida, Fox waxay sii wadday tababarkii.<ref name="rottentomatoes">{{cite web|title=Megan Fox Celebrity Profile Biography|url=https://rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/megan_fox/biography.php|website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|access-date=April 25, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=May 3, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503005801/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/megan_fox/biography.php|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="msnbio">{{cite web|title=Megan Fox: Biography|url=http://movies.msn.com/celebs/celeb.aspx?c=504118&mp=b|website=[[MSN]]|access-date=April 25, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506085034/http://movies.msn.com/celebs/celeb.aspx?c=504118&mp=b|archive-date=May 6, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Markii ay jirtay 13 sano, Fox waxay bilawday shaqadeeda tusaale ahaan ka dib markay ku guulaysatay abaalmarino dhawr ah 1999 Moodelkii Maraykanka iyo Talent Convention ee Koonfur Carolina.<ref name="el">{{cite web|url=http://www.amtcworld.com/the-results/top-100/megan-fox|title=Success Stories: Megan Fox|website=AMTC|date=September 16, 2009|access-date=September 16, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601203741/http://www.amtcworld.com/the-results/top-100/megan-fox|archive-date=June 1, 2009}}</ref> Markii ay 17 jir ahayd, waxay ku tijaabisay iskuulka iyada oo loo marayo waraaqaha si ay ugu guurto [[Los Angeles]], [[Kalifornia]].<ref name="alluremay2010" /><ref name="ELLE2" /> Fox waxay si xor ah uga hadashay waqtigeedii iskuulka, iyadoo cadeysay in iskuulka dhexe lagu cagajugleeyay ayna ku qadeysay qolka musqusha.  Waxay sheegtay in dhibaatadu aysan ahayn muuqaalkeeda, laakiin ay "mar walba saaxiib la wanaagsan tahay wiilasha" taasna ay "dadka qaar fahamsiisay qaladkeeda."<ref name="cg">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cosmogirl.com/entertainment/celeb-qa/megan-fox-qa-2|title=Megan Fox: Celeb Q&A|website=[[CosmoGirl!]]|access-date=August 9, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803063005/http://www.cosmogirl.com/entertainment/celeb-qa/megan-fox-qa-2|archive-date=August 3, 2009}}</ref> Fox ayaa sidoo kale sheegtay in aysan waligeed caan ka aheyn dugsiga sare, iyo in "qof walba uu i neceb yahay, oo waxaan ahaa qof gebi ahaanba la ixtiraamo, asxaabteydu had iyo jeer waxay ahaayeen rag, waxaan leeyahay dabeecad aad u qallafsan, gabdhuhuna ima jeclayn taas.  Waxaan lahaa hal gabar oo weyn oo saaxiib ah noloshayda oo dhan." <ref name="cg" /> == Shaqo == === 2000s === Markay ahayd 15, Fox waxay samaysay jilitaankeedii ugu horreeyay ee majaajillada jacaylka ah ee ''Holiday in the Sun'', taas oo si toos ah loogu sii daayay-DVD-ga markay ahayd Noofambar 20, 2001. Sannadaha soo socda ee soo socda, waxay ka soo muuqatay sitcoms-ka ''What I Like About You'' iyo ''Two and a Half Men''. Fox sidoo kale waxay u muuqatay (door aan la garanayn oo dheeri ah) filimka ''Bad Boys II'' (2003) Sannadkii 2004, waxay filimkeedii ugu horreeyay la sameysay Lindsay Lohan oo ku jirtay qosolkii muusikada ee ''Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen'', iyadoo ciyaareysa doorka taageerada sida Carla Santini. Fox sidoo kale door ayey ku laheyd ABC sitcom ''Hope & Faith''. Fox wuxuu soo muuqday xilli ciyaareedyadii labaad iyo saddexaad, illaa taxanahan ay baajiyeen ABC bishii May 2006.<ref name="yahoo movies">[https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1808488000/bio Megan Fox Biography] Yahoo! Movies</ref> [[File:Megan_Fox_Jennifers_Body_TIFF09_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|223x223px|Fox sanadkii 2009]] 2007, Fox waxay qaadatay doorka Mikaela Banes ee 2007 filimka ''Transformers''. Fox waxaa loo magacaabay Abaalmarinta Filimka MTV ee qeybta "Waxqabadka Burburka", sidoo kale waxaa loo magacaabay seddex Abaalmarin Xulashada Dhalinyarada.<ref name="yahoo movies" /> Waxay u saxeexday laba qaybood oo dheeraad ah oo ''Transformers'' ah,<ref name="yahoo movies" /><ref name="HR1">[https://hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3icab172bb79f71a0737ec507b71e6d9f4 Fox making 'Friends' for Weide pic] The Hollywood Reporter [https://web.archive.org/web/20070701160824/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3icab172bb79f71a0737ec507b71e6d9f4 archive] </ref> dib u soo celinta doorkeedii Mikaela ee ''Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen''. Muran ayaa ka taagnaa muuqaalka Fox markii uu duubayey qeybtii labaad markii Michael Bay, oo ah agaasimaha filimka, uu ku amrey Aktarada inay hesho toban rodol.<ref>[http://omg.yahoo.com/news/megan-fox-told-to-gain-10-pounds-for-transformers-sequel/10802?nc "Megan Fox Told to Gain 10 Pounds for Transformers Sequel"] {{Wayback|url=http://omg.yahoo.com/news/megan-fox-told-to-gain-10-pounds-for-transformers-sequel/10802?nc |date=20080727113838 }}. Yahoo! Entertainment</ref><ref>[https://comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=52843 Transformers Moved Up Two Days] {{Wayback|url=https://comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=52843 |date=20140906023326 }} ComingSoon.net</ref> Sannadkii 2009, Fox waxay yeelatay kaalinteeda hoggaamineed ee ugu horreysay; waxay ku soo bandhigtay astaamaha cinwaanka ''[[Jennifer's Body]]'', oo uu qoray Diablo Cody.<ref name="autogenerated7">[https://pro.imdb.com/title/tt1131734/ IMDb Pro : Jennifer's Body Business Details] Pro.[[Internet Movie Database|imdb]].com</ref> Filimku wuxuu markiisii ​​hore kasbaday isku dhafan iyo dib u eegis celcelis ah markii la siidaayay, iyadoo waxqabadka Fox uu kasbaday ammaan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/jennifers-body|title=Jennifer's Body Reviews|publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]|work=[[Metacritic]]|date=September 17, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Grady|first1=Constance|title=How Jennifer's Body went from a flop in 2009 to a feminist cult classic today|url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/10/31/18037996/jennifers-body-flop-cult-classic-feminist-horror|access-date=August 5, 2020|work=Vox|date=October 31, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/i-think-youre-interesting/2018/11/10/18080168/jennifers-body-diablo-cody-interview-reborn|title=The life, death, and rebirth of Jennifer's Body, according to screenwriter Diablo Cody|last=VanDerWerff|first=Emily Todd|date=November 10, 2018|website=Vox|access-date=August 5, 2020}}</ref> Bishii Abriil 2009, waxay bilawday duubista filimka ''Jonah Hex'', kaas oo ay ku muujisay Tallulah Black / Leila, qurux qoriga wadata iyo jacaylka oo Jonah Hex (Josh Brolin). Filimkan waxaa la sii daayay 18-kii Juun, 2010.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kit|first=Borys|date=March 3, 2009|title=Megan Fox lines up two film projects|url=https://hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3iee48bd23f07a5c212caf86dbc16e17a4|journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=April 8, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309003423/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3iee48bd23f07a5c212caf86dbc16e17a4|archive-date=March 9, 2009}}</ref><ref name="filmonic1">{{Cite web|url=http://splashpage.mtv.com/2009/06/19/bad-news-boys-megan-fox-role-in-jonah-hex-merely-a-cameo/|title=Megan Fox Role in 'Jonah Hex' Merely a Cameo|publisher=[[MTV]]|access-date=March 25, 2010|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Sagaalaad 14, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914223952/http://splashpage.mtv.com/2009/06/19/bad-news-boys-megan-fox-role-in-jonah-hex-merely-a-cameo/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ''Jonah Hex'' wuxuu ahaa mid muhiim ah oo ku fashilmay ganacsiga Mareykanka, iyada oo qaybinta caalamiga ah la joojiyay ka dib waxqabadkeedii liitay.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=jonahhex.htm|title=Jonah Hex (2010)|date=August 12, 2010|website=Box Office Mojo|access-date=June 27, 2011}}</ref> Filimka waxaa loo magacaabay "filimkii ugu xumaa sanadka" ee Ururka Dhaleeceynta Filimada ee Houston.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thewrap.com/awards/column-post/detroit-houston-critics-social-network-ho-hum-23347|title=Detroit, Houston Critics: 'Social Network,' Ho Hum &#124; The Wrap Awards|last=Pond|first=Steve|publisher=Thewrap.com|access-date=June 27, 2011|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Labaad 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222222351/http://www.thewrap.com/awards/column-post/detroit-houston-critics-social-network-ho-hum-23347|dead-url=yes}}</ref> === 2010s === Fox waxay la jileysay Mickey Rourke riwaayaddii ''Passion Play''.  Ka dib markii lagu soo bandhigay Bandhig Faneedka Caalamiga ah ee Toronto, qaybinta riwaayadaha caadiga ah waxaa loo dhaafiyey si toos ah-fiidiyoow ah loo sii daayo, iyadoo laba shaashadood oo keliya ay si kooban u muujinayaan filimka si loo fuliyo waajibaadka qandaraaska.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/archives/passion_play_with_mickey_rourke_megan_fox_not_surprisingly_going/|title='Passion Play' With Mickey Rourke & Megan Fox Not Surprisingly Going Straight-To-DVD > The Playlist|publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com|access-date=June 27, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314060431/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/archives/passion_play_with_mickey_rourke_megan_fox_not_surprisingly_going|archive-date=March 14, 2011}}</ref> Rourke wuxuu ugu yeeray filimka inuu ahaa "xun. Filim kale oo xun."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ology.com/screen/mickey-rourke-shts-all-over-passion-play|title=Mickey Rourke Sh*ts All Over 'Passion Play'|last=Breslaw|first=Anna|website=Ology.com|access-date=June 19, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724085325/http://www.ology.com/screen/mickey-rourke-shts-all-over-passion-play|archive-date=July 24, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2011/04/mickey_rourke_takes_back_the_n.html|title=Mickey Rourke Takes Back the Nice Things He Said About Megan Fox|website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|last=Greco|first=Patti|date=February 13, 2011}}</ref> Fox waxay la soo muuqatay Dominic Monaghan fiidiyowga muusikada [[Eminem]] iyo [[Rihanna]] heesta "Love the Way You Lie". <ref>Montgomery, James (July 26, 2010) [http://blog.mtvasia.com/2010/07/27/megan-fox-dominic-monaghan-caught-kissing-for-eminem-video/ "Megan Fox, Dominic Monaghan Caught Kissing For Eminem Video – News Story"]. MTV. Viacom. Retrieved August 7, 2010. {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Sannadkii 2012, Fox waxay ka soo muuqatay filimka majaajillada ah ee ''The Dictator'' iyo ''This Is 40.''<ref name="cartoon">{{Cite news|url=http://blog.bcdb.com/announces-largest-programming-schedule-4241/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205085108/http://blog.bcdb.com/announces-largest-programming-schedule-4241/|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 5, 2012|title=AS Announces Largest Programming Schedule Ever|first=Ethan|last=Minovitz|publisher=Big Cartoon News|date=May 25, 2012|access-date=May 25, 2012}}</ref> [[File:Megan_Fox_(14977773610)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|226x226px|Fox 2014]] Bishii Janaayo 2013, Fox waxaa lagu soo bandhigay xayeysiis telefishan reer [[Barasiil]] ah oo loogu talagalay biirka Brahma.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://b96.cbslocal.com/2013/01/29/watch-megan-fox-in-her-sexy-new-brazilian-beer-commercial/|title=Megan Fox In Her Sexy New Brazilian Beer Commercial|date=January 29, 2013|publisher=B96 Chicago|access-date=January 29, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616175005/http://b96.cbslocal.com/2013/01/29/watch-megan-fox-in-her-sexy-new-brazilian-beer-commercial/|archive-date=June 16, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bishii Febraayo 2013, Fox wuxuu ku jilay filimka ''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' (2014), oo ah hoggaanka aadanaha ee April O'Neil.<ref>{{cite news|title=Cowabunga! 'TMNT' remake ends Megan Fox-Michael Bay feud|url=http://herocomplex.latimes.com/games/megan-fox-michael-bay-ninja-turtles/|access-date=February 22, 2013|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=February 22, 2013|first=Rene|last=Lynch}}</ref> Sannadkii 2015, Fox waxay ka soo muuqatay doorka Amelia Delthanis ee ciyaarta fiidiyowga ''Stormfall: Rise of Balur''.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Megan Fox Joins Stormfall: Rise of Balur Mobile Game|url=http://people.com/celebrity/megan-fox-joins-stormfall-rise-of-balur-mobile-game/|first=Mariah|last=Haas|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=May 5, 2016}}</ref> Bishii Oktoobar 2015, waxaa la xaqiijiyey in Fox ay si kumeelgaar ah u beddeli doonto Zooey Deschanel telefishanka sitcom ''New Girl'', ka dib fasaxa umusha ee Deschanel.<ref>{{cite news|title='New Girl' season 5 spoilers: Megan Fox to fill in for Zooey Deschanel|url=http://www.christiantoday.com/article/new.girl.season.5.news.megan.fox.to.fill.in.for.zooey.deschanel/66016.htm|magazine=[[Christian Today]]|date=October 1, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 4, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518074337/https://www.christiantoday.com/article/new.girl.season.5.news.megan.fox.to.fill.in.for.zooey.deschanel/66016.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Megan|last=McCluskey|title=Megan Fox Will Be The Newest Girl on New Girl|url=https://time.com/4040173/megan-fox-new-girl/|newspaper=[[Life (magazine)|Life]]|date=September 18, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 4, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415091949/https://time.com/4040173/megan-fox-new-girl/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Waxay u jilay sidii Reagan Lucas, oo ka soo muuqatay xilliyadii shanaad iyo lixaad ee taxanaha.  Waxqabadkeedu wuxuu kasbaday dib-u-eegis togan oo ka yimid dadka naqdiya.<ref>{{cite news|first=Daniel|last=Fienberg|title=Critic's Notebook: Megan Fox Smoothly Steps In for Zooey Deschanel on 'New Girl'|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/fien-print/critics-notebook-megan-fox-smoothly-863134|newspaper=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=February 9, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Erik|last=Adams|title=The highlight of Megan Fox's New Girl arc saves itself from a deadly premise|url=https://tv.avclub.com/the-highlight-of-megan-fox-s-new-girl-arc-saves-itself-1798186808|newspaper=[[The A.V. Club]]|date=February 23, 2016|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Shanaad 4, 2021|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116105008/https://tv.avclub.com/the-highlight-of-megan-fox-s-new-girl-arc-saves-itself-1798186808|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=David|last=Sims|title=New Girl and the Power of Sitcom Shakeup|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2016/03/does-new-girl-need-zooey-deschanel-anymore/472926/|newspaper=[[The Atlantic]]|date=March 9, 216}}</ref> 2016, Fox waxay dib u soo celisay kaalinteeda April O'Neil ee ''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows''. Bishii Sebtember 12, 2018, waxaa la xaqiijiyay in Fox uu ka soo muuqan doono filimka Dagaalkii Kuuriya ee ''The Battle of Jangsari'', oo uu weheliyo jilaa reer Kuuriya Kim Myung-min. Waxay ka ciyaartay door hoggaamineed Marguerite Higgins, oo ah [[wariye]] Mareykan ah.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/asia/megan-fox-to-appear-in-korean-war-movie-jangsa-ri-1202937869/|title=Megan Fox to Appear in Korean War Movie 'Jangsa-ri'|last=Kil|first=Sonia|date=September 12, 2018|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=September 24, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Sannadkii 2019, Fox ayaa jilay filimka ''Above the Shadows.''<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://deadline.com/2017/11/olivia-thirlby-alan-ritchson-megan-fox-shadow-girl-afm-1202199619/|title=Olivia Thirlby, Alan Ritchson & Megan Fox Star In 'Shadow Girl' — AFM|last=N'Duka|first=Amanda|date=November 1, 2017|work=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|access-date=November 4, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/05/gravitas-above-the-shadows-olivia-thirlby-megan-fox-cinedigm-the-outsider-1202608195/|title=Gravitas Nabs 'Above The Shadows' Starring Olivia Thirlby & Megan Fox; Cinedigm Secures 'The Outsider'|last=N'Duka|first=Amanda|date=May 6, 2019|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|language=en|access-date=May 24, 2019}}</ref> Isla sanadkaas, Fox waxay ka soo muuqatay ''Zeroville'' oo uu agaasime ka ahaa James Franco, oo horay loo toogtay 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Megan Fox Joins James Franco in 'Zeroville'|url=https://hollywoodreporter.com/news/megan-fox-joins-james-franco-743722|access-date=October 26, 2014|newspaper=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=October 24, 2014|first=Borys|last=Kit}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thewrap.com/james-franco-zeroville-bombs/|title=James Franco's 'Zeroville' Bombs With Measly $8,900 on 80 Screens|website=The Wrap|first=Jeremy|last=Fuster|date=September 30, 2019|access-date=May 18, 2020}}</ref> === 2020s === Sannadkii 2020, Fox wuxuu la jilay Josh Duhamel filimka majaajillada ''Think Like a Dog'', kaasoo la sii daayay Juun 9, 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/think-like-a-dog-trailer/|title='Think Like a Dog' Trailer: Josh Duhamel and Megan Fox Are Playing Parents Now in a Family Comedy|website=Slash Film|first=Hoai-Tran|last=Bui|date=May 10, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}</ref> Sidoo kale sanadkaas, waxay ku jileysay doorka hogaaminta filimka ''Rogue'', kaasoo la sii daayay Ogosto 28, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/movies/megan-fox-rogue-trailer/|title=Megan Fox's mercenary takes on a lethal lion in trailer for action movie Rogue|last=Collis|first=Clark|date=July 20, 2020|website=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|access-date=July 22, 2020}}</ref> '''Mashaariicda soo socota''' Fox ayaa jileysa filimka majaajillada ah ee ''Big Gold Brick'', oo ay weheliyaan Oscar Isaac, Andy García, Lucy Hale, iyo Emory Cohen.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/andy-garcia-megan-fox-lucy-hale-star-big-gold-brick-cannes-1208982|title=Cannes: Andy Garcia, Emory Cohen, Megan Fox, Lucy Hale to Star in 'Big Gold Brick' (Exclusive)|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|language=en|access-date=May 16, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://variety.com/2019/film/news/andy-garcia-emory-cohen-big-gold-brick-1203209863/|title=Film News Roundup: Andy Garcia, Emory Cohen, Lucy Hale to Star in 'Big Gold Brick'|last=McNary|first=Dave|date=May 9, 2019|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|language=en|access-date=May 16, 2019}}</ref> Waxay sidoo kale ka jileysaa ''Midnight in the Switchgrass''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/megan-fox-bruce-willis-join-randall-emmett-directorial-debut-midnight-the-switchgrass-1202860960/|title=Megan Fox & Bruce Willis Join Randall Emmett's Directorial Debut 'Midnight In The Switchgrass', Highland To Sell At EFM|website=Deadline Hollywood|first=Andreas|last=Wiseman|date=February 16, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}</ref> iyo ''Till Death.''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/megan-fox-to-star-in-millennium-medias-efm-bound-till-death-exclusive/5147167.article|title=Megan Fox to star in Millennium Media's EFM-bound 'Till Death' (exclusive)|website=[[Screen International]]|first=Jeremy|last=Kay|date=February 13, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}</ref> == Nolosha shaqsiga == [[File:Megan_Fox_LF.jpg|alt=Megan Fox wearing a grey and lavender spaghetti strap dress|right|thumb|249x249px|Fox 2007]] Fox wuxuu xiriir la bilaabay Brian Austin Green sanadki 2004, kadib markuu ku kulmay kulanka rajada & Iimaanka;  waxay ahayd 18 sano jir, halka uu 30 jir ahaa.<ref name="mfh">{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/popculture/megan-fox-heats-talk-about-film-love-life-wbna30582796|publisher=Access Hollywood|title=Megan Fox heats up talk about film, love life|date=May 5, 2009|access-date=May 5, 2009}}</ref><ref name="fox">{{cite news|url=http://www.herald.ie/entertainment/hq/on-the-cover-megan-fox-1454846.html|newspaper=The Evening Herald|title=On The Cover: Megan Fox|access-date=August 18, 2008|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 30, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430002152/http://www.herald.ie/entertainment/hq/on-the-cover-megan-fox-1454846.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sida laga soo xigtay Fox, Green markii hore way ka labalabeysay inay xiriir la gasho iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay da'da kala duwanaanteeda, waxay tiri, "Waxay ahayd inaan ka dhaadhiciyo inaan waxyar mas'uuliyad ka sareeyo oo si fiican u hadlay iyo inaan haysto waxyaabo kale oo aan sameeyo marka laga reebo 18 jir."<ref>{{Cite web|first=Tamara|last=Jude|url=https://screenrant.com/brian-austin-green-megan-fox-marriage-secrets-facts-trivia/|title=15 Secrets About Brian Austin Green And Megan Fox's Marriage|date=June 2, 2018|website=[[Screen Rant]]}}</ref><ref name="people2009">[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20261194,00.html Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Call Off Engagement] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20261194,00.html |date=20160829143352 }}. People</ref> Dabayaaqadii sannadkaas, Fox waxaa bartilmaameedsaday koox dambiilayaal ah oo ku dhiirrigeliya moodada oo loo yaqaan "Bling Ring", kuwaas oo ka dhacay guriga Green si ay u helaan hantida Fox.<ref name="VF4">[http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2010/03/billionaire-girls-201003?currentPage=4 The Suspects Wore Louboutins]. Vanity Fair</ref><ref>[http://ca.eonline.com/news/186575/ringless-megan-fox-engagement-is-old-news#ixzz0rEAjEKXg Ringless Megan Fox: Engagement Is "Old News"!]. E! Online</ref> Fox iyo Green waxay is guursadeen Juun 24, 2010 xaflad gaar ah oo ka dhacday Maui.<ref name="www.tvguide.com">[https://tvguide.com/News/Megan-Fox-Marriage-1019999.aspx Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Wed in Small Ceremony] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140906023216/http://www.tvguide.com/News/Megan-Fox-Marriage-1019999.aspx archived] TV Guide</ref><ref>[http://www.usmagazine.com/celebritynews/news/fox-green-wed-2010286 Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Are Married!] Us Weekly</ref> Fox waxay furtay furiin 21-kii Ogos, 2015, maalmo yar kadib markii iyada iyo Green ay ku dhawaaqeen kala tagooda.<ref name="Reuters divorce">{{cite news|last1=Dobuzinskis|first1=Alex|title=Actress Megan Fox files for divorce from Brian Austin Green|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/08/22/us-people-meganfox-idUSKCN0QR00D20150822|work=[[Reuters]]|access-date=August 21, 2015|date=August 21, 2015|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=August 25, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825040615/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/08/22/us-people-meganfox-idUSKCN0QR00D20150822|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Blynn|first1=Jamie|title=Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green Split: Couple Has Separated After 11 Years Together|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-split-couple-separates-after-11-years-2015198|website=[[Us Weekly]]|access-date=August 21, 2015|date=August 19, 2015}}</ref> Horaantii 2016, way soo wada noqdeen waxayna filayeen ilmo saddexaad.<ref name="toofab">[http://toofab.com/2016/05/02/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-beach-photos/ Megan Fox Covers Up Her Baby Bump at the Beach] {{Wayback|url=http://toofab.com/2016/05/02/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-beach-photos/ |date=20230505114515 }} Too Fab</ref> Bishii Abriil 25, 2019 Fox waxay xareysay furitaanka furiinka ka dhacay Los Angeles, Kalifornia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/megan-fox-files-to-dismiss-brian-austin-green-divorce/|title=Finally! Megan Fox Files to Dismiss Brian Austin Green Divorce|magazine=[[Us Weekly]]|date=April 27, 2019}}</ref> Bishii Maajo 2020, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay kala tageen.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-split-after-nearly-10-years-of-marriage/|title=Brian Austin Green Confirms Split From Megan Fox After Nearly 10 Years of Marriage|website=[[US Weekly]]|first=Dory|last=Jackson|date=May 18, 2020|access-date=May 18, 2020}}</ref> Wadajir ahaan, waxay leeyihiin saddex wiil: Noah Shannon Green (wuxuu dhashay 2012),<ref>{{cite news|last1=D'Zurilla|first1=Christie|title=Megan Fox, Brian Austin Green have baby boy|url=https://articles.latimes.com/2012/oct/17/entertainment/la-et-mg-megan-fox-baby-boy-brian-austin-green-20121017|access-date=August 22, 2015|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 17, 2012|archive-date=January 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108080206/http://articles.latimes.com/2012/oct/17/entertainment/la-et-mg-megan-fox-baby-boy-brian-austin-green-20121017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/MeganFox/posts/10151070465595423|first=Megan (verified account)|last=Fox|title=We have been very lucky to have had a peaceful few weeks at home…|quote=I gave birth to our son Noah Shannon Green on September 27th.|website=[[Facebook]]|date=October 17, 2012|access-date=August 20, 2017|archive-date=July 7, 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130707025240/https://www.facebook.com/MeganFox/posts/10151070465595423|url-status=live}}</ref> Bodhi Ransom Green (wuxuu dhashay 2014)<ref>{{cite news|last1=Eggenberger|first1=Nicole|title=Megan Fox Gives Birth, Welcomes Baby Boy Bodhi Ransom With Husband Brian Austin Green|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/megan-fox-gives-birth-welcomes-baby-boy-bodhi-ransom-with-husband-brian-austin-green-2014202|access-date=August 22, 2015|work=[[Us Weekly]]|date=February 20, 2014|archive-date=August 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819063912/http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/megan-fox-gives-birth-welcomes-baby-boy-bodhi-ransom-with-husband-brian-austin-green-2014202|url-status=live}}</ref> iyo Journey River Green (wuxuu dhashay 2016).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://people.com/parents/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-welcome-son-journey-river/|title=Brian Austin Green and Megan Fox Welcome Son Journey River|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=August 9, 2016|access-date=March 29, 2020}}</ref> Fox sidoo kale waxay hooyo u tahay wiilka Green, Kassius (wuxuu dhashay 2002), xiriir hore.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eonline.com/news/286501/brian-austin-green-sues-baby-mama-vanessa-marcil|title=Brian Austin Green Sues Baby Mama Vanessa Marcil|website=[[E!]]|date=January 13, 2012}}</ref> Bishii Maajo 2020, Green wuxuu ku dhawaaqay in isaga iyo Fox ay kala tageen ka dib ku dhowaad 10 sano oo ay is qabeen,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brian Austin Green opens up about split with wife Megan Fox|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/18/entertainment/brian-austin-green-megan-fox/index.html|date=May 19, 2020|first=Sandra|last=Gonzalez|website=CNN|access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref> iyo bishii Nofeembar 2020, Fox ayaa markii labaad furtay furiin ka imanaya Green.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://people.com/movies/megan-fox-files-for-divorce-from-brian-austin-green-for-second-time/|title=Megan Fox Files for Divorce from Brian Austin Green Days After Red Carpet Debut with Machine Gun Kelly|first=Ale|last=Russian|publisher=People|date=November 25, 2020|access-date=December 17, 2020}}</ref> Fox iyo Green waa taageereyaasha Deeqsinimada Biyaha, waxayna maalgeliyeen abuuritaanka in ka badan toban ceel biyood oo loogu talagalay hay'adda.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/evankirkpatrick/2015/04/27/a-night-of-generosity-raised-over-500k-in-minutes-success-was-years-in-the-making/|title='A Night Of Generosity' Raised Over $500k In Minutes, Success Was Years In The Making|last=Kirkpatrick|first=Evan|date=April 27, 2015|work=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]|access-date=September 19, 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.accessonline.com/videos/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-give-back-49203/|title=Megan Fox & Brian Austin Green Give Back|date=December 15, 2014|work=[[Access Hollywood]]|access-date=August 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822050251/https://www.accessonline.com/videos/megan-fox-brian-austin-green-give-back-49203/|archive-date=August 22, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bishii Juun 2020, iyada iyo fannaanka Machine Gun Kelly waxay meel fagaare ah ka wada hadleen xiriirkooda, dhowr toddobaad ka dib markii la sii daayay heesta Machine Gun Kelly ee " Bloody Valentine", oo ay Fox ku soo bandhigtay fiidiyowga muusikada.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Troy L.|last2=Clevel|last3=.com|date=June 16, 2020|title=Megan Fox, Machine Gun Kelly confirm relationship after making out in public|url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2020/06/megan-fox-machine-gun-kelly-confirm-relationship-after-making-out-in-public.html|access-date=June 23, 2020|website=cleveland}}</ref> Fox waxay leedahay qaab brachydactyly loo yaqaan suulka suulasha,<ref>{{Cite news|title=Megan Fox's 'cosmetic deficit'|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=February 9, 2010|access-date=October 24, 2017|url=http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/celebrity/megan-foxs-cosmetic-deficit-20100208-no1n.html}}</ref> oo ay ka wada hadashey cilladdeeda qasabka ah ee qasabka ah (OCD), amni-darrada, is-waxyeellaynta, waxayna qiraysaa inay leedahay kalsooni-darro.<ref name="Hedegaard">{{Cite magazine|first=Erik|last=Hedegaard|title=Megan Fox Draws Blood|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=October 1, 2009|access-date=October 24, 2017|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/features/megan-fox-draws-blood-20091001}}</ref> Sanadkii 2013, waxay sheegtay in caqiidadeeda masiixiyadeed ay wali muhiimad gaar ah u leedahay iyada ayna aaminsan tahay inay ka dhigayso inay salka ku hayso.<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Stephen|last=Marche|url=http://www.esquire.com/features/megan-fox-photos-interview-0213|title=Megan Fox Saves Herself|magazine=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]|date=January 15, 2013}}</ref> Fox waxay tiri waxay leedahay kalsooni daro guud iyo nacaybka ragga,<ref name="Bullock">{{Cite magazine|first=Maggie|last=Bullock|title=Megan Fox: ELLE's June cover girl on breaking up, misbehaving, and having men eating out of her hand|magazine=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|date=May 5, 2009|access-date=October 10, 2009|url=http://www.elle.com/pop-culture/cover-shoots/megan-fox-323890}}</ref><ref name="Kids">{{cite news|title=Megan Fox says having kids won't cramp her social style|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=March 20, 2012|access-date=April 15, 2012|url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/entertainment/megan-fox-says-having-kids-wont-cramp-her-social-style/story-e6frewyr-1226304790003}}</ref><ref name="Survive">{{Cite news|title=Megan Fox: "I Could Survive a Week Without Eating"|work=[[Us Weekly]]|date=May 18, 2010|access-date=April 15, 2012|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-body/news/megan-fox-i-could-survive-a-week-without-eating-2010185}}</ref> oo ay sheegtay in aysan u galmoon karin qof aysan jecleyn.<ref name="Cady" /><ref name="Kids" /> == Tixraacyada == <references /> [[Category:Dad nool]] l7n9p8bd2f3w1t326h0fvnj0r84gxxc 0 32618 309222 214801 2026-09-23T06:32:54Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{italic title}} {{Infobox film|name=Lovelace|editing=Robert Dalva|budget=$7 milyan|language=Ingiriis|country=Mareykanka|runtime=93 daqiiqado<!--Waqtiga masraxa: 92:54--><ref>{{cite web|title=''LOVELACE'' (18)|url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/lovelace-2013-0|work=[[Lions Gate Entertainment|Lions Gate UK Ltd.]]|publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification]]|date=June 27, 2013|access-date=August 12, 2013}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>|released=Janaayo 22, 2013 Ogosto 9, 2013 (Mareykanka)|distributor=The Weinstein Company<ref>{{cite web|last=Fleming |first=Mike |url=https://www.deadline.com/2013/01/sundance-radius-twc-seduced-by-lovelace-3-million-deal-closing-soon/ |title=Sundance: Radius-TWC Seduced By 'Lovelace;' $3 Million Deal Closed |publisher=Deadline.com |access-date=July 3, 2013}}</ref><br/>[[Alchemy (company)|Alchemy]]|studio={{Plainlist| * Nu Image * Eclectic Pictures<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sff.org.au/films-container/lovelace/ |title=''Lovelace'' |publisher=[[Sydney Film Festival]] |access-date=2013-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200308/http://www.sff.org.au/films-container/lovelace/ |archive-date=October 29, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Untitled Entertainment * Animus Films * Telling Pictures }}|cinematography=Eric Alan Edwards|image=|music=Stephen Trask|starring=[[Amanda Seyfried]]|writer=Andy Bellin<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118045408 |title=Amanda Seyfried to play Linda Lovelace|access-date=February 2, 2011}}</ref>|producer=Laura Rister <br> Jason Weinberg <br>Jim Young|director=Rob Epstein Jeffrey Friedman|caption=|gross=$1.6 milyan<ref>{{mojo title|lovelace|Lovelace}} Retrieved August 12, 2013</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=intl&id=lovelace.htm |publisher=Boxofficemojo |title=Lovelace |access-date=2014-05-14}}</ref>}}'''''Lovelace''''' waa 2013 filim jilayaal taariikh nololeed ah oo Mareykan dhexaad u ahaa atariishada aflaanta galmada [[Linda Lovelace]], oo ka jileysay ''[[Deep Throat]]'', filimkii galmada ee 1972 taas oo sabab weyn u ahayd caannimada Da'da Dahabiga ah ee Filimada Galmada. ''Lovelace'' waxay daboolaysaa nolosheeda laga bilaabo da'da 20 illaa 32.<ref>Nepales, Ruben (Febraayo 16, 2012). [http://entertainment.inquirer.net/30535/from-porn-star-to-waif From porn star to waif]. Soo qaatay Maajo 15, 2021.</ref> Waxaa hogaaminaya Rob Epstein iyo Jeffrey Friedman, filimka waxaa qoray Andy Bellin waxaana jilaya aktarada kala ah [[Amanda Seyfried]], Peter Sarsgaard, Sharon Stone, Adam Brody, James Franco, Chloë Sevigny, iyo Juno Temple. ''Lovelace'' waxay laheyd kulankeedii ugu horeeyay adduunka Janaayo 22, 2013, xafladii 2013 ee Filimkii Sundance waxaana laga furay Mareykanka Ogosto 9, 2013.<ref>[https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/lat-summer-sneaks-2013-lovelace-la0009146905-20120203,0,1556470.photo 'Lovelace': Aug. 9] {{Wayback|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/lat-summer-sneaks-2013-lovelace-la0009146905-20120203,0,1556470.photo |date=20130819102441 }}. Los Angeles Times. Soo qaatay Maajo 15, 2021.</ref> == Muusig == {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>No.</abbr> !Cinwaanka !Fanaanka !Dhererka |- !1. |"I've Got to Use My Imagination" |Gladys Knight & the Pips |3:30 |- !2. |"Gimme Little Sign" |Brenton Wood |2:20 |- !3. |"Fooled Around and Fell in Love" |Elvin Bishop |4:36 |- !4. |"Funky Funky Way of Makin' Love" |John Ellison & The Soul Brothers Six |3:25 |- !5. |"If You Ain't Gettin' Your Thing" |L.J. Waiters & the Electrifiers |3:21 |- !6. |"Shotgun Shuffle" |KC & the Sunshine Band |2:45 |- !7. |"Oh How I Love It" |People's Choice |3:05 |- !8. |"Keep On Truckin'" |Eddie Kendricks |8:00 |- !9. |"Let It Ride" |Bachman–Turner Overdrive |3:30 |- !10. |"Rock Your Baby" |George McCrae |6:25 |- !11. |"'Tain't Nobody's Business if I Do" |Sofia Karstens |3:42 |- !12. |"You Made Me Beautiful" |Stephen Trask |2:09 |- !13. |"Spirit in the Sky" |Norman Greenbaum |4:01 |- ! colspan="3" |Wadarta dhererka: |'''50:49''' |} == Tixraacyada == <references /> [[Category:Filimada Mareykanka]] 8rfxmlyqrx3a1g9wz8nbjtas7nopqo5 0 33218 309212 304336 2026-09-23T05:46:25Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309212 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox music genre|image=|caption=|bgcolor=Green|stylistic_origins={{flatlist| * [[Muusikada Kuuriya]] * [[Muusikada elektaroonigga|elektaroonigga]] * [[Muusikada pop|pop]] * [[dance music|dance]] * [[gospel music|gospel]] * [[rhythm and blues]] * [[hip hop music|hip hop]] * [[jazz]] * [[contemporary folk music|folk]] * [[classical music|classical]] * [[country music|country]] * [[rock music|rock]] * [[reggae]] * [[Experimental music|experimental]] }}|cultural_origins=1940s, [[Koonfur Kuuriya]]|derivatives=|subgenrelist=|subgenres=|fusiongenres=|regional_scenes=|local_scenes=|other_topics=|name=K-pop}}'''K-pop''' (케이팝; RR: ''keipap''), gaaban muusikada caanka ah ee Kuuriya ("'''K'''orean '''p'''opular music"), waa nooc muusig oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Kuuriyada Koonfureed oo qayb ka ah [[Dhaqanka Koonfur Kuuriya]].<ref name="Hartong 2006">{{cite book|title=Musical terms worldwide: a companion for the musical explorer|last=Hartong|first=Jan Laurens|year=2006|publisher=Semar Publishers|isbn=978-88-7778-090-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/musicaltermsworl0000hart/page/15 15]|url=https://archive.org/details/musicaltermsworl0000hart|url-access=registration|access-date=December 5, 2011|quote=Since the 1990s, popular genres like rap, rock and techno house have been incorporated into Korean popular music, setting the trend for the present generation of K-pop, which often emulates American models.}}</ref> Waxaa saamayn ku leh qaababka iyo noocyada ka socda adduunka oo dhan dusha sare ee xididdadeeda muusigga Kuuriya.<ref>https://www.academia.edu/12328829</ref> qaab casri ah oo ka mid ah noocyada ayaa soo baxay markii la sameeyay mid ka mid ah kooxihii ugu horreeyey ee K-pop, kooxda wiilasha Seo Taiji and Boys, sannadkii 1992. Tijaabintooda qaabab kala duwan iyo noocyada muusigga iyo is-dhexgalka qaybaha muusiga ee shisheeye ayaa gacan ka geystay dib-u-qaabaynta iyo casriyeynta  Muuqaalka muusigga ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20120323001104 |access-date=2021-08-17 |archive-date=2014-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201202043/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20120323001104 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[K-pop idol|Dhaqanka casriga ah ee "idol" ee K-pop]] wuxuu bilaabmay 1990-maadkii, markii K-pop uu u koray dhaqan-hoosaad kaas oo urursaday taageerayaal aad u fara badan oo ah dhallinta iyo dhallinyarada waaweyn.<ref>https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/5638224/the-root-of-k-pop-the-influences-of-todays-biggest-acts</ref><ref>https://www.economist.com/asia/2010/01/25/hallyu-yeah</ref> Ka dib markii ay hoos u dhacday horaantii K-pop, laga bilaabo 2003 TVXQ iyo [[BoA]] waxay bilaabeen jiil cusub oo sanamyo K-pop ah oo jebiyey nooca muusigga suuqa jaarka ee Jabaan ah waxayna sii wadaan inay caan ku noqdaan K-pop maanta.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=j8lxCwAAQBAJ</ref> Iyada oo ay soo ifbaxeen adeegyada isku-xirka bulshada ee internetka iyo bandhigyada TV-ga Koonfur Kuuriya, faafinta hadda ee K-pop iyo madadaalada Koonfur Kuuriya, oo loo yaqaan [[Mowjadda Kuuriya]], laguma arko oo keliya Bariga Aasiya iyo Koonfur-bari Aasiya, laakiin sidoo kale [[Bakistaan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Hindiya]], Laatiin Ameerika, [[Waqooyiga Afrika]], [[Koonfurta Afrika]] iyo [[Bariga Afrika]], [[Bariga Dhexe]] iyo guud ahaan [[Galbeed|dunida Galbeedka]], iyagoo helay dhagaystayaal caalami ah. Ereyga "K-pop" wuxuu caan ku noqday 2000-meeyadii. Markii hore, muusigga pop -ka ee Koonfur Kuuriya ayaa la oran jiray '''''gayo''''' (가요).<ref>https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?cid=46662&docId=2458624&categoryId=46662</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://www.nl.go.kr/ask/infoguide/view.jsp?recKey=5563739 |access-date=2021-08-17 |archive-date=2017-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602193923/http://www.nl.go.kr/ask/infoguide/view.jsp%3FrecKey%3D5563739 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> In kasta oo "K-pop" uu yahay erey guud oo loogu talagalay muusigga caanka ah ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed, haddana waxaa badanaa loo adeegsadaa dareen cidhiidhi ku ah nooca halkan lagu sharraxay.  Sannadkii 2018, K-pop wuxuu la kulmay koboc aad u weyn wuxuuna noqday "cayaaryahan awood" taasoo calaamad u ah kororka dakhliga 17.9%. Laga soo bilaabo 2019, K-pop wuxuu ku jiraa lambarka lixaad ee tobanka suuq ee muusigga ugu sarreeya adduunka sida uu qabo Xiriirka Caalamiga ah ee Warshadaha Farshaxanka "Warbixinta Muusikada Caalamiga ah ee 2019", iyadoo [[BTS]] iyo [[Blackpink]] lagu tilmaamay inay yihiin fanaaniinta hoggaaminaya kobaca suuqa.<ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/caitlinkelley/2019/04/03/kpop-global-bts-blackpink-grow/#7893c0e324e2</ref> Sanadkii 2020, K-pop waxay la kulantay sanad rikoor jabis ah markii ay la kulantay koror dhan 44.8% waxayna isu taagtay suuqa ugu weyn ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badan sannadka.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.ifpi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/GMR2021_STATE_OF_THE_INDUSTRY.pdf |access-date=2021-08-17 |archive-date=2021-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325211040/https://ifpi.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/GMR2021_STATE_OF_THE_INDUSTRY.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> == Cilmiga asalka ereyada == Isticmaalkii ugu horreeyay ee la yaqaan ee erayga K-pop wuxuu ka dhacay ''Billboard'' bishii Oktoobar 9, daabacaaddii 1999 dhammaadkii maqaal cinwaan looga dhigay "Koonfur Kuuriya Si Loogu Ogolaado Qaar Ka Mid ah Jabaan" ee Cho Hyun-jin, ka dibna wariye Kuuriya u ah  magazine, kaas oo u adeegsaday erey ballaadhan muusigga pop-ka ee Koonfur Kuuriya. Cho laftiisu, si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma hubo inuu isagu ereygan curiyay, maadaama maqaallada qaarkood ay sheegeen in erayga 'K-pop' uu mar horeba adeegsan jiray gudaha warshadaha muusiga, inkasta oo uusan waligiis si shaqsi ah u maqal.<ref>[http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8532755/k-pop-billboard-20-years "20 Years of K-Pop at Billboard"]. ''Billboard''.</ref> == Astaamaha == === Nuxurka === In kasta oo K-pop guud ahaan loola jeedo muusigga pop-ka ee Koonfur Kuuriya, qaar baa u arka inay tahay nooc dhan oo dhan oo soo bandhigaya noocyo badan oo muusik iyo muuqaal ah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=http://seoulbeats.com/2011/10/k-pop-music-for-the-eyes-or-for-the-ears/ |access-date=2021-08-19 |archive-date=2012-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412091354/http://seoulbeats.com/2011/10/k-pop-music-for-the-eyes-or-for-the-ears/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Institut national de l'audiovisuel wuxuu K-pop ku qeexaa "isku-darka muusikada la isku daray, hababka qoob-ka-ciyaarka ee fiiqan iyo moodada, dharka midabada leh".<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20131103182155/http://www.inaglobal.fr/en/music/article/k-pop-story-well-oiled-industry-standardized-catchy-tunes.</ref> === Tababbarka nidaamsan ee fannaaniinta === {{See also|#Warshadaha}}Wakaaladaha maamulka Kuuriyada Koonfureed waxay qandaraasyo adag siiyaan fannaaniinta iman kara, mararka qaarkood markay da 'yar yihiin.  Tababarayaashu waxay ku wada nool yihiin jawi nidaamsan waxayna saacado badan maalintii ku qaataan barashada sida loo heeso, dheesha, loogu hadlo luuqadaha ajnabiga, iyo inay sameeyaan xirfado kale si loogu diyaariyo kulankooda ugu horreeya. Nidaamkan tababarka ee "robotiga" ah ayaa inta badan waxaa dhaleeceeya warbaahinta reer galbeedka.<ref name="Chosun Ilbo">http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2011/10/27/2011102700691.html.</ref> Sannadkii 2012 -kii, Wargeyska ''The Wall Street Journal'' waxa uu qoray in kharajka tababarka hal farshaxaniiste oo hoos yimaada [[SM Entertainment]] uu celcelis ahaan gaaray 3 million oo Dollar.<ref>https://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2012/02/06/can-girls-generation-break-through-in-america/.</ref> === Noocyada isku-dhafka ah iyo qiyamka caalamiga ah === [[File:Search_volume_for_kpop.svg|thumb|300x300px|Raadi mugga K-pop muddada 2008–2012 marka loo eego [[Google Trends]].]] K-pop waa badeecad dhaqameed oo leh "qiyam, aqoonsi iyo macneyaal ka baxsan qiimahooda ganacsi ee adag."<ref>{{Cite book|title=K-pop – The International Rise of the Korean Music Industry|last=Choi|first=JungBong and Roald Maliangkay|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|isbn=9781138775961|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ggSNoAEACAAJ}}</ref> Waxaa lagu gartaa isku darka dhawaaqyada casriga ah ee reer Galbeedka iyo saamaynta Afrikaan-Ameerika (oo ay ku jiraan dhawaaqyada Hip-hop, R&B, Jazz, pop pop, nafta, funk, farsamada, diskooga, guriga, iyo Afrobeats) oo leh dhinac Kuuriyada waxqabadka (oo ay ku jiraan dhaqdhaqaaqyada qoob-ka-ciyaarka ee la iswaafajiyay, isbeddellada samayska iyo waxa loogu yeero "barta dheesha" oo ka kooban jillaab iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyo muhiim ah oo soo noqnoqda).  Waxaa la xusay in ay jirto "aragti casriyeyn" ah oo ku jirta dhaqanka pop-ka Kuuriya.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Hybridity and the rise of Korean popular culture in Asia|volume=28|pages=25–44|year=2005|author=Doboo Shim|journal=National University of Singapore|doi=10.1177/0163443706059278|citeseerx=10.1.1.489.921|s2cid=204327176}}</ref> ==== Isticmaalka weedho Ingiriis ah ==== [[File:Yoon_Mi_Rae_and_Tiger_JK.jpg|alt=A woman and a man holding microphones. The man is gesturing to one side.|thumb|Farshaxanka Hip-hop-ka [[Yoon Mi-rae]] iyo seygeeda [[Tiger JK]] ee Drunken Tiger, ayaa lagu tiriyaa inay caan ka noqdeen hip-hop-ka Mareykanka ee Kuuriya.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Park|first1=T. K.|last2=Kim|first2=Youngdae|title=A Brief History of Korean Hip-hop|url=https://www.vulture.com/2019/01/a-brief-history-of-korean-hip-hop.html|access-date=February 25, 2019|work=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]]|date=January 15, 2019}}</ref>]] [[File:I_Am_Korea_concert_2015_g.o.d.jpg|alt=Five men singing, wearing black and white suits.|thumb|[[g.o.d]] ee "I Am Korea" xaflad, 2015]] K-pop-ka casriga ah waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay adeegsiga weedho Ingiriis ah. Jin Dal Yong oo ''Popular Music and Society'' wuxuu qoray in adeegsiga ay saameyn ku yeelan karto "Kuuriyaan-Mareykan iyo/ama Kuuriyaan ah oo wax ku bartay Mareykanka [kuwaas oo] si buuxda uga faa'iideysta af-ingiriisiga iyo kheyraadka dhaqanka ee aan inta badan laga helin kuwa lagu soo koray oo wax ku bartay Kuuriya."<ref name="Jin 113–1312">{{Cite journal|last1=Jin|first1=Dal Yong|last2=Ryoo|first2=Woongjae|date=December 13, 2012|title=Critical Interpretation of Hybrid K-Pop: The Global-Local Paradigm of English Mixing in Lyrics|journal=Popular Music and Society|volume=37|issue=2|pages=113–131|doi=10.1080/03007766.2012.731721|s2cid=143689845|issn=0300-7766}}</ref> Muusigga pop-ka Kuuriya ee heesayaasha ama kooxaha Kuuriya-Ameerika sida Fly to the Sky, g.o.d, Rich, Yoo Seung-jun, iyo Drunken Tiger waxay leeyihiin qaab-dhismeed Mareykan ah iyo erayo Ingiriis ah labadaba.  Muusigyadan fannaaniinta ah ee Kuuriya-Ameerika waxay leeyihiin qaab ka duwan muusigga Kuuriya ee caadiga ah, kaasoo soo jiita xiisaha dhallinyarada.<ref name="Jin 113–1312" /> Waxaa sii kordhaya, qorayaasha iyo soosaarayaasha heesaha shisheeye ayaa loo shaqaaleeyaa inay ka shaqeeyaan heesaha sanamyada K-pop, sida [[Will.i.am]] iyo Sean Garrett.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2011/apr/20/k-pop-sweden-pelle-lidell|title=Behind the music: What is K-Pop and why are the Swedish getting involved?|last=Lindvall|first=Helienne|date=April 20, 2011|work=The Guardian|location=London|access-date=March 27, 2012}}</ref> Fannaaniin shisheeye, oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Akon]], [[Kanye West]], Ludacris, iyo [[Snoop Dogg]], ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigay heesaha K-pop.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fuse.tv/2013/02/kpop-connections-infographic|title=The K-Pop/U.S. Music Connections You Never Knew Existed|last=Xu|first=Tina|publisher=[[Fuse (TV channel)|Fuse]]|access-date=March 7, 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715235752/https://www.fuse.tv/2013/02/kpop-connections-infographic|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1098373/secrets-behind-k-pops-global-success-explored-at-sxsw-panel|title=Secrets Behind K-Pop's Global Success Explored at SXSW Panel|last=Hampp|first=Andrew|quote=The American hip-hop community's recent interest in K-pop has helped open a lot of doors for other artists and managers Stateside, too.|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=March 28, 2013|date=March 16, 2012|archive-date=Bisha Todobaad 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704234020/http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/global/1098373/secrets-behind-k-pops-global-success-explored-at-sxsw-panel|url-status=dead}}</ref> Shirkadaha madadaalada waxay gacan ka geystaan ​​fidinta K-pop meelo kale oo adduunka ah iyada oo loo marayo habab kala duwan. Fannaaniintu waxay u baahan yihiin inay adeegsadaan Ingiriisiga maadaama shirkaduhu rabaan inay qabsadaan suuqyada qaybaha kale ee Aasiya, taasoo u saamaxaysa inay aakhirka furaan suuqa Galbeedka.  Inta badan fannaaniinta K-pop waxay bartaan Ingiriisiga maxaa yeelay waa luqad caan ka ah adduunka muusigga, laakiin fannaaniinta qaarkood waxay kaloo bartaan afaf kale oo ajnabi ah sida Jabaan si ay ugu soo dhowaadaan suuqa Jabaan.<ref name="Jin 113–1312" /> Sidoo kale, tirooyinka sii kordhaya ee kooxaha K-pop waxay adeegsadaan magacyada Ingiriiska halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen Kuuriya. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa heesaha iyo fannaaniinta in suuq loo geliyo dhagaystayaal ballaadhan oo adduunka ah.<ref name="Jin 113–1312" /><!--Bariga Aasiya waxay leedahay luuqado badan oo kala duwan, taas oo ka dhigaysa duubista Ingiriisiga ikhtiyaar shaqo si loo buuxiyo farqiga luuqadda ee khalkhal gelinaya isgaarsiinta muusigga ee caalamiga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, malaha sababta oo ah fannaaniintu ma rabaan inay qaataan halista ah inay soo bandhigaan aqoonsi khaldan, ikhtiyaarkan sida badan lama isticmaalo inta badan. Fanaaniinta fahmi kara labada dhaqan oo si fiican ugu hadla Ingiriisiga sida [[Tata Young]] iyo [[Utada Hikaru]] ayaa leh guusha ugu badan iyaga oo adeegsanaya habkan si ay u helaan suuqyo muusig oo caalami ah. Sababta inta jeer ee istiraatiijiyaddu ay aad ugu hooseyso ayaa ah in fannaaniin badan oo Aasiya Bari ahi aysan lahayn xirfado Ingiriis oo aad u wanaagsan, kuwaas oo dadku inta badan faallo ka bixiyaan heesaha Ingiriisiga heesaha. Waxaa ka sii muhiimsan, mawjadda muusigga ee Bariga Aasiya kaliya maahan dhawaaqyada iyo alaabada muusigga. Socodka luqadda iyo aqoonsiga ayaa la yimaada mowjadda Bariga Aasiya, in badan oo ka mid ah qulqulladan ayaa awood u siin doona cilmi -baarayaasha inay si fiican u fahmaan socodka caalamiga ah ee muusigga Bariga Aasiya.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Benson|first=Phil|date=January 2013|title=English and identity in East Asian popular music|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/popular-music/article/english-and-identity-in-east-asian-popular-music/89BC456C9A2FEA66D58DC36FD613FB3B|journal=Popular Music|language=en|volume=32|issue=1|pages=23–33|doi=10.1017/S0261143012000529|issn=0261-1430}}</ref> -->Si kastaba ha ahaatee, adeegsiga Ingiriisiga ma damaanad qaadin sumcadda K-pop ee suuqa Waqooyiga Ameerika.  Faallooyinka qaarkood, sababta tan ayaa ah sababta oo ah nooca waxaa loo arki karaa inuu yahay nooc muusiko reer Galbeedka ah, taasoo ku adkeyneysa K-pop inuu ka helo oggolaanshaha suuqyadan.<ref name="Jin 113–1312" /> Sida laga soo xigtay cilmibaarista Elaine W. Chun, in kasta oo isku-dhafka ayaa marar badan ka muuqda K-pop, mararka qaarkoodna xitaa waxay ka dhigi kartaa taageerayaasha inay aad u jeclaadaan xiddigaha K-pop maxaa yeelay waa cusub, cusub oo xiiso leh, way adag tahay in la beddelo kuwa rumaysta  oo ku habboon luuqad saafi ah. Taas macnaheedu waa in qaabkii asalka ahaa ee luuqaddu ay weli adag tahay in la beddelo.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chun|first=Elaine W.|date=February 2017|title=How to drop a name: Hybridity, purity, and the K-pop fan|journal=Language in Society|language=en|volume=46|issue=1|pages=57–76|doi=10.1017/S0047404516000828|issn=0047-4045|doi-access=free}}</ref> Magacyada fannaaniinta, magacyada heesaha, iyo heesaha ayaa muujiyey koboc weyn xagga adeegsiga ereyada Ingiriisiga  Ma jiro heesayaal ku jira kontonkii jaantus ee ugu sareeyay 1990 magacyadooda Ingiriisiga ku lahaa: dadka ka shaqeeyey warshadaha muusigga Kuuriya waxay u arkeen iyagoo adeegsanaya magacyada Kuuriya heer ahaan.  Sannadkii 1995, fannaaniintii ugu caansanaa sida Kim Gun-mo, Park Mi-kyung, Park Jin-young, Lee Seung-chul, iyo Byun Jin-sub ayaa wali adeegsan jiray magacyada Kuuriya, laakiin afar iyo toban ka mid ah fannaaniinta iyo kooxaha ku jira kontonka sare magacyada Ingiriiska, oo ay ku jiraan DJ DOC, 015B, Piano, iyo Solid. Dhibaatadii dhaqaale ee 1997 ka dib, dawladdu waxay joojisay faafreebka heesaha Ingiriisiga waxayna Kuuriya bilaabatay inay ku booddo Ingiriisiga. Tan iyo dabayaaqadii 1990 -meeyadii, adeegsiga Ingiriisiga ee magacyada fannaaniinta, magacyada heesaha, iyo heesaha ayaa si dhakhso leh u koray. Toddoba iyo toban fannaniin ah oo ku jira kontonka sare ee sare waxay adeegsadeen magacyo Ingiriis sannadkii 2000, soddon iyo kowna waxay sidaas sameeyeen sannadkii 2005. Sannadkii 2010, kow iyo afartan fannaaniin ayaa magacyada Ingiriisiga ka dhex adeegsan jiray kontonka heesood ee ugu sarreeya, laakiin sida caadiga ah, saddex ama afar fannaaniin iyo koox ayaa ka badan hal ama laba heesood oo ku yaal shaxda isku mar. Magacyada Kuuriya (sida Baek Ji-young, Seo In-young, iyo Huh Gak) ayaa si aad ah loo arkaa, heesayaal badan oo K-pop ah ayaa leh magacyo Ingiriis ah (sida [[IU (singer)|IU]], Sistar, T-ara, GD & TOP, Beast, and [[After School]]). Waxaa xusid mudan, ilaa horraantii 1990 -meeyadii, fannaaniinta leh magacyo Ingiriis ah ayaa ku turjumi doona [[hangul]], laakiin hadda fannaaniintu waxay adeegsan doonaan magacyo Ingiriis ah oo lagu qoray xuruufta Roomaanka.<ref name="Jin 113–1312" /> ==== Dhaleeceynta aqoonsiga isku-dhafan ==== Waxaa jiray jawaabo xasaasi ah oo ku saabsan Kuuriyada Koonfureed oo ku saabsan aqoonsiga nooca tan iyo markii uu koray.  Qaar ka mid ah dhaleeceeyayaasha muusiga ee caanka ah ee gobolka ayaa ku dhaleeceeyay K-pop inay tahay "sumad warshadeed oo inta badan loogu talagalay inay kor u qaaddo sumadda qaranka ee suuqa adduunka bilowgii" waxayna ku doodeen inaysan "si iskeed ah u abuurin dhaqan pop qorshaha la soo abaabulay oo ay hoggaaminayso dowladda iyada oo tixgelin ganacsi la siinayo "in kasta oo xaqiiqda ah" noocyadu ficil ahaan xiriir kuma laha aqoonsiga Kuuriyada dhaqameed". Waxaa sidoo kale jira aragti ah in magaca hiddaha laga soo qaatay [[J-pop]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://h21.hani.co.kr/arti/culture/culture_general/29888.html|title=[레드 기획]케이팝, 진단이 필요해|website=h21.hani.co.kr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=http://ch.yes24.com/Article/View/24536|title=가요, 케이팝 그리고 너머|last=Shin|first=Hyun-joon}}</ref> K-pop ayaa mararka qaar la kulantay dhaleeceyn saxafiyiinta u aragta in muusikadu tahay qaaciido iyo mid aan asal ahayn.<ref name="fast music2">{{cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/biz/2012/02/123_100092.html|title=K-pop grows on disposable 'fast music'|date=April 12, 2011|work=The Korea Times|access-date=March 27, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://qz.com/725161/kpop-feature/|title=Hallyu, K-pop! Inside the weirdest, most lucrative global frenzy in music|last=Wang|first=Amy X.|date=July 30, 2016|work=QUARTZ|access-date=April 11, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2126242/k-pop-infectious-disease-not-cultural-export-be-proud|title=K-pop is an infectious disease, not a cultural export to be proud of|last=Lhatoo|first=Yonden|date=December 30, 2017|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=April 10, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/10/08/factory-girls-2|title=Factory Girls|last=Seabrook|first=John|date=October 8, 2012|work=The New Yorker|access-date=April 11, 2018}}</ref> Qaar ka mid ah kooxaha K-Pop ayaa lagu eedeeyay inay khiyaameeyeen falalka muusigga reer Galbeedka iyo sidoo kale falalka kale ee muusigga.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Herald|first=The Korea|date=2018-01-19|title=Star producer Teddy’s plagiarism controversies drag on|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20180119000830|access-date=2021-04-25|website=www.koreaherald.com|language=en}}</ref> Intaa waxaa dheer, K-pop waxaa lagu dhaleeceeyay ku [[K-pop#Isticmaalka weedho Ingiriis ah|tiirsanaanta weedhaha Ingiriisiga]], iyada oo dadka naqdiya ay ku tilmaamaan adeegsiga Ingiriisiga cinwaannada "macno darro".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2011/apr/20/k-pop-sweden-pelle-lidell|title=Behind the music: What is K-Pop and why are the Swedish getting involved?|last=Lindvall|first=Helienne}}</ref> [https://ntnm.co.kr/ 엔타임뉴스] [https://wbwedding.co.kr 웨딩뉴스] Kooxaha K-pop-ka ayaa si joogto ah loogu eedeeyaa inay u [[Qoondaynta dhaqanka|qoondeeyeen dhaqammada]] sida dhaqanka Afrikaanka-Ameerika, gaar ahaan sababtuna tahay isticmaalka joogtada ah ee galleyda iyo baandooyinka ee kooxaha sanamyada qaab-dhismeedka masraxa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailydot.com/upstream/kpop-hip-hop-culture-appropriation/|title=When K-pop culturally appropriates|last=Tucci|first=Sherry|date=April 2, 2016|work=The Daily Dot|access-date=April 10, 2018}}</ref> Kooxaha K-Pop ayaa sidoo kale lagu eedeeyay inay u qoondeeyeen Dhaladka Mareykanka<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://seoulbeats.com/2012/08/k-pop-and-cultural-appropriation-cool-culture/|title=K-pop and Cultural Appropriation: "Cool" Culture|date=August 24, 2012|work=Seoulbeats|access-date=April 10, 2018|archive-date=Bisha Saddexaad 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303052157/https://seoulbeats.com/2012/08/k-pop-and-cultural-appropriation-cool-culture/|url-status=dead}}</ref> iyo dhaqamada Hindida.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/ikrd/omg-ohmygirl|title=This K-Pop Girl Group Is Being Accused Of Appropriating Indian Culture|last=Dahir|first=Ikran|date=July 21, 2016|work=Buzzfeed|access-date=April 10, 2018}}</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dooddu waxay ku saabsan tahay in amaahda qaybaha dhaqanka ee dhaqammada ka baxsan Kuuriya ay dhab ahaan ka dhigan tahay qoondayn dhaqameed, ama haddii qoondayntan dhaqanku ay taban tahay haba yaraatee. Aqoonyahan Crystal S. Anderson ayaa qoray "in loo qoondeeyo waxyaabaha dhaqanka iyada oo laga saarayo macnahoodii hore oo loo adeegsado si gebi ahaanba ka duwan si toos ah uma noqonayso qoondayn dhaqan oo taban".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://highyellow.me/2013/01/12/of-misconceptions-about-cultural-appropriation-in-k-pop/|title=Of Misconceptions About Cultural Appropriation in K-pop|last=Anderson|first=Crystal|date=January 12, 2013|website=High Yellow|access-date=April 10, 2018}}</ref> === Suuqgeynta ===<!-- Soo noqoshada (K-pop) dib-u-jeedinta halkan, tani waa sababta ereygaas loogu dhiirran yahay --> Hay'ado badan ayaa u soo bandhigay dhagaystayaal kooxo sanamyo cusub ah iyada oo loo marayo "shirkii ugu horreeyay", kaas oo ka kooban suuq -geynta onlaynka iyo dhiirrigelinta baahinta telefishanka ee ka soo horjeeda raadiyaha.<ref name="npr 20121012">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2012/10/12/162740623/gangnam-style-three-reasons-k-pop-is-taking-over-the-world|title=Gangnam Style: Three Reasons K-Pop Is Taking Over The World|last=Chace|first=Zoe|publisher=NPR|date=October 12, 2012|access-date=December 26, 2012}}</ref> Kooxaha waxaa la siiyaa magac iyo "fikrad", oo ay la socoto jillaab suuq geyn.  Fikradahaasi waa nooca mawduuca muuqaalka iyo muusigga ee kooxaha sanamyadu adeegsadaan marka ugu horreysa ama soo noqoshada.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theodysseyonline.com/12-concepts-styles-korean-pop-stars|title=12 Concepts and Styles in K-Pop|date=February 8, 2016|work=The Odyssey Online|access-date=2018-11-15|language=en-us}}</ref> Fikradaha ayaa is beddeli kara inta u dhexeysa furitaannada iyo taageerayaasha inta badan waxay kala soocaan fikradaha kooxda wiilka iyo fikradaha kooxda gabdhaha.  Fikradaha ayaa sidoo kale loo qaybin karaa inta u dhexaysa fikradaha guud iyo fikradaha mawduucyada, sida quruxsan ama khiyaaliga ah.  Kooxaha sanamyada cusub ayaa badanaaba soo bixi doona iyaga oo wata fikrad si fiican suuqa looga yaqaan si ay u helaan guul guul leh.  Mararka qaarkood waaxyo-hoosaadyo ama kooxo-hoosaadyo ayaa laga dhex abuuraa xubnaha jira. Laba koox hoosaad oo tusaale ah waa Super Junior-K.R.Y., Oo ka kooban xubnaha Super Junior Kyuhyun, Ryeowook, iyo Yesung, iyo Super Junior-M, oo noqday mid ka mid ah kooxaha ugu badan ee iibiya K-pop ee Shiinaha.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/kpopkoreasmusica0000kall|url-access=registration|title=K-Pop: Korea's Musical Explosion|last=Kallen|first=Stuart A.|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|year=2014|isbn=9781467720427|page=[https://archive.org/details/kpopkoreasmusica0000kall/page/37 37]&ndash;38}}</ref> Suuqgeynta internetka waxaa ku jira fiidyowyo muusig oo lagu dhajiyay YouTube si loo gaaro dhagaystayaasha adduunka oo dhan.<ref name="npr 20121012" /> Kahor fiidiyaha dhabta ah, kooxdu waxay sii deyneysaa sawirro teaser ah iyo isjiidka.  Wareegyada dhiirrigelinta ee kelida xigta ayaa la yiraahdaa '''Soo noqoshada''' <!-- FIIRO GAAR AH: Ujeeddada laga iftiimiyay tan iyo erayga ayaa tilmaamaya halkan -->xataa marka muusik -yahanka ama kooxda su'aashu aysan joogsan.<ref name="ramstadwsj2">{{cite news|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/12/31/korea-counts-down-not-just-to-new-year-but-to-new-girls-album/|title=Korea Counts Down Not Just To New Year, But to New Girls' Album|last=Ramstad|first=Evan|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|quote=K-pop news sites for the past couple of weeks have seemed to have some new video or bit of Girls-related gossip to chew over once or twice a day. There's been a "drama" teaser and a "dance" teaser (that's the one above) and countdown videos from each of the group's nine members... One of the unique things about album releases by K-pop artists is that they are routinely called 'comebacks' even when there's been no evidence that the musician or group went away or, in the conventional sports usage of the term, experienced a setback or loss.|access-date=January 5, 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Lixaad 6, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606142118/https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/12/31/korea-counts-down-not-just-to-new-year-but-to-new-girls-album/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> === Qoob ka ciyaarka === [[File:'강렬한_데뷔'_느와르,_한편의_느와르_영화_같은_격렬한_사운드_-NOIR_(디패짤).webm|start=60|end=130|thumb|Qoob-ka-ciyaarka "Gangsta", oo ah qoob-ka-cayaarka elektaroonigga ah ee Noir, waxaa ka mid ah barta dheesha.<ref>{{cite news|last1=정|first1=준화|title=[SC현장] "롤모델은 방탄소년단"...느와르, 벌써 '핫' 한 9인조 (종합)|url=http://sports.chosun.com/news/ntype.htm?id=201804100100075380005500&servicedate=20180409|access-date=March 9, 2019|work=스포츠조선|date=April 9, 2018|language=ko}}</ref>]] Qoob-ka-ciyaarka waa qayb muhiim u ah K-pop.  Marka la isku darayo fannaaniin badan, fannaaniintu waxay badiyaa beddelaan boosaskooda marka ay heesaan iyo dheesha iyagoo dhaq -dhaqaaqyo dhaqso leh ka samaynaya isku -dheelitirnaanta, istiraatiijiyad la yiraahdo "is -beddelidda qaab -dhismeedka" (자리바꿈, ''Jaribaggum'').<ref name="Groove Nation">{{cite web|title=유튜브 센세이션, 그루브네이션(Groove Nation)과 인터뷰|url=https://kpopalltime.wordpress.com/tag/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%A8%EB%B8%8C%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98/|access-date=December 27, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228000717/https://kpopalltime.wordpress.com/tag/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%A8%EB%B8%8C%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%85%98/|archive-date=December 28, 2017|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Qoob-ka-ciyaarka K-pop (안무, ''Anmu'') inta badan waxaa ka mid ah waxa loogu yeero "barta dheesha" (포인트 안무), isagoo tixraacaya qoob -ka -ciyaarka oo ka kooban jillaab iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyo soo noqnoqda oo dheesha dhexdeeda ah oo u dhigma astaamaha heesta.<ref name="asiaone">{{cite web|title=K-pop's second wave|url=http://www.asiaone.com/News/Latest%2BNews/Asia/Story/A1Story20110822-295555.html|access-date=December 27, 2017}}</ref><ref name="K-Pop success">{{cite web|title=K-Pop success for easy choreography|url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?biid=2013041629988|access-date=December 27, 2017}}</ref> Super Junior ee "Sorry Sorry" iyo Brown Eyed Girls ee "Abracadabra" waa tusaalayaal heesaha leh qoob ka ciyaarka "barta" dheesha.  Si aad qoob -ka -cayaar ugu samayso hees waxay u baahan tahay in qorayaashu ay tixgeliyaan waqtiga.<ref name="the verge">{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/18/3516562/k-pop-invades-america-south-korea-pop-music-factory|title=K-Pop takes America: how South Korea's music machine is conquering the world|date=October 18, 2012|access-date=December 27, 2017|website=The Verge}}</ref> Sida laga soo xigtay Ellen Kim, oo ah qoob -ka -ciyaarka Los Angeles, awoodda taageere ee ah inuu sameeyo tillaabooyin isku mid ah waa in sidoo kale la tixgeliyaa. Sidaa awgeed, qoob-ka-ciyaarka K-pop waa inay fududeeyaan dhaqdhaqaaqa.<ref name="the verge" /> [[File:(24K(투포케이))_4집_날라리(Superfly)_안무_영상_(사복ver.).jpg|alt=Seven young men performing synchronised dance moves, wearing casual clothing. Some of them have dyed hair.|thumb|24K qoob -ka -ciyaarka istuudiyaha tababarka]] Tababbarka iyo u diyaargarowga lagama maarmaanka u ah fannaaniinta K-pop si ay ugu guuleystaan ​​warshadaha iyo qoob-ka-ciyaarka si guul leh waa kuwo xooggan. Xarumaha tababarku waxay horumariyaan xirfadaha qoob -ka -ciyaarka ee dhalinyarada si loo siiyo fursad ay ku noqdaan heesaa.<ref name=":16">{{Cite news|url=https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/8x49y3/inside-k-pop-training-centers-korea|title=Inside the Intense Training Centers Where Young Girls Compete to Be K-Pop Stars|date=October 5, 2016|work=Broadly|access-date=2018-10-15|language=en-us|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107104303/https://broadly.vice.com/en_us/article/8x49y3/inside-k-pop-training-centers-korea|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Tababbarka jidhku waa midka ugu weyn ee xoogga la saaro dugsiga, maadaama inta badan jadwalka ardaygu ku salaysan yahay dheesha iyo jimicsiga.<ref name=":16" /> Summadaha madadaalada ayaa aad loo xushay, sidaa darteed in yar baa caan ka dhigta.  Ardayda dugsigu waa inay naftooda u huraan qoob-ka-ciyaarka si ay ugu diyaargaroobaan jadwalka xoogga leh ee ay qabtaan kooxaha K-pop.  Tani, dabcan, waxay ka dhigan tahay in tababarku sii socdo haddii la saxiixo. Shirkaduhu waxay leeyihiin xarumo tababar oo aad u weyn kuwa la doortay. <ref name=":16" /> === Moodo === {{See also|Moodo ee Koonfur Kuuriya}}Soo bixitaankii Seo Taiji and Boys 1992-kii waxay dhabaha u xaaraysay horumarinta kooxaha K-pop ee casriga ah.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|last=Jin|first=Dal Yong|date=April 20, 2017|title=Critical Discourse of K-pop within Globalization|url=http://illinois.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.001.0001/upso-9780252039973-chapter-006|volume=1|language=en|doi=10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.003.0006|isbn=9780252098147|publisher=University of Illinois Press}}</ref> Kooxdu waxay wax ka beddeshay masraxa muusigga Kuuriya iyaga oo ku daray heesaha rap iyo heesaha hip-hop-ka Mareykanka muusikadooda.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lie|first=John|date=2012|title=What Is the K in K-pop? South Korean Popular Music, the Culture Industry, and National Identity|journal=Korea Observer|volume=43|pages=339–63}}</ref> Qaadashadan qaabka reer Galbeedka waxay ku fidday moodooyinkii ay xirnaayeen kooxda wiilka: xubnuhu waxay qaateen bilicsanaanta hip-hop.<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|title=K-pop : popular music, cultural amnesia, and economic innovation in South Korea|last=John|first=Lie|isbn=9780520958944|location=Oakland, California|oclc=893686334|date=November 24, 2014}}</ref> Dharka Seo iyo koox-kooxeedyada wareegga xayeysiinta ee "Nan Arayo" (난 알아요, I Know) waxaa ku jiray dhar-waddo firfircoon sida funaanado waaweyn iyo funaanado dhidid ah, dabaylaha, guud-xidhashada hal suunka ah, jaakadaha duuban oo leh hal lug oo surwaal la duubay,  iyo funaanadaha kooxda isboortiga Mareykanka.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}} Maadaama K-pop "uu ka dhashay isbeddellada Seo kadib,"<ref name=":7" /> Muusikada caanka ah ee Kuuriyaanka oo isu beddelaysa warbaahinta ay dhallinyaradu ku badan tahay, kooxaha sanamyada dhallinta ee la soo saaray ayaa bilaabay dooddooda badhtamihii iyo dabayaaqadii 1990-meeyadii,<ref name=":6" /> xirashada dharka isku -duwaha<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20171018000840|title=[Herald Interview] Girls' Generation's stylist caps K-pop fashion industry over years|last=Herald|first=The Korea|date=October 18, 2017|access-date=2018-05-07|language=en}}</ref> taas oo ka tarjumaysay isbeddellada moodada caanka ah ee dhallinyarada xilligaas. Moodo Hip-hop, oo loo tixgeliyey qaabkii ugu caansanaa dabayaaqadii 90meeyadii.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.retrowaste.com/1990s/fashion-in-the-1990s/|title=1990s Fashion: Styles, Trends, History & Pictures|website=www.retrowaste.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref> [[File:BBV7.jpg|alt=Two women dancing, wearing colourful, trendy clothing and with exposed midriffs|thumb|Xubno ka tirsan [[Baby Vox]] oo soo bandhigaya ee 2004]] In kasta oo labiska kooxaha sanamyada labadoodaba lagu dhisay nidaamyo midab leh oo isku mid ah, marooyin, iyo qaabab, haddana dharkii uu xidhnaa xubin kasta ayaa wali sii wata shaqsiyaddii.<ref name=":8">{{Cite book|jstor=10.3998/mpub.7651262|title=Hallyu 2.0: The Korean Wave in the Age of Social Media|last1=KWAK|first1=NOJIN|last2=RYU|first2=YOUNGJU|date=2015|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=9780472072521|editor-last=Lee|editor-first=Sangjoon|doi=10.3998/mpub.7651262|editor2-last=Nornes|editor2-first=Abé Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0r8rQEACAAJ}}</ref> Dhinaca kale, kooxaha sanamyada dumarka ah ee '90meeyadii ayaa soo xirtay dhar isku mid ah, oo inta badan isku si loo qaabeeyo.<ref name=":8" /> Dharka loogu talagalay sanamyada dheddig inta lagu guda jiro dallacsiinta hore waxay inta badan diiradda saaraan muujinta sawir aan dambi lahayn, dhallinyaranimo.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|last=Shim|first=Doobo|date=2006|title=Hybridity and the Rise of Korean Popular Culture in Asia|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_media-culture-society_2006-01_28_1/page/29|journal=Media, Culture & Society|volume=28|pages=29|doi=10.1177/0163443706059278|s2cid=204327176}}</ref> [[S.E.S. (band)|S.E.S.]] ee "[[I'm Your Girl (album)|I'm Your Girl]]" (1997), iyo [[Baby Vox]] "[[Ya Ya Ya]]" (1998) waxaa lagu soo bandhigay gabdho ku lebisan dhar cad, "To My Boyfriend" oo uu qoray [[Fin.K.L]] wuxuu muujinayaa sanamyo ku jira dharka iskuulka ee casaanka ah, iyo "One" iyo "End" ee Chakra ayaa soo bandhigay dharkii Hindiga iyo Afrikaanka. Maadaama K-pop uu noqday isku-dhafka casriga ah ee dhaqamada reer Galbeedka iyo Aasiya laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000-meeyadii,<ref>{{Cite book|jstor=10.5406/j.ctt18j8wkv.9|title=New Korean Wave|date=2016|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252039973|editor-last=JIN|editor-first=DAL YONG|series=Transnational Cultural Power in the Age of Social Media|pages=111–130|doi=10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.001.0001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IWjjgEACAAJ|last1=Jin|first1=DAL Yong|chapter=Critical Discourse of K-pop within Globalization}}</ref> moodada K-pop waxay muujisay kala duwanaansho iyo kala soocid sidoo kale.  Isbeddellada moodada laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000 -meeyadii illaa horraantii 2010 -yadii ayaa inta badan lagu kala saari karaa kuwa soo socda:<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kim|first=Yun|date=Spring 2012|title=K-pop 스타의 패션에 관한 연구|url=http://www.ksfd.co.kr/neowiz/board/up_files/files_1/2012_vol12no2_02_ky.pdf|journal=Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion Design|volume=12|issue=2|pages=17–37}}</ref> * Wadada: wuxuu diiradda saarayaa shaqsiyadda;  waxay leedahay midabyo dhalaalaya, qaab-dhismeed isku-dhafan, daabacaad garaafyo, iyo magacyo isboorti sida Adidas iyo Reebok.<!--Faallooyinkaasi waxay bixiyaan tusaalooyinka laga helay isha: (sida. 2NE1 - Fire, SHINee - Ring Ding Dong)--> * Retro: ujeeddadiisu tahay inay soo celiso "hore" laga soo bilaabo 1960 -kii illaa 1980 -yadii;  qoreysa dhibco daabacan iyo qaabab faahfaahsan. Alaabta dharka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah jaakadaha denim-ka, surwaalka kabaha lagu gooyay, surwaalka ballaaran, xargaha timaha, garbasaarrada, iyo muraayadaha qorraxda.<!--(sida. Wonder Girls - Nobody, Tiara - Roly Poly)--> * Galmada: waxay iftiiminaysaa dheddignimada iyo ragannimada; waxay soo bandhigtaa dhar muujinaya satin, xargo, dhogor, iyo maqaar.  Alaabta dharka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah goonnada yaryar, koorsooyinka, sharabaadadka saafiga ah, cidhibta dhaadheer, jaakadaha aan gacmaha lahayn, iyo funaanadaha la arko.<!--(sida. Girls' Generation - The Boys, After School, TVXQ - Mirotic, 2PM)--> * Madow & Caddaan: wuxuu xooga saaraa casriga iyo xiisaha leh, wuxuu astaan ​​u yahay xarrago iyo karti, inta badan lagu dabaqo xirashada rasmiga ah.<!-- (sida. Girls' Generation - Genie, Super Junior - Sorry Sorry, Beast - Fiction)--> * Futurism-ka: sida caadiga ah lagu xidho noocyada elektiroonigga ah iyo hip-hop;  wuxuu muujiyaa alaab midab leh, faahfaahin macdan ah iyo daabac;  wuxuu kor u qaadaa aragtida mustaqbalka.<!-- (sida. 2NE1 - I am the Best, Wonder Girls - Like Money)--> {{multiple image|align=left|total_width=1000|header=|image1=2NE1 2009 MAMA.jpg|alt1=Four women wearing colourful, mismatched casual clothing and trendy sneakers|caption1=2NE1 oo fulineysa I don't Care—tusaale qaabka wadada|image2=Wonder Girls from acrofan cropped.jpg|alt2=Five women with beehive hairstyles wearing matching golden sheath dresses and elbow-length gloves|caption2=Wonder Girls oo fulineysa Nobody—tusaale qaabka retro|image3=2PM,a Korean boy band - 5865346497 (cropped).jpg|alt3=Six men wearing form-fitting black sleeveless shirts, leather pants, and combat boots. They have prominent eye makeup and each has a different gelled hairstyle.|caption3=2PM—tusaale qaabka galmada|image4=MBLAQ_in_2010_(cropped).jpg|alt4=Five men with bowl haircuts and eyeliner wearing close-fitting, shiny suits—some black with white embellishment, others white with black embellishment.|caption4=[[MBLAQ]]— tusaale qaabka madow & caddaan|footer=}}{{clear}}K-pop wuxuu saameyn weyn ku leeyahay moodada Aasiya, halkaas oo isbeddellada ay sanamyada ka bilaabeen ay raacaan dhagaystayaasha dhallinta yar.<ref name="inquirer2">{{cite web|url=http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/14895/k-pops-slick-productions-win-fans-across-asia|title=K-pop's slick productions win fans across Asia|date=September 21, 2011|publisher=Inquirer|access-date=April 2, 2012}}</ref> Sanamyada qaarkood waxay u dejiyeen xaalad sida astaamaha moodada, sida G-Dragon<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2012/12/25/2012122500365.html|title=G-Dragon Voted Best-Dressed Celebrity of the Year|work=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|date=December 25, 2012|access-date=March 2, 2017}}</ref> iyo CL, oo si joogta ah ula soo shaqeeyay naqshadeeyaha moodada Jeremy Scott.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.papermag.com/jeremy-scott-and-cl-on-moschino-pop-culture-and-the-power-of-girls-1427634656.html|title=Jeremy Scott and CL On Moschino, Pop Culture and the Power Of Girls|last=PAPERMAG|website=PAPERMAG|access-date=April 12, 2016|date=August 26, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2253244/jeremy-scott-cl-paper-mag/|title=Bow Down To The Ultimate Besties Jeremy Scott And CL In 'Paper' Mag|website=MTV News|access-date=April 12, 2016|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423153209/http://www.mtv.com/news/2253244/jeremy-scott-cl-paper-mag/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sida laga soo xigtay borofisar Ingyu Oh, "K-pop wuxuu xooga saaraa dhuuban, dhaadheer, iyo dheddig muuqaal ahaan qaangaarka ama mararka qaarkood aad u qurux badan wajiga, iyadoon loo eegayn inay yihiin fannaaniin lab ama dheddig ah."<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Ingyu|last=Oh|title=The Globalization of K-pop: Korea's Place in the Global Music Industry|access-date=January 15, 2020|url=https://www.academia.edu/4732546|page=402}}</ref> == Warshadaha == === Wakaaladaha === K-pop waxay dhalisay warshado dhan oo ka kooban guryo wax soo saar muusig, shirkado maareyn dhacdooyin, qaybiyayaal muusig, iyo badeecado kale iyo adeeg bixiyayaal.  Saddexda shirkadood ee ugu waaweyn xagga iibka iyo dakhliga ayaa kala ah [[SM Entertainment]], [[YG Entertainment]] iyo [[JYP Entertainment]], oo inta badan loogu yeero 'Saddexda Weyn'.<ref name="big32">{{cite web|url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?biid=2011072657978|title=The big 3 of Korean pop music and entertainment|date=July 26, 2011|publisher=The Dong-A Ilbo|access-date=February 5, 2012}}</ref> Summadahan diiwaanka ayaa sidoo kale u shaqeeya wakaaladaha wakiillada fannaaniintooda.  Waxay mas'uul ka yihiin qorista, maalgelinta, tababarka, iyo suuq-geynta fannaaniinta cusub iyo sidoo kale maareynta dhaqdhaqaaqyadooda muusigga iyo xiriirka dadweynaha.  Hadda, wakaaladda ugu saamiga badan suuqa waa SM.<ref name="big32" /> Sannadkii 2011, oo ay weheliyaan Star J Entertainment, AM Entertainment, iyo Key East, Shirkadaha Saddexda Weyn ayaa aasaasay shirkadda maareynta wadajirka ah United Asia Management.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allkpop.com/2011/09/united-asia-management-to-hold-a-talent-meeting-at-the-16th-busan-international-film-festival|title=United Asia Management to hold a 'talent meeting' at the 16th 'Busan International Film Festival'|date=September 8, 2011|publisher=Allkpop|access-date=March 1, 2012}}</ref><ref name="UAM2">{{cite web|url=http://www.hancinema.net/global-star-agency-united-asia-management-29846.html|title=Global Star Agency, United Asia Management|date=May 6, 2011|publisher=Hancinema|access-date=March 1, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uam.asia/|title=UAM -United Asia Management|website=uam.asia|access-date=April 12, 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313204038/http://uam.asia/|archive-date=March 13, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Dakhliga guud ee summadaha rikoodhada K-pop (oo ah malaayiin doolarka Mareykanka ah) !Sanadkii la aasaasay !Calaamadda diiwaanka !2008 !2010 !2011 !2012 !2013 !2014 !2015 !2016 !2017 !2018 !2019 !2020 !Source |- |1995 |[[SM Entertainment]] |42.5 |87.1 |129 |241 |268 |286.9 |290 |314 |329 |551 |592 |521 |<ref name="smbillion">{{cite magazine|title=S.M. Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=041510:KS|magazine=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|access-date=March 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302142038/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=041510:KS|archive-date=March 2, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref> |- |1996 |[[YG Entertainment]] |16.5 |51.8 |70.3 |96.9 |116.6 |156.3 |170 |286.4 |321.5 |242 |228 |229 |<ref>{{cite magazine|title=YG Entertainment (122870:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=122870:KS|magazine=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|access-date=March 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723213322/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=122870:KS|archive-date=July 23, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> |- |1997 |[[JYP Entertainment]] |3.1 |9.1 |17.8 |13.5 |21.4 |48.5 |50.56 |69.5 |94 |111 |139 |129 |<ref>{{cite magazine|title=JYP Entertainment Corp (035900:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=035900:KS|magazine=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|access-date=March 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723213343/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/financials.asp?ticker=035900:KS|archive-date=July 23, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> |- |} === Qiimaha iibka iyo suuqa === Sannadkii 2009, DFSB Kollective wuxuu noqday qaybiyaha koowaad ee K-pop ee [[iTunes]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2013227,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829073951/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2013227,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 29, 2010|title=Korean Pop, with Online Help, Goes Global|date=August 26, 2010|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|quote=DFSB Kollective was the first company to begin direct distribution of Korean music acts on iTunes, in 2009. It began with more than 50 Korean artists in the alternative, hip-hop and electronica genres; now there are hundreds of Korean artists available in the online music store.|access-date=April 3, 2013}}</ref> Sanadkii 2011, 1,100 album ayaa laga sii daayay Koonfur Kuuriya. Nooca hip-hop wuxuu lahaa matalaadda ugu badan, saddex meelood laba meel wadarta albumyada.<ref name="케이팝에 왜 열광하지?…케이팝의 두 얼굴2">{{cite news|url=http://www.pressian.com/article/article.asp?article_num=30120109101331|last=이|first=동연|date=January 11, 2012|newspaper=PRESSian|language=ko|script-title=ko:"케이팝에 왜 열광하지?"…케이팝의 두 얼굴|access-date=March 11, 2012}}</ref> Saddex-meelood meel albumsyadu waxay ka yimaadeen noocyo kala duwan.<ref name="케이팝에 왜 열광하지?…케이팝의 두 얼굴2" /> Sannadkii 2012, celceliska qiimaha helitaanka heesaha K-pop ee Koonfur Kuuriya ayaa gaadhay US $ 0.10 si loo soo dejiyo hal mar, ama $ 0.002 markii lagu baahiyay internetka.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/cashing-gangnam-styles-youtube-fame|title=PSY's riches from 'Gangnam Style' not made at home|agency=Associated Press|quote=South Koreans pay less than $10 a month for a subscription to a music service that allows them to download hundreds of songs or have unlimited access to a music streaming service. That makes the cost of a downloaded song about 10 cents on average. The average price for streaming a song is 0.2 cents.|access-date=December 30, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113112915/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/cashing-gangnam-styles-youtube-fame|archive-date=January 13, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://world.time.com/2012/03/07/south-koreas-greatest-export-how-k-pops-rocking-the-world/|title=South Korea's Greatest Export: How K-Pop's Rocking the World|date=March 7, 2012|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=April 28, 2013|archive-date=Bisha Sagaalaad 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916232241/http://world.time.com/2012/03/07/south-koreas-greatest-export-how-k-pops-rocking-the-world/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="billboardrevenue3">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/474456/psys-gangnam-style-the-billboard-cover-story?page=0%2C1|title=PSY's 'Gangnam Style': The Billboard Cover Story|last=Kwak|first=Donnie|quote=The Korean music industry grossed nearly $3.4 billion in the first half of 2012, according to Billboard estimates, a 27.8% increase from the same period last year.|work=Billboard|access-date=November 2, 2012}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Dakhliga iibka ee warshadaha muusikada ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed laga soo bilaabo 2014 illaa 2018 (bilyan doolarka Mareykanka) |- |- |- !Sanad !Lacagta |- !2014 !4.1 |- !2015 !4.5 |- !2016 !4.75 |- !2017 !5.2 |- !2018 !5.5 |- |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Soo-koobidda Suuqa Suuqa (Muddo 5-sano ah) (Bilowga soo-koobidda sannadka) summadaha diiwaanka (ee Kuuriya Won (KRW) !Calaamadda diiwaanka !2017 !2018 !2019 !2020 !2021 !source |- |[[SM Entertainment]] |26,000 KRW |33,700 KRW |52,200 KRW |37,200 KRW |29,900 KRW |<ref name="smstocks"><nowiki>{{cite google|title=S.M. Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=</nowiki>https://www.google.com/finance/quote/041510:KOSDAQ?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjV14CRvKzwAhXTN30KHaxrByQQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&window=5Y</ref> |- |[[JYP Entertainment]] |4,880 KRW |13,350 KRW |30,250 KRW |24,200 KRW |37,800 KRW |<ref name="JYPstocks"><nowiki>{{cite google|title=JYP Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|</nowiki>https://www.google.com/finance/quote/035900:KOSDAQ?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiOz5uwvKzwAhVTHzQIHaNZBr4Q_AUoAXoECAEQAw&window=5Y</ref> |- |[[YG Entertainment]] |28,400 KRW |27,600 KRW |48,900 KRW |28,400 KRW |45,100 KRW |<ref name="YGstocks"><nowiki>{{cite google|title=YG Entertainment (041510:KOSDAQ): Financial Statements|url=</nowiki>https://www.google.com/finance/quote/122870:KOSDAQ?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiN8_GhiKXwAhXZJTQIHfWZCc0Q_AUoAXoECAEQAw&window=5Y</ref> |- |} === Jaantusyada diiwaanka === Jaantusyada rikoodhka Kuuriya waxaa ka mid ah Kuuriya [[K-Pop Hot 100]] iyo [[Shaxda Dijital Gaon|Shaxda Heesaha Gaon]].  Qaar ka mid ah diiwaannada K-pop ayaa ka muuqday [[Oricon Albamyada Shaxda]] ee Jabaan iyo [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] ee Mareykanka.<ref>https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/6084721/exo-k-overdose-ep-enters-billboard-200</ref><ref>http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/bts-make-history-as-they-become-the-first-korean-band-to-enter-the-official-albums-chart-with-wings__16676/</ref><ref>https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/7542131/bts-wings-highest-charting-best-selling-kpop-album-billboard-200</ref><ref>http://headlineplanet.com/home/2017/02/12/bts-spring-day-not-today-reach-top-20-us-itunes-sales-chart-you-never-walk-alone-also-rising/</ref><ref>http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/foo-fighters-secure-their-fourth-number-1-on-the-official-albums-chart-with-concrete-and-gold__20501/</ref><ref>Thomas, C. (2018). BTS: The K-Pop Group That Finally Won America Over. Forbes.Com, 5.</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200901173118/https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/chart-beat/9442836/bts-dynamite-tops-hot-100-chart</ref><ref>https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8462635/blackpink-k-pop-history-hot-100-billboard-200</ref> === Nidaamka tababbarka === {{See also|Qandaraaska addoonta|label 1=}}Sida waafaqsan K-pop-ka casriga ah, tababarayaashu waxay maraan nidaam tababar oo adag waqti aan la cayimin kahor intaan la bilaabin.  Habkan waxaa caan ku ahaa Lee Soo-man, aasaasihii S.M,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/lee-soo-man-taking-korean-pop-culture-global|title=Lee Soo Man: Taking Korean Pop Culture Global|website=Stanford Graduate School of Business|access-date=April 12, 2016}}</ref> oo qayb ka ah fikradda lagu tilmaamay "farsamada dhaqanka".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/10/08/factory-girls-2|title=Factory Girls|last=Seabrook|first=John|date=October 8, 2012|newspaper=The New Yorker|issn=0028-792X|access-date=April 12, 2016}}</ref> ''The Verge'' ayaa tan ku tilmaamay nidaam "xad-dhaaf ah" oo ah maareynta farshaxanka.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/18/3516562/k-pop-invades-america-south-korea-pop-music-factory|title=K-Pop takes America: how South Korea's music machine is conquering the world|last=Flatley|first=Joseph|website=The Verge|access-date=October 19, 2012|date=October 18, 2012}}</ref><ref name="newforce392">''K-Pop: A New Force in Pop Music'', p. 39</ref> Sababtoo ah muddada tababarka, oo socon karta sannado badan, iyo xaddiga badan ee hay'adaha maalgashiga ee la siinayo tababarayaashooda, warshaduhu aad bay u culus yihiin inay bilaabaan fannaaniin cusub. Tababarayaashu waxay geli karaan wakaalad iyagoo adeegsanaya baaritaanno ama la baari doono, oo marka la qoro la siiyo hoy iyo fasallo (caadiyan heesta, qoob ka ciyaarka, iyo luqadaha shisheeye sida Mandarin, Ingiriis iyo Jabbaan) inta ay isku diyaarinayaan kulankooda ugu horreeya. Dhalinyarada tababbarka ah ayaa mararka qaarkood iskuulka taga waqti isku mid ah  Ma jiro xadka da'da si aad u noqotid tababaraha mana jiro wax ku eg muddada uu qofku ku qaadan karo tababar.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://business.financialpost.com/2014/08/02/how-korea-became-the-worlds-coolest-brand/|title=How Korea became the world's coolest brand|date=August 2, 2014|newspaper=Financial Post|access-date=January 18, 2015|first=Melissa|last=Leong}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2012/05/03/journey-to-k-pop-star-i-am|title=Journey to K-Pop Star, 'I Am.' – Korea Real Time|last=Woo|first=Jaeyeon|date=May 3, 2012|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 17, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/4143/20120207/yg-jyp-sm.htm|title=KPop's Frontiers: How Does the Big 3 Teach Foreign Languages to Their Trainees?|date=February 7, 2012|publisher=Kpopstarz.com|access-date=March 1, 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Labaad 10, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210222849/http://www.kpopstarz.com/articles/4143/20120207/yg-jyp-sm.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref> === Telefishanka === [[File:20160730-P1000788_(28888844071).jpg|right|thumb|Kooxda gabdhaha ku-meel-gaarka ah ee ka kooban 11-ka xubnood ee I.O.I waxaa lagu soo ururiyey barnaamijka telefishanka Produce 101.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Herman|first1=Tamar|title=Temporary K-Pop Acts Like Wanna One, JBJ & I.O.I Are the New Norm|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8454629/temporary-k-pop-acts-wanna-one-jbj-ioi-new-norm|access-date=March 9, 2019|work=Billboard|date=May 7, 2018}}</ref>]] Warshadaha muusigga Kuuriya waxay dhaleen bandhigyo TV oo badan oo la xiriira, oo ay ku jiraan bandhigyo hibo leh sida ''Superstar K,'' ''K-pop Star'', ''Show Me the Money,'' ''Unpretty Rapstar,'' and many other shows, which commonly pit trainees against each other in order to form a new idol group. iyo bandhigyo kale oo badan, kuwaas oo inta badan iska hor keena ardayda si ay u sameeyaan koox sanam oo cusub. Tusaalooyinka bandhigyada badbaadada waxaa ka mid ah ''MyDOL''-ka Jellyfish Entertainment, oo sameeyay kooxda wiilka VIXX.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sung Si Kyung to feature debut process of idol stars through 'Mydol'|url=http://www.allkpop.com/article/2012/03/sung-si-kyung-to-feature-debut-process-of-idol-stars-through-mydol#axzz2r72X3ocq|access-date=March 28, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/5428/my-dols-ten-potential-members-revealed-ahead-of-show-premiere|title=Jellyfish Male Trainees Revealed Ahead of ′My Dol′ Premiere|publisher=CJ E&M enewsWorld|access-date=March 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329114621/http://mwave.interest.me/enewsworld/en/article/5428/my-dols-ten-potential-members-revealed-ahead-of-show-premiere|archive-date=March 29, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[YG Entertainment]] ee ''WIN: Who Is Next'', oo sameeyay kooxda Winner; ''MIX&MATCH'', oo sameeyay kooxda iKon; [[JYP Entertainment]] ee ''[[Sixteen (TV series)|Sixteen]]'', oo sameeyay kooxda [[Twice]]; Starship Entertainment's ''No.Mercy'', oo sameeyay kooxda Monsta X; Cube Entertainment's ''Pentagon Maker'', oo sameeyay kooxda Pentagon; [[Mnet]] ee ''Produce 101'', oo sameeyay kooxda I.O.I, Iz*One, iyo Wanna One iyo X1;<ref>{{cite web|last1=Sung|first1=So-young|title=TV competition aims to form a K-pop supergroup|url=http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3014227|work=[[JoongAng Ilbo#Korea JoongAng Daily|Korea JoongAng Daily]]|access-date=January 25, 2016|archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126002240/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/Article.aspx?aid=3014227|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Kim|first1=Ji-young|title=Produce 101' girl group to be named 'IOI'|url=http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201604011905149913238_2|website=Kpop Herald|access-date=April 2, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Ref1">{{cite web|last1=Ko|first1=Dong-hwan|title=101 girls down to 'I.O.I'|url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/04/201_201874.html|website=Korea Times|publisher=The Korea Times|access-date=April 7, 2016|date=April 4, 2016}}</ref> Duble Kick Entertainment ee ''Finding Momo Land'', oo sameeyay kooxda Momoland; Mnet ee ''Idol School,'' oo sameeyay kooxda Fromis 9; iyo kii ugu dambeeyay, Belift Lab ee ''I-Land'', oo sameeyay Enhypen. Kordhinta bandhigyadan, oo inta badan ku lug leh hay'ado waaweyn oo qandaraas siiya tababarayaasha hay'adaha yar yar kooxaha mashruuca oo qaadanaya qayb weyn oo dakhliyada ah, ayaa horseeday dhaleeceyn ku aaddan ka-hor-tagga warshadaha.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8031250/k-pop-audition-shows-produce-big-results-south-korea-music-industry|title=K-Pop Audition Shows Produce Big Results, But Cause Concerns Over Industry's Future|last=Herman|first=Tamar|date=December 11, 2017|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=2018-07-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20171025000927|title=Yet another idol competition show 'The Unit' unveiled|last=Hong|first=Dam-young|date=October 25, 2017|work=[[The Korea Herald]]|access-date=2018-07-20}}</ref> === Dhaleeceynta dhaqamada warshadaha === ==== Musuqmaasuqa ==== Sannadkii 2002, majaladda ''[[Majladda Time|Time]]'' ayaa soo warisay in soo-saareyaasha telefishanka Kuuriya sida Hwang Yong-woo iyo Kim Jong-jin loo xiray inay "aqbaleen lacag-bixinno miiska hoostiisa ah oo dammaanad-ka-bixitaannada TV-ga u muujinaya fannaaniinta iyo fannaaniinta damacsan" si ay wax uga qabtaan "musuqmaasuqa nidaamsan"  ganacsiga muusikada ee Kuuriyada Koonfureed ". Shirkadaha la baaray waxaa ka mid ahaa SidusHQ iyo S.M.<ref name="autogenerated12" /> ==== Ka faa'iidaysiga iyo duruufaha nololeed ee liita ==== Shirkadaha maamulka K-pop ayaa sidoo kale lagu dhaleeceeyay ka faa'iidaysiga sanamyada iyada oo loo marayo shaqo-dhaaf iyo qandaraasyo xaddidan, oo lagu tilmaamay "qandaraasyada addoonta" warbixin ''BBC''.<ref name="BBCdark4">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-13760064|title=The dark side of South Korean pop music|date=June 14, 2011|access-date=January 6, 2012|publisher=BBC}}</ref> Sida laga soo xigtay ''The Hollywood Reporter'', "Ganacsiga madadaalada ee Kuuriya ayaa caan ku ah wax-ka-beddel la'aan iyo sharci la'aan. Xiddigaha K-pop-ka loo baahan yahay-oo badankoodu yihiin 'sanamyo' dhallinyaro ah '-ayaa lagu yaqaannay inay ku celceliyaan oo ay hurdo la'aan seexdaan."<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/south-korean-law-protect-young-717098|title=South Korean Law to Protect Young K-Pop Stars From Sexualization, Overwork|work=The Hollywood Reporter|access-date=April 13, 2016}}</ref> Bishii Luulyo 2009, S.M. waxaa maxkamad geeyey TVXQ iyo xubin Super Junior ah, kuwaas oo ku andacooday in xaaladooda shaqo ay horseeday waxyeelo caafimaad darro.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://world.kbs.co.kr/english/entertainment/enter_chart_detail.htm?No=10722|title=Will TVXQ Stay Together?|date=October 28, 2009|work=KBS World|access-date=October 28, 2009}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sideedaad 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>http://star.mt.co.kr/view/stview.php?no=2009122215270135930&type=1&outlink=1</ref> Go’aanka maxkamadda ee dacwada TVXQ ayaa lagu go’aamiyay heshiiska ay la galeen S.M. madhan, oo ugu dambayntii Guddida Ganacsiga Caddaaladdu waxay sii daysay tusaalooyin qandaraas si ay u habayso xaaladaha warshadaha.<ref name="BBCdark4" /> Sannadkii 2014 -kii, Koonfur Kuuriya waxay meel -marisay sharci lagu hago warshadaha muusigga, iyadoo sanamyada ka yar 19 jir ka ilaalinaya dhaqamada foosha xun iyo bandhigyada galmada<ref>[http://www.wonderingsound.com/news/south-korea-passes-law-regulating-k-pop-industry/ South Korea Passes Law Regulating K-Pop Industry] {{Wayback|url=http://www.wonderingsound.com/news/south-korea-passes-law-regulating-k-pop-industry/ |date=20140804122719 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140804122719/http://www.wonderingsound.com/news/south-korea-passes-law-regulating-k-pop-industry/|date=August 4, 2014}} WonderingSound.com (July 8, 2014). Retrieved on August 3, 2014.</ref> iyo damaanad qaadka "xuquuqda aasaasiga ah ee wax-barashada, nasashada iyo hurdada".<ref name=":02" /> Ku guul darreysiga u hoggaansanaanta xeerarkan waxay horseedi kartaa ganaax u dhigma US $ 10,000.<ref name=":02" /> Xirfadlayaasha warshadaha sida Kim Young-min ayaa difaacay nidaamka, iyagoo ku doodaya in shaqsiyaadka lagu dhex tababaray nidaamka “aysan ka duwanayn carruurta caadiga ah ee dugsiga dhexe ama sare, kuwaas oo aada barnaamijyada dugsiga kadib si ay ugu ciriiriyaan imtixaannada gelitaanka kulliyadda”.  Kim wuxuu kaloo ku dooday inay jirto baahi loo qabo in la tixgeliyo kharashaadka ay shirkaddu gashay muddadii uu tababarku socday, oo ay ku jiraan "tas -hiilaadka, qalabka, dharka, iyo ku dhawaad ​​wax kasta oo tababaruhu u baahan yahay".<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Park|first=Gil-Sung|date=2013|title=Manufacturing Creativity: Production, Performance|url=https://www.ekoreajournal.net/sysLib/down.php?file=..%2FUPLOAD%2FT_articles%2F2(Gil-Sung_PARK).pdf|journal=Korea Journal|volume=53|issue=4|pages=14–33|doi=10.25024/kj.2013.53.4.14|doi-access=free|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2021-08-20|archive-date=2018-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412082058/https://www.ekoreajournal.net/sysLib/down.php?file=..%2FUPLOAD%2FT_articles%2F2(Gil-Sung_PARK).pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Bishii Maarso 7, 2017, Guddiga Ganacsiga Caddaaladda ee Koonfur Kuuriya (KFTC) ayaa meel mariyay xeerar cusub si looga ilaaliyo sanamyada tababbarka sharuudaha aan caddaaladda ahayn iyo xaaladaha shaqada. Xeerarkan ka hor, sanamyada tababbarka ee siddeed hay'adood oo sanamyada looma oggola inay qandaraas ka raadsadaan hay'ad kale intii ay tababarka ku jireen. Intaa waxaa dheer, hay'aduhu waxay awoodeen inay joojiyaan heshiiska tababaraha wakhti kasta sabab kasta ha ahaatee. Guddiga Cadaaladda wuxuu sheegayaa inay rumaysan yihiin in isbeddelladaani "ay ka dhalan doonaan dhaqan heshiis oo caddaalad ku dhisan oo ku dhex jira warshadaha madadaalada ee u dhexeeya tababaraha iyo hay'adda." Hadda, xeerarkani waxay khuseeyaan oo keliya siddeed wakaaladood oo sanamyo waaweyn laakiin Wasaaradda Dhaqanku waxay damacsan tahay inay xeerarkan ku dabaqdo dhammaan hay'adaha jira 2018 oo dhan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.koreaboo.com/longform/new-contractual-changes-cause-concern-within-music-industry|title=New contractual changes cause concern within music industry|date=March 9, 2017}}</ref> ==== Galmada iyo ka faa'iidaysiga galmada ==== {{Main|Galmada iyo ka faa'iidaysiga galmada ee K-pop}}Warshadaha ayaa lagu dhaleeceeyay galmo galinta labada fannaaniin lab iyo dheddig, iyadoo galmo ahaan loo geeyay carruurta aan qaangaarka ahayn.<ref name="sexualizing">{{Cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110720000617|title=Should a law ban sexualizing of K-pop teens?|last=Power|first=John|date=July 20, 2011|work=Korea Herald|access-date=April 10, 2018|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Afraad 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411180723/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20110720000617|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Dhaleeceeyayaasha ayaa ku dooday gabdhaha gabdhaha ah ee heesaya inay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin cadaadiska inay xirtaan dhar qaawan ama qoob ka ciyaar.<ref name="sexualizing" /> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la barbardhigo muusikada caanka ah ee reer galbeedka, K-pop wuxuu leeyahay galmo yar, daroogo, ama dabeecad dagaal badan wuxuuna leeyahay sumcad waalidnimo badan.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Oakeley|first1=Lucas|title=How K-pop became a propaganda tool|url=https://theoutline.com/post/4269/k-pop-propaganda-south-korea-north-korea-demilitarized-zone?zd=1&zi=nms4d5dz|access-date=April 25, 2018|work=[[The Outline (website)|The Outline]]|date=April 24, 2018}}</ref> ==== Caafimaadka maskaxda ==== Qaar ka mid ah fanaaniinta K-pop ayaa soo jeediyay in hubanti la’aanta iyo cadaadiska shaqooyinkooda ee madadaalada ay wax u dhimi karto caafimaadkooda maskaxeed.<ref name="kyung">{{cite web|last=Herman|first=Tamar|title=2018 Sees K-pop Stars Addressing Mental Health Stressors in Industry|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/8369832/k-pop-stars-talk-mental-health|date=April 23, 2018|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=December 5, 2019}}</ref> Ismiidaaminta fannaaniinta caanka ah ee K-pop ayaa soo jiitay cadaadiska warshadaha.<ref name="variety mental health">{{cite news|last1=Kil|first1=Sonia|title=Jonghyun Suicide Note Points to Brutal Pressure of Korean Spotlight|url=https://variety.com/2017/music/asia/shinee-jonghyun-dies-dead-suicide-note-k-pop-pressure-1202644698/|access-date=January 27, 2019|work=Variety|date=December 19, 2017|language=en}}</ref> Sannadkii 1996-kii, fannaanka Charles Park, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Seo Ji-won, ayaa ku dhintay ismiidaamin isagoo 19 jir ah, ka hor intii aan la sii dayn albumkiisii ​​labaad.<ref name="variety mental health" /><ref>{{cite web|title=History of K-pop: 1992-1995, The Beginning|url=http://seoulbeats.com/2016/01/history-of-k-pop-1992-1995-the-beginning/|website=seoulbeats|access-date=January 27, 2019|date=January 10, 2016|archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104230923/http://seoulbeats.com/2016/01/history-of-k-pop-1992-1995-the-beginning/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kim Jonghyun, oo hore u furfurnaa taariikhdiisa [[Niyadjabka|niyad-jabka]], ayaa sidoo kale ku dhintay is -dilid bishii Diseembar 2017.<ref name="variety mental health" /> Gugii 2018, tiro ka mid ah fannaaniinta caanka ah ee Kuuriya ayaa ka qaybgalay taxane riwaayad oo lacag la'aan ah si kor loogu qaado wacyiga ka-hortagga is-dilka.<ref name="kyung" /> Sanadkii 2019, geeridii [[Sulli]] ee is -dilida muuqata, waxaa xigay geeridii [[Goo Hara]], oo labaduba loo geystey xoog sheegashada internetka, oo lagu daray baaqyada dib-u-habeynta.<ref>{{cite web|last=Park|first=Ju-won|title=Singer Goo Hara's Death Shines Light on the Dark Side of K-Pop|url=https://time.com/5741058/dark-side-of-kpop-pressure-death/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128225033/https://time.com/5741058/dark-side-of-kpop-pressure-death/|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 28, 2019|date=November 28, 2019|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=December 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Kwon|first=Jake|title=After another K-pop death, spotlight turns to difficulties faced by industry's 'perfect' stars|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/30/entertainment/kpop-pressures-goo-hara-sulli-intl-hnk-scli/index.html|date=December 2, 2019|work=[[CNN]]|access-date=December 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-18|title=Are Jonghyun, Sulli and Goo Hara victims of the K-pop industry?|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3042466/are-jonghyun-sulli-and-goo-hara-victims-k-pop-industry|access-date=2021-02-24|website=South China Morning Post|language=en}}</ref> == Tixraacyada == [[yue: K-pop]] <references /> [[Category:K-pop]] bma5xh6l1rq7326e1pbdzxgy2d0iymn 10 33363 308929 216127 2026-09-22T13:52:12Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||$B= {{#invoke:Message box|ambox |name = Multiple issues |templatestyles = Multiple issues/styles.css |doc = no |subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> |class = ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox |type = {{#invoke:Multiple issues|type|{{{1|}}}}} |removalnotice = yes <!-- as of 2016-06, param does not work on this template --> |all = Articles with multiple maintenance issues |text = <div class="multiple-issues-text {{#if:{{{1|}}}|mw-collapsible {{#if:{{{collapsed|}}}|mw-collapsed}}}}"><!-- -->'''{{#if:{{{section|}}}|Qaybtan|Maqaalkani}} wuxuu leeyahay dhibaatooyin badan.''' 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Fadlan caawi '''[[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|sidii aad u wanaajin lahayd]]''' ama kala hadal dhibaatooyinkaan ku saabsan '''[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]]'''. <small>''([[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka|Baro sida iyo xilliga laga saaro fariimahan]])''</small> {{#if:{{{1|}}} | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> {{#invoke:String|replace|source={{{1|}}}|pattern=style="display: none"|replace=|count=}}<!--remove style="display: none", to support display of {{orphan}} messages in {{multiple issues}}--> </div> | <includeonly>{{error|Lama cayimin wax dhibaato ah. 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Fadlan caawi '''[[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|sidii aad u wanaajin lahayd]]''' ama kala hadal dhibaatooyinkaan ku saabsan '''[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]]'''. <small>''([[Help:Maintenance template removal|Baro sida iyo xilliga laga saaro fariimahan]])''</small> {{#if:{{{1|}}} | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> {{#invoke:String|replace|source={{{1|}}}|pattern=style="display: none"|replace=|count=}}<!--remove style="display: none", to support display of {{orphan}} messages in {{multiple issues}}--> </div> | <includeonly>{{error|Lama cayimin wax dhibaato ah. 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Fadlan caawi '''[[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|sidii aad u wanaajin lahayd]]''' ama kala hadal dhibaatooyinkaan ku saabsan '''[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]]'''. <small>''([[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka|Baro sida iyo xilliga laga saaro fariimahan]])''</small> {{#if:{{{1|}}} | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> {{#invoke:String|replace|source={{{1|}}}|pattern=style="display: none"|replace=|count=}}<!--remove style="display: none", to support display of {{orphan}} messages in {{multiple issues}}--> </div> | <includeonly>{{error|Lama cayimin wax dhibaato ah. Fadlan cayim dhibaatooyinka, ama ka saar qaab-dhismeedkan.}}</includeonly> }} </div> {{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Pages using multiple issues with unknown parameters|§{{PAGENAME}}]]}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using multiple issues with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Multiple issues]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | collapsed | section }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> bchzyb11u627hq9pzrot0scw3ls1uth 0 33387 309234 220682 2026-09-23T09:33:25Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309234 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Teyana Taylor|image=Teyana Taylor Wikipedia.jpg|caption=Taylor ee 2008|birth_date={{birth date and age|1990|12|10}}|birth_name=Teyana Me Shay Jacqueli Taylor<ref name="4CymE7wJJyE">Taylor in {{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4CymE7wJJyE|title= Teyana Taylor Asks Iman Shumpert 30 Questions|date= July 23, 2019|time=10:08|publisher=GQ|medium=[[YouTube]]|quote=What is my middle name? Me Shay Jacqueli.}}</ref>|alias=Jimmy Neutch<br>Petunia<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/teyanataylor/status/340908940802015232|title=TEYANA M.J. SHUMPERT on Twitter: "Do I have to put my real name to get my vine Verified!!!!??? I love my jimmy Neutch name tho. 😤😒 someone help"|publisher=[[Twitter]]|author=Teyana Taylor|date=1 June 2013|access-date=1 August 2019}}</ref>Spike Tee<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/schoolboy-q-yg-and-ty-dolla-sign-turn-up-the-drive-in-for-lies-video-new-video.45642.html|title=ScHoolboy Q, YG & Ty Dolla $ign Turn Up The Drive-In For "Lies" Video|author=Aaron A.|publisher=HotNewHipHop|date=1 August 2019|access-date=1 August 2019}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>|birth_place=[[New York City]]|spouse={{marriage|Iman Shumpert|2016}}|children=2|occupation=|years_active=2005–hada|home_town=|awards=|module={{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians -->|embed=yes | background = solo_singer | instrument = Cod | genre = | label = {{flatlist| * Def Jam Recordings * GOOD Music * Star Trak Entertainment * Interscope Records }} | associated_acts = {{flatlist| * Che Pope * Fabolous * Jazze Pha * [[Kanye West]] * Pharrell Williams }} | website = {{URL|teyanataylor.com}} }}}} '''Teyana Me Shay Jacqueli Shumpert''' (''[[Magaca dhalashada|née]]'' '''Taylor'''; dhashay Diseembar 10, 1990)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://newrochelle.dailyvoice.com/neighbors/happy-birthday-to-new-rochelles-teyana-taylor/422425/|title=Happy Birthday To New Rochelles Teyana Taylor|work=New Rochelle Daily Voice|access-date=2018-08-09|language=en}}</ref> waa fanaanad Mareykan ah, heesaa-qoraa, atariisho, qoob-ka-ciyaarka, agaasime iyo moodel.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wmagazine.com/story/teyana-taylor-kanye-west-fade-video-dancer|title=Everything You Need to Know About Teyana Taylor, the Dancer in Kanye West's "Fade" She is also famous for her brand new movie in the Eddie Murphy film Coming 2 America as Bopoto Izzi Video|last=Petrarca|first=Emilia|work=W Magazine|access-date=2018-06-04|language=en}}</ref> == Tixraacyada == <references /> [[Category:Dad nool]] 1ite8g206lb3fv2owwgo3vwtw576maq 0 33479 309129 227154 2026-09-23T03:16:13Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309129 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dilka Ashley Olsen Italia 2016''' * {{Flag|United States}} Ashley Olsen'''1''' '''Dilka''' *{{Flag|Senegal}} '''Cheikh Tidiane Diaw''' Dilka ashley olsen ee talyaaniga by nin senagelese, dil, ashley olsen ka USA. * [[2016]] ==Warka== * https://www.voanews.com/europe/italian-police-arrest-suspect-murder-florida-woman {{Wayback|url=https://www.voanews.com/europe/italian-police-arrest-suspect-murder-florida-woman |date=20210911133404 }} * https://abcnews.go.com/International/senegalese-migrant-arrested-suspect-death-american-florence-italy/story?id=36288602 * https://www.google.com/search?q=senegal+italy+migrants+olsen&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjW1MqL__byAhXVwoUKHVNgA08Q2-cCegQIABAA&oq=senegal+italy+migrants+olsen&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1CUYljed2D5eWgCcAB4AIABgAGIAdYGkgEDMy41mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=jao8YZbaMtWFlwTTwI34BA&bih=876&biw=1821&rlz=1C1HLDY_enGB969GB969#imgrc=GjjUc1eFVKTMaM * https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/09/ashley-olsens-family-defend-murdered-artists-character-from-offensive-media * https://edition.cnn.com/2016/02/10/europe/ashley-olsen-family-letter/index.html ==Sido Kale fiiri== mzrv19m09lqtd3f25rcymr5oec8kux7 0 33670 308925 255708 2026-09-22T13:36:17Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Jasiiradda Balkaan]] 308925 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Jasiiradda_Balkaan]] baes8nyvqr97we3zp9ycplrt69q95kg 0 34372 309112 305484 2026-09-23T00:28:32Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Amaal Nuux|birth_place=[[Muqdisho]], Soomaaliya|image=Amaalnuuxhn.jpg|occupation=Fannaanad|ethnicity=Soomaaliya|citizenship={{Hlist|Soomaaliya|Kanada|}}|education=[[Jaamacadda Toronto]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1990|05|26|}}|years active=2012—hada}} '''Amaal Nuux''' (dhashay Maajo 26, [[1990]]) waa fannaanad [[Soomaali]]-Kanadian ah iyo shakhsiyad baraha bulshada. == Nolo iyo shaqo == Amaal Nuux waxa ay ku dhalatay Muqdisho, iyada oo da’ yar, waxa ay ka tagtay Soomaaliya oo ay timid Kanada, kuna soo barbaartay Toronto. Nuux waxa kale oo uu Kanada wax ku bartay Jaamacadda Toronto. Nuux waxa uu bilaabay dariiq mihnad faneed madax banaan oo uu ku soo galay warshadaha.<ref name=":1">[https://flaunt.com/content/qampa-amaal-nuux Q&A |Amaal Nuux - Flaunt Magazine]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Labaad 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}.</ref> Markii ay da'deedu ahayd 20 jir, Nuux waxa ay bilawday in ay sii deyso muusigga YouTube-ka oo ay kasbato aragtiyo cajiib ah, waxa ay ku luuqaysay heeso ay ka mid yihiin "[[Mufasa]]," "With You" iyo "Words Revealed."<ref name=":0">[https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/music/2019/07/19/torontos-somali-muslim-rb-singer-amaal-on-embracing-songs-about-sexuality-and-intimacy.html "Toronto’s Somali Muslim R&B singer Amaal on embracing songs about ‘sexuality and intimacy’"].</ref> === ''Black Dove'', ''Prologue Mixtape'' iyo ''Milly'' === [[Ciyaar la dheereeyey|EP]]-ka Nuux, ''[[Black Dove]]'',<ref>[https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/amaal-debut-project-black-dove-8520256 Amaal Wages a Still Rebellion With Debut Project 'Black Dove']. ''[[Billboard]]''.</ref> waxaa sii daayay Universal Music Canada ee 12 Luulyo [[2019]]. Waxaa si fiican u soo dhaweeyay dadka dhaleeceeya. [[Abaalmarinta Juno]], ''Black Dove'' waxaa loo magacaabay "R&B / Soul Duubista Sanadka".<ref>[https://hiphopcanada.com/amaal-black-dove-ep-later/amp/ Black Dove: Rising artist Amaal releases debut project] {{Wayback|url=https://hiphopcanada.com/amaal-black-dove-ep-later/amp/ |date=20211117231236 }}.</ref><ref>[https://everythingisnoise.net/reviews/amaal-black-dove/ Amaal - "Black Dove" - Everything Is Noise].</ref><ref>https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/amaal-issues-debut-black-dove-ep-and-plants-her-stake-in-the-ground-new-mixtape.119330.html?_amp {{Wayback|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/amaal-issues-debut-black-dove-ep-and-plants-her-stake-in-the-ground-new-mixtape.119330.html?_amp |date=20211117231233 }}<nowiki/>/</ref> Waxay sido kale soo daaysay ''[[Prologue Mixtape]]''. Ee Oktoobar 28, [[2021]], EP-ka Nuux, ''[[Milly]]'', waxaa sii daayay Warner Music Canada.<ref>[https://amp.www.complex.com/music/amaal-releases-new-ep-milly Amaal Reveals Her Truest Self on Sophomore EP 'Milly'] {{Wayback|url=https://amp.www.complex.com/music/amaal-releases-new-ep-milly |date=20211118121854 }}.</ref> == Farshaxan == Nuux waa fanaanad R&B/<ref name=":2">[https://coveteur.com/amaal-nuux-talks-new-ep-black-dove/particle-1 Amaal Nuux Is the Toronto R&B Artist You Need to Know].</ref> Soul iyo Pop, nooca ​​fanka ah ayaan inta badan Soomaaliya caan ka ahayn fannaaniinta maadaama ay jecel yihiin [[Fanka Soomaalida|muusiga Soomaaliga]], sidaas darteed, Nuux waxa ay ka mid tahay fannaaniinta Soomaaliyeed oo R&B ee ay caanka ku tahay. Codka Nuux ayaa lagu tilmaamay mid si fiican loo hagaajiyay. Qaar ka mid ah fikradeeda heesaheeda waxay inta badan diiradda saaraan bulshada iyo qaxoontinimada.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[http://www.passerbuys.com/profiles/amaal-nuux Life in 10 Tracks with Amaal Nuux - Passerbuys] {{Wayback|url=http://www.passerbuys.com/profiles/amaal-nuux |date=20211117231235 }}.</ref><ref name=":2" /> == Saamayn == Nuux waxaa dhiiri galiyay fanaaniinta sida [[Nina Simone]], [[Adele]], [[Lauryn Hill]], [[Céline Dion]] iyo [[K'naan]].<ref name=":0" /> == Tix == <references /> [[Category:Fanaaniinta Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Dad nool]] [[Category:Fanaaniinta dumrka Soomaaliyeed]] oocu9lg0akkimmo0v0f3vjviyhl31vl 0 35016 309128 228091 2026-09-23T03:10:47Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dhibato Kazakhstan 2022''' * Dawac 0026 * Dilka 0026 * [[Kasakhstan]] Rabshado ka dhacay Kazakhstan ee gobollo ka mid ah qoraalo iyo in ka badan , dad ayaa lagu dilay rabshado ka dhacay waddooyinka iyo goobaha dadweynaha oo ay gaysteen ciidamada iyo booliiska ee codbixinta Aasiya ==Warka== * https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/01/06/world/russia-kazakhstan-protests/ * https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-59907235 * https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220107_07/ {{Wayback|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220107_07/ |date=20220107103159 }} 48nbcmyl960fgpmrt4o66m4tbs9w3vj 0 35178 309230 281976 2026-09-23T07:51:34Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Nicki Minaj|image=Nicki Minaj Realize 2017 NBA Awards Tour.png|caption=Minaj ee 2017|birth_name=Onika Tanya Maraj|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|12|8}}|citizenship=|education=|birth_place=[[Saint James, Trinidad iyo Tobago|Saint James]], [[Dekedda Isbania]], [[Trinidad iyo Tobago]]|alias=|occupation={{Hlist|Raaber|atariisho|}}|years_active=2004–hada|spouse={{marriage|Kenneth Petty|2019}}|partner=[[Safaree Samuels]] (2000–2014)<br /> [[Meek Mill]] (2015–2017)<br />|children=1|awards=|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | background = | genre = | instrument = Cod | origin = [[New York]] | label = {{flatlist| * [[Young Money Entertainment|Young Money]] * [[Cash Money Records|Cash Money]] * [[Republic Records|Republic]] }} | associated_acts = {{flatlist| * [[Ariana Grande]] * [[Chris Brown]] * [[David Guetta]] * [[Drake]] * [[Kanye West]] * [[Lil Wayne]] * [[Madonna]] * [[Meek Mill]] * [[Jesy Nelson]] }} | website = {{URL|nickiminajofficial.com}} {{Infobox | child =yes |header = Logo | headerstyle = background:#b0c4de }} }}}} '''Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty''' (dhashay Diseembar 8, 1982), loo yaqan sida '''Nicki Minaj''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ɪ|ˈ|n|ɑː|ʒ}}), waa raaber, heesaa iyo atariisho ku dhashay Trinidadian<ref>Minaj ayaa ku andacoonaysa inay si sharci darro ah ugu soo haajirtay Maraykanka mana cadda waxa ay tahay sharcigeeda dhalasho ee Maraykanka.[https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8462182/nicki-minaj-children-border-crisis-illegal-immigrant]</ref>. Waxa ay caan ku tahay wax-ka-bedelkeeda farshaxan ahaan, hal-abuurkeeda luuqaynta iyo isticmaalkeeda beddelka ereyada iyo lahjadaha. Minaj ayaa markii ugu horreysay heshay aqoonsi ka dib markii ay sii daysay saddex [[mixtape]] oo isku dhafan intii u dhaxaysay 2007 iyo 2009. Waxay ku caan baxday albamkeedii ugu horreeyay, ''[[Pink Friday]]'' (2010) iyo heesta "[[Super Bass]]". Inta badan waxaa lagu tilmaamaa "[[Naaneysyada sharafta leh ee muusiga caanka ah|Boqoradda Raabka]]" iyo "Boqoradda Hip Hop" dhowr warbaahin, iyada ayaa loo magacaabay mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu saameynta badan abid ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[Evening Standard]]'', iyo ''[[NPR]]''. Minaj sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu iibsiga badan ebid, iyada oo 100 milyan oo rikoodh ah oo adduunka ah lagu iibiyey. ''[[Billboard]]'' waxay ku qiimeeyay inay tahay raaberyasha haweeneyda ugu sareysa 2010-meeyadii, iyo toddobaad ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu sarreeya dumarka. Atariisho ahaan, waxay door yar ah ku lahayd filimada majaajilada ah ''[[The Other Woman]]'' (2014) iyo ''[[Barbershop: The Next Cut]]'' (2016). Iyadu hadda waa [[Liiska xisaabaadka Instagram-ka ee inta badan la raaco|raaber-ta loogu badan raacaa]] [[Instagram]]-ka oo leh in ka badan 175 milyan oo raacsan. == Dhaxalka == Warbaahino kala duwan, sida ''[[Billboard]]'', ''[[Time]]'', ''[[NME]]'', ''[[NBC News]]'', ''[[Cosmopolitan]]'' iyo [[GQ]] waxay Minaj ugu yeereen "Boqoradda Raab-ka" iyo ''[[The New York Times]]'', ''[[Washington Post]]'', ''[[NPR]]'', iyo [[LA Times|''LA Times'']] waxay u tixraaceen inay tahay "Boqoradda Hip Hop".<ref>Sources for Minaj being cited the "Queen of Rap": * {{Cite web|date=2018-08-10|title=GQ Editors Pick the Best Nicki Minaj Verses|url=https://www.gq.com/story/these-are-the-best-nicki-minaj-verses|access-date=2021-10-19|website=GQ|language=en-US}} * {{Cite magazine|title=Jesy Nelson Gets Post-Little Mix Career Underway With 'Boyz' Featuring Nicki Minaj: Stream It Now|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9642448/jesy-nelson-boyz-nicki-minaj-listen/|magazine=Billboard|language=en|access-date=2021-10-19}} * {{Cite magazine|date=2022-02-04|title=Nicki Minaj x Lil Baby, Mitski & More: What’s Your Favorite Music Release of the Week? Vote!|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/new-music-release-poll-nicki-minaj-lil-baby-mitski-1235027444/|access-date=2022-02-07|website=Billboard|language=en}} * {{Cite web|title=Nicki Minaj backs Texas councilman who gave her a birthday shoutout|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-pop-culture/nicki-minaj-backs-texas-councilman-gave-birthday-shoutout-rcna8569|access-date=2022-01-07|website=NBC News|language=en}} * {{Cite magazine|last=Lang|first=Cady|date=March 14, 2017|title=Watch Nicki Minaj Flawlessly Lip Sync to Celine Dion|url=https://time.com/4701402/nicki-minaj-celine-dion-lip-sync/|access-date=2021-11-11|magazine=Time|language=en|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2021-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111172255/https://time.com/4701402/nicki-minaj-celine-dion-lip-sync/|dead-url=yes}} * {{Cite news|title=Nicki Minaj is the queen of rap. She needs to start acting like it.|language=en|work=[[Mic (media company)|Mic]]|url=https://mic.com/articles/190885/nicki-minaj-queen-rap-of-rap-act-like-it#.Pj6lGHD89|access-date=October 26, 2018}} * {{Cite web|last=Mappoura|first=Lia|date=2022-02-15|title=This throwback picture of Nicki Minaj is proof that she ages backwards|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/beauty-hair/celebrity-hair-makeup/a39088801/nicki-minaj-throwback-picture/|access-date=2022-02-17|website=[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]|language=en-GB}} * {{Cite web|last=Wang|first=Steffanee|title=Nicki Minaj & Lil Baby Pull Of A Heist On "Do We Have A Problem"|url=https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/nicki-minaj-lil-baby-do-we-have-a-problem-video|access-date=2022-02-17|website=[[Nylon (magazine)|Nylon]]|language=en}} * {{Cite web|date=2021-09-16|title=Nicki Minaj: every album ranked and rated|url=https://www.nme.com/features/nicki-minaj-every-album-ranked-and-rated-3047363|access-date=2021-11-01|website=NME|language=en-GB}} * {{Cite web|title=Nicki Minaj Pulled Out Of The 2021 VMAs For A Mysterious Reason|url=https://www.bustle.com/entertainment/why-nicki-minaj-wont-perform-at-2021-mtv-vmas|access-date=2021-12-01|website=Bustle|language=en}}</ref><ref>Sources for Minaj being cited the "Queen of Hip-Hop": * {{Cite news|title=From Queens to Queen: Nicki Minaj, 'Pink Friday'|language=en-US|work=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2010/11/22/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-review/|access-date=2021-11-11|issn=0190-8286}}<nowiki> "'Pink Friday' proves to be a highly autobiographical album, recounting Minaj's rise from Red Lobster waitress to bad-girl queen of hip-hop."}}</nowiki> * {{cite web|first=Sowmya|last=Krishnamurthy|title=Nicki Minaj Is The 21st Century's Insatiable Hip-Hop Monarch|url=https://www.npr.org/2018/10/03/651761719/nicki-minaj-is-the-21st-centurys-insatiable-hip-hop-monarch|date=October 3, 2018|access-date=June 9, 2020|publisher=National Public Radio}} * {{Cite web|last=Fitzgerald|first=Trent|title=Nicki Minaj's Most Essential Songs You Need to Hear|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/nicki-minaj-essential-songs/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=XXL Mag|language=en}} * {{Cite news|last1=Best|first1=Tamara|last2=Chow|first2=Andrew R.|date=2015-08-30|title=VMAs 2015: Moments to Watch|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/30/arts/music/2015-mtv-vmas.html|access-date=2021-11-11|issn=0362-4331}} * {{Cite magazine|title=Nicki Minaj's 13 Most Priceless Music Moments|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/events/hot-100-festival/6633571/nicki-minaj-hot-100-festival-timeline|access-date=2021-11-03|magazine=Billboard|language=en}} * {{Cite web|date=2015-06-27|title=Review: BET Experience 2015: Nicki Minaj fails to impress|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-bet-experience-2015-nicki-minaj-fails-to-impress-20150627-story.html|access-date=2021-11-03|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> Sannadkii 2012, Jon Caramanica oo ka tirsan wargeyska ''The New York Times'' ayaa ugu yeedhay Minaj "raaber-ta dumarka ugu saamaynta badan ah ee waligoodba", ee 2015 Vanessa Grigoriadis oo ka tirsan [[The New York Times Magazine|majaladda]] ayaa ugu yeedhay "xiddigta raab-ka dumarka ugu weyn adduunka".<ref name="NYT20120330" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Grigoriadis|first=Vanessa|date=2015-10-07|title=The Passion of Nicki Minaj|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/11/magazine/the-passion-of-nicki-minaj.html|access-date=2021-11-12|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{cite news|title=From Nas to Drake, the most influential hip hop artists of all time|language=en-GB|work=Evening Standard|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/go/london/music/the-most-influential-hip-hop-artists-of-all-time-a3863356.html|access-date=October 29, 2018}}</ref><ref name="ZoeJohnsonXXLNM" /><ref>https://www.npr.org/2018/10/03/651761719/nicki-minaj-is-the-21st-centurys-insatiable-hip-hop-monarch</ref> 2017, Patrik Sandberg oo ka tirsan ''[[Dazed]]'' ayaa ku dooday in Minaj uu "ka sare maray fanaan kasta oo kale oo hip hop ah si uu u noqdo midka ugu guulaha badan taariikhda".<ref name=":053">{{cite news|last=Dazed|date=September 19, 2017|title=Nicki Minaj on ten years of revolutionising rap|language=en|work=Dazed|url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/37367/1/nicki-minaj-new-album-steven-klein-interview|access-date=October 29, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Soulsby|first=Nick|date=2020-05-11|title=Nicki Minaj Is the Greatest Rapper of the Decade Bar None, PopMatters|url=https://www.popmatters.com/nicki-minaj-greatest-rapper-decade-2645966150.html|access-date=2022-01-07|website=PopMatters|language=en-US}}</ref> ''[[Glamour]]'' waxa ay ku dartay Minaj liiskooda 104 haween ah oo qeexay dhaqanka pop 2010-yadii.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-20|title=104 Women Who Defined the Decade in Pop Culture|url=https://www.glamour.com/story/women-who-defined-the-decade-in-pop-culture|access-date=2021-11-21|website=Glamour|language=en-US}}</ref> ''[[XXL]]'', Madeline Roth waxay ka faallootay in Minaj "ay ka caawisay dhalashada jiil cusub oo raaber ah oo la mid ah qaabkeeda".<ref name="ZoeJohnsonXXLNM" /> Waxay saameyn ku yeelatay dhowr fanaan oo ay ka mid yihiin [[Tinashe]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Roth|first=Madeline|title=Tinashe on Nicki Minaj's Best Quality: 'She's Unapologetic'|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2351719/tinashe-female-empowerment-lesson-nicki-minaj/|access-date=10 August 2020|website=MTV|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=28 Bisha Sagaalaad 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928093152/http://www.mtv.com/news/2351719/tinashe-female-empowerment-lesson-nicki-minaj/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[Cher Lloyd]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cher Lloyd Says Nicki Minaj Helped Change Pop Music: "I Admire How Brave She Is"|url=https://www.capitalfm.com/artists/cher-lloyd/news/nicki-minaj-changed-pop/|access-date=13 August 2020|website=Capital FM}}</ref> [[Cupcakke]],<ref>{{Citation|title=CupcakKe Interview - New Album, Hosting Hot Haus TV Show, Going to School With Chief Keef|date=October 29, 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7nDizgI00s&t=1768s|language=en|access-date=2021-11-12}}</ref> [[Billie Eilish]],<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Kaufman|first=Gil|title=Here Are the Artists Who Inspired Billie Eilish Over the Years|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/9391977/billie-eilish-musical-inspirations|access-date=August 30, 2020|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> [[Lil Nas X]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lil Nas X on 'Montero (Call Me By Your Name),' forgiving himself, and being a Barb|url=https://ew.com/music/lil-nas-x-montero-pride-cover-story/|access-date=2021-09-16|website=EW.com|language=en}}</ref> [[Ms Banks]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mylrea|first=Hannah|date=November 14, 2017|title=Meet Ms Banks, Nicki Minaj's New Favourite Rapper|website=[[NME]]|url=https://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-radar/who-ms-banks-nicki-minajs-new-favourite-rapper-2158928|access-date=September 15, 2020}}</ref> [[Asian Doll]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 11, 2018|title=Asian Doll Talks Nicki Minaj Co-Sign: "I Was the First One to Say She's My Idol"|url=https://thesource.com/2018/05/11/asian-doll-nicki-minaj/}}</ref> [[Doja Cat]],<ref>{{Cite web|author=Stacy-Ann Ellis|title=Doja Cat Is Here to Stay With Whimsical Wordplay and Bars That Bite|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/doja-cat-rapper-interview/|access-date=10 August 2020|website=XXL}}</ref> [[Megan Thee Stallion]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 11, 2020|title='She's An Inspiration' – Megan Thee Stallion Gush Over Nicki Minaj|url=https://www.informationng.com/2020/03/shes-an-inspiration-megan-thee-stallion-gush-over-nicki-minaj-video.html|access-date=April 8, 2021|website=Information Nigeria}}</ref> [[Mulatto|Latto]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mulatto Says Nicki Minaj Inspired Her to Become a Rapper|url=https://www.rap-up.com/2021/01/26/nicki-minaj-inspired-mulatto-to-rap/|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=Rap-Up}}</ref> [[Shenseea]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shenseea Was Inspired by Nicki Minaj and Rihanna -|url=https://www.bet.com/video-clips/8cumf1/shenseea-was-inspired-by-nicki-minaj-and-rihanna|access-date=2022-01-19|website=BET|language=en|archive-date=2022-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211132420/https://www.bet.com/video-clips/8cumf1/shenseea-was-inspired-by-nicki-minaj-and-rihanna|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Bia|BIA]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who is BIA? Meet the Boston rapper on the 'Whole Lotta Money' remix with Nicki Minaj|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/music/2021/07/09/who-bia-meet-rapper-whole-lotta-money-remix-nicki-minaj/7919592002/|website=USA Today|access-date=July 10, 2021}}</ref> [[Lakeyah]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Torres|first=Bianca|title=Lakeyah Names Her Top Five Favorite Rappers|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/lakeyah-top-five-rappers/|access-date=2022-01-09|website=XXL Mag|language=en}}</ref> [[Luísa Sonza]],<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Internet (amdb.com.br)|first=AMDB|title=Luísa Sonza lança 'Anaconda *o* ~~~', feat. com Mariah Angeliq: "Fiz a cama; e ela deitou" [ENTREVISTA] · Rolling Stone|url=https://rollingstone.uol.com.br/musica/luisa-sonza-lanca-anaconda-o-feat-com-mariah-angeliq-fiz-cama-e-ela-deitou-entrevista/|access-date=2021-12-09|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=December 8, 2021}}</ref> [[Coi Leray]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nicki Minaj probably one of the biggest female Trendsetters of all time. #inspired|url=https://twitter.com/coi_leray/status/1479535024550518786|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-07|website=Twitter|language=en}}</ref> [[Maliibu Miitch]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-28|title=Bronx native Maliibu Miitch is going back to the roots of rap|url=https://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2019/10/28/malibu-mitch-autumn-19-issue/|access-date=2021-09-08|website=Wonderland|language=en-US}}</ref> [[City Girls]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-10|title=City Girls Still 'Hoping' To Work With Nicki Minaj Despite Yung Miami Instagram Block|last=Bustard|first=Andy|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.63802/title.city-girls-still-hoping-to-work-with-nicki-minaj-despite-yung-miami-instagram-block|access-date=2022-01-08|website=HipHopDX}}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Todobaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Yung Baby Tate]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=III|first=Robby Seabrook|title=The Break Presents: Yung Baby Tate - XXL|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/yung-baby-tate-interview-the-break/|access-date=2022-01-14|website=XXL Mag|language=en}}</ref> [[Rico Nasty]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Williams|first=Kyann-Sian|date=2020-09-11|title=Rico Nasty: "I definitely resonate with being a pop-punk princess"|url=https://www.nme.com/big-reads/rico-nasty-cover-interview-2020-iphone-nightmare-vacation-2750494|access-date=2022-01-08|website=NME|language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Princess Vitarah]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Princess Vitarah Lives By Her Own Rules|url=https://www.thefader.com/2016/09/27/princess-vitarah-interview|access-date=2022-01-19|website=The FADER|language=en}}</ref> [[Erica Banks]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Inman|first=DeMicia|title=Texan Rapper Erica Banks On Her Song "Buss It" Going Viral|url=https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/erica-banks-buss-it-challenge|access-date=2022-01-09|website=Nylon|language=en}}</ref> [[Flo Milli]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=I|first=Kathy|last2=oli|title=Flo Milli Looks to Nicki Minaj for Career Inspiration|url=https://www.xxlmag.com/flo-milli-interview-nicki-minaj/|access-date=2022-01-09|website=XXL Mag|language=en}}</ref> [[Ivorian Doll]],<ref>{{Cite web|title="I’m Just Trying To Compete With The Boys": An Interview With Ivorian Doll|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/07/ivorian-doll-interview|access-date=2022-01-09|website=Complex|language=en|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2022-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109100542/https://www.complex.com/music/2020/07/ivorian-doll-interview|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[Angel Haze]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-09-06|title=Angel Haze Speaks On Learned Technique, Inspiration From Drake & Nicki Minaj|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.21042/title.angel-haze-speaks-on-learned-technique-inspiration-from-drake-nicki-minaj|access-date=2022-01-11|website=HipHopDX|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2022-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111211826/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.21042/title.angel-haze-speaks-on-learned-technique-inspiration-from-drake-nicki-minaj|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[Rubi Rose]], [[Lady Leshurr]], iyo [[Saweetie]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Lyle|first=Ashley|date=February 14, 2018|title=Rising MC Saweetie Talks Viral Hit 'Icy Grl,' Signing With Warner Bros. Records & the Value of Education|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8099115/saweetie-interview-icy-grl-warner-bros-deal|access-date=September 10, 2019|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> ''Billboard'' waxa uu ku ammaanay in ay dib ugu soo celisay raaber-yada dumarka ee guud ahaan Maraykanka.<ref>{{cite news|title=29 Black Music Milestones: Nicki Minaj Puts Female Rap Back On the Map|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/504502/29-black-music-milestones-nicki-minaj-puts-female-rap-back-on-the-map|access-date=April 30, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/9378020/nicki-minaj-best-features-top-20|title=Nicki Minaj's 20 Best Features|access-date=August 21, 2020|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> Minaj waxaa lagu tiriyaa ''[[Complex]]'' inay awood u leedahay inay "qaadato hees fudud oo ay u rogi karto mid guulaysata sababtoo ah waxay ku jirtaa."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/05/the-best-nicki-minaj-features/y-u-mad|title=The Best Nicki Minaj Features|access-date=August 21, 2020|website=Complex|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201155233/https://www.complex.com/music/2018/05/the-best-nicki-minaj-features/y-u-mad|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="Monster">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/01/arts/music/nicki-minaj-is-the-influential-leader-of-hip-hop.html?pagewanted=all|title=A Singular Influence|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 30, 2012|access-date=10 August 2020|last1=Caramanica|first1=Jon}}</ref> Sannadkii 2014, ''NPR'' Erik Nielson wuxuu sheegay in "guusha Minaj tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay ay u taagan tahay marka laga reebo qaanuunka aan qornayn ee ah in haweenka raaber-yada aysan hadda boos ka helin fannaaniinta caanka ah".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/03/04/285718351/where-did-all-the-female-rappers-go|title=Where Did All The Female Rappers Go?|access-date=March 16, 2021|website=NPR|date=March 4, 2014|last1=Nielson|first1=Erik}}</ref> Qoraaga ''[[Nylon]]'', Demicia Inman, ayaa sidoo kale ku amaantay Minaj saameynteeda taasoo "u taagan tahay mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu guulaha badan qarniga", sidoo kale waxay sheegtay in Minaj "ay la dagaalantay haweenka ka soo horjeeda iyo eexda warshadaha ee haweenka madow si ay u sawirto aqoonsigeeda iyo dhawaaq" oo saameeyn ku yeelanaya shaqadeeda. <ref name="NylonMagMinaj">{{Cite web|title=10 YEARS AFTER 'PINK FRIDAY,' A LOOK AT NICKI MINAJ'S ENDURING LEGACY|url=https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/nicki-minaj-pink-friday|access-date=February 15, 2021|website=Nylon}}</ref><ref name="ComplexNM1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/11/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-10-year-anniversary|title=The Lasting Legacy of Nicki Minaj|access-date=May 1, 2021|website=Complex|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108175028/https://www.complex.com/music/2020/11/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-10-year-anniversary|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Best Rapper Alive, Every Year Since 1979|url=https://www.complex.com/music/the-best-rapper-alive-every-year-since-1979|access-date=2022-01-20|website=Complex|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2018-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203161718/http://www.complex.com/music/the-best-rapper-alive-every-year-since-1979|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Xusuusin == {{notelist}} == Tixraac == miw99buly4ddd0ncvfznwu3uqg91rjw 0 35379 309108 244246 2026-09-22T23:59:34Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''2022 Abu Dhabi Bamka''' * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}} * {{Flag|Yemen}} '''Houthi''' '''Ganthal''' * [[Arabian Degaanka tectonic]] Xuutiyiintu waxay weerar ku qaadeen Abu Dhabi oo ka tirsan qaaradda Aasiya, halkaasoo tiro badan lagu dilay weerar ay Yemen ku qaadday qaar ka mid ah dalalka Aasiya. * Dawac 0006 * Dilka 0003 ==Dilka== * {{Flag|India}} 2 * {{Flag|Pakistan}} 1 ==Dawac== * {{Flag|Egypt}}2 * {{Flag|Pakistan}}2 * {{Flag|India}}2 ==Warka== * https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/uae-us-intercept-houthi-missile-attack-targeting-abu-dhabi/articleshow/89105061.cms * https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2022/01/24/1075261342/u-a-e-intercepted-two-missiles-from-yemens-houthis {{Wayback|url=https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F01%2F24%2F1075261342%2Fu-a-e-intercepted-two-missiles-from-yemens-houthis |date=20220124075339 }} * https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/18/middleeast/uae-abu-dhabi-houthi-yemen-explainer-intl/index.html * https://www.militarytimes.com/flashpoints/2022/01/24/uae-us-intercept-houthi-missile-attack-targeting-abu-dhabi/ * https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220118_05/ {{Wayback|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220118_05/ |date=20220118153557 }} ggqhfjv4so1ntbz3ux9sur05h1gmg86 0 35392 309111 290197 2026-09-23T00:13:45Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox model|name=Adriana Lima|image=Adriana Lima 2019 by Glenn Francis.jpg|caption=Lima ee 2019|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1981|6|12}}|birth_place=[[Salvador, Bahia]], Barasiil|occupation={{hlist|Moodel|atariisho}}|years_active=1997–hada|height=|haircolor=|eyecolor=|spouse=[[Marko Jarić]] (2009–2016)|children=2|agency={{Plainlist| * [[Creative Artists Agency]] (New York, Los Angeles)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/adriana-lima-signs-with-caa-1203234766/|title=Adriana Lima Signs With Creative Artists Agency|work=WWD|date=August 7, 2019|access-date=December 31, 2019}}</ref> * [[Elite Model Management]] (Paris, London, Milan)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.models.com/models/Adriana-Lima|title=Adriana Lima - Model}}</ref> }}|website={{URL|http://www.adrianalima.com/|adrianalima.com}}}}'''Adriana Lima'''<ref name="Full name">{{YouTube|lO4d-Mxvb3Q|W Radio Colombia Interview - Part 1}}</ref> ({{IPA-pt|adɾiˈãnɐ ˈlimɐ}}; 12 Juun 1981) waa moodeel iyo jilaa reer [[Barasiil]] ah, oo sida ugu wanaagsan loo yaqaan sida [[Victoria's Secret|Victoria's Secret Angel]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.victoriassecret.ca/vsallaccess/angels/adriana-lima|title=Adriana Lima - Victoria's Secret|work=[[Victoria's Secret]]|access-date=January 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117070150/https://www.victoriassecret.ca/vsallaccess/angels/adriana-lima|archive-date=January 17, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> 1999 ilaa 2018.<ref name="People">{{cite web|url=https://people.com/style/victorias-secret-fashion-show-adriana-lima/|title=7 Reasons Adriana Lima Is the Guardian Angel of the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show|last=Talarico|first=Brittany|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=December 5, 2016|access-date=October 1, 2018}}</ref> Waxay ahayd moodelka ugu muddada dheer oo loo magacaabay "Malaa'igta Victoria's Secret ugu qiimaha badan" ee 2017. Waxay sidoo kale loo yaqaanaa afhayeenka [[Maybelline]] cosmetics tan iyo 2003, iyo xayeysiiskeeda [[Super Bowl]] iyo [[Kia|Kia Motors]]. Lima waxay u adeegtay danjiraha astaanta astaanta dharka ee [[Desigual]] oo fadhigeedu yahay magaalada [[Barcelona]], ​​​​[[Isbania]], ururinta xeebta wear ee summada Talyaaniga ee [[Calzedonia]], iyo ururinta diyaar-garow ee summada Talyaaniga ee [[Sportmax]].  Hadda waxay safiir u tahay [[International Watch Company|IWC]], [[Puma]], Maybelline, iyo [[Chopard]]. == Nolo == Laga soo bilaabo 2001 ilaa 2003, Lima waxay xidhiidh la lahayd fannaanka Mareykanka [[Lenny Kravitz]].<ref name="ISTOÉ" /> Sannadkii 2009, Lima waxay guursatay ciyaartoyga NBA-da Serbian Marko Jarić [[maalinta Jacaylka]] ee [[Jackson Hole, Wyoming]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2009/02/adriana_lima_got_married.html|title=Adriana Lima Got Married|last=Odell|first=Amy|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|date=February 24, 2009|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=Bisha Labaad 1, 2022|archive-date=Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111220021453/http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2009/02/adriana_lima_got_married.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="people1">{{cite web|last=Wihlborg|first=Ulrica|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20261007,00.html|title=Supermodel Adriana Lima Elopes!|work=People|date=February 23, 2009|access-date=Bisha Labaad 1, 2022|archive-date=Bisha Labaad 24, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224020911/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20261007,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bishii Maajo 2009, waxaa la sheegay in Lima ay codsatay dhalashada Serbian,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/15/Zanimljivosti/64169/Ne+srpska+snajka%2C+ve%C4%87+snajka+Srpkinja.html|title=Adrijana Lima želi državljanstvo Srbije|work=Radio-televizjia Srbije|language=sr|date=May 27, 2009}}</ref> laakiin weligeed lama siin.<ref name="Alo-not-citizen">{{cite web|url=http://www.alo.rs/v-i-p/svetski-dzet-set/adrijana-lima-nikada-nije-uzela-srpski-pasos/54368|title=Adrijana Lima nikada nije uzela srpski pasoš!|trans-title=Adriana Lima Never Took Serbian Passport!|publisher=[[Alo (newspaper)|Alo]]|date=May 8, 2014|access-date=April 1, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701163330/http://www.alo.rs/v-i-p/svetski-dzet-set/adrijana-lima-nikada-nije-uzela-srpski-pasos/54368|archive-date=July 1, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jarić iyo Lima waxay leeyihiin laba gabdhood.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/adriana-lima-gives-birth-to-daughter-sienna-2012129/|title=Adriana Lima Gives Birth to Daughter Sienna!|work=UsMagazine.com|date=September 12, 2012}}</ref> Maajo 2, 2014, Lima iyo Jarić waxay ku dhawaaqeen inay kala tageen ka dib shan sano oo guur ah.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/adriana-lima-husband-marko-jaric-split-supermodel-announces-divorce-201425/|title=Adriana Lima Splits From Husband Marko Jaric After 5 Years of Marriage: Supermodel Announces Separation From Former NBA Player|last=Lee|first=Esther|work=[[Us Weekly]]|date=May 2, 2014|access-date=August 13, 2018}}</ref> Furriinka ayaa la soo gabagabeeyay bishii Maarso 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pagesix.com/2016/03/15/adriana-lima-and-marko-jaric-finalize-divorce/|title=Adriana Lima is divorced|last=Johnson|first=Richard|work=Page Six|date=March 15, 2015|access-date=September 26, 2019}}</ref> Lima waxay degan tahay Miami waxayna hore guri ugu lahayd [[New York|magaalada New York]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Finn|first=Natalie|title=Down to Earth: Inside Adriana Lima's World After She Retired Her Angel Wings|url=https://www.eonline.com/ca/news/1090816/down-to-earth-inside-adriana-lima-s-world-after-she-retired-her-angel-wings|date=November 8, 2019|access-date=December 28, 2020|website=E!}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Supermodel Adriana Lima Finally Sells Midtown NYC Condo ... for Almost Half the Asking Price|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/adriana-lima-selling-nyc-apartment|date=November 7, 2018|access-date=December 28, 2020|website=Architectural Digest}}</ref> === Aragtida diinta === Bishii Abriil 2006, Lima waxay u sheegtay ''GQ'' inay tahay Kaatooligga Roomaanka. Waxay kaloo sheegtay inay bikro ahayd. "Galmada waa guurka ka dib," ayay tiri. "[Ragga] waa inay ixtiraamaan in tani ay tahay doorashadayda, haddii aysan jirin ixtiraam, taasi waxay la macno tahay inaysan i rabin." Waxay sidoo kale dhaleeceysay ilmo iska soo rididda dembi, waxayna sheegtay inay ogolaatay dhammaan waxbarista kaniisadda.<ref name="gq">{{cite magazine|first=Lisa|last=DePaulo|url=https://www.gq.com/women/photos/200603/adriana-lima-virgin-underwear-model|title=Adriana Lima: Our favorite ... virgin?|magazine=[[GQ]]|location=New York City|date=April 2006|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2022-02-01|archive-date=2015-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310053416/http://www.gq.com/women/photos/200603/adriana-lima-virgin-underwear-model|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="plan">{{cite web|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0506/17/sbt.01.html|title=Tom Cruise Proposes to Katie Holmes; Angelina Jolie's Personal Life Full of Drama; Picks and Pans of New Movies|work=[[Showbiz Tonight]]|date=June 17, 2005}}</ref> Lima waxa la og yahay in ay keento koobiga [[Baybalka]] oo ay dhabarkeeda ku jirto ka hor inta aanay goobta soo bixin. Waxa kale oo ay sheegtay in ka hor inta aanay noqon tusaale, ay rabtay in ay noqoto [[nun]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/victorias-secret-angel-adriana-lima-the-church-is-in-me|title=Adriana Lima wanted to be a nun|work=[[Fox News]]|date=February 27, 2017|access-date=August 1, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lima|first=Adriana|date=February 2, 2012|title=Today for Brazilians,specially for the people from my hometown is a special day..... Is the day of Yemanja, the Goddess of the Ocean|url=https://twitter.com/AdrianaLima/status/165107426704625666|website=Twitter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lima|first=Adriana|date=February 2, 2012|title=ODOIA MAE YEMANJA.....SALVE A RAINHA DAS AGUAS!!!|url=https://twitter.com/AdrianaLima/status/165107426704625666|website=Twitter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lima|first=Adriana|date=February 15, 2016|title=A tribute to YEMANJÁ|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BB1Fiu8M6kU/|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/adrianalima/1185878453978900756|archive-date=2021-12-23|url-access=subscription|website=Instagram}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lima|first=Adriana|date=February 2, 2017|title=HOJE É O DIA DELA, DA MINHA MÃE YEMANJA ODOIA MINHA SEREIA|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BQBD_fAgZyA/|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/instagram/adrianalima/1441450912496327808|archive-date=2021-12-23|url-access=subscription|website=Instagram}}{{cbignore}}</ref> == Shaqo == Adriana Lima waxay la shaqeysay shirkadaha moodada sida [[Fendi]], [[Armani]], [[Balmain]], [[Bottega Veneta]], [[Valentino]], [[Miu Miu]], [[Givenchy]], [[Versace]], [[Dior]], [[Victoria's Secret]], [[Prada]], [[Louis Vuitton]] , [[Ralph Lauren Corporation|Ralph Lauren]], [[Bulgari]] iyo [[Maybelline]]. Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay majaladaha moodada sida ''[[Vogue]]'', ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'', ''[[Elle|ELLE]]'', ''[[Grazia]]'', ''[[Cosmopolitan]]'', ''[[Interview]]'', ''[[GQ]]'', ''[[W (majala)|W]]'', ''Arena'', ''[[V (majala)|V]]'' iyo ''[[Esquire]].'' == Tixraacyo == bsc0ac9ehmb19tr31rich5hlcn9l749 0 35419 309217 279522 2026-09-23T05:58:31Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Khloé Kardashian|image=Khloe Kardashian Glamour.png|caption=Kardashian Juun 2016|other names={{hlist|KOKO| Khloé Kardashian Odom||}}|birth_name=Khloe Alexandra Kardashian|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1984|06|27}}|birth_place=[[Los Angeles]], [[California]]|education=[[Dugsiga Sare Marymount]]|occupation=|years_active=2007–hada|spouse=[[Lamar Odom]] (2009–2016)|partner=[[Tristan Thompson]]<br />(2016–2021)|children=2|parents={{Plainlist| * [[Robert Kardashian]] * [[Kris Jenner]] }}|relatives=[[Qoyska Kardashian]]|website={{URL|khloewithak.com}}}}'''Khloé Alexandra Kardashian''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|l|oʊ|i}}; Juun 27, 1984) waa shakhsiyad warbaahin Maraykan ah, bulsho, iyo moodel. Tan iyo 2007, waxay la jishay qoyskeeda taxanaha telefishanka dhabta ah ''[[Keeping Up with the Kardashians]]''. Kardashian waxay ku lug leedahay tafaariiqda iyo warshadaha moodada iyada oo ay weheliso walaasheed [[Kourtney Kardashian|Kourtney]] iyo [[Kim Kardashian|Kim]]. Waxay bilaabeen dhowr ururin dhar iyo udgoon, oo ay sii daayeen buugga ''[[Kardashian Konfidential]]'' ee 2010. Waxay jileen musalsalka telefishinka gaaban ee iyaga u gaarka ah, ''[[Dash Dolls]]'' (2015). Ee 2016, Kardashian waxay martigelisay barnaamijkeeda hadalka, ''Kocktails with Khloé''. Waxay xiddigisay oo ay soo saartay taxanayaal dokumentiyo caafimaad iyo jir dhiska ah ''[[Revenge Body with Khloé Kardashian]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|date=November 11, 2016|title=How celebrities like Kim Kardashian are selling you ads and products|work=CBC News|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/marketplace-celebrity-endorsements-1.3841922|url-status=live|access-date=November 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010192114/http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/marketplace-celebrity-endorsements-1.3841922|archive-date=October 10, 2017}}</ref> == Nolosha gaarka ah == [[File:Khloe_Kardashian_2009.jpg|thumb|Kardashian ee 2009]] Kardashian waxay ku jirtay xiriirka ciyaaryahan kubbadda koleyga [[Rashad McCants]] ee 2008. Labadu waxay kala tageen todoba bilood ka dib dabayaaqadii Janaayo 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rashad McCants: I wouldn't have washed out of the NBA if I didn't date Khloe Kardashian|url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/nba/rashad-mccants-i-wouldnt-have-washed-out-of-the-nba-if-i-didnt-date-khloe-kardashian|website=Fox Sports}}</ref> Bishii Sebteembar 27, 2009, Kardashian waxay guursatay ciyaaryahan kubbadda koleyga [[Lamar Odom]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Khloe Kardashian Is Married!|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20308442,00.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/675TMSpjd?url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20308442,00.html|archive-date=April 21, 2012|access-date=September 28, 2009|publisher=People.com}}</ref><ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html Khloe Kardashian's Honeymoon Plans Still Up in the Air] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html |date=20091010233907 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091010233907/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html|date=October 10, 2009}} people.com, October 8, 2009</ref><ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html Khloe and Lamar: Why the Rush to the Altar?"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html |date=20130313182221 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313182221/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html|date=March 13, 2013}}. ''People''. September 24, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2013.</ref> Kardashian waxay meesha ka saartay magaceeda dhexe waxayna qaadatay magaca ninkeeda, waxayna noqotay Khloé Kardashian Odom.<ref name="about1" /><ref name="ivillage.com" /> Diseembar 13, 2013, ka dib bilo kala goyn la isla dhexmarayey, Kardashian waxay dalbatay furiin Odom iyo dib u soo celinta sharciyeed ee magaceeda dambe.<ref>{{cite news|date=December 13, 2013|title=Khloe Kardashian filing for divorce from Lamar Odom, reports say|publisher=[[Fox News]]|url=http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/12/13/khloe-kardashian-filing-for-divorce-from-lamar-odom-reports-say/|url-status=live|access-date=December 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214072604/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/12/13/khloe-kardashian-filing-for-divorce-from-lamar-odom-reports-say/|archive-date=December 14, 2013}}</ref> Labada dhinacba waxay saxeexeen warqadaha furiinka bishii Luulyo 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Harrison|first=Lily|date=October 13, 2015|title=Khloé Kardashian ''Has Been Worried'' About Lamar Odom, Family Source Says Hospitalization ''Isn't Shocking''|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/706259/khloe-kardashian-has-been-worried-about-lamar-odom-family-source-says-hospitalization-isn-t-shocking|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015052001/http://www.eonline.com/news/706259/khloe-kardashian-has-been-worried-about-lamar-odom-family-source-says-hospitalization-isn-t-shocking|archive-date=October 15, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=E! Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=October 13, 2015|title=TMZ: Lamar Odom Found Unconscious After Partying At Brothel In Nevada|url=http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/10/13/tmz-lamar-odom-being-treated-after-being-found-unconscious-in-nevada/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151014162327/http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/10/13/tmz-lamar-odom-being-treated-after-being-found-unconscious-in-nevada/|archive-date=October 14, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=losangeles.cbslocal.com|publisher=CBS Los Angeles}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=July 21, 2015|title=Khloe Kardashian, Lamar Odom Finally Sign Divorce Papers Two Years After Split|url=http://m.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-sign-divorce-papers-two-years-after-split-2015217|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017002718/http://m.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-sign-divorce-papers-two-years-after-split-2015217|archive-date=October 17, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=Us Magazine}}</ref> Furriinka ayaa weli ogolaansho kama dambeys ah ka helin garsooraha<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Kyung Lah|last2=Eliott C. McLaughlin|last3=Steve Almasy|title=Lamar Odom used cocaine, brothel workers say|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/14/us/lamar-odom-condition/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170529123040/http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/14/us/lamar-odom-condition/index.html|archive-date=May 29, 2017|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=CNN.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lamar Odom's spiral leaves ex-NBA star fighting for his life|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/basketball/ct-lamar-odom-hospitalized-20151014-story.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420233617/http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/basketball/ct-lamar-odom-hospitalized-20151014-story.html|archive-date=April 20, 2017|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> Bishii Oktoobar 2015, markii Odom la dhigay isbitaal ka dib markii laga helay isagoo miyir daboolan oo ku yaal Nevada. Afar maalmood ayuu koomo ku jiray; markii uu jiifay cisbitaal, Kardashian way la laabatay codsigeedii furriinka ee la sugayay.<ref name="on_hold">{{cite news|last=Grinberg|first=Emanuella|date=October 21, 2015|title=Khloe Kardashian and Lamar Odom put divorce on hold|work=[[CNN]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/21/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-feat/|url-status=live|access-date=October 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025203417/http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/21/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-feat/|archive-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref><ref name="granted">{{cite news|last=Winton|first=Richard|date=October 21, 2015|title=Lamar Odom and Khloe Kardashian call off divorce after near-tragedy at brothel|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lamar-odom-khloe-kardashian-divorce-20151021-story.html#navtype=blogroll|url-status=live|access-date=October 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021221823/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lamar-odom-khloe-kardashian-divorce-20151021-story.html#navtype=blogroll|archive-date=October 21, 2015}}</ref> Furiinka Kardashian iyo Odom ayaa la soo gabagabeeyay bishii Diseembar 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Andreas|first=Preuss|title=Khloe Kardashian, Lamar Odom divorce finalized|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/10/entertainment/kardashian-odom-divorce-finalized-trnd/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215035332/http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/10/entertainment/kardashian-odom-divorce-finalized-trnd/index.html|archive-date=December 15, 2016|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=CNN.com}}</ref> Kardashian waxay bilawday shukaansiga kubbadda kolayga [[Tristan Thompson]] sanadkii 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-04|title=Back On! Khloe Kardashian, Tristan Thompson's Relationship Timeline|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/pictures/khloe-kardashian-and-tristan-thompsons-relationship-timeline-w505561/|access-date=2021-05-07|website=Us Weekly|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Marcus|first=Stephanie|date=March 17, 2017|title=Can The Kardashians Survive In The Trump Era?|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/can-the-kardashians-survive-in-the-trump-era_us_58c96d91e4b0934e249cc190|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=Huffington Post}}</ref> Kardashian waxay dhashay gabadh, True Thompson, Abriil 12, 2018, iyada oo uu jiro muran ka dib markii Thompson lagu helay inuu khiyaameeyay Kardashian intii ay uurka lahayd.<ref>{{cite news|date=April 16, 2018|title=Khloé Kardashian Shares Daughter's Name Days After Birth Amid Cheating Scandal|work=People|url=https://www.people.com/babies/khloe-kardashian-reveals-daughter-name-true/amp/|url-status=live|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416224115/http://people.com/babies/khloe-kardashian-reveals-daughter-name-true/amp/|archive-date=April 16, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=April 16, 2018|title=Khloe Lardashian Names Daughter True Thompson|work=US Magazine|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/khloe-kardashian-names-daughter-true-thompson/amp/|url-status=live|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417023838/https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/khloe-kardashian-names-daughter-true-thompson/amp/|archive-date=April 17, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=April 12, 2018|title=Khloé Kardashian welcomes baby girl|work=CNN.com|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/12/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-baby/index.html|url-status=live|access-date=April 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412205423/https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/12/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-baby/index.html|archive-date=April 12, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=April 12, 2018|title=Khloe Kardashian's Family Reacts to Birth as Her and Tristan Thompson's Baby Girl|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/926981/khloe-kardashian-s-family-reacts-to-birth-of-her-and-tristan-thompson-s-baby-girl|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413004042/http://www.eonline.com/news/926981/khloe-kardashian-s-family-reacts-to-birth-of-her-and-tristan-thompson-s-baby-girl|archive-date=April 13, 2018|access-date=April 12, 2018|website=eonline.com|publisher=E!}}</ref> Bishii Febraayo 2019, Kardashian iyo Thompson way kala tageen ka dib markii la ogaaday in Thompson uu khiyaameeyay Kardashian [[Jordyn Woods]], saaxiibta ugu fiican walaasheed ka yar [[Kylie Jenner]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 20, 2019|title=How Khloe Kardashian Found Out the Truth About Tristan Thompson: Inside The Days Leading to Their Breakup|url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1016623/how-khloe-kardashian-found-out-the-truth-about-tristan-thompson-inside-the-days-leading-to-their-breakup/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221124529/https://www.eonline.com/news/1016623/how-khloe-kardashian-found-out-the-truth-about-tristan-thompson-inside-the-days-leading-to-their-breakup|archive-date=February 21, 2019|access-date=February 21, 2019|website=eonline.com|publisher=E!}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=February 20, 2019|title=Jordyn Woods Moving Out of Kylie Jenner's House: Source|work=People|url=https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-moving-out-kylie-jenner-house-tristan-thompson-cheating-allegations/|url-status=live|access-date=February 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221134049/https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-moving-out-kylie-jenner-house-tristan-thompson-cheating-allegations/|archive-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> Bishii Ogosto 2020, waxay dib u bilaabeen xiriirkooda ka dib markii ay wada karantiileen intii lagu jiray masiibada COVID-19.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/tv/khloe-kardashian-tristan-thompson-timeline/|title=A Definitive Timeline of Khloé Kardashian & Tristan Thompson's Romance|magazine=People|publisher=Meredith Corproation|date=March 15, 2021|last1=Pearl|first1=Diana|last2=Cho|first2=Diane}}</ref> Bishii Juun 2021, waxaa la sheegay inay mar kale kala tageen.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Bacardi|first1=Francesca|last2=Bitsky|first2=Leah|date=2021-06-21|title=Khloé Kardashian and Tristan Thompson break up again|url=https://pagesix.com/2021/06/21/khloe-kardashian-and-tristan-thompson-break-up-again/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Page Six|language=en-US}}</ref> == Tixraac == qx47juokwo0a5ni45dk1zj1mk6sioez 309218 309217 2026-09-23T05:58:35Z KiranBOT 41360 removed AMP tracking from URLs ([[:m:User:KiranBOT/AMP|details]]) ([[User talk:Usernamekiran|report error]]) v3.1.1-current 309218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Khloé Kardashian|image=Khloe Kardashian Glamour.png|caption=Kardashian Juun 2016|other names={{hlist|KOKO| Khloé Kardashian Odom||}}|birth_name=Khloe Alexandra Kardashian|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1984|06|27}}|birth_place=[[Los Angeles]], [[California]]|education=[[Dugsiga Sare Marymount]]|occupation=|years_active=2007–hada|spouse=[[Lamar Odom]] (2009–2016)|partner=[[Tristan Thompson]]<br />(2016–2021)|children=2|parents={{Plainlist| * [[Robert Kardashian]] * [[Kris Jenner]] }}|relatives=[[Qoyska Kardashian]]|website={{URL|khloewithak.com}}}}'''Khloé Alexandra Kardashian''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|l|oʊ|i}}; Juun 27, 1984) waa shakhsiyad warbaahin Maraykan ah, bulsho, iyo moodel. Tan iyo 2007, waxay la jishay qoyskeeda taxanaha telefishanka dhabta ah ''[[Keeping Up with the Kardashians]]''. Kardashian waxay ku lug leedahay tafaariiqda iyo warshadaha moodada iyada oo ay weheliso walaasheed [[Kourtney Kardashian|Kourtney]] iyo [[Kim Kardashian|Kim]]. Waxay bilaabeen dhowr ururin dhar iyo udgoon, oo ay sii daayeen buugga ''[[Kardashian Konfidential]]'' ee 2010. Waxay jileen musalsalka telefishinka gaaban ee iyaga u gaarka ah, ''[[Dash Dolls]]'' (2015). Ee 2016, Kardashian waxay martigelisay barnaamijkeeda hadalka, ''Kocktails with Khloé''. Waxay xiddigisay oo ay soo saartay taxanayaal dokumentiyo caafimaad iyo jir dhiska ah ''[[Revenge Body with Khloé Kardashian]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|date=November 11, 2016|title=How celebrities like Kim Kardashian are selling you ads and products|work=CBC News|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/marketplace-celebrity-endorsements-1.3841922|url-status=live|access-date=November 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010192114/http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/marketplace-celebrity-endorsements-1.3841922|archive-date=October 10, 2017}}</ref> == Nolosha gaarka ah == [[File:Khloe_Kardashian_2009.jpg|thumb|Kardashian ee 2009]] Kardashian waxay ku jirtay xiriirka ciyaaryahan kubbadda koleyga [[Rashad McCants]] ee 2008. Labadu waxay kala tageen todoba bilood ka dib dabayaaqadii Janaayo 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rashad McCants: I wouldn't have washed out of the NBA if I didn't date Khloe Kardashian|url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/nba/rashad-mccants-i-wouldnt-have-washed-out-of-the-nba-if-i-didnt-date-khloe-kardashian|website=Fox Sports}}</ref> Bishii Sebteembar 27, 2009, Kardashian waxay guursatay ciyaaryahan kubbadda koleyga [[Lamar Odom]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Khloe Kardashian Is Married!|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20308442,00.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/675TMSpjd?url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20308442,00.html|archive-date=April 21, 2012|access-date=September 28, 2009|publisher=People.com}}</ref><ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html Khloe Kardashian's Honeymoon Plans Still Up in the Air] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html |date=20091010233907 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091010233907/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20310994,00.html|date=October 10, 2009}} people.com, October 8, 2009</ref><ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html Khloe and Lamar: Why the Rush to the Altar?"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html |date=20130313182221 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313182221/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20307896,00.html|date=March 13, 2013}}. ''People''. September 24, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2013.</ref> Kardashian waxay meesha ka saartay magaceeda dhexe waxayna qaadatay magaca ninkeeda, waxayna noqotay Khloé Kardashian Odom.<ref name="about1" /><ref name="ivillage.com" /> Diseembar 13, 2013, ka dib bilo kala goyn la isla dhexmarayey, Kardashian waxay dalbatay furiin Odom iyo dib u soo celinta sharciyeed ee magaceeda dambe.<ref>{{cite news|date=December 13, 2013|title=Khloe Kardashian filing for divorce from Lamar Odom, reports say|publisher=[[Fox News]]|url=http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/12/13/khloe-kardashian-filing-for-divorce-from-lamar-odom-reports-say/|url-status=live|access-date=December 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214072604/http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/12/13/khloe-kardashian-filing-for-divorce-from-lamar-odom-reports-say/|archive-date=December 14, 2013}}</ref> Labada dhinacba waxay saxeexeen warqadaha furiinka bishii Luulyo 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Harrison|first=Lily|date=October 13, 2015|title=Khloé Kardashian ''Has Been Worried'' About Lamar Odom, Family Source Says Hospitalization ''Isn't Shocking''|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/706259/khloe-kardashian-has-been-worried-about-lamar-odom-family-source-says-hospitalization-isn-t-shocking|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015052001/http://www.eonline.com/news/706259/khloe-kardashian-has-been-worried-about-lamar-odom-family-source-says-hospitalization-isn-t-shocking|archive-date=October 15, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=E! Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=October 13, 2015|title=TMZ: Lamar Odom Found Unconscious After Partying At Brothel In Nevada|url=http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/10/13/tmz-lamar-odom-being-treated-after-being-found-unconscious-in-nevada/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151014162327/http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/10/13/tmz-lamar-odom-being-treated-after-being-found-unconscious-in-nevada/|archive-date=October 14, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=losangeles.cbslocal.com|publisher=CBS Los Angeles}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=July 21, 2015|title=Khloe Kardashian, Lamar Odom Finally Sign Divorce Papers Two Years After Split|url=http://m.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-sign-divorce-papers-two-years-after-split-2015217|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017002718/http://m.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-sign-divorce-papers-two-years-after-split-2015217|archive-date=October 17, 2015|access-date=October 14, 2015|website=Us Magazine}}</ref> Furriinka ayaa weli ogolaansho kama dambeys ah ka helin garsooraha<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Kyung Lah|last2=Eliott C. McLaughlin|last3=Steve Almasy|title=Lamar Odom used cocaine, brothel workers say|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/14/us/lamar-odom-condition/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170529123040/http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/14/us/lamar-odom-condition/index.html|archive-date=May 29, 2017|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=CNN.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lamar Odom's spiral leaves ex-NBA star fighting for his life|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/basketball/ct-lamar-odom-hospitalized-20151014-story.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420233617/http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/basketball/ct-lamar-odom-hospitalized-20151014-story.html|archive-date=April 20, 2017|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> Bishii Oktoobar 2015, markii Odom la dhigay isbitaal ka dib markii laga helay isagoo miyir daboolan oo ku yaal Nevada. Afar maalmood ayuu koomo ku jiray; markii uu jiifay cisbitaal, Kardashian way la laabatay codsigeedii furriinka ee la sugayay.<ref name="on_hold">{{cite news|last=Grinberg|first=Emanuella|date=October 21, 2015|title=Khloe Kardashian and Lamar Odom put divorce on hold|work=[[CNN]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/21/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-feat/|url-status=live|access-date=October 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025203417/http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/21/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-lamar-odom-feat/|archive-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref><ref name="granted">{{cite news|last=Winton|first=Richard|date=October 21, 2015|title=Lamar Odom and Khloe Kardashian call off divorce after near-tragedy at brothel|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lamar-odom-khloe-kardashian-divorce-20151021-story.html#navtype=blogroll|url-status=live|access-date=October 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021221823/http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lamar-odom-khloe-kardashian-divorce-20151021-story.html#navtype=blogroll|archive-date=October 21, 2015}}</ref> Furiinka Kardashian iyo Odom ayaa la soo gabagabeeyay bishii Diseembar 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Andreas|first=Preuss|title=Khloe Kardashian, Lamar Odom divorce finalized|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/10/entertainment/kardashian-odom-divorce-finalized-trnd/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215035332/http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/10/entertainment/kardashian-odom-divorce-finalized-trnd/index.html|archive-date=December 15, 2016|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=CNN.com}}</ref> Kardashian waxay bilawday shukaansiga kubbadda kolayga [[Tristan Thompson]] sanadkii 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-04|title=Back On! Khloe Kardashian, Tristan Thompson's Relationship Timeline|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/pictures/khloe-kardashian-and-tristan-thompsons-relationship-timeline-w505561/|access-date=2021-05-07|website=Us Weekly|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Marcus|first=Stephanie|date=March 17, 2017|title=Can The Kardashians Survive In The Trump Era?|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/can-the-kardashians-survive-in-the-trump-era_us_58c96d91e4b0934e249cc190|access-date=May 9, 2017|website=Huffington Post}}</ref> Kardashian waxay dhashay gabadh, True Thompson, Abriil 12, 2018, iyada oo uu jiro muran ka dib markii Thompson lagu helay inuu khiyaameeyay Kardashian intii ay uurka lahayd.<ref>{{cite news|date=April 16, 2018|title=Khloé Kardashian Shares Daughter's Name Days After Birth Amid Cheating Scandal|work=People|url=https://www.people.com/babies/khloe-kardashian-reveals-daughter-name-true/amp/|url-status=live|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416224115/http://people.com/babies/khloe-kardashian-reveals-daughter-name-true/amp/|archive-date=April 16, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=April 16, 2018|title=Khloe Lardashian Names Daughter True Thompson|work=US Magazine|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/khloe-kardashian-names-daughter-true-thompson/|url-status=live|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417023838/https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/khloe-kardashian-names-daughter-true-thompson/amp/|archive-date=April 17, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=April 12, 2018|title=Khloé Kardashian welcomes baby girl|work=CNN.com|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/12/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-baby/index.html|url-status=live|access-date=April 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412205423/https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/12/entertainment/khloe-kardashian-baby/index.html|archive-date=April 12, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=April 12, 2018|title=Khloe Kardashian's Family Reacts to Birth as Her and Tristan Thompson's Baby Girl|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/926981/khloe-kardashian-s-family-reacts-to-birth-of-her-and-tristan-thompson-s-baby-girl|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413004042/http://www.eonline.com/news/926981/khloe-kardashian-s-family-reacts-to-birth-of-her-and-tristan-thompson-s-baby-girl|archive-date=April 13, 2018|access-date=April 12, 2018|website=eonline.com|publisher=E!}}</ref> Bishii Febraayo 2019, Kardashian iyo Thompson way kala tageen ka dib markii la ogaaday in Thompson uu khiyaameeyay Kardashian [[Jordyn Woods]], saaxiibta ugu fiican walaasheed ka yar [[Kylie Jenner]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 20, 2019|title=How Khloe Kardashian Found Out the Truth About Tristan Thompson: Inside The Days Leading to Their Breakup|url=https://www.eonline.com/news/1016623/how-khloe-kardashian-found-out-the-truth-about-tristan-thompson-inside-the-days-leading-to-their-breakup/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221124529/https://www.eonline.com/news/1016623/how-khloe-kardashian-found-out-the-truth-about-tristan-thompson-inside-the-days-leading-to-their-breakup|archive-date=February 21, 2019|access-date=February 21, 2019|website=eonline.com|publisher=E!}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=February 20, 2019|title=Jordyn Woods Moving Out of Kylie Jenner's House: Source|work=People|url=https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-moving-out-kylie-jenner-house-tristan-thompson-cheating-allegations/|url-status=live|access-date=February 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221134049/https://people.com/tv/jordyn-woods-moving-out-kylie-jenner-house-tristan-thompson-cheating-allegations/|archive-date=February 21, 2019}}</ref> Bishii Ogosto 2020, waxay dib u bilaabeen xiriirkooda ka dib markii ay wada karantiileen intii lagu jiray masiibada COVID-19.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/tv/khloe-kardashian-tristan-thompson-timeline/|title=A Definitive Timeline of Khloé Kardashian & Tristan Thompson's Romance|magazine=People|publisher=Meredith Corproation|date=March 15, 2021|last1=Pearl|first1=Diana|last2=Cho|first2=Diane}}</ref> Bishii Juun 2021, waxaa la sheegay inay mar kale kala tageen.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Bacardi|first1=Francesca|last2=Bitsky|first2=Leah|date=2021-06-21|title=Khloé Kardashian and Tristan Thompson break up again|url=https://pagesix.com/2021/06/21/khloe-kardashian-and-tristan-thompson-break-up-again/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=Page Six|language=en-US}}</ref> == Tixraac == 59t298f0mjq24djx4qezln97cf1rw7j 0 35497 309237 273011 2026-09-23T09:44:43Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Tyra Banks|years_active=1991–hada|module=|height=|children=1|partner=Erik Asla (2013–2017)|television={{plainlist| * ''[[America's Next Top Model]]'' * ''[[The Tyra Banks Show]]'' * ''[[America's Got Talent]]'' * ''[[FABLife]]'' * ''Dancing with the Stars'' }}|net_worth=$90 milyan (2011)<ref>{{cite web|last=Mosthof|first=Mariella|title=Tyra Banks Named One of the Richest Supermodels in the World|url=http://www.wetpaint.com/americas-next-top-model/articles/tyra-banks-named-one-of-the-richest-supermodels-in-the-world|publisher=[[Wetpaint]]|date=February 6, 2012|access-date=February 8, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209103043/http://www.wetpaint.com/americas-next-top-model/articles/tyra-banks-named-one-of-the-richest-supermodels-in-the-world|archive-date=February 9, 2012}}</ref>|occupation=|image=|alma_mater=|birth_place=[[Inglewood, California]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1973|12|4}}|birth_name=Tyra Lynne Banks|other_names=BanX|caption=Banks ee 2020|alt=|website={{URL|tyra.com}}}}'''Tyra Lynne Banks''' (dhashay Diseembar 4, 1973)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://people.com/style/tyra-banks-changes-modeling-name-to-banx/|title=Why Tyra Banks Will Now Go by 'BanX': The Model Explains Her Name Makeover as She Comes Out of Retirement for SI Swim|website=PEOPLE.com|language=en|access-date=2019-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/09/entertainment/tyra-banks-banx/index.html|title=Tyra Banks is now 'BanX'|author=Lisa Respers France|website=CNN|date=May 9, 2019|access-date=2019-05-14}}</ref> waa shaqsi telefishan Mareykan ah, moodel, naag ganacsato ah, soo saare, atariisho, iyo qoraa. Waxay shaqadeeda ku bilawday moodel ahaan markay jirtay da'da 15, waxayna ahayd haweenaydii ugu horaysay ee Afrikaan-Maraykan ah oo lagu soo bandhigo daboollada ''[[GQ]]'' iyo ''[[Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue]]'', oo ay kasoo muuqatay saddex jeer. Waxay ahayd malaa'ig [[Victoria's Secret]] laga soo bilaabo 1997 ilaa 2005. Horraantii 2000-meeyadii, Banks waxay ahaayeen mid ka mid ah moodooyinka ugu dakhliga sarreeya adduunka. == Taariikh nololeedka iyo shaqada == Tyra Lynne Banks<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/tyra-banks/bio/177758 |access-date=2022-02-11 |archive-date=2019-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112184023/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/tyra-banks/bio/177758/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> waxay ku dhalatay Inglewood, California, Diseembar 4, 1973.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090620065801/http://www.biography.com/articles/Tyra-Banks-16242328</ref> Hooyadeed, Carolyn London (hadda London-Johnson), waa sawir qaade caafimaad,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090620065801/http://www.biography.com/articles/Tyra-Banks-16242328</ref> iyo aabaheed, Donald Banks, waa lataliye kombuyuutar.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20080902013801/http://movies.msn.com/celebrities/celebrity-biography/tyra-banks/</ref><ref>http://www.filmreference.com/film/26/Tyra-Banks.html</ref> Waxay leedahay walaal, Devin, kaas oo shan sano ka weyn.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20131109011758/http://movies.yahoo.com/person/tyra-banks/biography.html</ref> Sannadkii 1979-kii, markii Banks lix jir ahaa, waalidkeed way kala tageen. Banks waxay dhigtay Dugsiga Dhexe John Burroughs, waxayna ka qalin jabisey 1991 dugsiga sare ee Los Angeles. Banks ayaa sheegtay in iyada oo koraysa, la caayay oo loo tixgeliyey "xun".<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141109053306/http://www.supermodels.nl/tyrabanks/about</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=aI-tCMdjklwC&q=tyra+banks+interview+on+being+an+ugly+duckling&pg=PT81</ref> === Shaqo === Sannadkii 2000, waxay door ku lahayd ''Life-Size'' iyo ''Coyote Ugly''. Banks waxay doorar yar ku lahaayeen filimka ''Love & Basketball'' (2000), ''Halloween: Resurrection'' (2002), iyo taxanaha telefishanka ''[[Gossip Girl]]'' (2009) iyo ''[[Glee]]'' (2013).<ref>https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/hilary-duff-tyra-banks-episode-gossip-girl-article-1.382055</ref><ref>https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/22/glee-tyra-banks-fierce-bichette-modeling-agent-video_n_4321567.html</ref> Sannadkii 2003, Banks waxay abuurtay taxanaha telefishanka ee ''[[America's Next Top Model]]''. Waxay u sii ahaatay soo saaraha fulinta soo noolaynta taxanaha ee 2016 oo dooro [[Rita Ora]] inay noqoto martigeliyaha barnaamijka ka hor. Waxay sidoo kale ka soo muuqatay barnaamijyada ''[[True Beauty]]'' (2009–2010), [[The Tyra Banks Show|''The Tyra Banks Show'']] (2005–2010), ''[[FABLife]]'', [[America's Got Talent|''America's Got Talent'']] iyo ''Dancing with the Stars''. == Sawirka dadweynaha == Banks waxay ka mid tahay afar Afrikaan Ameerikaan ah iyo toddobo haween ah oo si isdaba joog ah loogu aqoonsaday dadka ugu saamaynta badan adduunka ee majaladda ''[[Time]]''. Iyadu sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah toddobo iyo toban nooc oo kaliya ee lagu qiimeeyay "[[Supermoodel|Super-moodel]]" ee MODELS.com. == Tixraac == l0chg2mp8s5y9q0wo7qcfge22haniln 0 35531 309115 272996 2026-09-23T01:24:01Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Bella Thorne|image=|caption=Thorne ee 2021|birth_name=Annabella Avery Thorne|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1997|10|8}}|birth_place=[[Pembroke Pines, Florida]]|occupation={{flatlist| * Atariisho * moodel * heessa }}|years_active=2003–hada|works=|module={{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | instrument = Cod | genre =[[teen pop]] | label = {{flatlist| * [[Walt Disney Records|Walt Disney]] * [[Hollywood Records|Hollywood]] * [[Epic Records|Epic]] * Filthy Fangs }} | associated_acts = | website = {{URL|bellathorneofficial.com}} }}}} '''Annabella Avery Thorne''' (dhashay Oktoobar 8, 1997) waa atariisho Mareykan ah, moodel ah, iyo heesaa.<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/bella-thorne-mn0002731953|title=Bella Thorne|last=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|publisher=AllMusic.com|year=2016|access-date=August 3, 2016}}</ref> Iyadu waa qaataha abaalmarino dhowr ah, oo ay ku jiraan [[Abaalmarinta Imagen]], [[Abaalmarinta Shorty]], [[Abaalmarinta Teen Choice]] iyo saddex [[Abaalmarinta Farshaxan Da'da Yar]]. == Taariikh nololeedka == Bella Thorne waxay dhalatay Oktoobar 8, 1997.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130825113410/http://allmusic.com/artist/bella-thorne-p2435050/biography</ref> Waxay leedahay saddex walaalo ah oo sidoo kale ah jilayaal.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141016014106/http://www.disneychannelmedianet.com/web/showpage/showpage.aspx?program_id=3129298&type=thorne</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/bella-thorne/bio/295369/ |access-date=2022-02-14 |archive-date=2009-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924110655/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/bella-thorne/bio/295369 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Aabaheed wuxuu ka soo jeeday [[Kuuba|Kuuban]], sidoo kale waxay leedahay [[Talyaaniga|Talyaani]], oo ay weheliso [[Ingiriiska|Ingiriis]], [[Jarmalka|Jarmal]], Irish, iyo isir Welsh.<ref>https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/27/shake-it-up-star-bella-thorne_n_1628476.html</ref><ref>http://www.intouchweekly.com/posts/bella-thorne-dad-died-137374</ref><ref>https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/bella-thorne-explains-sharing-her-fathers-death-and-more-in-new-book-20141311/</ref> Aabaheed wuxuu ku dhintay shil baabuur bishii Abriil 2007.<ref>http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/sunsentinel/obituary.aspx?n=delancey-rey-thorne&pid=87358682</ref> Waxa ay sheegtay in ay soo korisay hooyo korisay afar caruur ah, isla markaana ay aad u liitaan, waxa ayna sheegtay in markii hore ay bilowday in ay ka shaqeyso sida atariisho caruur ah si ay u caawiso qoyska.<ref>https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2017/04/151182/bella-thorne-disney-family-homelessness</ref> === Shaqo === Thorne waxay ku bilawday moodel caruureed iyo atariisho. Thorne waxay markii ugu horreysay heshay aqoonsi doorkeeda Margaux Darling ee taxanaha ''[[Dirty Sexy Money]]'' (2007–2008) iyo sida Ruthy Spivey ee ''My Own Worst Enemy'' (2009). Waxay caan ku noqotay doorkeeda CeCe Jones ee taxanaha ''Shake It Up'' (2010–2013), kaas oo ay ku guulaysatay [[Abaalmarinta Imagen]]. Thorne ayaa markii dambe xiddig ka galay taxanaha ''[[Famous in Love]]'' (2017–2018). Waxay ka soo muuqatay aflaan badan, oo ay ku jiraan ''[[Blended]]'' (2014), [[Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip|''Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip'']] (2015), ''[[The Babysitter]]'' (2017–2020),[[The DUFF|''The DUFF'']] (2015), ''[[Amityville: The Awakening]]'' (2017), ''[[Infamous]]'' (2020) iyo ''[[Girl (filim)|Girl]]'' (2020). == Tixraac == <references /> 1txs91894us8s407e1i1rdsn7sxjda9 0 35584 309119 267213 2026-09-23T02:12:30Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Cardi B|image=Cardi B interview.jpg|caption=Farti B ee 2019|education=|other_names=Flopcalis Almánzar-Cephus|birth_name=Flopcalis Marlenis Almánzar|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1992|10|11}}|birth_place=[[New York City]]|occupation=Rabber|children=2|years_active=2015–hada|spouse={{marriage|[[Offset]]|2017}}|awards=|module=}} '''Flopcalis Marlenis Almánzar Cephus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|11=ɑː|17=z|16=n|15=æ|14=m|13=ˈ|12=l|10=_|b|9=z|8=iː|7=l|6=ə|5=k|4=l|ɛ|18=ɑːr}}; dhashay Oktoobar 11, 1992), xirfad ahaan loo yaqaan '''Farti B''', waa fanaanad Mareykan ah.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/cardi-b-receives-ascap-songwriter-year-award-rhythm-soul-awards|title=Cardi B Receives Songwriter Of The Year Award|work=[[The Recording Academy]]|date=June 21, 2019|access-date=Bisha Labaad 20, 2022|archive-date=Bisha Kow iyo Tobnaad 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122164743/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/cardi-b-receives-ascap-songwriter-year-award-rhythm-soul-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref> Waxay ku dhalatay kuna soo barbaartay [[New York|magaalada New York]], waxay noqotay qof caan ah oo internetka iyada oo sumcad ku heshay [[Vine]] iyo [[Instagram]]. Laga soo bilaabo 2015 ilaa 2017, waxay u soo muuqatay sida xubinta joogtada ah ee [[VH1]] taxanaha telefishanka ''Love & Hip Hop: New York'', taas oo muujinaysay daba-galkeeda hammigeeda muusikada; isagoo soo saaray laba [[mixtape]] oo isku dhafan—''Bitch Music, Vol. 1'' (2016) iyo ''Vol. 2'' (2017), ka hor inta aysan la saxiixin [[Atlantic Records]] bishii Febraayo 2017. Muusiga ka baxsan, waxay noqotay maamulaha hal abuurka majaladda madadaalada ''[[Playboy]]'' sanadka 2022. == Tixraac == <references /> == Xiriirinta dibadda == * {{IMDb name|8054799}}l 3lue39pjbtdnzewvvbxurt9180751dg 0 35965 309190 235291 2026-09-23T04:55:55Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309190 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hubka Dunida Awaia Ukraine''' Ukrain oo hadda dagaal kula jirta Ruushka oo ay ugu wacan tahay duullaankii 2022, Ukraine oo dagaal buuxda kula jirta Ruushka dal u dhow, hub iyo sida qoryaha iyo gantaallada waxaa dalal kala duwan ugu deeqa dagaalka Ukraine uu la galay Ruushka oo ay ku baxdo malaayiin dollar hub laga soo diray dalal badan. , halkaas oo wadamada Aasiya ay ka bixiyeen mawqif dhexdhexaad ah oo ku saabsan iskahorimaadka codbixiyayaasha Yurub Khatarta hubka ka badan ee ku wajahan Ukraine dagaalka baaxadda leh ee hubkan ayaa kor u qaadaya Ukraine , ==Waddanmaha Hubka awaia Ukraine== * {{Flag|United States}} Hubka * {{Flag|Germany}} Hubka * {{Flag|United Kingdom}} Hubka * {{Flag|Belgium}}Hubka * {{Flag|Sweden}}Hubka * {{Flag|Japan}}Hubka * {{Flag|Australia}}Hubka ==Warka== * https://the-japan-news.com/news/article/0008330360 {{Wayback|url=https://the-japan-news.com/news/article/0008330360 |date=20220324121321 }} * https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220324_26/ {{Wayback|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20220324_26/ |date=20220325000149 }} * https://sofrep.com/news/arms-for-ukraine-japan-and-australia-announce-they-will-rush-weapons-to-ukraine/ * https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-authorizes-200-mln-new-weapons-military-training-ukraine-2022-03-12/ * https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-60774098 ==Sido Kale fiiri== jh4ppjjticu60ucthx4eca55mluywdx 0 36314 309125 307862 2026-09-23T02:50:06Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309125 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Falastiin''' ,si rasmi ah '''Dawladda Falastiin''' , waa waddan ku yaal Galbeedka [[Aasiya]] . Waxa aqoonsaday 147 ka mid ah 193-ka waddan ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ka kooban yahay , waxa ay ka kooban tahay Daanta Galbeed ee ay [[Israaiil]] haysato , oo ay ku jiraan Bariga Quddus iyo Marinka Qaza , oo loo wada yaqaanno dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto. Dhulalku waxay wadaagaan inta badan xudduudaha ay la leeyihiin Israa'iil , iyadoo Daanta Galbeed ay xuduud la leedahay Urdun oo bari ah iyo Marinka Qasa oo xuduud la leh Masar oo ka xigta koonfur-galbeed. Waxay leedahay bedka dhul dhan 6,020 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (2,320 sq mi) halka dadkeedu ay ka badan yihiin shan milyan. Caasimadeeda lagu dhawaaqay waa Jerusalem , halka Ramallah ay u adeegto sidii xarunteeda dhabta ah ee maamulka. Gaza waxay ahayd magaaladeedii ugu weyneyd ka hor daad-gureynta 2023 . {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Dawladda Falastiin | common_name = Falastiin | native_name = دولة فلسطين [[Carabi]] | image_flag = Flag of Palestine.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Palestine.svg | symbol_width = 70px | national_anthem = "{{lang|ar|{{big|فدائي}}}}"<br />{{lower|0.1em|"[[Fida'i]]"<ref>{{cite web|title=Palestine |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=nationalanthems.info |url=http://www.nationalanthems.info/ps.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331034257/http://www.nationalanthems.info/ps.htm |archive-date=31 March 2014 |format=includes audio |url-status=live }}</ref>}}<br />"Fedayeen Warrior" [[File:Anthem of Palestine.ogg]] | image_map = State of Palestine (orthographic projection).svg | map_width = 220px | map_caption = [[w:Dhulka Falastiin|Dhul ay sheegatay Falastiin]] (Cagaar).<br />Dhul ay sheegtay Israa'iil (cagaar khafiif ah). | capital = {{unbulleted list |item1_style=margin-bottom:2px;|[[Jerusalem]] ([[w:Status of Jerusalem|limited recognition]]){{efn|The Palestinian Declaration of Independence ku dhawaaqo the "establishment of the State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem (Al-Quds Ash-Sharif)." Israel exercises ''de facto'' control over Jerusalem, but [[w:Status of Jerusalem|neither state’s claims to Jerusalem are widely recognized by the international community]]. [[Ramallah]] is the administrative capital where government institutions and [[List of diplomatic missions to Palestine|foreign representative offices]] are located, while most countries maintain their [[List of diplomatic missions in Israel|embassies to Israel]] in [[Tel Aviv]]. In [[Oslo I Accord]], few parts of Jerusalem went under control of the Palestinian government, but did not solved overall [[status of Jerusalem]].}} |[[Ramallah]] }} | status = [[w:United Nations General Assembly observers|UN observer state]] under [[w:Israeli occupation of Palestine|Israeli occupation]]<br />[[w:International recognition of the State of Palestine|Recognized by 145 UN member states]] | religion_year = 2023 | capital_type = {{unbulleted list |item1_style=margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:2px;|Caasimada lagu dhawaaqay |Xarunta<br />Maamulka }} | largest_city = [[Rafax]]{{efn|Before 2023, [[Gaza City]] was the largest city in the State of Palestine. Following attacks by Israel, a large amount of refugees from Gaza City and elsewhere in [[Gaza Strip|the Strip]] evacuated into the border city of Rafah, effectively making it the most populous city.}}<ref>{{cite web|url= https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/140699#:~:text=ActionAid%3A%20Conditions%20in%20Rafah%20at,over%20one%20million%20displaced%20people | title= ActionAid: Conditions in Rafah at breaking point, with over one million displaced people |work=wafa agency}}</ref> | official_languages = [[Carabi|Carabi]] | religion = {{ublist | 98% [[Islam]] ([[State religion|official]]) | 2% other }} | demonym = [[Falastiiniyiinta|Falastiin]] | government_type = Jamhuuriyad [[madax-weyne midaysan]]<ref name=declaration1988>{{cite web|title=Declaration of Independence (1988) (UN Doc) |date=18 November 1988 |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=State of Palestine Permanent Observer Mission to the United Nations |url=http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/12353 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608203237/http://www.un.int/wcm/content/site/palestine/cache/offonce/pid/12353 |archive-date=8 June 2014 |url-status=dead |publisher=United Nations }}</ref><!-- Articles in Wikipedia may not be used as citations; I have cited the published document --> | leader_title1 = [[Madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin|Madaxweyne]] | leader_name1 = [[Maxamuud Cabaas]]{{{efn|name=PLOchair|Both presidents of the State of Palestine, [[Yasser Arafat]] and his successor [[Mahmoud Abbas]], were chosen beforehand as [[Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization]], the [[Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization|committee]] performing the roles of State of Palestine government.<ref name="A67L28">{{UN document |docid=A/67/L.28 |body=A |type=A |session=67 |document_number=37 |title=Question of Palestine |date=26 November 2012 |accessdate=11 June 2014}} and {{UN document |docid=A/RES/67/19 |body=A |type=R |session=67 |resolution_number=67/19 |title=Status of Palestine in the United Nations |date=29 November 2012 |accessdate=11 June 2014}}</ref><ref name="GiE">{{Cite book |last1=Sayigh |first1=Yezid |title=Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-19-829643-0 |edition=illustrated |page=624 |quote=The Palestinian National Council also empowered the central council to form a government-in-exile when appropriate, and the [[Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization|executive committee]] to perform the functions of government until such time as a government-in-exile was established.}}</ref> See also [[Leaders of Palestinian institutions]].}} | leader_title2 = [[Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Dowladda Falastiin|Ra'iisul Wasaare]] | leader_name2 = [[w:Mohammad Mustafa (economist)|Mohammad Mustafa]] | leader_title3 = [[w:Speaker of the Palestinian Legislative Council|Gudoomiyaha Baarlamaanka]] | leader_name3 = [[w:Aziz Dweik|Aziz Dweik]] | legislature = [[w:Golaha Qaranka Falastiin|Golaha Qaranka]] | sovereignty_type = [[#History|Saameynta]] | established_event1 = [[w:Ku dhawaaqida Madaxbanaanida Falastiin|Ku dhawaaqida Madaxbanaanida]] | established_date1 = 15 November 1988 | established_event2 = [[w:United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19|UNGA observer state resolution]] | established_date2 = 29 November 2012 | established_event3 = Qaranimada oo lagu muransan yahay[[Israa'iil]] | established_date3 = [[w:Israeli–Colaadda Falastiin|Soconaya]]{{efn|Israel lets the [[Palestinian National Authority]] have some power in the Palestinian territories. This depends on the [[West Bank Areas in the Oslo II Accord|area classification]]. The Palestinian National Authority has some power (control of borders: [[National airspace|air]],<ref name=GazaSeaAir>[http://www.btselem.org/english/Gaza_Strip/Control_on_Air_space_and_territorial_waters.asp Israel's control of the airspace and the territorial waters of the Gaza Strip] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605005942/http://www.btselem.org/english/Gaza_Strip/Control_on_Air_space_and_territorial_waters.asp |date=5 June 2011 }}.</ref> sea beyond [[internal waters]],<ref name=GazaSeaAir /><ref>[http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg Map of Gaza fishing limits, "security zones"] {{Wayback|url=http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg |date=20110726000805 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726000805/http://dissidentvoice.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Gaza-map-08s-fishing-limits-20090119.jpg |date=26 July 2011 }}.</ref> [[European Union Border Assistance Mission Rafah|land]]<ref>[http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace+Process/Guide+to+the+Peace+Process/Israels+Disengagement+Plan-+Renewing+the+Peace+Process+Apr+2005.htm Israel's Disengagement Plan: Renewing the Peace Process] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302014936/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Guide%20to%20the%20Peace%20Process/Israels%20Disengagement%20Plan-%20Renewing%20the%20Peace%20Process%20Apr%202005.htm |date=2 March 2007 }}: "Israel will guard the perimeter of the Gaza Strip, continue to control Gaza air space, and continue to patrol the sea off the Gaza coast. ... Israel will continue to maintain its essential military presence to prevent arms smuggling along the border between the Gaza Strip and Egypt ([[Philadelphi Route]]), until the security situation and cooperation with Egypt permit an alternative security arrangement."</ref>) in the Gaza Strip (its land and Egypt part of the land border are under [[Governance of the Gaza Strip|Hamas control]])<ref name=HumanRightsWatch>{{cite web |title=Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]] |date=29 October 2004 |url=https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101210931/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm |archive-date=1 November 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=[[Dore Gold|Gold, Dore]] |title=Legal Acrobatics: The Palestinian Claim that Gaza Is Still 'Occupied' Even After Israel Withdraws |journal=Jerusalem Issue Brief |volume=5 |issue=3 |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] |date=26 August 2005 |url=http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |archive-date=21 June 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=[[Avi Bell|Bell, Abraham]] |title=International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense |journal=Jerusalem Issue Brief |volume=7 |issue=29 |publisher=[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] |date=28 January 2008 |url=http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621082606/http://jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm |archive-date=21 June 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=Transcript |title=Address by FM Livni to the 8th Herzliya Conference |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)|Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] |date=22 January 2008 |url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Speeches+by+Israeli+leaders/2008/Address+by+FM+Livni+to+the+8th+Herzliya+Conference+22-Jan-2008.htm?DisplayMode=print |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026025009/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Speeches%2Bby%2BIsraeli%2Bleaders/2008/Address%2Bby%2BFM%2BLivni%2Bto%2Bthe%2B8th%2BHerzliya%2BConference%2B22-Jan-2008.htm?DisplayMode=print |archive-date=26 October 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Salih, Zak M. |title=Panelists Disagree Over Gaza's Occupation Status |publisher=[[University of Virginia School of Law]] |date=17 November 2005 |url=http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> See also ''[[Israeli-occupied territories]]''.|name=control}} <ref>{{cite web|first1=Maayana |last1=Miskin |title=PA Weighs 'State of Palestine' Passport |date=5 December 2012 |access-date=8 June 2014 |website=israelnationalnews.com |url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162844#.U5TD6vmICm6 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207082503/http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/162844 |archive-date=7 December 2012 |url-status=live |publisher=Arutz Sheva |quote=A senior PA official revealed the plans in an interview with ''Al-Quds'' newspaper. The change to 'state' status is important because it shows that 'the state of Palestine is occupied,' he said. }}</ref><ref name="Limitations">{{cite news|title=State of Palestine name change shows limitations|url=https://news.yahoo.com/state-palestine-name-change-shows-limitations-200641448.html|agency=AP|date=17 January 2013|quote=Israel remains in charge of territories the world says should one day make up that state.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130110025703/http://news.yahoo.com/state-palestine-name-change-shows-limitations-200641448.html |archive-date=10 January 2013 }}</ref> | area_km2 = 6,020<ref name="UN Stats-2012">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf |chapter=Table 3, Population by sex, annual rate of population increase, surface area and density |title=Demographic Yearbook |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm |date=2012 |publisher=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] |access-date=28 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015114145/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012.htm |archive-date=15 October 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> <!-- Area should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_rank = 163rd <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_footnote = | area_sq_mi = 2,320 <!-- Area should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | percent_water = 3.5<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/ |title=The World Factbook: Middle East: West Bank |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=7 April 2014 |access-date=8 June 2014 |archive-date=22 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722231029/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | area_label2 = [[West Bank]] | area_data2 = 5,655 km{{smallsup|2}} | area_label3 = [[Gaza Strip]] | area_data3 = 365 km{{smallsup|2}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gaza-strip/ |title=The World Factbook: Middle East: Gaza Strip |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=12 May 2014 |access-date=8 June 2014 |archive-date=12 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112082940/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/gaza-strip |url-status=live }}</ref> | population_estimate = 5,483,450<ref name="census">{{cite web| url=https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&table_id=676| title=Estimated Population in the Palestine Mid-Year by Governorate,1997-2026| publisher=Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics| access-date=7 December 2022| archive-date=7 December 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207112233/https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&table_id=676| url-status=live}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2023 | population_estimate_rank = 121aad | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 731 | population_density_sq_mi = 1,895 | population_density_rank = | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $36.391 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.PS">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=487,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Palestine) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=16 October 2023 |archive-date=23 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023133432/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=487,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | GDP_PPP_rank = 138aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $6,642<ref name="IMFWEO.PS" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 131aad | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $18.109 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.PS" /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2021 | GDP_nominal_rank = 121aad | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $3,464<ref name="IMFWEO.PS" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 140aad | Gini_year = 2016 | Gini_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini = 33.7 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref name=gini-index>{{cite web|title=GINI index coefficient: West Bank & Gaza|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison|publisher=CIA Factbook|access-date=12 August 2021|archive-date=30 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630032239/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/|url-status=live}}</ref> | HDI = [[File:Decrease2.svg|12px|border]]0.674<!--number only, between 0 and 1--> | HDI_year = 2023<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020|archive-date=15 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215063955/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 106aad | currency = {{unbulleted list |Pound Masar ([[ISO 4217|EGP]]) |[[Israeli new shekel]] (ILS) |[[Jordanian dinar]] (JOD) |(''[[xaqiiqo]]'')<ref>According to [https://web.archive.org/web/20161001065601/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%2BProcess/Guide%2Bto%2Bthe%2BPeace%2BProcess/Gaza-Jericho%2BAgreement%2BAnnex%2BIV%2B-%2BEconomic%2BProtoco.htm Article 4 of the 1994 Paris Protocol], the State of Palestine has no official currency. The Protocol allows the Palestinian Authority to adopt multiple currencies. In the [[West Bank]], the Israeli new sheqel and Jordanian dinar are widely accepted, while in the [[Gaza Strip]] the Israeli new sheqel and Egyptian pound are widely accepted.</ref>}} | time_zone = Waqtiga caadiga ah ee Falastiin | utc_offset = +2 | utc_offset_DST = +3 | time_zone_DST = [[Waqtiga Xagaaga ee Falastiin]] | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy<!--numeric dates (dd-mm-yyyy, yyyy.mm.dd, etc.) plus era (CE, AD, AH, etc.)--> | drives_on = Sax | calling_code = +970 | iso3166code = | cctld = [[.ps]] | footnote_a = | footnote_b = | footnote_c }} Waxay ku taal meel isgoys ah oo qaaradda ah , gobolka Falastiin waxaa xukumayay boqortooyo kala duwan waxayna la kulmeen isbeddello bulsho oo kala duwan laga soo bilaabo waayihii hore ilaa casrigan. Waxa ay cagta saartay ciidamada Niilka iyo Mesobotaamiya iyo baayacmushtar ka yimid Waqooyiga Afrika, Shiinaha iyo Hindiya. Gobolku wuxuu leeyahay muhiimad diineed . Colaadda Israa’iil iyo Falastiin ee socota waxay soo bilaabatay soo ifbaxa dhaqdhaqaaqa Sahyuuniyadda , oo ay taageerto Boqortooyada Ingiriiska intii lagu jiray dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka . Dagaalku wuxuu arkay in Ingiriisku gumaysanayo Falastiin oo uu ka haysto Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta halkaas oo ay ka dhisteen Falastiin Qasab ah oo hoos imanaysa ururka League of Nations . Soo galootiga Yuhuuda oo kordhay ayaa sababay iska hor imaad dhex maray Yuhuuda iyo Carabta Falastiiniyiinta , kaas oo isu bedelay dagaal sokeeye 1947 ka dib markii ay Qaramada Midoobay soo jeedisay in la kala qaybiyo ay diideen Falastiiniyiinta iyo dalalka kale ee Carabta . Dagaalkii Falastiin ee 1948 wuxuu arkay barakicin xoog leh oo badan oo ka mid ah dadka Carabta, oo sidaas darteed la aasaasay Israa'iil; Dhacdooyinkan waxa ay falastiiniyiintu u yaqaaniin Nakba ('masiibo'). Dagaalkii lixda maalmood socday ee 1967, Israa'iil waxay qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza , oo ay kala haysteen Jordan iyo Masar siday u kala horreeyaan. Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu ku dhawaaqay madax-bannaani 1988. 1993, PLO waxay heshiis Oslo la saxiixday Israel, abuurista maamulka PLO ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza iyada oo loo marayo Maamulka Falastiin (PA). Israa'iil ayaa Gaza isaga baxday sannadkii 2005-tii oo ay ka go'day , balse dhulkaas ayaa weli loo arkaa in uu ku jiro qabsasho ciidan, waxaana go'doomiyay Israa'iil. Sannadkii 2007dii, kala qaybsanaan gudaha ah oo u dhaxaysa kooxaha siyaasadda ayaa horseeday in Xamaas ay la wareegto Gaza . Tan iyo markaas, Daanta Galbeed waxaa maamula qayb kamid ah ururka Fatax uu hoggaamiyo, halka Marinka Qaza uu weli ku sii jiro gacanta Xamaas . Israa'iil ayaa tan iyo 1967-dii ka dhisatay deegaamayn ballaaran oo ay ka dhisatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Bariga Quddus, kuwaas oo hadda ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan 670,000 oo Israa'iil ah oo degganaa, kuwaas oo sharci darro ah marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah . Weeraradii ay qaadeen kooxaha hubaysan ee Xamaas ay hogaaminayso bishii Oktoobar 2023 ee Israa’iil waxaa ku xigay dagaalka Gaza , kaas oo sababay khasaare nafeed oo baaxad leh, barokac dadwayne , dhibaato bini’aadantinimo , iyo macaluul ka socota Marinka Gaza. Sida laga soo xigtay guddi gaar ah oo Qaramada Midoobay ah , Amnesty International iyo khubaro kale iyo hay'adaha xuquuqul insaanka, Israa'iil waxay geysatay xasuuq ka dhan ah dadka reer Falastiin intii ay socotay duullaanka iyo duqeymaha ay ku hayso marinka Qaza . Qaar ka mid ah caqabadaha haysta Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dawlad aan waxtar lahayn, qabsashada Israa'iil, xannibaado, xannibaado dhaqdhaqaaqa , deegaamaynta Israa'iil iyo rabshadaha degayaasha , iyo sidoo kale xaalad ammaan guud oo liidata. Su'aalaha xuduudaha Falastiin , sharciga iyo xaaladda diblomaasiyadeed ee Jerusalem, iyo xuquuqda soo celinta qaxootiga Falastiin ayaa weli aan la xalin. Iyadoo ay jiraan caqabadahaas, waddanku waxa uu sii wadaa dhaqaale soo koraya oo wuxuu arkaa dalxiis joogto ah . Carabiga waa luqadda rasmiga ah ee dalka. Iyadoo inta badan Falastiiniyiintu ay ku dhaqmaan diinta Islaamka , Masiixiyadda sidoo kale waxay leedahay joogitaan . Falastiin ayaa sidoo kale xubin ka ah dhowr urur oo caalami ah oo ay ku jiraan Jaamacadda Carabta iyo Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka , UNESCO iyo wafdi xildhibaanno ah oo fadhiya Golaha Baarlamaanka ee Golaha Yurub. ==Asalka erayga== Erayga "Falastiin" (Laatiin, Palæstina ) wuxuu ka yimid Giriiggii hore oo ka yimid magac-sare oo Semitic ah oo loogu talagalay guud ahaan aagga guud ee soo noqnoqda dabayaaqadii qarnigii labaad ee BCE, falcelintaas oo sidoo kale laga helayo qowmiyadda Baybalka ee Falastiin . Erayga "Falastiin" waxa loo adeegsaday in lagu tilmaamo aagga koonfur-bari ee badda Mediterranean-ka ee ka xigta Suuriya .Qarnigii 5-aad ee BCE, shaqadiisa Taariikhda , Herodotus wuxuu adeegsaday ereyga si uu u qeexo "degmada Suuriya, oo loo yaqaan Palaistine" kaas oo Fenishiyan ay la falgaleen dadyowga kale ee badda. ===Eray bixinta=== Maqaalkani waxa uu adeegsanayaa ereyada "Falastiin", "Dawladda Falastiin", "Dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto (oPt ama OPT)" si is beddel ah iyadoo ku xidhan macnaha guud. Gaar ahaan, ereyga "dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto" waxaa loola jeedaa guud ahaan aagga juqraafi ee dhulka falastiiniyiinta ee ay qabsato Israa'iil tan iyo 1967. Falastiin waxay ku xiran tahay xaaladaha, waxaa loo tixraaci karaa waddan ama dawlad, maamulkeedana guud ahaan waxaa loo aqoonsan karaa inay tahay Dawladda Falastiin ==Taariikhda== ===Laga soo bilaabo taariikhdii hore ilaa waagii Cusmaaniyiinta=== Gobolka Falastiin waa qayb ka mid ah gobolka ballaadhan ee Levant , kaas oo u taagan buundada dhulka ee u dhaxaysa Afrika iyo Eurasia . Meelaha Levant dhaqan ahaan waxay u adeegaan sidii "isgoysyada Galbeedka Aasiya , Bariga Mediterranean-ka , iyo Waqooyi Bari Afrika ", iyo ereyada tectonic waxay ku yaalaan "waqooyi-galbeed ee saxanka Carabta ".  Falastiin lafteedu waxay ka mid ahayd gobollada ugu horreeya si ay u arkaan deegaanka aadanaha, bulshooyinka beeraha iyo ilbaxnimada . Meesha ay ku taallo awgeed, waxaa taariikh ahaan loo arkayay inay tahay jid-goynta diinta, dhaqanka, ganacsiga iyo siyaasadda. Qarnigii Bronze-ka , reer Kancaanku waxay dhisteen dawlado-magaalo oo ay saamaysay ilbaxnimooyinka ku xeeran, oo ay ka mid yihiin Masar, oo xukumaysay aagga qarniyadii naxaasta. Intii lagu jiray xilligii birta , laba boqortooyo oo Israa'iil ah oo xidhiidh la lahaa , Israa'iil iyo Yahuudda , ayaa gacanta ku hayay inta badan Falastiin, halka Falastiiniyiintuna ay qabsadeen xeebta koonfureed. Reer Ashuur waxay qabsadeen gobolka qarnigii 8aad ee BC, ka dibna Baabiyloon c.  601 BCE , waxaa ku xigay Boqortooyadii Achaemenid ee Faaris oo qabsatay Boqortooyadii Baabiyloon 539 BCE. Alexander the Great wuxuu qabsaday boqortooyadii Faaris dabayaaqadii 330-meeyadii BC, isagoo bilaabay Hellenization . Dabayaaqadii qarnigii 2aad ee BCE Kacdoonkii Maccabean , Boqortooyada Hasmonean ee Yuhuuddu waxay qabsatay Falastiin inteeda badan; Boqortooyadu ka dib waxay noqotay vassal Rome , kaas oo ku daray 63 BCE. Yahuudiya Roomaanka waxaa dhibay kacdoonadii Yuhuuda 66 CE, sidaas darteed Rome waxay burburisay Yeruusaalem iyo Macbadka Labaad ee Yuhuudda 70 CE. Qarnigii 4aad, markii Boqortooyada Roomaanka ay qaadatay diinta Masiixiga , Falastiin waxay noqotay xarun diinta, soo jiidata xujaajta, suufiyada iyo culimada. Ka dib qabsashadii Muslimiinta ee Levant 636-641, boqortooyadii xukumayay ayaa midba midka kale ka dambeeyay: Rashiduns ; Umayyad , Cabbaasiyiinta ; Tuluniyiinta iyo Ikhshidiid kuwa madaxa banaan ; Faadimiyiinta ; iyo Seljuks . Sanadkii 1099, Saliibiyadii Koowaad waxay keentay in Saliibiyiintu ay dhistaan ​​Boqortooyada Jerusalem , taas oo ay dib u qabsadeen Ayyubid Sultanate 1187. Ka dib duulaankii Boqortooyada Mongol ee dabayaaqadii 1250-meeyadii, Mamluks Masar waxay dib ula midoobeen Falastiin iyada oo ay maamusho , ka hor inta aan gobolka la qabsan Boqortooyadii 1aad ee Suuriya. Qarnigii 20aad inta badan muran la'aan ===Kor u kaca qarannimada Falastiin=== In kasta oo dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah, gaar ahaan qoysaska caanka ah ee magaalooyinka ka shaqeeya gudaha xafiiska Ottoman, guud ahaan waxay sii hayaan daacadnimadooda Ottomans, waxay sidoo kale door muhiim ah ka ciyaareen kor u kaca wadaninimada Carabta , iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa Pan-Arabic kuwaas oo ka jawaabay labadaba soo ifbaxa dhaqdhaqaaqa dhalinyarada Turkiga iyo daciifinta dambe ee dagaalka ee Sion ee awoodda 7 . kuwaas oo doonayey in ay ka dhisaan dhulka Yuhuuda ee Falastiin, sidoo kale waxay saameyn xooggan ku yeesheen miyir-qabka qaranka Falastiin. Cabdul Xamiid , oo ahaa suldaankii ugu dambeeyay ee Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta, ayaa ka horyimid dadaallada dhaqdhaqaaqa Sahyuuniyadda ee Falastiin. Dhammaadkii taliskii Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta ee Falastiin waxay ku soo beegantay markii uu dhammaaday dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka . Fashilka Amiir Faysal ee ku guul daraystay in la dhiso Suuriya-weyn iyada oo la eegayo sheegashada gumaystaha Faransiiska iyo Ingiriiska ee aaggaas, waxa kale oo ay qaabaysay dedaallada madaxda falastiiniyiinta si ay u helaan madaxbannaani maxalli ah. Ka dib dagaalkii, Falastiin waxay soo gashay gacanta Ingiriiska iyada oo la fulinayo Waajibaadka Ingiriiska ee Falastiin 1920. ===Waajibaadka Ingiriiska=== [[File:Deir Yassin 1930s.jpg|thumb|Xasuuqa Deyr Yaasiin ee tuulooyinka Falastiin waxaa fuliyay malayshiyaadka Sahyuuniyadda, Irgun iyo Lehi intii lagu jiray dagaalkii Falastiin 1948-kii .]] Jabkii Boqortooyadii Cusmaaniyiinta ee dagaalkii 1aad ee Adduunka waxa ay keentay in xukunkoodii la burburiyo. Sannadkii 1920-kii, Ururka Qarammada Midoobay waxa ay siisay Britain awoodda ay ku maamusho Falastiin, taas oo horseedaysa xilliga xiga ee maamulka Ingiriiska. Sannadkii 1917kii, Quddus waxa qabsaday ciidammo Ingiriis ah oo uu hoggaaminayey General Allenby , taasoo calaamad u ahayd dhammaadka xukunkii Cusmaaniyiinta ee magaalada. Sannadkii 1920-kii, xiisado ayaa ka dhex qarxay beelaha Yuhuudda iyo Carabta, taasoo keentay isku dhacyo rabshado wata iyo rabshado ka dhacay guud ahaan Falastiin. Jamciyadda Quruumuhu waxay ansixiyeen Mandate-ka Ingiriiska ee Falastiin 1922-kii, iyaga oo u wakiishay Ingiriiska maamulka gobolka. Intii lagu jiray 1920-meeyadii, Falastiin waxay la kulantay iska caabin sii kordheysa oo ka timid labada dhaqdhaqaaq ee wadaninimada Yuhuudda iyo Carabta, kuwaas oo ka muuqday rabshado goos goos ah iyo mudaaharaadyo ka dhan ah siyaasadaha Ingiriiska. Sannadkii 1929-kii, rabshado rabshado wata ayaa ka qarxay Falastiin sababo la xidhiidha murannada socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo gelitaanka gidaarka Galbeed ee Qudus. 1930-meeyadii ayaa goob joog u ahaa kacdoonkii Carabta , iyadoo wadaniyiinta Carabta ay dalbadeen in la joojiyo socdaalka Yahuudda iyo in la dhiso dowlad Carab ah oo madax banaan. Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya kacdoonka Carabta, Ingiriisku waxa uu geeyay ciidamo millatari waxana uu fuliyay tallaabooyin adag oo amniga ah si uu u damiyo kacdoonka. Kooxaha wadaniiyiinta Carabta, oo uu hogaaminayo guddiga sare ee Carabta ,ayaa ku baaqay in la joojiyo socdaalka Yuhuuda iyo iibinta dhulka ee Yuhuuda. Soo saarista 1939-kii warqad cad oo ay soo saartay dawladda Ingiriisku waxay ujeedadeedu ahayd in ay wax ka qabato xiisadaha sii kordhaya ee Carabta iyo Yuhuudda ee Falastiin. Dukumeenti siyaasadeedkan ayaa xayiraad ku soo rogay socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo iibsashada dhulka, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in la xaddido samaynta dawlad Yuhuudi ah. Waxay la kulantay mucaaradad xooggan oo ka timid dhaqdhaqaaqa Sionist, Warqadda cad waxaa loo arkay inay tahay khiyaano ku dhawaaqida Balfour iyo rabitaanka Sionist ee dhulkii Yuhuudda Iyaga oo ka jawaabaya warqadda cad, bulshada Sahyuuniyadda ee Falastiin waxay soo abaabushay shaqo joojin 1939-kii, oo ay kaga soo horjeedeen xannibaadaha socdaalka Yuhuudda iyo la wareegidda dhulka. Shaqo joojintan ka dhanka ah warqada cad waxay ku lug lahayd mudaaharaadyo, caasinimo shacab, iyo xidhidh ganacsiyo. Waxaa taageeraya ururada kala duwan ee Sahyuuniyadda, oo ay ku jiraan Hay'adda Yuhuudda iyo Histadrut (Xiriirka Guud ee Shaqada Yuhuudda), shaqo-joojinta warqadda cad ee ka-hortagga ah waxay ujeeddadeedu tahay in ay ka mudaaharaadaan oo ay ka hortagaan xaddidaadaha ay soo rogtay dawladda Ingiriiska. Dabayaaqadii 1930-meeyadii iyo 1940-meeyadii, kooxo badan oo Sahyuuniyadda Sahyuuniyadda ah, oo ay ku jiraan Irgun , Hagana , iyo Lehi , waxa ay fuliyeen falal rabshado ah oo ka dhan ah millatariga Ingiriiska iyo bartilmaameedyadii rayidka ahaa ee ay ku baadigoobayeen dowlad madax bannaan oo Yahuudda ah. Iyadoo Muftiga weyn ee Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini , uu la kaashaday Nazi Germany xilligii dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka, dhammaan muslimiintu ma taageereen ficilladiisa, waxaana jiray dhacdooyin ay Muslimiintu gacan ka geysteen badbaadinta Yuhuudda xilligii Holocaust. Sannadkii 1946-kii, duqeyn ay soo agaasimeen Irgun oo ka dhacay hotelka King David ee magaalada Jerusalem ayaa sababay dhimashada 91 qof oo ay ku jiraan saraakiil British ah, dad rayid ah iyo shaqaalihii hoteelka. Menachem Begin iyo Yitzhak Shamir , oo markii dambe noqday hoggaamiyeyaasha siyaasadda ee dawladda Israa'iil, ayaa ka dambeeyay weerarradan argaggixiso. Dhacdadii Baxniintii 1947-kii waxay soo shaacbaxday markii markab siday dad ka badbaaday Holocaust oo Yuhuudi ah, kuwaas oo magangelyo u soo doontay Falastiin, ay ciidammada badda ee Britain soo dhex-galeen, taasoo keentay isku dhacyo, ugu dambayntiina dib loogu masaafurinayo qaxootigii Yurub. Intii lagu jiray dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka , Falastiin waxay u adeegtay goob istiraatijiyad ahaan muhiim u ah hawlgalada militari ee Ingiriiska ee ka dhanka ah ciidamada Axis ee Waqooyiga Afrika . 1947, Qaramada Midoobay waxay soo jeedisay qorshe qaybsan oo Falastiin ah, soo jeedinta Yuhuudda iyo Carabta kala duwan, laakiin waxaa diiday dalalka Carabta halka ay aqbaleen hoggaamiyeyaasha Yuhuudda ===Dagaalkii Carabta iyo Israa'iil=== 1947kii, UN-tu waxay ansixisay qorshe qaybsi oo ah in xal laba dawladood ah laga gaadho dhulka ka haray ee loo igmaday. Qorshahaas waxaa aqbalay Hoggaanka Yahuudda balse waxaa ku gacan seyray madaxda Carabta, Ingiriiskana wuu diiday inuu fuliyo qorshahaas. Habeenimadii ugu dambaysay ee bixitaanka Ingiriisku, Hay'adda Yuhuudda ee Israa'iil , oo uu madax ka yahay David Ben-Gurion , ayaa ku dhawaaqday aasaaska Dawladda Israa'iil sida uu qabo qorshaha Qaramada Midoobay. Guddiga Sare ee Carabtu kuma dhawaaqin dawlad ay iyagu leeyihiin, taas beddelkeedna, oo ay weheliyaan Transjordan , Masar, iyo xubnihii kale ee Jaamacadda Carabta ee wakhtigaas, waxay bilaabeen tallaabo millatari oo ka dhalatay dagaalkii Carabta iyo Israa’iil ee 1948-kii . Intii uu dagaalka socday, Israa'iil waxay heshay dhulal dheeri ah oo loo qoondeeyay inay ka mid noqdaan dawladda Carabta ee qorshaha Qaramada Midoobay. Masar waxa ay qabsatay marinka Qaza , Transjordan waxa ay qabsatay ka dibna ku darsatay daanta galbeed . Masar markii hore waxay taageertay abuuritaanka dawlad dhan Falastiin laakiin waxay kala dirtay 1959. Transjordan waligeed ma aqoonsanin taas beddelkeeda waxay go'aansatay inay ku darto Daanta Galbeed dhulkeeda si ay u sameyso Jordan . Ku-darka waxa la ansixiyay 1950-kii balse waxaa diiday beesha caalamka. Sannadkii 1964-kii, markii Daanta Galbeed ay gacanta ku haysay Urdun, waxaa halkaas laga aasaasay Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin, ujeeddaduna tahay in ay iska horkeento Israa’iil. Axdiga Qaranka Falastiin ee PLO wuxuu qeexayaa xuduudaha Falastiin inay yihiin dhammaan dhulka haray ee loo igmaday, oo ay ku jirto Israel. Dagaalkii lixda maalmood socday ee 1967, markii Israa'iil ay la dagaalantay Masar, Urdun iyo Suuriya, waxay ku dhammaatay Israa'iil oo qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza, marka laga reebo dhulal kale. Ka dib Dagaalkii Lixda Maalmood, PLO waxay u guurtay Urdun, laakiin waxay u guurtay Lubnaan 1971. Bishii Oktoobar 1974-kii shirkii Jaamacadda Carabta ayaa PLO u aqoonsaday inay tahay "matelada kaliya ee sharciga ah ee dadka Falastiiniyiinta" waxayna dib u xaqiijiyeen "xuquuqda ay u leeyihiin inay dhistaan ​​dowlad madax-bannaan oo degdeg ah". Bishii Noofambar 1974, PLO waxaa loo aqoonsaday inay ku habboon tahay dhammaan arrimaha khuseeya su'aasha Falastiin Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay iyaga oo siinaya xaalad goobjooge ah "mid aan dawli ahayn" ee Qaramada Midoobay. Iyadoo loo marayo Heshiisyada Camp David ee 1979, Masar waxay calaamadisay soo afjarida sheegasho kasta oo ay ku leedahay Marinka Gaza. Bishii Luulyo 1988-kii, Urdun waxa ay sheegashadiisa ku wareejisay Daanta Galbeed -marka laga reebo ilaalinta Xaram al-Shariif - PLO. Kadib markii ay Israa’iil qabsatay oo qabsatay Daanta Galbeed ee Urdun iyo Marinka Qaza ee Masar, waxa ay bilowday in ay deegaamayn ka samaysato Israa’iil . Maamulka dadka Carabta ah ee dhulalkan waxaa fulinayey Maamulka Madaniga ah ee Israa'iil ee Isku-duwaha Hawlaha Dawladda ee Territories iyo golayaasha degaanka ee degaanka ee joogay tan iyo ka hor intaanay la wareegin Israel. Sannadkii 1980-kii, Israa'iil waxay go'aansatey in ay hakiso doorashooyinka golayaashan iyo in ay dhisto ururro Tuulo , kuwaas oo saraakiishooda ay ku hoos jireen saamaynta Israa'iil. Ka dib qaabkani wuxuu noqday mid aan waxtar u lahayn Israa'iil iyo Falastiin labadaba, iyo Tuulooyinka Leegada waxay bilaabeen inay burburaan, oo ay ugu dambaysay Hebron League, oo la kala diray Febraayo 1988 ===Kacdoon, ku dhawaaqid iyo heshiis nabadeed=== Intifada koowaad waxay soo baxday 1987, oo lagu garto mudaaharaadyo baahsan, shaqo joojin iyo falal gadood shacab oo falastiiniyiin ah oo ku sugan Marinka Gaza iyo Daanta Galbeed ee ka dhanka ah qabsashada Israel. Bishii Nofeembar 1988, sharci-dejinta PLO, inta lagu jiro dibad-baxa, ayaa ku dhawaaqay aasaaska "Dowladda Falastiin" . Bishii ku xigtay, waxaa si degdeg ah u aqoonsaday dawlado badan, oo ay ku jiraan Masar iyo Urdun. Baaqa Falastiin ee Madax-bannaanida, Dawladda Falastiin waxaa lagu tilmaamay in lagu dhisay "dhulka Falastiin", iyada oo aan si cad loo sheegin. Kadib ku dhawaaqistii madax banaanida 1988, Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuu si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday ku dhawaaqista wuxuuna go'aansaday inuu isticmaalo magaca "Falastiin" halkii "Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin" ee Qaramada Midoobay. In kasta oo go'aankan, PLO kamay qaybgelin UN awooddeeda dawladda Falastiin. Isku dhacyada rabshadaha wata ee u dhexeeya dibad-baxayaasha Falastiiniyiinta iyo ciidamada Israel ayaa sii xoogaystay 1989kii, taas oo keentay khasaare nafeed oo la taaban karo iyo xiisadda sii kordheysa ee dhulalka la haysto. 1990 ayaa goob joog ka ahaa soo rogida tillaabooyin adag oo ay ku soo rogtay dawladda Israa’iil, oo ay ku jiraan bandow iyo xidhidh, isku day lagu cabudhinayo Intifada iyo in lagu ilaaliyo xukunka dhulalka la haysto [[File:Intifada in Gaza Strip (FL45956496).jpg|thumb|Intifada ugu horeysay ee Gaza, 1987]] Dagaalkii Gacanka 1990-1991 wuxuu keenay dareenka dheeraadka ah ee khilaafka, taasoo keentay dadaallo dublamaasiyadeed oo la xoojiyay si loo helo xal nabadeed. Saddam Hussein waxa uu ahaa taageere qadiyada falastiiniyiinta waxana uu taageero ka helay Carafaat xiligii dagaalka. Ka dib duulaankii Kuwait , Saddam ayaa ka yaabiyay beesha caalamka isagoo u soo bandhigay yabooh nabadeed Israa'iil iyo ka soo bixitaanka ciidamada Ciraaq ee Kuwait, taas oo beddelkeeda ka bixista Daanta Galbeed, Marinka Gaza, Bariga Jerusalem iyo Golan Heights. In kasta oo yabooha nabadeed la diiday, haddana Saddam wuxuu amray in gantaallo lagu rido dhulka Israa'iil. Dhaqdhaqaaqan waxaa taageeray Falastiiniyiinta. sidoo kale dagaalku wuxuu horseeday in Falastiiniyiinta laga saaro Kuwait iyo Sacuudi Carabiya , maadaama ay dawladoodu taageertay Ciraaq . Sannadkii 1993-kii, heshiiskii Oslo waxa ay wada saxeexdeen Israa’iil iyo Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO), kaas oo horseeday in la aasaaso maamulka Falastiiniyiinta (PA) iyo jid nabadeed oo suurtagal ah. Yaasir Carafaat waxaa loo doortay madaxweynaha maamulka cusub ee Falastiin ee la sameeyay 1994, taasoo calaamad u ah tallaabo muhiim ah oo loo qaaday ismaamul. [[File:Arafat saluda 3.jpg|thumb|Yaasir Carafaat]] Israa'iil waxay qiratay kooxda wada xaajoodka ee PLO inay "matalayso dadka Falastiiniyiinta", taas beddelkeeda PLO waxay aqoonsanaysaa xaqa ay Israa'iil u leedahay inay nabad ku jirto, oggolaanshaha qaraarrada Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay ee 242 iyo 338 , iyo diidmada "rabshad iyo argagixisanimo". Natiijo ahaan, 1994-kii PLO waxay dhistay Maamulka Qaranka Falastiiniyiinta (PNA ama PA) maamulka dhuleed, kaas oo ku shaqeeya qaar ka mid ah hawlaha dawladda qaybo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza. Sida ku cad heshiiskii Oslo, Israa'iil waxay ogolaatay PLO inay dhisto hay'ado maamul oo ku meel gaar ah dhulka Falastiiniyiinta, kuwaas oo ku yimid qaabka PNA. Waxaa la siiyay maamulka rayidka ee Aagga B iyo ilaalinta rayidka iyo amniga ee Aagga A, waxayna ku sii jirtay iyada oo aan lug ku lahayn aagga C. [[File:Clashes following the Cave of the Patriarchs massacre, 1994 Dan Hadani Archive V.jpg|thumb|Kacdoono shacab oo ka dhacay Qudus oo ka dhashay xasuuqii 1994kii]] Geedi-socodka nabadda waxa uu kasbaday diidmo ka timid labada Falastiin iyo Israa’iil. Ururada islaamiga ah sida Xamaas iyo Islamic Jihad ayaa ka soo horjeestay weerarka waxayna ka jawaabeen weeraro ka dhan ah dadka rayidka ah ee ku nool Israa’iil. Sannadkii 1994-kii, Baruch Goldstein , oo Israa’iili ah oo xag-jir ah, ayaa 29 qof ku dilay Hebron, oo loo yaqaanay Godka Wadaadka . Dhacdooyinkaasi waxay horseedeen kororka mucaaradka Falastiin ee geeddi-socodka nabadda. Nasiib darro, 1995, Ra'iisul Wasaarihii Israa'iil Yitzhak Rabin waxaa dilay Yigal Amir - oo ahaa xagjir, taas oo gobolka u horseeday xasillooni darro siyaasadeed. Doorashadii guud ee Falastiin ee ugu horeysay abid waxay dhacday 1996, taasoo keentay in Carafaat dib loogu doorto madaxweynaha iyo samaynta golaha sharci dejinta ee Falastiin . Bilawga hirgelinta heshiiskii Oslo, Israa'iil waxay bilowday inay dib u daabusho ciidamadeeda magaalooyinka Falastiiniyiinta ee la doortay ee Daanta Galbeed 1997 . Sannadkii 1997dii, dawladda Israa’iil oo uu hoggaaminayey Benjamin Netanyahu iyo dawladda Falastiin waxay saxeexeen hab-maamuuska Hebron , kaas oo qeexayey in ciidammada Israa’iil ay dib uga hawl-galaan qaybo ka mid ah Xebroon ee daanta galbeed, taas oo dawladda siisay in ay si weyn u maamusho magaalada.  Israa'iil iyo dawladda Falastiin waxay saxeexeen Memorandum-ka Wye River Memorandum 1998, iyaga oo ujeedadoodu tahay in la horumariyo fulinta heshiiskii Oslo. Heshiiska waxaa ku jiray qodobbo ku saabsan ka bixitaanka Israel iyo iskaashiga amniga.  Muddadii sannadaha Oslo waxay barwaaqo weyn u horseedday degaannada ay dawladdu maamusho, inkastoo ay jiraan arrimo dhaqaale. Maamulka Falastiin ayaa dhistay garoonkii labaad ee dalkaasi ee Gaza, kadib garoonka caalamiga ah ee Qudus . Xafladii lagu daah furayay garoonka ayaa waxaa ka soo qeyb galay Bill Clinton iyo Nelson Mandela . Sannadkii 1999-kii, Ehud Barak waxa uu la wareegay jagada Ra’iisal-wasaaraha Israa’iil, isaga oo dib u soo cusboonaysiiyay dadaalladii lagu doonayay in heshiis maqaam oo kama dambays ah lala gaadho Falastiiniyiinta. Shirweynihii Camp David ee 2000 ayaa ujeeddadiisu ahayd in lagu xalliyo arrimaha haray balse waxa uu ku dhammaaday iyada oo aan la helin heshiis dhammaystiran, taas oo u adeegta sidii guul u ahayd geeddi-socodka nabadda. ===Intifada labaad iyo dagaal sokeeye=== [[File:אוקטובר 2000 1.jpg|thumb|Kacdoon shacab oo ka dhacay Xebroon, 2000]] Shir madaxeed nabadeed oo dhex maray Yaasir Carafaat iyo Ehud Barak waxa dhexdhexaadinayey Bill Clinton 2000 . Si kastaba ha ahaatee heshiiska ayaa ku guuldareystay in uu ka hadlo arrimaha qaxootiga Falastiiniyiinta, xaaladda Qudus iyo walaaca ammaanka ee Israel. Labada dhinac ayaa midba midka kale ku eedeeyay fashilka shirka. Tani waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu waaweyn ee kacdoonka dhici doona soo socda. Bishii Sebtembar 2000, hogaamiyaha mucaaradka ee xisbiga Likud , Ariel Sharon , ayaa booqasho firfircoon ku tagay Temple Mount, wuxuuna jeediyay khudbad muran badan dhalisay, taasoo ka cadhaysiisay Falastiiniyiinta reer Qudus . Xiisaddii waxay isu rogtay rabshado. Iskudhacyo dhiig ayaa ka dhacay hareeraha Yeruusaalem. Rabshadaha sii kordhaya ayaa sababay in la xiro Gegida Diyaaradaha ee magaalada Jerusalem , kaas oo aan shaqayn ilaa maanta. Rabshado badan oo u dhexeeya Yuhuuda iyo Carabta ayaa ka dhacay bishii Oktoobar 2000 gudaha Israa'iil. [[File:חומת מגן 21.jpg|thumb|Kaniisadda Dhalashada ee la hareereeyey 2002dii]] Isla bishaas, laba askari oo Israa'iiliyiin ah ayaa lagu dilay Ramallah . Intii u dhaxaysay Nofeembar iyo Disembar isku dhacyada u dhexeeya Falastiiniyiinta iyo Israa'iiliyiinta ayaa sii kordhay. Sannadkii 2001dii shir madaxeedka Taba ayaa dhex maray Israa'iil iyo Falastiin. Laakiin shirwaynaha ayaa ku guuldareystay inuu fuliyo, Ariel Sharon wuxuu noqday ra'iisul wasaare doorashadii 2001. Sannadkii 2001dii, weerarrada kooxaha Falastiiniyiinta ee ku wajahan Israa'iil ayaa kordhay. Gegida dayuuradaha ee Qaza ayaa lagu burburiyay duqayn cirka ah oo ay geysteen ciidamada Israa'iil 2001, iyaga oo isku sheegay in ay uga aargoosanayaan weerarradii hore ee Xamaas. Bishii Janaayo 2002, IDF Shayetet 13 kumaandooska badda waxay qabteen Karine A , oo ah xamuul siday hub ka yimid Iran una socday Israa'iil. Qaraarkii UNSC ee tirsigiisu ahaa 1397 ayaa la meel mariyay, kaas oo dib u xaqiijiya in xal laba dawladood ah la helo , isla markaana dhidibbada u taagay khariidadda nabadda . Weerar kale oo ay qaadeen Xamaas ayaa waxaa ku dhintay 30 qof .68​​​​​​​​​ Sannadkii 2002, Israa'iil waxay bilawday Hawlgalka Difaaca Difaaca ka dib xasuuqii Kormaridda . Dagaal culus oo u dhexeeya IDF iyo dagaalyahannada Falastiin ayaa ka dhacay Jenin . Kaniisadda Dhalashada waxaa go'doomiyay IDF hal usbuuc ilaa wadahadallo guul leh ay dhaceen , taasoo keentay in ciidamada Israa'iil laga saaro kaniisadda. Intii u dhaxaysay 2003 iyo 2004, dad ka soo jeeda qabiilka Qawasameh ee Xebroon ayaa la dilay ama isku qarxiyay is qarxin. Ariel Sharon wuxuu amar ku bixiyay in la dhiso xayndaabyo laga dhisayo dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ay maamusho iyo deegaamaynta Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed si looga hortago weeraro mustaqbalka. Saddaam Xuseen waxa uu taageero dhaqaale u fidiyay dagaalyahannada Falastiiniyiinta ee Ciraaq ka soo qaxay xilligii intifada, laga soo bilaabo 2000 ilaa la afgambiyay 2003. Waxa la soo jeediyay hindise nabadeed 2003, taas oo uu taageeray Carafaat oo uu diiday Sharon. Sannadkii 2004tii hogaamiyihii Xamaas iyo aasaasihii ururka Xamaas Axmed Yaasiin waxaa lagu dilay ciidamada Israa’iil ee Gaza. Yaasir Carafaat waxa uu ku xidhnaa xaruntiisa Ramallah. Noofambar 11, Yaasir Carafaat wuxuu ku dhintay Paris [[File:Demonstration against road block, Kafr Qaddum, March 2012 3.JPG|Mudaaharaad lagaga soo horjeedo jid-gooyo, Kafr Qaddum , March 2012]] Todobaadkii ugu horeeyey ee 2005, Maxamuud Cabbaas ayaa loo doortay inuu noqdo madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin. Sannadkii 2005, Israa'iil waxay si buuxda uga baxday Marinka Qaza iyagoo burburiyay degaannadii ay ku noolaayeen. Sannadkii 2005tii, xaaladdu waxay bilowday inay sii xumaato. Sannadkii 2006, Xamaas ayaa ku guulaysatay doorashooyinkii sharci dejinta ee Falastiin. Tani waxay keentay khilaaf siyaasadeed oo ka dhexeeya Fatah. Iska horimaad hubaysan ayaa ka dhacay guud ahaan Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza labadaba. Iska horimaadyadu waxay isu beddeleen dagaal sokeeye, kaasoo ku dhammaaday iska-horimaadyo dhiig badan ku daatay oo ka dhacay Marinka Qaza. Natiijo ahaan, Xamaas waxay gacanta ku dhigtay dhammaan dhulka Gaza. Boqolaal qof ayaa ku dhintay dagaalka sokeeye oo ay ku jiraan maleeshiyaad iyo dad rayid ah. Tan iyo markaas Xamaas waxay heshay madax-bannaani dheeraad ah hab-dhaqankeeda milatari. Tan iyo 2007, Israa'iil waxay hogaaminaysay go'doomin qayb ka mid ah Gaza. Shir madaxeed kale oo nabadeed ayaa waxaa soo qabanqaabiyay Jaamacadda Carabta 2007, iyadoo isla dalabkaas lagu soo bandhigay shirkii 2002. Si kastaba ha ahaatee geeddi-socodkii nabadeed wuu socon waayay. PNA waxay si buuxda u maamusho Marinka Gaza marka laga reebo xudduudaheeda, hawadeeda, iyo dhul-badeedkeeda ===Colaad sii socota=== [[File:Westbank Control & Access Restrictions Dec 2012.png|thumb|Degsiimooyinka Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed, 2012]] Kala qaybsanaanta u dhaxaysa Daanta Galbeed iyo Qaza waxay sii adkeysay dadaallada lagu doonayo in lagu gaaro midnimada Falastiin iyo in heshiis nabadeed oo dhamaystiran lala galo Israa'iil . Wareegyo badan oo dib-u-heshiisiin ah ayaa la qabtay, laakiin lama gaarin heshiis waara. Kala qaybsanaantu waxay kaloo caqabad ku noqotay in la dhiso dawlad midaysan oo falastiiniyiin ah, waxayna u horseedday hannaan dawladeed iyo siyaasado kala duwan oo labada dhul ah. Ka dib iskahorimaadkii Falastiiniyiinta ee 2006, Xamaas waxay la wareegtay gacan ku haynta Marinka Gaza (waxay hore u haysatay aqlabiyadda PLC), Fatah waxay la wareegtay maamulka Daanta Galbeed. Laga soo bilaabo 2007, Marinka Gaza waxaa maamuli jiray Xamaas, Daanta Galbeedna waxaa maamuli jiray xisbiga Fatax ee uu hoggaamiyo maamulka Falastiin. Dadaalka caalamiga ah ee dib u soo noolaynta geeddi-socodka nabadda ayaa sii socday. Mareykanka oo ay hogaaminayaan maamulo kala duwan ayaa sameeyay isku dayo kala duwan oo lagu doonayo in lagu dhexdhexaadiyo Israa’iil iyo Falastiiniyiinta. Caqabado la taaban karo sida ballaarinta dejinta, xaaladda Qudus, xudduudaha , iyo xaqa u noqoshada qaxootiga Falastiin , ayaa ahaa kuwo aan la xallin. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, hindisayaal diblomaasiyadeed ayaa soo baxay, oo ay ku jiraan heshiisyada caadiga ah ee u dhexeeya Israa'iil iyo dhowr waddan oo Carbeed , oo loo yaqaan heshiiskii Abraham . Heshiisyadan, inkastoo aan si toos ah looga hadlin iskahorimaadka Israel iyo Falastiin, waxay dib u habeyn ku sameeyeen dhaqdhaqaaqa gobolka waxayna keeneen su'aalo ku saabsan mustaqbalka rabitaanka Falastiin ee dawladnimada. Xaaladda hadda jirta ayaa weli ah mid caqabad ku ah Falastiiniyiinta, iyada oo arrimaha socda ee la qabsiga, ballaarinta dejinta, dhaqdhaqaaqa xaddidan, iyo dhibaatooyinka dhaqaale. Weeraro ay qaadeen kooxaha hubaysan ee Xamaas ay hogaamiso bishii Oktoobar 2023 ee Israa’iil waxaa xigay dagaalka Gaza . Dagaalku wuxuu sababay burbur baahsan, dhibaato bini'aadantinimo , iyo macaluul ka socota marinka Qaza. Inta badan dadka ayaa si qasab ah lagu barakiciyey . Dhowr hay'adood oo xuquuqul insaanka ah sida Amnesty International iyo B'Tselem , cilmi-baarisyo kala duwan oo xasuuq iyo sharci-yaqaanno caalami ah , iyo khubaro kale ayaa sheegaya in xasuuq uu ka socdo Gaza , inkastoo qaar taas ku muransan. Tan iyo bilowgii dagaalka, in ka badan 60,000 falastiiniyiin ah oo ku sugan Gaza ayaa lagu dilay , ku dhawaad ​​kala bar waa haween iyo caruur , iyo in ka badan 148,000 oo dhaawacmay. Daraasad lagu sameeyay The Lancet ayaa lagu qiyaasay dhimashada 64,260 ee Gaza ee dhaawacyada dhaawaca ah June 2024, iyada oo la xusayo dhimashada suurtagalka ah ee dhimashada marka "dadka aan tooska ahayn" lagu daro. Laga bilaabo Maajo 2025, tirada la midka ah ee dhimashada dhaawaca dhaawacyada waxay noqon doontaa 93,000. Waxaa sidoo kale jiray daadad dagaal oo ka dhacay Daanta Galbeed . ==Juqraafiga== [[File:פנורמה ירושלים22.jpg|thumb|Muuqaal magaalada oo casri ah oo ku yaal Yeruusaalem oo dhan , oo leh aragtida Temple Mount iyo Al Aqsa]] Juqraafiga [[File:Mt-Grizim-national-park-7920.jpg|thumb|Waxay ku taal agagaarka Nablus , Buur Gerizim waa goobta ugu quduusan ee reer Samaariya .]] Aagagga uu waddanku sheeganayo, ee loo yaqaan dhulalka falastiiniyiinta , waxay ku yaallaan Levant ee Koonfureed ee gobolka Bariga Dhexe . Falastiin waa qayb ka mid ah Bisha Barwaaqada ah , oo ay weheliso Israel, Urdun, Lubnaan, Ciraaq iyo Suuriya. Marinka Qaza waxa uu xaduud la leeyahay badda Mediterranean-ka galbeed, Masar oo dhanka koonfureed ah, iyo Israa'iil waqooyi iyo bari. Daanta Galbeed waxa xuddun u ah Urdun oo bari ka xigta, Israa'iilna waxa ay xuduud ka leedahay woqooyi, koonfur iyo galbeed. Falastiin waxay xuduud badeed la wadaagtaa Israa'iil , Masar iyo Qubrus . Haddaba, labada gole ee ka kooban dhulka ay sheeganayso Dawladda Falastiin ma laha xuduud juqraafi ah oo midba midka kale la leeyahay, oo ay kala qaybiso Israel. Meelahaasi waxay noqon doonaan dalka 163aad ee aduunka ugu wayn dhul ahaan . Daanta Galbeed waa gobol buuraley ah. Waxay u qaybsantaa saddex gobol, oo kala ah Buurta Nablus ( Jabal Nablus ), Buuraha Xebroon iyo Buuraha Qudus ( Jibal al-Qudus ). Buuraha Samaariya iyo Buuraha Yahuudda waa silsilado buuro ah oo ku yaal Daanta Galbeed, iyadoo Buur Nabi Yuunis ku taal joog dhan 1,030 mitir (3,380 ft) oo ku taal Gobolka Xebroon oo ah meesha ugu sarreysa. Ilaa qarnigii 19aad, Xebroon waxay ahayd magaalada ugu sarreysa Bariga Dhexe. Quddus waxay ku taal meel bannaan ah oo ku taal badhtamaha buuraha, waxaana ku hareeraysan dooxooyin. Dhulku wuxuu ka kooban yahay dooxooyin barwaaqo ah, sida dooxada Yesreceel iyo dooxada webiga Urdun . Falastiin waxay hoy u tahay geedka saytuunka ee ugu weyn adduunka, oo ku yaal Jerusalem. Qiyaastii 45% dhulka Falastiin waxa u heellan beerista geedaha saytuunka. Falastiin waxay leedahay harooyin iyo wabiyo muhiim ah kuwaas oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara juqraafiyada iyo hab-nololeedkeeda. Webiga Urdun wuxuu u socdaa dhinaca koonfureed, isagoo ka dhigaya qayb ka mid ah xudduudda bari ee Falastiin wuxuuna sii maraa badda Galili ka hor inta uusan gaarin badda dhintay. Marka loo eego caadooyinka Masiixiyiinta, waa goobtii baabtiiska Ciise . Badda Dhimatay , oo xuduud la leh bariga dalka waa meesha ugu hooseeya dhulka. Jericho , oo ku taal meel u dhow, waa magaalada ugu hooseysa adduunka. Tuulooyinka iyo xaafadaha ku hareeraysan Yeruusaalem ayaa hoy u ah biyo qadiimi ah. Dalka waxa ku yaal dhawr dooxood oo wabiyo ah . Marin-biyoodyadani waxay bixiyaan agabka lagama maarmaanka u ah beeraha iyo madadaalada iyagoo taageeraya nidaamyada deegaanka ee kala duwan. Saddex dhul-beereedka ayaa laga helay aagga: Bariga Mediterranean-ka conifer-sclerophyllous-kaynta-broadleaf , lamadegaanka Carabta , iyo saxaraha geedaha Mesobotaamiya . Falastiin waxay leedahay dhowr arrimood oo deegaanka ah; Arrimaha ku wajahan marinka Qaza waxaa ka mid ah xaalufka ; cusbada biyaha cusub; daaweynta bulaacadaha ; cudurada ka dhasha biyaha ; xaalufka ciidda ; iyo xaalufka iyo wasakhaynta kheyraadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa. Daanta Galbeed, arrimo badan oo isku mid ah ayaa khuseeya; inkastoo biyaha macaan ay aad u badan yihiin, helitaankooda waxaa xaddiday khilaafka socda . ===Cimilada=== Heerkulka Falastiin aad buu u kala duwan yahay. Cimilada ku taal Daanta Galbeed inta badan waa Mediterranean-ka , wax yar ka qabow meelaha sare marka loo eego xeebta, galbeed ilaa aagga. Dhanka bari, Daanta Galbeed waxaa ku jira inta badan saxaraha Yahuudda oo ay ku jiraan xeebta galbeed ee Badda Dhimatay, oo lagu garto cimilada qalalan iyo kulul. Qasa waxay leedahay cimilo kuleyl badheed-oomane ah ( Köppen : BS) oo leh jiilaal khafiif ah iyo kulayl qalalan. Gu'gu wuxuu yimaadaa qiyaastii Maarso-Abriil. Bilaha ugu kulul waa Julaay iyo Agoosto, iyadoo celceliska sare uu yahay 33 °C (91 °F). Bisha ugu qabow waa Janaayo, iyadoo heerkulku caadiyan yahay 7 ° C (45 ° F). Roobabku waa yar yihiin waxayna guud ahaan da'aan inta u dhaxaysa Noofembar iyo Maarso. Roobabka sannadlaha ah waa qiyaastii 4.57 inji (116 mm). ===Kala duwanaanshaha noolaha=== [[File:Camel - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Geela ku sugan Saxaraha Yahuudda]] Falastiin ma laha jardiinooyin qaran oo si rasmi ah loo aqoonsan yahay ama meelo la ilaaliyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa jira meelo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed oo loo tixgaliyo inay leeyihiin muhiimad deegaan iyo dhaqan waxaana lagu maareeyaa dedaallo ilaalin ah. Meelahan waxaa badanaa loo yaqaan kaydka dabiiciga ah ama aagagga la ilaaliyo. Waxay ku taal meel u dhow Jericho oo ku taal Daanta Galbeed, Wadi Qelt waa dooxo saxare ah oo leh dhir iyo xayawaan gaar ah. Kaydka waxaa lagu yaqaanaa muuqaalkiisa qallafsan, ilo dabiici ah, iyo goobo taariikhi ah sida Monastery St. George . Waxaa la sameeyay dadaal lagu ilaalinayo kala duwanaanshaha noolaha iyo quruxda dabiiciga ah ee deegaanka. Saxaraha Yahuudda waxa loo yaqaan Geela Yahuudda. Beerta lagu xanaaneeyo ee Qalqilya ee ku taal gobolka Qalqily , waa beerta kaliya ee hadda ka hawlgasha dalka. Xayawaanka Xayawaanka ee Gaza ayaa loo xiray xaalad xumo awgeed. Dawladda Israa'iil waxay deegaanka C ka samaysay jardiinooyin kala duwan oo qaran , kuwaas oo loo arko sharci-darro marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah . ==Dowladda iyo siyaasadda== [[File:Mahmoud Abbas 2026-01-22.jpg|thumb|Madaxweyne Maxamuud Cabaas]] [[File:Mohammad Mustafa January 2025.jpg|thumb|Ra'iisul Wasaare Maxamed Mustafa]] [[File:Ramallah PLC.jpg|thumb|Golaha Sharci-dejinta ee Falastiin , oo ay degan yihiin baarlamaanka Falastiin]] [[File:Mausoleo Arafat (Muqata, Ramallah) 02.JPG|thumb|Mowliidka Yaasir Carafaat oo ku taal xarunta dhexe ee maamulka Falastiin ee Ramallah]] Falastiin waxay ku shaqaysaa nidaam dawladeed oo badh-madaxweyne ah . Dalku wuxuu ka kooban yahay hay'ado xiriir la leh Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin (PLO), oo ay ku jiraan Madaxweynaha Dawladda Falastiin , oo uu magacaabo Golaha Dhexe ee Falastiiniyiinta , Golaha Qaranka Falastiin , iyo Guddiga Fulinta ee Ururka Xoreynta Falastiin , oo qabta hawlaha dawladda ee dibad - baxa ilaalinta shabakad xiriir shisheeye oo ballaaran. PLO waxa ay isugu jiraan dhowr xisbi siyaasadeed. Kuwani waa in laga soocaa Madaxweynaha Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin , Golaha Sharci-dejinta ee Falastiin, iyo Golaha Xukuumadda PNA ,kuwaas oo dhammaantood ku xiran yihiin Maamulka Qaranka ee Falastiiniyiinta (PNA). Dukumeentiga aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin waa Baaqa Falastiin ee Madax-bannaanida, kaas oo ah in laga sooco PLO Axdiga Qaranka Falastiin ee aan la xidhiidhin iyo Sharciga Aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin PNA . Dawladda Falastiin waxa ay u qaybsantaa laba qaybood oo kala ah – Maamulka Falastiiniyiinta oo ay maamusho Fatah, oo qayb ahaan gacanta ku haysa Daanta Galbeed, iyo Marinka Gaza, oo ay gacanta ku hayso kooxda xagjirka ah ee Xamaas. Fatah waa xisbi cilmaani ah oo uu aasaasay Yaasir Carafaat, xiriir wanaagsanna la leh quwadaha reer galbeedka. Dhanka kale Xamaas waa koox mintidiin ah oo ku dhisan wadaniyad iyo fikir Islaami ah oo falastiiniyiin ah oo ay dhiiri galiyeen Ikhwaanul Muslimiin . Xamaas ayaa xiriir xun la leh Mareykanka, balse waxay taageero ka heshaa Iran. Front Popular for the Liberation of Palestine waa xisbi kale oo caan ah oo cilmaani ah, kaas oo uu aasaasay George Habash . Mahmoud Abbas waa madaxweynaha dalka tan iyo 2005. Mohammad Shtayyeh wuxuu ahaa ra'iisul wasaaraha Falastiin, oo is casilay 2024. Sanadkii 2024, Mohammad Mustafa ayaa loo magacaabay ra'iisul wasaaraha cusub ee dalka, ka dib markii uu iska casilay Shtayyeh. Yahya Sinwar waxa uu ahaa hoggaamiyihii xukuumadda Xamaas ee Marinka Gaza ka hor dhimashadiisa Oktoobar 2024. Sida laga soo xigtay Freedom House , PNA waxay u maamushaa Falastiin hab kali-talisnimo ah , oo ay ku jiraan caburinta dhaqdhaqaaqayaasha iyo saxafiyiinta dhaleeceeya dawladda. Quddus oo ay ku jirto Haram ash-Shariif , waxaa caasimad u ah Falastiin oo ay Israa’iil haysato . Xarunta ku meel gaarka ah ee maamulka waxay ku taal Ramallah , oo 10 km u jirta Jerusalem. Muqata waxay martigelisaa wasaaradaha gobolka iyo xafiisyada wakiillada. Sannadkii 2000, dhismo dawladeed ayaa laga dhisay xaafadda Jerusalem ee Abu Dis , si uu u shaqeeyo xafiiska Yaasir Carafaat iyo baarlamaanka Falastiin. Tan iyo intifada labaad , xaaladda magaaladu waxay ka dhigtay goobtan mid aan ku habboonayn inay u shaqeyso caasimad ahaan, si ku meel gaar ah ama si joogto ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maamulka falastiiniyiintu waxay ku adkaysteen joogitaankooda magaalada. Iyadoo qaybo yar oo magaalada ka mid ah ay sidoo kale gacanta ku hayaan Falastiiniyiinta, dalal badanna ay qunsuliyadooda ku leeyihiin magaalada Qudus ===Qaybaha maamulka=== [[File:West Bank and Gaza Strip location map.svg|thumb|Maamullada Falastiiniyiinta (rasmiga ah)]] [[File:Zones A and B in the occupied Palestinian territories.svg|thumb|Dhulka Falastiin ee ay maamusho]] Dawladda Falastiin waxay u qaybsantaa lix iyo toban qaybood oo maamul . Maamul goboleedyada ku yaal daanta galbeed ayaa loo qaybiyay saddex qaybood sida uu dhigayo heshiiskii Oslo II . Aagga A wuxuu ka kooban yahay 18% Daanta Galbeed marka loo eego aagga, waxaana maamula dawladda Falastiin. Aagga B wuxuu ka kooban yahay 22% ee Daanta Galbeed, wuxuuna hoos yimaadaa xukunka madaniga ah ee Falastiin, iyo xakamaynta amniga ee Israel-Falastiin. Aagga C , marka laga reebo Bariga Jerusalem, wuxuu ka kooban yahay 60% Daanta Galbeed, waxaana maamula Maamulka Madaniga ah ee Israa'iil . Dawladda Falastiin waxay siisaa adeegyada waxbarashada iyo caafimaadka 150,000 Falastiiniyiinta ah ee aagga, habayn lagu heshiiyey heshiiskii Oslo II ee hoggaanka Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta. In ka badan 99% ee Aagga C ayaa ka mamnuuc ah Falastiiniyiinta, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay welwelka amniga oo waa qodob wada xaajoodka socda. Waxaa jira ilaa 330,000 Israa'iiliyiin ah oo ku nool degsiimooyinka Aagga C. Dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee hadda hoos yimaada maamulka Falastiiniyiinta ee casaanka ah ( Aagagga A iyo B ; oo aan ku jirin Marinka Gaza, oo hoos yimaada xukunka Hamas). [[File:Palestine election map.PNG|thumb|Maamulada Falastiin]] Bariga Jerusalem, oo ka kooban degmada Quddus ee qaybta bari ka hor 1967, oo ay weheliso aag muhiim ah oo ka mid ah Daanta Galbeed ee ka hor 1967 ee ay Israa'iil xadaysay 1967, ayaa loo maamulaa iyada oo qayb ka ah degmada Jerusalem ee Israa'iil. Waxaa sheegtay Falastiin oo qayb ka ah Maamulka Jerusalem . Waxaa si wax ku ool ah u raacay Israa'iil 1967, iyada oo la adeegsanayo sharciga Israa'iil, xukunka iyo maamulka ee hoos yimaada sharciga 1948 ee wax laga beddelay ujeedada, tan la sheegay in ku darista si dastuuri ah loo xaqiijiyay (macnaha) Sharciga Aasaasiga ah: Jerusalem 1980 , laakiin ku darsigan ma aqoonsana waddan kale. Sannadkii 2010-kii, 456,000 oo qof oo ku nool Bariga Jerusalem, qiyaastii 60% waxay ahaayeen Falastiiniyiin iyo 40% waxay ahaayeen Israa'iil. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, laga soo bilaabo dabayaaqadii 2000-meeyadii, Barwaaqada Amniga ee Daanta Galbeed ee Israa'iil ayaa si wax ku ool ah dib ugu daray tobanaan kun oo Falastiiniyiin ah oo sita kaararka aqoonsiga Israa'iil ee Daanta Galbeed, taasoo ka dhigaysa Bariga Jerusalem xayndaabka iyada oo aqlabiyad yar oo Israa'iil ah (60%). Sida uu dhigayo heshiiskii Oslo, Jerusalem waxaa la soo jeediyay in lagu daro wada xaajoodyada mustaqbalka. Sida ay sheegtay Israa’iil, heshiiskii Oslo waxa uu mamnuucayaa in maamulka Falastiin uu ka shaqeeyo magaalada Qudus. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaybo ka mid ah Quddus, xaafadahaas oo ku yaalla meel ka baxsan magaaladii hore ee taariikhiga ahayd, balse qayb ka ah Bariga Quddus, ayaa loo qoondeeyey maamulka Falastiiniyiinta. ===Xiriirka dibadda=== Xidhiidhka dibadeed waxa lagu ilaaliyaa hab dhismeedka wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda . Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu matalaa Dawladda Falastiin waxayna safaarado ku leeyihiin wadamada aqoonsan. Waxa kale oo ay uga qaybgashaa ururada caalamiga ah xubin ahaan, wehel ama goob-jooge ahaan. Xaaladaha qaarkood, sababtoo ah ilo is khilaafaya, way adagtahay in la go'aamiyo haddii ka qaybqaadashadu ay tahay magaca Dawladda Falastiin, PLO oo ah hay'ad aan dawli ahayn, ama Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin (PNA). Vatican-ku waxay aqoonsi u wareejisay Dawladda Falastiin bishii Maajo 2015, ka dib codbixintii Qaramada Midoobay ee 2012 . Isbeddelkan wuxuu la jaan qaadayaa aragtida Quduuska ah ee booska kobcinta. [[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi and the President of the State of Palestine, Mr. Mahmoud Abbas, at the joint Press meet, at Ramallah, Palestine on February 10, 2018 (2).jpg|Raiisel wasaaraha Hindiya Narendra Modi iyo Mahmoud Abbas oo ku sugan Ramallah sanadka 2018]] Hadda, 146 dal oo ka tirsan Qaramada Midoobay (75%) waxay aqoonsan yihiin Dawladda Falastiin. Inkastoo qaarkood aysan aqoonsanayn, haddana waxay PLO u aqoonsan yihiin inay tahay wakiilka dadka Falastiiniyiinta. Guddiga fulinta ee PLO waxa uu u shaqeeyaa sidii dawladda oo kale, waxaana awood u siinaya PNC.  Waa xubin buuxda oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Carabta , Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka iyo Midowga Badda Mediterranean-ka . Sweden ayaa sanadkii 2013 qaaday tallaabo muhiim ah iyadoo sare u qaadaysa maqaamka xafiiska wakiilka Falastiiniyiinta oo ay ka dhigtay safaarad buuxda. Waxay noqdeen waddankii ugu horreeyay ee xubin ka ah Midowga Yurub oo ka baxsan ururkii shuuciga ahaa ee si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday Dawlada Xubnaha ururka Jaamacadda Carabta iyo xubnaha ururka iskaashiga Islaamka ayaa si weyn u taageeray mowqifka dalkaas ee colaadda Israa'iil .Iran waxa ay xulafo xooggan la ahayd Falastiin tan iyo kacdoonkii Islaamiga ahaa , waxayna taageero millatari u fidisay fedayeenka Falastiin iyo kooxaha mintidka ah, oo ay ku jiraan Xamaas iyada oo loo marayo Axis of Resistance , oo ay ku jiraan isbahaysiga milatari ee dawladaha iyo fallaagada Ciraaq ,  Suuriya , Lubnaan iyo Yemen . Hamas sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah dhidibka iska caabinta. Xataa ka hor intaysan soo shaac bixin iska caabin Islaami ah oo ay Iran taageerto Ciraaq , Ciraaq waxa ay si weyn u taageeri jirtay Falastiin markii ay hoos imanaysay dawladdii Bacathiyiinta ee Saddaam Xuseen . Turkiga waa taageeraha Xamaas Qatar waxay ahayd taageere dhaqaale oo muhiim ah waxayna martigelisay hogaamiyayaasha Hamas. Sannadkii 1988, iyada oo qayb ka ah codsigii ahaa in lagu ogolaado UNESCO, qoraal sharraxaad ah ayaa la diyaariyey oo lagu taxay 92 dawladood oo aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin, oo ay ku jiraan labadaba Carabta iyo kuwa aan Carabta ahayn sida Hindiya.  : 19  Markii ay xulafo xooggan la ahayd Falastiin , Hindiya waxay xoojisay xidhiidhka ay la leedahay Israa'iil tan iyo 1991.  Mucamar Al-Qadaafi ee Liibiya waxa uu ahaa taageere madax-bannaanida falastiiniyiinta, waxaana loo raadinayey dhex-dhexaadiye colaadda Carabta iyo Israa’iil, markii uu soo bandhigay yabooh nabadeed oo hal waddan ah oo uu cinwaan uga dhigay Israa’iil sannadkii 2000 . Intii uu socday dagaalkii sokeeye ee Sri Lanka , PLO waxa ay tababar siisay fallaagada Tamil si ay ula dagaalamaan dowladda Sri Lanka .  Jamhuuriyadda Ireland , Venezuela iyo Koonfur Afrika waa xulafada siyaasadeed ee Falastiin waxayna si adag ugu ololeeyeen in la aasaaso Falastiin madaxbannaan. Natiijadii dagaalka socda waxaa kordhay taageerada dalka. Tan iyo markii Israa’iil ay duulaanka ku qaaday Qaza , dalal badan oo taageera Falastiiniyiinta ayaa si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday dalkaasi. Tan waxaa ku jira Armenia , Spain , Norway , Bahamas , Jamaica , Barbados iyo Trinidad and Tobago ===Heerka iyo aqoonsiga=== Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO) wuxuu ku dhawaaqay aasaaska Dawladda Falastiin 15-kii Noofambar 1988. Waxaa jira aragtiyo kala duwan oo ku saabsan xaaladda sharci ee Dawladda Falastiin, labadaba dawladaha caalamiga ah iyo culimada sharciga.  Jiritaanka dowlad Falastiin waxaa aqoonsan dowladaha la sameeyay xiriir diblomaasiyadeed oo laba geesood ah. ishii Janaayo 2015, Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Dambiyada waxay xaqiijisay xaaladda Falastiin "Dawlad" ka dib markii ay aqoonsatay kormeerayaasha Qaramada Midoobay,  tallaabo ay cambaareeyeen hoggaamiyeyaasha Israa'iil oo ah nooc ka mid ah "argagixiso diblomaasiyadeed".  Bishii Disembar 2015, Golaha loo dhan yahay ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa meel mariyay qaraar ay ku dalbanayaan madaxbannaanida Falastiiniyiinta ee kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dhulka la haysto. Waxay ugu yeertay Israa'iil inay joojiso dhiig-miirashada iyo waxyeelada iyadoo la siinayo Falastiiniyiinta xaqa ay u leeyihiin inay soo celiyaan. Sannadkii 1988-kii, Qaraarkii 43/177 waxa aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin ku dhawaaqida madaxbanaanida . Sannadkii 2012, Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuu soo saaray Qaraar tirsigiisu yahay 67/19 , siinaya Falastiin " dal aan xubin ka ahayn goobjoogeyaal " status , si wax ku ool ah loogu aqoonsado dal madax-bannaan .  Bishii Agoosto 2015, wakiilada Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa soo bandhigay qaraar qabyo ah oo u oggolaanaya wadamada aan xubinta ka ahayn goobjoogayaasha Falastiin iyo Quduuska Quduuska ah inay calankooda ka taagaan xarunta Qaramada Midoobay. Markii hore, Falastiiniyiintu waxay soo bandhigeen hindisahooda sidii dadaal wadajir ah oo ay la leeyihiin Seefta Quduuska ah, taas oo ay Quduuska ah beenisay. Warqad uu u diray Xoghayaha Guud iyo Madaxweynaha Golaha Guud, Safiirka Israa'iil ee UN Ron Prosor wuxuu ugu yeeray tallaabada "ku-takri-falka kale ee UN-ka ... si loo helo dhibco siyaasadeed". Kadib codeynta, oo 119 cod u qaadeen 8 iyadoo 45 dal ay ka aamuseen, Safiirka Mareykanka Samantha Power ayaa sheegtay in "kor u qaadista calanka Falastiin aysan isu soo dhaweyn doonin Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta".  Afhayeenka Waaxda Arrimaha Dibedda ee Maraykanka Mark Toner ayaa ku tilmaamay "isku day aan faa'iido lahayn" oo lagu raadinayo sheegashooyinka dawlad-goboleedka oo ka baxsan heshiis wada-xaajood ah.  Xafladda lafteeda, Xoghayaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay, Ban Ki-Moon ayaa sheegay in munaasabaddan ay tahay "maalin ay ku faani karaan dadka reer Falastiin ee ku nool dunida oo dhan, waa maalin rajo ah", wuxuuna ku dhawaaqay "Hadda waa waqtigii dib loo soo celin lahaa kalsoonida labada Israel iyo Falastiiniyiinta si loo helo heshiis nabadeed iyo, ugu dambeyntii, xaqiijinta laba dawladood oo laba shacab ah." ===Aqoonsiga caalamiga ah=== [[File:Palestine recognition only.svg|thumb|Dawladda Falastiin Waddamada aqoonsaday Falastiin Wadamada ku dhawaaqay inay dhawaan aqoonsan doonaan Falastiin ( France Malta , Portugal , San Marino , Australia ) Wadamada ku dhawaaqay shuruudahooda, aqoonsiga soo socda ee Falastiin ( United Kingdom , CanadaWadamada aan aqoonsaneyn Falastiin]] Dawladda Falastiin waxa aqoonsaday 146 ka mid ah 193-ka xubnood ee Qaramada Midoobay tan iyo 2012-kii waxa ay lahayd xaalad ah waddan aan xubin ka ahayn kormeerayaasha Qaramada Midoobay. Xaaladdan xaddidan waxaa inta badan sabab u ah xaqiiqda ah in Maraykanka , oo ah xubin joogta ah oo ka tirsan Golaha Ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay oo leh awoodda diidmada qayaxan, uu si joogto ah u isticmaalo diidmada qayaxan ama ku hanjabay inuu sidaas sameeyo si uu u xannibo xubinnimada Falastiin ee buuxda ee Qaramada Midoobay. On 29 November 2012, in a 138-9 cod (iyada 41 ka aamuseen iyo 5 maqan), Golaha Guud ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa soo saaray qaraarka 67/19 , kor u Falastiin ka "xub goobjooge" in a " non-xubin goobjooge ah gobolka " gudaha nidaamka Qaramada Midoobay , kaas oo lagu tilmaamay aqoonsiga PLO. Xaaladda Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay waxay u dhigantaa tan Quduuska ah . Qaramada Midoobay waxa ay u ogolaatay Falastiin in ay ku magacawdo xafiiskeeda wakiilka Qaramada Midoobay oo ah "Howlgalka Joogtada ah ee Joogtada ah ee Dawladda Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay". Falastiin waxay ku amartay dublamaasiyiinteeda inay si rasmi ah u matalaan "Dawladda Falastiin" - oo aan hadda ahayn Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin. On 17 December 2012, Madaxa Hab-maamuuska Qaramada Midoobay Yeocheol Yoon ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in "magacaabidda 'State of Palestine' waxaa loo isticmaali doonaa by Xoghaynta dhammaan waraaqaha rasmiga ah ee Qaramada Midoobay", sidaas darteed aqoonsanaya cinwaanka 'State of Falastiin' sida magaca rasmiga ah ee gobolka ee dhammaan ujeedooyinka Qaramada Midoobay. 21kii Diisambar 2012, qoraal Qaramada Midoobay ah ayaa ka hadlay ereybixin habboon oo la isticmaalo ka dib GA 67/19. Waxaa lagu xusay in aysan jirin wax caqabad ah oo dhanka sharciga ah oo ku wajahan adeegsiga magacaabista Falastiin si ay u tixraacdo aagga juqraafi ee dhulka Falastiin. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxaa lagu macneeyay in sidoo kale aysan jirin wax xannibaya isticmaalka ereyga "Dhulka Falastiin ee la haysto oo ay ku jirto Bariga Jerusalem" ama erey-bixinno kale oo la mid ah sida caadada u ah Golaha. Laga bilaabo 21-kii Maarso 2025, 147 ( 76.2%) 193 ka waddan ee xubnaha ka ah Qaramada Midoobay ayaa aqoonsaday Dawladda Falastiin . Qaar badan oo ka mid ah wadamada aan aqoonsanayn Dawladda Falastiin si kastaba ha ahaatee waxay PLO u aqoonsan yihiin "wakiilka dadka Falastiiniyiinta ". Guddiga Fulinta ee PLO waxaa awood u siinaya Golaha Qaranka Falastiin si ay u qabtaan hawlaha dawladda ee Gobolka Falastiin. 2dii Abriil 2024, Riyad Mansour , oo ah safiirka Falastiin ee Qaramada Midoobay, ayaa codsaday in Golaha Ammaanku uu tixgeliyo codsiga xubinnimada ee la cusboonaysiiyay. Laga bilaabo Abriil 7 xubnood oo ka tirsan UNSC waxay aqoonsan yihiin Falastiin laakiin Maraykanku wuxuu muujiyay inuu ka soo horjeedo codsigaas waxaana intaa dheer, sharciga Maraykanku wuxuu dhigayaa in dhaqaalaha Maraykanku uu ka gooyo Qaramada Midoobay haddii ay dhacdo aqoonsi buuxa haddii aan la helin heshiis Israel iyo Falastiin. 18kii Abriil, Maraykanku wuxuu diidey qaraar Qaramada Midoobay si weyn loo taageeray kaas oo u ogolaan lahaa Falastiin inay xubin buuxda ka tahay Qaramada Midoobay. Qaraarka UNGA ee May 2024 wuxuu dhaqan galay shirweynaha guud ee 2024. Qaraarkan oo aqoonsaday in Falastiin ay xaq u leedahay inay xubin buuxda ka noqoto, ayaa sidoo kale xaq u siinaya Falastiiniyiinta inay soo gudbiyaan soo jeedinta iyo wax ka bedelka iyo in Falastiin loo ogolaado inay la fadhiistaan ​​dalalka kale ee xubnaha ka ah golaha. ===Milatari=== [[File:25th anniversary of Hamas (13).jpg|thumb|Sanadguuradii 25aad ee Xamaas oo ka dhacday Gaza, 2012]] Hay’adda Nabadsugidda Falastiin waxay ka kooban tahay ciidamada qalabka sida iyo hay’adaha sirdoonka, kuwaas oo la aas aasay intii lagu jiray heshiiskii Oslo. Shaqadoodu waa ilaalinta amniga gudaha iyo ilaalinta sharciga meelaha PA ay maamusho. Uma hawlgalo sidii ciidan hubaysan oo dal madax banaan. Heshiiskii Oslo ka hor, PLO waxay hogaamisay jabhad hubaysan oo ka soo horjeeday Israa'iil, oo ay ku jiraan isbahaysiga kooxaha xagjirka ah oo ay ku jiraan laanteeda milatariga - Ciidanka Xoraynta Falastiin . Tan iyo heshiisyadii 1993-1995, waxay ahayd mid aan shaqayn oo waxay ka shaqaysaa oo keliya Suuriya. Fedayeenka Falastiin waa dagaalyahannada Falastiiniyiinta iyo ciidamada jabhadda. Falastiiniyiintu waxay u haystaan ​​"dagaalyahan xornimo doon" iyo "argagixiso" Israa'iiliyiinta. Xamaas waxay isu haysataa inay tahay ciidan madax-bannaan, oo ka awood iyo saamayn badan PSF, oo ay weheliyaan ururrada kale ee mayalka adag sida Islamic Jihad (Al-Quds Bridage). Waa ciidan jabhad ah, oo ay taageerayaan Iran, Qatar iyo Turkiga. Sida laga soo xigtay CIA World Factbook, Guutada Qassam waxay leeyihiin 20,000 ilaa 25,000 xubnood, inkastoo tiradan lagu muransan yahay. Ka bixitaanka Israel ee 2005 ee Gaza waxay siisay Hamas fursad ay ku horumariyaan garabkeeda militari. Iran iyo Hezbollah ayaa hub sharci darro ah u soo galiyay Xamaas iyaga oo sii mara gacanka Sinai Peninsula iyaga oo sii maray Suudaan iyo Liibiya iyo sidoo kale dhinaca badda. Tababar millatari oo xoog leh iyo hub uruursi ayaa u oggolaaday Xamaas in ay si tartiib tartiib ah u abaabulaan cutubyo goboleed oo waaweyn sida guutooyin ka kooban 2,500–3,500 dagaalyahan midkiiba. Tan iyo 2020, dhoolatus wadajir ah oo lala sameeyay kooxaha kale ee ka dagaalama Gaza sida Falastiin Islamic Jihad (PIJ) waxay caadeysteen unugyo si ay ugu shaqeeyaan qaab isku dubaridan, taageera taliska iyo xakamaynta Hamas, waxayna fududeeyeen iskaashiga Xamaas iyo kooxaha yaryar. Dadaallada noocan oo kale ah waxay si dhab ah u bilowdeen sannadkii 2007-dii, markii Xamaas ay la wareegtay awoodda Marinka Gaza. Iran ayaa tan iyo markii ay Xamaas siisay agab iyo aqoon ay ku dhisto gantaallo waaweyn, iyadoo in ka badan 10,000 oo gantaallo ah iyo madaafiic lagu garaacay dagaalka hadda socda. Caawinta Iran, Xamaas waxay samaysay wax soo saar gantaallo gudaha ah oo xooggan oo u adeegsada tuubooyinka, fiilooyinka korantada, iyo agabka kale ee maalinlaha ah ee wax soo saarka la hagaajiyay. ===Sharciga iyo amniga=== Dawladda Falastiin waxay leedahay tiro ciidamo ah oo ammaan ah, oo ay ku jiraan Booliska madaniga ah , Ciidamada Ammaanka Qaranka iyo Adeegyada Sirdoonka, oo leh shaqada ilaalinta amniga iyo ilaalinta muwaadiniinta Falastiiniyiinta iyo Dawladda Falastiin. Dhammaan ciidamadan ayaa qayb ka ah hay’adaha ammaanka Falastiiniyiinta . PSF ayaa ugu horrayn mas'uul ka ah ilaalinta amniga gudaha, fulinta sharciga, iyo howlgallada ka hortagga argagixisanimada ee meelaha ay maamusho maamulka Falastiin. Ciidanka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLA) waa ciidanka joogtada ah ee Ururka Xoraynta Falastiin (PLO). Waxaa la aasaasay sannadihii ugu horreeyay ee dhaqdhaqaaqa qaranka Falastiin, laakiin inta badan waxay ahayd mid aan firfircoonayn tan iyo heshiiskii Oslo. PLA doorkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay noqoto ciidan caadi ah laakiin waxay u wareegtay door astaan ​​iyo door siyaasadeed. ==Dhaqaalaha== Falastiin waxa ay IMF ku tilmaantay in ay tahay waddan dakhligoodu dhexe yahay iyo mid soo koraya. Sannadkii 2023, GDP-ga waddanku wuxuu ahaa $40 bilyan iyo qofkiiba ilaa $4,500. Xaaladdeeda lagu muransan yahay awgeed, xaaladda dhaqaale ayaa saamaysay. Sii daynta kaarboon-dioxide waxay ahayd 0.6 metric ton qofkiiba 2010. Sannadkii 2011, heerka saboolnimada Falastiin wuxuu ahaa 25.8%. Sida lagu sheegay warbixin cusub oo uu soo saaray Bangiga Adduunka , kobaca dhaqaalaha Falastiin ayaa la filayaa inuu jilco sanadka 2023. Dhaqaalaha Falastiin wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay gargaarka caalamiga ah , xawaaladaha Falastiiniyiinta iyo warshadaha maxalliga ah. [[File:Rawabi - industrial area.jpg|thumb|Dhismaha Rawabi iyo agagaarka warshadaha]] Sida lagu sheegay warbixin uu soo saaray Bangiga Adduunka , saamaynta dhaqaale ee siyaasadda xidhitaanka Israa’iil ayaa ahayd mid qoto dheer, taasoo si toos ah uga qayb qaadatay hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaalaha, shaqo la’aanta baahsan, iyo kor u kaca faqriga tan iyo bilowgii Intifada Labaad ee Sebtembar 2000 . Xayiraadahani waxay si ba'an u hakiyeen kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo horumarka gobolka. Ka dib Dagaalkii Gaza ee 2014 , halkaas oo dhismayaal badan ay waxyeeloobeen ama burburiyeen, socodka dhismaha iyo alaabta ceeriin ee Gaza ayaa si aad ah loo xaddiday. Dhoofinta joogtada ah ee gobolka ayaa gebi ahaanba la joojiyay, taas oo uga sii dareysa caqabadaha dhaqaale ee soo food saaray dadweynaha. [[File:Flickr - Israel Defense Forces - Gaza by Night.jpg|thumb|Gaza ka hor dagaalkii 2023]] Mid ka mid ah tallaabooyinka culeyska leh ee ay Israa'iil soo rogtay ayaa ah nidaamka "dib-u-celinta" ee lagu dhaqan geliyo meelaha laga gudbo ee gudaha dhulka Falastiiniyiinta . Siyaasaddani waxay ku khasabtaa alaab-qeybiyeyaasha inay badeecadahooda ka dejiyaan oo ay dib ugu raraan hal baabuur oo kale, taasoo keentay kharashaad gaadiid oo aad u badan iyo waqti dheer oo ay ku sii maraan badeecadaha la dhammeeyey iyo alaabta ceeriin. Kharashyadan dheeraadka ah waxay sii carqaladeynayaan kobaca dhaqaalaha iyo jiritaanka. Sida uu dhigayo 1995 Oslo II Accord , waxaa lagu heshiiyey in maamulka Aagga C lagu wareejiyo maamulka Falastiiniyiinta 18 bilood gudahood, marka laga reebo arrimaha lagu go'aaminayo heshiiska heerka kama dambaysta ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Israa'iil waxay ku guuldareysatay inay fuliso waajibaadkeeda ku xusan heshiiskii Oslo, taasoo muujineysa baahida degdegga ah ee xisaabtanka iyo soo afjarida isla xisaabtan la'aanta. Komishanka Yurub ayaa muujiyay saamaynta xun ee xannibaadda West Bank ee Israa'iil , iyada oo ku qiyaastay in ay keentay saboolnimada dhaqaale ee sanadlaha ah ee Falastiiniyiinta 2-3% ee GDP. Intaa waxaa dheer, tirada sii kordheysa ee xiritaanka gudaha iyo dibedda ayaa sii socota inay saameyn xun ku yeelato rajada laga qabo soo kabashada dhaqaalaha gobolka. Sannadkii 2015, saamaynta dhaqaale ee isticmaalka sharci darrada ah ee Israa’iil ee khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Falastiin waxa si muxaafid ah loogu qiyaasay US$1.83 bilyan, oo u dhiganta 22% GDP-ga Falastiin sannadkaas. Warbixinta 2015 ee Bangiga Adduunka, qaybta wax soo saarka ee GDP ayaa hoos uga dhacday 19% ilaa 10 % inta u dhaxaysa saxeexa Heshiisyada Oslo ilaa 2011 . 22% ilaa GDP Falastiin. Warbixintu waxay xustay in Israa'iil iyo Urdun ay si wada jir ah u soo saaraan $4.2 bilyan sannadkii iibka alaabtan, taasoo ka dhigan 6% sahayda potash-ka caalamiga ah iyo 73% wax soo saarka bromine-ka caalamiga ah. Guud ahaan, haddii Falastiiniyiintu ay si aan xaddidnayn u heli lahaayeen dhulkooda ee Aagga 'C', faa'iidooyinka dhaqaale ee Falastiin waxay kordhin karaan 35% GDP, oo gaaraya ugu yaraan $3.4 bilyan sannadkii. Sidoo kale, xayiraadaha biyuhu waxay ku kaceen kharash dhan US $ 1.903, oo u dhiganta 23.4% GDP, halka xayiraadda joogtada ah ee Israel ee Marinka Gaza ay keentay kharash dhan $ 1.908 bilyan US $, oo ka dhigan 23.5% GDP ee 2010 . xaqa loo leeyahay in la horumariyo bulsho barwaaqo ah oo leh dhaqaale deggan iyo kobac waara. Wax soo saarka guud ee guud ee Falastiin (GDP) ayaa hoos u dhacay 35% rubuci hore ee 2024, sababtoo ah dagaalka ka socda Gaza, Xafiiska Dhexe ee Tirakoobka Falastiin (PCBS) ayaa sheegay. Waxaa jiray farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya Daanta Galbeed, kaas oo arkay hoos u dhac 25% ah iyo Marinka Gaza, tiradu waa 86% iyada oo uu socdo dagaalka. Qaybta wax soo saarka ayaa hoos u dhacday 29% ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 95% ee Gaza, halka qaybta dhismuhu hoos u dhacday 42% ee Daanta Galbeed oo asal ahaan ku burburtay Gaza, iyada oo 99% hoos u dhacday. ===Beeraha=== Ka dib markii Israa'iil ay qabsatay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza 1967-dii, beeralayda falastiiniyiinta waxaa soo gaaray dib u dhac weyn. Wax ku biirinta waaxdu ee GDP ayaa hoos u dhacday, xooggii shaqaale ee beeralaydana wuu yaraaday. Meelaha la beero ee Daanta Galbeed ayaa si joogto ah hoos ugu dhacay tan iyo 1967. Beeralayda Falastiiniyiinta ayaa caqabad ku ah suuqgeynta iyo qaybinta alaabtooda, xayiraadaha Israel ee isticmaalka biyaha ayaa si weyn u saameeyay beeraha Falastiiniyiinta. In ka badan 85% biyaha falastiiniyiinta ee ka yimaada daanta galbeed waxaa adeegsata Israel, falastiiniyiintana waxaa loo diiday inay helaan kheyraadka biyaha ee webiyada Urdun iyo Yarmuuk. Qaza, biyo-mareenada xeebta waxay la il daran tahay soo gelitaanka biyaha cusbada. Xayiraadaha Israel ayaa xaddiday waraabka dhulka falastiiniyiinta, iyadoo kaliya 6% dhulka Daanta Galbeed ee ay falastiiniyiintu beeran yihiin la waraabiyo, halka dadka Israa’iil degan ay waraabiyaan qiyaastii 70% dhulkooda. Dagaalkii Khaliijka ee 1991 wuxuu saameyn ba'an ku yeeshay beeralayda falastiiniyiinta, maadaama inta badan loo dhoofiyo wadamada Khaliijka Carabta. Dhoofinta Falastiiniyiinta ee Wadamada Khaliijka ayaa hoos u dhacay 14% natiijada dagaalka, taasoo keentay saameyn dhaqaale oo weyn. ===Biyo-helidda iyo nadaafadda=== Biyo gelinta iyo fayadhowrka dhulka falastiiniyiinta waxaa lagu gartaa biyo la’aan aad u daran waxaana saameyn weyn ku leh gumeysiga Israel. Khayraadka biyaha ee Falastiin waxaa qayb ahaan gacanta ku haya Israa'iil sababtoo ah qayb ahaan kakanaanta taariikheed iyo juquraafi ahaaneed iyadoo Israa'iil ay siisay madaxbannaani qaybeed 2017 . Israa'iil waxay siisaa dhulalka falastiiniyiinta biyaha sahaydeeda biyaha iyo sahayda biyaha sasarka leh, 2012 oo bixisa 52 MCM . Guud ahaan, tayada biyuhu aad bay uga xun yihiin Marinka Gaza marka la barbar dhigo Daanta Galbeed. Qiyaastii saddex meelood meel meel ka mid ah biyaha la geeyey dhulka falastiiniyiinta ayaa ku lumay shabakada qaybinta . Go’doominta joogtada ah ee marinka Qaza iyo dagaalka Gaza ayaa sababay burbur xooggan oo soo gaaray kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee marinka Qaza. Ku saabsan biyaha wasakhda ah, dhirta daaweynta ee hadda jirta ma laha awood ay ku daaweeyaan dhammaan biyaha wasakhda ah ee la soo saaro, taasoo keenta wasakhowga biyaha daran. Horumarinta qaybta aad ayey ugu xidhan tahay maalgelinta dibadda. ===Wax-soo-saarka=== Qaybaha wax soo saarka ee Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dunta, habaynta cuntada, dawooyinka, qalabka dhismaha, alaabta guriga, alaabta caaga ah, dhagaxa, iyo elektarooniga. Alaabooyinka xusidda mudan waxaa ka mid ah dharka, saliidda saytuunka, caanaha, alaabta guriga, ceramics, iyo qalabka dhismaha. Kahor Intifada Labaad, Falastiin waxay lahayd saldhig warshadeed oo xoog leh oo ku yaal Jerusalem iyo Gaza. Caqabadaha laga taagay Daanta Galbeed ayaa ka dhigay dhaqdhaqaaq adag; go’doominta marinka Qaza ayaa si weyn u saamaysay xaaladda dhaqaale ee dhulka. Laga bilaabo 2023 , sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Dhaqaalaha , waaxda wax soo saarka ayaa la filayaa inay koraan 2.5% ayna abuuraan 79,000 shaqo lixda sano ee soo socota. Falastiin waxay inta badan dhoofisaa alaabta dhagaxa ah (limestone, marble - 13.3%), alaabta guriga (11.7%), balaastikada (10.2%) iyo birta iyo birta (9.1%). Badeecadahaas intooda badan waxaa loo dhoofiyaa Jordan, Maraykanka, Israa'iil iyo Masar. Hebron waa magaalada ugu horumarsan dhanka warshadaha ee gobolka waxayna u adeegtaa sidii xudunta dhoofinta wax soo saarka Falastiin. In ka badan 40% dhaqaalaha qaranka ayaa soo saara halkaas. Madbacada ugu horumarsan Bariga Dhexe waa Xebroon. Dhagaxyo badan ayaa ku yaal gobolka ku xeeran. Kaydadka Silikoon ayaa laga helay dhulka Gaza. Dhagaxa Jerusalem, oo laga soo saaray Daanta Galbeed, ayaa loo isticmaalay dhismayaal badan oo ku yaala Jerusalem. Hebron waxa aad loogu yaqaanaa wax-soo-saarka dhalada. Nablus waxaa lagu xusay saabuunteeda Nablus . Qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha ka shaqeeya dhulka Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah Siniora Foods , Sinokrot Industries , Schneider Electric , PepsiCo iyo Coca-Cola . Dadaalada nabadeed ee dhaqaalaha Israel-Falastiin waxay keeneen dhowr hindise, sida Dooxada Nabadda iyo Jebinta Impasse , kuwaas oo kor u qaadaya mashaariicda warshadaha ee u dhexeeya Israel, Falastiin iyo dalalka kale ee Carabta, iyada oo ujeedadu tahay horumarinta nabadda iyo soo afjarida colaadda. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah jardiinooyin warshadeed oo wadajir ah oo laga furay Falastiin. Maamulka Falastiin ayaa magaalooyin warshadeed ka dhisay Gaza, Beytlaxam, Jericho, Jenin iyo Hebron. Qaarkood waxay iskaashi wadajir ah la leeyihiin wadamada Yurub ===Tamarta=== [[File:Solar_Plant_in_Jericho.jpg|thumb|Warshada qorraxda ee Jeriko]] Falastiin ma soo saarto saliid iyo gaas u gaar ah. Laakiin sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada Qaramada Midoobay, " kaydka saliidda iyo gaasta ee baaxadda leh" ayaa ku yaal dhulka Falastiiniyiinta. Xaalada colaadeed ee ay ku sugan tahay awgeed, tamarta iyo shidaalka ugu badan ee Falastiin waxaa laga keenaa Israa’iil iyo dhammaan dalalka kale ee dariska ah sida Masar, Urdun iyo Sucuudiga. Sannadkii 2012, korontada laga heli karo Daanta Galbeed iyo Gaza waxay ahayd 5,370 GW-saac (3,700 ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 1,670 ee Gaza), halka isticmaalka sannadlaha ah ee qof kasta oo koronto ah (ka dib markii laga jaray khasaaraha gudbinta) uu ahaa 950 kWh. Warshada Korontada ee Qaza waa warshadda tamarta kaliya ee ku taal marinka Gaza. Waxaa iska leh Shirkadda Korontada ee Gaza (GPGC), oo hoos timaada Shirkadda Korontada ee Falastiin (PEC). Shirkadda Korontada Degmada Jerusalem , oo hoos timaada PEC, waxay siisaa koronto dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah ee deggan Yeruusaalem. Saraakiisha dawladda ayaa si isa soo taraysa diiradda u saaray tamarta qorraxda si loo yareeyo ku tiirsanaanta Israel ee tamarta. Sanduuqa Maalgelinta Falastiin ayaa bilaabay "Noor Palestine", mashruuc ujeedadiisu tahay in lagu bixiyo awoodda Falastiin. Qudra Energy, oo ay iska kaashadeen Bank of Falastiin iyo NAPCO ayaa aasaasay warshado koronto qoraxda oo dhan Jammala , Nablus, Birzeit iyo Ramallah. Sannadkii 2019, ee ololaha Noor Palestine, warshaddii ugu horreysay ee tamarta qoraxda iyo beerta qorraxda ayaa laga furay Jenin. Laba jardiinooyin kale oo cadceedda ayaa loo qorsheeyay Jeriko iyo Tubas. Warshad koronto oo cadceedda cusub ayaa laga dhisayaa xarunta Abu Dis ee Jaamacadda Al-Quds , taas oo loogu adeegayo Falastiiniyiinta Qudus. ===Saliid iyo gaas=== Falastiin waxa ay haysataa kayd shidaal iyo gaas oo baaxad leh. [ 243 ] In ka badan 3 bilyan oo fuusto (480,000,000 m 3 ) oo saliid ah ayaa lagu qiyaasay inay ka jiraan xeebaha iyo dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto. Levant Basin waxa ay haysaa ilaa 1.7 bilyan fuusto (270,000,000 m 3 ) oo saliid ah, oo leh 1.5 bilyan oo foosto (240,000,000 m 3 ) oo ka hooseysa dhulka la haysto ee Daanta Galbeed. [ 244] Around 2 billion barrels (320,000,000 m3) of oil reserves are believed to exist in shore of the Gaza Strip.[244][245] According to a report by the UNCTAD, around 1,250 billion barrels (1.99×1011 m3) of oil reserves are in the occupied Palestinian territory of the West Bank, probably the Meged oil field. As per the Palestinian Authority, 80% of this oil field falls under the lands owned by Palestinians. Masadder, oo ah qayb ka mid ah Sanduuqa Maalgelinta Falastiin ayaa horumarinaya saliidda ee Daanta Galbeed. [ 245 ] Goobta Block-1, oo ku fidsan dhul dhan 432 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (167 sq mi) waqooyi-galbeed Ramallah ilaa Qalqilya ee Falastiin, waxay leedahay awood la taaban karo oo laga heli karo kheyraadka hydrocarbon . Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in ay haysato P90 (heerka hubaal) ee 0.03 bilyan fuusto (4,800,000 m 3 ) saliid dib loo soo celin karo iyo 6,000,000,000 cubic feet (170,000,000 m 3 ) oo ah gaas la soo kaban karo. Kharashka ku baxaya horumarinta beertan ayaa lagu qiyaasay $390 milyan, waxaana lagu fulin doonaa heshiis wax-soo-saar la wadaago dawladda Falastiin . Waqtigan xaadirka ah, barnaamijka shaqo ee hore ee sahaminta ka hor ayaa socda si loogu diyaariyo naqshadaynta qorshaha sahaminta si loo ansixiyo, kaas oo ka hor marin doona horumarinta buuxda ee goobta. Gaaska dabiiciga ah ee Falastiin ayaa inta badan laga helaa Marinka Gaza. Marinka Gaza waa gaaska dabiiciga ah , oo ku yaal agagaarka 32 kiiloomitir (20 mi) xeebta dhulka ee xeebta Mediterranean. Waxay haysaa kayd gaas u dhexeeya 28 bilyan kuyuubik mitir (990 bilyan cubic feet) ilaa 32 bilyan cubic mitir (1.1 trillion cubic feet). Qiyaasahani waxay aad uga badan yihiin baahida dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee tamarta . Goobta gaaska waxaa helay kooxda British Gas Group 1999. Markii la helay gaaska, Yaasir Carafaat wuxuu ku ammaanay Yaasir Carafaat oo ah "Hadyad Eebbe". Iskaashiga gobolka ee u dhexeeya maamulka Falastiiniyiinta , Israel iyo Masar ayaa lagu saxiixay horumarinta beerta iyo Xamaas ayaa sidoo kale siisay ogolaansho maamulka Falastiin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan iyo dagaalka ka socda Gaza , mashruucan ayaa dib loo dhigay ===Gaadiidka=== [[File:To_Hebron.jpg|thumb|Boodhadh luqado badan ku qoran oo ku yaal Gobolka Xebroon]] Laba garoon diyaaradeed oo Falastiiniyiin ah - Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Jerusalem iyo Gegida Caalamiga ah ee Gaza - ayay Israel burburisay sanadihii hore ee intifada labaad. Tan iyo markaas ma jirin garoon diyaaradeed oo ka shaqeeya dalka. Falastiiniyiintu waxay ku safri jireen garoomada diyaaradaha ee Israel – Ben Gurion Airport iyo Ramon Airport – iyo madaarka caalamiga ah ee Queen Alia ee Amman , caasimadda Jordan. Soo jeedin badan ayaa laga soo jeediyay dowladda iyo hay’adaha gaarka ah si loo dhiso garoomada diyaaradaha ee dalka. Sanadkii 2021, soo jeedintii ugu dambeysay waxaa sameeyay dowladda Falastiin iyo dowladda Israa’iil labadaba si dib loogu horumariyo Gegida diyaaradaha ee Qalandia si uu u noqdo garoon caalami ah oo ay wadaagaan Israa’iiliyiinta iyo Falastiiniyiinta. Marinka Qaza waa gobolka kaliya ee xeebta ah ee Falastiin, halkaas oo ay ku taal Dekedda Gaza . Waxay ku jirtaa go'doomin dhinaca badda ah oo ay Israa'iil ku hayso, tan iyo markii ay dhulkaas go'doomisay. Sanadihii Oslo, dawladda Falastiin waxay iskaashi la samaysay Nederland iyo Faransiiska si ay u dhistaan ​​deked caalami ah laakiin mashruuca waa laga tagay. Sannadkii 2021, ra'iisul wasaarihii Israa'iil Naftali Bennett ayaa bilaabay mashruuc horumarineed oo Gaza ah, kaas oo ay ku jirto deked. ===Dalxiiska=== [[File:Gaza_by_Mujaddara_-_panoramio_(3400).jpg|thumb|Al Mashtal Hotel ee Gaza, ka hor dagaalkii Gaza]] [[File:Jerusalem_Dome_of_the_rock_BW_14.JPG|thumb|Quddus waxay quduus u tahay saddexda diimood ee ugu waaweyn adduunka - Masiixiyadda, Islaamka iyo Yuhuudda, iyo sidoo kale Mandaeism.]] Dalxiiska dalka waxaa loola jeedaa dalxiiska ee Bariga Jerusalem, Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza. Sanadkii 2010, 4.6 milyan oo qof ayaa booqday dhulka Falastiin, marka la barbar dhigo 2.6 milyan sanadkii 2009. Tiradaas, 2.2 milyan ayaa ahaa dalxiisayaal ajnabi ah, halka 2.7 milyan ay ahaayeen gudaha. Dalxiisayaasha intooda badani waxay yimaadaan saacado yar oo keliya ama qayb ka mid ah safarka maalinlaha ah. Rubucii u dambeeyay ee 2012 in ka badan 150,000 oo marti ah ayaa joogay huteelada Daanta Galbeed. 40% waxay ahaayeen Yurub halka 9% ay ka yimaadeen Maraykanka iyo Kanada. Hagaha safarka ee Lonely Planet wuxuu qoray in "Daanta Galbeedku maaha meesha ugu fudud ee lagu safro laakiin dadaalka ayaa lagu abaalmariyey." Goobaha xurmada leh sida gidaarka galbeed , Kaniisada Quddus Quddus , iyo Masjidka Al-Aqsa ayaa sanad walba soo jiitaan xujey iyo booqde aan tiro lahayn Sannadkii 2013, wasiirka dalxiiska ee maamulka Falastiin Rula Ma'ay'a ayaa sheegtay in dawladeeda ay doonayso inay dhiirigeliso booqashooyinka caalamiga ah ee Falastiin, laakiin qabsashadu waa qodobka ugu muhiimsan ee ka hortagaya waaxda dalxiiska inay noqoto il dhaqaale oo weyn oo Falastiiniyiinta. Ma jiraan wax shuruudo fiisooyin ah oo lagu soo rogay muwaadiniinta ajnabiga ah marka laga reebo kuwa ay soo rogtay siyaasadda fiisaha ee Israa'iil. Gelitaanka Qudus, Daanta Galbeed, iyo Qaza waxaa si buuxda u maamula dawladda Israa'iil . Gelitaanka dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto wuxuu u baahan yahay oo keliya baasaboor caalami ah oo sax ah . Dalxiiska ayaa inta badan xuddun u ah Yeruusaalem iyo Beytlaxam hareeraheeda. Jericho waa goob dalxiis oo caan ah oo loogu talagalay Falastiiniyiinta maxalliga ah. ===Isgaarsiinta=== Falastiin waxa loo yaqaan "Silicon Valley of NGOs". Warshadaha farsamada sare ee Falastiin, waxay la kulmeen koboc wanaagsan tan iyo 2008. Sannadkii 2020, Xafiiska Dhexe ee Tirakoobka Falastiin (PCBS) iyo Wasaaradda Isgaarsiinta iyo Teknolojiyada ayaa sheegay in Falastiiniyiinta ay joogeen 4.2 milyan oo macaamiil mobilada ah marka la barbar dhigo 2.6 milyan dhamaadka 2010. ee 2019, laga bilaabo 119 kun isla muddadaas. Sanadka 2020, 97% qoysaska falastiiniyiintu waxay lahaayeen ugu yaraan hal khad mobilka gacanta ah. Ugu yaraan hal taleefan oo casriga ah waxaa iska leh 86% qoysaska (91% Daanta Galbeed iyo 78% ee Marinka Gaza). Qiyaastii 80% qoysaska reer Falastiin waxay heli karaan internetka guryahooda halka saddex meelood meel ay haystaan ​​kombuyuutar. Bishii Juun 2020, Bangiga Adduunka ayaa ansixiyay $ 15 milyan deeq ah Mashruuca Teknolojiyadda Dhallinyarada iyo Shaqooyinka ( TechStart ) ee ujeeddadiisu tahay in lagu caawiyo waaxda IT-ga Falastiiniyiinta kor u qaadista awoodda shirkadaha iyo abuurista shaqooyin tayo sare leh. Kanthan Shankar, Agaasimaha Bangiga Adduunka ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Gaza ayaa sheegay in waaxda IT ay awood u leedahay inay gacan xooggan ka geysato kobaca dhaqaalaha. Waxay siin kartaa fursado dhalinyarada Falastiiniyiinta, kuwaas oo ka kooban 30% dadweynaha oo ay haysato shaqo la'aan ba'an. ===Adeegyada maaliyadeed=== [[File:Palestine_Islamic_Bank,_Salfit_01.jpg|thumb|Bangi ku yaal Salfit]] Maamulka Lacagta ee Falastiin ayaa soo saaray hab-raacyo loogu talagalay hawlgalka iyo bixinta adeegyada lacag-bixinta elegtarooniga ah oo ay ku jiraan jeebka elektaroonigga ah iyo kaararka prepaid-ka ah. Hab -maamuuska Xidhiidhka Dhaqaalaha , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano hab-maamuuska Paris waxaa kala saxeexday PLO iyo Israel, kaas oo ka mamnuucaya maamulka Falastiiniyiinta inay yeeshaan lacag u gaar ah. Heshiiskani waxa uu u gogol xaarayey in dawladdu ay qaaddo cashuuraha. Kahor 1994, dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto waxay lahaayeen ikhtiyaaro bangi oo xadidan, iyadoo Falastiiniyiintu ay ka fogaanayeen bangiyada Israel . Tani waxay keentay gobol aan bangi lahayn iyo dhaqaale ku salaysan lacag caddaan ah . Hadda, waxaa jira bangiyada 14 ee ka shaqeeya Falastiin, oo ay ku jiraan bangiyada Falastiin, Jordan iyo Masar, marka la barbardhigo 21 ee 2000 . Debaajiga bangiyada Falastiin waxay arkeen kobac weyn, oo ka kordhay US $ 1.2 bilyan 2007 ilaa US $ 6.9 ee 2018, oo u dhiganta 475% korodhka. Qaybta bangiyada ayaa muujisay heerarka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee la taaban karo ee dhigaalka iyo faylalka amaahda, oo dhaaftay celceliska caalamiga ah. Isku darka tas - hiilaadka amaahda ee ay bixiyeen dhammaan bangiyada 31 December 2018, ayaa gaadhay US$8.4 bilyan, taasoo muujinaysa koror laxaad leh oo boqolkiiba 492 ah marka la barbar dhigo US $ 1.42 bilyan ee 2007. US$5.02 bilyan, taasoo ka dhigan 61 boqolkiiba wadarta deymaha. Tani waxay muujinaysaa koror cajiib ah oo 737 ah oo u dhexeeya 2007 iyo 2018. Hadda, bangiyada diiwaangashan ee Falastiiniyiinta waxay hayaan 57 boqolkiiba dhigaalka macaamiisha waxayna bixiyaan 61 boqolkiiba deynta, marka la barbardhigo 26 boqolkiiba dhigaalka iyo 42 boqolkiiba deynta 2007. ==Tirakoobka dadweynaha== Marka loo eego Xafiiska Tirakoobka Dhexe ee Falastiin (PCBS), laga bilaabo 26 Maajo 2021, Dawladda Falastiin 2021 badhtamaha sannadka dadku waa 5,227,193. Ala Owad, madaxweynaha PCBS, ayaa lagu qiyaasey dad gaaraya 5.3 milyan dhamaadka sanadka, 2021. Gudaha aagga 6,020 kiiloomitir laba jibaaran (2,320 sq mi ), waxaa jira cufnaanta dadweynaha ee ku saabsan 827 qof halkii kiiloomitir laba jibaaran. Si loo dhigo tan si guud, celceliska cufnaanta dadweynaha ee adduunka waxay ahayd 25 qof halkii kiiloomitir laba jibaaran 2017. Kala bar dadka reer Falastiin waxay ku nool yihiin qurbaha , ama waa qaxooti . Iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay in ay ku jirto xaalad colaadeed oo ay la leedahay Israa'iil, dagaalladii xigay waxay keeneen barokac baahsan oo Falastiiniyiin ah , oo loo yaqaan Nakba ama Naksa . Dagaalkii 1948 , ku dhawaad ​​700,000 oo falastiiniyiin ah ayaa laga saaray . Intooda badan waxa ay magangalyo ka raadsadaan dalalka deriska la ah Carabta sida Urdun, Ciraaq, Lubnaan iyo Masar, halka kuwa kalena ay ku nool yihiin sida dibad-bax ku nool Sucuudiga, Qatar, Cumaan iyo Kuwait. Tiro badan oo Falastiiniyiin ah ayaa ku sugan Maraykanka, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Yurub inteeda kale ===Diinta=== Dalku waxa uu caan ku ahaa muhiimadda diineed iyo meelo badan oo barakeysan, iyadoo diintu ay door muhiim ah ka qaadatay qaabaynta bulshada iyo dhaqanka dalka. Dhaqan ahaan waa qayb ka mid ah Dhulka Quduuska ah , kaas oo loo tixgeliyo dhul muqadas ah diimaha Ibraahim iyo sidoo kale diimaha kale. Sharciga aasaasiga ah wuxuu dhigayaa in Islaamku yahay diinta rasmiga ah laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu bixiyaa xorriyadda diinta, isagoo ku baaqaya in la ixtiraamo diimaha kale. Diimaha laga tirada badan yahay ayaa wakiil ka ah sharci-dejinta Maamulka Qaranka Falastiin. 98% falastiiniyiintu waa Muslim , kuwaas oo intooda badan ay yihiin kuwa raacsan laanta Islaamka Sunniga iyo tiro yar oo Axmadiya . 15% waa muslimiin aan magac-raac ahayn . Masiixiyiinta Falastiin waxay matalaan tiro aad u tiro yar oo ah 1%, oo ay ku xigto bulshooyin diimeed oo aad u yaryar , oo ay ku jiraan Baha'is iyo Samaritans . Tirada ugu badan ee Masiixiyiintu waxay ku sugan yihiin Beytlaxam , Beit Sahour , iyo Beit Jala oo ku taal Daanta Galbeed, iyo sidoo kale marinka Gaza. Diin ahaan, Masiixiyiinta Falastiiniyiinta intooda badan waxay ka tirsan yihiin Kaniisadaha Ortodokska Bari ama Oriental Ortodokska , oo ay ku jiraan Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Giriiga , Kaniisadda Rasuullada ee Armenia , iyo Kaniisadda Ortodokska Suuriya . Waxaa jira koox muhiim ah oo Roman Catholics ah , Catholics Greek ( Melkites ), iyo diimaha Protestant . Dadka ku nool 350 qof, reer Samaariya waxay aad isugu urursadeen agagaarka Buurta Gerizim . Isku ekaanshaha u dhexeeya Samaritanism iyo yuhuudda awgeed , Samaritanka waxaa badanaa loogu yeeraa "Yuhuudda Falastiin". PLO waxay u aragtaa Yuhuuda inay yihiin Falastiiniyiin , kuwaas oo ku noolaa gobolka si nabad ah ka hor sarakicida Sionism. Shakhsiyaadka qaarkood, gaar ahaan kuwa ka soo horjeeda Sahyuuniyiinta, waxay isu haystaan ​​Yuhuud Falastiiniyiin ah, sida Ilan Halevi iyo Uri Davis . Qiyaastii 600,000 oo Israa'iil ah, oo u badan Yuhuud, ayaa ku nool degsiimooyinka Israa'iil , sharci-darro ah marka loo eego sharciga caalamiga ah, oo dhan Daanta Galbeed. Sunagogga Jericho , oo ku yaal Jericho waa sunagogga kaliya ee ay maamusho Maamulka Falastiin. ===Goobaha Quduuska ah ee Falastiin=== [[File:Al-Aqsa is a silver-domed mosque inside a 35-acre compound referred to as al-Haram al-Sharif by Muslims in the Old City of Jerusalem, A UNESCO world heritage site. It is considered as 3rd most holy site in Islam. (6).jpg|thumb|Qudus waa hoyga Masjidka Al-Aqsa oo ah goobta 3aad ee ugu barakeysan Islaamka]] [[File:Bethlehem-Nativity-140.jpg|thumb|Kaniisadda Dhalashadu waa mid ka mid ah goobaha ugu muhiimsan ee Masiixiyiinta.]] [[File:Archaeological_site_Mount_Gerizim_IMG_2181.JPG|thumb|Buur Gerizim waa muqadas reer Samaariya]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_43143_Cave_of_the_Patriarchs.JPG|thumb|Godka Wadaadka waa goob barakeysan oo ay ku nool yihiin Yahuudda , Muslimiinta iyo Kiristaanka]] [[File:مقام النبي موسى في اريحا.jpg|thumb|Nabi Muuse waxa lagu tiriyaa inuu yahay " Qabriga Muuse " dhaqamada Islaamka.]] [[File:PikiWiki_Israel_15003_Jericho_synagogue_mosaic.JPG|thumb|Sunagogga Jericho waxaa maamula maamulka Falastiiniyiinta .]] [[File:Sebastia-2-179.jpg|thumb|Masjidka Nabi Yahya waxa ku jira qabriga dhaqanka ee Yooxanaa Baabtiisaha .]] ===Luuqad=== [[File:Armenian_parade_in_Jerusalem_2018-04-07_(40611059614).jpg|thumb|Armaniyiinta Yeruusaalem]] Falastiiniyiinta asal ahaan waa Carab , waxayna ku hadlaan luqadda Carabiga . Jaaliyadaha Bedouin ee dhalashada Falastiin waxay ka kooban yihiin tiro yar oo ku nool Daanta Galbeed, gaar ahaan agagaarka Hebron Hills iyo miyiga Yeruusaalem. Laga bilaabo 2013, qiyaastii 40,000 Bedouins ayaa degan Daanta Galbeed iyo 5,000 Bedouins waxay ku nool yihiin Marinka Gaza. Jahalin iyo Ta'amireh waa laba qabiil oo reer Baadiyaha ah oo dalka ku nool. Tiro badan oo ka mid ah qowmiyadaha aan Carabta ahayn ayaa sidoo kale ku nool dalka, iyada oo xubnahooda ay haystaan ​​sidoo kale dhalashada Falastiin. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah kooxaha Kurdiyiinta , Nawar , Assyrians , Romani , Druze , Afrikaan , Dom , Ruush , Turki iyo Armenian . Inta badan bulshooyinka aan Carabta ahayn ee Falastiin waxay deggan yihiin hareeraha Jerusalem . Qiyaastii 5,000 oo Ashuur ah ayaa ku nool Falastiin, inta badan magaalooyinka barakeysan ee Yeruusaalem iyo Beytlaxam . Dad lagu qiyaasay inta u dhaxaysa 200 iyo 450 Afrikaan madow, oo loo yaqaan Afro-Falastiin , ayaa ku nool Yeruusaalem. Beel yar oo Kurdiyiin ah ayaa deggan Xebroon . Nawar waa bulsho yar oo Dom iyo Romani ah , oo ku nool Yeruusaalem, kuwaas oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Hindiya . Qurba -joogta Ruushka ayaa sidoo kale laga helaa Falastiin, gaar ahaan Xarunta Ruushka ee Jerusalem iyo Hebron . Intooda badani waa Masiixiyiin ka tirsan Kaniisadda Ortodokska ee Ruushka . 2022, qiyaasta qiyaastii 5,000-6,000 Armenian ayaa ku noolaa guud ahaan Israa'iil iyo Falastiin , kuwaas oo ku dhawaad ​​​​1,000 Armeeniyiin ah ay ku noolaayeen Yeruusaalem ( Quarter Armenian ) inta kalena waxay ku noolaayeen Beytlaxam. Laga soo bilaabo 1987, 400,000 ilaa 500,000 oo Turki ah ayaa ku nool Falastiin . Sababo la xiriira dagaaladii sokeeye ee 1947-1949 , qoysas badan oo Turki ah ayaa ka qaxay gobolka waxayna degeen Urdun , Suuriya iyo Lubnaan . Sida laga soo xigtay wargayska 2022 ee Al Monitor , qoysas badan oo asal ahaan Turki ah oo ku nool Gaza ayaa u haajiray Turkiga sababtoo ah "xaaladda dhaqaale ee sii xumaanaysa ee go'doominta". [ 305 ] Dadka laga tirada badan yahay ee dalka ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo rogay qabsasho iyo xannibaadyo Israel ===Waxbarashada=== [[File:Wikipedia_education_program_birzeit_university_2016_ceremoney_15.jpg|thumb|Ardayda Jaamacadda Birzeit]] [[File:IUG_administration_building.jpg|thumb|Dhismaha maamulka Jaamacadda Islaamiga ee Gaza]] Heerka wax-akhris ee Falastiin wuxuu ahaa 96.3% sida lagu sheegay warbixin 2014 ah oo ay soo saartay Barnaamijka Horumarinta ee Qaramada Midoobay , taas oo heer sare ah marka loo eego heerarka caalamiga ah. Waxaa jira farqi jinsi oo dadka da'doodu ka sarreyso 15 iyadoo 5.9% haweenka loo arko kuwo aan waxna akhriyin marka la barbardhigo 1.6% ragga. Wax-akhris la'aanta haweenka ayaa hoos uga dhacday 20.3% 1997 ilaa in ka yar 6% 2014. Gobolka Falastiin, Marinka Gaza ayaa leh heerka ugu sarreeya ee wax-akhris. Sida laga soo xigtay blog-saxaafadeed ee Jaamacadda Columbia , Falastiiniyiintu waa qaxootiga ugu aqoonta badan. Nidaamka waxbarasho ee Falastiin wuxuu ka kooban yahay Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza labadaba, waxaana maamula Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Tacliinta Sare . Waxbarashada aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin waxaa ka mid ah dugsiga hoose (fasalada 1-4) iyo dugsiga diyaarinta (fasalada 5-10). Waxbarashada dugsiga sare waxay ka kooban tahay waxbarashada guud ee dugsiga sare (fasalada 11-12) iyo waxbarashada farsamada gacanta. Manhajka waxaa ku jira maaddooyin sida Carabi, Ingiriisi, xisaab, saynis, cilmiga bulshada, iyo jirdhiska. Cilmi-baarista diinta Islaamka iyo Masiixiga ayaa sidoo kale qayb ka ah manhajka sida ay sheegtay wasaaradda waxbarashadu. Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qasa waxay wada leeyihiin 14 jaamacadood, 18 kulliyadood oo jaamacadeed, 20 kulliyadood oo bulshada ah, iyo dugsiyada 3,000. Jaamacadda Umadda ee An-Najah oo ku taal Nablus waa jaamacadda ugu weyn dalka, waxaa ku xiga Jaamacadda Al-Qudus ee Qudus iyo Jaamacadda Birzeit oo ku taal Birzeit oo u dhow Ramallah. Jaamacadda Al-Quds waxay ku guulaysatay qiimaynta 5-xiddigaha tayada tayada , waxaana lagu naanaysaa "jaamacadda ugu mas'uulka ah bulsho ahaan dunida Carabta ". Sannadkii 2018, Jaamacadda Birzeit waxaa lagu qiimeeyay mid ka mid ah 2.7% ugu sarreeya jaamacadaha adduunka oo dhan daabacaadda 2019 ee Qiimaynta Jaamacadda Adduunka ===Caafimaadka=== [[File:Beit Jala Hospital 002.jpg|thumb|Isbitaal ku yaal Beytlaxam]] Sida laga soo xigtay Wasaaradda Caafimaadka Falastiiniyiinta (MOH), laga bilaabo 2017, waxaa jiray 743 xarumaha daryeelka caafimaadka aasaasiga ah ee Falastiin (583 ee Daanta Galbeed iyo 160 ee Gaza), iyo 81 isbitaallada (51 ee Daanta Galbeed, oo ay ku jiraan Bariga Jerusalem, iyo 30 ee Gaza). Cisbitaalka ugu weyn Daanta Galbeed waxa uu ku yaala Nablus, halka Al-Shifa Hospital uu ku yaalo Marinka Gaza. Ka shaqaynta hoos imanaysa Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO), Kooxda Caafimaadka ee dhulka Falastiiniyiinta la haysto (oPt) waxaa la aasaasay 2009 oo ka dhigan iskaashi ka badan 70 ururada maxaliga ah iyo kuwa caalamiga ah ee aan dawliga ahayn iyo hay'adaha Qaramada Midoobay oo bixiya qaab loogu talagalay jilayaasha caafimaadka ee ku lug leh jawaabta bini'aadantinimo ee oPt. Kooxda waxaa wada guddoominaya MOH si loo hubiyo in la waafajiyo siyaasadaha iyo qorshayaasha qaranka. Warbixinta Agaasimaha Guud ee WHO ee 1 May 2019 waxay qeexaysaa xaaladaha waaxda caafimaadka ee oPt ee tilmaamaya mudnaanta istaraatiijiga ah iyo caqabadaha hadda jira ee ku wajahan guulahooda iyada oo la raacayo istaraatiijiyadda iskaashiga dalka ee WHO iyo Dhulka Falastiiniyiinta ee la haysto 2017-2020. ==Dhaqanka== [[File:Streets_of_Jerusalem_by_night_029_-_Aug_2011.jpg|thumb|Waddooyinka Magaalada Qadiimiga ah, Quddus Habeenkii Ramadaanta]] Falastiiniyiinta asal ahaan iyo luqad ahaanba waxaa lagu tiriyaa inay ka mid yihiin dunida Carabta. Dhaqanka Falastiin ayaa saameyn culus ku yeeshay diinta, farshaxanka, suugaanta, qaab dhismeedka isboortiga, iyo shineemo. UNESCO waxay aqoonsatay dhaqanka Falastiiniyiinta. Bandhiga Falastin ee Suugaanta ( PalFest ) waxay isu keentaa qorayaasha Falastiiniyiinta iyo kuwa caalamiga ah, fannaaniinta, iyo fannaaniinta dabaaldega suugaanta iyo dhaqanka. Bandhiga Maalmaha Shineemooyinka Falastiin ee sanadlaha ah ayaa soo bandhiga filimada Falastiiniyiinta iyo filim sameeyayaasha. Dhaqanka Falastiin waa isku-dhafka caadooyinka asaliga ah, caadooyinka Carabta, iyo dhaxalka boqortooyooyinkii kala duwanaa ee xukumay gobolka. Dhulka falastiin waxa uu goob joog ka ahaa xadaarado qadiimi ah sida Kancaaniyiinta, Falastiiniyiinta iyo Israa’iiliyiinta, mid walbana waxa uu wax ku soo kordhinayaa dhaqankiisa. Qabsashadii Carabtu ee qarnigii 7aad waxay keentay saamaynta Islaamka, taas oo tan iyo wakhtigaas laf dhabar u ahayd aqoonsiga Falastiin. Caadooyinka Islaamka, oo ay ku jiraan luqadda, farshaxanka, iyo naqshadaha, ayaa dhaqanka galiyay astaamo kala duwan. Muujinta dhaqanka Falastiin waxay inta badan u adeegtaa qaab iska caabin ah oo ka dhan ah shaqada iyo dulmiga. Farshaxanka waddooyinka, sida shaqada Banksy ee Beytlaxam, iyo bandhig faneedka Falastiiniyiinta ee sannadlaha ah, Al-Mahatta, ayaa ah tusaalayaal caabbintan dhaqameed. Magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Jerusalem, oo leh goobaheedii diimeed sida gidaarka Galbeed , Masjidka Al-Aqsa , iyo Kaniisadda Qudduuska Qudduuska ah , waxay haysaa muhiimad dhaqameed iyo taariikheed oo baaxad leh. Goobaha kale ee dhaqameed ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah magaalada qadiimiga ah ee Yerixoo, goobta qadiimiga ah ee Sebastia , iyo magaalada Beytlaxam . Tiro badan oo xarumo dhaqameed ayaa laga helaa dalka oo dhan, ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan magaalooyinka waaweyn. 2009, Yeruusaalem waxaa loo magacaabay inay noqoto Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Carabta , Beytlaxamna waxay ka qayb qaadatay Caasimadda Dhaqanka ee Carabta 2020. ===Dhismaha=== [[File:IHM רוואבי - Wadina.jpeg|thumb|Rawabi waa hoyga ugu weyn ee amphitheater Roman ee Bariga Dhexe.]] Qaab dhismeedka Falastiin wuxuu ka kooban yahay dhaxal qani ah oo ka tarjumaya kala duwanaanshaha dhaqan iyo taariikheed ee gobolka. Taariikhda oo dhan, dhismaha Falastiiniyiinta waxaa saameeyay ilbaxnimooyin kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan Islaamka , Byzantine , Crusader , iyo Ottoman .  Dhismaha dhaqameed ee Falastiiniyiinta waxaa lagu gartaa isticmaalka qalabka maxaliga ah sida dhagaxa iyo farsamooyinka dhismaha dhaqameed.  Qaabka qaabdhismeedku wuu ku kala duwan yahay gobollo kala duwan, oo leh astaamo muuqda oo ay ka mid yihiin albaabbada qadiimiga ah, qubanaha, iyo qaababka joomatari ee adag. Qaab dhismeedka Islaamku wuxuu ka tagay saameyn weyn dhismayaasha Falastiiniyiinta. Masaajidada , mowlacyada , iyo madarasadaha ayaa lagu soo bandhigay farshaxanno aad u qurux badan, oo leh tusaalooyin xusid mudan oo ay ka mid yihiin Masjidka Al-Aqsa ee Jerusalem iyo Masjidka weyn ee Nablus . Rawabi waa hoyga amphitheater-ka Roomaanka ee ugu weyn bariga dhexe iyo dunida carabta .  Falastiin waxay hoy u tahay dhowr dhisme oo Byzantine ah iyo Crusader.  Kaniisadda Qudduuska Qudduuska ah ee Yeruusaalem, taas oo dib u soo celinaysa qarnigii 4aad, waa goob muhiim ah oo xaj ah.  Qalcadda Crusader ee Krak des Chevaliers ee Golan Heights waa tusaale kale oo cajiib ah. Intii lagu jiray xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta, masaajidyo, daaro iyo dhismayaal dadweyne ayaa laga dhisay guud ahaan Falastiin. Halyeyga caanka ah ee Qubbada Dhagaxa ee Yeruusaalem waxa lagu sameeyay dib-u-habayn iyo dib-u-cusboonaysiin xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta, isaga oo soo bandhigay isku-dhafka Islaamka iyo walxaha dhismaha ee Byzantine.  Rasem Badran iyo Mohamed Hadid waa naqshad-yaqaan Falastiini ah oo caan ah.  Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, qaab dhismeedka casriga ah ayaa ka soo baxay Falastiin, isaga oo isku daraya waxyaabo dhaqameed oo leh naqshado casri ah. Matxafka Falastiiniyiinta ee Birzeit , oo uu naqshadeeyay Heneghan Peng Architects , ayaa tusaale u ah isku-dhafkan, oo ku daraya motifs maxalliga ah iyo habdhaqanka dhismaha ee waara. Xarunta Shirarka Caalamiga ah ee Beytlaxam, waa qaab dhismeed caan ah oo muujinaya qaab-dhismeedka Falastiiniyiinta ee casriga ah. Dhisme kale oo xusid mudan waa Tiyaatarka Qaranka Falastiin ee Yeruusaalem. Qaybaha qaab dhismeedka casriga ah waxaa laga heli karaa xarumaha dukaamaysiga, hoteelada raaxada, jardiinooyinka tignoolajiyada iyo dhismooyinka dhaadheer ee dhaadheer. Taawarka ganacsiga Falastiin ee Ramallah waa dhismaha ugu dheer Falastiin. ===Farshaxan, muusig, iyo dhar=== [[File:Mohamamd_Assaf.jpg|thumb|Maxamed Assad]] Muusigga dhaqameed ee Falastiin waxay si qoto dheer ugu xididaysan yihiin taariikhda iyo dhaqanka gobolka. Waxa ay ka kooban tahay qalab ay ka mid yihiin cuud (qalabka xadhkaha leh), qanuun (nooc ka mid ah xadhkaha) iyo qalabyada garaaca ee kala duwan. Heesaha hiddaha iyo dhaqanka waxay inta badan muujinayaan mawduucyada jacaylka, hilowga, iyo waayaha nolol maalmeedka. Fanaaniinta sida Mohammad Assaf , oo ku guulaystey tartanka Arab Idol, ayaa aqoonsi caalami ah ka helay qaab dhismeedka heesaha Falastiiniyiinta. Dabke waa qaab qoob-ka-ciyaarka falastiiniyiinta oo caan ah oo ay weheliso muusig Muusigga firfircoon ee laxanka leh waxaa lagu gartaa adeegsiga mijwiz (Flute cawsduur), tablah (durbaan), iyo sacabka qoob-ka-ciyaarka. Heesaha Dabke waxaa inta badan lagu qaadaa aroosyada, xafladaha, iyo munaasabadaha dhaqanka, taasoo kobcisa dareenka bulshada iyo aqoonsiga la wadaago. Muusigga pop-ga Falastiin ayaa caan ka helay sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, isaga oo isku daraya walxaha casriga ah ee saamaynta dhaqameed. Fanaaniinta sida Mohammed Assaf, Amal Murkus , iyo Rim Banna ayaa wax ku biiriyay goobta pop-ga ee casriga ah iyaga oo wata habab gaar ah iyo codad xoog leh. Heesahoodu waxay ka hadlayaan mawduucyada shakhsi ahaaneed iyo kuwa siyaasadeed labadaba, iyaga oo la falcelinaya Falastiiniyiinta iyo dhagaystayaasha adduunka oo dhan. [[File:Free_Palestine_-2_(53253567471).jpg|thumb|Caruurta falastiiniyiinta oo wata dhar dhaqameedkooda]] Hip-hop-ka falastiiniyiinta ayaa u soo baxday sidii dhexdhexaadin awood leh oo lagu muujinayo xaqiiqooyinka iyo halganka ay wajahayaan Falastiiniyiinta. Farshaxannada sida DAM, Shadia Mansour , iyo Tamer Nafar waxay heleen aqoonsi caalami ah oo ku saabsan ereyada miyir-qabka ah ee bulshada, iyaga oo ka hadlaya mawduucyada sida shaqada, aqoonsiga, iyo iska caabinta. Falastiin Hip-hop waxay u adeegtaa nooc ka mid ah caabbinta dhaqameed, kor u qaadida codadka dhalinyarada Falastiiniyiinta. Rim Banna waxay ahayd heesaa falastiiniyiin ah oo caan ku ahayd codadkeeda ethereal iyo sida ay ugu heelan tahay ilaalinta muusiga reer Falastiin. Reem Kelani , oo ah fannaanad Falastiini ah oo fadhigeedu yahay Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, ayaa caan ku ah codkeeda xoogga badan iyo dib u tarjumiddeeda heesaha dhaqanka Falastiin. Dalal Abu Amneh waa heesaa iyo abwaan Falastiini ah oo caan ah ===Warbaahinta=== Waxaa jira tiro wargeysyo ah , wakaalado wararka iyo telefishinada Satellite-ka ee Falastiin . Wakaaladeeda wararka waxaa ka mid ah Wakaaladda Wararka Macaan , Wafa , iyo Shabakadda Wararka Falastiin. TV-ga Al-Aqsa , Al-Quds TV , iyo Sanabel TV ayaa ah kuwa ugu waaweyn ee baahiya satalaytka. ===Shineemo=== Soo saarista shineemo Falastiin waxay udub dhexaad u tahay Jerusalem, oo leh muuqaalo maxalli ah oo caan ah Ramallah, Beytlaxam, iyo Nablus. Makram Khoury , Mohammad Bakri , Hiam Abbass , iyo Amal Murkus ayaa u soo baxay waji caan ah shaleemada Falastiin intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii iyo 1980-meeyadii. Areen Omari , Valantina Abu Oqsa , Saleh Bakri , Tawfeek Barhom , iyo Ashraf Barhom waxa ay caan noqdeen bartamihii 1990-meeyadii, halka Leem Lubany iyo Clara Khoury ay heleen sumcad tan iyo 2000 . Maqnaanshaha (1996), Faragelinta Rabbaaniga ah (2002), Jannada Hadda (2005), Waqtiga Hadhay (2009), iyo Cumar (2013). Filim samaynta Documentary ayaa door weyn ka ciyaartay qabashada iyo diiwaan gelinta khibradda Falastiin. Filimada sida 5 Cameras jabay ee Emad Burnat iyo Guy Davidi ayaa helay amaano muhiim ah. Filim-sameeyayaasha Falastiin waxay inta badan la kulmaan caqabado gaar ah sababtoo ah xaaladda siyaasadeed ee gobolka, iyada oo filimo badan oo lagu sameeyay sharciyada iyo halganka shaqada. Bandhiga Filimada Falastiiniyiinta, oo sanad walba lagu qabto magaalooyin kala duwan oo adduunka ah, ayaa soo bandhiga shaleemada falastiiniyiinta waxayna siisaa madal loogu talagalay filim sameeyayaasha Falastiiniyiinta inay ku wadaagaan sheekadooda. ===Ciyaaraha=== [[File:East_Jerusalem_by_Mujaddara_-_panoramio_(3434).jpg|thumb|Faisal Al-Husseini International Stadium oo ku yaala Al-Ram , Jerusalem]] Falastiin ayaa tan iyo sanadkii 1996-kii ka qeyb qaadaneysay Ciyaaraha Olombikada , iyadoo ciyaartooydu ay ku tartamayaan ciyaaro kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin ciyaaraha fudud, dabaasha, judo-ga iyo taekwondo-ga. Olimbikada Falastiin waxay u taagan yihiin qarankooda masraxa caalamiga ah. Dalku wuxuu xubin ka yahay guddiga Olombikada Adduunka. Kubadda cagta ka sokow, kubbadda koleyga, kubbadda gacanta, iyo kubbadda laliska ayaa sidoo kale ah ciyaaraha caanka ah ee Falastiin. Xiriirka Kubadda Koleyga ee Falastiiniyiinta iyo Xiriirka Kubadda Gacanta ee Falastiiniyiinta ayaa kormeera horumarinta iyo abaabulka ciyaarahan. Kubadda cagta (kubadda cagta) waa isboortiga ugu caansan Falastiin , oo leh kooxda kubbadda cagta qaranka ee Falastiin oo matalaya gobolka kubbadda cagta caalamiga ah oo ay maamusho FIFA adduunka oo dhan. Koobka Falastiin waa tartanka ugu horeeya ee kubada cagta gudaha Falastiin. Waxay ka kooban tahay kooxo ka socda Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Qaza, guushana waxay u taagan tahay Falastiin koobka AFC . Garoonka caalamiga ah ee Faysal Al-Xuseeni , oo ku yaalla magaalada Qudus, ayaa u taagan sidii garoonka ugu weyn ee Falastiin. Waxay u adeegtaa sidii garoonkii kooxda kubbadda cagta qaranka. Garoomada kale ee caanka ah waxaa ka mid ah Dora International Stadium ee Hebron, Garoonka Falastiin ee Gaza iyo Nablus Football Stadium ee Nablus. Mohammed Hamada waa miisaan-qaadihii ugu horreeyay ee Falastiin, kaasoo ku guuleystay dahab 2022 International Weightlifting Federation International Championship Junior World Championship ==Tixraac== [https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15670.doc.htm "Golaha Ammaanku wuu ku guul daraystay inuu soo jeediyo in Qaramada Midoobay ay si buuxda uga mid noqoto dawladda Falastiin, iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay diidmada qayaxan ee Maraykanku] {{Wayback|url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/sc15670.doc.htm |date=20240423110923 }} [https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/140699#:~:text=ActionAid%3A%20Conditions%20in%20Rafah%20at,over%20one%20million%20displaced%20people "ActionAid: Xaaladaha Rafah oo ah meesha burbursan, oo ay ku nool yihiin in ka badan hal milyan oo qof"] [https://www.npr.org/2024/05/24/g-s1-741/rafah-gaza-israel-hamas-war "Ku dhawaad ​​1 milyan oo falastiiniyiin ah ayaa ka qaxaya Rafah iyo waqooyiga Gaza"] [https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/opt-west-bank-and-gaza-strip-population-census-2007-briefing OPT: Tirakoobka Dadweynaha ee Daanta Galbeed iyo Marinka Gaza ee 2007] [https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2012/Table03.pdf "Shaxda 3, Tirada dadka ee jinsiga, heerka korodhka dadweynaha ee sanadlaha ah, bedka dhulka iyo cufnaanta"] [https://www.ipcinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/ipcinfo/docs/IPC_Gaza_Strip_Acute_Food_Insecurity_Malnutrition_July_Sept2025_Special_Snapshot.pdf "GAZA STRIP: Macaluul ayaa laga xaqiijiyey Gobolka Gaza, oo la saadaaliyey inay sii fidi doonto | 1 Luulyo - 30 Sebtembar 2025"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20250220090442/https://www.un.org/unispal/document/un-special-committee-press-release-19nov24/ "Xasuus ayaa ka dhacaya indhahayaga hortooda: Taariikhdu ma cafin doonto waxqabad la'aantayada, Guddiga Gaarka ah ee Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ka digay warbixintii guddiga 4-aad ee Golaha Guud] [https://press.un.org/en/2024/gapal1473.doc.htm 'Waa Muhiim in Xasuuqa loogu yeero Xasuuq', Ka fiirso in la laalo aqoonsiga Israa'iil oo ah dal xubin ka ah Qaramada Midoobay, Khubaradu waxay u sheegeen Guddiga Xuquuqda Falastiin] {{Wayback|url=https://press.un.org/en/2024/gapal1473.doc.htm |date=20241105122046 }} [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-09-10-mn-33546-story.html Israa'iil iyo PLO, ee Bid Taariikhiga ah ee Nabadda, waxay ku heshiiyaan aqoonsiga labada dhinac: Mideast: Ka dib tobanaan sano oo colaad ah, heshiisku wuxuu hoosta ka xariiqayaa u diyaargarowga labada dhinac ee ah inay wada noolaadaan.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200844/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2005_fall/gaza.htm "Guddiyeyaashu waxay isku khilaafeen Xaaladda la wareegidda Gaza"] [https://apnews.com/article/palestinians-death-toll-war-health-ministry-816d592952814db869924f9626ca8876 In ka badan 60,000 oo Falastiiniyiin ah ayaa lagu dilay dagaalka 21-ka bilood ah ee Israel iyo Xamaas, sida ay sheegtay Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Gaza] [http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/docs/CERD.C.ISR.CO.14-16.pdf Tixgelinta warbixinnada ay soo gudbiyaan xisbiyada Dawladdu sida waafaqsan qodobka 9 ee Axdiga] [https://www.un.org/unispal/document/oic-committee-of-six-on-palestine-considers-launching-global-action-to-support-the-rights-of-the-palestinian-people-and-end-the-occupation-press-release-non-un-document/ "Guddiga OIC ee Lixda Falastiin waxay tixgelinayaan bilaabista Tallaabo caalami ah si ay u taageeraan xuquuqda dadka Falastiiniyiinta iyo joojinta shaqada - War-saxaafadeed (Dukumenti aan UN-ka ahayn)"] [https://tamilnation.org/tamileelam/shankarrajee "Xiriir gaar ah la yeelo Madaxweynihii hore ee Falastiin Yaasir Carafaat] {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=pr1083 "Xeer-ilaaliyaha Maxkamadda Caalamiga ah ee Dambiyada, Fatou Bensouda, ayaa furaysa baaritaan horudhac ah oo ku saabsan xaaladda Falastiin"] [https://undocs.org/A/RES/70/225 Madax-bannaanida Joogtada ah ee dadka Falastiiniyiinta ah ee ku nool dhulka la haysto ee Falastiin, oo ay ku jirto Bariga Jerusalem, iyo dadka Carabta ah ee ku nool Golan Suuriya ee la haysto ee ku saabsan kheyraadkooda dabiiciga ah A/RES/70/225] [https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2012/ga11317.doc.htm "Qaramada Midoobay Golaha Guud ee Toddoba iyo Lixdan: Golaha Guud ee Guud, Kulamada 44aad & 45aad (PM & Habeenkii). GA/11317: Golaha Guud wuxuu si aqlabiyad ah ugu codeeyay in Falastiin 'Xaaladda Kormeerayaasha aan Xubin ka ahayn' ee Qaramada Midoobay"] [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/israel-defies-un-after-vote-on-palestine-with-plans-for-3000-new-homes-in-the-west-bank-8372494.html "Israa'iil ayaa diidday Qaramada Midoobay ka dib markii ay u codaysay Falastiin iyadoo qorsheynaysa 3,000 oo guri oo cusub oo ku yaal Daanta Galbeed] [https://apnews.com/article/un-resolution-palestinians-membership-rights-us-assembly-875560e897f27d6600090420f36404e4 "Golaha Qaramada Midoobay ayaa ansixiyay qaraar siinaya Falastiin xuquuq cusub iyo dib u soo nooleynta xubinnimadeeda Qaramada Midoobay"] [https://www.alquds.edu/en/news/staff-news/38806/al-quds-university-wins-a-five-star-rating-in-all-qs-international-indicators-as-the-first-university-in-the-history-of-palestinian-higher-education/ "Jaamacada Al-Quds waxay ku guulaysatay Qiimaynta Shanta Xiddig ee dhammaan QS International tilmaamayaasha sida Jaamacaddii ugu horeysay ee Taariikhda Waxbarashada Sare ee Falastiin"] [https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/1/29/palestine-bow-out-of-asian-cup-after-spirited-display-against-qatar "Falastiin ayaa ka hartay koobka Asia ka dib markii ay soo bandhigeen ciyaar aad u xiiso badan oo ay la ciyaareen Qatar] [https://www.onlinebettingacademy.com/stats/venue/palestine/faisal-al-husseini-international-stadium/7829 "Faisal Al-Husseini International Stadium | Falastiin, Falastiin, Jabal Al Mukaber, Shabab Al Am'ari, Hilal Al-Quds • Stats"] [https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2024/8/11/the-gaza-man-a-palestinians-quest-to-make-it-to-the-olympics "Ninka Gaza: Doonista Falastiiniyiinta si ay ugu soo baxdo Olombikada Paris"] [https://www.nli.org.il/he/maps/NNL_ALEPH990038051210205171/NLI#$FL27975722 "Khariidadda gobolka Hebron oo ay soo saartay Sahanka Falastiin, oo muujinaya dhismaha 'El Moskobiya'] {{Wayback|url=https://www.nli.org.il/he/maps/NNL_ALEPH990038051210205171/NLI#$FL27975722 |date=20240525051131 }} [https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/portals/_pcbs/PressRelease/Press_En_Preliminary_Results_Report-en.pdf#page=14.67 "Natiijooyinka horudhaca ah ee Tirakoobka Dadweynaha, Guryaha iyo Dhismaha, 2017"] [https://thewire.in/world/trapped-in-indefinite-exile-the-history-of-palestinian-refugees-over-last-seven-decades "Ku xayiran masaafuris aan xad lahayn: Taariikhda Qaxootiga Falastiiniyiinta Todobaatankii sano ee la soo dhaafay"] [https://www.fifa.com/football-development/fifa-forward/news/origin1904-p.cxm.fifa.com/palestinian-football-set-for-the-future-with-refreshed-stadium-and-new-modern-fa "Kubadda cagta Falastiin ayaa loo dejiyay mustaqbalka oo leh garoon dib loo cusbooneysiiyey iyo qalab cusub oo casri ah"] [https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/statisticsIndicatorsTables.aspx?lang=en&table_id=676 "Qiyaastii dadka reer Falastiin badhtamihii sanadka ee maamul goboleedka, 1997-2026"]{{reflist}} {{western Asia}} bqj1tso2ctr336dpvyyuacq33xmemyt 0 36921 308916 308914 2026-09-22T13:05:45Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{merge|Balkans Yurub}} {{Infobox peninsulas | name = | local_name = | image = Geographic map of Balkan Peninsula.svg | image_caption = Geographical map of the Balkan Peninsula | image_alt = The Balkan Peninsula according to Prof. R. J. Crampton | locator_map = | mapframe-zoom = 4 | location = Koon-bari Bari [[Europe]] | coordinates = | highest_mount = [[Musala]] ([[Bulgaria]]) | elevation_m = 2925 | country = [[#Definitions and boundaries|Eeg hoose]] | demonym = }} Erayga '''Balkan''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɔː|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BAWL|kənz}}, ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɒ|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BOL|kənz}} </ref>), oo qayb ahaan u dhigma '''Jasiiradda Balkan''', waa deegaan juqraafi ah oo ku yaalla [[southeastern Europe|koon-bari Bari Yurub]] oo leh qeexitaanno juqraafi iyo taariikheed oo kala duwan.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7BakAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA116 |first1=Colin S. |last1=Gray |first2=Geoffrey |last2=Sloan |title=Geopolitics, Geography and Strategy |access-date=10 November 2014 |isbn=9781135265021 |year=2014|publisher=Routledge }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |title=Balkans |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2017-12-13 |archive-date=17 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517055138/https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Schaefer2008">{{cite book |author=Richard T. Schaefer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMUola6pDnkC&pg=PT181 |title=Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society |publisher=Sage |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4129-2694-2 |page=129}}</ref> Gobolku magaciisa wuxuu ka qaataa [[Balkan Mountains|Buuraha Balkan]] ee dherisan dhammaan [[Bulgaria]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Niktalab |first=Poopak |author-link=Poopak NikTalab |title=Over the Alps: History of Children and Youth Literature in Europe |publisher=Faradid Publisher |year=2024 |isbn=9786225740457 |edition=1st |location=Tehran, Iran |pages=6 |language=fa}}</ref> Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa xudduud la leh [[Adriatic Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Ionian Sea]] oo dhanka koon-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Aegean Sea]] oo dhanka koonfureed kaga beegan, [[Turkish Straits]] oo dhanka bari kaga beegan, iyo [[Black Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-bari kaga beegan. Xudduuda waqooyi ee [[peninsula|jasiiradda]] waxaa loo qeexaa si kala duwan.<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017">{{cite book |author=Alexander Vezenkov |editor=Roumen Dontchev Daskalov, Tchavdar Marinov |title=Entangled Histories of the Balkans – Volume Four: Concepts, Approaches, and (Self-) Representations |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R3cEDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA141 |year=2017 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-33782-4 |pages=115–256 |chapter=Entangled Geographies of the Balkans: The Boundaries of the Region and the Limits of the Discipline}}</ref> Meesha ugu sarreysa ee Balkans waa [[Musala]], {{convert|2925|m}}, oo ku taalla silsiladda buuraleyda [[Rila]], Bulgaria. Fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,<ref name="Tomic2006">{{cite book |author=Olga M. Tomic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MFWOYUHULgsC&pg=PA35 |title=Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-4020-4488-5 |page=35}}</ref> kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey Buuraha Balkan inay yihiin n galka buuraleyda ee ugu muhiimsan koon-bari Bari Yurub ee ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow. Qarnigii 19-aad ereyga ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' wuxuu ahaa mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]], qaybaha Yurub ee ahaa gobollada [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]] xilligaas. Wax lahayd qeexitaan siyaasadeed intii ay ahaan lahayd mid juqraafi ah, taas oo sii xoogaysatay intii lagu jiray [[creation of Yugoslavia|aasaaskii Yugoslaafiya]] horraantii qarnigii 20-aad. Qeexitaanka xudduudaha dabiiciga ah ee Jasiiradda Balkan ma waafaqsana qeexitaanka farsamo ee jasiiradda; sidaas darteed juqraafaayeyaasha casriga ah waxay diidaan fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan, halka culimada taariikhdu ay badanaa kaga hadlaan Balkans sidii gobol. Eraygani wuxuu helay macne sumcad xumo iyo aflagaado ah oo la xiriira habka [[Balkanization]].<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/><ref name="BideleuxJeffries2007">{{cite book |author1=Robert Bideleux |author2=Ian Jeffries |title=The Balkans: A Post-Communist History |url=https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide |url-access=registration |year=2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-58328-7 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide/page/n22 1]–3}}</ref> Gobolka waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeri karaa [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]]. Xudduudaha qaranka ee Balkans, oo ay sabab u tahay qeexitaanno badan oo is khilaafaya, waa kuwo aad loogu murmo, iyada oo aan jirin heshiis caalami ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha ay ka kooban tahay. Sida ku cad qeexitaannada badankood, ereygu wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[Albania]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Croatia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiyada [[Sava]] iyo [[Kupa]]), dhulka weyn ee [[Greece]], [[Kosovo]], [[Montenegro]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Romania]] (oo keliya [[Northern Dobruja]]), [[Serbia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiga [[Danube]]), [[Slovenia]] (qiyaasta hoose ee koon-galbeed) iyo [[East Thrace]] ee ku taalla [[Turkey]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qeexitaanno kale oo ballaaran ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ku jira dhulka harsan ee Romania iyo Serbia. Intaa waxaa dheer, qeexitaanno qaar ayaa waxaa ku jira [[Hungary]] iyo [[Moldova]] sababo la xiriira arrimo dhaqameed iyo kuwo taariikheed. [[province of Trieste|Gobolka Trieste]] ee waqooyi-bari [[Italy]], inkasta oo qeexitaanno qaar ay ku taallo jasiiradda juqraafiyaha ah, haddana guud ahaan waa laga saaray Balkans marka laga eego xaalad goboleed. ==Magaca== ===Asalka erayga=== Asalka erayga ''Balkan'' waa mid aan caddayn; waxaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriirto luqadda [[Turkish language|Turkish]] {{lang|tr|bālk}} 'dhiiqo' (laga soo bilaabo Proto-Turkic *''bal'' 'dhiiqo, dhoobo; walax culus ama dhegdheg leh', eeg sidoo kale Turkic [[:en:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bạl|bal]] 'malab'), iyo suufijinta Turkish ''-an'' 'kayn dhiiqo leh'<ref>Current Trends in Altaic Linguistics; [https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings European Balkan(s), Turkic bal(yk) and the Problem of Their Original Meanings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710141315/https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings |date=10 July 2022 }}, Marek Stachowski, Jagiellonian University, p. 618.</ref> ama [[Persian language|Faaris]] ''bālā-khāna'' 'guri weyn oo sarreeya'.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Waxaa loo isticmaali jiray inta badan xilligii [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]]. Labada [[Ottoman Turkish]] iyo [[Turkish language|Turkish-ka casriga ah]], ''{{lang|tr|balkan}}'' waxaa loola jeedaa 'silsilad buuro kaymo leh'.<ref name="Balkan.">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |title=Balkan |encyclopedia=Encarta World English Dictionary |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070110000315/http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |archive-date=10 January 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Büyük Türkçe Sözlük |title=balkan |publisher=Türk Dil Kurumu |url=http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |quote=Sarp ve ormanlık sıradağ |language=tr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825034714/http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |archive-date=25 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kélékian |first=Diran |title=Dictionnaire Turc-Français |publisher=Mihran |year=1911 |pages=247 |language=fr |chapter=بالقان balqan |quote=Chaîne de montagnes couveres de forêts. ''Geogr.'' Le mont Hæmus; le Balkan.}}</ref> ===Magacyadii taariikhiga ahaa iyo macnaha=== ====Laga soo bilaabo qadiimiga ilaa qarniyadii dhexe ee horraanta==== Gobolka maanta loo yaqaanno Balkans waa inta badan [[Danube civilisation|ilbaxnimadii duqda ahayd ee Danube]] (taas oo ahayd tii ugu da'da weynayd Yurub),<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tiLoDwAAQBAJ|title=The Mystery of the Danube Civilisation|last1=Haarmann|first1=Harald|publisher=Marix Verlag|date=2020|isbn=9783843806466}}</ref> oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno ilbaxnimadii [[Old Europe (archaeology)|Yurubta Duqda ah]], taas oo gaartay heerkeedii ugu sarreeyay int u dhaxaysay 5000 iyo 3500 C.H.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFEARIQ6zYoC|title=The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC|date=2010|isbn=9780691143880|last1=Anthony|first1=David|editor-last1=Anthony|editor-first1=David|editor-last2=Chi|editor-first2=Jennifer|publisher=New York University, Institute for the Study of the Ancient World|pages=29}}</ref> {{Anchor|Haemus}}Laga soo bilaabo [[classical antiquity|xilligii qadiimiga ahaa ee classic]] ilaa [[Middle Ages|Qarniyadii Dhexe]], Buuraha Balkan waxaa loogu yeeri jiray magaca [[Thracians|Thracian]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VDoQAQAAMAAJ&q=hemus+thracian+name |title=Bulgaria |page=54 |work=Hemus – a Thracian name |publisher=Indiana University |year=1986}}</ref> ee [[Haemus]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Balkan Studies|date=1986|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus}}</ref> Sida ku cad khuraafaadka Giriigga, boqorka [[Thrace|Thracian]] [[Haemus]] waxaa [[Zeus]] u beddelay buur ciqaab ahaan buurtiina waxay ku hartay magaciisii.<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 6.87–89</ref> Nidaam magac oo roon ayaa sidoo kale la soo jeediyay. D. Dechev wuxuu u arkaa in Haemus (Αἷμος) laga soo qaatay erayga [[Thracian language|Thracian]] ''*saimon'', oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhabarka buurta'.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Decev |first1=D |title=Balkan Studies |date=1986 |publisher=University of Michigan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus |access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Suurtagalnimada saddexaad ayaa ah in "Haemus" ({{lang|grc|Αἵμος}}) uu ka soo jeedo erayga Giriigga ah ee ''haima'' ({{lang|grc|αἷμα}}) oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhiig'. Khuraafaadku wuxuu la xiriiraa dagaal dhex maray [[Zeus]] iyo bahalkii/ninkii weynaa ee [[Typhon]]. Zeus wuxuu dhaawacay Typhon oo wata hillaac dhiiggii Typhonna wuxuu ku dhacay buuraha, taas oo siiyay magacooda.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069/page/20 20]|quote=Haemus bloody zeus typhon.|title=Gods and Heroes of the Greeks: The Library of Apollodorus|publisher=Univ of Massachusetts Press|access-date=12 September 2014|isbn=978-0870232060|last1=Apollodorus|year=1976}}</ref> ====Qarniyadii Dhexe ee dambe iyo xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta==== Xusidda ugu horreysa ee magaca waxay ka muuqataa khariidad Carabi ah oo qarnigii 14-aad ah, taas oo [[Haemus Mons|Buuraha Haemus]] loogu yeero ''Balkan''.<ref name="Dobrev 1989">{{cite book | title = Проиcхождение географического названия Балкан – Sixieme Congres international d'etudes du Sud-Est Europeen |language=fr | first= Ivan | last = Dobrev | publisher = Ed.de l'Académie bulgare des Sciences | year = 1989 | location = Sofia | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jxYZnQEACAAJ }}</ref> Markii ugu horreysay ee la xaqiijiyo in magaca "Balkan" loo isticmaalay Galbeedka silsiladda buuraleyda ee [[Bulgaria]] waxay ahayd warqad la diray 1565 oo loo diray Pope [[Pope Innocent VIII|Innocent VIII]] waxaa qoray [[Filippo Buonaccorsi]], oo ahaa aqoonyahan Talyaani ah, qoraa iyo diblomaasi.<ref>{{cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |author-link=Maria Todorova |title=[[Imagining the Balkans]] |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538786-5 |page=22}}</ref> [[Ottoman Turks|Cusmaaniyiintu]] waxay marka ugu horreysa ku xuseen dukumenti taariikhdiisu tahay 1565.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Ma jirin wax isticmaal ah oo kale oo la diiwaangeliyey oo eraygan loogu isticmaalay in lagu tixraaco gobolka ka hor inta aan la gaarin waqtigaas, inkasta oo qabiilooyin kale oo Turkic ah ay horay ugu degeen ama ay soo mareen gobolka.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27">{{cite book | title = Imagining the Balkans | first=Maria N. | last =Todorova | publisher = Oxford University Press, Inc. | year = 1997 | location = New York | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-EuFwLQhvYMC&pg=PA27 | page=27| isbn=9780195087512 }}</ref> Waxaa sidoo kale jirta sheegasho ku saabsan asal hore oo [[Oghuric languages|Bulgar]] Turkic ah oo erayga ka mid ah oo caan ka ah Bulgaria, si kastaba ha ahaatee waa sheegasho aan cilmiyeysnayn oo keliya.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Erayga waxaa ay Cusmaaniyiintu u isticmaaleen [[Rumelia]] macnihiisa guud ee buurta, sida ku jirta ''Kod̲j̲a-Balkan'', ''Čatal-Balkan'', iyo ''Ungurus-Balkani̊'', laakiin gaar ahaan waxaa lagu dabaqay buurta Haemus.<ref>Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Editors: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Online Reference Works.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&s.start=300|title=Balkan – Brill Reference|website=Brillonline.com|date=2012-04-24|last1=Inalcık|first1=Halil|archive-date=18 May 2015|access-date=7 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074444/http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&s.start=300|url-status=live}}</ref> Magacu weli wuxuu ku sugan yahay [[Central Asia|Aasiyada Dhexe]] oo wata [[Balkan Daglary]] (Buuraha Balkan)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |title=Balkan Mountains |work=World Land Features Database |publisher=Land.WorldCityDB.com |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228223148/http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |archive-date=28 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> iyo [[Balkan Region]] ee [[Turkmenistan]]. Safarka Ingiriiska ah [[John Bacon Sawrey Morritt]] ayaa ku soo bandhigay eraygan suugaanta Ingiriiska dhamaadkii qarnigii 18-aad, qoraaya kalena waxay bilaabeen inay magaca ku dabaqaan aagga ballaaran ee u dhexeeya Badda Adriatic iyo Badda Madow. Fikradda "Balkans" waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,<ref>{{cite web|last=Pavic|first=Silvia|url=http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm|title=Some Thoughts About The Balkans|publisher=About, Inc.|date=22 November 2000|access-date=31 March 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080228230925/http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm| archive-date= 28 February 2008 | url-status=live}}</ref> kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey nidaamka buuraleyda dhexe ee Yurubta Koon-bari oo ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow.<ref name="Somek15"/><ref name="Altić11"/><ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/> Intii lagu jiray 1820-meeyadii, "Balkan wuxuu noqday erayga la door biday inkasta oo aanu weli ahayn mid gaar ah oo ay weheliso Haemus oo ay isticmaali jireen dadka safarka ah ee Ingiriiska... Dadka safarka ah ee Ruushka ee aan culayska ku hayn toponymy-ga qadiimiga ah, Balkan wuxuu ahaa erayga la door biday".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |title=Imagining the Balkans |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195087512 |page=24}}</ref> Buugaagta Yurub ee la daabacay ilaa dhammaadkii 1800-meeyadii waxaa sidoo kale loogu yiqiin Jasiiradda Illyrian ama Illyrische Halbinsel ee Jarmalka.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5RhYAAAAcAAJ |title=Illyrische Halbinsel |year=1851}}</ref> ===Isbeddelka macnaha qarniyadii 19-aad iyo 20-aad=== [[File:Cvijic, Jovan - Breisemeister, William A. - Carte ethnographique de la Péninsule balkanique (pd).jpg |thumb|265px|Khariidadda Jasiiradda Balkan ee laga soo bilaabo 1918 oo si weyn ugu saleysan [[Jovan Cvijić]]]]Erayga si caadi ah looma isticmaali jirin suugaanta juqraafiyada illaa badhtamihii qarnigii 19-aad sababtoo ah, markaas horeba, saynisyahano sida [[Carl Ritter]] waxay ka digeen in qaybta koonfureed ee Buuraha Balkan oo keliya loo tixgeliyo inay tahay jasiirad waxayna ku taliyeen in loo bixiyo "Jasiiradda Giriigga". Juqraafiyeyaasha kale ee caanka ah ee aan ku raacsanayn Zeune waxay ahaayeen [[Hermann Wagner (geographer)|Hermann Wagner]], [[Theobald Fischer]], [[Marion Newbigin]], iyo [[Albrecht Penck]], halka diblomaasiga Austria [[Johann Georg von Hahn]], sannadkii 1869, isla dhulkaas, uu isticmaalay erayga ''Südosteuropäische Halbinsel'' ('Jasiiradda Yurubta Koon-bari'). Sabab kale oo aan si weyn loogu aqbalin sida qeexitaanka [[East Thrace|Turkida Yurub]] ee xilligaas ay ahayd inay lahayd baaxad dhul oo la mid ah.{{clarify|date=April 2025}} Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib [[Congress of Berlin|Shirweynihii Berlin]] (1878) waxaa jirtay baahi siyaasadeed oo loo qabay eray cusub oo tartiib tartiib ah "Balkans" dib loogu soo nooleeyay, laakiin khariirado badan, xudduuda waqooyi waxay ahayd Serbia iyo Montenegro isla markaana Giriiggu ma jirin (waxay muujinaysaa oo keliya qaybaha Yurub ee ay markaas hayssteen Cusmaaniyiintu), halka khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyana ay ku jireen Croatia iyo Bosnia. Xilligaas, ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' sidoo kale waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]] ama ''Turkiga Yurub'', iyo, macnaheeda ugu ballaaran, waxay daboolaysay xudduudaha dhammaan gobollada hore ee Cusmaaniyiinta ee Yurub.<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/><ref name="Altić11"/><ref name="VezenkovIWM06">{{cite journal |last=Vezenkov |first=Alexander |date=2006 |title=History against Geography: Should We Always Think of the Balkans As Part of Europe? |url=http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |journal=Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences |volume=XXI |issue=4 |access-date=5 January 2018 |archive-date=24 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224123749/http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Isticmaalka eraygu wuxuu isbeddelay dhammaadkii qarnigii 19-aad iyo horraantii qarnigii 20-aad, markii ay qaateen juqraafiyeyaasha Serbia, ugu caansanaa [[Jovan Cvijić]].<ref name="Somek15"/> Waxaa lagu sameeyay sababayn siyaasadeed oo caddayn u ah [[Serbian nationalism|Waddaniyadda Serbia]] ee dhulka oo dhan ee [[South Slavs|Slawga Koonfureed]], waxaana sidoo kale ku jiray daraasado anthropologi iyo etnologi ah oo ku saabsan Slawga Koonfureed oo lagu sheegtay aragtiyo waddaniyadeed iyo jinsiyeed oo kala duwan.<ref name="Somek15"/> Siyaasadaha caynkaas ah iyo khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyada erayga waxaa loo sarreeysiiyay heerka casriga ah ee gobol juqraafi ah.<ref name="Altić11"/> Eraygu wuxuu helay tilmaamo waddaniyadeed siyaasadeed oo ka fog macnihiisa juqraafi ee bilowga ah,<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/> oo ka soo unkamay isbeddelladii siyaasadeed ee dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad ilaa abuuritaanka [[World War I|Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka]] ka dib [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] (bilowgii [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Boqortooyada Serbs, Croats iyo Slovenes]] 1918).<ref name="Altić11"/> Ka dib [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|kala diristii Yugoslaafiyada]] oo bilaabatay bishii Juun 1991, erayga ''Balkans'' wuxuu helay macne siyaasadeed oo xun, gaar ahaan Croatia iyo Slovenia, iyo sidoo kale adeegsiga caadiga ah ee adduunka oo dhan ee loogu talagalay isku dhacyada dagaalka iyo kala qaybsanaanta dhulka.<ref name="Somek15"/><ref name="Altić11"/> ===Yurubta Koon-bari Bari=== {{Main|Southeast Europe}} Qayb ahaan waxaa sabab u ah macnaha taariikhiga ah iyo kan siyaasadeed ee erayga ''Balkans'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/balkanize|title=Balkanize|publisher=merriam-webster.com}}</ref> gaar ahaan tan iyo markii ay dhaceen isku dhacyadii militariga ee 1990-meeyadii ee Yugoslaafiyada qaybteeda galbeed, erayga [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]] wuxuu noqonayaa mid si aad u weyn u caan baxaya.<ref name="Altić11"/><ref>{{cite book |title=A history of Eastern Europe |last=Bideleux |first=Robert |author2=Ian Jeffries |year=2007 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-415-36627-4 |page=37 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTB0gn_qwTcC}}</ref> Hindise ay lahayd [[European Union|Midowga Yurub]] (EU) oo soo baxay 1999 ayaa la yiraahdaa [[Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe|Heshiiska Xasiloonida ee Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]]. Wargeyska internetka ee ''Balkan Times'' ayaa dib loo magacaabay ''[[Southeast European Times]]'' sannadkii 2003.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} ===Hadda=== Luqadaha kale ee Balkans, gobolka ama jasiiradda waxaa loo yaqaanaa: * Luqadaha Slavic: ** [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] iyo {{langx|mk|Балкански Полуостров}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|mk|Balkanski Poluostrov}}'' ** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]], [[Montenegrin language|Montenegrin]] iyo {{langx|sr|Balkansko poluostrvo}} / {{lang|sr-cyrl|Балканско полуострво}} ** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] iyo {{langx|hr|Balkanski poluotok}} ** {{langx|sl|Balkanski polotok}} * Luqadaha Romance: ** {{langx|rup|Peninsula Balcanicã}} ama {{lang|rup|Balcani}} ** {{langx|ro|Peninsula Balcanică}} ama {{lang|ro|Balcani}} ** {{langx|it|Penisola balcanica}} ama {{lang|it|Balcani}} * Luqadaha kale: ** {{langx|sq|Gadishulli Ballkanik}} iyo ''{{lang|sq|Siujdhesa e Ballkanit}}'' ** {{langx|el|Βαλκανική χερσόνησος}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|el|Valkaniki chersonisos}}'' ** {{langx|hu|Balkán-félsziget}} ama ''Balkán'' ** {{langx|tr|Balkan Yarımadası}} ama ''Balkanlar'' ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} 6i0zhk56bqvwkxkptexl5srbrzz2s14 308926 308916 2026-09-22T13:36:26Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox peninsulas | name = | local_name = | image = Geographic map of Balkan Peninsula.svg | image_caption = Geographical map of the Balkan Peninsula | image_alt = The Balkan Peninsula according to Prof. R. J. Crampton | locator_map = | mapframe-zoom = 4 | location = Koon-bari Bari [[Europe]] | coordinates = | highest_mount = [[Musala]] ([[Bulgaria]]) | elevation_m = 2925 | country = [[#Definitions and boundaries|Eeg hoose]] | demonym = }} Erayga '''Balkan''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɔː|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BAWL|kənz}}, ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɒ|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BOL|kənz}} </ref>), oo qayb ahaan u dhigma '''Jasiiradda Balkan''', waa deegaan juqraafi ah oo ku yaalla [[southeastern Europe|koon-bari Bari Yurub]] oo leh qeexitaanno juqraafi iyo taariikheed oo kala duwan.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7BakAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA116 |first1=Colin S. |last1=Gray |first2=Geoffrey |last2=Sloan |title=Geopolitics, Geography and Strategy |access-date=10 November 2014 |isbn=9781135265021 |year=2014|publisher=Routledge }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |title=Balkans |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2017-12-13 |archive-date=17 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517055138/https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Schaefer2008">{{cite book |author=Richard T. Schaefer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMUola6pDnkC&pg=PT181 |title=Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society |publisher=Sage |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4129-2694-2 |page=129}}</ref> Gobolku magaciisa wuxuu ka qaataa [[Balkan Mountains|Buuraha Balkan]] ee dherisan dhammaan [[Bulgaria]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Niktalab |first=Poopak |author-link=Poopak NikTalab |title=Over the Alps: History of Children and Youth Literature in Europe |publisher=Faradid Publisher |year=2024 |isbn=9786225740457 |edition=1st |location=Tehran, Iran |pages=6 |language=fa}}</ref> Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa xudduud la leh [[Adriatic Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Ionian Sea]] oo dhanka koon-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Aegean Sea]] oo dhanka koonfureed kaga beegan, [[Turkish Straits]] oo dhanka bari kaga beegan, iyo [[Black Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-bari kaga beegan. Xudduuda waqooyi ee [[peninsula|jasiiradda]] waxaa loo qeexaa si kala duwan.<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017">{{cite book |author=Alexander Vezenkov |editor=Roumen Dontchev Daskalov, Tchavdar Marinov |title=Entangled Histories of the Balkans – Volume Four: Concepts, Approaches, and (Self-) Representations |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R3cEDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA141 |year=2017 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-33782-4 |pages=115–256 |chapter=Entangled Geographies of the Balkans: The Boundaries of the Region and the Limits of the Discipline}}</ref> Meesha ugu sarreysa ee Balkans waa [[Musala]], {{convert|2925|m}}, oo ku taalla silsiladda buuraleyda [[Rila]], Bulgaria. Fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,<ref name="Tomic2006">{{cite book |author=Olga M. Tomic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MFWOYUHULgsC&pg=PA35 |title=Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-4020-4488-5 |page=35}}</ref> kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey Buuraha Balkan inay yihiin n galka buuraleyda ee ugu muhiimsan koon-bari Bari Yurub ee ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow. Qarnigii 19-aad ereyga ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' wuxuu ahaa mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]], qaybaha Yurub ee ahaa gobollada [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]] xilligaas. Wax lahayd qeexitaan siyaasadeed intii ay ahaan lahayd mid juqraafi ah, taas oo sii xoogaysatay intii lagu jiray [[creation of Yugoslavia|aasaaskii Yugoslaafiya]] horraantii qarnigii 20-aad. Qeexitaanka xudduudaha dabiiciga ah ee Jasiiradda Balkan ma waafaqsana qeexitaanka farsamo ee jasiiradda; sidaas darteed juqraafaayeyaasha casriga ah waxay diidaan fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan, halka culimada taariikhdu ay badanaa kaga hadlaan Balkans sidii gobol. Eraygani wuxuu helay macne sumcad xumo iyo aflagaado ah oo la xiriira habka [[Balkanization]].<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/><ref name="BideleuxJeffries2007">{{cite book |author1=Robert Bideleux |author2=Ian Jeffries |title=The Balkans: A Post-Communist History |url=https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide |url-access=registration |year=2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-58328-7 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide/page/n22 1]–3}}</ref> Gobolka waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeri karaa [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]]. Xudduudaha qaranka ee Balkans, oo ay sabab u tahay qeexitaanno badan oo is khilaafaya, waa kuwo aad loogu murmo, iyada oo aan jirin heshiis caalami ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha ay ka kooban tahay. Sida ku cad qeexitaannada badankood, ereygu wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[Albania]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Croatia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiyada [[Sava]] iyo [[Kupa]]), dhulka weyn ee [[Greece]], [[Kosovo]], [[Montenegro]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Romania]] (oo keliya [[Northern Dobruja]]), [[Serbia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiga [[Danube]]), [[Slovenia]] (qiyaasta hoose ee koon-galbeed) iyo [[East Thrace]] ee ku taalla [[Turkey]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qeexitaanno kale oo ballaaran ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ku jira dhulka harsan ee Romania iyo Serbia. Intaa waxaa dheer, qeexitaanno qaar ayaa waxaa ku jira [[Hungary]] iyo [[Moldova]] sababo la xiriira arrimo dhaqameed iyo kuwo taariikheed. [[province of Trieste|Gobolka Trieste]] ee waqooyi-bari [[Italy]], inkasta oo qeexitaanno qaar ay ku taallo jasiiradda juqraafiyaha ah, haddana guud ahaan waa laga saaray Balkans marka laga eego xaalad goboleed. ==Magaca== ===Asalka erayga=== Asalka erayga ''Balkan'' waa mid aan caddayn; waxaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriirto luqadda [[Turkish language|Turkish]] {{lang|tr|bālk}} 'dhiiqo' (laga soo bilaabo Proto-Turkic *''bal'' 'dhiiqo, dhoobo; walax culus ama dhegdheg leh', eeg sidoo kale Turkic [[:en:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bạl|bal]] 'malab'), iyo suufijinta Turkish ''-an'' 'kayn dhiiqo leh'<ref>Current Trends in Altaic Linguistics; [https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings European Balkan(s), Turkic bal(yk) and the Problem of Their Original Meanings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710141315/https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings |date=10 July 2022 }}, Marek Stachowski, Jagiellonian University, p. 618.</ref> ama [[Persian language|Faaris]] ''bālā-khāna'' 'guri weyn oo sarreeya'.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Waxaa loo isticmaali jiray inta badan xilligii [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]]. Labada [[Ottoman Turkish]] iyo [[Turkish language|Turkish-ka casriga ah]], ''{{lang|tr|balkan}}'' waxaa loola jeedaa 'silsilad buuro kaymo leh'.<ref name="Balkan.">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |title=Balkan |encyclopedia=Encarta World English Dictionary |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070110000315/http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |archive-date=10 January 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Büyük Türkçe Sözlük |title=balkan |publisher=Türk Dil Kurumu |url=http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |quote=Sarp ve ormanlık sıradağ |language=tr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825034714/http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |archive-date=25 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kélékian |first=Diran |title=Dictionnaire Turc-Français |publisher=Mihran |year=1911 |pages=247 |language=fr |chapter=بالقان balqan |quote=Chaîne de montagnes couveres de forêts. ''Geogr.'' Le mont Hæmus; le Balkan.}}</ref> ===Magacyadii taariikhiga ahaa iyo macnaha=== ====Laga soo bilaabo qadiimiga ilaa qarniyadii dhexe ee horraanta==== Gobolka maanta loo yaqaanno Balkans waa inta badan [[Danube civilisation|ilbaxnimadii duqda ahayd ee Danube]] (taas oo ahayd tii ugu da'da weynayd Yurub),<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tiLoDwAAQBAJ|title=The Mystery of the Danube Civilisation|last1=Haarmann|first1=Harald|publisher=Marix Verlag|date=2020|isbn=9783843806466}}</ref> oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno ilbaxnimadii [[Old Europe (archaeology)|Yurubta Duqda ah]], taas oo gaartay heerkeedii ugu sarreeyay int u dhaxaysay 5000 iyo 3500 C.H.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFEARIQ6zYoC|title=The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC|date=2010|isbn=9780691143880|last1=Anthony|first1=David|editor-last1=Anthony|editor-first1=David|editor-last2=Chi|editor-first2=Jennifer|publisher=New York University, Institute for the Study of the Ancient World|pages=29}}</ref> {{Anchor|Haemus}}Laga soo bilaabo [[classical antiquity|xilligii qadiimiga ahaa ee classic]] ilaa [[Middle Ages|Qarniyadii Dhexe]], Buuraha Balkan waxaa loogu yeeri jiray magaca [[Thracians|Thracian]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VDoQAQAAMAAJ&q=hemus+thracian+name |title=Bulgaria |page=54 |work=Hemus – a Thracian name |publisher=Indiana University |year=1986}}</ref> ee [[Haemus]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Balkan Studies|date=1986|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus}}</ref> Sida ku cad khuraafaadka Giriigga, boqorka [[Thrace|Thracian]] [[Haemus]] waxaa [[Zeus]] u beddelay buur ciqaab ahaan buurtiina waxay ku hartay magaciisii.<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 6.87–89</ref> Nidaam magac oo roon ayaa sidoo kale la soo jeediyay. D. Dechev wuxuu u arkaa in Haemus (Αἷμος) laga soo qaatay erayga [[Thracian language|Thracian]] ''*saimon'', oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhabarka buurta'.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Decev |first1=D |title=Balkan Studies |date=1986 |publisher=University of Michigan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus |access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Suurtagalnimada saddexaad ayaa ah in "Haemus" ({{lang|grc|Αἵμος}}) uu ka soo jeedo erayga Giriigga ah ee ''haima'' ({{lang|grc|αἷμα}}) oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhiig'. Khuraafaadku wuxuu la xiriiraa dagaal dhex maray [[Zeus]] iyo bahalkii/ninkii weynaa ee [[Typhon]]. Zeus wuxuu dhaawacay Typhon oo wata hillaac dhiiggii Typhonna wuxuu ku dhacay buuraha, taas oo siiyay magacooda.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069/page/20 20]|quote=Haemus bloody zeus typhon.|title=Gods and Heroes of the Greeks: The Library of Apollodorus|publisher=Univ of Massachusetts Press|access-date=12 September 2014|isbn=978-0870232060|last1=Apollodorus|year=1976}}</ref> ====Qarniyadii Dhexe ee dambe iyo xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta==== Xusidda ugu horreysa ee magaca waxay ka muuqataa khariidad Carabi ah oo qarnigii 14-aad ah, taas oo [[Haemus Mons|Buuraha Haemus]] loogu yeero ''Balkan''.<ref name="Dobrev 1989">{{cite book | title = Проиcхождение географического названия Балкан – Sixieme Congres international d'etudes du Sud-Est Europeen |language=fr | first= Ivan | last = Dobrev | publisher = Ed.de l'Académie bulgare des Sciences | year = 1989 | location = Sofia | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jxYZnQEACAAJ }}</ref> Markii ugu horreysay ee la xaqiijiyo in magaca "Balkan" loo isticmaalay Galbeedka silsiladda buuraleyda ee [[Bulgaria]] waxay ahayd warqad la diray 1565 oo loo diray Pope [[Pope Innocent VIII|Innocent VIII]] waxaa qoray [[Filippo Buonaccorsi]], oo ahaa aqoonyahan Talyaani ah, qoraa iyo diblomaasi.<ref>{{cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |author-link=Maria Todorova |title=[[Imagining the Balkans]] |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538786-5 |page=22}}</ref> [[Ottoman Turks|Cusmaaniyiintu]] waxay marka ugu horreysa ku xuseen dukumenti taariikhdiisu tahay 1565.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Ma jirin wax isticmaal ah oo kale oo la diiwaangeliyey oo eraygan loogu isticmaalay in lagu tixraaco gobolka ka hor inta aan la gaarin waqtigaas, inkasta oo qabiilooyin kale oo Turkic ah ay horay ugu degeen ama ay soo mareen gobolka.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27">{{cite book | title = Imagining the Balkans | first=Maria N. | last =Todorova | publisher = Oxford University Press, Inc. | year = 1997 | location = New York | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-EuFwLQhvYMC&pg=PA27 | page=27| isbn=9780195087512 }}</ref> Waxaa sidoo kale jirta sheegasho ku saabsan asal hore oo [[Oghuric languages|Bulgar]] Turkic ah oo erayga ka mid ah oo caan ka ah Bulgaria, si kastaba ha ahaatee waa sheegasho aan cilmiyeysnayn oo keliya.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Erayga waxaa ay Cusmaaniyiintu u isticmaaleen [[Rumelia]] macnihiisa guud ee buurta, sida ku jirta ''Kod̲j̲a-Balkan'', ''Čatal-Balkan'', iyo ''Ungurus-Balkani̊'', laakiin gaar ahaan waxaa lagu dabaqay buurta Haemus.<ref>Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Editors: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Online Reference Works.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&s.start=300|title=Balkan – Brill Reference|website=Brillonline.com|date=2012-04-24|last1=Inalcık|first1=Halil|archive-date=18 May 2015|access-date=7 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074444/http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&s.start=300|url-status=live}}</ref> Magacu weli wuxuu ku sugan yahay [[Central Asia|Aasiyada Dhexe]] oo wata [[Balkan Daglary]] (Buuraha Balkan)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |title=Balkan Mountains |work=World Land Features Database |publisher=Land.WorldCityDB.com |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228223148/http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |archive-date=28 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> iyo [[Balkan Region]] ee [[Turkmenistan]]. Safarka Ingiriiska ah [[John Bacon Sawrey Morritt]] ayaa ku soo bandhigay eraygan suugaanta Ingiriiska dhamaadkii qarnigii 18-aad, qoraaya kalena waxay bilaabeen inay magaca ku dabaqaan aagga ballaaran ee u dhexeeya Badda Adriatic iyo Badda Madow. Fikradda "Balkans" waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,<ref>{{cite web|last=Pavic|first=Silvia|url=http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm|title=Some Thoughts About The Balkans|publisher=About, Inc.|date=22 November 2000|access-date=31 March 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080228230925/http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm| archive-date= 28 February 2008 | url-status=live}}</ref> kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey nidaamka buuraleyda dhexe ee Yurubta Koon-bari oo ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow.<ref name="Somek15"/><ref name="Altić11"/><ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/> Intii lagu jiray 1820-meeyadii, "Balkan wuxuu noqday erayga la door biday inkasta oo aanu weli ahayn mid gaar ah oo ay weheliso Haemus oo ay isticmaali jireen dadka safarka ah ee Ingiriiska... Dadka safarka ah ee Ruushka ee aan culayska ku hayn toponymy-ga qadiimiga ah, Balkan wuxuu ahaa erayga la door biday".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |title=Imagining the Balkans |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195087512 |page=24}}</ref> Buugaagta Yurub ee la daabacay ilaa dhammaadkii 1800-meeyadii waxaa sidoo kale loogu yiqiin Jasiiradda Illyrian ama Illyrische Halbinsel ee Jarmalka.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5RhYAAAAcAAJ |title=Illyrische Halbinsel |year=1851}}</ref> ===Isbeddelka macnaha qarniyadii 19-aad iyo 20-aad=== [[File:Cvijic, Jovan - Breisemeister, William A. - Carte ethnographique de la Péninsule balkanique (pd).jpg |thumb|265px|Khariidadda Jasiiradda Balkan ee laga soo bilaabo 1918 oo si weyn ugu saleysan [[Jovan Cvijić]]]]Erayga si caadi ah looma isticmaali jirin suugaanta juqraafiyada illaa badhtamihii qarnigii 19-aad sababtoo ah, markaas horeba, saynisyahano sida [[Carl Ritter]] waxay ka digeen in qaybta koonfureed ee Buuraha Balkan oo keliya loo tixgeliyo inay tahay jasiirad waxayna ku taliyeen in loo bixiyo "Jasiiradda Giriigga". Juqraafiyeyaasha kale ee caanka ah ee aan ku raacsanayn Zeune waxay ahaayeen [[Hermann Wagner (geographer)|Hermann Wagner]], [[Theobald Fischer]], [[Marion Newbigin]], iyo [[Albrecht Penck]], halka diblomaasiga Austria [[Johann Georg von Hahn]], sannadkii 1869, isla dhulkaas, uu isticmaalay erayga ''Südosteuropäische Halbinsel'' ('Jasiiradda Yurubta Koon-bari'). Sabab kale oo aan si weyn loogu aqbalin sida qeexitaanka [[East Thrace|Turkida Yurub]] ee xilligaas ay ahayd inay lahayd baaxad dhul oo la mid ah.{{clarify|date=April 2025}} Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib [[Congress of Berlin|Shirweynihii Berlin]] (1878) waxaa jirtay baahi siyaasadeed oo loo qabay eray cusub oo tartiib tartiib ah "Balkans" dib loogu soo nooleeyay, laakiin khariirado badan, xudduuda waqooyi waxay ahayd Serbia iyo Montenegro isla markaana Giriiggu ma jirin (waxay muujinaysaa oo keliya qaybaha Yurub ee ay markaas hayssteen Cusmaaniyiintu), halka khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyana ay ku jireen Croatia iyo Bosnia. Xilligaas, ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' sidoo kale waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]] ama ''Turkiga Yurub'', iyo, macnaheeda ugu ballaaran, waxay daboolaysay xudduudaha dhammaan gobollada hore ee Cusmaaniyiinta ee Yurub.<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/><ref name="Altić11"/><ref name="VezenkovIWM06">{{cite journal |last=Vezenkov |first=Alexander |date=2006 |title=History against Geography: Should We Always Think of the Balkans As Part of Europe? |url=http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |journal=Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences |volume=XXI |issue=4 |access-date=5 January 2018 |archive-date=24 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224123749/http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Isticmaalka eraygu wuxuu isbeddelay dhammaadkii qarnigii 19-aad iyo horraantii qarnigii 20-aad, markii ay qaateen juqraafiyeyaasha Serbia, ugu caansanaa [[Jovan Cvijić]].<ref name="Somek15"/> Waxaa lagu sameeyay sababayn siyaasadeed oo caddayn u ah [[Serbian nationalism|Waddaniyadda Serbia]] ee dhulka oo dhan ee [[South Slavs|Slawga Koonfureed]], waxaana sidoo kale ku jiray daraasado anthropologi iyo etnologi ah oo ku saabsan Slawga Koonfureed oo lagu sheegtay aragtiyo waddaniyadeed iyo jinsiyeed oo kala duwan.<ref name="Somek15"/> Siyaasadaha caynkaas ah iyo khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyada erayga waxaa loo sarreeysiiyay heerka casriga ah ee gobol juqraafi ah.<ref name="Altić11"/> Eraygu wuxuu helay tilmaamo waddaniyadeed siyaasadeed oo ka fog macnihiisa juqraafi ee bilowga ah,<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/> oo ka soo unkamay isbeddelladii siyaasadeed ee dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad ilaa abuuritaanka [[World War I|Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka]] ka dib [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] (bilowgii [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Boqortooyada Serbs, Croats iyo Slovenes]] 1918).<ref name="Altić11"/> Ka dib [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|kala diristii Yugoslaafiyada]] oo bilaabatay bishii Juun 1991, erayga ''Balkans'' wuxuu helay macne siyaasadeed oo xun, gaar ahaan Croatia iyo Slovenia, iyo sidoo kale adeegsiga caadiga ah ee adduunka oo dhan ee loogu talagalay isku dhacyada dagaalka iyo kala qaybsanaanta dhulka.<ref name="Somek15"/><ref name="Altić11"/> ===Yurubta Koon-bari Bari=== {{Main|Southeast Europe}} Qayb ahaan waxaa sabab u ah macnaha taariikhiga ah iyo kan siyaasadeed ee erayga ''Balkans'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/balkanize|title=Balkanize|publisher=merriam-webster.com}}</ref> gaar ahaan tan iyo markii ay dhaceen isku dhacyadii militariga ee 1990-meeyadii ee Yugoslaafiyada qaybteeda galbeed, erayga [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]] wuxuu noqonayaa mid si aad u weyn u caan baxaya.<ref name="Altić11"/><ref>{{cite book |title=A history of Eastern Europe |last=Bideleux |first=Robert |author2=Ian Jeffries |year=2007 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-415-36627-4 |page=37 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTB0gn_qwTcC}}</ref> Hindise ay lahayd [[European Union|Midowga Yurub]] (EU) oo soo baxay 1999 ayaa la yiraahdaa [[Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe|Heshiiska Xasiloonida ee Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]]. Wargeyska internetka ee ''Balkan Times'' ayaa dib loo magacaabay ''[[Southeast European Times]]'' sannadkii 2003.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} ===Hadda=== Luqadaha kale ee Balkans, gobolka ama jasiiradda waxaa loo yaqaanaa: * Luqadaha Slavic: ** [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] iyo {{langx|mk|Балкански Полуостров}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|mk|Balkanski Poluostrov}}'' ** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]], [[Montenegrin language|Montenegrin]] iyo {{langx|sr|Balkansko poluostrvo}} / {{lang|sr-cyrl|Балканско полуострво}} ** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] iyo {{langx|hr|Balkanski poluotok}} ** {{langx|sl|Balkanski polotok}} * Luqadaha Romance: ** {{langx|rup|Peninsula Balcanicã}} ama {{lang|rup|Balcani}} ** {{langx|ro|Peninsula Balcanică}} ama {{lang|ro|Balcani}} ** {{langx|it|Penisola balcanica}} ama {{lang|it|Balcani}} * Luqadaha kale: ** {{langx|sq|Gadishulli Ballkanik}} iyo ''{{lang|sq|Siujdhesa e Ballkanit}}'' ** {{langx|el|Βαλκανική χερσόνησος}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|el|Valkaniki chersonisos}}'' ** {{langx|hu|Balkán-félsziget}} ama ''Balkán'' ** {{langx|tr|Balkan Yarımadası}} ama ''Balkanlar'' ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} j7ysn7x51mihywtx8hfxgmaxiqb9n92 309207 308926 2026-09-23T05:26:44Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox peninsulas | name = | local_name = | image = Geographic map of Balkan Peninsula.svg | image_caption = Geographical map of the Balkan Peninsula | image_alt = The Balkan Peninsula according to Prof. R. J. Crampton | locator_map = | mapframe-zoom = 4 | location = Koon-bari Bari [[Europe]] | coordinates = | highest_mount = [[Musala]] ([[Bulgaria]]) | elevation_m = 2925 | country = [[#Definitions and boundaries|Eeg hoose]] | demonym = }} Erayga '''Balkan''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɔː|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BAWL|kənz}}, ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɒ|l|k|ən|z}}) {{respell|BOL|kənz}} </ref>), oo qayb ahaan u dhigma '''Jasiiradda Balkan''', waa deegaan juqraafi ah oo ku yaalla [[southeastern Europe|koon-bari Bari Yurub]] oo leh qeexitaanno juqraafi iyo taariikheed oo kala duwan.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7BakAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA116 |first1=Colin S. |last1=Gray |first2=Geoffrey |last2=Sloan |title=Geopolitics, Geography and Strategy |access-date=10 November 2014 |isbn=9781135265021 |year=2014|publisher=Routledge }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |title=Balkans |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2017-12-13 |archive-date=17 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517055138/https://www.britannica.com/place/Balkans |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Schaefer2008">{{cite book |author=Richard T. Schaefer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMUola6pDnkC&pg=PT181 |title=Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society |publisher=Sage |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4129-2694-2 |page=129}}</ref> Gobolku magaciisa wuxuu ka qaataa [[Balkan Mountains|Buuraha Balkan]] ee dherisan dhammaan [[Bulgaria]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Niktalab |first=Poopak |author-link=Poopak NikTalab |title=Over the Alps: History of Children and Youth Literature in Europe |publisher=Faradid Publisher |year=2024 |isbn=9786225740457 |edition=1st |location=Tehran, Iran |pages=6 |language=fa}}</ref> Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa xudduud la leh [[Adriatic Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Ionian Sea]] oo dhanka koon-galbeed kaga beegan, [[Aegean Sea]] oo dhanka koonfureed kaga beegan, [[Turkish Straits]] oo dhanka bari kaga beegan, iyo [[Black Sea]] oo dhanka waqooyi-bari kaga beegan. Xudduuda waqooyi ee [[peninsula|jasiiradda]] waxaa loo qeexaa si kala duwan.<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017">{{cite book |author=Alexander Vezenkov |editor=Roumen Dontchev Daskalov, Tchavdar Marinov |title=Entangled Histories of the Balkans – Volume Four: Concepts, Approaches, and (Self-) Representations |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R3cEDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA141 |year=2017 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-33782-4 |pages=115–256 |chapter=Entangled Geographies of the Balkans: The Boundaries of the Region and the Limits of the Discipline}}</ref> Meesha ugu sarreysa ee Balkans waa [[Musala]], {{convert|2925|m}}, oo ku taalla silsiladda buuraleyda [[Rila]], Bulgaria. Fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,<ref name="Tomic2006">{{cite book |author=Olga M. Tomic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MFWOYUHULgsC&pg=PA35 |title=Balkan Sprachbund Morpho-Syntactic Features |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-4020-4488-5 |page=35}}</ref> kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey Buuraha Balkan inay yihiin n galka buuraleyda ee ugu muhiimsan koon-bari Bari Yurub ee ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow. Qarnigii 19-aad ereyga ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' wuxuu ahaa mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]], qaybaha Yurub ee ahaa gobollada [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]] xilligaas. Wax lahayd qeexitaan siyaasadeed intii ay ahaan lahayd mid juqraafi ah, taas oo sii xoogaysatay intii lagu jiray [[creation of Yugoslavia|aasaaskii Yugoslaafiya]] horraantii qarnigii 20-aad. Qeexitaanka xudduudaha dabiiciga ah ee Jasiiradda Balkan ma waafaqsana qeexitaanka farsamo ee jasiiradda; sidaas darteed juqraafaayeyaasha casriga ah waxay diidaan fikradda Jasiiradda Balkan, halka culimada taariikhdu ay badanaa kaga hadlaan Balkans sidii gobol. Eraygani wuxuu helay macne sumcad xumo iyo aflagaado ah oo la xiriira habka [[Balkanization]].<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/><ref name="BideleuxJeffries2007">{{cite book |author1=Robert Bideleux |author2=Ian Jeffries |title=The Balkans: A Post-Communist History |url=https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide |url-access=registration |year=2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-58328-7 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/balkanspostcommu0000bide/page/n22 1]–3}}</ref> Gobolka waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeri karaa [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]]. Xudduudaha qaranka ee Balkans, oo ay sabab u tahay qeexitaanno badan oo is khilaafaya, waa kuwo aad loogu murmo, iyada oo aan jirin heshiis caalami ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha ay ka kooban tahay. Sida ku cad qeexitaannada badankood, ereygu wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[Albania]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Croatia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiyada [[Sava]] iyo [[Kupa]]), dhulka weyn ee [[Greece]], [[Kosovo]], [[Montenegro]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Romania]] (oo keliya [[Northern Dobruja]]), [[Serbia]] (oo keliya aagga koonfureed ee wabiga [[Danube]]), [[Slovenia]] (qiyaasta hoose ee koon-galbeed) iyo [[East Thrace]] ee ku taalla [[Turkey]]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qeexitaanno kale oo ballaaran ayaa sidoo kale waxaa ku jira dhulka harsan ee Romania iyo Serbia. Intaa waxaa dheer, qeexitaanno qaar ayaa waxaa ku jira [[Hungary]] iyo [[Moldova]] sababo la xiriira arrimo dhaqameed iyo kuwo taariikheed. [[province of Trieste|Gobolka Trieste]] ee waqooyi-bari [[Italy]], inkasta oo qeexitaanno qaar ay ku taallo jasiiradda juqraafiyaha ah, haddana guud ahaan waa laga saaray Balkans marka laga eego xaalad goboleed. ==Magaca== ===Asalka erayga=== Asalka erayga ''Balkan'' waa mid aan caddayn; waxaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriirto luqadda [[Turkish language|Turkish]] {{lang|tr|bālk}} 'dhiiqo' (laga soo bilaabo Proto-Turkic *''bal'' 'dhiiqo, dhoobo; walax culus ama dhegdheg leh', eeg sidoo kale Turkic [[:en:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bạl|bal]] 'malab'), iyo suufijinta Turkish ''-an'' 'kayn dhiiqo leh'<ref>Current Trends in Altaic Linguistics; [https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings European Balkan(s), Turkic bal(yk) and the Problem of Their Original Meanings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710141315/https://www.academia.edu/5693478/European%20Balkan%20s%20Turkic%20bal%20yk%20and%20the%20problem%20of%20their%20original%20meanings |date=10 July 2022 }}, Marek Stachowski, Jagiellonian University, p. 618.</ref> ama [[Persian language|Faaris]] ''bālā-khāna'' 'guri weyn oo sarreeya'.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Waxaa loo isticmaali jiray inta badan xilligii [[Ottoman Empire|Boqortooyada Cusmaaniyiinta]]. Labada [[Ottoman Turkish]] iyo [[Turkish language|Turkish-ka casriga ah]], ''{{lang|tr|balkan}}'' waxaa loola jeedaa 'silsilad buuro kaymo leh'.<ref name="Balkan.">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |title=Balkan |encyclopedia=Encarta World English Dictionary |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070110000315/http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |archive-date=10 January 2007 |url-status=dead}} {{Wayback|url=http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_/balkan.html |date=20090412052903 }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Büyük Türkçe Sözlük |title=balkan |publisher=Türk Dil Kurumu |url=http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |quote=Sarp ve ormanlık sıradağ |language=tr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825034714/http://www.tdkterim.gov.tr/bts/ |archive-date=25 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kélékian |first=Diran |title=Dictionnaire Turc-Français |publisher=Mihran |year=1911 |pages=247 |language=fr |chapter=بالقان balqan |quote=Chaîne de montagnes couveres de forêts. ''Geogr.'' Le mont Hæmus; le Balkan.}}</ref> ===Magacyadii taariikhiga ahaa iyo macnaha=== ====Laga soo bilaabo qadiimiga ilaa qarniyadii dhexe ee horraanta==== Gobolka maanta loo yaqaanno Balkans waa inta badan [[Danube civilisation|ilbaxnimadii duqda ahayd ee Danube]] (taas oo ahayd tii ugu da'da weynayd Yurub),<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tiLoDwAAQBAJ|title=The Mystery of the Danube Civilisation|last1=Haarmann|first1=Harald|publisher=Marix Verlag|date=2020|isbn=9783843806466}}</ref> oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno ilbaxnimadii [[Old Europe (archaeology)|Yurubta Duqda ah]], taas oo gaartay heerkeedii ugu sarreeyay int u dhaxaysay 5000 iyo 3500 C.H.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFEARIQ6zYoC|title=The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC|date=2010|isbn=9780691143880|last1=Anthony|first1=David|editor-last1=Anthony|editor-first1=David|editor-last2=Chi|editor-first2=Jennifer|publisher=New York University, Institute for the Study of the Ancient World|pages=29}}</ref> {{Anchor|Haemus}}Laga soo bilaabo [[classical antiquity|xilligii qadiimiga ahaa ee classic]] ilaa [[Middle Ages|Qarniyadii Dhexe]], Buuraha Balkan waxaa loogu yeeri jiray magaca [[Thracians|Thracian]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VDoQAQAAMAAJ&q=hemus+thracian+name |title=Bulgaria |page=54 |work=Hemus – a Thracian name |publisher=Indiana University |year=1986}}</ref> ee [[Haemus]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Balkan Studies|date=1986|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus}}</ref> Sida ku cad khuraafaadka Giriigga, boqorka [[Thrace|Thracian]] [[Haemus]] waxaa [[Zeus]] u beddelay buur ciqaab ahaan buurtiina waxay ku hartay magaciisii.<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 6.87–89</ref> Nidaam magac oo roon ayaa sidoo kale la soo jeediyay. D. Dechev wuxuu u arkaa in Haemus (Αἷμος) laga soo qaatay erayga [[Thracian language|Thracian]] ''*saimon'', oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhabarka buurta'.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Decev |first1=D |title=Balkan Studies |date=1986 |publisher=University of Michigan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEJpAAAAMAAJ&q=thracian+sama+greek+haemus |access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Suurtagalnimada saddexaad ayaa ah in "Haemus" ({{lang|grc|Αἵμος}}) uu ka soo jeedo erayga Giriigga ah ee ''haima'' ({{lang|grc|αἷμα}}) oo macnaheedu yahay 'dhiig'. Khuraafaadku wuxuu la xiriiraa dagaal dhex maray [[Zeus]] iyo bahalkii/ninkii weynaa ee [[Typhon]]. Zeus wuxuu dhaawacay Typhon oo wata hillaac dhiiggii Typhonna wuxuu ku dhacay buuraha, taas oo siiyay magacooda.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900870232069/page/20 20]|quote=Haemus bloody zeus typhon.|title=Gods and Heroes of the Greeks: The Library of Apollodorus|publisher=Univ of Massachusetts Press|access-date=12 September 2014|isbn=978-0870232060|last1=Apollodorus|year=1976}}</ref> ====Qarniyadii Dhexe ee dambe iyo xilligii Cusmaaniyiinta==== Xusidda ugu horreysa ee magaca waxay ka muuqataa khariidad Carabi ah oo qarnigii 14-aad ah, taas oo [[Haemus Mons|Buuraha Haemus]] loogu yeero ''Balkan''.<ref name="Dobrev 1989">{{cite book | title = Проиcхождение географического названия Балкан – Sixieme Congres international d'etudes du Sud-Est Europeen |language=fr | first= Ivan | last = Dobrev | publisher = Ed.de l'Académie bulgare des Sciences | year = 1989 | location = Sofia | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jxYZnQEACAAJ }}</ref> Markii ugu horreysay ee la xaqiijiyo in magaca "Balkan" loo isticmaalay Galbeedka silsiladda buuraleyda ee [[Bulgaria]] waxay ahayd warqad la diray 1565 oo loo diray Pope [[Pope Innocent VIII|Innocent VIII]] waxaa qoray [[Filippo Buonaccorsi]], oo ahaa aqoonyahan Talyaani ah, qoraa iyo diblomaasi.<ref>{{cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |author-link=Maria Todorova |title=[[Imagining the Balkans]] |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538786-5 |page=22}}</ref> [[Ottoman Turks|Cusmaaniyiintu]] waxay marka ugu horreysa ku xuseen dukumenti taariikhdiisu tahay 1565.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Ma jirin wax isticmaal ah oo kale oo la diiwaangeliyey oo eraygan loogu isticmaalay in lagu tixraaco gobolka ka hor inta aan la gaarin waqtigaas, inkasta oo qabiilooyin kale oo Turkic ah ay horay ugu degeen ama ay soo mareen gobolka.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27">{{cite book | title = Imagining the Balkans | first=Maria N. | last =Todorova | publisher = Oxford University Press, Inc. | year = 1997 | location = New York | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-EuFwLQhvYMC&pg=PA27 | page=27| isbn=9780195087512 }}</ref> Waxaa sidoo kale jirta sheegasho ku saabsan asal hore oo [[Oghuric languages|Bulgar]] Turkic ah oo erayga ka mid ah oo caan ka ah Bulgaria, si kastaba ha ahaatee waa sheegasho aan cilmiyeysnayn oo keliya.<ref name="Todorova 1997 27" /> Erayga waxaa ay Cusmaaniyiintu u isticmaaleen [[Rumelia]] macnihiisa guud ee buurta, sida ku jirta ''Kod̲j̲a-Balkan'', ''Čatal-Balkan'', iyo ''Ungurus-Balkani̊'', laakiin gaar ahaan waxaa lagu dabaqay buurta Haemus.<ref>Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Editors: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Online Reference Works.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&s.start=300|title=Balkan – Brill Reference|website=Brillonline.com|date=2012-04-24|last1=Inalcık|first1=Halil|archive-date=18 May 2015|access-date=7 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074444/http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/balkan-SIM_1152?s.num=309&s.start=300|url-status=live}}</ref> Magacu weli wuxuu ku sugan yahay [[Central Asia|Aasiyada Dhexe]] oo wata [[Balkan Daglary]] (Buuraha Balkan)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |title=Balkan Mountains |work=World Land Features Database |publisher=Land.WorldCityDB.com |access-date=31 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228223148/http://land.worldcitydb.com/balkhan_mountains_3522246.html |archive-date=28 February 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> iyo [[Balkan Region]] ee [[Turkmenistan]]. Safarka Ingiriiska ah [[John Bacon Sawrey Morritt]] ayaa ku soo bandhigay eraygan suugaanta Ingiriiska dhamaadkii qarnigii 18-aad, qoraaya kalena waxay bilaabeen inay magaca ku dabaqaan aagga ballaaran ee u dhexeeya Badda Adriatic iyo Badda Madow. Fikradda "Balkans" waxaa abuuray juqraafiyaha Jarmalka ah [[August Zeune]] sannadkii 1808,<ref>{{cite web|last=Pavic|first=Silvia|url=http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm|title=Some Thoughts About The Balkans|publisher=About, Inc.|date=22 November 2000|access-date=31 March 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080228230925/http://geography.about.com/library/misc/ucbalkans.htm| archive-date= 28 February 2008 | url-status=live}}</ref> kaasoo si khaldan u tixgeliyey nidaamka buuraleyda dhexe ee Yurubta Koon-bari oo ka soo fidaya Badda Adriatic ilaa Badda Madow.<ref name="Somek15"/><ref name="Altić11"/><ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/> Intii lagu jiray 1820-meeyadii, "Balkan wuxuu noqday erayga la door biday inkasta oo aanu weli ahayn mid gaar ah oo ay weheliso Haemus oo ay isticmaali jireen dadka safarka ah ee Ingiriiska... Dadka safarka ah ee Ruushka ee aan culayska ku hayn toponymy-ga qadiimiga ah, Balkan wuxuu ahaa erayga la door biday".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Todorova |first=Maria |title=Imagining the Balkans |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195087512 |page=24}}</ref> Buugaagta Yurub ee la daabacay ilaa dhammaadkii 1800-meeyadii waxaa sidoo kale loogu yiqiin Jasiiradda Illyrian ama Illyrische Halbinsel ee Jarmalka.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5RhYAAAAcAAJ |title=Illyrische Halbinsel |year=1851}}</ref> ===Isbeddelka macnaha qarniyadii 19-aad iyo 20-aad=== [[File:Cvijic, Jovan - Breisemeister, William A. - Carte ethnographique de la Péninsule balkanique (pd).jpg |thumb|265px|Khariidadda Jasiiradda Balkan ee laga soo bilaabo 1918 oo si weyn ugu saleysan [[Jovan Cvijić]]]]Erayga si caadi ah looma isticmaali jirin suugaanta juqraafiyada illaa badhtamihii qarnigii 19-aad sababtoo ah, markaas horeba, saynisyahano sida [[Carl Ritter]] waxay ka digeen in qaybta koonfureed ee Buuraha Balkan oo keliya loo tixgeliyo inay tahay jasiirad waxayna ku taliyeen in loo bixiyo "Jasiiradda Giriigga". Juqraafiyeyaasha kale ee caanka ah ee aan ku raacsanayn Zeune waxay ahaayeen [[Hermann Wagner (geographer)|Hermann Wagner]], [[Theobald Fischer]], [[Marion Newbigin]], iyo [[Albrecht Penck]], halka diblomaasiga Austria [[Johann Georg von Hahn]], sannadkii 1869, isla dhulkaas, uu isticmaalay erayga ''Südosteuropäische Halbinsel'' ('Jasiiradda Yurubta Koon-bari'). Sabab kale oo aan si weyn loogu aqbalin sida qeexitaanka [[East Thrace|Turkida Yurub]] ee xilligaas ay ahayd inay lahayd baaxad dhul oo la mid ah.{{clarify|date=April 2025}} Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib [[Congress of Berlin|Shirweynihii Berlin]] (1878) waxaa jirtay baahi siyaasadeed oo loo qabay eray cusub oo tartiib tartiib ah "Balkans" dib loogu soo nooleeyay, laakiin khariirado badan, xudduuda waqooyi waxay ahayd Serbia iyo Montenegro isla markaana Giriiggu ma jirin (waxay muujinaysaa oo keliya qaybaha Yurub ee ay markaas hayssteen Cusmaaniyiintu), halka khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyana ay ku jireen Croatia iyo Bosnia. Xilligaas, ''Jasiiradda Balkan'' sidoo kale waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay mid la macne ah [[Rumelia]] ama ''Turkiga Yurub'', iyo, macnaheeda ugu ballaaran, waxay daboolaysay xudduudaha dhammaan gobollada hore ee Cusmaaniyiinta ee Yurub.<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/><ref name="Altić11"/><ref name="VezenkovIWM06">{{cite journal |last=Vezenkov |first=Alexander |date=2006 |title=History against Geography: Should We Always Think of the Balkans As Part of Europe? |url=http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |journal=Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences |volume=XXI |issue=4 |access-date=5 January 2018 |archive-date=24 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224123749/http://www.iwm.at/publications/5-junior-visiting-fellows-conferences/vol-xxi/alexander-vezenkov/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Isticmaalka eraygu wuxuu isbeddelay dhammaadkii qarnigii 19-aad iyo horraantii qarnigii 20-aad, markii ay qaateen juqraafiyeyaasha Serbia, ugu caansanaa [[Jovan Cvijić]].<ref name="Somek15"/> Waxaa lagu sameeyay sababayn siyaasadeed oo caddayn u ah [[Serbian nationalism|Waddaniyadda Serbia]] ee dhulka oo dhan ee [[South Slavs|Slawga Koonfureed]], waxaana sidoo kale ku jiray daraasado anthropologi iyo etnologi ah oo ku saabsan Slawga Koonfureed oo lagu sheegtay aragtiyo waddaniyadeed iyo jinsiyeed oo kala duwan.<ref name="Somek15"/> Siyaasadaha caynkaas ah iyo khariiradaha Yugoslaafiyada erayga waxaa loo sarreeysiiyay heerka casriga ah ee gobol juqraafi ah.<ref name="Altić11"/> Eraygu wuxuu helay tilmaamo waddaniyadeed siyaasadeed oo ka fog macnihiisa juqraafi ee bilowga ah,<ref name="DaskalovMishkova2017"/> oo ka soo unkamay isbeddelladii siyaasadeed ee dabayaaqadii qarnigii 19-aad ilaa abuuritaanka [[World War I|Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka]] ka dib [[Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] (bilowgii [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Boqortooyada Serbs, Croats iyo Slovenes]] 1918).<ref name="Altić11"/> Ka dib [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|kala diristii Yugoslaafiyada]] oo bilaabatay bishii Juun 1991, erayga ''Balkans'' wuxuu helay macne siyaasadeed oo xun, gaar ahaan Croatia iyo Slovenia, iyo sidoo kale adeegsiga caadiga ah ee adduunka oo dhan ee loogu talagalay isku dhacyada dagaalka iyo kala qaybsanaanta dhulka.<ref name="Somek15"/><ref name="Altić11"/> ===Yurubta Koon-bari Bari=== {{Main|Southeast Europe}} Qayb ahaan waxaa sabab u ah macnaha taariikhiga ah iyo kan siyaasadeed ee erayga ''Balkans'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/balkanize|title=Balkanize|publisher=merriam-webster.com}}</ref> gaar ahaan tan iyo markii ay dhaceen isku dhacyadii militariga ee 1990-meeyadii ee Yugoslaafiyada qaybteeda galbeed, erayga [[Southeast Europe|Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]] wuxuu noqonayaa mid si aad u weyn u caan baxaya.<ref name="Altić11"/><ref>{{cite book |title=A history of Eastern Europe |last=Bideleux |first=Robert |author2=Ian Jeffries |year=2007 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-415-36627-4 |page=37 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTB0gn_qwTcC}}</ref> Hindise ay lahayd [[European Union|Midowga Yurub]] (EU) oo soo baxay 1999 ayaa la yiraahdaa [[Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe|Heshiiska Xasiloonida ee Yurubta Koon-bari Bari]]. Wargeyska internetka ee ''Balkan Times'' ayaa dib loo magacaabay ''[[Southeast European Times]]'' sannadkii 2003.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} ===Hadda=== Luqadaha kale ee Balkans, gobolka ama jasiiradda waxaa loo yaqaanaa: * Luqadaha Slavic: ** [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] iyo {{langx|mk|Балкански Полуостров}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|mk|Balkanski Poluostrov}}'' ** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]], [[Montenegrin language|Montenegrin]] iyo {{langx|sr|Balkansko poluostrvo}} / {{lang|sr-cyrl|Балканско полуострво}} ** [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] iyo {{langx|hr|Balkanski poluotok}} ** {{langx|sl|Balkanski polotok}} * Luqadaha Romance: ** {{langx|rup|Peninsula Balcanicã}} ama {{lang|rup|Balcani}} ** {{langx|ro|Peninsula Balcanică}} ama {{lang|ro|Balcani}} ** {{langx|it|Penisola balcanica}} ama {{lang|it|Balcani}} * Luqadaha kale: ** {{langx|sq|Gadishulli Ballkanik}} iyo ''{{lang|sq|Siujdhesa e Ballkanit}}'' ** {{langx|el|Βαλκανική χερσόνησος}}, oo la isticmaalay alifbeetada laatiinka: ''{{lang|el|Valkaniki chersonisos}}'' ** {{langx|hu|Balkán-félsziget}} ama ''Balkán'' ** {{langx|tr|Balkan Yarımadası}} ama ''Balkanlar'' ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} blay6afea2h10o0s87df4tisj14866x 0 41469 309231 282694 2026-09-23T08:43:25Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox war faction | name = SSB Civil Force | native_name = Ciidamada Madaniga SSB | native_name_lang = so | caption = | image = SSB Flag.svg | leaders = Maxamed Cawil (Sii-Arag)<br>[[Boqor]] [[Buurmadow|Cismaan Aw Maxamuud]] (Buurmadow)<br>Aadan Sahal Cali (Biindhe) | active = 2023–Haada | headquarters = [[Qorilugud]], [[Somaliland]] | area = [[Sool]], [[Sanaag]], iyo [[Togdheer]] | ideology = [[Habar Jeclo]] danaha | size = 6,000<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-05-23 |title=President Irro In Djibouti - Keep Your Enemies Closer |url=https://saxafimedia.com/irro-djibouti-keep-enemies-closer/ |access-date=2025-05-26 |website=The Somali Wire Team |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250907091326/https://saxafimedia.com/irro-djibouti-keep-enemies-closer/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> <small> (2025)</small> | partof = | allies = {{flag|Somaliland}} | opponents = {{flag|Somalia}} * {{flag|Khatumo|name=SSC-Khatumo}} | battles = *[[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya]] *[[Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya (2009) Hadda]] *[[Colaadda Laascaanood (2023 ) Hadda| Colaadda Laascaanood]] *[[2024 Buuhoodle dagaa]] *[[Dagaalkii Ceerigaabo]] | war = | url = | predecessor = | successor = }} '''SSB Civil Force''' ([[Af Soomaali|Soomaali]]: Ciidamada Madaniga SSB ) waa maleeshiyo beeleed ka hawlgasha gobolada [[Sool]], [[Sanaag]] iyo [[Togdheer]] ee Somaliland . Maleeshiyada waxaa samaystay oo ay taabacsan yihiin beesha [[Habar Jeclo]] oo ka tirsan beesha guud ee [[Isaaq]]. Ururka SSB ayaa bishii October ee sanadkii 2023 lagu aas aasay deegaanka Qorilugud ee gobolka Togdheer, waxaana loo aas aasay ciidan ka tirsan gobolka Togdheer, waxaana ka dhashay iska hor imaad dhex maray ciidamada Somaliland iyo dagaalyahanada SSC-Khaatumo oo ay ka soo kala jeedaan maleeshiyo beeleedka Habr Jeclo ee deegaanada Sanaag iyo Togdheer. Waajibaadka ugu weyn ee SSB waa difaaca iyo sugidda amniga dhulka qabiilka Habr Jeclo. Maleeshiyada ayaa ku hawlan hawl-gallo ka dhan ah ciidamada SSC-Khaatumo. 1-dii March, Somaliland waxay si rasmi ah ugu biirtay guutadii koowaad ee maleeshiyo beeleedka SSB, ka dib maalmo wada-hadallo u socday gobolka Sanaag, oo laba kale lagu daray 4-tii March . iyo in laga takooro taliska dhexe. Hawshaas ayaa la soo gaba gabeeyay, iyadoo ilaa 6000 oo maleeshiyo beeleed lagu biiriyay ciidamada qaranka, iyadoo aan la helin kaalmo caalami ah, inkastoo maamulka Cirro uu dhaxlay khasnado madhan, laguna qiyaasay 81 milyan oo dollar oo dayn ah oo uu ka qaatay xukuumadii hore ee Muuse Biixi . ==Dagaalada== SSB waxay ku lug lahayd dagaalo badan oo ay la gashay SSC-Khaatumo, oo ay ku jiraan dagaalo culus oo dhacay 30kii Noofambar 2023, oo ay ku jiraan isticmaalka hubka culus, oo ay ku dhinteen ugu yaraan 30 dhimasho iyo sidoo kale tiro aan la garanayn oo dhaawac ah. [[File:SSB_Civil_Army.jpg|thumb|Maleeshiyada SSB oo fadhiisimo ka dhigtay meel u dhow Qorilugud]] October 31, 2024 Dagaal culus ayaa ku dhex maray SSB iyo ciidamada SSC-Khaatumo ee u dhexeeya Qorilugud iyo Buuhoodle , una dhow tuulada Galgal. Iska horimaadka ayaa sababay khasaare lixaad leh oo soo kala gaaray labada dhinac. Wasaaradda arrimaha gudaha Somaliland ayaa ka warbixisay in ciidamada SSC-Khaatumo ay weerar ku soo qaadeen dadka deegaanka Qorilugud, taas oo keentay in ciidamada qaranka Somaliland iyo maleeshiyaad deegaanka ah oo is garabsanaya ay jawaab difaac ah ka bixiyaan. Wasaaradda ayaa sheegtay in kooxda weerarka soo qaaday ay la kulmeen khasaare xooggan intii uu socday iska horimaadka, iyadoo tirada guud ee dhimashada la xaqiijiyay ay kor u dhaaftay 25. Maalmihii xigay, 1–2 November, ciidamada SSC-Khaatumo waxay isku dayeen weerar labaad oo ay ku soo qaadeen magaalada Shangeed, oo u dhaxaysa Qorilugud iyo Buuhoodle, balse waxaa la sheegay in ciidamada SSB iyo Somaliland ay iska caabiyeen. Ciidamada Somaliland oo ay taageerayaan maleeshiyo beeleedka SSB, ayaa weerar rogaal celis ah ku qaaday dagaalkii Ceerigaabo 15-kii December, 2024, iyagoo ka saaray magaalada SSC-Khaatumo, iyadoo maalintii xigtayna ay si buuxda uga baxeen dagaalyahannada SSC-Khaatumo. 30-kii bishii Janaayo ayay ciidamada SSB ku dagaalameen aagga Shangeed, iyagoo sheegay inay qabsadeen ciidamada SSC-Khaatumo, gaadiidna ku qabsadeen dagaalkaas, iyagoo soo bandhigay maxaabiistii ay gacanta ku hayeen taasoo cadeyn u ah guulihii ay ka gaareen iska horimaadka. 7-dii bishii March waxaa dagaal culus ku dhex maray Maleeshiyada SSB oo garab ka helaya Ciidamada Somaliland iyo Xoogaga SSC-Khaatumo agagaarka Buqdharkayn iyo Yeyle, iyadoo wararkii ugu horeeyay ay sheegayaan in dagaalku uu dhex maray ciidamada SSC-Khaatumo iyo Maleeshiyada SSB ka hor intii aanay ciidamada Somaliland markii danbe soo kala dhex galin iyaga oo gacan ka helaya ciidamada SSB. ==Tixraac== [https://saxafimedia.com/irro-djibouti-keep-enemies-closer/ "Madaxweyne Cirro Oo Jabuuti Jooga - Cadawgaaga U Dhawoow"] {{Wayback|url=https://saxafimedia.com/irro-djibouti-keep-enemies-closer/ |date=20250907091326 }} [https://somalilandreporter.com/2025/03/04/somaliland-government-nationalizes-another-batch-of-ssb-troops/ "Xukuumadda Somaliland oo Qaramaysay Dufcaddii kale ee Ciidanka SSB - Somaliland Reporter"] [https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2023/Nov/193839/fierce_clashes_erupt_between_somaliland_ssc_khatumo_forces_in_sool_s_yeyle_region.aspx "Dagaal Khasaare geystay oo u dhexeeya Somaliland iyo SSC Khaatumo oo ka dhacay Gobolka Sool ee Yeyle] [https://puntlandpost.net/2024/12/01/the-outgoing-somaliland-president-fuels-targeted-attacks-in-ceerigaabo/ "Madaxwaynaha Somaliland Ee Xilka Ka Wareejiyay" Ayaa Shidaal Ku Siiyey Weeraro Lala Beegsaday Ceerigaabo"] [https://www.africaintelligence.com/eastern-africa-and-the-horn/2025/01/17/recently-elected-president-irro-juggles-diplomatic-and-security-issues,110363514-art "Somalia/Somaliland : Madaxweyne Cirro oo dhawaan la doortay wuxuu ka gar-naqayaa arrimaha dublamaasiyadda iyo amniga - 17/01/2025] [https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/112279 "UNHCR Somalia - Digniin Fiican 18 Colaad Beeleed Ka Soo Korodhay Degmada Buuhoodle Ee Gobolka Togdheer Oo Ku Barakacay In Ka Badan 26,000 Qof"] [https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2025/Mar/200475/somaliland_integrates_first_ssb_clan_militia_battalion_into_army.aspx "Somaliland oo guutooyinkii ugu horeeyey ee maleeshiyo beeleed ka tirsan SSB ku biirtay ciidan] [https://www.somalidispatch.com/latest-news/somaliland-integrates-clan-militia-into-the-security-structure/ "Somaliland waxay ku biirisay ciidan beeleedka qaab dhismeedka amniga - Somali Dispatch"] [https://martinplaut.com/2025/01/09/somalilands-internal-security-challenges-how-do-we-deal-with-eastern-fragile-areas/ "Caqabadaha Amniga Gudaha Somaliland: Sideen Wax Uga Qaban Lahaa Degaanada Jilicsan Ee Bariga?"] [https://saxafimedia.com/irro-djibouti-keep-enemies-closer/ "Madaxweyne Cirro Oo Jabuuti Jooga - Cadawgaaga U Dhawoow"] {{Wayback|url=https://saxafimedia.com/irro-djibouti-keep-enemies-closer/ |date=20250907091326 }} [https://berberatoday.com/2023/11/18/qaar-ka-midaa-salaadinta-beelaha-habar-jecelo-ayaa-gaadhay-jiida-maskax-buqle-ee-duleedka-buuhoodledaawo-muuqaal/ "Qaar Ka Mida Salaadiinta Beelaha Habar Jecelo Ayaa Gaadhay Jiida Maskax Buqle Ee Duleedka Buuhoodle"Daawo Muuqaal"] [https://hiiraan.com/news/2024/Oct/wararka_maanta31-188287.htm "Dagaal Ciidamada SSC Khaatumo iyo Kuwa SSB Ku Dhexmaray Jiida u Dhaxaysa Qurilugud iyo Buuhoodle"] [https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/112279 "UNHCR Somalia - Digniin Fiican 18 Colaad Beeleed Ka Soo Korodhay Degmada Buuhoodle Ee Gobolka Togdheer Oo Ku Barakacay In Ka Badan 26,000 Qof"] [https://hiiraan.com/news/2024/Nov/wararka_maanta1-188295.htm "Millitariga Somaliland oo War Kasoo Saaray Colaada Kasoo Cusboonaatay Aaga Qorilugud"] [https://hiiraan.com/news4/2024/Nov/198740/heavy_casualties_as_somaliland_ssc_khatumo_forces_clash_in_ain_area.aspx " Khasaare Xoogan Oo Ka Dhashay Dagaal Ciidamada Somaliland Iyo SSC Ku Dhex Maray Deegaanka Cayn"] [https://puntlandpost.net/2024/12/01/the-outgoing-somaliland-president-fuels-targeted-attacks-in-ceerigaabo/ "Madaxwaynaha Somaliland Ee Xilka Ka Wareejiyay" Ayaa Shidaal Ku Siiyey Weeraro Lala Beegsaday Ceerigaabo"] [https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2025/Feb/200044/ssc_khaatumo_forces_claim_victory_over_somaliland_in_shangeed_clashes.aspx "Ciidamada SSC Khaatumo Oo Guulo Ka Sheegtay Somaliland Dagaalkii Shangeed"] [https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2025/Mar/200573/somaliland_and_ssc_khaatumo_forces_clash_in_buqdharkayn_as_territorial_dispute_escalates.aspx "Ciidamada Somaliland Iyo SSC Khaatumo Oo Dagaal Ku Dhex Maray Buqdharkayn Iyo Muran Dhuleed Oo Cirka Isku Shareeray"] [https://somalista.com/ceerigaabo-clashes/ "Ceerigaabo Dagaal Ka Dhacay: Ciidamada Somaliland Oo Nabad Soo Celiyey"] grn6ekokbzh2b9accl9q2zgrio94l3d 0 41987 309110 278872 2026-09-23T00:09:31Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Axmed Ismaaciil Diiriye | image = | caption = | birth_place = Togdheer, [[Somalia]] | death_place = | nationality = Soomaali | occupation = [[Abwaan]], [[Hal-abuur]] }} '''Axmed Ismaaciil Diiriye''', oo si weyn loogu yaqaanay magaca gabaygiisa '''"Qaasim"''', wuxuu ka mid ahaa abwaannada Soomaaliyeed ee ugu caansan qarnigii 20-aad iyo bilowgii qarniga 21-aad. Waxaa uu caan ku noqday gabayadiisa dhaqameed ee leh miisaan adag iyo macno falsafadeed, kuwaas oo inta badan ka hadla nolosha, dhaqanka, iyo cadaalad darrada bulshada. Gabaygiisa ugu caansan waa ''Macaan iyo Qadhaadh'', oo loo tixgeliyaa mid ka mid ah maansooyinka ugu qiimaha badan ee casriga Soomaaliyeed.<ref name="AfricanPoems">{{cite web |title=Bitter and Sweet: A Somali Gabay |url=https://africanpoems.net/relationships/bitter-and-sweet-a-somali-gabay/ |website=African Poems}}</ref> == Taariikh Nololeed == Axmed Ismaaciil Diiriye wuxuu ku dhashay gobolka [[Togdheer]] xilligii gumaysigii [[Ingiriiska]] ee [[Somaliland Protectorate|British Somaliland]] (sanadkii dhashadiisa si rasmi ah looma hayo). Dhalinyaranimadiisii, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay maamulka degmada [[Oodweyne]] intii lagu jiray xilligii gumaysiga.<ref name="SomaliNet">{{cite web |title=Macaan iyo Qadhaadh - SomaliNet Forums |url=https://somalinet.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=246406 |website=SomaliNet}}</ref> Waxaa uu si weyn ugu soo baxay hal-abuurka gabayada dhaqameed, isagoo ku tababtay qaabka '''gabayga miisaanka adag''' oo aad uga qoto dheer marka loo eego maansooyinka magaalada ee caanka ahaa xilligaas. == Hal-abuurnimo == Qaasim waxaa lagu xusuustaa: * Adeegsiga [[Alliteration]] (hal-xiraale la isku xiriiriyo xarafka hore ee erayada) * Mawduucyo ka hadlaya falsafadda nolosha, cadaalad darrada, iyo xaaladaha bulshada * Xirfad uu ku dhex geliyo tusaalooyin iyo mala-awaal dhaqameed == ''Macaan iyo Qadhaadh'' == ''[[Macaan iyo Qadhaadh]]'' waxaa loo tixgeliyaa shaqadiisa ugu caansan, waxaana lagu turjumay luqadda [[Ingiriisiga]]. Gabaygu wuxuu ka tarjumayaa is-dhexyaaca wanaagga iyo xumaanta ee ku dhex jira qofka bini’aadamka ah iyo bulshada guud ahaan.<ref name="AfricanPoems" /> Waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah gabayada Soomaaliyeed ee ugu turjumaadda badan, waxaana lagu daray buugaag iyo daraasado ku saabsan suugaanta Afrika iyo afka Soomaaliga.<ref name="Hoyga">{{cite web |title=Macaan iyo Qadhaadh - Hoyga Maansada |url=https://www.hoygamaansada.com/en/poems/macaan-iyo-qadhaadh/ |website=Hoyga Maansada |access-date=2025-08-14 |archive-date=2026-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260411090338/https://www.hoygamaansada.com/en/poems/macaan-iyo-qadhaadh/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Saameyn iyo Dhaxal == Qaasim wuxuu ka mid ahaa "codadka dadka la dulmay" ee suugaanta, isagoo had iyo jeer diiradda saara arrimaha bulshada. Hal-abuurkiisa ayaa lagu xusuustaa: * Ilaalinta qaabka gabayga dhaqameed ee Soomaaliyeed * Ka hadalka siyaasadda iyo arrimaha bulshada si aan toos ahayn balse qoto dheer * Saameyn uu ku yeeshay jiilalka dambe ee abwaannada Soomaaliyeed<ref name="SomaliNet" /> == Geeri == Axmed Ismaaciil Diiriye “Qaasim” wuxuu geeriyooday dabayaaqadii qarnigii 20-aad (sanad sax ah lama hayo), isagoo ka tagay dhaxal suugaaneed oo weli lagu faano.<ref name="AfricanPoems" /> == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Abwaanno Soomaaliyeed]] [[Category:Suugaanta Soomaaliyeed]] [[Category:Dhalinyaro Soomaaliyeed]] [[Category:Taariikhda Soomaalida]] jrx0t6plluqfvsfakncl10l7rxq5h3v 0 42906 309130 289089 2026-09-23T03:26:54Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309130 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox model | name = Duckie Thot | image = Duckie Thot after fashion show.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Thot ka dib bandhiga moodelada 2019 | birth_name = Nyadak Thot | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1995|10|23}} | birth_place = [[Melbourne]], [[Victoria, Australia]]<ref name="papermag.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.papermag.com/duckie-thot-is-going-to-shock-us-1-2485779453.html|title=Duckie Thot Is Going to Shock Us|date=16 September 2017|website=[[Paper (magazine)|Paper]]|access-date=30 May 2018}}</ref> | nationality = | years_active = 2013–hadda | height = {{height|ft=5|in=10+1/2}}{{r|NYMM}} | haircolor = Madow{{r|NYMM}} | eyecolor = Bunni{{r|NYMM}} | agency = {{Plain list| * [[Wakaalada Fanaaniinta Hal-abuurka|CAA]] (New York, Los Angeles) *Maamulka Tess (London) * Chadwick Models (Sydney)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://models.com/models/duckie-thot|title=Duckie Thot - Model|website=Models.com|access-date=30 May 2018}}</ref> }} }} '''Nyadak "Duckie Thot''' (waxa ay dhashatay 23 Oktoobar 1995) waa moode Australian ah. Thot waxa ay caan noqotay ka dib markii ay noqotay tartamihii ugu dambeeyay ee laga saaray Australia ee Next Top Model xilli 8 oo ay ka dhigtay ciyaarteedii ugu horaysay ee runway show Yeezy S/S 17 Waxay caan ku tahay inay tahay wejiga Fenty Beauty iyo sidoo kale inay ka ciyaarto doorka hogaanka ee Alice in Wonderland -inspired 2018 Pirelli Calendar ==Nolosha hore== Thot waxa ay ku kortay Melbourne iyada iyo qoyskeeda oo ahaa qaxooti South Sudani ah. Hooyadeed ayaa uur ku lahaa markii ay dalka ka dhoofeen dagaal dartood Iyadu waa mid ka mid ah toddoba walaalo ah, iyo kii ugu horreeyay ee ku dhashay Australia. Melbourne dhexdeeda, ardaydii ay isku fasalka ahaayeen iyo macallimiintii dugsiga way kari waayeen inay ku dhawaaqaan magaceeda dhalasho, Nyadak; Tani waxay keentay in Thot ay ku baxdo naanaysta "Duckie", taas oo ay door bidayso inay u raacdo tusaale ahaan Waxay dhigatay Dugsiga Maranatha Christian waxayna ka qalinjabisay 2013. ==Xirfad== Thot waxa soo bandhigtay warshadaynta moodeelkeeda moodelkeeda iyo walaasheeda xiddigta YouTube , Nikki Perkins, oo ku soo barbaarisay sawirro la qaaday. Halkaa, Thot waxa ay noqotey mid dhiiri galin u noqota sideeda sideedaad ee Modelka Xiga ee Australia ee 2013, halkaas oo ay ku dhamaysatay kaalinta saddexaad. Bilawga shaqadeeda moodeelka ee Australia halkaas oo ay ku soo lugaysay dariiqa ay diyaaraduhu ku ordaan ee David Jones sanadkii 2016, Thot guud ahaan waxa ay ku heshay in ay ku adagtahay ballan-qaadka sababtoo ah waxa ay rumaysatay in ay ahayd fursad la'aanta moodooyinka midabka Australia. Waxay qaadatay go'aan ah inay u guurto Brooklyn , New York iyadoo rajaynaysa inay ku noqon karto moodal aad u guulaysta Ameerika. Ka dib markii la ballamay shirar lala yeeshay hay'ado badan oo qaabaynta, Thot wuxuu u duulay New York. Magaalada New York, waxay heshay dalabyo badan si ay ula saxiixato wakaaladaha oo ugu dambeyntii dooratay inay la saxiixato Maareynta Model New York. Kanye West waxa ay gacan ka geysatey in turbo lagu soo oogo xirfadiisa Thot. Ka dib markii Thot uu ka tagay riwaayad New York hal maalin, kaaliyaha West ayaa iyada ku eryay wadada si uu ugu martiqaado inay la kulanto West isla markiiba. Thot waxay ku dhammaatay inay toogto daboolka majaladda isla maalintaas. Thot waxay ku dhex socotay bandhiga Yeezy Spring/Spummer 2017 kaas oo ahaa bandhigeedii ugu horeeyay ee caalami ah. Tan iyo 2018, Thot wuxuu safiir caalami ah u ahaa L'Oreal Paris Thot waxa uu ka qayb qaatay ololihii Fenty x Puma , Fenty Beauty , Moschino , Balmain , iyo Oscar de la Renta . Waxay ka doodday 2018 Bandhigga Fashion-ka sirta ah ee Victoria Thot wuxuu ka soo muuqday fanka daboolka ee albamka CHIC Waa Waqti ku saabsan , kaas oo la sii daayay Sebtembar 2018. Pirelli 's 2018 kalandarka sanadlaha ah ee cajiibka ah, oo uu toogtay Tim Walker oo uu qaabeeyey Edward Eniful , waxay ahayd dib u sheegid xoog leh oo dhan madow ee Alice ee Wonderland taas oo Thot loo tuuray Alice waxaana lagu tiriyaa inuu ka caawiyay kor u kaca sumcadeeda. Kahor shaqadeeda Pirelli , Thot waxay sheegtay inay marar badan bixisay qurxiyo iyada u gaar ah caleemaha iyada oo inta badan aysan jirin tixgelin midabkeeda maqaarka Waxay tan iyo markii ay ahayd mid ku saabsan kala duwanaanshaha, ka mid noqoshada jinsiyadda iyo Black Lives Matter ee warshadaha moodada, ka dib markii ay sheegtay in ay inta badan tahay qofka kaliya ee midabka leh. Isagoo la hadlaya The Glass Magazine ee 2020, Thot wuxuu yidhi "Waxaan u maleynayaa in warshadaha moodada ay aad u fogaadeen, laakiin si dhab ah loo riixo waxay u baahan tahay inay ka sii dheeraato kaliya shaqaaleysiinta moodooyinka midabka. Warshaduhu waxay u baahan yihiin inay noqdaan kuwo soo dhaweynaya marka ay timaado shaqaaleysiinta xirfado kala duwan si ay uga shaqeeyaan hal-abuurka iyo go'aan qaadashada." Thot waxa ay sheegtay in markii ay koraysay aanay ku arkin dadka iyada oo kale u eeg warshadaha quruxda. Waxay rajaynaysaa in shaqadeeda ay u ogolaato dadka kale inay is arkaan oo ay ogaadaan in aanay waxba ka jirin iyaga. Bishii Janaayo 2022, Sports Illustrated Swimsuit waxay ku dhawaaqday Thot inuu yahay 2022 rookie ah ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Thot wuxuu hadda degan yahay degmada Brooklyn ee Magaalada New York. Thot waxa ay sheegtay in qoyskeedu aanay waligood u oggolaan in ay illowdo xididkeeda, waxaanay tidhi, "Imaatinka Australia ee ka imanaysa Koonfurta Suudaan waxay waalidkay u abuurtay dareen qurba-joog ah sidaa daraadeed waxay had iyo jeer aad ugu dadaalayeen ku biirinta dhaqankeena nolol maalmeedkeena sida ugu macquulsan. Haddii taasi ay noqoto mid midba midka kale kula hadlo luuqadeena hooyo, cunista cuntooyinka dhaqameed, ka qaybgalka kaniisada Koonfurta Suudaan, iyo isticmaalka madadaalada si toos ah ula xidhiidha dhaqankayaga. Ducada waa shay ka caawisa Thot inay sii ahaato mid salka ku haysa, aayadda Baybalka ee ay ugu jeceshahayna waa Filiboy 4:13 . Rihanna waxay saaxiib iyo lataliye u noqotay Thot ka dib markii ay si wadajir ah u wada shaqeeyeen Fenty . Thot ku taariikhaysan Jilaaga Kofi Siriboe ee 2018. Sannadkii 2016-kii, farshaxan-sameeyaha Pat McGrath waxaa lagu dhiirigaliyay inuu abuuro midab cusub oo la isku qurxiyo oo ku habboon midabka maqaarka ee Thot. Thot ayaa la siiyay naanaysta "Black Barbie", oo ay sheegtay inuu yahay "qurux badan" laakiin la socota " rajooyin aad u sarreeya ==Tixraac== [http://www.papermag.com/duckie-thot-is-going-to-shock-us-1-2485779453.html Duckie Thot Wuu Nagaxinayaa"] [https://www.wmagazine.com/story/duckie-thot-model-pirelli-all-black-calendar-naomi-campbell "La yaab ma leh Rihanna waxay jeceshahay Duckie Thot, Modelka ku kobcaya Jadwalka Madow ee Pirelli"] [https://www.teenvogue.com/story/duckie-thot-makeup-artists-dont-bring-dark-foundation-shades "Duckie Thot waxay tidhi fanaaniinta isqurxinta weli ma hufi karaan iyada] [https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/duckie-thot-diversity-in-beauty-interview "Duckie Thot oo ku saabsan kala duwanaanshaha quruxda, mascara ay jeceshahay, iyo in ka badan"] [https://www.maranatha.vic.edu.au/community/alumni/alumni/duckie-thot-class-of-2013 "Duckie Thot, Fasalka 2013 - Maranatha Christian School"] {{Wayback|url=https://www.maranatha.vic.edu.au/community/alumni/alumni/duckie-thot-class-of-2013 |date=20211203185402 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20180908055423/https://www.elle.com.au/fashion/australias-next-top-model-success-stories-14585 "5 Sheekooyinka Guusha ee Modelka Sare ee Xiga ee Ustraaliya | ELLE Australia"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180515112715/http://www.hypehair.com/87100/duckie-thot-oscar-de-la-renta-ss-2018-campaign/ "Model Duckie Thot Stuns Sida Wajiga Oscar De La Renta SS 2018 Ololaha"] [https://www.bet.com/article/8v2r38/kofi-and-duckie-announce-split-by-shading-each-other "Kofi Siriboe Iyo Duckie Thot Oo Ku Dhawaaqay In Uu Soo Dhamaaday Xiriirkoda Iyagoo Isku Sharaxaya Twitterka] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bet.com/article/8v2r38/kofi-and-duckie-announce-split-by-shading-each-other |date=20251212222045 }} [https://ca.style.yahoo.com/sports-illustrated-swimsuit-duckie-tho-2022-rookie-185437810.html "Swimsuit Illustrated Swimsuit wuxuu ku dhawaaqay Duckie Thot inuu yahay kii ugu dambeeyay ee 2022"] [https://www.papermag.com/duckie-thot-is-going-to-shock-us-1-2485779453.html?rebelltitem=6#rebelltitem6?rebelltitem=6 Duckie Thot Wuu Nagaxinayaa"] [http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/fashion/people/duckie-thot-says-she-couldnt-work-in-australia-because-of-skin-colour/news-story/e320c53b679ce385a575db760a84b3d1 "Model Aussie waxay sheegtay inaysan Australia ka shaqayn karin midabka maqaarka awgeed"] ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [https://www.instagram.com/duckiethot/ Duckie Thot] ee [[Inistigaram|Instagram]] [https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/duckie_thot/ Duckie Thot] ee Tusaha Modelka Fashion jxrja8gmiu54oaygedpxc2fgceepsfx 0 42967 309176 285469 2026-09-23T04:47:49Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox model | name = Helena Houdová | image = | caption = Houdova 2008 Elle | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1979|12|27|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Plzeň]], [[Czechoslovakia]] | website = http://www.helenahoudova.com | spouse = }} '''Helena Houdová waa moodel Czech''' ah iyo shaqaale samafal ah isla markaana haysata cinwaanka quruxda quruxda waxayna ku guulaysatay Miss Czech Republic 1999 Kadib markii ay ku guulaysatay Miss Czech Republic, waxay sii waday inay ka soo muuqato jaldiga joornaalada moodada oo ay ku jiraan Elle , Harper's Bazaar , Cosmopolitan iyo Vogue . Waxay tabarucaad siisaa hay'adaha samafalka ee agoonta iyo kuwa danyarta ah, waana madaxweynaha iyo aasaasaha carruurta Sunflower, oo ah hay'ad samafal oo u heellan arrimahan, taas oo ay aasaastay 2000. ==Nolosha hore== Houdová waxa uu ku dhashay kuna barbaaray Plzeň , Czechoslovakia (Jamhuuriyadda casriga ah ee Czech Republic). ==Xirfadda qaabaynta== Houdová ayaa ku guuleysatay tartanka Miss Czech Republic 1999-kii, waxayna u sii gudubtay inay ka tartanto Miss World 1999 , halkaas oo aysan dhigan. Markii dambe waxay noqotay moodal-fashilan, oo ka soo muuqatay dhabbaha dayuuradaha ee New York, Milan, London iyo Paris Houdová wuxuu ka soo muuqday daboolka daabacaadda Maajo 2005 ee Elle , kaas oo u hibeeyey arrinta oo dhan iyada. Houdová ayaa ka soo muuqday daboolka Talyaani, Jabbaan, Maraykan, Faransiis iyo Isbaanish Elle , V , Flair , iD iyo Time 's Style & Design , oo ka soo muuqday ololaha xayaysiinta ee Gap , Yves Saint Laurent Victoria 's Secret , Emanuel Ungaro , Tommy Hilfiger , Gabbal & Revlon . Vuitton​ Sannadkii 2005, Houdová waxaa loo magacaabay danjiraha niyad-wanaagga ee hooyada, dhallaanka iyo caafimaadka ilmaha 2007, majaladda FHM ayaa ku dhawaaqday in "Houdová waa mid ka mid ah 'Top 100 Best Women' ee adduunka - waana mid ka mid ah moodooyinka ugu guulaha badan ee warshadaha moodada moodada tartanka. 2008, Houdová waxaa lagu soo bandhigay afar dabool, oo ay ku jiraan Elle Italia iyo Czech Elle arrinta Hooyada. 2009-kii Houdová iyo wiilkeeda dhawaan dhashay, oo ay weheliyaan Pavlína Pořízková iyo Miloš Forman , waxay ka soo muuqdeen olole Louis Vuitton -oo ay sawirtay Lucie Robinson si ay uga faa'iidaysato aasaaskeeda samafalka ah ee Carruurta Sunflower. ==Shaqada samafalka== Houdová waxay maamushaa Carruurta Sunflower, oo ah hay'ad samafal oo loogu talagalay carruurta danyarta ah oo ka shaqeysa 15 waddan. Sida laga soo xigtay Houdová, hadafka carruurta gabbaldayaha waa inay ka shaqeeyaan dhaqamo kala duwan si ay "dadka uga dhaqaajiyaan danayn la'aanta naxariista" ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Houdová waxa uu leeyahay saddex carruur ah oo leh nin hore oo lagu magacaabo Omar Amanat , oo ah ganacsade Maraykan ah iyo maal-galiye, kaas oo lagu helay khiyaamo maal-gashi 2017 waxaana lagu xukumay bishii Agoosto 2021 shan sano oo xabsi federaal ah iyo ganaax $ 175,000; 44-kii bilood ee hore loo qabtay xukunka ka hor ayaa loo tixgalin doonaa xukunkan. ==Tixraac== [https://web.archive.org/web/20100110052803/http://www.marieclaire.com/world-reports/opinion/helena-houdova-sunflower-children-charity "Supermodel Helena Houdova Waxay Gaadhay Heights Cusub] [http://www.style.com/peopleparties/modelsearch/thumb/person489 Liya Kebede Sawirada Style.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20100215192827/http://www.cookiemag.com/style/momstyle/features/2008/01/liyakebede "Liya Kebede Celebrity-Parent Profile - Cookiemag.com"] [https://www.businessinsider.com/omar-amanat-kaleil-isaza-tuzman-kit-digital-fraud-2017-12 "Halkan waa sida laba ganacsi oo tignoolajiyadeed si duurgal ah u guulaystey ay lumiyeen xaaladdooda iyada oo ay jirto kiis khiyaano isku dhafan"] [http://www.ihot.cz/celebrity/helena-houdova/14894/ "Helena Houdová: Jejího exmanžela zatkla policie pro rozsáhlé podvody"] [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-30/tech-entrepreneur-s-trial-is-biggest-battle-of-a-glossy-career "Tijaabada Ganacsadaha Tiknoolajiyada waa Dagaalka ugu Weyn ee Xirfadda"] [https://www.reuters.com/technology/twilight-investor-sentenced-five-years-prison-fraud-case-2021-08-19 Maalgeliyaha 'Twilight' ayaa lagu xukumay shan sano oo xarig ah kiis khiyaano ah"] ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [http://www.sunflowerchildren.org/ http://www.sunflowerchildren.org] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sunflowerchildren.org/ |date=20231029190921 }} [https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/helena_houdova/ Helena Houdova] oo ku taal Hagaha Model Fashion [https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118005779.html?categoryid=3667&cs=1&nid=2597 https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118005779.html?categorid=3667&cs=1&nid=2597] {{Wayback|url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118005779.html?categoryid=3667&cs=1&nid=2597 |date=20090713234913 }} hxj136gffwbpk6tu0z7fj89p6eypbug 0 43009 309210 294659 2026-09-23T05:35:08Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309210 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | image = | birth_place = [[Ossining (town), New York|Ossining, New York]], U.S. | education = [[The Gunnery]] | alma_mater = [[Jaamacadda New York]] | occupation = Jilaa, agaasime | years_active = 1990–hadda }} '''Jesse Lee Soffer''' waa jilaa Mareykan ah iyo agaasime telefishan . Waxa uu caan ku yahay ku-muujinta Will Munson ee opera saabuunta CBS Sida dunidu u leexato , waxaana uu helay saddex magacaabis Emmy shaqadiisa bandhigga Laga soo bilaabo 2014 ilaa 2022, wuxuu u jilay Jay Halstead riwaayaddii NBC ee Chicago PD wuxuuna marti ku jilay qaybaha Chicago PD crossover ee Chicago Med iyo Chicago Fire , oo qayb ka ah jilayaasha ugu weyn. Waxa kale oo uu caan ku yahay doorkiisa Bobby Brady ee majaajillada filimka Brady Bunch iyo taxanihiisii ​​​​A Very Brady Sequel . 2024, Jesse Lee Soffer wuxuu ciyaaray Wesley "Wes" Mitchell, hogaamiyaha cusub ee Kooxda Fly International xilli ciyaareedkii afraad ee riwaayadaha CBS FBI: International , ka dib bixitaankii Luke Kleintank , kaasoo ciyaaray Scott Forester. ==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada== Jesse Lee Soffer wuxuu ku dhashay Ossining, New York, ilaa Jill Hindes (née Bruning) iyo Stan Soffer. Aabihii wuxuu dhintay 1993, isagoo sagaal jir ah. Soffer wuxuu leeyahay laba walaalo ah oo ka yar, Shayne iyo Jenna Hindes, oo ka yimid guurka labaad ee hooyadiis. Waxa kale oo uu leeyahay laba walaalo ah oo ka weyn guurka koowaad ee aabbihiis, Craig iyo Melissa Soffer Soffer wuxuu ku qaatay qayb ka mid ah caruurnimadiisa Tarrytown, New York , ka dibna wuxuu u guuray Newtown, Connecticut , da'da 10. Soffer wuxuu galay The Gunnery , isagoo ka qalin jabiyay 2003 Wuxuu kubbadda cagta ku ciyaaray dugsiga waxaana loo magacaabay kooxda xiddigaha (qaybta dugsiga diyaarinta) intii lagu jiray xilli ciyaareedkiisii ​​​​sare Wuxuu casharro ka qaatay Jaamacadda New York (NYU). ==Xirfad== Xirfadda jilitaanka Soffer waxay bilaabatay da'da 6 markii uu soo degay ganacsiga badarka Kix 1993 da'da siddeedaad, wuxuu sameeyay filimkiisii ​​​​ugu horeeyay ee John Goodman iyo Cathy Moriarty ee majaajilada Matinee . Sannadkii 1994-kii, Soffer waxa uu wax ka wada jilay sidii Percival ee riwaayadda Passage Safe . Sanadkii 1995, Soffer wuxuu wax ka wada jilay Bobby Brady filimka majaajillada ah ee Brady Bunch Movie wuxuuna dib u celiyay doorkiisii ​​​​A Very Brady Sequel sanad kadib Sii wadida qaabka la shaqeynta Oscar-calibre iyo A-list talent, Soffer waxa uu xiddig u noqday Jamie Kincaid oo ka cararay filimka TV-ga laga soo bilaabo Files Mixed-Up ee Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler . Wuxuu la shaqeeyay agaasimaha Richard Shepard filimka AMC TV filimka Royale . 1998, Soffer waxaa loo tuuray sidii Taylor Donovan oo ay weheliso Mary-Kate iyo Ashley Olsen sitcom ABC Two of a Kind . Waxa kale oo uu asal ahaan ka soo jeedaa doorka Max Nickson ee CBS saabuunta opera Guiding Light ee 1999. Afar bilood ka dib bandhigga, wuu ka tagay si uu diiradda u saaro waxbarashadiisa. Ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay dugsiga sare, Soffer wuxuu ku soo noqday xirfadiisa telefishinka. 2004tii, waxa uu la wareegay doorka dhalinyarada dhibaataysan Will Munson ee opera saabuunta CBS Sida dunidu isu beddesho . Wuxuu ciyaaray doorka ilaa Abriil 4, 2008. Laga bilaabo 2008, waxaa loo magacaabay saddex jeer Abaalmarinta Emmy Award ee Jilaaga Da'da yar ee Taxanaha Riwaayadda shaqadiisa ATWT iyo sidoo kale Abaalmarinta Abaalmarinta Abaalmarinta Soap Opera Digest ee Jilaaga Hogaaminta Da'da yar ee 2005. 2007, Soffer wuxuu ku soo laabtay xirfadiisa shaqo ee Carvis Davis . Riwaayadda ciyaaraha Guggenheim ee Gracie , oo ku salaysan sheeko dhab ah. Bishii Luulyo 2010, Soffer wuxuu dib u celiyay doorkiisa Will Munson ee sida dunidu u soo noqoto . Muddadii uu ku jiray Sida dunidu isu beddesho , waxa lagu tuuray qayb ka mid ah sharciga Dick Wolf 's Law & Order: Unit Dhibbanayaasha Gaarka ah . Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuu awoodi waayay inuu filim sameeyo sababtoo ah isku dhac ku yimid ballanqaadyada duubista 2011-kii, Soffer waxa uu wada jilay jilitaanka ficil-cilmiyeedka sayniska dystopian-ka ee wakhtiga . Tan iyo markaas, wuxuu marti-galiyay dhowr taxane telefishan oo ay ku jiraan CSI: Miami , Maskaxda iyo Rizzoli & Isles . Sannadkii 2012, waxa uu la jilay Jordana Spiro riwaayadda caafimaadka Fox ee muddada gaaban ee Dhaqtarka Mob sida Nate Devlin, walaalkii Dr. Grace Devlin (Spiro) Dabayaaqadii sanadkaas, wuxuu wada jilay Travis Alexander filimka asalka ah ee Lifetime Jodi Arias: Dirty Little Secret Bishii Juun 2013, waxaa la sheegay in Soffer uu ku biiray jilayaasha riwaayadaha nidaamka booliiska NBC Chicago PD , bandhiggii ugu horreeyay ee ka soo baxa riwaayadda Chicago Fire as Det. Jay Halstead Halstead waxaa lagu soo bandhigay xilli ciyaareedkii labaad ee Chicago Fire Chicago PD ayaa la sii daayay Janaayo 8, 2014. Bishii Maarso 19, 2014, NBC waxay cusbooneysiisay taxanaha xilli labaad NBC ayaa si rasmi ah ugu dhawaaqday in xilli ciyaareedka labaad uu soo bixi doono Sebtember 24, 2014. Soffer wuxuu sameeyaa muuqaalkiisa bandhigga. Agoosto 30, 2022, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in xilliga 10 ee Chicago PD uu noqon doono kan ugu dambeeya ee Soffer Muuqaalkiisii ​​ugu dambeeyay wuxuu ahaa Oktoobar 5, 2022, qeybta 3 Oktoobar 20, 2022, Kala duwan ayaa ku dhawaaqay Soffer inuu ku noqon doono Chicago PD agaasime ahaan. Waxa uu agaasime ka ahaa qaybta 16 ee ciwaankeedu ahaa "Deadlocked", oo la sii daayay Maarso 22, 2023. Dhacdadani waxay calaamad u ahayd soo-bandhigisii ugu horreeyay Bishii Maarso 2024, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Soffer uu agaasimi doono dhacdo kale oo Chicago PD ah Wuxuu agaasimay qaybta 12 ee cinwaankeedu yahay "Inventory", oo la sii daayay May 15, 2024. Juun 20, 2024, Variety wuxuu ku dhawaaqay Soffer inuu ku biiri doono jilayaasha FBI: International for Season 4 oo ah taxane cusub oo joogto ah ka dib markii uu bedelay Luke Kleintank , kaasoo ciyaaray Scott Forrester, tan iyo markii ugu horeysay oo uu ka tagay dhamaadkii Xiliga 3 sanadkii hore ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Soffer wuxuu xiriir la lahaa Chicago PD co-star Sophia Bush laga bilaabo Maajo 2014 ilaa Noofambar 2016. Soffer ayaa bilaabay shukaansiga Chicago Med xiddiga Torrey DeVitto , si rasmi ah u xaqiijinaya jacaylkooda Agoosto 2018, ka dib hal sano oo shukaansi ah. Labada lamaane ayaa ku dhawaaqay inay joojiyeen xiriirkooda bishii Maajo 2019. ==Filmography== ===Jilaa=== {| class="wikitable" ! Sannadka !! Filim !! Doorka !! Qoraalo kale |- | rowspan="2"| 1993 || ''[[Matinee (1993 film)|Matinee]]'' || Dennis Loomis || Credited as Jesse Lee |- | ''The Silent Alarm'' || Boy || Short film<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o51VdX5Ntv4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/o51VdX5Ntv4 |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |url-status=live |title=Pat Metheny Film Scores: The Silent Alarm |work=PatMethenyMedia |date=August 28, 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |- | 1994 || ''[[Safe Passage (film)|Safe Passage]]'' || Percival, age 9 and 10 || rowspan="3"| Credited as Jesse Lee |- | 1995 || ''[[The Brady Bunch Movie]]'' || rowspan="2"| [[Bobby Brady]] |- | 1996 || ''[[A Very Brady Sequel]]'' |- | 2007 || ''[[Gracie (film)|Gracie]]'' || Johnny Bowen || &nbsp; |- | 2011 || ''[[In Time]]'' || Webb || &nbsp; |} </div> ===Telefishanka=== <div style="font-size: 100%"> {| class="wikitable" ! Sannadka !!Ciwaanka!! Doorka !!Xusuusin |- | rowspan="2"| 1995 || ''[[Wings (1990 TV series)|Wings]]'' || Bobby Brady || Episode: "A House to Die For" <small> (credited as Jesse Lee)</small> |- | ''[[From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler (1995 film)|From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler]]'' || Jamie Kincaid (James) || rowspan="2"| Television film <small> (credited as Jesse Lee)</small> |- | 1996|| ''The Royale'' || Billy |- | 1998|| ''[[Two of a Kind (American TV series)|Two of a Kind]]'' || Taylor Donovan ||Recurring role; 6 episodes |- | 1999 || ''[[Guiding Light]]'' || Max Nickerson #1 || Recurring role <small> (credited as Jesse Lee)</small> |- | 2004–2008; 2010 || ''[[As the World Turns]]'' || [[Will Munson]] || Regular role; 502 episodes |- | rowspan="2"| 2008 || ''[[Spring Awakening (play)|The Awakening of Spring]]'' || Michael || Television film |- | ''[[CSI: Miami]]'' || Shane Huntington || Episode: "[[List of CSI: Miami episodes|And How Does That Make You Kill?]]" |- | 2009 || ''[[The Philanthropist (TV series)|The Philanthropist]]'' || Dean Fitzsimmons || Episode: "San Diego" |- | 2010 || ''[[The Whole Truth (TV series)|The Whole Truth]]'' || Young lover || Episode: "Young Love" |- | rowspan="2"| 2011 || ''[[The Mentalist]]'' || Alan Dinkler || Episode: "[[List of The Mentalist episodes|Strawberries and Cream: Part 1]]" |- | ''[[Rizzoli & Isles]]'' || Jacob Wilson || Episode: "[[List of Rizzoli & Isles episodes|Remember Me]]" |- | 2012–2013 || ''[[The Mob Doctor]]'' || Nate Devlin || Main role; 13 Episodes |- | rowspan="2"| 2013 || ''Hatfields & McCoys'' || Patrick McCoy || Unaired pilot<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thewrap.com/tv/article/world-turn-star-jesse-lee-soffer-joins-nbcs-hatfields-mccoys-pilot-78796/ |title='As the World Turns' Star Jesse Lee Soffer Joins NBC's 'Hatfields & McCoys' Pilot |last=Kenneally |first=Tim |work=TheWrap |date=February 22, 2013 |access-date=April 16, 2020 |archive-date=August 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826094211/http://www.thewrap.com/tv/article/world-turn-star-jesse-lee-soffer-joins-nbcs-hatfields-mccoys-pilot-78796/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/08/nbc-hatfields-and-mccoys-passes-charlize-theron_n_3241127.html |title=NBC Will Not Pick Up 'Hatfields And McCoys': Network Passes On Charlize Theron-Produced Pilot And Six Others |work=Huffpost TV |date=May 8, 2013}}</ref> |- | ''[[Jodi Arias: Dirty Little Secret]]'' || [[Murder of Travis Alexander|Travis Alexander]] || Television film |- | 2013–2022 || ''[[Chicago Fire (TV series)|Chicago Fire]]'' || rowspan=4|Detective [[List of Chicago P.D. characters#Jay Halstead|Jay Halstead]] ||Recurring role; 18 episodes |- | 2014–2015 || ''[[Law & Order: Special Victims Unit]]''||Guest role; 2 episodes |- | 2014–2023 || ''[[Chicago P.D. (TV series)|Chicago P.D.]]''|| Main role; 189 Episodes |- | 2015–2022 || ''[[Chicago Med]]''|| Recurring role; 28 episodes |- |2024–2025 |''[[FBI: International]]'' |Supervisory Special Agent Wesley ‘Wes’ Mitchell || Main role (season 4) |} </div> ===Agaasime=== <div style="font-size: 100%"> {| class="wikitable" ! Sannadka !!Ciwaanka!!Xusuusin |- | rowspan="2"| 2023–2025|| ''[[Chicago P.D. (TV series)|Chicago P.D.]]'' || Season 10, Episode 16: "Deadlocked"<br>Season 11, Episode 12: "Inventory"<br>Season 13, Episode 2: "Open Wounds" |- |}</div> ==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista== *Magacaabista Abaalmarinta Emmy ee Maalintii , Jilaa da'yar oo Wacan oo Taxane ah (2006, 2007, 2008) ==Tixraac== [https://web.archive.org/web/20200918104348/http://emmyonline.com/day_35th_nominations "Akadamiyadda Qaranka ee Farshaxanka iyo Sayniska ee Telefishanka ayaa ku dhawaaqay 35-aad ee Madadaalada Maalmo-maalmeedka Emmy® Abaalmarinta"] [https://issuu.com/thegunnery/docs/gunbullfa13 "Xusuusyada Fasalka"] {{Wayback|url=https://issuu.com/thegunnery/docs/gunbullfa13 |date=20250220082210 }} [https://www.si.com/sports-illustrated/video/2014/05/13/si-now-jesse-lee-soffer-why-soap-opera-fans-are-crazier-sports-fans "SI Hadda:Jesse Lee Soffer sababta taageerayaasha opera-ga saabuunta ay uga waalan yihiin taageerayaasha isboortiga"] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJ3ouasThuY "Chicago PD" Xidigga Jesse Lee Soffer Wuxuu Dhaafay Xiliga Toddobaadka ee Taxanaha NBC"] [http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/ustv/news/a367479/james-carpinello-jesse-lee-soffer-join-fox-medical-drama-pilot.html#~oOCdvEoiUG9sIE "James Carpinello, Jesse Lee Soffer waxay ku biiraan duuliyaha riwaayadaha caafimaadka Fox"] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-Jm5ugsxy0 "Dhakhtarka Mob - Jesse Lee Soffer - Dhibaatooyinka Nate Devlin"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140903211133/http://deadline.com/2013/04/lifetimes-jodi-arias-movie-casts-tania-raymonde-as-arias-jesse-lee-soffer-as-travis-alexander-476788/ "Lifetime's Jodi Arias Movie jilayaasha Tania Raymonde iyo Jesse Lee Soffer"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20131021032645/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2013/10/18/nbc-yanks-ironside-community-to-premiere-january-2-chicago-p-d-january-8/210019/ 'Ironside' & 'Ku Soo Dhawoow Qoyska' Waxaa joojiyay NBC; 'Community' to Premiere January 2, 'Chicago PD' Janaayo 8"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140320015900/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/03/19/chicago-fire-chicago-p-d-grimm-renewed-by-nbc/246434/ 'Chicago Dab', 'Chicago PD' & 'Grimm' Cusboonaaday; NBC Waxay Xaqiijisay Cusbooneysiinta 'Parks & Recreation' & 'Celebrity Apprentice'"] [http://michiganavemag.com/the-latest/talk-of-the-town/postings/q-and-a-jesse-lee-soffer-on-the-blackhawks-police-training-and-the-brady-bunch Xidigga Chicago PD Jesse Lee Soffer ayaa ka hadlay Tababarka Booliska iyo doorkiisa filimka Brady Bunch."] [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/08/nbc-hatfields-and-mccoys-passes-charlize-theron_n_3241127.html "NBC Ma Soo Qaadi Doonto 'Hatfields Iyo McCoys': Shabakadu Waxay Ku Gudbi Kartaa Duuliye Ay Soo Saartay Charlize Theron Iyo Lix Kale"] [https://www.eonline.com/news/700772/sophia-bush-chicago-p-d-co-star-jesse-lee-soffer-spark-romance-rumors-again-see-the-pic "Sophia Bush & Jesse Lee Soffer Spark Xanta Jaceylka Marlabaad]{{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [[imdbname:0497522|Jesse Lee Soffer]] oo jooga [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20070510183457/http://www.soapcentral.com/atwt/theactors/soffer.php Bio ee SoapCentral.com] [https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/jesse-lee-soffer/bio/283340 Taariikh nololeedka TVGuide.com] {{Wayback|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/jesse-lee-soffer/bio/283340 |date=20200428061456 }} [http://www.nbc.com/chicago-pd/about/bio/jesse-lee-soffer/ Bio ee NBC.com] 7szj9kfo33kg7580fhw9wvklis0227p 0 43016 309215 286218 2026-09-23T05:56:26Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309215 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Kelly Thiebaud | image = | imagesize = | caption = | birth_name = Kelly Hager Thiebaud | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1982|08|28}} | birth_place = [[El Campo, Texas]] | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | death_cause = | body_discovered = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --> | partner = | occupation = Jilaa | years_active = 2002–hadda | spouse = | parents = | height = {{height|ft=5|in=9}} <ref name="Kelly">{{cite web|title=Kelly Thiebaud's Biography|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1576552/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm|publisher=IMDB.com|access-date=January 20, 2014}}</ref> | relatives = }} '''Kelly Hager Thiebaud''' (waxay dhalatay Agoosto 28, 1982) waa jilaa Mareykan ah iyo moodel sida ugu wanaagsan loogu yaqaanay sawirkeeda Dr. Britt Westbourne ee ABC opera saabuun maalmeed, Isbitaalka Guud , taas oo ay ku guuleysatay Abaalmarinta Emmy Maalintii ee Abaalmarinta Taageerada Sare ee Jilaaga Taxanaha Riwaayadaha ee 2022 ==Nolosha hore iyo shaqada== Thiebaud waxay ku dhalatay El Campo, Texas waxayna samaysay muuqaalkeedii ugu horreeyay ee 2002, filimka madax-bannaan ee Safarka Furashada Marka laga reebo shaqadeeda jilitaanka, waxay sidoo kale qaabaysay oo ka soo muuqatay afar fiidiyow oo muusig oo loogu talagalay jockey-ga Faransiiska David Guetta intii u dhaxaysay 2007-2008 ( Jacaylku waa Go'ay , Ilmaha Marka Iftiinka , Delirious ) Telefishinada, waxay marti ku noqotay Chuck , Castle , Maskaxda Dambiyada , waxayna door ku soo noqnoqotay taxanaha qoyska CBS Nolosha Sirta ee Dhallinta Mareykanka ee 2010 ilaa 2011 iyo NBC saabuunta opera Maalmaha Noloshayada ee 2011. In 2011 2013, waxay ka soo muuqatay filimka riwaayadaha Christian Grace Unplugged , iyada oo u ciyaareysa sida uu qabo Variety "superstar pop tart" oo jirkeeda u adeegsata jidkeeda guusha. Sannadkii 2012, Thiebaud waxaa loo tuuray Dr. Britt Westbourne ee ABC opera saabuunta maalintii, Isbitaalka Guud Bishii Febraayo 2013, Soap Opera Digest waxay xaqiijisay in atariishada loo dalacsiiyay heerka qandaraaska Noofambar 10, 2014, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in Thiebaud la geliyay xaalad soo noqnoqota ka dib markii ay dhammaatay qandaraaskeedii laba sano ahaa, si ay u raacdo fursadaha kale ee jilitaanka Waxay ku celisay doorka dhawr jeer, intii u dhaxaysay 2015 iyo 2018, ee muuqaalada martida ee xaddidan. Bishii Maarso 2020, Thiebaud waxa uu ku soo noqday booqasho kale; Sebtembar isla sanadkaas, waxay ku soo noqotay doorka mar kale. Bishii Ogosto 2022, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay inay mar kale ka tagi doonto doorka Waxqabadka Thiebaud waxaa lagu soo dhaweeyay abaal-marin muhiim ah, isagoo ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Emmy Award ee Jilaaga Taakulaynta Wacan ee Taxanaha Riwaayadda ee 2022 annadka soo socda, Thiebaud waxay heshay magacaabisteeda labaad ee Abaalmarinta Emmy Award Thiebaud wuxuu ciyaaray doorarka hormuudka ah filimada nolosha ee telefishanka The Surrogate (2018) iyo A Mother on the Edge (2019) 2020, Thiebaud waxaa lagu tuuray taxanaha riwaayadaha ABC Station 19 isagoo ciyaaraya doorka soo noqnoqda sida Eva Vasquez. Waxay ku soo noqotay taxanaha 2022 Sannadkii 2025, waxay u soo muuqatay Layla Carreri riwaayadda maqalka ah ee Montecito , laga bilaabo Abriil 22 Isla sannadkaas, waxaa lagu dhawaaqay Thiebaud inuu ku soo laaban doono Isbitaalka Guud , laga bilaabo Luulyo. ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Thiebaud waxa ay guursatay xiddiggeedii hore ee Cisbitaalka Guud Bryan Craig bishii Juun 2015. Waxay wada socdeen tan iyo 2013. Laga bilaabo 2016, way kala tageen. ==Filmography== ===Filim=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Sannadka ! Ciwaanka ! Doorka ! class="unsortable" | Xusuusin |- | 2002 | ''Journey of Redemption'' | Lindsey | |- | 2011 | ''[[Hostel: Part III]]'' | Amy | |- | rowspan="3" | 2013 | ''[[Grace Unplugged]]'' | Renae Taylor | |- | ''Healing the Stupid'' | Carla | |- | ''[[Raze (film)|Raze]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=Rachel Nichols Talks Raze, Criminal Minds, G.I. Joe, and Female Empowerment|url=http://www.parade.com/249663/scottneumyer/rachel-nichols-talks-raze-criminal-minds-g-i-joe-and-female-empowerment/|publisher=Parade|access-date=December 31, 2015|date=January 7, 2014}}</ref> | Vanessa | |- | rowspan="1" | 2017 | ''Abduction of Angie'' | Miranda | |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | ''Every 21 Seconds'' | Mary Beth Sweeney | |- | ''The Surrogate'' | Danielle | |- |2022 |''Creator'' | Laura |Short film |- |2024 |''[[Shakey Grounds]]'' | Carrie | |} ===Telefishanka=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Sannadka ! Ciwaanka ! Doorka ! class="unsortable" | Xusuusin |- | rowspan="2" | 2010 | rowspan="2" | ''[[Chuck (TV series)|Chuck]]'' | Lady Agent | Episode: "[[Chuck Versus the Final Exam]]" |- | Evelyn Shaw | Episode: "[[Chuck Versus the American Hero]]" |- | rowspan="3" | 2011 | ''[[Castle (TV series)|Castle]]'' | Chloe Graves/Greta Morgan | Episode: "Nikki Heat" |- | ''[[The Secret Life of the American Teenager]]'' | Karlee Carmichael | 4 episodes |- | ''[[Days of Our Lives]]'' | Alicia | 2 episodes |- |2012 | ''[[Criminal Minds]]'' | Rebecca | Episode: "A Family Affair" |- |2012–2023 | ''[[General Hospital]]'' | [[Britt Westbourne|Dr. Britt Westbourne]] | {{Plain list | * 2012–14; 2021–23 (Contract role) * 2015; 2017–18; 2020–21 ([[Guest appearance|guest star]]) }} |- |2017 |''Love at First Glance'' |Carey |Television film |- |2019 |''A Mother on the Edge'' |Blair Ayken |Television film |- |2020 | ''[[Days of Our Lives]]'' | Zoey Burge #1 |Recurring role |- |2020—2022 |''[[Station 19]]'' |Eva Vasquez |Recurring role, 10 episodes<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.soapsindepth.com/posts/general-hospital/kelly-thiebaud-station-19|title=Watch Kelly Thiebaud in Station 19|date=2020-02-19|website=Soaps In Depth|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12}}</ref> |- |2023 |''[[Magnum P.I. (2018 TV series)|Magnum P.I.]]'' | Sara Macy |Episode: "The Passenger" |} == Awards and nominations == {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Year !! Award !! Category !! Work !! Result !! Ref |- | rowspan="3"|2018 |Cinema World Fest Awards |Best Acting | rowspan="3"|''Every 21 Seconds'' |{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="2"|Festigious International Film Festival |Best Ensemble Cast |{{Won}} | |- |Best Actress |{{Nom}} | |- | 2022 | [[Daytime Emmy Award]] | [[Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series|Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series]] | ''[[General Hospital]]'' | {{won}} |{{center|<ref name="NATAS 2022 Wins">{{cite web|title=The 49th Annual Daytime Emmy Award Telecast Winners|url=https://theemmys.tv/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/day-49th-telecast-winners.pdf|publisher=emmyonline.org and [[National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]] |access-date=June 27, 2022|date=June 24, 2022|location=New York}}</ref>}} |- | 2023 | Daytime Emmy Award | Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series | ''General Hospital'' | {{Nom}} |{{center|<ref name="NATAS 2023">{{cite web|url=https://theemmys.tv/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Daytime-Nominations-with-Credits-2023-05-10-1700.pdf|title=The 50th Annual Daytime Emmy Awards Nominations |publisher=emmyonline.org and National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences |access-date=May 13, 2023|year=2023|location=New York/Los Angeles}}</ref>}} |} ==Tixraac== [http://soapcentral.com/gh/news/2014/1110-thiebaud.php "Kelly Thiebaud waxay dooratay inaysan dib u saxiixin qandaraaskeeda GH"] {{Wayback|url=http://soapcentral.com/gh/news/2014/1110-thiebaud.php |date=20150327221218 }} [https://www.soapoperanetwork.com/2022/08/kelly-thiebaud-to-exit-general-hospital-returning-to-station-19-for-season-6 "Kelly Thiebaud si uu uga baxo 'Cisbitaalka Guud', ​​Ku soo Laabshada 'Station 19' Xilliga 6"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140328214546/http://daytimeconfidential.zap2it.com/2013/02/04/kelly-thiebaud-put-on-contract-as-general-hospitals-bitchy-britt "Kelly Thiebaud Waxay Qandaraas gashay sidii Cusbitaalka Guud ee Bichy Britt!"] [http://www.soapoperanetwork.com/2014/11/ghs-marc-anthony-samuel-kelly-thiebaud-john-j-york-bumped-recurring-status 'GH's' Marc Anthony Samuel, Kelly Thiebaud iyo John J. York Dhammaantood waxay ku dhaceen xaalad soo noqnoqota;] [https://daytimeconfidential.com/2022/06/25/kelly-thiebaud-wins-for-outstanding-supporting-actress-in-a-drama-series "Kelly Thiebaud wuxuu ku guuleystey Emmy Maalintii Emmy Jilaaga Taakulaynta Wacan ee Taxanaha Riwaayadaha"] [https://deadline.com/2023/04/2023-daytime-emmy-nominations-list-1235337722/ "Magacaabista Emmy ee maalintii: 'Isbitaalka Guud' waxay hogaaminayaan goobta & 'Kelly Clarkson' kuwa ugu sarreeya ee hadlaya"] [https://michaelfairmantv.com/montecito-new-audio-soap-opera-daytime-tv-favorties/2025/04/08/ oo ah Opera saabuun maqal ah oo cusub oo ay ka muuqato kuwa loo jecel yahay maalintii oo loo dejiyay in la sameeyo kulankiisii ​​ugu horeeyey"] [http://www.parade.com/249663/scottneumyer/rachel-nichols-talks-raze-criminal-minds-g-i-joe-and-female-empowerment/ "Rachel Nichols waxay ka hadashaa Raze, Maskaxda Dambiyada, GI Joe, iyo Awood-siinta Dumarka"] [https://theemmys.tv/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/day-49th-telecast-winners.pdf "Ku guuleystayaasha Telecast Abaalmarinta Abaalmarinta Emmy ee 49-aad ee Sannadlaha ah"] [https://theemmys.tv/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Daytime-Nominations-with-Credits-2023-05-10-1700.pdf "Magacaabista Abaalmarinta Emmy ee 50-aad ee Sannadlaha ah"]{{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [[imdbname:1576552|Kelly Thiebaud]] oo ka tirsan [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]] [https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/-/532230/ Kelly Thiebaud] {{Wayback|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/-/532230/ |date=20230408040600 }} oo ka tirsan Hagaha TV-ga [https://x.com/kellythiebaud Kelly Thiebaud ayaa] ku soo qortay [[Tuwitter|Twitter]] pphw65y8cak3bci5nhp1rnjroym49nb 0 43017 309118 285454 2026-09-23T01:53:45Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Bryan Craig | image = Bryan Craig 2014.jpg | caption = Craig Sannadkii 2014 | birth_name = Bryan Allen Craig | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1991|10|27}} | birth_place = [[Boca Raton, Florida|Boca Raton]], [[Florida]], U.S. | occupation = Jilaa | years_active = 2005–hadda }} '''Bryan Allen Craig''' (wuxuu dhashay Oktoobar 27, 1991) waa jilaa Mareykan ah. Waxa uu caan ku yahay ku ciyaarista Morgan Corinthos ee cisbitaalka guud ee saabuunta opera iyo Joaquin Perez oo ku jira dhibaato Wanaagsan . ==Nolosha hore== Craig wuxuu ku dhashay Boca Raton , Florida , 1991 ilaa Lissett Craig & Donnie Craig, wuxuu leeyahay walaal ka yar oo lagu magacaabo Bradley Allen Craig. Doorkiisii ​​ugu horreeyay ee jilitaanka wuxuu ahaa da'da afar iyo toban jir filimkii 2005 Off the Chain . Kadib wuxuu ka tagay Florida si uu xirfad jiliin uga sii wato Los Angeles ==Xirfad== Ka dib markii uu u dhaqaaqay Los Angeles, Craig waxaa loo tuuray Justin filimka 2011 ee Ruuxa Christmas . Wuxuu ku xigay ka soo muuqday Sagaalka Nolosha ee Chloe King ee 2011, wuxuuna door soo noqnoqda ku lahaa Baaldi & Skinner's Adventures Epic laga bilaabo 2011 ilaa 2012. Abriil 17, 2013, ABC waxay xaqiijisay in Craig lagu tuuray doorka Morgan Corinthos ee Isbitaalka Guud Wuxuu bilaabay inuu duubo muuqaalkiisii ​​​​ugu horreeyay Abriil 15. Craig ayaa markii dambe u sheegay Soap Opera Digest inuu ka walaacsan yahay inuu sameeyo saabuun. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, doorka Morgan wuxuu bedelay maskaxdiisa ku saabsan maalinta. Waa waalidkii oo ku qanciyay inuu saxiixo heshiis seddex sano ah Angela Durrell oo ka tirsan TV-ga Isha ayaa ku tilmaantay dabeecadda Morgan sida dhaawac dareen leh." Morgan waxa uu rabaa "xidhiidh adag" iyo xasilooni. Mara Levinsky ayaa ku tilmaamay Craig's Morgan inuu yahay "wax dareen ah" iyo "aan qummanayn." Michael Logan wuxuu ku tilmaamay Craig's Morgan inuu yahay "muul cajiib ah oo naxdin leh ee puppy iyo testosterone testy. Markii la waydiiyay dabeecadiisa "caadiga ah iyo furaha hoose", dharka, inkastoo qoyskiisu ay qani ku yihiin qaninimo, Craig wuxuu sheegay in Morgan uu yahay wax walba oo ku saabsan lacag caddaan ah oo degdeg ah, laakiin "ka fog snooty." Waa ninka hurda maalinta oo dhan, oo quraacda u cuna biisa. Dareenkiisa qaab-dhismeedku waxa uu ka tarjumayaa shakhsiyadiisa dib u dhigtay Susan Hornik waxay ku tilmaantay Craig's Morgan inuu yahay " Amiir Harry -esque, wiil xun. Tan iyo markii uu qaatay doorka Morgan, Craig waxaa loo magacaabay Abaalmarinta Maalinta Emmy Awards ee qaybta Jilaaga Da'da yar ee Taxanaha Riwaayadaha , wuxuuna ku guuleystay abaalmarinta 2016 Bishii Sebtembar 15, 2016, Craig ayaa ku dhawaaqay Instagram- ka inuu go'aansaday inuu ka baxo taxanaha. Ka dib markii uu ka tagay Isbitaalka Guud , Craig wuxuu ka soo muuqday doorka soo noqnoqda ee Sgt Adam Coogan ee taxanaha CW Valor laga bilaabo 2017 ilaa 2018 2019, wuxuu bilaabay inuu jilo Javi Mendoza ee riwaayadaha ABC Grand Hotel . ==Nolosha gaarka ah== Craig waxa uu hore ula guursaday saaxiibkiisa Cisbitaalka Guud Kelly Thiebaud . ==Filmography== ===Filim=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- ! Sannadka ! Ciwaanka ! Dabeecad ! Xusuusin |- | 2005 | ''Off the Chain'' | Jason Evridge | Credited as Bryan Allen Craig |- | 2011 | ''Christmas Spirit'' | Justin | |- |2020 | ''The Ride'' |Jack | |- |2020 | ''American Fighter'' |Ryan | |- | 2021 | ''[[Women Is Losers]]'' | Mateo | |- |2022 | ''[[That's Amor]]'' |Richard | |} ===Telefishanka=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |- ! Sannadka ! Ciwaanka ! Dabeecad ! Xusuusin |- |- | 2011 | ''[[The Nine Lives of Chloe King]]'' | Jonah Mimby | S1 E6 "Nothing Compares 2 U" |- | 2011–2012 | ''[[Bucket & Skinner's Epic Adventures]]'' | Blake Dunkirk | Recurring role |- | 2013–2016, 2018, 2024 | ''[[General Hospital]]'' | [[Morgan Corinthos]] | Contract role |- | 2017–2018 | ''[[Valor (TV series)|Valor]]'' | Sgt Adam Coogan | Recurring role |- | 2019 | ''[[Grand Hotel (TV series)|Grand Hotel]]'' | Javi Mendoza | Series regular |- | 2022–2024 | ''[[Good Trouble (TV series)|Good Trouble]]'' | Joaquin Perez | Series regular |} ==Abaalmarinta iyo magacaabista== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+List of acting awards and nominations |- ! scope="col" | Sannadka ! scope="col" | Abaalmarinta ! scope="col" | Qaybta ! scope="col" | Ciwaanka ! scope="col" | Natiijada ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Ref.|References}} |- | {{center|2014}} | [[Daytime Emmy Award]] | [[Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series|Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series]] |''[[General Hospital]]'' | {{nom }} |{{center|<ref name="NATAS 2014">{{cite web |url=http://emmyonline.org/day_41st_nominations |title=The 41st Annual Daytime Entertainment Emmy Award Nominations |publisher=emmyonline.org and [[National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]] |location=New York |access-date=May 1, 2014 |date=May 1, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140623154747/http://emmyonline.org/day_41st_nominations |archive-date=2014-06-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} |- | {{center|2015}} | Daytime Emmy Award | Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series | ''General Hospital'' |{{nom }} |{{center|<ref name="NATAS 2015">{{cite web |title=The 42nd Annual Daytime Emmy Award Nominations |url=http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_42nd_nominations.pdf |publisher=emmyonline.org and [[National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]] |access-date=March 31, 2015 |date=March 31, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093445/http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_42nd_nominations.pdf |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |location=[[New York City]] |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} |- | {{center|2016}} | Daytime Emmy Award | Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series | ''General Hospital'' |{{won}} |{{center|<ref name="NATAS 2016">{{cite web|title=The 43rd Annual Daytime Emmy Award Nominations|url=http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_43rd_nominations.pdf|publisher=emmyonline.org and [[National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]]|access-date=March 24, 2016|date=March 24, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417042422/http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_43rd_nominations.pdf|archive-date=April 17, 2016|location=[[New York City]]|url-status=live}}</ref>}} |- | {{center|2017}} | Daytime Emmy Award | Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series | ''General Hospital'' |{{won}} |{{center|<ref name="NATAS 2017">{{cite web |title=The 44th Annual Daytime Emmy Award Nominations |url=http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_44th_nominations_v01.pdf |publisher=emmyonline.org and [[National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]] |access-date=March 22, 2017 |date=March 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323053802/http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_44th_nominations_v01.pdf |archive-date=March 23, 2017 |location=[[New York City]] |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} |} ==Tixraac== [http://tvsourcemagazine.com/2013/04/general-hospital-casts-bryan-craig-as-the-new-morgan-corinthos/ wuxuu u saaray Bryan Craig inuu yahay Morgan Corinthos-ka Cusub"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20131203022025/http://daytimeconfidential.zap2it.com/2013/08/20/exclusive-catching-up-with-real-life-general-hospital-lovebirds-kelly-thiebaud-and-bryan-?page=0%2C1 Nolosha dhabta ah Lovebirds Kelly Thiebaud iyo Bryan Craig"] [http://soaps.sheknows.com/general-hospital/news/48707/bryan-craig-announces-his-departure-from-general-hospital "Bryan Craig Waxa Uu Ku Dhawaaqay Inuu Ka Baxay] [https://deadline.com/2017/09/valor-brian-letscher-bryan-craig-recur-the-cw-drama-series-1202169581/ : Brian Letscher & Bryan Craig Waxay Ku Soo Laabteen Taxanaha Riwaayadaha CW"] [http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_43rd_nominations.pdf "Magacaabista Abaalmarinta Emmy Award ee 43-aad ee Maalintii"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170323053802/http://cdn.emmyonline.org/day_44th_nominations_v01.pdf "Magacaabista Abaalmarinta Emmy ee 44-aad ee Sannadlaha ah"]{{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== [[imdbname:1462958|Bryan Craig]] ee [[Internet Movie Database|IMDb]] [https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/-/556300/ Bryan Craig] {{Wayback|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/-/556300/ |date=20230324042546 }} oo jooga Hagaha TV-ga [https://x.com/bryan_craig Bryan Craig ayaa] bartiisa Twitter-ka ku soo qoray [http://www.tv.com/people/bryan-craig/ Byan Craig] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tv.com/people/bryan-craig/ |date=20180621171058 }} [http://www.soapoperanetwork.com/topic/bryan-craig Bryan Craig] oo jooga [http://www.soapoperanetwork.com/ Shabakadda Soap Opera Network] ac7mg1nlbax2mqmcfyxp6om81dlwyvy 10 43180 309131 285333 2026-09-23T03:49:07Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 309131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{main other | demospace = {{{demospace|}}} |{{ambox | name = Update | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Update | image = [[File:{{Ambox globe current red}}|42px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{#if:{{{part|{{{1|}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{part|{{{1|}}}}}}|section |{{#if:{{{inaccurate|}}} |Saxnaanta '''[[Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute|xaqiiqada]]''' ee qaybtan waxaa laga yaabaa inay waxyeello gaarto sababo la xiriira macluumaad duugoobay |Qaybtan waxay u baahan tahay in la '''cusboonaysiiyo'''}} |{{#if:{{{inaccurate|}}} |'''[[Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute|Saxnaanta xaqiiqada]]''' ee qaybaha maqaalkan (kuwa la xiriira {{{part|{{{1|}}}}}}) waxaa laga yaabaa inay waxyeello gaarto sababo la xiriira macluumaad duugoobay |Qaybaha maqaalkan (kuwa la xiriira {{{part|{{{1|}}}}}}) waxay u baahan yihiin in la '''cusboonaysiiyo'''}} }} |{{#if:{{{inaccurate|}}} |'''[[Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute|Saxnaanta xaqiiqada]]''' ee maqaalkan waxaa laga yaabaa inay waxyeello gaarto sababo la xiriira macluumaad duugoobay |Maqaalkani waxa uu u baahan yahay in la '''cusboonaysiiyo'''}} }}. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Sababta ayaa lagu sheegay: {{{reason}}}.}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi in tan la cusbooneysiiyo {{{type|{{SUBJECTSPACE formatted}}}}} si loo muujiyo dhacdooyinkii ugu dambeeyay ama macluumaad cusub. {{#if:{{{2|{{{updated|}}}}}} |<br /><small>Cusbooneysiintii ugu dambeysay : {{{2|{{{updated}}}}}}</small> }} | talk = {{{talk|{{{talksection|{{{discuss|}}}}}}}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = {{#if:{{{inaccurate|}}}|Maqaallada leh macluumaad duugoobay|Maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan cusbooneysiin}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan cusbooneysiin | all2 = {{{cat|}}} }} |{{mbox | name = Update | subst = 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date and age|1981|06|30}} | birth_place = Lagos | nationality = Nigerian | occupation = Siyaasi | party = Xisbiga Horusocodka oo dhan (APC) | otherparty = Xisbiga Dimuqraadiga Dadweynaha | website = https://ibo.org.ng/ }} '''Ibrahim Babajide Obanikoro''' (badanaa loo yaqaan IBO waa siyaasi reer Nigeria ah . ==Nolosha hore, waxbarashada iyo shaqada== Ibrahim Babajide Obanikoro waxa uu ku dhashay June 30, 1981 ee Lagos , Nigeria. Aabihii, Musiliu Obanikoro , waa senetar hore oo Nigeria ah , waxaana uu soo noqday wasiiru dowlaha difaaca, waxa uu dhiganayay King's College, Lagos , Nigeria, ka hor inta uusan waxbarasho sare u sii wadan Mareykanka. Waxa uu shahaadada Bachelor of Science in Political Science ka qaatay Jaamacadda St. Cloud State University ee ku taalla gobolka Minnesota ee dalka Mareykanka, sidoo kale waxa uu shahaadada Master-ka ee maamulka guud (MPA) ka qaatay Jaamacadda Pace ee magaalada New York Intii uu Maraykanka wax ku baranayey, waxa uu aqoon iyo xirfado ka qaatay maamulka caddaaladda dembiyada oo uu tababar shaqo ku qaatay Maxkamadda Maxkamadda ee Jaamacadda St. Cloud, Minnesota. Waxa uu u soo shaqeeyay Kaaliyaha Xiriiriyaha ee hoos yimaada Guddoomiyaha Turner ee Degmooyinka Degmada Brooklyn. Intaa waxaa dheer, wuxuu ka soo shaqeeyay kaaliyaha qalin-jabinta ee Jaamacadda Pace ee New York Kadib markii uu waxbarashadiisa ku dhamaystay dalka Maraykanka, Babajide waxa uu ku laabtay Nigeria, halkaas oo uu ku haystay Adeegga Dhalinyarada Qaranka ee qasabka ah (NYSC) oo uu ka helay Zenith Bank PLC. Waxa lagu sii hayay kaaliyaha fulinta ee bangiga ka dibna waxa uu ku biiray MOB Integrated Services Nigeria Limited, halkaas oo uu ka gaadhay jagada agaasimaha fulinta . Wuxuu aasaasay Beeraha Ejide iyo Guriga Beerta ee Ilori oo ku takhasusay soo saarista kalluunka tilapia , lo'da, iyo wananka. ==Xirfad siyaasadeed== Ibrahim Bababjide Obanikoro ayaa safarkiisa siyaasadeed bilaabay isagoo 29 jir ah sanadkii 2011 markaas oo uu u tartamay aqalka baarlamaanka ee Lagos isagoo ah wakiilka Eti-Osa Constituency II, ee hoos taga xisbiga Dimuqraadiga Shacabka (PDP), kaas oo uu ku guul daraystay Kadib waxa uu u tartamay jagada gudoomiyenimada deegaanka horumarinta golaha deegaanka ee Ikoyi/Obalende waxaana lagu dhawaaqay in uu ku guulaystay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guushiisa ayaa ugu dambeyntii lagu baabi'iyay xukun Maxkamadda Racfaanka sababo farsamo awgeed Bishii Febraayo 2018, Babajide wuxuu ku biiray xisbiga talada haya, All Progressives Congress (APC) Iyadoo la raacayo dhaqdhaqaaqa " No-Too-Young-To-Run ee doorashada guud ee 2019, wuxuu u tartamay kursiga Golaha Wakiilada ee degaankiisa - Eti-Osa Federal Constituency - oo hoos yimaada calanka APC oo la doortay Ka dib waxaa loo caleemasaaray xubin ka mid ah Golaha Barlamanka Dhallinyarada (YPF) ee Golaha Shacbiga 9aad iyo guddoomiye ku xigeen loo doortay Isaga oo ka tirsan Golaha Wakiilada, waxa uu daah-furay barnaamij awood-siineed oo deeq dhaqaale lagu siinayo ganacsatada yaryar, mooto bajaajta iyo ururrada deegaanka, iyo hawl-wadeennada amniga si ay uga caawiyaan dadaallada amniga bulshada. Waxa uu fududeeyay barnaamijyo sharci-dejineed oo badan oo ay kafaalo-qaadday Hay'adda Shirkadaha Yaryar iyo Kuwa Dhex-dhexaadka ah ee Nigeria (SMEDAN) si loola dagaallamo faqriga iyo kor u qaadida horumarinta raasamaal ee dadka ee Eti-Osa Waxa kale oo uu u qaybiyay in ka badan 1,000 laptops ardayda, ururada dadka deegaanka, iyo Booliska Nigeria ee deegaankiisa Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Obanikoro ayaa ku guul darreystay tartankiisii ​​ahaa in uu mar kale u tartamo kursiga Golaha Wakiilada ee Eti-Osa oo uu ku guuleystay musharaxa xisbiga shaqaalaha , Attah Thaddeus . ==Muranka tigidhada doorashada== Bishii Maajo 2022, khilaaf ayaa ka dhashay ka dib doorashadii hore ee tigidhada Golaha Wakiilada ee All Progressives Congress (APC) ee degaanka Eti-Osa ee Aqalka Wakiilada Federaalka. Ibrahim Babajide Obanikoro ayaa 23 cod kaga adkaaday musharaxnimadiisa jagada labaad ee xisbiga Oyekanmi Elegushi oo helay 25 cod Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Elegushi waxa uu soo bandhigay sida uu ugu han-weyn yahay hoggaanka xisbiga oo uu si iskii ah uga tanaasulay musharraxnimadiisa, isagoo xaliyay khilaafkii ka taagnaa. ==Tixraac== [https://medium.com/@2804mediaconcept/meet-the-man-representative-ibrahim-babajide-obanikoro-proudly-serving-eti-osa-federal-1d733921fa5d "LA KULAN NINKA: MHR IBRAHIM BABAJIDE OBANIKORO Si sharaf leh ugu adeegaya degaanka Eti-Osa Federal Constituency, Lagos..."] [https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/ibrahim-babajide-obanikoro "Xafiisyada guud ee uu Ibrahim Babajide Obanikoro ku leeyahay Nigeria"] [https://www.icirnigeria.org/profiling-obanikoros-son-who-called-for-shut-down-of-domiciliary-accounts-to-fix-naira-debacle/ "Faafinta ina Obanikoro ee kasbaday xidhitaanka akoonnada guriga si loo hagaajiyo burburka naira"] {{Wayback|url=https://www.icirnigeria.org/profiling-obanikoros-son-who-called-for-shut-down-of-domiciliary-accounts-to-fix-naira-debacle/ |date=20260119183513 }} [https://www.chronicle.ng/2019/10/lawan-inaugurates-young-parliamentarians-forum/ "Lawan wuxuu u caleemasaaray Tukura, Obanikoro gudoomiye, ku xigeenka golaha baarlamaanka ee dhalinyarada - Chronicle.ng"] {{Wayback|url=https://www.chronicle.ng/2019/10/lawan-inaugurates-young-parliamentarians-forum/ |date=20230304114325 }} [https://www.thecable.ng/elegushi-or-obanikoro-confusion-over-lagos-apc-reps-ticket-for-eti-osa-constituency "Elegushi mise Obanikoro? Jahwareer ka taagan Lagos APC reps tigidhkii Eti-Osa constituency"] [https://gazettengr.com/babajide-obanikoro-loses-lagos-apc-house-of-reps-ticket-to-elegushi/ "Babajide Obanikoro wuxuu lumiyay Lagos APC House of Reps tigidhkii Elegushi"] {{Wayback|url=https://gazettengr.com/babajide-obanikoro-loses-lagos-apc-house-of-reps-ticket-to-elegushi/ |date=20250709070806 }} [https://dailypost.ng/2022/06/15/elegushi-surrenders-apc-reps-ticket-for-eti-osa-federal-constituency-gives-reason/ "Elegushi waxa uu dhiibey tigidhka wakiilada APC ee degaanka Eti-Osa, waxa uu bixinayaa sabab] 1v61yatkpts4836thb84bwkvhjbzx0u 0 44932 309219 290337 2026-09-23T06:04:06Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = | image = | caption = | birth_name = Komla Afeke Dumor | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1972|10|03}} | birth_place = [[Accra]], Ghana | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2014|01|18|1972|10|03}} | death_place = [[Mill End, Rickmansworth]], England | education = [[Jaamacadda Ghana]]<br/>[[Jaamacadda Harvard]] | occupation = Saxaafi | spouse = {{marriage|Kwansema Dumor|2001}} | domestic_partner = | children = 3 | relatives = {{Plainlist| *[[Mawuena Trebarh]] (walaal) *[[Philip Gbeho]] (awoowe) *[[James Victor Gbeho]] (adeer) }} | nationality = Ghanaian | years_active = | credits = {{Plainlist| *''[[Joy FM (Ghana)|Joy FM]] Super Morning Show'' (c.2000–2006) *''BBC Network Africa'' (2006–2011) *''[[BBC World News (programme)|BBC World News]]'' *''[[Africa Business Report]]'' *''[[The World Today (BBC World Service)|The World Today]]'' *''[[Focus on Africa (TV programme)|Focus on Africa]]'' *''[[GMT (TV programme)|GMT]]'' *''[[Global (programme)|Global]]'' }} | agent = | website = }} '''Komla Afeke Dumor''' (3 Oktoobar 1972 - 18 Janaayo 2014) wuxuu ahaa wariye u dhashay Ghana kana soo shaqeeyay BBC World News wuxuuna ahaa daadihiyihii ugu weynaa barnaamijkeeda Focus on Afrika . ==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada== Dumor wuxuu ku dhashay Accra , Ghana. Aabihii, Ernest Dumor, wuxuu ahaa borofisar cilmiga bulshada, hooyadiis, Cecelia Dumor, waxay haysatay shahaadada mastarka ee Isgaarsiinta Mass Awowgiis wuxuu ahaa Philip Gbeho , curiyaha muusiga heesta calanka Ghana , iyo adeerkiis, James Victor Gbeho , waa dublamaasi hormuud u ah Ghana. Dumor wuxuu markii hore wax ka bartay caafimaadka ka hor Jaamacadda Jos , Nigeria , laakiin wuxuu u dhoofay waddankiisa halkaas oo uu ka bilaabay arday caafimaad Jaamacadda Ghana laakiin markii dambe wuxuu ka qalin jabiyay BSc. ee cilmiga bulshada iyo cilmi-nafsiga, iyo Jaamacadda Harvard ee John F. Kennedy School of Government oo leh Master's of Public Administration. Walaashiis waxay ahayd Mawuena Trebarh , Madaxii hore ee Fulinta ee Xarunta Horumarinta Maalgelinta ee Ghana (GIPC) iyo walaalkiis waa Dr. Korshie Dumor, oo ah dhakhtar caafimaad oo fadhigiisu yahay Maraykanka ==Tixraac== [https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/worldnews/070612focusonafrica.html "BBC waxay ku dhawaaqday in diiradda la saarayo Afrika] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/worldnews/070612focusonafrica.html |date=20140222005439 }} [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/komla-dumor-respected-and-admired-radio-and-television-presenter-who-played-a-leading-role-in-transforming-the-coverage-of-africa-9078486.html "Komla Dumor: Soo-jeediyaha raadiyaha iyo telefishinka ee la ixtiraamo oo door hormuud ah ka qaatay wax ka beddelka wararka Afrika" (bituary)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140124174859/http://news.peacefmonline.com/pages/news/201401/186556.php "Komla Dumor Waxa Uu Doonayay Inuu Noqdo Dhaqtar Caafimaad In Kastuu Aad U Jecelyahay Saxaafadda Balse..."] [https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/worldnews/2016/didi-akinyelure-awarded-bbc-world-news-komla-dumor-award "Didi Akinyelure waxa lagu abaalmariyey Abaalmarinta BBC World News ee Komla Dumor Award"] mbo722wob9knlsd09tume6rlj58m5zg 0 45251 309205 291017 2026-09-23T05:11:16Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Ini Ikpe | birth_name = Ini Simon Ikpe | birth_place = [[Akwa Ibom]], [[Nayjeeriya]] | occupation = Atariisho | years_active = 2004 - Till Date | spouse = Hon Joe Etukudo }} '''Ini Ikpe''' waa jilaa reer Nigeria ah. Waxay shaqadeeda aflaanta bilawday 2003dii, waxayna wax ka jishay in ka badan 100 filim ilaa wakhtigaas. 2012, waxaa lagu abaalmariyay atariishada taageerta ugu wanaagsan filimkaKokomma. Kokommawaxay heshay saddex magacaabis Abaalmarinta9th Africa Movie Academy Awards, iyadoo Effah ay ku guulaysatay abaal marintaJilaaga Ballanqaadka ahee doorkeeda majaajilada ah ee filimka. Waxaa lagu sii daayay DVD Sebtembar 2012. ==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada== Ini Ikpe waa Ibibio oo ka yimid gobolka Akwa Ibom ee ku yaal koonfurta-koonfur ee Nigeria, oo aan ka fogeyn Calabar. Hooyadeed waxay ahayd macallimad, aabaheedna wuxuu ahaa Oday Kaniisadda jooga. Waxay lahayd korriin adag iyada oo ah afaraad lix carruur ah, afar gabdhood, laba wiil. Waxay dhigatay Cornelius Connely College ee Calabar dugsigeeda sare oo ay weheliso Ini Edo . Waxay ka heshay jilitaanka saaxiibkeed Ini Edo iyo Emem Isong . ==Tixraac== [https://ameyawdebrah.com/jmartins-named-african-music-ambassador-at-giama-awards/ "JMartins ayaa loo magacaabay danjiraha muusiga Afrika ee abaalmarinta GIAMA"] [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm303067 Ini Ikpe IMDb] {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ik0qnntjgxqbtmstej48abjictfk5cb 0 45648 309116 291690 2026-09-23T01:49:30Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309116 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Boris Kodjoe | image = Studio189 (cropped).jpg | caption = Kodjoe sanadkii 2021 | birthname = Boris Frederic Cecil Tay-Natey Ofuatey-Kodjoe | birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1973|3|8}} | birth_place = [[Vienna]], Austria | citizenship = Jarmalka | occupation = {{flatlist| * Actor * producer * model}} | alma_mater = [[Virginia Commonwealth University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) | height_ft = 6 | height_in = 3 | spouse = {{marriage|[[Nicole Ari Parker]]|2005|}} | children = 2 | yearsactive = 1994–hadda }} '''Boris Frederic Cecil Tay-Natey Ofuatey-Kodjoe''' wuxuu dhashay Maarso 8, 1973) waa jilaa Jarmal ah iyo moodel hore, saldhigiisuna yahay Mareykanka. Doorkiisii ​​​​horumarineed wuxuu ahaa wakiilka-soo-gudbinta isboortiga Damon Carter ee taxanaha riwaayadaha waqtiga-tusaha ee Soul Food (2000-2004). Doorkiisa kale ee caanka ah ee telefishinka waxaa ka mid ah Dr. Will Campbell oo ku saabsan CBS's Code Black , Phil Miller oo ku saabsan Ninka Ugu Dambeeyay ee Dunida , Robert Sullivan oo ku sugan Saldhigga 19 , iyo nooc khayaali ah oo naftiisa ah oo ku saabsan ragga dhabta ah ee Hollywood . ==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada== Kodjoe wuxuu ku dhashay Vienna , Austria, wiilka Ursula, oo ah dhakhtar cilmi-nafsi oo Jarmal ah oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Yuhuudda, iyo Eric Kodjoe, oo ah dhakhtar Ga-Dangme ah oo u dhashay Ghana. Magaciisa waxaa la yiraahdaa gabyaa Ruush ah iyo qoraa Boris Pasternak Ayeeyadii hore ee Kodjoe waxay ahayd Yuhuudi waxaana lagu dilay Xasuuqii ; ayeeyadiis hooyadeed waxay ka badbaaday dagaalkii qarsoonaa. Waalidkii Kodjoe way kala tageen markuu lix jir ahaa, wuxuuna wakhtigaas u guuray Jarmalka. Wuxuu ku koray magaalada Gundelfingen , oo u dhow Freiburg im Breisgau ==Tixraac== [http://aalbc.com/reviews/boris_kodjoe.htm "Boris Kodjoe: Wareysiga All About Us oo lala yeeshay Kam Williams"] [http://www.vcuathletics.com/sports/mten/2009-10/releases/20100708vhqqi3 "Waqtiga Kodjoe Ugu Dambeyn Waa La Yimid," Ciyaaraha Jaamacadda Virginia Commonwealth, Arbaco, Juun 16, 2010. ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.vcuathletics.com/sports/mten/2009-10/releases/20100708vhqqi3 |date=20160410072105 }} [https://www.bet.com/article/bmk1ad/boris-kodjoe-on-racism-in-germany "Boris Kodjoe oo ku saabsan la kulanka cunsuriyadda isagoo ku koraya Jarmalka"] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bet.com/article/bmk1ad/boris-kodjoe-on-racism-in-germany |date=20251007025828 }} [https://deadline.com/2014/03/boris-kodjoe-joins-abcs-the-club-yvette-monreal-in-el-reys-matador-705639/ Boris Kodjoe oo ku biiray barnaamijka ABC ee 'The Club'; Yvette Monreal oo ku jirta barnaamijka El Rey ee 'Matador ] [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/station-19-boris-kodjoe-joins-season-2-1128415 "Station 19" oo Boris Kodjoe u soo bandhigaya xilli ciyaareedka 2aad"] 6dqme6m1kdv3d83wm201wcicaobw4u8 0 46166 309146 292766 2026-09-23T04:26:45Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Grace Ogot | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = Grace Emily Akinyi | birth_date = 15 May 1930 | birth_place = [[Asembo]], [[Nyanza Province|Nyanza]], [[Kenya]] | death_date = {{death date and age|2015|3|18|1930|5|15|df=y}} | death_place = [[Nairobi]], Kenya | known_for = Qoraa, kalkaaliso caafimaad, wariye, siyaasi iyo diblomaasi | spouse = | nationality = Kenyan }} '''Grace Emily Ogot''' (dhashay Akinyi; 15 Maajo 1930 - 18 Maarso 2015) waxay ahayd qoraa, kalkaaliso caafimaad, saxafi, siyaasi iyo diblomaasi reer Kenya ah . Iyada oo ay weheliso Charity Waciuma waxay ahayd qoraagii ugu horreeyay ee dumar ah oo reer Kenya ah oo Ingiriis ku hadla oo la daabaco Waxay ka mid ahayd xubnihii ugu horreeyay ee Kenya ee baarlamaanka waxayna noqotay wasiir ku xigeen. ==Taariikh Nololeed== Ogot waxaa ku dhalatay Grace Emily Akinyi qoys Masiixi ah 15kii Maajo 1930 oo ku taal Asembo , degmada Nyanza , Kenya - tuulo ay aad u deggan yihiin qowmiyadda Luo ee Masiixiyiinta ah Aabaheed, Joseph Nyanduga, wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah raggii ugu horreeyay ee tuulada Asembo ee helay waxbarasho reer galbeed ah. Wuxuu hore u galay Kaniisadda Anglican, wuxuuna wax ka dhigay Dugsiga Gabdhaha Ng'iya ee Kaniisadda Missionary Society Aabaheed, waxay ka baratay sheekooyinka Axdiga Hore , waxayna ahayd ayeeydeed Ogot oo ka baratay sheekooyinka dhaqameed ee deegaanka oo ay markii dambe ka heli doonto dhiirigelin Asalka Grace Ogot aad ayuu u xiiso badnaa Ogot waxay dhigan jirtay Dugsiga Gabdhaha Ng'iya iyo Dugsiga Sare ee Butere intii ay dhallinyaranimada ahayd. Laga bilaabo 1949 ilaa 1953, waxay ku tababaratay kalkaaliye ahaan Isbitaalka Tababarka Kalkaalinta ee Uganda . Kadib waxay ka shaqeysay London, England, Isbitaalka St. Thomas ee Hooyooyinka iyo Dhallaanka. Waxay ku laabatay Ingiriisiga kalkaalinta Afrika. ==Nolosha shaqsiyeed== Sannadkii 1959, Grace Ogot waxay guursatay macallin taariikheed oo Bethwell Allan Ogot ah, oo ka soo jeeda Gem Location, ka dibna waxay noqotay hooyo afar carruur ah leh. Xiisaheeda sheeko-xariirka iyo xiisaha ninkeeda ee dhaqanka afka ah iyo taariikhda dadka Luo ayaa markii dambe lagu dari doonaa xirfaddeeda qorista Ogot waxay geeriyootay 18 Maarso 2015. ==Shaqada== Sannadkii 1968, Grace Ogot waxay akhriday sheekadeeda gaaban ee "Sanadka Sacrifice" shir ku saabsan Suugaanta Afrika ee Jaamacadda Makerere ee Uganda. Ka dib markii ay ogaatay in aysan jirin shaqo kale oo ay soo bandhigeen ama ay soo bandhigeen qorayaasha Bariga Afrika, Ogot waxay ku dhiiratay inay daabacdo shaqooyinkeeda, taas oo markii dambe ay ku samaysay luqadda Luo iyo Ingiriisiga labadaba. "Sanadka Sacrifice" ayaa lagu daabacay daabacaad ahaan shaqadii ugu horreysay ee la daabacay ee Ogot ee joornaalka Afrika ee Black Orpheus sannadkii 1963 Sannadkii 1964, sheekadeeda gaaban ee "Rain Come" ayaa la daabacay iyadoo qayb ka ah ururinta Sheekooyinka Afrika ee Casriga ah , oo ay si wada jir ah u tafatirtay Es'kia Mphahlele , oo abaabushay shirkii hore ee lagu soo sheegay Suugaanta Afrika ee Jaamacadda Makerere ee Uganda sannadkii 1962. "Rain Come" waxay ahayd nooc dib loo shaqeeyay oo ah "Sanadka Sacrifice" laakiin si weyn loo soo gaabiyey oo leh bilow iyo dhammaad ka duwan. Sidoo kale sanadkii 1964, sheekada gaaban ee "Ward Nine" ayaa lagu daabacay joornaalka Transition Buuggii ugu horreeyay ee Ogot ee The Promised Land , oo la sameeyay 1930-meeyadii, ayaa la daabacay 1966 wuxuuna diiradda saaray socdaalka Luo iyo dhibaatooyinka ka dhasha socdaalka. Jilaayaasheeda ugu muhiimsan waxay ka haajireen Nyanza una guureen waqooyiga Tansaaniya , iyagoo raadinaya dhul iyo hanti bacrin ah. Sheekadu waxay sidoo kale diiradda saartay mawduucyada nacaybka qabiilka, maalka, iyo fikradaha dhaqameed ee dheddigga iyo waajibaadka xaasnimada 1968 waxaa la daabacay Land Without Thunder , oo ah ururin sheekooyin gaagaaban oo laga sameeyay Luoland hore. Sharaxaadaha Ogot, qalabka suugaaneed, iyo sheekooyinka Land Without Thunder waxay bixiyaan aragti qiimo leh oo ku saabsan dhaqanka Luo ee Bariga Afrika kahor gumeysiga. Shaqooyinkeeda kale waxaa ka mid ah Aroosadda Qarsoon, Qalinjabiyaha, Haweeneyda Kale iyo Jasiiradda Ilmada. ==Tixraac== [http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000093261/grace-ogot-took-the-african-story-to-the-world "Grace Ogot waxay Sheekada Afrika u qaadday Adduunka"] [https://wundef.com/grace-ogot-one-of-the-africas-finest-writers-and-the-first-woman-to-publish-novel-in-east-africa/ "Grace Ogot: Mid ka mid ah Qorayaasha ugu Fiican Afrika iyo Haweeneydii ugu horreysay ee daabacda Sheeko Cusub Bariga Afrika"] {{Wayback|url=https://wundef.com/grace-ogot-one-of-the-africas-finest-writers-and-the-first-woman-to-publish-novel-in-east-africa/ |date=20220810115532 }} [http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Grace-Ogot-chronicles-her-life-in-new-autobiography/-/1248928/1656866/-/item/1/-/b0k6mfz/-/index.html "Grace Ogot waxay taariikh u leedahay nolosheeda taariikh nololeed cusub" ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Grace-Ogot-chronicles-her-life-in-new-autobiography/-/1248928/1656866/-/item/1/-/b0k6mfz/-/index.html |date=20160303233255 }} [https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/art-culture/author-grace-ogot-dies-in-nairobi-1077078 "Qoraa Grace Ogot ayaa ku dhimatay Nairobi"] btiodbav8p2cwmnkklot3o2f2757tua 0 46536 309206 293359 2026-09-23T05:26:11Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{MedalTableTop|2005 London Marathon Gharib.jpg|180px|Gharib jooga 2005 [[London Marathon]]}} {{MedalSport|Ragga [[Ciyaaraha fudud]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{MAR}} }} {{MedalCompetition|[[Ciyaaraha Olombikada]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2008 Summer Olympics|2008 Beijing]]|[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2008 Summer Olympics – Marathon-ka ragga|Marathon]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[IAAF World Championships in Athletics|Horyaalka Adduunka]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2003 World Championships in Athletics - Men's Marathon|2003 Paris]]|[[2003 World Championships in Athletics – Marathon-ka ragga|Marathon]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2005 World Championships in Athletics - Men's Marathon|2005 Helsinki]]|[[2005 World Championships in Athletics – Marathon-ka ragga|Marathon]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[Ciyaaraha Mediterranean-ka]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2001 Mediterranean Games|2001 Radès]]|[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2001 Mediterranean Games|10,000 m]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[IAAF World Half Marathon Championships|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Nus Marathon-ka]]}} {{Medal|Silver|[[2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships|2002 Brussels]]|[[Nus marathon]]}} {{MedalBottom}} ​'''Jaouad Gharib''' ({{langx|ar|جواد غريب}}, wuxuu dhashay 22 Maayo 1972 gudaha [[Khenifra]], [[Morocco]]) waa [[Morocco|Moroccan]] [[Orodyahan masaafada dheer|orodyahan masaafada dheer ah]] kaas oo ku tartama [[marathon]]-ka. Isagoo ku guuleystay [[2003 World Championships in Athletics|Horyaalkii Adduunka 2003]] iyo [[2005 World Championships in Athletics|Horyaalkii Adduunka 2005]] fogaantaas, wuxuu sidoo kale caan ku yahay inuu si dhab ah u bilaabay orodka isagoo jira laba iyo labaatan sano. Guushiisii labaad ee 2005 ayaa ka dhigtay orodyahankii labaad ee isku xigta ee ku guuleysta horyaalnimada adduunka ee marathon-ka, ka dib [[Abel Antón]]. Wuxuu ahaa bilad-qaataha qalinka ee marathon-ka ee [[2008 Summer Olympics|Ciyaarihii Olombikada xagaaga 2008]]. ​ ==Shaqada== ===Sannadihii hore=== Jaouad Gharib wuxuu ku dhashay [[Khenifra]], [[Middle Atlas]] waalidkiis waxay ahaayeen [[Dadka Berber-ka|Berber]] laakiin wuxuu noqday [[Agoon]]. Isboortigii uu aadka u jeclaa caruurnimadiisii wuxuu ahaa [[kubadda cagta]] mana aysan ahayn ilaa 1992, markii uu si toos ah telefishinka uga daawaday [[Marrakech Marathon]], inuu bilaabay inuu xiisaynayo [[Ciyaaraha fudud]]. Hibadiisa [[Orodyahannada masaafada dheer|orodka masaafada dheer]] ayaa si degdeg ah u muuqatay markii uu ku guuleystay tartamadii [[Ilaalada Boqortooyada Morocco]] iyo sidoo kale tartamo kale oo heer qaran ah.<ref name=Focus>{{cite news|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/athletes/newsid=26572.html |title=Focus on Athletes - Jaouad Gharib |date=11 August 2004 |publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]] |access-date=6 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917012012/http://www.iaaf.org/news/athletes/newsid%3D26572.html |archive-date=17 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gharib wuxuu sameeyay tartamadiisii ugu horreeyay ee caalami ah 2001, isagoo galay kaalinta sagaalaad ee [[2001 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships]] iyo kaalinta kow iyo tobnaad ee [[10,000 mitir]] ee [[2001 World Championships in Athletics]]. Wuxuu ku guuleystay [[billad dahab ah]] garoonka dhexdiisa ee [[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2001 Mediterranean Games|Ciyaarihii Mediterranean-ka 2001]].<ref name=IAAFBio/> Orodyahannadii hore [[Aziz Daouda]] iyo [[Brahim Boutayeb]] ayaa ku qanciyay Gharib inuu xoogga saaro dhacdooyinka waddada ee ka dheer, iyagoo dareemay kartidiisa masaafada fog.<ref name=Focus/> ​Wuxuu orday [[2002 IAAF World Cross Country Championships]] sannadkii xigay, kaalinta tobnaad ee orodka dheer wuxuu u horseeday kooxda billad [[billad naxaas ah|naxaas ah]] oo ay la galeen ragga Morocco, oo uu hoggaaminayay [[Abderrahim Goumri]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.iaaf.org/WXC02/results/data/M/XS/Cf.html |title=Official Team Results - Cross Long Race - Men |publisher=IAAF |date=24 March 2002 |access-date=6 December 2010 |archive-date=15 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315210006/http://www2.iaaf.org/WXC02/results/data/M/XS/Cf.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wuxuu helay [[billad qalin ah]] ee [[2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships]] isagoo dhigay natiijo shakhsi ah oo ahayd 1:00:42 si uu dhowr ilbiriqsi uun uga dambeeyo guuleystaha [[Paul Malakwen Kosgei]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/kosgei-snatches-gold-for-kenya-in-final-metre|title=Kosgei snatches gold for Kenya in final metres|publisher=IAAF|date=5 May 2002|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> Muuqashadii 10,000 m ee [[2002 African Championships in Athletics]] waxay u horseeday kaalinta siddeedaad.<ref name=IAAFBio/> ​ ===Horyaalka Adduunka ee Isku Xigta=== Wuxuu saaxadda caalamiga ah ee gudaha ku soo biiray orodka [[3000 mitir]] ee [[2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships]], isagoo galay kaalinta labo iyo tobnaad ee finalka.<ref name=IAAFBio/> Muuqasho kale oo [[2003 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] ayaa u keentay kooxda billad naxaas ah oo kale, in kasta oo uu galay kaliya kaalinta 23-aad markaas.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/history/WXC/season=2003/eventCode=2960/results/sex=M/discCode=XS/combCode=hash/roundCode=f/team.html#det Official Team Results Long Race - M]. IAAF (2003-03-30). Retrieved on 6 December 2010.</ref> Ka qaybgalkiisa tartankaas waxaa amray agaasimaha kooxda Morocco, wuxuuna uga qayb qaatay sidii diyaar-garow orodkiisii ugu horreeyay ee masaafada [[marathon]]-ka. Isagoo raacaya tababarka horyaalkii hore ee Olombikada Brahim Boutayeb, wuxuu ka qayb galay [[Rotterdam Marathon]] bishii xigtay, isagoo orday waqti ah 2:09:15 ee kaalinta lixaad.<ref>{{cite news|last=van Hemert|first=Wim|date=13 April 2003|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/kiplagat-and-jevtic-win-in-rotterdam|title=Kiplagat and Jevtic win in Rotterdam|publisher=IAAF|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> Ka dib guushii [[nus marathon]]-ka ee [[Johannesburg]], wuxuu galay tartanka marathon-ka ee [[2003 World Championships in Athletics]]. In kasta oo ay ahayd markiisii labaad oo kaliya ee uu ordo masaafadaas, wuxuu ka adkaaday [[Michael Kosgei Rotich]] iyo [[Julio Rey]] si uu hoggaanka u qabto marxaladihii u dambeeyay uuna ugu guuleysto [[billad dahab ah]] waqti rikoorka horyaalka ah oo ahayd 2:08:31.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/event-report-men-marathon|title=Event Report Men Marathon|publisher=IAAF|date=30 April 2003|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/putting-the-king-on-hold|title=Putting the King on hold|publisher=IAAF|date=30 August 2003|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> ​Wuxuu sii watay xoogga saarista [[orodka waddada]] 2004, isagoo ku bilaabay orod 59:56 daqiiqo ah [[Lisbon Half Marathon]] ee kaalinta afaraad. Ka dib waxaa timid [[London Marathon]], halkaas oo uu galay kaalinta saddexaad isagoo ka dambeeyay [[Evans Rutto]] iyo [[Sammy Korir]] uuna dhigay natiijo shakhsi ah oo ahayd 2:07:02 in kasta oo uu siibtay uuna madaxa ku dhuftay bartamihii orodka.<ref>{{cite news|last=Frank|first=Bob|date=18 April 2004|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/okayo-and-rutto-make-it-a-kenyan-double-in-th-1|title=Okayo and Rutto make it a Kenyan double in the London Marathon|publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]]|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> Wuxuu ku tartamay Olombikadiisii ugu horreysay ee [[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2004 Summer Olympics|Ciyaarihii Athens 2004]] laakiin wuu ku guuldareystay inuu la mid noqdo qaabkiisii hore ee caalamiga ahaa wuxuuna ku dhammeystay kaalinta kow iyo tobnaad ee marathon-ka ragga.<ref>[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/gh/jaouad-gharib-1.html Jaouad Gharib] {{Wayback|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/gh/jaouad-gharib-1.html |date=20120131065329 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131065329/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/gh/jaouad-gharib-1.html |date=2012-01-31 }}. Sports-Reference. Retrieved on 6 December 2010.</ref> Dhaawac gumaarka ah intii lagu jiray isu diyaarinta tartanka iyo Gharib wuxuu dareemay inuu si aad ah isu dhibay tababarka intii lagu jiray labadii todobaad ee ka horreysay orodka.<ref name=Assassin>{{cite news|last=Gillon|first=Doug|date=13 August 2005|access-date=24 April 2016|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/el-guerrouj-phones-to-say-well-done-to-the-as|title=El Guerrouj phones to say well done to the 'assassin' Gharib|publisher=IAAF}}</ref> ​[[File:2007 Chicago Marathon final 200M - men-2.JPG|thumb|left|Gharib iyo [[Patrick Ivuti]] oo ku jira orodkii ugu dambeeyay ee 2007 [[Chicago Marathon]]]] ​Wuxuu ku celiyay habkiisii xilli ciyaareedka 2005 isagoo ka bilaabay Lisbon Half Marathon wuxuuna galay kaalinta lixaad markan.<ref>{{cite news|author=Cristina Moreira and Paulo Costa|date=13 March 2005|url= http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/tergat-runs-5910-in-lisbon-half-marathon|title=Tergat runs 59:10 in Lisbon Half Marathon|publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]]|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> Wuxuu orday wax ka yar 2:08 London Marathon markii labaad wuxuuna hal kaalin horumaray sannadkii hore, isagoo ku dhammeystay kaalinta labaad ee ka dambeeyay [[Martin Lel]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Frank|first=Bob|date=17 April 2005 |url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/radcliffe-powers-to-third-london-win-in-21742|title=Radcliffe powers to third London win in 2:17:42|publisher=IAAF|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> Diiraddiisa sannadkaas waxay ahayd difaacashada horyaalkiisa ee [[2005 World Championships in Athletics]]. Wuxuu ku laabtay gurigiisa Morocco wuxuuna ku tababartay joogga sare ee gobolka [[Buuraha Atlas]]. Tallaabadan waxay noqotay mid miro dhal ah, in kasta oo uu habeen hurdo la'aan ah iyo xanuun dhanka caloosha ah dareemay intii uu tartanku socday, wuxuu ku guuleystay horyaalnimada adduunka ee marathon-ka isagoo kow iyo toban ilbiriqsi ka horreeyay kaalinta labaad [[Christopher Isengwe]].<ref name=Assassin/> Tani waxay ka dhigtay orodyahankii labaad ee abid difaacda horyaalnimada marathon-ka adduunka, ka dib orodyahankii reer Spain [[Abel Antón]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Jaouad Gharib |url=http://www.worldmarathonmajors.com/US/athletes/athlete/105/ |publisher=[[World Marathon Majors]] |access-date=6 December 2010 |archive-date=30 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930025718/http://worldmarathonmajors.com/US/athletes/athlete/105/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​Maadaama aysan jirin tartan weyn oo loo diyaar garoobo 2006, wuxuu xoogga saaray ka qaybgalka wareegyada caadiga ah. Wuxuu ku dhammeystay London Marathon waqti ah 2:08:45 – orodkiisii saddexaad ee ugu dhaqsiyaha badnaa shaqadiisa xilligaas – laakiin tani waxay ku filnaatay oo kaliya kaalinta siddeedaad orod aad u dheereeyay kaas oo uu kaga adkaaday saaxiibkiis [[Hicham Chatt]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Downes |first=Stephen |date=23 April 2006 |url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/Kind=2/newsId=34357.html |title=Limo wins 'brain game', Kastor fourth fastest ever - London Marathon |publisher=IAAF |access-date=6 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025091617/http://www.iaaf.org/news/Kind%3D2/newsId%3D34357.html |archive-date=25 October 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ka dib kaalinta afaraad ee [[Great North Run]], orodkiisii xigay ee marathon wuxuu ka dhacay [[Fukuoka Marathon]] ee Japan. Gharib wuxuu u dhowaaday natiijadiisii ugu wanaagsaneyd, isagoo xariiqda ku gooyay 2:07:19, wuxuuna galay kaalinta saddexaad ee masraxa ka dambeeyay [[Haile Gebrselassie]] iyo [[Dmytro Baranovskyy]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Nakamura|first=Ken|date=3 December 2006|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/gebrselassies-20652-victory-falls-just-shy-of|title=Gebrselassie's 2:06:52 victory falls just shy of course record in Fukuoka|publisher=IAAF|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> ​ ===Olombikada qalinka=== Wuxuu helay markiisii saddexaad ee ka hooseeya 2:08 London Marathon 2007, isagoo diiwaangeliyay 2:07:54 ee kaalinta afaraad. [[Chicago Marathon]] dambe ee sannadkaas wuxuu aad ugu dhowaaday guul laakiin [[natiijada sawirka]] ee u dhaxeysay Gharib iyo [[Patrick Ivuti]] ayaa keentay in orodyahanka reer Morocco looga dhawaaqo kaalinta labaad.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ferstle|first=Jim|date=7 October 2007|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/ivuti-and-adere-clinch-chicago-dramatic-chica|title=Ivuti and Adere clinch Chicago dramatic Chicago victories in oppressive heat|publisher=IAAF|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> Gharib wuxuu ku guuleystay [[billad qalin ah]] marathon-kii [[2008 Summer Olympics|Ciyaarihii Olombikada xagaaga 2008]] ee lagu qabtay Beijing, Shiinaha, taasoo u keentay billadiisii ugu horreysay ee Olombikada. Gharib wuxuu hagaajiyay natiijadiisii shakhsi ahayd ilaa 2:05:27 tartankii 2009 [[London Marathon]], isagoo galay kaalinta saddexaad.<ref>{{cite news|last=Brown |first=Matthew |date=26 April 2009 |url=http://www.iaaf.org/LRR09/news/newsid=50329.html |title=Wanjiru takes Lel's course record while Mikitenko wins again in London |publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]] |access-date=26 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627064919/http://www.iaaf.org/LRR09/news/newsid%3D50329.html |archive-date=27 June 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wuxuu sidoo kale galay kaalinta saddexaad tartankii 2009 [[NYC Marathon]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,570926,00.html?test=latestnews |title=First American Man Since 1982 Wins New York City Marathon - Local News | News Articles | National News |website=[[Fox News]] |access-date=2009-11-01 |archive-date=2009-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091104012520/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,570926,00.html?test=latestnews |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​Isagoo ordayay [[2010 London Marathon]], wuxuu u adkeystay dhibaatooyin dhanka caloosha ah laakiin weli wuxuu gaaray masraxa, isagoo ku soo laabtay kaalinta saddexaad markale waqti ah 2:06:55.<ref>{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Matthew|date=25 April 2010|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/commanding-victories-for-kebede-and-shobukhov|title=Commanding victories for Kebede and Shobukhova - London Marathon report|publisher=IAAF|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> Wuxuu galay kaalinta saddexaad Great North Run nus marathon bishii Sebtembar.<ref>{{cite news|last=Butcher |first=Michael |date=19 September 2010 |url=http://www.iaaf.org/LRR10/news/newsid=58354.html |title=Gebrselassie and Adere take Great North Run titles] |publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100921191530/http://www.iaaf.org/LRR10/news/newsid%3D58354.html |archive-date=21 September 2010 |access-date=19 September 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wuxuu guulaystay Fukuoka Marathon bishii Diseembar, isagoo kaligiis ordayay waddo kuleyl ah si uu ugu guuleysto waqti ah 2:08:24.<ref>{{cite news|last= Nakamura|first=Ken|date=5 December 2010|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/beating-the-sun-and-heat-gharib-takes-fukuoka|title=Beating the sun and heat, Gharib takes Fukuoka victory|publisher=IAAF|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> [[2011 London Marathon]] wuxuu ahaa orod aad u dheereeya natiijadiisii ahayd 2:08:26 waxay kaga tagtay kaalinta lixaad isagoo ku dhowaad afar daqiiqo ka dambeeyay guuleystaha [[Emmanuel Mutai]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Matthew |date=17 April 2011|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/mutai-and-keitany-dominate-and-dazzle-in-lond|title=Mutai and Keitany dominate and dazzle in London|publisher=IAAF|access-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> ​ ==Guulaha== ===Natiijooyinka ugu wanaagsan=== ''La cusboonaysiiyay 26 Abriil 2009'' {| class="wikitable" |- ! Tartanka ! Waqtiga ! Taariikhda ! Goobta |- |[[5000 mitir]]|| 13:19.69 || 13 Luuliyo 2001 || [[Oslo]] |- |[[10,000 mitir]]|| 27:29.51 || 18 Juun 2001 || [[Prague]] |- |[[Nus Marathon]]|| 59:59 || 22 Maarso 2009 || [[Lisbon]] |- |[[Marathon]]|| 2:05:27 || 26 Abriil 2009 || [[London]] |} <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka waxaa laga soo qaatay IAAF profile.</small><ref name=IAAFBio>[http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/biographies/country=0/athcode=183557/index.html Gharib Jaouad biography]. [[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]]. Retrieved on 2009-04-26.</ref> ​ ===Rikoorka Tartanka=== {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- |rowspan=3|2001 |[[2001 World Championships in Athletics|Horyaalka Adduunka]] |[[Edmonton]], Canada |11aad |10,000 m |28:05.45 |- |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2001 Mediterranean Games|Ciyaaraha Mediterranean-ka]] |[[Radès]], Tunisia |bgcolor=gold|1aad |10,000 m |28:58.97 |- |[[2001 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Nus Marathon]] |[[Bristol]], England |9aad |Nus marathon |1:01:41 |- |rowspan=4|2002 |rowspan=2|[[2002 IAAF World Cross Country Championships|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Orodka Dhulka]] |rowspan=2|[[Dublin]], Ireland |10aad |Orodka dheer |35:57 |- |bgcolor=cc9966|3aad |Orodka kooxda |9aad |- |[[2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships|Horyaalka Adduunka ee Nus Marathon]] |[[Brussels]], Belgium |bgcolor=silver|2aad |Nus marathon |1:00:42 |- |[[2002 African Championships in Athletics|Horyaalka Afrika]] |[[Radès]], Tunisia |8aad |10,000 m |28:57.12 |- |rowspan=2|2003 |[[Rotterdam Marathon]] |[[Rotterdam, Netherlands]] |6aad |Marathon |2:09:14 |- |[[2003 World Championships in Athletics|Horyaalka Adduunka 2003]] |[[Paris, France]] |bgcolor=gold|1aad |Marathon |2:08:31 |- |rowspan=2|2004 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3aad |Marathon |2:07:02 |- |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2004 Summer Olympics|Ciyaaraha Olombikada]] |[[Athens, Greece]] |11aad |Marathon |2:15:12 |- |rowspan=2|2005 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |bgcolor=silver|2aad |Marathon |2:07:49 |- |[[2005 World Championships in Athletics|Horyaalka Adduunka 2005]] |[[Helsinki, Finland]] |bgcolor=gold|1aad |Marathon |2:10:10 |- |rowspan=2|2006 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |8aad |Marathon |2:08:45 |- |[[Fukuoka Marathon]] |[[Fukuoka, Japan]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3aad |Marathon |2:07:49 |- |rowspan=2|2007 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |4aad |Marathon |2:07:54 |- |[[Chicago Marathon]] |[[Chicago, United States]] |bgcolor=silver|2aad |Marathon |2:11:11 |- |2008 |[[Ciyaaraha fudud ee 2008 Summer Olympics|Ciyaaraha Olombikada]] |[[Beijing, Shiinaha]] |bgcolor=silver|2aad |Marathon |2:07:16 |- |rowspan=2|2009 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3aad |Marathon |'''2:05:27''' |- |[[New York City Marathon]] |[[New York City, United States]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3aad |Marathon |2:10:25 |- |rowspan=2|2010 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3aad |Marathon |2:06:55 |- |[[Fukuoka Marathon]] |[[Fukuoka, Japan]] |bgcolor=gold|1aad |Marathon |2:08:24 |- |rowspan=2|2011 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |6aad |Marathon |2:08:26 |- |[[New York City Marathon]] |[[New York City, United States]] |5aad |Marathon |2:08:26 |- |2012 |[[London Marathon]] |[[London, United Kingdom]] |4aad |Marathon |2:07:44 |- |2013 |[[Orlen Warsaw Marathon]] |[[Warsaw, Poland]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3aad |Marathon |2:10:11 |} ​*[[2003 World Championships in Athletics]] - billad dahab ah *[[2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships]] - kaalinta 12aad (3000 m) *[[2004 Olympic Games|Ciyaarihii Olombikada 2004]] - kaalinta 11aad *[[2005 World Championships in Athletics]] - billad dahab ah *[[2008 Olympic Games|Ciyaarihii Olombikada 2008]] - billad qalin ah (marathon) ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== {{Commons category}} [http://marathoninfo.free.fr/athletes/gharib.htm Profile] at Marathon Info ​{{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Gharib, Jaouad}} 36oln6f9hspxq6bnt0inxsvp2ke9r39 0 46704 309211 294662 2026-09-23T05:45:39Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309211 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Retrato de Juan Soriano por Mizael C.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Juan Soriano]] ​'''Juan Soriano''' (oo dhashay '''Juan Francisco Rodríguez Montoya'''; Ogosto 18, 1920 – Febraayo 10, 2006) wuxuu ahaa farshaxaniiste Meksikaan ah oo ku caan baxay rinjiyeynta, farshaxanka taallada iyo shaqada masraxa. Wuxuu ahaa ilmo hibo gaar ah leh (child prodigy) oo xirfadiisu ay goor erta bilaabatay, sidoo kale caannimadiisu waxay timid isagoo yar iyadoo qorayaal badani ay buugaag ka qoreen. Wuxuu bandhigyo ku qabtay Maraykanka iyo Yurub, iyo sidoo kale goobaha waaweyn ee Meksiko sida [[Museo de Arte Moderno]] iyo [[Palacio de Bellas Artes]]. Taallooyinkiisa waaweyn waxaa laga heli karaa qaybo kala duwan oo Meksiko ah iyo Yurubba. Aqoonsiyada uu shaqadiisa ku helay waxaa ka mid ah [[National Prize for Arts and Sciences (Mexico)|Aaladda Farshaxanka Qaranka ee Meksiko]], [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Chevalier des Arts et Lettres]] iyo xubinimada [[Legion of Honour]] ee Faransiiska. ​ ==Noloshiisa== ​ Soriano wuxuu ku dhashay Juan Francisco Rodríguez Montoya magaalada [[Guadalajara]], isagoo ay iska dhalayn Rafael Rodríguez Soriano iyo Amalia Montoya Navarro.<ref name="registro">{{cite book |title= Tesoros del Registro Civil Salón de la Plástica Mexicana |year=2012 |publisher= Government of Mexico City and CONACULTA |location=Mexico |pages=208–209 |language=es |trans-title=Treasures of the Civil Registry Salón de la Plástica Mexicana}}</ref> Tan iyo carruurnimadiisii, wuxuu bilaabay inuu isku magacaabo Juan Soriano, isagoo doorbiday magaca hooyo ee aabbihiis.<ref name=evoca>{{cite news |title=Conaculta evoca a Juan Soriano a 93 años de su nacimiento |publisher=El Informador |location=Guadalajara |date=August 18, 2013 |language=es |url=http://www.informador.com.mx/cultura/2013/479494/6/conaculta-evoca-a-juan-soriano-a-93-anos-de-su-nacimiento.htm |access-date=October 25, 2013}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Wuxuu ku sifeeyay qoyskiisii hore kuwo "laga yaabo (eccentric)."<ref name=rastros>{{cite web |author= Teresa del Conde |title= Rastros y efectos Juan Soriano. Una semblanza |work= Revista Electrónica Imágenes |publisher=Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas-UNAM |location=Mexico City |language=es |url= http://www.esteticas.unam.mx/revista_imagenes/rastros/ras_soriano10.html |access-date=October 25, 2013}}</ref> ​Soriano wuxuu ahaa [[ilmo hibo leh]], sanadkii 1933-kiina, walaashii waxay bartay rinjiyeeyaha Alfonso Michel Martínez, kaas oo baray hababka hadda jira ee [[Expressionist]] iyo [[neo Baroque]]. Ka dib wuxuu wax ka bartay Francisco Rodríguez “Caracalla” oo ku yaal Evolución Studio ee Guadalajara, halkaas oo sidoo kale lagu tababaray [[Raúl Anguiano]] iyo [[Jesús Guerrero Galván]].<ref name="registro"/><ref name=bancomer>{{cite book |author=Guillermo Tovar de Teresa |title= Repertory of Artists in Mexico: Plastic and Decorative Arts |volume=III |year=1996 |publisher= Grupo Financiero Bancomer |location=Mexico City |isbn=968-6258-56-6 |page=300}}</ref> ​[[File:ToroSculptureColima2.jpg|thumb|El Toro|left]] Xilligaas, Soriano wuxuu kaloo ahaa booqde joogto ah oo taga guriga iyo ganacsiga [[Jesús Reyes Ferreira]]. Reyes wuxuu siiyay shaqo uu ku sameeyo warqadaha lagu duubo waxyaabaha ee la qurxiyey laakiin Soriano wuxuu u arkay shaqadaas mid adag.<ref name=permanente>{{cite press release |title= Juan Soriano, niño permanente, sin años, malicioso, desamparado: Octavio Paz |publisher= CONACULTA |location= Mexico |date= August 17, 2013 |language= es |url= http://www.conaculta.gob.mx/detalle-nota/?id=28620#.UmlaglOUTHw |access-date= October 25, 2013 |archive-date= Bisha Tobnaad 29, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193425/http://www.conaculta.gob.mx/detalle-nota/?id=28620#.UmlaglOUTHw |url-status= dead }}</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqtigii uu halkaas joogay wuxuu u oggolaaday inuu la kulmo abuurayaal ay ka mid yihiin [[Luis Barragán]] iyo [[Roberto Montenegro]], inuu ku arko farshaxanka Yurub buugaagta iyo joornaalada oo uu ogaado sawirada José María Estrada, oo uu Reyes ururin jiray. Soriano wuxuu kaloo aaday madxafkiisii ugu horreeyay wuxuuna bilaabay inuu akhriyo buugaagta caadiga ah ee uu habeeyay [[José Vasconcelos]].<ref name=evoca/><ref name=official>{{cite web |title= Biografía |publisher= Fundacion Juan Soriano y Marek Keller |location=Mexico City |language=es |url= http://www.juansoriano.net/biografia/bio.html |access-date=October 25, 2013}}</ref> ​Bandhigii ugu horreeyay ee shaqada Soriano wuxuu u oggolaaday inuu la kulmo farshaxaniistayaal ay ka mid yihiin [[José Chávez Morado]], [[Lola Álvarez Bravo]] iyo [[María Izquierdo (artist)|María Izquierdo]], kuwaas oo ku dhiirrigeliyey inuu u guuro [[Magaalada Meksiko]], taas oo uu sameeyay 1935 isagoo jira shan iyo toban sano, isaga iyo walaashii Martha.<ref name="registro"/><ref name=permanente/> Halkan wuxuu ka sii watay saaxiibtinimada uu la lahaa farshaxaniistayaasha, qorayaasha iyo aqoonyahannada, taas oo Soriano uu sheegay inay ahayd mid ka mid ah khasnadaha ugu waaweyn ee noloshiisa.<ref name=rastros/> Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ahaa [[Xavier Villaurrutia]], [[Carlos Pellicer]], [[Octavio Paz]] (kaas oo dhowr maqaal ka qoray), Lola iyo [[Manuel Álvarez Bravo]], [[Rafael Solana]] (kaas oo uu u raacay [[UC Berkeley]] sanadkii 1938), [[Isabel Villaseñor]], [[Frida Kahlo]], [[Lupe Marín]] iyo [[Salvador Novo]].<ref name=bancomer/><ref name=official/> Wuxuu qayb ka ahaa goob bulsho oo joogto ah oo uu la lahaa [[Octavio G. Barreda]] isagoo qayb ka ahaa jacaylka uu u qabo gabayada iyo qoraalka, isagoo ku lug yeeshay joornaalada sida ''El hijo prodigo'' iyo ''La Revista de la Universidad de México''.<ref name=evoca/><ref name=official/> ​Soriano wuxuu booqday Rome markii ugu horreysay sanadkii 1952, sanadkii 1954-kiina wuxuu booqday [[Crete]], halkaas oo uu ku rinjiyeeyay ''Apolo y las musas.'' Wuxuu mar kale ku laabtay Rome si uu u deggenaado intii u dhaxaysay 1969 ilaa 1975, taas oo u oggolaatay inuu barto farshaxanka qadiimiga ah.<ref name=bancomer/><ref name=official/> ​Sanadkii 1963, Soriano wuxuu galay shil baabuur, kaas oo uu ku diiwaangeliyey rinjiyeyn la yiraahdo ''El accidente''.<ref name=official/> ​Sanadkii 1974, Soriano wuxuu la kulmay cayaaryahanka qoob-ka-ciyaarka ee u dhashay Poland Marek Keller markii uu booqasho ku joogay Paris, waxaana baray qoraaga [[Sergio Pitol]]. Tani waxay ahayd bilowgii xiriir socday in ka badan soddon sano. Soriano wuxuu u shaqaynayay si aan kala go' lahayn wuxuuna daryeelayay oo kaliya shaqadiisa, isagoo arrimihiisa kale kaga tagay fowdo. Keller ayaa soo dhexgalay si uu u maareeyo inta badan kuwaas wuxuuna nidaam geliyey nolosha farshaxaniistaha. Labadoodu waxay wada joogeen, iyagoo degganaa labadaba Magaalada Meksiko iyo Paris ilaa dhimashadii Soriano.<ref name=rastros/> Tan iyo xilligaas, Keller wuxuu ka shaqaynayay kor u qaadista dhaxalka farshaxaniistaha ee qaybaha kala duwan ee adduunka.<ref name=jardin>{{cite news |title= Un jardín escultórico para Soriano en Varsovia |publisher= El Informador |location= Guadalajara |date= January 6, 2009 |language= es |url= http://www.informador.com.mx/entretenimiento/2009/68239/6/un-jardin-escultorico-para-soriano-en-varsovia.htm |access-date= October 25, 2013}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ​Soriano wuxuu dhintay sanadkii 2006 isagoo jira 85 sano isagoo ku sugnaa ''Instituto Nacional de Nutrición Salvador Zubirán'' oo ku yaal Magaalada Meksiko sababo kala duwan awgood.<ref name="registro"/> ​ ==Xirfadda== [[File:La_Paloma_de_Soriano.jpg|250px|thumb|Taallada farshaxaniistaha Jalisco Juan Soriano]] Soriano wuxuu bilaabay xirfaddiisa isagoo aad u yar, caannimadiisuna waxay timid goor hore sidoo kale.<ref name=rastros/> Shaqadii Soriano waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu soo bandhigay Madxafka Guadalajara, taas oo keentay inuu u guuro Magaalada Meksiko sanadkii 1935. Intii u dhaxaysay 1936 ilaa 1937 wuxuu wax ka bartay Escuela Noctura de Arte para Obreros isagoo gacanta ugu jiray Emilio Caero iyo [[Santos Balmori]]. Balmori wuxuu ka caawiyay in loo aqbalo [[Liga de Escritores y Artistas Revolucionarios]] (LEAR) bandhig yar oo dhammaadkii koorsadan ah oo lagu qabtay Palacio de Bellas Artes ayaa soo jiitay dareenka Inés Amor. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kuma uusan nagaan LEAR muddo dheer, wuxuuna ka tagay 1938 sababtoo ah ma uusan jeclayn siyaasadeeda.<ref name="registro"/><ref name=official/> ​Bandhigii ugu horreeyay ee shakhsi ah ee Soriano wuxuu ahaa 1936-kii oo ka dhacay [[Galería de Arte Mexicano]] oo ku taal Magaalada Meksiko.<ref name=bancomer/> Tan waxaa ku xigay mid kale oo ka dhacay Galería de Arte ee [[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]] .<ref name=official/> Intii ka dhiman 1940-yadii, wuxuu bandhigyo ku qabtay goobo kala duwan oo ku yaal New York iyo Philadelphia iyo Galería de Arte Mexicano. 1950-yadii wuxuu bandhig ku qabtay Schneider Gallery ee Rome, oo ahaa kii ugu horreeyay ee bandhigyo shakhsi ah oo badan oo Yurub ah, oo ay weheliyaan bandhigyo ka dhacay goobaha Meksiko sida Antonio Souza Gallery, Rutherford Gallery ee San Francisco iyo bandhiggii ugu horreeyay ee dib u milicsiga iyo maamuuska ahaa ee ka dhacay [[Museo de Arte Moderno]] iyo [[Palacio de Bellas Artes]] sanadkii 1959.<ref name=official/> 1960-yadii wuxuu bandhig muhiim ah ku qabtay Palacio de Bellas Artes (1966) iyo sidoo kale bandhig taxane ah oo sawiro ah oo uu u sameeyay Lupe Marín oo kaliya ah tusaale (model) ahaan oo ka dhacay Misrachi Gallery. 1970-yadii, wuxuu deeq ka helay Fundación Cultural [[Televisa]] si uu u abuuro soddon shaqo oo waaweyn iyo soddon yar yar kuwaas oo ka dib lagu soo bandhigay Museo de Arte Moderno.<ref name=rastros/><ref name=official/> Sanadkii 1993, wuxuu bandhig taallo ah ku qabtay ''Colegio de Jalisco'' iyo ''Instituto Cultural de México'' oo ku yaal [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]]. Bandhigyadiisii ugu dambeeyay ee waaweyn ka hor dhimashadiisa waxaa ka mid ahaa ''Centro Cultural Español de Cooperación Iberoamericana'' ee Miami (2001), ''Real Casa de Correos'' ee Madrid (2002), [[Meadows Museum]] iyo [[Southern Methodist University]] (2002), ''Instituto Italo-Latino Americano'' ee Rome (2003) iyo bandhigyo badan oo ka dhacay ''Instituto Mora'' ee Magaalada Meksiko (2005).<ref name=official/> ​[[Image:Paloma de Marco.jpg|thumb|250px|''La Paloma'' (Qoolleyda) oo ku taal Monterrey|left]] Intii uu xirfaddiisa ku jiray, Soriano wuxuu abuuray dhowr taallo oo waaweyn kuwaas oo laga heli karo Meksiko iyo Yurub. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah ''El Toro'' oo ku taal Tomás Garrido Canabal Park ee [[Villahermosa]] (1987), ''La Paloma'' oo ku taal Madxafka MARCO ee [[Monterrey]] (1989), ''La Ola'' oo loogu talagalay World Trade Center ee [[Guadalajara]] (1989), ''El Caracol'' oo loogu talagalay [[Amparo Museum]] ee [[Puebla, Puebla|Puebla]] (1989), ''La Luna'' oo loogu talagalay [[National Auditorium]] ee Magaalada Meksiko (1993), ''La Sirena'' oo loogu talagalay Plaza Loreto ee Magaalada Meksiko (1994),<ref name=bancomer/> Dafne oo loogu talagalay Arcos-Bosques Building (1995), ''Mano'' oo loogu talagalay xarunta Herdez Group (1995), laba taallo oo loogu talagalay [[Expo 2000|Expo Hannover 2000]] ee Jarmalka, lix taallo oo waaweyn oo loogu talagalay qaybo kala duwan oo Meksiko ah sanadkii 2003 iyo dhowr ka mid ah shaqooyinkiisa oo laga heli karo beer ku taal [[Warsaw]].<ref name=official/><ref name=jardin/> ​Soriano wuxuu qayb badan oo xirfaddiisa ka mid ah u hibeeyay intii u dhaxaysay 1930-yadii ilaa 1960-yadii masraxa, isagoo bilaabay carruurnimadiisii isagoo ku shaqaynayay caruusadaha xarigga lagu dhaqaajiyo (puppetry).<ref name=rastros/> Inta badan shaqadan waxay ahayd koox uu la abuuray Jaime García Terrés, [[Leonora Carrington]] iyo kuwo kale oo la yiraahdo Poesís en Voz Alta, taas oo uu [[Carlos Monsiváis]] ku tilmaamay "dhaqdhaqaaq xoreyn ah oo masraxa" ee Meksiko.<ref name=rastros/><ref name=bancomer/> Inta badan shaqadan waxay ahayd naqshadaynta goobta iyo dharka, sida ''Teatro del Sindicato de Electricistas'', ''[[Teatro Orientación]]'' (isaga iyo Celestino Gorostiza), ''El Caballito'' Theater iyo ''Teatro Sullivan''.<ref name=rastros/><ref name=official/> 1940-yadii wuxuu qoray oo soo saaray baale (ballet) isaga iyo Diego de Mesa oo la yiraahdo ''El pájaro y las doncellas'', oo ku salaysan rinjiyeyn uu leeyahay [[Carlos Mérida]], isagoo muusigana u xushay [[Carlos Jiménez Mabarak]].<ref name=official/> ​Soriano wuxuu bilaabay dhigista farshaxanka waxyar ka dib markii uu yimid Magaalada Meksiko, isagoo ka bilaabay ''Escuela Primaria de Arte'' ee hoos timaada [[Secretaría de Educación Pública]]. Intii u dhaxaysay 1939 ilaa 1941 wuxuu xiisado ka siin jiray sawirista dadka qaawan [[Escuela Nacional de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado "La Esmeralda"]], isagoo baray ardayda ay ka mid yihiin [[Tomás Parra]]. Intii u dhaxaysay 1961 ilaa 1962 wuxuu dhoobada ka dhigay Escuela De Diseño y Artesanias ee [[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes]].<ref name=rastros/><ref name=official/> ​[[File:La Paloma, escultura de Juan Soriano.jpg|thumb|250px|La Paloma (Qoolleyda), taallo ku taal Colima, Meksiko]] Xiriirka saaxiibtinimo ee Soriano la lahaa gabayada iyo qorayaal badan ayaa horseeday wada shaqayn uu sawirro ugu sameeyay dhowr mashruuc. Sanadkii 1953 wuxuu sawirro u sameeyay buugga ''Homenaje a Sor Juana'' oo uu habeeyay [[Juan José Arreola]] oo ku jiray ururinta “Los Presentes.” 1967 wuxuu sawirro u sameeyay ''El Bestiario'' oo uu qoray [[Guillaume Apollinaire]]. 1979-kii wuxuu sawiray jildiga buugga Octavio Paz ee ''Xavier Villarrutia en persona y en obra''. 1980-kii wuxuu abuuray ururin ka kooban soddon iyo laba sawir oo uu weheliyo qoraal uu leeyahay Sergio Piton oo la yiraahdo El único argumento. 1989-kii wuxuu bilaabay sawirista buugga ''Antológico Animalía'' oo uu qoray [[Alfonso Reyes]]. 2003 wuxuu sawirro u sameeyay ''La Fuerza del Destino'' oo ay qortay [[Julieta Campos]] iyo ''El Aguila o Sol'' oo uu qoray Octavio Paz.<ref name=official/><ref name=alas>{{cite web |author= Juan Carlos Talavera |title= Expondrán obra gráfica de Juan Soriano |publisher= Crónica |location= Magaalada Meksiko |year= 2012 |language= es |url= http://www.cronica.com.mx/notas/2012/615801.html |access-date= October 25, 2013 |archive-date= February 16, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130216215406/http://www.cronica.com.mx/notas/2012/615801.html |url-status= dead }}</ref> ​Soriano wuxuu helay abaalmarino badan iyo aqoonsiyo kale oo ku saabsan farshaxankiisa iyo xirfaddiisa intii uu noolaa iyo dhimashadiisa ka dibba. Sanadkii 1950 wuxuu helay abaalmarinta koowaad ee ''Salón de Winter'', sanadkii 1957-kiina wuxuu helay abaalmarinta ''[[José Clemente Orozco]] Award'' oo ay bixisay dawladda [[Jalisco]]. 1963-kii [[Casa del Lago Juan José Arreola]] oo ku taal Magaalada Meksiko ayaa u qabatay maamuus iyo dib u milicsi ku saabsan shaqadiisa masraxa. 1976-kii, wuxuu abaalmarin ka helay VII International Painting Festival ee [[Cagnes-sur-Mer]], Faransiiska. 1984-kii wuxuu helay Biladda Dahabka ee [[Hospicio Cabañas|Instituto Cultural Cabañas]] .<ref name=official/> 1985-kii, sannad-guuradiisii 50-aad ee wax-soo-saarka farshaxanka, ''Instituto Cultural Cabañas'' iyo Palacio de Bellas Artes ayaa u qabtay bandhigyo dib u milicsi ah.<ref name=rastros/> 1987-kii wuxuu helay ''Premio Nacional de Art''e, Faransiiska ayaa u magacaabay xubin ka mid ah ''Chevalier des Arts et Lettres'' wuxuuna helay Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka ee Jalisco.<ref name=bancomer/> 1990-kii maamuus ayaa loogu qabtay [[National Museum of Mexican Art]], intii u dhaxaysay 1995-1996 dib u milicsi ku saabsan shaqadiisa garaafiska ayaa lagu soo wareejiyey Maraykanka. 1997-kii [[Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia]] oo ku taal Madrid ayaa qabatay bandhig dib u milicsi ah. 1998-kii [[Elena Poniatowska]] waxay daabacday “Juan Soriano, niño de mil años.” 1999-kii [[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana]] ayaa qabatay bandhig dib u milicsi ah, sanadkii 2000-kiina, ururinta taallooyinkiisa waaweyn ayaa la soo dhigay [[Zócalo]]-ga Magaalada Meksiko dhalashadiisii 80-aad awgeed. 2001-dii, [[Arturo Ripstein]] wuxuu duubay taariikh nololeedka Soriano oo la yiraahdo “Fecit-Dixit.” 2004-tii, waxaa laga dhigay sarkaal ka tirsan [[Legion of Honour]] ee Faransiiska, sanadkii 2005-tiina wuxuu helay ''Premio de Excelencia Universal'', ''Premio Velázquez de Artes Plásticas'' oo ay bixisay dawladda Isbaanishka, bilad dahab ah oo ka timid Palacio de Bellas Artes iyo dhakhtarnimo sharafeed oo ka timid [[Universidad de Colima]]. Abaalmarintiisii ugu dambeysay isagoo nool waxay ahayd Order of Merit oo ay bixisay dawladda Poland.<ref name=official/> Tan iyo markaas, shaqadiisa waxaa lagu xusuustay munaasabado ay ka mid yihiin bandhig dib u milicsi ah oo ka dhacay Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana sanadkii 2012 iyo maamuus ay kafaalo qaaday [[CONACULTA]] sanadkii 2013.<ref name=permanente/><ref name=alas/> ​Sanadkii 2004, waxyar ka hor dhimashadiisa, wuxuu la aasaasay saaxiibkiis Fundación Juan Soriano iyo Marek Keller. Hay'ado kale ayaa loogu magac daray farshaxaniistaha sida ''Galería Juan Soriano of Centro Nacional de las Artes'' sanadkii 2012-kiina, waxaa la aasaasay Abaalmarinta Farshaxanka Taallada ee Juan Soriano.<ref name=galjs>{{cite web |title= Galería Juan Soriano |publisher= CENART |location= Magaalada Meksiko |language= es |url= http://www.cenart.gob.mx/ubicaciones/galeria-juan-soriano/ |access-date= October 25, 2013 |archive-date= October 25, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131025165155/http://www.cenart.gob.mx/ubicaciones/galeria-juan-soriano/ |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref name=entregan>{{cite news |title= Entregan I Premio de Escultura Juan Soriano |publisher= El Informador |location= Guadalajara |date= July 30, 2012 |language= es |url= http://www.informador.com.mx/cultura/2012/393712/6/entregan-i-premio-de-escultura-juan-soriano.htm |access-date= October 25, 2013 |archive-date= Bisha Tobnaad 29, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192415/http://www.informador.com.mx/cultura/2012/393712/6/entregan-i-premio-de-escultura-juan-soriano.htm |url-status= dead}}</ref> ​ ==Farshaxannimadiisa== [[File:Pájaro XIII Juan Soriano.jpg|thumb|right|Taallada Shimbirta XIII ee Juan Soriano, [[UNAM]] University Cultural Center, Magaalada Meksiko.]] [[File:Ext. Museo Memoria y Tolerancia - 7.jpg|thumb|Taallo ku taal bannaanka [[Memory and Tolerance Museum]], Magaalada Meksiko]] Shaqada Soriano oo loo qoondeeyay inay qayb ka tahay mowjadda labaad ee dhaqdhaqaaqa [[Mexican muralism]], waxaa ka mid ah rinjiyeynta, taallada, dhoobada, shaqooyinka garaafiska, sawirrada, gogosha derbiga (tapestries) iyo naqshadaynta goobta iyo dharka ee shaqooyinka ay ka mid yihiin kuwa [[Eugène Ionesco]], [[Pedro Calderón de la Barca]], [[Francisco de Quevedo]], [[Juan Ibáñez]] iyo kuwa kale. Shaqadiisa waxaa si weyn u qiimeeyay qorayaal kala duwan oo ay ka mid yihiin Octavio Paz, Carlos Pellicer iyo Elena Ponatowska, iyadoo naqdiye farshaxan [[Luis Cardoza y Aragón]] laga soo xigtay inuu yiri wuxuu ahaa "gabayyahan, rinjiye qoto dheer oo sawirrada masaallada ah."<ref name="registro"/><ref name=bancomer/> Soriano ma uusan aaminsanayn in farshaxanku uu noqdo mid siyaasadeed ama mid culus, Jesús Reyes Ferreira-na wuxuu ahaa qofkii ugu horreeyay ee saameynta ku yeeshay shaqadiisa.<ref name=permanente/> Habkiisa rinjiyeynta wuxuu isbeddelay ku dhowaad si lama filaan ah bartamihii 1950-yadii, taas oo lagu garto shaqooyinka sida ''La Carrera de bicicletas'', ''Apolo y las muas'' iyo ''Peces luminosos'', oo ay weheliso sawirka [[María Zambrano]], taas oo muujinaysa saameyn suurtagal ah oo ka timid rinjiyeeyaha [[Roberto Matta]].<ref name=rastros/> 1960-yadii, wuxuu tijaabiyay rinjiyeynta aan tooska ahayn (abstract painting).<ref name=bancomer/> Wuxuu ahaa sawir-qaade caan ku ah sawirista dadka (portrait painter) oo leh hab ay [[Teresa del Conde]] ugu yeertay "had iyo jeer mid la fahmi karo isla markaana si la yaab leh dhibaato u leh."<ref name=bancomer/> Inta badan shaqadiisii aadka u horeysay waxay ahaayeen sawirro dadka ah oo uu doortay ama loo xil saaray waxayna la mid ahaayeen kuwa [[Julio Castellanos]] iyo [[Federico Cantú]].<ref name=rastros/> Hal taxane oo xusid mudan oo sawirro ah waxay ahaayeen kuwa tusaalaha (model) iyo qoraaga Lupe Marín ee 1960-yadii.<ref name=bancomer/> Soriano wuxuu sheegay inuusan aaminsanayn in rinjiyeynta ay tahay mid si sax ah u tarjumaysa waqtiga ama farshaxaniistaha, balse ay tahay "nooc ka mid ah dareenka (intuition) ee ka baxsan nolosha miyirka ah."<ref name=bancomer/> ​Intii u dhaxaysay 1951 ilaa 1953, Soriano wuxuu ku sugnaa Rome, halkaas oo uu kaga shaqaynayay dhoobada isaga iyo dad u dhashay Chile Piero iyo Andrea Cacella, 1960-yadiina wuxuu bilaabay inuu abuuro shaqooyin naxaas (bronze) ah sidoo kale.<ref name=official/> ​Shaqada garaafiska ee Soriano aad looma yaqaan, laakiin wuxuu bilaabay abuuristooda 1944 wuxuuna sii watay ilaa 2001. Sanadkii 1975, wuxuu helay xil ah inuu shaqo garaafis ah ka qabto aqoon-is-weydaarsiga ''Bramsen et Colt'' ee Paris, taas oo keentay inuu waqtigiisa u kala qaybiyo Paris iyo Magaalada Meksiko. Hal taxane oo xusid mudan waa tarjumaadda shaqooyinka [[Juan Rulfo]].<ref name=bancomer/><ref name=alas/> ​Sanadkii 2003, Soriano wuxuu ka shaqeeyay naqshadaynta gogosha derbiga (tapestry) oo xambaarsan mawduuca dhimashada ee loogu talagalay aqoon-is-weydaarsiga ''Gobelinos'' ee Guadalajara.<ref name=official/> ​==Madxafka Juan Soriano== [https://mmacjuansoriano.org/en/museo/ Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo] {{Wayback|url=https://mmacjuansoriano.org/en/museo/ |date=20200814130730 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814130730/https://mmacjuansoriano.org/en/museo/ |date=2020-08-14 }} (MMAC) Juan Soriano wuxuu furmay Juun 8, 2018, magaalada [[Cuernavaca]], [[Morelos]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/cultura/museo-juan-soriano-el-nuevo-recinto-de-arte-en-cuernavaca |title=El Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo Juan Soriano arrancará actividades el 8 de junio |website=[suspicious link removed].mx |date= 6 June 2018|access-date=Dec 23, 2018}}</ref> MMAC waa mashruuc ay fulisay ''JSa Arquitectura'' oo uu hoggaaminayo naqshadeeyaha Javier Sánchez Corral. Goobta uu ku yaal waxay isku xirtaa ''Amatitlán'', oo ah magaalo caan ku ah Cuernavaca oo asalkeedu dib u noqonayo 1500 sano, iyo Xarunta Taariikhiga ah ee Cuernavaca, taas oo hodminaysa khibradda magaalada. Waa goobta ugu weyn ee bandhigyada ee gobolka Morelos, waxaana loo qaybiyay laba galari oo loogu talagalay bandhigyada kumeelgaarka ah: Galari Dhexe iyo Cube, marka lagu daro Forum Furan, oo ah goob dhinacyo badan leh. Madxafku wuxuu ka kooban yahay maktabad, beer taallooyin leh, iyo aqoon-is-weydaarsiyo loogu talagalay barnaamijyada bulshada. ​Madxafku wuxuu ku fadhiyaa {{convert|4,455|m2}} waxaana lagu dhisay kharash dhan MXN $300 milyan ({{USD|{{Format price|{{To USD|300000000|MEX}} }} }}).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.milenio.com/cultura/abre-museo-arte-juan-soriano-cuernavaca |title=Se abre al público el Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo (MMAC) "Juan Soriano" en Cuernavaca |website=www.milenio.com |date=6 July 2018 |access-date=Dec 23, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.arquine.com/museo-morelense-de-arte-contemporaneo-juan-soriano/ |title=Arte y vida cotidiana | Arquine |website=www.arquine.com |date= 11 June 2018|access-date=Dec 23, 2018}}</ref> Waxay hoy u tahay 1,200 oo shaqo oo uu leeyahay Soriano, oo ay ku jiraan taallooyin, rinjiyeyn, sawir, iyo sawirro. ​Madxafku kama uusan marnayn muran. Kahor inta uusan furmin, koox la yiraahdo ''Coordinadora Morelense de Movimientos Ciudadanos'' (Isku-duwaha Dhaqdhaqaaqyada Muwaadiniinta Morelos) ayaa dacwad gudbiyay, iyagoo sheegay in kharashka la qiyaasay ee ahaa $195,000,000 pesos uu kor ugu kacay $300 milyan oo pesos. Sidoo kale, waxay ka cawdeen sababta madxafku u loogu talagalay inuu muujiyo shaqada farshaxaniiste ka yimid qaybta galbeed ee dalka iyadoo la iska indhatirayo farshaxaniistayaasha deegaanka.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zonacentronoticias.com/2018/03/presentara-la-coordinadora-morelense-denuncia-por-presunto-desvio-en-construction-del-museo-juan-soriano/ |title=Presentará la Coordinadora Morelense denuncia por presunto desvío en construcción del museo Juan Soriano – Zona Centro Noticias |website=www.zonacentronoticias.com |date=20 March 2018 |access-date=Dec 23, 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pressreader.com/mexico/la-jornada/20180321/282149291849770 |title= |via=PressReader |access-date=Dec 23, 2018}}{{title missing|date=May 2022}}</ref> Ka dib markii madxafku furmay, xubno ka mid ah bulshada farshaxanka ee deegaanka ayaa ka cabanayay in doorashada guddoomiyaha cusub ee maamulaha madxafka ay ku salaysnayd siyaasad (waxay hore u ahayd sarkaalka xakamaynta xayawaanka ee deegaanka) halkii ay ku salaysnaan lahayd aqoon. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/arteseideas/Inician-campana-por-Museo-Juan-Soriano-20181104-0049.html |title=Inician campaña por Museo Juan Soriano |website=www.eleconomista.com.mx |date=5 November 2018 |access-date=Dec 23, 2018}}</ref> ​ ==Shaqooyinka la xushay== ​ ''The moon'' (Dayaxa), taallo ku taal bannaanka National Auditorium ee Magaalada Meksiko ​''La Paloma'' (Qoolleyda), ee ku taal [[Colima City|Magaalada Colima]] iyo [[Monterrey]] ​[[The Rosario Chapel|La Capilla del Rosario]] (Kaniisadda Rosario) ee Magaalada Meksiko ​ ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Members of the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana}} {{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Soriano, Juan}} emhdmsvuao6jmjfxgz89nfgie0ixerj 0 46709 309138 301224 2026-09-23T03:58:41Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox pageant titleholder | name = Frederika Alexis Cull | image = File:Frederika Alexis Cull with Joko Widodo (cropped).jpg | alias = Frederika Cull | alma_mater = | education = [[AIS Indonesia|Australian Independent School]]<ref name="education1"/> | caption = Cull oo joogta [[Bogor Palace]] | birth_name = Frederika Alexis Cull | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1999|10|05}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.beritasatu.com/gaya-hidup/541959/frederika-alexis-terpilih-puteri-indonesia-2019|title=Frederika Alexis Terpilih Puteri Indonesia 2019|website=/www.beritasatu.com|access-date=2019-07-18|archive-date=2022-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310113017/https://www.beritasatu.com/gaya-hidup/541959/frederika-alexis-terpilih-puteri-indonesia-2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.beritasatu.com/hiburan/541992/sabet-mahkota-puteri-indonesia-di-usia-19-tahun-begini-profil-frederika-alexis-cull|title=Frederika Alexis|website=/www.beritasatu.com|access-date=2019-07-18|archive-date=2022-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220419134719/https://www.beritasatu.com/hiburan/541992/sabet-mahkota-puteri-indonesia-di-usia-19-tahun-begini-profil-frederika-alexis-cull|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.koran-jakarta.com/frederika-alexis-cull-siap-wakili-indonesia-di-miss-universe/|title=Frederika Alexis Cull Siap Wakili Indonesia di Miss Universe|website=www.koran-jakarta.com|access-date=2019-07-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cakrawalamedia.co.id/frederica-alexis-cull-jadi-putri-indonesia-2019-di-usia-19/|title=Frederica Alexis Cull Jadi Putri Indonesia 2019 di Usia 19|website=www.cakrawalamedia.co.id|date=9 March 2019 |access-date=2019-07-18}}</ref> | birth_place = [[Jakarta]], Indonesia<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.msn.com/id-id/hiburan/selebriti/menyimak-5-fakta-dari-putri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull/ar-BBUysO2|title=Menyimak 5 Fakta dari Putri Indonesia 2019, Frederika Alexis Cull|website=www.msn.com|access-date=2019-07-18|archive-date=2019-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718211402/https://www.msn.com/id-id/hiburan/selebriti/menyimak-5-fakta-dari-putri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull/ar-BBUysO2|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/lifestyle/read/3912623/lebih-dekat-dengan-puteri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull|title=Lebih Dekat dengan Puteri Indonesia 2019, Frederika Alexis Cull|last=Liputan6.com|date=2019-03-09|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2019-07-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jawapos.com/entertainment/infotainment/10/03/2019/5-fakta-terbaru-puteri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull/|title=5 Fakta Terbaru Puteri Indonesia 2019, Frederika Alexis Cull|last=JawaPos.com|date=2019-03-10|website=JawaPos.com|language=id|access-date=2019-07-18|archive-date=2019-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718211402/https://www.jawapos.com/entertainment/infotainment/10/03/2019/5-fakta-terbaru-puteri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/section/2019/03/08/profil-frederika-alexis-cull-pemenang-puteri-indonesia-2019-usianya-masih-19-tahun|title=Profil Frederika Alexis Cull, Pemenang Puteri Indonesia 2019, Usianya Masih 19 Tahun|website=Tribunnews.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-07-18}}</ref> | height = {{height|m=1.71}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangka.tribunnews.com/2019/03/09/usianya-baru-19-tahun-inilah-latar-belakang-frederika-alexis-cull-puteri-indonesia-2019|title=Usianya Baru 19 Tahun, Inilah Latar Belakang Frederika Alexis Cull, Puteri Indonesia 2019|website=Bangka Pos|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://makassar.tribunnews.com/2019/03/09/7-fakta-frederika-alexis-cull-putri-indonesia-2019silsilah-keluarga-jangan-kaget-tahu-kesukaannya|title=7 Fakta Frederika Alexis Cull Putri Indonesia 2019,Silsilah Keluarga & Jangan Kaget Tahu Kesukaannya|website=Tribun Timur|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nova.grid.id/read/051660769/berasal-dari-australia-frederika-alexis-cull-dinobatkan-jadi-puteri-indonesia-2019|title=Berasal dari Australia, Frederika Alexis Cull Dinobatkan Jadi Puteri Indonesia 2019 - Semua Halaman - Nova.Grid.ID|website=nova.grid.id|language=id|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref> | hair_color = Madow | eye_color = Bunni madow | title = {{Unbulleted list|[[Puteri Indonesia 2019]]|[[Miss Universe Indonesia|Miss Universe Indonesia 2019]]}} | competitions = {{Unbulleted list|[[Puteri Indonesia 2019]]|(Guuleyste)|[[Miss Universe 2019]]|(Top 10)}} }} ​'''Frederika Alexis Cull''' (dhalatay 5 Oktoobar 1999) waa atariisho Indonesia-Australian ah, moodel, u dhaqdhaqaaqe, iyo hanatay tartanka quruxda oo ku guuleysatay horyaalka [[Puteri Indonesia 2019]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Puteri Indonesia 2019|url=https://jakartaglobe.id/vision/puteri-indonesia-2019|website=Jakarta Globe|access-date=2020-05-27}}</ref> Waxay Indonesia u meteshay tartanka [[Miss Universe 2019]], halkaas oo ay gashay Top 10-ka. Waxay noqotay qofkii toddobaad ee Indonesian ah ee gaara heerka kama dambaysta ah ee taariikhda [[Miss Universe]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Indonesia's Frederika Cull makes it to 2019 Miss Universe top 10|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2019/12/09/indonesias-frederika-cull-makes-it-to-2019-miss-universe-top-10.html|website=The Jakarta Post|date=9 December 2019 |language=en|access-date=2020-05-27}}</ref><ref name="education2"/> ​ ==Nolosha hore iyo waxbarashada== Cull waxay ku dhalatay [[Jakarta]], Indonesia, laakiin intii u dhaxaysay da'da 1 ilaa 7 sano waxay ku noolayd magaalada aabaheed, [[Gold Coast, Queensland]], Australia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/lifestyle/read/3912623/lebih-dekat-dengan-puteri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull|title=Lebih Dekat dengan Puteri Indonesia 2019, Frederika Alexis Cull|publisher= [[Liputan 6]]|date=2019-03-09|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2019-07-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jawapos.com/entertainment/infotainment/10/03/2019/5-fakta-terbaru-puteri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull/|title=5 Fakta Terbaru Puteri Indonesia 2019, Frederika Alexis Cull|last=JawaPos.com|date=2019-03-10|publisher=[[Jawa Pos]]|language=id|access-date=2019-07-18|archive-date=2019-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718211402/https://www.jawapos.com/entertainment/infotainment/10/03/2019/5-fakta-terbaru-puteri-indonesia-2019-frederika-alexis-cull/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Cull waxaa dhalay aabbe Australian ah oo ku dhashay British-English, Roy Alexis Cull iyo hooyo Indonesian ah oo eeddo u ah, Yuliar Markonah Peers.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url= http://www.herworld.co.id/article/2019/3/10891-Mengenal-Frederika-Alexis-Cull-Puteri-Indonesia-2019|title=Mengenal Frederika Alexis Cull, Puteri Indonesia 2019|publisher=herworld.co.id|date=9 March 2019}}</ref> Frederika waxay u guurtay [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]] markay jirtay toddoba sano si ay u sii wadato waxbarashadeeda iyo xirfadeeda moodelka, sidoo kale waxay bilawday xirfadeeda jilaanimo markay jirtay 14 sano.<ref name=":1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://forum.detik.com/frederika-alexis-cull-puteri-indonesia-2019-t1977652p363.html|website=detik.com|title=FREDERIKA ALEXIS CULL, PUTERI INDONESIA 2019 "Baru tau fred punya tatto ya walaupun tatto cmn segede upil gitu si tp ah sudah lah."|language=id|access-date=2026-01-12|archive-date=2022-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417233620/https://forum.detik.com/frederika-alexis-cull-puteri-indonesia-2019-t1977652p363.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://makassar.tribunnews.com/2019/03/09/7-fakta-frederika-alexis-cull-putri-indonesia-2019silsilah-keluarga-jangan-kaget-tahu-kesukaannya|title=7 Fakta Frederika Alexis Cull Putri Indonesia 2019,Silsilah Keluarga & Jangan Kaget Tahu Kesukaannya|website=Tribun Timur|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nova.grid.id/read/051660769/berasal-dari-australia-frederika-alexis-cull-dinobatkan-jadi-puteri-indonesia-2019|title=Berasal dari Australia, Frederika Alexis Cull Dinobatkan Jadi Puteri Indonesia 2019 - Semua Halaman - Nova.Grid.ID|website=nova.grid.id|language=id|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref> ​Frederika waxay waxbarashadeeda [[college]]-ka ku dhamaysatay [[AIS Indonesia|Australian Independent School Indonesia (AIS Indonesia)]] oo ku taal [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]].<ref name="education1">{{Cite web|url=https://seleb.tempo.co/read/1281668/frederika-cull-masuk-top-10-miss-universe-sejarah-baru-indonesia|title=Frederika Cull Masuk Top 10 Miss Universe, Sejarah Baru Indonesia|website=[[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)]]|date=9 December 2019 |access-date=December 9, 2019}}</ref> waxayna qaadatay shahaadada [[bachelor degree]] [[Hons.]] ee maadooyinka [[Economics|Dhaqaalaha iyo Maamulka]] ee [[Saïd Business School|The Oxford Centre for Management Studies (OCMS) - Saïd Business School]] oo ka tirsan [[University of Oxford]] ee [[Oxford, Oxfordshire]], England,<ref name="education2">{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.abs-cbn.com/photos/2177/hot-stuff-meet-the-nights-charmermiss-indonesia-2019-frederika-cull|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209055524/https://lifestyle.abs-cbn.com/photos/2177/hot-stuff-meet-the-nights-charmermiss-indonesia-2019-frederika-cull|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 December 2019|title=Hot Stuff: Meet The Night's Charmer—Miss Indonesia 2019 Frederika Cull!|website=[[ABS-CBN Corporation]]|access-date=December 9, 2019}}</ref><ref name="education3">{{Cite web|url=https://manado.tribunnews.com/2019/03/09/ini-sosok-frederika-cull-putri-indonesia-2019-yang-masih-berumur-19-tahun-dan-kuliah-di-oxford|title=Ini Sosok Frederika Cull, Putri Indonesia 2019 yang Masih Berumur 19 Tahun dan Kuliah di Oxford|website=[[Tribun Network]]|access-date=March 9, 2019}}</ref><ref name="education4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.suara.com/entertainment/2021/11/17/170247/dikabarkan-menghilang-9-fakta-frederika-cull-puteri-indonesia-2019|title=Dikabarkan Menghilang, 9 Facts Frederika Cull Puteri Indonesia 2019|website=[[Suara (newspaper)|Suara]]|author=Tinwarotul Fatonah|access-date=November 17, 2021}}</ref> iyo barnaamijka Entrepreneurship Summer Course ee isla jaamacaddaas.<ref name="education2"/><ref name="education3"/> ==Tartamada Quruxda== === Puteri Indonesia 2019 === Cull waxay bilawday tartanka quruxda markii ay u tartantay tartanka 22-aad ee [[Puteri Indonesia]] iyadoo metelaysay [[Jakarta|Jakarta SCR]], waxayna ku dambaysay in loo caleemo saaro [[Puteri Indonesia 2019]] fiidkii finalka ee lagu qabtay [[Jakarta Convention Center]], 8 Maarso 2019, waxaana u caleemo saartay [[Puteri Indonesia 2018]] iyo Top 20 [[Miss Universe 2018]], [[Sonia Fergina Citra]] oo ka socotay [[Bangka Belitung]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Frederika Alexis Cull crowned Miss Puteri Indonesia 2019|url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/beauty-pageants/miss-universe/frederika-alexis-cull/Frederika-Alexis-Culls-pictures/articleshow/68448340.cms|date=20 March 2019|work=The Times of India}}</ref> ​ === Miss Universe 2019 === Cull waxay [[Indonesia]] u meteshay [[Miss Universe|cadadkii 68-aad]] ee tartanka [[Miss Universe 2019]] markay taariikhdu ahayd 8 Diseembar 2019 ee [[Tyler Perry Studios]] ee [[Atlanta, Georgia]], halkaas oo ay gashay top 10. Waa wakiilkii ugu horreeyay ee Indonesian ah ee abid gala top 10.<ref name=":0" /> Cull waxay noqotay kii toddobaad ee [[Indonesians|Indonesian]] ah iyo wakiilkii ugu horreeyay ee [[Jakarta|Jakarta SCR]] ee loo doorto semifinalist taariikhda [[Miss Universe]].<ref>[http://wolipop.detik.com/entertainment-news/d-4815030/tembus-top-10-puteri-indonesia-frederika-cull-ukir-sejarah-di-miss-universe Tembus Top 10, Puteri Indonesia Frederika Cull Ukir Sejarah di Miss Universe]</ref> ==Filimada== Cull waxay jishay dhowr filim oo telefishan ah. ​ ===Filimada Telefishanka=== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;" ! Year !! Title !! Genre !! Role !! Film Production |- | 2013 || ''Buku Harian Dara''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGaLxwelUVo&t=1692s|title=WATCH:Frederika Alexis Cull as Feby on part of 'BUKU HARIAN DARA' Movie|publisher=BUKU HARIAN DARA|date=22 March 2019}}</ref> || [[drama]] || sidii Rika || [[Trans Media]] |- | 2021 || [[:id:Layangan Putus|''Layangan Putus'']]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kompas.id/baca/tokoh/2021/04/14/frederika-cull-tahap-belajar|title=Frederika Cull, Tahap Belajar|publisher=[[Kompas]]|date=April 14, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.idntimes.com/hype/entertainment/stella/reza-rahadian-dan-putri-marino-main-bareng-di-serial-layangan-putus|title=Reza Rahadian dan Putri Marino Main Bareng di Serial Layangan Putus|publisher=[[Times of Indonesia]]|date=April 12, 2021}}</ref> || [[drama]] || sidii Miranda || [[:id:MD Entertainment|MD Entertainment]] iyo [[We TV]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.idnthttps://lifestyle.sindonews.com/read/395024/158/kisah-viral-layangan-putus-diadaptasi-jadi-serial-1618236249|title=Kisah Viral Layangan Putus Diadaptasi Jadi Serial|publisher=[[Koran Sindo]]|date=April 12, 2021}}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |- | 2022 || [[:id:Flora (seri web)|''Flora: Turn On'']]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://about.vidio.com/entertainment/original-series-flora-segera-hadir-di-tahun-2022/|title=Segera Hadir di Tahun 2022, ''Original Series Flora'' Dibintangi Erika Carlina|first=Anita|last=Namira Salsabila|website=Vidio Blog|date=2 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="Sinopsis">{{cite web|title=Ini Sinopsis dan Daftar Pemain ''Web Series Flora Turn On'' yang tayang 2022 di Vidio.com|url=https://correcto.id/beranda/read/54415/ini-sinopsis-dan-daftar-pemain-web-series-flora-turn-on-yang-tayang-2022-di-vidio-com|date=2 January 2022|access-date=2 January 2022|language=id|website=Correcto.id}}</ref>|| [[comedy]] || sidii Gloria || [[:id:Screenplay Films|Screenplay Films]] iyo [[Vidio]] |- | 2023 || [[:id:Scandal Makers (film 2023)|''Scandal Makers'']]<ref>{{cite web|title=Scandal Makers (2023)|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/movie-guide/b-m8ic9f/scandal-makers/|date=25 January 2023|access-date=25 January 2023|website=[[Radio Times]]}}</ref> || [[comedy]]-[[drama]] || sidii Mikha || [[:id:MD Entertainment|MD Entertainment]] |- |} ==Sawiro== <gallery mode="packed" heights="180"> File:Frederika Cull at Kuyung Kupek Muba 2021.jpg|Cull waxay booqatay [[Musi Banyuasin Regency]] ee gobolka [[South Sumatra]], si ay uga qayb gasho munaasabadda 2021 ''"Kuyung Kupek Muba"'' 28 Oktoobar 2021. File:Frederika Alexis Cull with Joko Widodo.jpg|Cull waxay la kulantay Madaxweyne [[Joko Widodo]] gudaha [[Bogor Palace]] sanadkii 2019 File:Frederika Alexis Cull in Bogor Palace.jpg|Cull waxaa waraystay saxaafadda intii ay booqashada ugu tagtay madaxweynaha toddobaad ee Indonesia [[Joko Widodo]] ee [[Bogor Palace]] File:Puteri Indonesia 2019 finalists with Joko Widodo on steps of Bogor Palace.jpg|Cull iyo ka qaybgalayaashii iyo guuleystayaashii [[Puteri Indonesia 2019]], [[Jolene Marie Cholock-Rotinsulu]], [[Jesica Fitriana|Jesica Fitriana Martasari Alfharisi]] iyo [[Miss Universe 2018]], [[Catriona Gray]]. Kulankii Madaxweyne [[Joko Widodo]] ee [[Bogor Palace|Bogor Presidential Palace]] sanadkii 2019 </gallery> ​ == Sidoo kale eeg == {{Portal|Indonesia}} ​[[:en:Puteri Indonesia 2019|Puteri Indonesia 2019]] [[:en:Miss Universe 2019|Miss Universe 2019]] [[:en:Jolene Marie Rotinsulu|Jolene Marie Cholock-Rotinsulu]] [[:en:Jesica Fitriana|Jesica Fitriana Martasari]] ​ ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== {{commons}} ​{{IMDb name|nm5779229}} ​{{Instagram|frederikacull}} ​{{S-start}} {{S-ach}} {{S-bef|before=[[Puteri Indonesia 2018|Aura Febryannisa]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[:id:Puteri Indonesia DKI Jakarta|Puteri Jakarta SCR 1]] |years=[[Puteri Indonesia 2019|2019]]}} {{S-aft|after=[[Puteri Indonesia 2020|Stephanie Cecillia Munthe]]}} {{S-bef|before=[[File:Flag of Bangka-Belitung.svg|border|22x20px|Sumatra]] [[Bangka Belitung]] –<br /> [[Sonia Fergina Citra]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Puteri Indonesia]] |years=[[Puteri Indonesia 2019|2019]]}} {{S-aft|after=[[File:Flag of East Java.svg|border|22x20px|East Java]] [[East Java]] –<br /> [[Ayu Maulida|Raden Roro Ayu Maulida Putri]]}} {{S-end}} ​{{List of Puteri Indonesia winners}} {{Miss Universe Indonesia titleholders}} {{Miss Universe Indonesia placements}} {{Miss Universe 2019 delegates}} {{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Cull, Frederika Alexis}} bvdbmubktigigx6fxaj5i9jk9o8x228 0 46808 309209 294206 2026-09-23T05:33:27Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Jenny Johnson | image = | caption = | birth_name = Jennifer Morrow Johnson<ref name="BBG1">{{cite web |title=Jenny Johnson, Franklin Templeton Investments: Profile and Biography |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/1421777 |website=Bloomberg.com |language=en}}</ref> | birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1964}}<ref name="FT1">{{cite web |last1=Walker |first1=Owen |title=Jennifer Johnson is the new heiress of Franklin Templeton legacy |url=https://www.ft.com/content/3e42708e-fa64-400e-8bfb-61d7cf78ba58 |website=www.ft.com |date=November 26, 2019}}</ref> | birth_place = [[Morristown, New Jersey]], U.S. | nationality = American | alma_mater = [[University of California, Davis]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) | title = Madaxweynaha iyo Agaasimaha Guud (CEO) ee [[Franklin Templeton Investments]] | predecessor = [[Greg Johnson (businessman)|Greg Johnson]] | spouse = | children = 5 | footnotes = }} ​Jennifer Morrow Johnson (dhalatay 1964) waa maamule ganacsi oo Mareykan ah, taas oo ah madaxweynaha hadda iyo [[chief executive officer]] (CEO) ee [[Franklin Templeton Investments]], shirkad uu aasaasay 1947-kii awooweheed, Rupert H. Johnson Sr. ​Sannadkii 2023, Johnson waxay gashay kaalinta 61-aad ee liiska [[Forbes]] ee [[Forbes list of the World's 100 Most Powerful Women|100-ka Haweenka ee ugu Awoodda Badan Adduunka.]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 5, 2023 |title=The World's Most Powerful Women 2023 |url=https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/ |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en |archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 18, 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260118132340/https://www.forbes.com/lists/power-women/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> ''[[American Banker]]'' waxay Johnson dhigtay lambarka 4-aad liiskeeda 2023 ee Haweenka ugu Awoodda Badan dhinaca Maaliyadda.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Case |first=Ingrid |date=September 27, 2023 |title=The Most Powerful Women in Finance: No. 4, Jenny Johnson, Franklin Templeton |url=https://www.americanbanker.com/news/the-most-powerful-women-in-finance-2023-jenny-johnson-franklin-templeton |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=American Banker |language=en}}</ref> ​ == Nolosha hore == Johnson waxay ku dhalatay 1964 gudaha [[Morristown, New Jersey]]. Aabbaheed [[Charles B. Johnson]] wuxuu ahaa Agaasimaha Guud (CEO) ee Franklin Resources halka hooyadeed Ann Johnson ay ahayd [[dhakhtar]] ka qalin-jabisay [[Stanford University School of Medicine|Dugsiga Caafimaadka ee Jaamacadda Stanford]]. Johnson waa xubin ka tirsan jiilkii saddexaad ee qoyska Johnson ee aasaasay lana wareegay maamulka [[Franklin Templeton Investments]]. Waxay lahayd lix walaalo ah.<ref name="FT1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Schulman |first=Henry |date=December 3, 2018 |title=SF Giants co-owner Charles B. Johnson: The man beyond the politics |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/giants/article/SF-Giants-co-owner-Charles-B-Johnson-The-man-13438250.php |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=San Francisco Chronicle |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Yiu |first=Enoch |date=June 25, 2017 |title=Mother of five juggles family and work as head of global fund house |url=https://www.scmp.com/business/banking-finance/article/2099706/mother-five-juggles-family-and-work-head-global-fund-house |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref> ​Markii ay koreysay, Johnson waxay ahayd qofka kaliya ee walaalaheed ah ee doonayay inuu ka shaqeeyo ganacsiga qoyska. Markay 14 sano jirtay, xilliyada fasaxa dugsiga waxay ka shaqayn jirtay qaybta boostada ee shirkad maaliyadeed oo degaanka ah.<ref name="FT1" /> ​Johnson waxay dhigatay [[University of California, Davis]] halkaas oo ay u ciyaari jirtay kooxda kubbadda koleyga ee gabdhaha ee dugsiga, waxayna xubin ka ahayd [[Alpha Phi]]. Waxay qalin-jabisay 1987-kii iyadoo qaadatay shahaadada [[Bachelor of Arts|BA]] ee [[Economics|Dhaqaalaha]] iyo [[Physical education|Jimicsiga jirka]]. Qalin-jabinta ka dib, aabbaheed wuxuu ku dhiirigeliyay inay ka guurto xarunta qoyska ee u dhow [[San Francisco]] una guurto [[New York City]] si ay u raadsato shaqo dhinaca maaliyadda ah.<ref name="BBG1" /><ref name="FT1" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Velloor |first=Ravi |date=October 16, 2022 |title=Franklin Templeton's Jenny Johnson can play soccer and steer $2 trillion |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/business/invest/jenny-johnson-can-play-soccer-and-steer-2-trillion |access-date=January 6, 2024 |work=The Straits Times |language=en |issn=0585-3923}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Justice |first=Donna |date=November 21, 2017 |title=UC Davis College of Letters and Science - UC Davis Prepped President of Fortune 500 Company for Life of Leadership |url=https://lettersandscience.ucdavis.edu/alumni-profiles/jennifer-johnson |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=lettersandscience.ucdavis.edu |language=en |archive-date=Bisha Koobaad 6, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106170016/https://lettersandscience.ucdavis.edu/alumni-profiles/jennifer-johnson |url-status=dead }}</ref> ​ == Shaqada == ​ Sannadkii 1987, Johnson waxay ku biirtay [[Drexel Burnham Lambert]] iyadoo ah tababaraha shaqada.<ref name="FT1" /> ​Sannadkii 1988, Johnson waxay dib ugu laabatay San Francisco waxayna bilowday inay u shaqayso Franklin Templeton Investments. Shaqadeedii ugu horreysay waxay ahayd inay ka shaqeyso bangi ay shirkaddu iibsatay.<ref name="FT1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> ​Saddexdii sano ee xigay, Johnson waxay xilal kala duwan ka qabatay qaybaha kala duwan ee Franklin Templeton Investments kuwaas oo ay ka mid ahaayeen [[consumer lending|amaahda macaamiisha]], tignoolajiyada iyo hawlgallada, [[wealth management|maamulka hantida]] iyo [[alternative investment|maalgashiyada kale]]. Johnson waxay noqotay [[chief operating officer]] (madaxa hawlgallada) sannadkii 2010 iyo madaxweyne sannadkii 2016.<ref name="BBG1" /><ref name="FT1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ​Bishii Febraayo 2020, Johnson waxay noqotay Agaasimaha Guud (CEO) ee Franklin Templeton Investments iyadoo xilka kala wareegtay walaalkeed [[Greg Johnson (businessman)|Greg Johnson]] kaas oo noqday Guddoomiyaha Fulinta.<ref name="BBG1" /><ref name="FT1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ​Intii ay ahayd Agaasimaha Guud, Johnson waxay kormeeraysay dhowr shirkadood oo ay iibsatay Franklin Templeton Investments kuwaas oo ay ka mid ahaayeen [[Legg Mason]], [[Lexington Partners]] iyo [[Putnam Investments]]. Natiijo ahaan, [[assets under management|hantida ay maamusho]] Franklin Templeton Investments waxay kor u kacday in ka badan $1 trillion.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Rubinstein |first=Marc |date=June 8, 2023 |title=A Fund Firm Tries to Buy Its Way Out of a Bind |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2023-06-08/franklin-templeton-funds-parent-tries-to-buy-its-way-out-of-a-bind |access-date=January 6, 2024 |work=Bloomberg.com |language=en}}</ref> ​ == Nolosha gaarka ah == ​ Johnson waxay horay u guursatay nin ganacsade tignoolajiyada ah, weyna kala tageen. Waxay leedahay laba wiil iyo saddex gabdhood.<ref name="FT1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Black |first=Euan |date=March 21, 2023 |title=The moment this $2trn fund manager realised her industry has a women problem |url=https://www.afr.com/work-and-careers/leaders/why-this-manager-of-2-trillion-plans-to-hire-more-female-fundies-20230315-p5csdz |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref> ​Johnson waa qof aad u jecel [[horse rider|fuulista fardaha]] waxayna ku raaxaysataa inay waqti la qaadato carruurteeda [[ranch|beerta xoolaha]] ee ay ku leedahay [[Montana]].<ref name="FT1" /> Sidoo kale waxay carruurteeda la ciyaartaa kubbadda cagta.<ref name=":1" /> ​Johnson waxay u adeegtaa golayaal kala duwan kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin Guddiga La-talinta Caalamiga ah ee [[Monetary Authority of Singapore]], guddiga la-talinta ee [[New York Stock Exchange]], mu'asasada kansarka ee [[Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center|Memorial Sloan Kettering]], [[Thermo Fisher Scientific]] iyo [[Catalyst (nonprofit organization)|Catalyst]].<ref name="BBG1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ​Johnson hadda waxay ku nooshahay [[Florida]].<ref name=":1" /> ​ == Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Johnson, Jenny}} 4ampqjw5xrl2opmbmrjcopxlb3akobr 0 47104 309120 294540 2026-09-23T02:12:49Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Casiano Céspedes | image = Casiano Céspedes, Estadio, 1948-01-24 (245) (cropped).jpg | caption = | fullname = Casiano Céspedes Araújo | birth_date = {{birth year|1924}} | birth_place = [[Paraguay]] | death_date = | height = | position = [[Defender (association football)|Daafac]] | years1 = | clubs1 = [[Club Olimpia]]| caps1 = |goals1 = | nationalyears1 = | nationalteam1 = [[Paraguay national football team|Paraguay]]| nationalcaps1 = | nationalgoals1 = }} ​'''Casiano Céspedes Araújo''' (dhashay 1924, taariikhda dhimashada lama yaqaan) wuxuu ahaa [[association football|ciyaaryahan]] [[Defender (association football)|daafac]] oo u dhashay dalka Paraguay kaasoo u ciyaaray [[Paraguay national football team|xulka qaranka Paraguay]] tartankii [[1950 FIFA World Cup]].<ref>[https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=7/teams/team=43928.html 1950 FIFA World Cup Brazil] {{Wayback|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=7/teams/team=43928.html |date=20111025030651 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025030651/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition%3D7/teams/team%3D43928.html |date=October 25, 2011 }}</ref> Sidoo kale wuxuu u ciyaaray kooxda [[Club Olimpia]]. Céspedes waa uu geeriyooday.<ref>{{cite news |title=Falleció Darío Jara Saguier |url=https://www.elnacional.com.py/deportes/2023/01/22/fallecio-dario-jara-saguier/ |access-date=23 January 2023 |publisher=El Nacional |date=22 January 2023}}</ref> ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090402072001/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=47442/index.html FIFA profile] ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Cespedes, Casiano}} 3o3egtie2c92rvdzn6h412z4nqw8vgs 0 47108 309137 294551 2026-09-23T03:57:33Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309137 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Francisco Jara | image = Francisco Jara 1966.jpg | caption = Jara oo jooga [[1966 FIFA World Cup|Koobkii Adduunka ee 1966]] | full_name = Francisco Jara Garibay | birth_date = {{birth date|1941|02|03|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Guadalajara]], [[Jalisco]], Mexico | death_date = {{death date and age|2024|02|02|1941|02|03|df=y}} | death_place = [[Guadalajara]], [[Jalisco]], Mexico | height = | position = [[Forward (association football)|Weerar]] | years1 = 1960–1971 | clubs1 = [[C.D. Guadalajara|Guadalajara]] | caps1 = | goals1 = 68 | nationalyears1 = 1963–1968 | nationalteam1 = [[Mexico national football team|Mexico]] | nationalcaps1 = 9 | nationalgoals1 = 0 }} ​'''Francisco Jara Garibay''' (3 Febraayo 1941 – 2 Febraayo 2024) wuxuu ahaa ciyaaryahan [[association football|kubbadda cagta]] Mexico ah kaasoo booska [[forward (association football)|weerarka]] ugu ciyaari jiray [[Mexico national football team|xulka qaranka Mexico]] tartankii [[1966 FIFA World Cup|Koobkii Adduunka ee 1966]].<ref>[https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=26/teams/team=43911.html 1966 FIFA World Cup England] {{Wayback|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=26/teams/team=43911.html |date=20111022004635 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111022004635/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition%3D26/teams/team%3D43911.html |date=22 October 2011 }}</ref> Sidoo kale wuxuu u ciyaari jiray kooxda [[C.D. Guadalajara|Guadalajara]]. Jara wuxuu dhintay 2 Febraayo 2024.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rest in Peace Campeonísimo Francisco Jara |url=https://www.chivasdecorazon.com.mx/en/noticias/37317/Descanse-en-paz-el-Campeonsimo-Francisco-Jara |access-date=3 February 2024 |publisher=Chivas |date=2 February 2024}}</ref> ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20130701190011/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=69845/index.html FIFA profile] ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Jara, Francisco}} 241c2ugsa984y72jkhkn1vwb1cpqxp3 0 47179 309117 294771 2026-09-23T01:49:54Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Braulio Musso | image = Braulio Musso, Estadio, 1954-08-28 (589).jpg | upright = | caption = Musso sanadkii 1954 | full_name = Braulio Enrique Musso Reyes <ref name="Braulio Musso">{{Cite web|url=https://www.partidosdelaroja.com/1970/01/braulio-musso.html|title = Braulio Musso}}</ref> | birth_date = {{Birth date|1930|03|08|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Limache]], [[Jamhuuriyadda Madaxweynaha (1925–1973)|Chile]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|2025|06|18|1930|03|08|df=y}} | death_place = | height = 1.70 m<ref name="nft"/> | position = [[Garabka bidix]] | years1 = 1951–1968 | clubs1 = [[Club Universidad de Chile|Universidad de Chile]] | caps1 = 382 | goals1 = 82 | totalcaps = | totalgoals = | nationalyears1 = 1954–1961 | nationalteam1 = [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Chile|Chile]] | nationalcaps1 = 14 | nationalgoals1 = 3 | medaltemplates = {{Medal|Sport|Ragga [[kubbadda cagta]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fb|CHI}}}} {{Medal|Comp|[[Koobka Adduunka FIFA]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[Koobka Adduunka FIFA 1962|1962 Chile]]|}} }} ​'''Braulio Enrique Musso Reyes<ref name="Braulio Musso">{{Cite web|url=https://www.partidosdelaroja.com/1970/01/braulio-musso.html|title = Braulio Musso}}</ref>''' (8 Maarso 1930 – 18 Juun 2025) wuxuu ahaa [[kubbadda cagta|ciyaaryahan]] reer Chile ah oo u ciyaari jiray booska [[garabka bidix]] ee kooxda [[C.F. Universidad de Chile|Universidad de Chile]] intii u dhaxeysay 1951 ilaa 1968.<ref name="nft">{{cite web |title=Braulio Musso |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/63856/Braulio_Musso.html |website=National Football Teams |access-date=17 February 2021}}</ref><ref>[https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe60021/braulio-musso/ Profile at World Football.net]</ref> Wuxuu xubin ka ahaa [[Xulka kubbadda cagta Chile|xulka qaranka Chile]] ee [[Koobka Adduunka FIFA 1962]] isagoon wax kulan ah ciyaarin.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080929181531/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=69890/index.html Player profile at FIFA.com]</ref><ref>[https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=21/teams/team=43925.html Team profile at FIFA.com] {{Wayback|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition=21/teams/team=43925.html |date=20110722123041 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722123041/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/edition%3D21/teams/team%3D43925.html |date=22 July 2011 }}</ref> ​Musso wuxuu dhintay 18-kii Juun 2025, isagoo jira da'da 95 sano.<ref>[https://chile.as.com/futbol/muere-braulio-musso-idolo-de-la-u-y-del-futbol-chileno-que-le-paso-y-reacciones-a-su-fallecimiento-n/ Muere Braulio Musso, ídolo de la U y del fútbol chileno: qué le pasó y reacciones a su fallecimiento] {{in lang|es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Fallece Braulio Musso, gloria del Mundial del 62 y capitán del Ballet Azul|url=https://www.latercera.com/el-deportivo/noticia/fallece-braulio-musso-gloria-del-mundial-del-62-y-capitan-del-ballet-azul/ |website=La Tercera |access-date=18 June 2025 |language=es}}</ref> ​ ==Guulaha== '''Universidad de Chile''' ​[[Horyaalka heerka kowaad ee Chile]]: 1959, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1967 ​ ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Musso, Braulio}} 9kc8atrtam9oy5ps0u2ph9r4dts01jp 0 47659 309127 300760 2026-09-23T03:03:30Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox port | name = Dekedda Kilindini<br>Dekedda Mombasa | image = Port of Mombasa.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Dekedda Mombasa | pushpin_map = Kenya#Africa#World | pushpin_map_caption = Goobta Dekedda Mombasa | country = {{flag|Kenya}} | location = [[Mombasa]], [[Mombasa County|Gobolka Mombasa]] | coordinates = {{Coord|4|03|19|S|39|39|07|E|region:KE|display=inline,title}} | locode = KEKIL<ref name="Locode-1">{{cite web |title=UNLOCODE (KE) – KENYA |url=https://service.unece.org/trade/locode/ke.htm |website=service.unece.org |publisher=UNECE |access-date=11 August 2020}}</ref> | opened ={{start date and age|1896}} | operated = [[Kenya Ports Authority|Maamulka Dekedaha Kenya]] | owner = [[Government of Kenya|Dowladda Kenya]] | type = Dabiici/Farsamo | sizewater = | sizeland = | size = | draft_depth = {{convert|17.5|m|abbr=on}} | berths = | wharfs = | piers = | employees = | leadershiptitle = | leader = | arrivals = | cargotonnage = 14 Malyan sanadkii 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.megaprojects.co.ke/articles/246/the-changing-face-of-kenyas-public-transport-system/ |title=The Changing Face of Kenya’s Public Transport System &#124; MegaProjects Kenya |publisher=Megaprojects.co.ke |access-date=2013-12-10 |archive-date=2013-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002013928/http://www.megaprojects.co.ke/articles/246/the-changing-face-of-kenyas-public-transport-system/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> | containervolume = | cargovalue = | passengertraffic = | revenue = | profit = | website = [http://www.kpa.co.ke/Pages/default.aspx Maamulka Dekedaha Kenya] | blankstatstitle1 = | blankstats1 = }} '''Dekedda Kilindini''' (''Bandari ya Mombasa'', af [[Swahili language|Sawaaxili]]) waa marin biyo-qoto dheer oo dabiici ah oo aad u weyn, kaas oo gudaha u gala xagga [[Mombasa]], [[Kenya]]. Waxay qoto dheerkeedu gaaraa {{convert|25-30|fathom|m}} xarunteeda ugu qoto dheer, inkasta oo qoto-dheeraanta lagu xakameeyo ay tahay marinka sare ee dekedda oo leh qoto dheer oo la qoday oo dhan {{convert|17.5|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Fap-1">{{cite web|title=Port of Mombasa, Kenya|url=http://www.findaport.com/port-of-mombasa|website=findaport.com|publisher=Shipping Guides Ltd|access-date=18 March 2018|archive-date=8 Bisha Todobaad 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708082324/http://www.findaport.com/port-of-mombasa|url-status=dead}}</ref> Waxay u adeegtaa sidii dekedda [[Mombasa]], iyadoo [[hinterland|dhulalka gudaha]] u fidda ilaa [[Uganda]]. Dekedda Kilindini waa qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee '''Dekedda Mombasa''', oo ah dekedda kaliya ee caalamiga ah ee Kenya iyo dekedda ugu weyn [[east Africa|Bariga Afrika]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Africa’s ports: The bottleneck|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21695054-new-investment-alone-will-not-fix-africas-ports-governments-need-deal|access-date=19 March 2016|work=[[The Economist]]|date=19 March 2016}}</ref> Waxaa maamula [[Kenya Ports Authority|Maamulka Dekedaha Kenya]] (KPA). Marka laga reebo maaraynta xamuulka, Mombasa waxay leedahay maraakiibta dalxiiska [[cruise ship]] oo inta badan soo booqda. Kilindini waa eray Sawaaxili ah oo macnihiisu yahay "si qoto dheer u hooseeya" ama "gudaha moolka"<ref>{{cite web | title=Google Translate | url=https://translate.google.com/?sl=sw&tl=en&text=Kilindini%20&op=translate | access-date=13 December 2022}}</ref> taas oo tixraacaysa qoto-dheeraanta marinka. Dekedda Kilindini waa tusaale ka mid ah ifafaale juqraafiyeed oo dabiici ah oo loo yaqaan [[ria]], kaas oo samaysmay malaayiin sano ka hor markii heerka badda uu kor u kacay oo uu liqay webi ka soo qulqulayay dhulka weyn ee qaaradda. == Taariikh == [[File:Allidina-Visram.jpg|thumbnail|right|240px|Dugsiga Allidina Visram ee Mombasa, oo la sawiray 2006, wuxuu ahaa goobtii ay ku taallay xaruntii sirta ahayd ee British "Kilindini" ee jabisay koodhadhka intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]] Mombasa waxay leedahay taariikh qarniyo badan ah oo ah magaalo deked ah. Dekedda Kilindini waxaa la furay 1896 markii shaqadu ay ka bilaabatay dhismaha [[Uganda Railway|Tareenka Uganda]]. Intii lagu jiray [[World War II|Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka]], intii Kenya ay ahayd gumeysi British ah, Kilindini waxay noqotay saldhig ku meel gaar ah oo ay leedahay [[British Eastern Fleet|Maraakiibta Bariga ee British-ka]] laga bilaabo horraantii 1942 ilaa khatartii badda ee [[Japan]] ay ka fogeeyeen [[Colombo]], Ceylon (hadda [[Sri Lanka]]). Meel u dhow, [[Far East Combined Bureau]], oo ah xarun ka tirsan hawlgalka jebinta koodhadhka ee British-ka ee [[Bletchley Park]], ayaa lagu dejiyay dugsi la qabsaday (Allidina Visram High School, Mombasa) waxayna ku guulaysteen inay jabiyaan [[Japanese naval codes|koodhadhkii badda ee Japan]]. == Ballaarinta == 29 Agoosto 2013, ballaarinta dekedda ayaa u suurta gelisay inay maamusho Maraakiibta Panamax. Mashruuca waxaa la bilaabay Julaay 2011 qiimihiisu ahaa $82.15 milyan oo ay bixisay Dowladda Kenya waxaana fulisay [[China Roads and Bridge Corporation]]. Deked cusub, Berth 19, oo leh {{convert|15|acre|ha|abbr=on|order=flip}} oo ah barxad lagu kaydiyo, ayaa bixisay awood dheeraad ah oo sannadle ah oo dhan 200,000 [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEU]]. Mashruucu waa in la kordhiyo xamuulka dekedda 33%, iyadoo la xoojinayo heerka hoggaamineed ee Mombasa iyo sidoo kale Kenya ee Bariga Afrika.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-08/29/c_132673420.htm |title=Newly expanded port berth reopens in Kenya's Mombasa |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=2013-08-29 |access-date=2013-12-10 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115848/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-08/29/c_132673420.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ballaarintan waxay la socotay qorshayaal lagu dhisayo tareenno si wanaagsan ugu xiraya dekedda Uganda iyo Rwanda.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kenya Fights Off Port Competition With $13 Billion Plan: Freight|publisher=Bloomberg News|year=2013|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-08-20/kenya-fights-off-port-competition-with-13-billion-plan-freight.html|access-date=26 November 2023}}</ref> == Aagga Xorta ah ee Dongo Kundu == Dowladda Kenya waxay sidoo kale bilowday inay fududeyso horumarinta Deked Xor ah oo ku taal {{convert|3000|acre|ha|abbr=on|order=flip}} oo dhul ah oo ay leedahay Maamulka degaanka Dongo Kundu iyada oo loo marayo hababka iskaashiga dowladda iyo gaarka loo leeyahay. Sidoo kale waxaa socda mashruuca waddo weyn oo la mariyo si loogu xiro aagga mashruuca iyo Mombasa – Lunga Lunga – Nairobi Highway.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://www.kpa.co.ke/INFOCENTER/NEWS/Pages/MANAGINGDIRECTORSSPEECH.aspx |title=Managing Directors Speech |publisher=Kpa.co.ke |access-date=2013-12-10}}</ref> Waxaa loo yaqaannaa [[Dongo Kundu bypass]], ujeedada mashaariicda waa in la fududeeyo socodka taraafikada ee Xeebta Koonfureed ee Kenya. Dhismaha ayaa la bilaabi lahaa dabayaaqadii 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nation.co.ke/business/Construction-of-road-to-South-Coast-will-start-this-year/-/996/1998568/-/1tu0fdz/-/index.html |title=Construction of road to South Coast will start this year – Business |work=Daily Nation |access-date=2013-12-10}}</ref> Dhismaha waxaa la dhamaystiray Julaay 2024 oo hadda waa shaqaynayaa.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}} == Dekedda Lamu == Deked cusub oo caalami ah, [[Lamu Port and Lamu-Southern Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor|Dekedda Lamu]] ayaa ku jirta dhismaha [[Lamu|Lamu]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dredgingtoday.com/2012/03/07/kenya-prime-minister-speaks-at-ground-breaking-ceremony-of-proposed-lamu-port/ |title=Dredging Today – Kenya: Prime Minister Speaks at Ground Breaking Ceremony of Proposed Lamu Port |publisher=Dredgingtoday.com |date=2012-03-07 |access-date=2013-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Ndaiga |first=Hellen |url=http://www.constructionkenya.com/2428/ground-breaking-held-for-sh2-trillion-lamu-port/ |title=Lamu Port, LAPSSET Corridor Groundbreaking Held |publisher=Constructionkenya.com |date=2012-03-02 |access-date=2013-12-10 |archive-date=2019-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701142049/https://www.constructionkenya.com/2428/ground-breaking-held-for-sh2-trillion-lamu-port/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dekedda Lamu waxay noqon doontaa mid ka weyn Dekedda Kilindini laakiin [[Kenya Ports Authority|Maamulka Dekedaha Kenya]] ayaa sheegaya in labada dekedood aysan tartan gali doonin balse ay is dhammaystiri doonaan. Dekeddu waxay yeelan doontaa 32 dekedood (berths) iyo marin laga soo galo oo la qoday ilaa {{convert|18|m|abbr=on}} si ay ugu suurto gasho in ay qaadato maraakiib gaaraya 120,000 [[Deadweight tonnage|DWT]] ([[Panamax#Post-Panamax and Post-Neopanamax ships|Post-Panamax Vessels]]). Qiimaha Qorshaha Muddada Gaaban ee Mashruuca Dekedda Lamu, oo ay ku jiraan 3-da dekedood ee ugu horreeya, waxaa lagu qiyaasay US$664 milyan. Wajiga Koowaad waxaa la dhamayn doonaa 2016.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> == Sidoo kale eeg == *[[List of Swahili settlements of the East African coast|Degsiimooyinkii Taariikhiga ahaa ee Sawaaxiliga]] *[[Swahili architecture|Dhismaha Sawaaxiliga]] == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons category|Port of Mombasa}} *[https://kpa.co.ke Maamulka Dekedaha Kenya]. Waxaa la helay 13 Diseembar 2022 {{Authority control}} 31mqj1c0uxu8y481b89t5lf9qegvv45 0 47753 309228 303300 2026-09-23T07:19:33Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ----------------> |official_name = Monkey Bay |other_name = Lusumbwe |native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--> |motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |image_skyline =Monoxylon_beach_Lake_Malawi_1557.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Xeebta Cape Maclear oo u dhow Monkey Bay |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Malawi<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_mapsize= |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption = Goobta ay Malawi kaga taal <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Waddan |subdivision_name = {{flag|Malawi}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Malawi|Gobol]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Southern Region, Malawi|Gobolka Koonfureed]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Malawi|Degmo]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Mangochi District]] |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = <!-- Settled --> |established_date = |established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |established_date2 = |established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = Tirakoobkii 2018<ref name="Census2018">{{cite web|url=http://www.nsomalawi.mw/images/stories/data_on_line/demography/census_2018/2018%20Malawi%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf|title=2018 Population and Housing Census Main Report|publisher=Malawi National Statistical Office|accessdate=25 December 2019|archive-date=8 Bisha Lixaad 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608191931/http://www.nsomalawi.mw/images/stories/data_on_line/demography/census_2018/2018%20Malawi%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 14,955 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = Qowmiyado |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title = Diimo |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = +2 |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|14|05|00|S|34|55|00|E|region:MW|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 1630 |blank1_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Cimilada]] |blank1_info_sec2 = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]] <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} [[file:Monkey bay main road.JPG|thumb|Waddada ugu weyn ee waqooyi-koonfur ee magaalada.]] '''Monkey Bay''' ama '''Lusumbwe''' waa magaalo ku taal [[Mangochi]] oo ka tirsan [[Mangochi District|Degmada Mangochi]] ee [[Southern Region, Malawi|Gobolka Koonfureed]] ee dalka [[Malawi]]. Magaaladu waxay ku taal xeebta [[Lake Malawi|Harada Malawi]] waana mid ka mid ah dekedaha ugu waaweyn ee Harada Malawi.<ref name="Britannica">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-43952/Malawi|title=Malawi: Transportation|accessdate=20 June 2008|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> Dadka ku nool Monkey Bay waxay ahaayeen 14,955 qof sida ku xusan tirakoobkii 2018.<ref name="World Gazetteer"/> Monkey Bay waxay {{convert|206|km|mi}} u jirtaa [[Lilongwe]], oo ah caasimadda Malawi, iyo {{convert|253|km|mi}} oo u jirta [[Blantyre, Malawi|Blantyre]].<ref name="Wild Malawi">{{cite web|url=http://www.wildmalawi.com/distance-table/distance-table/malawi-distance-table.html|title=Malawi distance table|accessdate=20 June 2008}}</ref> Monkey Bay waa goob dalxiis waxaana inta badan laga sii maraa wadada loo aado [[Cape Maclear]].<ref name="Maclear">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zo1sg8FnF2gC|title=Lonely Planet Southern Africa: Join the Safari|accessdate=20 June 2008|year=2007|last=Murphy|first=Alan|author2=Armstrong, Kate |author3=Firestone, Matthew D. |author4= Fitzpatrick, Mary |isbn=978-1-74059-745-6|page=200|publisher=[[Lonely Planet]]}}</ref> ==Taariikhda== Monkey Bay waxaa xukumayay hogaamiye Muslim ah oo [[Yao people (East Africa)|Yao]] ah iyo ganacsade addoon, Mponda, intii lagu jiray 1880-meeyadii.<ref name="Mponda">{{cite book|title=The Steamer Parish: The Rise and Fall of Missionary Medicine on an African|url=https://archive.org/details/steamerparishris0000good|url-access=registration|last=Good|first=Charles M.|year=2004|accessdate=22 June 2008|page=[https://archive.org/details/steamerparishris0000good/page/88 88]|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]|isbn=0-226-30281-4}}</ref> Sannadkii 1905, sahamiye [[Mary Hall (explorer)|Mary Hall]] ayaa maray halkan iyadoo noqotay haweeneydii ugu horreysay ee safarta dhererka Afrika laga soo bilaabo Cape Town ilaa Qaahira.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Baker |first=Colin |date=1982 |title=Nyasaland 1905 - 1909: The Journeys of Mary Hall, Olivia Colville and Charlotte Mansfield |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/29778467 |journal=The Society of Malawi Journal |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=11–29 |issn=0037-993X}}</ref> Dhamaadkii qarnigii 19-aad, Bishop-kii ugu horreeyay ee [[Likoma Island|Likoma]], [[Chauncy Maples]], ayaa ku degay meel u dhow Monkey Bay ee Harada Malawi.<ref name="Bishop">{{cite book|title=Lonely Planet Southern Africa: Join the Safari|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zo1sg8FnF2gC|accessdate=20 June 2008|year=2007|last=Murphy|first=Alan|author2=Armstrong, Kate |author3=Firestone, Matthew D. |author4= Fitzpatrick, Mary |isbn=978-1-74059-745-6|page=193|publisher=[[Lonely Planet]]}}</ref> Sannadihii 1960-meeyadii, waxaa Monkey Bay ka jiray Shaybaar Cilmi-baaris Kalluumeysi, kaas oo ay maalgelisay xilligaas dawladdii gumeysiga [[Nyasaland]].<ref name="Fisheries">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k706AAAAIAAJ|title=Bulletin – Malawi Geological Survey Department|accessdate=20 June 2008|publisher=Malawi Geographical Survey Department|year=1963}}</ref> ==Juqraafiga== Monkey Bay waxay ku taal xeebta [[Lake Malawi|Harada Malawi]] waana mid ka mid ah dekedaha ugu waaweyn ee Harada Malawi.<ref name="Britannica"/> Waxay ku taal joog dhan {{convert|1630|ft|m|order=flip|abbr=on}}. Monkey Bay waxay qiyaastii {{convert|4|mi|km|0|order=flip|abbr=on}} u jirtaa Chimpamba, {{convert|2|mi|km|0|order=flip|abbr=on}} u jirtaa Zambo, {{convert|1|mi|km|round=0.5|order=flip|abbr=on}} u jirtaa Msumbi iyo 17.9 km (11.12 mi) u jirtaa [[Cape Maclear]].<ref name=FR>{{cite web |url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/MI/0/Monkey_Bay.html |title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Monkey Bay, Malawi |work=FallingRain Genomics |accessdate=21 June 2008 |archive-date=3 Bisha Saddexaad 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193333/http://www.fallingrain.com/world/MI/0/Monkey_Bay.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Heerka Nolosha== Bishii Maarso 2003, Madaxweynihii xilligaas ee Malawi [[Bakili Muluzi]] ayaa shir ku qabtay Monkey Bay, wuxuuna ballan qaaday inuu gacan ka geysan doono dhimista saboolnimada.<ref name="Muluzi">{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200303080008.html|title=Malawi: Muluzi Outlines Priority|date=8 March 2008|accessdate=20 June 2008|work=[[AllAfrica]]}}</ref> Hay'adda samafalka ee [[Save the Children]] ayaa ka howlgasha aagga Monkey Bay.<ref name="CSM">{{cite web|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/2002/0611/p01s03-woaf.htm|title=AIDS adds to African food crisis|date=11 June 2002|accessdate=20 June 2008|work=[[CS Monitor]]|last=Itano|first=Nicole}}</ref> Sida uu sheegay mutadawac horumarineed oo Jarmal ah oo la shaqeeya Back to School Foundation, dadka deggan Monkey Bay kuma noola heerka saboolnimada, laakiin waxay ku nool yihiin heerka jiritaanka. Guryuhu waa cariishyo dhoobo ah oo fudud, qoysas yar ayaa awoodi kara koronto, maadaama kharashka xiriirka oo kaliya uu yahay saddex jeer mushaharka celceliska bille ah.<ref name="Rheinische Post">{{cite web|url=http://www.rp-online.de/public/article/kempen/471650/Eine-Zukunft-fuer-die-Kinder-von-Malawi.html|title=Eine Zukunft für die Kinder von Malawi|date=23 August 2007|accessdate=20 June 2008|last=Kleinebrahm|first=Tobias|work=[[Rheinische Post]]|language=German}}</ref> ==Adeegyada== ===Goobaha Adeegga=== Waxaa Monkey Bay ku yaal suuq weyn iyo suuq caadi ah, inkastoo aysan jirin xafiisyo lacag beddelasho ama mashiinno lacagta lagala baxo (ATM). 22 Febraayo 2010, bangigii ugu horreeyay ayaa albaabada u furay. [[Malawi Savings Bank]] oo ka shaqeynayay dhismaha Xafiiska Boostada ayaa u guuray meel u gaar ah, dhismo dib loo habeeyay oo ballaaran oo ku yaal xarunta ganacsiga. Ma jirin maqaaxi internet oo shaqeysa sannadkii 2007 laakiin waxaa jiray calaamado mid ka mid ah. Waxaa jira guryo dhowr ah oo martida loo qaabilo.<ref name="Shops">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zo1sg8FnF2gC|page=201|title=Lonely Planet Southern Africa: Join the Safari|accessdate=20 June 2008|year=2007|last=Murphy|first=Alan|author2=Armstrong, Kate |author3=Firestone, Matthew D. |author4= Fitzpatrick, Mary |isbn=978-1-74059-745-6|publisher=[[Lonely Planet]]}}</ref> Mashiinka lacagta lagala baxo (ATM) ee ugu dhow wuxuu ku yaal magaalada [[Mangochi]]. ===Gaadiidka=== Monkey Bay waxaa ku xira [[Lilongwe]] iyo [[Blantyre]] adeegyada basaska.<ref name="Shops"/> Garoonka diyaaradaha ee ugu dhow wuxuu ku yaal [[Ulongwe]], {{convert|49|mi|km||order=flip|abbr=on}} u jira.<ref name=FR/> Laba markab oo rakaab ah ayaa toddobaad kasta ku socdaalaya Harada Malawi inta u dhaxaysa Monkey Bay iyo [[Chilumba]]; ''[[MV Ilala]]'' iyo ''Mtendere''.<ref name="Telegraph Sail">{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/africaandindianocean/malawi/720923/Malawi-On-a-mission-in-Africa.html |title=Malawi: On a mission in Africa |accessdate=20 June 2008 |date=5 February 2001 |last=Rogers |first=Douglas |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |archive-date=5 Bisha Sagaalaad 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905110813/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/africaandindianocean/malawi/720923/Malawi-On-a-mission-in-Africa.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Ilala'' waa markab uumiga ku shaqeeya oo qaadi kara 350-rakkaab ah kaas oo ka shaqeynayay waddada tan iyo 1951-dii.<ref name="Guardian">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2001/apr/18/netjetters2000sam.netjetters1?page=2|title=Lake placid|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=20 June 2008|date=18 April 2001}}</ref> Bishii Maarso 2003, Midowga Yurub ayaa maalgeliyay horumarinta wadada isku xirta Monkey Bay iyo Masasa iyo Golomoti.<ref name="Engineering News">{{cite web|url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=33703|title=EU approves funding for Malawian road projects|accessdate=20 June 2008|last=Chimwala|first=Marcel|date=28 March 2003}}</ref> Bishii Febraayo 2006, dawladda Malawi waxay ku dhawaaqday qorshayaal ay ku dhisayso waddo ka timaada Monkey Bay ilaa Cape Maclear.<ref name="To Maclear">{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200602280116.html|title=Malawi: Investors, Tourists Wear Smile in Cape Maclear|work=[[AllAfrica]]|date=28 February 2006|accessdate=20 June 2008}}</ref> Bishii Maarso 2006, ma jirin waddo la maro oo Monkey Bay gasha, ka dib markii fatahaadihii ugu xumaa tan iyo 1978 ay qaadeen dhowr kiiloomitir oo waddo ah iyo buundo.<ref name="Mywire">{{cite web|url=http://www.mywire.com/pubs/AFP/2006/03/08/1270868?extID=10051|title= Flash floods in Malawi tourist haven leave 6,000 homeless|date=8 March 2006|accessdate=20 June 2008|publisher=[[Agence France Presse]]}}</ref> Roobabka ayaa lagu qiyaasay qiyaastii {{convert|158|mm|in}} waxaana dhowr kun oo qof oo ku nool [[Mangochi District|Degmada Mangochi]] ay ku waayeen guryahoodii.<ref name="Angola"/> ===Waxbarashada=== Dugsiga Katooliga ee Nankhwala wuxuu ku yaal Monkey Bay.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/tayside_and_central/7451251.stm|title= School cash for Malawi youngsters|access-date=20 June 2008|date=12 June 2006|work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> ===Caafimaadka=== Monkey Bay waxay leedahay cusbitaal, laakiin adeegyada caafimaad ma ahan kuwo baahsan; qaliinka iyo [[diagnostics|baaritaannada]] ayaa si kastaba ha atte ha laga heli karaa Monkey Bay.<ref name="Irish Medical Times">{{cite web |url=http://www.imt.ie/news/2008/06/life_as_a_gp_in_malawi_the_war.html |title=Life as a GP in Malawi —the warm heart of Africa |accessdate=20 June 2008 |date=10 June 2008 |last=Collins |first=Dr. Martina |work=[[Irish Medical Times]] |archive-date=2 Bisha Lixaad 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602011008/http://www.imt.ie/news/2008/06/life_as_a_gp_in_malawi_the_war.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Sharciga iyo militariga=== Monkey Bay waxay leedahay saldhig booliis. Waxa kale oo ay tahay xarunta dhexe ee ciidanka [[marine (military)|badda]] ee [[Army of Malawi|Ciidanka Malawi]] oo ka kooban 220 askari.<ref name="IOL">{{cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=84&art_id=nw20070410091551635C986579|title=Divers search for bodies in Lake Malawi|date=10 April 2008|accessdate=20 June 2008|work=[[Independent Online (South Africa)|Independent Online]]}}</ref><ref name="Naval Institute">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TJunjRvplU4C|title=The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft and Systems|accessdate=20 June 2008|year=2007|publisher=[[Naval Institute Press]]|last=Wertheim|first=Eric|authorlink=Eric Wertheim|isbn=978-1-59114-955-2|page=452}}</ref> ==Dalxiiska== Monkey Bay waxaa lagu tilmaamay inay tahay "goobta ugu caansan dalka" by ''[[Agence France-Presse]]'',<ref name="Mywire"/> iyo ''[[Factiva]]'' waxay Monkey Bay ku tilmaamaysaa "goobta dalxiis ee ugu caansan" ee Malawi.<ref name="Factiva">{{cite web|url=http://moreresults.factiva.com/results/index/index.aspx?ref=LQAF000020060310e23a000h3|title=Floods cause chaos in Malawi, Mozambique|date=10 March 2006|accessdate=20 June 2008|publisher=[[Factiva]]}}</ref> Aagga wuxuu leeyahay "xeebo ciid ah iyo kalluun kulaylaha ah",<ref name="Angola">{{cite web|url=http://www.angolapress-angop.ao/noticia-e.asp?ID=423875 |title=Heavy flooding causes havoc in Malawi |date=22 March 2008 |accessdate=20 June 2008 |work=AngolaPress }}</ref> wuxuuna caan ku yahay dalxiisayaasha.<ref name="IOL"/> Waxaa Monkey Bay ku yaal dugsiyo quusid, si kastaba ha atte ha, sida uu qabo Daily Telegraph, dugsiyada waxaa dalxiisayaashu u arkaan kuwo liita.<ref name="Telegraph diving">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/africaandindianocean/malawi/721218/Malawi-Flying-under-water.html?pageNum=3|title=Malawi: Flying under water|date=5 February 2001|accessdate=20 June 2008|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|last=Isaacson|first=Rupert}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Magaaladu waa sidoo kale goob laga sii maro [[Cape Maclear]]. ==Dadka== {| class="wikitable" ! Sannad ! Dadka<ref name="World Gazetteer">{{cite web|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&srt=pnan&col=dq&geo=-150|title=World Gazetteer: Malawi: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population|accessdate=20 June 2008|work=World Gazetteer|archive-date=18 Bisha Koobaad 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118111352/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&srt=pnan&col=dq&geo=-150|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Census2018">{{cite web|url=http://www.nsomalawi.mw/images/stories/data_on_line/demography/census_2018/2018%20Malawi%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf|title=2018 Population and Housing Census Main Report|publisher=Malawi National Statistical Office|accessdate=25 December 2019|archive-date=8 Bisha Lixaad 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608191931/http://www.nsomalawi.mw/images/stories/data_on_line/demography/census_2018/2018%20Malawi%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 1987 | 5,649 |- | 1998 | 10,749 |- | 2008 | 11,246 |- | 2018 | 14,955 |} == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist|2}} {{Authority control}} {{Coord|14|05|S| 34|55|E|region:MW_type:city|display=title}} ia1iglz44unllj5w3o24hhcgnxnu2q8 0 47914 309208 301243 2026-09-23T05:26:51Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309208 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox islands |name = Jasiiradda Limacos |native_name = {{native name|fr-DZ|Île de Rachgoun}}<br/>{{native name|ar-DZ|جزيرة رشقون}} |image_name = Rachgoun.GIF |coordinates = {{Coord|35|19|18|N|1|28|48|W|region:FR-CP_type:isle|display=inline,title}} |country = {{flagcountry|ALG}} |country_admin_divisions_title = [[Wilayah]] |country_admin_divisions = [[Aïn Témouchent Province|Aïn Témouchent]] |population = Dad la'aan |image_caption = Jasiiradda Limacos ama Rachgoun, oo ka baxsan xeebta Aljeeriya |area_ha = 66 |map_relief = 1 |map_image = | module = {{Designation list | embed = yes | designation1 = Ramsar | designation1_offname = Ile de Rachgoun | designation1_date = 5 Juun 2011 | designation1_number = 1961<ref name="RSIS">{{Cite web|title=Ile de Rachgoun|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1961|accessdate=November 14, 2024}}</ref>}} }} '''Jasiiradda Limacos''' ("slugs") ama '''Jasiiradda Caracoles''' ("snails"), oo qarnigii 16-aad looga yaqaanay Isbaanishka '''{{lang|es|Risgol}}'''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Asteroide |url=http://archive.org/details/SourcesIneditesDeLhistoireDuMaroc.T.II |title=Sources Inedites De L'histoire Du Maroc. T. II |date=1956}}</ref> iyo Faransiiska '''{{lang|fr|Île de Rachgoun}}'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carta de la Costa de España, desde Punta de Europa hasta Vera con la parte correspondiente de Africa desde Ceuta hasta Cabo Fégalo. H. 117A [Material cartográfico] / construida la costa de España con arreglo a los trabajos verificados por la Comision Hidrográfica al mando del Capitan de Fragata D. José Montojo y Salcedo, y la de Africa según las cartas francesas mas recientes; J. Riudavets la construyó; E. Perez la grabó; F. Serra gº la letra - Montojo y Salcedo, José - Material cartográfico impreso - 1877 |url=http://bdh.bne.es/bnesearch/detalle/91114 |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=bdh.bne.es |language=en}}</ref> ({{langx|ar|جزيرة رشقون|Jazira Rashqūn}}) waa [[islet|jasiirad yar]] oo Aljeeriya ah oo ku taal meel u dhow xeebta [[North Africa|Waqooyiga Afrika]]. Waxay leedahay aag dhan qiyaastii {{convert|66|ha}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The List of Wetlands of International Importance (the Ramsar List) |url=https://www.ramsar.org/document/the-list-of-wetlands-of-international-importance-the-ramsar-list |access-date=2022-06-10 |publisher=[[Ramsar Convention]] }}</ref> waana mid dad la'aan ah. Waxay ku taallaa afka [[Tafna River]], meesha ay ku taal magaalada [[Rachgoun|Rashgun]]. Waxay qiyaastii kala badh u dhaxaysaa [[Oran]] iyo [[Algeria–Morocco border|xuduudka u dhexeeya Aljeeriya iyo Marooko]]. Waxaa suugaan ahaan u qeexay, iyadoo ay la socdaan jasiirado kale oo ku yaalla xeebta [[Maghreb]], qoraaga [[Pedro Mata y Fontanet|Pedro Mata]] isagoo ku tilmaamay "mid ka mid ah bahallada badda ee waardiyaha ah ee ka xayuubiya dusha sare ee badda dhibco kala duwan" shaqadiisa [[1856]] {{lang|es|Los moros del Riff o el presidiario de las Alhucemas}}.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Fontanet |first1=Pedro Mata y |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pXz8UUsdE5wC&q=caracoles&pg=PA573 |title=Los Moros del riff: o el presidario de las Alhucemas |last2=Mata |first2=Pedro |date=1856 |publisher=Manini Hermanos |language=es }}</ref> Jasiiradda waxaa loo ilaaliyay inay tahay [[Ramsar site|goob Ramsar]] ilaa 2001.<ref name="RSIS"/> == Sharaxaad == Jasiiradda Limacos ama Rachgoun waxay ku taal afar kiiloomitir xeebta Afrika, hortooda afka [[Tafna River]], kaas oo samaysa bay ay xadiday [[Cape Acra]] oo dhanka bari ah iyo [[Cape Bocchus]] oo dhanka galbeed ah. Jasiiraddu waa asal ahaan foolkaan, waxayna ka kooban tahay [[Basalt|dhagaxyo basaltic ah]] iyo [[Pliocene]] [[sandstone|carro-dhagax]] koonfurta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Fiche descriptive sur les zones humides Ramsar (FDR)&thinsp;: Île de Rachgoun |trans-title=Descriptive record of Ramsar wetlands: Île de Rachgoun |url=http://sites.wetlands.org/reports/ris/1DZ050_RIS_June2011.pdf |access-date=2022-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101113219/http://sites.wetlands.org/reports/ris/1DZ050_RIS_June2011.pdf |archive-date=2013-11-01 |language=fr }}</ref> Waxay leedahay cimilada [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] oo [[semi-arid climate|qallalan-badh]], iyadoo ay isku beddelaan [[rainy season|xilli roobaad]] oo ah [[winter|jiilaal]] iyo [[dry season|xilli qallalan]] oo ah [[summer|xagaa]]. Roob yaraanta (300–500&nbsp;mm/sannadkii) waa cawaaqibka saamaynta "hooska" ee ay keeneen buuraha [[Morocco|Marooko]] ee [[Atlas Mountains|Atlas]] iyo [[Rif]] oo dhanka galbeed ah iyo [[Baetic System|nidaamyada buuraleyda ah ee koonfur-bari Isbaanishka]] oo dhanka waqooyi-galbeed ah, kuwaas oo ka hortagaya marinka dabaysha iyo samayska daruuraha ee ka imanaya [[storm|duufaannada]] Atlantic.<ref name=":1" /> Waxaa jira [[lighthouse|baarcad]] dhinaca waqooyi ah oo ay dhiseen [[France|Faransiiska]] sannadkii [[1870]]. == Dhirta iyo Xayawaanka == Jasiiradda Limacos ama Rachgoun waa mid dad la'aan ah oo ka madax bannaan cadaadiska tooska ah ee bini'aadamka. Waxay ku taal waddada ugu weyn ee socdaalka shimbiraha ee qaybta galbeed ee xeebta Aljeeriya. Waa goob gabbaad iyo buulasho u ah noocyada qaar ee shimbiraha u socdaala Eurasia iyo Afrika, sida [[Audouin's gull|Audouin's gull-ka]] iyo [[Eleonora's falcon|Eleonora's falcon-ka]].<ref name=":1" /> Sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah meelaha laga heli karo [[Mediterranean monk seal|Mediterranean monk seal-ka]].<ref name=":1" /> Tan iyo 2011 waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah [[Ramsar site|goobaha Ramsar]] ee Aljeeriya.<ref name=":0" /> Jasiiradda waxaa loo asteeyay [[Important Bird Area|Goob Shimbireed Muhiim ah]] (IBA) oo ay samaysay [[BirdLife International]] sababtoo ah [[bird colony|gumeysigeeda]] shimbiraha Audouin's gulls.<ref name=bli>{{cite web |url= https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/%C3%AEle-rachgoune-iba-algeria|title= Rachgoune|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2024|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 2024-10-26}}</ref> == Taariikh == [[File:Ile de Rechgoun (cropped).JPG|alt=Aragtida jasiiradda|thumb|Aragtida jasiiradda]] Waxaa lagu xusay inay tahay xarun joogto ah oo [[Phoenicia|Fenijiya]] ah inkastoo ay yar tahay iyo muuqata inay ka maqan yihiin ilaha nolosha.<ref>https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/CMPL/article/download/CMPL9696230359A/29873</ref> Sannadkii [[931]], jasiiraddu waxay noqotay gabbaad iyo qalcadda [[Idrisid dynasty|Idrisi]] [[al-Hasan ben Abi-l-Ays]]. Maraakiibta [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad]] ee califkii dhowaan lagu dhawaaqay ee [[al-Andalus]] [[Abd al-Rahman III]] ayaa loo diray —intooda badan dekedda [[Pechina]]— isaga si uu u dhibaateeyo Idrisi oo uu ku hareereeyo jasiiradda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maraakiibtan kuma sii socon karin hawlgalladii dhibaataynta ee jasiiradda waxayna ku qasbanaadeen inay ku noqdaan dekedda Andalus ee dayrtii [[932]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lirola Delgado |first=Jorge |url=https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/14103 |title=El poder naval de Al-Andalus en la época del califato omeya : (siglo IV hégira / X era cristiana) |date=1991 |publisher=Granada: Universidad de Granada |isbn=978-84-338-1478-4 |language=es |access-date=2026-06-25 |archive-date=2026-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260314151244/https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/14103 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Waxay u muuqataa in lagu sifeeyay {{lang|es|Derrotero de las costas de España en el Mediterráneo: y su correponido de Africa para inteligencia y uso de las cartas esféricas}}, oo uu qoray [[Vicente Tofiño de San Miguel]], agaasimaha shirkadaha ilaalada badda, oo la daabacay [[1787]]:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Miguel |first=Vicente Tofiño de San |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XZPgJnX780AC |title=Derrotero de las costas de España en el Mediterráneo, y su correspondiente de África para inteligencia y uso de las cartas esféricas... |date=1787 |publisher=En la imprenta de la viuda de Ibarra, Hijos y compañía |language=es}}</ref> {{Blockquote|text=At N. 50° E. 3 miles from this Cape is the Island of Limacos or Caracoles, of medium height, lying NS. a mile long and distant from land i the same distance. The small boats that go to load Tremecen bottom to the S. of the Island, although they recently sheltered, mooring to it with Cabo, and anchoring outside for 12 to 14 fathoms hard and somewhat dirty bottom, due to the great consistency of the bottom. that stays with the anchors, lacking the moorings and orinques at the time of setting sail. To the SE part. from the Island is the river of Tremecen with little water: between the Island and the river is an Islet the height of the hull of a Ship stretched from E W. the distance of a cable. Between him and the coast, which will be twice the distance, Galeotas can anchor in good weather. Wheat, wax, hides and wool are loaded into the river. Two cables away from the E. part of the mouth is a high and steep mountain with a tower, from whose shore a reef extends to the N. the distance of 2 cables, and for which it becomes precise when coming from lift dock the Isla de Caracoles.|author=Tofiño de San Miguel, 1787}} Limacos waxay ku taallaa boqol kiiloomitir galbeed ka xigta dhulkii hore ee Isbaanishka ee [[Oran]] iyo [[Mazalquivir]] —oo loo iibiyay [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] sannadkii [[1791]] boqor [[Charles IV of Spain|Carlos IV]]— waxaana jira xusid ah inay sidoo kale ahaan kartay hanti Isbaanish ah waagii hore,<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Otero |first=Eugenio Javier Mariñas |date=1998 |title=Las plazas menores de soberanía española en Africa |url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=813436 |journal=Militaria: Revista de cultura militar |issue=12 (III Jornadas de la Asociación de Amigos de los Museos Militares) |pages=141–168 |issn=0214-8765}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Miguel |first=Vicente Tofiño de San |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IYkyonOU7NYC&dq=isla+limacos&pg=PA146 |title=Derrotero de las costas de España en el Mediterraneo y su correspondiente de Africa |date=1787 |publisher=Vda. de Ibarra |language=es}}</ref> laakiin waxaa ka tagay waqti u dhexeeya qarnigii 18-aad iyo 19-aad. Jasiiradda waxaa qabsaday Oktoobar 1835 ciidanka Faransiiska, xaalad uu kula dagaalamay [[Emir Abdelkader|Abd al-Qádir]], oo ka soo horjeeda [[French Algeria|Faransiiska soo galay Aljeeriya]], iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in ay u adeegto sidii barta ilaalinta xeebaha iyo sidoo kale carqaladaynta sahayda hubka iyo rasaasta ee fallaagada ka soo horjeeda Faransiiska.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Antoine) |first=Rozet (M, Claude |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aTsQAAAAYAAJ |title=Algérie |date=1856 |publisher=Firmin Didot frères |language=fr}}</ref> Limacos sidoo kale waxaa lagu xusay inay tahay meel suurtagal ah oo kalluumeysi oo joogto ah oo loogu talagalay maraakiibta kalluumeysiga Isbaanishka intii lagu jiray qarniyadii 18-aad iyo horraantii 20-aad, kan dambe ayaa inta badan ka imanaya [[Tarifa]], [[Málaga]] iyo [[Altea]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hemeroteca Digital. Biblioteca Nacional de España |url=http://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/issue.vm?id=0003809462 |access-date=2022-06-11 |website=hemerotecadigital.bne.es}}</ref> [[File:Hitos de soberanía española (Emilio Pastor).png|thumb|Xuquuqda Isbaanishka ee Limacos waxaa lagu taxay khariidad 1950 ah oo ah "milestones of Spanish sovereignty" oo uu qoray [[Emilio Pastor y Santos]].|alt=Bogga buug oo leh khariidad adduunka madow-iyo-caddaan ah oo leh dhowr dhibcood oo xeebta ah. Qoraalku wuxuu ku leeyahay Isbaanish "Todos estos hitos de soberanía española, juntamente con los derechos que tiene España en Haifa (Palestina), islas Limacos o Caracoles y enclaves en Australia del Espíritu Santo, forman un cinturón o línea ecuatorial española alrededor del Globo"]] Inkasta oo jasiiradda laga tagay, waxaa jira sheegashooyin ku saabsan madaxbannaanida Isbaanishka ilaa qarnigii 20-aad, markii loo aqoonsaday "Isbaanish" 1906 [[Algeciras Conference]],<ref name=":2" /> iyo sidoo kale inay ka muuqato shuruucda iyo dukumentiyada Isbaanishka intii lagu jiray qarniyadii 19-aad iyo 20-aad.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cervantes |first=Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de |title=Escuela española. Año XV, núm. 765, 6 de octubre de 1955 {{!}} Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes |url=https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/escuela-espanola-2488/ |access-date=2022-06-11 |website=www.cervantesvirtual.com |language=es |archive-date=2022-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220611161716/https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/escuela-espanola-2488/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | chapter-url=https://bibliotecavirtual.defensa.gob.es/BVMDefensa/es/consulta/registro.do?id=66660 | title=Atlas de las costas de Europa y Africa en el Mediterráneo : Atlas Núm.1 | chapter=Carta Esférica de la Costa de España desde la Punta de Europa hasta Vera con la parte correspondiente de Africa desde Ceuta hasta la Isla Limacos o de Caracoles | year=1833 | publisher=Dirección Hidrográfica }}</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hadda, jasiiraddu waxay ku jirtaa madaxbannaanida Aljeeriya iyo sheegashooyinka iyo xusidda "Isbaanishnimada" ee jasiiradda ee dukumentiyada rasmiga ah ayaa si fudud u baaba'ay qarnigii 20-aad.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-09-16 |title=La españolidad de los islotes Limacos y Perejil |url=https://elfarodeceuta.es/la-espanolidad-de-los-islotes-limacos-y-perejil/ |access-date=2022-06-11 |website=El Faro de Ceuta |language=es}}</ref> Jasiiradda waxaa loo ilaaliyay inay tahay [[Ramsar site|goob Ramsar]] ilaa 2001.<ref name="RSIS"/> == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} mmy40x9hu282dt8y5yh56mz22vs0915 0 47942 308994 299445 2026-09-22T19:09:13Z Soalt 39618 [[category:Tansaaniya]] iyo [[Category:Webiyada]] 308994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webi Msimbazi | native_name = {{native name|sw|Mto Msimbazi}} | image = DEGRADATION FOR DEVELOPMENT.jpg | image_caption = Sariirta Webi Msimbazi oo loo isticmaalo ciid iyo goob qashin lagu qubo oo gadaal ka muuqata | source1_location = [[Kisarawe, Kisarawe District|Kisarawe]], [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]], Gobolka Pwani | source1_coordinates = <!--- {{coord|06|53|35|S|39|04|26|E}} Waxay u baahan tahay in la hubiyo ---> | mouth = [[Zanzibar Channel|Kanaalka Sansibaar]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|06|47|46|S|39|16|54|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_location = [[Upanga West]] & [[Hananasif]] | subdivision_type1 = Dal | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Tanzania}} | subdivision_type2 = Gobol | subdivision_name2 = [[Dar es Salaam Region|Gobolka Dar es Salaam]] & [[Pwani Region|Gobolka Pwani]] | subdivision_type3 = Degmo | subdivision_name3 = [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]], [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala]] & <br/> [[Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam|Kinondoni]] | subdivision_type4 = Degmooyin (Wards) | subdivision_name4 = [[Kwembe]], [[Kisarawe, Kisarawe District|Kisarawe]], <br/> [[Gongolamboto]], [[Pugu, Ilala|Pugu]],<br/> [[Ukonga]], [[Kipawa, Ilala|Kipawa]],<br/> [[Kinyerezi]], [[Segerea]],<br/> [[Vingunguti]], [[Tabata, Ilala|Tabata]],<br/> [[Buguruni]], [[Kigogo]],<br/> [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala]], [[Mchikichini]],<br/> [[Mzimuni]], [[Magomeni]],<br/>[[Upanga West]] & [[Hananasif]] | length_km = 35 | river_system = Dooxada Webi Msimbazi | basin_size_km2 = 271 | tributaries_left = Webi Sinza, Webi Lubungo (Ubungo), Webi Luhanga, Webi Kinyerezi, Webi Zimbiri, Webi Tandale iyo Webi Makurumla | tributaries_right = }} '''Webi Msimbazi''' (''Mto Mbezi'' ee af [[Swahili language|Sawaaxili]]) wuxuu ku yaallaa [[Dar es Salaam Region|Gobolka Dar es Salaam]] ee [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]]. Wuxuu ka bilaabmaa [[Kisarawe, Kisarawe District|degmada Kisarawe]], [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]] wuxuuna ugu dambeyntii ku shubmaa [[Zanzibar Channel|Kanaalka Sansibaar]] xadka degmada [[Upanga West]] ee [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala MC]] iyo degmada [[Hananasif]] ee [[Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam|Kinondoni MC]]. Dhererka Webi Msimbazi waa qiyaastii 35 kiiloomitir. Wuxuu u qulqulaa dhanka bari isagoo u gudbaya Kanaalka Sansibaar ee Badweynta Hindiya isagoo sii maraya Kaydka Kaymaha Pugu iyo Kazimzumbwi, isagoo ku biiraya webiyada Sinza, Ubungo, iyo Luhanga inta uu socdo.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |title=Dar es Salaam City Master Plan 2016-2036 |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611092338/https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Waa il muhiim ah oo biyo ah oo loo isticmaalo cabbitaanka, maydhashada, taageeridda warshadaha, beeraha, iyo ilaalinta deegaanka kuwa ku nool Gobolka Dar es Salaam tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhawaanahan, qashinka warshadaha iyo nidaamyada bullaacadaha aan la oggolayn ayaa halis gelinaya shaqooyinka bayoolojiga ah ee webiyadu qabtaan. Wasakhda biraha culus ee ka timaada warshadaha ayaa waxyeello u geysata faa'iidooyinka webiga marka loo eego shaqeynta iyo xitaa habka dhaqameed ee waraabinta beeraha khudradda.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |title=Dar es Salaam City Master Plan 2016-2036 |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611092338/https://www.lands.go.tz/uploads/documents/en/1544030560-dar-city-plan-v1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Juqraafiga== Webi Msimbazi iyo webi-gacmeedyadiisu waxay ka soo jeedaan [[Pugu Hills Forest Reserve|Pugu Hills]] iyo [[Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve|Kazimzumbwi]] Forest Reserves ee [[Kisarawe District, Pwani|Degmada Kisarawe]], Gobolka Pwani, waxayna maraan bartamaha Dar es Salaam ee [[Ilala District, Dar es Salaam|Ilala MC]]. [[File:Msimbazi-River-and-its-main-tributaries.png|thumb|Webi Msimbazi iyo webi-gacmeedyadiisa ugu waaweyn]] ===Dooxada webiga=== Iyada oo leh dhul dhan 271 km2, dooxada Msimbazi waxay ka kooban tahay qiyaastii shan meelood meel ka mid ah guud ahaan dhulka Dar es Salaam waxayna hoy u tahay qiyaastii 1.6 milyan oo qof (27% ka mid ah tirada guud ee dadka magaalada). Dooxada waxay ka fidsan tahay ilaha webiga ee [[Pugu Forest Reserve]] dhanka bari oo ka gudbaysa jiho sii magaalowday iyadoo webigu u dhowaanayo afka badda.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Dooxada hoose, oo ah daad-bax weyn iyo dhul-qoyan oo ku yaalla bartamaha Dar es Salaam oo u dhow bartamaha magaalada, waxay hore u ahayd kayn mangrove ah oo barwaaqo ah laakiin dhawaanahan waxay bilowday inay dhimato inkastoo ay weli taagan tahay. Meel u dhow meesha webigu badda kaga daro, laba ka mid ah afarta waddo ee waaweyn ee Dar es Salaam—oo ay ku jirto dariiqa ugu horreeya ee magaalada ee gaadiidka Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)—ayaa ka gudba daad-baxa ugu weyn. Bulshooyinka ku nool qaybaha hoose ee webiga, kuwaas oo inta badan leh dakhli liita oo ku nool guryo aan habaysnayn, waxay si weyn ugu tiirsan yihiin helitaanka fudud ee xarunta ganacsiga ee magaalada si ay u helaan nolol maalmeedkooda waxayna helaan adeegyada bulshada ee u dhow.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah ee taariikhiga ah iyo bacriminta=== Qaybaha sare iyo dhexe ee Msimbazi waxay horey u lahaayeen qayb weyn oo ka mid ah dhul-kaymeedka dabiiciga ah. Markii ay roobabku da'een, daboolka caleemaha ee cufan ayaa ka hortagay in ciidda hoose ay nabaad-guurto. In kasta oo webiyada sida Msimbazi aysan waligood taagnayn maadaama ay isbeddelaan si tartiib tartiib ah sanado badan iyo tobanaan sano, maqnaanshaha nabaad-guurka xad-dhaafka ah iyo dhoobeynta ayaa webiga ka dhigay mid xasiloon oo ku jira xaaladdiisa dabiiciga ah. Fatahaaddu waxay ahayd mid caadi ah intii lagu jiray 1800-kii iyo 1900-kii; Dhab ahaantii, bacriminta gobolka waxaa sabab u ah kaydka nafaqada leh ee [[flood|fatahaadaha]] hore ay ka tageen. Isticmaalka dhulka ku hareeraysan webiga ayaa bilaabay inuu isbeddelo si tartiib tartiib ah dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii iyo horraantii 1990-meeyadii taas oo ka dhalatay socdaalka miyiga-magaalada.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Roobabkii [[El Niño]] ee 1997–1998 ayaa inta badan la xusaa inay yihiin kiciyaha fatahaadaha masiibada ah ee Msimbazi. Tan iyo markaas, waxaa jiray dhacdooyin fatahaad oo waaweyn 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2017, iyo 2018. Dhacdooyinka fatahaadaha ayaa sidoo kale noqday kuwo joogto ah oo daran. Nidaamyada maaraynta dhulka iyo qorshaynta ayaan awoodin inay la socdaan kororka degdega ah. In kasta oo Dooxada Msimbazi loo aqoonsaday dhul halis ah Qorshaha Master-ka ee Dar es Salaam ee 1979 iyo aagga kaydka ah ee 60-mitir ah oo ka yimid calaamadda biyaha sare ee webiga waxaa aasaasay Xeerka Maareynta Deegaanka, xaddidaadaha isticmaalka dhulka ayaa inta badan aan la fulin. Khadadka jireed ee tilmaamaya aag halis ah ma joogin, iyo habka sharciga ah ee rasmiga ah ee samaynta sidaas ma aysan raacin.<ref>De Risi, Raffaele, et al. "Flood risk assessment for informal settlements." Natural hazards 69 (2013): 1003-1032.</ref><ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Hanjabaadaha== ===Wasakhda biraha=== Webi Msimbazi waxa uu soo maray hoos u dhac deegaan sannadihii la soo dhaafay, si la mid ah dhammaan marin-biyoodyada kale ee magaalada. Sediments ka yimid webiyada Dar waa wasakhaysan, iyadoo Msimbazi iyo Kizinga sediments webiga ay yihiin kuwa ugu wasakhaysan, sida uu qabo tusmada geo-accumulation, factor-ka wasakhaynta, heerka wasakhaynta, heerka wax laga beddelay ee wasakhaynta, tusmada wasakhaynta suurtagalka ah, iyo quotient sunta deegaanka. Tani waa run xitaa haddii factor-ka hodantinimada uu muujinayo heerar kala duwan oo wasakhda birta culus ee webiyada. <ref>Mihale, Matobola J. "Metal contamination in sediments of coastal rivers around Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." Huria: Journal of the Open University of Tanzania 27.2 (2021).</ref> [[Toxic heavy metal|Wasakhda biraha]] heerar loogu talagalay [[Cadmium|Cd]], [[Lead|Pb]], [[Chromium|Cr]], [[Nickel|Ni]], [[Copper|Cu]], [[Aluminium|Al]], [[Manganese|Mn]], [[Iron|Fe]], iyo [[Zinc|Zn]] ayaa lagu qiimeeyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo sediments ka yimid webiyada xeebaha Kizinga, Mbezi, Msimbazi, iyo Mzinga. Webi Msimbazi wuxuu haystay inta badan qaddarka sare ee Cd, Pb, Cr, Al, Mn, Fe, iyo Zn. Webi Kizinga wuxuu leeyahay qiyamka Ni iyo Cu sare, laakiin Webi Mbezi wuxuu lahaa heerar Mn sare. Webi Mzinga wuxuu ka kooban yahay xaddiga ugu yar ee biraha guud ahaan, marka laga reebo Mn. Webi Kizinga wuxuu lahaa heerar mn ugu hooseeya.<ref>Mihale, Matobola J. "Metal contamination in sediments of coastal rivers around Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." Huria: Journal of the Open University of Tanzania 27.2 (2021).</ref> ===Jir-goynta iyo magaalaynta aan la xakameyn=== Biyo-mareenka duufaantu wuu koray Dooxada Msimbazi taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay awoodda haynta biyaha dabiiciga ah oo hoos u dhacday sababo la xiriira hawlaha aadanaha, gaar ahaan [[deforestation|jarista kaymaha]] iyo [[urbanization|magaalaynta]]. Sababta ugu weyn ee kordhinta soo noqnoqoshada fatahaadaha ee webiyada iyo durdurrada ka kooban nidaamka webiga ayaa sabab u ah tan. Daboolka geedaha ee Dooxada ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacay. Si loogu sameeyo meel loogu talagalay beeraha, koritaanka magaalooyinka, iyo shidaalka cunnada, geedaha waa la jaray iyadoo heerar argagax leh, iyadoo ka tagaysa dhul-baadiye leh kaliya 10% awoodda kaynta ee ciidda-dejinta iyo dhexgelinta biyaha roobka. Sida laga soo xigtay hal daraasad oo ku taal isha webiga, daboolka [[forest canopy|kaynta]] ee xiran ee Pugu iyo Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserves ayaa hoos u dhacay in ka badan rubuc (25 iyo 31%, siday u kala horreeyaan) muddo 15 sano ah. In ka yar 400 oo ka mid ah 2,180 hektar ee Pugu iyo Kazimzumbwi reserve waxaa loo qaadan karaa kayn dhab ah, taas oo muujinaysa in inta badan daboolka kaynta dhab ahaantii laga saaray. Si la mid ah tan, kaliya 900 oo ka mid ah 4,887 hektar ee Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve ayaa hadda loo kala saari karaa kayn dhab ah.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Xididdada hawada ee [[mangrove|mangroves]]-ka ayaa la aasay taas oo ka dhalatay dhoobeynta muhiimka ah ee Webi Msimbazi, "neef-qabatin" tani waxay saameyn xun ku leedahay caafimaadka geedaha. Maadaama aysan hadda u sii fidsanayn ilaa [[Jangwani]] Bridge, hirarka sare hadda waxay yimaadaan kaliya dhowr boqol oo mitir oo xeebta ah. Sababo la xiriira ururinta dhoobada ilaa dherer ka sarreeya heerka hirarka, in badan oo ka mid ah gobolka dhul-qoyan ee ku hareeraysan marin-biyoodka webiga ayaa qallalan xitaa inta lagu jiro hirarka sare. Natiijadu waxay tahay in mangroves-ka gudaha ay awoodi waayaan inay helaan biyaha badda, qaybo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah kaynta mangrove way engegeen. Waxaa jira macluumaad yari oo ku saabsan xaaladda kaydka kaynta mangrove. Aagga la ilaaliyo ee mangrove si rasmi ah looma qeexin, in kasta oo ay ilaalinayso Xeerka Kaynta ee 2002 iyo mamnuucida jarista mangroves si adag ayaa loo fuliyaa.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Wasakhaynta=== Hababka qubista qashinka fayadhowrka ee aan nidaamsanayn ayaa si weyn u wasakheeya biyaha fatahaadaha. Baahida loo qabo in si sharci-darro ah loogu daadiyo webiyada iyo dhul-qoyan ayaa lagu xaqiijiyay wareysiyo lala yeeshay NGO-yo iyo shirkado diiradda saara fayadhowrka. Hab kale oo caadi ah oo lagu madhiyo ayaa ah in si ula kac ah loo fataho ama loo furo musqulaha inta lagu jiro roobabka culus, taas oo ka saarta saxarada godka oo u gelisa bulshooyinka u dhow iyo marin-biyoodyada. Webi Msimbazi wuxuu leeyahay qulqulo aad u yar inta lagu jiro xilliga abaarta, tanina waxay biyaha ka dhigtaa kuwo aad u wasakhaysan. Qashinka warshadaha iyo wasakhaynta ayaa burburiyay nidaamka deegaanka biyaha macaan; qaybo waaweyn oo webiga ka mid ah awood uma laha inay taageeraan dadka kalluunka ee halkaas joogay ilaa dhawaan.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Qaybaha ugu wasakhaysan ee Msimbazi ee ka hooseeya [[Vingunguti]] iyo webi-gacmeedyadiisa waxay lahaayeen heerar [[pH]] ilaa 12 (marka la barbar dhigo heerka sharciga ee 8.5), heer sababa gubasho daran oo maqaarka ah, iyo Chromium (VI) 75 jeer ka sarreeya xadka sharciga ee loogu talagalay daadinta biyaha wasakhda ah. [[Chromium VI]] waa sun aad u daran waxayna sababi kartaa kansar iyo cillado dhalasho oo leh soo-gaadhis dheer. Caddaynta [[Feces|saxarada]] wasakhaynta oo aad uga khatar badan waxa Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka u arko inay ammaan u yihiin in loo isticmaalo beeraha.<ref>Sawe, Shovi Furaeli, Daniel Abel Shilla, and John Ferdinand Machiwa. "Lead (Pb) contamination trends in Msimbazi estuary reconstructed from 210Pb-dated sediment cores (Msimbazi River, Tanzania)." Environmental Forensics 22.1-2 (2021): 99-107.</ref><ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Barkadaha xasilinta biyaha wasakhda ah ee degmada ee Vingunguti, warshadaha dharka iyo warshadaha kale, meelaha lagu gowraco, dhoobada ka timaada goobaha qashinka ee hore, bullaacadaha iyo dheecaanka ka yimaada guryaha u dhow ee si toos ah ugu qulqula webiga Msimbazi, musqulaha godka ee daadiya qashinka ama fataha inta lagu jiro roobabka, gaadiidka (saliidda iyo gaaska), qulqulka beeraha ([[pesticide|sunta cayayaanka]], [[fertilizer|bacriminta]]), iyo qashinka adag ee si toos ah loogu shubo webiyada waa qaar ka mid ah ilaha wasakhaynta webiga. Dhibaatada caafimaad ee sanadka oo dhan waa tayada biyaha oo liidata. Dooxada webiga, boqolaal beeralay ah ayaa beerta khudradda caleenta leh iyo khudaar kale, iyo beeraha waxaa lagu waraabiyaa ceelal gacmeed.<ref>Kihampa, Charles, and William JS Mwegoha. "Heavy metals accumulation in vegetables grown along the Msimbazi River in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4.6 (2010).</ref> Wax soo saarka waxaa lagu iibiyaa jumlad dhexdhexaadiyeyaal ah kuwaas oo markaa ku qaybiya dhammaan Dar es Salaam.<ref>Kimera, Zuhura I., et al. "Occurrence of EBSL and quinolone resistance genes among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from poultry, domestic pigs and environment in the Msimbazi River Basin in Tanzania." (2022).</ref><ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |title=Mashruuca Horumarinta Dooxada Msimbazi |publisher=Dowladda [[Tanzania|Tansaaniya]] |access-date=2023-08-07 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318092023/https://www.tamisemi.go.tz/storage/app/uploads/public/61c/57d/784/61c57d784b99b212200867.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Tixraacyo== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[category:Tansaaniya]] [[Category:Webiyada]] hoj7an9eli55z3o8ynopkil74a85guz 0 48050 308992 300844 2026-09-22T18:58:07Z Soalt 39618 [[Category:Botswana]] iyo [[Category:Webiyada]] 308992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Motloutse | image = | image_size = | image_alt = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = | source1_location = | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|-22.225488|29.017614|display=inline,title}} | progression = | subdivision_type1 = Dal | subdivision_name1 = Botswana | location = | length = | source1_elevation = | mouth_elevation = | discharge1_avg = | basin_size_km2 = 19053 | river_system = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = }} {{location map|Botswana|caption=Goobta uu ku yaallo Botswana| relief= yes| lat_deg=-22.225488|lon_deg= 29.017614}} '''Webiga Motloutse''' waa webi ku yaalla Botswana, waana gacan-biyoodka [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]]. Aagga biyaha qabta waa {{convert|19053|km2}}. [[Letsibogo Dam|Biya-xireenka Letsibogo]] oo ku yaalla Motloutse ayaa loo dhisay si uu ugu adeego magaalada warshadaha leh ee [[Selebi-Phikwe]] iyo meelaha deegaanka ee ku xeeran, iyada oo leh awood loo isticmaali karo waraabka.{{sfn|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} == Deegaanka == Sahankii goobta ee la sameeyay bishii Janaayo 1989, ka hor inta aan la dhisin biya-xireenka, ayaa diiwaangeliyay 120 nooc oo shimbiro ah, badidooduna ay yihiin cayayaan yar yar. Tiro aad u badan oo shimbiro biyo-mareen ah ayaa laga helay sababtoo ah joogitaanka balliyo joogto ah oo ku yaalla webiga Motloutse ee hoos u dhaca isku-biiriddiisa [[Letlhakane river|Webiga Letlhakane]]. Noocyada shimbiraha ayaa guud ahaan caadi u ahaa gobolka.{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=11}} Ka hor inta aan la dhisin biya-xireenka, shan ama in ka badan oo noocyo kalluun ah oo hormood ah ayaa u haajiri jiray kor u qulqulka Webiga Limpopo una geli jiray Webiga Motloutse intii lagu jiray fatahaadaha. Biya-xireenka Letsibogo ayaa la filayay inuu taageero dad kalluun oo joogto ah oo la mid ah kan [[Shashe Dam|Biya-xireenka Shashe]].{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=12}} == Khayraadka biyaha == Celceliska roobabka sannadlaha ah waa {{convert|430|mm}}, halka celceliska suurtagalka ah ee uumi-baxa sannadlaha ah uu yahay {{convert|2000|mm}}.{{sfn|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} Kala duwanaanshahaas awgeed, webigu waa webi ciid ah oo ku-meel-gaar ah oo leh qulqulka dusha sare oo keliya inta lagu jiro xilliga roobka.{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=3}} Roobabku sidoo kale waa kuwo aad u doorsooma, iyadoo ka hooseeya 40% celceliska roobabka sannadlaha ah ee la filayo hal sano toddobadii sanaba mar.{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=10}} Celceliska qulqulka sannadlaha ah waa {{convert|111000000|m3}}.{{sfn|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} == Khayraadka macdanta == Macdan-qodista dahabka ee weheliya webiyada Motloutse iyo Limpopo ayaa bilaabmay qiyaastii 1200 [[CE]], waqtigii ay [[Great Zimbabwe]] kor u kacday si ay u noqoto awood goboleed.{{sfn|Denbow|Thebe|2006|p=27}} ayaa la helay 1860-kii shaqooyinkii hore ee u dhow [[Francistown]], waqooyiga webiga, taas oo keentay duufaantii ugu horreysay ee dahabka ee Afrika.{{sfn|Denbow|Thebe|2006|p=29}} Dheemman-tii ugu horreysay ee la xaqiijiyay ee laga helo Botswana waxay ahaayeen saddex dhagax oo yaryar oo la helay 1959-kii oo ay heshay Central African Selection Trust oo ku yaalla quruuruxda Webiga Motloutse meel u dhow [[Foley Siding]]. Kooxdii heshay dheemanka ayaa baartay webiga ilaa ilaha biyaha, laakiin ma aysan helin il la aamini karo. == Tixraacyo == '''Xigashooyin''' {{reflist |colwidth=30em}} '''Isha''' {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |url=http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/oppdragsmelding/320.pdf |last=Bevanger |first=Kjetil |title=The North-South Carriér Water Project in Botswana |location=Trondheim |date=December 1994 |isbn=82-426-0531-9 |access-date=2012-09-17 |archive-date=2021-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628184534/http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/oppdragsmelding/320.pdf |url-status=dead }} *{{cite journal |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/19473363/First-Diamonds-in-Botswana |title=First diamonds in Botswana |journal=Rough Diamond Review |date=September 2004 |last=Daniels|first=Dr Leon |access-date=2012-09-17}} *{{cite book |last1=Denbow|first1=James Raymond|last2=Thebe|first2=Phenyo C.|title=Culture And Customs of Botswana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ycoVZ-DfrYC&pg=PA27|access-date=2012-09-17 |year=2006|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33178-7}} *{{cite web |ref={{harvid|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y5744e/y5744e07.htm |author=FAO Subregional Office for Southern and East Africa Harare |publisher=FAO |title=Drought impact mitigation and prevention in the Limpopo River Basin |year=2004 |access-date=2012-09-17}} {{refend}} [[Category:Botswana]] [[Category:Webiyada]] k61171oqz3445pqfeqk1ydgz6zapz60 308993 308992 2026-09-22T19:01:15Z Soalt 39618 isku xidh bogag 308993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Motloutse | image = | image_size = | image_alt = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = | source1_location = | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|-22.225488|29.017614|display=inline,title}} | progression = | subdivision_type1 = Dal | subdivision_name1 = Botswana | location = | length = | source1_elevation = | mouth_elevation = | discharge1_avg = | basin_size_km2 = 19053 | river_system = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = }} {{location map|Botswana|caption=Goobta uu ku yaallo Botswana| relief= yes| lat_deg=-22.225488|lon_deg= 29.017614}} '''Webiga Motloutse''' waa webi ku yaalla [[Botswana]], waana gacan-biyoodka [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]]. Aagga biyaha qabta waa {{convert|19053|km2}}. [[Letsibogo Dam|Biya-xireenka Letsibogo]] oo ku yaalla Motloutse ayaa loo dhisay si uu ugu adeego magaalada warshadaha leh ee [[Selebi-Phikwe]] iyo meelaha deegaanka ee ku xeeran, iyada oo leh awood loo isticmaali karo waraabka.{{sfn|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} == Deegaanka == Sahankii goobta ee la sameeyay bishii Janaayo 1989, ka hor inta aan la dhisin biya-xireenka, ayaa diiwaangeliyay 120 nooc oo shimbiro ah, badidooduna ay yihiin cayayaan yar yar. Tiro aad u badan oo shimbiro biyo-mareen ah ayaa laga helay sababtoo ah joogitaanka balliyo joogto ah oo ku yaalla webiga Motloutse ee hoos u dhaca isku-biiriddiisa [[Letlhakane river|Webiga Letlhakane]]. Noocyada shimbiraha ayaa guud ahaan caadi u ahaa gobolka.{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=11}} Ka hor inta aan la dhisin biya-xireenka, shan ama in ka badan oo noocyo kalluun ah oo hormood ah ayaa u haajiri jiray kor u qulqulka Webiga Limpopo una geli jiray Webiga Motloutse intii lagu jiray fatahaadaha. Biya-xireenka Letsibogo ayaa la filayay inuu taageero dad kalluun oo joogto ah oo la mid ah kan [[Shashe Dam|Biya-xireenka Shashe]].{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=12}} == Khayraadka biyaha == Celceliska roobabka sannadlaha ah waa {{convert|430|mm}}, halka celceliska suurtagalka ah ee uumi-baxa sannadlaha ah uu yahay {{convert|2000|mm}}.{{sfn|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} Kala duwanaanshahaas awgeed, webigu waa webi ciid ah oo ku-meel-gaar ah oo leh qulqulka dusha sare oo keliya inta lagu jiro xilliga roobka.{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=3}} Roobabku sidoo kale waa kuwo aad u doorsooma, iyadoo ka hooseeya 40% celceliska roobabka sannadlaha ah ee la filayo hal sano toddobadii sanaba mar.{{sfn|Bevanger|1994|p=10}} Celceliska qulqulka sannadlaha ah waa {{convert|111000000|m3}}.{{sfn|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} == Khayraadka macdanta == Macdan-qodista [[Dahab|dahabka]] ee weheliya webiyada Motloutse iyo Limpopo ayaa bilaabmay qiyaastii 1200 [[CE]], waqtigii ay [[Great Zimbabwe]] kor u kacday si ay u noqoto awood goboleed.{{sfn|Denbow|Thebe|2006|p=27}} ayaa la helay 1860-kii shaqooyinkii hore ee u dhow [[Francistown]], waqooyiga webiga, taas oo keentay duufaantii ugu horreysay ee dahabka ee [[Afrika]].{{sfn|Denbow|Thebe|2006|p=29}} Dheemman-tii ugu horreysay ee la xaqiijiyay ee laga helo Botswana waxay ahaayeen saddex dhagax oo yaryar oo la helay 1959-kii oo ay heshay Central African Selection Trust oo ku yaalla quruuruxda Webiga Motloutse meel u dhow [[Foley Siding]]. Kooxdii heshay dheemanka ayaa baartay webiga ilaa ilaha biyaha, laakiin ma aysan helin il la aamini karo. == Tixraacyo == '''Xigashooyin''' {{reflist |colwidth=30em}} '''Isha''' {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |url=http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/oppdragsmelding/320.pdf |last=Bevanger |first=Kjetil |title=The North-South Carriér Water Project in Botswana |location=Trondheim |date=December 1994 |isbn=82-426-0531-9 |access-date=2012-09-17 |archive-date=2021-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628184534/http://www.nina.no/archive/nina/PppBasePdf/oppdragsmelding/320.pdf |url-status=dead }} *{{cite journal |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/19473363/First-Diamonds-in-Botswana |title=First diamonds in Botswana |journal=Rough Diamond Review |date=September 2004 |last=Daniels|first=Dr Leon |access-date=2012-09-17}} *{{cite book |last1=Denbow|first1=James Raymond|last2=Thebe|first2=Phenyo C.|title=Culture And Customs of Botswana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ycoVZ-DfrYC&pg=PA27|access-date=2012-09-17 |year=2006|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33178-7}} *{{cite web |ref={{harvid|FAO Subregional Office ... 2004}} |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y5744e/y5744e07.htm |author=FAO Subregional Office for Southern and East Africa Harare |publisher=FAO |title=Drought impact mitigation and prevention in the Limpopo River Basin |year=2004 |access-date=2012-09-17}} {{refend}} [[Category:Botswana]] [[Category:Webiyada]] 0evnf71pw3axpqhre09ihe7k4ouzpx7 0 48132 308997 300176 2026-09-22T19:14:03Z Soalt 39618 [[Category:Benin]] iyo [[Category:Webiyada]] 308997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Sota | image = River Niger Tributaries from Benin OSM.png | image_caption = Waqooyiga Benin iyadoo Sota ay ku taallo bartamaha | source1_location = Meel u dhow [[Ndali, Benin|Ndali]], [[Borgou Department]] | mouth_location = [[Webiga Niger]] at [[Malanville]] | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[Benin]] | length_km = 250 | source1_elevation = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|31|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | basin_size_km2 = 13650 }} '''Sota''' waa webi ku yaalla waqooyiga [[Benin]] kaas oo qulqula waaxyaha [[Borgou Department|Borgou]] iyo [[Alibori Department|Alibori]]. Waa qayb ka mid ah [[Webiga Niger]] waxaana [[Webiga Tassiné]] uu ka mid yahay qaybaha uu ka samaysmo. Webigu waa qiyaastii {{convert|250|km|abbr=on}} dhererkiisu wuxuuna daboolaa aag ballaaran oo dhan {{convert|13650|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/t0360e/T0360E02.htm |title=COUNTRY FILES – SIFRA BOOK 2 – BENIN |publisher=Waaxda Kalluumeysiga iyo Beerashada Biyaha, [[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|FAO]] |accessdate=2015-09-15}}</ref> ==Juqraafi== Sota waxay ka soo koraa waqooyi-bari magaalada [[Ndali, Benin|Ndali]] ee Gobolka Borgou. Webigu wuxuu u ordaa dhanka waqooyi-waqooyi-bari wuxuuna ugu shubaa [[Webiga Niger]] at [[Malanville]]. ==Roobabka== Roobabka sanadlaha ah ayaa laga diiwaan geliyay dhowr saldhig oo ku yaalla wabiga Sota: *[[Ségbana|Segbana]] (bartamaha-bari ee wabiga, meel u dhow xadka Nigeria): {{convert|1177.4|mm|abbr=on}} oo ku faafay muddo 53 maalmood ah. *[[Kandi, Benin|Kandi]] (bartamaha-galbeed ee wabiga): {{convert|1055.1|mm|abbr=on}}, oo ku faafay muddo 80 maalmood ah *[[Malanville]] (dhamaadka waqooyi ee wabiga marka uu ku biiro Niger): {{convert|919.9|mm|abbr=on}} muddo 53 maalmood ah Waxaa meel walba ka jira roobab aad u badan laga bilaabo Luulyo ilaa Sebteembar (xagaaga boreal), taas oo keenta fatahaado rabshad leh, laakiin dhimista ayaa ah xilli abaareed daran laga bilaabo Disembar ilaa Abriil.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www-naweb.iaea.org/nafa/ipc/public/ipc-annex3-tsetse.pdf |title=Scénarios de lutte contre les trypanosomes en Afrique occidentale (annexe 3 page 14) - 2001 |language=Faransiis |format=PDF |accessdate=2008-03-04 |archive-date=2012-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215030045/http://www-naweb.iaea.org/nafa/ipc/public/ipc-annex3-tsetse.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Biyo-xisaabeedka== Qulqulka webiga ayaa la arkayay muddo 40 sano ah (1953–1992) xarunta biyaha ee [[Couberi]], oo ku taal meel u dhow isgoyska uu la leeyahay Webiga Niger ee Malanville. Couberi, qulqulka sanadlaha ah ee celceliska ama la arkay muddadan wuxuu ahaa {{convert|31|m3/s|abbr=on}} aagga oo lagu xisaabtamayo {{convert|9111|to|13,410|km2|abbr=on}}. Celceliska qulqulka billaha ah ee la arkay laga bilaabo Febraayo ilaa Abriil waa laga bilaabo {{convert|3.7|–|3.9|m3/s|abbr=on}}, taas oo aad u cajiib ah Afrika iyada oo la raacayo go'aankeeda, iyada oo webiyada kale ee gobolka ay si joogto ah u dhacaan si ku filan oo ay ugu dhowaadaan inay qallalaan xilliga abaarta. Waa run in heerka roobka ee {{convert|900|–|1200|mm|abbr=on}} sanadkii uu aad u joogto yahay. Muddada indha-indheynta ee 40 sano, qulqulka billaha ah ee ugu yar wuxuu ahaa {{convert|2|m3/s|abbr=on}} halka qulqulka billaha ah ee ugu badan uu gaaray {{convert|358|m3/s|abbr=on}} kaas oo ka badan qulqulka celceliska [[Seine]] ee [[Paris]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.grdc.sr.unh.edu/html/Polygons/P1734600.html |title=GRDC - La Sota à Couberi |accessdate=2008-03-04}}</ref> ;Celceliska qulqulka billaha ah ee Sota (m³/s (cu ft/s)) oo lagu cabbiray saldhigga biyaha ee Couberi. (Xogta lagu xisaabiyay 40 sano) <timeline> Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.8) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.3) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.8,0.9) ImageSize = width:600 height:280 PlotArea = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:140 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:20 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:10 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:Jan text:Jan. bar:Feb text:Feb. bar:Mar text:March bar:Apr text:April bar:May text:May bar:Jun text:June bar:Jul text:July bar:Aug text:August bar:Sep text:Sept. bar:Oct text:Oct. bar:Nov text:Nov. bar:Dec text:Dec. PlotData= color:barra width:30 align:left bar:Jan from:0 till: 4.6 bar:Feb from:0 till: 3.7 bar:Mar from:0 till: 3.9 bar:Apr from:0 till: 3.8 bar:May from:0 till: 6.4 bar:Jun from:0 till: 10.3 bar:Jul from:0 till: 26.1 bar:Aug from:0 till: 74.4 bar:Sep from:0 till: 139.6 bar:Oct from:0 till: 74.4 bar:Nov from:0 till: 16.0 bar:Dec from:0 till: 5.9 PlotData= bar:Jan at: 4.6 fontsize:S text: 4.6 shift:(-10,5) bar:Feb at: 3.7 fontsize:S text: 3.7 shift:(-10,5) bar:Mar at: 3.9 fontsize:S text: 3.9 shift:(-10,5) bar:Apr at: 3.8 fontsize:S text: 3.8 shift:(-10,5) bar:May at: 6.4 fontsize:S text: 6.4 shift:(-10,5) bar:Jun at: 10.3 fontsize:S text: 10.3 shift:(-10,5) bar:Jul at: 26.1 fontsize:S text: 26.1 shift:(-10,5) bar:Aug at: 74.4 fontsize:S text: 74.4 shift:(-10,5) bar:Sep at: 139.6 fontsize:S text: 139.6 shift:(-10,5) bar:Oct at: 74.4 fontsize:S text: 74.4 shift:(-10,5) bar:Nov at: 16.0 fontsize:S text: 16.0 shift:(-10,5) bar:Dec at: 5.9 fontsize:S text: 5.9 shift:(-10,5) </timeline> == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == * [http://www-naweb.iaea.org/nafa/ipc/public/ipc-annex3-tsetse.pdf www-naweb.iaea.org] {{Wayback|url=http://www-naweb.iaea.org/nafa/ipc/public/ipc-annex3-tsetse.pdf |date=20120215030045 }} {{in lang|fr}} {{Coord|11.875|3.406|display=title}} [[Category:Benin]] [[Category:Webiyada]] eqm4pxcf9pdzblvytslc0ehccjlact9 0 48524 309239 300697 2026-09-23T10:32:56Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Klip | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other =Kliprivier | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Henley on Klip - Klip River.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa Gauteng | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Gauteng]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Vaal River|Webiga Vaal]] ee [[Vereeniging]] | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|26|40|15|S|27|57|15|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|1414|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = |pushpin_map_relief=yes}} '''Webiga Klip''' (ama af [[Afrikaans|Afrikaan]] ahaan: '''Kliprivier'''|oo macnaheedu yahay Webiga Dhagaxa) waa webiga ugu weyn ee qaada biyaha qaybta [[Johannesburg]] ee koonfurta [[Witwatersrand]], dooxadiisa ururinta biyahana waxay ka kooban tahay [[Johannesburg CBD|Bartamaha Ganacsiga ee Johannesburg]] iyo [[Soweto]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ceroi.net/reports/johannesburg/csoe/images/scan/KLIPRIVE.GIF |title=Klip Basin map |access-date=2014-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050505170929/http://ceroi.net/reports/johannesburg/csoe/images/scan/KLIPRIVE.GIF |archive-date=2005-05-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Afka webigu wuxuu ku yaal [[Vereeniging]] halkaas oo uu ku dhex shubmo [[Vaal River|Webiga Vaal]],<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA8UpperVaal.jpg Upper Vaal Basin map, Government of South Africa]</ref> kaas oo ah laan ka tirsan [[Orange River|Webiga Orange]]. Marka laga reebo Vereeniging, magaalooyinka kale ee ku yaal hareeraha webiga waxaa ka mid ah [[Henley on Klip]], [[Lenasia]] iyo [[Meyerton, Gauteng|Meyerton]]. == Biyo-xireenka Kidson == '''Biyo-xireenka Kidson''' (Kidson Weir) waa [[weir|biyo-xireen yar]] oo ku yaal tuulada Henley on Klip ee ku taal Webiga Klip ee [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]], waxaana loogu magac daray Fenning Kidson oo ahaa wiil uu awow u yahay gumeystihii [[1820 Settlers|reer deegaankii 1820]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Kidson Weir - Henley on Klip - Water Dams on Waymarking.com|url=http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM9GNT_Kidson_Weir_Henley_on_Klip|publisher=Groundspeak, Inc.|accessdate=24 April 2012}}</ref> [[File:Kidson Wier in Henley on Klip.jpg|thumb|Biyo-xireenka Kidson - [[Henley on Klip]]]] [[File:Flooding at the Kidson Weir - January 2010.JPG|thumb|Fatahaad ka dhacday Biyo-xireenka Kidson - Janaayo 2010]] [[File:Flooding at the Kidson Weir, Dec 2010.JPG|thumb|Fatahaad ka dhacday Biyo-xireenka Kidson - Diseembar 2010]] === Taariikhda === Fenning wuxuu wax ku bartay England, laakiin wuxuu isagoo dhalinyaro ah u soo laabtay Koonfur Afrika wuxuuna noqday rasiid gaadiidka u rira, oo xilli isku mid ah ahaa Sir [[James Percy FitzPatrick|Percy FitzPatrick]]. Muddo yar ka dib markii uu qarxay [[Anglo Boer War|Dagaalkii Anglo-Boer]], waxaa Kidson u timid calaamad muujinaysa in ciidan ay ku soo jeedaan beertiisa si ay u xiraan. Isagoo indhaha Boers-ka heryaya ayuu ka baxsaday, isagoo ku socda koore-dhinaceed, jirkiisii baaxadda weynna ku tuujiyay dhar-faras-fuulka ee xaaskiisa. Ugu dambeyntii wuxuu u sii gudbay dhanka [[Colony of Natal|Natal]], laakiin wuxuu ku laabtay [[Transvaal Province|Transvaal]] dagaalka ka dib, isagoo degay [[Henley on Klip]] iyo xaaskiisa, Edith. Guriga qoyska waxaa loo bixiyay Tilham, kaas oo ah guriga weyn ee ku yaal webiga ee geeska Wadooyinka Regatta iyo Shillingford.<ref>{{cite web|title=Henley on Klip|url=http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/SOUTH-AFRICA/2004-09/1095156939 |publisher=The South Entertainment, September 2004, Issue No.59|accessdate=20 June 2017}}</ref> === Maanta === Bishii Diseembar 2010, tuulada Henley on Klip waxay la kulantay fatahaado culus, ka dibna, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la sameeyo shaqooyin lagu hagaajinayo biyo-xireenka yar. Bishii Janaayo 2012 shaqada ayaa ka bilaabatay dayactirka tubooyinka ee dhanka galbeed ee biyo-xireenka. Bishii Maarso 2012 qorshayaal ayaa la dejinayay si loo dhiso buundo cusub oo ka gudubta biyo-xireenka.<ref>{{cite web|title=Henley on Klip|url=http://www.henleyherald.co.za/.cm4all/iproc.php/November.pdf?cdp=a|publisher=The Henley Herald|accessdate=20 June 2017}}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=MIDVAAL APPROVES A BUDGET OF R930 MILLION FOR 2012/2013|url=http://www.midvaal.gov.za/files/newsletters/Newsletter%20Final%20-%20individual%20pages%20(3rd%20edition%202012).pdf|publisher=Midvaal Local Municipality|accessdate=20 June 2017}}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> == Walaacyada deegaanka == Nidaamka deegaanka dhulka qoyan ee Webiga Klip ee Lenasia, Soweto iyo aagga ku xeeran ayaa la ogaaday inay leeyihiin heerar sare oo ah [[Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon|polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]] (PAHs) oo ay sababeen [[Terrestrial runoff|biyo-shubanka]] beeraha iyo wershadaha iyo qashinka magaalooyinka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mabuza |first=Ernest |title=University researchers uncover toxic legacy in Klip River |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2025-03-25-university-researchers-uncover-toxic-legacy-in-klip-river/}}</ref> Warbixinno la soo saaray 2016<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=2016-06-01 |title=Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the aquatic ecosystems of Soweto/Lenasia |url=https://www.wrc.org.za/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/2242-1-16.pdf |journal=Water Research Commission |volume=2242 |issue=16 |isbn=978-1-4312-0801-2 |access-date=2026-07-03 |archive-date=2025-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250131095313/https://www.wrc.org.za/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/2242-1-16.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> iyo 2025<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Makobe |first=Samuel |last2=Seopela |first2=Mathapelo P. |last3=Ambushe |first3=Abayneh A. |date=2025-02-08 |title=Seasonal variations, source apportionment, and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments from Klip River, Johannesburg, South Africa |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-025-13724-0 |journal=Environmental Monitoring and Assessment |language=en |volume=197 |issue=3 |pages=257 |doi=10.1007/s10661-025-13724-0 |issn=1573-2959 |pmc=11807025 |pmid=39921783}}</ref> ayaa muujiyay heerar sare oo PAHs ah oo ku jira kalluunka, xayawaanka laf-dhabarta leh, nolosha dhirta, iyo dalkalka carrada kuwaas oo halis ku ah caafimaadka aadanaha.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=99|location=78}} Unugyada uurjiifka ee [[Zebrafish]] ayaa la kulmay cillado daran, dib-u-dhac dhanka dhalidda ah iyo boqolkiiba 80% heerka dhimashada ah.<ref name=":1" /> ==Tixraacyo== {{Reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == *[http://www.henley-on-klip.co.za HENLEY-ON-KLIP] *[http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/SOUTH-AFRICA/2004-09/1095156939 HENLEY-ON-KLIP] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20111111114651/http://www.communitypages.co.za/index.php?option=com_sobi2&catid=71&Itemid=56 Community pages] - [[Henley on Klip]] *{{Commons category-inline|Klip River, Gauteng}} {{Authority control}} q2kkouzdwfxi41mqvctsszixk6mf5of 0 48577 309242 300954 2026-09-23T10:58:22Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Olifants | native_name = {{native name list | tag1=nso|name1=Lepelle | tag2=zu|name2=Obalule | tag3=Nr|name3=iBhalule }} | name_other = ''Olifantsrivier, Rio dos Elefantes'' | name_etymology = ''Olifant'' macnaheedu waa "[[maroodi]]" luuqadda [[Afrikaans]], ''Obalule'', macnaheedu waa "mid dheer oo fidsan" iyo ''Lepelle'' macnaheedu waa "mid si tartiib ah u qulqula" ama "fog"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Magacyada Asalka ah ee Transvaal |url=http://www.emagameni.co.za/Transvaal%20Indigenous%20Place%20Names.pdf |access-date=2026-07-06 |archive-date=2008-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031094929/http://www.emagameni.co.za/Transvaal%20Indigenous%20Place%20Names.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->| image = KNP-Olifants_River-001.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Webiga Olifants oo qulqulaya [[Kruger National Park|Beerta Qaranka ee Kruger]] | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 6 | mapframe-point = none | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = South Africa | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption = Goobta isdhexgalka Olifants-[[Limpopo River|Limpopo]] <!---------------------- LOCATION -->| subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] iyo [[Mozambique|Musanbiig]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Gobollada | subdivision_name3 = [[Mpumalanga Province|Mpumalanga]], [[Limpopo Province|Limpopo]] iyo [[Gaza Province|Gaza]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location = | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = U dhow [[Bethal]] | source1_location = Mpumalanga, [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] | source1_coordinates = {{coord|26|20|33|S|29|49|47|E|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|1800|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]] | mouth_location = Gobolka Gaza, [[Mozambique|Musanbiig]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|24|6|44|S|32|38|25|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|54570|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = [[Letaba River|Webiga Letaba]] | tributaries_right = [[Steelpoort River|Webiga Steelpoort]] | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csir.co.za/rhp/state_of_rivers/state_of_crocsabieolif_01/olif_eco.html|title=Warbixinta Xaaladda Webiyada - Nidaamka Webiga Olifants|publisher=Council for Scientific and Industrial Research|access-date=2009-02-19|archive-date=2007-07-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703100205/http://www.csir.co.za/rhp/state_of_rivers/state_of_crocsabieolif_01/olif_eco.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> }} [[File:Limpopo watershed topo.png|thumb|300px|Koorsada iyo biyo-qabashada [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]]. Olifants wuxuu ku biiraa Limpopo dhanka midig, qiyaastii 190 kiiloomitir u jirta Badweynta Hindiya.]] '''Webiga Olifants,''' '''Lepelle''',<ref>[http://www.krugerpark.co.za/krugerpark-times-2-15-olifants-river-lepelle-20557.html Webiga Olifants oo hadda loo yaqaan Lepelle]</ref> '''iBhalule ama Obalule'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Magacyada Asalka ah ee Transvaal |url=http://www.emagameni.co.za/Transvaal%20Indigenous%20Place%20Names.pdf |access-date=2026-07-06 |archive-date=2008-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031094929/http://www.emagameni.co.za/Transvaal%20Indigenous%20Place%20Names.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ({{langx|af|Olifantsrivier}}; {{langx|pt|Rio dos Elefantes}}) waa webi ku yaal [[South Africa|Koonfur Afrika]] iyo [[Mozambique|Musanbiig]], oo ah laan ka mid ah [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]]. Wuxuu ku dhacaa Aagga Dheecaanka B ee [[Drainage basins of South Africa|Barkadaha Dheecaanka ee Koonfur Afrika]]. Aagga taariikhiga ah ee [[Pedi people|dadka Pedi]], [[Sekhukhuneland]], wuxuu ku yaallaa inta u dhexeysa Webiga Olifants iyo mid ka mid ah laamihiisa ugu waaweyn, [[Steelpoort River|Webiga Steelpoort]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ezakwantu.com/Tribes%20-%20Ba%20Pedi%20-%20Bapedi%20-%20Northern%20Basotho.htm |title=Ba Pedi |access-date=2012-03-14}}</ref> == Koorsada == Webiga Olifants wuxuu asal ahaan ka soo jeedaa inta u dhexeysa [[Breyten]] iyo [[Bethal]], [[Mpumalanga Province|Gobolka Mpumalanga]].<ref>[http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y5744e/y5744e07.htm Webiyada iyo durdurrada waaweyn ee ku yaal Barkadda Webiga Limpopo]</ref> Wuxuu u qulqulaa waqooyiga dhanka [[Limpopo Province|Gobolka Limpopo]] iyada oo loo marayo [[Witbank Dam|Biyo-xireenka Witbank]] ka dibna [[Loskop Dam|Biyo-xireenka Loskop]] waxaana lagu qasbaa bari by Transvaal [[Drakensberg]], oo ka gooya Abel Erasmus Pass ka dibna u qulqula bari si ka sii fog Lowveld si uu ugu biiro [[Letaba River|Webiga Letaba]]. Wuxuu u gudbaa [[Gaza Province|Gobolka Gaza]], [[Mozambique|Musanbiig]], ka dib markii uu ka soo gooyo [[Lebombo Mountains|Buuraha Lebombo]] iyada oo loo marayo Olifants Gorge, isagoo noqonaya ''Rio dos Elefantes'', oo ugu dambeyntii ku biiraya [[Limpopo River|Webiga Limpopo]] 40&nbsp;km ka dib ka hor inta uusan gelin [[Indian Ocean|Badweynta Hindiya]] ee [[Xai-Xai]] waqooyiga [[Maputo]].<ref>[http://myfundi.co.za/e/Key_rivers_of_South_Africa Webiyada muhiimka ah ee Koonfur Afrika]</ref> == Tayada biyaha == [[Overgrazing|Daaq-xumada]] ee qaybaha koorsadiisa dhexe waxay keentaa in webigu qaado ciidda nabaad-guurtay ka dib roobab culus.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nidaamka Webiga Olifants |url=http://www.csir.co.za/rhp/state_of_rivers/state_of_crocsabieolif_01/olif_eco.html |access-date=2026-07-06 |archive-date=2007-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703100205/http://www.csir.co.za/rhp/state_of_rivers/state_of_crocsabieolif_01/olif_eco.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Webiga Olifants wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah webiyada ugu wasakhaysan Koonfur Afrika, ma ahan qashinka aadanaha ama warshadaha, laakiin waa [[green algae| algae cagaaran]] oo soo kordhaya.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201008161197.html Webiga Olifants oo wasakhaysan oo waqtigu ka dhamaanayo]</ref> Daraasad la sameeyay sannadkii 2013 oo ku taal Beerta Kruger ayaa lagu ogaaday in webigu uu ahaa mesotrophic, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in heerarka nafaqadu ay ahaayeen kuwo hooseeya, in kasta oo koror yar oo [[nitrate|nitrate-ka]] ah uu bilaabi karo [[eutrophication|eutrophication]]. Heerarka aadka u sarreeya ee [[sulphate|sulphate-ka]] waxaa loo aaneeyay macdanta dhuxusha iyo warshadaha ee biyo-qabashada sare.<ref name="smi1">{{cite book |last1=Smit |first1=NJ |last2=Wepener |first2=V |last3=Vlok |first3=W |last4=Wagenaar |first4=GM |last5=van Vuren |first5=JHJ |title=Ilaalinta kalluunka tigerfish, ''Hydrocynus vittatus'', ee Beerta Qaranka Kruger iyadoo xoogga la saarayo dejinta ku-habboonaanta tirada biyaha iyo shuruudaha tayada ee webiyada Olifants iyo Luvuvhu: warbixin loo gudbiyay Guddiga Cilmi-baarista Biyaha |date=2013 |publisher=Guddiga Cilmi-baarista Biyaha |location=Gezina [Koonfur Afrika] |isbn=978-1-4312-0358-1 |page=vi |url=http://www.wrc.org.za/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/1922-1-121.pdf |access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> == Laamaha == Laamaha ugu waaweyn ee Webiga Olifants waa [[Letaba River|Webiga Letaba]]<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA2LuvuvuLethaba.jpg Luvuvu Lethaba WMA 2]</ref> iyo [[Steelpoort River|Webiga Steelpoort]] oo loo yaqaan Webiga Tubatse.<ref>[http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/y5744e/y5744e07.htm Webiyada iyo durdurrada waaweyn ee ku yaal Barkadda Webiga Limpopo]</ref> Laamaha kale waa [[Tongwane River|Tongwane]], [[Blyde River|Blyde]], [[Moses River|Moses]], [[Spekboom River|Spekboom]], [[Timbavati River|Timbavati]], [[Nkumpi River|Nkumpi]], [[Ga-Selati River|Ga-Selati]], [[Klaserie River|Klaserie]], [[Makhutswi River|Makhutswi]], [[Mohlapitse River]], [[Lepellane River]], [[Mohwetse River]] iyo Webiga Ngwaritsi. Qaar ka mid ah laamaha, gaar ahaan [[Klein Olifants River|Webiga Klein Olifants]] (oo ka soo jeeda meel u dhow [[Hendrina]], wuxuu ku biiraa Webiga Olifants ee hoose ee [[Middelburg Dam|Biyo-xireenka Middelburg]]), [[Elands River (Olifants)|Elands]], [[Wilge River (Olifants)|Wilge]] iyo [[Bronkhorstspruit River|Bronkhorstspruit]], waxay ka kacaan daaqsinada [[Highveld]].<ref>[http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/eco/FROC/WMA4Olifants.jpg WMA 4 ee webiga Olifants]</ref> [[Shingwedzi River|Webiga Shingwedzi]] wuxuu u qulqulaa meel u dhow dhanka waqooyi-bari ee kaydka [[Massingir Dam|Biyo-xireenka Massingir]] wuxuuna ku biiraa bangiga bidix ee Olifants qiyaastii 12&nbsp;km hoos uga dhaca darbiga biyo-xireenka.<ref>[http://www.sanparks.org/parks/kruger/conservation/scientific/noticeboard/science_network_meeting_2009/Presentations/vlok.pdf Webiga Shingwedzi: maxay u tahay webiga ugu wasakhaysan KNP?]</ref> == Biyo-xireennada == Soddon biyo-xireen oo waaweyn oo ku yaal Barkadda Webiga Olifants waxaa ka mid ah kuwan soo socda: === Koonfur Afrika === *[[Witbank Dam|Biyo-xireenka Witbank]] *[[Rhenosterkop Dam|Biyo-xireenka Rhenosterkop]], oo ku yaal [[Elands River (Olifants)|Webiga Elands]] *[[Rust de Winter Dam|Biyo-xireenka Rust de Winter]] *[[Blyderivierpoort Dam|Biyo-xireenka Blyderivierpoort]] *[[Loskop Dam|Biyo-xireenka Loskop]] *[[Middelburg Dam|Biyo-xireenka Middelburg]], oo ku yaal [[Klein Olifants River|Webiga Klein Olifants]] *[[Ohrigstad Dam|Biyo-xireenka Ohrigstad]] *[[De Hoop Dam (Limpopo)|Biyo-xireenka De Hoop]] *[[Flag Boshielo Dam|Biyo-xireenka Flag Boshielo]] *[[Phalaborwa Barrage|Phalaborwa Barrage]] === Mozambique === *[[Massingir Dam|Biyo-xireenka Massingir]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thekruger.com/olifants/massingirdam.htm |title=Biyo-xireenka Massingir & Daadadka Olifants Gorge |access-date=2012-03-16 |archive-date=2017-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170727020147/http://www.thekruger.com/olifants/massingirdam.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tixraac == {{Reflist|30em}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons category|Olifants River (Mpumalanga)}} *[http://e-gli.com/south-african-geographical-names/ Magacyada Juqraafiga ee Koonfur Afrika] {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Authority control}} 1ag3nfeno2531fva3dbq0xgek5dcwlh 0 48606 309000 301343 2026-09-22T19:24:29Z Soalt 39618 [[category:Nayjeeriya]] iyo [[Category:Webiyada]] 309000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Ọmambala | native_name ={{native name|ig|Osimiri Ọmambala}} | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Amamba.jpg | image_size = 300 | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalka | subdivision_name1 = [[Nigeria]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobolka | subdivision_name2 = [[Anambra State|Anambra]] iyo [[Enugu State|Enugu]] | subdivision_type3 = Degmooyinka Dowladda | subdivision_name3 = [[Anambra East]], [[Anambra West]], [[Ayamelum]], [[Uzo Uwani]] | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> |length_km=256 | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= [[Onitsha|Onịcha]] | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = [[Niger River|Webiga Niger]] | mouth_location = [[Onitsha|Onịcha]], [[Onitsha North|Onịcha úgwú]], [[Anambra State|Anambra]]<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://punchng.com/ezu-river-dead-bodies-report-indicts-police-four-years-after/ | title=Ezu River dead bodies: Report indicts police four years after | date=28 July 2017 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref> | mouth_coordinates = | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = |basin_size_mi2=2751|basin_size_ref=<ref>{{cite journal|title=Runoff Response to Basin Parameters in Southeastern Nigeria |journal=Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography |first1=Raymond N. C. |last1=Anyadike |first2=Phillip O. |last2=Phil-Eze |page=75 |volume=71 |issue=1–2 |year=1989 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |doi=10.1080/04353676.1989.11880274 |jstor=521009|bibcode=1989GeAnA..71...75A }}</ref> | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} '''Webiga Anambra''' ([[Af Igbo]]: '''Ọmambala''' {{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Chinwoke 01-Omambala.wav|Listen|help=no}}) wuxuu u qulqulaa {{convert|210|km|mi}} ilaa [[Niger River|Webiga Niger]] waxaana laga helaa [[Anambra State|Anambra]], [[Nigeria]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ugbor |first1=O. N. |last2=Odo |first2=G. E. |last3=Nwani |first3=C. D. |last4=Ochang |first4=S. N. |last5=Somdare |first5=P. O. |last6=Agbakwuo |first6=C. A. |title=Parasitic Fauna of Two Dominant Clariid (SILURIFORMES) Catfishes In A Tropical Freshwater Ecosystem, Nigeria |journal=Nigerian Journal of Fisheries |date=2014 |volume=11 |issue=1 & 2 |pages=745–755 |url=https://publications.fulokoja.edu.ng/publication-page.php?i=parasitic-fauna-of-two-dominant-clariid-siluriformes-catfishes-in-a-tropical-freshwater-ecosystem-nigeria |s2cid=90241772 |access-date=2026-07-07 |archive-date=2024-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311230056/https://publications.fulokoja.edu.ng/publication-page.php?i=parasitic-fauna-of-two-dominant-clariid-siluriformes-catfishes-in-a-tropical-freshwater-ecosystem-nigeria |url-status=dead }}</ref> Webigu waa kan ugu muhiimsan ee quudiya [[River Niger|Webiga Niger]] ka hooseeya [[Lokoja]]. Qulqulka Webiga Ọmambala waxaa lagu sii daayaa [[Atlantic Ocean|Badweynta Atlantic]] iyada oo loo marayo marinnada kala duwan ee samaynta gobolka {{convert|25000|km2|mi2|adj=on}} ee [[Niger Delta]].<ref name="length">[{{GBurl|ZmdYFTlcSgEC|p=307}} Pages 307–309] in {{cite book |doi=10.1007/0-306-48065-4_7 |chapter=Hydrology of Large River Basins: Eastern and Western Africa |title=Hydrology and Water Resources of Africa |series=Water Science and Technology Library |date=2002 |volume=41 |pages=271–334 |isbn=978-1-4020-0866-5 |first1=Mamdouh |last1=Shahin }}</ref> == Gobolka Webiga Anambra iyo dhaqanka == Omambala wuxuu ahaa magaca [[goddess|ilaahad]] hore oo webigeedu ka soo qulqulo dhulka hoostiisa ee Uzo-uwa-ani ilaa Aguleri, Anam, Nsugbe iyo dhidibka Onitsha, halkaas oo uu kaga xirmiyo webiyada Nkisi & Niger-kwora/Mgbakili safarkooda ay ugu socdaan [[Atlantic Ocean|Badweynta Atlantic]], sida ay qabaan dadka asaliga ah. Webiyada Ezu iyo Ezichi ayaa sidoo kale ku shuba webiga [[Anambra]] at Agbanabo iyo Oda siday u kala horreeyaan.<ref name="Ejikeme Odo Didigwu Effiong Eyo 2013">{{cite journal |last1=Ejikeme Odo |first1=Gregory |last2=Didigwu |first2=Nwani Christopher |last3=Effiong Eyo |first3=Joseph |title=The fish fauna of Anambra river basin, Nigeria: species abundance and morphometry |journal=Revista de Biología Tropical |date=31 July 2013 |volume=57 |issue=1–2 |pages=177–186 |doi=10.15517/rbt.v57i1-2.11312 |pmid=19637699 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr [[Myth|khuraafaad]] iyo waxyaabo qarsoodi ah oo ku xeeran Omambala kuwaas oo horseeday fasiraado kala duwan oo ay bixiyeen qabaa'il iyo jinsiyado badan, sidaas darteed ku dhawaaqista Omambala sida [[Anambra]] ay sameeyeen sahamiyeyaashii hore ee Yurub.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Anambra | title=Anambra &#124; Igbo culture, Awka, Onitsha, Map &#124; Britannica }}</ref> Kahor abuurista gobollada, Omambala waxaa hore loogu isticmaali jiray in lagu tixraaco aagga ka kooban [[Anambra]], qaybo ka mid ah [[Kogi State|Kogi]], [[Enugu State|Enugu]] iyo [[Ebonyi State|Ebonyi]] ee hadda jira, dadka asaliga ah ee aaggaas. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, dadka asaliga ah ee ka soo jeeda Aguleri, Anam, [[Nsugbe]], Umueri, [[Anaku Town|Anaku]], [[Nteje]], [[Umunya]], [[Nando, Nigeria|Nando]], Igbariam, [[Nkwelle-Ezunaka|Nkwelle-Ezunanka]], [[Nzam]], [[Awkuzu]], [[Ogidi, Anambra|Ogidi]], [[Ogbunike]], qabiilka Ayamelum, iyo kuwo kale, ayaa sheegta dhaxalka Omambala.<ref name="Ejikeme Odo Didigwu Effiong Eyo 2013"/> Dadka Omambala waxay leeyihiin lahjado gaar ah, caadooyin, dhaqamo iyo qiyam ethnophilosophical ah oo leh nidaamyo aaminsan oo badan oo qarsoodi ah kuwaas oo qiimo sare siiya ruuxnimada marka loo eego raasumaalka, waxaana isku haya xiriir weligeed ah oo caado, luqad, dhaqan diimeed iyo [[Omambala River|Webiga Omambala]]. Tani waxay sabab u tahay xiriirka xooggan iyo ku-xirnaanta ka jirta iyaga iyo [[cosmology|cosmology-ga]] dabiiciga ah iyo nidaamka deegaanka.<ref name="Ejikeme Odo Didigwu Effiong Eyo 2013"/> Saamaynta dhaqan-dhaqaale, dhaqan-bulsho iyo siyaasad-bulsho ee gobolka Omambala waxay gaartaa qaybo ka mid ah [[Edo State|Edo]], [[Delta State|Delta]], [[Imo State|Imo]], Rivers, [[Abia State|Abia]], [[Taraba State|Taraba]], [[Benue State|Benue]], Niger, [[Nasarawa State|Nasarawa]], [[Plateau State|Plateau]], [[Akwa Ibom State|Akwa-Ibom]] & [[Cross River State|Cross-Rivers]] ee Nigeria iyo ilaa [[Niger]], [[Chad]], [[Cameroon]], [[Mali]], [[Central African Republic]], iwm.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=Patrick |last=Okpoko |date=September 2016 |title=Socio-Cultural Profiling and Development in Southeast Nigeria: A Case Study |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309875498_Socio-Cultural_Profiling_and_Development_in_Southeast_Nigeria_A_Case_Study |journal=Journal of Social Sciences}}</ref> == Tixraac == {{Reflist}} {{coord|6|33|N|6|54|E|display=title}} {{Authority control}} [[category:Nayjeeriya]] [[Category:Webiyada]] rseub872unxw73ij7jwqoutm619ittk 0 48722 308998 301257 2026-09-22T19:17:57Z Soalt 39618 [[category:Simbaabwi]] iyo [[Category:Webiyada]] 308998 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Thuli | image = Thuli River.jpg | image_size = 250px | image_caption = Webiga Thuli oo ka qulqulaya Thuli Gorge, koonfurta [[Gwanda]], [[Zimbabwe]] | source1_location = Matopo Mission, [[Degmada Matobo]], Zimbabwe | mouth_location = [[Webiga Shashe]] | subdivision_type1 = Waddan | subdivision_name1 = [[Zimbabwe]] | length = | source1_elevation = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|36.0|mm/yr|in/yr|abbr=on}} qulqulka qaybta<ref name="Chibi">Chibi, T., Kandori, C. and Makone, B.F. 2005. Mzingwane Catchment Outline Plan. Zimbabwe National Water Authority, Bulawayo.</ref> | basin_size_km2 = 7,910 }} '''Webiga Thuli,''' oo hore loo oran jiray '''Webiga Tuli''', waa tributary muhiim ah oo ka mid ah [[Webiga Shashe|Webiga Shashe]] ee dalka [[Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]]. Waxa uu ka soo bilowdaa meel u dhow Matopo Mission, [[Degmada Matobo]], wuxuuna ku milmaa Webiga Shashe meel u dhow tuulada [[Tuli, Zimbabwe|Tuli]]. == Biyaha == Thuli waa webi xilliyeed, oo leh qulqul sanadle ah oo hoos u dhacaya.<ref>Love, D., Uhlenbrook, S., Madamombe, E., Twomlow, S. and van der Zaag, P. 2006. An evaluation of climate and run-off variability and associated livelihood risks in the Mzingwane Catchment, Limpopo Basin, Zimbabwe. Water Institute of Southern Africa Biennial Conference and Exhibition, Durban, South Africa, May 2006.</ref> Tributaries-kiisa waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah [[Mtshabezi River|Mtshabezi]], [[Mtshelele River|Mtshelele]], webiga Sengezane iyo [[Mwewe River|Mwewe]]. Hoosta [[Thuli-Makwe Dam|Dhaamka Thuli-Makwe]], Thuli waa marin ciid ah, oo leh [[aquifer|aquifer-yo]] alluvial ah oo ku yaal marinka webiga.<ref>Görgens, A.H.M. and Boroto, R.A. 1997. Limpopo River: flow balance anomalies, surprises and implications for integrated water resources management. In: Proceedings of the 8th South African National Hydrology Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa.</ref> == Magaalooyinka == Webiga Thuli ma maro wax degmooyin waaweyn ah, kaliya xarumaha ganacsiga ee soo socda: * Freda Mine * [[Guyu, Zimbabwe|Guyu]] * [[Manama, Zimbabwe|Manama]] * Chelesa, Zimbabwe [Sengezane] == Buundooyinka iyo meelaha laga gudbo == [[File:Freda access.jpg|thumb|Buundada Webiga Thuli ee Freda Mine.]] Waxaa jira shan buundo oo waaweyn oo ka dul mara Webiga Mzingwane: * Buundada wadada Old Gwanda, inta u dhaxaysa Matombo Mission iyo Blanket Mine. * Buundada wadada [[Gwanda]] - [[Kezi, Zimbabwe|Kezi]], hoosta [[Thuli-Makwe Dam|Dhaamka Thuli-Makwe]]. * Buundada Elliot, oo kor ka xiga [[Guyu, Zimbabwe|Guyu]]. * Buundada wadada [[Manama, Zimbabwe|Manama]] - [[Kafusi]]. * Buundada Mankonkoni ee wadada [[Tuli, Zimbabwe|Tuli]] - Kafusi. Buundadan waxaa burburiyay [[Cyclone Eline]]. Waxaa kale oo jira tiro ka mid ah meelaha lagu tallaabo iyo meelaha laga gudbo, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[Ntalale|Wadada Ntalale]], oo ay si xun u dhaawacday Cyclone Eline. * Wadada hoos marta Thuli gorge == Horumarinta == [[File:Thuli-Makwe Dam.jpg|thumb|Dhaamka Thuli-Makwe.]] Marka lagu daro tiro ka mid ah [[weir|xayndaabyada]] yaryar, waxaa jira hal dhaam oo weyn oo ku yaal Webiga Thuli: * [[Thuli–Makwe Dam|Dhaamka Thuli–Makwe]], galbeedka [[Gwanda]]. Waxay ku taallaa meel u dhow isgoyska [[Webiga Mtshelele]] waxayna siisaa biyo waraabka. [[Webiga Mtshabezi]] (tributary-ga ugu muhiimsan ee dhanka bidix) waxaa lagu xiray Mtshabezi, Sheet iyo Blanket. [[Mtshabezi Dam|Dhaamka Mtshabezi]] wuxuu kordhin doonaa sahayda biyaha ee Magaalada [[Bulawayo]], marka la dhammaystiro dhuumaha isku xiraya. Dhaamyada Sheet iyo Blanket waxay biyo siiyaan Magaalada [[Gwanda]] iyo [[Blanket, Zimbabwe|Blanket]] iyo [[Vubachikwe|Vubachikwe]] Mines. Laba goobood oo dhaam oo dheeraad ah ayaa la doortay oo hoos u sii socda: * [[Thuli–Moswa Dam|Thuli–Moswa]], halkaas oo aan wax horumar ah ka dhicin. * [[Thuli–Manyange Dam|Thuli–Manyange]], kor ka xiga Buundada Elliot, halkaas oo dhismaha si kooban loo bilaabay 2007 laakiin hadda la joojiyay.<ref name="Chibi" /> == Tixraac == {{commons category}} {{reflist}} {{Rivers of Zimbabwe}} {{coord|-21.8003|29.0617|type:river_region:ZW|format=dms|display=title}} [[category:Simbaabwi]] [[Category:Webiyada]] 2aotr4wvgglendzu3ew41nm2115rro4 308999 308998 2026-09-22T19:20:35Z Soalt 39618 higgaad 308999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Thuli | image = Thuli River.jpg | image_size = 250px | image_caption = Webiga Thuli oo ka qulqulaya Thuli Gorge, koonfurta [[Gwanda]], [[Zimbabwe]] | source1_location = Matopo Mission, [[Degmada Matobo]], Zimbabwe | mouth_location = [[Webiga Shashe]] | subdivision_type1 = Waddan | subdivision_name1 = [[Zimbabwe]] | length = | source1_elevation = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|36.0|mm/yr|in/yr|abbr=on}} qulqulka qaybta<ref name="Chibi">Chibi, T., Kandori, C. and Makone, B.F. 2005. Mzingwane Catchment Outline Plan. Zimbabwe National Water Authority, Bulawayo.</ref> | basin_size_km2 = 7,910 }} '''Webiga Thuli,''' oo hore loo oran jiray '''Webiga Tuli''', waa tributary muhiim ah oo ka mid ah [[Webiga Shashe|Webiga Shashe]] ee dalka [[Simbaabwi]]. Waxa uu ka soo bilowdaa meel u dhow Matopo Mission, [[Degmada Matobo]], wuxuuna ku milmaa Webiga Shashe meel u dhow tuulada [[Tuli, Zimbabwe|Tuli]]. == Biyaha == Thuli waa webi xilliyeed, oo leh qulqul sanadle ah oo hoos u dhacaya.<ref>Love, D., Uhlenbrook, S., Madamombe, E., Twomlow, S. and van der Zaag, P. 2006. An evaluation of climate and run-off variability and associated livelihood risks in the Mzingwane Catchment, Limpopo Basin, Zimbabwe. Water Institute of Southern Africa Biennial Conference and Exhibition, Durban, South Africa, May 2006.</ref> Tributaries-kiisa waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah [[Mtshabezi River|Mtshabezi]], [[Mtshelele River|Mtshelele]], webiga Sengezane iyo [[Mwewe River|Mwewe]]. Hoosta [[Thuli-Makwe Dam|Dhaamka Thuli-Makwe]], Thuli waa marin ciid ah, oo leh [[aquifer|aquifer-yo]] alluvial ah oo ku yaal marinka webiga.<ref>Görgens, A.H.M. and Boroto, R.A. 1997. Limpopo River: flow balance anomalies, surprises and implications for integrated water resources management. In: Proceedings of the 8th South African National Hydrology Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa.</ref> == Magaalooyinka == Webiga Thuli ma maro wax degmooyin waaweyn ah, kaliya xarumaha ganacsiga ee soo socda: * Freda Mine * [[Guyu, Zimbabwe|Guyu]] * [[Manama, Zimbabwe|Manama]] * Chelesa, Zimbabwe [Sengezane] == Buundooyinka iyo meelaha laga gudbo == [[File:Freda access.jpg|thumb|Buundada Webiga Thuli ee Freda Mine.]] Waxaa jira shan buundo oo waaweyn oo ka dul mara Webiga Mzingwane: * Buundada wadada Old Gwanda, inta u dhaxaysa Matombo Mission iyo Blanket Mine. * Buundada wadada [[Gwanda]] - [[Kezi, Zimbabwe|Kezi]], hoosta [[Thuli-Makwe Dam|Dhaamka Thuli-Makwe]]. * Buundada Elliot, oo kor ka xiga [[Guyu, Zimbabwe|Guyu]]. * Buundada wadada [[Manama, Zimbabwe|Manama]] - [[Kafusi]]. * Buundada Mankonkoni ee wadada [[Tuli, Zimbabwe|Tuli]] - Kafusi. Buundadan waxaa burburiyay [[Cyclone Eline]]. Waxaa kale oo jira tiro ka mid ah meelaha lagu tallaabo iyo meelaha laga gudbo, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[Ntalale|Wadada Ntalale]], oo ay si xun u dhaawacday Cyclone Eline. * Wadada hoos marta Thuli gorge == Horumarinta == [[File:Thuli-Makwe Dam.jpg|thumb|Dhaamka Thuli-Makwe.]] Marka lagu daro tiro ka mid ah [[weir|xayndaabyada]] yaryar, waxaa jira hal dhaam oo weyn oo ku yaal Webiga Thuli: * [[Thuli–Makwe Dam|Dhaamka Thuli–Makwe]], galbeedka [[Gwanda]]. Waxay ku taallaa meel u dhow isgoyska [[Webiga Mtshelele]] waxayna siisaa biyo waraabka. [[Webiga Mtshabezi]] (tributary-ga ugu muhiimsan ee dhanka bidix) waxaa lagu xiray Mtshabezi, Sheet iyo Blanket. [[Mtshabezi Dam|Dhaamka Mtshabezi]] wuxuu kordhin doonaa sahayda biyaha ee Magaalada [[Bulawayo]], marka la dhammaystiro dhuumaha isku xiraya. Dhaamyada Sheet iyo Blanket waxay biyo siiyaan Magaalada [[Gwanda]] iyo [[Blanket, Zimbabwe|Blanket]] iyo [[Vubachikwe|Vubachikwe]] Mines. Laba goobood oo dhaam oo dheeraad ah ayaa la doortay oo hoos u sii socda: * [[Thuli–Moswa Dam|Thuli–Moswa]], halkaas oo aan wax horumar ah ka dhicin. * [[Thuli–Manyange Dam|Thuli–Manyange]], kor ka xiga Buundada Elliot, halkaas oo dhismaha si kooban loo bilaabay 2007 laakiin hadda la joojiyay.<ref name="Chibi" /> == Tixraac == {{commons category}} {{reflist}} {{Rivers of Zimbabwe}} {{coord|-21.8003|29.0617|type:river_region:ZW|format=dms|display=title}} [[category:Simbaabwi]] [[Category:Webiyada]] 5p60z8znqo4tbemvw1dmzzhntw3eeqc 0 48786 309011 302031 2026-09-22T19:56:22Z Soalt 39618 [[Category:Giinya]] iyo [[Category:Liberia]] iyo [[Category:Xeebta Foolmaroodi]] iyo [[Category:Webiyada]] 309011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Cestos | image = Liberia Cestos River.png | image_size = 250px | image_caption = Webiga Cestos ee Liberia | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | source1_location = [[Nimba Range]], Guinea | subdivision_type1 = Waddamada | subdivision_name1 = {{hlist|[[Guinea]]|[[Côte d'Ivoire]]|[[Liberia]]}} | length_km = 476 | length_ref = <ref name="North Africa-West Coast">{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=157&catid=209&Itemid=179|title=North Africa-West Coast}}</ref> | discharge1_location= Meel u dhow afka | discharge1_avg =(Xilliga: 1979–2015) {{cvt|18.35|km3/year|m3/s|abbr=on}}<ref name="River Basins">{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins|access-date=2026-07-10|archive-date=2024-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117234333/http://twap-rivers.org/indicators/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | mouth_location = [[Badweynta Atlantic]] | mouth_coordinates = | river_system= Webiga Cestos | tributaries_left= | tributaries_right= | basin_size_km2 = 12,723 | basin_size_ref = <ref name="River Basins"/> }} '''Webiga Cestos''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno wabiga '''Nuon''' ama '''Nipoué''',<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.tlcafrica.com/tlc_rivers.htm| title=Liberia Waterways| publisher=The Liberian Connection| accessdate=8 August 2014}}</ref> waa wabi ka soo kaca [[Nimba Range]] ee [[Guinea]] wuxuuna u qulqulaa koonfur xagga xadka [[Xeebta Foolmaroodi]], ka dibna koonfur-galbeed isagoo sii maraa [[kaymo roobaad]] oo ku yaal Liberia ilaa uu ku shubo [[gacan]] ku taal [[Badweynta Atlaantik]] halkaas oo ay ku taallo magaalada [[Cestos]]. Pygmy hippopotamus-ka ayaa lagu yaqaannaa inay ku noolaadaan dhulka hareeraha webiga.<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|title=Wetlands International Ramsar Sites Information Service: Liberia|url=http://ramsar.wetlands.org/Portals/15/LIBERIA.pdf|accessdate=2008-08-02}}</ref> Wuxuu sameeyaa saddex meelood oo meel waqooyiga xudduudda caalamiga ah ee u dhexeeya Liberia iyo Ivory Coast. Intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Koowaad ee [[Liberia]], qaybta webiga ee u dhow magaalada [[Cestos]] waxay ahayd gobol hormuud u ahaa cuntada iyo soo saarista macdanta ee [[National Patriotic Front of Liberia]].<ref>"Rivercess Falls to Allied Forces". ''Monrovia Daily News'', 1993-05-10, 1/6.</ref> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} {{coord|5|27|N|9|34|W|display=title|region:LR_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}} [[Category:Giinya]] [[Category:Liberia]] [[Category:Xeebta Foolmaroodi]] [[Category:Webiyada]] 0jgvaiqrs9ch7qtgm9soohwp6ptmd00 309012 309011 2026-09-22T19:57:27Z Soalt 39618 higgaada giinya 309012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Cestos | image = Liberia Cestos River.png | image_size = 250px | image_caption = Webiga Cestos ee Liberia | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | source1_location = [[Nimba Range]], Guinea | subdivision_type1 = Waddamada | subdivision_name1 = {{hlist|[[Guinea]]|[[Côte d'Ivoire]]|[[Liberia]]}} | length_km = 476 | length_ref = <ref name="North Africa-West Coast">{{cite web|url=https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=157&catid=209&Itemid=179|title=North Africa-West Coast}}</ref> | discharge1_location= Meel u dhow afka | discharge1_avg =(Xilliga: 1979–2015) {{cvt|18.35|km3/year|m3/s|abbr=on}}<ref name="River Basins">{{cite web|url=http://twap-rivers.org/indicators|title=River Basins|access-date=2026-07-10|archive-date=2024-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117234333/http://twap-rivers.org/indicators/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | mouth_location = [[Badweynta Atlantic]] | mouth_coordinates = | river_system= Webiga Cestos | tributaries_left= | tributaries_right= | basin_size_km2 = 12,723 | basin_size_ref = <ref name="River Basins"/> }} '''Webiga Cestos''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno wabiga '''Nuon''' ama '''Nipoué''',<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.tlcafrica.com/tlc_rivers.htm| title=Liberia Waterways| publisher=The Liberian Connection| accessdate=8 August 2014}}</ref> waa wabi ka soo kaca [[Nimba Range]] ee [[Giinya]] wuxuuna u qulqulaa koonfur xagga xadka [[Xeebta Foolmaroodi]], ka dibna koonfur-galbeed isagoo sii maraa [[kaymo roobaad]] oo ku yaal Liberia ilaa uu ku shubo [[gacan]] ku taal [[Badweynta Atlaantik]] halkaas oo ay ku taallo magaalada [[Cestos]]. Pygmy hippopotamus-ka ayaa lagu yaqaannaa inay ku noolaadaan dhulka hareeraha webiga.<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|title=Wetlands International Ramsar Sites Information Service: Liberia|url=http://ramsar.wetlands.org/Portals/15/LIBERIA.pdf|accessdate=2008-08-02}}</ref> Wuxuu sameeyaa saddex meelood oo meel waqooyiga xudduudda caalamiga ah ee u dhexeeya Liberia iyo Ivory Coast. Intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Koowaad ee [[Liberia]], qaybta webiga ee u dhow magaalada [[Cestos]] waxay ahayd gobol hormuud u ahaa cuntada iyo soo saarista macdanta ee [[National Patriotic Front of Liberia]].<ref>"Rivercess Falls to Allied Forces". ''Monrovia Daily News'', 1993-05-10, 1/6.</ref> == Tixraac == {{reflist}} {{coord|5|27|N|9|34|W|display=title|region:LR_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}} [[Category:Giinya]] [[Category:Liberia]] [[Category:Xeebta Foolmaroodi]] [[Category:Webiyada]] fqhnoadc0x02fchop69wi2rxwsu2wp4 0 48822 309241 305862 2026-09-23T10:58:20Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Okavango | native_name = | native_name_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Namibia Okavango 2.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Okavango oo ku yaal Kavango, Namibia | map = Okavango River Basin map.png | map_size = | map_caption = Khariidadda dooxada wabiga Okavango | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 4 <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Dalalka | subdivision_name1 = {{hlist|[[Angola]]|[[Namibia]]|[[Botswana]]}} | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|1700|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = {{convert|350|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = {{convert|475|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_max = {{convert|1000|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = | source1_location = [[Cachiungo]], Angola | source1_coordinates= {{Coord|-12.706|16.081|format=dms|type:river_region:AO|display=i}} | source1_elevation = {{Convert|1788|m|ft|abbr=on}} | mouth = [[Okavango Delta]] | mouth_location = [[Moremi Game Reserve]], Botswana | mouth_coordinates = {{Coord|-18.988|22.576|format=dms|region:BW|display=it}} | mouth_elevation = {{Convert|978|m|ft|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|530000|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} [[File:Kavango River view.jpg|thumb|Muuqaalka wabiga Kavango ee Hakusembe river lodge]] '''Wabiga Okavango''' (oo hore loogu qori jiray ''Okovango'' ama ''Okovanggo'') waa wabi ku yaal koonfur-galbeed Afrika. Waxaa looga yaqaan magacan gudaha [[Botswana]], sida '''Cubango''' gudaha [[Angola]], iyo '''Kavango''' gudaha [[Namibia]].<ref name=mendelsohn/> Waa nidaamka afaraad ee ugu dheer wabiyada [[koonfurta Afrika]], isagoo u qulqula koonfur-bari masaafo dhan {{convert|1,600|km|mi|sigfig=1|abbr=on}}. Waxay ka bilaabataa meel sare oo ah {{convert|1300|m|ft}} oo ku taal buuraleyda bacaadka ah ee Angola. Koonfurta fog, waxay qayb ka tahay xadka u dhexeeya Angola iyo Namibia, ka dibna waxay u qulqushaa Botswana. Okavango ma laha meel uu ka baxo oo bad ah. Taa beddelkeeda, waxay ku dhex shubataa [[Okavango Delta]] ama Okavango [[Alluvial fan|Alluvial Fan]], oo ku yaal [[dooxada endorheic]] ee [[Saxaraha Kalahari]]. '''Wabiga Cuito''' waa wabi-gacmeed weyn. == Magaca == Magaca ''Okavango'' wuxuu ka soo jeedaa ''Kavango,'' kaas oo loola jeedo [[dadka Kavango]] ee waqooyiga Namibia. Higgaadda Ingiriisiga ee hore waxaa ka mid ahaa ''Okovango'', halka qaar ka mid ah aqoonyahannada Namibiya ay door bidaan ''Kavango'' marka ay tixraacayaan wabiga iyo gobolka Namibiya. Taariikhyahan Andreas Eckl wuxuu xusay in warbixinnadii [[Gumaystihii Jarmalka ee Koonfur Galbeed Afrika|gumaystaha Jarmalka]] ay adeegsadeen ''Okavango'', laakiin in ''O-'' bilowga ah aysan ku badneyn luuqadaha maxalliga ah ee Kavango, taas beddelkeedana waxaa loo nisbeeyay saamaynta [[Luuqadda Herero]].<ref name="eckl-2007">{{cite journal |last=Eckl |first=Andreas |year=2007 |title=Reports from ‘beyond the line’: The accumulation of knowledge of Kavango and its peoples by the German colonial administration 1891–1911 |url=https://welwitschia.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/JNS_June2007_7to37.pdf |journal=Journal of Namibian Studies |volume=1 |pages=7–37 |access-date=12 May 2026}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Qulqulka == {{Main|Dooxada Kalahari}} Wabiyada Cubango iyo Cuito waa wabi-gacmeedyada ugu waaweyn ee [[Okavango Delta]], waxayna saameeyaan caafimaadkeeda.<ref name=mendelsohn>{{cite web | last=Mendelsohn | first=John | title=A River in Trouble | website=Conservation Namibia | date=9 September 2021 | url=https://conservationnamibia.com/articles/cn2021-river-in-trouble.php | access-date=8 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Goyder | first1=David J. | last2=Barker | first2=Nigel | last3=Bester | first3=Stoffel P. | last4=Frisby | first4=Arnold | last5=Janks | first5=Matt | last6=Gonçalves | first6=Francisco M.P.|display-authors=2 | title=The Cuito catchment of the Okavango system: a vascular plant checklist for the Angolan headwaters | url=https://archive.org/details/cuitocatchmento113goyd | journal=PhytoKeys | publisher=Pensoft Publishers | issue=113 | date=27 November 2018 | issn=1314-2003 | doi=10.3897/phytokeys.113.30439 | doi-access=free | pages=1–31| pmid=30524187 | pmc=6279898 | bibcode=2018PhytK.113....1G | hdl=2263/71882 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Gudaha Angola, [[gubasho la xakameeyey]] oo xilliyeed ah oo dhirta ah ayaa xirta qeybaha sare ee Cuito waxayna yareeyaan qulqulka biyaha ee hoose maadaama biyaha urursan ay halkii ka qulqulaan [[dib-u-buuxinta biyaha dhulka hoostiisa|biyo-mareenka bacaadka ah]]<!-- [[Percolation]] -->.<ref name=into>{{cite web |last1=Society |first1=National Geographic |author-link=National Geographic |title=Okavango Wilderness Project |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/projects/okavango/ |website=www.nationalgeographic.org |publisher=[[Into the Okavango]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201108114019/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/projects/okavango/ |archive-date=8 November 2020 |language=en |url-status=live}}</ref> Sannadkii 2015, National Geographic waxay bilowday Mashruuca Okavango Wilderness (NGOWP) si ay si ballaaran u sahamiyaan Okavango/Cubango Basin. Sannadkii 2023, NGOWP waxay daabaceen natiijooyinkooda oo ay ku jirtay helitaanka isha asalka ah. Isha waxaa laga helay dhul-beereed cufan oo ku yaal Buuraleyda Angola, oo si habboon loogu magacaabay "Angola Highlands Water Tower" (AHWT) ama Lisima Iya Mwono - oo macnaheedu yahay "Isha Nolosha" - ee luuqadda Luchaze. In ka badan 12 cagood oo qoto dheer meelaha qaar, AHWT waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inay haysato 423km³ (ama in ka badan 100 tiriliyan oo galloon) oo biyo ah, taasoo siisa in ka badan 95% biyaha Okavanga Basin. Sannadkii 2026, AHWT waxaa loo asteeyay "Wetland of International Importance" ee ugu horreeya Angola ee uu cayimay Axdiga Ramsar ee ku saabsan dhul-qoyan iyo dawladda Angola. Kahor inta aysan galin Botswana, wabigu wuxuu hoos u dhacaa {{cvt|4|m}} taxane ah oo hirar degdeg ah oo loo yaqaan [[Popa Falls]], oo muuqda marka wabigu hooseeyo, sida inta lagu jiro xilliga abaarta.<ref name=":2">Siyabona Africa Travel (Pty) Ltd, "Popa Falls | Okavango River | Botswana" webpage: [http://www.travel.za.net/africa_popa_falls.html TravelZA-PopaFalls]</ref> Xilliga roobka, qulqulka loo qoondeeyey [[Wabiga Boteti]] ayaa markeeda xilli ahaan u qulqula [[Makgadikgadi Pan]]s, kaas oo leh aag ballaaran oo [[dhul-qoyan]] ah xilliga roobka halkaas oo tobanaan kun oo [[flamingo]]s ay ku kulmaan xagaa kasta.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Andy Burnham, Pete Evans (Layout), The Megalithic Portal and Megalith Map |title=Makgadikgadi |url=http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&mode=&order=0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030065111/https://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&mode=&order=0 |archive-date=2023-10-30 |access-date=2025-02-27 |website=The Megalithic Portal |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref> Qeyb ka mid ah qulqulka wabiga ayaa buuxiya [[Harada Ngami]]. == Fatahaadda == [[File:Popafälle (2018).jpg|thumb|Popa Falls (2018)]] Xilli roobaad kasta, Angola waxay heshaa saddex jeer in ka badan roobabka Botswana, taasoo soo saarta qulqul ka sarreeya sidii caadiga ahayd oo gala Okavango, iyadoo u beddelaysa aagagga saxaraha ee dibadda ah dhul-qoyan weyn. In kasta oo roobabka xagaaga ay ka da'aan Angola bisha Janaayo, waxay qaataan hal bil oo dhan si ay ugu safraan 1,000&nbsp;km ee ugu horreeya Wabiga Okavango, ka dibna waxay qaataan afar bilood oo kale si ay ugu [[miirid|sifeeyaan]] dhirta iyo kanaalo badan oo ka mid ah 250&nbsp;km ee ugu dambeeya ee delta-ga. Natiijo ahaan, fatahaaddu waa tan ugu weyn inta u dhaxaysa Juun iyo Agoosto, inta lagu jiro bilaha jiilaalka ee abaarta ee Botswana. Delta-gu markaas wuxuu bararaa ilaa saddex jeer oo ka mid ah cabbirkiisa joogtada ah, isagoo soo jiidanaya xayawaanno ka yimid kilomitir hareeraha iyo abuurista mid ka mid ah uruurinta ugu weyn ee Afrika ee [[duurjoogta]]. Meeshiisa ugu ballaaran sannad fatahaad weyn, [[qoyan-xilliyeedka]] wuxuu gaaraa 150&nbsp;km oo ka kala imanaya bari ilaa galbeed; mid ka mid ah arrimaha horseeda dabeecadda mar walba isbeddela ee delta waa fidsanaanta aagga. Haddii qof uu qaato qayb iskutallaab ah oo ka mid ah delta meeshiisa ugu ballaaran, qofku wuxuu ogaan lahaa in isbeddelka dhererka ee ka yimaada celceliska in ka badan 150&nbsp;km uu ka yar yahay 2 m, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in dhigaal bacaad yar uu keeni karo isbeddello waaweyn.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Okavango Delta – Part 2 {{!}} |url=http://blog.africabespoke.com/okavango-delta-part-2/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621102937/http://blog.africabespoke.com/okavango-delta-part-2/ |archive-date=2018-06-21 |access-date=2026-05-31 |website=blog.africabespoke.com |language=en-US |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sannadaha aadka u roobka badan, qeyb ka mid ah qulqulka wabiga ayaa laga yaabaa inay u fidaan Wabiga Magweggana (dhab ahaantii waa [[wabi-gacmeed]] waqooyi-bari ee Okavango Delta) oo gala [[Wabiga Zambezi]], iyagoo dhaafaya [[Saxaraha Kalahari|Kalahari]]. == Gaadiidka fariisinta == Wabigu wuxuu sannadkii qaadaa 28,000 oo tan oo [[fariisin la hakiyay]] iyo qaddar la mid ah culeyska sariirta ilaa qoyan-xilliyeedka terminalka.<ref name="hani">{{cite journal |last1=Hanibal Lemma |first1=iyo asxaabtiisa |title=Bedload transport measurements in the Gilgel Abay River, Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia |journal=Journal of Hydrology |date=2019 |volume=577 |article-number=123968 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.123968 |bibcode=2019JHyd..57723968L |s2cid=199099061 }}</ref> Inta badan fariisinka qaybaha ah ee uu qaado wabigu waa bacaad wanaagsan, oo leh xoogaa dhoobo ah iyo dhiiqo, taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay dhismaha juqraafiyeed ee dooxada Wabiga Okavango kaas oo inta badan uu hoos maro bacaadka Kalahari. Waxaa jira uruurin hoose oo ah adkaha milmay ee biyaha wabiga - qiyaastii 40&nbsp;mg/L, oo inta badan ka kooban silica, calcium iyo magnesium bicarbonates - laakiin adkahan milmay waxay sameeyaan qaybta ugu weyn ee fariisinka loo qaado delta sababtoo ah qaddarka biyaha sannadlaha ah waa mid aad u weyn.<ref name="SafGeo">{{cite journal |last1=McCarthy |first1=T S |title= The okavango delta and its place in the geomorphological evolution of Southern Africa |journal=South African Journal of Geology |date=October 2013 |volume=116 |issue=1 |pages=1–54 |doi=10.2113/gssajg.116.1.1|bibcode=2013SAJG..116....1M }}</ref> == Taariikh == Intii lagu jiray xilliyadii qaboobaha ee taariikhda Dhulka, qeyb ka mid ah Kalahari waxay ahayd haro weyn, oo loo yaqaan [[Harada Makgadikgadi]]. Waqtigan, Okavango waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah wabi-gacmeedyadiisa ugu waaweyn. [[File:Cuito and Okavango (2018).jpg|thumb|Isku biirka Cuito (laga soo bilaabo sare) iyo Okavango (qulqulaya bidix ilaa midig) (2018)<br />{{Coord|18|01|40|S| 020|47|31|E|display=inline|dim:10000}}]] == Khilaafka biyaha == Labada Namibia iyo Botswana waxay la kulmaan abaaro, natiijo ahaan, walaac ayaa laga muujiyay khilaaf suurtagal ah oo ku saabsan isticmaalka biyaha wabiga. Namibia waxay dhistay kanaalka biyaha, oo dhererkiisu yahay qiyaastii 300&nbsp;km, waxayna soo jeedisay mashruuc lagu dhisayo dhuun 250&nbsp;km ah si looga leexiyo biyaha wabiga loo geeyo Namibia si ay u caawiso yareynta abaarta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWrEcl2ydzEC&pg=PA294|title=Resource Politics in Sub-Saharan Africa|last=Basedau|first=Matthias|date=2005-01-01|publisher=GIGA-Hamburg|isbn=978-3-928049-91-7|pages=294|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z3ilzosWx4wC&pg=PA96|title=Management of Transboundary Rivers and Lakes|last1=Varis|first1=Olli|last2=Tortajada|first2=Cecilia|last3=Biswas|first3=Asit K.|date=2008-03-15|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-540-74928-8|pages=96|language=en}}</ref> Botswana, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay isticmaashaa Okavango Delta labadaba dakhliga dalxiiska iyo ilaha biyaha. Waaxda Arrimaha Biyaha ee Botswana waxay soo gudbisay in 97% biyaha wabiga ay ku lumaan uumiga, sidaas darteed dalku ma awoodo inuu lumiyo wax biyo ah oo dheeraad ah. Namibia, dhankeeda, waxay ku doodday inay leexin doonto oo kaliya nus ka mid ah boqolkiiba qulqulka wabiga, iyo inay xaq u leedahay wixii biyo ah ee ku qulqula dhulkeeda. Si wax looga qabto arrimahaas oo kale, bishii Sebtembar 1994, Angola, Namibia, iyo Botswana waxay saxiixdeen heshiis dhinacyo badan leh si ay u sameeyaan Komishanka Biyaha ee Dooxada Wabiga Okavango ee Joogtada ah, si ay talooyin u siiyaan saddexda waddan oo ku saabsan hababka ugu wanaagsan ee loo wadaagi karo kheyraadka Wabiga Okavango.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> === Sahaminta shidaalka === [[ReconAfrica]], oo ah shirkad sahaminta batroolka oo xarunteedu tahay [[Canada]], waxay heshay shatiyo sahamin oo loogu talagalay in ka badan 13,600 mayl laba jibaaran oo dhul ah oo ku yaal [[Gobolkii Kavango]] ee hore ee Namibia iyo gudaha [[Botswana]]. Bishii Janaayo 2021 ReconAfrica waxay ku dhawaaqday bilowga hawlaha qodista ee ceelka sahaminta ugu horreeya. Dadka u dhaqdhaqaaqa deegaanka ayaa muujiyay walaac ah in qorshayaasha ReconAfrica ee ceelashooda tijaabada ah aan si habboon loogu baarin habka dib u eegista deegaanka ee Namibia, si kastaba ha ahaatee ReconAfrica iyo labada dawladood ee Namibia iyo Botswana waxay sheegeen in hawlaha shirkadu ay raaceen habkii saxda ahaa iyo in aysan jiri doonin wax jajabin ah (fracking).<ref name=":5">{{cite web |title=ReconAfrica Environmental, Social, and Governance |url=https://reconafrica.com/our-sustainable-approach/environmental-social-governance/ |access-date=20 May 2021}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{cite press release |title=Press release - Clarity on explorative activities by Reconnaissance Energy Botswana |url=https://twitter.com/bwgovernment/status/1359497088128733191 |website=twitter.com |access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite web |title=Factual Response to article titled: "Oil Drillers Threaten Okavango Ecosystem" |url=http://www.mme.gov.na/news/73/No-Fracking-Activities-will-be-conducted-In-the-Okavango-Delta |website=mme.gov.na |access-date=30 April 2021 |archive-date=18 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518042410/http://www.mme.gov.na/news/73/No-Fracking-Activities-will-be-conducted-In-the-Okavango-Delta |url-status=dead }}</ref> Aagga qodista ee ReconAfrica wuxuu ku yaal gobolka [[Kavango West]] kaas oo leh beerta ilaalinta ee dalal badan, lix kayd oo duurjoog ah oo maxalli ah oo la maareeyo, iyo hal goob oo [[UNESCO World Heritage]] ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee shatiga qodista kuma jiro mid ka mid ah aagahan la ilaaliyo.<ref>[https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/news/reconafrica-start-drilling-first-well-kavango-basin-namibia/ ReconAfrica waxay bilowday qodista ceelka ugu horreeya ee Kavango Basin, Namibia]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210219215106/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/oil-drilling-fracking-planned-okavango-wilderness Qodista saliidda, jajabinta suurtagalka ah ee loo qorsheeyay gobolka Okavango—kutaalka ugu dambeeya ee maroodiyaasha]</ref> == Tixraac == {{Reflist}} == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons}} {{Portal|Juqraafiga|Afrika}} * [http://www.okacom.org/ OKACOM Bogga hore] {{Authority control}} edgrq4nlrtw8vnqb7ohlf9q6xn0c5pd 0 49082 309240 302088 2026-09-23T10:39:49Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river | name = Webiga Logiya | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Ethiopia | subdivision_type1 = Dal | subdivision_name1 = [[Itoobiya]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Gobollada Itoobiya|Gobollada]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Gobolka Cafarta|Cafarta]], [[Gobolka Amxaarada|Amxaarada]] | length = {{cvt|212|km}}<ref name="HydroSHEDS">{{Cite journal |last=Lehner |first=Bernhard |last2=Verdin |first2=Kristine |last3=Jarvis |first3=Andy |date=2008-03-04 |title=New Global Hydrography Derived From Spaceborne Elevation Data |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008eo100001 |journal=Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union |volume=89 |issue=10 |pages=93–94 |doi=10.1029/2008eo100001 |issn=0096-3941}}</ref> | discharge1_location = Afka<ref name="HydroSHEDS" /> | discharge1_min = {{cvt|1.09|m3/s}} | discharge1_avg = {{cvt|11.8|m3/s}} | discharge1_max = {{cvt|55.1|m3/s}} | source1 = [[Buuraleyda Itoobiya]] | source1_coordinates = {{coord|11|42|21|N|39|33|14|E|display=it}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|3392|m}} | mouth = [[Webiga Awaash|Awaash]] | mouth_location = Meel u dhow [[Logiya]] | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|11|43|09|N|40|59|58|E}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|391|m}} | progression = [[Webiga Awaash|Awaash]] → [[Harada Abbe]] | river_system = Bassin-ka Awaash | basin_size = {{cvt|3520|km2}} | basin_population = 140,000<ref>Liu, L., Cao, X., Li, S., & Jie, N. (2023). GlobPOP: A 31-year (1990-2020) global gridded population dataset generated by cluster analysis and statistical learning (1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10088105</ref> | cities = [[Logiya]] }} '''Logiya''', ama '''Logia''', waa wabi ku yaal bariga-dhexe ee [[Itoobiya]], waana wabi laamoodka dhanka bidix ka xiga [[Webiga Awaash]]. == Socodka == Logiya waxay ka kacdaa [[Buuraleyda Itoobiya]], ka dibna waxay u qulqushaa dhanka bari si ay ugu biirto Awaash meel u dhow [[Semera]], oo ka hooseeya [[Koka Dam|Biyo-xireenka Tendaho]].{{sfn|OpenStreetMap}} Waxay dhex martaa dhulalka hoose ee fidsan oo leh xuduudo buuraley ah oo ku yaal [[Rift-ka Weyn]] ee waqooyi-bari Itoobiya. == Bassin-ka == Bassin-ka Logiya waa qayb ka mid ah Bassin-ka Webiga Awaash ee Hoose (LARB). Qaybta sare waxay ku taal [[Aagga Wollo ee Waqooyi]] ee [[Gobolka Amxaarada]]. Hoos u sii socoshada waxay ku taal [[Gobolka Cafarta]].{{sfn|Jilo|Gebremariam|Harka|Woldemariam|2019|p=2}} Bassin-ka Logiya wuxuu ku yaal galbeedka Webiga Awaash, wuxuuna daboolaa bed dhan {{convert|3520|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="HydroSHEDS" /> Joogyadu waxay u dhexeeyaan {{convert|384|ilaa|2487|m}} ka sarreeya heerka badda.{{sfn|Argaw|2008|p=94}} Celceliska dhererka waa {{convert|890.6|m}} ka sarreeya heerka badda. Celceliska heerkulka sannadlaha ah waa {{convert|20.8|C}} qaybaha ugu sarreeya iyo {{convert|29|C}} qaybta hoose.{{sfn|Jilo|Gebremariam|Harka|Woldemariam|2019|p=3}} Bassin-ku waa badanaa dhul-hoosaad oomane ah, oo leh heerkul iyo roob isbedbeddela.{{sfn|Jilo|Gebremariam|Harka|Woldemariam|2019|p=2}} Daboosha dhulka waxaa ka mid ah harro-da cawska ah, geedaha, iyo ciid qaawan oo leh dhir aad u yar.{{sfn|Jilo|Gebremariam|Harka|Woldemariam|2019|p=5}} Bassin-ku wuxuu la il daran yahay xumaanshaha daran ee ciidda iyo saxaraha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, gaar ahaan qaybaha sare xilliyada roobka badan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay la kulmaan fatahaad.{{sfn|Jilo|Gebremariam|Harka|Woldemariam|2019|pp=2–3}} == Hydrology == Xilliga roobka ugu weyn waa laga bilaabo Juun ilaa Sebteembar. Xilliga abaaraha waa laga bilaabo Oktoobar ilaa Janaayo, xilliga roobka yarna waa laga bilaabo Febraayo ilaa Maajo. Celceliska roobka sannadlaha ah wuxuu u dhexeeyaa {{convert|1600|mm}} buuraleyda ilaa {{convert|160|mm}} dhulka hoose.{{sfn|Jilo|Gebremariam|Harka|Woldemariam|2019|p=3}} == Sidoo kale eeg == *[[Liiska webiyada Itoobiya]] == Tixraacyo == {{reflist |25em}} == Isha == {{refbegin}} *{{citation |title=Evaluation of the Impacts of Climate Change on Sediment Yield from the Logiya Watershed, Lower Awash Basin, Ethiopia |journal=[[Hydrology (MDPI journal)|Hydrology]] |year=2019 |volume=6 |issue=3 |doi=10.3390/hydrology6030081 |last1=Jilo |first1=Nura Boru |last2=Gebremariam |first2=Bogale |last3=Harka |first3=Arus Edo |last4=Woldemariam |first4=Gezahegn Weldu |last5=Behulu |first5=Fiseha |page=81 }} *{{citation |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/704159531#map=14/11.7198/40.9989 |access-date=2020-12-24 |title=Way: Logiya (704159531) |ref={{harvid|OpenStreetMap}} |work=OpenStreetMap}} *{{citation |url=http://213.55.95.56/bitstream/handle/123456789/2648/Yidenkachew%20Argaw.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2020-12-25 |first=Yidenkachew |last=Argaw |type=Thesis |date=Juun 2008 |publisher=Jaamacadda Addis Ababa |title=Flood Frequency Analysis for Lower Awash Subbasin [tributaries from Northern Wollo High Lands] using Swat 2005 Model}} {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{refend}} nbw0uc247wipxr9jo62y0o63g5436zj 0 49990 309236 303941 2026-09-23T09:43:38Z Asterix789 47520 309236 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Bleialf |image_photo = |image_coa = Wappen der OG Bleialf.svg |coordinates = {{coord|50|14|22|N|6|17|11|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Bleialf in BIT.svg |state = |district = Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm |Verbandsgemeinde = Prüm |elevation = 485 |area = 7.55 |postal_code = 54608 |area_code = 06555 |licence = BIT |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 32 206 |website = [https://www.bleialf.de/ www.bleialf.de] |mayor = Richard Heinz<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2320000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 6 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 |party = }} '''Bleialf''' waa degmo ka tirsan gobolka [[Bitburg-Prüm|degmada Bitburg-Prüm]], ee [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], galbeedka [[Jarmalka]]. == Juqraafiga == Bleialf waxay ku taallaa [[North Eifel Nature Park]]. Webiga [[Alfbach (Prüm)|Alfbach]] wuxuu dhex maraa tuulada. == Indhacadayn == Waxaa jira ceel macdan qadiimi ah iyo marinno aan la isticmaalin, oo hadda u furan dadweynaha.<ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.besucherbergwerk.bleialf.org/index.html | title =Besucherbergwerk Bleialf | publisher =Besucherbergwerk "Mühlenberger Stollen" | language =German | trans-title =exhibition mine Bleialf | access-date =28 March 2015 | url-status =dead | archive-date =24 Bisha Shanaad 2015 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20150524051809/http://www.besucherbergwerk.bleialf.org/index.html }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.rhein-eifel.tv/bergwerk-bleialf.htm | title =Besucherbergwerk"Mühlenberger Stollen" in Bleialf, Schneifel | publisher =Rhein-Eifel.tv | language =German | trans-title =exhibition mine"Mühlenberger Stollen" in Bleialf, Schneifel | access-date =28 March 2015 | url-status =dead | archive-date =24 Bisha Shanaad 2014 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20140524020521/http://www.rhein-eifel.tv/bergwerk-bleialf.htm }}</ref> ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} bbpkhz619w0i4fwapsvqcksuqhxcd3x 0 51998 309142 307790 2026-09-23T04:19:10Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |name = Gilzem |type = |image_photo = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_coa = Wappen Gilzem.png |coordinates = {{coord|49|52|07|N|6|31|10|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Gilzem in BIT.svg |state = |district = Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm |Verbandsgemeinde = Südeifel |elevation = 320-410 |area = 4.98 |postal_code = 54298 |area_code = 06506 |licence = BIT |Gemeindeschlüssel = 07 2 32 225 |website = [http://www.suedeifelinfo.de/index.php/2014-04-02-10-51-07/gemeinden-der-vg-suedeifel Gilzem at site www.suedeifelinfo.de] |mayor = Martina Thies<ref>[https://www.wahlen.rlp.de/de/kw/wahlen/kd/gebiete/2320000000000.html Direktwahlen 2019, Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm], Landeswahlleiter Rheinland-Pfalz, accessed 6 August 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2019&ndash;24 |Bürgermeistertitel = Ortsbürgermeister |party = }} '''Gilzem''' waa degmo ku taal degmada [[Bitburg-Prüm|Bitburg-Prüm]], ee [[Rhineland-Palatinate]], galbeedka [[Germany]]. ==Tixraacyada== {{Reflist}} ==Xiriirinta dibadda== * [http://gilzemer.de/ private website from and dedicated to Gilzem] {{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Authority control}} a6qhunqkvkxqjlf1p0unzf4qeltxd6e 0 52392 309221 308311 2026-09-23T06:18:51Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309221 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |type = Stadt |image_photo = |image_coa = Wappen Leuna.svg |coordinates = {{coord|51|19|N|12|01|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Leuna in SK.svg |state = |district = Saalekreis |Verwaltungsgemeinschaft = Leuna-Kötzschau |elevation = 99 |area = 87.71 |postal_code = 06237 |area_code = 03461 |licence = SK |Gemeindeschlüssel = 15 0 88 205 |divisions = 5 |website = [http://www.leuna-stadt.de/ www.leuna-stadt.de] |mayor = Michael Bedla<ref>[https://wahlergebnisse.sachsen-anhalt.de/wahlen/bmbm/index.html Bürgermeisterwahlen in den Gemeinden, Endgültige Ergebnisse], [[Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt]], accessed 10 November 2022.</ref> |leader_term = 2022&ndash;29 |party = CDU }} '''Leuna''' ({{IPA|de|ˈlɔʏna|-|De-Leuna.ogg}}) waa magaalo ka tirsan [[Saxony-Anhalt]], bariga [[Germany]], oo koonfur kaga beegan [[Merseburg]] iyo [[Halle, Saxony-Anhalt|Halle]], oo ku taal webiga [[Saale]]. Magaalada waxaa lagu yaqaanaa ''[[Leuna works|Leunawerke]]'', oo baaxaddeedu tahay 13&nbsp;km² waana mid ka mid ah dhismaha warshadaha [[chemical]] ee ugu waaweyn Jarmalka,<ref>[http://www.infraleuna.de/cms_e/index.php?the_area InfraLeuna]</ref> halkaas oo tiro badan oo kiimikooyin iyo balaastiig ah la soo saaro. Sannadkii 1960-kii, dadweynaha Leuna waxay ahaayeen ku dhowaad 10,000, laakiin ka dib [[German reunification|midowgii Jarmalka]] shaqo la'aanta badan iyo xaaladaha nolosha oo liidata, oo ay ku jiraan [[pollution]] ka yimid warshadaha u dhow, ayaa sababay in dad badani guurayaan. Kahor 31 Diseembar 2009 oo ay ku midoobeen toban degmo oo deris la ah,<ref>[https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Laender-Regionen/Regionales/Gemeindeverzeichnis/Namens-Grenz-Aenderung/2009-januar-dezmber.html Gebietsänderungen vom 02. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2009], [[Statistisches Bundesamt]]</ref> dadkeedu waxay hoos ugu dhaceen 6,670. ==Juqraafiga== Magaalada Leuna waxay ka kooban tahay Leuna saxda ah iyo 10-ka ''Ortschaften'' ama qaybaha degmada ee soo socda:<ref name=Hauptsatzung>[https://www.leuna.de/de/datei/download/id/47696,1201/hauptsatzung_der_stadt_leuna.pdf Hauptsatzung der Stadt Leuna] {{Wayback|url=https://www.leuna.de/de/datei/download/id/47696,1201/hauptsatzung_der_stadt_leuna.pdf |date=20220814205819 }}, July 2020.</ref> {{div col|colwidth=15em}} *[[Friedensdorf]] *[[Günthersdorf]] *[[Horburg-Maßlau]] *[[Kötschlitz]] *[[Kötzschau]] *[[Kreypau]] *[[Rodden]] *[[Spergau]] *[[Zöschen]] *[[Zweimen]] {{div col end}} == Dhaqaalaha == {{main article|Leuna works}} [[File:Industrie- und Chemiepark Infraleuna Leuna Total Raffinerie ehem Leunawerke Sachsen-Anhalt Foto 2009 Wolfgang Pehlemann DSCN2964.jpg|thumb|upright 1.4|Xaafadda warshadaha iyo kiimikada ee Leuna (2007)]] Goobta warshadaha ee Leuna waxay fidisaa in ka badan 13 [[square kilometer|km²]], taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ka mid ah goobaha [[chemical industry]] ee ugu waaweyn Jarmalka marka la eego baaxadda dhulka.<ref>[http://www.infraleuna.de/cms_e/index.php?the_area InfraLeuna Welcome to InfraLeuna]</ref> Bilowgii qarnigii 21-aad, badeecooyin kiimiko ah oo kala duwan iyo balaastiig ayaa halkaas lagu sameeyaa. Warshad tijaabo ah oo lagu soo saaro [[isobutylene]] oo laga soo saaro kaydka dhirta waxaa dhisaya shirkadda [[France|Faransiiska]] ee [[Global Bioenergies]]<ref>{{cite journal|language=fr|url=http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/global-bioenergies-va-construire-un-pilote-de-bioproduction-d-isobutene-en-allemagne.N220112|website=usinenouvelle.com|title=Global Bioenergies va construire un pilote de bioproduction d'isobutène en Allemagne|author=Thierry Lucas |date=21 November 2013|access-date=15 September 2015}}.</ref> waxaana la filayay inay bilowdo intii lagu guda jiray 2016.<ref>{{cite journal|language=fr|url=http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/global-bioenergies-et-cristal-union-s-associent-pour-produire-50-000-tonnes-par-an-d-isobutene-biosource.N331220|website=usinenouvelle.com|title=Global Bioenergies et Cristal Union s'associent pour produire 50 000 tonnes par an d'isobutène biosourcé|author=Thierry Lucas|date=22 May 2015|access-date=15 September 2015}}.</ref> [[File:Bad Duerrenberg Saale Leuna.jpg|thumb|left|Aragtida laga soo bilaabo [[Bad Dürrenberg]]]] == Dad caan ah == [[File:Christian August Crusius.jpg|thumb|150px|Christian August Crusius sanadkii 1747]] * [[Christian August Crusius]] (1715–1775), faylasoof iyo theologian evangelical ah * [[Wolfram Adolphi]] (dhalatay 1951), wariye iyo saynis yahan siyaasadeed ==Tixraacyada== {{commons category|Leuna}} {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} ohl2b53hhup96zriqj4frafpswfkbu6 0 52629 309224 308767 2026-09-23T06:56:38Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309224 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Markt Indersdorf COA.svg |image_photo = Markt Indersdorf - Kloster - Panorama.jpg |image_caption = Indersdorf Abbey |coordinates = {{coord|48|22|N|11|22|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Markt Indersdorf in DAH.svg |state = |region = Oberbayern |district = Dachau |elevation = 471 |area = 68.60 |postal_code = 85229 |area_code = 08136 |licence = DAH |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 1 74 131 |website = [https://www.markt-indersdorf.de/ www.markt-indersdorf.de] |mayor = Franz Obesser<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], accessed 19 Luulyo 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 |party = CSU }} '''Markt Indersdorf''' waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan degmada [[Dachau (district)|Dachau]] ee [[Bavaria]] ee [[Germany|Jarmalka]]. ==Juqraafiga== Markt Indersdorf waxay ku taal wabiga [[Glonn (Amper)|Glonn]]. Webiga Glonn wuxuu kala qaybiyaa labada magaaladood ee ugu waaweyn Markt Indersdorf iyo Kloster (keniisad) Indersdorf. Markt Indersdorf waa magaalada ugu weyn ee ku taal dhulka hoose ee Dachau iyada oo leh goob dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku dhex taal degmada Dachau. Tuulooyinka u dhow waa Langenpettenbach, Engelbrechtsmühle, Glonn, Karphofen, Strassbach, iyo Untermoosmühle. Tuulooyinka kale ee sii fog waa [[Ainhofen]], [[Eichstock]], Langenpettenbach iyo Hirtlbach. ==Taariikhda== Aagga ku xeeran Indersdorf waxaa soo degdegay dad bilyan oo sano ka hor. Haraadiga qaab-dhismeedka Celtic/[[Vindelici]] ee u dhow Arnzell (inta u dhaxeysa Indersdorf iyo Altomünster) ayaa la helay.<ref>Die Viereckschanze Arnzell (German). http://www.kraftvolle-orte.de/2010/10/viereckschanze-arnzell/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.kraftvolle-orte.de/2010/10/viereckschanze-arnzell/ |date=20211023021847 }}</ref> [[Roman road|Waddo Roman]] ah oo ka timid Salzburg ilaa Augsburg ayaa soo martay keymka koonfur-bari ee Indersdorf. Wadada ayaa markii dambe loo isticmaali jiray ganacsiga dibi/lo'da ee Qarniyadii Dhexe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geschichtliche Daten {{!}} Markt Markt Indersdorf |url=https://www.markt-indersdorf.de/die-gemeinde/geschichte/geschichtliche-daten/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.markt-indersdorf.de}}</ref><ref>Christina Dalhede: Zum Europäischen Ochsenhandel: Das Beispiel Augsburg 1560 und 1578. Scripta Mercaturae Verlag, St. Katharinen 1992, ISBN 3-928134-69-8</ref> Magaca "Indersdorf" wuxuu tixraaci karaa magaca Baaria ee "Undeo" ama "Undio", oo ka shaqaynayay wadaad ahaan Indersdorf qarnigii 9aad. Indersdorf waxaa markii ugu horreysay lagu xusay dokumenti sannadkii 972 Milodadiyada. [[Augustinians|Augustinian]] [[monastery|keniisad]] iyo kaniisad, oo lagu sharfayo [[Assumption of Mary|Munaasabadda Maryama]] (Klosterkirche Maria Himmelfahrt) waxaa la aas aasay 1120 amar ka yimid [[Otto IV, Count of Scheyern|Count Otto IV. von Wittelsbach]], oo ahayd kaffarid dembiyadiisii ahayd afduubka [[Pope Paschal II]] intii lagu jiray ololaha milatari ee Talyaaniga oo uu la lahaa [[Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor|Boqor Henry V]] 1120 Milodadiyada. Kaniisadda iyo keniisaddu waxay noqdeen xarun dhaqaale iyo mid ruuxi ah oo ka tirsan aagga. Sannadkii 1223 suufiyadu waxay aasaaseen dugsi keniisad ah. Intii lagu guda jiray [[Thirty Years' War|Dagaalkii Soddonka Sanno]] magaalada waxaa boobay Swedan-ka 1632 iyo 1634. Sannadkii 1635 cudurka daacuunka ayaa dillaacay.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geschichte des Klosters {{!}} |url=https://www.900-jahre-kloster-indersdorf.de/jubilaeum-900-jahre/geschichte-des-klosters/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.900-jahre-kloster-indersdorf.de |archive-date=2024-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222162602/https://www.900-jahre-kloster-indersdorf.de/jubilaeum-900-jahre/geschichte-des-klosters/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sannadkii 1704, intii lagu jiray [[War of the Spanish Succession|Dagaalkii Dhaxalka Spain]], ciidan ka tirsan Ingiriiska iyo Austria ayaa ka gudbay wabiga Danube waxayna bilaabeen inay dhacaan qaybo ka mid ah Baaria. Suufiyada keniisadda ee Indersdorf waxay ku qasbanaadeen inay u cararaan Munich. Sida uu qabo hal diiwaan kaniisad: "sababtoo ah ka dib [[Battle of Blenheim|Dagaalkii Höchstädt]] ciidamadii cadowga waxay si buuxda ugu soo galeen Baaria iyagoo sii maraya Augsburg waxayna wax walba ku boobeen Indersdorf 19kii Ogoosto".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kirchen und Kapellen im Landkreis Dachau |url=http://kirchenundkapellen.de/marktindersdorf-portal-1024.htm |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=kirchenundkapellen.de}}</ref> Farmashiyaha keniisadda waxaa la dhisay 1790, waxaana ku xigtay warshad khamri oo keniisad ah 1803, taas oo hadda loo beddelay 'Wirsthaus' iyo 'Biergarten' ilaa 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stocker |first=Robert |date=2016-11-04 |title=In die Klosterbrauerei Indersdorf kehrt neues Leben ein |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/dachau/markt-indersdorf-sensible-sanierung-1.3233335 |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=Süddeutsche.de |language=de}}</ref> [[File:Wening M080 Indersdorf, Kloster.jpg|thumb|Monastery in Indersdorf around 1700]] Sannadkii 1856 Gabdhaha Naxariista ee [[Vincent de Paul|St. Vincent de Paul]] waxay dejiyeen xarun agoomo ah. Laga soo bilaabo 1990-meeyadii, kii ugu dambeeyay ee suufiyada ayaa guuray oo keniisaddu mar dambe ma shaqaynayso. Si kastaba ha ahaatee [[Archdiocese of Munich and Freising]] ayaa weli leh kaniisadda iyo hantida. Isbitaal ayaa laga dhisay Indersdorf 1869, kaas oo weli jira ilaa maanta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Willkommen |url=https://www.helios-gesundheit.de/standorte-angebote/kliniken/indersdorf/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.helios-gesundheit.de |language=de}}</ref> Sannadkii 1882, oo uu ku dhawaaqay [[Ludwig II of Bavaria|Boqor Ludwig II]], magaca bulshada waxaa si rasmi ah looga beddelay Indersdorf oo loogu magac daray Markt Indersdorf.<ref>Wilhelm Volkert (Hrsg.): Handbuch der bayerischen Ämter, Gemeinden und Gerichte 1799–1980. C. H. Beck, München 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7, S. 443.</ref> Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in magaaladu ay hadda leedahay [[Market town#German-language area|xuquuq ay ku qabato suuqyo waaweyn oo dadweyne]] (Jarmal: ''Marktrecht''). Sannadkii 1912/1913 wadadii tareenada ee ugu horreysay ee u dhaxeysa [[Dachau, Bavaria|Dachau]] iyo [[Altomünster]] waxay martay Markt Indersdorf.<ref>Armin Franzke, Hartmut Klust, Ursula Nauderer: ’s Bockerl. 80 Jahre Lokalbahn Dachau-Altomünster. Hrsg.: Zweckverband Dachauer Galerien und Museen. Bezirksmuseum, Dachau 1993, S. 24, 26–31, 34, 41–44.</ref> Sannadkii 1938, guri carruureed ayaa lagu dhisay keniisadda. Intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka, "barxadda carruurta" waxaa la dhisay 1944 dhallaanka shaqaalaha qasabka ah ee ajnabiga ah ee ka yimid Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Poland, kuwaas oo inta badan ka dhashay xadgudub. 32 carruur ah oo halkaas degganaa ayaa ka dhintay daryeel xumo iyo nafaqo-xumo.<ref>Gedenkstätten für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus. Eine Dokumentation, Band 1. Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0, S. 163</ref> Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka ka dib, [[United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration]] waxay ka samaysay xarun soo dhaweyn ah carruurtii lagu silciyay Naasigii keniisaddii hore.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Emonts |first=Benjamin |date=2015-12-10 |title=Die geretteten Kinder von Indersdorf |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/dachau/markt-indersdorf-die-geretteten-kinder-von-indersdorf-1.2775402 |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=Süddeutsche.de |language=de}} </ref> Ka dib dib-u-habeyntii gobolka Baaria ee 1972, dhowr bulsho oo u dhow ayaa lagu daray Markt Indersdorf. Horraantii qarnigii 21aad, Markt Indersdorf wuxuu kor u kacay oo wuxuu noqday xarunta dhexe ee degmada Dachau. Waxaa jiray horumarino kala duwan oo dhanka kaabayaasha ah sida waddooyinka taraafikada oo la hagaajiyay, qaab-dhismeedka dugsiga, daryeelka caafimaadiga, iyo dhaqaalaha iyo ganacsiga. Korontaynta khadka tareenka rakaabka ee S-Bahn (S2) ee ku saabsan [[Dachau–Altomünster railway|wadada Altomünster-Dachau]] waxaa la dhammeeyay 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2014-04-02 |title=Ein Kraftakt |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/dachau/linie-a-ein-kraftakt-1.1927491 |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=Süddeutsche.de |language=de}} </ref> Sannadkii 2020 Markt Indersdorf waxay u dabaaldegatay sannad-guuradii 900aad ee aasaaska keniisadda iyo kaniisadda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee inta badan dabaaldegyada waa la joojiyay sababtoo ah [[COVID-19 pandemic in Germany|cudurka faafa ee COVID-19 ee Jarmalka]]. ==Siyaasadda== Duqa magaalada ee hadda (Bürgermeister) ee Markt Indersdorf waa Franz Obesser (CSU) ilaa 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grusswort des 1. Bürgermeisters {{!}} Markt Markt Indersdorf |url=https://www.markt-indersdorf.de/die-gemeinde/grusswort-des-1-buergermeisters/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.markt-indersdorf.de}} </ref> Tirada dadka Markt Indersdorf, laga bilaabo 2019, waa 10,921 qof.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zahlen und Fakten {{!}} Markt Markt Indersdorf |url=https://www.markt-indersdorf.de/aktuelles/zahlen-und-fakten/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=www.markt-indersdorf.de}}</ref> [[File:Markt Indersdorf - Kloster v W.jpg|thumb|Markt Indersdorf (2018)]] ==Dhaqanka iyo Ciyaaraha== Markt Indersdorf waxay bixisaa socod badan iyo waddooyinka baaskiilka, kuwaas oo dhex mara Dooxada Glonn iyo muuqaallada buuraleyda ah ee kala duwan. Munaaraddii asalka ahayd ee Qarniyadii Dhexe ('Schneiderturm', oo u dhow kaniisadda keniisadda) waxaa loo beddelay Matxaf (Augustiner-Chorherren-Museum) ilaa 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Museum |url=https://augustiner-chorherren-museum.de/de/home |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=Augustiner Chorherren Museum - Indersdorf |language=de}}</ref> Indersdorfer Volksfest waxay dhacdaa xagaaga kasta. Waxaa jira Adventsmarkt sannadle ah oo ku yaal fagaaraha kaniisadda keniisadda ka hor ciidda Masiixiga. Waxa kale oo jira [[Carnaval|Banaanbax Carnaval]] oo sannadle ah (Fasching) oo dhex mara Indersdorf Axadda ka hor Arbacooyinka dambaska. Kooxda ciyaaraha ee magaalada waa TSV Indersdorf 1907 e.V.<ref>TSV Indersdorf 1907 e.V. https://www.tsv-indersdorf.de/39-fussball/fussball.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.tsv-indersdorf.de/39-fussball/fussball.html |date=20210429193719 }}</ref> Markt Indersdorf u dhow waa koorsada golf-ka ee 18-dalool ee 'Gut Häusern'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Englisch {{!}} Münchner Golf Eschenried - Golf München |url=https://www.muenchner-golf-eschenried.de/englisch/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |language=de-DE}} </ref> ==Xiriirinta dibadda== * [https://www.markt-indersdorf.de/ Website von Markt Indersdorf] (Jarmal) * Hans Schertl: [http://kirchenundkapellen.de/marktindersdorf-portal-1024.htm Churches and Chapels in and around Markt Indersdorf] (Jarmal) ==Tixraacyada== {{Reflist}} cvpmaocr6th0c2p8ltw6h8i4lm9fgov 0 52741 309227 308793 2026-09-23T07:10:45Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |image_coa = DEU Mengkofen COA.svg |image_photo = Schloss (Kloster) Mengkofen.JPG |image_caption = Qasriga Mengkofen |coordinates = {{coord|48|43|N|12|26|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Mengkofen in DGF.png |state = |region = Niederbayern |district = Dingolfing-Landau |elevation = 398 |area = 86.00 |postal_code = 84152 |area_code = 08733, 08774, 09427 |licence = DGF |Gemeindeschlüssel = 09 2 79 127 |divisions = 10 [[Ortschaft]]en |website = {{official website|http://www.mengkofen.de/}} |mayor = Thomas Hieninger<ref>[https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden], [[Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik]], 15 July 2021.</ref> |leader_term = 2020&ndash;26 |party = CSU }} '''Mengkofen''' waa [[Municipalities of Germany|degmo]] ka tirsan deegaanka [[Dingolfing-Landau]] ee gobolka [[Bavaria]] ee dalka [[Germany]]. Waxay ku taal dooxada [[Aiterach River]]. ==Qaybaha== Degmadaan waxaa ku jira 10 degmo oo hore (''Gemarkungen''), iyo tuulooyin kale:<ref>{{in lang|de}} [http://www.mengkofen.de/index.php?id=3 Infos at municipal website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mengkofen.de/index.php?id=3 |date=20191020111519 }}</ref> *Hofdorf *Hüttenkofen *Martinsbuch *Mengkofen *Mühlhausen *Puchhausen *[[Süßkofen]] **[[Ginhart]] **Hagenau *Tunding *Tunzenberg *Weichshofen ==Tixraacyo== {{Reflist}} {{commonscat}} {{Authority control}} orpprn77w2qrel97ik4tbojl61ry6jb 0 52772 309229 308824 2026-09-23T07:19:44Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox German location |type = Gemeinde |name = Moormerland |image_coa = Wappen Moormerland.svg |coordinates = {{coord|53|19|11|N|7|25|22|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Moormerland in LER.svg |state = |district = Leer |elevation = 1 |area = 122 |postal_code = 26802 |area_code = 04954, 04945, 04924 |licence = LER |Gemeindeschlüssel = 03 4 57 014 |website = [http://moormerland.conne.net/ moormerland.conne.net] |mayor = Hendrik Schulz<ref name=mayor>{{cite web|url=https://wahlen.statistik.niedersachsen.de/SW2021/reports/DW/DW_Uebersicht.pdf|title=Stichwahlen zu Direktwahlen in Niedersachsen vom 26. September 2021|date=13 October 2021|publisher=[[Landesamt für Statistik Niedersachsen]]}}</ref> |leader_term = 2021&ndash;26 |party = SPD }} '''Moormerland''' waa degmo ka tirsan deegaanka [[Leer (district)|Leer]], ee gobolka [[Lower Saxony]], waqooyi-galbeed dalka [[Germany]]. == Taariikh == Moormerland waxaa la abuuray Janaayo 1, 1973 iyada oo la mideeyay iyo kow degmo oo madaxbannaan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geschichte // Gemeinde Moormerland |url=https://www.moormerland.de/rathaus/geschichte |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=www.moormerland.de |archive-date=2024-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530135228/https://www.moormerland.de/rathaus/geschichte |url-status=dead}}</ref> Kownka iyo kowda ah [[Ortschaft|Ortschaft]] ee ka kooban waa: {| class="wikitable" !Tuulada !Dadweynaha (2016) |- |[[Boekzetelerfehn]] |748 |- |[[Gandersum]] |85 |- |[[Hatshausen]] |602 |- |[[Jheringsfehn]] |2,440 |- |[[Neermoor]] |4,748 |- |[[Oldersum]] |1,533 |- |[[Rorichum]] |444 |- |[[Terborg, Germany|Terborg]] |105 |- |[[Tergast]] |457 |- |[[Veenhusen]] |4,157 |- |[[Warsingsfehn]] |7,951 |- |'''Wadortii''' |23,270 |} == Dad caan ah == *[[Friedhelm Erich Haak]] (dhashay 1945) - daabacaaye wargeys ==Tixraacyo== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} c2a3414qo8mouin04lqbreiqkpistl6 10 52824 308915 2026-09-22T13:04:54Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Template:Infobox islands]] 308915 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Infobox islands]] tafgvqj0xh8t0xj9nqv4wialzajw5ng 0 52825 308920 2026-09-22T13:22:39Z ~2026-51039-81 47503 Bog cusub: {{Sharraxaad kooban|Ku-dhaqanka casriga ah ee diintii Masar-tii hore}} {{Dhibaatooyin badan| {{U eg maqaal-ra'yi (essay)|taariikh=Agoosto 2022}} {{Ballaari luqadda |koodka_luqadda=cs |taariikh=Oktoobar 2020 }} }} [[File:Mezaenaset's_Senut_Kemetic_Shrine.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Meesha cibaadada ee Kemetiga (Kemetic shrine), oo ay ku yaallaan taallooyinka [[Bastet]], [[Sekhmet]], [[Anubis]], [[Nephthys]], [[Thoth]], iyo [[Serket]]]]{{Diintii Masar-tii hore}} '''Kemetism''' (oo sidoo k... 308920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Sharraxaad kooban|Ku-dhaqanka casriga ah ee diintii Masar-tii hore}} {{Dhibaatooyin badan| {{U eg maqaal-ra'yi (essay)|taariikh=Agoosto 2022}} {{Ballaari luqadda |koodka_luqadda=cs |taariikh=Oktoobar 2020 }} }} [[File:Mezaenaset's_Senut_Kemetic_Shrine.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Meesha cibaadada ee Kemetiga (Kemetic shrine), oo ay ku yaallaan taallooyinka [[Bastet]], [[Sekhmet]], [[Anubis]], [[Nephthys]], [[Thoth]], iyo [[Serket]]]]{{Diintii Masar-tii hore}} '''Kemetism''' (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Kemeticism''' ama '''Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkoodna loogu yeero '''Neterism''' oo laga soo dheegtay [[wikt:nṯr|netjer]] oo macnaheedu yahay "[[ilaah]]") waa diin [[Modern paganism|neopagan ah]] (diin casri ah oo dib-u-soo-noolaysay caqiidooyinkii hore ee dabiiciga/pagan-ka) oo ku salaysan [[ancient Egyptian religion|caqiidooyinkii Masar-tii hore]], taas oo soo ifbaxday sannadihii 1970-meeyadii. Qofka raaca Kemetism-ka waxaa loo yaqaan ''Kemetic''.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Diimaha Qadiimiga ah ee Adduunkeenna Casriga ah |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |taariikhda-helitaanka=18 Janaayo 2017 |hay'adda=[[Jaamacadda Gobolka Michigan]] |taariikhda=2 Oktoobar 2014 |goobta=USA |taariikhda-kaydka=28 Febraayo 2018 |url-ka-kaydka=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228030246/http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |xaalada-url-ka=aan-shaqaynayn }}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid kastaa ay qaadato hab u gaar ah oo ku saabsan caqiidadeeda, iyadoo u dhexeysa habka [[Eclecticism|isku-dhafka ah (eclectic)]] ilaa habka [[Polytheistic reconstructionist|dib-u-dhiska (reconstructionist)]]. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism-ka dib loo dhisay, habka [[Syncretism|isku-dhafka diimaha (syncretic)]], iyo [[Kemetic Orthodoxy]] oo aad ugu janjeerta caqiidada Ilaah-kaliya (monotheistic).<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Qoraalka Hieroglyph-ka ee "Kemet"|bidix]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqu wuxuu ku salaysan yahay magac ay dadka deegaanka u bixiyeen [[Masar|Masar]] (oo loo yaqaan *endonym*),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=Faransiis |access-date=2008-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219132633/http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |archive-date=2008-12-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=Ingiriis |access-date=2008-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911234223/http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|archive-date=2008-09-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Km_and_Km.t_(Kemet)_(hieroglyphs)|Kemet]] (waa qaab-dhawaaqidda caadiga ah ee qoraalka [[Hieroglyph-ka Masar|hieroglyph-ka]] ee ''km.t''). Ereygan mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa *Takemet*, oo ka soo jeeda qaabka buuxa ee *tꜣ km.t*.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Marka laga soo tarjumayo luqadda Masar-tii hore, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaabka dheer "dhul madow"), taas oo ka timid midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrinta leh ee uu keeno webiga Niil xilliga fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (kuwaas oo hadda aan dhicin sababo la xiriira jiritaanka biyo-xireenka Aswan). Dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemet-ka (Kemetics) waxay mararka qaarkood ilaahyada Masar-tii hore ugu yeeraan *Netjeru*, kuwaas oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan *Neteru* ama *Netjer*.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Sidoo kale, dadka Kemet-ka waxay inta badan doorbidaan inay *Netjeru* ugu yeeraan higgaadda caadiga ah ee cilmiga Masar-tii hore (Egyptology) ee magacoodii asalka ahaa: tusaale ahaan, waxay *Horus* ugu yeeraan *Heru* halka *Anubis* ay ugu yeeraan *Anpu*. == Dib-u-dhiska == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|Fikirka dhaqanka ee qadiimiga ah ee ku saabsan ilaaha qorraxda oo saaran doon; safarkiisa maalinlaha ah ee cirka dhexdiisa (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb|Isis-tii hore (Isis-ta Masar-tii hore) oo lagu muujiyay sawir casri ah; Waxay gacanta ku haysataa [[sistrum]] (qalab muusig oo qadiimi ah). Qaar ka mid ah dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemetic-ka ama [[Hermeticism|Hermeticists-ka]] ayaa sheeganaya inay xiriir toos ah la leeyihiin ururo qarsoodi ah oo la aaminsan yahay inay jireen tan iyo markii Boqorkii [[Rome|Roomaanka]] [[Theodosius I]] uu mamnuucay [[Paganism|diintii jaahiliga]] sanadkii 392-kii C.D., ama tan iyo markii Boqor [[Justinian I|Justinian]] uu xiray macbadkii ugu dambeeyay ee [[Masar|Masar]] ee shaqeynayay (kaas oo u gaar ahaa ilaahadda [[Isis]] oo ku taallay jasiiradda [[Philae]]) qiyaastii sanadkii 535-tii.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan laguma caddeyn karo dhanka taariikhda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |ye eill2660mhavl5xzpd0r1kpus2zwvu0 308921 308920 2026-09-22T13:28:35Z ~2026-51039-81 47503 308921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Sharraxaad kooban|Ku-dhaqanka casriga ah ee diintii Masar-tii hore}} {{Dhibaatooyin badan| {{U eg maqaal-ra'yi (essay)|taariikh=Agoosto 2022}} {{Ballaari luqadda |koodka_luqadda=cs |taariikh=Oktoobar 2020 }} }} [[File:Mezaenaset's_Senut_Kemetic_Shrine.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Meesha cibaadada ee Kemetiga (Kemetic shrine), oo ay ku yaallaan taallooyinka [[Bastet]], [[Sekhmet]], [[Anubis]], [[Nephthys]], [[Thoth]], iyo [[Serket]]]]{{Diintii Masar-tii hore}} '''Kemetism''' (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Kemeticism''' ama '''Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkoodna loogu yeero '''Neterism''' oo laga soo dheegtay [[wikt:nṯr|netjer]] oo macnaheedu yahay "[[ilaah]]") waa diin [[Modern paganism|neopagan ah]] (diin casri ah oo dib-u-soo-noolaysay caqiidooyinkii hore ee dabiiciga/pagan-ka) oo ku salaysan [[ancient Egyptian religion|caqiidooyinkii Masar-tii hore]], taas oo soo ifbaxday sannadihii 1970-meeyadii. Qofka raaca Kemetism-ka waxaa loo yaqaan ''Kemetic''.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Diimaha Qadiimiga ah ee Adduunkeenna Casriga ah |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |taariikhda-helitaanka=18 Janaayo 2017 |hay'adda=[[Jaamacadda Gobolka Michigan]] |taariikhda=2 Oktoobar 2014 |goobta=USA |taariikhda-kaydka=28 Febraayo 2018 |url-ka-kaydka=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228030246/http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |xaalada-url-ka=aan-shaqaynayn }}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid kastaa ay qaadato hab u gaar ah oo ku saabsan caqiidadeeda, iyadoo u dhexeysa habka [[Eclecticism|isku-dhafka ah (eclectic)]] ilaa habka [[Polytheistic reconstructionist|dib-u-dhiska (reconstructionist)]]. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism-ka dib loo dhisay, habka [[Syncretism|isku-dhafka diimaha (syncretic)]], iyo [[Kemetic Orthodoxy]] oo aad ugu janjeerta caqiidada Ilaah-kaliya (monotheistic).<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Qoraalka Hieroglyph-ka ee "Kemet"|bidix]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqu wuxuu ku salaysan yahay magac ay dadka deegaanka u bixiyeen [[Masar|Masar]] (oo loo yaqaan *endonym*),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=Faransiis |access-date=2008-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219132633/http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |archive-date=2008-12-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=Ingiriis |access-date=2008-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911234223/http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|archive-date=2008-09-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Km_and_Km.t_(Kemet)_(hieroglyphs)|Kemet]] (waa qaab-dhawaaqidda caadiga ah ee qoraalka [[Hieroglyph-ka Masar|hieroglyph-ka]] ee ''km.t''). Ereygan mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa *Takemet*, oo ka soo jeeda qaabka buuxa ee *tꜣ km.t*.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Marka laga soo tarjumayo luqadda Masar-tii hore, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaabka dheer "dhul madow"), taas oo ka timid midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrinta leh ee uu keeno webiga Niil xilliga fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (kuwaas oo hadda aan dhicin sababo la xiriira jiritaanka biyo-xireenka Aswan). Dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemet-ka (Kemetics) waxay mararka qaarkood ilaahyada Masar-tii hore ugu yeeraan *Netjeru*, kuwaas oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan *Neteru* ama *Netjer*.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Sidoo kale, dadka Kemet-ka waxay inta badan doorbidaan inay *Netjeru* ugu yeeraan higgaadda caadiga ah ee cilmiga Masar-tii hore (Egyptology) ee magacoodii asalka ahaa iyo [[: tusaale ahaan, waxay *Horus* ugu yeeraan *Heru* halka *Anubis* ay ugu yeeraan *Anpu*iyo *isis* == Dib-u-dhiska == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|Fikirka dhaqanka ee qadiimiga ah ee ku saabsan ilaaha qorraxda oo saaran doon; safarkiisa maalinlaha ah ee cirka dhexdiisa (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb| sis-tii hore (Isis-ta Masar-tii hore) oo lagu muujiyay sawir casri ah; Waxay gacanta ku haysataa [[sistrum]] (qalab muusig oo qadiimi ah). Qaar ka mid ah dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemetic-ka ama [[Hermeticism|Hermeticists-ka]] ayaa sheeganaya inay xiriir toos ah la leeyihiin ururo qarsoodi ah oo la aaminsan yahay inay jireen tan iyo markii Boqorkii [[Rome|Roomaanka]] [[Theodosius I]] uu mamnuucay [[Paganism|diintii jaahiliga]] sanadkii 392-kii C.D., ama tan iyo markii Boqor [[Justinian I|Justinian]] uu xiray macbadkii ugu dambeeyay ee [[Masar|Masar]] ee shaqeynayay (kaas oo u gaar ahaa ilaahadda [[Isis]] oo ku taallay jasiiradda [[Philae]]) qiyaastii sanadkii 535-tii.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan laguma caddeyn karo dhanka taariikhda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |ye henme79w1duyqree9qsra3wb0pvxz8e 308922 308921 2026-09-22T13:29:41Z ~2026-51039-81 47503 308922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Sharraxaad kooban|Ku-dhaqanka casriga ah ee diintii Masar-tii hore}} {{Dhibaatooyin badan| {{U eg maqaal-ra'yi (essay)|taariikh=Agoosto 2022}} {{Ballaari luqadda |koodka_luqadda=cs |taariikh=Oktoobar 2020 }} }} [[File:Mezaenaset's_Senut_Kemetic_Shrine.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Meesha cibaadada ee Kemetiga (Kemetic shrine), oo ay ku yaallaan taallooyinka [[Bastet]], [[Sekhmet]], [[Anubis]], [[Nephthys]], [[Thoth]], iyo [[Serket]]]]{{Diintii Masar-tii hore}} '''Kemetism''' (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Kemeticism''' ama '''Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkoodna loogu yeero '''Neterism''' oo laga soo dheegtay [[wikt:nṯr|netjer]] oo macnaheedu yahay "[[ilaah]]") waa diin [[Modern paganism|neopagan ah]] (diin casri ah oo dib-u-soo-noolaysay caqiidooyinkii hore ee dabiiciga/pagan-ka) oo ku salaysan [[ancient Egyptian religion|caqiidooyinkii Masar-tii hore]], taas oo soo ifbaxday sannadihii 1970-meeyadii. Qofka raaca Kemetism-ka waxaa loo yaqaan ''Kemetic''.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Diimaha Qadiimiga ah ee Adduunkeenna Casriga ah |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |taariikhda-helitaanka=18 Janaayo 2017 |hay'adda=[[Jaamacadda Gobolka Michigan]] |taariikhda=2 Oktoobar 2014 |goobta=USA |taariikhda-kaydka=28 Febraayo 2018 |url-ka-kaydka=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228030246/http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |xaalada-url-ka=aan-shaqaynayn }}</ref> [[isis]] Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid kastaa ay qaadato hab u gaar ah oo ku saabsan caqiidadeeda, iyadoo u dhexeysa habka [[Eclecticism|isku-dhafka ah (eclectic)]] ilaa habka [[Polytheistic reconstructionist|dib-u-dhiska (reconstructionist)]]. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism-ka dib loo dhisay, habka [[Syncretism|isku-dhafka diimaha (syncretic)]], iyo [[Kemetic Orthodoxy]] oo aad ugu janjeerta caqiidada Ilaah-kaliya (monotheistic).<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Qoraalka Hieroglyph-ka ee "Kemet"|bidix]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqu wuxuu ku salaysan yahay magac ay dadka deegaanka u bixiyeen [[Masar|Masar]] (oo loo yaqaan *endonym*),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=Faransiis |access-date=2008-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219132633/http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |archive-date=2008-12-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=Ingiriis |access-date=2008-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911234223/http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|archive-date=2008-09-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Km_and_Km.t_(Kemet)_(hieroglyphs)|Kemet]] (waa qaab-dhawaaqidda caadiga ah ee qoraalka [[Hieroglyph-ka Masar|hieroglyph-ka]] ee ''km.t''). Ereygan mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa *Takemet*, oo ka soo jeeda qaabka buuxa ee *tꜣ km.t*.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Marka laga soo tarjumayo luqadda Masar-tii hore, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaabka dheer "dhul madow"), taas oo ka timid midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrinta leh ee uu keeno webiga Niil xilliga fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (kuwaas oo hadda aan dhicin sababo la xiriira jiritaanka biyo-xireenka Aswan). Dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemet-ka (Kemetics) waxay mararka qaarkood ilaahyada Masar-tii hore ugu yeeraan *Netjeru*, kuwaas oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan *Neteru* ama *Netjer*.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Sidoo kale, dadka Kemet-ka waxay inta badan doorbidaan inay *Netjeru* ugu yeeraan higgaadda caadiga ah ee cilmiga Masar-tii hore (Egyptology) ee magacoodii asalka ahaa iyo [[: tusaale ahaan, waxay *Horus* ugu yeeraan *Heru* halka *Anubis* ay ugu yeeraan *Anpu*iyo *isis* == Dib-u-dhiska == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|Fikirka dhaqanka ee qadiimiga ah ee ku saabsan ilaaha qorraxda oo saaran doon; safarkiisa maalinlaha ah ee cirka dhexdiisa (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb| sis-tii hore (Isis-ta Masar-tii hore) oo lagu muujiyay sawir casri ah; Waxay gacanta ku haysataa [[sistrum]] (qalab muusig oo qadiimi ah). Qaar ka mid ah dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemetic-ka ama [[Hermeticism|Hermeticists-ka]] ayaa sheeganaya inay xiriir toos ah la leeyihiin ururo qarsoodi ah oo la aaminsan yahay inay jireen tan iyo markii Boqorkii [[Rome|Roomaanka]] [[Theodosius I]] uu mamnuucay [[Paganism|diintii jaahiliga]] sanadkii 392-kii C.D., ama tan iyo markii Boqor [[Justinian I|Justinian]] uu xiray macbadkii ugu dambeeyay ee [[Masar|Masar]] ee shaqeynayay (kaas oo u gaar ahaa ilaahadda [[Isis]] oo ku taallay jasiiradda [[Philae]]) qiyaastii sanadkii 535-tii.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan laguma caddeyn karo dhanka taariikhda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |ye 75h9sr7a9wvmsrxw1is2j9vtvncb37t 308923 308922 2026-09-22T13:30:57Z ~2026-51039-81 47503 308923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Sharraxaad kooban|Ku-dhaqanka casriga ah ee diintii Masar-tii hore}} {{Dhibaatooyin badan| {{U eg maqaal-ra'yi (essay)|taariikh=Agoosto 2022}} {{Ballaari luqadda |koodka_luqadda=cs |taariikh=Oktoobar 2020 }} }} [[File:Mezaenaset's_Senut_Kemetic_Shrine.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Meesha cibaadada ee Kemetiga (Kemetic shrine), oo ay ku yaallaan taallooyinka [[Bastet]], [[Sekhmet]], [[Anubis]], [[Nephthys]], [[Thoth]], iyo [[Serket]]]]{{Diintii Masar-tii hore}} '''Kemetism''' (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''Kemeticism''' ama '''Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkoodna loogu yeero '''Neterism''' oo laga soo dheegtay [[wikt:nṯr|netjer]] oo macnaheedu yahay "[[ilaah]]") waa diin [[Modern paganism|neopagan ah]] (diin casri ah oo dib-u-soo-noolaysay caqiidooyinkii hore ee dabiiciga/pagan-ka) oo ku salaysan [[ancient Egyptian religion|caqiidooyinkii Masar-tii hore]], taas oo soo ifbaxday sannadihii 1970-meeyadii. Qofka raaca Kemetism-ka waxaa loo yaqaan ''Kemetic''.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Diimaha Qadiimiga ah ee Adduunkeenna Casriga ah |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |taariikhda-helitaanka=18 Janaayo 2017 |hay'adda=[[Jaamacadda Gobolka Michigan]] |taariikhda=2 Oktoobar 2014 |goobta=USA |taariikhda-kaydka=28 Febraayo 2018 |url-ka-kaydka=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228030246/http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |xaalada-url-ka=aan-shaqaynayn }}</ref> [[isis]] Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid kastaa ay qaadato hab u gaar ah oo ku saabsan caqiidadeeda, iyadoo u dhexeysa habka [[Eclecticism|isku-dhafka ah (eclectic)]] ilaa habka [[Polytheistic reconstructionist|dib-u-dhiska (reconstructionist)]]. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism-ka dib loo dhisay, habka [[Syncretism|isku-dhafka diimaha (syncretic)]], iyo [[Kemetic Orthodoxy]] oo aad ugu janjeerta caqiidada Ilaah-kaliya (monotheistic).<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Qoraalka Hieroglyph-ka ee "Kemet"|bidix]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqu wuxuu ku salaysan yahay magac ay dadka deegaanka u bixiyeen [[Masar|Masar]] (oo loo yaqaan *endonym*),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=Faransiis |access-date=2008-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219132633/http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |archive-date=2008-12-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=Ingiriis |access-date=2008-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911234223/http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|archive-date=2008-09-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Km_and_Km.t_(Kemet)_(hieroglyphs)|Kemet]] (waa qaab-dhawaaqidda caadiga ah ee qoraalka [[Hieroglyph-ka Masar|hieroglyph-ka]] ee ''km.t''). Ereygan mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa *Takemet*, oo ka soo jeeda qaabka buuxa ee *tꜣ km.t*.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Marka laga soo tarjumayo luqadda Masar-tii hore, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaabka dheer "dhul madow"), taas oo ka timid midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrinta leh ee uu keeno webiga Niil xilliga fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (kuwaas oo hadda aan dhicin sababo la xiriira jiritaanka biyo-xireenka Aswan). Dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemet-ka (Kemetics) waxay mararka qaarkood ilaahyada Masar-tii hore ugu yeeraan *Netjeru*, kuwaas oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan *Neteru* ama *Netjer*.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Sidoo kale, dadka Kemet-ka waxay inta badan doorbidaan inay *Netjeru* ugu yeeraan higgaadda caadiga ah ee cilmiga Masar-tii hore (Egyptology) ee magacoodii asalka ahaa iyo [[: tusaale ahaan, waxay *Horus* ugu yeeraan *Heru* halka *Anubis* ay ugu yeeraan *Anpu*iyo *isis* == Dib-u-dhiska == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|Fikirka dhaqanka ee qadiimiga ah ee ku saabsan ilaaha qorraxda oo saaran doon; safarkiisa maalinlaha ah ee cirka dhexdiisa (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb| sis-tii hore (Isis-ta Masar-tii hore) oo lagu muujiyay sawir casri ah; Waxay gacanta ku haysataa [[sistrum]] (qalab muusig oo qadiimi ah). Qaar ka mid ah dadka raacsan caqiidada Kemetic-ka ama [[Hermeticism|Hermeticists-ka]] ayaa sheeganaya inay xiriir toos ah la leeyihiin ururo qarsoodi ah oo la aaminsan yahay inay jireen tan iyo markii Boqorkii [[Rome|Roomaanka]] [[Theodosius I]] uu mamnuucay [[Paganism|diintii jaahiliga]] sanadkii 392-kii C.D., ama tan iyo markii Boqor [[Justinian I|Justinian]] uu xiray macbadkii ugu dambeeyay ee [[Masar|Masar]] ee shaqeynayay (kaas oo u gaar ahaa ilaahadda [[Isis~isis]] oo ku taallay jasiiradda [[Philae]]) qiyaastii sanadkii 535-tii.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan laguma caddeyn karo dhanka taariikhda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |ye i52vte0gzr0gr9kp20m7vqdv1tndl90 308927 308923 2026-09-22T13:49:29Z Isma4l 41797 Hagaajin 308927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kemetism''' (sidoo kale '''Kemeticism ama Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkood waxaa loogu yeeraa '''Neterism''' oo laga soo qaatay netjer "ilaah") waa diin neopagan ah oo ku saleysan caqiidadii Masar-ti aadaankii, taas oo soo baxday intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii. Kemetic waa qof raaca Kemetism.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Ancient Religions in our Modern World |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |access-date=18 January 2017 |work=Michigan State University |date=2 October 2014 |location=USA}}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid walba uu qaato hab kale oo ku saabsan caqiidadiisa, iyaga oo u dhexeeya eclectic ilaa reconstructionist. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism dib loo dhisay, hab syncretic ah, iyo Kemetic Orthodoxy ee monotheistic-ka ah.<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Hieroglyphic writing "Kemet"|left]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqa wuxuu ku saleysan yahay endonym ee Masar,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=French |access-date=2008-08-21}}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Kemet (codadka caadiga ah ee qoraalka hieroglyphic km.t). Erayga sidoo kale mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa sida Takemet, oo ka yimid tꜣ km.t oo buuxa.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Turjubaanka laga soo qaatay luqadda Masar, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaab dheer "dhulka madow"), taas oo ka soo jeeda midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrin ah ee uu keenay Niil inta lagu jiro fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (hadda aan sii dhicin sababtoo ah jiritaanka Biyo-xidheenka Assuan). Kemetics mararka qaarkood waxay ugu yeeraan ilaahyadii Masar ee hore Netjeru, oo sidoo kale loogu yeero Neteru ama Netjer.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Kemetics sidoo kale badanaa waxay doorbidaan inay ugu yeeraan Netjeru orthography caadiga ah ee Masar-ti aadaankii asalka ahaa: tusaale ahaan, waxay ugu yeeri lahaayeen Horus sida Heru iyo Anubis sida Anpu. == Dib-u-dhisidda == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|The traditional ancient idea of a solar god in a barque; his daily voyage across the sky (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb|Ancient Isis (ancient Egyptian Isis) in modern imagery; she holds a sistrum in her hand]] Qaar ka mid ah Kemetics ama hermeticists waxay sheeganayaan xiriir toos ah oo lala yeesho bulshada qarsoodiga ah ee la sheegay inay si joogto ah u jireen tan iyo markii la mamnuucay Paganism-ka uu sameeyay boqortooyada Roomaanka Theodosius I sannadkii 392 CE, ama tan iyo xiritaankii macbudkii Masar ee ugu dambeeyay (ee ilaahiyadda Isis ee jasiiradda Philae) waxaa sameeyay Boqor Justinian qiyaastii 535.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan waa kuwo aan taariikh ahaan la caddayn karin.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |year=2002 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |pages=35 |translator-last1=Muková |translator-first1=Ivana}}</ref> Tan iyo xilligii Hellenistic, diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay saameyn ku yeelatay nidaamyo badan oo caqiido ah.<ref name="HORNUNG9">{{Cite book |last=Hornung |first=Erik |author-link=Erik Hornung |year=2002 |title=Mysterious Egypt: the roots of Hermetic wisdom |publisher=Paseka |place=Prague |translator-first1=Allan |translator-last1=Plzák |isbn=80-7185-436-0 |pages=9n, 175n}}</ref> Tusaale ahaan, Hermeticism waxay ku saleysan tahay wax-baridda Hermes Trismegistus (oo ah isku-darka ilaaha Giriigga Hermes iyo ilaaha Masar Thoth). Christianity-gii hore iyo kii dhexe sidoo kale waxay ku dareen fikirka Masar-ti aadaankii, oo ay ku jiraan khuraafaadka dheeraadka ah ee Baydka ee joogitaanka Ciise Masiix ee Masar, aqoonsiga awoodda Hermes Trismegistos ee Aabayaasha Kaniisadda iyo falsafada Dhexe, ama la qabsiga khuraafaadka la xiriira ilaahiyadda Isis.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Forman |first1=Werner |surname2=Quirke |first2=Stephen |year=1996 |title=Afterlife on the Nile |publisher=Opus Publishing |place=London |pages=17, 177n |translator-first1=Ladislav |translator-last1=Bareš}}</ref><ref>Hornung, p. 74n</ref> Khuraafaadkan badanaa waxay u tarjumaan dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii, diinta, iyo ilaahyada si calaamadaysan.<ref>see, e.g., {{Cite book |last=Kefer |first=John |author-link=Jan Kefer |year=1991 |title=Synthetic Magic |publisher=Trigon |place=Prague |isbn=80-85320-18-5 |pages=136n}}</ref> Taas beddelkeeda, ujeeddada kooxaha Kemetic waa soo celinta in ka yar ama ka badan oo adag ee nidaamka diinta ee qaabkeeda taariikhiga ah, in kasta oo Kemetists guud ahaan ay qirayaan in nuqul sax ah oo buuxa oo ah dhaqamada qadiimiga ah aan mar walba suurtagal ahayn ama xataa la talin karo.<ref name="NAYDLER8">{{Cite book |last1=Naydler |first1=Jeremy |year=1999 |title=Temple of the Cosmos: the Ancient Egyptian Experience of the Sacred |publisher=Volvox Globator |place=Prague |isbn=80-7207-245-5 |pages=8n |translator-first1=Miroslav |translator-last1=Krůta}}</ref> Diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay soo martay isbeddello adag oo wakhti ka waqti ah waxaana loo caabuday si kala duwan meelo kala duwan.<ref>{{Cite book |surname=David(ova) |first1=Rosalie |year=2006 |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |place=Prague |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |pages=68 |translator-first1=Hana |translator-last1=Vymazalová}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Assmann |first=Jan |author-link=Jan Assmann |year=2002 |title=Egypt: theology and piety of an early civilization |publisher=Oikuméné |place=Prague |isbn=80-7298-052-1 |pages= |translator-first1=Barbora |translator-last1=Krumphanzlová |translator-first2=Ladislav |translator-last2=Bareš}}</ref> Hal ilaah wuxuu yeelan karaa xiriirro khuraafaad oo kala duwan iyo siyaabo caabudaad oo ku jira nomes shakhsi ah ama xataa macbudyo shakhsi ah. Way adagtahay in la raadiyo qaab dhab ah oo asal ah oo ah diinta Masar oo si fudud loo tilmaami karo oo dib loo dhisi karo (eeg Reconstructionism). == Mabaadi'da Kemetism-ka == {{CSS image crop|Image=The judgement of the dead in the presence of Osiris.jpg|cHeight=120|cWidth=250|oTop=50|bSize=1100|oLeft=9|Location=right|Description=Hunefer wuxuu jilba joogsadaa si uu u caabudo hortooda shirkad ilaahyo ah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=papyrus {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA9901-3 |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=www.britishmuseum.org |language=en}}</ref>}} [[File:800px-Louvre_Re_tete_faucon2.jpg|thumb|Sun god as "Lord of Order"]] Hal mabda' muhiim ah oo Kemetism ah waa maat, nidaam. Fikraddan waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah saldhigyada fikirka diimeed ee dadkii hore ee Masar - dhawrkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay xaqiijiso xasiloonida adduunka iyo socodkeeda nidaamsan. Muhiimadeeda waxaa ka muuqata xaqiiqda ah xataa faraonkii, oo loo fahmay inuu ahaa qof ilaah ah, inta badan waxaa lagu eedeeyay inuu mas'uuliyad ka saaran yahay oo uu wax ku biiriyo maat. Astaanta fikradda diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay ahayd ilaahiyadda magaca leh Maat iyo calaamadeeda baaliga gorayada. Natiijo ahaan, ixtiraamka xeerarka dhammaan noocyada ah ee qof kasta wuxuu ahaa mid la mid ah taageerada iyo dayactirka nidaamka caalamiga ah, halka aan la dhawrin ay horseedi karto burburkeeda. Burburka maat wuxuu horseedi lahaa dhimashada adduunka iyo guusha fowdada. Si loo raadiyo maat, dadka ku dhaqma Kemetism waxay raaci karaan fikradaha anshaxa ee adkaada iyo akhlaaqda wanaagsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiro qoraal si cad u xiraya oo qeexaya caadooyinka anshaxa. == Dhaqanka diinta == [[File:Naos_kemeti.JPG|thumb|A Kemetic altar with a small offering]] [[File:Mezaenaset's household Kemetic Shrine.jpg|thumb|Household Kemetic shrine]] Dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii wuxuu sharfay maat, fikrad ka kooban runta iyo sharafta. Caabudaadda cibaadada ee ilaahyada ee raadinta maat sidaas darteed waxaa loo arkaa mid quduus ah. Ilaahyadii hore ee Masar ee caanka ahaa ee la caabudo waxaa ka mid ah Ra, Amun, Isis iyo Osiris, Thoth, Sekhmet, Bastet, Hathor, iyo kuwo kale. Caabudaaddani guud ahaan waxay qaadataa qaab ducada, qurbaan, iyo dejinta meelaha allabariga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-11-08 |title=Kemetic Starter Guide |url=https://thetwistedrope.wordpress.com/kemeticism/kemetic-starter-guide/ |access-date=2018-12-12 |website=The Twisted Rope |language=en}}</ref> Meelaha allabariga waxaa inta badan la dhisyaa iyadoo la isticmaalaya taallo ama matalaad laba-cabbir ah oo ka mid ah hal ama in ka badan oo ilaahyo ah, maadaama ay u adeegaan sidii xarunta diiradda ee caabudaadda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis a její mystéria : poznání univerzální bohyně |publisher=Book Club |pages=17 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková}}</ref> Waxyaabaha dheeraadka ah ee meesha allabariga waxaa ka mid ah shumac, qurbaan loogu talagalay, tusbaxyo duco, gubasho uunsiga, iyo hal ama in ka badan oo suxuun ah oo loogu talagalay qurbaanka cuntada.<ref>{{Cite book |last=LaBorde |first=Sharon |title=Following the Sun: A Practical Guide to Egyptian Religion |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-365-87722-3 |edition=New Revised}}</ref> Inta badan qurbaanka Kemetic waxay isku dayaan inay ilaashadaan dhaqanka, iyagoo bixinaya shay isku mid ah ama la mid ah oo ay Masriyiintii hore bixin lahaayeen. == Ururada Kemetism-ka == === Kemetic Orthodoxy === {{Main|Kemetic Orthodoxy}} [[File:Truth and Mother Temple.jpg|thumbnail|The Truth and the Mother, the main shrine of Kemetic Orthodoxy]] Bulshada Mareykanka ee Kemetic Orthodoxy waxaa la aas aasay 1980-meeyadii. Waxay isu keentaa xubno ka kala yimid gobollo kala duwan, iyo sida uu qabo dabeecadeeda, waxay isku daydaa inay raacdo dhaqanka Masar sida ugu dhow ee suurtogalka ah oo ay dib u soo noolayso.<ref name="kemet.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/nisutAUS.html|title=Biography of Hekatawa I, our Nisut (AUS)|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Gabi ahaanba ruuxaas, waxaa madax u ah maamul (hadda Tamara Siuda) oo isticmaalaya qaar ka mid ah cinwaannada iyo sifooyinka kale ee Faraonnadii hore ee Masar. Waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay qaab-muujinta hadda ee ka boqortooyada ah, dahabka ku dhex jira ruuxa Hora, oo ah dhinac ka mid ah ilaahnimada oo lagu muujiyey qaab bini'aadam ah oo ah hoggaamiye ruuxi ah bulshada dhexdeeda.<ref name="kemet.org"/> Dhanka kale, waa dhaqdhaqaaqan halkaas oo ka bixitaanka fikradda dhaqameed (oo ah tan ugu dhow diinta Masar) ee ilaah/ilaahyada, lagu muujiyey fikradda monolatry oo ah caqiidada rasmiga ah, ay tahay mid aad u cad.<ref name="ORTHO" /> === Fellowship of Isis === {{Main|Fellowship of Isis}} Nooc kale oo ka mid ah ururka Kemetic waa Fellowship of Isis, oo lagu sameeyay Ireland. Waxay kaga duwan tahay inta badan kuwa kale in, iyadoo la raacaya qaabka xilligii dambe ee dareenka henoteistic, ay diiradda saarto cibaadada ilaahiyadda Isis, oo loo beddelay jawiga Giriigga qadiimiga ah iyo Roomaanka. Sidaa darteed dhaqanka Masar waa la beddelay isaga oo ay ugu wacan tahay tarjumaaddoodii hore, syncretism diimeed, iyo multiculturalism casriga ah.<ref>See the book {{Cite book |first=DeTraci |last=Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis and her mysteries: the knowledge of a universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková |isbn=80-242-0806-7}}, which is not, however, the official text of the community.</ref> === Ausar Auset Society === {{Main|Ausar Auset Society}} Ausar Auset Society waa urur ruuxi ah oo Pan-African ah oo la aas aasay 1973 waxaa aas aasay Ra Un Nefer Amen.<ref>{{cite book |last=Asante & Mazama |title=''Encyclopedia of Black Studies'' |publisher=Sage Publications |year=2005 |page=104}}</ref> Waxay xarunteedu tahay Brooklyn, New York. Waxay isticmaalaan bilicda Masar-ti aadaankii sida saldhigga diintooda. === Kuwo kale === Bulshooyinka kale ee Kemetist waxaa ka mid ah The Living Nuhati, iyo Ta Noutri ee Faransiiska ah ee shaqada ka tagtay.<ref>Ta Noutri is referred to as a Kemetic organization by the website [http://liens.religion.info/index.php?id=186 Religioscope] iyo the website [http://www.unisson06.org/annuaire/liens_spiritualite.htm Unisson]</ref> == Fiiro gaar ah == {{Reflist}} == Tixraacyada == {{More footnotes needed|date=May 2011}} * Marilyn C. Krogh; Brooke Ashley Pillifant, ''Kemetic Orthodoxy: Ancient Egyptian Religion on the Internet: A Research Note'', Sociology of Religion (2004). *Ellen Cannon Reed, ''Circle of Isis: Ancient Egyptian Magic for Modern Witches'' (2002), {{ISBN|978-1-56414-568-0}}. *J. G. Melton, ''Encyclopedia of American Religions'', 5th ed., Detroit (1996). == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons category-inline|Kemetism}} dfthudn19m33j9bbzv4bka6i3rsl2xi 308928 308927 2026-09-22T13:50:16Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Multiple issues| {{Essay-like|date=August 2022}} {{Expand language |langcode=cs |date=September 2026 }} }} '''Kemetism''' (sidoo kale '''Kemeticism ama Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkood waxaa loogu yeeraa '''Neterism''' oo laga soo qaatay netjer "ilaah") waa diin neopagan ah oo ku saleysan caqiidadii Masar-ti aadaankii, taas oo soo baxday intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii. Kemetic waa qof raaca Kemetism.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Ancient Religions in our Modern World |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |access-date=18 January 2017 |work=Michigan State University |date=2 October 2014 |location=USA}}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid walba uu qaato hab kale oo ku saabsan caqiidadiisa, iyaga oo u dhexeeya eclectic ilaa reconstructionist. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism dib loo dhisay, hab syncretic ah, iyo Kemetic Orthodoxy ee monotheistic-ka ah.<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Hieroglyphic writing "Kemet"|left]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqa wuxuu ku saleysan yahay endonym ee Masar,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=French |access-date=2008-08-21}}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Kemet (codadka caadiga ah ee qoraalka hieroglyphic km.t). Erayga sidoo kale mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa sida Takemet, oo ka yimid tꜣ km.t oo buuxa.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Turjubaanka laga soo qaatay luqadda Masar, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaab dheer "dhulka madow"), taas oo ka soo jeeda midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrin ah ee uu keenay Niil inta lagu jiro fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (hadda aan sii dhicin sababtoo ah jiritaanka Biyo-xidheenka Assuan). Kemetics mararka qaarkood waxay ugu yeeraan ilaahyadii Masar ee hore Netjeru, oo sidoo kale loogu yeero Neteru ama Netjer.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Kemetics sidoo kale badanaa waxay doorbidaan inay ugu yeeraan Netjeru orthography caadiga ah ee Masar-ti aadaankii asalka ahaa: tusaale ahaan, waxay ugu yeeri lahaayeen Horus sida Heru iyo Anubis sida Anpu. == Dib-u-dhisidda == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|The traditional ancient idea of a solar god in a barque; his daily voyage across the sky (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb|Ancient Isis (ancient Egyptian Isis) in modern imagery; she holds a sistrum in her hand]] Qaar ka mid ah Kemetics ama hermeticists waxay sheeganayaan xiriir toos ah oo lala yeesho bulshada qarsoodiga ah ee la sheegay inay si joogto ah u jireen tan iyo markii la mamnuucay Paganism-ka uu sameeyay boqortooyada Roomaanka Theodosius I sannadkii 392 CE, ama tan iyo xiritaankii macbudkii Masar ee ugu dambeeyay (ee ilaahiyadda Isis ee jasiiradda Philae) waxaa sameeyay Boqor Justinian qiyaastii 535.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan waa kuwo aan taariikh ahaan la caddayn karin.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |year=2002 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |pages=35 |translator-last1=Muková |translator-first1=Ivana}}</ref> Tan iyo xilligii Hellenistic, diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay saameyn ku yeelatay nidaamyo badan oo caqiido ah.<ref name="HORNUNG9">{{Cite book |last=Hornung |first=Erik |author-link=Erik Hornung |year=2002 |title=Mysterious Egypt: the roots of Hermetic wisdom |publisher=Paseka |place=Prague |translator-first1=Allan |translator-last1=Plzák |isbn=80-7185-436-0 |pages=9n, 175n}}</ref> Tusaale ahaan, Hermeticism waxay ku saleysan tahay wax-baridda Hermes Trismegistus (oo ah isku-darka ilaaha Giriigga Hermes iyo ilaaha Masar Thoth). Christianity-gii hore iyo kii dhexe sidoo kale waxay ku dareen fikirka Masar-ti aadaankii, oo ay ku jiraan khuraafaadka dheeraadka ah ee Baydka ee joogitaanka Ciise Masiix ee Masar, aqoonsiga awoodda Hermes Trismegistos ee Aabayaasha Kaniisadda iyo falsafada Dhexe, ama la qabsiga khuraafaadka la xiriira ilaahiyadda Isis.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Forman |first1=Werner |surname2=Quirke |first2=Stephen |year=1996 |title=Afterlife on the Nile |publisher=Opus Publishing |place=London |pages=17, 177n |translator-first1=Ladislav |translator-last1=Bareš}}</ref><ref>Hornung, p. 74n</ref> Khuraafaadkan badanaa waxay u tarjumaan dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii, diinta, iyo ilaahyada si calaamadaysan.<ref>see, e.g., {{Cite book |last=Kefer |first=John |author-link=Jan Kefer |year=1991 |title=Synthetic Magic |publisher=Trigon |place=Prague |isbn=80-85320-18-5 |pages=136n}}</ref> Taas beddelkeeda, ujeeddada kooxaha Kemetic waa soo celinta in ka yar ama ka badan oo adag ee nidaamka diinta ee qaabkeeda taariikhiga ah, in kasta oo Kemetists guud ahaan ay qirayaan in nuqul sax ah oo buuxa oo ah dhaqamada qadiimiga ah aan mar walba suurtagal ahayn ama xataa la talin karo.<ref name="NAYDLER8">{{Cite book |last1=Naydler |first1=Jeremy |year=1999 |title=Temple of the Cosmos: the Ancient Egyptian Experience of the Sacred |publisher=Volvox Globator |place=Prague |isbn=80-7207-245-5 |pages=8n |translator-first1=Miroslav |translator-last1=Krůta}}</ref> Diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay soo martay isbeddello adag oo wakhti ka waqti ah waxaana loo caabuday si kala duwan meelo kala duwan.<ref>{{Cite book |surname=David(ova) |first1=Rosalie |year=2006 |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |place=Prague |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |pages=68 |translator-first1=Hana |translator-last1=Vymazalová}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Assmann |first=Jan |author-link=Jan Assmann |year=2002 |title=Egypt: theology and piety of an early civilization |publisher=Oikuméné |place=Prague |isbn=80-7298-052-1 |pages= |translator-first1=Barbora |translator-last1=Krumphanzlová |translator-first2=Ladislav |translator-last2=Bareš}}</ref> Hal ilaah wuxuu yeelan karaa xiriirro khuraafaad oo kala duwan iyo siyaabo caabudaad oo ku jira nomes shakhsi ah ama xataa macbudyo shakhsi ah. Way adagtahay in la raadiyo qaab dhab ah oo asal ah oo ah diinta Masar oo si fudud loo tilmaami karo oo dib loo dhisi karo (eeg Reconstructionism). == Mabaadi'da Kemetism-ka == {{CSS image crop|Image=The judgement of the dead in the presence of Osiris.jpg|cHeight=120|cWidth=250|oTop=50|bSize=1100|oLeft=9|Location=right|Description=Hunefer wuxuu jilba joogsadaa si uu u caabudo hortooda shirkad ilaahyo ah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=papyrus {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA9901-3 |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=www.britishmuseum.org |language=en}}</ref>}} [[File:800px-Louvre_Re_tete_faucon2.jpg|thumb|Sun god as "Lord of Order"]] Hal mabda' muhiim ah oo Kemetism ah waa maat, nidaam. Fikraddan waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah saldhigyada fikirka diimeed ee dadkii hore ee Masar - dhawrkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay xaqiijiso xasiloonida adduunka iyo socodkeeda nidaamsan. Muhiimadeeda waxaa ka muuqata xaqiiqda ah xataa faraonkii, oo loo fahmay inuu ahaa qof ilaah ah, inta badan waxaa lagu eedeeyay inuu mas'uuliyad ka saaran yahay oo uu wax ku biiriyo maat. Astaanta fikradda diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay ahayd ilaahiyadda magaca leh Maat iyo calaamadeeda baaliga gorayada. Natiijo ahaan, ixtiraamka xeerarka dhammaan noocyada ah ee qof kasta wuxuu ahaa mid la mid ah taageerada iyo dayactirka nidaamka caalamiga ah, halka aan la dhawrin ay horseedi karto burburkeeda. Burburka maat wuxuu horseedi lahaa dhimashada adduunka iyo guusha fowdada. Si loo raadiyo maat, dadka ku dhaqma Kemetism waxay raaci karaan fikradaha anshaxa ee adkaada iyo akhlaaqda wanaagsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiro qoraal si cad u xiraya oo qeexaya caadooyinka anshaxa. == Dhaqanka diinta == [[File:Naos_kemeti.JPG|thumb|A Kemetic altar with a small offering]] [[File:Mezaenaset's household Kemetic Shrine.jpg|thumb|Household Kemetic shrine]] Dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii wuxuu sharfay maat, fikrad ka kooban runta iyo sharafta. Caabudaadda cibaadada ee ilaahyada ee raadinta maat sidaas darteed waxaa loo arkaa mid quduus ah. Ilaahyadii hore ee Masar ee caanka ahaa ee la caabudo waxaa ka mid ah Ra, Amun, Isis iyo Osiris, Thoth, Sekhmet, Bastet, Hathor, iyo kuwo kale. Caabudaaddani guud ahaan waxay qaadataa qaab ducada, qurbaan, iyo dejinta meelaha allabariga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-11-08 |title=Kemetic Starter Guide |url=https://thetwistedrope.wordpress.com/kemeticism/kemetic-starter-guide/ |access-date=2018-12-12 |website=The Twisted Rope |language=en}}</ref> Meelaha allabariga waxaa inta badan la dhisyaa iyadoo la isticmaalaya taallo ama matalaad laba-cabbir ah oo ka mid ah hal ama in ka badan oo ilaahyo ah, maadaama ay u adeegaan sidii xarunta diiradda ee caabudaadda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis a její mystéria : poznání univerzální bohyně |publisher=Book Club |pages=17 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková}}</ref> Waxyaabaha dheeraadka ah ee meesha allabariga waxaa ka mid ah shumac, qurbaan loogu talagalay, tusbaxyo duco, gubasho uunsiga, iyo hal ama in ka badan oo suxuun ah oo loogu talagalay qurbaanka cuntada.<ref>{{Cite book |last=LaBorde |first=Sharon |title=Following the Sun: A Practical Guide to Egyptian Religion |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-365-87722-3 |edition=New Revised}}</ref> Inta badan qurbaanka Kemetic waxay isku dayaan inay ilaashadaan dhaqanka, iyagoo bixinaya shay isku mid ah ama la mid ah oo ay Masriyiintii hore bixin lahaayeen. == Ururada Kemetism-ka == === Kemetic Orthodoxy === {{Main|Kemetic Orthodoxy}} [[File:Truth and Mother Temple.jpg|thumbnail|The Truth and the Mother, the main shrine of Kemetic Orthodoxy]] Bulshada Mareykanka ee Kemetic Orthodoxy waxaa la aas aasay 1980-meeyadii. Waxay isu keentaa xubno ka kala yimid gobollo kala duwan, iyo sida uu qabo dabeecadeeda, waxay isku daydaa inay raacdo dhaqanka Masar sida ugu dhow ee suurtogalka ah oo ay dib u soo noolayso.<ref name="kemet.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/nisutAUS.html|title=Biography of Hekatawa I, our Nisut (AUS)|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Gabi ahaanba ruuxaas, waxaa madax u ah maamul (hadda Tamara Siuda) oo isticmaalaya qaar ka mid ah cinwaannada iyo sifooyinka kale ee Faraonnadii hore ee Masar. Waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay qaab-muujinta hadda ee ka boqortooyada ah, dahabka ku dhex jira ruuxa Hora, oo ah dhinac ka mid ah ilaahnimada oo lagu muujiyey qaab bini'aadam ah oo ah hoggaamiye ruuxi ah bulshada dhexdeeda.<ref name="kemet.org"/> Dhanka kale, waa dhaqdhaqaaqan halkaas oo ka bixitaanka fikradda dhaqameed (oo ah tan ugu dhow diinta Masar) ee ilaah/ilaahyada, lagu muujiyey fikradda monolatry oo ah caqiidada rasmiga ah, ay tahay mid aad u cad.<ref name="ORTHO" /> === Fellowship of Isis === {{Main|Fellowship of Isis}} Nooc kale oo ka mid ah ururka Kemetic waa Fellowship of Isis, oo lagu sameeyay Ireland. Waxay kaga duwan tahay inta badan kuwa kale in, iyadoo la raacaya qaabka xilligii dambe ee dareenka henoteistic, ay diiradda saarto cibaadada ilaahiyadda Isis, oo loo beddelay jawiga Giriigga qadiimiga ah iyo Roomaanka. Sidaa darteed dhaqanka Masar waa la beddelay isaga oo ay ugu wacan tahay tarjumaaddoodii hore, syncretism diimeed, iyo multiculturalism casriga ah.<ref>See the book {{Cite book |first=DeTraci |last=Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis and her mysteries: the knowledge of a universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková |isbn=80-242-0806-7}}, which is not, however, the official text of the community.</ref> === Ausar Auset Society === {{Main|Ausar Auset Society}} Ausar Auset Society waa urur ruuxi ah oo Pan-African ah oo la aas aasay 1973 waxaa aas aasay Ra Un Nefer Amen.<ref>{{cite book |last=Asante & Mazama |title=''Encyclopedia of Black Studies'' |publisher=Sage Publications |year=2005 |page=104}}</ref> Waxay xarunteedu tahay Brooklyn, New York. Waxay isticmaalaan bilicda Masar-ti aadaankii sida saldhigga diintooda. === Kuwo kale === Bulshooyinka kale ee Kemetist waxaa ka mid ah The Living Nuhati, iyo Ta Noutri ee Faransiiska ah ee shaqada ka tagtay.<ref>Ta Noutri is referred to as a Kemetic organization by the website [http://liens.religion.info/index.php?id=186 Religioscope] iyo the website [http://www.unisson06.org/annuaire/liens_spiritualite.htm Unisson]</ref> == Fiiro gaar ah == {{Reflist}} == Tixraacyada == {{More footnotes needed|date=May 2011}} * Marilyn C. Krogh; Brooke Ashley Pillifant, ''Kemetic Orthodoxy: Ancient Egyptian Religion on the Internet: A Research Note'', Sociology of Religion (2004). *Ellen Cannon Reed, ''Circle of Isis: Ancient Egyptian Magic for Modern Witches'' (2002), {{ISBN|978-1-56414-568-0}}. *J. G. Melton, ''Encyclopedia of American Religions'', 5th ed., Detroit (1996). == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons category-inline|Kemetism}} 9ymfejsl4drfsprqdn4gtjxqvjn3l0t 308933 308928 2026-09-22T13:59:52Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Multiple issues| {{Essay-like|date=August 2022}} }} '''Kemetism''' (sidoo kale '''Kemeticism ama Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkood waxaa loogu yeeraa '''Neterism''' oo laga soo qaatay netjer "ilaah") waa diin neopagan ah oo ku saleysan caqiidadii Masar-ti aadaankii, taas oo soo baxday intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii. Kemetic waa qof raaca Kemetism.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Ancient Religions in our Modern World |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |access-date=18 January 2017 |work=Michigan State University |date=2 October 2014 |location=USA}}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid walba uu qaato hab kale oo ku saabsan caqiidadiisa, iyaga oo u dhexeeya eclectic ilaa reconstructionist. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism dib loo dhisay, hab syncretic ah, iyo Kemetic Orthodoxy ee monotheistic-ka ah.<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Hieroglyphic writing "Kemet"|left]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqa wuxuu ku saleysan yahay endonym ee Masar,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=French |access-date=2008-08-21}}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Kemet (codadka caadiga ah ee qoraalka hieroglyphic km.t). Erayga sidoo kale mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa sida Takemet, oo ka yimid tꜣ km.t oo buuxa.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Turjubaanka laga soo qaatay luqadda Masar, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaab dheer "dhulka madow"), taas oo ka soo jeeda midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrin ah ee uu keenay Niil inta lagu jiro fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (hadda aan sii dhicin sababtoo ah jiritaanka Biyo-xidheenka Assuan). Kemetics mararka qaarkood waxay ugu yeeraan ilaahyadii Masar ee hore Netjeru, oo sidoo kale loogu yeero Neteru ama Netjer.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Kemetics sidoo kale badanaa waxay doorbidaan inay ugu yeeraan Netjeru orthography caadiga ah ee Masar-ti aadaankii asalka ahaa: tusaale ahaan, waxay ugu yeeri lahaayeen Horus sida Heru iyo Anubis sida Anpu. == Dib-u-dhisidda == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|The traditional ancient idea of a solar god in a barque; his daily voyage across the sky (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb|Ancient Isis (ancient Egyptian Isis) in modern imagery; she holds a sistrum in her hand]] Qaar ka mid ah Kemetics ama hermeticists waxay sheeganayaan xiriir toos ah oo lala yeesho bulshada qarsoodiga ah ee la sheegay inay si joogto ah u jireen tan iyo markii la mamnuucay Paganism-ka uu sameeyay boqortooyada Roomaanka Theodosius I sannadkii 392 CE, ama tan iyo xiritaankii macbudkii Masar ee ugu dambeeyay (ee ilaahiyadda Isis ee jasiiradda Philae) waxaa sameeyay Boqor Justinian qiyaastii 535.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan waa kuwo aan taariikh ahaan la caddayn karin.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |year=2002 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |pages=35 |translator-last1=Muková |translator-first1=Ivana}}</ref> Tan iyo xilligii Hellenistic, diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay saameyn ku yeelatay nidaamyo badan oo caqiido ah.<ref name="HORNUNG9">{{Cite book |last=Hornung |first=Erik |author-link=Erik Hornung |year=2002 |title=Mysterious Egypt: the roots of Hermetic wisdom |publisher=Paseka |place=Prague |translator-first1=Allan |translator-last1=Plzák |isbn=80-7185-436-0 |pages=9n, 175n}}</ref> Tusaale ahaan, Hermeticism waxay ku saleysan tahay wax-baridda Hermes Trismegistus (oo ah isku-darka ilaaha Giriigga Hermes iyo ilaaha Masar Thoth). Christianity-gii hore iyo kii dhexe sidoo kale waxay ku dareen fikirka Masar-ti aadaankii, oo ay ku jiraan khuraafaadka dheeraadka ah ee Baydka ee joogitaanka Ciise Masiix ee Masar, aqoonsiga awoodda Hermes Trismegistos ee Aabayaasha Kaniisadda iyo falsafada Dhexe, ama la qabsiga khuraafaadka la xiriira ilaahiyadda Isis.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Forman |first1=Werner |surname2=Quirke |first2=Stephen |year=1996 |title=Afterlife on the Nile |publisher=Opus Publishing |place=London |pages=17, 177n |translator-first1=Ladislav |translator-last1=Bareš}}</ref><ref>Hornung, p. 74n</ref> Khuraafaadkan badanaa waxay u tarjumaan dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii, diinta, iyo ilaahyada si calaamadaysan.<ref>see, e.g., {{Cite book |last=Kefer |first=John |author-link=Jan Kefer |year=1991 |title=Synthetic Magic |publisher=Trigon |place=Prague |isbn=80-85320-18-5 |pages=136n}}</ref> Taas beddelkeeda, ujeeddada kooxaha Kemetic waa soo celinta in ka yar ama ka badan oo adag ee nidaamka diinta ee qaabkeeda taariikhiga ah, in kasta oo Kemetists guud ahaan ay qirayaan in nuqul sax ah oo buuxa oo ah dhaqamada qadiimiga ah aan mar walba suurtagal ahayn ama xataa la talin karo.<ref name="NAYDLER8">{{Cite book |last1=Naydler |first1=Jeremy |year=1999 |title=Temple of the Cosmos: the Ancient Egyptian Experience of the Sacred |publisher=Volvox Globator |place=Prague |isbn=80-7207-245-5 |pages=8n |translator-first1=Miroslav |translator-last1=Krůta}}</ref> Diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay soo martay isbeddello adag oo wakhti ka waqti ah waxaana loo caabuday si kala duwan meelo kala duwan.<ref>{{Cite book |surname=David(ova) |first1=Rosalie |year=2006 |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |place=Prague |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |pages=68 |translator-first1=Hana |translator-last1=Vymazalová}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Assmann |first=Jan |author-link=Jan Assmann |year=2002 |title=Egypt: theology and piety of an early civilization |publisher=Oikuméné |place=Prague |isbn=80-7298-052-1 |pages= |translator-first1=Barbora |translator-last1=Krumphanzlová |translator-first2=Ladislav |translator-last2=Bareš}}</ref> Hal ilaah wuxuu yeelan karaa xiriirro khuraafaad oo kala duwan iyo siyaabo caabudaad oo ku jira nomes shakhsi ah ama xataa macbudyo shakhsi ah. Way adagtahay in la raadiyo qaab dhab ah oo asal ah oo ah diinta Masar oo si fudud loo tilmaami karo oo dib loo dhisi karo (eeg Reconstructionism). == Mabaadi'da Kemetism-ka == {{CSS image crop|Image=The judgement of the dead in the presence of Osiris.jpg|cHeight=120|cWidth=250|oTop=50|bSize=1100|oLeft=9|Location=right|Description=Hunefer wuxuu jilba joogsadaa si uu u caabudo hortooda shirkad ilaahyo ah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=papyrus {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA9901-3 |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=www.britishmuseum.org |language=en}}</ref>}} [[File:800px-Louvre_Re_tete_faucon2.jpg|thumb|Sun god as "Lord of Order"]] Hal mabda' muhiim ah oo Kemetism ah waa maat, nidaam. Fikraddan waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah saldhigyada fikirka diimeed ee dadkii hore ee Masar - dhawrkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay xaqiijiso xasiloonida adduunka iyo socodkeeda nidaamsan. Muhiimadeeda waxaa ka muuqata xaqiiqda ah xataa faraonkii, oo loo fahmay inuu ahaa qof ilaah ah, inta badan waxaa lagu eedeeyay inuu mas'uuliyad ka saaran yahay oo uu wax ku biiriyo maat. Astaanta fikradda diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay ahayd ilaahiyadda magaca leh Maat iyo calaamadeeda baaliga gorayada. Natiijo ahaan, ixtiraamka xeerarka dhammaan noocyada ah ee qof kasta wuxuu ahaa mid la mid ah taageerada iyo dayactirka nidaamka caalamiga ah, halka aan la dhawrin ay horseedi karto burburkeeda. Burburka maat wuxuu horseedi lahaa dhimashada adduunka iyo guusha fowdada. Si loo raadiyo maat, dadka ku dhaqma Kemetism waxay raaci karaan fikradaha anshaxa ee adkaada iyo akhlaaqda wanaagsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiro qoraal si cad u xiraya oo qeexaya caadooyinka anshaxa. == Dhaqanka diinta == [[File:Naos_kemeti.JPG|thumb|A Kemetic altar with a small offering]] [[File:Mezaenaset's household Kemetic Shrine.jpg|thumb|Household Kemetic shrine]] Dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii wuxuu sharfay maat, fikrad ka kooban runta iyo sharafta. Caabudaadda cibaadada ee ilaahyada ee raadinta maat sidaas darteed waxaa loo arkaa mid quduus ah. Ilaahyadii hore ee Masar ee caanka ahaa ee la caabudo waxaa ka mid ah Ra, Amun, Isis iyo Osiris, Thoth, Sekhmet, Bastet, Hathor, iyo kuwo kale. Caabudaaddani guud ahaan waxay qaadataa qaab ducada, qurbaan, iyo dejinta meelaha allabariga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-11-08 |title=Kemetic Starter Guide |url=https://thetwistedrope.wordpress.com/kemeticism/kemetic-starter-guide/ |access-date=2018-12-12 |website=The Twisted Rope |language=en}}</ref> Meelaha allabariga waxaa inta badan la dhisyaa iyadoo la isticmaalaya taallo ama matalaad laba-cabbir ah oo ka mid ah hal ama in ka badan oo ilaahyo ah, maadaama ay u adeegaan sidii xarunta diiradda ee caabudaadda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis a její mystéria : poznání univerzální bohyně |publisher=Book Club |pages=17 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková}}</ref> Waxyaabaha dheeraadka ah ee meesha allabariga waxaa ka mid ah shumac, qurbaan loogu talagalay, tusbaxyo duco, gubasho uunsiga, iyo hal ama in ka badan oo suxuun ah oo loogu talagalay qurbaanka cuntada.<ref>{{Cite book |last=LaBorde |first=Sharon |title=Following the Sun: A Practical Guide to Egyptian Religion |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-365-87722-3 |edition=New Revised}}</ref> Inta badan qurbaanka Kemetic waxay isku dayaan inay ilaashadaan dhaqanka, iyagoo bixinaya shay isku mid ah ama la mid ah oo ay Masriyiintii hore bixin lahaayeen. == Ururada Kemetism-ka == === Kemetic Orthodoxy === {{Main|Kemetic Orthodoxy}} [[File:Truth and Mother Temple.jpg|thumbnail|The Truth and the Mother, the main shrine of Kemetic Orthodoxy]] Bulshada Mareykanka ee Kemetic Orthodoxy waxaa la aas aasay 1980-meeyadii. Waxay isu keentaa xubno ka kala yimid gobollo kala duwan, iyo sida uu qabo dabeecadeeda, waxay isku daydaa inay raacdo dhaqanka Masar sida ugu dhow ee suurtogalka ah oo ay dib u soo noolayso.<ref name="kemet.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/nisutAUS.html|title=Biography of Hekatawa I, our Nisut (AUS)|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Gabi ahaanba ruuxaas, waxaa madax u ah maamul (hadda Tamara Siuda) oo isticmaalaya qaar ka mid ah cinwaannada iyo sifooyinka kale ee Faraonnadii hore ee Masar. Waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay qaab-muujinta hadda ee ka boqortooyada ah, dahabka ku dhex jira ruuxa Hora, oo ah dhinac ka mid ah ilaahnimada oo lagu muujiyey qaab bini'aadam ah oo ah hoggaamiye ruuxi ah bulshada dhexdeeda.<ref name="kemet.org"/> Dhanka kale, waa dhaqdhaqaaqan halkaas oo ka bixitaanka fikradda dhaqameed (oo ah tan ugu dhow diinta Masar) ee ilaah/ilaahyada, lagu muujiyey fikradda monolatry oo ah caqiidada rasmiga ah, ay tahay mid aad u cad.<ref name="ORTHO" /> === Fellowship of Isis === {{Main|Fellowship of Isis}} Nooc kale oo ka mid ah ururka Kemetic waa Fellowship of Isis, oo lagu sameeyay Ireland. Waxay kaga duwan tahay inta badan kuwa kale in, iyadoo la raacaya qaabka xilligii dambe ee dareenka henoteistic, ay diiradda saarto cibaadada ilaahiyadda Isis, oo loo beddelay jawiga Giriigga qadiimiga ah iyo Roomaanka. Sidaa darteed dhaqanka Masar waa la beddelay isaga oo ay ugu wacan tahay tarjumaaddoodii hore, syncretism diimeed, iyo multiculturalism casriga ah.<ref>See the book {{Cite book |first=DeTraci |last=Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis and her mysteries: the knowledge of a universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková |isbn=80-242-0806-7}}, which is not, however, the official text of the community.</ref> === Ausar Auset Society === {{Main|Ausar Auset Society}} Ausar Auset Society waa urur ruuxi ah oo Pan-African ah oo la aas aasay 1973 waxaa aas aasay Ra Un Nefer Amen.<ref>{{cite book |last=Asante & Mazama |title=''Encyclopedia of Black Studies'' |publisher=Sage Publications |year=2005 |page=104}}</ref> Waxay xarunteedu tahay Brooklyn, New York. Waxay isticmaalaan bilicda Masar-ti aadaankii sida saldhigga diintooda. === Kuwo kale === Bulshooyinka kale ee Kemetist waxaa ka mid ah The Living Nuhati, iyo Ta Noutri ee Faransiiska ah ee shaqada ka tagtay.<ref>Ta Noutri is referred to as a Kemetic organization by the website [http://liens.religion.info/index.php?id=186 Religioscope] iyo the website [http://www.unisson06.org/annuaire/liens_spiritualite.htm Unisson]</ref> == Fiiro gaar ah == {{Reflist}} == Tixraacyada == {{More footnotes needed|date=May 2011}} * Marilyn C. Krogh; Brooke Ashley Pillifant, ''Kemetic Orthodoxy: Ancient Egyptian Religion on the Internet: A Research Note'', Sociology of Religion (2004). *Ellen Cannon Reed, ''Circle of Isis: Ancient Egyptian Magic for Modern Witches'' (2002), {{ISBN|978-1-56414-568-0}}. *J. G. Melton, ''Encyclopedia of American Religions'', 5th ed., Detroit (1996). == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons category-inline|Kemetism}} 90zwo8dnc7ozygjwavvcq4qpqftfhh1 308934 308933 2026-09-22T14:00:12Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308934 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Multiple issues| {{Essay-like|date=September 2026}} }} '''Kemetism''' (sidoo kale '''Kemeticism ama Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkood waxaa loogu yeeraa '''Neterism''' oo laga soo qaatay netjer "ilaah") waa diin neopagan ah oo ku saleysan caqiidadii Masar-ti aadaankii, taas oo soo baxday intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii. Kemetic waa qof raaca Kemetism.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Ancient Religions in our Modern World |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |access-date=18 January 2017 |work=Michigan State University |date=2 October 2014 |location=USA}}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid walba uu qaato hab kale oo ku saabsan caqiidadiisa, iyaga oo u dhexeeya eclectic ilaa reconstructionist. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism dib loo dhisay, hab syncretic ah, iyo Kemetic Orthodoxy ee monotheistic-ka ah.<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Hieroglyphic writing "Kemet"|left]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqa wuxuu ku saleysan yahay endonym ee Masar,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=French |access-date=2008-08-21}}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Kemet (codadka caadiga ah ee qoraalka hieroglyphic km.t). Erayga sidoo kale mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa sida Takemet, oo ka yimid tꜣ km.t oo buuxa.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Turjubaanka laga soo qaatay luqadda Masar, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaab dheer "dhulka madow"), taas oo ka soo jeeda midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrin ah ee uu keenay Niil inta lagu jiro fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (hadda aan sii dhicin sababtoo ah jiritaanka Biyo-xidheenka Assuan). Kemetics mararka qaarkood waxay ugu yeeraan ilaahyadii Masar ee hore Netjeru, oo sidoo kale loogu yeero Neteru ama Netjer.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Kemetics sidoo kale badanaa waxay doorbidaan inay ugu yeeraan Netjeru orthography caadiga ah ee Masar-ti aadaankii asalka ahaa: tusaale ahaan, waxay ugu yeeri lahaayeen Horus sida Heru iyo Anubis sida Anpu. == Dib-u-dhisidda == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|The traditional ancient idea of a solar god in a barque; his daily voyage across the sky (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb|Ancient Isis (ancient Egyptian Isis) in modern imagery; she holds a sistrum in her hand]] Qaar ka mid ah Kemetics ama hermeticists waxay sheeganayaan xiriir toos ah oo lala yeesho bulshada qarsoodiga ah ee la sheegay inay si joogto ah u jireen tan iyo markii la mamnuucay Paganism-ka uu sameeyay boqortooyada Roomaanka Theodosius I sannadkii 392 CE, ama tan iyo xiritaankii macbudkii Masar ee ugu dambeeyay (ee ilaahiyadda Isis ee jasiiradda Philae) waxaa sameeyay Boqor Justinian qiyaastii 535.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan waa kuwo aan taariikh ahaan la caddayn karin.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |year=2002 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |pages=35 |translator-last1=Muková |translator-first1=Ivana}}</ref> Tan iyo xilligii Hellenistic, diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay saameyn ku yeelatay nidaamyo badan oo caqiido ah.<ref name="HORNUNG9">{{Cite book |last=Hornung |first=Erik |author-link=Erik Hornung |year=2002 |title=Mysterious Egypt: the roots of Hermetic wisdom |publisher=Paseka |place=Prague |translator-first1=Allan |translator-last1=Plzák |isbn=80-7185-436-0 |pages=9n, 175n}}</ref> Tusaale ahaan, Hermeticism waxay ku saleysan tahay wax-baridda Hermes Trismegistus (oo ah isku-darka ilaaha Giriigga Hermes iyo ilaaha Masar Thoth). Christianity-gii hore iyo kii dhexe sidoo kale waxay ku dareen fikirka Masar-ti aadaankii, oo ay ku jiraan khuraafaadka dheeraadka ah ee Baydka ee joogitaanka Ciise Masiix ee Masar, aqoonsiga awoodda Hermes Trismegistos ee Aabayaasha Kaniisadda iyo falsafada Dhexe, ama la qabsiga khuraafaadka la xiriira ilaahiyadda Isis.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Forman |first1=Werner |surname2=Quirke |first2=Stephen |year=1996 |title=Afterlife on the Nile |publisher=Opus Publishing |place=London |pages=17, 177n |translator-first1=Ladislav |translator-last1=Bareš}}</ref><ref>Hornung, p. 74n</ref> Khuraafaadkan badanaa waxay u tarjumaan dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii, diinta, iyo ilaahyada si calaamadaysan.<ref>see, e.g., {{Cite book |last=Kefer |first=John |author-link=Jan Kefer |year=1991 |title=Synthetic Magic |publisher=Trigon |place=Prague |isbn=80-85320-18-5 |pages=136n}}</ref> Taas beddelkeeda, ujeeddada kooxaha Kemetic waa soo celinta in ka yar ama ka badan oo adag ee nidaamka diinta ee qaabkeeda taariikhiga ah, in kasta oo Kemetists guud ahaan ay qirayaan in nuqul sax ah oo buuxa oo ah dhaqamada qadiimiga ah aan mar walba suurtagal ahayn ama xataa la talin karo.<ref name="NAYDLER8">{{Cite book |last1=Naydler |first1=Jeremy |year=1999 |title=Temple of the Cosmos: the Ancient Egyptian Experience of the Sacred |publisher=Volvox Globator |place=Prague |isbn=80-7207-245-5 |pages=8n |translator-first1=Miroslav |translator-last1=Krůta}}</ref> Diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay soo martay isbeddello adag oo wakhti ka waqti ah waxaana loo caabuday si kala duwan meelo kala duwan.<ref>{{Cite book |surname=David(ova) |first1=Rosalie |year=2006 |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |place=Prague |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |pages=68 |translator-first1=Hana |translator-last1=Vymazalová}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Assmann |first=Jan |author-link=Jan Assmann |year=2002 |title=Egypt: theology and piety of an early civilization |publisher=Oikuméné |place=Prague |isbn=80-7298-052-1 |pages= |translator-first1=Barbora |translator-last1=Krumphanzlová |translator-first2=Ladislav |translator-last2=Bareš}}</ref> Hal ilaah wuxuu yeelan karaa xiriirro khuraafaad oo kala duwan iyo siyaabo caabudaad oo ku jira nomes shakhsi ah ama xataa macbudyo shakhsi ah. Way adagtahay in la raadiyo qaab dhab ah oo asal ah oo ah diinta Masar oo si fudud loo tilmaami karo oo dib loo dhisi karo (eeg Reconstructionism). == Mabaadi'da Kemetism-ka == {{CSS image crop|Image=The judgement of the dead in the presence of Osiris.jpg|cHeight=120|cWidth=250|oTop=50|bSize=1100|oLeft=9|Location=right|Description=Hunefer wuxuu jilba joogsadaa si uu u caabudo hortooda shirkad ilaahyo ah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=papyrus {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA9901-3 |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=www.britishmuseum.org |language=en}}</ref>}} [[File:800px-Louvre_Re_tete_faucon2.jpg|thumb|Sun god as "Lord of Order"]] Hal mabda' muhiim ah oo Kemetism ah waa maat, nidaam. Fikraddan waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah saldhigyada fikirka diimeed ee dadkii hore ee Masar - dhawrkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay xaqiijiso xasiloonida adduunka iyo socodkeeda nidaamsan. Muhiimadeeda waxaa ka muuqata xaqiiqda ah xataa faraonkii, oo loo fahmay inuu ahaa qof ilaah ah, inta badan waxaa lagu eedeeyay inuu mas'uuliyad ka saaran yahay oo uu wax ku biiriyo maat. Astaanta fikradda diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay ahayd ilaahiyadda magaca leh Maat iyo calaamadeeda baaliga gorayada. Natiijo ahaan, ixtiraamka xeerarka dhammaan noocyada ah ee qof kasta wuxuu ahaa mid la mid ah taageerada iyo dayactirka nidaamka caalamiga ah, halka aan la dhawrin ay horseedi karto burburkeeda. Burburka maat wuxuu horseedi lahaa dhimashada adduunka iyo guusha fowdada. Si loo raadiyo maat, dadka ku dhaqma Kemetism waxay raaci karaan fikradaha anshaxa ee adkaada iyo akhlaaqda wanaagsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiro qoraal si cad u xiraya oo qeexaya caadooyinka anshaxa. == Dhaqanka diinta == [[File:Naos_kemeti.JPG|thumb|A Kemetic altar with a small offering]] [[File:Mezaenaset's household Kemetic Shrine.jpg|thumb|Household Kemetic shrine]] Dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii wuxuu sharfay maat, fikrad ka kooban runta iyo sharafta. Caabudaadda cibaadada ee ilaahyada ee raadinta maat sidaas darteed waxaa loo arkaa mid quduus ah. Ilaahyadii hore ee Masar ee caanka ahaa ee la caabudo waxaa ka mid ah Ra, Amun, Isis iyo Osiris, Thoth, Sekhmet, Bastet, Hathor, iyo kuwo kale. Caabudaaddani guud ahaan waxay qaadataa qaab ducada, qurbaan, iyo dejinta meelaha allabariga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-11-08 |title=Kemetic Starter Guide |url=https://thetwistedrope.wordpress.com/kemeticism/kemetic-starter-guide/ |access-date=2018-12-12 |website=The Twisted Rope |language=en}}</ref> Meelaha allabariga waxaa inta badan la dhisyaa iyadoo la isticmaalaya taallo ama matalaad laba-cabbir ah oo ka mid ah hal ama in ka badan oo ilaahyo ah, maadaama ay u adeegaan sidii xarunta diiradda ee caabudaadda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis a její mystéria : poznání univerzální bohyně |publisher=Book Club |pages=17 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková}}</ref> Waxyaabaha dheeraadka ah ee meesha allabariga waxaa ka mid ah shumac, qurbaan loogu talagalay, tusbaxyo duco, gubasho uunsiga, iyo hal ama in ka badan oo suxuun ah oo loogu talagalay qurbaanka cuntada.<ref>{{Cite book |last=LaBorde |first=Sharon |title=Following the Sun: A Practical Guide to Egyptian Religion |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-365-87722-3 |edition=New Revised}}</ref> Inta badan qurbaanka Kemetic waxay isku dayaan inay ilaashadaan dhaqanka, iyagoo bixinaya shay isku mid ah ama la mid ah oo ay Masriyiintii hore bixin lahaayeen. == Ururada Kemetism-ka == === Kemetic Orthodoxy === {{Main|Kemetic Orthodoxy}} [[File:Truth and Mother Temple.jpg|thumbnail|The Truth and the Mother, the main shrine of Kemetic Orthodoxy]] Bulshada Mareykanka ee Kemetic Orthodoxy waxaa la aas aasay 1980-meeyadii. Waxay isu keentaa xubno ka kala yimid gobollo kala duwan, iyo sida uu qabo dabeecadeeda, waxay isku daydaa inay raacdo dhaqanka Masar sida ugu dhow ee suurtogalka ah oo ay dib u soo noolayso.<ref name="kemet.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/nisutAUS.html|title=Biography of Hekatawa I, our Nisut (AUS)|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19}}</ref> Gabi ahaanba ruuxaas, waxaa madax u ah maamul (hadda Tamara Siuda) oo isticmaalaya qaar ka mid ah cinwaannada iyo sifooyinka kale ee Faraonnadii hore ee Masar. Waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay qaab-muujinta hadda ee ka boqortooyada ah, dahabka ku dhex jira ruuxa Hora, oo ah dhinac ka mid ah ilaahnimada oo lagu muujiyey qaab bini'aadam ah oo ah hoggaamiye ruuxi ah bulshada dhexdeeda.<ref name="kemet.org"/> Dhanka kale, waa dhaqdhaqaaqan halkaas oo ka bixitaanka fikradda dhaqameed (oo ah tan ugu dhow diinta Masar) ee ilaah/ilaahyada, lagu muujiyey fikradda monolatry oo ah caqiidada rasmiga ah, ay tahay mid aad u cad.<ref name="ORTHO" /> === Fellowship of Isis === {{Main|Fellowship of Isis}} Nooc kale oo ka mid ah ururka Kemetic waa Fellowship of Isis, oo lagu sameeyay Ireland. Waxay kaga duwan tahay inta badan kuwa kale in, iyadoo la raacaya qaabka xilligii dambe ee dareenka henoteistic, ay diiradda saarto cibaadada ilaahiyadda Isis, oo loo beddelay jawiga Giriigga qadiimiga ah iyo Roomaanka. Sidaa darteed dhaqanka Masar waa la beddelay isaga oo ay ugu wacan tahay tarjumaaddoodii hore, syncretism diimeed, iyo multiculturalism casriga ah.<ref>See the book {{Cite book |first=DeTraci |last=Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis and her mysteries: the knowledge of a universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková |isbn=80-242-0806-7}}, which is not, however, the official text of the community.</ref> === Ausar Auset Society === {{Main|Ausar Auset Society}} Ausar Auset Society waa urur ruuxi ah oo Pan-African ah oo la aas aasay 1973 waxaa aas aasay Ra Un Nefer Amen.<ref>{{cite book |last=Asante & Mazama |title=''Encyclopedia of Black Studies'' |publisher=Sage Publications |year=2005 |page=104}}</ref> Waxay xarunteedu tahay Brooklyn, New York. Waxay isticmaalaan bilicda Masar-ti aadaankii sida saldhigga diintooda. === Kuwo kale === Bulshooyinka kale ee Kemetist waxaa ka mid ah The Living Nuhati, iyo Ta Noutri ee Faransiiska ah ee shaqada ka tagtay.<ref>Ta Noutri is referred to as a Kemetic organization by the website [http://liens.religion.info/index.php?id=186 Religioscope] iyo the website [http://www.unisson06.org/annuaire/liens_spiritualite.htm Unisson]</ref> == Fiiro gaar ah == {{Reflist}} == Tixraacyada == {{More footnotes needed|date=May 2011}} * Marilyn C. Krogh; Brooke Ashley Pillifant, ''Kemetic Orthodoxy: Ancient Egyptian Religion on the Internet: A Research Note'', Sociology of Religion (2004). *Ellen Cannon Reed, ''Circle of Isis: Ancient Egyptian Magic for Modern Witches'' (2002), {{ISBN|978-1-56414-568-0}}. *J. G. Melton, ''Encyclopedia of American Religions'', 5th ed., Detroit (1996). == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons category-inline|Kemetism}} gq68x87wmc2vd00eo0pcvdshxnd3k91 309216 308934 2026-09-23T05:56:28Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 309216 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Multiple issues| {{Essay-like|date=September 2026}} }} '''Kemetism''' (sidoo kale '''Kemeticism ama Kemetic paganism'''; mararka qaarkood waxaa loogu yeeraa '''Neterism''' oo laga soo qaatay netjer "ilaah") waa diin neopagan ah oo ku saleysan caqiidadii Masar-ti aadaankii, taas oo soo baxday intii lagu jiray 1970-meeyadii. Kemetic waa qof raaca Kemetism.<ref>{{cite news |last=Daugherty |first=Michelle |title=Kemetism. Ancient Religions in our Modern World |url=http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |access-date=18 January 2017 |work=Michigan State University |date=2 October 2014 |location=USA |archive-date=28 Bisha Labaad 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228030246/http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/2014/10/02/kemetism-ancient-religions-in-our-modern-world/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Waxaa jira dhowr kooxood oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo mid walba uu qaato hab kale oo ku saabsan caqiidadiisa, iyaga oo u dhexeeya eclectic ilaa reconstructionist. Kuwan waxaa loo qaybin karaa saddex nooc: Kemetism dib loo dhisay, hab syncretic ah, iyo Kemetic Orthodoxy ee monotheistic-ka ah.<ref>Harrison, PM (2012). ''Profane Egyptologists: The Revival and Reconstruction of Ancient Egyptian Religion''. UCL (University College London).</ref> == Asalka ereyga == [[File:Ta_Kemet.jpg|thumb|Hieroglyphic writing "Kemet"|left]] Magaca dhaqdhaqaaqa wuxuu ku saleysan yahay endonym ee Masar,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |title=Khémitisme, Tradition païenne égyptienne, la religion des anciens égyptiens |language=French |access-date=2008-08-21 |archive-date=2008-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219132633/http://www.ta-noutri.com/tanoutri/pages/khemitisme.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ORTHO">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|title=What is Kemetic Orthodoxy? Introduction|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19|archive-date=2008-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911234223/http://www.kemet.org/kemexp1.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kemet (codadka caadiga ah ee qoraalka hieroglyphic km.t). Erayga sidoo kale mararka qaarkood waxaa loo qoraa sida Takemet, oo ka yimid tꜣ km.t oo buuxa.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Verner |first1=Miroslav |author-link=Miroslav Verner |last2=Bareš |first2=Ladislav |author-link2=Ladislav Bareš |last3=Vachala |first3=Břetislav |author-link3=Břetislav Vachala |year=2007|title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt|publisher=Libri|place=Prague|isbn=978-80-7277-306-0 |pages=168}}</ref> Turjubaanka laga soo qaatay luqadda Masar, waxay ka dhigan tahay "madow" (ama qaab dheer "dhulka madow"), taas oo ka soo jeeda midabka madow ee dhoobada bacrin ah ee uu keenay Niil inta lagu jiro fatahaadaha sanadlaha ah (hadda aan sii dhicin sababtoo ah jiritaanka Biyo-xidheenka Assuan). Kemetics mararka qaarkood waxay ugu yeeraan ilaahyadii Masar ee hore Netjeru, oo sidoo kale loogu yeero Neteru ama Netjer.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netjer {{!}} Kemet.org |url=https://www.kemet.org/taxonomy/term/123 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.kemet.org}}</ref> Kemetics sidoo kale badanaa waxay doorbidaan inay ugu yeeraan Netjeru orthography caadiga ah ee Masar-ti aadaankii asalka ahaa: tusaale ahaan, waxay ugu yeeri lahaayeen Horus sida Heru iyo Anubis sida Anpu. == Dib-u-dhisidda == [[File:Ra_Barque.jpg|thumb|The traditional ancient idea of a solar god in a barque; his daily voyage across the sky (𓇯)]][[File:Isis_1652.jpg|thumb|Ancient Isis (ancient Egyptian Isis) in modern imagery; she holds a sistrum in her hand]] Qaar ka mid ah Kemetics ama hermeticists waxay sheeganayaan xiriir toos ah oo lala yeesho bulshada qarsoodiga ah ee la sheegay inay si joogto ah u jireen tan iyo markii la mamnuucay Paganism-ka uu sameeyay boqortooyada Roomaanka Theodosius I sannadkii 392 CE, ama tan iyo xiritaankii macbudkii Masar ee ugu dambeeyay (ee ilaahiyadda Isis ee jasiiradda Philae) waxaa sameeyay Boqor Justinian qiyaastii 535.<ref>{{Cite book |last=David(ova) |first=Rosalie |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |year=2006 |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |place=Prague |pages=333 |translator-last1=Vymazalová |translator-first1=Hana}}</ref><ref>Verner, Bareš, Vachala, p. 139</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sheegashooyinkan waa kuwo aan taariikh ahaan la caddayn karin.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |title=Isis and her mysteries: understanding the universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |year=2002 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |pages=35 |translator-last1=Muková |translator-first1=Ivana}}</ref> Tan iyo xilligii Hellenistic, diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay saameyn ku yeelatay nidaamyo badan oo caqiido ah.<ref name="HORNUNG9">{{Cite book |last=Hornung |first=Erik |author-link=Erik Hornung |year=2002 |title=Mysterious Egypt: the roots of Hermetic wisdom |publisher=Paseka |place=Prague |translator-first1=Allan |translator-last1=Plzák |isbn=80-7185-436-0 |pages=9n, 175n}}</ref> Tusaale ahaan, Hermeticism waxay ku saleysan tahay wax-baridda Hermes Trismegistus (oo ah isku-darka ilaaha Giriigga Hermes iyo ilaaha Masar Thoth). Christianity-gii hore iyo kii dhexe sidoo kale waxay ku dareen fikirka Masar-ti aadaankii, oo ay ku jiraan khuraafaadka dheeraadka ah ee Baydka ee joogitaanka Ciise Masiix ee Masar, aqoonsiga awoodda Hermes Trismegistos ee Aabayaasha Kaniisadda iyo falsafada Dhexe, ama la qabsiga khuraafaadka la xiriira ilaahiyadda Isis.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Forman |first1=Werner |surname2=Quirke |first2=Stephen |year=1996 |title=Afterlife on the Nile |publisher=Opus Publishing |place=London |pages=17, 177n |translator-first1=Ladislav |translator-last1=Bareš}}</ref><ref>Hornung, p. 74n</ref> Khuraafaadkan badanaa waxay u tarjumaan dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii, diinta, iyo ilaahyada si calaamadaysan.<ref>see, e.g., {{Cite book |last=Kefer |first=John |author-link=Jan Kefer |year=1991 |title=Synthetic Magic |publisher=Trigon |place=Prague |isbn=80-85320-18-5 |pages=136n}}</ref> Taas beddelkeeda, ujeeddada kooxaha Kemetic waa soo celinta in ka yar ama ka badan oo adag ee nidaamka diinta ee qaabkeeda taariikhiga ah, in kasta oo Kemetists guud ahaan ay qirayaan in nuqul sax ah oo buuxa oo ah dhaqamada qadiimiga ah aan mar walba suurtagal ahayn ama xataa la talin karo.<ref name="NAYDLER8">{{Cite book |last1=Naydler |first1=Jeremy |year=1999 |title=Temple of the Cosmos: the Ancient Egyptian Experience of the Sacred |publisher=Volvox Globator |place=Prague |isbn=80-7207-245-5 |pages=8n |translator-first1=Miroslav |translator-last1=Krůta}}</ref> Diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay soo martay isbeddello adag oo wakhti ka waqti ah waxaana loo caabuday si kala duwan meelo kala duwan.<ref>{{Cite book |surname=David(ova) |first1=Rosalie |year=2006 |title=Religion and Magic of Ancient Egypt |publisher=BB/art |place=Prague |isbn=80-7341-698-0 |pages=68 |translator-first1=Hana |translator-last1=Vymazalová}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Assmann |first=Jan |author-link=Jan Assmann |year=2002 |title=Egypt: theology and piety of an early civilization |publisher=Oikuméné |place=Prague |isbn=80-7298-052-1 |pages= |translator-first1=Barbora |translator-last1=Krumphanzlová |translator-first2=Ladislav |translator-last2=Bareš}}</ref> Hal ilaah wuxuu yeelan karaa xiriirro khuraafaad oo kala duwan iyo siyaabo caabudaad oo ku jira nomes shakhsi ah ama xataa macbudyo shakhsi ah. Way adagtahay in la raadiyo qaab dhab ah oo asal ah oo ah diinta Masar oo si fudud loo tilmaami karo oo dib loo dhisi karo (eeg Reconstructionism). == Mabaadi'da Kemetism-ka == {{CSS image crop|Image=The judgement of the dead in the presence of Osiris.jpg|cHeight=120|cWidth=250|oTop=50|bSize=1100|oLeft=9|Location=right|Description=Hunefer wuxuu jilba joogsadaa si uu u caabudo hortooda shirkad ilaahyo ah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=papyrus {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/Y_EA9901-3 |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=www.britishmuseum.org |language=en}}</ref>}} [[File:800px-Louvre_Re_tete_faucon2.jpg|thumb|Sun god as "Lord of Order"]] Hal mabda' muhiim ah oo Kemetism ah waa maat, nidaam. Fikraddan waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah saldhigyada fikirka diimeed ee dadkii hore ee Masar - dhawrkeeda waxaa loogu talagalay inay xaqiijiso xasiloonida adduunka iyo socodkeeda nidaamsan. Muhiimadeeda waxaa ka muuqata xaqiiqda ah xataa faraonkii, oo loo fahmay inuu ahaa qof ilaah ah, inta badan waxaa lagu eedeeyay inuu mas'uuliyad ka saaran yahay oo uu wax ku biiriyo maat. Astaanta fikradda diinta Masar-ti aadaankii waxay ahayd ilaahiyadda magaca leh Maat iyo calaamadeeda baaliga gorayada. Natiijo ahaan, ixtiraamka xeerarka dhammaan noocyada ah ee qof kasta wuxuu ahaa mid la mid ah taageerada iyo dayactirka nidaamka caalamiga ah, halka aan la dhawrin ay horseedi karto burburkeeda. Burburka maat wuxuu horseedi lahaa dhimashada adduunka iyo guusha fowdada. Si loo raadiyo maat, dadka ku dhaqma Kemetism waxay raaci karaan fikradaha anshaxa ee adkaada iyo akhlaaqda wanaagsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ma jiro qoraal si cad u xiraya oo qeexaya caadooyinka anshaxa. == Dhaqanka diinta == [[File:Naos_kemeti.JPG|thumb|A Kemetic altar with a small offering]] [[File:Mezaenaset's household Kemetic Shrine.jpg|thumb|Household Kemetic shrine]] Dhaqanka Masar-ti aadaankii wuxuu sharfay maat, fikrad ka kooban runta iyo sharafta. Caabudaadda cibaadada ee ilaahyada ee raadinta maat sidaas darteed waxaa loo arkaa mid quduus ah. Ilaahyadii hore ee Masar ee caanka ahaa ee la caabudo waxaa ka mid ah Ra, Amun, Isis iyo Osiris, Thoth, Sekhmet, Bastet, Hathor, iyo kuwo kale. Caabudaaddani guud ahaan waxay qaadataa qaab ducada, qurbaan, iyo dejinta meelaha allabariga.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-11-08 |title=Kemetic Starter Guide |url=https://thetwistedrope.wordpress.com/kemeticism/kemetic-starter-guide/ |access-date=2018-12-12 |website=The Twisted Rope |language=en}}</ref> Meelaha allabariga waxaa inta badan la dhisyaa iyadoo la isticmaalaya taallo ama matalaad laba-cabbir ah oo ka mid ah hal ama in ka badan oo ilaahyo ah, maadaama ay u adeegaan sidii xarunta diiradda ee caabudaadda.<ref>{{Cite book |author=DeTraci Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis a její mystéria : poznání univerzální bohyně |publisher=Book Club |pages=17 |isbn=80-242-0806-7 |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková}}</ref> Waxyaabaha dheeraadka ah ee meesha allabariga waxaa ka mid ah shumac, qurbaan loogu talagalay, tusbaxyo duco, gubasho uunsiga, iyo hal ama in ka badan oo suxuun ah oo loogu talagalay qurbaanka cuntada.<ref>{{Cite book |last=LaBorde |first=Sharon |title=Following the Sun: A Practical Guide to Egyptian Religion |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-365-87722-3 |edition=New Revised}}</ref> Inta badan qurbaanka Kemetic waxay isku dayaan inay ilaashadaan dhaqanka, iyagoo bixinaya shay isku mid ah ama la mid ah oo ay Masriyiintii hore bixin lahaayeen. == Ururada Kemetism-ka == === Kemetic Orthodoxy === {{Main|Kemetic Orthodoxy}} [[File:Truth and Mother Temple.jpg|thumbnail|The Truth and the Mother, the main shrine of Kemetic Orthodoxy]] Bulshada Mareykanka ee Kemetic Orthodoxy waxaa la aas aasay 1980-meeyadii. Waxay isu keentaa xubno ka kala yimid gobollo kala duwan, iyo sida uu qabo dabeecadeeda, waxay isku daydaa inay raacdo dhaqanka Masar sida ugu dhow ee suurtogalka ah oo ay dib u soo noolayso.<ref name="kemet.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemet.org/nisutAUS.html|title=Biography of Hekatawa I, our Nisut (AUS)|language=English|access-date=2008-08-19|archive-date=2011-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111174240/http://www.kemet.org/nisutAUS.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gabi ahaanba ruuxaas, waxaa madax u ah maamul (hadda Tamara Siuda) oo isticmaalaya qaar ka mid ah cinwaannada iyo sifooyinka kale ee Faraonnadii hore ee Masar. Waxaa loo fahmay inay tahay qaab-muujinta hadda ee ka boqortooyada ah, dahabka ku dhex jira ruuxa Hora, oo ah dhinac ka mid ah ilaahnimada oo lagu muujiyey qaab bini'aadam ah oo ah hoggaamiye ruuxi ah bulshada dhexdeeda.<ref name="kemet.org"/> Dhanka kale, waa dhaqdhaqaaqan halkaas oo ka bixitaanka fikradda dhaqameed (oo ah tan ugu dhow diinta Masar) ee ilaah/ilaahyada, lagu muujiyey fikradda monolatry oo ah caqiidada rasmiga ah, ay tahay mid aad u cad.<ref name="ORTHO" /> === Fellowship of Isis === {{Main|Fellowship of Isis}} Nooc kale oo ka mid ah ururka Kemetic waa Fellowship of Isis, oo lagu sameeyay Ireland. Waxay kaga duwan tahay inta badan kuwa kale in, iyadoo la raacaya qaabka xilligii dambe ee dareenka henoteistic, ay diiradda saarto cibaadada ilaahiyadda Isis, oo loo beddelay jawiga Giriigga qadiimiga ah iyo Roomaanka. Sidaa darteed dhaqanka Masar waa la beddelay isaga oo ay ugu wacan tahay tarjumaaddoodii hore, syncretism diimeed, iyo multiculturalism casriga ah.<ref>See the book {{Cite book |first=DeTraci |last=Regula |year=2002 |title=Isis and her mysteries: the knowledge of a universal goddess |publisher=Book Club |place=Prague |translator-first1=Ivana |translator-last1=Muková |isbn=80-242-0806-7}}, which is not, however, the official text of the community.</ref> === Ausar Auset Society === {{Main|Ausar Auset Society}} Ausar Auset Society waa urur ruuxi ah oo Pan-African ah oo la aas aasay 1973 waxaa aas aasay Ra Un Nefer Amen.<ref>{{cite book |last=Asante & Mazama |title=''Encyclopedia of Black Studies'' |publisher=Sage Publications |year=2005 |page=104}}</ref> Waxay xarunteedu tahay Brooklyn, New York. Waxay isticmaalaan bilicda Masar-ti aadaankii sida saldhigga diintooda. === Kuwo kale === Bulshooyinka kale ee Kemetist waxaa ka mid ah The Living Nuhati, iyo Ta Noutri ee Faransiiska ah ee shaqada ka tagtay.<ref>Ta Noutri is referred to as a Kemetic organization by the website [http://liens.religion.info/index.php?id=186 Religioscope] {{Wayback|url=http://liens.religion.info/index.php?id=186 |date=20071124085529 }} iyo the website [http://www.unisson06.org/annuaire/liens_spiritualite.htm Unisson]</ref> == Fiiro gaar ah == {{Reflist}} == Tixraacyada == {{More footnotes needed|date=May 2011}} * Marilyn C. Krogh; Brooke Ashley Pillifant, ''Kemetic Orthodoxy: Ancient Egyptian Religion on the Internet: A Research Note'', Sociology of Religion (2004). *Ellen Cannon Reed, ''Circle of Isis: Ancient Egyptian Magic for Modern Witches'' (2002), {{ISBN|978-1-56414-568-0}}. *J. G. Melton, ''Encyclopedia of American Religions'', 5th ed., Detroit (1996). == Xiriirinta dibadda == {{Commons category-inline|Kemetism}} 2dul7k1sxagmhoprdyb4ws9zhdj963o 10 52827 308930 2026-09-22T13:52:44Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: .multiple-issues-text { width: 95%; margin: 0.2em 0; } .multiple-issues-text > .mw-collapsible-content { margin-top: 0.3em; } /* Remove borders, backgrounds, padding, etc. */ .compact-ambox .ambox { border: none; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent; margin: 0 0 0 1.6em !important; padding: 0 !important; width: auto; display: block; } body.mediawiki .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left { font-size: 100%; width: auto; margin: 0; } /* Style the... 308930 sanitized-css text/css .multiple-issues-text { width: 95%; margin: 0.2em 0; } .multiple-issues-text > .mw-collapsible-content { margin-top: 0.3em; } /* Remove borders, backgrounds, padding, etc. */ .compact-ambox .ambox { border: none; border-collapse: collapse; background-color: transparent; margin: 0 0 0 1.6em !important; padding: 0 !important; width: auto; display: block; } body.mediawiki .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left { font-size: 100%; width: auto; margin: 0; } /* Style the text cell as a list item and remove its padding */ .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text { padding: 0 !important; margin: 0 !important; } .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span { display: list-item; line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: disc; } /** * Don't show the [show/hide] toggle in the mobile skin due to * the deployment of the MakeMobileCollapsibleGadget -- Sohom */ body.skin-minerva .multiple-issues-text > .mw-collapsible-toggle, /* Hide the images */ .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image, .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright, .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell, /* Allow for hiding text in compact form */ .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact { display: none; } pknk3nj9jx5p0smlk8yfebfi9ef3t9b 828 52828 308931 2026-09-22T13:54:12Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: local p = {} function p.type(frame) local html = frame:preprocess(frame.args[1] or "") for _, class in ipairs{"speedy", "delete", "protection", "move", "content", "style", "notice",} do if html:find("mbox-"..class, 1, true) then return class end end return "content" end return p 308931 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} function p.type(frame) local html = frame:preprocess(frame.args[1] or "") for _, class in ipairs{"speedy", "delete", "protection", "move", "content", "style", "notice",} do if html:find("mbox-"..class, 1, true) then return class end end return "content" end return p 5dwdiwowuov22wxltyxl0pqmunf5iua 10 52829 308932 2026-09-22T13:58:08Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Ambox | name = Essay-like | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = style | class = ambox-essay-like | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''wuxuu u qoran yahay sida {{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|[[Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not#Wikipedia is not a publisher of original thought|milicsi shaqsiyeed, qormo shaqsiyeed, ama qormo doodeed ah]]|[[WP:EDITORIAL|tifaftirid]] ama [[WP:NOTESSAY|qormo shaqsiyeed]]}}''' oo muujinaysa dareenka shaqsiyeed ee tifaftiraha Wikipedia ama soo bandhigaysa dood asal ah oo ku saabsan mawduuc. | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} caawi hagaajintiisa] adigoo dib ugu qoraya [[Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Information style and tone|qaab encyclopedia ah]]. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} }}{{DMCA|Wikipedia articles with style issues|from|{{{date|}}}|All articles with style issues|Wikipedia articles with style issues by month}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> 3scvuay54x1tv7561kg7m8tlwogx3cn 10 52830 308935 2026-09-22T14:02:19Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B=<!-- Template begin-->{{Ambox | name = More footnotes needed | type = style | class = ambox-More_footnotes_needed | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | image = [[file:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|alt=|link=]] | issue = {{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{BLP|{{{blp|}}}}}}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}} [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|ku saabsan qof nool]]|[[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh nololeedka qof nool]]}}|{{{1|maqaalka}}}}} waxa ku jira liis [[{{SITENAME}}:Citing sources#General references|tixraacyo guud]] ah '''laakiin waxa ka maqan [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Inline citations|xigashooyin gudaha qoraalka]] oo ku filan'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaajinta {{{1|maqaalkan}}}] adigoo [[Wikipedia:When to cite|ku daraya]] xigashooyin aad u sax ah. {{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{BLP|{{{blp|}}}}}}}}|yes|Waxyaabaha muranka dhalin kara ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan lahayn ilo ama leh ilo daciif ah '''waa in si degdeg ah loo saaraa''', gaar ahaan haddii ay noqon karaan [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil]] ama waxyeello leh.}} | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada aan lahayn xigashooyin gudaha qoraalka | all = Dhammaan maqaallada aan lahayn xigashooyin gudaha qoraalka }}<!--Template end--> {{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Bogagga isticmaalaya More footnotes needed oo leh xuduudo aan la aqoon|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Bog isticmaalaya [[Template:More footnotes]] oo leh xuduud aan la aqoon "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| | 1 | blp | BLP | date | reason | small | partial}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha iyo interwiki-yada bogga hoose ee /doc, mahadsanid --> </noinclude> nshjs9j8oyvos4j1479hzqp5lojwgp8 12 52831 308937 2026-09-22T14:11:28Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] (notability), [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] (verifiability), [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]] (neutral point of view), iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]] (no original research). Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] (tone) iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "cite", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Verifiability]]; iyo * "adding citations to reliable sources", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista (Removal) == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]]. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Help desk|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: [[Wikipedia:Help desk/chat|#wikipedia-en-help]]. qrztzyjg2d5d9s6e0ibei9xfwr9hq85 308940 308937 2026-09-22T14:13:02Z Isma4l 41797 /* Saarista */ 308940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] (notability), [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] (verifiability), [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]] (neutral point of view), iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]] (no original research). Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] (tone) iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "cite", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Verifiability]]; iyo * "adding citations to reliable sources", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]]. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Help desk|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: [[Wikipedia:Help desk/chat|#wikipedia-en-help]]. lx1s8vseg7eenqy9de8ahrg2iwqt2ij 308941 308940 2026-09-22T14:13:14Z Isma4l 41797 La ilaaliyay "[[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]]" ([Wax ka badal=​U ogolow kaliya isticmaalayaasha la xaqiijiyay] (aan xad lahayn) [Wareeji=​U ogolow kaliya isticmaalayaasha la xaqiijiyay] (aan xad lahayn)) 308940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] (notability), [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] (verifiability), [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]] (neutral point of view), iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]] (no original research). Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] (tone) iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "cite", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Verifiability]]; iyo * "adding citations to reliable sources", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]]. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Help desk|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: [[Wikipedia:Help desk/chat|#wikipedia-en-help]]. lx1s8vseg7eenqy9de8ahrg2iwqt2ij 308955 308941 2026-09-22T14:46:39Z Isma4l 41797 /* Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? */ 308955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] (notability), [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] (verifiability), [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]] (neutral point of view), iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]] (no original research). Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] (tone) iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "cite", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Verifiability]]; iyo * "adding citations to reliable sources", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]]. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Caawin|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: a5f3q0h72twjuiyik8nro1nuipt2yv8 308956 308955 2026-09-22T14:47:30Z Isma4l 41797 /* Beddelidda tusmada */ 308956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] (notability), [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] (verifiability), [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]] (neutral point of view), iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]] (no original research). Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] (tone) iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "cite", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Verifiability]]; iyo * "adding citations to reliable sources", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo koobitaanka beddelka. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Caawin|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: 3bcg8nzkyg4z55jsq2zlw54ylw5b67r 308961 308956 2026-09-22T14:49:06Z Isma4l 41797 308961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] , [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]] (neutral point of view), iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]] (no original research). Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] (tone) iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "cite", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Verifiability]]; iyo * "adding citations to reliable sources", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo koobitaanka beddelka. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Caawin|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: a3ykiud97fzx1k29e2ufllgxl8p9fmd 308962 308961 2026-09-22T14:50:03Z Isma4l 41797 /* Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay */ 308962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] , [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]], iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]]. Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "cite", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Verifiability]]; iyo * "adding citations to reliable sources", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo koobitaanka beddelka. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Caawin|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: s0l8u4pio6ijz64zyxdbmj81stp6y63 308963 308962 2026-09-22T14:51:57Z Isma4l 41797 /* Tusaale */ 308963 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] , [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]], iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]]. Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "tixraac", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Soo bandhigida xogta]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Xaqiijin]]; iyo * "ku darista xigashooyinka ilo lagu kalsoon yahay", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:Consensus|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion]]. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo koobitaanka beddelka. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Caawin|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: kw4bd0i7durllkj120br890umyfguvy 308964 308963 2026-09-22T14:53:28Z Isma4l 41797 /* Goorta la saarayo */ 308964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikipedia how to|WP:MTR|H:MTR}} {{Nutshell|Haddii aad la kulanto tusmo dayactir, waad caawin kartaa Wikipedia! Haddii aad fahanto dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysana aad si sax ah u xalisay, waxaad gacankaaga uga saari kartaa tusmada; <strong>lama</strong> saari doono si otomaatig ah.}} {{caution|Tifaftirayaasha xaqiiqda ah ee Wikipedia weligood ma soo bandhigi doonaan inay ka saaraan tusmooyinka dayactirka lacag beddelkeed ah. Eeg [[Wikipedia:Scam warning|digniinta khiyaanada tifaftirka lacag-bixinta]].}} Bogag badan oo Wikipedia ah ayaa soo bandhiga [[Wikipedia:Template index/Cleanup|tusmooyin dayactir]] oo tilmaamaya dhibaatooyin. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad boggan caawimaadda ah timid kadib markii aad gujisay xiriiriye ku yaal tusmo dayactir oo oranaya "<samp>''Baro sida iyo goorta la saaro fariintan''</samp>". Tusmooyinka dayactirka waxaa ku dara isla markaana ka saara mutadawiciin. Boggan caawimaaddu wuxuu sharxayaa habraaca lagu baaro loogana saaro tusmooyinka caynkaas ah. == Guud mar == [[WP:TM|Tusmooyinka dayactirka]] (ama "sumadaha") si otomaatig ah looma saaro. Xataa haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada ama dhibaatooyinka ku xusan tusmada dayactirka, sumaddu waxay ku sii sugnaan doontaa maqaalka ilaa adiga ama qof kale uu ''gacantiisa uga saaro''. Habka saarista ayaa inta badan u fudud sida in la gujiyo "Beddel" (Edit) oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama qaybta aad saxday, in la tirtiro koodka soo saara muujinta tusmada, in la reebo [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] (edit summary), oo la keydiyo bogga. Waa inaad '''aanad''' ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka ilaa inta dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamaysaa laga xallinayo marka hore—taas oo ah, ilaa inta sumadda dayactirku aanay mar dambe ansax ahayn—iska daa haddii aanay si dhab ah u lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii horeba. Tusmooyinka dayactirka <strong>lama</strong> isticmaali karo si loo muujiyo ra'yigaaga shakhsiga ah. Wikipedia waxay ku shaqaysaa dadaallada mutadawiciinta sidaada oo kale ah, iyagoo sameynaya [[WP:BOLD|beddelitaan geesinimo leh]] si ay gacan uga geystaan dhismaha encyclopedia-gan. Xallinta dhibaatooyinka iyo ka saarida tusmooyinka dayactirka marka aad dhammayso waa muhiim dadaalkaas. == Wax ka qabashada dhibaatada la tilmaamay == {{Shortcut|WP:TEMPREMOVE|H:TEMPREMOVE}} Annagu ma ogayn sumadda dayactir ee ku keentay boggan, sidaas darteedna ma ogayn dhibaatada gaarka ah ee u baahan fiiro gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusmo kasta oo dayactir ah waxay wadataa xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogag caawimaad, siyaasado, hagayaal, ama bogag kale oo khuseeya oo bixiya macluumaadka ku saabsan dhibaatada loo saaray tusmada. Waxaad sidoo kale ka heli doontaa hagitaan ku saabsan qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka caadiga ah ee [[#Specific template guidance|hoose]]. Tusmooyin badan oo caadi ah ayaa wax ka qabta dhibaatooyinka la xiriira tixraacyada iyo ilaha maqaalka, ama ''la'aantood'' — tani waa sababta oo ah ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo waa nolosha maqaallada Wikipedia waxayna udub dhexaad u yihiin dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka Wikipedia, sida [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] , [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] [[WP:NPOV|aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah]], iyo [[WP:NOR|cilmi-baarista asalka ah ma jiro]]. Laakiin dhibaatooyin kale oo badan ayaa sidoo kale lagu tilmaami karaa tusmooyinka dayactirka, oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:Tone|codka]] iyo [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Style of writing|qaabka qoraalka]], [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup#Structure, formatting and sections|qaab-dhismeedka iyo habaynta]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriye la'aanta]] bogagga kale ama [[WP:Orphan|laga helayo bogag kale]], u hoggaansanaanta [[WP:MOS|haga qaabka]] Wikipedia, iyo maqnaanshaha ama nuxurka [[WP:LEAD|qaybta hordhaca ah]]. Fadlan hubi in dhibaatada la xalliyay ka hor intaanad saarin tusmada. Taasina waxay u baahan tahay xoogaa dadaal ah dhinacaaga ah—si loo fahmo labada dhibaatadaba iyo sida loo xalliyo. === Tusaale === Haddii dhibaatada ay tilmaamaysayo tusmada dayactirka ay tahay in maqaalku uusan lahayn tixraacyo, tusmada [[Wikipedia:Citation needed|tixraac ayaa loo baahan yahay]] ayaa la isticmaali karaa {{tlx|Unreferenced}} – oo inta badan la dhex geliyo koodka aad ku aragto tifaftirka wikitext (source): <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>. Waa muhiim in la fahmo in waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''akhrinayso'' maqaal, iyo waxa aad ku aragto markaad ''tifaftirayso'', ay kala duwan yihiin illaa aad ku jirto habka tifaftirka Muuqaalka (Visual editing). Sidaas darteed, koodka kore, ee lagu arko oo kaliya marka la sameynayo tifaftirka ilaha (source editing), wuxuu keenaa ''muujinta'' tusmada '[[Wikipedia:Transclusion|la wacay]]' ee hoose: <div style="border:1px dashed grey; position:relative; float:left; padding:1em;"> <div style="font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic;">Tusaale:</div> {{unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} </div>{{clear}} Tusmadani waxay wadataa dhowr [[Help:Link|xiriiriye]], oo ay tilmaamayaan ereyada iyo weedhaha buluugga ah. Saddex ka mid ah xiriiriyeyaashani waa bogag, marka la baaro, bixiya macnaha guud iyo agab si aad u fahamto ''sababta'' loo saaray tusmada bogga, iyo ''sida'' wax looga qabto dhibaatada maqaalka ee ah inuu ''aan lahayn tixraac'': * "tixraac", oo ku xiraya hagaha nuxurka [[Wikipedia:Soo bandhigida xogta]]; * "sources", oo ku xiraya siyaasadda [[Wikipedia:Xaqiijin]]; iyo * "ku darista xigashooyinka ilo lagu kalsoon yahay", oo ku xiraya bog caawimaad oo bixiya [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|hage ku saabsan aasaaska tixraacyada wikitext]]. Sumad kasta oo dayactir ah oo kugu keentay boggan caawimaadda ah waa inay si la mid ah wadataa xiriiriyeyaal sharaxaad leh oo quseeya ''dhibaatadeeda''. Akhri bogaggan sharaxaadda ah si aad u barato dhibaatada iyo waxa ay tahay inaad samayso si aad u daryeesho. Mar labaad, qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ugu caansan ayaa lagaga hadlay [[#Specific template guidance|qaybta hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee hoose]]. == Goorta la saarayo == {{shortcuts|WP:WTRMT}} Tusmooyinka dayactirka looguma talagalin inay maqaallada ku jiraan si joogto ah. Qof kasta oo isticmaale ah oo aan lahayn [[Wikipedia:Conflict of interest|khilaaf daneed]] wuxuu ka saari karaa tusmada dayactirka mid ka mid ah xaaladahan soo socda: #{{Anchor|1}} Marka dhibaatada si ku filan wax looga qabtay; #{{Anchor|2}} Marka la ogaado in dhibaatada la xalliyay (malaha qof kale); #{{Anchor|3}} Haddii ay si macquul ah u muuqato in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal markii la saaray ama lagu daray qalad. Marka hore tixgeli inaad arrinta kala hadasho qofkii asalka ahaan saaray tusmada (haddaanu isticmaalahani mar dambe ka shaqaynayn Wikipedia). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii dhibaatadu ay u muuqato mid muran dhalin karta, raadi [[Wikipedia:is afgarad|isafgarad]] [[Help:Using talk pages|bogga wadahadalka]]; #{{Anchor|4}} Markaan la bilaabin dood bogga wadahadalka maqaalka (ee loogu talagalay tusmooyinka codsanaya); #{{Anchor|5}} Marka uu jiro isafgarad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka (ama meel kale) oo ku saabsan sida wax looga qabto dhibaatada la tilmaamay, oo aad si macquul ah u fulinayso isbeddeladaas. (Waa caado wanaagsan in la xuso meesha uu isafgaradku ka dhacay [[Help:Edit Summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee la socda saaristaada, adigoo doorbidaya [[Help:Link#Wikilinks|xiriiriye]] ku socda goobtaas); #{{Anchor|6}} Marka si macquul ah loo soo gabagabeeyo in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn, sida tusmada {{tlx|Current}} oo ka muuqata maqaal aan mar dambe diiwaangelinayn dhacdo taagan; #{{Anchor|7}} Haddii tusmada dayactirku ay tahay nooc u baahan taageero laakiin aan si buuxda loo taageerin. Tusaale ahaan, tusmooyinka la xiriira dhex-dhexaadnimada sida {{tlx|COI}} (la xiriirta [[WP:COI|hagaha khilaafka daneed]]) ama {{tlx|POV}} (la xiriirta [[WP:NPOV|siyaasadda aragtida dhex-dhexaadka ah]]) waxay si xoog leh u talinayaan in tifaftiraha saaray sumaddu uu bilaabo dood (badanaa bogga wadahadalka maqaalka) si uu u taageero saaridda sumadda. Haddii tifaftiraha saaray uu ku guuldarraystay inuu sidaas sameeyo, ama dooddu ay huruddo, oo aan jirin taageero kale oo tusmada ah, waa laga saari karaa. Tusmada {{tlx|notability}} waa laga saari karaa mana la soo celin karo haddii maqaalku uu ka gudbay dib-u-eegista. #{{Anchor|8}} Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmada marka sida ugu fiican ee aad garanayso maqnaanshaha beddelitaannada iyo/ama doodda bogga wadahadalka loo tarjumi karo in dhibaatadu aanay mudnayn in la saxo (sida nooc ka mid ah "[[Wikipedia:Silence and consensus|isafgarad aamusan]]"). Fadlan ogow inaanay hadda jirin isafgarad ku saabsan saarista guud ee tusmooyinka dayactirka ee ku salaysan da'da{{snd}}taas oo ah, in tusmada laga saaro si saafi ah ama inta badan sababtoo ah way gaboobday {{em|looma arko}} dood ku filan. Reeban waa in laga saaro tusmooyinka la xiriira POV ee doodahoodu ay hurdeen, sida lagaga hadlay qodobka kor ku xusan. #{{Anchor|9}} Ugu dambeyn, waxaa jira waqtiyo qof isku dayaya inuu wax ka qabto tusmo dayactir oo tilmaamaysa arrin aasaasi ah uu ogaado in dhibaatadu {{em|aanay suurtagal ahayn}} in wax laga qabto. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal lagu tilmaamo inuu ka maqan yahay tixraacyo ku socda ilaha [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], ay qoreen dad [[Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources|sedexaad]] oo ka madax bannaan mawduuca, oo isticmaale arkay tusmada dayactirka uu ogaado in ilahaas ay u muuqdaan kuwo {{em|aan jirin}}, taasi waxay badanaa ka dhigan tahay in maqaalka la tirtiro [[Wikipedia:Deletion process|tirtiro]]. Xaaladaha caynkaas ah, ma aha intaas in tusmadu aanay lahayn meesha ay ku taal oo la saaro, laakiin waa in calaamadaynta bogga dayactirku aanay weligeed xallin doonin dhibaatada ugu muhiimsan ee ah in bogga laftiisu uusan ku lahayn Wikipedia gabi ahaanba. == Goorta aan la saarin == {{shortcuts|WP:WNTRMT|WP:MAINTENANCEDISAGREEMENT}} Waa inaadan ka saarin tusmooyinka dayactirka haddii mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda uu jiro: # Ma fahamsanin dhibaatada ay soo bandhigtay tusmadu; # Dhibaatadu weli lama xallin; # Waxaa socda hawlo ama dood la xiriirta dhibaatada tusmada; # Dhibaatada ay tusmada dayactirku tilmaamayso si cad oo aan mugdi ku jirin ayaa looga baahan yahay maqaal sax ah oo hoos yimaada [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha Wikipedia]]; # Lacag ayaa lagugu siiyay inaad wax ka beddesho maqaalka ama waxaad leedahay [[WP:COI|khilaaf daneed]] kale (reebanayaal qaar ayaa jira: eeg dukumentiyada tusmada gaarka ah). == Saarista == Ma si taxaddar leh u akhriday bogagga caawimaadda oo ma si buuxda u xalisay dhibaatada? Mise waxaad gaartay go'aan la tixgeliyay oo ah in tusmadu aanay sii khusayn ama aanay jirin weligeed? Waa hagaag! Hadda, si aad u saarto tusmada dayactirka: # Guji "edit" ama "edit source" oo ku taal dusha sare ee bogga ama [[Help:Section#Section editing|qaybta]] uu tusmada ku jiro. # Tirtir tusmada: #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso adigoo adeegsanaya VisualEditor'': Guji tusmada (sumadda), taas oo markaas isu rogi doonta buluug. Riix batoonka "Delete" ama backspace ee kiiboodhkaaga. #* ''Haddii aad wax ku beddelayso wikitext ("source" editing)'': Tirtir koodka tusmada. Koodka tusmada ee aad ku aragto habkan tifaftirka wuxuu inta badan noqon doonaa foomka soo socda, sida tusaalaha kor ku xusan: <code><nowiki>{{Magaca tusmada|date=Bil Sannad}}</nowiki></code>. # Reeb [[Help:Edit summary|koobitaanka beddelka]] ee sharaxaadda leh, tusaale ahaan, "Waan saaray [''magaca tusmada''] sababtoo ah waan xalliyay dhibaatada." # Guji {{button|{{int:publishchanges}}}}. == Beddelidda tusmada == Dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaami karaan dhibaatooyin labaad oo sii jiri doona xitaa marka aad daryeesho dhibaatada ugu weyn. Xaaladaha oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboon tahay in tusmada loo beddelo mid kale oo khusaysa marka aad dhammaysato beddelitaannadaada, halkii aad si fudud u saari lahayd. Sababta ka dambeysa isbeddelka tusmooyinka waa in lagaga hadlo koobitaanka beddelka. Tusaale cad waa tusmada {{Tl|Unreferenced}} ee tusaalaha ahayd ee la isticmaalay kor. Waxaa lagu dhejiyaa bogag aan lahayn ''wax tixraac ah''. Sidaas darteed, ku-darista hal tixraac oo ku habboon ayaa ka dhigaysa tusmadaas dayactir mid aan khusayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isbeddelkaasi ma daryeelayo ''arrinta guud ee ilaha xun''. Tusaalahan, beddelidda tusmo kale ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato, iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, sida {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}}, ama mid ka mid ah kuwa kale ee badan ee ku taxan Liska kale, tusmooyinka qaar waxay tilmaamayaan dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo aan u baahnayn in la tixgeliyo in loo beddelo tusmo kale. Tusaale ahaan, haddii maqaal uu yahay "[[Wikipedia:Orphan|aan la xiriirin]]" (orphaned) – ma jiro maqaal kale oo ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:What is an article?#Namespace|magaca ugu weyn ee maqaallada]] oo ku xiraya isaga – markaas mar alla markii taas la daryeelo (by ku-darista xiriiriyeyaal uga imaanaya maqaallo kale), dhibaatadu way baxaysaa gabi ahaanba oo saarista sumaddu waa mid cad oo aan muran lahayn. Marka dhibaatada la tilmaamay wax laga qabto qaybo ka mid ah maqaalka laakiin ay ku hartay qaybo gooni ah, caddaynta waxaa lagu caawin karaa iyadoo tusmada lagu beddelo nuqul qaybeed (section variant), ama iyadoo la isticmaalayo [[Template:Inline cleanup tags|tusmooyinka nadiifinta ee dhex-dhaadka ah]], haddii noocyadaas tusmada ay jiraan. Xaaladaha qaar, waxaa laga yaabaa inay caawiso in la codsado dib-u-eegis ku saabsan saarista tusmada dayactirka ama soo jeedinta saarista lala yeesho tifaftiraha asalka ahaan ku daray maqaalka khuseeya. == Hagitaanka tusmooyinka gaarka ah == {{Anchor|Multiple issues|Unreferenced|Refimprove|No footnotes|Primary sources|Notability|Advert|POV|Lead missing}} Qaybtani waxay kugula talinaysaa sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah tusmooyinka gaarka ah ee caadiga ah ee laga yaabo inay kugu keeneen boggan caawimaadda ah. Macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan tusmooyinka waxaa laga heli karaa adigoo raacaya xiriiriyeyaasha u socda tusmooyinka laftooda. '''Guji "show" dhinaca midig si aad u soo bandhigto tilmaamaha.''' {{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Multiple issues}}}} Maqaallada qaar waxaa lagu calaamadin doonaa dhibaatooyin badan oo kala duwan iyadoo la adeegsanayo hal tusmo: {{tl|Multiple issues}}. Haddii aad daryeesho hal ama in ka badan oo ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka ay tilmaamayso laakiin ''aanay ahayn dhammaantood'', ha saarin tusmada gabi ahaanba ee kaliya tirtir [[Help:Template#Parameters|halbeegyada]] ku dhex jira ee aad saxday. Tusaalaha hoose wuxuu muujinayaa saddex dhibaato oo kala duwan oo ay tilmaamayso tusmadan: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{Orphan|date=January 2008}} {{POV|date=June 2008}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Haddii aad xalliso dhibaatada "aan la xiriirin" (orphaning), laakiin aanad xallin labada kale, ka saar kaliya safka tilmaamay dhibaatada orphan-ka oo kuwa kalena halkooda ku dhaaf. Sidaas darteed, saaristaadu waxay uga tagi doontaa tusmada xaaladdan. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Multiple issues| {{POV|date=June 2009}} {{One source|date=March 2011}} }}</syntaxhighlight> Eeg qaybaha hoose si aad u ogaato sida wax looga qabto qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah ee ay tilmaamayaan tusmooyinka ee lagu dhex duuduubi karo tusmadan. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Unreferenced}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Unreferenced}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Unsourced}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Unverified}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No sources}}</nowiki>, iyo <nowiki>{{Unref}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Unreferenced|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban ''wax tixraac ah ma laha'' gabi ahaanba. Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka hal tixraac uu ka muuqdo maqaalka, ha noqdo mid lagu rakibay habka la door bidayo ee [[Wikipedia:Inline citation|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]], kuwa ka muuqda qaybta [[WP:GENREF|tixraacyada guud]], ama xitaa hab xun oo ah in lagu daro [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Avoid embedded links|xiriiriye cayriin oo dhex gelisan]]. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo'''. Sababta oo ah muhiimadooda, Wikipedia waxay leedahay bogag tilmaamo badan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada tixraaca. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} Sida laga xusay [[Help:Maintenance template removal#Changing to a different template|kor ku xusan boggan]], ilaa aad si fiican ugu darto ilo bogga adiga uga jawaabaya tusmadan, waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku habboonaato in tusmadan lagu beddelo mid gaar ah halkii laga saari lahaa oo keliya. Iyadoo ku xiran nooca, tayada, qoto dheeraanta, iyo habka ilaha lagu daray si loo xalliyo dhibaatada, waxaad ku beddeli kartaa {{tl|refimprove}}, {{tl|No footnotes}}, {{tl|Primary sources}} ama kuwo kale oo badan oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Refimprove}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan oo ah baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|Refimprove}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Refimprove|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Improve references}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Verify}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{More sources}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Citations needed}}</nowiki>, oo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Refimprove|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal leh qaar, laakiin tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ''aan ku filnayn'' si ay u taageeraan agabka hadda ku jira maqaalka. Waa inaan loo isticmaalin maqaallada aan lahayn ilo haba yaraatee ({{tl|unreferenced}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah laakiin leh ilo qaar ({{tl|No footnotes}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda), ama maqaal ku saabsan [[WP:BLP|dadka nool]] ({{tl|BLP sources}} waa in la isticmaalo beddelkeeda). Tusmadani mar dambe ma khusayso marka maqaalka laga dhigo mid si cadaalad ah looga helay ilo ku filan. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo dheeraad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''' dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Haddii maqaalku noqday mid "laga helay ilo ku filan" iyo in kale waxay noqon kartaa go'aan xukun ah, laakiin si kasta ha ahaatee, ilaha la isticmaalo waa inay noqdaan kuwo [[WP:IRS|lagu kalsoonaan karo]], mana aha in maqaalladu ay inta badan ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]], ee waa inay ku tiirsanaadaan [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]]. Ogow kan ''ugu yar'': dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, waa inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|No footnotes}}}} Dhammaan siyaasadaha iyo hagayaasha nuxurka aasaasiga ah ee Wikipedia waxay leeyihiin hal shay oo ay wadaagaan: baahida loo qabo ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tusaale ahaan, nuxurka maqaallada Wikipedia waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|lagu hubin karo]] [[WP:IRS|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]; [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca waxaa lagu muujiyaa ilahaas lagu kalsoonaan karo ee ah kuwo ''[[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]]'' ah dabeecad ahaan, kuwaas oo ah kuwo ''[[WP:INDEPENDENT|madax bannaan]]'' ka ah mawduuca isla markaana uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan (oo aan ahayn "xusan keliya"); iyo si loo caddeeyo in nuxurku uusan ahayn [[WP:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ilaha la soo xigtay waa inay si toos ah u taageeraan agabka la soo bandhigayo iyada oo aan la samayn falanqayn ama isku-dubarid si loo gaaro ama loo tilmaamo gunaanad aan ku xusnayn ilaha. {{tl|No footnotes}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{No footnotes|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No citations}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Inline citations}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{No inline citations}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{No footnotes|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ka kooban nooc ka mid ah ilo laakiin ka maqan yahay saxnaanta [[WP:IC|tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah]] si loogu xiro qaybo gaar ah oo ka mid ah agabka ilo/ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo gaar ah oo taageeraya agabkaas. Tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah waxay ka dhigayaan [[WP:V|xaqiiqo-hubinta]] mid la heli karo. Marka la koobo, iyada oo aysan jirin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku xiraya agab gaar ah il gaar ah, waxay u adkaanaysaa akhristaha inuu hubiyo ilaha, ee la bixiyay hab guud oo keliya, waxa ay xaqiijinayaan waxyaabaha ka kooban nuxurka. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo dhex-dhexaad ah oo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo''', ugu habboon dhammaan bayaannada muhiimka ah ee ku jira maqaalka. Ogow in ugu yaraan: dhammaan xigashooyinka, agabka xaqiiqo-hubintooda la looltamay ama ay u dhowdahay in la looltamo, iyo agabka doodda dhalin kara, ha ahaadaan kuwo taban, togan, ama dhex-dhexaad ah, oo ku saabsan dadka nool, ay tahay inay ka kooban yihiin tixraac dhex-dhexaad ah oo si toos ah u taageera agabka. Waxaa jira bogag tilmaamo badan oo si toos ah iyo si dadban u bixiya hagitaan ku saabsan ku-darista tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah. Waxaan kugula talineynaa in laga bilaabo [[Help:Referencing for beginners]] iyo [[Help:Introduction to referencing/1]], ka dibna la eego [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]] si loo helo daaweyn dheeraad ah, iyadoo la xusuusanayo in mid kastaa uu leeyahay qaybo arag sidoo kale oo ku xiraya bogag caawimaad oo dheeraad ah, hagayaal, iyo casharro. Hage muuqaal ah oo lagu rakibayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah iyada oo loo marayo sumadaha <code><nowiki><ref> ... </ref></nowiki></code> ayaa sidoo kale caawin kara, wuxuuna ka muuqdaa hoose. {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background: LightSteelBlue; text-align: center; |title=Hagaha tixraaca muuqaalka ee dhex-dhexaadka ah }} {| class="wikitable" |+ Habaynta tixraacyada iyadoo la adeegsanayo tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah |- style="vertical-align: top;" | colspan=2 | <small>Dhammaan macluumaadka ku jira maqaallada Wikipedia waa in lagu [[Wikipedia:Verification|hubiyaa]] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyada]] ilaha [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|laga kalsoonaan karo]]. Habkayaga tixraaca ee la door bidayo waa in la isticmaalo foomka <span class="plainlinks">"[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php cite.php]"</span> ee tixraacyada dhex-dhexaadka ah, iyadoo la adeegsanayo walxaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki>. Adeegsanaya habkan, mar kasta oo il gaar ah laga soo saaro macluumaad (''ha koobiyeyn eray-haga-eray''!), hoose-qoraal ayaa lagu dhex meeleeyaa qoraalka ("inline"), kaas oo qofka u kaxeeya faahfaahinta ilaha marka la gujiyo, oo lagu dejiyo [[Help:Section|qaybta]] tixraacyada ka dib qoraalka maqaalka.</small><p><small> Marka la koobo, meel kasta oo aad rabto in hoose-qoraal uu ka muuqdo qayb ka mid ah qoraalka, waxaad gelisaa sumad furitaan <nowiki><ref></nowiki> ah oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca ee aad rabto inuu ka muuqdo hoose ee maqaalka, oo ku xir sumad <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Ogow xariiqa xiritaanka ("/"). Isticmaalka badan ee il keliya, sumadda furitaanka ref waxaa la siiyaa magac, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca"></nowiki> oo ay ku xigto qoraalka tixraaca iyo sumad xiritaan <nowiki></ref></nowiki> ah. Mar kasta oo aad rabto inaad mar labaad isticmaasho hoose-qoraalkaas, waxaad si fudud u isticmaashaa walxaha koowaad ee leh xariiq, sida oo kale: <nowiki><ref name="magaca" /></nowiki>.</small></p><p><small> Si tixraacyadan ay u muuqdaan, waa inaad u sheegtaa barnaamijka meesha uu ka soo bandhigo, adigoo adeegsanaya koodka <nowiki><references/></nowiki> ama, inta badan, tusmada, {{tl|Reflist}} taas oo wax laga beddeli karo si loo soo bandhigo tixraacyada tiirar iyadoo la adeegsanayo <nowiki>{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</nowiki>. Sida [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|hagawaasheenna qaabka]], tixraacyada waa in lagu soo bandhigaa qayb gaar ah oo loo bixiyay "References" oo ku taal ka dib jirka maqaalka.</small></p> |- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" | <small>'''''Koodka [[Wikipedia:Footnotes|tixraaca dhex-dhexaadka ah]]; waxaad ku qortaa 'qaabka tifaftirka{{'}}'''''</small> | <small>'''''Waxa uu soo saarayo marka aad keydiso'''''</small> |- style="vertical-align: top;" | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref><ref></nowiki></span><code>{{xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 2.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span><p><br />Isticmaalka<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane"></nowiki></span><code>{{Xt|Qoraalka tixraaca 3.}}</code><span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki></ref></nowiki></span>tixraaca<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> ee<span style="color: #002BB8;"><nowiki><ref name="badane" /></nowiki></span> badan.</p><p><br />== References ==</p><p><nowiki>{{Reflist}}</nowiki></p> | style="width: 400px;"|Labada tixraac ee kala duwan.<ref>Qoraalka tixraaca.</ref><ref>Qoraalka tixraaca 2.</ref><p><br /><br /> Isticmaalka<ref name="badane">Qoraalka tixraaca 3.</ref> tixraaca<ref name="badane" /> ee<ref name="badane" /> badan.</p><p><u style="font-size: larger;"><br /><br /><br />'''References'''_________________</u></p><p></p>{{Reflist}} |- | style="text-align: center;" colspan="2" | <small>Tusmooyinka loo isticmaali karo inta u dhaxaysa sumadaha <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> si loo habeeyo tixraacyada</small><p>{{tl|Citation}} • {{tl|Cite web}} • {{tl|Cite book}} • {{tl|Cite news}} • {{tl|Cite journal}} • [[:Category:Citation templates|Kuwo kale]] • [[Wikipedia:Citation templates|Tusaalooyin]]</p> |- |}<!-- Template:Refref --> {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Primary sources}}}} {{tl|Primary sources}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Primary sources|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh dhowr dib-u-jiidasho oo ay ka mid tahay <nowiki>{{Primary}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Primary sources|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal aad ugu tiirsan [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilaha asaasiga ah]] – agabka asaasiga ah ee u dhow dhacdada; inta badan xisaabaadka ay qoreen dadka si toos ah uga qayb qaatay – halkii laga ahaan lahaa [[WP:SECONDARY|labaad]], iyo heer gaar ah, [[tertiary source|ilaha saddexaad]]. Ilaha asaasiga ah waxay leeyihiin meesheeda laakiin waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo waana kuwo sahlan in si xun loo isticmaalo. Inta badan, waa in la isticmaalo oo keliya bayaannada toos ah, ee sharaxaadka ah ee xaqiiqooyinka ah oo ay xaqiijin karto qof kasta oo wax bartay oo heli kara ilaha asaasiga ah laakiin aan lahayn aqoon dheeraad ah, oo gaar ah. Wasan in loo isticmaalo in lagu taageero nuxurka soo bandhigaya tarjumaad, falanqayn, qiimayn, ama isku-dubarid, mana aha inay noqdaan qaabka ugu badan ee ilaha ee ku jira maqaalka. Intaa waxaa dheer, ilaha asaasiga ah guud ahaan maaha kuwo waxtar u leh muujinta [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, '''ku dar tixraacyo inta badan ku socda ilaha labaad'''. Inta badan tani waxay ku lug leedahay beddelidda qaar ka mid ah ilaha asaasiga ah oo lagu beddelayo ilaha labaad, oo aan ahayn in lagu daro oo keliya agagaarka ilaha hadda jira—gaar ahaan halka ilaha asaasiga ah loo isticmaalo ujeeddo aan sax ahayn sida sheegashooyinka tarjumaadda iyo isku-dubaridka. Helitaanka ilaha labaad waa mawduuc weyn laakiin adeegso Google Books, News, and Scholar; hel kaydka wargeysoyada deegaanka; tag maktabad; haddii aad haysato marin, adeegso adeegyada lacagta/iska-diiwaangelinta sida JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, iwm.; eeg hagaha aan u hayno [[WP:FENS|ilaha wargeysyada Ingiriiska ee lacag la'aanta ah]] iyo kuwa kale ee ku taxan [[Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library/Navbox|halkan]]; codso marin u helista ilaha lacagta/daawada ee [[WP:RX]]. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax bannaan oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Notability}}}} Wikipedia waa [[WP:ENC|encyclopedia]], nooc gaar ah oo shaqo tixraac ah oo si sax ah uga kooban maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada aqoonta. Wikipedia waxay isticmaashaa fikradda [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] si looga fogaado [[WP:IINFO|ku-darista aan kala sooc lahayn]] ee mawduucyada iyadoo la isku dayayo in la hubiyo in maqaallada ay yihiin kuwo "mudan in la ogaado"{{snd}}iyadoo lagu daro oo keliya maqaallo ku saabsan mawduucyada uu adduunku dareemay iyagoo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo ee aan ku xirnayn mawduuca. Heerka muhiimadda guud Sidaas darteed wuxuu u malaynayaa in mawduucyada ay yihiin kuwo muhiim ah haddii ay "heleen '''coverage muhiim ah''' gudaha '''[[WP:reliable sources|ilaha lagu kalsoonaan karo]]''' ee ah '''[[WP:Independent sources|madax bannaan ka ah mawduuca]]'''". {{tl|Notability}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Notability|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, oo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Non-notable}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nn}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Significance}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Notability|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc ka mid ah oo ku xiraya mid ka mid ah [[:Category:Wikipedia notability guidelines|hagayaasha muhiimadda ee mawduuca gaarka ah]]) wuxuu su'aal gelayaa in mawduucu yahay mid muhiim ah. Sida ku xusan tusmada, wax ka qabashada dhibaatada waxay u baahan tahay in lagu daro tixraacyo ilaha labaad ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Waxaa jira qaladaad badan oo caadi ah oo lagu arko wax ka qabashada dhibaatadan: * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada laakiin ilaha aan lagu kalsoonaan karin''': Waxaan raadineynaa daaweyn ilaha sida maqaallada wargeysyada waaweyn, buugta aan madhalayska ahayn, joornaalada, joornaalada aqoonyahanka, dokumentiyada telefishanka iyo raadiyaha, iwm. – ilaha leh kormeer tifaftir iyo sumcad xaqiiqo-hubin iyo saxnaan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay guud ahaan ''inaysan ahayn'' mareegaha shakhsiga ah ee random-ka ah, baloogyada, qoraallada madasha, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, [[WP:SPS|ilaha iyagu is-daabacay]] sida wiki-yada furan (oo ay ku jiraan [[WP:CIRCULAR|maqaallada kale ee Wikipedia]]), iwm. Marka la koobo, akhri oo fahm [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources]]. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha ku xiran (aan madax-bannaanayn)''': In kasta oo [[WP:PRIMARY|ilaha asaasiga ah]] ay waxtar u yeelan karaan in la xaqiijiyo xaqiiqooyin qaar, waa in si taxaddar leh loo isticmaalo mana qabtaan wax ay ku dhisaan muhiimadda. Marka la koobo, waxaan raadineynaa [[WP:SECONDARY|ilaha labaad]] ay qoreen [[Wikipedia:Secondary does not mean independent|dad saddexaad]] oo ka mid ah mawduuca. * '''Ku-darista tixraacyada ilaha kaliya xusaya mawduuca''': Waxaad xigan kartaa tiro badan oo ilo labaad, oo madax-bannaan, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo mana caawin doonto in la dhiso muhiimadda haddii aysan uga hadlayn mawduuca si faahfaahsan – ka fikir guud ahaan laba faqradood oo qoraal ah oo diiradda saaraya mawduuca khuseeya. Xusuusnow: waxaa aad u wanaagsan in la xigto laba ilo oo wanaagsan oo si faahfaahsan uga hadlaya mawduuca, halkii laga xigan lahaa labaatan ilo oo kaliya ku xusaya si dusha ka ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|kordhinta xad-dhaafka ah ee tixraacyada]] ee ilaha ka kooban xusidda dusha ka ah ee mawduuca waa calaamad muujineysa mawduuc aan muhiim ahayn, haddii ilo wanaagsan ay ka dhex jiraan isku-darka, waa la qarin doonaa kuwa kale inta u dhaxaysa kuwa raadinaya inay qiimeeyaan muujinta muhiimadda mawduuca. Haddii aysan jirin ilo labaad oo madax-bannaan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku filan oo uga hadlaya mawduuca si faahfaahsan, markaas Wikipedia aysan ku lahayn maqaal ku saabsan mawduuca. Xusuusnow in [[Wikipedia:No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability|aanay jirin wax beddelid ah oo ka adkaan kara la'aanta muhiimadda]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Advert}}}} {{tl|Advert}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Advert|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{Advertisement}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Advertising}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Ad}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Puff}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Advert|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal u akhrinaya sida [[Advertising|xayeysiis]]. Tusaale ahaan, maqaallada caynkaas ah waxay u sheegi karaan isticmaaleyaasha inay iibsadaan badeecadda shirkadda, bixiyaan liisaska qiimaha, bixiyaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda iibiyeyaasha internetka, adeegsadaan [[buzzword|erayo buuqa leh]] oo aan ahayn encyclopedia ama aan macno lahayn, waxay ka buuxaan [[WP:PEACOCK|luqad faan ah]] waxayna u akhrinayaan sida mareegaha mawduuca maqaalka ama war-saxaafadeed faafinaya wanaaggiisa, halkii ay ka ahaan lahaayeen maqaal [[WP:NPOV|dhex-dhexaad ah]] oo la qoray oo ku saabsan mawduuca. Xayeysiisyadu haba yaraatee kuma xirna mawduucyada ganacsiga oo xaqiiqiyan waxaa inta badan lagu arkaa dhammaan noocyada kale, sida "[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not here to tell the world about your noble cause|sababaha sharafta leh]]", hoggaamiyeyaasha diinta/ruuxiga ah, kooxaha ciyaaraha, qabiilooyinka ciyaarta iyo wixii la mid ah. Haddii dhibaatada ugu weyn ee maqaalku aysan ahayn xayeysiis ''per se'', markaas waxaad beddeli kartaa sumadda oo aad ka dhigi kartaa mid ku habboon, sida {{tl|COI}} ama {{tl|Peacock}} ama {{tl|POV check}}. Bogagga ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''si gaar ah'' xayeysiis]] oo u baahan doona in si [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|''aasaasi ah'']] dib loogu qoro si ay u noqdaan encyclopedia waxaa lagu calaamadin karaa tirtir degdeg ah oo hoos yimaada [[WP:CSD#G11|qaybta G11 ee shuruudaha]] iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|db-g11}} ama {{tl|db-spam}}. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, dib u qor maqaalka adigoo ka eegaya [[WP:NPOV|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]]{{snd}}taas oo aan ku saabsanayn oo keliya erayada iyo codka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa maqaalku daboolayo iyo waxa uusan [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|daboolayn]]. Maqaallada Wikipedia waa inay matalaan si caddaalad ah, si dhimman, iyo, intii suurtagal ah, iyada oo aan la lahayn eex tifaftir, dhammaan aragtiyaha muhiimka ah ee lagu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|daabacay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ee ku saabsan mawduuca. Ka saarista dhammaan luqadda xayeysiinta waa bilow wanaagsan, laakiin iyadoo ku xiran waxa haray, waxay noqon kartaa daaweyn dusha sare ah keliya. Eeg waxa aad soo badbaadin kart séptimo, laakiin inta badan tifaftirayaashu waxay ka saaraan dhammaan waxa ka reeban nuxurka ugu aasaasiga ah, iyagoo ku reebaya xaalad [[WP:STUB|guban]] (stub). Haddii aad rabto inaad dhisato maqaal adag, baar jiritaanka ilo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay mawduuca, oo ka dhis dhulka kor u kac. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|POV}}}} {{tl|POV}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{POV|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{NPOV}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{POV dispute}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutrality}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Neutral}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Not neutral}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{POV|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal loo aqoonsaday inuu leeyahay dhibaatada culus ee dheelitir la'aanta, la'aanta [[WP:Neutral point of view|aragti dhex-dhexaad ah]], iyo in sumad-saaruhu uu rabo inuu soo jiito tifaftirayaasha leh aragtiyo kala duwan maqaalka. Maqaal aan dheeli tirnayn ama aan dhex-dhexaad ahayn si caddaalad ah uma matalo dheelitirka aragtiyaha [[secondary sources|ilaha labaad]] ee tayada sarreysa, ee lagu kalsoonaan karo. Sumaddani waxaa loogu talagalay inay la socoto sharaxaad ku saabsan bogga wadahadalka maqaalka oo ku saabsan sababta loogu daray, iyadoo tilmaamaysa dhibaatooyin gaar ah oo la fulin karo oo ku dhex jira siyaasadaha nuxurka Wikipedia. Tusmadan looguma talagalin inuu noqoto deggan joogto ah maqaal kasta. Waxaad ka saari kartaa tusmadan goorta ay mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ay run tahay: # Waxaa jira isafgarad bogga wadahadalka ama [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard|Ogeysiiska NPOV]] in dhibaatada la xalliyay; # Ma cadda waxa ay tahay dhibaatada dhex-dhexaadnimada, mana jiro sharaxaad qanci karta oo la bixiyay; # Iyadoo aysan jirin dood, ama haddii dooddu ay noqotay mid hurudda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Lead missing}}}} {{tl|Lead missing}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Lead missing|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo leh [[Wikipedia:Redirect|dib-u-jiidasho]] sida <nowiki>{{No lead}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Nointro}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{No lead section}}</nowiki>, <nowiki>{{Lead absent}}</nowiki> iyo <nowiki>{{Intro needed}}</nowiki>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Lead missing|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu tilmaamayaa dhibaatada maqaal ku guuldarraysta inuu raaco [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout|hagaha habaynta maqaalka]] ee caadiga ah ee Wikipedia iyadoo akhristaha loogu soo bandhigayo mawduuca [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section|qaybta hordhaca ah]] oo ka kooban koobitaanka nuxurka maqaalka ee ugu muhiimsan. Hordhacu waa inuu u taagnaadaa keligiis sida dulmar kooban oo ku saabsan mawduuca maqaalka. Qayb hordhac ah oo wanaagsan waxay kor u qaaddaa xiisaha akhristaha ee akhrinta wax badan oo ka mid ah maqaalka, laakiin ma aha iyadoo soo jiidanaysa akhristaha ama tilmaamaysa nuxurka soo socda. Waa inaysan aqoonsan mawduuca, dejin macnaha guud, sharaxo sababta mawduucu u yahay [[WP:N|muhiim]], oo koobbo qodobada ugu muhiimsan, oo ay ku jiraan khilaafaad kasta oo caan ah. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatada, qor qayb hordhac ah. Baaxadda hordhaca ku habboon waxay ku xirnaan doontaa ballaca maqaalka laakiin waa inaysan ka badnaan afar faqradood oo si fiican loo sameeyay, mana aha inuu guud ahaan ka koobnaado nuxur aan horay uga jirin jirka maqaalka. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Current}}}} {{tl|Current}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Current|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Current|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} (ama nooc u gaar ah mawduuca oo ku taxan [[Wikipedia:Current event templates]]) wuxuu digayaa tifaftirayaasha iyo akhristayaasha ku saabsan maqaal ah mawduuca dhacdo taagan, sida [[WP:RSBREAKING|sheeko war jaban]], oo sidaas darteed la kulmaysa qulqul xoog leh oo beddelitaanno ah oo ku jirta xaalad si degdeg ah isu beddelaysa. Wikipedia waxay soo jiidataa tifaftirayaal badan oo doonaya inay cusboonaysiiyaan maqaallada waqtiga dhabta ah isla markiiba ka dib marka dhacdooyinkaas taagan la daabaco. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ilaha warbixinnada warka jabsan inta badan waxay ka kooban yihiin khaladaad halis ah, markaa tusmooyinkani waxay sidoo kale soo jiidan karaan fiiro gaar ah baahida loo qabo in lagu daro ilo la hagaajiyay sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee ay diyaar u noqdaan. Tusmada waa in guud ahaan la saaraa marka dhacdada la sharaxay aysan helayn mar dambe fiiro gaar ah oo beddelitaan ah. Looguma talagalin inuu noqoto [[Wikipedia:No disclaimers in articles|diiwaan guud]] oo tilmaamaya in nuxurka maqaalku uusan noqon karin mid sax ah, ama in lagu calaamadiyo maqaal kaliya leh wargeysyo dhowaan ku saabsan mawduuca (haddii ay ahaan lahayd, boqolaal kun oo maqaallo ah ayaa yeelan lahaa tusmada <nowiki>{{Current}}</nowiki>, iyada oo aan lahayn cawaaqib macluumaad). Haddii maqaalku uu sii wado inuu yeesho ilo ama dhibaatooyin nadiifinta, tusmo dayactir oo ku habboon ayaa la isticmaali karaa beddelkeeda. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|Linkrot}}}} {{tl|Linkrot}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{Linkrot|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{Linkrot|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu leeyahay URL-yo cayriin (bare URLs), URL-yo loo isticmaalo tixraac ama xiriiriyeyaal dibadda ah oo aan lahayn macluumaad macne guud ah. URL-yadan cayriin waxay si gaar ah ugu nugul yihiin qudhunka xiriiriyaha (link rot), maadaama diiwaanka tixraacu uu ku xiran yahay mareegaha martigelinaya ee ilaalinaya qaab-dhismeedka mareegaha ee hadda, kaas oo aan la damaanad qaadin. Isbeddel ku yimaada URL-ka hoose ayaa ka dhigi kara tixraaca mid aan la isticmaali karin. Qaabka tixraaca buuxda, dhanka kale, wuxuu ilaaliyaa macluumaadka (sida cinwaanka iyo qoraaga) ee loo isticmaali karo in lagu soo celiyo nuqul ka mid ah tixraaca oo weli la heli karo. Intaa waxaa dheer, URL-yada cayriin waxay noqon karaan kuwo muuqaal ahaan aan qurux badnayn haddii URL-ka hoose uu dheer yahay. Si wax looga qabto dhibaatadan, u beddel dhammaan URL-yada cayriin ee loo isticmaalo tixraac ahaan [[Wikipedia:Inline citations|qaabka tusmada tixraaca]] ku habboon. URL-yada cayriin ee aan loo isticmaalin tixraac ahaan, isticmaal qaabka soo socda: [bare_URL Qoraalka sharaxaadda leh]. Iyadoo ku xiran URL-ka gaarka ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inay lagama maarmaan noqoto in la isticmaalo adeeg kaydinta si loo soo celiyo URL. Macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa [[WP:DEADLINK|Dayactirka xiriiriyaha dhintay]]. {{Hidden end}} {{Hidden begin|titlestyle = background-color: #eaecf0;|title={{tl|LLM}}}} {{tl|LLM}}, oo inta badan la saaro koodka <code><nowiki>{{LLM|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, iyo marka la akhrinayo muujinaya sida: {{LLM|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} wuxuu calaamadiyaa maqaal inuu u baahan yahay baaritaan ballaaran sababtoo ah qayb ka mid ah ama dhammaantiis waxay u muuqataa in lagu abuuray la adeegsanayo [[large language model|moodel luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo [[WP:NOLLM|looga mamnuucay]] English Wikipedia. Tallaabada ugu horreysa marka wax laga qabanayo sumaddan waa in la hubiyo halbeegga <code>reason=</code> ama bogga wadahadalka si loo helo sharaxaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha maqaalka ee ah qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay. Xaalado badan halbeegga sababta wuxuu ka koobnaan doonaa xiriiriye ku socda qayb ka mid ah [[WP:AIN|Ogeysiiska AI]] ama kaydkiisa, xaaladdaas faahfaahin dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan sababta sumadda ayaa laga heli karaa halkaas. Badanaa isticmaalaha lagu tuhunsan yahay inuu ku daray qoraalka LLM waxaa lagu magacaabi doonaa warbixinta Ogeysiiska AI, markaa dib-u-eegista taariikhda maqaalka iyo aragtida kala-duwanaanshaha (diff) ee tabarucaadka isticmaalahaas waxay ka caawin kartaa in la aqoonsado qoraalka u baahan in dib-u-eegis lagu sameeyo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa [[Wikipedia:Who Wrote That?]] si aad u iftiimiso nuxurka uu qoray isticmaalaha ee weli ku jira maqaalka. Haddii beddelitaannada LLM ay yihiin kuwo cusub, sumaddan waxaa inta badan lagu xallin karaa si fudud adigoo dib ugu noqda nooca ugu dambeeya ee aan ahayn LLM. Haddii beddelitaanno dhisсеeya la sameeyay tan iyo markii la geliyay qoraalka LLM, daryeel dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan karaa si loo saaro qoraalka LLM iyada oo aan la lumin beddelitaannadaas. Haddii uusan jirin nooc aan ahayn LLM ee maqaalka oo dib loogu noqdo, u tixgeli sumaddan takhasus ka mid ah [[Template:Cleanup rewrite]]. Bogagga ka maqan kasta oo suurtagal ah ee bini'aadamka ah waxay la kulmi karaan shuruudaha tirtirka degdegga ah [[Wikipedia:G15]] waxaana loo soo jeedin karaa tirtirid iyadoo la adeegsanayo {{tl|Db-llm}}. Marka dib-u-eegista lagu samaynayo qoraalka LLM ee la tuhunsan yahay, hubi noocyada dhibaatooyinka ay beddelitaannada LLM ay inta badan ka kooban yihiin, oo ay ku jiraan: * [[WP:COPYVIO|xadgudubyada xuquuqda daabacaadda]] ama [[WP:PARAPHRASE|turjumaadaha dhow]] ee ilaha xuquuqda daabacaaddu leedahay (ama [[WP:CIRCULAR|Wikipedia lafteeda]]), * ilaha aan [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijineyn]] qoraalka ay ku xiran yihiin ama ah kuwo gebi ahaanba been abuur ah, * [[WP:AISIGNS|habaynta aan caadiga ahayn]], iyo * qoraal ah [[Wikipedia:Identifying blatant advertising|xayeysiis]] ama eex leh, ama sameeya sheegashooyin ah [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|kuwo aan caqli-gal ahayn]]. Tusmadan waa laga saari karaa marka dhammaan walxaha ay saameeyaan ee ku jira maqaalka (qoraalka, madaxyada, hordhaca, sanduuqyada macluumaadka, miisaska, qaybaha, tixraacyada, iwm.) la eego oo wixii qoraal LLM ah ee la aqoonsaday la saaro ama gebi ahaanba gacanta lagu dib-u-qoro. {{Hidden end}} ===Baaritaanka dhibaatada la calaamadiyay=== Sida horay loogu xusay, tusmooyinka badankood waxay wadaan xiriiriyeyaal u socda bogagga hagitaanka. Intaa waxaa dheer, tusmooyin badan waxay leeyihiin dokumentiyo bixiya macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatada ay tusmadu tilmaamayso, taas oo la soo bandhigo marka aad booqato ''bogga tusmada laftiisa''. Si aad u gasho tusmada oo sidaas darteed aad u aragto dokumentiyadeeda, ku qor garoonka raadinta <kbd>Template:</kbd>, oo ay ku xigto ''magaca tusmada'', oo la arko marka aad aragto meelaynta ay ku leedahay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka (oo inta badan laga helo safafka ugu horreeya ee maqaalka). "Halbeegga" ugu horreeya waa magaca tusmada. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad tan ka heshay is dhexgalka Tifaftirka, <code><nowiki>{{Unreferenced|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>, markaas waxaad booqan lahayd tusmada lafteeda adigoo raadinaya <kbd>Template:Unreferenced</kbd>. Dukumentiyada la socda ee dhammaan tusmooyinka dayactirka, haddii ay jiraan, waxaa lagu heli karaa habkan. == Wali ma u baahan tahay caawimaad? == Haddii aad akhriday boggan oo aad weli ku jahwareersan tahay waxa la gudboon in la qabto si loo xalliyo dhibaatada bogga oo loo saaro tusmada dayactirka, isku day inaad wax ka weydiiso [[WP:Teahouse|Teahouse]], oo ah bog loogu talagalay isticmaaleyaasha cusub inay weydiiyaan su'aalo. Beddel ahaan, waxaad isku dayi kartaa [[WP:Caawin|miiska caawimaadda]] guud, ama raadi caawimaad toos ah kanaalka IRC: qzsx2g94kh27a7zjompjn8qgf7yewh8 10 52832 308938 2026-09-22T14:12:00Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mbox | name = Caution | demospace = {{{demospace|}}} | style = {{{style|}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | image = {{#if:{{{image|}}} |[[File:{{{image}}}|{{{imagesize|40px}}}|Caution|link={{{imagelink|}}}]] |[[File:Ambox warning yellow.svg|{{{imagesize|40px}}}|Caution|link={{{imagelink|}}}]]}} | small = {{{small|}}} | smallimage = {{#if:{{{image|}}} |[[File:{{{image}}}|{{{imagesize|40px}}}|Caution|link={{{imagelink|}}}]] |[[File:Ambox warning yellow.svg|30px|Caution|link={{{imagelink|}}}]]}} | imageright = {{#if:{{{imageright|}}} |{{{imageright}}} |{{#if:{{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}} |{{Ombox/shortcut|{{{shortcut|{{{shortcut1|}}}}}}|{{{shortcut2|}}}|{{{shortcut3|}}}|{{{shortcut4|}}}|{{{shortcut5|}}}}}}} }} | 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{{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{BLP|{{{blp|}}}}}}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}} [[Wikipedia:Taariikh nololeedka dadka nool|ku saabsan qof nool]]|[[Wikipedia:Taariikh nololeedka dadka nool|taariikh nololeedka qof nool]]}}|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}}}} waxa uu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|liiska tixraacyada]], [[Wikipedia:Further reading|akhris la xiriira]], ama [[Wikipedia:Xiriiriyeyaasha dibadda|xiriiriyeyaasha dibadda]], '''laakiin ilihiisu weli ma cadda sababtoo ah waxa ka maqan [[Wikipedia:Soo bandhigida xogta|xigashooyin gudaha qoraalka]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaajinta] {{{1|maqaalkan}}} adigoo [[Wikipedia:When to cite|ku daraya]] xigashooyin aad u sax ah. {{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{BLP|{{{blp|}}}}}}}}|yes|Waxyaabaha muranka dhalin kara ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan lahayn ilo ama leh ilo daciif ah '''waa in si degdeg ah loo saaraa''', gaar ahaan haddii ay noqon karaan [[Wikipedia:Sumcad dilid|sumcad-dil]] ama waxyeello leh.}} | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada aan lahayn xigashooyin gudaha qoraalka | all = Dhammaan maqaallada aan lahayn xigashooyin gudaha qoraalka }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Bogagga isticmaalaya no footnotes oo leh xuduudo aan la aqoon|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Bog isticmaalaya [[Template:No footnotes]] oo leh xuduud aan la aqoon "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| | 1 | blp | BLP | date | style}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha bogga hoose ee /doc; interwiki-yadu waxay tagaan Wikidata, mahadsanid! --> </noinclude> 1ys6m504r6dksbfmn9k8dt0v7nsp87w 10 52835 308943 2026-09-22T14:18:44Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308943 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Shortcut]] pul8ew4dlsui3eusj3pxwhvfdlo4dj9 10 52836 308944 2026-09-22T14:22:03Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Ilaha aasaasiga ah}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | image = [[file:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}} ee maqaal nololeed{{sp}}|}}|{{{1|}}}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | issue = '''waxay si xad dhaaf ah ugu tiirsan tahay [[Wikipedia:Xaqiijin|tixraacyo]] ka yimid {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes |[[Wikipedia:Taariikh nololeedka dadka nool|ilaha aasaasiga ah]] |[[Wikipedia:Ma jiro cilmi-baaris asal ah|ilaha aasaasiga ah]] }}'''. | fix = Fadlan hagaaji {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}} ee maqaal nololeed{{sp}}|}}|{{{1|maqaalkan}}}}} adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:Ma jiro cilmi-baaris asal ah|ilo labaad ama ilo saddexaad]]. {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes |Waxyaabaha muranka dhalin kara ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan lahayn ilo ama leh ilo daciif ah '''waa in isla markiiba la saaraa''', gaar ahaan haddii ay noqon karaan [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil]] ama waxyeello leh. }}{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada aan lahayn tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | cat2 = {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes|Maqaallada BLP ee aan lahayn ilo}} }} }} <noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> c337pexx2o8h26mbrqhqbpsewq7w6nw 10 52837 308945 2026-09-22T14:29:34Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Notability}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Notability | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Notability | removalnotice = yes | issue = Mawduuca {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Draft|qoraalkan qabyada ah|maqaalka}} {{strong|waxa laga yaabaa inuusan buuxin {{#switch: {{lc:{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{1}}}|s$|||false}}}}<!--strip trailing "s"--> | astro | astronomical object = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta walxaha xiddigiska | Caannimada (dadka) | bio | biography | biographie<noinclude><!--trailing "s" on input is stripped, this line matches "biographies"--></noinclude> = [[Wikipedia:Caannimada (dadka)|tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta taariikh-nololeedyada]] | prof | professor | notability (academics) | academic = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta aqoonyahannada | notability (books) | book =tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta buugaagta | notability (events) | event = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta dhacdooyinka | notability (films) | movie | film = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta filimada | notability (television) | television | tv = [[Wikipedia:Caannimada|tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta barnaamijyada telefishanka]] | notability (companies and corporations) | corp | companie<noinclude><!--trailing "s" on input is stripped, this line matches "companies"--></noinclude> | company = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta shirkadaha iyo ururrada | institution | org | organisation | organization = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta ururrada iyo shirkadaha | product = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta badeecooyinka iyo adeegyada | notability (fiction) | fict | fiction = [[Wikipedia:Caannimada|tilmaamaha guud ee xusid mudnaanta]] | list = [[Wikipedia:Caannimada|tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta liisaska madax bannaan]] | geo | geographic | geography = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta astaamaha juqraafiyeed | building = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta dhismayaasha | geoland | place = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta degsiimooyinka iyo gobollada maamul | geonatural = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta astaamaha juqraafiyeed ee dabiiciga ah | geofeat = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta astaamaha juqraafiyeed ee macmalka ah | notability (music) | music = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta muusigga | neo | avoid neologism | neologism = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta erayada cusub | sport = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta ciyaaraha iyo ciyaartooyda | notability (numbers) | number = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta tirooyinka | notability (web) | web = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta nuxurka webka | specie<noinclude><!--trailing "s" on input is stripped, this line matches "species"--></noinclude> = tilmaamaha xusid mudnaanta noocyada | notability | #default = [[Wikipedia:Caannimada|tilmaamaha guud ee xusid mudnaanta]] }}}}. | fix = {{#switch: {{lc:{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{1}}}|s$|||false}}}} | prof | professor | notability (academics) | academic = Fadlan ka caawi muujinta in qofkani buuxinayo mid ama ka badan oo ka mid ah shuruudaha xusid mudnaanta aqoonyahannada adigoo tixraacaya [[Wikipedia:Ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Abaalmarinnada waaweyn waa in la xaqiijiyaa, sheegashooyinka saamayntana waa in lagu caddeeyaa ilo madax-bannaan, bayaanno, dib-u-eegisyo, cabbirrada xigashooyinka, ama kaydka maktabadaha. | #default = Fadlan ka caawi muujinta xusid mudnaanta mawduuca adigoo tixraacaya [[Wikipedia:Ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo|ilo sare oo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] oo madax-bannaan ka ah mawduuca, isla markaana si weyn uga hadlaya, kana baxsan xus kooban oo keliya.}} {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|Draft|Xusid mudnaanta waa in la caddeeyaa ''ka hor'' inta aan la daabicin qoraalkan qabyada ah ama aan lagu gudbin habka maqaalada la abuurayo.|Haddii xusid mudnaanta aan la muujin karin, maqaalka waxay u badan tahay in la isku daro, dib loo sii toosiyo, ama [[Wikipedia:Xeerka Tirtirka|la tirtiro]].}}{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}| <br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted}}}}}}}}</small> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}} }} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallo leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | all = Dhammaan maqaallada leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | all2 = {{#switch: {{lc:{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{1}}}|s$|||false}}}}<!--strip trailing "s"--> | astro | astronomical object = Maqaallada walxaha xiddigiska ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (people) | bio | biography | biographie<noinclude><!--trailing "s" on input is stripped, this line matches "biographies"--></noinclude> = Maqaallada taariikh-nololeedyada ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | prof | professor | notability (academics) | academic = Maqaallada aqoonyahannada ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (books) | book = Maqaallada buugaagta ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (events) | event = Maqaallada dhacdooyinka ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (films) | movie | film = Maqaallada filimada ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (television) | television | tv = Maqaallada barnaamijyada telefishanka ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (companies and corporations) | corp | companie<noinclude><!--trailing "s" on input is stripped, this line matches "companies"--></noinclude> | company = Maqaallada shirkadaha ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | institution | org | organisation | organization = Maqaallada ururrada ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | product = Maqaallada badeecooyinka ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (fiction) | fict | fiction = Maqaallada sheekooyinka mala-awaalka ah ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | list = Liisaska leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | geo | geographic | geography | building | geoland | geonatural | geofeat | place = Maqaallada juqraafiyadda ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (music) | music = Maqaallada muusigga ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | neo | avoid neologism | neologism = Maqaallada erayada cusub ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | sport = Maqaallada ciyaaraha ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (numbers) | number = Maqaallada tirooyinka ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | notability (web) | web = Maqaallada nuxurka webka ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn | specie<noinclude><!--trailing "s" on input is stripped, this line matches "species"--></noinclude> = Maqaallada noocyada ee leh mawduucyo aan xusid mudnaantooda caddayn }} }}<!--{{Notability}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 7up6t9n4cu5er8ogz71g0o3hu92yg9r 10 52838 308946 2026-09-22T14:32:06Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Promotional | type = content | class= ambox-Advert | issue= {{{1|maqaalka}}} '''[[Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not#Wikipedia is not a soapbox or means of promotion|{{#if:{{{2|{{{type|}}}}}}|{{{2|{{{type|}}}}}}|nuxur xayaysiis ah}}]]''' ayuu ka kooban yahay. | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaaji] adigoo ka saaraya luqadda xayaysiiska iyo [[Wikipedia:Xiriiriyeyaasha dibadda|xiriiriyeyaasha dibadda]] ee aan habboonayn, kuna daraya qoraal encyclopedic ah oo laga qoray [[Wikipedia:Aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah|aragti dhexdhexaad ah]].{{pb}}Eeg talooyinkayaga haddii maqaalku adiga kaa hadlayo oo akhri digniintayada khiyaanada haddii qof lacag kaa codsado si uu maqaalkan u tafatiro. | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallo leh qaab xayaysiis ah | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada leh qaab xayaysiis ah }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 57lbvl439c3p7vl4t7t3xt3pp7lb5jg 10 52839 308947 2026-09-22T14:32:51Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308947 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Promotional]] 60gc59ti0cd3v942uuo5e210xi73br3 10 52840 308948 2026-09-22T14:35:03Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{POV}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = POV | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = content | class = ambox-POV | style = {{{style|}}} | image = [[File:Unbalanced scales.svg|50x40px|class=skin-invert|link=|alt=]] | issue = '''[[Wikipedia:Aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah|Dhex-dhexaadnimada]] ee {{#if: {{{lead|}}} | hordhaca maqaalka | {{{what|maqaalka}} }} waa la isku hayaa'''. | talk = {{{talk|#}}} | fix = Fadlan ha ka saarin farriintan ilaa [[Template:POV|shuruudaha looga saarayo]] la buuxiyo. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Wikipedia Aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah | all = Dhammaan murannada Wikipedia ee aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah }}<!--{{POV}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> lm9splggjahs03q2garmt619jxgr7i6 308949 308948 2026-09-22T14:39:00Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{POV}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = POV | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = content | class = ambox-POV | style = {{{style|}}} | image = [[File:Unbalanced scales.svg|50x40px|class=skin-invert|link=|alt=]] | issue = '''[[Wikipedia:Aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah|Dhex dhexaadnimada]] ee {{#if: {{{lead|}}} hordhaca maqaalka {{{what|maqaalka}} }} waa la isku hayaa'''. | talk = {{{talk|#}}} | fix = Fadlan ha ka saarin farriintan ilaa [[Template:POV|shuruudaha looga saarayo]] la buuxiyo. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Wikipedia Aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah | all = Dhammaan murannada Wikipedia ee aragtida dhexdhexaadka ah }}<!--{{POV}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> tm9kft4fr22a8qedzronq5v3abt9e21 10 52841 308950 2026-09-22T14:41:03Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Lead missing}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Lead missing | type = content | image = [[File:Wiki letter w.svg|40px|alt=icon]] | class = ambox-lead_missing | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | issue = Maqaalkan '''ma laha qaybta hordhaca'''. | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} ku dar mid] adigoo adeegsanaya erayadaada. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Wikipedia Hordhaca nadiifin | all = Dhammaan bogagga u baahan nadiifin | all2 = Bogagga aan lahayn qaybta hordhaca | cat3 = Maqaallada uu daboolayo WikiProject Wikify | all3 = Dhammaan maqaallada uu daboolayo WikiProject Wikify }}<!--{{Lead missing}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> t4i4exw8q6ha4auubj2izrhos4soqkb 10 52842 308951 2026-09-22T14:42:45Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Cleanup bare URLs}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Cleanup bare URLs | type = style | class = ambox-cleanup-link_rot | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{ 1|maqaalka}}} '''wuxuu isticmaalaa [[Wikipedia:Bare URLs|URL-yo qaawan]], kuwaas oo aan bixin macluumaad ku filan isla markaana u nugul xiriiriyeyaasha jaban.''' | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} inaad u beddesho] [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Citation styles|xigashooyin dhammaystiran]]. [[Wikipedia:Template index/Sources of articles#Examples|Tusaalooyin dhowr ah]] iyo qalab ayaa diyaar u ah caawinta habaynta, sida {{nowrap|1=[https://refill.toolforge.org/ng/result.php?page={{FULLPAGENAMEE}}&defaults=y reFill] ([[Wikipedia:ReFill|dukumentiga]])}} iyo {{nowrap|1=[https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page={{FULLPAGENAMEE}} Citation bot] ([[User:Citation bot|dukumentiga]])}}. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles needing cleanup | cat2 = Articles with bare URLs for citations | all2 = All articles with bare URLs for citations | cat3 = Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify | all3 = All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Cleanup bare URLs}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 44yqrbpzq5c6v5qc9p6ncpixt2pyohz 10 52843 308952 2026-09-22T14:43:28Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308952 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:Cleanup bare URLs]] 8mpmpid5sjtcafvgpp1usiqhkzsvkza 10 52844 308953 2026-09-22T14:45:27Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308953 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{AI-generated}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = AI-generated | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = content | image = [[File:OOjs UI icon robot.svg|40px|class=skin-invert|alt=astaanta]] | class = ambox-ai-generated | issue = {{#if:{{{partial|}}}|Qaybo ka mid ah|Tani}} {{#if:{{{section|}}}|qaybtan|{{{1|maqaalka}}}}} '''{{yesno|{{{certain|}}}|no=waxay ku jiri kartaa|yes=waxay ka kooban tahay}} qoraal ka yimid [[WP:Large language models|qaab luqadeed weyn]], kaas oo ah [[WP:LLM|mid ka mamnuuc ah maqaallada Wikipedia]]'''. | fix = {{#if:{{{plural|}}}|Waxay|Waxay}} ku jiri karaan macluumaad [[Hallucination (artificial intelligence)|la male-awaalay]], xadgudubyo xuquuqda daabacaadda, sheegashooyin aan [[WP:V|lagu xaqiijin]] ilaha la tixraacay, [[Wikipedia:OR|cilmi-baaris asal ah]], ama tixraacyo been-abuur ah. Wax kasta oo noocaas ah waa in [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} laga saaraa]. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Sababta la bixiyay waa: '''{{{reason}}}'''}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallo ay ku jiraan qoraallo laga shakisan yahay inay AI soo saartay | date = {{{date|}}} | all = }}<!--{{AI-generated}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha hoose ee /doc; interwikis-ka ku dar Wikidata, mahadsanid! --> </noinclude> crrxuc00xhdkcecsh8uhg7v0f3s7zdo 10 52845 308954 2026-09-22T14:45:53Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 308954 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:AI-generated]] i1q1x62hxzec01btb50qihiygmiogmp 4 52846 308957 2026-09-22T14:47:59Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 308957 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 8c4jkr2e0uv8lafn1hpana4vkh2ojur 0 52847 308958 2026-09-22T14:48:10Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 308958 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 8c4jkr2e0uv8lafn1hpana4vkh2ojur 4 52848 308959 2026-09-22T14:48:26Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 308959 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 8c4jkr2e0uv8lafn1hpana4vkh2ojur 0 52849 308960 2026-09-22T14:48:35Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 308960 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 8c4jkr2e0uv8lafn1hpana4vkh2ojur 4 52850 308965 2026-09-22T14:54:09Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 308965 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 8c4jkr2e0uv8lafn1hpana4vkh2ojur 4 52851 308966 2026-09-22T14:54:25Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 308966 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 8c4jkr2e0uv8lafn1hpana4vkh2ojur 4 52852 308967 2026-09-22T14:54:35Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 308967 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[help:Ka saarista tusmada dayactirka]] 8c4jkr2e0uv8lafn1hpana4vkh2ojur 10 52853 308974 2026-09-22T15:59:20Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#invoke:Page|prefixedText|id={{{1}}}}}<noinclude> {{doc}} </noinclude> 308974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Page|prefixedText|id={{{1}}}}}<noinclude> {{doc}} </noinclude> pz9kflby0voqcbfec58f888foe5mwa9 10 52854 308975 2026-09-22T16:01:17Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#invoke:LCCN|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 308975 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:LCCN|main}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> ac405ozjihdbfge66udsbswy4aqpnbm 10 52855 308976 2026-09-22T16:01:44Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: [[LCC (identifier)|LCC]]&nbsp;<!-- -->{{#if:{{{2|}}} |{{#if:{{{3|}}} |[https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=CALL%2B&searchArg={{{1}}}+{{{2}}}+{{{3}}}&searchType=1&recCount=25 {{{1}}}&nbsp;{{{2}}}&nbsp;{{{3}}}] |[https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=CALL%2B&searchArg={{{1}}}+{{{2}}}&searchType=1&recCount=25 {{{1}}}&nbsp;{{{2}}}] }} |[https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=CALL%2B&searchArg=... 308976 wikitext text/x-wiki [[LCC (identifier)|LCC]]&nbsp;<!-- -->{{#if:{{{2|}}} |{{#if:{{{3|}}} |[https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=CALL%2B&searchArg={{{1}}}+{{{2}}}+{{{3}}}&searchType=1&recCount=25 {{{1}}}&nbsp;{{{2}}}&nbsp;{{{3}}}] |[https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=CALL%2B&searchArg={{{1}}}+{{{2}}}&searchType=1&recCount=25 {{{1}}}&nbsp;{{{2}}}] }} |[https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchCode=CALL%2B&searchArg={{urlencode:{{{1}}}}}&searchType=1&recCount=25 {{{1}}}] }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 3u3ba3cvku50wft8fpxnc3nfierjjf6 10 52856 308977 2026-09-22T16:02:18Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{Catalog lookup link|{{{lccn|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|article-link=LCCN (identifier)|article-name=LCCN|link-prefix={{#ifeq:{{{chronicling}}}|yes|//chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/|//lccn.loc.gov/}}|list-leadout={{{leadout|}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 308977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catalog lookup link|{{{lccn|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|article-link=LCCN (identifier)|article-name=LCCN|link-prefix={{#ifeq:{{{chronicling}}}|yes|//chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/|//lccn.loc.gov/}}|list-leadout={{{leadout|}}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 9y99zutf5y2or0ltors3bt3fzq0kq37 10 52857 308978 2026-09-22T16:03:24Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <nowiki>=</nowiki><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 308978 wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>=</nowiki><noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> f1t552uce9qferl0plij0nmwt4ar1b4 10 52858 308979 2026-09-22T16:04:57Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{Catalog lookup link|{{{upc|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|list-leadout={{{leadout|}}}|link-prefix=https://eandata.com/lookup/|article-link={{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{plainlink|}}}}}|yes||UPC (identifier)}}|article-name={{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{plainlink|}}}}}|yes||UPC}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 308979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catalog lookup link|{{{upc|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|list-leadout={{{leadout|}}}|link-prefix=https://eandata.com/lookup/|article-link={{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{plainlink|}}}}}|yes||UPC (identifier)}}|article-name={{#ifeq:{{yesno-no|{{{plainlink|}}}}}|yes||UPC}}}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gyk2ltmx6t2nqw4f544t52drd7y97hk 10 52859 308980 2026-09-22T16:05:21Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{Catalog lookup link|{{{coden|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|article-link=CODEN (identifier)|article-name=CODEN|list-leadout={{{leadout|}}}|link-prefix=https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 308980 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catalog lookup link|{{{coden|{{{1|}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|article-link=CODEN (identifier)|article-name=CODEN|list-leadout={{{leadout|}}}|link-prefix=https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=codens&exactMatch=y&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> eltr1iugip46engtgxz2es0dl4j7wrc 10 52860 308981 2026-09-22T16:05:49Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{Catalog lookup link|{{{zdb|{{{zdb-id|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|article-link=ZDB-ID (identifier)|article-name=ZDB-ID|link-prefix=http://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE --> </noinclude> 308981 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Catalog lookup link|{{{zdb|{{{zdb-id|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}}|{{{4|}}}|{{{5|}}}|{{{6|}}}|{{{7|}}}|{{{8|}}}|{{{9|}}}|article-link=ZDB-ID (identifier)|article-name=ZDB-ID|link-prefix=http://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE --> </noinclude> hr09h5uaqf3r607y53ylvgtw84z147n 10 52861 308982 2026-09-22T16:06:21Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#invoke:CS1 identifiers|main|_template=ismn}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 308982 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:CS1 identifiers|main|_template=ismn}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gbiktcyzn2gyzajbo9bouj4glow3dee 10 52862 308983 2026-09-22T16:07:27Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#invoke:RFC|IETF|1={{{1|<noinclude>0</noinclude>}}}}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}<!-- Add categories and interwiki lines to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> 308983 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:RFC|IETF|1={{{1|<noinclude>0</noinclude>}}}}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}<!-- Add categories and interwiki lines to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> 2b3rifri79mvmomwsctuhgoqr1y1h24 828 52863 308984 2026-09-22T16:07:53Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: -- Implements {{Sum RFC}}, {{Ref RFC}}, and {{IETF RFC}} require( 'strict' ) local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local err = require('Module:Error')._error local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local p = {} local sectionMatch = function (n, t) return '<section%s+begin=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>(.-)<section%s+end=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>' end local isblank = function (v) return (v or '') == '' end local function summary(args, dbContent, frame) --implements {{Ref R... 308984 Scribunto text/plain -- Implements {{Sum RFC}}, {{Ref RFC}}, and {{IETF RFC}} require( 'strict' ) local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local err = require('Module:Error')._error local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local p = {} local sectionMatch = function (n, t) return '<section%s+begin=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>(.-)<section%s+end=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>' end local isblank = function (v) return (v or '') == '' end local function summary(args, dbContent, frame) --implements {{Ref RFC/summary}}, which is only used by {{Sum RFC}} --args.ref(false): add a reference to the summary. --args.plain(false): do not prepend the RFC number with 'RFC'. --args.title(true): include the title of the RFC. --args.status(true): include the status of the RFC. --args.notes(false): include the notes of the RFC. --args.comment(''): add a {{Block indent}} with a comment. if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local refContent = "" local rfc = isblank(tonumber(args[1])) and 0 or tonumber(args[1]) if not dbContent then dbContent = mw.title.new('Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100)).content end if yesno(args.ref or false, false) then refContent = p._ref({[1] = rfc, notes = yesno(args.refnotes or true, true) and 'yes' or 'no'}, dbContent, frame) end if yesno(args.plain or false, false) then return p._IETF({[1] = rfc, plainlink = 'yes'}) .. refContent end local output = {} table.insert(output, p._IETF({[1] = rfc, link = 'no'})) if yesno(args.title or true, true) then local titleContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'title')) if rfc < 10000 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 1000 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 100 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 10 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end table.insert(output, string.format( '&ndash;&numsp;"%s"%s ', frame:extensionTag('cite', frame:preprocess(titleContent) .. ','), refContent )) if yesno(args.status or true, true) then local statusContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'status')) table.insert(output, "''" .. statusContent .. ".''") end table.insert(output, ' ') if yesno(args.notes or false, false) then local notesContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'notes')) table.insert(output, frame:preprocess(notesContent)) end elseif yesno(args.ref or false, false) then table.insert(output, refContent) end if (not isblank(args.comment)) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = "Block indent", args = {text = args.comment}}) end return table.concat(output) end local function secpage(section, page, pp) --implements {{Ref RFC/secpage}}, which is only used by {{Ref RFC/getref}} local output = {} if not isblank(section) then table.insert(output, 'sec. ' .. section) if not isblank(page) or not isblank(pp) then table.insert(output, ',&nbsp;') end end if not isblank(page) then table.insert(output, 'p. ' .. page) elseif not isblank(pp) then table.insert(output, 'pp. ' .. pp) end if not isblank(page) or not isblank(pp) or not isblank(section) then table.insert(output, '.') end return table.concat(output) end local function getref(rfc, section, page, pp, notes, quote, status, dbContent, frame) -- implements {{Ref RFC/getref}}, which is only used by {{REf RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local output = {} local refContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'ref')) table.insert(output, refContent .. ' ') if yesno(status or true, true) then local statusContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'status')) table.insert(output, "''" .. statusContent .. ".''") end table.insert(output, ' ' .. secpage(section, page, pp) .. ' ') if yesno(notes or true, true) then local notesContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'notes')) table.insert(output, notesContent) end table.insert(output, ' ') if not isblank(quote) then table.insert(output, frame:extensionTag('q', quote)) end return table.concat(output) end function p._IETF(args, frame) -- Implements {{IETF RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end if not isblank(args[1]) then local cll = require('Module:Catalog lookup link')._main local cllArgs = { ['link-prefix'] = 'https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc', ['list-leadout'] = args.leadout or '' } for i = 1, 9 do cllArgs[i] = tonumber(args[i]) end if yesno(args.plainlink or false, false) == false and yesno(args.link or true, true) == true then cllArgs['article-link'] = 'RFC (identifier)' end if yesno(args.plainlink or false, false) == false then cllArgs['article-name'] = 'RFC' end return cll(cllArgs, frame) else local errMsg = 'Parameter error in {{[[Template:IETF RFC|IETF RFC]]}}: Missing [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]].' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end end function p.IETF(frame) return p._IETF(getArgs(frame), frame) end function p._ref(args, dbContent, frame) --implements {{Ref RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local rfc = tonumber(args[1]) if rfc then local db = 'Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100) if (not dbContent) and rfc then dbContent = mw.title.new(db).content end if dbContent then local refContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'ref')) if refContent then local output = {} if yesno(args['repeat'] or false, false) then output[1] = frame:extensionTag('ref', '', {name='rfc' .. rfc}) else output[1] = getref(rfc, args.section, args.p, args.pp, args.notes, args.quote, args.status, dbContent, frame) if yesno(args.ref or true, true) then local refname = '' if isblank(args.p) and isblank(args.pp) and isblank(args.section) and isblank(args.quote) then refname = 'rfc' .. rfc end output[1] = frame:extensionTag('ref', output[1], {name = refname}) else output[1] = frame:preprocess(output[1]) end end if not isblank(args.rp) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {page = args.rp}}) end if not isblank(args.rpp) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {pages = args.rpp}}) end if not isblank(args.rsection) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {at = '§' ..args.rsection}}) end return table.concat(output) else local errMsg = 'REFERENCE FOR RFC' .. rfc .. ' IS NOT DEFINED YET.' return err({errMsg}) .. ' You are invited to add it [[' .. db .. '|here]].' end else local errMsg = 'REFERENCE FOR RFC' .. rfc .. ' IS NOT DEFINED YET.' return err({errMsg}) .. ' You are invited to add it [[Template:Ref RFC/db|here]].' end else local errMsg = 'Parameter error in {{[[Template:Ref RFC|Ref RFC]]}}: Missing [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]].' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end end function p.ref(frame) return p._ref(getArgs(frame), nil, frame) end function p._sum(args, frame) --implements {{Sum RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end if not isblank(args[1]) then local rfc = tonumber(args[1]) if rfc then local db = 'Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100) local dbContent = mw.title.new(db).content if dbContent then local titleContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'title')) if titleContent then return summary(args, dbContent, frame) else local errMsg = 'Reference for RFC' .. rfc .. ' is not defined yet.' return err({errMsg}) .. ' You are invited to add it [[' .. db .. '|here]].' end else local errMsg = 'Reference for RFC' .. rfc .. ' is not defined yet.' return err({errMsg}) .. ' You are invited to add it [[Template:Ref RFC/db|here]].' end else local errMsg = 'Parameter error in {{[[Template:Sum RFC|Sum RFC]]}}: "' .. args[1] .. '" is not a number.' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end else local errMsg = 'Parameter error in {{[[Template:Sum RFC|Sum RFC]]}}: Missing [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]].' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end end function p.sum(frame) return p._sum(getArgs(frame), frame) end return p m8ben2300zh7ow7q2kjjqrrh5oljdll 308988 308984 2026-09-22T16:12:04Z Isma4l 41797 308988 Scribunto text/plain -- Implements {{Sum RFC}}, {{Ref RFC}}, and {{IETF RFC}} require( 'strict' ) local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local Error = require('Module:Error') local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local p = {} local function err(args) return Error._error(args) end local sectionMatch = function (n, t) return '<section%s+begin=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>(.-)<section%s+end=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>' end local isblank = function (v) return (v or '') == '' end local function summary(args, dbContent, frame) --implements {{Ref RFC/summary}}, which is only used by {{Sum RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local refContent = "" local rfc = isblank(tonumber(args[1])) and 0 or tonumber(args[1]) if not dbContent then dbContent = mw.title.new('Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100)).content end if yesno(args.ref or false, false) then refContent = p._ref({[1] = rfc, notes = yesno(args.refnotes or true, true) and 'yes' or 'no'}, dbContent, frame) end if yesno(args.plain or false, false) then return p._IETF({[1] = rfc, plainlink = 'yes'}) .. refContent end local output = {} table.insert(output, p._IETF({[1] = rfc, link = 'no'})) if yesno(args.title or true, true) then local titleContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'title')) if rfc < 10000 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 1000 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 100 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 10 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end table.insert(output, string.format( '&ndash;&numsp;"%s"%s ', frame:extensionTag('cite', frame:preprocess(titleContent) .. ','), refContent )) if yesno(args.status or true, true) then local statusContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'status')) table.insert(output, "''" .. statusContent .. ".''") end table.insert(output, ' ') if yesno(args.notes or false, false) then local notesContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'notes')) table.insert(output, frame:preprocess(notesContent)) end elseif yesno(args.ref or false, false) then table.insert(output, refContent) end if (not isblank(args.comment)) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = "Block indent", args = {text = args.comment}}) end return table.concat(output) end local function secpage(section, page, pp) --implements {{Ref RFC/secpage}}, which is only used by {{Ref RFC/getref}} local output = {} if not isblank(section) then table.insert(output, 'qaybta ' .. section) if not isblank(page) or not isblank(pp) then table.insert(output, ',&nbsp;') end end if not isblank(page) then table.insert(output, 'bogga ' .. page) elseif not isblank(pp) then table.insert(output, 'bogagga ' .. pp) end if not isblank(page) or not isblank(pp) or not isblank(section) then table.insert(output, '.') end return table.concat(output) end local function getref(rfc, section, page, pp, notes, quote, status, dbContent, frame) -- implements {{Ref RFC/getref}}, which is only used by {{Ref RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local output = {} local refContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'ref')) table.insert(output, refContent .. ' ') if yesno(status or true, true) then local statusContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'status')) table.insert(output, "''" .. statusContent .. ".''") end table.insert(output, ' ' .. secpage(section, page, pp) .. ' ') if yesno(notes or true, true) then local notesContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'notes')) table.insert(output, notesContent) end table.insert(output, ' ') if not isblank(quote) then table.insert(output, frame:extensionTag('q', quote)) end return table.concat(output) end function p._IETF(args, frame) -- Implements {{IETF RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end if not isblank(args[1]) then local cll = require('Module:Catalog lookup link')._main local cllArgs = { ['link-prefix'] = 'https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc', ['list-leadout'] = args.leadout or '' } for i = 1, 9 do cllArgs[i] = tonumber(args[i]) end if yesno(args.plainlink or false, false) == false and yesno(args.link or true, true) == true then cllArgs['article-link'] = 'RFC (identifier)' end if yesno(args.plainlink or false, false) == false then cllArgs['article-name'] = 'RFC' end return cll(cllArgs, frame) else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:IETF RFC|IETF RFC]]}}: [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]] maqan.' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end end function p.IETF(frame) return p._IETF(getArgs(frame), frame) end function p._ref(args, dbContent, frame) --implements {{Ref RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local rfc = tonumber(args[1]) if rfc then local db = 'Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100) if (not dbContent) and rfc then dbContent = mw.title.new(db).content end if dbContent then local refContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'ref')) if refContent then local output = {} if yesno(args['repeat'] or false, false) then output[1] = frame:extensionTag('ref', '', {name='rfc' .. rfc}) else output[1] = getref(rfc, args.section, args.p, args.pp, args.notes, args.quote, args.status, dbContent, frame) if yesno(args.ref or true, true) then local refname = '' if isblank(args.p) and isblank(args.pp) and isblank(args.section) and isblank(args.quote) then refname = 'rfc' .. rfc end output[1] = frame:extensionTag('ref', output[1], {name = refname}) else output[1] = frame:preprocess(output[1]) end end if not isblank(args.rp) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {page = args.rp}}) end if not isblank(args.rpp) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {pages = args.rpp}}) end if not isblank(args.rsection) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {at = '§' ..args.rsection}}) end return table.concat(output) else local errMsg = 'TIXRAACA RFC ' .. rfc * 1 .. ' HALKAAN LAMA QEEXIN.' return err({message = errMsg}) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[' .. db .. '|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'TIXRAACA RFC ' .. rfc * 1 .. ' HALKAAN LAMA QEEXIN.' return err({message = errMsg}) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[Template:Ref RFC/db|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:Ref RFC|Ref RFC]]}}: [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]] maqan.' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end end function p.ref(frame) return p._ref(getArgs(frame), nil, frame) end function p._sum(args, frame) --implements {{Sum RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end if not isblank(args[1]) then local rfc = tonumber(args[1]) if rfc then local db = 'Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100) local dbContent = mw.title.new(db).content if dbContent then local titleContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'title')) if titleContent then return summary(args, dbContent, frame) else local errMsg = 'Tixraaca RFC ' .. rfc .. ' lama qeexin weli.' return err({message = errMsg}) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[' .. db .. '|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'Tixraaca RFC ' .. rfc .. ' lama qeexin weli.' return err({message = errMsg}) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[Template:Ref RFC/db|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:Sum RFC|Sum RFC]]}}: "' .. args[1] .. '" ma aha nambar.' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:Sum RFC|Sum RFC]]}}: [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]] maqan.' return err({message = errMsg, style = 'font-size:inherit', tag='span'}) end end function p.sum(frame) return p._sum(getArgs(frame), frame) end return p qmfnl46v3flgv7sj06juh35mp27gfcm 308989 308988 2026-09-22T16:13:24Z Isma4l 41797 308989 Scribunto text/plain -- Implements {{Sum RFC}}, {{Ref RFC}}, and {{IETF RFC}} require( 'strict' ) local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local p = {} local function err(msg, style) style = style or 'font-size:inherit' return '<span class="error" style="' .. style .. '">' .. msg .. '</span>' end local sectionMatch = function (n, t) return '<section%s+begin=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>(.-)<section%s+end=rfc' .. n .. t .. '%s*/>' end local isblank = function (v) return (v or '') == '' end local function summary(args, dbContent, frame) --implements {{Ref RFC/summary}}, which is only used by {{Sum RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local refContent = "" local rfc = isblank(tonumber(args[1])) and 0 or tonumber(args[1]) if not dbContent then dbContent = mw.title.new('Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100)).content end if yesno(args.ref or false, false) then refContent = p._ref({[1] = rfc, notes = yesno(args.refnotes or true, true) and 'yes' or 'no'}, dbContent, frame) end if yesno(args.plain or false, false) then return p._IETF({[1] = rfc, plainlink = 'yes'}) .. refContent end local output = {} table.insert(output, p._IETF({[1] = rfc, link = 'no'})) if yesno(args.title or true, true) then local titleContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'title')) if rfc < 10000 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 1000 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 100 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end if rfc < 10 then table.insert(output, '&numsp;') end table.insert(output, string.format( '&ndash;&numsp;"%s"%s ', frame:extensionTag('cite', frame:preprocess(titleContent) .. ','), refContent )) if yesno(args.status or true, true) then local statusContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'status')) table.insert(output, "''" .. statusContent .. ".''") end table.insert(output, ' ') if yesno(args.notes or false, false) then local notesContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'notes')) table.insert(output, frame:preprocess(notesContent)) end elseif yesno(args.ref or false, false) then table.insert(output, refContent) end if (not isblank(args.comment)) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = "Block indent", args = {text = args.comment}}) end return table.concat(output) end local function secpage(section, page, pp) --implements {{Ref RFC/secpage}}, which is only used by {{Ref RFC/getref}} local output = {} if not isblank(section) then table.insert(output, 'qaybta ' .. section) if not isblank(page) or not isblank(pp) then table.insert(output, ',&nbsp;') end end if not isblank(page) then table.insert(output, 'bogga ' .. page) elseif not isblank(pp) then table.insert(output, 'bogagga ' .. pp) end if not isblank(page) or not isblank(pp) or not isblank(section) then table.insert(output, '.') end return table.concat(output) end local function getref(rfc, section, page, pp, notes, quote, status, dbContent, frame) -- implements {{Ref RFC/getref}}, which is only used by {{Ref RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local output = {} local refContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'ref')) table.insert(output, refContent .. ' ') if yesno(status or true, true) then local statusContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'status')) table.insert(output, "''" .. statusContent .. ".''") end table.insert(output, ' ' .. secpage(section, page, pp) .. ' ') if yesno(notes or true, true) then local notesContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'notes')) table.insert(output, notesContent) end table.insert(output, ' ') if not isblank(quote) then table.insert(output, frame:extensionTag('q', quote)) end return table.concat(output) end function p._IETF(args, frame) -- Implements {{IETF RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end if not isblank(args[1]) then local cll = require('Module:Catalog lookup link')._main local cllArgs = { ['link-prefix'] = 'https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc', ['list-leadout'] = args.leadout or '' } for i = 1, 9 do cllArgs[i] = tonumber(args[i]) end if yesno(args.plainlink or false, false) == false and yesno(args.link or true, true) == true then cllArgs['article-link'] = 'RFC (identifier)' end if yesno(args.plainlink or false, false) == false then cllArgs['article-name'] = 'RFC' end return cll(cllArgs, frame) else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:IETF RFC|IETF RFC]]}}: [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]] maqan.' return err(errMsg) end end function p.IETF(frame) return p._IETF(getArgs(frame), frame) end function p._ref(args, dbContent, frame) --implements {{Ref RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end local rfc = tonumber(args[1]) if rfc then local db = 'Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100) if (not dbContent) and rfc then dbContent = mw.title.new(db).content end if dbContent then local refContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'ref')) if refContent then local output = {} if yesno(args['repeat'] or false, false) then output[1] = frame:extensionTag('ref', '', {name='rfc' .. rfc}) else output[1] = getref(rfc, args.section, args.p, args.pp, args.notes, args.quote, args.status, dbContent, frame) if yesno(args.ref or true, true) then local refname = '' if isblank(args.p) and isblank(args.pp) and isblank(args.section) and isblank(args.quote) then refname = 'rfc' .. rfc end output[1] = frame:extensionTag('ref', output[1], {name = refname}) else output[1] = frame:preprocess(output[1]) end end if not isblank(args.rp) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {page = args.rp}}) end if not isblank(args.rpp) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {pages = args.rpp}}) end if not isblank(args.rsection) then table.insert(output, frame:expandTemplate{title = 'rp', args = {at = '§' ..args.rsection}}) end return table.concat(output) else local errMsg = 'TIXRAACA RFC ' .. rfc .. ' HALKAAN LAMA QEEXIN.' return err(errMsg) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[' .. db .. '|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'TIXRAACA RFC ' .. rfc .. ' HALKAAN LAMA QEEXIN.' return err(errMsg) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[Template:Ref RFC/db|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:Ref RFC|Ref RFC]]}}: [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]] maqan.' return err(errMsg) end end function p.ref(frame) return p._ref(getArgs(frame), nil, frame) end function p._sum(args, frame) --implements {{Sum RFC}} if not frame then frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() end if not isblank(args[1]) then local rfc = tonumber(args[1]) if rfc then local db = 'Template:Ref RFC/db/' .. math.floor(rfc/100) local dbContent = mw.title.new(db).content if dbContent then local titleContent = mw.ustring.match(dbContent, sectionMatch(rfc, 'title')) if titleContent then return summary(args, dbContent, frame) else local errMsg = 'Tixraaca RFC ' .. rfc .. ' lama qeexin weli.' return err(errMsg) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[' .. db .. '|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'Tixraaca RFC ' .. rfc .. ' lama qeexin weli.' return err(errMsg) .. ' Waxaa lagu martiqaadayaa inaad ku darto [[Template:Ref RFC/db|halkan]].' end else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:Sum RFC|Sum RFC]]}}: "' .. args[1] .. '" ma aha nambar.' return err(errMsg) end else local errMsg = 'Khalad ku jira beegiga {{[[Template:Sum RFC|Sum RFC]]}}: [[RFC (identifier)|RFC]] maqan.' return err(errMsg) end end function p.sum(frame) return p._sum(getArgs(frame), frame) end return p qgumx9fajkuk7vfw5axywbpyjhra8fr 10 52864 308985 2026-09-22T16:08:29Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:{{{_debug|}}}|list|wrap}}|_template=citation <!-- {{#invoke:template wrapper|list|_template=citation --> |_exclude= appendix, autolink, bcp, draft, fyi, idanchor, idlink, idlinktype, ien, nosec, page-url, referenceid, rfc, rtr, sections, sectionname, separator, seperator, std, style, _debug, nopp |_reuse=at, id, ID, doi, DOI, page, pages, ref, section, section-url, title, url |mode={{#invoke:Citation mode|main|cs1}} |publishe... 308985 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:{{{_debug|}}}|list|wrap}}|_template=citation <!-- {{#invoke:template wrapper|list|_template=citation --> |_exclude= appendix, autolink, bcp, draft, fyi, idanchor, idlink, idlinktype, ien, nosec, page-url, referenceid, rfc, rtr, sections, sectionname, separator, seperator, std, style, _debug, nopp |_reuse=at, id, ID, doi, DOI, page, pages, ref, section, section-url, title, url |mode={{#invoke:Citation mode|main|cs1}} |publisher={{#if:{{{publisher|}}}|{{{publisher}}}|[[Internet Engineering Task Force|IETF]]}} |title = {{ #if:{{{title|}}} |{{{title}}} |{{ #if:{{{sectionname|}}} ||{{ #if:{{{rfc|}}}{{{std|}}}{{{bcp|}}}{{{fyi|}}}{{{draft|}}}{{{ien|}}}{{{rtr|}}}{{{id|}}}{{{ID|}}} |{{Cite IETF/doctypes |Id = {{ #if:{{{id|}}}{{{ID|}}} |{{{id|{{{ID|}}}}}} |{{Cite IETF/refanchor |Sep = {{ <!-- #if:{{#ifeq:{{yesno|{{{autolink|}}}|blank=yes}}|yes|x}}{{{url|}}}{{{archiveurl|}}}{{{idlink|}}}{{{idanchor|}}} --> #if:{{#ifeq:{{yesno|{{{autolink|}}}|blank=yes}}|yes|x}}{{{url|}}}{{{idlink|}}}{{{idanchor|}}} ||{{#tag:nowiki}} }} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} }} }} |Idlink = {{ <!-- #if:{{{archiveurl|}}}{{{url|}}} --> #if:{{{url|}}} ||{{ #if:{{{idlink|}}} |{{{idlink}}} |{{ #if:{{{idanchor|}}} |#{{anchorencode:{{ #ifeq:{{lc:{{{idanchor}}}}}|ietf |{{Cite IETF/refanchor |Prefix = IETF |Id = {{{id|{{{ID|}}}}}} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} }} |{{{idanchor}}} }}}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |url = {{ #if:{{{title|}}}{{#if:{{{idlink|}}}{{{idanchor|}}}||{{{rfc|}}}{{{std|}}}{{{bcp|}}}{{{fyi|}}}{{{draft|}}}{{{ien|}}}{{{rtr|}}}}} |{{Cite IETF/makelink <!-- |Url = {{{archiveurl|{{{url|}}}}}} --> |Url = {{{url|}}} |Anchor = {{ #if:{{{sectionname|}}} ||{{ #if:{{{section|}}}{{{appendix|}}}{{{referenceid|}}}{{{page|}}} |&#035;{{ #if:{{{section|}}} |section-{{{section}}} |{{ #if:{{{appendix|}}} |appendix-{{{appendix}}} |{{ #if:{{{referenceid|}}} |ref-{{{referenceid}}} |{{ #if:{{{page|}}} |page-{{{page}}} }} }} }} }} }} }} |Autolink = {{{autolink|}}} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} |Style = {{{style|}}} }} }} |at = {{ #if:{{{pages|}}} |{{#if:{{{nopp|}}}||pp.&nbsp;}}{{{pages}}} |{{ #if:{{{page|}}} |{{#if:{{{nopp|}}}||p.&nbsp;}}{{{page}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{section|}}}{{{appendix|}}} |{{ #if:{{{pages|}}}{{{page|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{separator|{{{seperator}}}}}}|;|&#059;|{{{separator|{{{seperator|.}}}}}}}}&nbsp; }}{{#if:{{{nosec|}}}||sec.&nbsp;}}{{{sections|{{{section|{{{appendix}}}}}}}}} }} |section = {{{sectionname|}}} |section-url = {{ #if:{{{sectionname|}}} |{{ #if:{{{section-url|}}}{{{page-url|}}} |{{{section-url|{{{page-url}}}}}} |{{ #if:{{{section|}}}{{{appendix|}}}{{{referenceid|}}}{{{page|}}} |{{Cite IETF/makelink <!-- |Url = {{{archiveurl|{{{url|}}}}}} --> |Url = {{{url|}}} |Anchor = &#035;{{ #if:{{{section|}}} |section-{{{section}}} |{{ #if:{{{appendix|}}} |appendix-{{{appendix}}} |{{ #if:{{{referenceid|}}} |ref-{{{referenceid}}} |{{ #if:{{{page|}}} |page-{{{page}}} }} }} }} }} |Autolink = {{{autolink|}}} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} |Style = {{{style|}}} }} }} }} }} |id = {{ #if:{{{title|}}}{{{sectionname|}}} |{{Cite IETF/doctypes |Id = {{{id|{{{ID|}}}}}} |Sep = {{#ifeq:{{{separator|{{{seperator}}}}}}|;|&#059;|{{{separator|{{{seperator|.}}}}}}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} |Idlink = {{ #if:{{{idlink|}}} |{{{idlink}}} |{{ #if:{{{idanchor|}}} |#{{anchorencode:{{ #ifeq:{{lc:{{{idanchor}}}}}|ietf |{{Cite IETF/refanchor |Prefix = IETF |Id = {{{id|{{{ID|}}}}}} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} }} |{{{idanchor}}} }}}} }} }} |Idlinktype = {{<!-- FIXME: Instead of this bunch of indentation, use #switch: as an if-elseif. --> #if:{{{idlinktype|}}} |{{{idlinktype}}} |{{ #if:{{{id|}}}{{{ID|}}} ||{{ #if:{{{idlink|}}}{{{idanchor|}}} |{{ #if:{{{rfc|}}} |rfc |{{ #if:{{{std|}}} |std |{{ #if:{{{bcp|}}} |bcp |{{ #if:{{{fyi|}}} |fyi |{{ #if:{{{draft|}}} |draft |{{ #if:{{{ien|}}} |ien |{{ #if:{{{rtr|}}} |rtr }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |doi-access={{{doi-access|{{#if:{{{rfc|}}}|free}}}}} |doi = {{{doi|{{{DOI|{{#if:{{{rfc|}}}|10.17487/RFC{{padleft:{{{rfc}}}|4}}}}}}}}}} <!-- |OriginalURL = {{ #if:{{{archiveurl|}}} |{{Cite IETF/makelink |Url = {{{url|}}} |Autolink = {{{autolink|}}} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} }} }} --> |ref = {{ #ifeq:{{lc:{{{ref|}}}}}|ietf |{{Cite IETF/refanchor |Prefix = IETF |Id = {{{id|{{{ID|}}}}}} |Rfc = {{{rfc|}}} |Std = {{{std|}}} |Bcp = {{{bcp|}}} |Fyi = {{{fyi|}}} |Draft = {{{draft|}}} |Ien = {{{ien|}}} |Rtr = {{{rtr|}}} }} |{{{ref|}}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{section-url|}}}{{{page-url|}}} |{{ #if:{{{sectionname|}}} ||{{Citation error|you must specify {{para|sectionname}} when you use {{para|{{#if:{{{section-url|}}}|section-url|page-url}}}}|cite IETF}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{idlink|}}}{{{idanchor|}}} |{{ #if:{{{rfc|}}}{{{std|}}}{{{bcp|}}}{{{fyi|}}}{{{draft|}}}{{{ien|}}}{{{rtr|}}}{{{id|}}}{{{ID|}}} ||{{Citation error|you must specify one of {{para|rfc}}, {{para|std}}, {{para|bcp}}, {{para|fyi}}, {{para|draft}}, {{para|ien}}, {{para|rtr}}, or {{para|id}} when you use {{para|{{#if:{{{idlink|}}}|idlink|idanchor}}}}|cite IETF}} }} }}{{ #if:{{{idlinktype|}}} |{{ #if:{{{idlink|}}}{{{idanchor|}}} ||{{Citation error|you must specify {{para|idanchor}} or {{para|idlink}} when you use {{para|idlinktype}}|cite IETF}} }}{{ #switch:{{lc:{{{idlinktype}}}}} <!-- silently ignore 'id' --> |rfc |std |bcp |fyi |draft |ien |rtr |id = |#default = {{Citation error|unknown value: <code><var>{{{idlinktype}}}</var></code> passed to {{para|idlinktype}}, must be one of: <code>rfc, std, bcp, fyi, draft, ien, rtr</code>|cite IETF}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> ldqav42x9454scqshtaomkf3r8wq2lq 10 52865 308986 2026-09-22T16:09:00Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#invoke:RFC|ref|1={{{1|<noinclude>0</noinclude>}}}}}<noinclude> == Tixraacyo== <references /> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 308986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:RFC|ref|1={{{1|<noinclude>0</noinclude>}}}}}<noinclude> == Tixraacyo== <references /> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ax69sf5dn2mjefxedjc56ava07b7ajf 10 52866 308987 2026-09-22T16:10:25Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: ==Kaydka tixraacyada RFC== ===Tilmaamaha=== Si ay arrimuhu u ahaadaan kuwo fudud oo la maamuli karo, dhammaan tixraacyada RFC waxaa la geliyaa bogag hoosaadyo ka hooseeya kan. Si loo sameeyo qaybtan hoose, lambarka RFC waxaa loo qaybiyaa 100 si loo helo lambarka bog-hoosaadka. Tusaale ahaan, tixraacyada 3100–3199 waxaa laga heli karaa [[Template:Ref RFC/db/31]]. Bog kasta oo hoosaad wuxuu qaadaa ugu badnaan 100 tixraac, taas oo ka dhigaysa wax ka beddelka mid aan dhib badnayn.... 308987 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Kaydka tixraacyada RFC== ===Tilmaamaha=== Si ay arrimuhu u ahaadaan kuwo fudud oo la maamuli karo, dhammaan tixraacyada RFC waxaa la geliyaa bogag hoosaadyo ka hooseeya kan. Si loo sameeyo qaybtan hoose, lambarka RFC waxaa loo qaybiyaa 100 si loo helo lambarka bog-hoosaadka. Tusaale ahaan, tixraacyada 3100–3199 waxaa laga heli karaa [[Template:Ref RFC/db/31]]. Bog kasta oo hoosaad wuxuu qaadaa ugu badnaan 100 tixraac, taas oo ka dhigaysa wax ka beddelka mid aan dhib badnayn. ===Tusaale gelinta=== Hoos waxaa ku yaal tusaale ku saabsan waxyaabaha ku jira bog-hoosaad. Ku dar tixraacyo badan jadwalka sida loo baahdo. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext"> {|class='wikitable' !RFC !Cinwaanka !Xaaladda !Tixraaca !Xusuusin |- |8200 |<section begin=rfc8200title />Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification<section end=rfc8200title /> |<section begin=rfc8200status />Internet Standard 86<section end=rfc8200status /> |<section begin=rfc8200ref />{{Cite IETF|rfc=8200|std=86|title=Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification|author1=S. Deering|author-link1=Steve Deering|author2=R. Hinden|date=July 2017|publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]]}}<section end=rfc8200ref /> |<section begin=rfc8200notes />Obsoletes {{IETF RFC|2460|link=no}}.<section end=rfc8200notes /> |} [[Template:Ref RFC/db/90|&larr; kii hore]] | [[Template:Ref RFC/db/92|kan xiga &rarr;]] </syntaxhighlight> Hubso inaad ku darto meel bannaan (space) ka hor inta aysan xirmin calaamadda (<code>/&gt;</code>) ee sumadaha <code><nowiki><section [begin|end]=rfc9999 /></nowiki></code>. Summadda qaybtu waxay ku bilaabanaysaa xarfaha <code>rfc</code>, oo uu ku xigayo lambarka RFC. ===Bog-hoosaadyada tixraaca=== {|class='wikitable' |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/0|RFC 1-99]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/10|RFC 1000-1099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/20|RFC 2000-2099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/30|RFC 3000-3099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/40|RFC 4000-4099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/50|RFC 5000-5099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/60|RFC 6000-6099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/70|RFC 7000-7099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/80|RFC 8000-8099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/90|RFC 9000-9099]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/100|RFC 10000-10099]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/1|RFC 100-199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/11|RFC 1100-1199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/21|RFC 2100-2199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/31|RFC 3100-3199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/41|RFC 4100-4199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/51|RFC 5100-5199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/61|RFC 6100-6199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/71|RFC 7100-7199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/81|RFC 8100-8199]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/91|RFC 9100-9199]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/2|RFC 200-299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/12|RFC 1200-1299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/22|RFC 2200-2299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/32|RFC 3200-3299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/42|RFC 4200-4299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/52|RFC 5200-5299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/62|RFC 6200-6299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/72|RFC 7200-7299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/82|RFC 8200-8299]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/92|RFC 9200-9299]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/3|RFC 300-399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/13|RFC 1300-1399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/23|RFC 2300-2399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/33|RFC 3300-3399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/43|RFC 4300-4399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/53|RFC 5300-5399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/63|RFC 6300-6399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/73|RFC 7300-7399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/83|RFC 8300-8399]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/93|RFC 9300-9399]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/4|RFC 400-499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/14|RFC 1400-1499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/24|RFC 2400-2499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/34|RFC 3400-3499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/44|RFC 4400-4499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/54|RFC 5400-5499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/64|RFC 6400-6499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/74|RFC 7400-7499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/84|RFC 8400-8499]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/94|RFC 9400-9499]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/5|RFC 500-599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/15|RFC 1500-1599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/25|RFC 2500-2599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/35|RFC 3500-3599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/45|RFC 4500-4599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/55|RFC 5500-5599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/65|RFC 6500-6599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/75|RFC 7500-7599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/85|RFC 8500-8599]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/95|RFC 9500-9599]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/6|RFC 600-699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/16|RFC 1600-1699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/26|RFC 2600-2699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/36|RFC 3600-3699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/46|RFC 4600-4699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/56|RFC 5600-5699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/66|RFC 6600-6699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/76|RFC 7600-7699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/86|RFC 8600-8699]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/96|RFC 9600-9699]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/7|RFC 700-799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/17|RFC 1700-1799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/27|RFC 2700-2799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/37|RFC 3700-3799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/47|RFC 4700-4799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/57|RFC 5700-5799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/67|RFC 6700-6799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/77|RFC 7700-7799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/87|RFC 8700-8799]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/97|RFC 9700-9799]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/8|RFC 800-899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/18|RFC 1800-1899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/28|RFC 2800-2899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/38|RFC 3800-3899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/48|RFC 4800-4899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/58|RFC 5800-5899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/68|RFC 6800-6899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/78|RFC 7800-7899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/88|RFC 8800-8899]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/98|RFC 9800-9899]] |- |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/9|RFC 900-999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/19|RFC 1900-1999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/29|RFC 2900-2999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/39|RFC 3900-3999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/49|RFC 4900-4999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/59|RFC 5900-5999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/69|RFC 6900-6999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/79|RFC 7900-7999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/89|RFC 8900-8999]] |[[Template:Ref RFC/db/99|RFC 9900-9999]] |} ct12j6at958mh1bx6mevvg59wf58009 10 52867 308990 2026-09-22T16:14:32Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#invoke:RFC|sum|1={{{1|<noinclude>0</noinclude>}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 308990 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:RFC|sum|1={{{1|<noinclude>0</noinclude>}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> gtjero0ers6il6txlfp9eyie3s01n1g 14 52868 308991 2026-09-22T18:57:22Z Soalt 39618 abuur 308991 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] nc0hyb7amujp16in55tvciev3zsubq8 14 52869 308995 2026-09-22T19:13:07Z Soalt 39618 abuur 308995 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] nc0hyb7amujp16in55tvciev3zsubq8 0 52870 309004 2026-09-22T19:46:24Z Soalt 39618 Soalt la wareejiyay bogga [[Guinea]] ilaa [[Giinya]]: higgaad 309004 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Giinya]] 0hny611u52zzh6tl6vqex8dhgjwlt5d 14 52871 309005 2026-09-22T19:47:11Z Soalt 39618 Category:Wadamada Afrika 309005 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] nc0hyb7amujp16in55tvciev3zsubq8 14 52872 309007 2026-09-22T19:49:53Z Soalt 39618 abuur 309007 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] nc0hyb7amujp16in55tvciev3zsubq8 14 52873 309009 2026-09-22T19:54:10Z Soalt 39618 abuur 309009 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Wadamada Afrika]] nc0hyb7amujp16in55tvciev3zsubq8 10 52874 309014 2026-09-22T20:44:40Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Dib loogu qoro}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Crystal Clear app kedit.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{2|{{#ifeq:{{{section|}}}|yes|section}}}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo in dib loogu qoro si ay u waafaqdo [[Wikipedia:Hagaha qaabka|halbeegyada tayada]] Wikipedia'''{{#if:{{{1|}}}|... 309014 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Dib loogu qoro}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Crystal Clear app kedit.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{2|{{#ifeq:{{{section|}}}|yes|section}}}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo in dib loogu qoro si ay u waafaqdo [[Wikipedia:Hagaha qaabka|halbeegyada tayada]] Wikipedia'''{{#if:{{{1|}}}|, sida {{{1}}}}}. | talk = {{{talk|#}}} | fix = [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Waad caawin kartaa]. Bogga wadahadalka waxaa ku jiri kara talooyin. | cat = Maqaallada u baahan dib-u-qoris | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan dib-u-qoris | date = {{{date|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ldzpn7ksoja9kl748ypldtxvol901ny 10 52875 309015 2026-09-22T20:45:49Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Citation style}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = {{{name|Habka tixraaca}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | small = {{{small|}}} | class = ambox-citation_style | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa uu leeyahay [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Citation style|hab tixraac]] aan caddayn'''. {{#if:{{{reason|{{{details|}}}}}}|Sababta la bixiyay waa: '''{{Terminate sentence|{{{reason|{{{det... 309015 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Citation style}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = {{{name|Habka tixraaca}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | small = {{{small|}}} | class = ambox-citation_style | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa uu leeyahay [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Citation style|hab tixraac]] aan caddayn'''. {{#if:{{{reason|{{{details|}}}}}}|Sababta la bixiyay waa: '''{{Terminate sentence|{{{reason|{{{details}}}}}}}}'''}} | fix = Tixraacyada la isticmaalay waxaa laga dhigi karaa kuwo sii cad iyadoo la raacayo qaab ka duwan ama mid iswaafaqsan oo ah [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacid]] iyo [[Help:Footnotes|qoraallada hoose]]. | cat = Maqaallada u baahan nadiifinta tixraacyada Wikipedia | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan nadiifinta tixraacyada | cat2 = Maqaallada uu daboolayo Mashruuca Wiki Wikify | all2 = Dhammaan maqaallada uu daboolayo Mashruuca Wiki Wikify | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Citation style}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, hana ku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> lk0lvl0ap3508h1m1zgk1lh0nljn40d 10 52876 309016 2026-09-22T20:46:24Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Liisaska u baahan nadiifinta | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa ku jiri kara macluumaad [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|aan la xaqiijin]] ama [[Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not#Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information|aan kala sooc lahayn]]''' oo ku jira [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Embedded lists|liisaska ku dhex jira]]. |... 309016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Liisaska u baahan nadiifinta | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa ku jiri kara macluumaad [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|aan la xaqiijin]] ama [[Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not#Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information|aan kala sooc lahayn]]''' oo ku jira [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Embedded lists|liisaska ku dhex jira]]. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} nadiifinta liisaska] adigoo tirtiraya walxaha ama ku daraya qoraalka maqaalka dhexdiisa. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan nadiifinta | all = Dhammaan bogagga u baahan nadiifinta | cat2 = Nadiifinta liisaska Wikipedia }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 6f7ghf2cyztct0ntkugsumnlxx8xp9w 10 52877 309017 2026-09-22T20:46:55Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Ambox | name = Wareer | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = style | class = ambox-confusing | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu u noqdo mid [[Wikipedia:Vagueness|wareersan ama aan caddayn]] akhristayaasha'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Gaar ahaan, {{{reason}}}.}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi in la [[Wikipedia:Please clarify|caddeeyo {{{1|maqaalkan}}}]]. Waxaa {{... 309017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Ambox | name = Wareer | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = style | class = ambox-confusing | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu u noqdo mid [[Wikipedia:Vagueness|wareersan ama aan caddayn]] akhristayaasha'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Gaar ahaan, {{{reason}}}.}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi in la [[Wikipedia:Please clarify|caddeeyo {{{1|maqaalkan}}}]]. Waxaa {{#if:{{{talk|{{{2|}}}}}}|jira|laga yaabaa inay jirto}} dood ku saabsan arrintan oo ku taal {{#if:{{{talk|{{{2|}}}}}}|{{format link|{{{talk|{{{2|}}}}}}}}|[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]]}}. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan caddaynta | all = Dhammaan maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan caddaynta }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha waxay tagaan bogga hoosaadka /doc, interwikis-kuna waxay tagaan Wikidata. --> </noinclude> 0z8dsuaqqgz4vjzzvzhqcfhtdyijkan 10 52878 309018 2026-09-22T20:47:30Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Context}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xaalad-dhaaf | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | class= ambox-Context | issue= {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu bixinayaa macluumaad iyo xaalad aan ku filnayn dadka aan aqoonta u lahayn mowduuca'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalka] adigoo Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Provide context for... 309018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Context}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xaalad-dhaaf | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | class= ambox-Context | issue= {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu bixinayaa macluumaad iyo xaalad aan ku filnayn dadka aan aqoonta u lahayn mowduuca'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalka] adigoo [[Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Provide context for the reader|bixinaya macluumaad iyo xaalad dheeraad ah oo u sahleysa akhristaha]]{{#if:{{{details|}}}|, gaar ahaan: {{{details}}}}}. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan macluumaadka xaaladda | all = Dhammaan maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan macluumaadka xaaladda | all2 = Dhammaan bogagga u baahan nadiifinta }}<!--{{Context}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> onzp4yhddoycz9ezp0drz3zkdl2iy4p 10 52879 309019 2026-09-22T20:48:08Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = Nuqul-sixid | type = style | class = ambox-Copy_edit | image = [[File:Acap.svg|class=skin-invert|32px|alt=|link=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo [[Wikipedia:Basic copyediting|nuqul-sixid]] xagga {{{for|{{{reason|higgaadda, naxwaha, qaabka, isku-xidhnaanta, ama codka}}}}}}'''. | fix = Waad caawin kartaa adigoo [[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|wax ka beddelaya]]. |... 309019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = Nuqul-sixid | type = style | class = ambox-Copy_edit | image = [[File:Acap.svg|class=skin-invert|32px|alt=|link=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo [[Wikipedia:Basic copyediting|nuqul-sixid]] xagga {{{for|{{{reason|higgaadda, naxwaha, qaabka, isku-xidhnaanta, ama codka}}}}}}'''. | fix = Waad caawin kartaa adigoo [[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|wax ka beddelaya]]. | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan nuqul-sixid | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan nuqul-sixid }} }}<noinclude> <!-- Ku dar qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc, hana ku darin halkan! --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> g0wloqruv3vgnw0a8ahf3h37mf7clx6 10 52880 309020 2026-09-22T20:48:51Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Sheeko-abuur | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-fiction | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''wuxuu u baahan yahay kala-soocid cad oo u dhaxaysa xaqiiqda iyo sheeko-abuurka'''. | fix = Fadlan dib u eeg [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction|Hagaha Qaabka]] oo ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan]. | removal... 309020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Sheeko-abuur | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-fiction | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''wuxuu u baahan yahay kala-soocid cad oo u dhaxaysa xaqiiqda iyo sheeko-abuurka'''. | fix = Fadlan dib u eeg [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction|Hagaha Qaabka]] oo ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan]. | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada u baahan in laga kala saaro xaqiiqda iyo sheeko-abuurka | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan in laga kala saaro xaqiiqda iyo sheeko-abuurka | date = {{{date|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> az5e9ez23z9nbuqjvgf8by89u88tny4 10 52881 309021 2026-09-22T20:49:35Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | type = style | class = ambox-Plot | issue = Koobitaanka dhacdada ee {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|maqaalkan}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu [[Wikipedia:How to write a plot summary|aad u dheer yahay ama uu leeyahay faahfaahin xad-dhaaf ah]].''' | fix = Fadlan [[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|ka caawi in la hagaajiyo]] adigoo tirtiraya faahfaahinta aan la adeegsan karin oo ka dhigaya mid kooban. | removalnotice = yes... 309021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | type = style | class = ambox-Plot | issue = Koobitaanka dhacdada ee {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|maqaalkan}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu [[Wikipedia:How to write a plot summary|aad u dheer yahay ama uu leeyahay faahfaahin xad-dhaaf ah]].''' | fix = Fadlan [[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|ka caawi in la hagaajiyo]] adigoo tirtiraya faahfaahinta aan la adeegsan karin oo ka dhigaya mid kooban. | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada Wikipedia ee koobitaanka dhacdadiisu u baahan tahay dareen | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada Wikipedia ee koobitaanka dhacdadiisu u baahan tahay dareen | name = Dhacdo dheer }} }}<noinclude> <!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, hana ku darin halkan! --> {{documentation}} </noinclude> mtnjm56u55orz9pe7z35nj5k629r712 10 52882 309022 2026-09-22T20:50:06Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{In-universe}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Dhinaca sheekada gudaheeda | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-in-universe | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} {{#if:{{{subject<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}|la xiriira {{{subject}}}|}} '''wuxuu ku sifeeyaa {{{described_object|shaqo ama curiye ka tirsan sheeko-abuurka}}} hab inta badan ka tirsan Wikipe... 309022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{In-universe}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Dhinaca sheekada gudaheeda | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-in-universe | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} {{#if:{{{subject<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}|la xiriira {{{subject}}}|}} '''wuxuu ku sifeeyaa {{{described_object|shaqo ama curiye ka tirsan sheeko-abuurka}}} hab inta badan ka tirsan [[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Writing_about_fiction#The_problem_with_in-universe_perspective|dhinaca sheekada gudaheeda ah]]'''. | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} ka caawi in dib loogu qoro] si [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction|loogu sharaxo sheeko-abuurka si cad oo loo bixiyo aragti aan ahayn mid sheeko-abuur keliya ah]]. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan in laga kala saaro xaqiiqda iyo sheeko-abuurka | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan in laga kala saaro xaqiiqda iyo sheeko-abuurka | all2 = {{#if:{{{category|}}}|Maqaallada {{{category}}} ee u baahan in laga kala saaro xaqiiqda iyo sheeko-abuurka}} }}<!--{{In-universe}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, fadlan, hana ku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> se7cm9ekqcjp2sv2d3ztkr32xu4awbs 10 52883 309023 2026-09-22T20:50:52Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Codka maqaalka | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | class = ambox-Tone | issue = Hab-qoraalka {{{1|maqaalkan}}} '''laga yaabaa inuusan ka turjumeyn [[Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Tone|codka encyclopedia-ga]] ee laga isticmaalo Wikipedia'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Sababta la bixiyay waa:''' {{{reason}}} '''}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | fix = Eeg Wikipedia:Writing be... 309023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Codka maqaalka | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | class = ambox-Tone | issue = Hab-qoraalka {{{1|maqaalkan}}} '''laga yaabaa inuusan ka turjumeyn [[Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Tone|codka encyclopedia-ga]] ee laga isticmaalo Wikipedia'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Sababta la bixiyay waa:''' {{{reason}}} '''}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | fix = Eeg [[Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Tone|hagaha Wikipedia ee ku saabsan qorista maqaallada wanaagsan]] si aad u hesho talooyin. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} }}{{DMCA|Maqaallada Wikipedia ee qabta dhibaatooyinka qaab-qoraalka|from|{{{date|}}}|Dhammaan maqaallada qabta dhibaatooyinka qaab-qoraalka|Maqaallada Wikipedia ee qabta dhibaatooyinka qaab-qoraalka bishii}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> of8596l9zuer0tu0zt5peorsa30ytot 10 52884 309024 2026-09-22T20:51:34Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!-- {{Globalize}} begin -->{{ambox | name = Caalamayn | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-globalize | image = [[File:ambox globe content.svg|50x40px|alt=Globe icon.|link=]] | issue = Tusaalayaasha iyo aragtiyaha ku jira {{{1|maqaalkan}}} '''{{#if:{{{2|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{4|}}}|waxay si gaar ah u taabanayaan {{#if:{{{4|}}}|{{{2name|{{Globalize/name|{{Globalize/name|{{{2}}}}}... 309024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!-- {{Globalize}} begin -->{{ambox | name = Caalamayn | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-globalize | image = [[File:ambox globe content.svg|50x40px|alt=Globe icon.|link=]] | issue = Tusaalayaasha iyo aragtiyaha ku jira {{{1|maqaalkan}}} '''{{#if:{{{2|}}}{{{3|}}}{{{4|}}}|waxay si gaar ah u taabanayaan {{#if:{{{4|}}}|{{{2name|{{Globalize/name|{{Globalize/name|{{{2}}}}}|displayname}}}}}, {{{3name|{{Globalize/name|{{Globalize/name|{{{3}}}}}|displayname}}}}}, iyo {{{4name|{{Globalize/name|{{Globalize/name|{{{4}}}}}|displayname}}}}}|{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{2name|{{Globalize/name|{{Globalize/name|{{{2}}}}}|displayname}}}}} iyo {{{3name|{{Globalize/name|{{Globalize/name|{{{3}}}}}|displayname}}}}}|{{{2name|{{Globalize/name|{{Globalize/name|{{{2}}}}}|displayname}}}}}}}}} oo aysan|waxaa laga yaabaa inaynan}} matalin [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias|aragti caalami ah]] oo ku saabsan mowduuca'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Arrimaha gaarka ah ee taagan waa: '''{{{reason}}}'''}} | fix = Waad [[Special:Edit/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|hagaajin kartaa {{{1|maqaalkan}}}]], kala hadli kartaa arrinta {{#if:{{{discussion|}}}{{{discuss|}}}{{{talk|}}} |[[{{{discussion|}}}{{{discuss|}}}{{{talk|}}}|bogga wadahadalka]], ama {{#ifeq:{{{1|article}}}|article|[[Wikipedia:Article wizard|abuur maqaal cusub]]|abuur {{{1}}} cusub}}, sida ay tahay |[[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]], ama {{#ifeq:{{{1|article}}}|article|[[Wikipedia:Article wizard|abuur maqaal cusub]]|abuur {{{1}}} cusub}}, sida ay tahay }}. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | cat = Maqaallada leh baaxad juqraafi oo kooban | all = {{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{#ifexist:Category:{{Globalize/name|{{{2}}}}}-centric|{{Globalize/name|{{{2}}}}}-centric|Bogag ku jira qaybaha waddan-xuddun u ah ee aan jirin}}}} | all2 = {{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{#ifexist:Category:{{Globalize/name|{{{3}}}}}-centric|{{Globalize/name|{{{3}}}}}-centric|Bogag ku jira qaybaha waddan-xuddun u ah ee aan jirin}}}} | all3 = {{#if:{{{4|}}}|{{#ifexist:Category:{{Globalize/name|{{{4}}}}}-centric|{{Globalize/name|{{{4}}}}}-centric|Bogag ku jira qaybaha waddan-xuddun u ah ee aan jirin}}}} }}<!-- {{Globalize}} end --> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc; inter-wikis-kuna waxay tagaan Wikidata, waad mahadsan tahay! --> </noinclude> lmqtxan1un5o1zwf4qqttfbrrp5edjr 10 52885 309025 2026-09-22T20:52:35Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Cleanup rewrite|1={{{1|}}}|2=section|name=Section rewrite|date={{{date|}}}|small={{{small|}}}|subst=<includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly>}} }}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 309025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Cleanup rewrite|1={{{1|}}}|2=section|name=Section rewrite|date={{{date|}}}|small={{{small|}}}|subst=<includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly>}} }}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> re9pjn9z53at3npssuqgovwo08g3ecf 10 52886 309026 2026-09-22T20:53:23Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Self-contradictory}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Iska hor imaanaya | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Ambox contradict.svg|38px|Accuracy dispute|alt=Exclamation mark with arrows pointing at each other|link=]] | issue = {{#switch:{{{1|{{{scope|}}}}}}|article=Maqaalkan|section=Qaybtan|othersection={{#if:{{{article|}}}|Maqaalkan ama qaybtan|Qaybtan}}|#default=Maqaalk... 309026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Self-contradictory}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Iska hor imaanaya | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Ambox contradict.svg|38px|Accuracy dispute|alt=Exclamation mark with arrows pointing at each other|link=]] | issue = {{#switch:{{{1|{{{scope|}}}}}}|article=Maqaalkan|section=Qaybtan|othersection={{#if:{{{article|}}}|Maqaalkan ama qaybtan|Qaybtan}}|#default=Maqaalkan ama qaybtan|=Maqaalkan ama qaybtan}} '''waxaa u muuqda mid iska hor imanaya {{#switch:{{{article|}}}|#default= maqaalka [[{{{article}}}]]|={{#ifeq:{{{1|{{{scope|}}}}}}|othersection|qayb kale oo ka mid ah maqaalkan|laftiisa}}}}'''{{#if:{{{about|}}}|&nbsp;'''ee ku saabsan {{{about}}}'''.|.}} | fix = Fadlan eeg [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}#{{{talksection|{{{2|{{{discuss|}}}}}}}}}|bogga wadahadalka]] si aad u hesho macluumaad dheeraad ah. | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada iska hor imanaya | cat = Maqaallada iska hor imanaya }} <!--{{Self-contradictory}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc, hana ku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> d49yp7ibstb8e64h8vwpfzi2cbaus3e 10 52887 309027 2026-09-22T20:54:03Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{ ambox | name = Farsamo | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = style | class = ambox-technical | issue = {{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|introduction|Qaybta hordhaca ah ee maqaalkan|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu aad ugu adag yahay xagga farsamada si ay u fahmaan inta badan akhristayaasha'''. | talk = {{{talk|}}} | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGEN... 309027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{ ambox | name = Farsamo | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = style | class = ambox-technical | issue = {{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|introduction|Qaybta hordhaca ah ee maqaalkan|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu aad ugu adag yahay xagga farsamada si ay u fahmaan inta badan akhristayaasha'''. | talk = {{{talk|}}} | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} ka caawi in la hagaajiyo] si [[Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable|looga dhigo mid ay fahmi karaan dadka aan khubarada ku ahayn]]{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|introduction|.|, adigoon tirtirin faahfaahinta farsamada.}} | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada Wikipedia ee aadka u farsamada ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada aadka u farsamada ah }} }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}<!-- Ku dar qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc iyo interwikis-ka Wikidata, hana ku darin halkan! --></noinclude> hstli4lmklle5ugvzzzn3crrk0rq5u6 10 52888 309028 2026-09-22T20:54:41Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B={{Namespace detect showall | 1 = | 2 = {{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Main Page||{{Mbox | name = Aan la qaybin | type = style | class = ambox-uncategorized | image = [[File:Wiki letter w.svg|50x40px]] | small = {{{small|}}} | demospace = {{{demospace|}}} | text = {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}}kan '''lagu ma darin wax [[Wikipedia:Categorization|qaybaha (categories)]] ah'''. Fadlan ka caawi adig... 309028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B={{Namespace detect showall | 1 = | 2 = {{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Main Page||{{Mbox | name = Aan la qaybin | type = style | class = ambox-uncategorized | image = [[File:Wiki letter w.svg|50x40px]] | small = {{{small|}}} | demospace = {{{demospace|}}} | text = {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}}kan '''lagu ma darin wax [[Wikipedia:Categorization|qaybaha (categories)]] ah'''. Fadlan ka caawi adigoo [[Wikipedia:Categorization FAQ#How do I add an article to a category?|ku daraya qaybo]] si loogu liis-gareeyo {{#ifeq: {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}} | category | qaybo | {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}} }} la mid ah<includeonly>{{Main other|{{yesno|{{{stub|no}}}|yes=, marka laga reebo qaybta dhuudhaabiga (stub)|no={{Stub other|, marka laga reebo qaybta dhuudhaabiga (stub)}}}}}}</includeonly>. {{#if:{{{date|}}}|<small>''({{{date}}})''</small>}} | smalltext = {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}}kan lagu ma darin wax [[Wikipedia:Categorization|qaybaha]] ah. }}<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||{{DMCFACT|Uncategorized|from|{{{date|}}}|Dhammaan bogagga aan la qaybin|Bogagga aan la qaybin}}}}</includeonly>}} | user = 1 | draft = 1 | user talk = 1 | draft talk = 1 | other = 2 }}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, waad mahadsan tahay! --></noinclude> 6cob0ucqolahn4r1xgn3fkdnthaqg36 309029 309028 2026-09-22T20:54:54Z Isma4l 41797 309029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B={{Namespace detect showall | 1 = | 2 = {{#ifeq:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|Main Page||{{Mbox | name = Aan la qaybin | type = style | class = ambox-uncategorized | image = [[File:Wiki letter w.svg|50x40px]] | small = {{{small|}}} | demospace = {{{demospace|}}} | text = {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}}kan '''lagu ma darin wax [[Wikipedia:Categorization|qaybaha]] ah'''. Fadlan ka caawi adigoo [[Wikipedia:Categorization FAQ#How do I add an article to a category?|ku daraya qaybo]] si loogu liis-gareeyo {{#ifeq: {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}} | category | qaybo | {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}} }} la mid ah<includeonly>{{Main other|{{yesno|{{{stub|no}}}|yes=, marka laga reebo qaybta dhuudhaabiga (stub)|no={{Stub other|, marka laga reebo qaybta dhuudhaabiga (stub)}}}}}}</includeonly>. {{#if:{{{date|}}}|<small>''({{{date}}})''</small>}} | smalltext = {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}}kan lagu ma darin wax [[Wikipedia:Categorization|qaybaha]] ah. }}<includeonly>{{Sandbox other||{{DMCFACT|Uncategorized|from|{{{date|}}}|Dhammaan bogagga aan la qaybin|Bogagga aan la qaybin}}}}</includeonly>}} | user = 1 | draft = 1 | user talk = 1 | draft talk = 1 | other = 2 }}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, waad mahadsan tahay! --></noinclude> b9kgir9gkxr8cs22ihyyytq97dheovl 10 52889 309030 2026-09-22T20:55:49Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Improve categories}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hagaaji qaybaha | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | class = ambox-cat_improve | image = [[File:Wiki letter w.svg|50x40px]] | issue = {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}}kan '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Categorization|qaybo]] dheeraad ah ama ah kuwo sii gaar ah u qeexan'''. | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULL... 309030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Improve categories}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hagaaji qaybaha | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | class = ambox-cat_improve | image = [[File:Wiki letter w.svg|50x40px]] | issue = {{Pagetype|subjectspace=yes}}kan '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Categorization|qaybo]] dheeraad ah ama ah kuwo sii gaar ah u qeexan'''. | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} ka caawi] adigoo [[Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#How do I add an article to a category?|ku daraya qaybo]] si loogu liis-gareeyo maqaallada la mid ah. | talk = {{{talk|}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan qaybaha dheeraadka ah }}<!--{{Improve categories}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 7wno0fxrj300ajcoyqc5cxo6wbir9ej 10 52890 309031 2026-09-22T20:56:24Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Recategorize}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Dib u qaybi | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue = Maqaalkani wuxuu u muuqdaa inuu [[WP:DIFFUSE|ku jiro labada qaybood ee la faafiyo iyo kuwa hoosaadkooda labadaba]], ama wuxuu ku jiraa '''[[WP:CATS|qaybo]] aad u badan''', waxaana laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo [[Wikipedia:Cleanup|nadiifin]]. | fix = Fadl... 309031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Recategorize}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Dib u qaybi | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue = Maqaalkani wuxuu u muuqdaa inuu [[WP:DIFFUSE|ku jiro labada qaybood ee la faafiyo iyo kuwa hoosaadkooda labadaba]], ama wuxuu ku jiraa '''[[WP:CATS|qaybo]] aad u badan''', waxaana laga yaabaa inuu u baahdo [[Wikipedia:Cleanup|nadiifin]]. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo boggan] si loo xaqiijiyo inay qaybihiisu habboon yihiin oo ay buuxiyaan [[WP:STYLE|halbeegyada tayada]] Wikipedia. | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Qaybo aad u badan }}<!--{{Recategorize}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> fkq1yjjh12nkojc6q4ue7njfx1rmio6 10 52891 309032 2026-09-22T20:57:14Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Underlinked}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xiriiriyo gaaban | type = style | image = [[File:Ambox wikify.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriyo dheeraad ah oo ku socda maqaallada kale]] si uu gacan uga geysto [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking#Principles|sidii loogu dhex dari lahaa encyclopedia-ga]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{... 309032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ safesubst:<noinclude/>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Underlinked}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xiriiriyo gaaban | type = style | image = [[File:Ambox wikify.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking|xiriiriyo dheeraad ah oo ku socda maqaallada kale]] si uu gacan uga geysto [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking#Principles|sidii loogu dhex dari lahaa encyclopedia-ga]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo ku daraya xiriiriyo [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking#Overlinking and underlinking|oo khuseeya macnaha guud]] ee ku dhex jira qoraalka hadda jira. | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada leh xiriiriyo wiki oo aad u yar | all = Dhammaan maqaallada leh xiriiriyo wiki oo aad u yar | cat2 = Maqaallada ay daboolayso WikiProject Wikify | all2 = Dhammaan maqaallada ay daboolayso WikiProject Wikify }}<!--{{Underlinked}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> fpu74jsss50wnl980kz4sf5byxc3cod 10 52892 309033 2026-09-22T20:59:58Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{More citations needed|section | name = More citations needed section | find = {{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find|}}}|none}} | find2 = {{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 309033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{More citations needed|section | name = More citations needed section | find = {{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find|}}}|none}} | find2 = {{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> gk9x0slyui5qbamc5m5l18l55mzg7uh 10 52893 309034 2026-09-22T21:00:37Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Ma jiro warbixin muhiim ah oo dhammaystiran}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Unreferenced | small = {{{small|}}} | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''ma xigashaynayo wax [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|ilo xigasho ah]] oo ka kooban [[Wikipedia:SIGCOV|warbixin muhiim ah oo dhammaystiran]]'''.... 309034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Ma jiro warbixin muhiim ah oo dhammaystiran}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Unreferenced | small = {{{small|}}} | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''ma xigashaynayo wax [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|ilo xigasho ah]] oo ka kooban [[Wikipedia:SIGCOV|warbixin muhiim ah oo dhammaystiran]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo {{{1|maqaalkan}}}] adigoo [[Help:Referencing for beginners|ku daraya xigashooyin ilo wata warbixin muhiim ah oo dhammaystiran]].{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}<!-- -->}} | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin ilo xigasho oo wata warbixin muhiim ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin ilo xigasho oo wata warbixin muhiim ah }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 3gki1dw9d2d24q5nrl1jbj7a5piphpa 10 52894 309035 2026-09-22T21:01:19Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Religious text primary}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Qoraal diini ah oo aasaasi ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu adeegsadaa [[religious text|qoraallo ka yimid diin dhexdeeda ama nidaam iimaan]]''' iyadoon la tixraacin [[WP:PSTS|ilo labaad (secondary sources)]] oo si dhab ah u lafa-guraaya. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAM... 309035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Religious text primary}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Qoraal diini ah oo aasaasi ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu adeegsadaa [[religious text|qoraallo ka yimid diin dhexdeeda ama nidaam iimaan]]''' iyadoon la tixraacin [[WP:PSTS|ilo labaad (secondary sources)]] oo si dhab ah u lafa-guraaya. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan]. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada {{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|section|u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah|ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada {{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|section|u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah|ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo}} | cat2 = Maqaallada u baahan aragtiyo dheeraad ah | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Religious text primary}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} [[Category:Citation and verifiability maintenance templates|Religious text primary]] </noinclude> 8w6cvn6k8f7km5eny9lfh6n1sbcd6b5 10 52895 309036 2026-09-22T21:02:04Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Excessive citations}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xigashooyin xad-dhaaf ah | type = style | small = {{{small|}}} | class = ambox-citation_style | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|tixraacyo tiro badan oo xad-dhaaf ah]]'''. {{#if:{{{details|}}}|Faahfaahinta la bixiyay waa: '''{{Terminate sentence|{{{details}}}}}'''}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullur... 309036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Excessive citations}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xigashooyin xad-dhaaf ah | type = style | small = {{{small|}}} | class = ambox-citation_style | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Citation overkill|tixraacyo tiro badan oo xad-dhaaf ah]]'''. {{#if:{{{details|}}}|Faahfaahinta la bixiyay waa: '''{{Terminate sentence|{{{details}}}}}'''}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo] adigoo [[Wikipedia:Citation_overkill#How_to_trim_excessive_citations|tirtiraya tixraacyada tayadoodu hooseyso ama aan khusayn]] ama dib u habayn ku sameeya. | cat = Nadiifinta tixraacyada Wikipedia | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan nadiifinta tixraacyada | cat2 = Maqaallada ay daboolayso WikiProject Wikify | all2 = Dhammaan maqaallada ay daboolayso WikiProject Wikify | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Excessive citations}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, hana ku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> 93bg68e3ojxj7c5822sisa6hkpi09ta 10 52896 309037 2026-09-22T21:02:41Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Further reading cleanup}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Nadiifinta akhriska dheeraadka ah | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue= Qaybtan "[[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout#Further_reading|akhriska dheeraadka ah]]" '''waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato nadiifin'''. | fix = Fadlan akhri [[Wikipedia:Further reading|hagaha wax-ka-beddelka]] oo ka caawi in la h... 309037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Further reading cleanup}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Nadiifinta akhriska dheeraadka ah | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue= Qaybtan "[[Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout#Further_reading|akhriska dheeraadka ah]]" '''waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato nadiifin'''. | fix = Fadlan akhri [[Wikipedia:Further reading|hagaha wax-ka-beddelka]] oo ka caawi in la hagaajiyo qaybtan. | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Nadiifinta akhriska dheeraadka ah ee Wikipedia | all2 = {{#if:{{{1|}}}|Template-yada nadiifinta akhriska dheeraadka ah ee wata lambarka 1}} |removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Further reading cleanup}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 1arnoisbnii3ijxxv63853jzwsuem7u 10 52897 309038 2026-09-22T21:03:15Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo madax bannaan | type = content | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu si xad-dhaaf ah ugu tiirsanaado ilo [[WP:NIS|si dhow u la xiriira mowduuca]]''', taas oo laga yaabaa inay ka hortagto inuu noqdo mid [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|la xaqiijin karo]] oo [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|dhex-dhexaad ah]] boqolkiiba boqol. |... 309038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{<includeonly>safesubst:</includeonly>#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo madax bannaan | type = content | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu si xad-dhaaf ah ugu tiirsanaado ilo [[WP:NIS|si dhow u la xiriira mowduuca]]''', taas oo laga yaabaa inay ka hortagto inuu noqdo mid [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|la xaqiijin karo]] oo [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|dhex-dhexaad ah]] boqolkiiba boqol. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo ku beddelaya ilahaas [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyo]] ku habboon oo la xiriira [[Wikipedia:Independent sources|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax-bannaan]]. {{#if:{{{2|}}}|Isha laga murmayo waa: {{{2}}}.}} | date = {{{date|}}} |removalnotice = yes }}{{DMCA|Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo|from|{{{date|}}}|Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 34iovhou1brhk4a0srfg4982uu1ekz7 10 52898 309039 2026-09-22T21:05:00Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Hal il xigasho | type = content | class = ambox-one_source | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{text|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Articles with a single source|hal il xigasho oo keliya]]'''.}}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|in la hagaajiyo {{{1|maqaalkan}}}]] adigoo Help:Referencing for beginners|ku daraya x... 309039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Hal il xigasho | type = content | class = ambox-one_source | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{text|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Articles with a single source|hal il xigasho oo keliya]]'''.}}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [[Special:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|in la hagaajiyo {{{1|maqaalkan}}}]] adigoo [[Help:Referencing for beginners|ku daraya xigashooyin ilo kale oo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Agabka aan la xigashayn waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|laga saari karaa]].{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}<!-- -->}} | removalnotice = yes | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah }} }}<noinclude> <!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc, waad mahadsan tahay --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> ly0wtxgek33g68qhnirplaxat3m60fw 10 52899 309040 2026-09-22T21:05:27Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{One source | 1 = section | name = One source section | find = {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|none}} | find2 = {{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 309040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{One source | 1 = section | name = One source section | find = {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|none}} | find2 = {{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> pf85erzg5l2dauqw0o3a6886o9e392d 10 52900 309041 2026-09-22T21:06:02Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo aasaasi ah oo keliya | type = content | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{#ifeq: {{{1|}}} | section | Qaybtan | {{#ifeq: {{NAMESPACE}} | | Maqaalkan | Boggan}} }} '''waxay tixraacaysaa ilo aasaasi ah (primary sources) oo keliya'''. | fix = Fadlan hagaaji {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}} ee{{sp}}|}}maqaalka taariikh-nololeedka|{{{1|maqaalkan}}}}} adigoo ku daraya... 309041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo aasaasi ah oo keliya | type = content | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{#ifeq: {{{1|}}} | section | Qaybtan | {{#ifeq: {{NAMESPACE}} | | Maqaalkan | Boggan}} }} '''waxay tixraacaysaa ilo aasaasi ah (primary sources) oo keliya'''. | fix = Fadlan hagaaji {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}} ee{{sp}}|}}maqaalka taariikh-nololeedka|{{{1|maqaalkan}}}}} adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilo labaad ama saddexaad (secondary or tertiary sources)]]. Agabka aan la xigashayn waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|laga saari karaa]]. {{#ifeq:{{{BLP}}}|yes |Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh. }}{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha waxaa la geliyaa bogga hoosaadka /doc, halka interwikis-kana lagu daro Wikidata. --> </noinclude> nzox4u6y24v87u5pdjalk993z16nwlx 10 52901 309042 2026-09-22T21:06:40Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Self-published}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Loo daabacay si madax-bannaan | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-self-published | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay tixraacyo xad-dhaaf ah ama aan habboonayn oo ku saabsan [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published sources|ilo la isku daabacay]]'''. {{#if:{{{2|}}}|Isha laga murmayo waa: {{... 309042 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Self-published}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Loo daabacay si madax-bannaan | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-self-published | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay tixraacyo xad-dhaaf ah ama aan habboonayn oo ku saabsan [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published sources|ilo la isku daabacay]]'''. {{#if:{{{2|}}}|Isha laga murmayo waa: {{{2}}}.}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo] adigoo tirtiraya tixraacyada ku socda [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo]] aan lagu kalsoonaan karin halka si khaldan loogu adeegsaday. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada wata ilo la isku daabacay | all = Dhammaan maqaallada wata ilo la isku daabacay |removalnotice= yes }}<!--{{Self-published}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 0h0uu20yoxgr9nmsed061po94z9ona8 10 52902 309043 2026-09-22T21:07:12Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <!--{{Self-reference}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Tixraac-nafeed (Self-reference) | type = style | issue = {{{section|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}} }}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Self-references to avoid|tixraacyo-nafeed aan habboonayn]] oo ku socda mashruuca Wikipedia ama naftiisa'''. | fix = Fadl... 309043 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--{{Self-reference}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Tixraac-nafeed (Self-reference) | type = style | issue = {{{section|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}} }}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Self-references to avoid|tixraacyo-nafeed aan habboonayn]] oo ku socda mashruuca Wikipedia ama naftiisa'''. | fix = Fadlan xalliso dhibaatada adigoo tirtiraya tixraacyada ku socda Wikipedia ama maqaalka oo ah dukumienti ahaan. {{#if:{{{talk|}}}|Faahfaahin ka eeg [[{{NAMESPACE}} talk:{{PAGENAME}}#{{{talk}}}|bogga wadahadalka]].}} | date = {{{date|}}} }}{{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}||Talk=[[Category:Articles containing self-references]]|}}<!--{{Self-reference}} end--><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> n3uarqzuyztluu9qgql5nlas8zgik60 309044 309043 2026-09-22T21:07:53Z Isma4l 41797 309044 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--{{Self-reference}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Tixraac-nafeed (Self-reference) | type = style | issue = {{{section|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}} }}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Self-references to avoid|tixraacyo naftiisa aan habboonayn]] oo ku socda mashruuca Wikipedia ama naftiisa'''. | fix = Fadlan xalliso dhibaatada adigoo tirtiraya tixraacyada ku socda Wikipedia ama maqaalka oo ah dukumienti ahaan. {{#if:{{{talk|}}}|Faahfaahin ka eeg [[{{NAMESPACE}} talk:{{PAGENAME}}#{{{talk}}}|bogga wadahadalka]].}} | date = {{{date|}}} }}{{#switch:{{NAMESPACE}}||Talk=[[Category:Articles containing self-references]]|}}<!--{{Self-reference}} end--><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> qnamxbs5wd2obv4bb4i5e3n06svvyej 10 52903 309045 2026-09-22T21:08:42Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Tusaale is-xigashaynaya}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | image = [[File:Ambox important.svg|50x40px|alt=|link=]] | smallimage = none | issue = Inta u dhaxaysa {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}kan|maqaalkan}} '''wuxuu bixinayaa Template:Self-sourcing examples#Se... 309045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Tusaale is-xigashaynaya}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | image = [[File:Ambox important.svg|50x40px|alt=|link=]] | smallimage = none | issue = Inta u dhaxaysa {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}kan|maqaalkan}} '''wuxuu bixinayaa [[Template:Self-sourcing examples#Self-sourcing_examples|tusaalayaal dhaqanka caanka ah oo is-xigashaynaya]]''' kuwaas oo muhiimaddoodu aanay ahayn mid [[Wikipedia:Writing better articles#Provide context for the reader|la xaqiijin karo ama macno leh marka la eego macnaha guud ee mawduuca ugu weyn]]. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}kan|maqaalkan}}] adigoo [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|ku daraya xigashooyin ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] oo tirtiraya tusaalayaasha aan sida weyn u khusayn. Agabka [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|aan la xigashayn]] ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | removalnotice = yes | talk = {{{talk|}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah }}<!--{{Refexample}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, waad mahadsan tahay --> </noinclude> aw4fx4h0k2smkym1lln81saudtuyi98 10 52904 309046 2026-09-22T21:09:39Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Self-sourcing examples|section | name = Refexample section | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 309046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Self-sourcing examples|section | name = Refexample section | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> cl1p4m0j92wrnihbmipn7642zomq3le 10 52905 309047 2026-09-22T21:10:10Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Sources exist}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Ilaha waa ay jiraan | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = Tafatiraha ayaa go'aamiyay in'''[[WP:NEXIST|ay jiraan ilo ku filan]]''' si loo suurtogeliyo [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}}... 309047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Sources exist}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Ilaha waa ay jiraan | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = Tafatiraha ayaa go'aamiyay in'''[[WP:NEXIST|ay jiraan ilo ku filan]]''' si loo suurtogeliyo [[WP:N|muhiimadda]] mawduuca. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo [[Help:Referencing for beginners|ku daraya xigashooyin ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Agabka aan la xigashayn waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa.{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}| <br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}} }} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Sources exist}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> f3dsmr1549ln7y4c1ct85r78sgxlv7u 10 52906 309048 2026-09-22T21:10:39Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Xiriirka qoraalka iyo isha}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | smallimage = none | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:CITEBUNDLE|tixraacyo isku xiran (bundled citations)]] oo leh WP:INTEGRITY|daacadnimo qoraal-ilaa-... 309048 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Xiriirka qoraalka iyo isha}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | smallimage = none | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:CITEBUNDLE|tixraacyo isku xiran (bundled citations)]] oo leh [[WP:INTEGRITY|daacadnimo qoraal-ilaa-isha oo liidata]].''' | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijinaya ilahiisa]], u dhoweynaya tixraacyada sheegashooyinka ay taageerayaan, isla markaana [[WP:SYNTH|tirtiraya isku-dubaridka asalka ah (original synthesis)]]. | removalnotice = yes | talk = {{{talk|}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan xaqiijin xaqiiqo ah | all = }}<!--{{Text-source}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, waad mahadsan tahay --> </noinclude> kcgd4wnvngc2y4sg6fx65v7h8829wyo 309049 309048 2026-09-22T21:11:21Z Isma4l 41797 309049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Xiriirka qoraalka iyo isha}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | smallimage = none | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:CITEBUNDLE|tixraacyo isku xiran]] oo leh [[WP:INTEGRITY|daacadnimo qoraal-ilaa-isha oo liidata]].''' | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo [[WP:VERIFY|xaqiijinaya ilahiisa]], u dhoweynaya tixraacyada sheegashooyinka ay taageerayaan, isla markaana [[WP:SYNTH|tirtiraya isku-dubaridka asalka ah ]]. | removalnotice = yes | talk = {{{talk|}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada Wikipedia ee u baahan xaqiijin xaqiiqo ah | all = }}<!--{{Text-source}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, waad mahadsan tahay --> </noinclude> to48izbm0mmp91q389nso3p39dv5r3t 10 52907 309050 2026-09-22T21:11:57Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Qayb aan la xigashayn}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu ka kooban yahay qaybo aan la xigashayn'''{{#if:{{{cat1|}}}|&nbsp;([[:Category:{{{cat1}}}]]{{#if:{{{cat2|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat3|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat2}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat3|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat4|}}}|,... 309050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Qayb aan la xigashayn}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu ka kooban yahay qaybo aan la xigashayn'''{{#if:{{{cat1|}}}|&nbsp;([[:Category:{{{cat1}}}]]{{#if:{{{cat2|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat3|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat2}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat3|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat4|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat3}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat4|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat5|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat4}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat5|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat6|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat5}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat6|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat7|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat6}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat7|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat8|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat7}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat8|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat9|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat8}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat9|}}}|{{#if:{{{cat10|}}}|,|&nbsp;iyo}} [[:Category:{{{cat9}}}]]}}{{#if:{{{cat10|}}}|&nbsp;iyo [[:Category:{{{cat10}}}]]}})}}. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo [[Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1|ku daraya xigashooyin ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Qaybaha aan la xigashayn waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|laga saari karaa]]. | talk = {{{talk|}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = {{Template other|<!-- Ma kala saari doono haddii lagu daro meel bannaan oo template ah -->|Maqaallada wata qaybo aan la xigashayn}} | all = {{Template other|<!-- Ma kala saari doono haddii lagu daro meel bannaan oo template ah -->|Dhammaan maqaallada wata qaybo aan la xigashayn}} | removalnotice = {{{help|yes}}} }} <!--{{Unreferenced category}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{documentation}}<!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc --> </noinclude> m1vh2vg3rp3ok22y3ub2rdnpxefvio0 10 52908 309051 2026-09-22T21:12:32Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Unreliable sources}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Ilo aan lagu kalsoonaan karin | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | small = {{{small|}}} | class = ambox-unreliable_sources | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px]] | issue = {{yesno|{{{some|yes}}}|yes=Qaar ka mid ah|no=Dhammaan}} [[Wikipedia:citing sources|ilaha ku xusan]] {{{1|maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga... 309051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Unreliable sources}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Ilo aan lagu kalsoonaan karin | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | small = {{{small|}}} | class = ambox-unreliable_sources | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px]] | issue = {{yesno|{{{some|yes}}}|yes=Qaar ka mid ah|no=Dhammaan}} [[Wikipedia:citing sources|ilaha ku xusan]] {{{1|maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan ahayn kuwo [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|lagu kalsoonaan karo]]'''. {{#ifeq:{{{imdb|}}}|yes|Waxaa ku jira tixraac ku socda IMDb, kaas oo aan noqon karin il lagu kalsoon yahay oo laga helo macluumaadka.}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan adigoo raadinaya ilo ka fiican, isla markaana ka sii lagu kalsoonaan karo. Tixraacyada aan lagu kalsoonaan karin waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo |removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Unreliable sources}} end--> }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> pr07p5gkb84a1lg5dl0eh48yidvugt3 10 52909 309052 2026-09-22T21:13:12Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{User-generated}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Agab ay isticmaaleyaashu soo saareen | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-self-published | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay tixraacyo aan habboonayn oo ku saabsan [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources#User-generated content|agabka ay isticmaaleyaashu soo saareen]]'''. {{#if:{{{2|}}}|Isha laga murm... 309052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{User-generated}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Agab ay isticmaaleyaashu soo saareen | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-self-published | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay tixraacyo aan habboonayn oo ku saabsan [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources#User-generated content|agabka ay isticmaaleyaashu soo saareen]]'''. {{#if:{{{2|}}}|Isha laga murmayo waa: {{{2}}}.}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo] adigoo tirtiraya tixraacyada ku socda [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo aan lagu kalsoonaan karin]], halka si [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published sources|aan habboonayn loogu isticmaalay]], isla markaana ku beddelaya tixraacyo ku socda ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Agabka aan si habboon loo [[WP:verifiable|xaqiijin karin]] waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo }}<!--{{Self-published}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> m72ie9cfdmbjh2hfjjdtbadnt8268es 10 52910 309053 2026-09-22T21:13:52Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{User other|__NOINDEX__|{{Ambox | name = {{{name|Taariikh-nololeedka qof nool oo aan la xigashayn}}} | subst= {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | type = content | class= ambox-BLP_unsourced | issue= {{{prefix|}}} [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh-nololeedkan qofka nool]] '''ma leexinayso / ma jirto wax [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraoc ama ilo ah]] oo ku... 309053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{User other|__NOINDEX__|{{Ambox | name = {{{name|Taariikh-nololeedka qof nool oo aan la xigashayn}}} | subst= {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | type = content | class= ambox-BLP_unsourced | issue= {{{prefix|}}} [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh-nololeedkan qofka nool]] '''ma leexinayso / ma jirto wax [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraoc ama ilo ah]] oo ku jira'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh.{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}<!-- -->}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = {{{cat|Unreferenced BLPs}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | all = {{{all|All unreferenced BLPs}}} | all2 = Dhammaan maqaallada BLP ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha }}}} }}<!-- Template:BLP unreferenced --><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> fgdvkxpxqoyv35mphap73cn8phzo2fq 309054 309053 2026-09-22T21:14:38Z Isma4l 41797 309054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{User other|__NOINDEX__|{{Ambox | name = {{{name|Taariikh-nololeedka qof nool oo aan la xigashayn}}} | subst= {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | type = content | class= ambox-BLP_unsourced | issue= {{{prefix|}}} [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh-nololeedkan qofka nool]] '''ma leexinayso ma jirto wax [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraoc ama ilo ah]] oo ku jira'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh.{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}<!-- -->}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = {{{cat|Unreferenced BLPs}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | all = {{{all|All unreferenced BLPs}}} | all2 = Dhammaan maqaallada BLP ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha }}}} }}<!-- Template:BLP unreferenced --><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> btvb5g6jjeah75obhdk4y4sw5w5hf04 10 52911 309055 2026-09-22T21:15:28Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan BLP | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | sect = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh-nololeedka qofka nool]] | issue = '''wuxuu aad ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|tixraacyada]] ku aaddan Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons#Misuse of primary sources|ilaha aasaasi... 309055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan BLP | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | sect = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh-nololeedka qofka nool]] | issue = '''wuxuu aad ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|tixraacyada]] ku aaddan [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons#Misuse of primary sources|ilaha aasaasiga ah (primary sources)]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilo labaad ama saddexaad (secondary or tertiary sources)]]. Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh.{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | cat2 = Maqaallada BLP ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 96tijisiswkhcz7a9t9v0kizedz0acq 309056 309055 2026-09-22T21:15:44Z Isma4l 41797 309056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan BLP | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | sect = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh-nololeedka qofka nool]] | issue = '''wuxuu aad ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|tixraacyada]] ku aaddan [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons#Misuse of primary sources|ilaha aasaasiga ah]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilo labaad ama saddexaad (secondary or tertiary sources)]]. Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh.{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | cat2 = Maqaallada BLP ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 8zc9hwdq1zes29y26ot1r11uqh85ltt 309057 309056 2026-09-22T21:16:02Z Isma4l 41797 309057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Ilo aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan BLP | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | sect = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|taariikh-nololeedka qofka nool]] | issue = '''wuxuu aad ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|tixraacyada]] ku aaddan [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons#Misuse of primary sources|ilaha aasaasiga ah]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilo labaad ama saddexaad ]]. Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh.{{#if:{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}|<!-- --><br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{{find}}}|.}}|{{{find2|{{{unquoted|}}}}}}}}</small><!-- --> |{{#if:{{{find|}}}|{{#ifeq: {{{find|}}} |none ||<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}}}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | cat2 = Maqaallada BLP ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 7wn4b6046jwq72utmdtkjyf9ko4csvy 10 52912 309058 2026-09-22T21:16:46Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{BLP self-published}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = BLP la isku daabacay | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|Taariikh-nololeedkan qofka nool]] '''wuxuu si buuxda ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published and questionable sources as sources on themselves|ilo la isku daabacay oo iyaga ah]]'''... 309058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{BLP self-published}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = BLP la isku daabacay | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|Taariikh-nololeedkan qofka nool]] '''wuxuu si buuxda ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published and questionable sources as sources on themselves|ilo la isku daabacay oo iyaga ah]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo madax-bannaan]]. Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh.{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if:{{{find|}}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}} | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo |removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{BLP self-published}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha ku dar bogga hoosaadka /doc iyo interwikis-ka wikidata, ee ha ku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> gnmo261782zjh7iwqsquzybse8ruj2a 10 52913 309059 2026-09-22T21:17:43Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{BLP sources |name=BLP sources section |prefix=section of a |date={{{date|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 309059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{BLP sources |name=BLP sources section |prefix=section of a |date={{{date|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> bxjjj78lmi9f7zu3o2wi90atwretr9v 10 52914 309060 2026-09-22T21:18:07Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{No footnotes | date = {{{date|}}} | BLP = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} {{Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates}} </noinclude> 309060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{No footnotes | date = {{{date|}}} | BLP = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} {{Citation and verifiability article maintenance templates}} </noinclude> 8pyu1ancyu61p5swz7bkf9izef1u57b 309061 309060 2026-09-22T21:18:20Z Isma4l 41797 309061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{No footnotes | date = {{{date|}}} | BLP = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> no01ldc0m81aekkxl54zfdllzut4xjj 10 52915 309062 2026-09-22T21:18:42Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{More footnotes | date = {{{date|}}} | BLP = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 309062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{More footnotes | date = {{{date|}}} | BLP = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> fbse8nob6no6ecuqvo7ba7dj8n5b6ov 10 52916 309063 2026-09-22T21:19:31Z Isma4l 41797 Bog loo bedeley [[Template:More footnotes needed]] 309063 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Template:More footnotes needed]] sy7g833dlpe1gbefybd7n7vflm55dng 10 52917 309064 2026-09-22T21:20:07Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{BLP one source}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = BLP hal il xigasho | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-BLP_one_source | issue = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|Taariikh-nololeedkan qofka nool]] '''wuxuu si weyn ama si buuxda ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Articles with a single source|hal il xigasho oo keliya]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya Wiki... 309064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{BLP one source}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = BLP hal il xigasho | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-BLP_one_source | issue = [[Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|Taariikh-nololeedkan qofka nool]] '''wuxuu si weyn ama si buuxda ugu tiirsan yahay [[Wikipedia:Articles with a single source|hal il xigasho oo keliya]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka caawi adigoo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Agabka muranka dhaliya ee ku saabsan dadka nool ee aan la xigashayn ama si xun loo xigashay '''Waa in si degdeg ah loo tirtiraa''', gaar ahaan haddii uu suurtogal yahay mid [[Wikipedia:Libel|sumcad-dil ah]] ama waxyeelo leh.{{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#if:{{{find|}}}|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace|{{{find}}} }}</small>|<br /><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small>}} | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes | cat = Maqaallada BLP ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha | all = Dhammaan maqaallada BLP ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha }}<!--{{BLP one source}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{doc}}</noinclude> du47uqnich8j3qyxhcw6zb5n0y4dtm2 10 52918 309065 2026-09-22T21:20:45Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Local}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Deegaanka maxalliga ah | type = style | issue = ku saabsan goob xiiso leh oo maxalli ah '''waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato macluumaad dheeraad ah oo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|la xaqiijin karo]] si loo caddeeyo in goob... 309065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Local}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Deegaanka maxalliga ah | type = style | issue = ku saabsan goob xiiso leh oo maxalli ah '''waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato macluumaad dheeraad ah oo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|la xaqiijin karo]] si loo caddeeyo in goobtu ay tahay mid [[Wikipedia:Notability|muhiim ah]]'''. | fix = Fadlan dib u eeg [[Wikipedia:Places] |hage-qoraalka]] oo ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalka]. | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes | sect = {{#ifeq:{{yesno|def=|1={{{sect|{{{section}}}}}} }}|yes|qaybtan|{{{sect|{{{section|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} }} | small = {{#if:{{{sect|{{{section|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{small|{{{left|}}}}}}|left}} }} }}<includeonly>{{main other|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{category|}}}}}|no||{{{category|[[Category:Places of local interest needing cleanup]]}}}}}}}</includeonly><!--{{Local}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> dntr1zj0y1ax8kiqa5ltw49jnycmz06 309066 309065 2026-09-22T21:20:57Z Isma4l 41797 309066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Local}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Deegaanka maxalliga ah | type = style | issue = ku saabsan goob xiiso leh oo maxalli ah '''waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato macluumaad dheeraad ah oo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|la xaqiijin karo]] si loo caddeeyo in goobtu ay tahay mid [[Wikipedia:Notability|muhiim ah]]'''. | fix = Fadlan dib u eeg [[Wikipedia:Places|hage-qoraalka]] oo ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalka]. | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes | sect = {{#ifeq:{{yesno|def=|1={{{sect|{{{section}}}}}} }}|yes|qaybtan|{{{sect|{{{section|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} }} | small = {{#if:{{{sect|{{{section|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}|{{#if:{{{small|{{{left|}}}}}}|left}} }} }}<includeonly>{{main other|{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{category|}}}}}|no||{{{category|[[Category:Places of local interest needing cleanup]]}}}}}}}</includeonly><!--{{Local}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> t39m8m5hsfq6c7gx6jug0qcpjfoamb6 10 52919 309067 2026-09-22T21:21:39Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst|| date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = Horumarinta xigashada IMDb ee filimada | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:IMDB Logo 2016.svg|40x40px|alt=|link=]] | issue = '''Maqaalkan warbaahintu wuxuu isticmaalaa [[IMDb]] si uu u [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijiyo]] macluumaadka.''' | fix = IMDb Wikipedia:Citing IMDb|ayaa laga yaabaa inaysan ahayn il lagu k... 309067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst|| date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = Horumarinta xigashada IMDb ee filimada | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:IMDB Logo 2016.svg|40x40px|alt=|link=]] | issue = '''Maqaalkan warbaahintu wuxuu isticmaalaa [[IMDb]] si uu u [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijiyo]] macluumaadka.''' | fix = IMDb [[Wikipedia:Citing IMDb|ayaa laga yaabaa inaysan ahayn il lagu kalsoonaan karo]] macluumaadka aflaamta iyo telefishanka, badanaana waxaa loo adeegsadaa oo keliya [[WP:External links|xiriiriye dibadda ah]]. Fadlan ka caawi adigoo IMDb ku beddelaya [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo saddexaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Agabka aan la xigashayn waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | all2 = Dhammaan maqaallada ay IMDb u tahay il xigasho | cat2 = Maqaallada laga soo xigtay {{#ifeq:{{{only|}}}|yes|oo keliya}} IMDb | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> hzrzro6dxbh0vqtgwo31h6nh5gir1rc 10 52920 309068 2026-09-22T21:22:12Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Tixraacyo caafimaad oo loo baahan yahay | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Star of life.svg|45px|link=|alt=]] | issue = Intan {{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|section|qaybtan|maqaalkan}} '''waxay u baahan tahay Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad oo dheer... 309068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Tixraacyo caafimaad oo loo baahan yahay | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Star of life.svg|45px|link=|alt=]] | issue = Intan {{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|section|qaybtan|maqaalkan}} '''waxay u baahan tahay [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad oo dheeraad ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] si loo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijiyo]] ama waxay aad ugu tiirsan tahay [[Wikipedia:Primary sources|ilo aasaasi ah]]'''{{#if:{{{reason|{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|section||{{{1|}}}}}}}}|, gaar ahaan: {{{reason|{{{1}}}}}}}}. | fix = Fadlan dib u eeg waxyaabaha ku jira {{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|section|qaybtan|maqaalkan}} oo [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} ku dar tixraacyada habboon] haddii aad awooddo. Agabka aan la xigashayn ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|laga saari karaa]]. <small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small> | talk = {{{talk|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | smalltext = Fadlan ku dar '''[[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad]]'''. | smallimage = [[File:Star of life.svg|10px|link=|alt=]] | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo caafimaad oo dheeraad ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah | all2 = Maqaallada u baahan ilo caafimaad oo lagu kalsoonaan karo |removal notice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha ku dar bogga hoosaadka /doc, interwikis-ka Wikidata, hana ku darin halkan --> </noinclude> dpfmj7zraghwau269f6v813l1yqazot 10 52921 309069 2026-09-22T21:22:55Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Horumarinta xigashada sayniska}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | image = [[file:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{1|maqaalkan sayniska}}} | issue = '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines|tixraacyo]] dheeraad ah oo loo raaco Wikipedia:Reliable sources#Scholarshi... 309069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Horumarinta xigashada sayniska}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | image = [[file:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{1|maqaalkan sayniska}}} | issue = '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines|tixraacyo]] dheeraad ah oo loo raaco [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources#Scholarship|ilo labaad ama saddexaad (secondary or tertiary sources)]]'''. | fix = Ka caawi in lagu daro ilo sida maqaallada dib-u-eegista (review articles), buug-yaraha cilmi-baarista (monographs), ama buug-gacmeedyada. Fadlan sidoo kale ceeji muhiimadda ay leedahay [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|maqaal kasta oo cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah (primary research)]] ee la soo xigtay. Agabka aan la xigashayn ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 4eaad9e2qi0vtsfhtg9t7r2lf2idvuz 309070 309069 2026-09-22T21:23:20Z Isma4l 41797 309070 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Horumarinta xigashada sayniska}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | image = [[file:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{1|maqaalkan sayniska}}} | issue = '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines|tixraacyo]] dheeraad ah oo loo raaco [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources#Scholarship|ilo labaad ama saddexaad ]]'''. | fix = Ka caawi in lagu daro ilo sida maqaallada dib-u-eegista (review articles), buug-yaraha cilmi-baarista (monographs), ama buug-gacmeedyada. Fadlan sidoo kale ceeji muhiimadda ay leedahay [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|maqaal kasta oo cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah]] ee la soo xigtay. Agabka aan la xigashayn ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> d25irt5vce8zsfg2rhsupuimblxwfdb 309071 309070 2026-09-22T21:23:44Z Isma4l 41797 309071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ambox | name = {{{name|Horumarinta xigashada sayniska}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{{subst|{{subst:substcheck}}}}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Primary_sources | image = [[file:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{1|maqaalkan sayniska}}} | issue = '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines|tixraacyo]] dheeraad ah oo loo raaco [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources#Scholarship|ilo labaad ama saddexaad ]]'''. | fix = Ka caawi in lagu daro ilo sida maqaallada dib-u-eegista buug-yaraha cilmi-baarista, ama buug-gacmeedyada. Fadlan sidoo kale ceeji muhiimadda ay leedahay [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|maqaal kasta oo cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah]] ee la soo xigtay. Agabka aan la xigashayn ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 4kw4q8k1x0871h4capz8fhkuan4qfdo 10 52922 309072 2026-09-22T21:24:23Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Neologism}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Erey cusub / Neologism | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu diiwaangeliyo [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary#Neologisms|erey cusub (neologism)]] ama [[protologism]] si uu u xayeysiiyo''' | fix = Fadlan ku dar Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo dheeraad ah o... 309072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Neologism}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Erey cusub / Neologism | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu diiwaangeliyo [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary#Neologisms|erey cusub (neologism)]] ama [[protologism]] si uu u xayeysiiyo''' | fix = Fadlan ku dar [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo dheeraad ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] si loo caddeeyo isticmaalkeeda hadda iyo saameynta uu ereygu ku leeyahay garoonkiisa. Haddii kale, tixgeli in [[Wikipedia:Moving_a_page|magaca loo beddelo]] ama la tirtiro {{{1|maqaalkan}}}. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada ku saabsan suurtagalnimada ereyo cusub | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Neologism}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> o5gz2itmd8apxrqh95efwuws6xdbh6y 309073 309072 2026-09-22T21:24:50Z Isma4l 41797 309073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Neologism}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Erey cusub / Neologism | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''waxaa laga yaabaa inuu diiwaangeliyo [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary#Neologisms|erey cusub ]] ama [[hab raaca]] si uu u xayeysiiyo''' | fix = Fadlan ku dar [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo dheeraad ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] si loo caddeeyo isticmaalkeeda hadda iyo saameynta uu ereygu ku leeyahay garoonkiisa. Haddii kale, tixgeli in [[Wikipedia:Moving_a_page|magaca loo beddelo]] ama la tirtiro {{{1|maqaalkan}}}. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada ku saabsan suurtagalnimada ereyo cusub | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Neologism}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 70yd8t92yh37wtv3nfounygi6fcqdn0 10 52923 309074 2026-09-22T21:25:38Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Sciencereview}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Dib-u-eegis saynis ah | type = content | image = [[Image:Ambox question.svg|40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu u akhrismaa sidii maqaal dib-u-eegis saynis ah waxaana laga yaabaa inuu ka koo... 309074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Sciencereview}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Dib-u-eegis saynis ah | type = content | image = [[Image:Ambox question.svg|40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu u akhrismaa sidii maqaal dib-u-eegis saynis ah waxaana laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|eex]] ama [[Wikipedia:No original research#Synthesis of published material|isku-dubarid aan dheeli tirnayn]] oo laga keenay [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilo aasaasi ah]].''' | fix = Fadlan ku beddel tixraacyada aasaasiga ah ee aan ku filnayn ilo labaad (secondary sources). Fiiri [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}#{{{talksection|Review}}}|bogga wadahadalka]] si aad u hesho faahfaahin. {{#if:{{{date|}}}|''({{{date}}})''|}} | removalnotice = yes }}{{DMCA|Articles that may contain original research|from|{{{date|}}}}}<!--{{Sciencereview}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha iyo inter-wikis-ka ku dar bogga hoosaadka /doc, ee haku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> hxlkr5wf73seceovnf0tdb4mntlro93 309075 309074 2026-09-22T21:25:55Z Isma4l 41797 309075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Sciencereview}} begin-->{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>NAMESPACE}}|<includeonly>[[Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</includeonly>|}}{{Ambox | name = Dib-u-eegis saynis ah | type = content | image = [[Image:Ambox question.svg|40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu u akhrismaa sidii maqaal dib-u-eegis saynis ah waxaana laga yaabaa inuu ka kooban yahay [[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|eex]] ama [[Wikipedia:No original research#Synthesis of published material|isku-dubarid aan dheeli tirnayn]] oo laga keenay [[Wikipedia:No original research#Primary, secondary and tertiary sources|ilo aasaasi ah]].''' | fix = Fadlan ku beddel tixraacyada aasaasiga ah ee aan ku filnayn ilo labaad . Fiiri [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}#{{{talksection|Review}}}|bogga wadahadalka]] si aad u hesho faahfaahin. {{#if:{{{date|}}}|''({{{date}}})''|}} | removalnotice = yes }}{{DMCA|Articles that may contain original research|from|{{{date|}}}}}<!--{{Sciencereview}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha iyo inter-wikis-ka ku dar bogga hoosaadka /doc, ee haku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> sehzp5qalwxn7lmeo3c6ml9nk7t98pw 10 52924 309076 2026-09-22T21:26:33Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!-- {{Unreferenced-law}} begin -->{{Ambox |name = Sharci aan la xigashayn | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | text = [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Law|Maqaalkan ku saabsan sharciga]] ee ah {{{1|maqaal}}} '''ma xigto [[{{SITENAME}}:Citing sources|tixraacyadiisa ama ilahiisa]].''' Waad caawin kartaa [[{{SITENAME}}:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check|Wikipedia]] adigoo ku daraya tixraacyo... 309076 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!-- {{Unreferenced-law}} begin -->{{Ambox |name = Sharci aan la xigashayn | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | text = [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Law|Maqaalkan ku saabsan sharciga]] ee ah {{{1|maqaal}}} '''ma xigto [[{{SITENAME}}:Citing sources|tixraacyadiisa ama ilahiisa]].''' Waad caawin kartaa [[{{SITENAME}}:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check|Wikipedia]] adigoo ku daraya tixraacyo habboon, kuwaas oo laga heli karo [[legal research|baarista sharciga]]. Agabka aan la xigashayn ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana la tirtiri karaa. | cat = Maqaallada {{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|section|u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah|ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha}} | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Dhammaan maqaallada {{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|section|u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah|ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha}} | all2 = Maqaallada ku saabsan sharciga ee ay ka maqan yihiin ilaha | removalnotice = yes }}<!-- {{Unreferenced-law}} end --> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka ku dar bogga hoosaadka /doc, ee haku darin halkan! --> </noinclude> foqcjdvz60xixdq6dmvm0a3mi8i460z 10 52925 309077 2026-09-22T21:27:08Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ ambox | name = Qayb caafimaad oo aan la xigashayn | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Rod of Asclepius2.svg|50x40px|class=skin-invert|alt=icon]] | issue = Qaybtani '''ma leexinayso / ma laha wax [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad ah]] loogu talagalay ... 309077 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ ambox | name = Qayb caafimaad oo aan la xigashayn | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Rod of Asclepius2.svg|50x40px|class=skin-invert|alt=icon]] | issue = Qaybtani '''ma leexinayso / ma laha wax [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad ah]] loogu talagalay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijinta]] ama waxay si gaar ah ugu tiirsan tahay ilo aan caafimaad ahayn{{#if:{{{reason|{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|section||{{{1|}}}}}}}}|, gaar ahaan: {{{reason|{{{1}}}}}}}}'''. | fix = Fadlan dib u eeg waxyaabaha ku jira qaybta oo [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} ku dar tixraacyada habboon] haddii aad awooddo. Agabka aan la xigashayn ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|laga saari karaa]]. | talk = {{{talk|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | smalltext = Fadlan ku dar '''[[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad]]'''. | smallimageright = [[file:Rod of asclepius.png|10px]] | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo caafimaad oo dheeraad ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} [[Category:Citation and verifiability maintenance templates]] </noinclude> dqq3xoo9ixg01rtebog4ct3x4s6xapu 309078 309077 2026-09-22T21:27:20Z Isma4l 41797 309078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{ ambox | name = Qayb caafimaad oo aan la xigashayn | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Rod of Asclepius2.svg|50x40px|class=skin-invert|alt=icon]] | issue = Qaybtani '''ma leexinayso ma laha wax [[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad ah]] loogu talagalay [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijinta]] ama waxay si gaar ah ugu tiirsan tahay ilo aan caafimaad ahayn{{#if:{{{reason|{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|section||{{{1|}}}}}}}}|, gaar ahaan: {{{reason|{{{1}}}}}}}}'''. | fix = Fadlan dib u eeg waxyaabaha ku jira qaybta oo [{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} ku dar tixraacyada habboon] haddii aad awooddo. Agabka aan la xigashayn ama si liidata loo xigashay waxaa lagu murmi karaa waana [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|laga saari karaa]]. | talk = {{{talk|}}} | small = {{{small|}}} | smalltext = Fadlan ku dar '''[[Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)|tixraacyo caafimaad]]'''. | smallimageright = [[file:Rod of asclepius.png|10px]] | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo caafimaad oo dheeraad ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada u baahan tixraacyo dheeraad ah | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} [[Category:Citation and verifiability maintenance templates]] </noinclude> 29go6y9tnmpb7xl07l7wapitkwlgzhs 10 52926 309079 2026-09-22T21:28:05Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{Template for merging/dated|page=Cite check|otherpage=Verify sources|link=Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2026 September 20#Template:Cite check|help=off|bigbox={{#invoke:Noinclude|noinclude|text=yes}}}} {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Cite check}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hubinta tixraaca | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]]... 309079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template for merging/dated|page=Cite check|otherpage=Verify sources|link=Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2026 September 20#Template:Cite check|help=off|bigbox={{#invoke:Noinclude|noinclude|text=yes}}}} {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Cite check}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hubinta tixraaca | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:CITE|tixraacyo]] aan laga yaabain inay [[WP:V|xaqiijiyaan]] qoraalka'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|Sababta la bixiyay waa: '''{{{reason}}}'''}} | fix = Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo] adigoo hubinaya khaladaadka tixraaca oo dib u soo xiganaya ama tirtiraya agabka guuldarraystay in la xaqiijiyo. | cat = Maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo | date = {{{date|}}} | removalnotice = yes | all = Dhammaan maqaallada ay ka maqan yihiin tixraacyo lagu kalsoonaan karo }}<!--{{Cite check}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha ku dar bogga hoosaadka /doc; interwikis-ka waxay aadaan Wikidata, waad mahadsantahay! --> </noinclude> ijvpqjg8e3yy7f70o0tc6qn1uhyufbn 10 52927 309080 2026-09-22T21:28:42Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||type= |page= |link= |help= |$B={{#ifeq:{{{bigbox|<noinclude>yes</noinclude>}}}|yes|{{#invoke:Message box|ombox |type = move |image = none |class = nomobile mbox-tfd |small = {{{small|no}}} |text = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|[[Help:Module|module-kan]]|[[Help:Template|template-kan]]}} waxaa '''laga fekerayaa in la midoobo [[{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|Module|Template}}:{{{otherpage}}}]].''' Fadlan arrintan kaga wadahadal [... 309080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||type= |page= |link= |help= |$B={{#ifeq:{{{bigbox|<noinclude>yes</noinclude>}}}|yes|{{#invoke:Message box|ombox |type = move |image = none |class = nomobile mbox-tfd |small = {{{small|no}}} |text = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|[[Help:Module|module-kan]]|[[Help:Template|template-kan]]}} waxaa '''laga fekerayaa in la midoobo [[{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|Module|Template}}:{{{otherpage}}}]].''' Fadlan arrintan kaga wadahadal [[{{{link}}}|'''boggan ku saabsan {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|module-kan|template-kan}}''']] ee meelaha loogu talagalay doodaha template-yada si loo gaaro isafgarad. {{#ifeq:{{{help}}}|off||---- ''<small class="plainlinks" style="line-height:1.3em;">[[Wikipedia:Maintenance|Hagaajin]] kaliya la isticmaalo:<br />1. [{{fullurl:{{{link}}}|action=edit&editintro=Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/editnotice&section=1}} Wax ka beddel diiwaanka TfD] si aad u abuurto gelitaanka doodda.<br />2. Fadlan tixgeli in aad ogeysiiso [{{fullurl:{{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=history}} qoraaga(asha)] adigoo gelinaya {{#invoke:Template link general|main|code=on|Tfmnotice|{{{page}}}|{{{otherpage}}}|subst=yes}} <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> boggooda/bogaggooda wadahadalka.</small>'' }}}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main | all = [[Category:Templates for merging]] | nocat = {{{nocat|{{#ifeq:{{Template:FULLBASEPAGENAME|{{FULLBASEPAGENAME}}}}|Template:Template for merging|true}}}}} | category2 = {{{category|¬}}} }}|{{#switch:{{lc:{{{type}}}}} |tiny = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><span class="noprint tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">[[{{{link}}}|‹Fiiri TfM›]]</span> |inline = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><span class="noprint tfd tfd-dated tfd-inline {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">‹[[Help:Template|Template-ka]] <i>[[Template:{{{page}}}|{{{page}}}]]</i> waxaa [[{{{link}}}|laga fekerayaa in la midoobo]].›</span>&nbsp; |infobox|box|sidebar = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks tfd tfd-dated tfd-sidebar {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">‹&nbsp;[[Help:Template|Template-ka]] ''[[Template:{{{page}}}|{{{page}}}]]'' waxaa [[{{{link}}}|laga fekerayaa in la midoobo]].&nbsp;›</div> |disabled = <noinclude><!-- Wax soo saar ma jiro --></noinclude> |#default = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks tfd tfd-dated tfd-default {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">‹&nbsp;Template-ka hoose (''[[Template:{{{page}}}|{{{page}}}]]'') waxaa la tixgelinayaa in la midoobo{{#if:{{{otherpage|}}}|&#32;iyadoo la raacinayo {{{otherpage|}}}}}. Fiiri [[{{{link}}}|doodaha template-yada]] si aad gacan uga geysatid gaaritaanka isafgarad.&nbsp;›</div> }}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> dkud853g8v8gxi0u0e3d7q8n95aqgbt 309083 309080 2026-09-22T21:34:01Z Isma4l 41797 309083 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||type= |page= |link= |help= |$B={{#ifeq:{{{bigbox|<noinclude>yes</noinclude>}}}|yes|{{#invoke:Message box|ombox |type = move |image = none |class = nomobile mbox-tfd |small = {{{small|no}}} |text = {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|[[Help:Module|Module-ka]]|[[Help:Template|Tusmada]]}}-kan '''waxaa laga fiirsanayaa in lagu midoobiyo [[{{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|Module|Template}}:{{{otherpage}}}]].''' Fadlan arrintan kaga wada hadla [[{{{link}}}|'''gelinta {{#ifeq:{{lc:{{{type}}}}}|module|module-ka|tusmadan}}''']] ee tusmooyinka laga wada hadlayo si loo gaaro is-afgarad. {{#ifeq:{{{help}}}|off||---- ''<small class="plainlinks" style="line-height:1.3em;">Isticmaalka dayactirka oo keliya:<br />1. [{{fullurl:{{{link}}}|action=edit&editintro=Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/editnotice&section=1}} Wax ka beddel diiwaanka TfD] si aad u abuurto gelinta wada hadalka.<br />2. Fadlan tixgeli inaad ogeysiiso [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=history}} qoraaga(qorayaasha)] adigoo ku dhejinaya {{#invoke:Template link general|main|code=on|Tfmnotice|{{{page}}}|{{{otherpage}}}|subst=yes}} <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> boggooda(boggagooda) hadalka.</small>'' }}}}{{#invoke:Category handler|main | all = [[Category:Templates for merging]] | nocat = {{{nocat|{{#ifeq:{{Template:FULLBASEPAGENAME|{{FULLBASEPAGENAME}}}}|Template:Template for merging|true}}}}} | category2 = {{{category|¬}}} }}|{{#switch:{{lc:{{{type}}}}} |tiny = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><span class="noprint tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">[[{{{link}}}|‹Eeg TfM›]]</span> |inline = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><span class="noprint tfd tfd-dated tfd-inline {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">‹[[Help:Template|Tusmada]] <i>[[Template:{{{page}}}|{{{page}}}]]</i> ayaa [[{{{link}}}|laga fiirsanayaa in la midoobiyo]].›</span>&nbsp; |infobox|box|sidebar = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks tfd tfd-dated tfd-sidebar {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">‹&nbsp;[[Help:Template|Tusmada]] ''[[Template:{{{page}}}|{{{page}}}]]'' ayaa [[{{{link}}}|laga fiirsanayaa in la midoobiyo]].&nbsp;›</div> |disabled = <noinclude><!-- Wax soo saar ma jiro --></noinclude> |#default = <templatestyles src="Template:Template for discussion/styles.css" /><div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks tfd tfd-dated tfd-default {{#ifeq:{{{dedup|}}}|no||tfd-dedup}}">‹&nbsp;[[Help:Template|Tusmada]] hoose (''[[Template:{{{page}}}|{{{page}}}]]'') ayaa laga fiirsanayaa in la midoobiyo{{#if:{{{otherpage|}}}|&#32;iyo {{{otherpage|}}}}}. Eeg [[{{{link}}}|tusmooyinka laga wada hadlayo]] si loo gaaro is-afgarad.&nbsp;›</div> }}}}}}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> rdfrqfk8rvgintqomyqeu6jryd7skpx 10 52928 309081 2026-09-22T21:29:15Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: /* {{pp-template|small=yes}} */ /* See [[Template:Tfd/dated]] and [[Template:Tfm/dated]] */ .tfd-dated { font-size: 85%; } .tfd-default { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); /* clear: both; probably over kill e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Disclosure_Day&oldid=1361448791#Critical_response */ text-align: center; } .tfd-tiny { font-weight: bold; } .tfd-inline { border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); } .tfd-sidebar {... 309081 sanitized-css text/css /* {{pp-template|small=yes}} */ /* See [[Template:Tfd/dated]] and [[Template:Tfm/dated]] */ .tfd-dated { font-size: 85%; } .tfd-default { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); /* clear: both; probably over kill e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Disclosure_Day&oldid=1361448791#Critical_response */ text-align: center; } .tfd-tiny { font-weight: bold; } .tfd-inline { border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); } .tfd-sidebar { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align: center; position: relative; font-size: 88%; } @media (min-width: 640px) { .tfd-sidebar { clear: right; float: right; width: 22em; } } /* Hide all but the first TFD notice in each paragraph */ :not(.mw-parser-output):not(.documentation) > .tfd-dedup ~ .tfd-dedup, :not(.mw-parser-output):not(.documentation) > .tfd-dedup ~ * .tfd-dedup { display: none; } jxnqdydhdw5woykdb1gxpy6h9aaiprf 0 52929 309082 2026-09-22T21:32:17Z LalileIl 47509 Shmuel Ben Ezra 309082 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Shmuel Ben Ezra | native_name = שמואל בן עזרא (Shmuel Ben Ezra) | native_name_lang = he | image = Shmuel Ben Ezra PM.png | caption = Shmuel Ben Ezra, 2026 | birth_date = 1973<br><small>ה'תשל"ג (5733 ee taariikhda Cibraaniga)</small> | birth_place = [[Qudus]], [[Israa'iil]] | children = 12 | known_for = {{Ubl | Horumarinta tiknoolajiyadda difaaca | Horumarinta nidaamyada gantaallada Arrow | La-talin siyaasadeed iyo amni | Rabi iyo caalim diinta [[Yuhuuda|Yuhuudda]] }} | education = {{Ubl | [[File:JCT Logo.png|30px]] Lev Academic Center | [[File:Hebrew University Logo.svg|15px]] Jaamacadda Cibraaniga ee Qudus | Jaamacadda Haifa | [[File:Tel Aviv university logo - Hebrew.png|25px]] Jaamacadda Tel Aviv | [[File:Semel Pum.svg|22px]] Kulliyadda Isku-dhafka ah ee Taliska iyo Shaqaalaha | [[File:Mabal pin.gif|22px]] Kulliyadda Amniga Qaranka }} | awards = {{Ubl | [[File:סמל צלש הרמטכל האות הטכנולוגי.png|28px]] Calaamadda Taliyaha Guud ee Ciidamada ee heer-sare dhinaca tiknoolajiyadda | [[File:Flag of Israel Navy Commander in Chief at Sea.svg|28px]] Abaalmarinta Taliyaha Ciidanka Badda ee fikirka hal-abuurka leh (×3) | [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|28px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil ee 2017, horumarinta nidaamka Arrow | [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|18px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|18px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|18px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] Abaalmarinnada Difaaca Israa'iil ee 2023, 2024 iyo 2025 — waxaa la siiyay waaxda Shin Bet ee uu madaxda ka ahaa }} | module = {{Infobox | child = yes | header1 = Madaxa 13aad ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Israa'iil | label2 = Xilka hayaa | data2 = 7 Juun 2026 – hadda | label3 = Ra'iisul wasaare | data3 = Benjamin Netanyahu | label4 = Waxa ka horreeyay | data4 = Gil Reich <small>(ku-sime)</small> | header5 = Adeegga amniga | label6 = U adeegay / Ka tirsan | data6 = {{Ubl | [[File:Badge of the Israel Defense Forces.svg|26px]] Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil<br>• [[File:IsraeliNavy.png|25px]] Ciidanka Badda Israa'iil | [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|22px]] Wasaaradda Difaaca Israa'iil<br>• [[File:Mafat Logo in Hebrew svg.svg|30px]] MAFAT | [[File:Flag of the Prime Minister of Israel.svg|26px]] Adeegga Ammaanka Guud ee Israa'iil (Shin Bet) | [[File:סמליל המטה לביטחון לאומי.png|38px]] Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Israa'iil }} | label7 = Darajada | data7 = [[File:IDF-Navy-10.png|25px]] [[File:IDF aluf.svg|25px]] '''Aluf''' (Sarreeye Gaas, darajo u dhiganta) | label8 = Jagooyinka adeegga | data8 = {{Ubl | Madaxa barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka gantaallada Arrow 3 | Madaxa Waaxda Nidaamyada Lakabka Sare ee Maamulka Homa | Madaxa Waaxda Tiknoolajiyadda, Hawlgallada Gaarka ah iyo Saybarka | [[File:Emblem of Israel alternative gold.svg|17px]] La-taliyaha amniga qaranka }} | label9 = Hawlgallada iyo dagaallada | data9 = {{Ubl | Khilaafka [[Iiraan]] iyo Israa'iil | Hawlgalkii Defensive Shield | [[File:Lebanon2ribon.svg|28px]] Dagaalkii Labaad ee Lubnaan | Hawlgalkii Cast Lead | Hawlgalkii Pillar of Defense | [[File:Protective Edge Opertion ribon.svg|28px]] Hawlgalkii Protective Edge | Dagaalkii Swords of [[Iron]] }} }} }} '''Shmuel Ben Ezra''' (Cibraani: '''שמואל בן עזרא''' (Shmuel Ben Ezra); dhashay 1973) waa la-taliyaha amniga qaranka iyo madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Dawladda [[Israa'iil]].<ref name="pmo-appointment">[https://www.gov.il/he/pages/spoke-appointment070626 הממשלה אישרה כעת פה אחד את החלטתו של ראש הממשלה בנימין נתניהו למנות את שמואל בן עזרא לתפקיד ראש המטה לביטחון לאומי (המל״ל) וליועץ ראש הממשלה לביטחון לאומי (Dawladda ayaa si wadajir ah u ansixisay go'aanka Ra'iisul Wasaare Benjamin Netanyahu ee ah in Shmuel Ben Ezra loo magacaabo madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka iyo la-taliyaha Ra'iisul Wasaaraha ee amniga qaranka)], Xafiiska Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil, 7 Juun 2026.</ref> Intii uu ka tirsanaa Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil iyo hay'adaha amniga Israa'iil, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay cilmi-baaris iyo horumarin, maaraynta mashaariicda iyo hoggaaminta cutubyo ciidan dhinacyo kala duwan ah, kuwa ugu caansanna waxaa ka mid ah gantaallada iyo ka-hortagga gantaallada, saybar iyo sirdoonka farsamada. Wuxuu madax ka ahaa barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka ka-hortagga Arrow, taas oo uu ku mutaystay Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil ee 2017.<ref name="srugim2017">[https://www.srugim.co.il/204210 כבוד למגזר: האל"מ הסרוג שזכה בפרס בטחון ישראל (Sharaf bulshada: Gaashaanle Sare kippah xidha ee ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil)], ''Srugim'', 6 Luulyo 2017.</ref> Wuxuu soo noqday madaxa waaxyaha hawlgallada gaarka ah, tiknoolajiyadda iyo saybarka ee Adeegga Ammaanka Guud ee Israa'iil (Shin Bet).<ref name="ynet-profile">Itamar Eichner, [https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/sjstmlolze מהנדס עטור פרסים, אך "מינוי קצת תמוה": מיהו ראש המל"ל החדש - שמואל בן עזרא (Injineer abaalmarinno badan haysta, balse “magacaabis wax yar la yaab leh”: waa kuma madaxa cusub ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka – Shmuel Ben Ezra?)], ''Ynet'', 2 Juun 2026.</ref> Waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa rabi iyo caalim Tawreed.<ref name="inn-rabbis">Dvir Amar, [https://www.inn.co.il/news/698015 ראש המל"ל החדש: תושב חומת שמואל ומקורב לרבנים (Madaxa cusub ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka: deggan Homat Shmuel oo xiriir dhow la leh rabbiyiinta)], ''Arutz 7'', 31 Maajo 2026.</ref> == Taariikh nololeed == Shmuel Ben Ezra wuxuu ku dhashay [[Qudus]] waxaana dhalay Naomi iyo Rabbi David, kuwaas oo u soo guuray [[Israa'iil]] iyagoo ka yimid [[Marooko]], wuxuuna ku koray magaalada caasimadda ah. === Waxbarasho === Dhallinyaranimadiisii, Ben Ezra waxaa loo oggolaaday inuu qabto xirfado dhaqameed oo Yuhuudi ah, sida ''mohel'',<ref name="ynet-profile" /> iyo ''sofer STaM'' (qoraa Yuhuudi ah oo si waafaqsan xeerarka diinta u qora duubabka Tawreed, tefillin iyo mezuzot).<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Waxbarashadiisa tacliimeed wuxuu ku qaatay shahaadada koowaad, isagoo helay maamuuska ugu sarreeya, ee injineernimada [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]] Dugsiga Sare ee Tiknoolajiyadda ee Qudus, oo markii dambe loo bixiyay Lev Academic Center, iyo shahaadada labaad ee [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]] Jaamacadda Cibraaniga ee Qudus.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Shahaadooyin labaad oo dheeraad ah ayuu, isagoo helay maamuuska ugu sarreeya, ku qaatay maamulka ganacsiga Jaamacadda Furan, iyo culuumta siyaasadda iyo amniga qaranka Jaamacadda Haifa, halkaas oo isaguna uu ku qalinjabiyay maamuuska ugu sarreeya.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Wuxuu sidoo kale ka qalinjabiyay koorsada agaasimayaasha ee maamulayaasha sare ee waaxda dadweynaha ee Jaamacadda Tel Aviv, wuxuuna ka qalinjabiyay Kulliyadda Amniga Qaranka isagoo ahaa ardaygii ugu sarreeyay ee dufcaddii 45-aad.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> === Adeegga Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil === Ben Ezra wuxuu adeeggiisa Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil ka bilaabay Ciidanka Badda Israa'iil.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Intii uu xilalka ka hayay ciidanka badda, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay cilmi-baaris iyo horumarin ku saabsan difaaca maraakiibta, wuxuuna madax ka ahaa koox ka tirsan cutub maraakiibeed. Sannadkii 2015 Ben Ezra waxaa loo magacaabay madaxa Waaxda Nidaamyada Lakabka Sare ee Maamulka Homa ee MAFAT.<ref name="srugim2017" /> Xilkaas wuxuu kaga mid ahaa kooxihii ka shaqaynayay horumarinta nidaamyada gantaallada iyo gantaallada ka-hortagga. Wuxuu ahaa injineerka nidaamka ee madaxa hagidda gantaalka "Arrow 3", dabadeedna waxaa loo dallacsiiyay inuu madax ka noqdo waaxda mas'uulka ka ah barnaamijyada horumarinta gantaallada ka-hortagga ee lakabka sare.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Xilkaas wuxuu hoggaamiyay barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka hubka "Arrow", oo ay ku jirto ikhtiraacii "Arrow 3", kaas oo ah lakabka ka-hortagga gantaallada ee ka baxsan jawiga dhulka ee nidaamka difaaca cirka ee Israa'iil. Tijaabooyinka nidaamka, oo lagu fuliyay Israa'iil iyo dibaddeeda — oo ay ka mid ahaayeen tijaabooyinkii Alaska ee 2019 — waxay heleen tebinta ballaaran ee warbaahinta.<ref name="arrow-ynet">Yoav Zitun, [https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5558662,00.html ניסוי מוצלח לחץ 3 באלסקה: "יירוט בגובה רב מחוץ לאטמוספירה" (Tijaabo guul leh oo Arrow 3 ah oo Alaska ka dhacday: “ka-hortag joog sare ah oo ka baxsan jawiga”)], ''Ynet'', 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref><ref name="arrow-inn">Kobi Finkler, [https://www.inn.co.il/news/408437 בארה"ב: הצלחה למערכת הנשק "חץ 3" (Maraykanka: guul u soo hoyatay nidaamka hubka “Arrow 3”)], ''Arutz 7'', 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref><ref name="arrow-globes">Yuval Azulai, [https://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?did=1001295083 בול פגיעה: הצלחה לסדרת ניסויים מורכבת לטילי החץ 3 באלסקה (Bartilmaameed sax ah: guul taxane tijaabooyin adag ah oo gantaallada Arrow 3 ah oo Alaska ka dhacay)], ''Globes'', 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref> Waxa kale oo tijaabooyinkaas baahiyay hay'ado rasmi ah oo dawladeed oo Israa'iil ah.<ref name="arrow-mod">[https://mod.gov.il/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%96%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D/%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%93-%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9F/%D7%97%D7%A5-3-%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94-%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%AA-%D7%91%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%94 חץ 3: הושלמה סדרת ניסויים מוצלחת באלסקה (Arrow 3: taxane tijaabooyin guul leh ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyay Alaska)], Wasaaradda Difaaca Israa'iil, 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref> Markii warbaahintu xilligaas ka hadlaysay isaga iyo wareysiyada lala yeeshay, waxaa la sheegi jiray oo keliya xarafka ugu horreeya ee magaciisa koowaad.<ref name="walla-arrow">Amir Bohbot, [https://news.walla.co.il/item/2914689 ה"מוח" מאחורי פרויקט ה"חץ": "הניסוי משנה את תפיסת ההגנה של ישראל" (“Maskaxda” ka dambaysa mashruuca “Arrow”: “tijaabadu waxay beddelaysaa aragtida difaaca Israa'iil”)], ''Walla!'', 11 Diseembar 2015.</ref> Sawirradiisana waa la qarin jiray ama la ceeryaamin jiray,<ref name="blur-video">[https://yo-utu.be/LDV-ddF0-8M?si=LyzSuYidU-BoaCtu&t=170 ניסוי חץ 3 באלסקה | הסרטון המלא (Tijaabada Arrow 3 ee Alaska | fiidiyowga oo dhammaystiran)], kanaalka Yo-uTube-ka ee Wasaaradda Difaaca Israa'iil; xiriirku wuxuu toos u tilmaamayaa qaybta fiidiyowga ee wejigiisa la ceeryaamiyay.</ref><ref name="srugim2017" /> sida caadiga ahayd, sababo la xiriira xasaasiyadda amniga.<ref name="galatz-arrow">[https://glz.co.il/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%A6/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8-%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91-%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8-%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91-%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C29-07-2019-0601/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94-%D7%97%D7%A5-%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A2-%D7%A2%D7%9B%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%95-%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9F יורה חץ - ופוגע: "עכשיו מודאגים באיראן" (Wuxuu ganayaa Arrow — wuuna haleelayaa: “hadda Iiraan ayay ka walaacsan yihiin”)], Galei Tzahal. Magaciisa waxaa lagu sheegay 8:13, sida muuqata si khalad ah; 8:37 waxaa lagu caddeeyay inaan magaciisa laga sheegi karin warbaahinta.</ref> Intii uu xilka ka hayay Maamulka Homa wuxuu sidoo kale mas'uul ka ahaa horumarinta gantaallada Sparrow.<ref name="sparrow-india">[https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/what-is-blue-sparrow-missile-israel-killed-khamenei-tehran-2026-2878222-2026-03-06 What is Blue Sparrow? The 'missile from space' Israel used to kill Khamenei], ''India Today'', 6 Maarso 2026.</ref> === Adeegga Ammaanka Guud === Sannadkii 2020 Ben Ezra waxaa loo magacaabay madaxa Waaxda Tiknoolajiyadda iyo Saybarka ee Adeegga Ammaanka Guud ee Israa'iil (Shin Bet), wuxuuna xilkaas hayay ilaa 2024. Xilkaas wuxuu mas'uul ka ahaa dhismaha awoodda iyo adeegsigeeda ee waaxda dhammaan dhinacyada tiknoolajiyadda jireed — xirfadaha [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]], injineernimada iyo software-ka — iyo mas'uuliyadda dhinacyada saybarka iyo sirdoonka macmalka ah. Wuxuu hoggaamiyay mashaariic isagoo la kaashanaya hay'adaha horumarinta iyo cilmi-baarista iyo warshadaha difaaca ee Israa'iil iyo dunida, Galbeedka iyo Barigaba,<ref name="ynet-profile" /> oo ay ku jiraan intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Swords of Iron. Jagadiisii ugu dambaysay ee Shin Bet waxay ahayd xil u dhiganta darajada Aluf ee ciidamada.<ref name="rank-pmo">Amir Ettinger, [https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/h1xrscfezl נתניהו הודיע: ראש המל"ל הבא - שמואל בן עזרא (Netanyahu ayaa ku dhawaaqay: madaxa xiga ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka – Shmuel Ben Ezra)], ''Ynet'', 31 Maajo 2026; warbixintu waxay soo xiganaysaa ogeysiiska Xafiiska Ra'iisul Wasaaraha ee sheegay in xilkiisii ugu dambeeyay ee Shin Bet uu u dhigmaayay darajada Aluf.</ref> === Madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka === Sannadkii 2026 Ben Ezra waxaa loo magacaabay la-taliyaha amniga qaranka ee Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil, isla markaana madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Dawladda Israa'iil.<ref name="pmo-appointment" /> Wax yar ka dib markii uu si rasmi ah xilka ula wareegay, Ben Ezra wuxuu ka qaybgalay kulan taariikhi ah oo dhex maray Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil Benjamin Netanyahu iyo Madaxweynaha [[Somaliland|Soomaaliland]], Dr. [[Abdirahman Mohamed Abdillahi]], waxaana sawirka ku jira xiriirka lagu arkayaa isagoo ag fadhiya Netanyahu kana soo horjeeda Dr. Abdillahi.<ref>[https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS0RIz5rxhS6tjX-2yTun0rcm8PrBGq8xRerlF4Jnpv1gvN4RqoKq33X94&s=10 Sawirka kulanka]; xiriirku wuxuu tilmaamayaa sawirka lagu arkayo Ben Ezra isagoo ag fadhiya Netanyahu kana soo horjeeda Madaxweyne Abdirahman Mohamed Abdillahi.</ref> Iyadoo ay jireen khilaafaad u dhexeeya Wasaaradda Maaliyadda iyo Wasaaradda Difaaca oo ku saabsan kordhinta miisaaniyadda difaaca iyo dejinta miisaaniyadda dhismaha awoodda, Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee uu Ben Ezra madaxda ka yahay wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa samaynta hannaan tanaasul ah oo labada dhinac ah, arrintaas oo marar kala duwan dib ugu soo noqotay tan iyo markii uu xilka la wareegay.<ref name="budget-calcalist">Shlomo Teitelbaum iyo Yuval Azulai, [https://www.calcalist.co.il/local_news/article/syaop11ommx הסיכום התקציבי בין האוצר למשרד הביטחון רק דוחה את ההתנגשות הבאה (Heshiiska miisaaniyadda ee u dhexeeya Wasaaradda Maaliyadda iyo Wasaaradda Difaaca wuxuu keliya dib u dhigaya isku dhaca xiga)], ''Calcalist'', 6 Luulyo 2026.</ref> Marka la eego doorashada la filayo ee Israa'iil, Ben Ezra wuxuu aqbalay codsiga guddoomiyaha Guddiga Dhexe ee Doorashooyinka, Garsoore Noam Sohlberg, wuxuuna ka shaqeeyay qorshaynta siyaasadda ilaalinta shaqsiyaadka ee musharraxiinta ku tartamaya doorashada, taas oo u baahnayd isku-duwidda hay'adaha amniga iyo guddiyada wasiirrada.<ref name="election-security">Elinor Shirkani-Kofman, [https://www.israelhayom.co.il/news/law/article/21296909 סולברג לראש המל"ל: הבהירו - מי קובע שמועמד מאוים ומי מאבטח אותו? (Sohlberg oo u qoray madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka: caddeeya — yaa go'aamiya musharrax halis ku jira, yaase ilaaliya?)], ''Israel Hayom'', 27 Agoosto 2026.</ref> Taladiisa, Dawladda Israa'iil waxay 5 Luulyo 2026 u magacawday Gaashaanle Sare (keydka) Ofir Levy xilka ku-xigeenka madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka.<ref name="ofir-levy">[https://www.inn.co.il/news/700663 הממשלה אישרה: אל"ם (במיל') אופיר לוי מונה למשנה לראש המל"ל (Dawladda ayaa ansixisay: Gaashaanle Sare (keydka) Ofir Levy ayaa loo magacaabay ku-xigeenka madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka)], ''Arutz 7'', 5 Luulyo 2026.</ref> [[File:President Donald J. Trump meets with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (55428012347) (cropped).jpg|thumb|La-taliyaha Ben Ezra (bartamaha sawirka, isagoo madaxa ku wata [[kippah]] madow) ayaa taladiisa u soo bandhigaya Ra'iisul Wasaaraha [[Israa'iil]] [[Netanyahu]] iyo Madaxweynaha [[Maraykanka]] [[Donald Trump|Trump]], Aqalka Cad sannadkii 2026.]] == Abaalmarinno iyo maamuus == Sannadkii 2001 wuxuu helay Calaamadda Taliyaha Guud ee Ciidamada ee heer-sare dhinaca tiknoolajiyadda.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Intii uu ka tirsanaa Ciidanka Badda Israa'iil wuxuu saddex jeer ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Taliyaha Ciidanka Badda ee fikirka hal-abuurka leh, sannadihii 1999, 2008 iyo 2009.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Sannadkii 2017 Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil waxaa la siiyay Ben Ezra iyo la-hawlgalayaal kale oo ku lug lahaa horumarinta nidaamka hubka Arrow 3.<ref name="srugim2017" /> Maamuus kale, sannadihii ka horreeyay magacaabistiisa xilka sare ee hadda, warbaahinta Israa'iil waxay sharaf gaar ah ku tilmaantay xaqiiqda ah in qaar ka mid ah rabbiyiinta ugu waaweyn Israa'iil ay si gaar ah ula baran jireen ''chavruta''.<ref name="inn-rabbis" /> Sannadihii 2023, 2024 iyo 2025, Abaalmarinnada Difaaca Israa'iil waxaa la siiyay Waaxda Tiknoolajiyadda iyo Saybarka ee Shin Bet oo uu madaxda ka ahaa, horumarinta nidaamyo tiknoolajiyadeed iyo sirdoon, oo ay ka mid ahaayeen awoodo ay Dawladda Israa'iil si istaraatiiji ah u adeegsatay Dagaalkii Swords of Iron.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Koorsada Kulliyadda Amniga Qaranka wuxuu ku dhammeeyay isagoo ahaa ardayga ugu sarreeya ee dufcaddii 45-aad, isla markaana waxaa loo doortay "ardayga tusaalaha ah".<ref>Koorsooyinka Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil, '''ardayga heerka sare''' waa magac la siiyo qof muujiya waxqabad xirfadeed oo aad u sarreeya, waxaana caadi ahaan doorta shaqaalaha tababarka; halka '''ardayga tusaalaha ah''' uu yahay magac loo bixiyo hab-dhaqan, anshax, tusaale-shaqsiyeed iyo qiyam, waxaana badanaa doorta ardayda koorsada.</ref> == Nolosha gaarka ah == Shmuel Ben Ezra waa xaasle, waana aabbe 12 carruur ah.<ref name="jns-family">[https://www.jns.org/israeli-govt-unanimously-votes-for-shmuel-ben-ezra-as-new-national-security-council-head Israeli gov't unanimously votes for Shmuel Ben-Ezra as new National Security Council head], ''Jewish News Syndicate'', 7 Juun 2026.</ref> Aabbihii, Rabbi Prof. David Ben Ezra, wuxuu baray [[Fiisigis|fiisigis]] — gaar ahaan elektaroonigga indhaha — Lev Academic Center, wuxuuna tababaray kumannaan injineerro ah muddo ku dhow 50 sano, wuxuuna sidoo kale yahay rabi bulsho oo ka tirsan [[Qudus]].<ref name="ynet-profile" /><ref name="david-srugim">[https://www.srugim.co.il/259193 האתגרים החדשים מחייבים את צה"ל להיות יותר יצירתי (Caqabadaha cusub waxay ku qasbayaan Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil inay noqdaan kuwo hal-abuur badan)], ''Srugim'', 7 Juun 2018.</ref> Walaalkiis Michael Ben Ezra wuxuu soo noqday saynisyahanka ugu sarreeya (CTO) ee Ciidanka Dhulka Israa'iil, wuxuuna hoggaamiyay horumarinta nidaamyo badan oo tiknoolajiyadeed.<ref name="michael-globes">Yuval Azulai, [https://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?did=1001285063 נא להכיר: מנהל הטכנולוגיות הראשון של החי"רניקים בצה"ל (Baro: maareeyihii ugu horreeyay ee tiknoolajiyadda ee ciidamada lugta ee Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil)], ''Globes'', 8 Maajo 2019.</ref> Waxaa sidoo kale loo tixgeliyaa khabiir-hiwaayad dhinaca dheemanka ah. Walaalkiis Hananel Ben Ezra wuxuu ka mid yahay madaxda barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka hubka laysarka "Or Eitan", oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Iron Beam" iyo "Magen Or",<ref name="hananel-calcalist">Yuval Azulai, [https://www.calcalist.co.il/local_news/article/b1ftcy4q2 מפתחי מערכת הלייזר "מגן אור": "ייתכן שלא נצטרך להפעיל אזעקות בעורף" (Horumariyeyaasha nidaamka laysarka “Magen Or”: “waxaa dhici karta inaanan u baahnayn inaan digniino ka yeerno gudaha dalka”)], ''Calcalist'', 26 Abriil 2023.</ref> wuxuuna xitaa ku guuleystay [[Abaalmarinta Nobel]] ee [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]]. === Yaa hodan ah? === Mashruuca horumarinta gantaalka Arrow, marka laga soo tago inuu yahay il awood ciidan iyo amni u ah Dawladda [[Israa'iil]], wuxuu sidoo kale dhalay faa'iidooyin lacageed oo waaweyn, iyadoo heshiisyada nidaamka lagu tilmaamay inay gaarayaan balaayiin doollar.<ref name="arrow-deals">[https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/israel-germany-sign-31-billion-contract-expand-arrow-air-defence-system-2025-12-18/ Israel, Germany sign $3.1 billion contract expansion for Arrow air defence system], ''Reuters'', 18 Diseembar 2025.</ref> Laakiin, xitaa ka hor taas, waxaa muuqanaysay in Ben Ezra uu ahaa nin [[hodan]] ah. Tusaale ahaan, daabacaadahan [[majaladda]] ''[[JCT Perspective]]'', Ben Ezra waxaa lagu arkayaa isagoo garbihiisa ku leh calaamado [[Dahab|dahab]] ah,<ref name="jct21">[https://www.jct.ac.il/media/1263/perspective10.pdf#page=21 ''JCT Perspective'', bogga 21]. Xiriirkani wuxuu si gaar ah u tilmaamayaa sawirka Ben Ezra ee ku yaal bogga 21.</ref> waxaana lagu sharaxay in arrintani ay dhif ku tahay ciidanka Israa'iil — inta badan saraakiishu waxay garbaha saartaan calaamado ka samaysan maro ama biro jaban sida [[Maar|naxaas]] ama boroonis, garbaha saraakiil yar ayaa lagu arkaa calaamado ka samaysan [[qalin]], waxaana ka sii yar kuwa calaamadahooda ka sameeya dahab dhab ah. Tani waxay u ekaan kartaa wax astaan ahaan uun ah, laakiin warbaahintu waxay sharaxday in arrintu macne leedahay; tusaale ahaan, taliyaha guud ee ciidanka Israa'iil waligiis ma uusan hodan ku filnayn calaamado dahab ah, hal mar oo keliya ayaana taariikhda ciidanka Israa'iil calaamado qalin ah lagu arkay garbaha taliyaha ugu sarreeya. Bogga 7-na Ben Ezra mar kale waxaa lagu arkayaa isagoo leh dahab, waana qofka dhexda ka taagan sawirka (sawirka dadka hodanka ah).<ref name="jct7">[https://www.jct.ac.il/media/1263/perspective10.pdf#page=7 ''JCT Perspective'', bogga 7]. Xiriirkani wuxuu si gaar ah u tilmaamayaa sawirka ku yaal bogga 7, halkaas oo Ben Ezra uu yahay qofka dhexda ka taagan.</ref> == Xiriirro dibadeed == * Ariel Kahana, [https://www.israelhayom.co.il/magazine/hashavua/article/20690819 אתגר חייו של "הגאון": מיהו איש המפתח החדש שמונה בידי נתניהו (Caqabadda noloshiisa ee “garaadka”: waa kuma shakhsiga muhiimka ah ee cusub ee Netanyahu magacaabay?)], ''Israel Hayom'', 4 Juun 2026. * Shmuel Ben Ezra, [https://www.nli.org.il/en/dissertations/NNL_ALEPH990047787930205171/NLI 'הרתעה אסטרטגית' במרחב הקיברנטי: שינוי התפיסה או התאמות מקומיות? (“Ka-hortagga istaraatiijiga ah” ee goobta saybarka: isbeddel aragtiyeed mise la-qabsiyo maxalli ah?)], shaqo cilmi-baariseed, Maktabadda Qaranka ee Israa'iil. * [https://www.gov.il/en/pages/spoke-shomron240726 PM Netanyahu Holds Security Consultation], Xafiiska Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil, 24 Luulyo 2026. * [https://shabellemedia.com/israaiil-oo-muwaadiniinteeda-uga-digtay-safarka-somaliland-xilli-ay-soo-dhow-yihiin-ciidaha-yuhuudda/ Israa’iil oo muwaadiniinteeda uga digtay safarka Somaliland xilli ay soo dhow yihiin ciidaha Yuhuudda], ''Shabelle Media Network'', 6 Sebteembar 2026. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Dad nool]] 04tf3tj24do51p32hk25oj1h20k01sg 309183 309082 2026-09-23T04:50:28Z ~2026-51259-27 47515 /* Yaa hodan ah? */ Waa wax kama jiraan! Tani waxay si fudud ugu xidhan tahay laamaha Ciidanka Israa'iil: Ciidanka Lugta waa caadi, Ciidanka Cirka waa midabka qalinka, Ciidanka Badda waa midabka dahabka. Tani waa midab uun, ee ma aha dahab qaali ah, wax xidhiidh ahna lama laha cidda qani ah. Waxaa jiray hal taliye ciidan oo ka tirsanaa Ciidanka Cirka, mid ka tirsan Ciidanka Baddana weli ma jirin. 309183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Shmuel Ben Ezra | native_name = שמואל בן עזרא (Shmuel Ben Ezra) | native_name_lang = he | image = Shmuel Ben Ezra PM.png | caption = Shmuel Ben Ezra, 2026 | birth_date = 1973<br><small>ה'תשל"ג (5733 ee taariikhda Cibraaniga)</small> | birth_place = [[Qudus]], [[Israa'iil]] | children = 12 | known_for = {{Ubl | Horumarinta tiknoolajiyadda difaaca | Horumarinta nidaamyada gantaallada Arrow | La-talin siyaasadeed iyo amni | Rabi iyo caalim diinta [[Yuhuuda|Yuhuudda]] }} | education = {{Ubl | [[File:JCT Logo.png|30px]] Lev Academic Center | [[File:Hebrew University Logo.svg|15px]] Jaamacadda Cibraaniga ee Qudus | Jaamacadda Haifa | [[File:Tel Aviv university logo - Hebrew.png|25px]] Jaamacadda Tel Aviv | [[File:Semel Pum.svg|22px]] Kulliyadda Isku-dhafka ah ee Taliska iyo Shaqaalaha | [[File:Mabal pin.gif|22px]] Kulliyadda Amniga Qaranka }} | awards = {{Ubl | [[File:סמל צלש הרמטכל האות הטכנולוגי.png|28px]] Calaamadda Taliyaha Guud ee Ciidamada ee heer-sare dhinaca tiknoolajiyadda | [[File:Flag of Israel Navy Commander in Chief at Sea.svg|28px]] Abaalmarinta Taliyaha Ciidanka Badda ee fikirka hal-abuurka leh (×3) | [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|28px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil ee 2017, horumarinta nidaamka Arrow | [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|18px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|18px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|18px|Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil]] Abaalmarinnada Difaaca Israa'iil ee 2023, 2024 iyo 2025 — waxaa la siiyay waaxda Shin Bet ee uu madaxda ka ahaa }} | module = {{Infobox | child = yes | header1 = Madaxa 13aad ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Israa'iil | label2 = Xilka hayaa | data2 = 7 Juun 2026 – hadda | label3 = Ra'iisul wasaare | data3 = Benjamin Netanyahu | label4 = Waxa ka horreeyay | data4 = Gil Reich <small>(ku-sime)</small> | header5 = Adeegga amniga | label6 = U adeegay / Ka tirsan | data6 = {{Ubl | [[File:Badge of the Israel Defense Forces.svg|26px]] Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil<br>• [[File:IsraeliNavy.png|25px]] Ciidanka Badda Israa'iil | [[File:Logo of the Ministry of Defense of Israel (Hebrew).png|22px]] Wasaaradda Difaaca Israa'iil<br>• [[File:Mafat Logo in Hebrew svg.svg|30px]] MAFAT | [[File:Flag of the Prime Minister of Israel.svg|26px]] Adeegga Ammaanka Guud ee Israa'iil (Shin Bet) | [[File:סמליל המטה לביטחון לאומי.png|38px]] Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Israa'iil }} | label7 = Darajada | data7 = [[File:IDF-Navy-10.png|25px]] [[File:IDF aluf.svg|25px]] '''Aluf''' (Sarreeye Gaas, darajo u dhiganta) | label8 = Jagooyinka adeegga | data8 = {{Ubl | Madaxa barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka gantaallada Arrow 3 | Madaxa Waaxda Nidaamyada Lakabka Sare ee Maamulka Homa | Madaxa Waaxda Tiknoolajiyadda, Hawlgallada Gaarka ah iyo Saybarka | [[File:Emblem of Israel alternative gold.svg|17px]] La-taliyaha amniga qaranka }} | label9 = Hawlgallada iyo dagaallada | data9 = {{Ubl | Khilaafka [[Iiraan]] iyo Israa'iil | Hawlgalkii Defensive Shield | [[File:Lebanon2ribon.svg|28px]] Dagaalkii Labaad ee Lubnaan | Hawlgalkii Cast Lead | Hawlgalkii Pillar of Defense | [[File:Protective Edge Opertion ribon.svg|28px]] Hawlgalkii Protective Edge | Dagaalkii Swords of [[Iron]] }} }} }} '''Shmuel Ben Ezra''' (Cibraani: '''שמואל בן עזרא''' (Shmuel Ben Ezra); dhashay 1973) waa la-taliyaha amniga qaranka iyo madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Dawladda [[Israa'iil]].<ref name="pmo-appointment">[https://www.gov.il/he/pages/spoke-appointment070626 הממשלה אישרה כעת פה אחד את החלטתו של ראש הממשלה בנימין נתניהו למנות את שמואל בן עזרא לתפקיד ראש המטה לביטחון לאומי (המל״ל) וליועץ ראש הממשלה לביטחון לאומי (Dawladda ayaa si wadajir ah u ansixisay go'aanka Ra'iisul Wasaare Benjamin Netanyahu ee ah in Shmuel Ben Ezra loo magacaabo madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka iyo la-taliyaha Ra'iisul Wasaaraha ee amniga qaranka)], Xafiiska Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil, 7 Juun 2026.</ref> Intii uu ka tirsanaa Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil iyo hay'adaha amniga Israa'iil, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay cilmi-baaris iyo horumarin, maaraynta mashaariicda iyo hoggaaminta cutubyo ciidan dhinacyo kala duwan ah, kuwa ugu caansanna waxaa ka mid ah gantaallada iyo ka-hortagga gantaallada, saybar iyo sirdoonka farsamada. Wuxuu madax ka ahaa barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka ka-hortagga Arrow, taas oo uu ku mutaystay Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil ee 2017.<ref name="srugim2017">[https://www.srugim.co.il/204210 כבוד למגזר: האל"מ הסרוג שזכה בפרס בטחון ישראל (Sharaf bulshada: Gaashaanle Sare kippah xidha ee ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil)], ''Srugim'', 6 Luulyo 2017.</ref> Wuxuu soo noqday madaxa waaxyaha hawlgallada gaarka ah, tiknoolajiyadda iyo saybarka ee Adeegga Ammaanka Guud ee Israa'iil (Shin Bet).<ref name="ynet-profile">Itamar Eichner, [https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/sjstmlolze מהנדס עטור פרסים, אך "מינוי קצת תמוה": מיהו ראש המל"ל החדש - שמואל בן עזרא (Injineer abaalmarinno badan haysta, balse “magacaabis wax yar la yaab leh”: waa kuma madaxa cusub ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka – Shmuel Ben Ezra?)], ''Ynet'', 2 Juun 2026.</ref> Waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa rabi iyo caalim Tawreed.<ref name="inn-rabbis">Dvir Amar, [https://www.inn.co.il/news/698015 ראש המל"ל החדש: תושב חומת שמואל ומקורב לרבנים (Madaxa cusub ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka: deggan Homat Shmuel oo xiriir dhow la leh rabbiyiinta)], ''Arutz 7'', 31 Maajo 2026.</ref> == Taariikh nololeed == Shmuel Ben Ezra wuxuu ku dhashay [[Qudus]] waxaana dhalay Naomi iyo Rabbi David, kuwaas oo u soo guuray [[Israa'iil]] iyagoo ka yimid [[Marooko]], wuxuuna ku koray magaalada caasimadda ah. === Waxbarasho === Dhallinyaranimadiisii, Ben Ezra waxaa loo oggolaaday inuu qabto xirfado dhaqameed oo Yuhuudi ah, sida ''mohel'',<ref name="ynet-profile" /> iyo ''sofer STaM'' (qoraa Yuhuudi ah oo si waafaqsan xeerarka diinta u qora duubabka Tawreed, tefillin iyo mezuzot).<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Waxbarashadiisa tacliimeed wuxuu ku qaatay shahaadada koowaad, isagoo helay maamuuska ugu sarreeya, ee injineernimada [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]] Dugsiga Sare ee Tiknoolajiyadda ee Qudus, oo markii dambe loo bixiyay Lev Academic Center, iyo shahaadada labaad ee [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]] Jaamacadda Cibraaniga ee Qudus.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Shahaadooyin labaad oo dheeraad ah ayuu, isagoo helay maamuuska ugu sarreeya, ku qaatay maamulka ganacsiga Jaamacadda Furan, iyo culuumta siyaasadda iyo amniga qaranka Jaamacadda Haifa, halkaas oo isaguna uu ku qalinjabiyay maamuuska ugu sarreeya.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Wuxuu sidoo kale ka qalinjabiyay koorsada agaasimayaasha ee maamulayaasha sare ee waaxda dadweynaha ee Jaamacadda Tel Aviv, wuxuuna ka qalinjabiyay Kulliyadda Amniga Qaranka isagoo ahaa ardaygii ugu sarreeyay ee dufcaddii 45-aad.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> === Adeegga Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil === Ben Ezra wuxuu adeeggiisa Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil ka bilaabay Ciidanka Badda Israa'iil.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Intii uu xilalka ka hayay ciidanka badda, wuxuu ka shaqeeyay cilmi-baaris iyo horumarin ku saabsan difaaca maraakiibta, wuxuuna madax ka ahaa koox ka tirsan cutub maraakiibeed. Sannadkii 2015 Ben Ezra waxaa loo magacaabay madaxa Waaxda Nidaamyada Lakabka Sare ee Maamulka Homa ee MAFAT.<ref name="srugim2017" /> Xilkaas wuxuu kaga mid ahaa kooxihii ka shaqaynayay horumarinta nidaamyada gantaallada iyo gantaallada ka-hortagga. Wuxuu ahaa injineerka nidaamka ee madaxa hagidda gantaalka "Arrow 3", dabadeedna waxaa loo dallacsiiyay inuu madax ka noqdo waaxda mas'uulka ka ah barnaamijyada horumarinta gantaallada ka-hortagga ee lakabka sare.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Xilkaas wuxuu hoggaamiyay barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka hubka "Arrow", oo ay ku jirto ikhtiraacii "Arrow 3", kaas oo ah lakabka ka-hortagga gantaallada ee ka baxsan jawiga dhulka ee nidaamka difaaca cirka ee Israa'iil. Tijaabooyinka nidaamka, oo lagu fuliyay Israa'iil iyo dibaddeeda — oo ay ka mid ahaayeen tijaabooyinkii Alaska ee 2019 — waxay heleen tebinta ballaaran ee warbaahinta.<ref name="arrow-ynet">Yoav Zitun, [https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5558662,00.html ניסוי מוצלח לחץ 3 באלסקה: "יירוט בגובה רב מחוץ לאטמוספירה" (Tijaabo guul leh oo Arrow 3 ah oo Alaska ka dhacday: “ka-hortag joog sare ah oo ka baxsan jawiga”)], ''Ynet'', 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref><ref name="arrow-inn">Kobi Finkler, [https://www.inn.co.il/news/408437 בארה"ב: הצלחה למערכת הנשק "חץ 3" (Maraykanka: guul u soo hoyatay nidaamka hubka “Arrow 3”)], ''Arutz 7'', 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref><ref name="arrow-globes">Yuval Azulai, [https://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?did=1001295083 בול פגיעה: הצלחה לסדרת ניסויים מורכבת לטילי החץ 3 באלסקה (Bartilmaameed sax ah: guul taxane tijaabooyin adag ah oo gantaallada Arrow 3 ah oo Alaska ka dhacay)], ''Globes'', 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref> Waxa kale oo tijaabooyinkaas baahiyay hay'ado rasmi ah oo dawladeed oo Israa'iil ah.<ref name="arrow-mod">[https://mod.gov.il/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%96%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D/%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%93-%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9F/%D7%97%D7%A5-3-%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94-%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%AA-%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%AA-%D7%91%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%94 חץ 3: הושלמה סדרת ניסויים מוצלחת באלסקה (Arrow 3: taxane tijaabooyin guul leh ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyay Alaska)], Wasaaradda Difaaca Israa'iil, 28 Luulyo 2019.</ref> Markii warbaahintu xilligaas ka hadlaysay isaga iyo wareysiyada lala yeeshay, waxaa la sheegi jiray oo keliya xarafka ugu horreeya ee magaciisa koowaad.<ref name="walla-arrow">Amir Bohbot, [https://news.walla.co.il/item/2914689 ה"מוח" מאחורי פרויקט ה"חץ": "הניסוי משנה את תפיסת ההגנה של ישראל" (“Maskaxda” ka dambaysa mashruuca “Arrow”: “tijaabadu waxay beddelaysaa aragtida difaaca Israa'iil”)], ''Walla!'', 11 Diseembar 2015.</ref> Sawirradiisana waa la qarin jiray ama la ceeryaamin jiray,<ref name="blur-video">[https://yo-utu.be/LDV-ddF0-8M?si=LyzSuYidU-BoaCtu&t=170 ניסוי חץ 3 באלסקה | הסרטון המלא (Tijaabada Arrow 3 ee Alaska | fiidiyowga oo dhammaystiran)], kanaalka Yo-uTube-ka ee Wasaaradda Difaaca Israa'iil; xiriirku wuxuu toos u tilmaamayaa qaybta fiidiyowga ee wejigiisa la ceeryaamiyay.</ref><ref name="srugim2017" /> sida caadiga ahayd, sababo la xiriira xasaasiyadda amniga.<ref name="galatz-arrow">[https://glz.co.il/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%A6/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8-%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91-%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8-%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91-%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C29-07-2019-0601/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94-%D7%97%D7%A5-%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A2-%D7%A2%D7%9B%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%95-%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9F יורה חץ - ופוגע: "עכשיו מודאגים באיראן" (Wuxuu ganayaa Arrow — wuuna haleelayaa: “hadda Iiraan ayay ka walaacsan yihiin”)], Galei Tzahal. Magaciisa waxaa lagu sheegay 8:13, sida muuqata si khalad ah; 8:37 waxaa lagu caddeeyay inaan magaciisa laga sheegi karin warbaahinta.</ref> Intii uu xilka ka hayay Maamulka Homa wuxuu sidoo kale mas'uul ka ahaa horumarinta gantaallada Sparrow.<ref name="sparrow-india">[https://www.indiatoday.in/science/story/what-is-blue-sparrow-missile-israel-killed-khamenei-tehran-2026-2878222-2026-03-06 What is Blue Sparrow? The 'missile from space' Israel used to kill Khamenei], ''India Today'', 6 Maarso 2026.</ref> === Adeegga Ammaanka Guud === Sannadkii 2020 Ben Ezra waxaa loo magacaabay madaxa Waaxda Tiknoolajiyadda iyo Saybarka ee Adeegga Ammaanka Guud ee Israa'iil (Shin Bet), wuxuuna xilkaas hayay ilaa 2024. Xilkaas wuxuu mas'uul ka ahaa dhismaha awoodda iyo adeegsigeeda ee waaxda dhammaan dhinacyada tiknoolajiyadda jireed — xirfadaha [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]], injineernimada iyo software-ka — iyo mas'uuliyadda dhinacyada saybarka iyo sirdoonka macmalka ah. Wuxuu hoggaamiyay mashaariic isagoo la kaashanaya hay'adaha horumarinta iyo cilmi-baarista iyo warshadaha difaaca ee Israa'iil iyo dunida, Galbeedka iyo Barigaba,<ref name="ynet-profile" /> oo ay ku jiraan intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Swords of Iron. Jagadiisii ugu dambaysay ee Shin Bet waxay ahayd xil u dhiganta darajada Aluf ee ciidamada.<ref name="rank-pmo">Amir Ettinger, [https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/h1xrscfezl נתניהו הודיע: ראש המל"ל הבא - שמואל בן עזרא (Netanyahu ayaa ku dhawaaqay: madaxa xiga ee Golaha Amniga Qaranka – Shmuel Ben Ezra)], ''Ynet'', 31 Maajo 2026; warbixintu waxay soo xiganaysaa ogeysiiska Xafiiska Ra'iisul Wasaaraha ee sheegay in xilkiisii ugu dambeeyay ee Shin Bet uu u dhigmaayay darajada Aluf.</ref> === Madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka === Sannadkii 2026 Ben Ezra waxaa loo magacaabay la-taliyaha amniga qaranka ee Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil, isla markaana madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee Dawladda Israa'iil.<ref name="pmo-appointment" /> Wax yar ka dib markii uu si rasmi ah xilka ula wareegay, Ben Ezra wuxuu ka qaybgalay kulan taariikhi ah oo dhex maray Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil Benjamin Netanyahu iyo Madaxweynaha [[Somaliland|Soomaaliland]], Dr. [[Abdirahman Mohamed Abdillahi]], waxaana sawirka ku jira xiriirka lagu arkayaa isagoo ag fadhiya Netanyahu kana soo horjeeda Dr. Abdillahi.<ref>[https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS0RIz5rxhS6tjX-2yTun0rcm8PrBGq8xRerlF4Jnpv1gvN4RqoKq33X94&s=10 Sawirka kulanka]; xiriirku wuxuu tilmaamayaa sawirka lagu arkayo Ben Ezra isagoo ag fadhiya Netanyahu kana soo horjeeda Madaxweyne Abdirahman Mohamed Abdillahi.</ref> Iyadoo ay jireen khilaafaad u dhexeeya Wasaaradda Maaliyadda iyo Wasaaradda Difaaca oo ku saabsan kordhinta miisaaniyadda difaaca iyo dejinta miisaaniyadda dhismaha awoodda, Golaha Amniga Qaranka ee uu Ben Ezra madaxda ka yahay wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa samaynta hannaan tanaasul ah oo labada dhinac ah, arrintaas oo marar kala duwan dib ugu soo noqotay tan iyo markii uu xilka la wareegay.<ref name="budget-calcalist">Shlomo Teitelbaum iyo Yuval Azulai, [https://www.calcalist.co.il/local_news/article/syaop11ommx הסיכום התקציבי בין האוצר למשרד הביטחון רק דוחה את ההתנגשות הבאה (Heshiiska miisaaniyadda ee u dhexeeya Wasaaradda Maaliyadda iyo Wasaaradda Difaaca wuxuu keliya dib u dhigaya isku dhaca xiga)], ''Calcalist'', 6 Luulyo 2026.</ref> Marka la eego doorashada la filayo ee Israa'iil, Ben Ezra wuxuu aqbalay codsiga guddoomiyaha Guddiga Dhexe ee Doorashooyinka, Garsoore Noam Sohlberg, wuxuuna ka shaqeeyay qorshaynta siyaasadda ilaalinta shaqsiyaadka ee musharraxiinta ku tartamaya doorashada, taas oo u baahnayd isku-duwidda hay'adaha amniga iyo guddiyada wasiirrada.<ref name="election-security">Elinor Shirkani-Kofman, [https://www.israelhayom.co.il/news/law/article/21296909 סולברג לראש המל"ל: הבהירו - מי קובע שמועמד מאוים ומי מאבטח אותו? (Sohlberg oo u qoray madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka: caddeeya — yaa go'aamiya musharrax halis ku jira, yaase ilaaliya?)], ''Israel Hayom'', 27 Agoosto 2026.</ref> Taladiisa, Dawladda Israa'iil waxay 5 Luulyo 2026 u magacawday Gaashaanle Sare (keydka) Ofir Levy xilka ku-xigeenka madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka.<ref name="ofir-levy">[https://www.inn.co.il/news/700663 הממשלה אישרה: אל"ם (במיל') אופיר לוי מונה למשנה לראש המל"ל (Dawladda ayaa ansixisay: Gaashaanle Sare (keydka) Ofir Levy ayaa loo magacaabay ku-xigeenka madaxa Golaha Amniga Qaranka)], ''Arutz 7'', 5 Luulyo 2026.</ref> [[File:President Donald J. Trump meets with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (55428012347) (cropped).jpg|thumb|La-taliyaha Ben Ezra (bartamaha sawirka, isagoo madaxa ku wata [[kippah]] madow) ayaa taladiisa u soo bandhigaya Ra'iisul Wasaaraha [[Israa'iil]] [[Netanyahu]] iyo Madaxweynaha [[Maraykanka]] [[Donald Trump|Trump]], Aqalka Cad sannadkii 2026.]] == Abaalmarinno iyo maamuus == Sannadkii 2001 wuxuu helay Calaamadda Taliyaha Guud ee Ciidamada ee heer-sare dhinaca tiknoolajiyadda.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Intii uu ka tirsanaa Ciidanka Badda Israa'iil wuxuu saddex jeer ku guuleystay Abaalmarinta Taliyaha Ciidanka Badda ee fikirka hal-abuurka leh, sannadihii 1999, 2008 iyo 2009.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Sannadkii 2017 Abaalmarinta Difaaca Israa'iil waxaa la siiyay Ben Ezra iyo la-hawlgalayaal kale oo ku lug lahaa horumarinta nidaamka hubka Arrow 3.<ref name="srugim2017" /> Maamuus kale, sannadihii ka horreeyay magacaabistiisa xilka sare ee hadda, warbaahinta Israa'iil waxay sharaf gaar ah ku tilmaantay xaqiiqda ah in qaar ka mid ah rabbiyiinta ugu waaweyn Israa'iil ay si gaar ah ula baran jireen ''chavruta''.<ref name="inn-rabbis" /> Sannadihii 2023, 2024 iyo 2025, Abaalmarinnada Difaaca Israa'iil waxaa la siiyay Waaxda Tiknoolajiyadda iyo Saybarka ee Shin Bet oo uu madaxda ka ahaa, horumarinta nidaamyo tiknoolajiyadeed iyo sirdoon, oo ay ka mid ahaayeen awoodo ay Dawladda Israa'iil si istaraatiiji ah u adeegsatay Dagaalkii Swords of Iron.<ref name="ynet-profile" /> Koorsada Kulliyadda Amniga Qaranka wuxuu ku dhammeeyay isagoo ahaa ardayga ugu sarreeya ee dufcaddii 45-aad, isla markaana waxaa loo doortay "ardayga tusaalaha ah".<ref>Koorsooyinka Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil, '''ardayga heerka sare''' waa magac la siiyo qof muujiya waxqabad xirfadeed oo aad u sarreeya, waxaana caadi ahaan doorta shaqaalaha tababarka; halka '''ardayga tusaalaha ah''' uu yahay magac loo bixiyo hab-dhaqan, anshax, tusaale-shaqsiyeed iyo qiyam, waxaana badanaa doorta ardayda koorsada.</ref> == Nolosha gaarka ah == Shmuel Ben Ezra waa xaasle, waana aabbe 12 carruur ah.<ref name="jns-family">[https://www.jns.org/israeli-govt-unanimously-votes-for-shmuel-ben-ezra-as-new-national-security-council-head Israeli gov't unanimously votes for Shmuel Ben-Ezra as new National Security Council head], ''Jewish News Syndicate'', 7 Juun 2026.</ref> Aabbihii, Rabbi Prof. David Ben Ezra, wuxuu baray [[Fiisigis|fiisigis]] — gaar ahaan elektaroonigga indhaha — Lev Academic Center, wuxuuna tababaray kumannaan injineerro ah muddo ku dhow 50 sano, wuxuuna sidoo kale yahay rabi bulsho oo ka tirsan [[Qudus]].<ref name="ynet-profile" /><ref name="david-srugim">[https://www.srugim.co.il/259193 האתגרים החדשים מחייבים את צה"ל להיות יותר יצירתי (Caqabadaha cusub waxay ku qasbayaan Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil inay noqdaan kuwo hal-abuur badan)], ''Srugim'', 7 Juun 2018.</ref> Walaalkiis Michael Ben Ezra wuxuu soo noqday saynisyahanka ugu sarreeya (CTO) ee Ciidanka Dhulka Israa'iil, wuxuuna hoggaamiyay horumarinta nidaamyo badan oo tiknoolajiyadeed.<ref name="michael-globes">Yuval Azulai, [https://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?did=1001285063 נא להכיר: מנהל הטכנולוגיות הראשון של החי"רניקים בצה"ל (Baro: maareeyihii ugu horreeyay ee tiknoolajiyadda ee ciidamada lugta ee Ciidamada Difaaca Israa'iil)], ''Globes'', 8 Maajo 2019.</ref> Waxaa sidoo kale loo tixgeliyaa khabiir-hiwaayad dhinaca dheemanka ah. Walaalkiis Hananel Ben Ezra wuxuu ka mid yahay madaxda barnaamijka horumarinta nidaamka hubka laysarka "Or Eitan", oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Iron Beam" iyo "Magen Or",<ref name="hananel-calcalist">Yuval Azulai, [https://www.calcalist.co.il/local_news/article/b1ftcy4q2 מפתחי מערכת הלייזר "מגן אור": "ייתכן שלא נצטרך להפעיל אזעקות בעורף" (Horumariyeyaasha nidaamka laysarka “Magen Or”: “waxaa dhici karta inaanan u baahnayn inaan digniino ka yeerno gudaha dalka”)], ''Calcalist'', 26 Abriil 2023.</ref> wuxuuna xitaa ku guuleystay [[Abaalmarinta Nobel]] ee [[Fiisigis|fiisigiska]]. == Xiriirro dibadeed == * Ariel Kahana, [https://www.israelhayom.co.il/magazine/hashavua/article/20690819 אתגר חייו של "הגאון": מיהו איש המפתח החדש שמונה בידי נתניהו (Caqabadda noloshiisa ee “garaadka”: waa kuma shakhsiga muhiimka ah ee cusub ee Netanyahu magacaabay?)], ''Israel Hayom'', 4 Juun 2026. * Shmuel Ben Ezra, [https://www.nli.org.il/en/dissertations/NNL_ALEPH990047787930205171/NLI 'הרתעה אסטרטגית' במרחב הקיברנטי: שינוי התפיסה או התאמות מקומיות? (“Ka-hortagga istaraatiijiga ah” ee goobta saybarka: isbeddel aragtiyeed mise la-qabsiyo maxalli ah?)], shaqo cilmi-baariseed, Maktabadda Qaranka ee Israa'iil. * [https://www.gov.il/en/pages/spoke-shomron240726 PM Netanyahu Holds Security Consultation], Xafiiska Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil, 24 Luulyo 2026. * [https://shabellemedia.com/israaiil-oo-muwaadiniinteeda-uga-digtay-safarka-somaliland-xilli-ay-soo-dhow-yihiin-ciidaha-yuhuudda/ Israa’iil oo muwaadiniinteeda uga digtay safarka Somaliland xilli ay soo dhow yihiin ciidaha Yuhuudda], ''Shabelle Media Network'', 6 Sebteembar 2026. == Tixraacyo == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Dad nool]] 054ry5fgrhrhj593edmhst07h9aqch9 10 52930 309084 2026-09-22T21:35:09Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{cite check |section | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | reason = {{{reason|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 309084 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{cite check |section | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | reason = {{{reason|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> t3g75wnynwxl5bfm5dvq7sq3brbe8yh 10 52931 309085 2026-09-22T21:35:55Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Content}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Nuxurka | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = Muhimadda macluumaadka gaarka ah ee ku jira (ama horay ugu jiray) {{#ifeq:{{{section|}}}|yes|qaybtan|maqaalkan}} waxaa ka taagan '''[[Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute|muransan]]'''. | fix = Macluumaadka waxaa laga yaabaa inuu tirtiray ama uu ku daray tifaftiraha natiijo ahaan. 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Khabiir ayaa loo baahan yahay | subst= <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | sect = {{{2|}}} | image= [[File:Postscript-viewer-blue.svg|50px|alt=icon]] | issue= '''wuxuu u baahan yahay dareen ka yimaada khabiir ku takhasusay {{#if:{{{1|}}} |gardaandinta/arrinta ku saabsan {{trim|{{{1}}}}}{{#if:{{{ex2|}}} |{{#if:{{{ex3|}}} |, {{trim|{{{ex2}}}}}{{#if:{{{ex4|}}} |, {{trim|{{{ex3}}}}}{{#if:{{{ex5|}}} |, {{trim|{{{ex4}}}}} ama {{trim|{{{ex5}}}}} |{{sp}}ama {{trim|{{{ex4}}}}}}} |{{sp}}ama {{trim|{{{ex3}}}}}}} |{{sp}}ama {{trim|{{{ex2}}}}}}} |}} |maaddadan}}'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}} |Dhibaatada gaarka ah waa: '''{{{reason}}}.''' }} {{#if:{{{talk|}}} |Fiiri [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}&#x23;{{{talk}}}|bogga wadahadalka]] si aad u hesho faahfaahin. |{{#if:{{{reason|}}}| |Fadlan ku dar cabbirka ''sabab'' ama ''wadahadal'' tusmadaan si aad u sharaxdo dhibaatada ka jirta {{{2|maqaalkan}}}.<includeonly>{{category handler|nocat={{{nocat|}}}|main=[[Category:Articles needing expert attention with no reason or talk parameter]]}}</includeonly> }} }} |fix={{#if: {{{1|}}} |[[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{1}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{1}}}}}]]{{#if:{{{ex2|}}} |{{#if:{{{ex3|}}} |, [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex2}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex2}}}}}]]{{#if:{{{ex4|}}} |, [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex3}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex3}}}}}]]{{#if:{{{ex5|}}} |, [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex4}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex4}}}}}]] ama [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex5}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex5}}}}}]] |&nbsp;ama [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex4}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex4}}}}}]]}} |&nbsp;ama [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex3}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex3}}}}}]]}} |&nbsp;ama [[Wikipedia:WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex2}}}}}|WikiProject {{ucfirst:{{{ex2}}}}}]]}} |}} waxaa laga yaabaa inay awoodaan inay gacan ka geystaan qorista khabiir. |<br /><small>''Marka aad gelineyso sumaddan, tixgeli [[:Template:Expert needed#Parameters|in aad ku xirto codsigan]] [[WP:WikiProject|Mashruuca Wiki]].''</small><includeonly>{{category handler|nocat={{{nocat|}}}|main=[[Category:Articles needing unspecified expert attention]]}}</includeonly> }} | date = {{{date|<noinclude>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}</noinclude>}}} | cat = Articles needing expert attention | all = All articles needing expert attention }}<!-- Qaybaha dheeraadka ah -->{{category handler |nocat={{{nocat|<noinclude>true</noinclude>}}} |main={{Expert needed/catcheck|{{{1|}}}}}{{Expert needed/catcheck|{{{ex2|}}}}}{{Expert needed/catcheck|{{{ex3|}}}}}{{Expert needed/catcheck|{{{ex4|}}}}}{{Expert needed/catcheck|{{{ex5|}}}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Ku dar xiriiriyayaasha qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc --> </noinclude> a7dzjt3ny9l5gph0f4gfl29qnrquxyj 10 52937 309092 2026-09-22T21:40:26Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= <!--{{Hoax}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hal-abuur been abuur ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = delete | class = ambox-hoax | issue = {{#if:{{{section|}}}|Qaybtan|Maqaalkan}} '''wuxuu ka kooban yahay agab laga yaabo inuu noqdo mid [[WP:Do not create hoaxes|been-abuur ama hal-abuur aan jirin]]'''. | fix = {{{fix|Fadlan si taxadar leh u xaqiiji wixii sheegashooyin ah e... 309092 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= <!--{{Hoax}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hal-abuur been abuur ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = delete | class = ambox-hoax | issue = {{#if:{{{section|}}}|Qaybtan|Maqaalkan}} '''wuxuu ka kooban yahay agab laga yaabo inuu noqdo mid [[WP:Do not create hoaxes|been-abuur ama hal-abuur aan jirin]]'''. | fix = {{{fix|Fadlan si taxadar leh u xaqiiji wixii sheegashooyin ah ee laga soo xigtay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo isla markaana ku dar [[WP:Reliable sources|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]] wixii sheegashooyin ah ee aan la xigin. Haddii aan la xaqiijin karin sheegashooyinka, tixgeli in aad tirtirto qaybta su'aasha ku jirta {{{2|iyo/ama aad u sharaxdo maqaalka in loo gudbiyo [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion|tirtirid]]}}}. Fadlan ka eeg faahfaahinta [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]].}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Wikipedia suspected hoax articles }}<!--{{Hoax}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Qaybaha waxay aadaan bogga hoosaadka /doc, interwikis-kuna waxay aadaan Wikidata. --> </noinclude> jk01psh2iovcsh9cz3bp96lzotyke4m 10 52938 309093 2026-09-22T21:41:03Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Cilmi-baaris asal ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Original_research | small = {{{small|}}} | issue = {{{part|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}}}}} '''wuxuu ka kooban karaa [[Wikipedia:No original research|cilmi-baaris asal ah]]'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|{{{reason|}}}}} | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaaji] adigoo WP:Verifiability|xa... 309093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = Cilmi-baaris asal ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | class = ambox-Original_research | small = {{{small|}}} | issue = {{{part|{{{1|Maqaalkan}}}}}} '''wuxuu ka kooban karaa [[Wikipedia:No original research|cilmi-baaris asal ah]]'''. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|{{{reason|}}}}} | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaaji] adigoo [[WP:Verifiability|xaqiijinaya]] sheegashooyinka la sameeyay oo ku daraya [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Inline citations|tixraacyada dhexda ah]]. Bayaannada ka kooban cilmi-baarista asal ah oo keliya waa la tirtiri karaa. | removalnotice = yes | talk = {{{discuss|}}} | cat = Maqaallada laga yaabo inay ka kooban yihiin cilmi-baaris asal ah | all = Dhammaan maqaallada laga yaabo inay ka kooban yihiin cilmi-baaris asal ah | date = {{{date|}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> fq95dfvkauin5zsg2r0aflr3vyamwfo 10 52939 309094 2026-09-22T21:41:25Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Section OR}} begin-->{{Original research|section|date={{{date|}}}|reason={{{reason|}}} }}<!--{{Section OR }} end--> }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 309094 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Section OR}} begin-->{{Original research|section|date={{{date|}}}|reason={{{reason|}}} }}<!--{{Section OR }} end--> }}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> eha565sl739d9qqwdmhp82usldf0mtr 10 52940 309095 2026-09-22T21:42:01Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Speculation}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Male-awaal iyo saadaalin | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = content | image = [[File:Emoji_u1f52e.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa inay ka kooban yihiin [[WP:CRYSTAL|saadaalin]] aan la xigin, agab male-awaal ah, ama warbixinno ku saabsan dhacdooyin aan dhici karin''' ama aan weli sugna... 309095 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Speculation}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Male-awaal iyo saadaalin | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{{small|}}} | type = content | image = [[File:Emoji_u1f52e.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | sect = {{{1|}}} | issue = '''waxaa laga yaabaa inay ka kooban yihiin [[WP:CRYSTAL|saadaalin]] aan la xigin, agab male-awaal ah, ama warbixinno ku saabsan dhacdooyin aan dhici karin''' ama aan weli sugnayn. | fix = Macluumaadku waa inuu ahaadaa mid [[WP:V|la xaqiijin karo]] isla markaana ku salaysan [[WP:RS|ilo daabacan oo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Fadlan ka caawi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo] adigoo tirtiraya nuxurka male-awaalka ah ee aan la xigin. | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Articles containing predictions or speculation | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Speculation}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> cxhwxfzw3rdn9acgv11yk9qfluta9ov 10 52941 309096 2026-09-22T21:42:22Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Speculation|section | name = Speculation section | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 309096 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__|$B= {{Speculation|section | name = Speculation section | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | date = {{{date|}}} | talk = {{{talk|}}} | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 4a1vqqy5zs6bapid9h7ezlha8j26p6u 10 52942 309097 2026-09-22T21:42:58Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Synthesis}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Isku-darka macluumaadka asaliga ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[file:Ambox question.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan ama qaybtan}}} '''suurtagal ma aha inuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:SYNTH|isku-dubarid ama isku-darka asaliga ah]]'''. Agabka isha waa inuu Wikipedia:Verifiability|si la... 309097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Synthesis}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Isku-darka macluumaadka asaliga ah | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[file:Ambox question.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan ama qaybtan}}} '''suurtagal ma aha inuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:SYNTH|isku-dubarid ama isku-darka asaliga ah]]'''. Agabka isha waa inuu [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|si la xaqiijin karo u xusaa]] isla markaana uu [[Wikipedia:Content removal#Irrelevant information|la xiriiraa]] mawduuca ugu weyn. | talk = {{{talksection|#}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles that may contain original research | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Synthesis}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, ee halkan ha ku darin! --> </noinclude> j6w2i2mhkdddhh84c3kofsg08ts5jpi 10 52943 309098 2026-09-22T21:43:34Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Verifiability}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xaqiijin karitaan | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50px|alt=icon]] | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = '''[[WP:V|Awoodda la xaqiijin karo]] ee sheegashooyinka ka dhex muuqda maqaalkan waxaa ka taagan muran.''' | fix = Fadlan ka gacan ka geyso [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la ha... 309098 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Verifiability}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Xaqiijin karitaan | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50px|alt=icon]] | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | issue = '''[[WP:V|Awoodda la xaqiijin karo]] ee sheegashooyinka ka dhex muuqda maqaalkan waxaa ka taagan muran.''' | fix = Fadlan ka gacan ka geyso [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijinaya]] tixraacyadiisa isla markaana [[Template:Citation needed|tirtiraya]] wixii aan ahayn [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|kuwa lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ama aan [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|taageerayn maqaalka]]. Doodda ay quuseyso waxaa laga heli karaa [[:{{NAMESPACE}} talk:{{PAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]]. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles lacking reliable references | all = All articles lacking reliable references | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Verifiability}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 6xnk4rpqr320zqh9pnmpybj82mdp49q 10 52944 309099 2026-09-22T21:44:13Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{Template for merging/dated|page=Verify sources|otherpage=Cite check|link=Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2026 September 20#Template:Verify sources|help=off|bigbox={{#invoke:Noinclude|noinclude|text=yes}}}} {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Verify sources}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hubi tixraacyada | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = File:Question book-new.svg|50x40... 309099 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Template for merging/dated|page=Verify sources|otherpage=Cite check|link=Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2026 September 20#Template:Verify sources|help=off|bigbox={{#invoke:Noinclude|noinclude|text=yes}}}} {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Verify sources}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hubi tixraacyada | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = Tifaftiraha ayaa muujiyey walaac ku aaddan in {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|maqaalkan}} '''uu yeelan karo tiro ka mid ah [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#Inline citations|tixraacyo]] aan khusayn oo shaki ku jiro'''. | fix = Fadlan ka gacan ka geyso [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo maqaalkan] adigoo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijinaya]] tixraacyadan isla markaana [[Template:Citation needed|caqabad ku noqonaya]] ama tirtiraya wixii aan ahayn [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|kuwa lagu kalsoonaan karo]] ama aan [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|taageerayn maqaalka]]. | talk = {{{talk|}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Wikipedia references cleanup | all = All articles needing references cleanup | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Verify sources}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Ku dar qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc, interwikis-kuna u dir Wikidata, ee halkan ha ku darin --> </noinclude> 4pc9i6fi8coubxdxxh6v9wpcm7iny99 10 52945 309100 2026-09-22T21:45:17Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Citations broken}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Tixraacyada jaban | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu isticmaalaa [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyo]] [[WP:Link rot|ku xiraya ilo jaban ama duqoobay]]'''. {{#if:{{{details|}}}|{{{details|}}}}} | f... 309100 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Citations broken}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Tixraacyada jaban | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = content | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu isticmaalaa [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyo]] [[WP:Link rot|ku xiraya ilo jaban ama duqoobay]]'''. {{#if:{{{details|}}}|{{{details|}}}}} | fix = Fadlan {{plain link|url={{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaaji maqaalka}} adigoo [[WP:LR|wax ka qabanaya xiriiriyayaasha jaban]] ama ka wada hadlaya arrintan [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|bogga wadahadalka]]. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles with broken or outdated citations | all = All articles with broken or outdated citations | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Citations broken}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> cb3ozptqc1p9ls72owvaq2qtezhvkk5 10 52946 309101 2026-09-22T21:45:58Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Format footnotes}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Qaabaynta tixraacyada hoose | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:CITE#Types of citation|tixraacyo dhexda ah]] oo aan si habboon [[Help:Footnotes|loogama qaabeynin]]'''. | fix = Fadlan <span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME}}|&action=edit}} hagaaji]</span> maqaalkan... 309101 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Format footnotes}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Qaabaynta tixraacyada hoose | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[WP:CITE#Types of citation|tixraacyo dhexda ah]] oo aan si habboon [[Help:Footnotes|loogama qaabeynin]]'''. | fix = Fadlan <span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME}}|&action=edit}} hagaaji]</span> maqaalkan adigoo adeegsanaya [[{{SITENAME}}:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check|sixitaanka tixraacyada]]. {{#if:{{{reason|}}}|{{{reason}}}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | all = Articles needing footnote reformatting | cat = Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify | all2 = All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Format footnotes}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> bg94wfpf2kclnkwy4atq0385w99k9o0 10 52947 309102 2026-09-22T21:46:28Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Ref expand}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = {{{name|Ballaarinta tixraacyada}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyo]] ka sii buuxa oo loo heli karo Wi... 309102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{SAFESUBST:<noinclude />#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Ref expand}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = {{{name|Ballaarinta tixraacyada}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:substcheck}}</includeonly> | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | type = content | class = ambox-Refimprove | image = [[File:Text document with red question mark.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu u baahan yahay [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|tixraacyo]] ka sii buuxa oo loo heli karo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|xaqiijin]]'''. | fix = Fadlan gacan ka geysta [[Help:Footnotes|kordhinta macluumaadka tixraaca ee ka maqan]] si ilaha xogtu ay si cad u noqdaan kuwo la aqoonsan karo. | removalnotice = yes | talk = {{{talk|}}} | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles with incomplete citations | all = All articles with incomplete citations | all2 = All pages needing cleanup }}<!--{{Ref expand}} end--> }}<noinclude> <!-- Fadlan ku dar qaybaha bogga hoosaadka /doc, waad mahadsantahay --> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> pffk41nz4fktc2cwobq1gu02nk12qkj 10 52948 309103 2026-09-22T21:47:02Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Ibid}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | text = Qaab-dhismeedyada sida ''[[ibid.]]'', ''[[loc. cit.]]'' iyo ''[[idem]]'' waxaa '''laga reebay [[WP:IBID|hab-raaca qaabka Wikipedia ee tixraacyada]]''', maadaama ay si fudud u jabayaan. Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaaji {{{1|maqaalkan}}}] adigoo ku beddelaya Wik... 309103 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Ibid}}} | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | text = Qaab-dhismeedyada sida ''[[ibid.]]'', ''[[loc. cit.]]'' iyo ''[[idem]]'' waxaa '''laga reebay [[WP:IBID|hab-raaca qaabka Wikipedia ee tixraacyada]]''', maadaama ay si fudud u jabayaan. Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaaji {{{1|maqaalkan}}}] adigoo ku beddelaya [[Wikipedia:Footnotes#Naming a ref tag so it can be used more than once|tixraacyo magacaaban]] (''[[Template:Refref/core|hagaha degdegga ah]]''), ama cinwaan la soo gaabiyay. | removalnotice = yes | cat = Articles with ibid | date = {{{date|}}} }} }}<noinclude> <!-- Ku dar qaybaha iyo interwikis-ka bogga hoosaadka /doc, ee halkan ha ku darin! --> {{documentation}} </noinclude> bs91nvzvzinuiguybwth7nsl29sqltf 10 52949 309104 2026-09-22T21:47:36Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Page numbers improve}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hagaajinta lambarrada bogagga | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | image = [[File:Text document with page number icon.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} wuxuu xusaa ilo uu ka soo xigtay '''laakiin inta u dhaxaysa Wikipedia:Citing sources#What information to include|tixraacyada bogaggii... 309104 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Page numbers improve}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Hagaajinta lambarrada bogagga | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | image = [[File:Text document with page number icon.svg|50x40px|link=|alt=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} wuxuu xusaa ilo uu ka soo xigtay '''laakiin inta u dhaxaysa [[Wikipedia:Citing sources#What information to include|tixraacyada bogaggiisu]] waa kuwo aad u ballaaran ama khaldan'''. | fix = Fadlan ka gacan ka geysi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo] adigoo cayimaya tiro-koobyo bogag oo sugan. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles lacking page references | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Page numbers improve}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> o5tw1439mzkr770zno69d4k2jkpi33p 10 52950 309105 2026-09-22T21:48:20Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Page numbers needed}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Lambarrada bogagga ayaa la rabaa | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | image = [[File:Text document with page number icon.svg|50x40px|alt=|link=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} wuxuu xusaa ilaha uu ka soo xigtay '''laakiin ma bixiyo [[WP:CITEHOW|lambarrada bogagga]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka gacan ka geysi [{{fu... 309105 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Page numbers needed}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Lambarrada bogagga ayaa la rabaa | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | image = [[File:Text document with page number icon.svg|50x40px|alt=|link=]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} wuxuu xusaa ilaha uu ka soo xigtay '''laakiin ma bixiyo [[WP:CITEHOW|lambarrada bogagga]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka gacan ka geysi [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} in la hagaajiyo] adigoo bixinaya lambarrada bogagga ee tixraacyada jira. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles lacking page references | removalnotice = yes }}<!--{{Page numbers needed}} end--> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> cs6acl1zph6eyee7qhohy8eazwsmeqd 10 52951 309106 2026-09-22T21:49:03Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Bad linked references}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Unlinked references | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu isticmaalaa [[Wikipedia:shallow references|tixraacyo aan qoto dheerayn ama guud ahaan ah]]''' kuwaas oo ku xiraya bogga hore ama bog sare oo ka tirsan mare... 309106 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= <!--{{Bad linked references}} begin-->{{Ambox | name = Unlinked references | subst = <includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly> | type = style | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu isticmaalaa [[Wikipedia:shallow references|tixraacyo aan qoto dheerayn ama guud ahaan ah]]''' kuwaas oo ku xiraya bogga hore ama bog sare oo ka tirsan mareegaha ay ku jirto dukumiintiga la xigtay. | fix = Fadlan [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} wax ka beddel maqaalka] si xiriiriyaha shabakaddu uu u [[WP:CITEHOW|tilmaamo dukumiintiga la xigtay]]. | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles needing more precise reference URLs | all = All articles needing more precise reference URLs | removal notice = yes }}<!--{{Bad linked references}} end--> }}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 8vjnt46b6c17w6u3k4hvjhkdmytm6av 10 52952 309107 2026-09-22T21:49:42Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Tixraac wareegsan}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | type = content | class = ambox-Unreferenced | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu xusaa Wikipedia (ama ilo macluumaadka ka soo qaata Wikipedia) Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia and sour... 309107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= {{Ambox | name = {{{name|Tixraac wareegsan}}} | subst = {{{subst|<includeonly>{{subst:</includeonly><includeonly>substcheck}}</includeonly>}}} | type = content | class = ambox-Unreferenced | small = {{#if:{{{small|}}}|left}} | image = [[File:Question book-new.svg|50x40px|alt=icon]] | issue = {{{1|Maqaalkan}}} '''wuxuu xusaa Wikipedia (ama ilo macluumaadka ka soo qaata Wikipedia) [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia and sources that mirror or use it|si wareegsan]]'''. | fix = Fadlan ka gacan ka geysi {{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|section|hagaajinta qaybtan|[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} hagaajinta maqaalkan]}} adigoo [[Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia#Repairing insufficient attribution|hagaajinaya wixii tilmaamid ah ee aan dhammaystirnayn]] haddii loo baahdo isla markaana ku daraya tixraacyada [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo]]. Agabka aan la xigin ama xigashadiisu liidato waa la caqabadeyn karaa oo [[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden of evidence|la tirtiri karaa]].<br/><small>{{find sources mainspace}}</small> | date = {{{date|}}} | cat = Articles lacking reliable references | all = All articles lacking reliable references | removalnotice = yes }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> jyvn08zfkjz84z7fmasudds1rauuvg6 10 52953 309133 2026-09-23T03:53:07Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if: {{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P8286}} | {{#if: {{{access-date|{{{accessdate|}}}}}} | {{Cite web | url = https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P8286}}|sep=,}} }} | title = {{#if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }} | publisher = [[Olympedia]] | access-date = {{{acce... 309133 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if: {{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P8286}} | {{#if: {{{access-date|{{{accessdate|}}}}}} | {{Cite web | url = https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P8286}}|sep=,}} }} | title = {{#if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }} | publisher = [[Olympedia]] | access-date = {{{access-date|{{{accessdate|}}}}}} }} | [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P8286}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] at [[Olympedia]] }}<includeonly>{{Edit at Wikidata|pid=P8286|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}</includeonly>{{#if: {{#invoke:String|match|{{PAGENAME}}| career statistics$|ignore_errors=true}} || {{Wikidata check|property=P8286|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Olympedia template with ID|namespaces=0|nocatsame=1}} }} | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Olympedia|Olympedia]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{preview warning|1=To find the ID number, search for [https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/quick_search?query={{urlencode:{{#if: {{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}}} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name|}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }} at Olympedia.org].}}{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0|[[Category:Olympedia template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Please add categories to the /doc subpage & add interwikis to Wikidata. --> </noinclude> pn30a8t8s95hb949lrpniomr0odrxjp 10 52954 309134 2026-09-23T03:53:45Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if: {{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P5815}} | [https://olympics.com/en/athletes/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|{{#property:P5815}}|sep=,}} }} {{ #if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] at [[International Olympic Committee|Olympics.com]]<includeonly>{{Edit at Wikidata|pid=P5815|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}</includeonly>{{Wikidata check|p... 309134 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if: {{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P5815}} | [https://olympics.com/en/athletes/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|{{#property:P5815}}|sep=,}} }} {{ #if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] at [[International Olympic Committee|Olympics.com]]<includeonly>{{Edit at Wikidata|pid=P5815|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}</includeonly>{{Wikidata check|property=P5815|value={{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}|category=Olympics.com template with ID|nocatsame=1}}{{ #if: {{{oc_archive|}}} | <li>[https://web.archive.org/web/{{{oc_archive}}}/https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/athletes/detail/{{ #if: {{{1|{{{id|}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|{{#property:P5815}}|sep=,}} }}/ {{ #if: {{{oc_name|{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}}}}} | {{{oc_name|{{{2|{{{name}}}}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] at OlympicChannel.com (archived)<includeonly>{{Edit at Wikidata|pid=P5815|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}</includeonly> }}{{ #if: {{{org_archive|}}} | <li>[https://web.archive.org/web/{{{org_archive}}}/https://www.olympic.org/{{ #if: {{{org_id|{{{id|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} | {{{org_id|{{{id|{{{1}}}}}}}}} | {{First word|{{#property:P3171}}|sep=,}} }} {{ #if: {{{org_name|{{{2|{{{name|}}}}}}}}} | {{{org_name|{{{2|{{{name}}}}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] at Olympic.org (archived)<includeonly>{{Edit at Wikidata|pid=P3171|{{{org_id|{{{id|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}}}</includeonly>{{ #if: {{Both| {{{id|{{{1|}}}}}} | {{{org_id|}}} }} | {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0|[[Category:Olympics.com template with different ID for Olympic.org]]}} | {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0|[[Category:Olympics.com template with same ID for Olympic.org]]}} }} }} | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:Olympics.com|Olympics.com]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span>{{preview warning|1=To find the ID, see the [https://olympics.com/en/athletes/ Olympics.com search page] or try this [https://www.google.com/search?udm=14&q={{urlencode:{{Remove accents|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}+site%3Aolympics.com%2Fen%2Fathletes%2F Google search].}}{{ #if: {{Both | {{#property:P3171}} | {{{org_archive|}}} }} | <li>[https://web.archive.org/web/{{{org_archive}}}/https://www.olympic.org/{{First word|{{#property:P3171}}|sep=,}} {{PAGENAMEBASE}}] at Olympic.org (archived)<includeonly>{{Edit at Wikidata|pid=P3171}}</includeonly> }}{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0|[[Category:Olympics.com template missing ID and not in Wikidata]]}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|0|[[Category:Pages using Olympics.com template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using &#123;&#123;[[Template:Olympics.com|Olympics.com]]&#125;&#125; template with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| 1 | 2 | id | name | oc_name | oc_archive | org_id | org_name | org_archive }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Please add categories to the /doc subpage & add interwikis to Wikidata --> </noinclude> ht83dw1ia57r35zn6ydfo74ny7zkui0 10 52955 309135 2026-09-23T03:54:21Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#if:{{{nobullet|}}}||* }}Career statistics from {{#invoke:String|join|{{space}}·{{space}}|{{#if: {{{mlb|}}} | [https://www.mlb.com/player/{{{mlb}}} MLB] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P3541}} | [https://www.mlb.com/player/{{Wikidata|property|P3541}} MLB] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P3541}}}} }}|{{#if: {{{espn|}}} | [https://www.espn.com/mlb/player/stats/_/id/{{{espn}}} ESPN] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P3571}} | [https://www.espn.com/mlb/player/stats/_/id/{{Wikidata|prope... 309135 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{nobullet|}}}||* }}Career statistics from {{#invoke:String|join|{{space}}·{{space}}|{{#if: {{{mlb|}}} | [https://www.mlb.com/player/{{{mlb}}} MLB] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P3541}} | [https://www.mlb.com/player/{{Wikidata|property|P3541}} MLB] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P3541}}}} }}|{{#if: {{{espn|}}} | [https://www.espn.com/mlb/player/stats/_/id/{{{espn}}} ESPN] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P3571}} | [https://www.espn.com/mlb/player/stats/_/id/{{Wikidata|property|P3571}} ESPN] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P3571}}}} }}|{{#if: {{{id|}}} {{{br|}}} | [https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/{{{id|}}}{{{br|}}}.shtml Baseball Reference] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P1825}} | [https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/{{Wikidata|property|P1825}}.shtml Baseball Reference] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P1825}}}} }}|{{#if: {{{fangraphs|}}} | [https://www.fangraphs.com/statss.aspx?playerid={{{fangraphs}}} Fangraphs] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P3574}} | [https://www.fangraphs.com/statss.aspx?playerid={{Wikidata|property|P3574}} Fangraphs] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P3574}}}} }}|{{#if: {{{brm|}}} | [https://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id={{{brm}}} Baseball Reference (Minors)] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P1826}} | [https://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id={{Wikidata|property|P1826}} Baseball Reference (Minors)] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P1826}}}} }}|{{#if: {{{retro|}}} | [https://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/{{{retro}}}.htm Retrosheet] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P6976}} | [https://www.retrosheet.org/boxesetc/P{{Wikidata|property|P6976}}.htm Retrosheet] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P6976}}}} }}|{{#if: {{{almanac|}}} | [https://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p={{{almanac}}} Baseball Almanac] | {{#if: {{Wikidata|property|P4409}} | [https://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p={{Wikidata|property|P4409}} Baseball Almanac] {{EditAtWikidata|pid=P4409}}}} }}}}<!-- Test for lack of any valid parameters: Line 1 are inputs, line 2 are wikidata checks -->{{#if: {{{br|}}} {{{brm|}}} {{{espn|}}} {{{fangraphs|}}} {{{id|}}} {{{mlb|}}} {{{retro|}}} {{{almanac|}}} {{Wikidata|property|P3541}} {{Wikidata|property|P3541}} {{Wikidata|property|P1825}} {{Wikidata|property|P1826}} {{Wikidata|property|P3574}} {{Wikidata|property|P6976}} {{Wikidata|property|P1826}} {{Wikidata|property|P4409}} | | {{main other|[[Category:Pages using baseballstats with unknown parameters|∑{{PAGENAME}}]]}}{{red| Error: [[Template:Baseballstats]] must contain at least one valid parameter name.}} }}<!-- Test for invalid parameters: -->{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters | check | unknown = {{main other|[[Category:Pages using baseballstats with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}} | preview = Page using [[Template:Baseballstats]] with unknown parameter "_VALUE_" | ignoreblank = y | br | brm | espn | fangraphs | id | mlb | retro | nobullet | almanac }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> ai53z58zuyoz06e9u6lrg8xeusxg6h7 10 52956 309136 2026-09-23T03:54:45Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if:{{{nba|{{#property:P3647}}}}}{{{bbr|{{#property:P2685}}}}} |{{#if:{{{nobullet|}}}||*}}Career statistics from {{#if:{{{nba|}}} |[{{ifnumber|{{{nba}}}|https://stats.nba.com/player/{{{nba}}}/|{{#ifeq:{{str find|{{{nba}}}|/}}|-1|https://www.nba.com/playerfile/{{lc:{{{nba}}}}}|https://www.nba.com/players/{{{nba}}}}}}} NBA.com] |{{#if:{{#property:P3647}}|[https://stats.nba.com/player/{{First word|1={{#property:P3647}}|sep=,}}/ NBA.com]{{EditAtWikidata|nbsp=y|pid=P3647}}}} }... 309136 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{nba|{{#property:P3647}}}}}{{{bbr|{{#property:P2685}}}}} |{{#if:{{{nobullet|}}}||*}}Career statistics from {{#if:{{{nba|}}} |[{{ifnumber|{{{nba}}}|https://stats.nba.com/player/{{{nba}}}/|{{#ifeq:{{str find|{{{nba}}}|/}}|-1|https://www.nba.com/playerfile/{{lc:{{{nba}}}}}|https://www.nba.com/players/{{{nba}}}}}}} NBA.com] |{{#if:{{#property:P3647}}|[https://stats.nba.com/player/{{First word|1={{#property:P3647}}|sep=,}}/ NBA.com]{{EditAtWikidata|nbsp=y|pid=P3647}}}} }}{{#if:{{{bbr|{{#property:P2685}}}}} |{{#if:{{{nba|{{#property:P3647}}}}}|{{space}}·{{space}}}}[https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/{{#if: {{{bbr|}}} | {{{bbr}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P2685}}|sep=,}} }}.html Basketball Reference]{{EditAtWikidata|nbsp=y|pid=P2685|{{{bbr|}}}}} }} }}{{#if:{{{wnba|{{#property:P3588}}}}}{{{wbbr|{{#property:P4561}}}}} |{{#if:{{{nobullet|}}}||*}}Career statistics from {{#if:{{{wnba|}}} |[{{ifnumber|{{{wnba}}}|https://stats.wnba.com/player/{{{wnba}}}/|https://www.wnba.com/player/{{{wnba}}}/}} WNBA.com] |{{#if:{{#property:P3588}}|[https://www.wnba.com/player/{{First word|1={{#property:P3588}}|sep=,}}/ WNBA.com]{{EditAtWikidata|nbsp=y|pid=P3588}}}} }}{{#if:{{{wbbr|{{#property:P4561}}}}} |{{#if:{{{wnba|{{#property:P3588}}}}}|{{space}}·{{space}}}}[https://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/players/{{#if: {{{wbbr|}}} | {{{wbbr}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P4561}}|sep=,}} }}.html Basketball Reference]{{EditAtWikidata|nbsp=y|pid=P4561|{{{wbbr|}}}}} }} }}{{#if:{{if both|{{{sr|{{#property:P3696}}}}}|{{#ifeq:{{{wbbr|{{#property:P4561}}}}}{{{bbr|{{#property:P2685}}}}}||bbr}}|yes}} |{{#if:{{{nobullet|}}}||*}}Career statistics from {{#if:{{{sr|}}} |[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/{{{sr}}}.html Sports Reference] |{{#if:{{#property:P3696}}|[https://www.sports-reference.com/cbb/players/{{First word|1={{#property:P3696}}|sep=,}}.html Sports Reference]{{EditAtWikidata|nbsp=y|pid=P3696}}}} }} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> rxbe1n060fje3i1misptvplaiq356hi 10 52957 309139 2026-09-23T03:59:18Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: Biographical information and career statistics from {{#if:{{{nhl<includeonly>|{{#property:P3522}}</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.nhl.com/player/{{{nhl<includeonly>|{{#property:P3522}}</includeonly>}}} NHL.com]{{#if:{{{elite<includeonly>|{{#property:P2481}}</includeonly>}}}{{{espn|{{#property:P3687}}}}}{{{euro|{{#property:P2601}}}}}{{{hr|{{#property:P3598}}}}}{{{legendsm|}}}{{{hockeydb|{{#property:P2602}}}}}{{{tsn|}}}{{{pwhl|{{#property:P13198}}}}} |, or&nbsp; }} }}{{#if:{{{el... 309139 wikitext text/x-wiki Biographical information and career statistics from {{#if:{{{nhl<includeonly>|{{#property:P3522}}</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.nhl.com/player/{{{nhl<includeonly>|{{#property:P3522}}</includeonly>}}} NHL.com]{{#if:{{{elite<includeonly>|{{#property:P2481}}</includeonly>}}}{{{espn|{{#property:P3687}}}}}{{{euro|{{#property:P2601}}}}}{{{hr|{{#property:P3598}}}}}{{{legendsm|}}}{{{hockeydb|{{#property:P2602}}}}}{{{tsn|}}}{{{pwhl|{{#property:P13198}}}}} |, or&nbsp; }} }}{{#if:{{{elite<includeonly>|{{#property:P2481}}</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.eliteprospects.com/player.php?player={{{elite<includeonly>|{{#property:P2481}}</includeonly>}}}&lang=en 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}}{{#if:{{{hr<includeonly>|{{#property:P3598}}</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.hockey-reference.com/players/{{{hr<includeonly>|{{#property:P3598}}</includeonly>}}}{{#if:{{#invoke:string|endswith|{{{hr|{{#property:P3598}}}}}|.html}}||.html}} Hockey-Reference.com]{{#if:{{{legendsm<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}{{{hockeydb|{{#property:P2602}}}}}{{{tsn|}}}{{{pwhl|{{#property:P13198}}}}} |, or&nbsp; }} }}{{#if:{{{legendsm<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.hhof.com/LegendsOfHockey/jsp/LegendsMember.jsp?mem={{{legendsm}}} Legends of Hockey]{{#if:{{{legends<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}{{{hockeydb|{{#property:P2602}}}}}{{{tsn|}}}{{{pwhl|{{#property:P13198}}}}} |, or&nbsp; }} }}{{#if:{{{hockeydb<includeonly>|{{#property:P2602}}</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/pdisplay.php?pid={{#if: {{{hockeydb<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} | {{{hockeydb}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P2602}}|sep=,}} }} The Internet Hockey Database]{{#if:{{{tsn<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}{{{pwhl|{{#property:P13198}}}}} |, or&nbsp; }} }}{{#if:{{{tsn<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.tsn.ca/nhl/player-bio/{{{tsn}}} TSN.ca]{{#if:{{{pwhl<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} |, or&nbsp; }} }}{{#if:{{{pwhl<includeonly>|{{#property:P13198}}</includeonly>}}} |[https://www.thepwhl.com/en/stats/player/{{{pwhl<includeonly>|{{#property:P13198}}</includeonly>}}}/ ThePWHL.com]}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 49atx7tpz4mid1leh4rcwvdm5bf18gy 10 52958 309140 2026-09-23T04:00:19Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: * Career statistics from {{ #if: {{{nfl|}}} | [http://www.nfl.com/players/{{{nfl}}}/stats/ NFL.com]{{ #if: {{{cfl|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{afl|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{espn|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{cbs|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{yahoo|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{s... 309140 wikitext text/x-wiki * Career statistics from {{ #if: {{{nfl|}}} | [http://www.nfl.com/players/{{{nfl}}}/stats/ NFL.com]{{ #if: {{{cfl|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{afl|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{espn|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{cbs|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{yahoo|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{cfl|}}} | [https://www.cfl.ca/index.php?module=roster&func=display&ros_id={{{cfl}}} CFL.ca]{{ #if: {{{espn|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{afl|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{cbs|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{yahoo|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{afl|}}} | [http://www.arenafan.com/players/{{{afl}}}/ ArenaFan]{{ #if: {{{espn|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{cbs|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{yahoo|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{espn|}}} | [http://www.espn.com/nfl/player/stats/_/id/{{{espn}}} ESPN]{{ #if: {{{cbs|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{yahoo|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{cbs|}}} | [https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/players/playerpage/{{{cbs}}} CBS Sports]{{ #if: {{{yahoo|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{yahoo|}}} | [https://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/players/{{{yahoo}}}/ Yahoo Sports]{{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{fox|}}} | [http://msn.foxsports.com/nfl/player/{{{fox}}} Fox Sports]{{ #if: {{{si|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{si|}}} | [http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/football/nfl/players/{{{si}}}/ Sports Illustrated]{{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{pfr|}}} | [https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/{{#invoke:String|replace|source={{{pfr}}}|pattern=^(%u)(%a)|replace=%1/%1%2|count=1|plain=false}}.htm Pro Football Reference]{{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | {{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | }} }} }}{{ #if: {{{rotoworld|}}} | [https://www.rotoworld.com/player/nfl/{{{rotoworld}}} Rotoworld]{{ #if: {{{dbf|}}} | {{space}}·{{space}} | |}} }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> 04y12ojysaagxr7uj4wu1am788cytvq 10 52959 309143 2026-09-23T04:24:34Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>Kani [[Help:Category|qayb]] wuxuu ka kooban yahay {{#ifeq:{{{type|both}}}|subcat|keliya [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Subcategorization|qaybo-hoosaadyada]] '''{{nobreak|{{PAGENAME}}}}'''.<br/><br/>[[Category:Container categories]]|[[Wikipedia:User pages|bogagga isticmaalayaasha]] {{#ifeq:{{{type|both}}}|both|iyo [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Subcategorization|qaybo-hoosaadyada]]}} ee {{#switch:{{{1|1}}}|1='''dadka hadda deggan|2='''[[Citizenship|muwaadiniinta]] ama Place... 309143 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>Kani [[Help:Category|qayb]] wuxuu ka kooban yahay {{#ifeq:{{{type|both}}}|subcat|keliya [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Subcategorization|qaybo-hoosaadyada]] '''{{nobreak|{{PAGENAME}}}}'''.<br/><br/>[[Category:Container categories]]|[[Wikipedia:User pages|bogagga isticmaalayaasha]] {{#ifeq:{{{type|both}}}|both|iyo [[Wikipedia:Categorization#Subcategorization|qaybo-hoosaadyada]]}} ee {{#switch:{{{1|1}}}|1='''dadka hadda deggan|2='''[[Citizenship|muwaadiniinta]] ama [[Place of birth|dhaladka]]|3='''[[Lineal descendant|faraca]] [[Place of birth|dhalad]]|4='''[[Wikipedia:Wikipedians|isticmaalayaasha]] xiisaynaya|5='''xubnaha|6='''ka-qaybgalayaasha firfircoon ee|ERROR}} {{#switch:{{{1|1}}}|1|2|3|4={{{2|ERROR}}}'''.<br/>Goobta|5|6={{nobreak|{{{3|ERROR}}}}}'''.<br/>Si aad ugu biirto {{nobreak|{{{3|ERROR}}}}}, {{#if:{{{4|}}}|ku dar [[Special:MyPage|boggaaga isticmaalaha]] [[{{{4|}}}|'''liiska {{#ifeq:{{{1|1}}}|6|ka-qaybgalayaasha|xubnaha}}''']].<br/>Kadib}} geli|ERROR}} {{#switch:{{{number|any}}}|1=xariiqda soo socota|2=mid ka mid ah labada xariiq ee soo socda|any=mid ka mid ah xariiqyada soo socda}} ee [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] [[Special:MyPage|boggaaga isticmaalaha]] si aad ugu darto qaybtan:}} </includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> o2wrxuazklyagwvq086feqgdpyjiach 10 52960 309144 2026-09-23T04:26:17Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#if:{{{1|}}}|&#8239;{{{1}}}&#8239;|&#8239;}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 309144 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{1|}}}|&#8239;{{{1}}}&#8239;|&#8239;}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> slmr4la4an7m0jn09s65niii0swq6nf 10 52961 309145 2026-09-23T04:26:42Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> 309145 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}</noinclude> kbzrkvp0pytlzb8rh9slhwx72xtzl0m 10 52962 309147 2026-09-23T04:27:43Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation | content = Places four consecutive non-breaking spaces (&amp;nbsp;) in a row. ==Sidoo kale eeg== {{Inline spacing templates}} [[Category:Inline spacing templates]] [[Category:Typing-aid templates]] }}</noinclude> 309147 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation | content = Places four consecutive non-breaking spaces (&amp;nbsp;) in a row. ==Sidoo kale eeg== {{Inline spacing templates}} [[Category:Inline spacing templates]] [[Category:Typing-aid templates]] }}</noinclude> syh4cwwztb7htrpaj4h18udps4m7e0x 309148 309147 2026-09-23T04:28:14Z Isma4l 41797 309148 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation | content = Waxay dhigtaa afar meelood oo isku xigta oo aan jabin (&nbsp;) oo isku xiga. ==Sidoo kale eeg== {{Inline spacing templates}} [[Category:Inline spacing templates]] [[Category:Typing-aid templates]] }}</noinclude> tjy7e724p6jv0mlgspozmv1270tdikq 10 52963 309149 2026-09-23T04:29:05Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{Navbox | name = Tusmooyinka kala-fogaanshaha gudaha | title = [[:Category:Tusmooyinka kala-fogaanshaha gudaha|Tusmooyinka kala-fogaanshaha gudaha]] | listclass = hlist | state = plain | group1 = Calaamadaha meel bannaan ee aan kala go'in | list1 = * {{tl|figure space}} * {{tl|hair space}} * {{tl|narrow no-break space}} * {{tl|five non-breaking spaces}} 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41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>&#x2060;</includeonly><noinclude>{{doc}}</noinclude> 309150 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>&#x2060;</includeonly><noinclude>{{doc}}</noinclude> 89sveenyktd2adwjp80l8xfoytyofnl 10 52965 309151 2026-09-23T04:30:25Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>&zwj;</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD THIS TEMPLATE'S CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> 309151 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>&zwj;</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD THIS TEMPLATE'S CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --> </noinclude> mpoweq5w956mup234q22jk0uq6wuujn 10 52966 309152 2026-09-23T04:31:15Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <noinclude>{{#tag:syntaxhighlight|</noinclude><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">{{zero width joiner}}</span><noinclude>|lang=html}} {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES ON THE DOCUMENTATION PAGE. --> </noinclude> 309152 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{#tag:syntaxhighlight|</noinclude><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">{{zero width joiner}}</span><noinclude>|lang=html}} {{Documentation}} <!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES ON THE DOCUMENTATION PAGE. --> </noinclude> 80cbuzaak4atmshim26ipzylf8wupw3 10 52967 309153 2026-09-23T04:32:48Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: | {{longitem|Related compounds}} | {{{otherCompounds|}}} |-<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 309153 wikitext text/x-wiki | {{longitem|Related compounds}} | {{{otherCompounds|}}} |-<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> trxvd7t2jb34t5y41hhrsurkwzmq81e 309154 309153 2026-09-23T04:33:20Z Isma4l 41797 309154 wikitext text/x-wiki | {{longitem|Isku dhisyada la xiriira}} | {{{otherCompounds|}}} |-<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 1xmv75tutinamyxn947pxgj3ihzjlao 10 52968 309155 2026-09-23T04:33:58Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: | {{longitem|[[Ion|Anion]]o kale}} | {{{otherAnions|}}} |-<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 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|-<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 7gzl2rw0v3spxm6gf3s8mbeergehvw0 10 52971 309160 2026-09-23T04:36:32Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <!-- 3DMet has been down for years, so don't display anything (see [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Chemicals#3DMET database dead?]] --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 309160 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- 3DMet has been down for years, so don't display anything (see [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Chemicals#3DMET database dead?]] --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> nzdxfpz8i6cvet4ynpqn8bv13wn8zs5 10 52972 309161 2026-09-23T04:37:21Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if:{{{data|}}}| {{!}} [[ChemSpider]] {{!}} {{{data|}}} {{!}}- }}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 309161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{data|}}}| {{!}} [[ChemSpider]] {{!}} {{{data|}}} {{!}}- }}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 0fewclv7bgpmpi0b9hy5q72jy2j24n3 10 52973 309162 2026-09-23T04:38:00Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if:{{{data|}}}| {{!}} [[ChEBI]] {{!}} 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{{#if:{{{legal_status|}}}{{{legal_AU|}}}{{{legal_BR|}}}{{{legal_CA|}}}{{{legal_NZ|}}}{{{legal_UK|}}}{{{legal_US|}}}{{{legal_EU|}}}{{{legal_UN|}}}{{{Legal_status|}}}{{{Legal_AU|}}}{{{Legal_BR|}}}{{{Legal_CA|}}}{{{Legal_UK|}}}{{{Legal_US|}}}{{{Legal_EU|}}}{{{Legal_UN|}}}{{{legal_AU_comment|}}}{{{legal_BR_comment|}}}{{{legal_CA_comment|}}}{{{legal_NZ_comment|}}}{{{legal_UK_comment|}}}{{{legal_US_comment|}}}{{{legal_EU_comment|}}}{{{legal_UN_comment|}}}{{{Legal_status|}}}{{{Legal_AU|}}}{{{Legal_BR|}}}{{{Legal_CA|}}}{{{Legal_NZ|}}}{{{Legal_UK|}}}{{{Legal_US|}}}{{{Legal_UN|}}}{{{Legal_EU|}}}{{{Legal_AU_comment|}}}{{{Legal_BR_comment|}}}{{{Legal_CA_comment|}}}{{{Legal_NZ_comment|}}}{{{Legal_UK_comment|}}}{{{Legal_US_comment|}}}{{{Legal_UN_comment|}}}{{{Legal_EU_comment|}}} |{{Chembox Legal_status |legal_status={{{Legal_status|}}} |legal_AU={{{Legal_AU|}}} |legal_BR={{{Legal_BR|}}} |legal_CA={{{Legal_CA|}}} |legal_DE={{{Legal_DE|}}} |legal_NZ={{{Legal_NZ|}}} |legal_UK={{{Legal_UK|}}} |legal_US={{{Legal_US|}}} |legal_EU={{{Legal_EU|}}} |legal_UN={{{Legal_UN|}}} |legal_AU_comment={{{Legal_AU_comment|}}} |legal_BR_comment={{{Legal_BR_comment|}}} |legal_CA_comment={{{Legal_CA_comment|}}} |legal_DE_comment={{{Legal_DE_comment|}}} |legal_NZ_comment={{{Legal_NZ_comment|}}} |legal_UK_comment={{{Legal_UK_comment|}}} |legal_US_comment={{{Legal_US_comment|}}} |legal_EU_comment={{{Legal_EU_comment|}}} |legal_UN_comment={{{Legal_UN_comment|}}} }}}} }}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 6t21sqtc5x9y8ijhicid4emrsc4w1lb 10 52997 309188 2026-09-23T04:55:13Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if:{{{ExternalSDS|}}}{{{GHSPictograms|}}}{{{GHSSignalWord|}}}{{{HPhrases|}}}{{{PPhrases|}}}{{{MainHazards|}}}{{{IngestionHazard|}}}{{{InhalationHazard|}}}{{{EyeHazard|}}}{{{SkinHazard|}}}{{{NFPA-F|}}}{{{NFPA-H|}}}{{{NFPA-I|}}}{{{NFPA-R|}}}{{{NFPA-S|}}} {{{FlashPt|}}}{{{FlashPtC|}}}{{{FlashPtF|}}}{{{FlashPtK|}}} {{{AutoignitionPt|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtC|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtF|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtK|}}}{{{AutoignitionPt_notes|}}} {{{ExploLimits|}}}{{{PEL|}}}{{{REL|}}}{{{IDLH|}}}{{{T... 309188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{ExternalSDS|}}}{{{GHSPictograms|}}}{{{GHSSignalWord|}}}{{{HPhrases|}}}{{{PPhrases|}}}{{{MainHazards|}}}{{{IngestionHazard|}}}{{{InhalationHazard|}}}{{{EyeHazard|}}}{{{SkinHazard|}}}{{{NFPA-F|}}}{{{NFPA-H|}}}{{{NFPA-I|}}}{{{NFPA-R|}}}{{{NFPA-S|}}} {{{FlashPt|}}}{{{FlashPtC|}}}{{{FlashPtF|}}}{{{FlashPtK|}}} {{{AutoignitionPt|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtC|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtF|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtK|}}}{{{AutoignitionPt_notes|}}} {{{ExploLimits|}}}{{{PEL|}}}{{{REL|}}}{{{IDLH|}}}{{{TLV|}}}{{{TLV-TWA|}}}{{{TLV-STEL|}}}{{{TLV-C|}}}{{{LD50|}}}{{{LDLo|}}}{{{LC50|}}}{{{LCLo|}}} |<!-- then: ----- HEADER ----- -->{{Chembox headerbar |header=Hazards |ref={{{Hazards_ref|}}}<!-- ----- maintenance cats ----- -->|addTestCategories=<!-- -->|addMainCategories={{#if:{{{GHSPictograms|}}}{{{GHSSignalWord|}}}{{{HPhrases|}}}{{{PPhrases|}}}|[[Category:Chembox having GHS data]]}}<!-- ----- templatepar ----- -->|templatepar={{#invoke:TemplatePar |check |template=Template:Chembox Hazards |all= |opt= Hazards_ref= ExternalSDS= GHSPictograms= GHSSignalWord= GHS_ref= HPhrases= PPhrases= MainHazards= IngestionHazard= InhalationHazard= EyeHazard= SkinHazard= NFPA-F= NFPA-H= NFPA-I= NFPA-R= NFPA-S= NFPA_ref= FlashPt= FlashPtC= FlashPtF= FlashPtK= FlashPt_notes= FlashPt_ref= AutoignitionPt= AutoignitionPtC= AutoignitionPtF= AutoignitionPtK= AutoignitionPt_ref= AutoignitionPt_notes= ExploLimits= TLV= TLV-TWA= TLV-STEL= TLV-C= LD50= LDLo= LC50= LCLo= PEL= REL= IDLH= NIOSH_id= NIOSH_ref= |cat=Pages using Chembox with unknown parameters |format=0|preview={{Chembox templatePar/formatPreviewMessage|msg=@@@}}|errNS=0}}<!-- ----- END HEADERBAR -->}}<!-- ----- START DATA ROWS ----- --><!-- OHS --> {{#if:{{{MainHazards|}}}{{{IngestionHazard|}}}{{{InhalationHazard|}}}{{{EyeHazard|}}}{{{SkinHazard|}}} |{{Chembox OHS (set) | MainHazards = {{{MainHazards|}}} | IngestionHazard = {{{IngestionHazard|}}} | InhalationHazard = {{{InhalationHazard|}}} | EyeHazard = {{{EyeHazard|}}} | SkinHazard = {{{SkinHazard|}}} | OHS_ref = {{{OHS_ref|}}} }}}}<!-- GHS --> {{#if:{{{GHSPictograms|}}}{{{GHSSignalWord|}}}{{{HPhrases|}}}{{{PPhrases|}}} |{{Chembox GHS (set) |GHS_ref = {{{GHS_ref|}}} |GHSpics = {{{GHSPictograms|}}} |GHSword = {{{GHSSignalWord|}}} |GHSbareword = {{KillMarkers|{{{GHSSignalWord|}}}}} |Hphrases = {{{HPhrases|}}} |Pphrases = {{{PPhrases|}}} }} }} <!-- NFPA box --> {{#if:{{{NFPA-H|}}}{{{NFPA-F|}}}{{{NFPA-I|}}}{{{NFPA-R|}}}{{{NFPA-S|}}}{{{NFPA-O|}}}|{{Chembox NFPA |NFPA-F={{{NFPA-F|}}}|NFPA-H={{{NFPA-H|}}}|NFPA-I={{{NFPA-I|{{{NFPA-R|}}}}}}|NFPA-S={{{NFPA-S|{{{NFPA-O|}}}}}}|NFPA_Ref={{{NFPA_ref|}}}{{{NFPA_Ref|}}}<!-- accept uc and lc (not a bot param) -->|showimage={{{showimage|yes}}}|cat={{{cat|yes}}} }}}}<!-- FLASH PT etc --> {{#if:{{{FlashPt|}}}{{{FlashPtC|}}}{{{FlashPtF|}}}{{{FlashPtK|}}}{{{FlashPt_notes|}}} |{{Chembox FlashPt |data={{Chembox CalcTemperatures |temp_text={{{FlashPt|}}} |temp_C={{{FlashPtC|}}} |temp_F={{{FlashPtF|}}} |temp_K={{{FlashPtK|}}} |temp_unit={{#if:{{{FlashPtC|}}} |C |{{#if:{{{FlashPtF|}}} |F |{{#if:{{{FlashPtK|}}} |K}} }}}} |temp_ref={{{FlashPt_ref|}}} |temp_notes={{{FlashPt_notes|}}} }} }} }} {{#if:{{{AutoignitionPt|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtC|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtF|}}}{{{AutoignitionPtK|}}}{{{AutoignitionPt_notes|}}} |{{Chembox AutoignitionPt |data={{Chembox CalcTemperatures |temp_text={{{AutoignitionPt|}}} |temp_C={{{AutoignitionPtC|}}} |temp_F={{{AutoignitionPtF|}}} |temp_K={{{AutoignitionPtK|}}} |temp_unit={{#if:{{{AutoignitionPtC|}}} |C |{{#if:{{{AutoignitionPtF|}}} |F |{{#if:{{{AutoignitionPtK|}}} |K}} }}}} |temp_ref={{{AutoignitionPt_ref|}}} |temp_notes={{{AutoignitionPt_notes|}}} }} }}}} {{#if:{{{ExploLimits|}}}|{{Chembox ExploLimits |value={{{ExploLimits}}} }}}} {{#if:{{{TLV|}}}{{{TLV-TWA|}}}{{{TLV-STEL|}}}{{{TLV-C|}}}|{{Chembox TLV |value={{{TLV|}}} |value1={{{TLV-TWA|}}} |value2={{{TLV-STEL|}}} |value3={{{TLV-C|}}} }}}} {{#if:{{{LD50|}}}{{{LDLo|}}}{{{LC50|}}}{{{LCLo|}}} |{{Chembox Lethal amounts (set) |LD50={{{LD50|}}} |LDLo={{{LDLo|}}} |LC50={{{LC50|}}}|LCLo={{{LCLo|}}} }}}} {{#if:{{{PEL|}}}{{{REL|}}}{{{IDLH|}}} |{{Chembox NIOSH (set) |PEL={{{PEL|}}} |REL={{{REL|}}} |IDLH={{{IDLH|}}} |NIOSH_id={{{NIOSH_id|}}} |NIOSHidOK={{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:string|find|source={{{NIOSH_id|_}}} |target=^%d%d%d%d$|plain=false}}>0|yes|no}} |NIOSH_ref={{{NIOSH_ref|}}} }}}}<!-- exernal SDS --> {{#if:{{{ExternalSDS|}}} |{{Chembox SDS |ExternalSDS={{{ExternalSDS|}}} }}}}<!-- end of section template Chembox Hazards -->}}<!-- --><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> hm30r4x0k8dp2e0slkqcbi1agkl4y5r 10 52998 309189 2026-09-23T04:55:35Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if:{{{OtherAnions|}}}{{{OtherCations|}}}{{{Function|}}}{{{OtherFunction_label|}}}{{{OtherFunctn|}}}{{{OtherFunction|}}}{{{OtherCpds|}}}{{{OtherCompounds|}}} |<!-- then: ----- HEADER ----- -->{{Chembox headerbar |header=Related compounds |ref={{{Related_ref|}}}<!-- ----- maintenance cats ----- -->|addMainCategories=<!-- ----- templatepar ----- -->|templatepar={{#invoke:TemplatePar |check |template=Template:Chembox Related |all= |opt= Related_ref= OtherAnions= OtherCations= O... 309189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{OtherAnions|}}}{{{OtherCations|}}}{{{Function|}}}{{{OtherFunction_label|}}}{{{OtherFunctn|}}}{{{OtherFunction|}}}{{{OtherCpds|}}}{{{OtherCompounds|}}} |<!-- then: ----- HEADER ----- -->{{Chembox headerbar |header=Related compounds |ref={{{Related_ref|}}}<!-- ----- maintenance cats ----- -->|addMainCategories=<!-- ----- templatepar ----- -->|templatepar={{#invoke:TemplatePar |check |template=Template:Chembox Related |all= |opt= Related_ref= OtherAnions= OtherCations= 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empty|{{{1|}}}|{{{id|}}}}}|type={{{type|}}}}} {{if empty|{{{2|}}}|{{{name|}}}}}]<noinclude> {{Documentation}} </noinclude> af2lp19bb7ab84kh6s0ogwuv6r8vn0g 10 53000 309194 2026-09-23T05:00:14Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#if:{{{First|}}} |<table class="wikitable sortable"> <tr>{{ #if:{{{Name|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">Name</th>}}{{ #if:{{{GNIS|}}} |<th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">USGS link</th>}}{{ #if:{{{CGNDB|}}} |<th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">CGNDB link</th>}}{{ #if:{{{State|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">State</th>}}{{ #if:{... 309194 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if:{{{First|}}} |<table class="wikitable sortable"> <tr>{{ #if:{{{Name|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">Name</th>}}{{ #if:{{{GNIS|}}} |<th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">USGS link</th>}}{{ #if:{{{CGNDB|}}} |<th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">CGNDB link</th>}}{{ #if:{{{State|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">State</th>}}{{ #if:{{{Province|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">Province</th>}}{{ #if:{{{County|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">County</th>}}{{ #if:{{{Region|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">Region</th>}}{{ #if:{{{Topo|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">USGS map</th>}}{{ #if:{{{NTS|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">NTS map</th>}}{{ #if:{{{Coord|}}}{{{lat_d|}}}{{{long_d|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc">Coordinates</th>}}{{ #if:{{{Elevation m|}}}{{{Elevation|}}}{{{Elevation ft|}}} |<th scope="col" style="background-color: #ebe1cc" colspan=2>Elevation</th>}} </tr>}}<tr class="vcard" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">{{ #if:{{{Name|}}} |<td class="fn org">[[{{{Name|}}} 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|<td>{{{Topo|}}}</td>}}{{ #if:{{{NTS|}}} |<td>{{{NTS|}}}</td>}}{{ #if:{{{Coord|}}} |<td>{{#invoke:coordinates|coordinsert|{{{Coord|}}}|type:mountain|{{#if:{{{State|}}}|region:US-{{{State|}}}|{{#if:{{{Province|}}}|region:CA-{{{Province|}}}|{{#if:{{{CGNDB|}}}|region:CA}} }} }}|{{#if:{{{GNIS|}}}|source:gnis-{{{GNIS|}}} }}|name={{{Name|}}}}}</td>}}{{ #if:{{{Elevation|}}} |<td align right colspan=2>{{{Elevation|}}}</td>|{{ #if:{{{Elevation m|}}} |<td style="text-align:right">{{Nts|{{formatnum:{{{Elevation m|}}}|R}}}}&nbsp;m</td><td style="text-align:right">{{convert|{{{Elevation m|}}}|m|disp=output only|abbr=on}}</td>|{{ #if:{{{Elevation ft|}}} |<td style="text-align:right">{{Nts|{{formatnum:{{{Elevation ft|}}}|R}}}}&nbsp;ft</td><td style="text-align:right">{{convert|{{{Elevation ft|}}}|ft|disp=output only|abbr=on}}</td>}}}}}}</tr>{{ #if:{{{Last|}}}|</table>}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation}}<!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --></noinclude> sp0yl9rohioaerwqedvziiefg36is4e 10 53001 309195 2026-09-23T05:00:40Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2824|from={{{qid|}}}}} | {{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=cite encyclopedia |_exclude=qid,id |_alias-map=2:entry,name:entry |entry-url=https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/{{urlencode:{{if empty|{{{1|}}}|{{{id|}}}| {{First word|1={{#property:P2824|from={{{qid|}}}}}|sep=,}}}}}} |entry={{PAGENAME}} |encyclopedia=Gazetteer... 309195 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#if: {{{1|}}}{{{id|}}}{{#property:P2824|from={{{qid|}}}}} | {{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=cite encyclopedia |_exclude=qid,id |_alias-map=2:entry,name:entry |entry-url=https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/{{urlencode:{{if empty|{{{1|}}}|{{{id|}}}| {{First word|1={{#property:P2824|from={{{qid|}}}}}|sep=,}}}}}} |entry={{PAGENAME}} |encyclopedia=Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature |publisher=USGS Astrogeology Research Program }} | {{Citation error|no {{para|id}} specified and not present in Wikidata|Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature|nocat={{main other||true}}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage and interwikis in Wikidata, not here! --> </noinclude> tnpxvo7xywel3j6ppfyvv5dfyt8fzja 10 53002 309198 2026-09-23T05:01:43Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: https://geonames.nga.mil/geon-ags/rest/services/RESEARCH/GIS_OUTPUT/MapServer/0/query?outfields=*&where=full_name%3D+%27{{urlencode:{{#invoke:String|replace|{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{1|}}}|%s+%b()$||1|false}}|,.+$||1|false}}}}%27<noinclude> {{documentation}}</noinclude> 309198 wikitext text/x-wiki https://geonames.nga.mil/geon-ags/rest/services/RESEARCH/GIS_OUTPUT/MapServer/0/query?outfields=*&where=full_name%3D+%27{{urlencode:{{#invoke:String|replace|{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{1|}}}|%s+%b()$||1|false}}|,.+$||1|false}}}}%27<noinclude> {{documentation}}</noinclude> c5cuuawgl6phj0kcs5m8yvxm466p6v8 10 53003 309199 2026-09-23T05:02:14Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#ifeq: {{{name|}}}{{{title|}}}{{{2|}}} | | {{citation error|no <kbd>name</kbd> specified|cite gns}} | {{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=cite web | _exclude=id,guid,ufi | _alias-map=2:title,3:access-date,name:title,entrydate:date,entry-date:date | url ={{#if:{{{ufi|}}}|{{GEOnet ufi search|{{{ufi|}}}}}|<!-- -->{{GEOnet name search|{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{{title|}}}|{{{2|}}}}}}}}} | website = [[GEOnet Names Server]] }} }}</i... 309199 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#ifeq: {{{name|}}}{{{title|}}}{{{2|}}} | | {{citation error|no <kbd>name</kbd> specified|cite gns}} | {{#invoke:Template wrapper|wrap|_template=cite web | _exclude=id,guid,ufi | _alias-map=2:title,3:access-date,name:title,entrydate:date,entry-date:date | url ={{#if:{{{ufi|}}}|{{GEOnet ufi search|{{{ufi|}}}}}|<!-- -->{{GEOnet name search|{{if empty|{{{name|}}}|{{{title|}}}|{{{2|}}}}}}}}} | website = [[GEOnet Names Server]] }} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} <!-- PLEASE 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{{#if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] at the [[Official World Golf Ranking]] official site<includeonly>{{EditAtWikidata|pid=P3568|{{{1|{{{id|}}}}}}}}</includeonly> | <span class="error">&#123;&#123;[[Template:OWGR|OWGR]]&#125;&#125; template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.</span> }}<noinclude> {{Documentation}}<!-- Please add categories to the /doc subpage & add interwikis to Wikidata. --> </noinclude> i2kv13nr4w83vn2avexwyxx3mq8g3lv 10 53007 309203 2026-09-23T05:06:10Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if: {{{1<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}} {{{id|}}} {{#property:P12018}} | [https://www.rolexrankings.com/players/{{#if: {{{1|{{{id<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{1|{{{id}}}}}} | {{First word|1={{#property:P12018}}|sep=,}} }} {{#if: {{{2|{{{name<includeonly>|</includeonly>}}}}}} | {{{2|{{{name}}}}}} | {{PAGENAMEBASE}} }}] at the [[Women's World Golf Rankings]] official 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