Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.22 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3444 310072 266893 2026-10-07T07:30:58Z Mirlim 38703 310072 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Gnome-2.6-en.png|right|thumb|GNOME 2.6, March 2004]] '''Linuks''' ([[:w:en:Linux|Linux]]) Waa barnaamijyo isku-duub ah oo loogu talo galay in lagu maamulo kombuyuutarada. Linuks wuxuu ka soo farcamay [[:w:en:Unix|Unix]] waxaana aasaasay [[:w:en:Linus_Torvalds|Linus Torvalds]] sannadku markuu ahaa 1991. Linuks waxaa u sal ah [[:w:en:Linux_kernel|Linux Kernel]] oo ay isku duba ridaan guddi uu ka mid yahay Linus Torvalds oo loo yaqaano [[:w:en:Linux_Foundation|The Linux Foundation]] linux waxa lagu isticmaali karaa waxa alaala waxaad u baahato isda haakiin garaynta websaytyada, iimaylada iyo wixii la mid ah linux waa uu ka faa'iido badan yahay waxa kale oo dhan oo faa'iidooyinkiisa waxa ka mid ah in aanuu koombuyuutarka fayras kaa galin sidoo kale waxa muhiimadiisa ka mid ah in aad ku isticmaalil kartid waxaad doonayso inaad dowloadgaraysato kaas oo fayras leh se aanuu waxba ka qaadayn fayrasku. [[File:ASRock K7VT4A Pro Mainboard.jpg|220px|thumb|right| Gudaha Computerka, xubinta ugu muhiimsan]] Linuks waa bilaash(lacag la'aan) qofkii rabaa isticmaali kara, wax ka bedeli kara siina fidin kara wuxuuna ku saleysan yahay xeer loo yaqaano [[:w:en:GNU_General_Public_License|GNU General Public License]]. Waxaa jira barnaamijyo badan oo Linux ah oo ay si wada jir ah isugu soo duba-rideen farsamo-yaqaanno badan waxaana ka mid ah [[:w:en:Ubuntu_(operating_system)|Ubuntu]], [[:w:en:Fedora_(operating_system)|Fedora]], [[:w:en:Redhat|Redhat]], [[:w:en:Debian_(operating_system)|Debian]], [[:w:en:OpenSUSE|OpenSUSE]] iyo qaar kale oo badan. Linux waa ka fiican yahyay obaratarada kale oo dhan, waanaa bilaash === Kumbuyuutarka miiska (DeskTop Computer) === koombuyuutarka miisku waxa kale oo loo ya qaanaa Desktop oo isaga lama qaad qaadi karo sidoo kale aad ayuu u weyn waxaanaa loogu talo galay in lagu isticmaalo xafiisyada oo aan la qaad qaadin [[GNU koombuyuutar gaarah]] [[:w:en:Linux_Foundation|Aasaasidii linux]] [[File:Personal computer, exploded 4.svg|thumb|right|300px|Kumbuyuutar]] == Aasaaska kumbuyuutarka == '''Kumbuyuutar''' waa aalad lagu isticmaalo meelo aad u tiro badan oo ka mid ah nolosha bulashada. Nolosha casriga ah oo aan hada ku jirno waxaa aad u adag in la'helo '''xirfad''' lagu shaqeeyo oo aanan la’isticmaalin aaladan kumbuyuutarka ah. Qoraalkan gaaban waxaan rabaa in aan si sahlan ugu sharxo sida uu kumbuyuutarka u shaqeeyo. Waxaana hubaal ah in intiina badan oo qoraalkan akhrisanayso, in ay isticmaaleen aalada lo yaqaano kombuyuutarka. Arrin aasaasi ah oo u baahan in uu fahmo qofwalba oo raba in uu waxka fahmo '''teknolojiyada casriga''' ah ayaa waxay tahay: '''''In kumbuyuutarku uusan qabankarin wax uu san biniaadanka qabankarin ama ku fekerikarin.''''' Waxaa hubaal ah in uusan aduunka jirin kumbuyuutar uu sameeyay wax aan beniaadam ahayn. Sababaha ugu wacan in ay kumbuyuutarada ku soo bataan goobaha wax soo saarka sida warshadaha, isbitaalada IWM ('''I'''yo '''W'''ixii la''''M'''id ah), waa sida ay u qabankaraan howlaha soo noqnoqda asaga oo aanan daalin uun qaladkiisuna aad u yaryahay haddii loo feeriyo mida uu qofka beniaadamka ah qabto. Arinkakale oo uu kumbuyuutarka kaga duwan yahay dadka ayaa wax ay tahay in uu si dhaqsileh ku qabankaro howlaha xisaabaadka u baahan. Sida aynu ognahay xisaabta laga rabo in uu kobmuyuutarka yaqaano ayaa waxay tahay oo kaliya '''Iskudar''' iyo '''Kalajar'''. Iskudhufashada iyo Isuqaybinta waxay ka yimaadaan labada aanu horey u soo sheegnay. Kumbuyuutarka oo gebigiisaba ku salaysan farsamada '''elektarooniga''' ah ayaa waxa uu yaqaanaa oo kaliya tirada '''0''' iyo '''1''' kuwaas oo luqada Ingriiska ahi lagu yiraahdo '''bits'''. Sababta uusan kombuyuutarka u aqoonin wax aanan ahayn '''0''' iyo '''1''' waxaa ugu wacan ku tiirsanaanta uu ku tiirsanyahay korontoda. Si ay qaybaha kala duwan ee kombuyuutarka u wada xiriiraan, ayaa waxa ay isku fahmi karaan oo kaliya koronto waa joogtaa ama koronto ma’joogto. '''1''' wuxuu u dhigmaa korontaa joogto meesha '''0''' uu u dhigmo koronto ma’joogto. Sidaasi darteed ayaa xisaabaadka uu xisaabo kumbuyuutarka loogu magacaaba '''binary-math'''. [[File:GNOME Shell.png|right|thumb|GNOME 3.0, April 2011]] == Samayska kumbuyuutarka == kumbuyuutarku waxa uu u qaybsamaa laba qaybood oo kala ah HARDWARE oo ah samayska iyo walxaha uu ka kooban yahay kumbuyuutarku, iyo SOFTWARE oo ah barnaamijyada uu ku shaqeeyo kumbuyuutarku. == Taariikhda kumbuyuutarka == Taariikhda horu marinta kumbuyuutarka iyo horu marintiisu waa wax ilaa hadda socda sidii loo kordhin lahaa xawaarihiisa, ama loo yarayn lahaa qaab dhismeedkooda ama loo kor loogu qaadi lahaa qaadkooda. Intaan la samayn kumbuyuutarka qabanaya hawlaha badana dadku waxay isticmaali jireen inay isticmaalaan hababka caadi ah si ay wax u xisaabiyaan Ilaa uu soo baxay '''kalkuleetarka''' waxa lagu xisaabiyo kaas oo fududeeyay xisaabtii. Kalkuleetarkii ayaa la horu marinayay maalinba maalinka ka danbaysa ilaa sannadihii afartaneeyadii kaas oo sees u noqday in lasoo saaro qalab badan oo loo adeegsado isgaadhsiinta iyo waxbarashadaba. Guusha laga gaadhay soo saarida kubyuutarka waxay bilaabantay wixii ka danbeeyay soddomeeyadii ilaa afartameeyadii qarnigii labaatanaad, waxaana loogu soo daray astaamaha gaarka ah ee kumbuyuutarka casriga ah sida adeegsiga elektrooniga ah ee ku shaqeeya nidaamka '''digita'' ama nambarada ( waxa badankooda daahfuray '''kalood shanon''' sannadkii '''1937'''dii) iyo habka barnaamijaynta. kombuyuutarkii ugu horreeyay ee qabanayay shaqooyin guud waxa uu ahaa ENIAC oo lagu sameeyay maraykan kuna salaysnaa habka toban tiriska '''1946''' == Noocyada Kumbuyuutarada == Kombuyuutarada waxaa loo kala qeybiyaa: Kumbuyuutarada miiska, kuwa dhabta, kuwa calaancahsa iyo kuwa waaweyn oo loo yaqaano Super Computers (Kumbuyuutarada Heer sare ah ah). [[File:Personal_computer%2C_exploded_2.svg|thumb|right|300px|Kumbuyuutar]] === Kumbuyuutarka miiska (DeskTop Computer) === Waa kumbuyuutarda ugu badan e la'siticmaalo, waxaan la gu siticmaalaa Xafiisyada, Dukaamada, Isbitaalda iyo Guryahaba. [[File:Desktop computer clipart - Yellow theme.svg|thumb|left|200px|Kumbuyuutarka Miiska]] <br style="clear: left"/> === Kumbuyuutarka Dhabta ama Boorsada (Laptop Computer) === Waa kuwo loogu talagalay dadka aan shakhada ku qabanin meel joogto ah, oo gala safaro ha noqdeen kuwo dhaadheer ama kuwo magalada gudaheeda ah. [[File:IBM_Thinkpad_R51.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Kumbuyuutarka dhabta/boorsada]] <br style="clear: left"/> === Kumbuyuutarka Calaancasha (Palm/PDA) === waxaa loogu talagalay dadka aanan u baahnay awood wayn ay ku qabtan kubuyuutarka lakiin u baahan in ay jadwalkooda shaqada iyo balamahooda wax ka bedelaan iyo in ay rabaa in ay aqristaan waraaqahooda elektrooniga ah (e-mail). [[File:PDA_HP.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Kumbuyuutarka calaancasha (PDA)]] <br style="clear: left"/> fikrada waxa aiska leh Mahdi abdirizak dahir oo ah nin cilmiga komputerada ku ta khukhusay === Kumbuyuutarka superka (Super Computer) === waxay qabtaan howlo qaas ah, sida naqshdaynta, maamulida dayaxgacmeedyada IWM.kv [[File:Cray_XM-P_-_NASA.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Super Kumbuyuutar]]<br style="clear: left"/> {{stub}} [[Category:Teknooloji]] bwm3slzxv7j83bdxrm39lcuwizbcodv 0 4040 310056 284040 2026-10-06T12:40:05Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 /* Waddanmaha Caf */ 310056 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Confederation_of_African_Football_member_associations_map.svg|400px|thumb|right|CAF- cecefa - Ethiopia, Somalia , comoros,Djibouti,Sudan,Uganda]] '''CAF''' ([[Ingiriis (luqad)|Af-Ingiriis]]: African Football Confederation).([[Af-Carabi]]:الإتحاد الأفريقي لكرة القدم) waa hey'ada maamusha, Koontaroosha ciyaaraha [[Kubadda Cagta]] ee ka dhaca Qaarada [[Afrika]] * [[FIFA]] *[[CECAFA]] *[[UNIFFAC]] *[[COSAFA]] *[[WAFU]] https://fr.cafonline.com/ * [http://www.cafonline.com/ CAF] [[File:Soccerball mask.svg|right|200px|]] ==Koobka CAF == * CAF African Nations Cup * CAF African Nations Cup'''U17''' * Caf Champions league * Caf Super cup * CAF CECAFA CUP * CAF UNAF CUP * CAF WAFU CUP * CAF CECAFA CUP '''U17''' * CAF UNAF CUP '''U17''' * CAF WAFU CUP '''U17''' * CAF COSAFA CUP '''U17''' * CAF COSAFA CUP ==Waddanmaha Caf== * [[Soomaaliya Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Uganda Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Djibouti Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Somaliland kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Eritrea Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Masar Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Sudan Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka South Sudan Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Algeria kubada]] * [[Waddanka Ethiopia Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Morocco kubada]] * [[Waddanka Tunisia kubada]] * [[Waddanka Libya Kubada]] * [[Waddanka DRC Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Angola Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka South Africa Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Zambia Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Comoros Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Mozambique Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Eswatini Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Zimbabwe Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Malawi kubedka] * [[Waddanka Ghana Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Ivory Coast Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Burkina Faso Kubedka]] ==Sido Kale fiiri== * [[Afrika]] [[Category:Ciyaaraha]] [[Category:Ururada caalamiga ah]] imbcsmp96qvtzp80amepw54irmnoyaw 0 6574 310074 278619 2026-10-07T10:26:36Z Dabayl 12159 310074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | official_name = waridaad | other_name = ورإضاض | native_name = <small>''waridad''</small> | nickname = | settlement_type = Magaalo | motto = | image_skyline = | imagesize = 230×230 | image_caption = Muqalka Sare magalada war-idaad | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = Somaliland | pushpin_map = Somaliland | pushpin_relief = yes | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Meesha ay ka dhacdo Somaliland | latd = 9| latm = 17| lats = 0| latNS = N | longd = 46 | longm = 15 | longs = 0| longEW = E | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_region = SO-TO | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|somaliland}} | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Somaliland}} | subdivision_type2 = [[Degmo|Deegaanka]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Saraar]] | subdivision_type3 = Degmo | subdivision_name3 = waridaad | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Duqa-magaalada | leader_name = Eng Abdirisaq saleban gaaz | established_title = Jama Awad Ali indhadero | established_date = 1950 | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 0 | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 31,382 | population_density_km2 = | timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code =+252 63 | blank_name = [[Cimilo]] | blank_info = [[Lamadegaan|BWh]] | website = }} Waxaa dega magaalada beelaha muuse abokor [[Reeryoonis]] sida '''[[looge maxamed]]''' , '''[[allamagan maxamed]]''' iyo '''[[caafi baale]]''' '''Waridaad''' (waridad. '''waridaad''' ({{lang-so|''waridaad''}}, {{lang-ar|ورإضاض}} ''Waridaad''' waa magaalada kala badha ama aan idhaahdo waa xundhurta waxaan mara jidka [[wadada ceerigaabo]], Ee [[Jamhuriyada]], [[somaliland]] gaar ahaana waxa ay ka tirsantahay gobolka [[saraar]] waxaanay ku taalaa magaaladu degaan qurxoon waxa ay ka mid tahay magaalooyinka taariikhda wayn ku leh wadanka [[somaliland]] wakhtigii dowladihii hore ee wixii Soomaaliya laysku odhan jiray waxay ahaan jirtay (beel daajiso)iminkase waa degmo buuxda waana degmda ugu deegaanka balaadhan Somaliland waxaa hoos yimaada oo ay xukuntaa in ka badan 50 tuulo waxa ku nool dad lagu qiyaaso ilaa 30.000 oo qof waxa ay aad uga duwantahay degmooyin badan waayo waxa ay koobsataa oo ay u dhaxaysaa buuraha iyo banaanka, xoolaha iyo beeraha taariikhdeeda waxaa kamida wakhtiyadii aan la hirgelin qorista farta afka somaliga ee wax lagu qoran jiray carabiga iyo ingriisida warqad laga dirayay waridaad kuna qorayd afka carabiga loona dirayay dabagoroyaale ayaa lagu bilaabayay sidan " min khabari nacjah ilaa diisinaciim" oo macneheedu yahay kasocoto waridaad ku socoto dabagoroyaale,waxaan odhan karaa qofka markaa warqada qorayay wuxuu turjumayay magaalooyinkan magacyadooda oo noqonaya "war-idaad" bimacnalkelima warkii idaha iyo diis-naciim oo iyana noqonaysa dabagorayaale bimacnal kelimah dabadii gorayada, magaaladani waxay dhacdaa degaan aad u istiraatiiji ah waxay u dhexaysaa buurahan silsilada golis iyo buur-dhaab magalada marka aad joogto dhanka howda waxaa kaa qabanaya kayn iyo dhul dhir qurxoon ku taalo dhankeeda waqooyigana waa banaad waxaa ku soo faafa dooxa ama aan idhaahdee webiga qalalan ee togdheer loo yaqaan waxay xidhiidhisaa gobolka sanaag iyo togdheer waxaa laga helaa caro aad moodo in loo diyaariyay in wax lagu beerto iyo batuux aad u qurxoon leh oo runtii waa dal-san, dhulkan ay ku taalo magaaladan waa dhul sidoo kale u fiican xoolaha iyo sidaan hare u sheegnayba beeraha. Geesiyaada ka soo jeeda waxaa kamida. == lDadka caanka ee kaso jeeda== *Aadan Tarabbi Jaamac (Tuug-Tarabbi). * Cismaan Maxamuud Jaamac (Dawiil). *Jaamac Cawad Cali (Indhadeero). *Cabdi Cawad Cali Indhadeero. * Jaamac Maxamuud Aadan ( Jaamac Karaaciin). * Qaasim Qodax. *Jaamac Nuux Muuse ( Jaamac Waal) *Abwan calanle muuse maxamed *siciid du ale warsame (awsalawad) ==tuulooyinka hoos yimaada 1.gadhgumreed 2.wiriik 3.muguca 4.balaadhista house 5.balaadhista sare 6.caramadow 7.geesohaye Goljano 3qjcjzepzreelvl3msuhwkih0wkro2l 310075 310074 2026-10-07T10:29:17Z Dabayl 12159 310075 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | official_name = waridaad | other_name = ورإضاض | native_name = <small>''waridad''</small> | nickname = | settlement_type = Magaalo | motto = | image_skyline = | imagesize = 230×230 | image_caption = Muqalka Sare magalada war-idaad | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = Somaliland | pushpin_map = Somaliland | pushpin_relief = yes | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_caption = Meesha ay ka dhacdo Somaliland | latd = 9| latm = 17| lats = 0| latNS = N | longd = 46 | longm = 15 | longs = 0| longEW = E | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_region = SO-TO | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|somaliland}} | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Somaliland}} | subdivision_type2 = [[Degmo|Deegaanka]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Saraar]] | subdivision_type3 = Degmo | subdivision_name3 = waridaad | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Duqa-magaalada | leader_name = Eng Abdirisaq saleban gaaz | established_title = Jama Awad Ali indhadero | established_date = 1950 | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 0 | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 31,382 | population_density_km2 = | timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code =+252 63 | blank_name = [[Cimilo]] | blank_info = [[Lamadegaan|BWh]] | website = }} Waxaa dega magaalada beelaha muuse abokor [[Reeryoonis]] sida '''[[looge maxamed]]''' , '''[[allamagan maxamed]]''' iyo '''[[caafi baale]]''' '''Waridaad''' (waridad. '''waridaad''' ({{lang-so|''waridaad''}}, {{lang-ar|ورإضاض}} ''Waridaad''' waa magaalada kala badha ama aan idhaahdo waa xundhurta waxaan mara jidka [[wadada ceerigaabo]], Ee [[Jamhuriyada]], [[somaliland]] gaar ahaana waxa ay ka tirsantahay gobolka [[saraar]] waxaanay ku taalaa magaaladu degaan qurxoon waxa ay ka mid tahay magaalooyinka taariikhda wayn ku leh wadanka [[somaliland]] wakhtigii dowladihii hore ee wixii Soomaaliya laysku odhan jiray waxay ahaan jirtay (beel daajiso)iminkase waa degmo buuxda waana degmda ugu deegaanka balaadhan Somaliland waxaa hoos yimaada oo ay xukuntaa in ka badan 50 tuulo waxa ku nool dad lagu qiyaaso ilaa 30.000 oo qof waxa ay aad uga duwantahay degmooyin badan waayo waxa ay koobsataa oo ay u dhaxaysaa buuraha iyo banaanka, xoolaha iyo beeraha taariikhdeeda waxaa kamida wakhtiyadii aan la hirgelin qorista farta afka somaliga ee wax lagu qoran jiray carabiga iyo ingriisida warqad laga dirayay waridaad kuna qorayd afka carabiga loona dirayay dabagoroyaale ayaa lagu bilaabayay sidan " min khabari nacjah ilaa diisinaciim" oo macneheedu yahay kasocoto waridaad ku socoto dabagoroyaale,waxaan odhan karaa qofka markaa warqada qorayay wuxuu turjumayay magaalooyinkan magacyadooda oo noqonaya "war-idaad" bimacnalkelima warkii idaha iyo diis-naciim oo iyana noqonaysa dabagorayaale bimacnal kelimah dabadii gorayada, magaaladani waxay dhacdaa degaan aad u istiraatiiji ah waxay u dhexaysaa buurahan silsilada golis iyo buur-dhaab magalada marka aad joogto dhanka howda waxaa kaa qabanaya kayn iyo dhul dhir qurxoon ku taalo dhankeeda waqooyigana waa banaad waxaa ku soo faafa dooxa ama aan idhaahdee webiga qalalan ee togdheer loo yaqaan waxay xidhiidhisaa gobolka sanaag iyo togdheer waxaa laga helaa caro aad moodo in loo diyaariyay in wax lagu beerto iyo batuux aad u qurxoon leh oo runtii waa dal-san, dhulkan ay ku taalo magaaladan waa dhul sidoo kale u fiican xoolaha iyo sidaan hare u sheegnayba beeraha. Geesiyaada ka soo jeeda waxaa kamida. == maayirada soo maray== 1- howl badan ala magan 2- cilmi jaamac looge 3- cabdi laahi jaamac looge 4- cabdi qani saleban gaas looge 5 - hada alamagan == lDadka caanka ee kaso jeeda== *Aadan Tarabbi Jaamac (Tuug-Tarabbi). * Cismaan Maxamuud Jaamac (Dawiil). *Jaamac Cawad Cali (Indhadeero). *Cabdi Cawad Cali Indhadeero. * Jaamac Maxamuud Aadan ( Jaamac Karaaciin). * Qaasim Qodax. *Jaamac Nuux Muuse ( Jaamac Waal) *Abwan calanle muuse maxamed *siciid du ale warsame (awsalawad) ==tuulooyinka hoos yimaada 1.gadhgumreed 2.wiriik 3.muguca 4.balaadhista house 5.balaadhista sare 6.caramadow 7.geesohaye Goljano mnao1prhr6vcyh8gr4unag13eryso8b 310080 310075 2026-10-07T11:30:06Z Isma4l 41797 310080 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = War Idaad | other_name = | native_name = | type = Magaalo | image = | image_size = | caption = | pushpin_map = Sool#Somaliland | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_caption =Goobta ay ku taal Somaliland | subdivision_type = Wadan | subdivision_name = {{flag|Somalia}} | subdivision_type1 =Dhulka sheegta | subdivision_name1 = [[Somaliland]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobol | subdivision_name2 = [[Degmada Caynaba]] | subdivision_type3 = Degmo | subdivision_name3 = [[Sool |Sool]] | leader_title = | leader_name = | established_title = | established_date = | area_total_km2 = | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_total = | population_density_km2 = | time_zone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | coordinates = {{coord|9|17|2|N|46|15|9|E|region:SO|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | website = | footnotes = }} '''War Idaad''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Wandad''', '''Waridad''', ama '''Waridud''' waa degmo ku taal [[Aynabo District|Degmada Caynabo]], oo ka tirsan gobolka [[Sool, Somalia|Sool]] ee [[Somaliland]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mindat.org|url=https://www.mindat.org/feature-50557.html|access-date=2020-12-31|website=www.mindat.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=War Idaad Map {{!}} Somalia Google Satellite Maps|url=http://www.maplandia.com/somalia/tog-dheer/caynabo/war-idaad/|access-date=2020-12-31|website=www.maplandia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Somalia Administrative Map|publisher=reliefweb.int|year=2017|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> Sannadkii 2008-kii, tuulooyinkii ku xeernaa waa la mideeyay waxaana loo dalacsiiyay "Degmada War Idaad", degmooyin kalena oo ku xeernaa waa la isku daray si ay u sameeyaan "Gobolka Saraar" ee cusub. Sannadkii 2020-kii, kuwan waxay noqdeen Degmada Caynabo ee Gobolka Sool. ==Taariikhda== Bishii March 2008, Madaxweynaha Somaliland [[Dahir Riyale Kahin]] wuxuu ku dawaaqay abuurista 16 degmo oo cusub oo ka tirsan lix gobol, waxaana War Idaad ay ka mid noqotay gobolka Saraar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, arrintan waxaa loo arkay tartan caan-raadineed oo loogu talagalay ujeeddooyin doorasho.<ref>{{Cite news |title=ISBAR-BAR DHIG: Tirada Degmooyinka Siilaanyo iyo Rayaale magacaabeen Labadii Sanno ee u dambeeyey Muddo-xilkeeda iyo siyaasadaha ololeysan ee ku lammaan |newspaper=somalilandpost.news |date=2014-05-22 |url=https://somalilandpost.news/isbar-bar-dhig-tirada-degmooyinka-siilaanyo-iyo-rayaale-magacaabeen-labadii-sanno-ee-u-dambeeyey-muddo-xilkeeda-iyo-siyaasadaha-ololeysan-ee-ku-lammaan/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii September 2016, wafdi uu hoggaaminayey Madaxweynaha Somaliland ayaa booqasho ku tagay War Idaad.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Weftiga Siilaanyo oo booqday Soohdinta u kala qaybisa Somaliland Bari iyo Galbeed..Daawo |newspaper=Gobanimo news |date=July 31, 2015 |url=https://www.gobanimonews.com/weftiga-siilaanyo-oo-booqday-soohdinta-u-kala-qaybisa-somaliland-bari-iyo-galbeed-daawo/ |accessdate=2023-03-09 }}</ref> Bishii November 2016, degmada War Idaad waxaa ka dhacay abaar, waxaana Wasiirka Macdanta Somaliland [[Hussein Abdi Dualeh]] uu qaybiyay raashin iyo biyo ay bixisay shirkadda [[Genel Energy]] oo la gaarsiiyay wadarta guud ee 1,600 qoys oo ku nool degmooyinka War Idaad iyo Balli Caraale.<ref>{{Cite news |title=SOMALILAND:WASIIRKA MACDANTA OO QEYBIYEY DEEQ RAASHIN IYO BIYO AY BIXISAY SHIRKADA GENEL ENERGY |newspaper=warsugannews.com |date=2016-11-17 |url=https://warsugannews.com/somalilandwasiirka-macdanta-oo-qeybiyey-deeq-raashin-iyo-biyo-ay-bixisay-shirkada-genel-energy/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii March, dadka deegaanka Cara Madow, ee degmada Waridaad, waxay heleen deeq ay soo direen jaaliyadda Somaliland ee dalka Norway.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Daawo; Dadka Abaartu Ku Dhufatay Ee Ku Nool Deegaanka Waridaad Ee Gobolka Saraar Oo Deeq Lacageed La Gadhsiyay Iyo Durufta Ku Hareeraysan. |newspaper=afkashacabka.com |date=2017-03-25 |url=https://afkashacabka.com/articles/23942/Daawo-Dadku-Abaartu-Nafaysay-Ee-Ku-Dhaqan-Deganka-Cara-Madow-Ee-Degmada-waridaad-Oo-Ka-Tirsan-Gobalka-Saraar-Oo-La-Gadhsiiday-Deeq-Ayso-Direen-Jaliyada-Reer-Somaliland-Ee-Wadanka-Sweedan |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Hay'adda gargaarka caalamiga ah ee [[Islamic Relief]] ayaa deeq raashin ah u qaybisay 400 qoys oo barakacayaal ah oo ku nool War Idaad.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Islamic Relief saving lives in Somalia |newspaper=reliefweb.int |date=2017-04-15 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/islamic-relief-saving-lives-somalia |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la sheegay in deeqaha aan si dhab ah loo gaarsiin meelaha abaartu ugu daran tahay, balse loo leexiyay deegaanno kale oo ay wataan siyaasiyiin awood leh.<ref>{{Cite news |title=CAYNABA-GUDIDII ABAARAHA OO LUNSI BILAABAY, BIYO LOO SOO DHAAMIYAY OO DADKII KU SHUBMEEN IYO BAAQA DADWEYNAHA OO CIRKA MARAYA |newspaper=laascaanood.com |date=2016-12-31 |url=https://www.laascaanood.com/caynaba-gudidii-abaaraha-oo-lunsi-bilaabaybiyo-loo-soo-dhaamiyay-oo-dadkii-ku-shubmeen-iyo-baaqa-dadweynaha-oo-cirka-maraya/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii April 2018, laanta Cali Bare ee beesha Habar Je'lo ayaa ka cabqatay in aan lagu darin dowladda Somaliland iyo saraakiisha ciidanka. Laanta Cali Bare waxay deggan tahay [[Oog]], laakiin qaar ka mid ah waxay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin War Idaad.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Beel ka mid ah beelaha Somaliland Deeganada waaweyn ku leh oo Cabasho soo jeedisay |newspaper=oodweynemedia.com |date=2018-04-16 |url=https://www.oodweynemedia.com/2018/04/16/baaq-beel-ka-mid-ah-beelaha-somaliland-deeganada-waweyn-ku-leh-oo-cabasho-soo-jeedisay/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii November 2018, saldhigga booliska gobolka Saraar wuxuu xiray 10 qof wuxuuna qabtay lix gaari oo ku hawlanaa burburinta dhirta oo gaaraysa 200 oo kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran si sharci darro ah loogu sameeyo dhuxul War Idaad. Wax-soosaarka dhuxusha waxaa la rumeysan yahay inay tahay fal lagu burburinayo daaqa oo ka kobcayay degmada. Lacagaha lagu taageerayo wax-soosaarka sharci-darrada ah waxaa la sheegay inay ka yimaadeen dadka deegaanka Puntland.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Booliska Gobolka Saraar Oo Qabtay Niman Dhuxulaysato ah iyo Gaadiid |newspaper=hargeisapress.com |date=2018-11-04 |url=https://hargeisapress.com/booliska-gobolka-saraar-oo-qabtay-nimandhuxulaysato-ah-iyo-5-baabuur/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii November 2018, wafdi uu hoggaaminayey Madaxweynaha Somaliland ayaa socdaal ku maray deegaankan oo booqday War Idaad, halkaas oo si diiran loogu soo dhaweeyay.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland iyo Weftigii uu Hoggaaminayey oo Caawa Kusoo Hoyday Magaalada Burco |newspaper=warsoor.net |date=2018-11-29 |url=https://www.warsoor.net/madaxweynaha-jamhuuriyadda-somaliland-iyo-weftigii-uu-hoggaaminayey-oo-caawa-kusoo-hoyday-magaalada-burco/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii January 2019, Wasiirka Shaqo-gelinta Somaliland [[Hinda Jama Hersi]] ayaa dhagax dhigtay xarun caafimaad oo hooyada iyo dhallaanka ah oo laga dhisayo War Idaad, taas oo ay gacan ka geysteen deeqo ka yimid dalka [[Qatar]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Daawo: Wasiirka Shaqo Gelinta Iyo Masuuliyiinta Hay'adda Qadar Charity Oo Dhagax Dhigay Xarun Caafimaad Oo Loo Dhisaayo Deegaanka War-Idaad |newspaper=somalilandnation.com |date=2019-01-29 |url=https://somalilandnation.com/2019/01/29/8704/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Waxaa la soo gabagabeeyay bishii May.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Wasiirka Caafimaadka Somaliland Oo Xadhiga Ka Jaray MCH Laga Dhisay Degmada War Idaad Ee Gobolka Saraar. |newspaper=wargeyskadawan.com |date=2019-05-25 |url=https://wargeyskadawan.com/2019/05/25/wasiirka-caafimaadka-somaliland-oo-xadhiga-ka-jaray-mch-laga-dhisay-degmada-war-idaad-ee-gobolka-saraar/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii March 2019, tiro ka mid ah dadka deegaanka degmada War Idaad ayaa qaaday xanuunka [[diphtheria|gawracatada]] waxayna ku daweynayeen isbitaal ku yaal [[Aynaba|Caynabo]], halkaas oo laba qof ay ku geeriyoodeen.<ref>{{Cite news |title=LABA RUUX OO MAGAALADA CAYNABO UGU GEERIYOODAY XANUUNKA GAWRACATADA IYO KUWO KALE OO LA ILDARAN. |newspaper=wajaalenews.net |date=2019-03-25 |url=https://www.wajaalenews.net/?p=96764 |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Roobab culus oo gaaraya 115&nbsp;mm oo ka da'ay War Idaad bishii May 2020 ayaa si xun u saameeyay 70 guri oo ku yaal meelaha hoose iyo 50 guri oo kale.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Somalia Flash Flooding Update #5 |newspaper=OCHA |date=2020-05-16 |url=https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Flash%20Update%205%20-%20final%20for%20publication.pdf |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> ==Sidoo kale eeg== *[[Wadaamagoo]] *[[Oog]] *[[Aynabo]] *[[Garadag]] == Tixraacyada == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Degmooyinka gobolka Sool]] qsk6azvn7rtcr8vzt4dp2unh11wxzqa 310081 310080 2026-10-07T11:32:20Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 310081 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = War Idaad | other_name = | native_name = | type = Magaalo | image = | image_size = | caption = | pushpin_map = Sool#Somaliland | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_caption =Goobta ay ku taal Somaliland | subdivision_type = Wadan | subdivision_name = {{flag|Somalia}} | subdivision_type1 =Dhulka sheegta | subdivision_name1 = [[Somaliland]] | subdivision_type2 = Gobol | subdivision_name2 = [[Degmada Caynaba]] | subdivision_type3 = Degmo | subdivision_name3 = [[Sool |Sool]] | leader_title = | leader_name = | established_title = | established_date = | area_total_km2 = | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_total = | population_density_km2 = | time_zone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]] | utc_offset = +3 | coordinates = {{coord|9|17|2|N|46|15|9|E|region:SO|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | website = | footnotes = }} '''War Idaad''', oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano '''Wandad''', '''Waridad''', ama '''Waridud''' waa degmo ku taal [[Degmada Caynaba|Degmada Caynabo]], oo ka tirsan gobolka [[Sool|Sool]] ee [[Soomaaliya]] maamul ahaan ka tirsan [[Somaliland]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mindat.org|url=https://www.mindat.org/feature-50557.html|access-date=2020-12-31|website=www.mindat.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=War Idaad Map {{!}} Somalia Google Satellite Maps|url=http://www.maplandia.com/somalia/tog-dheer/caynabo/war-idaad/|access-date=2020-12-31|website=www.maplandia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=Somalia Administrative Map|publisher=reliefweb.int|year=2017|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref> Sannadkii 2008-kii, tuulooyinkii ku xeernaa waa la mideeyay waxaana loo dalacsiiyay "Degmada War Idaad", degmooyin kalena oo ku xeernaa waa la isku daray si ay u sameeyaan "Gobolka Saraar" ee cusub. Sannadkii 2020-kii, kuwan waxay noqdeen Degmada Caynabo ee Gobolka Sool. ==Taariikhda== Bishii March 2008, Madaxweynaha Somaliland [[Dahir Riyale Kahin]] wuxuu ku dawaaqay abuurista 16 degmo oo cusub oo ka tirsan lix gobol, waxaana War Idaad ay ka mid noqotay gobolka Saraar. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, arrintan waxaa loo arkay tartan caan-raadineed oo loogu talagalay ujeeddooyin doorasho.<ref>{{Cite news |title=ISBAR-BAR DHIG: Tirada Degmooyinka Siilaanyo iyo Rayaale magacaabeen Labadii Sanno ee u dambeeyey Muddo-xilkeeda iyo siyaasadaha ololeysan ee ku lammaan |newspaper=somalilandpost.news |date=2014-05-22 |url=https://somalilandpost.news/isbar-bar-dhig-tirada-degmooyinka-siilaanyo-iyo-rayaale-magacaabeen-labadii-sanno-ee-u-dambeeyey-muddo-xilkeeda-iyo-siyaasadaha-ololeysan-ee-ku-lammaan/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii September 2016, wafdi uu hoggaaminayey Madaxweynaha Somaliland ayaa booqasho ku tagay War Idaad.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Weftiga Siilaanyo oo booqday Soohdinta u kala qaybisa Somaliland Bari iyo Galbeed..Daawo |newspaper=Gobanimo news |date=July 31, 2015 |url=https://www.gobanimonews.com/weftiga-siilaanyo-oo-booqday-soohdinta-u-kala-qaybisa-somaliland-bari-iyo-galbeed-daawo/ |accessdate=2023-03-09 }}</ref> Bishii November 2016, degmada War Idaad waxaa ka dhacay abaar, waxaana Wasiirka Macdanta Somaliland [[Hussein Abdi Dualeh]] uu qaybiyay raashin iyo biyo ay bixisay shirkadda [[Genel Energy]] oo la gaarsiiyay wadarta guud ee 1,600 qoys oo ku nool degmooyinka War Idaad iyo Balli Caraale.<ref>{{Cite news |title=SOMALILAND:WASIIRKA MACDANTA OO QEYBIYEY DEEQ RAASHIN IYO BIYO AY BIXISAY SHIRKADA GENEL ENERGY |newspaper=warsugannews.com |date=2016-11-17 |url=https://warsugannews.com/somalilandwasiirka-macdanta-oo-qeybiyey-deeq-raashin-iyo-biyo-ay-bixisay-shirkada-genel-energy/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii March, dadka deegaanka Cara Madow, ee degmada Waridaad, waxay heleen deeq ay soo direen jaaliyadda Somaliland ee dalka Norway.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Daawo; Dadka Abaartu Ku Dhufatay Ee Ku Nool Deegaanka Waridaad Ee Gobolka Saraar Oo Deeq Lacageed La Gadhsiyay Iyo Durufta Ku Hareeraysan. |newspaper=afkashacabka.com |date=2017-03-25 |url=https://afkashacabka.com/articles/23942/Daawo-Dadku-Abaartu-Nafaysay-Ee-Ku-Dhaqan-Deganka-Cara-Madow-Ee-Degmada-waridaad-Oo-Ka-Tirsan-Gobalka-Saraar-Oo-La-Gadhsiiday-Deeq-Ayso-Direen-Jaliyada-Reer-Somaliland-Ee-Wadanka-Sweedan |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Hay'adda gargaarka caalamiga ah ee [[Islamic Relief]] ayaa deeq raashin ah u qaybisay 400 qoys oo barakacayaal ah oo ku nool War Idaad.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Islamic Relief saving lives in Somalia |newspaper=reliefweb.int |date=2017-04-15 |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/islamic-relief-saving-lives-somalia |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la sheegay in deeqaha aan si dhab ah loo gaarsiin meelaha abaartu ugu daran tahay, balse loo leexiyay deegaanno kale oo ay wataan siyaasiyiin awood leh.<ref>{{Cite news |title=CAYNABA-GUDIDII ABAARAHA OO LUNSI BILAABAY, BIYO LOO SOO DHAAMIYAY OO DADKII KU SHUBMEEN IYO BAAQA DADWEYNAHA OO CIRKA MARAYA |newspaper=laascaanood.com |date=2016-12-31 |url=https://www.laascaanood.com/caynaba-gudidii-abaaraha-oo-lunsi-bilaabaybiyo-loo-soo-dhaamiyay-oo-dadkii-ku-shubmeen-iyo-baaqa-dadweynaha-oo-cirka-maraya/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii April 2018, laanta Cali Bare ee beesha Habar Je'lo ayaa ka cabqatay in aan lagu darin dowladda Somaliland iyo saraakiisha ciidanka. Laanta Cali Bare waxay deggan tahay [[Oog]], laakiin qaar ka mid ah waxay sidoo kale ku nool yihiin War Idaad.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Beel ka mid ah beelaha Somaliland Deeganada waaweyn ku leh oo Cabasho soo jeedisay |newspaper=oodweynemedia.com |date=2018-04-16 |url=https://www.oodweynemedia.com/2018/04/16/baaq-beel-ka-mid-ah-beelaha-somaliland-deeganada-waweyn-ku-leh-oo-cabasho-soo-jeedisay/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii November 2018, saldhigga booliska gobolka Saraar wuxuu xiray 10 qof wuxuuna qabtay lix gaari oo ku hawlanaa burburinta dhirta oo gaaraysa 200 oo kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran si sharci darro ah loogu sameeyo dhuxul War Idaad. Wax-soosaarka dhuxusha waxaa la rumeysan yahay inay tahay fal lagu burburinayo daaqa oo ka kobcayay degmada. Lacagaha lagu taageerayo wax-soosaarka sharci-darrada ah waxaa la sheegay inay ka yimaadeen dadka deegaanka Puntland.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Booliska Gobolka Saraar Oo Qabtay Niman Dhuxulaysato ah iyo Gaadiid |newspaper=hargeisapress.com |date=2018-11-04 |url=https://hargeisapress.com/booliska-gobolka-saraar-oo-qabtay-nimandhuxulaysato-ah-iyo-5-baabuur/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii November 2018, wafdi uu hoggaaminayey Madaxweynaha Somaliland ayaa socdaal ku maray deegaankan oo booqday War Idaad, halkaas oo si diiran loogu soo dhaweeyay.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland iyo Weftigii uu Hoggaaminayey oo Caawa Kusoo Hoyday Magaalada Burco |newspaper=warsoor.net |date=2018-11-29 |url=https://www.warsoor.net/madaxweynaha-jamhuuriyadda-somaliland-iyo-weftigii-uu-hoggaaminayey-oo-caawa-kusoo-hoyday-magaalada-burco/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii January 2019, Wasiirka Shaqo-gelinta Somaliland [[Hinda Jama Hersi]] ayaa dhagax dhigtay xarun caafimaad oo hooyada iyo dhallaanka ah oo laga dhisayo War Idaad, taas oo ay gacan ka geysteen deeqo ka yimid dalka [[Qatar]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Daawo: Wasiirka Shaqo Gelinta Iyo Masuuliyiinta Hay'adda Qadar Charity Oo Dhagax Dhigay Xarun Caafimaad Oo Loo Dhisaayo Deegaanka War-Idaad |newspaper=somalilandnation.com |date=2019-01-29 |url=https://somalilandnation.com/2019/01/29/8704/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Waxaa la soo gabagabeeyay bishii May.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Wasiirka Caafimaadka Somaliland Oo Xadhiga Ka Jaray MCH Laga Dhisay Degmada War Idaad Ee Gobolka Saraar. |newspaper=wargeyskadawan.com |date=2019-05-25 |url=https://wargeyskadawan.com/2019/05/25/wasiirka-caafimaadka-somaliland-oo-xadhiga-ka-jaray-mch-laga-dhisay-degmada-war-idaad-ee-gobolka-saraar/ |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Bishii March 2019, tiro ka mid ah dadka deegaanka degmada War Idaad ayaa qaaday xanuunka [[diphtheria|gawracatada]] waxayna ku daweynayeen isbitaal ku yaal [[Aynaba|Caynabo]], halkaas oo laba qof ay ku geeriyoodeen.<ref>{{Cite news |title=LABA RUUX OO MAGAALADA CAYNABO UGU GEERIYOODAY XANUUNKA GAWRACATADA IYO KUWO KALE OO LA ILDARAN. |newspaper=wajaalenews.net |date=2019-03-25 |url=https://www.wajaalenews.net/?p=96764 |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> Roobab culus oo gaaraya 115&nbsp;mm oo ka da'ay War Idaad bishii May 2020 ayaa si xun u saameeyay 70 guri oo ku yaal meelaha hoose iyo 50 guri oo kale.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Somalia Flash Flooding Update #5 |newspaper=OCHA |date=2020-05-16 |url=https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Flash%20Update%205%20-%20final%20for%20publication.pdf |accessdate=2021-12-19 }}</ref> ==Sidoo kale eeg== *[[Wadaamagoo]] *[[Oog]] *[[Aynabo]] *[[Garadag]] == Tixraacyada == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Degmooyinka gobolka Sool]] m3fhwwcq1e54fn0520h2n41n42jlcs2 10 9040 310094 172015 2026-10-07T11:46:14Z Isma4l 41797 310094 wikitext text/x-wiki <span style="display:inline-block;border:{{{border-width|1.62px}}} solid {{{border-color|{{{border|currentColor}}}}}};vertical-align:text-top;" title="{{title case|{{{description|{{{1}}}}}}}}"><span class="mw-no-invert" style="display:block;padding:0;width:{{{w|{{{2|1}}}}}}em;height:{{{h|{{{2|1}}}}}}em;background:{{{1}}};color:inherit;forced-color-adjust:none;">&emsp;</span></span><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --> </noinclude> g8mmcujboei43tq14cgx9p3v5ab0mbe 0 18570 310069 309823 2026-10-06T17:27:58Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20261006sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 310069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | caption = | field = [[so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhimmeerka|Dhimmeerka]], [[so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilmiga_nafsadda_dhaqtariga|cilmiga nafsadda dhaqtariga]] | synonyms = Mental breakdown, mental disability, mental disease, mental health condition, mental illness, nervous breakdown, psychiatric disability, psychiatric disorder, psychological disability, psychological disorder<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mhamd.org/information-and-help/paying-for-care/applying-for-disability-benefits-with-a-mental-illness/ |title=Applying for Disability Benefits with a Mental Illness |website=mhamd.org |publisher=Mental Health Association of Maryland |access-date=10 August 2022 }}</ref><ref name="psychiatric">{{cite report |title=Psychiatric Disabilities |url=https://www.courts.ca.gov/partners/documents/psych_dis.pdf |publisher=Judicial Branch of California |access-date=2 May 2023 }}</ref><ref name="psychological">{{cite web |url=https://www.ws.edu/student-services/disability/teaching/psychological.shtm |title=Psychological Disabilities |website=ws.edu |publisher=Walters State Community College |access-date=10 August 2022 }}</ref><ref name="Mayo Clinic 2019">{{cite web | title=Mental illness – Symptoms and causes | website=Mayo Clinic | date=8 June 2019 | url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mental-illness/symptoms-causes/syc-20374968 | access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> | symptoms = [[Psychomotor agitation|Agitation]], [[anxiety]], [[Depression (mood)|depression]], [[mania]], [[paranoia]], [[psychosis]] | complications = Cognitive impairment, social problems, suicide | onset = | duration = | types = [[Anxiety disorders]], [[eating disorder]]s, [[mood disorder]]s, [[personality disorder]]s, [[psychotic disorders]], [[substance use disorder]]s | causes = [[Genetics|Genetic]] and [[environmental factor]]s | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = [[Psychotherapy]] and [[Psychiatric medication|medications]] | medication = [[Antidepressant]]s, [[antipsychotic]]s, [[anxiolytic]]s, [[mood stabilizer]]s, [[stimulant]]s | prognosis = | frequency = 18% per year (United States)<ref>{{cite web|title=Any Mental Illness (AMI) Among U.S. Adults|url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/prevalence/any-mental-illness-ami-among-us-adults.shtml|website=National Institute of Mental Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|access-date=28 April 2017}}</ref> | deaths = | name = | image = | alt = }} <!-- Definition and symptoms --> Cudurka dhimmeerka ('''mental disorder'''), oo sidoo kale loogu yeero xanuunka dhimmeerka ('''mental illness'''),<ref>{{cite web|title=Mental Disorders|date=15 September 2014|publisher=U.S. National Library of Medicine|website=Medline Plus|url=https://www.medlineplus.gov/mentaldisorders.html|access-date=10 June 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> xaaladda caafimaadka dhimmeerka,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Phelan |first1=Jo C. |last2=Link |first2=Bruce G. |last3=Stueve |first3=Ann |last4=Pescosolido |first4=Bernice A. |date=2000 |title=Public Conceptions of Mental Illness in 1950 and 1996: What Is Mental Illness and Is It to be Feared? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-health-and-social-behavior_2000-06_41_2/page/188 |journal=Journal of Health and Social Behavior |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=188–207 |doi=10.2307/2676305 |issn=0022-1465 |jstor=2676305 }}</ref> ama naafanimada dhimmeerka,<ref name="psychiatric"/> waa hab-dhaqan ama qaab dhimmeer oo sababa dhib muuqda ama daciifnimo ku timaada shaqada qofka.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Bolton D |title=What is Mental Disorder?: An Essay in Philosophy, Science, and Values|date=2008|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-856592-5|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ohzt1HBilXcC&pg=PA6}}</ref> Cudurka dhimmeerka waxaa lagu gartaa sidoo kale [[Clinical significance|muhiimad kiliiniko]] oo khalkhal ku haysa garashada qofka, nidaaminta shucuurta, ama hab-dhaqanka, inta badan [[society|muddada bulshada dhexdeeda ah]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmann |first=Stefan G. |date=2014-07-01 |title=Toward a Cognitive-Behavioral Classification System for Mental Disorders |journal=Behavior Therapy |language=en |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=576–587 |doi=10.1016/j.beth.2014.03.001 |issn=0005-7894 |pmc=4234113 |pmid=24912469}}</ref><ref name="WHO2018" /> Khalkhalkan oo kale wuxuu dhici karaa iyagoo ah dhacdooyin keliya, wuxuu noqon karaa mid joogto ah, ama wuxuu noqon karaa mid [[relapsing–remitting]]. Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo kala duwan oo ah cudurada dhimmeerka, oo leh [[signs and symptoms|calaamado iyo astaamo]] aad ugu kala duwan cudurrada gaarka ah.<ref name="WHO2018">{{cite web|title=Mental disorders|website=World Health Organization|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders|date=22 June 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mental disorders|url=https://www.who.int/topics/mental_disorders/en/|website=World Health Organization|access-date=9 April 2016|url-status=live|date = 2016 }}</ref> Cudurka dhimmeerka waa hal dhinac oo ka mid ah [[mental health|caafimaadka dhimmeerka]]. <!-- Cause and diagnosis --> [[causes of mental disorders|Sababaha cudurada dhimmeerka]] inta badan ma cadda. Aragtiyuhu waxay ku jiraan natiijooyin ka soo baxay qaybo kala duwan. Xanuunada waxaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriiraan goobo gaar ah ama shaqooyin ka tirsan maskaxda. Xanuunada waxaa caadi ahaan [[Medical diagnosis|lagu baaraa]] ama lagu qiimeeyaa [[mental health professional|khabiir ku takhasusay caafimaadka dhimmeerka]], sida [[Clinical psychology#Professional practice|cilmi-nafsiga kiliinikada]], [[psychiatrist|dhakhtarka dhimmeerka]], kalkaalisada dhimmeerka, ama [[social work|shaqaalaha bulshada ee kiliinikada]], iyadoo la adeegsanayo habab kala duwan sida [[psychometric tests|imtixaannada cilmi-nafsiga]], laakiin inta badan waxay ku tiirsan yihiin fiirinta iyo su'aalaha. Caadooyinka dhaqameed iyo kuwa diimeed, iyo sidoo kale [[Norm (social)|shuruucda bulshada]], waa in la tixgeliyo marka la samaynayo baaritaanka.<ref name=DSM5pg101>{{cite book | title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders |edition = 5th |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |location=Arlington, VA | doi = 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596|isbn=978-0-89042-554-1|pages= [https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/101 101–05] |year= 2013 |last1 = American Psychiatric Association }}</ref> <!-- Treatment and prevention --> [[Services for mental disorders|Adeegyada cudurada dhimmeerka]] waxaa badanaa saldhig u ah [[psychiatric hospitals|isbitaallada dhimmeerka]], [[outpatient clinics|klinikada bukaan-socodka]], ama [[community mental health services|adeegyada caafimaadka dhimmeerka ee bulshada]]. Daawooyinka waxaa bixiya khubaro ku takhasusay caafimaadka dhimmeerka. Ikhtiyaarrada daawaynta ee caadiga ah waa [[psychotherapy|daawaynta cilmi-nafsiga]] ama [[psychiatric medication|dawooyinka dhimmeerka]], halka isbeddellada qaab-nololeedka, faragelinta bulshada, [[peer support|taageerada dhigaha]], iyo [[self-help|is-caawinta]] ay sidoo kale yihiin ikhtiyaarro. Kiisaska tirada yar, waxaa jiri kara [[involuntary commitment|xabsi qasab ah]] ama [[involuntary treatment|daawayn qasab ah]]. Barnaamijyada ka hortagga waxaa la tusay inay yareeyaan niyad-jabka.<ref name=WHO2018/><ref name="Jacka2017" /> <!-- Epidemiology --> Sannadkii 2019, cudurrada dhimmeerka ee caadiga ah ee adduunka oo dhan waxaa ka mid ah: [[major depressive disorder|niyad-jabka daran]], kaas oo saameeya ku dhowaad 264 [[Million|milyan]] oo qof; [[dementia|waalida]], taas oo saameeya ku dhowaad 50 milyan; [[bipolar disorder|xanuunka labada-cirifoodka]], kaas oo saameeya ku dhowaad 45 milyan; iyo [[schizophrenia|skisofireeniya]] iyo [[psychosis|psychoses-ka]] kale, kuwaas oo saameeya ku dhowaad 20 milyan oo qof.<ref name="WHO2018" /> [[Neurodevelopmental disorders|Cudurada horumarinta neerfaha]] waxaa ka mid ah [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]] (ADHD), [[Autism|xanuunka dusha autism-ka]] (autism), iyo [[intellectual disability|naafanimada maskaxda]], kuwaas oo bilowgoodu dhaco horraanta xilliga horumarinta.<ref name="APA1">{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders |edition = 5th |date=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |location=Arlington, VA |doi = 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596|isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |page=31 |last1 = American Psychiatric Association }}</ref><ref name="WHO2018" /> [[Social stigma|Sumcad-xumada]] iyo [[mentalism (discrimination)|takoorka]] waxay ku dari karaan dhibaatada iyo naafanimada la xiriirta cudurada dhimmeerka, taas oo horseedaysa [[social movements|dhaqdhaqaaqyo bulsho]] oo kala duwan oo isku dayaya inay kordhiyaan fahamka oo ay caqabad ku noqdaan [[social exclusion|saaridda bulshada]]. {{TOC limit}} ==Qeexitaan== Qeexitaanka iyo kala-soocidda cudurada dhimmeerka waa arrimo muhiim u ah cilmi-baarayaasha iyo sidoo kale bixiyeyaasha adeegga iyo kuwa laga yaabo in la baaro. Si xaaladda dhimmeerku u noqoto mid loo kala saaro cudur ahaan, inta badan waxay u baahan tahay inay sababto shaqo-xumo.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stein DJ | title = What is a mental disorder? A perspective from cognitive-affective science | journal = Canadian Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 58 | issue = 12 | pages = 656–62 | date = December 2013 | pmid = 24331284 | doi = 10.1177/070674371305801202 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Dokumentiyada kiliinikada caalamiga ah ee badankood waxay adeegsadaan erayga "disorder" (xanuun/khalkhal) dhimmeer, halka "illness" (cudur) ay sidoo kale caadi tahay. Waxaa la xusay in adeegsiga erayga "dhimmeer" (oo ah kan [[Mind|maskaxda]]) uusan si dhab ah uga dhignayn inuu ka soocan yahay maskaxda ama [[Human body|jirka]], inkastoo kala-soocidda u dhaxaysa [[Mind–body problem|maskaxda iyo jidhka]], iyo sidoo kale su'aasha dabeecaddooda aasaasiga ah, inta badan aan si ku filan loo baarin cilmiga dhimmeerka.<ref name=Karunamuni2025>{{cite journal |last1=Karunamuni |first1=N |last2=Wood |first2=T |last3=Galante |first3=J. |title=Exploring the mind-brain relationship to advance mental health research and practice |journal=Current Psychology |date=December 2025 |volume=44 |issue=24 |pages=19088–19108 |doi=10.1007/s12144-025-08345-2 }}</ref> Sida laga soo xigtay daabacaaddii afraad ee Buug-gacmeedka Diagnostic iyo Statistical ee Cudurada Dhimmeerka ([[DSM-IV]]), oo la daabacay 1964, cudurka dhimmeerku waa [[syndrome|sindrome]] ama qaab cilmi-nafsiga ah oo la xiriira [[mental distress|dhibaatada dhimmeerka]] (tusaale ahaan, iyada oo la marayo [[symptom|calaamad xanuun badan]]), [[disability|naafannimo]] (daciifnimo hal ama in ka badan oo ah meelaha muhiimka ah ee shaqada), khatarta dhimashada oo kordhay, ama sababa khasaare weyn oo xagga madaxbannaanida ah; si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay ka saaraysaa jawaabaha caadiga ah sida [[grief|tacsi/baroor]] ka timid luminta qof lo jecel yahay waxayna sidoo kale ka saaraysaa [[Deviance (sociology)|dabeecadda leexsan]] ee sababo siyaasadeed, diineed, ama bulsho oo aan ka soo bixin shaqo-xumo ku jirta qofka.<ref name=psychol-med>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stein DJ, Phillips KA, Bolton D, Fulford KW, Sadler JZ, Kendler KS | title = What is a mental/psychiatric disorder? From DSM-IV to DSM-V | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = UK | issn = 0033-2917 | eissn =1469-8978 |oclc = 01588231 | journal = Psychological Medicine | volume = 40 | issue = 11 | pages = 1759–65 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 20624327 | pmc = 3101504 | doi = 10.1017/S0033291709992261 | quote = <!--long quote per fair use and to mitigate linkrot due to robots exclusion-->In DSM-IV, each of the mental disorders is conceptualized as a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with present distress (e.g., a painful symptom) or disability (i.e., impairment in one or more important areas of functioning) or with a significantly increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom. In addition, this syndrome or pattern must not be merely an expectable and culturally sanctioned response to a particular event, for example, the death of a loved one. Whatever its original cause, it must currently be considered a manifestation of behavioral, psychological, or biological dysfunction in the individual. Neither deviant behavior (e.g., political, religious, or sexual) nor conflicts that are primarily between the individual and society are mental disorders unless the deviance or conflict is a symptom of a dysfunction in the individual, as described above.}}</ref> Qeexitaanka DSM-IV wuxuu sheegayaa in, sida erayada caafimaadka badan, ''cudurka dhimmeerku'' "uu ka maqan yahay qeexitaan hawleed oo joogto ah oo daboolaya dhammaan xaaladaha". Waxay xusaysaa in heerar kala sooc oo kala duwan loo isticmaali karo qeexitaannada caafimaadka, oo ay ku jiraan cudur-sidaha, astaamaha, leexashada xadka caadiga ah, ama [[etiology|sababta asaasiga ah]], iyo in sida oo kale ay tahay cudurada dhimmeerka, sidaas darteed mararka qaarkood hal nooc oo qeexitaan ah ayaa habboon oo mararka qaarkood mid kalena ah, iyadoo ku xiran xaaladda.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stein DJ, Phillips KA, Bolton D, Fulford KW, Sadler JZ, Kendler KS | title = What is a mental/psychiatric disorder? From DSM-IV to DSM-V | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = UK | issn = 0033-2917 | eissn =1469-8978 |oclc = 01588231 | journal = Psychological Medicine | volume = 40 | issue = 11 | pages = 1759–65 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 20624327 | pmc = 3101504 | doi = 10.1017/S0033291709992261 | quote = <!--long quote per fair use and to mitigate linkrot due to robots exclusion-->... although this manual provides a classification of mental disorders, it must be admitted that no definition adequately specifies precise boundaries for the concept of 'mental disorder.' The concept of mental disorder, like many other concepts in medicine and science, lacks a consistent operational definition that covers all situations. All medical conditions are defined on various levels of abstraction—for example, structural pathology (e.g., ulcerative colitis), symptom presentation (e.g., migraine), deviance from a physiological norm (e.g., hypertension), and etiology (e.g., pneumococcal pneumonia). Mental disorders have also been defined by a variety of concepts (e.g., distress, dyscontrol, disadvantage, disability, inflexibility, irrationality, syndromal pattern, etiology, and statistical deviation). Each is a useful indicator for a mental disorder, but none is equivalent to the concept, and different situations call for different definitions. }}</ref> Sannadkii 2013, [[American Psychiatric Association]] (APA) waxay dib u qeexday cudurada dhimmeerka ee [[DSM-5]] iyada oo ah "sindrome lagu garto khalkhal muhiim ah oo kiliiniko ku jira garashada qofka, nidaaminta shucuurta, ama hab-dhaqanka kaas oo ka tarjumaya shaqo-xumo habraacyada nafsadda, bayoolajiga, ama horumarinta ee hooseeya shaqada dhimmeerka."<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Use of the Manual |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders |edition=5th |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |location=Arlington, VA |isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |chapter-url=http://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 |doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.UseofDSM5 |year=2013 |access-date=2 August 2017 }}</ref> Qoraalka ugu dambeeya ee [[ICD-11]] wuxuu ka kooban yahay qeexitaan aad u eg kan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f334423054|title=Chapter 6 on mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders|website=ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics, 2018 version|access-date=2 November 2018}}</ref> ===Cudurka neerfaha=== {{redirect|Nervous breakdown}} '''Burburka dhimmeerka''', '''burburka neerfaha''' ama '''dhibaato xagga caafimaadka dhimmeerka ah''' waa cudur dhimmeer oo daran, xadidan wakhti ahaan, kaas oo si kooban u muuqda sida niyad-jab daran oo walbahaar keeno, walwal, fikrado xun oo paranoid ah, ama kala tagid (dissociation) oo ku dhacda qof hore u shaqeynayay, ilaa heer uusan hadda awood u lahayn inuu shaqeeyo maalin-maalin ilaa cudurka laga xalliyo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/nervous-breakdown|title=Nervous breakdown|author=Healthdirect Australia|date=14 February 2019|website=www.healthdirect.gov.au|language=en-AU|access-date=25 March 2019}}</ref> Burburka neerfaha waxaa inta badan si dhow loola xiriiriyaa gubashada nafsadda, culays shaqo oo xad-dhaaf ah, seexasho la'aan, iyo [[stressor|culaysyo]] la mid ah, kuwaas oo isku dari kara si ku-meel-gaar ah ugu buuxiya qof leh shaqooyin dhimmeer oo caafimaad qaba.<ref name="Rapport"/> Burburka dhimmeerku wuxuu socon karaa saacado hal mar ah, ilaa bilo hal mar ah. Iyadoo waqtiyadan ay ku kala duwanaan karaan dad kala duwan, falcelintooda ku aaddan burburka dhimmeerku sidoo kale way kala duwanaan kartaa. Erayadan si rasmi ah looma qeexin iyada oo la marinayo habka baaritaanka caafimaadka sida DSM-5 ama [[ICD-10]] waana kuwo ku dhow inay ka maqan yihiin suugaanta sayniska ee ku saabsan xanuunka dhimmeerka.<ref name="Rapport">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rapport LJ, Todd RM, Lumley MA, Fisicaro SA | title = The diagnostic meaning of "nervous breakdown" among lay populations | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-personality-assessment_1998-10_71_2/page/242 | journal = Journal of Personality Assessment | volume = 71 | issue = 2 | pages = 242–52 | date = October 1998 | pmid = 9857496 | doi = 10.1207/s15327752jpa7102_11 }}</ref><ref name="Mayo">Hall-Flavin, Daniel K. (26 October 2016). [http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/nervous-breakdown/AN00476 "Nervous Breakdown"] ''Mayo Clinic''.</ref> Marka lagu daro fikradda cudurka dhimmeerka, dadka qaar ayaa ku dooday in lagu laabto fikraddii hore ee cudurka neerfaha. Buuggiisa ''How Everyone Became Depressed: The Rise and Fall of the Nervous Breakdown'' (2013), Edward Shorter, oo ah borofisar ku takhasusay cilmiga dhimmeerka iyo taariikhda daawada, ayaa yiri: {{blockquote|Waxaan lahayn cudurka neerfaha qarniyo. Markaad aad u neerfoobto oo aadan shaqayn karin ... waa burbur neerfaha. Laakiin eraygaas wuxuu ka baxay daawada, inkasta oo uusan ka bixin habka aan u hadlayno.... Bukaan-socodka neerfaha ee wakhti hore waa kuwa niyad-jabka qaba ee maanta. Taasi waa war xun.... Waxaa jira cudur qoto dheer oo wsta niyad-jabka iyo astaamaha shucuurta. Waxaan cudurkan qoto dheer ugu yeeri karnaa wax kale, ama aan abuuri karnaa kelmado cusub, laakiin waxay u baahanahay inaan wadahadalka ka saarno niyad-jabka oo aan u wareejino cudurkan qoto dheer ee maskaxda iyo jirka. Taasi waa barta.|Edward Shorter, Jaamacadda Toronto<ref name=shorter>{{cite book | vauthors = Shorter E |title=How Everyone Became Depressed: The Rise and Fall of the Nervous Breakdown |date=2013 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-997825-0 }}</ref>|title=|source=}} {{blockquote|Marka la tirtirayo burburka neerfaha, cilmiga dhimmeerku wuxuu ku sigtay inuu yeesho burburkiisa neerfaha ee u gaarka ah.|[[David Healy (psychiatrist)|David Healy]], MD, FRCPsych, Borofisarka Cilmiga Dhimmeerka, Jaamacadda Cardiff, Wales<ref>David Healy (2013) ''Pharmageddon'', University of California Press {{ISBN|978-0-520-27576-8}}</ref>|title=|source=}} ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} e96me3uabrbx9j1o5uoq3shvq6pqczd 0 28195 310071 302773 2026-10-06T21:34:16Z ~2026-53906-89 47734 310071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liska GDP/HDI Wadanamaha''' {|class="wikitable"|} style="margin:auto; width:100%;" |- | style="width:33%; text-align:center;" | '''Per the [[IMF]] (2018 est.)'''<ref name="GDP IMF">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=44&pr.y=11&sy=2018&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C546%2C213%2C962%2C911%2C674%2C314%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C836%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C624%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C565%2C924%2C283%2C233%2C853%2C632%2C288%2C636%2C293%2C634%2C566%2C238%2C964%2C662%2C182%2C960%2C359%2C423%2C453%2C935%2C968%2C128%2C922%2C611%2C714%2C321%2C862%2C243%2C135%2C248%2C716%2C469%2C456%2C253%2C722%2C642%2C942%2C643%2C718%2C939%2C724%2C734%2C576%2C644%2C936%2C819%2C961%2C172%2C813%2C132%2C726%2C646%2C199%2C648%2C733%2C915%2C184%2C134%2C524%2C652%2C361%2C174%2C362%2C328%2C364%2C258%2C732%2C656%2C366%2C654%2C144%2C336%2C146%2C263%2C463%2C268%2C528%2C532%2C923%2C944%2C738%2C176%2C578%2C534%2C537%2C536%2C742%2C429%2C866%2C433%2C369%2C178%2C744%2C436%2C186%2C136%2C925%2C343%2C869%2C158%2C746%2C439%2C926%2C916%2C466%2C664%2C112%2C826%2C111%2C542%2C298%2C967%2C927%2C443%2C846%2C917%2C299%2C544%2C582%2C941%2C474%2C446%2C754%2C666%2C698&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=#cs120|title=World Economic Outlook Database|last=|first=|date=1 October 2018|website=|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> | style="width:33%; text-align:center;" | '''Per the [[World Bank]] (2018)'''<ref name="worldbank">{{cite web | url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?year_high_desc=true | title=GDP (current US$) | publisher=[[World Bank]] | work=[[World Development Indicators]] | accessdate=3 July 2018}}</ref> | style="width:33%; text-align:center;" | '''Per the [[United Nations]] (2018)'''<ref>{{cite web | url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnltransfer.asp?fID=2|| title=GDP and its breakdown at current prices in US Dollars | publisher=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] | date=Jan 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnlList.asp|title=United Nations Statistics Division - National Accounts|website=unstats.un.org|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=2019-03-29|archive-date=2019-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107193830/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnllist.asp|dead-url=yes}}</ref> |- valign="top" |<!-- IMF DATA - VERIFIED AS CURRENT ON 26 MAY 2016--> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:0;" |- ! style="width:2em;" data-sort-type="number" | Wadanamaha!! GDP<br>(US$million) |-style="font-weight:bold;background:#eaecf0" | data-sort-value="-1" | &nbsp; || data-sort-value="" |{{noflag}}''[[Gross world product|World]]''<ref name="IMF Groups">{{cite web | url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=001&s=NGDPD&grp=1&a=1&pr.x=32&pr.y=8 | title=Report for Selected Country Groups and Subjects |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] | work=[[World Economic Outlook]] | date=October 2018}}</ref>||align=right|204,835,462 |- |align=right|1||{{flag|China}}||align=right|45,513,000 |- |-style="background-color:#f0f0f0" |—||{{nowrap|European Union}}|| align="right" |40,769,286 |- |align=right|2||{{flag|United States}}<ref group="n" name="United States-THM" />||align=right|35,457,267 |- |align=right|3||{{flag|India}}||align=right|18,400,626 |- |align=right|4||{{flag|Russian Federation}}||align=right|10,119,141 |- | align="right" |5||{{flag|Germany}}|| align="right" |7,998,899 |- | align="right" |6||{{flag|Japan}}|| align="right" |6,87,696 |- |align=right|7||{{flag|Indonesia}}||align=right|4,089,992 |- | align="right" |8||{{flag|Brazil}}|| align="right" |3,086,911 |- | align="right" |9||{{flag|France}}|| align="right" |3,909,386 |- |align=right|10||{{flag|United Kingdom}}||align=right|3,733,706 |- |align=right|11||{{flag|Canada}}<ref group="n" name="Russia" />||align=right|2,776,488 |- |align=right|12||{{flag|South Korea}}|| align="right" |2,555,608 |- |align=right|13||{{flag|Spain}}||align=right|2,537,047 |- |align=right|14||{{flag|Turkey}}||align=right|2,527,767 |- |align=right|15||{{flag|Mexico}}||align=right|2,199,264 |- |align=right|16||{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}||align=right|2,333,268 |- |align=right|17||{{flag|Australia}}||align=right|201,887 |- |align=right|18||{{flag|Italy}}||align=right|201,878 |- |align=right|19||{{flag|Egypt}}||align=right|201,513 |- |align=right|20||{{flag|Switzerland}}||align=right|709,118 |- |align=right|21||{{flag|Argentina}}||align=right|554,659 |- |align=right|22||{{flag|Netherlands}}||align=right|549,478 |- |align=right|—||{{flag|Israel}}||align=right|612,678 |- |align=right|23||{{flag|Belgium}}||align=right|536,055 |- |align=right|24||{{flag|Thailand}}||align=right|490,120 |- |align=right|25||{{flag|Sweden}}||align=right|475,429 |- |align=right|26||{{flag|Austria}}||align=right|459,401 |- |align=right|27||{{flag|Norway}}||align=right|441,439 |- |align="right" |28||{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}|| align="right" |432,612 |- |align="right" |29||{{flag|Iran}}|| align="right" |430,082 |- | align="right" |30||{{flag|Nigeria}}|| align="right" |397,472 |- | align="right" |31||{{flag|South Africa}}|| align="right" |376,679 |- | align="right" |32||{{flag|Ireland}}|| align="right" |366,448 |- | align=right|33||{{flag|Israel}}||align=right|365,599 |- | align="right" |—||''{{flag|Hong Kong}}''|| align="right" |360,315 |- | align="right" |34||{{flag|Denmark}}|| align="right" |354,683 |- | align="right" |34||{{flag|Poland}}|| align="right" |349,471 |- | align="right" |35||{{flag|Malaysia}}|| align="right" |347,290 |- | align="right" |36||{{flag|Singapore}}|| align="right" |346,621 |- | align="right" |37||{{flag|Colombia}}|| align="right" |336,940 |- | align="right" |38||{{flag|Philippines}}|| align="right" |331,678 |- | align=right |39||{{flag|Pakistan}}||align=right|306,987 |- | align=right |40||{{flag|Chile}}||align=right|299,887 |- | align="right" |41||{{flag|Bangladesh}}|| align="right" |286,275 |- | align=right |42||{{flag|Finland}}||align=right|276,553 |- | align="right" |43||{{flag|Czech Republic}}|| align="right" |244,540 |- | align="right" |45||{{flag|Vietnam}}|| align="right" |241,434 |- | align="right" |46||{{flag|Romania}}|| align="right" |239,440 |- | align="right" |47||{{flag|Portugal}}|| align="right" |237,962 |- |align=right|48||{{flag|Iraq}}||align=right|230,911 |- | align="right" |49||{{flag|Peru}}|| align="right" |228,944 |- | align="right" |50||{{flag|Greece}}|| align="right" |218,057 |- |align=right |51||{{flag|New Zealand}}||align=right|205,997 |- |align=right|52||{{flag|Algeria}}||align=right|188,342 |- |align=right|53||{{flag|Qatar}}||align=right|188,295 |- |align=right|54||{{flag|Kazakhstan}}||align=right|184,209 |- |align=right|55||{{flag|Hungary}}||align=right|156,393 |- | align="right" |56||{{flag|Kuwait}}|| align="right" |144,523 |- | align="right" |57||{{flag|Ukraine}}|| align="right" |126,390 |- | align="right" |58||{{flag|Morocco}}|| align="right" |118,178 |- | align="right" |59||{{flag|Angola}}|| align="right" |114,504 |- | align="right" |60||{{flag|Ecuador}}|| align="right" |107,266 |- | align=right|61||{{flag|Slovakia}}||align=right|106,940 |- | align="right" |—||''{{flag|Puerto Rico}}''|| align="right" |104,557 |- | align=right |62||{{flag|Venezuela}}||align=right|96,328 |- | align=right|63||{{flag|Sri Lanka}}||align=right|92,504 |- | align="right" |64||{{flag|Kenya}}|| align="right" |89,591 |- | align="right" |65||{{flag|Ethiopia}}|| align="right" |83,836 |- | align="right" |66||{{flag|Oman}}|| align="right" |81,682 |- | align="right" |67||{{flag|Dominican Republic}}|| align="right" |81,103 |- | align="right" |68||{{flag|Guatemala}}|| align="right" |79,109 |- | align="right" |69||{{flag|Syria}}{{refn|Data for Syria's 2014 GDP is from the September 2011 WEO Database, the latest available from the IMF.|group=n}}|| align="right" |77,460/Na |- | align="right" |70||{{flag|Myanmar}}|| align="right" |71,543 |- |align=right|71||{{flag|Luxembourg}}||align=right|68,993 |- |align=right|72||{{flag|Panama}}||align=right|66,031 |- |align=right|73||{{flag|Bulgaria}}||align=right|63,651 |- | align="right" |74||{{flag|Uruguay}}|| align="right" |60,933 |- | align="right" |75||{{flag|Costa Rica}}|| align="right" |60,816 |- | align="right" |76||{{flag|Croatia}}|| align="right" |59,971 |- | align="right" |77||{{flag|Belarus}}|| align="right" |56,934 |- | align="right" |78||{{flag|Lebanon}}|| align="right" |56,709 |- | align=right|79||{{flag|Tanzania}}||align=right|55,645 |- | align=right|80||{{flag|Slovenia}}||align=right|54,969 |- | align=right|—||''{{flag|Macau}}''||align=right|53,961 |- | align="right" |81||{{flag|Lithuania}}|| align="right" |52,468 |- | align="right" |82||{{flag|Ghana}}|| align="right" |51,815 |- | align="right" |83||{{flag|Serbia}}|| align="right" |47,564 |- | align="right" |84||{{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}}|| align="right" |45,875 |- | align="right" |85||{{flag|Azerbaijan}}|| align="right" |45,592 |- | align="right" |86||{{flag|Uzbekistan}}|| align="right" |43,303 |- | align="right" |87||{{flag|Libya}}|| align="right" |43,236 |- | align="right" |88||{{flag|Congo, Democratic Republic of the}}|| align="right" |42,692 |- | align="right" |89||{{flag|Turkmenistan}}|| align="right" |42,764 |- | align="right" |90||{{flag|Jordan}}|| align="right" |41,869 |- |align=right|91||{{flag|Paraguay}}||align=right|41,851 |- | align=right |92||{{flag|Bolivia}}||align=right|41,833 |- | align="right" |93||{{flag|Tunisia}}|| align="right" |41,662 |- | align="right" |94||{{flag|Bahrain}}|| align="right" |39,300 |- |align=right|95||{{flag|Cameroon}}||align=right|38,445 |- |align=right|96||{{flag|Latvia}}||align=right|34,286 |- | align="right" |97||{{flag|Sudan}}|| align="right" |33,249 |- | align="right" |98||{{flag|Estonia}}|| align="right" |29,527 |- | align=right |99||{{flag|Nepal}}||align=right|28,813 |- | align="right" |100||{{flag|Yemen}}|| align="right" |28,124 |- | align="right" |101||{{flag|Uganda}}|| align="right" |28,155 |- | align="right" |102||{{flag|Iceland}}|| align="right" |26,684 |- | align="right" |103||{{flag|El Salvador}}|| align="right" |25,833 |- | align="right" |104||{{flag|Zambia}}|| align="right" |25,778 |- | align="right" |105||{{flag|Senegal}}|| align="right" |24,240 |- | align="right" |106||{{flag|Cambodia}}|| align="right" |24,141 |- |align=right|107||{{flag|Cyprus}}||align=right|23,963 |- | align="right" |108||{{flag|Honduras}}|| align="right" |23,835 |- | align="right" |109||{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}|| align="right" |23,284 |- | align=right |110||{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}||align=right|20,767 |- | align="right" |111||{{flag|Afghanistan}}|| align="right" |20,367 |- |align=right|112||{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}||align=right|19,984 |- | align="right" |113||{{flag|Somalia}}|| align="right" |19,367 |- | align="right" |114||{{flag|Zimbabwe}}|| align="right" |19,070 |- | align="right" |115||{{flag|Laos}}|| align="right" |18,230 |- |align=right|116||{{flag|Mali}}||align=right|17,407 |- | align="right" |117||{{flag|Gabon}}|| align="right" |17,212 |- | align="right" |118||{{flag|Georgia}}|| align="right" |16,716 |- | align="right" |119||{{flag|Jamaica}}|| align="right" |15,424 |- | align="right" |120||{{flag|Albania}}|| align="right" |15,121 |- | align="right" |121||{{flag|Brunei}}|| align="right" |14,695 |- | align="right" |122||{{flag|Mozambique}}|| align="right" |14,601 |- | align="right" |123||{{flag|Burkina Faso}}|| align="right" |14,284 |- | align="right" |124||{{flag|Malta}}|| align="right" |14,270 |- | align="right" |125||{{flag|Namibia}}|| align="right" |14,148 |- | align="right" |126||{{flag|Botswana}}|| align="right" |14,033 |- |align=right|127||{{flag|Nicaragua}}||align=right|13,380 |- | align="right" |128||{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}|| align="right" |13,225 |- | align="right" |129||{{flag|Bahamas, The}}|| align="right" |12,928 |- | align="right" |130||{{flag|Mongolia}}|| align="right" |12,724 |- | align="right" |131||{{flag|Armenia}}|| align="right" |12,533 |- | align="right" |132||{{flag|Madagascar}}|| align="right" |12,499 |- | align="right" |133||{{flag|Macedonia}}|| align="right" |12,374 |- | align="right" |134||{{flag|Guinea}}|| align="right" |11,503 |- | align="right" |135||{{flag|Congo, Republic of the}}|| align="right" |11,460 |- | align="right" |136||{{flag|Moldova}}|| align="right" |11,436 |- | align="right" |137|||| align="right" |11,546 |- | align="right" |138||{{flag|Chad}}|| align="right" |11,112 |- | align="right" |139||{{flag|Haiti}}|| align="right" |9,717 |- | align="right" |140||{{flag|Rwanda}}|| align="right" |9,709 |- | align="right" |141||{{flag|Niger}}|| align="right" |9,458 |- |align=right|142||{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}||align=right|8,013 |- | align="right" |—||{{flag|Kosovo}}|| align="right" |7,839 |- | align="right" |143||{{flag|Tajikistan}}|| align="right" |7,350 |- |align=right|144||{{flag|Malawi}}||align=right|6,885 |- |align=right|145||{{flag|Eritrea}}||align=right|6,722 |- | align="right" |146||{{flag|Montenegro}}|| align="right" |5,389 |- |align=right|147||{{flag|Togo}}||align=right|5,347 |- | align="right" |148||{{flag|Fiji}}|| align="right" |5,223 |- | align="right" |149||{{flag|Mauritania}}|| align="right" |5,200 |- |align=right|150||{{flag|Barbados}}||align=right|5,172 |- | align="right" |151||{{flag|Maldives}}|| align="right" |4,809 |- |align=right|152||{{flag|Eswatini}}||align=right|4,756 |- | align="right" |153||{{flag|South Sudan}}|| align="right" |3,980 |- | align="right" |154||{{flag|Suriname}}|| align="right" |3,840 |- | align="right" |155||{{flag|Sierra Leone}}|| align="right" |3,754 |- | align="right" |156||{{flag|Guyana}}|| align="right" |3,636 |- |align=right|157||{{flag|Burundi}}||align=right|3,436 |- |align=right|158||{{flag|Liberia}}||align=right|3,218 |- | align="right" |159||{{flag|Timor-Leste}}|| align="right" |3,155 |- | align="right" |160||{{flag|Lesotho}}|| align="right" |2,981 |- |align=right|161||{{flag|Bhutan}}||align=right|2,624 |- |align=right|162||{{flag|Central African Republic}}||align=right|2,307 |- |align=right|163||{{flag|Djibouti}}||align=right|2,187 |- |align=right|164||{{flag|Cape Verde}}||align=right|1,972 |- |align=right|165||{{flag|Belize}}||align=right|1,912 |- | align="right" |166||{{flag|St. Lucia}}|| align="right" |1,774 |- | align="right" |167||{{flag|San Marino}}|| align="right" |1,769 |- |align=right|168||{{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}||align=right|1,612 |- |align=right|169||{{flag|Gambia, The}}||align=right|1,605 |- | align="right" |170||{{flag|Seychelles}}|| align="right" |1,564 |- | align="right" |171||{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}|| align="right" |1,480 |- | align="right" |172||{{flag|Solomon Islands}}|| align="right" |1,424 |- |align=right|173||{{flag|Grenada}}||align=right|1,192 |- |align=right|174||{{flag|St. Kitts and Nevis}}||align=right|1,005 |- | align="right" |175||{{flag|Vanuatu}}|| align="right" |957 |- |align=right|176||{{flag|Samoa}}||align=right|878 |- | align="right" |177||{{flag|St. Vincent and the Grenadines}}|| align="right" |828 |- |align=right|178||{{flag|Comoros}}||align=right|745 |- |align=right|179||{{flag|Dominica}}||align=right|485 |- |align=right|180||{{flag|Tonga}}||align=right|468 |- |align=right|181||{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}||align=right|450 |- |align=right|182||{{flag|Micronesia, Federated States of}}||align=right|335 |- |align=right|183||{{flag|Palau}}||align=right|300 |- |align=right|184||{{flag|Marshall Islands}}||align=right|230 |- |align=right|185||{{flag|Kiribati}}||align=right|205 |- |align=right|186||{{flag|Tuvalu}}||align=right|45 |} |<!-- WORLD BANK DATA --> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:0;" |- ! style="width:2em;" data-sort-type="number" |Wadanmaha !! GDP<br>(US$million) |-style="font-weight:bold;background:#eaecf0" | data-sort-value="-1" | &nbsp; || data-sort-value="" |{{noflag}}''[[Gross world product|World]]''||align=right|{{nts|205,683,787}} |- | align="right" | 1 || {{Flag|China}} “PRC”|| align="right" | {{nts|44,390,604}} |- |-style="background-color:#f0f0f0" |—||{{nowrap|European Union}}|| align="right" |35,769,286 |- | align="right" | 2 || {{Flag|United States}}<ref group="n" name="USA-HM" /> || align="right" | {{nts|35,237,700}} |- | align="right" | 3 || {{Flag|India}} || align="right" | {{nts|20,872,137}} |- | align="right" | 4 || {{Flag|Russian Federation}} || align="right" | {{nts|10,988,439}} |- | align="right" | 5 || {{Flag|Japan}} || align="right" | {{nts|5,927,491}} |- | align="right" | 9 || {{Flag|Germany}} || align="right" | {{nts|5,934,798}} |- | align="right" | 6 || {{Flag|United Kingdom}} || align="right"|{{nts|4,222,434}} |- | align="right" | 7 || {{Flag|France}} || align="right" |{{nts|3,192,501}} |- | align="right" | 8 || {{Flag|Brazil}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,355,506}} |- | align="right" | 10 || {{Flag|Canada}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,253,043}} |- | align="right" | 11 || {{Flag|South Korea}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,277,524}} |- | align="right" | 12 || {{Flag|Indonesia}}<ref group="n" name="RUS" />||align="right"| {{nts|2,133,751}} |- | align="right" | 13 || {{Flag|Australia}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,223,421}} |- | align="right" | 14 || {{Flag|Spain}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,211,320}} |- | align="right" | 15 || {{Flag|Mexico}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,249,919}} |- | align="right" | 16 || {{Flag|Saudi Arabia}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,115,539}} |- | align="right" | 17 || {{Flag|Turkey}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,151,102}} |- | align="right" | 18 || {{Flag|Italy}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,111,200}} |- | align="right" | 19 || {{Flag|Egypt}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,111,127}} |- | align="right" | 21 || {{Flag|Argentina}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,037,590}} |- | align="right" | 22 || {{Flag|Netherlands}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,038,040}} |- | align="right" | 23 || {{Flag|South Africa}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,011,510}} |- | align="right" | 20 || {{Flag|Switzerland}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,178,887}} |- | align="right" | 24 || {{Flag|Belgium}} || align="right" | {{nts|492,681}} |- | align="right" | 25 || {{Flag|Thailand}} || align="right" | {{nts|455,221}} |- | align="right" | 26 || {{Flag|Sweden}} || align="right" | {{nts|439,514}} |- | align="right" | 27 || {{Flag|Austria}} || align="right" | {{nts|416,596}} |- | align="right" | 28 || {{Flag|Norway}} || align="right" | {{nts|398,832}} |- | align="right" | 29 || {{Flag|Ireland}} || align="right" | {{nts|382,575}} |- | align="right" | 30 || {{Flag|Nigeria}} || align="right" | {{nts|375,771}} |- | align="right" | 31 || {{Flag|Iran}} || align="right" | {{nts|350,851}} |- | align="right" | 32 || {{Flag|Netherlands}} || align="right" | {{nts|349,419}} |- | align="right" | — ||''{{Flag|Hong Kong}}''|| align="right" |{{nts|341,449}} |- | align="right" | 33 || {{Flag|Israel}} || align="right" | {{nts|333,731}} |- | align="right" | 34 || {{Flag|Denmark}} || align="right" | {{nts|324,872}} |- | align="right" | 35 || {{Flag|Singapore}} || align="right" | {{nts|323,907}} |- | align="right" | 36 || {{Flag|Malaysia}} || align="right" | {{nts|314,500}} |- | align="right" | 37 || {{Flag|Philippines}} || align="right" | {{nts|313,595}} |- | align="right" | 38 || {{Flag|Colombia}} || align="right" | {{nts|309,191}} |- | align="right" | 39 || {{Flag|Pakistan}} || align="right" | {{nts|304,952}} |- | align="right" | 40 || {{Flag|Chile}} || align="right" | {{nts|277,076}} |- | align="right" | 41 || {{Flag|Finland}} || align="right" | {{nts|251,885}} |- | align="right" | 42 || {{Flag|Bangladesh}} || align="right" | {{nts|249,724}} |- | align="right" | 43 || {{Flag|Poland}} || align="right" | {{nts|235,369}} |- | align="right" | 44 || {{Flag|Vietnam}} || align="right" | {{nts|223,864}} |- | align="right" | 45 || {{Flag|Portugal}} || align="right" | {{nts|217,571}} |- | align="right" | 46 || {{Flag|Czech Republic}} || align="right" | {{nts|215,726}} |- | align="right" | 47 || {{Flag|Romania}} || align="right" | {{nts|211,803}} |- | align="right" | 48 || {{Flag|Peru}} || align="right" | {{nts|211,389}} |- | align="right" | 49 || {{Flag|New Zealand}} || align="right" | {{nts|205,853}} |- | align="right" | 50 || {{Flag|Greece}} || align="right" | {{nts|200,288}} |- | align="right" | 51 || {{Flag|Iraq}} || align="right" | {{nts|197,716}} |- | align="right" | 52 || {{Flag|Algeria}} || align="right" | {{nts|170,371}} |- | align="right" | 53 || {{Flag|Qatar}} || align="right" | {{nts|167,605}} |- | align="right" | 54 || {{Flag|Kazakhstan}} || align="right" | {{nts|159,407}} |- | align="right" | 55 || {{Flag|Hungary}} || align="right" | {{nts|139,135}} |- | align="right" | 56 || {{Flag|Angola}} || align="right" | {{nts|124,209}} |- | align="right" | 57 || {{Flag|Kuwait}} || align="right" | {{nts|120,126}} |- | align="right" | 58 || {{Flag|Sudan}} || align="right" | {{nts|117,488}} |- | align="right" | 59 || {{Flag|Ukraine}} || align="right" | {{nts|112,154}} |- | align="right" | 60 || {{Flag|Morocco}}<ref group="n" name="Morocco" /> || align="right" | {{nts|109,139}} |- | align="right" | 61 || {{Flag|Ecuador}} || align="right" | {{nts|103,057}} |- | align="right" | 62 || {{Flag|Slovak Republic}} || align="right" | {{nts|95,769}} |- | align="right" | 63 || {{Flag|Sri Lanka}} || align="right" | {{nts|87,175}} |- | align="right" | 64 || {{Flag|Ethiopia}} || align="right" | {{nts|80,561}} |- | align="right" | 65 || {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} || align="right" | {{nts|75,932}} |- | align="right" | 66 || {{Flag|Guatemala}} || align="right" | {{nts|75,620}} |- | align="right" | 67 || {{Flag|Kenya}} || align="right" | {{nts|74,938}} |- | align="right" | 68 || {{Flag|Oman}} || align="right" | {{nts|72,643}} |- | align="right" | 69 || {{Flag|Myanmar}} || align="right" | {{nts|69,322}} |- | align="right" | 70 || {{Flag|Luxembourg}} || align="right" | {{nts|62,404}} |- | align="right" | 71 || {{Flag|Panama}} || align="right" | {{nts|61,838}} |- | align="right" | 72 || {{Flag|Costa Rica}} || align="right" | {{nts|57,057}} |- | align="right" | 73 || {{Flag|Bulgaria}} || align="right" | {{nts|56,832}} |- | align="right" | 74 || {{Flag|Uruguay}} || align="right" | {{nts|56,157}} |- | align="right" | 75 || {{Flag|Croatia}} || align="right" | {{nts|54,849}} |- | align="right" | 76 || {{Flag|Belarus}} || align="right" | {{nts|54,442}} |- | align="right" | 77 || {{Flag|Tanzania}}<ref group="n" name="Tanzania" /> || align="right" | {{nts|52,090}} |- | align="right" | 78 || {{Flag|Lebanon}} || align="right" | {{nts|51,844}} |- | align="right" | 79 || {{Flag|Libya}} || align="right" | {{nts|50,984}} |- | align="right" | — || ''{{Flag|Macau}}'' || align="right" | {{nts|50,361}} |- | align="right" | 80 || {{Flag|Slovenia}} || align="right" | {{nts|48,770}} |- | align="right" | 81 || {{Flag|Uzbekistan}} || align="right" | {{nts|48,718}} |- | align="right" | 82 || {{Flag|Ghana}} || align="right" | {{nts|47,330}} |- | align="right" | 83 || {{Flag|Lithuania}} || align="right" | {{nts|47,168}} |- | align="right" | 84 || {{Flag|Turkmenistan}} || align="right" | {{nts|42,355}} |- | align="right" | 85 || {{Flag|Serbia}} || align="right" | {{nts|41,432}} |- | align="right" | 86 || {{Flag|Azerbaijan}} || align="right" | {{nts|40,748}} |- | align="right" | 87 || {{Flag|Cote d'Ivoire}} || align="right" | {{nts|40,389}} |- | align="right" | 88 || {{Flag|Tunisia}} || align="right" | {{nts|40,257}} |- | align="right" | 89 || {{Flag|Jordan}} || align="right" | {{nts|40,068}} |- | align="right" | 90 || {{Flag|Bolivia}} || align="right" | {{nts|37,509}} |- | align="right" | 91 || {{Flag|Congo, Democratic Republic of the}} || align="right" | {{nts|37,241}} |- | align="right" | 92 || {{Flag|Bahrain}} || align="right" | {{nts|35,307}} |- | align="right" | 93 || {{Flag|Cameroon}} || align="right" | {{nts|34,799}} |- | align="right" | 94 || {{Flag|Latvia}} || align="right" | {{nts|30,264}} |- | align="right" | 95 || {{Flag|Paraguay}} || align="right" | {{nts|29,735}} |- | align="right" | 96 || {{Flag|Estonia}} || align="right" | {{nts|25,921}} |- | align="right" | 97 || {{Flag|Uganda}} || align="right" | {{nts|25,891}} |- | align="right" | 98 || {{Flag|Zambia}} || align="right" | {{nts|25,809}} |- | align="right" | 99 || {{Flag|El Salvador}} || align="right" | {{nts|24,805}} |- | align="right" | 100 || {{Flag|Nepal}} || align="right" | {{nts|24,472}} |- | align="right" | 101 || {{Flag|Iceland}} || align="right" | {{nts|23,909}} |- | align="right" | 102 || {{Flag|Honduras}} || align="right" | {{nts|22,979}} |- | align="right" | 103 || {{Flag|Cambodia}} || align="right" | {{nts|22,158}} |- | align="right" | 104 || {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} || align="right" | {{nts|22,105}} |- | align="right" | 105 || {{Flag|Cyprus}}<ref group="n" name="Cyprus" /> || align="right" | {{nts|21,652}} |- | align="right" | 106 || {{Flag|Papua New Guinea}} || align="right" | {{nts|21,089}} |- | align="right" | 107 || {{Flag|Afghanistan}} || align="right" | {{nts|20,815}} |- | align="right" | 108 || {{Flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} || align="right" | {{nts|18,169}} |- | align="right" | 109 || {{Flag|Somalia}} || align="right" | {{nts|17,846}} |- | align="right" | 110 || {{Flag|Botswana}} || align="right" | {{nts|17,407}} |- | align="right" | 111 || {{Flag|Laos}} || align="right" | {{nts|16,853}} |- | align="right" | 112 || {{Flag|Senegal}} || align="right" | {{nts|16,375}} |- | align="right" | 113 || {{Flag|Mali}} || align="right" | {{nts|15,288}} |- | align="right" | 114 || {{Flag|Georgia}}<ref group="n" name="Georgia" /> || align="right" | {{nts|15,159}} |- | align="right" | 115 || {{Flag|Jamaica}} || align="right" | {{nts|14,768}} |- | align="right" | 116 || {{Flag|Gabon}} || align="right" | {{nts|14,623}} |- | align="right" | — || ''{{Flag|West Bank and Gaza}}'' || align="right" | {{nts|14,498}} |- | align="right" | 117 || {{Flag|Nicaragua}} || align="right" | {{nts|13,814}} |- | align="right" | 118 || {{Flag|Mauritius}} || align="right" | {{nts|13,338}} |- | align="right" | 119 || {{Flag|Namibia}} || align="right" | {{nts|13,245}} |- | align="right" | 120 || {{Flag|Albania}} || align="right" | {{nts|13,039}} |- | align="right" | 121 || {{Flag|Burkina Faso}} || align="right" | {{nts|12,873}} |- | align="right" | 122 || {{Flag|Malta}} || align="right" | {{nts|12,538}} |- | align="right" | 123 || {{Flag|Equatorial Guinea}} || align="right" | {{nts|12,487}} |- | align="right" | 124 || {{Flag|Mozambique}} || align="right" | {{nts|12,334}} |- | align="right" | 125 || {{Flag|Bahamas, The}} || align="right" | {{nts|12,162}} |- | align="right" | 126 || {{Flag|Brunei}} || align="right" | {{nts|12,128}} |- | align="right" | 127 || {{Flag|Armenia}} || align="right" | {{nts|11,537}} |- | align="right" | 128 || {{Flag|Madagascar}} || align="right" | {{nts|11,500}} |- | align="right" | 129 || {{Flag|Mongolia}} || align="right" | {{nts|11,488}} |- | align="right" | 130 || {{Flag|Macedonia}} || align="right" | {{nts|11,338}} |- | align="right" | 131 || {{Flag|Guinea}} || align="right" | {{nts|10,491}} |- | align="right" | 132 || {{Flag|Chad}} || align="right" | {{nts|9,981}} |- | align="right" | 133 || {{Flag|Somalia}} || align="right" | {{nts|9,274}} |- | align="right" | 134 || {{Flag|Rwanda}} || align="right" | {{nts|9,137}} |- | align="right" | 135 || {{Flag|Congo, Republic of the}} || align="right" | {{nts|8,723}} |- | align="right" | 136 || {{Flag|Haiti}} || align="right" | {{nts|8,408}} |- | align="right" | 137 || {{Flag|Moldova}}<ref group="n" name="Moldova" /> || align="right" | {{nts|8,128}} |- | align="right" | 138 || {{Flag|Niger}} || align="right" | {{nts|8,120}} |- | align="right" | 139 || {{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}} || align="right" | {{nts|7,565}} |- | align="right" | 140 || {{Flag|Benin}} || align="right" | {{nts|9,369}} |- | align="right" | 141 || {{Flag|Tajikistan}} || align="right" | {{nts|7,146}} |- | align="right" | — || {{Flag|Kosovo}} || align="right" | {{nts|7,129}} |- | align="right" | 142 || {{Flag|Malawi}} || align="right" | {{nts|6,303}} |- | align="right" | 143 || {{Flag|Fiji}} || align="right" | {{nts|5,061}} |- | align="right" | 144 || {{Flag|Mauritania}} || align="right" | {{nts|5,025}} |- | align="right" | 145 || {{Flag|Togo}} || align="right" | {{nts|4,813}} |- | align="right" | 146 || {{Flag|Barbados}} || align="right" | {{nts|4,797}} |- | align="right" | 147 || {{Flag|Montenegro}} || align="right" | {{nts|4,774}} |- | align="right" | 148 || {{Flag|Maldives}} || align="right" | {{nts|4,597}} |- | align="right" | 149 || {{Flag|Swaziland}} || align="right" | {{nts|4,409}} |- | align="right" | 150 || {{Flag|Sierra Leone}} || align="right" | {{nts|3,774}} |- | align="right" | 151 || {{Flag|Guyana}} || align="right" | {{nts|3,676}} |- | align="right" | 152 || {{Flag|Burundi}} || align="right" | {{nts|3,478}} |- | align="right" | 153 || {{Flag|Suriname}} || align="right" | {{nts|3,324}} |- | align="right" | 154 || {{Flag|Andorra}} || align="right" | {{nts|3,013}} |- | align="right" | 155 || {{Flag|Timor-Leste}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,955}} |- | align="right" | 156 || {{Flag|Lesotho}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,639}} |- | align="right" | 157 || {{Flag|Bhutan}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,512}} |- | align="right" | 158 || {{Flag|Liberia}} || align="right" | {{nts|2,158}} |- | align="right" | 159 || {{Flag|Central African Republic}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,949}} |- | align="right" | 160 || {{Flag|Djibouti}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,845}} |- | align="right" | 161 || {{Flag|Belize}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,838}} |- | align="right" | 162 || {{Flag|Cabo Verde}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,754}} |- | align="right" | 163 || {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,712}} |- | align="right" | 164 || {{Flag|San Marino}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,659}} |- | align="right" | 165 || {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,532}} |- | align="right" | 166 || {{Flag|Seychelles}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,486}} |- | align="right" | 167 || {{Flag|Guinea-Bissau}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,347}} |- | align="right" | 168 || {{Flag|Solomon Islands}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,303}} |- | align="right" | 169 || {{Flag|Grenada}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,119}} |- | align="right" | 170 || {{Flag|Gambia, The}} || align="right" | {{nts|1,015}} |- | align="right" | 171 || {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} || align="right" | {{nts|946}} |- | align="right" | 172 || {{Flag|Vanuatu}} || align="right" | {{nts|863}} |- | align="right" | 173 || {{Flag|Samoa}} || align="right" | {{nts|857}} |- | align="right" | 174 || {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} || align="right" | {{nts|790}} |- | align="right" | 175 || {{Flag|Comoros}} || align="right" | {{nts|649}} |- | align="right" | 176 || {{Flag|Dominica}} || align="right" | {{nts|563}} |- | align="right" | 177 || {{Flag|Tonga}} || align="right" | {{nts|426}} |- | align="right" | 178 || {{Flag|Sao Tome and Principe}} || align="right" | {{nts|391}} |- | align="right" | 179 || {{Flag|Micronesia, Federated States of}} || align="right" | {{nts|336}} |- | align="right" | 180 || {{Flag|Palau}} || align="right" | {{nts|292}} |- | align="right" | 181|| {{Flag|Marshall Islands}} || align="right" | {{nts|199}} |- | align="right" | 182 || {{Flag|Kiribati}} || align="right" | {{nts|196}} |- | align="right" | 183 || {{Flag|Nauru}} || align="right" | {{nts|114}} |- | align="right" | 184 || {{Flag|Tuvalu}} || align="right" | {{nts|40}} |} |<!-- UNITED NATIONS DATA --> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:0;" |- ! style="width:2em;" data-sort-type="number" | Wadanmaha !! GDP<br>(US$million) |-style="font-weight:bold;background:#eaecf0" | data-sort-value="-1" | &nbsp; || data-sort-value="" |{{noflag}}''[[Gross world product|World]]''<ref name="UN">{{cite web|title=All countries and regions/subregions (totals) for all years - sorted by region/subregion|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnltransfer.asp?fID=4|website=United Nations|publisher=United Nations|accessdate=Jan 28, 2019|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=Bisha Shanaad 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514223556/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/Index|dead-url=yes}}</ref>||align=right|{{nts|205,501,413}} |-style= |align=right|1||{{flag|China}}PRC.||align=right|{{nts|45,485,394}} |- |-style="background-color:#f0f0f0" |—||{{nowrap|European Union}}|| align="right" |44,769,286 |- |- |align=right|2||{{flag|United States}}<ref group="n" name="US-HM" />||align=right|{{nts|35,234,781}} |- |align=right|3||{{flag|India}}||align=right|{{nts|20,872,415}} |- |align=right|4||{{flag|Russian Federation}}||align=right|{{nts|10,123,214}} |- |align=right|5||{{flag|Germany}}||align=right|{{nts|7,331,228}} |- |align=right|7||{{flag|Japan}}||align=right|{{nts|6,975,666}} |- |align=right|6||{{flag|France}}||align=right|{{nts|3,022,492}} |- |align=right|8||{{flag|Brazil}}||align=right|{{nts|2,955,512}} |- |align=right|9||{{flag|Italy}}||align=right|{{nts|2,943,835}} |- |align=right|10||{{flag|United Kingdom}}||align=right|{{nts|2,647,120}} |- |align=right|11||{{flag|Indonesia}}||align=right|{{nts|2,577,524}} |- |align=right|12||{{flag|Canada}}<ref group="n" name="Quebecaise" />||align=right|{{nts|2,530,750}} |- |align=right|13||{{flag|South Korea}}||align=right|{{nts|2,408,675}} |- |align=right|14||{{flag|Mexico}}||align=right|{{nts|2,314,314}} |- |align=right|15||{{flag|Turkey}}||align=right|{{nts|2,158,229}} |- |align=right|16||{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}||align=right|{{nts|2,215,539}} |- |align=right|17||{{flag|Spain}}||align=right|{{nts|2,251,541}} |- |align=right|18||{{flag|Australia}}||align=right|{{nts|2,231,572}} |- |align=right|19||{{flag|Egypt}}||align=right|{{nts|2,283,827}} |- |align=right|20||{{flag|Switzerland}}||align=right|{{nts|2,178,938}} |- |align=right|21||{{flag|Argentina}}||align=right|{{nts|2,137,486}} |- |align=right|22||{{flag|Iran}}||align=right|{{nts|535,607}} |- |align=right|23||{{flag|Netherlands}}||align=right|{{nts|526,211}} |- |align=right|24||{{flag|Belgium}}||align=right|{{nts|494,763}} |- |align=right|25||{{flag|Sweden}}||align=right|{{nts|460,976}} |- |align=right|26||{{flag|Thailand}}||align=right|{{nts|455,302}} |- |align=right|27||{{flag|Austria}}||align=right|{{nts|416,835}} |- |align=right|28||{{flag|Norway}}||align=right|{{nts|399,470}} |- |align=right|29||{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}||align=right|{{nts|382,575}} |- |align=right|30||{{flag|Nigeria}}||align=right|{{nts|375,769}} |- |align=right|31||{{flag|Israel}}||align=right|{{nts|353,268}} |- |align=right|32||{{flag|South Africa}}||align=right|{{nts|348,872}} |- |align=right|—||''{{flag|Hong Kong}}''|| align="right" |{{nts|341,659}} |- |align=right|33||{{flag|Ireland}}||align=right|{{nts|331,430}} |- |align=right|34||{{flag|Denmark}}||align=right|{{nts|329,865}} |- |align=right|35||{{flag|Singapore}}||align=right|{{nts|323,901}} |- |align=right|36||{{flag|Malaysia}}||align=right|{{nts|314,707}} |- |align=right|37||{{flag|Philippines}}||align=right|{{nts|313,595}} |- |align=right|38||{{flag|Colombia}}||align=right|{{nts|309,191}} |- |align=right|39||{{flag|Pakistan}}||align=right|{{nts|302,139}} |- |align=right|40||{{flag|Chile}}||align=right|{{nts|277,080}} |- |align=right|41||{{flag|Venezuela}}||align=right|{{nts|255,092}} |- |align=right|42||{{flag|Finland}}||align=right|{{nts|252,246}} |- |align=right|43||{{flag|Bangladesh}}||align=right|{{nts|245,633}} |- |align=right|44||{{flag|Vietnam}}||align=right|{{nts|223,779}} |- |align=right|45||{{flag|Czech Republic}}||align=right|{{nts|215,824}} |- 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|align=right|165||{{flag|Lesotho}}||align=right|{{nts|2,081}} |- |align=right|166||{{flag|Central African Republic}}||align=right|{{nts|1,992}} |- |align=right|167||{{flag|Belize}}||align=right|{{nts|1,902}} |- |align=right|168||{{flag|Cape Verde}}||align=right|{{nts|1,855}} |- |align=right|169||{{flag|Djibouti}}||align=right|{{nts|1,844}} |- |align=right|170||{{flag|Saint Lucia}}||align=right|{{nts|1,718}} |- |align=right|171||{{flag|San Marino}}||align=right|{{nts|1,689}} |- |align=right|172|| || align="right" | |- |align=right|173||{{flag|Seychelles}}||align=right|{{nts|1,486}} |- |align=right|—||''{{flag|Zanzibar}}''||align=right|{{nts|1,391}} |- |align=right|174||{{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}||align=right|{{nts|1,248}} |- |align=right|175||{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}||align=right|{{nts|1,209}} |- |align=right|176||{{flag|Solomon Islands}}||align=right|{{nts|1,103}} |- |align=right|—||''{{flag|Sint Maarten}}''||align=right|{{nts|1,059}} |- |align=right|—||''{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}''||align=right|{{nts|902}} |- |align=right|177||{{flag|Grenada}}||align=right|{{nts|884}} |- |align=right|178||{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}||align=right|{{nts|852}} |- |align=right|179||{{flag|Gambia, The}}||align=right|{{nts|851}} |- |align=right|180||{{flag|Samoa}}||align=right|{{nts|824}} |- |align=right|181||{{flag|Vanuatu}}||align=right|{{nts|812}} |- |align=right|—||''{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}''||align=right|{{nts|797}} |} <references /> fww0hq91y36lovxtf8zegi9hrbsqzrw 0 33478 310060 280156 2026-10-06T12:52:37Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310060 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waddanka Djibouti Kubedka''' [[File:El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Soccerball mask.svg|right|200px|]] http://www.fdf.dj/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.fdf.dj/ |date=20151208213658 }} {{Flag|Djibouti}} [[File:Warsama-Hassan-15.jpg|thumb|right|300px|]] * [[CECAFA]] * [[FIFA]] * [[CAF]] ==Dharka Djibouti== '''AMS Sports''' ==Kubedka Djibouti== * 2003{{Flag|Djibouti}} '''0 - 0''' {{Flag|Nigeria}} * 2017{{Flag|Djibouti}} '''2 - 0''' {{Flag|South Sudan}} * 2019{{Flag|Djibouti}} '''2-1''' Eswatini * 2023 {{Flag|Djibouti}} '''3-1''' {{Flag|Pakistan}} Tiroka Dundia '''182''' * 1 GK Nasradine Abdi Aptidon 5 June 1994 (age 27) 2 0 Djibouti AS Port * 16 GK Innocent Mbonihankuye 5 November 1996 (age 24) 11 0 Djibouti AS Port * 22 GK Bilal Ahmed Hassan 21 April 1993 (age 28) 3 0 Djibouti Gendarmerie Nationale FC * 2 DF Mohamed Bourhan Mohamed 18 May 1991 (age 30) 12 0 Djibouti AS Port * 4 DF Youssouf Batio Mohamed 28 November 1991 (age 29) 13 0 Djibouti GR/SIAF * 14 DF Moussa Araita Hamadou 24 July 1997 (age 24) 0 0 Djibouti GR/SIAF * 17 DF Yabe Siad Isman 12 March 1998 (age 23) 8 0 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 23 DF Daoud Wais (Captain) 6 December 1986 (age 34) 31 1 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 3 MF Ali Youssouf Farada 29 August 1995 (age 26) 13 1 Djibouti AS Port * 5 MF Abdi Idleh Hamza 16 December 1991 (age 29) 14 2 Djibouti FC Dikhil/SGDT * 6 MF Sabri Ali 20 September 2000 (age 20) 2 0 Djibouti FC Dikhil/SGDT * 10 MF Omar Elmi Aboubaker 27 October 1991 (age 29) 14 0 Djibouti GR/SIAF * 11 MF Radwan Ahad Daher 4 October 1997 (age 23) 2 0 Djibouti ASAS Djibouti Télécom * 12 MF Saleh Bourhan Hassan 19 December 1996 (age 24) 7 0 Djibouti AS Port * 15 MF Abass Fouad Abdourahman 1 November 1999 (age 21) 5 0 Djibouti ASAS Djibouti Télécom * 19 MF Fouad Moussa 28 April 1993 (age 28) 12 1 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 20 MF Ali Houmed Bilah 20 January 1993 (age 28) 0 0 Djibouti FC Dikhil/SGDT * 7 FW Mohamed Fouad Mohamed 25 February 2000 (age 21) 7 0 Djibouti AS Port * 8 FW Ahmed Youssouf Omar 1 September 1998 (age 23) 6 0 Djibouti AS Port * 9 FW Mahdi Houssein Mahabeh 20 December 1995 (age 25) 16 6 Djibouti ASAS Djibouti Télécom * 13 FW Doualeh Mahamoud Elabeh 11 November 1991 (age 29) 13 0 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 18 FW Samuel Akinbinu 6 June 1999 (age 22) 2 1 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 21 FW Mourad Abdulkader 13 June 1996 (age 25) 2 0 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 ==Sido Kale fiiri== * [[Soomaaliya Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Kenya Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Masar kubada]] jz7q5e2izlvgqyw1ttew9dj2747m6vj 310061 310060 2026-10-06T12:52:56Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310061 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waddanka Djibouti Kubedka''' [[File:El_Hadj_Hassan_Gouled_Aptidon_Stadium.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] http://www.fdf.dj/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.fdf.dj/ |date=20151208213658 }} {{Flag|Djibouti}} [[File:Warsama-Hassan-15.jpg|thumb|right|300px|]] * [[CECAFA]] * [[FIFA]] * [[CAF]] ==Dharka Djibouti== '''AMS Sports''' ==Kubedka Djibouti== * 2003{{Flag|Djibouti}} '''0 - 0''' {{Flag|Nigeria}} * 2017{{Flag|Djibouti}} '''2 - 0''' {{Flag|South Sudan}} * 2019{{Flag|Djibouti}} '''2-1''' Eswatini * 2023 {{Flag|Djibouti}} '''3-1''' {{Flag|Pakistan}} Tiroka Dundia '''182''' * 1 GK Nasradine Abdi Aptidon 5 June 1994 (age 27) 2 0 Djibouti AS Port * 16 GK Innocent Mbonihankuye 5 November 1996 (age 24) 11 0 Djibouti AS Port * 22 GK Bilal Ahmed Hassan 21 April 1993 (age 28) 3 0 Djibouti Gendarmerie Nationale FC * 2 DF Mohamed Bourhan Mohamed 18 May 1991 (age 30) 12 0 Djibouti AS Port * 4 DF Youssouf Batio Mohamed 28 November 1991 (age 29) 13 0 Djibouti GR/SIAF * 14 DF Moussa Araita Hamadou 24 July 1997 (age 24) 0 0 Djibouti GR/SIAF * 17 DF Yabe Siad Isman 12 March 1998 (age 23) 8 0 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 23 DF Daoud Wais (Captain) 6 December 1986 (age 34) 31 1 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 3 MF Ali Youssouf Farada 29 August 1995 (age 26) 13 1 Djibouti AS Port * 5 MF Abdi Idleh Hamza 16 December 1991 (age 29) 14 2 Djibouti FC Dikhil/SGDT * 6 MF Sabri Ali 20 September 2000 (age 20) 2 0 Djibouti FC Dikhil/SGDT * 10 MF Omar Elmi Aboubaker 27 October 1991 (age 29) 14 0 Djibouti GR/SIAF * 11 MF Radwan Ahad Daher 4 October 1997 (age 23) 2 0 Djibouti ASAS Djibouti Télécom * 12 MF Saleh Bourhan Hassan 19 December 1996 (age 24) 7 0 Djibouti AS Port * 15 MF Abass Fouad Abdourahman 1 November 1999 (age 21) 5 0 Djibouti ASAS Djibouti Télécom * 19 MF Fouad Moussa 28 April 1993 (age 28) 12 1 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 20 MF Ali Houmed Bilah 20 January 1993 (age 28) 0 0 Djibouti FC Dikhil/SGDT * 7 FW Mohamed Fouad Mohamed 25 February 2000 (age 21) 7 0 Djibouti AS Port * 8 FW Ahmed Youssouf Omar 1 September 1998 (age 23) 6 0 Djibouti AS Port * 9 FW Mahdi Houssein Mahabeh 20 December 1995 (age 25) 16 6 Djibouti ASAS Djibouti Télécom * 13 FW Doualeh Mahamoud Elabeh 11 November 1991 (age 29) 13 0 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 18 FW Samuel Akinbinu 6 June 1999 (age 22) 2 1 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 * 21 FW Mourad Abdulkader 13 June 1996 (age 25) 2 0 Djibouti Arta/Solar7 ==Sido Kale fiiri== * [[Soomaaliya Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Kenya Kubedka]] * [[Waddanka Masar kubada]] 011qifaihl4wmwwe9daxo227qtghy9x 0 33870 310054 280289 2026-10-06T12:35:33Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 /* Kubedka USA */ 310054 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:RFK_Stadium_aerial_photo,_1988.JPEG|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:LAFC_East_Side_Stadium_interior.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Waddanka USA Kubedka * {{Flag|United States}} * [[FIFA]] * [[CONCACAF]] * Dunida Tiroka '''13''' ==Kubedka USA== * 2022 {{Flag|Mexico}} '''0-0''' {{Flag|United States}} * 2023 {{Flag|United States}} '''3-0''' {{Flag|Mexico}} * 2024 '''Panama''' 2-1 {{Flag|United States}} '''CA2024''' * 2025 {{Flag|United States}} '''3 -0''' '''Costa Rica''' * 2025 {{Flag|United States}} '''2-0''' {{Flag|Japan}} ==Dharka kubedka== {{Flag|United States}} '''Nike''' * 1 GK Matt Turner June 24, 1994 (age 27) 12 0 United States New England Revolution * 13 GK Sean Johnson May 31, 1989 (age 32) 9 0 United States New York City FC * GK Zack Steffen April 2, 1995 (age 26) 23 0 England Manchester City * 2 DF Sergiño Dest November 3, 2000 (age 20) 14 1 Spain Barcelona * 3 DF Walker Zimmerman May 19, 1993 (age 28) 19 2 United States Nashville SC * 5 DF Shaq Moore November 2, 1996 (age 24) 13 1 Spain Tenerife * 12 DF Miles Robinson March 14, 1997 (age 24) 13 3 United States Atlanta United * 15 DF Chris Richards March 28, 2000 (age 21) 3 0 Germany 1899 Hoffenheim * 18 DF Mark McKenzie February 25, 1999 (age 22) 8 0 Belgium Genk * 21 DF George Bello January 22, 2002 (age 19) 5 0 United States Atlanta United * 22 DF DeAndre Yedlin July 9, 1993 (age 28) 68 0 Turkey Galatasaray * DF Antonee Robinson August 8, 1997 (age 24) 16 1 England Fulham * 4 MF Tyler Adams February 14, 1999 (age 22) 19 1 Germany RB Leipzig * 6 MF Yunus Musah November 29, 2002 (age 18) 8 0 Spain Valencia * 8 MF Gianluca Busio May 29, 2002 (age 19) 6 0 Italy Venezia * 10 MF Cristian Roldan June 3, 1995 (age 26) 29 0 United States Seattle Sounders * 14 MF Luca de la Torre May 23, 1998 (age 23) 4 0 Netherlands Heracles Almelo * 17 MF Sebastian Lletget September 3, 1992 (age 29) 33 8 United States LA Galaxy * 23 MF Kellyn Acosta July 24, 1995 (age 26) 42 2 United States Colorado Rapids * MF Weston McKennie August 28, 1998 (age 23) 26 7 Italy Juventus * 7 FW Paul Arriola February 5, 1995 (age 26) 41 8 United States D.C. United * 9 FW Gyasi Zardes September 2, 1991 (age 30) 64 14 United States Columbus Crew * 11 FW Brenden Aaronson October 22, 2000 (age 20) 12 5 Austria Red Bull Salzburg * 16 FW Ricardo Pepi January 9, 2003 (age 18) 3 3 United States FC Dallas * 19 FW Matthew Hoppe March 13, 2001 (age 20) 5 1 Spain Mallorca * 20 FW Timothy Weah February 22, 2000 (age 21) 15 1 France Lille ==Sido Kale fiiri== [[CONCACAF]] du7d8huj7zi49d8m8poa21ll3rjze2a 0 34735 310055 273124 2026-10-06T12:38:28Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waddanka Algeria kubada''' [[File:Stade_5_Juillet_1962.jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|Algeria}}]] [[File:ACON_2015_CIV_ALG_(16511337801).jpg|thumb|right|200px|]] * {{Flag|Algeria}} * [[FIFA]] * [[UNAF]] * [[CAF]] ==Kubedka Algeria== * 1987{{Flag|Algeria}} 4 - 0 {{Flag|France}} * 2009{{Flag|Algeria}} 1 - 0 {{Flag|Egypt}} * 2014 {{Flag|Algeria}} 1 - 1 {{Flag|Russia}} * 2019{{Flag|Senegal}} 0 - 1 {{Flag|Algeria}} * 2020{{Flag|Algeria}} 2 - 2 {{Flag|Mexico}} * 2024{{Flag|Algeria}} 3-2 '''Boliva''' * 2024{{Flag|Algeria}} 5-1 Liberia ==Dharka Kubedka== * {{Flag|Germany}} '''Addidas''' * GK Raïs M'Bolhi (third captain) 25 April 1986 (age 35) 83 0 Saudi Arabia Al-Ettifaq * GK Alexandre Oukidja 19 July 1988 (age 33) 6 0 France Metz * GK Abderrahmane Medjadel 1 July 1998 (age 23) 0 0 Algeria Paradou AC * DF Aïssa Mandi (vice-captain) 22 October 1991 (age 30) 67 3 Spain Villarreal * DF Ramy Bensebaini 16 April 1995 (age 26) 41 5 Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach * DF Djamel Benlamri 25 December 1989 (age 31) 24 0 Qatar Qatar SC * DF Youcef Atal 17 May 1996 (age 25) 22 1 France Nice * DF Mehdi Zeffane 19 May 1992 (age 29) 19 1 Russia Krylia Sovetov * DF Mohamed Farès 15 February 1996 (age 25) 12 0 Italy Lazio * DF Abdelkader Bedrane 2 April 1992 (age 29) 5 0 Tunisia ES Tunis * DF Houcine Benayada 8 August 1992 (age 29) 3 0 Tunisia ES Sahel * DF Ahmed Touba 13 March 1998 (age 23) 2 0 Netherlands RKC Waalwijk * DF Abdel Medioub 28 August 1997 (age 24) 1 0 France Bordeaux * DF Ayoub Abdellaoui 16 February 1993 (age 28) 9 0 Saudi Arabia Al-Ettifaq * DF Réda Halaïmia 28 August 1996 (age 25) 5 0 Belgium Beerschot * MF Sofiane Feghouli 26 December 1989 (age 31) 74 19 Turkey Galatasaray * MF Ismaël Bennacer 1 December 1997 (age 24) 31 2 Italy Milan * MF Haris Belkebla 28 January 1994 (age 27) 9 0 France Brest * MF Hicham Boudaoui 23 September 1999 (age 22) 9 0 France Nice * MF Ramiz Zerrouki 26 May 1998 (age 23) 8 1 Netherlands Twente * MF Adem Zorgane 6 January 2000 (age 21) 4 0 Belgium Charleroi * FW Islam Slimani 18 June 1988 (age 33) 79 38 France Lyon * FW Riyad Mahrez (captain) 21 February 1991 (age 30) 69 26 England Manchester City * FW Baghdad Bounedjah 30 November 1991 (age 30) 47 22 Qatar Al-Sadd * FW Youcef Belaïli 14 March 1992 (age 29) 27 6 Qatar Qatar SC * FW Adam Ounas 11 November 1996 (age 25) 15 4 Italy Napoli * FW Saïd Benrahma 10 August 1995 (age 26) 13 1 England West Ham United r5dxw4cw4ezw6mwrc3nkp2t21t19uk6 0 34744 310049 310048 2026-10-06T12:31:24Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 /* Kubedka Brazil */ 310049 wikitext text/x-wiki Waddanka Brazil Kubedka [[File:Maracanã_2014_g.jpg|thumb|right|500px|]] * [[FIFA]] * [[CONMEBOL]] {{Flag|Brazil}} Dunida Tiroka '''3''' Xulka kubadda cagta Brazil oo ka mid ah xulalka kubbadda cagta adduunka ee ugu guulaha badan, isla markaana marar badan ku guuleystay koobka adduunka dalal kala duwan, ayaa leh qaab ciyaareed gooni ah oo loo arko inuu yahay kubadda cagta Brazil. ==Kubedka Brazil== * 2011 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''2-0''' {{Flag|Egypt}} * 2013 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''3-0''' {{Flag|Spain}} * 2018 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''2-0''' {{Flag|Croatia}} * 2022 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''5-1''' {{Flag|Tunisia}} * 2022{{Flag|Brazil}} 1-1 {{Flag|Croatia}} * 2023 '''Uruguay''' '''2-0''' {{Flag|Brazil}} * 2024 {{flag|Brazil}} 4-0 Peru * 2025 Ecuador '''0-0''' {{Flag|Brazil}} * 2026 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''4'''-'''0''' {{Flag|India}} ==Dharka Kubedka== {{Flag|United States}} '''Nike''' * 1 GK Alisson 2 October 1992 (age 29) 51 0 England Liverpool * 12 GK Gabriel Chapecó 29 March 2000 (age 21) 0 0 Brazil Grêmio * 23 GK Ederson 17 August 1993 (age 28) 17 0 England Manchester City * 4 DF Marquinhos (vice-captain) 14 May 1994 (age 27) 64 4 France Paris Saint-Germain * 13 DF Emerson 14 January 1999 (age 22) 6 0 England Tottenham Hotspur * 14 DF Éder Militão 18 January 1998 (age 23) 19 1 Spain Real Madrid * 16 DF Renan Lodi 8 April 1998 (age 23) 15 0 Spain Atlético Madrid * 22 DF Gabriel 19 December 1997 (age 23) 0 0 England Arsenal * 5 MF Fabinho 23 October 1993 (age 28) 22 0 England Liverpool * 7 MF Gerson 20 May 1997 (age 24) 4 0 France Marseille * 8 MF Fred 5 March 1993 (age 28) 23 0 England Manchester United * 11 MF Philippe Coutinho 12 June 1992 (age 29) 63 18 Spain Barcelona * 15 MF Edenílson 18 December 1989 (age 31) 2 0 Brazil Internacional * 17 MF Lucas Paquetá 27 August 1997 (age 24) 28 6 France Lyon * 9 FW Gabriel Jesus 3 April 1997 (age 24) 52 18 England Manchester City * 18 FW Antony 24 February 2000 (age 21) 5 1 Netherlands Ajax * 19 FW Raphinha 14 December 1996 (age 24) 5 2 England Leeds United * 20 FW Vinícius Júnior 12 July 2000 (age 21) 9 0 Spain Real Madrid * 21 FW Matheus Cunha 27 May 1999 (age 22) 4 0 Spain Atlético Madrid 618hds9jiyvzghovvl03etiiw144equ 310050 310049 2026-10-06T12:31:45Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 /* Kubedka Brazil */ 310050 wikitext text/x-wiki Waddanka Brazil Kubedka [[File:Maracanã_2014_g.jpg|thumb|right|500px|]] * [[FIFA]] * [[CONMEBOL]] {{Flag|Brazil}} Dunida Tiroka '''3''' Xulka kubadda cagta Brazil oo ka mid ah xulalka kubbadda cagta adduunka ee ugu guulaha badan, isla markaana marar badan ku guuleystay koobka adduunka dalal kala duwan, ayaa leh qaab ciyaareed gooni ah oo loo arko inuu yahay kubadda cagta Brazil. ==Kubedka Brazil== * 2022 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''5-1''' {{Flag|Tunisia}} * 2022{{Flag|Brazil}} 1-1 {{Flag|Croatia}} * 2023 '''Uruguay''' '''2-0''' {{Flag|Brazil}} * 2024 {{flag|Brazil}} 4-0 Peru * 2025 Ecuador '''0-0''' {{Flag|Brazil}} * 2026 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''4'''-'''0''' {{Flag|India}} ==Dharka Kubedka== {{Flag|United States}} '''Nike''' * 1 GK Alisson 2 October 1992 (age 29) 51 0 England Liverpool * 12 GK Gabriel Chapecó 29 March 2000 (age 21) 0 0 Brazil Grêmio * 23 GK Ederson 17 August 1993 (age 28) 17 0 England Manchester City * 4 DF Marquinhos (vice-captain) 14 May 1994 (age 27) 64 4 France Paris Saint-Germain * 13 DF Emerson 14 January 1999 (age 22) 6 0 England Tottenham Hotspur * 14 DF Éder Militão 18 January 1998 (age 23) 19 1 Spain Real Madrid * 16 DF Renan Lodi 8 April 1998 (age 23) 15 0 Spain Atlético Madrid * 22 DF Gabriel 19 December 1997 (age 23) 0 0 England Arsenal * 5 MF Fabinho 23 October 1993 (age 28) 22 0 England Liverpool * 7 MF Gerson 20 May 1997 (age 24) 4 0 France Marseille * 8 MF Fred 5 March 1993 (age 28) 23 0 England Manchester United * 11 MF Philippe Coutinho 12 June 1992 (age 29) 63 18 Spain Barcelona * 15 MF Edenílson 18 December 1989 (age 31) 2 0 Brazil Internacional * 17 MF Lucas Paquetá 27 August 1997 (age 24) 28 6 France Lyon * 9 FW Gabriel Jesus 3 April 1997 (age 24) 52 18 England Manchester City * 18 FW Antony 24 February 2000 (age 21) 5 1 Netherlands Ajax * 19 FW Raphinha 14 December 1996 (age 24) 5 2 England Leeds United * 20 FW Vinícius Júnior 12 July 2000 (age 21) 9 0 Spain Real Madrid * 21 FW Matheus Cunha 27 May 1999 (age 22) 4 0 Spain Atlético Madrid 2iccogmkshaeb7wcspnrndch32hkl1w 310051 310050 2026-10-06T12:32:47Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310051 wikitext text/x-wiki Waddanka Brazil Kubedka [[File:Maracanã_2014_g.jpg|thumb|right|500px|]] [[File:Brazil_and_Colombia_match_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup_2014-07-04_(26).jpg|thumb|right|200px|]] * [[FIFA]] * [[CONMEBOL]] {{Flag|Brazil}} Dunida Tiroka '''3''' Xulka kubadda cagta Brazil oo ka mid ah xulalka kubbadda cagta adduunka ee ugu guulaha badan, isla markaana marar badan ku guuleystay koobka adduunka dalal kala duwan, ayaa leh qaab ciyaareed gooni ah oo loo arko inuu yahay kubadda cagta Brazil. ==Kubedka Brazil== * 2022 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''5-1''' {{Flag|Tunisia}} * 2022{{Flag|Brazil}} 1-1 {{Flag|Croatia}} * 2023 '''Uruguay''' '''2-0''' {{Flag|Brazil}} * 2024 {{flag|Brazil}} 4-0 Peru * 2025 Ecuador '''0-0''' {{Flag|Brazil}} * 2026 {{Flag|Brazil}} '''4'''-'''0''' {{Flag|India}} ==Dharka Kubedka== {{Flag|United States}} '''Nike''' * 1 GK Alisson 2 October 1992 (age 29) 51 0 England Liverpool * 12 GK Gabriel Chapecó 29 March 2000 (age 21) 0 0 Brazil Grêmio * 23 GK Ederson 17 August 1993 (age 28) 17 0 England Manchester City * 4 DF Marquinhos (vice-captain) 14 May 1994 (age 27) 64 4 France Paris Saint-Germain * 13 DF Emerson 14 January 1999 (age 22) 6 0 England Tottenham Hotspur * 14 DF Éder Militão 18 January 1998 (age 23) 19 1 Spain Real Madrid * 16 DF Renan Lodi 8 April 1998 (age 23) 15 0 Spain Atlético Madrid * 22 DF Gabriel 19 December 1997 (age 23) 0 0 England Arsenal * 5 MF Fabinho 23 October 1993 (age 28) 22 0 England Liverpool * 7 MF Gerson 20 May 1997 (age 24) 4 0 France Marseille * 8 MF Fred 5 March 1993 (age 28) 23 0 England Manchester United * 11 MF Philippe Coutinho 12 June 1992 (age 29) 63 18 Spain Barcelona * 15 MF Edenílson 18 December 1989 (age 31) 2 0 Brazil Internacional * 17 MF Lucas Paquetá 27 August 1997 (age 24) 28 6 France Lyon * 9 FW Gabriel Jesus 3 April 1997 (age 24) 52 18 England Manchester City * 18 FW Antony 24 February 2000 (age 21) 5 1 Netherlands Ajax * 19 FW Raphinha 14 December 1996 (age 24) 5 2 England Leeds United * 20 FW Vinícius Júnior 12 July 2000 (age 21) 9 0 Spain Real Madrid * 21 FW Matheus Cunha 27 May 1999 (age 22) 4 0 Spain Atlético Madrid 44qm58z5024agagg0kcn06o0io4xcd0 0 34746 310052 310047 2026-10-06T12:34:35Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310052 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Death</big> forever= Waddanka Argentina Kubedka''' [[File:EstadioUnicoLaPlata_Interior_June2014.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Maradona_and_Rummenigge.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Maradonna ]] '''Argentina''' * [[FIFA]] * [[CONMEBOL]] ==Kubedka Argentina== * 2007 {{Flag|Australia}} '''0-1''' '''Argentina''' * 2009 {{Flag|France}} '''0-2''' '''Argentina''' * 2013 {{Flag|Sweden}} '''2-3''' '''Argentina''' * 2014 {{Flag|Germany}} '''2-4''' '''Argentina''' * 2022 Argentina 4 '''3-3''' 2 {{Flag|France}} WCF 2022 * 2024 Argentina '''3-0''' El Salvador * 2026 Argentina 5-0 Zambia * 2026 Argentina '''7'''-'''0''' Bukina faso ==Dharka Kubedka== {{Flag|Germany}} '''Addidas''' * 1 GK Franco Armani 16 October 1986 (age 35) 16 0 Argentina River Plate * 12 GK Juan Musso 6 May 1994 (age 27) 2 0 Italy Atalanta * 23 GK Emiliano Martínez 2 September 1992 (age 29) 14 0 England Aston Villa * 2 DF Lisandro Martínez 18 January 1998 (age 23) 4 0 Netherlands Ajax * 3 DF Nicolás Tagliafico 31 August 1992 (age 29) 36 0 Netherlands Ajax * 4 DF Gonzalo Montiel 1 January 1997 (age 24) 13 0 Spain Sevilla * 6 DF Germán Pezzella 27 June 1991 (age 30) 26 2 Spain Real Betis * 8 DF Marcos Acuña 28 October 1991 (age 30) 39 0 Spain Sevilla * 13 DF Cristian Romero 27 April 1998 (age 23) 10 1 England Tottenham Hotspur * 19 DF Nicolás Otamendi 12 February 1988 (age 33) 87 4 [[Burtuqaal|Portugal]] Benfica * 21 DF Nahuel Molina 6 April 1998 (age 23) 13 0 Italy Udinese * 5 MF Leandro Paredes 29 June 1994 (age 27) 41 4 France Paris Saint-Germain * 7 MF Rodrigo De Paul 24 May 1994 (age 27) 36 2 Spain Atlético Madrid * 11 MF Ángel Di María 14 February 1988 (age 33) 118 22 France Paris Saint-Germain * 14 MF Exequiel Palacios 5 October 1998 (age 23) 17 0 [[Jarmalka|Germany]] Bayer Leverkusen * 17 MF Nicolás Domínguez 28 June 1998 (age 23) 11 1 Italy Bologna * 18 MF Guido Rodríguez 12 April 1994 (age 27) 20 1 Spain Real Betis * 20 MF Giovani [[Lo]] Celso 9 April 1996 (age 25) 36 2 England Tottenham Hotspur * 9 FW Ángel Correa 9 March 1995 (age 26) 18 3 Spain Atlético Madrid * 10 FW Lionel Messi (captain) 24 June 1987 (age 34) 158 80 France Paris Saint-Germain * 15 FW Julián Álvarez 31 January 2000 (age 21) 5 0 Argentina River Plate * 16 FW Joaquín Correa 13 August 1994 (age 27) 15 3 Italy Internazionale * 22 FW Lautaro Martínez 22 August 1997 (age 24) 35 17 Italy Internazionale skey6vbjbtqyl2t9frnlafmlefnm2wq 310053 310052 2026-10-06T12:35:04Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310053 wikitext text/x-wiki '''<big>Death</big> forever= Waddanka Argentina Kubedka''' [[File:EstadioUnicoLaPlata_Interior_June2014.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Maradona_and_Rummenigge.jpg|thumb|right|200px| ninki Maradonna Kubeda ]] '''Argentina''' * [[FIFA]] * [[CONMEBOL]] ==Kubedka Argentina== * 2007 {{Flag|Australia}} '''0-1''' '''Argentina''' * 2009 {{Flag|France}} '''0-2''' '''Argentina''' * 2013 {{Flag|Sweden}} '''2-3''' '''Argentina''' * 2014 {{Flag|Germany}} '''2-4''' '''Argentina''' * 2022 Argentina 4 '''3-3''' 2 {{Flag|France}} WCF 2022 * 2024 Argentina '''3-0''' El Salvador * 2026 Argentina 5-0 Zambia * 2026 Argentina '''7'''-'''0''' Bukina faso ==Dharka Kubedka== {{Flag|Germany}} '''Addidas''' * 1 GK Franco Armani 16 October 1986 (age 35) 16 0 Argentina River Plate * 12 GK Juan Musso 6 May 1994 (age 27) 2 0 Italy Atalanta * 23 GK Emiliano Martínez 2 September 1992 (age 29) 14 0 England Aston Villa * 2 DF Lisandro Martínez 18 January 1998 (age 23) 4 0 Netherlands Ajax * 3 DF Nicolás Tagliafico 31 August 1992 (age 29) 36 0 Netherlands Ajax * 4 DF Gonzalo Montiel 1 January 1997 (age 24) 13 0 Spain Sevilla * 6 DF Germán Pezzella 27 June 1991 (age 30) 26 2 Spain Real Betis * 8 DF Marcos Acuña 28 October 1991 (age 30) 39 0 Spain Sevilla * 13 DF Cristian Romero 27 April 1998 (age 23) 10 1 England Tottenham Hotspur * 19 DF Nicolás Otamendi 12 February 1988 (age 33) 87 4 [[Burtuqaal|Portugal]] Benfica * 21 DF Nahuel Molina 6 April 1998 (age 23) 13 0 Italy Udinese * 5 MF Leandro Paredes 29 June 1994 (age 27) 41 4 France Paris Saint-Germain * 7 MF Rodrigo De Paul 24 May 1994 (age 27) 36 2 Spain Atlético Madrid * 11 MF Ángel Di María 14 February 1988 (age 33) 118 22 France Paris Saint-Germain * 14 MF Exequiel Palacios 5 October 1998 (age 23) 17 0 [[Jarmalka|Germany]] Bayer Leverkusen * 17 MF Nicolás Domínguez 28 June 1998 (age 23) 11 1 Italy Bologna * 18 MF Guido Rodríguez 12 April 1994 (age 27) 20 1 Spain Real Betis * 20 MF Giovani [[Lo]] Celso 9 April 1996 (age 25) 36 2 England Tottenham Hotspur * 9 FW Ángel Correa 9 March 1995 (age 26) 18 3 Spain Atlético Madrid * 10 FW Lionel Messi (captain) 24 June 1987 (age 34) 158 80 France Paris Saint-Germain * 15 FW Julián Álvarez 31 January 2000 (age 21) 5 0 Argentina River Plate * 16 FW Joaquín Correa 13 August 1994 (age 27) 15 3 Italy Internazionale * 22 FW Lautaro Martínez 22 August 1997 (age 24) 35 17 Italy Internazionale 92pgnx9ltrymmyrzd02tmmwo6oki0no 0 35494 310062 296099 2026-10-06T12:53:38Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 /* Kubedka Ivory coast */ 310062 wikitext text/x-wiki Waddanka Ivory Coast Kubedka [[File:StadeFHB.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] {{Flag|Ivory Coast}} * [[CAF]] * [[FIFA]] * [[WAFU]] ==Kubedka Ivory coast== *2016 {{Flag|France}} 0-0 {{Flag|Ivory Coast}} *2024 {{Flag|Ivory Coast}} 5-1 Sierra Leone *2024 {{Flag|Ivory Coast}} '''2-0''' Guinea Bissau '''AFCON 24''' ==Kubedka dharka== {{Flag|Germany}} '''Puma''' * 1 GK Ira Eliezer Tapé 31 August 1997 (age 24) 2 0 Ivory Coast San Pédro * 16 GK Sylvain Gbohouo 29 October 1988 (age 33) 65 0 Ethiopia Wolkite Ketema * 23 GK Badra Ali Sangaré 30 May 1986 (age 35) 21 0 South Africa JDR Stars * 26 GK Abdoul Karim Cissé 20 October 1985 (age 36) 6 0 Ivory Coast ASEC Mimosas * 3 DF Ghislain Konan 27 December 1995 (age 26) 17 0 France Reims * 5 DF Wilfried Kanon 6 July 1993 (age 28) 53 3 Egypt Pyramids * 6 DF Ousmane Ouattara 22 December 1993 (age 28) 1 1 Tunisia US Monastir * 7 DF Odilon Kossounou 4 January 2001 (age 21) 13 0 Germany Bayer Leverkusen * 14 DF Simon Deli 27 October 1991 (age 30) 22 0 Czech Republic Slavia Prague * 17 DF Serge Aurier 24 December 1992 (age 29) 77 3 Spain Villarreal * 21 DF Eric Bailly 12 April 1994 (age 27) 44 2 England Manchester United * 4 MF Jean Michaël Seri 19 July 1991 (age 30) 38 4 England Fulham * 8 MF Franck Kessié 19 December 1996 (age 25) 56 6 Italy Milan * 11 MF Maxwel Cornet 27 September 1996 (age 25) 27 6 England Burnley * 12 MF Habib Maïga 1 June 1996 (age 25) 13 0 France Metz * 13 MF Jérémie Boga 3 January 1997 (age 25) 8 1 Italy Atalanta * 15 MF Max Gradel 30 November 1987 (age 34) 94 16 Turkey Sivasspor * 18 MF Ibrahim Sangaré 2 December 1997 (age 24) 21 4 Netherlands PSV * 20 MF Serey Dié 7 November 1984 (age 37) 61 2 Switzerland Sion * 25 MF Hamed Traorè 16 February 2000 (age 21) 4 0 Italy Sassuolo * 27 MF Jean-Daniel Akpa Akpro 11 October 1992 (age 29) 17 0 Italy Lazio * 2 FW Karim Konaté 21 March 2004 (age 17) 1 0 Ivory Coast ASEC Mimosas * 9 FW Wilfried Zaha 10 November 1992 (age 29) 25 5 England Crystal Palace * 10 FW Jean Evrard Kouassi 25 September 1994 (age 27) 7 1 Turkey Trabzonspor * 19 FW Nicolas Pépé 20 May 1995 (age 26) 32 8 England Arsenal * 22 FW Sébastien Haller 22 June 1994 (age 27) 12 4 Netherlands Ajax * 24 FW Christian Kouamé 6 December 1997 (age 24) 12 0 Belgium Anderlecht * 28 FW Yohan Boli 17 September 1993 (age 28) 11 0 Qatar Al-Rayyan turz9ibiajwyxlye1v7kr0kyodsc79d 0 35503 310059 296275 2026-10-06T12:50:42Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310059 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waddanka Eritrea Kubedka''' [[File:Eritrea_corner's_08.jpg|thumb|right|300px|]] * {{Flag|Eritrea}} * [[FIFA]] * [[CAF]] * [[CECAFA]] ==Dharka Eritrea== '''AMS''' * 1 GK Kibrom Solomon 10 September 2000 (age 21) 9 0 Eritrea Denden * 13 GK Abdulahi Abdurahman 1 January 1986 (age 36) 3 0 Eritrea Red Sea * 2 DF Eyob Girmay 12 November 1996 (age 25) 8 0 Eritrea Denden * 3 DF Filmon Tumzghi 24 March 1993 (age 28) 8 0 Eritrea Denden * 4 DF Robel Teklemichael (C) 24 July 2000 (age 21) 8 0 Ethiopia Ethiopian Coffee * 5 DF Herman Fessehaye 10 November 2000 (age 21) 2 0 Eritrea Red Sea * 17 DF Ablelom Teklezgi 1 September 1996 (age 25) 8 0 Eritrea Red Sea * 6 MF Abel Okray 20 November 1996 (age 25) 2 0 Eritrea Denden * 7 MF Yonas Solomon 21 June 1994 (age 27) 7 0 Sudan Al Khartoum * 8 MF Samiyuma Alexander 16 May 1991 (age 30) 3 0 Free agent * 11 MF Senai Hagos 2 December 1992 (age 29) 0 0 Norway Åsane * 14 MF Christoffer Forsell 19 February 1994 (age 27) 0 0 Free agent * 23 MF Sammy Simon 17 May 1998 (age 23) 1 0 Free agent * 16 MF Mohammed Saeid 24 December 1990 (age 31) 1 0 Sweden IK Sirius * 18 MF Robel Asfaha 31 January 1987 (age 35) 0 0 Sweden Sundbybergs IK * 19 MF Alexander Andue 5 June 1998 (age 23) 0 0 Sweden IFK Stocksund * 9 FW Henok Goitom 22 September 1984 (age 37) 4 1 Sweden AIK * 10 FW Ali Sulieman 1 January 2000 (age 22) 8 3 Ethiopia Bahir Dar Kenema * 12 FW Ezana Kahsay 16 November 1994 (age 27) 1 0 Poland Chełmianka Chełm * 15 FW Ermias Tekie Simon 29 September 1986 (age 35) 0 0 Sweden Hallonbergens IF jznsom9nfcgpdcjewpkjnbkjt3r1xsv 0 36005 310065 289849 2026-10-06T13:09:08Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310065 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dalalka Kommonwels - Asia''' https://www.commonwealthofnations.org/country/asia/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.commonwealthofnations.org/country/asia/ |date=20250507134303 }} [[File:Member_states_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:KLIA_MTB&Tower.jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|Malaysia}}]] [[File:Singapore_Parliament_House_and_Supreme_Court_20220222_182616.jpg |right|thumb|300px|{{Flag|Singapore}}]][[File:Kuala_Lumpur_skyline_at_night_(2019).jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|Malaysia}}]] * {{Flag|Malaysia}} * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} * {{Flag|India}} * {{Flag|Maldives}} * {{Flag|Pakistan}} ==lacagta kommonwlet== * sinapore dollar * indian rupee * malayasia rigget * pakistan rupee ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Dalalka Kommonwels - Maraykanka]] nlcaq920olkg3pp128z8ub0mk5iy2a2 310066 310065 2026-10-06T13:09:37Z ~2026-53580-23 47728 310066 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dalalka Kommonwels - Asia''' https://www.commonwealthofnations.org/country/asia/ {{Wayback|url=https://www.commonwealthofnations.org/country/asia/ |date=20250507134303 }} [[File:Member_states_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:KLIA_MTB&Tower.jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|Malaysia}}]] [[File:Singapore_Parliament_House_and_Supreme_Court_20220222_182616.jpg |right|thumb|300px|{{Flag|Singapore}}]][[File:Kuala_Lumpur_skyline_at_night_(2019).jpg|thumb|right|400px|{{Flag|Malaysia}}]] * {{Flag|Malaysia}} * {{Flag|Singapore}} * {{Flag|Bangladesh}} * {{Flag|India}} * {{Flag|Maldives}} * {{Flag|Pakistan}} ==lacagta kommonwlet== * sinapore dollar * indian rupee * malayasia rigget * pakistan rupee ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Dalalka Kommonwels - Maraykanka]] 0shlofbz2m68msdi9ao940sw31yw3io 828 42237 310105 281394 2026-10-07T11:55:48Z Isma4l 41797 310105 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local yesno = require('Module:Yesno') local getArgs = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs local data = mw.loadData ('Module:Time/data' .. (mw.getCurrentFrame():getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or '')); -- load the data module local cfg = data.cfg; -- for internationalization local tz = {}; -- holds local copy of the specified timezone table from tz_data{} --[[--------------------------< I S _ S E T >------------------------------------------------------------------ Whether variable is set or not. A variable is set when it is not nil and not empty. ]] local function is_set( var ) return not (nil == var or '' == var); end --[[--------------------------< S U B S T I T U T E >---------------------------------------------------------- Populates numbered arguments in a message string using an argument table. ]] local function substitute (msg, args_t) return args_t and mw.message.newRawMessage (msg, args_t):plain() or msg; end --[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ M S G >------------------------------------------------------------ create an error message <args_t> is a sequence where [1] is template name and [2] is substituted error message ]] local function error_msg (args_t) return substitute (cfg.err_msg, args_t); end --[[--------------------------< D E C O D E _ D S T _ E V E N T >---------------------------------------------- extract ordinal, day-name, and month from daylight saving start/end definition string as digits: Second Sunday in March returns 2 0 3 Casing doesn't matter but the form of the string does: <ordinal> <day> <any single word> <month> – all are separated by spaces ]] local function decode_dst_event (dst_event_string) local ord, day, month; dst_event_string = dst_event_string:lower(); -- force the string to lower case because that is how the tables above are indexed ord, day, month = dst_event_string:match ('([%a%d]+)%s+(%a+)%s+%a+%s+(%a+)'); if not (is_set (ord) and is_set (day) and is_set (month)) then -- if one or more of these not set, then pattern didn't match return nil; end return cfg.ordinals[ord], cfg.days[day], cfg.months[month]; end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ D A Y S _ I N _ M O N T H >-------------------------------------------- Returns the number of days in the month where month is a number 1–12 and year is four-digit Gregorian calendar. Accounts for leap year. ]] local function get_days_in_month (year, month) local days_in_month = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31}; year = tonumber (year); -- force these to be numbers just in case month = tonumber (month); if (2 == month) then -- if February if (0 == (year%4) and (0 ~= (year%100) or 0 == (year%400))) then -- is year a leap year? return 29; -- if leap year then 29 days in February end end return days_in_month [month]; end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ D S T _ M O N T H _ D A Y >-------------------------------------------- Return the date (month and day of the month) for the day that is the ordinal (nth) day-name in month (second Friday in June) of the current year timestamp is today's date-time number from os.time(); used to supply year timezone is the timezone parameter value from the template call Equations used in this function taken from Template:Weekday_in_month ]] local function get_dst_month_day (timestamp, start) local ord, weekday_num, month; local first_day_of_dst_month_num; local last_day_of_dst_month_num; local days_in_month; local year; if true == start then ord, weekday_num, month = decode_dst_event (tz.dst_begins); -- get start string and convert to digits else ord, weekday_num, month = decode_dst_event (tz.dst_ends); -- get end string and convert to digits end if not (is_set (ord) and is_set (weekday_num) and is_set (month)) then return nil; -- could not decode event string end year = os.date ('%Y', timestamp); if -1 == ord then -- j = t + 7×(n + 1) - (wt - w) mod 7 -- if event occurs on the last day-name of the month ('last Sunday of October') days_in_month = get_days_in_month (year, month); last_day_of_dst_month_num = os.date ('%w', os.time ({['year']=year, ['month']=month, ['day']=days_in_month})); return month, days_in_month + 7*(ord + 1) - ((last_day_of_dst_month_num - weekday_num) % 7); else -- j = 7×n - 6 + (w - w1) mod 7 first_day_of_dst_month_num = os.date ('%w', os.time ({['year']=year, ['month']=month, ['day']=1})) return month, 7 * ord - 6 + (weekday_num - first_day_of_dst_month_num) % 7; -- return month and calculated date end end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ U T C _ O F F S E T >-------------------------------------------------- Get utc offset in hours and minutes, convert to seconds. If the offset can't be converted return nil. TODO: return error message? TODO: limit check this? +/-n hours? ]] local function get_utc_offset () local sign; local hours; local minutes; sign, hours, minutes = mw.ustring.match (tz.utc_offset, '([%+%-±−]?)(%d%d):(%d%d)'); if '-' == sign then sign = -1; else sign = 1; end if is_set (hours) and is_set (minutes) then return sign * ((hours * 3600) + (minutes * 60)); else return nil; -- we require that all timezone tables have what appears to be a valid offset end end --[[--------------------------< M A K E _ D S T _ T I M E S T A M P S >---------------------------------------- Return UTC timestamps for the date/time of daylight saving time events (beginning and ending). These timestamps will be compared to current UTC time. A dst timestamp is the date/time in seconds UTC for the timezone at the hour of the dst event. For dst rules that specify local event times, the timestamp is the sum of: timestamp = current year + dst_month + dst_day + dst_time (all in seconds) local time Adjust local time to UTC by subtracting utc_offset: timestamp = timestamp - utc_offset (in seconds) For dst_end timestamp, subtract an hour for DST timestamp = timestamp - 3600 (in seconds) For dst rules that specify utc event time the process is the same except that utc offset is not subtracted. ]] local function make_dst_timestamps (timestamp) local dst_begin, dst_end; -- dst begin and end time stamps local year; -- current year local dst_b_month, dst_e_month, dst_day; -- month and date of dst event local dst_hour, dst_minute; -- hour and minute of dst event on year-dst_month-dst_day local invert = false; -- flag to pass on when dst_begin month is numerically larger than dst_end month (southern hemisphere) local utc_offset; local utc_flag; year = os.date ('%Y', timestamp); -- current year utc_offset = get_utc_offset (); -- in seconds if not is_set (utc_offset) then -- utc offset is a required timezone property return nil; end dst_b_month, dst_day = get_dst_month_day (timestamp, true); -- month and day that dst begins if not is_set (dst_b_month) then return nil; end dst_hour, dst_minute = tz.dst_time:match ('(%d%d):(%d%d)'); -- get dst time utc_flag = tz.dst_time:find ('[Uu][Tt][Cc]%s*$'); -- set flag when dst events occur at a specified utc time dst_begin = os.time ({['year'] = year, ['month'] = dst_b_month, ['day'] = dst_day, ['hour'] = dst_hour, ['min'] = dst_minute}); -- form start timestamp if not is_set (utc_flag) then -- if dst events are specified to occur at local time dst_begin = dst_begin - utc_offset; -- adjust local time to utc by subtracting utc offset end dst_e_month, dst_day = get_dst_month_day (timestamp, false); -- month and day that dst ends if not is_set (dst_e_month) then return nil; end if is_set (tz.dst_e_time) then dst_hour, dst_minute = tz.dst_e_time:match ('(%d%d):(%d%d)'); -- get ending dst time; this one for those locales that use different start and end times utc_flag = tz.dst_e_time:find ('[Uu][Tt][Cc]%s*$'); -- set flag if dst is pegged to utc time end dst_end = os.time ({['year'] = year, ['month'] = dst_e_month, ['day'] = dst_day, ['hour'] = dst_hour, ['min'] = dst_minute}); -- form end timestamp if not is_set (utc_flag) then -- if dst events are specified to occur at local time dst_end = dst_end - 3600; -- assume that local end time is DST so adjust to local ST dst_end = dst_end - utc_offset; -- adjust local time to utc by subtracting utc offset end if dst_b_month > dst_e_month then invert = true; -- true for southern hemisphere eg: start September YYYY end April YYYY+1 end return dst_begin, dst_end, invert; end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ T E S T _ T I M E >---------------------------------------------------- decode ISO formatted date/time into a table suitable for os.time(). Fallback to {{Timestamp}} format. For testing, this time is UTC just as is returned by the os.time() function. ]] local function get_test_time (iso_date) local year, month, day, hour, minute, second; year, month, day, hour, minute, second = iso_date:match ('(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)T(%d%d):(%d%d):(%d%d)'); if not year then year, month, day, hour, minute, second = iso_date:match ('^(%d%d%d%d)(%d%d)(%d%d)(%d%d)(%d%d)(%d%d)$'); if not year then return nil; -- test time did not match the specified patterns end end return {['year'] = year, ['month'] = month, ['day'] = day, ['hour'] = hour, ['min'] = minute, ['sec'] = second}; end --[[----------------------< G E T _ F U L L _ U T C _ O F F S E T >----------------------------------------------- Creates a standard UTC offset from numerical inputs, for function time to convert to a table. Expected inputs shall have the form: <sign><hour><separator><portion> where: <sign> – optional; one of the characters: '+', '-' (hyphen), '±', '−' (minus); defaults to '+' <hour> - one or two digits <separator> - one of the characters '.' or ':'; required when <portion> is included; ignored else <portion> - optional; one or two digits when <separator> is '.'; two digits else returns correct utc offset string when input has a correct form; else returns the unmodified input ]] local function get_full_utc_offset (utc_offset) local h, m, sep, sign; local patterns = { '^([%+%-±−]?)(%d%d?)(%.)(%d%d?)$', -- one or two fractional hour digits '^([%+%-±−]?)(%d%d?)(:)(%d%d)$', -- two minute digits '^([%+%-±−]?)(%d%d?)[%.:]?$', -- hours only; ignore trailing separator } for _, pattern in ipairs(patterns) do -- loop through the patterns sign, h, sep, m = mw.ustring.match (utc_offset, pattern); if h then break; -- if h is set then pattern matched end end if not h then return utc_offset; -- did not match a pattern end sign = ('' == sign) and '+' or sign; -- sign character is required; set to '+' if not specified m = ('.' == sep) and ((sep .. m) * 60) or m or 0; -- fractional h to m return string.format ('utc%s%02d:%02d', sign, h, m); end --[[--------------------------< T A B L E _ L E N >------------------------------------------------------------ return number of elements in table ]] local function table_len (tbl) local count = 0; for _ in pairs (tbl) do count = count + 1; end return count; end --[[--------------------------< F I R S T _ S E T >------------------------------------------------------------ scans through a list of parameter names that are aliases of each other and returns the value assigned to the first args[alias] that has a set value; nil else. scan direction is right-to-left (top-to-bottom) ]] local function first_set (list, args) local i = 1; local count = table_len (list); -- get count of items in list while i <= count do -- loop through all items in list if is_set( args[list[i]] ) then -- if parameter name in list is set in args return args[list[i]]; -- return the value assigned to the args parameter end i = i + 1; -- point to next end end --[=[-------------------------< T I M E >---------------------------------------------------------------------- This template takes several parameters (some positonal, some not); none are required: 1. the time zone abbreviation/UTC offset (positional, always the first unnamed parameter) 2. a date format flag; second positional parameter or |df=; can have one of several values 3. |dst= when set to 'no' disables dst calculations for locations that do not observe dst – Arizona in MST 4. |timeonly= when set to 'yes' only display the time 5. |dateonly= when set to 'yes' only display the date 6. |hide-refresh = when set to 'yes' removes the refresh link 7. |hide-tz = when set to 'yes' removes the timezone name 8. |unlink-tz = when set to 'yes' unlinks the timzone name 9. |_TEST_TIME_= a specific utc time in ISO date time format used for testing this code TODO: convert _TEST_TIME_ to |time=? Timezone abbreviations can be found here: [[List_of_time_zone_abbreviations]] For custom date format parameters |df-cust=, |df-cust-a=, |df-cust-p= use codes described here: [[:mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##time]] ]=] local function time (frame) local args = getArgs (frame); local utc_timestamp, timestamp; -- current or _TEST_TIME_ timestamps; timestamp is local ST or DST time used in output local dst_begin_ts, dst_end_ts; -- DST begin and end timestamps in UTC local tz_abbr; -- select ST or DST timezone abbreviaion used in output local time_string; -- holds output time/date in |df= format local utc_offset; local invert; -- true when southern hemisphere local DF; -- date format flag; the |df= parameter local is_dst_tz; local tz_aliases = data.tz_aliases; -- get the aliases table local tz_data = data.tz_data; -- get the tz data table local Timeonly = yesno(first_set (cfg.aliases['timeonly'], args)); -- boolean local Dateonly = yesno(first_set (cfg.aliases['dateonly'], args)); -- boolean if Timeonly and Dateonly then -- invalid condition when both are set Timeonly, Dateonly = false; end local Hide_refresh = yesno(first_set (cfg.aliases['hide-refresh'], args)); -- boolean local Hide_tz = yesno(first_set (cfg.aliases['hide-tz'], args)); -- boolean local Unlink_tz = yesno(first_set (cfg.aliases['unlink-tz'], args)); -- boolean local DST = first_set (cfg.aliases['dst'], args) or true; -- string 'always' or boolean local Lang = first_set (cfg.aliases['lang'], args); -- to render in a language other than the local wiki's language local DF_cust = first_set (cfg.aliases['df-cust'], args); -- custom date/time formats local DF_cust_a = first_set (cfg.aliases['df-cust-a'], args); -- for am/pm sensitive formats local DF_cust_p = first_set (cfg.aliases['df-cust-p'], args); if not ((DF_cust_a and DF_cust_p) or -- DF_cust_a xor DF_cust_p (not DF_cust_a and not DF_cust_p))then return error_msg ({'Time', cfg.err_text['bad_df_pair']}); -- both are required end if args[1] then args[1] = get_full_utc_offset (args[1]):lower(); -- make lower case because tz table member indexes are lower case else args[1] = 'utc'; -- default to utc end if mw.ustring.match (args[1], 'utc[%+%-±−]%d%d:%d%d') then -- if rendering time for a UTC offset timezone tz.abbr = args[1]:upper():gsub('%-', '−'); -- set the link label to upper case and replace hyphen with a minus character (U+2212) tz.article = tz.abbr; -- article title same as abbreviation tz.utc_offset = mw.ustring.match (args[1], 'utc([%+%-±−]?%d%d:%d%d)'):gsub('−', '%-'); -- extract the offset value; replace minus character with hyphen local s, t = mw.ustring.match (tz.utc_offset, '(±)(%d%d:%d%d)'); -- ± only valid for offset 00:00 if s and '00:00' ~= t then return error_msg ({'Time', cfg.err_text['bad_sign']}); end tz.df = 'iso'; args[1] = 'utc_offsets'; -- spoof to show that we recognize this timezone else tz = tz_aliases[args[1]] and tz_data[tz_aliases[args[1]]] or tz_data[args[1]]; -- make a local copy of the timezone table from tz_data{} if not tz then return error_msg ({'Time', substitute (cfg.err_text['unknown_tz'], args[1])}); -- if the timezone given isn't in module:time/data(/sandbox) end end DF = first_set (cfg.aliases['df'], args) or args[2] or tz.df or cfg.default_df; -- template |df= overrides typical df from tz properties DF = DF:lower(); -- normalize to lower case if not cfg.df_vals[DF] then return error_msg ({'Time', substitute (cfg.err_text['bad_format'], DF)}); end if is_set (args._TEST_TIME_) then -- typically used to test the code at a specific utc time local test_time = get_test_time (args._TEST_TIME_); if not test_time then return error_msg ({'Time', cfg.err_text['test_time']}); end utc_timestamp = os.time(test_time); else utc_timestamp = os.time (); -- get current server time (UTC) end utc_offset = get_utc_offset (); -- utc offset for specified timezone in seconds timestamp = utc_timestamp + utc_offset; -- make local time timestamp if 'always' == DST and is_set (tz.dst_abbr) then -- if needed to always display dst time timestamp = timestamp + 3600; -- add a hour for dst tz_abbr = tz.dst_abbr; -- dst abbreviation elseif not yesno(DST) and is_set (tz.dst_abbr) then -- for timezones that DO observe dst but for this location ... tz_abbr = tz.abbr; -- ... dst is not observed (|dst=no) show time as standard time else if is_set (tz.dst_begins) and is_set (tz.dst_ends) and is_set (tz.dst_time) then -- make sure we have all of the parts dst_begin_ts, dst_end_ts, invert = make_dst_timestamps (timestamp); -- get begin and end dst timestamps and invert flag if nil == dst_begin_ts or nil == dst_end_ts then return error_msg ({'Time', cfg.err_text['bad_dst']}); end if invert then -- southern hemisphere; use beginning and ending of standard time in the comparison if utc_timestamp >= dst_end_ts and utc_timestamp < dst_begin_ts then -- is current date time standard time? tz_abbr = tz.abbr; -- standard time abbreviation else timestamp = timestamp + 3600; -- add an hour tz_abbr = tz.dst_abbr; -- dst abbreviation end else -- northern hemisphere if utc_timestamp >= dst_begin_ts and utc_timestamp < dst_end_ts then -- all timestamps are UTC timestamp = timestamp + 3600; -- add an hour tz_abbr = tz.dst_abbr; else tz_abbr = tz.abbr; end end elseif is_set (tz.dst_begins) or is_set (tz.dst_ends) or is_set (tz.dst_time) then -- if some but not all not all parts then emit error message return error_msg ({'Time', substitute (cfg.err_text['bad_def'], args_t[1]:upper())}); else tz_abbr = tz.abbr; -- dst not observed for this timezone end end if Dateonly then if 'iso' == DF then -- |df=iso DF = 'iso_date'; elseif DF:find ('^dmy') or 'y' == DF then -- |df=dmy, |df=dmy12, |df=dmy24, |df=y DF = 'dmy_date'; else DF = 'mdy_date'; -- default end elseif Timeonly or DF:match ('^%d+$') then -- time only of |df= is just digits DF = table.concat ({'t', DF:match ('%l*(12)') or '24'}); -- |df=12, |df=24, |df=dmy12, |df=dmy24, |df=mdy12, |df=mdy24; default to t24 elseif 'y' == DF or 'dmy24' == DF then DF = 'dmy'; elseif 'mdy24' == DF then DF = 'mdy'; end local dformat; if is_set (DF_cust) then dformat=DF_cust; elseif is_set (DF_cust_a) then -- custom format is am/pm sensitive? if 'am' == os.date ('%P', timestamp) then -- if current time is am dformat = DF_cust_a; -- use custom am format else dformat = DF_cust_p; -- use custom pm format end else dformat = cfg.format[DF]; -- use format from tables or from |df= end time_string = frame:callParserFunction ({name='#time', args={dformat, '@'..timestamp, Lang}}); if Lang then time_string = table.concat ({ -- bidirectional isolation of non-local language; yeah, rather brute force but simple '<bdi lang="', -- start of opening bdi tag Lang, -- insert rendered language code '">', -- end of opening tag time_string, -- insert the time string '</bdi>' -- and close the tag }); end if not is_set (tz.article) then -- if some but not all not all parts then emit error message return error_msg ({'Time', substitute (cfg.err_text['bad_def'], args_t[1]:upper())}); end local refresh_link = (Hide_refresh and '') or table.concat ({ ' <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:85%;">[[', -- open span mw.title.getCurrentTitle():fullUrl({action = 'purge'}), -- add the a refresh link url ' ', cfg['refresh-label'], -- add the label ']]</span>', -- close the span }); local tz_tag = (Hide_tz and '') or ((Unlink_tz and table.concat ({' ', tz_abbr})) or -- unlinked table.concat ({' [[', tz.article, '|', tz_abbr, ']]'})); -- linked return table.concat ({time_string, tz_tag, refresh_link}); end --[[--------------------------< U T C _ O F F S E T >---------------------------------------------------------- implements {{UTC offset}} mimics templates {{Time/GMT offset}}, {{Time/EST offset}}, etc. {{#invoke:Time|utc_offset|<tz>}} – for a stand-alone invoke {{#invoke:Time|utc_offset}} – for an invoke in a template (<tz> is first positional parameter in the template call) where <tz> is a timezone abbreviation known to Module:Time/data returns a UTC offset string suitable for use with the {{#time:}} parser function: {{#time:H:i | {{#invoke:Time|utc_offset|MST}} }} {{#time:H:i | {{UTC_offset|MST}} }} ]] local function utc_offset (frame) local function apply_dst_ajdust (offset) -- local function to adjust standard time to daylight time; called when adjustment is needed local hours, minutes = offset:match ('^(%-?%d%d):(%d%d)'); -- extract signed hours and minutes from specified offset return string.format ('%s:%s', tonumber (hours) + 1, minutes); -- return optional sign hh:mm string end local args_t = getArgs (frame); -- fetch arguments; only {{{1}}}, timesone specifier is used if not args_t[1] then -- no timezone specifier return error_msg ({'UTC offset', cfg.err_text['missing_tz']}); -- abandon with error message end local timezone = args_t[1]:lower(); -- lowercase for indexing into tz data tables timezone = data.tz_aliases[timezone] or timezone; -- if <timezone> is an alias, map to its canonical value if not data.tz_data[timezone] then -- timezone specifier not known return error_msg ({'UTC offset', substitute (cfg.err_text['unknown_tz'], {timezone})}); -- abandon with error message end tz = data.tz_aliases[timezone] and data.tz_data[data.tz_aliases[timezone]] or data.tz_data[timezone]; -- fetch a copy of this timezone's data; <tz> is a page-global table used by functions called from this function local utc_timestamp = os.time (); -- get current server time (UTC) in seconds; used to determine when dst adjustment should be applied local timestamp = utc_timestamp + get_utc_offset (); -- make local time timestamp (in seconds) local utc_offset; local DST = first_set (cfg.aliases['dst'], args_t) or true; -- string 'always' or boolean if 'always' == DST then -- if needed to always display dst time utc_offset = apply_dst_ajdust (tz.utc_offset); -- return dst-adjusted timezone-offset from utc elseif not yesno (DST) then -- for timezones that DO observe dst but for this location ... utc_offset = tz.utc_offset; -- ... dst is not observed (|dst=no) show time as standard time else if is_set (tz.dst_begins) and is_set (tz.dst_ends) and is_set (tz.dst_time) then -- make sure we have all of the parts local dst_begin_ts, dst_end_ts, invert = make_dst_timestamps (timestamp); -- get begin and end dst timestamps and <invert> flag if nil == dst_begin_ts or nil == dst_end_ts then -- if either of these are nil return error_msg ({'UTC offset', cfg.err_text['bad_dst']}); -- abandon with error message end if invert then -- southern hemisphere; use beginning and ending of standard time in the comparison if utc_timestamp >= dst_end_ts and utc_timestamp < dst_begin_ts then -- is current date time standard time? utc_offset = tz.utc_offset; -- return timezone-offset from utc else utc_offset = apply_dst_ajdust (tz.utc_offset); -- return dst-adjusted timezone-offset from utc end else -- northern hemisphere if utc_timestamp >= dst_begin_ts and utc_timestamp < dst_end_ts then -- is current date time daylight time? utc_offset = apply_dst_ajdust (tz.utc_offset); -- return dst-adjusted timezone-offset from utc else utc_offset = tz.utc_offset; -- return timezone-offset from utc end end elseif is_set (tz.dst_begins) or is_set (tz.dst_ends) or is_set (tz.dst_time) then -- if some but not all not all parts then emit error message return error_msg ({'UTC offset', substitute (cfg.err_text['bad_def'], args_t[1]:upper())}); else -- timezone does not use dst utc_offset = tz.utc_offset; -- return timezone-offset from utc end end local sign, hours, minutes = utc_offset:match ('^([%-%+]?)(%d%d?):(%d%d)') if '' == sign then sign = '+'; end if 0 ~= tonumber (minutes) then return string.format ('%s%s %s %s%s minutes', sign, tonumber(hours), ('1' == hours) and 'hour' or 'hours', sign, tonumber(minutes)); else return string.format ('%s%s %s', sign, tonumber(hours), ('1' == hours) and 'hour' or 'hours'); end end --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------ ]] return { time = time, utc_offset = utc_offset, } ee8ma965y3vn1tv2yag76hcdhegz1qn 828 42238 310106 281395 2026-10-07T11:56:44Z Isma4l 41797 310106 Scribunto text/plain --[[--------------------------< C O N F I G U R A T I O N D A T A >------------------------------------------ for internationalization, this section to hold constant text, parameter names and values, other items subject to language translation ]] local cfg = { ['default_df'] = 'mdy', -- default date format when |<df> and |df= omitted or empty ['df_vals'] = { ['dmy']=true, ['dmy12']=true, -- also 'y' ['dow']=true, ['mdy']=true, ['mdy12']=true, ['iso']=true, ['y']=true, -- also 'dmy' and 'dmy12' ['12']=true, ['24']=true, }; ['err_msg'] = '<span style="font-size:100%" class="error">&#x7B;{$1}} – $2 ([[Template:$1#Error messages|help]])</span>', ['err_text'] = { ['bad_def'] = 'incomplete definition for $1', ['bad_df_pair'] = 'both of &#124;df-cust-a= and &#124;df-cust-p required', ['bad_dst'] = 'error calculating dst timestamps', ['bad_format'] = 'invalid date format $1', ['bad_sign'] = 'invalid use of ±', ['test_time'] = 'malformed or incomplete _TEST_TIME_', ['unknown_tz'] = 'unknown timezone $1', ['missing_tz'] = 'missing required timezone', }, ['format'] = { -- output formatting strings t12 = 'g:i a', -- time only t24 = 'H:i', iso_date ='Y-m-d', -- date only dmy_date = 'j F Y', mdy_date = 'F j, Y', dmy12 = 'g:i a, j F Y', -- 12hr time and date mdy12 = 'g:i a, F j, Y', dmy = 'H:i, j F Y', -- 24hr time and date mdy = 'H:i, F j, Y', iso = 'Y-m-d"T"H:i', dow = 'l' -- day of the week }, ['refresh-label'] = 'refresh', -- for dst calculations days = {['sunday'] = 0, ['monday'] = 1, ['tuesday'] = 2, ['wednesday'] = 3, ['thursday'] = 4, ['friday'] = 5, ['saturday'] = 6}, months = {['january'] = 1, ['february'] = 2, ['march'] = 3, ['april'] = 4, ['may'] = 5, ['june'] = 6, ['july'] = 7, ['august'] = 8, ['september'] = 9, ['october'] = 10, ['november'] = 11, ['december'] = 12}; ordinals = {['1st'] = 1, ['first'] = 1, ['2nd'] = 2, ['second'] = 2, ['3rd'] = 3, ['third'] = 3, ['4th'] = 4, ['fourth'] = 4, ['5th'] = 5, ['fifth'] = 5, ['last'] = -1}, -- parameter list aliases = { ['dateonly'] = {'dateonly'}, ['df'] = {'df'}, ['df-cust'] = {'df-cust'}, ['df-cust-a'] = {'df-cust-a'}, ['df-cust-p'] = {'df-cust-p'}, ['dst'] = {'dst'}, ['hide-refresh'] = {'hide-refresh'}, ['hide-tz'] = {'hide-tz'}, ['lang'] = {'lang'}, ['timeonly'] = {'timeonly'}, ['unlink-tz'] = {'unlink-tz'}, } } --[[--------------------------< A L I A S E S >---------------------------------------------------------------- ]] local tz_aliases = { ['british summer time'] = 'gmt-uk', ['irish standard time'] = 'gmt-ie', ['usz1'] = 'kalt', -- old form Kaliningrad time ['west'] = 'wet', -- dst aliases east of utc ['cest'] = 'cet', ['eest'] = 'eet', ['acdt'] = 'acst', ['aedt'] = 'aest', ['nzdt'] = 'nzst', ['at'] = 'ast', -- alternate abbreviations west of utc ['et'] = 'est', ['ct'] = 'cst', ['pt'] = 'pst', ['akt'] = 'akst', ['hast'] = 'hst', ['pmdt'] = 'pmst', -- dst aliases west of utc ['wgst'] = 'wgt', ['ndt'] = 'nst', ['adt'] = 'ast', ['edt'] = 'est', ['cdt'] = 'cst', ['mdt'] = 'mst', ['pdt'] = 'pst', ['akdt'] = 'akst', ['hdt'] = 'hst', ['hadt'] = 'hst', } --[[--------------------------< T I M E Z O N E D A T A >---------------------------------------------------- When specifying utc offset do not use the minus character (U+2212) for offsets west of 0 meridian; use the minus-hyphen ]] local tz_data = { ------------------------------< E A S T U T C + H H : M M >-------------------------------------------------- ['utc'] = { abbr = 'UTC', -- (required) abbreviation to use during standard time dst_abbr = '', -- abbreviation to use during daylight saving time utc_offset = '00:00', -- (required) hours and minutes offset from UTC for this timezone; '+' is optional; '-' (hyphen-minus) is required for timezones west of 0 meridian df = 'dmy', -- date format typically used in the time zone dst_begins = '', -- daylight saving begins; e.g. 2nd Sunday in March; also last; empty string if not observed dst_ends = '', -- (required if dst_begins is set) daylight saving ends; e.g. 1st Sunday in November; ignored if dst_begins not set dst_time = '', -- (required if dst_begins is set) local time on the day that dst begins/ends; for EU DST rules specify utc time: e.g.: '01:00 UTC' dst_e_time = '', -- local daylight saving time on the day that dst ends; only when different from dst_time; see acst for an example article = 'Coordinated Universal Time' -- (required) name of related Wikipedia article without markup }, ['gmt'] = { abbr = 'GMT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '00:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Greenwich Mean Time' }, ['gmt-uk'] = { abbr = 'GMT', dst_abbr = 'BST', -- British Summer Time utc_offset = '00:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Sunday of March', dst_ends = 'last Sunday of October', dst_time = '01:00 UTC', -- 01:00 standard time is same as 01:00 UTC article = 'Time in the United Kingdom' }, ['gmt-ie'] = { -- ist is shared with Indian Standard Time so use gmt-ie abbr = 'GMT', -- winter time dst_abbr = 'IST', -- Irish Standard Time occurs in summer utc_offset = '00:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Sunday of March', dst_ends = 'last Sunday of October', dst_time = '01:00 UTC', -- 01:00 standard time is same as 01:00 UTC article = 'Time in Ireland' }, ['wet'] = { abbr = 'WET', dst_abbr = 'WEST', utc_offset = '00:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Sunday of March', dst_ends = 'last Sunday of October', dst_time = '01:00 UTC', -- 01:00 standard time is same as 01:00 UTC article = 'Western European Time' }, ['cet'] = { abbr = 'CET', dst_abbr = 'CEST', utc_offset = '01:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Sunday of March', dst_ends = 'last Sunday of October', dst_time = '01:00 UTC', -- 02:00 standard time is same as 01:00 UTC article = 'Central European Time' }, ['eet'] = { abbr = 'EET', dst_abbr = 'EEST', utc_offset = '02:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Sunday of March', dst_ends = 'last Sunday of October', dst_time = '01:00 UTC', -- 03:00 standard time is same as 01:00 UTC article = 'Eastern European Time' }, ['ilst'] = { abbr = 'IST', dst_abbr = 'IDT', utc_offset = '02:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Friday in March', dst_ends = 'last Sunday in October', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Time in Israel' }, ['kalt'] = { abbr = 'KALT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '02:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Kaliningrad Time' }, ['sast'] = { abbr = 'SAST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '02:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', dst_e_time = '', article = 'South African Standard Time' }, ['msk'] = { abbr = 'MSK', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '03:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Moscow Time' }, ['irst'] = { abbr = 'IRST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '03:30', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Iran Standard Time' }, ['samt'] = { abbr = 'SAMT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '04:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Samara Time' }, ['kzt'] = { abbr = 'KZT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '05:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', dst_e_time = '', article = 'Time in Kazakhstan' }, ['mvt'] = { abbr = 'MVT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '05:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in Maldives' }, ['pkt'] = { abbr = 'PKT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '05:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Pakistan Standard Time' }, ['yekt'] = { abbr = 'YEKT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '05:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Yekaterinburg Time' }, ['ist'] = { abbr = 'IST', utc_offset = '05:30', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Indian Standard Time' }, ['slst'] = { abbr = 'SLST', utc_offset = '05:30', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Sri Lanka Standard Time' }, ['npt'] = { abbr = 'NPT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '05:45', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Nepal Time' }, ['bst'] = { abbr = 'BST', utc_offset = '06:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Bangladesh Standard Time' }, ['omst'] = { abbr = 'OMST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '06:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Omsk Time' }, ['mmt'] = { abbr = 'MMT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '06:30', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Myanmar Standard Time' }, ['krat'] = { abbr = 'KRAT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '07:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Krasnoyarsk Time' }, ['ict'] = { abbr = 'ICT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '07:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Indochina Time' }, ['wib'] = { -- western indonesia abbr = 'WIB', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '07:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in Indonesia' }, ['awst'] = { abbr = 'AWST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in Australia' }, ['bt'] = { -- same as China standard time (CST) abbr = 'BT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in China' }, ['irkt'] = { abbr = 'IRKT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Irkutsk Time' }, ['myt'] = { abbr = 'MYT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in Malaysia' }, ['pht'] = { abbr = 'PHT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'mdy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Philippine Standard Time', }, ['sst'] = { abbr = 'SST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Singapore Standard Time', }, ['wita'] = { -- central abbr = 'WITA', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in Indonesia' }, ['jst'] = { abbr = 'JST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '09:00', df = 'iso', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Japan Standard Time' }, ['kpt'] = { abbr = 'PYT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '09:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in North Korea' }, ['kst'] = { abbr = 'KST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '09:00', df = 'iso', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', dst_e_time = '', article = 'Time in South Korea' }, ['wit'] = { -- eastern Indonesia (same as old template's eit) abbr = 'WIT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '09:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Time in Indonesia' }, ['yakt'] = { abbr = 'YAKT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '09:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Yakutsk Time' }, ['acst'] = { -- Northern Territory, South Australia time abbr = 'ACST', dst_abbr = 'ACDT', utc_offset = '09:30', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'first Sunday in October', dst_ends = 'first Sunday in April', dst_time = '02:00', dst_e_time = '03:00', article = 'Time in Australia' }, ['aest'] = { -- QLD, NSW, TAS, VIC, ACT abbr = 'AEST', dst_abbr = 'AEDT', utc_offset = '10:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'first Sunday in October', dst_ends = 'first Sunday in April', dst_time = '02:00', -- begins at 02:00 AEST dst_e_time = '03:00', -- ends at 02:00 AEST which is 03:00 AEDT article = 'Time in Australia' }, ['chst'] = { abbr = 'ChST', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '10:00', df = 'mdy', -- because a US territory? dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Chamorro Time Zone' }, ['vlat'] = { abbr = 'VLAT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '10:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Vladivostok Time' }, ['magt'] = { abbr = 'MAGT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '11:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Magadan Time' }, ['sret'] = { abbr = 'SRET', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '11:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Srednekolymsk Time' }, ['nzst'] = { abbr = 'NZST', dst_abbr = 'NZDT', utc_offset = '12:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Sunday in September', dst_ends = 'first Sunday in April', dst_time = '02:00', -- begins at 02:00 NZST dst_e_time = '03:00', -- ends at 02:00 NZST which is 03:00 NZDT article = 'Time in New Zealand' }, ['pett'] = { abbr = 'PETT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '12:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Kamchatka Time' }, ['idle'] = { -- international dateline east abbr = 'IDLE', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '12:00', df = 'iso', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'UTC+12:00' }, ------------------------------< W E S T U T C - H H : M M >-------------------------------------------------- ['wgt'] = { -- western greenland time? Not for Thule Airbase which observes US DST rules; requires own properties abbr = 'WGT', dst_abbr = 'WGST', -- ??? what is the correct abbreviation? utc_offset = '-02:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = 'last Sunday in March', dst_ends = 'last Sunday in October', dst_time = '01:00 UTC', article = 'Time in Denmark' }, ['gft'] = { abbr = 'GFT', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '-03:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'French Guiana Time' }, ['pmst'] = { abbr = 'PMST', dst_abbr = 'PMDT', utc_offset = '-03:00', df = 'dmy', -- because France dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', -- North American rules dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'UTC−03:00' }, ['nst'] = { abbr = 'NST', dst_abbr = 'NDT', utc_offset = '-03:30', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Newfoundland Standard Time' }, ['ast'] = { abbr = 'AST', dst_abbr = 'ADT', utc_offset = '-04:00', df = 'dmy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Atlantic Time Zone' }, ['est'] = { abbr = 'EST', dst_abbr = 'EDT', utc_offset = '-05:00', df = 'mdy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Eastern Time Zone' }, ['cst'] = { abbr = 'CST', dst_abbr = 'CDT', utc_offset = '-06:00', df = 'mdy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Central Time Zone' }, ['mst'] = { abbr = 'MST', dst_abbr = 'MDT', utc_offset = '-07:00', df = 'mdy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Mountain Time Zone' }, ['pst'] = { abbr = 'PST', dst_abbr = 'PDT', utc_offset = '-08:00', df = 'mdy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Pacific Time Zone' }, ['akst'] = { abbr = 'AKST', dst_abbr = 'AKDT', utc_offset = '-09:00', df = 'mdy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Alaska Time Zone' }, ['hst'] = { -- same as AleutST and HAST abbr = 'HST', dst_abbr = 'HDT', utc_offset = '-10:00', df = 'mdy', dst_begins = '2nd Sunday in March', dst_ends = '1st Sunday in November', dst_time = '02:00', article = 'Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone' }, ['idlw'] = { -- international dateline west abbr = 'IDLW', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '-12:00', df = 'iso', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'UTC−12:00' }, ['aoe'] = { -- last location for any date abbr = 'AoE', dst_abbr = '', utc_offset = '-12:00', df = 'iso', dst_begins = '', dst_ends = '', dst_time = '', article = 'Anywhere on Earth' }, ------------------------------< M I L I T A R Y >-------------------------------------------------------------- -- {{cite web |url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/timezone.htm |title=Military and Civilian Time Designations |accessdate=2016-03-25 |website=Greenwich Mean Time}} --http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/nao/miscellanea/WMTZ/Wmtz160224.pdf ['a'] = {abbr = 'A', utc_offset = '01:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['b'] = {abbr = 'B', utc_offset = '02:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['c'] = {abbr = 'C', utc_offset = '03:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['c*'] = {abbr = 'C*', utc_offset = '03:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['d'] = {abbr = 'D', utc_offset = '04:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['d*'] = {abbr = 'D*', utc_offset = '04:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['e'] = {abbr = 'E', utc_offset = '05:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['e*'] = {abbr = 'E*', utc_offset = '05:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['e+'] = {abbr = 'E†', utc_offset = '05:45', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['f'] = {abbr = 'F', utc_offset = '06:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['f*'] = {abbr = 'F*', utc_offset = '06:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['g'] = {abbr = 'G', utc_offset = '07:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['h'] = {abbr = 'H', utc_offset = '08:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['h*'] = {abbr = 'H*', utc_offset = '08:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['i'] = {abbr = 'I', utc_offset = '09:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['i*'] = {abbr = 'I*', utc_offset = '09:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['k'] = {abbr = 'K', utc_offset = '10:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['k*'] = {abbr = 'K*', utc_offset = '10:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['l'] = {abbr = 'L', utc_offset = '11:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['l*'] = {abbr = 'L*', utc_offset = '11:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['m'] = {abbr = 'M', utc_offset = '12:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['m++'] = {abbr = 'M‡', utc_offset = '12:45', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['m*'] = {abbr = 'M*', utc_offset = '13:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['m+'] = {abbr = 'M†', utc_offset = '14:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['n'] = {abbr = 'N', utc_offset = '-01:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['o'] = {abbr = 'O', utc_offset = '-02:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['p'] = {abbr = 'P', utc_offset = '-03:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['p*'] = {abbr = 'P*', utc_offset = '-03:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['q'] = {abbr = 'Q', utc_offset = '-04:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['q*'] = {abbr = 'Q*', utc_offset = '-04:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['r'] = {abbr = 'R', utc_offset = '-05:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['s'] = {abbr = 'S', utc_offset = '-06:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['t'] = {abbr = 'T', utc_offset = '-07:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['u'] = {abbr = 'U', utc_offset = '-08:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['u*'] = {abbr = 'U*', utc_offset = '-08:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['v'] = {abbr = 'V', utc_offset = '-09:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['v*'] = {abbr = 'V*', utc_offset = '-09:30', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['w'] = {abbr = 'W', utc_offset = '-10:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['x'] = {abbr = 'X', utc_offset = '-11:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['y'] = {abbr = 'Y', utc_offset = '-12:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ['z'] = {abbr = 'Z', utc_offset = '±00:00', df = 'iso', article = 'List of military time zones'}, ------------------------------< U T C O F F S E T S >-------------------------------------------------------- -- this table entry filled by the code in time() ['utc_offsets'] = {abbr = '', utc_offset = '', df = 'iso', article = ''}, }; -- end of tz_data table --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D T A B L E S >------------------------------------------------ ]] return { cfg = cfg, tz_aliases = tz_aliases, tz_data = tz_data, } j3ohfmqok3mc743i55uxddywb2ivu1w 1 43050 310073 285156 2026-10-07T09:55:22Z ~2026-54123-38 47739 /* rer mahad */ qayb cusub 310073 wikitext text/x-wiki == rer mahad == beesha ugu awooda badneed ee abid somalia [[Special:Contributions/~2026-54123-38|~2026-54123-38]] ([[User talk:~2026-54123-38|wadahadal]]) 09:55, 7 Oktoobar 2026 (UTC) 98rphsgrm0t893wpko2netwt3c6s1xo 310076 310073 2026-10-07T11:05:38Z Isma4l 41797 Wuxuu dib u noqay badalkii uu sameeyay [[Special:Contributions/~2026-54123-38|~2026-54123-38]] ([[User talk:~2026-54123-38|wadahadal]]) kuna celiyay badalkii ka danbeeyay oo sameeyay [[User:Buldhe|Buldhe]] 285156 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 828 44545 310082 289638 2026-10-07T11:35:49Z Isma4l 41797 310082 Scribunto text/plain -- Returns a list of country adjectives based on the list at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_adjectival_and_demonymic_forms_for_countries_and_nations. local adjFromCountryList = { ["Abkhazia"] = "Abkhazian", ["Afghanistan"] = "Afghan", ["Albania"] = "Albanian", ["Algeria"] = "Algerian", ["American Samoa"] = "American Samoan", ["Andorra"] = "Andorran", ["Angola"] = "Angolan", ["Anguilla"] = "Anguillan", ["Antigua and Barbuda"] = "Antigua and Barbuda", ["Argentina"] = "Argentine", ["Armenia"] = "Armenian", ["Aruba"] = "Aruban", ["Australia"] = "Australian", ["Austria"] = "Austrian", ["Azerbaijan"] = "Azerbaijani", ["Bahamas"] = "Bahamian", ["Bahrain"] = "Bahraini", ["Bangladesh"] = "Bangladeshi", ["Barbados"] = "Barbadian", ["Belarus"] = "Belarusian", ["Belgium"] = "Belgian", ["Belize"] = "Belizean", ["Benin"] = "Beninese", ["Bermuda"] = "Bermudian", ["Bhutan"] = "Bhutanese", ["Bolivia"] = "Bolivian", ["Bonaire"] = "Bonaire", ["Bosnia and Herzegovina"] = "Bosnia and Herzegovina", ["Botswana"] = "Botswanan", ["Brazil"] = "Brazilian", ["British Indian Ocean Territory"] = "British Indian Ocean Territory", ["Brunei"] = "Bruneian", ["Bulgaria"] = "Bulgarian", ["Burkina Faso"] = "Burkinabe", ["Myanmar"] = "Burmese", ["Burundi"] = "Burundian", ["Cape Verde"] = "Cape Verdean", ["Cambodia"] = "Cambodian", ["Cameroon"] = "Cameroonian", ["Canada"] = "Canadian", ["Cayman Islands"] = "Caymanian", ["Central African Republic"] = "Central African", ["Chad"] = "Chadian", ["Chile"] = "Chilean", ["China"] = "Chinese", ["Colombia"] = "Colombian", ["Comoros"] = "Comorian", ["Democratic Republic of the Congo"] = "Congolese", ["Republic of the Congo"] = "Congolese", ["Cook Islands"] = "Cook Island", ["Costa Rica"] = "Costa Rican", ["Croatia"] = "Croatian", ["Cuba"] = "Cuban", ["Curaçao"] = "Curaçaoan", ["Cyprus"] = "Cypriot", ["Czech Republic"] = "Czech", ["Czechoslovakia"] = "Czechoslovak", ["Denmark"] = "Danish", ["Djibouti"] = "Djiboutian", ["Dominica"] = "Dominica", ["Dominican Republic"] = "Dominican Republic", ["East Timor"] = "East Timorese", ["Ecuador"] = "Ecuadorian", ["Egypt"] = "Egyptian", ["El Salvador"] = "Salvadoran", ["Equatorial Guinea"] = "Equatoguinean", ["Eritrea"] = "Eritrean", ["Estonia"] = "Estonian", ["Eswatini"] = "Swazi", ["Ethiopia"] = "Ethiopian", ["Falkland Islands"] = "Falkland Islands", ["Faroe Islands"] = "Faroese", ["Fiji"] = "Fijian", ["Finland"] = "Finnish", ["France"] = "French", ["French Guiana"] = "French Guianan", ["French Polynesia"] = "French Polynesian", ["Gabon"] = "Gabonese", ["Gambia"] = "Gambian", ["Georgia"] = "Georgian", ["Germany"] = "German", ["Ghana"] = "Ghanaian", ["Greece"] = "Greek", ["Greenland"] = "Greenlandic", ["Grenada"] = "Grenadian", ["Guadeloupe"] = "Guadeloupean", ["Guam"] = "Guamanian", ["Guatemala"] = "Guatemalan", ["Guernsey"] = "Guernsey", ["Guinea"] = "Guinean", ["Guinea-Bissau"] = "Bissau-Guinean", ["Guyana"] = "Guyanese", ["Haiti"] = "Haitian", ["Honduras"] = "Honduran", ["Hong Kong"] = "Hong Kong", ["Hungary"] = "Hungarian", ["Iceland"] = "Icelandic", ["India"] = "Indian", ["Indonesia"] = "Indonesian", ["Iran"] = "Iranian", ["Iraq"] = "Iraqi", ["Ireland"] = "Irish", ["Isle of Man"] = "Manx", ["Israel"] = "Israeli", ["Italy"] = "Italian", ["Ivory Coast"] = "Ivorian", ["Jamaica"] = "Jamaican", ["Jan Mayen"] = "Jan Mayen", ["Japan"] = "Japanese", ["Jersey"] = "Jersey", ["Jordan"] = "Jordanian", ["Kazakhstan"] = "Kazakhstani", ["Kenya"] = "Kenyan", ["Kiribati"] = "I-Kiribati", ["North Korea"] = "North Korean", ["South Korea"] = "South Korean", ["Kosovo"] = "Kosovan", ["Kuwait"] = "Kuwaiti", ["Kyrgyzstan"] = "Kyrgyzstani", ["Laos"] = "Laotian", ["Latvia"] = "Latvian", ["Lebanon"] = "Lebanese", ["Lesotho"] = "Basotho", ["Liberia"] = "Liberian", ["Libya"] = "Libyan", ["Liechtenstein"] = "Liechtensteiner", ["Lithuania"] = "Lithuanian", ["Luxembourg"] = "Luxembourgish", ["Macau"] = "Macanese", ["Republic of Macedonia"] = "Macedonian", ["Madagascar"] = "Malagasy", ["Malawi"] = "Malawian", ["Malaysia"] = "Malaysian", ["Maldives"] = "Maldivian", ["Mali"] = "Malian", ["Malta"] = "Maltese", ["Marshall Islands"] = "Marshallese", ["Martinique"] = "Martiniquais", ["Mauritania"] = "Mauritanian", ["Mauritius"] = "Mauritian", ["Mexico"] = "Mexican", ["Federated States of Micronesia"] = "Micronesian", ["Moldova"] = "Moldovan", ["Mongolia"] = "Mongolian", ["Montenegro"] = "Montenegrin", ["Montserrat"] = "Montserratian", ["Morocco"] = "Moroccan", ["Mozambique"] = "Mozambican", ["Namibia"] = "Namibian", ["Nauru"] = "Nauruan", ["Nepal"] = "Nepalese", ["Netherlands"] = "Dutch", ["New Caledonia"] = "New Caledonian", ["New Zealand"] = "New Zealand", ["Nicaragua"] = "Nicaraguan", ["Niger"] = "Nigerien", ["Nigeria"] = "Nigerian", ["Niue"] = "Niuean", ["Northern Mariana Islands"] = "Northern Mariana Islands", ["Norway"] = "Norwegian", ["Oman"] = "Omani", ["Pakistan"] = "Pakistani", ["Palau"] = "Palauan", ["State of Palestine"] = "Palestinian", ["Panama"] = "Panamanian", ["Papua New Guinea"] = "Papua New Guinean", ["Paraguay"] = "Paraguayan", ["Peru"] = "Peruvian", ["Philippines"] = "Philippine", ["Pitcairn Islands"] = "Pitcairn Islands", ["Poland"] = "Polish", ["Portugal"] = "Portuguese", ["Puerto Rico"] = "Puerto Rican", ["Qatar"] = "Qatari", ["Romania"] = "Romanian", ["Russia"] = "Russian", ["Rwanda"] = "Rwandan", ["Saba"] = "Saba", ["Saint Kitts and Nevis"] = "Saint Kitts and Nevis", ["Saint Lucia"] = "Saint Lucian", ["Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"] = "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", ["Samoa"] = "Samoan", ["San Marino"] = "Sammarinese", ["São Tomé and Príncipe"] = "São Tomé and Príncipe", ["Saudi Arabia"] = "Saudi Arabian", ["Senegal"] = "Senegalese", ["Serbia"] = "Serbian", ["Seychelles"] = "Seychellois", ["Sierra Leone"] = "Sierra Leonean", ["Singapore"] = "Singaporean", ["Slovakia"] = "Slovak", ["Slovenia"] = "Slovenian", ["Solomon Islands"] = "Solomon Islands", ["Somalia"] = "Somali", ["Somaliland"] = "Somalilander", ["South Africa"] = "South African", ["South Sudan"] = "South Sudanese", ["Spain"] = "Spanish", ["Sri Lanka"] = "Sri Lankan", ["Sudan"] = "Sudanese", ["Suriname"] = "Surinamese", ["Sweden"] = "Swedish", ["Switzerland"] = "Swiss", ["Syria"] = "Syrian", ["Taiwan"] = "Taiwanese", ["Tajikistan"] = "Tajikistani", ["Tanzania"] = "Tanzanian", ["Thailand"] = "Thai", ["Togo"] = "Togolese", ["Tokelau"] = "Tokelauan", ["Tonga"] = "Tongan", ["Trinidad and Tobago"] = "Trinidad and Tobago", ["Tunisia"] = "Tunisian", ["Turkey"] = "Turkish", ["Turkmenistan"] = "Turkmen", ["Turks and Caicos Islands"] = "Turks and Caicos Islands", ["Tuvalu"] = "Tuvaluan", ["Uganda"] = "Ugandan", ["Ukraine"] = "Ukrainian", ["United Arab Emirates"] = "Emirati", ["United Kingdom"] = "British", ["United States"] = "American", ["Uruguay"] = "Uruguayan", ["Uzbekistan"] = "Uzbekistani", ["Vanuatu"] = "Vanuatuan", ["Venezuela"] = "Venezuelan", ["Vietnam"] = "Vietnamese", ["British Virgin Islands"] = "British Virgin Islands", ["United States Virgin Islands"] = "United States Virgin Islands", ["Wallis and Futuna"] = "Wallis and Futuna", ["Yemen"] = "Yemeni", ["Zambia"] = "Zambian", ["Zimbabwe"] = "Zimbabwean", } local countryFromAdj = {} for k, v in pairs(adjFromCountryList) do countryFromAdj[v] = k end return { getAdjFromCountry = adjFromCountryList, getCountryFromAdj = countryFromAdj } ktem38zx006djxd0dq6ttmjmbvuv4j1 0 46742 310067 304320 2026-10-06T17:23:24Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20261006sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 310067 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = Captain | name = | image = George Weymouth skirting the coast of Maine pp341 of History of the Pilgrims and Puritans, their ancestry and descendants; basis of Americanization (1922).jpg | alt = Badmareeyaan Ingiriis ah oo qarnigii 17-aad | caption = Weymouth iyo shaqaalihiisa oo maraya xeebta Maine | birth_date = {{circa|1585}} | birth_place = [[Cockington]], Devon, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska | death_date = {{circa|1612}} | death_place = | other_names = George Waymouth | occupation = Sahamiye, kabtan markab | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} '''George Weymouth''' (qiyaastii 1585 – qiyaastii 1612) wuxuu ahaa [[England|Ingiriis]] [[Exploration of North America|sahamiye]] iyo [[European colonization of North America|gumayste]] ka tirsanaa aagga ay hadda deggan tahay gobolka [[state of Maine|Maine]]. George Weymouth wuxuu u dhashay [[Cockington|Cockington, Devon]], wuxuuna dhalinyaradiisii ku qaatay barashada dhismaha maraakiibta iyo xisaabta. Safaradiisu waxay ka mid yihiin xiriiradii ugu horreeyay ee la diwaangeliyo ee dhexmara [[Wabanaki Confederacy#Early contact period (1497–1680s)|quwamadaha Wabanaki]] iyo dadka ka yimid [[Northern Europe|Waqooyiga Yurub]]. ​ == Safarrada == Sannadkii 1602 Weymouth waxaa shaqaalaysiiyay shirkaddii dhowaan la dhisay ee [[East India Company]] si uu u raadiyo marin dhanka waqooyi-galbeed ah oo loo maro Hindiya.<ref name=Dunbabin>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/waymouth_george_1E.html?revision_id=30064|title=WAYMOUTH (Weymouth), George|website=Dictionary of Canadian Biography}}</ref> Wuxuu ku safray markabka [[Discovery (1602 ship)|''Discovery'']] saddex boqol oo mayl gudaha [[Hudson Strait]]<ref>Glyn Williams,"Arctic Labyrinth", 2009, p. 45</ref> laakiin wuxuu dib u soo laabtay Luulyo 26, maadaama sannadku dhammaad ku dhowaaday rag badanna ay buukadeen. Weymouth wuxuu soo gaaray [[Dartmouth, England|Dartmouth]] Sebtembar 5, 1602. ​ === Safarkii 1605 === Bishii Maarso 1605, xubno ka tirsan [[English nobility|gobolka Ingiriiska]], [[Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour|Thomas Arundell]] iyo [[Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton|Henry Wriothesley]], ayaa u diray Kabtan Weymouth inuu gumeysi ka dhex dhismo "Virginia" (goobta Virginia waxay tixraacaysaa dhulka xeebta bari ee Waqooyiga Ameerika oo dhan oo aysan xukumin Faransiiska ama Isbaanishka) iyadoo la isticmaalayo marmarsiinyo ah in mar kale la raadinayo [[northwest passage|marin waqooyi-galbeed]].<ref>Akrigg, G.P.V. (1968)</ref> Weymouth wuxuu ka dhoofay Ingiriiska Maarso 31, 1605, isagoo saaran markabka ''Archangel''<ref name="The Pine-tree Coast 1890">Drake, Samuel Adams. ''The Pine-tree Coast'', (Estes & Lauriat, 1890), 218.</ref> wuxuuna ku degay meel u dhow [[Monhegan]] oo ka baxsan xeebta [[Maine]] bishii May 17, 1605. Isagoo isticmaalaya markab yar oo la yiraahdo ''The Light Horseman'', Weymouth wuxuu sahamiyay meelaha hadda loo yaqaan [[Penobscot Bay]] iyo marinada biyaha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fishermensvoice.com/archives/201507CaptainWaymouthsVoyageOfDiscovery.html|title=Captain Waymouth's Voyage of Discovery|last1=Seymour|first1=Tom|website=www.fishermensvoice.com}}</ref> ​Warbixin ku saabsan safarka, oo uu qoray [[James Rosier]] (oo Arundell u shaqaalaysiiyay inuu sameeyo indha-indheyn faahfaahsan), ayaa la daabacay wax yar ka dib markii raggii ka soo laabtay safarkooda. Buug-yaraha ayaa sharaxay kheyraadka jireed ee ay heli karaan dadka dejiya jasiiradaha iyo xeebta Maine (dekedaha, webiyada, ciidda, dhirta, miraha duurka iyo khudaarta, iyo wixii la mid ah). [[James Rosier]], wuxuu qori lahaa in [[Monhegan]] ay ahayd "dhul dhireed, oo ay ka baxaan Firre, Birch, Oke iyo Beech, ilaa intii aan xeebta raacnay; waxayna u dhowdahay inay gudaha ka tahay. Hareeraha waxaa ka baxa Gooseberries, Strawberries, digirta duurka, iyo geedaha rooska ee duurka."<ref>[http://www.davistownmuseum.org/InfoRosiersRelation.html " Rosier's Relation of George Weymouth's 1605 Voyage"]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, in Ronald F. Banks, Ed., 1969, ''A History of Maine: A Collection of Readings on the History of Maine 1600 - 1974'', Third Edition, scanned online by Davistown Museum, accessed 20 Oct 2009</ref> ​Rosier wuxuu sidoo kale ka sheekeeyay la kulankii shaqaalaha iyo dadka [[Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands|asalka ah]] ee ku nool gobolka xeebta Maine ee agagaarka [[Penobscot]] Bay, kuwaas oo u dhowaa xubno ka tirsan quwamadaha ku hadla [[Eastern Abenaki]]. Safarku wuxuu bilowday kow iyo toban maalmood ka dib markii ''Archangel'' uu markii ugu horreysay ku xirtay jasiiradaha Georges, bishii May 30, 1605. Markabka ayaa ku xirtay [[Muscongus Bay]], kabtanka iyo saddex iyo toban ninna waxay ku baxeen markab yar si ay wax u sahamiyaan. Warbixintu waxay sheegaysaa sida shaqaalihii haray ay galabtaas si lama filaan ah ula kulmeen koox ugaarsi ah, waxayna la sameeyeen luqadda calaamadaha, dhowr maalmood ka dibna waxay ku dhiirigeliyeen inay ku kalsoonaadaan hadiyado iyo ka dibna ganacsi. ​[[File:Captain George Weymouth with sword.jpg|thumb|left|Sawir muujinaya sheekada Kabtan Weymouth oo tusaya seef uu ku magnet-yeeyay dhagax magnet dadka asalka ah ee jooga [[Bristol, Maine|Pemaquid, Maine]] (hadda loo yaqaan Bristol).]] ​Markii uu soo laabtay, Weymouth wuxuu ku biiray kulanka, isagoo dadka Abenaki u soo bandhigay rooti iyo [[peas|digir]], kuwaas oo aysan aqoon u lahayn, wuxuuna tusay seef lagu magnet-yeeyay [[lodestone]].<ref name="kellscraft">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kellscraft.com/StoriesOfMaine/StoriesOfMaineCh03.html|title=Stories of Maine: Chapter 3|website=www.kellscraft.com}}</ref> Saddex maalmood oo martiqaad iyo ganacsi ka dib, Rosier wuxuu soo jeediyay in shaqaaluhu booqdaan guryahooda si ay u ganacsadaan. ​Rosier wuxuu qoray inay qayb ka ahayd qorshaha gumeysiga in la abuuro kalsoonidooda marka ay go'aansadaan in dhulku uu ku habboon yahay in dadka Yurub degaan. ​ === Afduubkii dadka Abenaki === Bishii Juun 3, sidii ay iyagu soo ehjeediyeen, Ingiriisku waxay u baxeen inay booqdaan guryahooda. Waxay noqdeen kuwo baqaya markii koox weyn ay u timid inay galbiyaan waxayna go'aansadeen inaysan aadin. ​Rosier wuxuu sheegay inay markaas go'aansadeen inay afduubaan tiro dadka Abenaki ah, iyagoo rumeysan inay dadka Abenaki damacsanaayeen "xumaan." ​{{blockquote|Arrimahan markaan tixgelinnay, waxaan bilownay inaan ku darno darajada dadka kale ee duurjoogta ah, kuwaas oo dadka safray ay ku ogaadeen sahaminno badan inay yihiin kuwo aad u khiyaano badan; marna ma isku dayaan xumaan, ilaa ay helaan fursad ku habboon oo ay ku fuliyaan. Sidaas darteed ka dib markii talo fiican la qaatay waxaan go'aansannay sida ugu dhaqsaha badan inaan qaar ka mid ah u qabsanno, si aysan (iyagoo ka shakiya inaan ogaannay shirqoolkooda) nooga maqnaan.<ref>{{harvnb|Rosier|1605}} reprinted at {{harvnb|Burrage|1906|p=377}}.</ref>}} ​Maalintii xigtay, waxay afduubeen shan qof, saddex dhagar lagu qabsaday iyo laba xoog lagu kaxaystay. Markii laga hadlayay afduubka xoogga ah ee labada qof, Rosier wuxuu xusay in afduubku ahaa mid muddo dheer qorsheysnaa, isagoo leh waxay u adeegsan lahaayeen habab ka adag si ay u sugaan maxaabiistooda sababtoo ah qabashada dadka asalka ah waxay ahayd "arrin muhiimad weyn u leh dhammaystirka safarkayaga".<ref>{{harvnb|Rosier|1605}} reprinted at {{harvnb|Burrage|1906|p=379}}.</ref> ​Fikradda waxaa shaki la'aan hindisay ganacsatada joogta Ingiriiska si ay u bartaan dhulka iyo dadka ay doonayeen inay [[British colonization of the Americas|gumeystaan]]. Sidaas darteed, qorshuhu wuxuu ka hor imanayay isku daygoodii ahaa inay abuuraan niyad samid. Weymouth iyo shaqaalihiisu ma qarin afduubka, in kasta oo bulshada qaar ee dadka asalka ah laga dhex rumeysnaa inay dileen halkii ay ka afduubi lahaayeen shantii qof; wax yar ka dib markii shaqaalihii Weymouth ay baxeen, sahamiyihii Faransiiska ahaa ee [[Samuel de Champlain]], oo ka soo shiraacday dhanka waqooyi, wuxuu la kulmay nin la yiraahdo Anaffon, oo ahaa ganacsade yar oo haragga ah, bishii Luulyo 31 ee [[Monhegan, Maine|Jasiiradda Monhegan]]. Anaffon wuxuu u sheegay Champlain koox Ingiriis ah oo halkaas ka kaluumaysanaysay wax yar ka hor, kuwaas oo "iyagoo saaxiibtinimo iska dhigaya" dilay shan qof oo deegaanka ah.{{sfn| Champlain | 1878–82|p=II:92}} ​ === Ku laabashadii Ingiriiska === Weymouth wuxuu ku laabtay Ingiriiska badhtamihii Juun.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pI7AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA507|title=Annual Report of the Director, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, to the Secretary of Commerce|first=U. S. Coast and Geodetic|last=Survey|date=September 24, 1885|via=Google Books}}</ref> Shantiisii maxbuus oo dhan waxaa la geeyay Ingiriiska. Magacyadooda waxaa la diwaangeliyay inay yihiin Amoret, Tahanedo, [[Sachem|sagamore]] Manedo, Sketwarroes, iyo Sassacomoit, oo ahaa adeege; Weymouth wuxuu saddexdii dambe u soo bandhigay Sir [[Ferdinando Gorges]], oo ahaa guddoomiyaha Plymouth Fort, isagoo ku kiciyay xiisaha uu u qabo sahaminta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a9w5AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA342|title=Transactions of the Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and Art|first=Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science, Literature and|last=Art|date=September 24, 1882|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Takaki |first1=Ronald |title=A Different Mirror |url=https://archive.org/details/differentmirrorh00taka_0 |url-access=registration |date=1993 |publisher=Little, Brown |isbn=978-0-316-02236-1}}</ref> Gorges wuxuu ahaa maalgeliye safarkii Weymouth wuxuuna noqday dhiirigaliyaha ugu weyn ee qorshaha markii Arundell uu mashruuca ka baxay.<ref>{{harvnb|Rosier|1605}} reprinted at {{harvnb|Burrage|1906|p=357}}.</ref> ​Buug la daabacay 1658, toban sano ka dib dhimashadii Gorges, lana aaminsan yahay in la qoray markii Gorges uu aad u duqoobay, Gorges wuxuu wax ka qoray farxaddiisa ku aaddan afduubka Weymouth, wuxuuna si khaldan u magacaabay [[Squanto]] inuu ka mid ahaa saddexdii la siiyay isaga. ​{{blockquote|Kabtan George Weymouth, isagoo ku guuldareystay inuu helo [[Northwest Passage|marin waqooyi-galbeed]], wuxuu galay Webiga Xeebta ''America'' ku yaal oo la yiraahdo ''Pemmaquid'', halkaas oo uu ka keenay shan qof oo dadka asalka ah ah, saddex ka mid ah magacyadoodu waxay ahaayeen ''Manida'', ''Sellwarroes'', iyo ''Tasquantum'', kuwaas oo aan la wareegay, dhammaantood waxay ka yimaadeen hal qaran, laakiin qaybo kala duwan iyo qoysas kala duwan; Shilkan waa in loo aqoonsadaa inuu yahay macnaha uu Ilaah ku bilaabay, noloshana ku siiyay dhammaan gumeysiyadeena ....<ref>{{harvnb|Gorges|1658}} reprinted at {{harvnb|Baxter|1890|p=II:8}}.</ref>}} ​Caddaymaha jira waxay ka dhigayaan mid aan macquul ahayn sheegashada ah in Squanto uu ka mid ahaa saddexdii uu qaatay Gorges, taariikhyahannada casriga ahna uma tixgeliyaan tan inay tahay xaqiiqo. Afduubyadu waxay ahaayeen siyaasad u kacsan ganacsatada Ingiriiska. Gorges, oo ahaa madaxa ganacsatada Ingiriiska, wuxuu doonayay inuu dadka asalka ah ku qanciyo sareynta tiknoolajiyada Ingiriiska isla markaana ku dhiirigeliyo gumeystayaasha inay soo guuraan; Intaa waxaa dheer, ganacsatada gumeysiga waxay rabeen inay ka bartaan maxaabiistooda wax kasta oo ay awoodaan oo ku saabsan dhulka iyo [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|dadka Dunida Cusub]]. Ganacsatadu waxay u soo bandhigeen maxaabiistooda si muuqata si ay u soo jiitaan maalgashi iyo taageero dadweyne oo loogu talagalay mashruucooda ganacsi. Way adag tahay in la fahmo sida ay u sii wadeen siyaasaddan ka dib khibraddii ay kala kulmeen maxaabiistan ugu horreysay. Labada ka mid ah maxaabiista, Manedo iyo Sassacomit, ayaa dib loola soo celiyay Kabtan Henry Chollons 1606, laakiin markabkii waxaa qabtay Isbaanishka. Manedo waa la waayay, laakiin Sassacomit oo si xun u dhaawacmay, waxaa lagu xiray xabsi Isbaanish ah.<ref>{{harvnb|Purchas|1625|pp=IV:1832–37}} reprinted in {{harvnb|Brown|1897|pp=127–39}}. ''See also'' {{harvnb|Burrage|1914|pp=56–58}}.</ref> Sassacomit wuxuu ku khasbanaaday inuu ka baxsado silsiladda Isbaanishka uuna u soo gudbo Ingiriiska ka hor inta aan lagu soo celin gurigiisii hadda loo yaqaan Maine. Labada kale ee ka mid ahaa Abenaki-ga la afduubay ayaa dib loogu celiyay Maine iyada oo lala xiriirinayo qorshihii Gorges ee ahaa inuu halkaas ka aasaaso gumeysi ganacsi. Fikraddiisu waxay ahayd in Abenaki-ga la soo celiyay ay u adeegi doonaan sidii xiriiriye u dhexeeya gumeystayaasha Ingiriiska iyo dadka deegaanka. Halkii uu ka bixin lahaa marin ammaan ah oo ay raacaan Ingiriiska galbinayay, mid ka mid ah labadii, Skidwarres, ayaa lagu khasbay inuu is aqoonsado si ay dadka asalka ah u joojiyaan weerarkii ay ku hayeen Ingiriiska. Skidwarres markii uu guriga joogay, kuma qancin Abenaki inay la ganacsadaan Ingiriiska laakiin wuxuu uga digay inay ka feejignaadaan. Dhaqanka Skidwarres iyo qofka kale ee la afduubay ee Tahanedo, waxay kobciyeen kalsooni darradii horseedi lahayd fashilka [[Popham Colony|gumeysigii Sagadahoc]]. Khibraddan kama hor istaagin Gorges ama ganacsatada kale ee Ingiriiska inay sii wadaan dhaqanka afduubka ragga deegaanka si loogu qaado Ingiriiska, iyagoo sidoo kale dadka asalka ah ka afduubay aagga Cape Cod. ​Weymouth wuxuu jasiiradda u bixiyay [[Saint George]] isagoo ugu magac daray dhabar-jabiyaha rasmiga ah ee Ingiriiska.<ref name="The Pine-tree Coast 1890"/> ​Gudaha [[United Kingdom|Britain]], noocyada dhirta Waqooyiga Ameerika ee loo yaqaan ''[[Eastern White Pine|Pinus strobus]]'' waxaa loogu yeeraa "Weymouth Pine", si loo sharfo George Weymouth. ​Bishii Luulyo 2005, Ururka Taariikhda ee Thomaston, Maine ayaa u dabaaldegay sannadguuradii 400-aad ee safarkii Weymouth ee Maine.<ref>[http://www.thomastonhistoricalsociety.com/Weymouth.html The Waymouth 400th Anniversary Celebration]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Koobaad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ​ ==Xusuusin== {{notelist|2}} ​ == Tixraac== {{Reflist}} ​ ==Buug-yaro== {{refbegin}} ​{{cite book |last=Adams |first=Charles Francis |title=Three Episodes of Massachusetts History |url=https://archive.org/details/threeepisodesma06adamgoog |location=Boston |publisher=Houghton, Mifflin and Company |year=1892 }} Online (via HathiTrust): [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/1066269.html Multiple copies]. ​{{cite journal |jstor=480471 |last=Adolf |first=Leonard A. |title=Squanto's Role in Pilgrim Diplomacy |url=https://archive.org/details/ethnohistory_summer-1964_11_3/page/247 |journal=Ethnohistory |volume=11 |number=3 |date=Summer 1964 |pages=247–61 |doi=10.2307/480471}} ​{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/earlyenglishand04haklgoog|editor-last=Burrage|editor-first=Henry S. |title=Early English and French voyages, chiefly from Hakluyt, 1534–1608 |location=New York |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons |year=1906 }} ​{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/beginningsofcolo00burr_0 |last=Burrage |first=Henry S. |title=The Beginnings of Colonial Maine, 1602-1658 |location=Portland, Mainee |publisher=Printed for the state |year=1914 |lccn=14008527 }} ​{{cite book |last=Baxter |first=James Phinney |title=Sir Ferdinando Gorges and his Province of Maine |url=https://archive.org/details/sirferdinandogor01baxtuoft |location=Boston |publisher=The Prince Society |year=1890 }} ​{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/TheGenesisOfTheUnitedStatesV1 |last=Brown |first=Alexander |title=Genesis of the United States |volume=1 |location=Boston |publisher=Houghton, Mifflin and Co. |year=1897 }} ​{{cite book |last=Champlain |first=Samuel de |title=Title Voyages of Samuel de Champlain|url=https://archive.org/details/McGillLibrary-129993-5077 |translator-last=Otis|translator-first=Charles Pomeroy|editor-last=Slafter|editor-first=Edmund F. |location=Boston |publisher=The Prince Society |year=1878–82 |lccn=03017624 }} ​{{cite journal |jstor=25079636 |last=Deane |first=Charles |title=Indians Kidnapped from Maine |journal=Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society |series=2nd |volume=2 |date=March 1885 |pages=35–38 }} ​{{cite book |last=Goddard |first=Ives |chapter=Eastern Algonquian Languages|editor-last=Trigger|editor-first= Bruce G. |title=Northeast |pages=70–77 |series=Handbook of North American Indians |volume=15 |year=1978 |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |isbn=0160045754 }} ​{{cite book |last=Gorges |first=Ferdinando |title=A Briefe Narration of the Originall Undertakings for the Advancement of Plantations into the Parts of America |location=London |publisher=Printed by E. Beudenell for Nath. Brook |year=1658 }} ​{{cite journal |jstor=25080029 |last=Kinnicutt |first=Lincoln N. |title=The Plymouth Settlement and Tisquantum |journal=Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society |volume=48 |date=November 1914 |pages=103–118 }} ​{{cite journal |url=https://archive.org/details/collectionsmass13socigoog |last=Pratt |first=Phineas |title=A Declaration of the Affairs of the English People that First Inhabited New England |journal=Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society |series=4 |volume=4 |year=1858 |pages=474–87 }} ​{{cite book|editor-last=Purchas|editor-first=Samuel |title=Hakluytus posthumus, or, Purchas his Pilgrimes. Contayning a history of the world, in sea voyages, & lande-travells, by Englishmen and others … |location=London |publisher=Imprinted for H. Fetherston |year=1625 }} ​{{cite book |last=Rosier |first=James |title=A True Relation of the most prosperous voyage made this present yeere 1605, by Captaine George Waymouth, in the discovery of the land of Virginia |location=London |publisher=Geor. Bishop |year=1605 }} ​{{cite book |last=Salisbury |first=Neal |chapter=Squanto: Last of the Patuxets |editor1-last=Sweet |editor1-first=David G. |editor2-last=Nash |editor2-first=Gary B. |title=Struggle and Survival in Colonial America |location=Berkeley, California |publisher=University of California Press |year=1981 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/strugglesurvival0000unse/page/228 228–45] |isbn=0520041100 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/strugglesurvival0000unse/page/228 }} ​{{cite book |last=Salisbury |first=Neal |title=Manitou and Providence: Indians, Europeans, and the Making of New England, 1500–1643 |url=https://archive.org/details/manitouprovidenc00neal |url-access=registration |location=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1982 |isbn=0195034546 }} ​{{cite journal |jstor=364560 |last=Shuffelton |first=Frank |title=Indian Devils and Pilgrim Fathers: Squanto, Hobomok, and the English Conception of Indian Religion |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-quarterly_1976-03_49_1/page/108 |journal=New England Quarterly |volume=49 |number=1 |pages=108–16 |date=March 1976 |doi=10.2307/364560}} {{refend}} ​ ==Xiriirinta dibadda== *[http://www.davistownmuseum.org/InfoRosiersRelation.html A TRUE RELATION OF CAPTAIN GEORGE WEYMOUTH HIS VOYAGE. MADE THIS PRESENT YEERE 1605]{{Dead link|date=Bisha Afraad 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ​{{Authority control}} ​{{DEFAULTSORT:Weymouth, George}} gtvdm2i4aa914bwvya3m1vqhy5a6pr2 828 50349 310084 304472 2026-10-07T11:40:34Z Isma4l 41797 310084 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local p = {} local data = {} local templateArgs = {} -- contains arguments passed to cite web local target = {} -- short cut to target table, e.g. fishbase, cof, etc local function error_msg(errorString) if p.errorString ~= "" then return '<span style="font-size:100%" class="error">' .. errorString .. '</span>' .. "[[Category:Pages with Cite taxon errors]]" end end local function firstToUpper(str) return (str:gsub("^%l", string.upper)) end -- define citation template and custom parameters for various sources --####################### Default functions ########################## data.default = {} -- currently being tested on Avibase, but Fossilworks, Tropicos, FNA and a few others are candidates data.default.id = function (id, source) local title = id local url = source.customArgs['baseURL'] .. (source.customArgs['searchStr'] or "") .. id return title, url end data.default.error = function() return "Minimal requirement is two of id, url and title parameters" end data.default.search = function (search, source) local title = "Search for " .. search local url = source.customArgs['baseURL'] .. source.customArgs['searchString'] .. search .. source.customArgs['searchSuffix'] return title, url end --[[ handling for ID only (unused, original concept) p.genericIdCitation = function(frame, title, url) if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id'] return p.citeWeb(frame, title, url) end]] --####################### FISH ##################################### --======================== Fishbase ================================= data.fishbase = { citationArgs = { ['editor1-last']="Froese", ['editor1-first']="Rainer", ['editor1-link']="Rainer Froese", ['editor2-last']="Pauly", ['editor2-first']="Daniel", ['editor2-link']="Daniel Pauly", --['last-author-amp'] ="yes", ['website'] = "[[FishBase]]", --['publisher'] = "" }, customArgs = { exclude= "order, family,genus, species, subspecies, 1, 2, 3, 4, month", baseURL = "https://www.fishbase.org/", defaultTitle = "Search FishBase" }, } data.fishbase.species = function(genus, species, subspecies) data.fishbase.version() local title = genus .. " " .. species local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "summary/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=" .. genus .. "&speciesname=" .. species if subspecies then url = url .. "+" .. subspecies title = title .. " " .. subspecies end title = "''" .. title .. "''" return title, url end data.fishbase.genus = function(genus) data.fishbase.version() local title = "Species in genus ''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. "''" local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=" .. genus return title, url end data.fishbase.order = function(order) data.fishbase.version() local title = "Order " .. firstToUpper(order) local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=" .. order return title, url end data.fishbase.family = function(family) -- family names no longer redirecting -- must use code https://www.fishbase.org/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=412 local families = { { "Acanthuridae", 412 }, { "Percidae", 306 } } local familyID = 0 for k,v in pairs(families) do if v[1] == family then familyID = v[2] end end data.fishbase.version() local title = "Family " .. firstToUpper(family) local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "summary/FamilySummary.php?family=" .. family --local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=" .. familyID return title, url end data.fishbase.error = function() return "No recognised taxon options: order, family, genus, species, subspecies." end data.fishbase.version = function() local defaultDate = false if defaultDate then -- default month and year as original template (now not used) local month = templateArgs['month'] or "April" -- default month local year = templateArgs['year'] or "2006" -- default year --if isnumber(tostring(month))) templateArgs['version'] = month .. " " .. year .. " version" templateArgs['year'] =year -- old template gave redundant version and year else --But defaulting the date to April 2006 invites errors and isn't helpful local month = templateArgs['month'] -- no default month local year = templateArgs['year'] if month and year then if tonumber(month) then local months = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" } month = months[tonumber(month)] -- convert digital month to month name end templateArgs['version'] = month .. " " .. year .. " version" -- set version if month and year provided templateArgs['year'] = nil -- don't use year as well as version templateArgs['month'] = nil end end end --[[ ================================ Catalog of Fishes ================================================ Note: sequence of authors changed in Sept 2018, 4 Sept 2018: Eschmeyer, W. N. and R. Fricke, and R. van der Laan (eds). CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES, REFERENCES. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp). Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2018. [This version was edited by Bill Eschmeyer.] 26 Sept 2018: Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & R. van der Laan (eds) 2018. CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES, REFERENCES. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp). Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2018. --]] data.cof = { citationArgs = { --baseURL = "http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?", ['editor2-last']="Eschmeyer", ['editor2-first']="William N.", ['editor2-link']="William N. Eschmeyer", ['editor1-last']="Fricke", ['editor1-first']="Ron", ['editor3-last']="van der Laan", ['editor3-first']="Richard", ['name-list-style'] ="amp", ['website'] = "[[Catalog of Fishes]]", ['publisher'] = "[[California Academy of Sciences]]" }, customArgs = { exclude= "family,genus,species,genid,spid,id,list,1,2,3", baseURL = "http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?", defaultTitle = "CAS - Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes" } } data.cof.species = function(genus, species, subspecies) data.cof.checkDate() local taxon = genus .. " " .. species local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'tbl=species&genus=' .. genus .. '&species=' .. species local title = "Species related to " .. "''" .. firstToUpper(taxon) .. "''" -- .. "" species synonyms" return title, url end data.cof.genus = function(genus) data.cof.checkDate() local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'tbl=species&genus=' .. genus local title = "Species in the genus ''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. "''" return title, url end -- note the family works with subfamilies using &family=SUBFAMILY data.cof.family = function(family) data.cof.checkDate() local list = templateArgs['list'] or "genus" local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'tbl=' .. list .. '&family=' .. family local title = "Species" if list == "genus" then title = "Genera" end title = title .. ' in the family ' .. firstToUpper(family) return title, url end data.cof.genid = function(genid) data.cof.checkDate() local searchStr = "genid" .. '=' .. genid local title = searchStr local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr return title, url end data.cof.spid = function(spid) data.cof.checkDate() local searchStr = "spid" .. '=' .. spid local title = searchStr local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr return title, url end data.cof.checkDate = function () local accessDate = templateArgs['access-date'] or templateArgs['accessdate'] local Date = require('Module:Date')._Date local date = Date(accessDate) if date and date < Date('5 September 2018') then -- switch author order for accessdates before 5 Sept 2018 data.cof.citationArgs['editor1-last']="Eschmeyer" data.cof.citationArgs['editor1-first']="William N." data.cof.citationArgs['editor1-link']="William N. Eschmeyer" data.cof.citationArgs['editor2-last']="Fricke" data.cof.citationArgs['editor2-first']="Ron" data.cof.citationArgs['editor2-link']=nil end end data.cof.error = function() return "Error. No recognised option set by template (need one of family, genus, species (also requires genus), spid, or genid" end --======================Fishes of the World 5=============================== data.fotw5 = { citeTemplate = "Cite book", citationArgs = { --['website'] = "[[]]", first1 = "Joseph S.", last1 = "Nelson", first2="Terry C.", last2="Grande", first3="Mark V. H.", last3="Wilson", --work = "Fishes of the World (work)", title = "Fishes of the World", edition="5th", year = 2016, publisher ="John Wiley and Sons", location="Hoboken", isbn = "978-1-118-34233-6", doi="10.1002/9781119174844" , }, customArgs = {exclude="gb-page,q,dq,1", baseURL = "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119174844", -- online library defaultTitle = "Fishes of the World", altTitle = "[[Fishes of the World]]", -- wikilinked for when using chapter/section title altURL = "https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/", -- classification }, GoogleBooks = { baseURL = "https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=", id = "E-MLDAAAQBAJ", defaultPage = "&pg=PP1" } } data.fotw5.default2 = function(targs) local title = data.fotw5.citationArgs['work'] local url = data.fotw5.customArgs['baseURL'] local chapterParams = { title = title, ['chapter-url']= data.fotw5.customArgs['googleBooks'] } --return title, url, chapterParams end data.BentonVP4 = { citeTemplate = "Cite book", citationArgs = { first1 = "Michael J.", last1 = "Benton", title = "Vertebrate Palaeontology", edition="4th", year = 2014, publisher ="John Wiley & Sons", isbn = "978-1-118-40764-6", }, customArgs = {exclude="gb-page,q,dq,1", --baseURL = "", defaultTitle = "Vertebrate Palaeontology", altTitle = "[[Vertebrate Palaeontology]]" -- wikilinked for when using chapter/section title }, GoogleBooks = { baseURL = "https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=", id = "qak-BAAAQBAJ", defaultPage = "&pg=PP1", } } --====================TODO FishWisePro================================================== data.fishwisepro = { citationArgs = { ['website'] = "[[FishWisePro]]", }, customArgs = {exclude="family,genus,species,1", baseURL = "" } } -- #################### AMPHIBIA and REPTILES ############################### -- ================= Amphibian Species of the World (ASW6) --[[Recommended citation: Frost, Darrel R. 2019. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 (Date of access). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. URL for family page: http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Allophrynidae baseURL = http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/ suffix = Amphibia/Anura/Allophrynidae note: needs the whole hierarchy (except the superfamily which is optional) Template for main taxonomic listing: {{BioRef|ASW6 |title=Amphibia |year=2019 |url=http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html |access-date=27 September 2019}} SEARCH http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/amphib/basic_search?basic_query=Atelopus&stree=&stree_id= searchSuffix = amphib/basic_search?basic_query=Atelopus&stree=&stree_id= SEARCH http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree=&subtree_id=&english_name=&author=&year=&country= searchSuffix = /content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree=&subtree_id=&english_name=&author=&year=&country= minimul = /content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree ]] data.ASW6 ={ citationArgs = { website ="Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference.", version = "Version 6.0", publisher = "American Museum of Natural History, New York", ['last1']="Frost", ['first1']="Darrel R.", ['author1-link']="Darrel R. Frost", }, customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family, superfamily,1,2,3", baseURL = "http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/", defaultSuffix = "index.html", defaultTitle = "ASW Home" } } data.ASW6.species = function(genus, species, subspecies) -- search for genus+species () local title = "Search for taxon: " .. "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''" --local search = ""?action=names&taxon="" -- old version (pre ASW6) --local search = "amphib/basic_search?basic_query=" -- basic search local search = "content/search?taxon=" -- guided search for taxon name local url = data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. search -- .. genus .. '+AND+' .. species .. '&quot;' .. genus .. '+' .. species .. '&quot;' return title, url end data.ASW6.genus = function(genus) return data.ASW6.taxon(genus) -- use genus as alias of taxon end data.ASW6.taxon = function(taxon) local title = "Search for Taxon: " .. taxon local url= data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "content/search?taxon=" .. taxon return title, url end data.ASW6.family = function(family) local order = data.ASW6.checkOrder(family) local url= data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "Amphibia/" .. order .. "/" .. firstToUpper(family) local title = firstToUpper(family) return title, url end data.ASW6.checkOrder = function(family) local gymnophiona={ "Caeciliidae", "Chikilidae", "Dermophiidae", "Herpelidae", "Ichthyophiidae", "Grandisoniidae", "Indotyphlidae", "Rhinatrematidae", "Scolecomorphidae", "Siphonopidae", "Typhlonectidae" } local caudata = { "Ambystomatidae", "Amphiumidae", "Cryptobranchidae", "Hynobiidae", "Plethodontidae", "Proteidae", "Rhyacotritonidae", "Salamandridae", "Sirenidae" } for k,v in pairs(caudata) do if v == family then return "Caudata" end end for k,v in pairs(gymnophiona) do if v == family then return "Gymnophiona" end end return "Anura" end --============================= AmphibiaWeb =================================== --[[ Citation: AmphibiaWeb. 2019. <https://amphibiaweb.org> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed 27 Sep 2019. Code: {{BioRef|amphibiaweb |title=Amphibia |year=2019 |url=https://amphibiaweb.org/taxonomy/AW_FamilyPhylogeny.html |access-date=27 September 2019}} --]] data.amphibiaweb = { citationArgs = { website = "AmphibiaWeb", publisher = "University of California, Berkeley", --['editor1-last']="", ['editor1-first']="", ['editor1-link']="", }, customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family,1,2,3", baseURL = "https://amphibiaweb.org/", defaultSuffix = "taxonomy/AW_FamilyPhylogeny.html", defaultTitle = "AmphibiaWeb Family Taxonomy" } } data.amphibiaweb.species = function (genus, species, subspecies) local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''" --https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Altiphrynoides&where-species=malcolmi local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "cgi/amphib_query?rel-genus=equals&where-genus=" .. genus .. "&rel-species=equals&where-species=" .. species return title, url end data.amphibiaweb.genus = function (genus) local title = "''" .. genus .. "''" --https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Altiphrynoides&where-species=malcolmi local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "cgi/amphib_query?rel-genus=equals&where-genus=" .. genus .. "&include_synonymies=Yes&show_photos=Yes" return title, url end data.amphibiaweb.family = function (family) -- if family use standardised url local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "lists/" .. firstToUpper(templateArgs['family']) .. ".shtml" local title = templateArgs['family'] return title, url end --=========================== The Reptile Database data.reptileDB = { -- http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Epacrophis&species=boulengeri -- recommended citation: Uetz, P., Freed, P. & Hošek, J. (eds.) (2019) The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed [insert date here] -- newer: Uetz, P., Freed, P, Aguilar, R., Reyes, F., Kudera, J. & Hošek, J. (eds.) (2024) The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed [insert date here citationArgs = { --website="reptile-database.org", website="[[Reptile Database|The Reptile Database]]", ['editor1-last']="Uetz", ['editor1-first']="P.", --['editor1-link']="Peter Uetz", ['editor2-last']="Freed", ['editor2-first']="P.", ['editor3-last']="Hošek", ['editor3-first']="J.", --year=2019, ['display-editors'] = 1 -- shows eds as Uetz et al as number of editors has increased and is date dependent }, customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family,1,2,3", defaultURL = "http://reptile-database.org/", baseURL = "http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/", defaultTitle = "The Reptile Database" } } data.reptileDB.species = function(genus, species) data.reptileDB.getDate() local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''" --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Loxocemus&species=bicolor local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species?genus=" .. genus .. "&species=" .. species return title, url end data.reptileDB.genus = function(genus) data.reptileDB.getDate() local title = "''" .. genus .. "''" --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?genus=Malayopython&submit=Search local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "advanced_search?genus=" .. genus .. "&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=search" return title, url end data.reptileDB.family = function(family) return data.reptileDB.taxon(family) end data.reptileDB.order = function(order) return data.reptileDB.taxon(order) end data.reptileDB.taxon = function(taxon) data.reptileDB.getDate() local title = taxon --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?taxon=Viperidae&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=Search local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "advanced_search?taxon=" .. taxon .. "&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=search" return title, url end data.reptileDB.getDate = function() if templateArgs['date'] and templateArgs['year'] then templateArgs['access-date'] = templateArgs['date'] .. " " .. templateArgs['year'] templateArgs['date'] = nil templateArgs['year'] = nil end end data.reptileDB.default = function() local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['defaultURL'] local title = data.reptileDB.customArgs['defaultTitle'] return title, url end --################################### BIRDS ######################################## --====================Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (HBW Alive)============== data.HBWalive = { citationArgs = { website="[[Handbook of the Birds of the World|Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive]]", publisher="Lynx Edicions" }, customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://www.hbw.com/", defaultSuffix = "family/home", defaultTitle = "Family | HBW Alive" } } --############################## HBW ALIVE ######################################### -- family and species entries have mix of common name and taxon name so cannot be prempted; -- must use title + url (which uses default functions in this module) data.HBWalive.order = function(order) local title = "Order " .. firstToUpper(order) --https://www.hbw.com/order/struthioniformes local url = target.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "order/" .. order return title, url end --[[======================IOC World Bird List========================== Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v9.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen (Eds). 2020. IOC World Bird List (v10.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.10.1. ]] data.IOC = { citationArgs = { website="[[IOC World Bird List]]", -- version="Version 9.2", -- shouldn't default; should be hardcode so it doesn't change ['editor1-last']="Gill", ['editor1-first']="Frank", ['editor1-link']="Frank Gill (ornithologist)", ['editor2-last']="Donsker", ['editor2-first']="David", ['editor3-last']="Rasmussen", ['editor3-first']="Pamela C.", ['editor3-link']="Pamela C. Rasmussen", -- only shown from version 10.1 onwards -- doi = "10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2", -- this changes by version number and is not a useful part of the citation -- publisher="International Ornithological Congress" -- relationship confusing, see https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/history/ }, customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://www.worldbirdnames.org/", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "IOC World Bird List: Welcome" }, } data.IOC.version = function() local version = templateArgs['version'] local old = false if version then version = string.gsub( version, "[Vv]ersion ", "") local versionNumber = tonumber(version) if versionNumber < 10.1 then old = true end else local Date = require('Module:Date')._Date if Date(templateArgs['access-date']) < Date('1 January 2020') then old = true end end if old then data.IOC.citationArgs['editor3-last'] = nil data.IOC.citationArgs['editor3-first'] = nil end end data.IOC.order = function(order) data.IOC.version() local IOCorders = {Struthioniformes='ratites',Rheiformes='ratites',Apterygiformes='ratites',Casuariiformes='ratites',Tinamiformes='ratites',Galliformes='megapodes',Anseriformes='waterfowl',Caprimulgiformes='nightjars',Apodiformes='swifts',Musophagiformes='turacos',Otidiformes='turacos',Cuculiformes='turacos',Mesitornithiformes='turacos',Pterocliformes='turacos',Columbiformes='pigeons',Gruiformes='flufftails',Podicipediformes='grebes',Phoenicopteriformes='grebes',Charadriiformes='sandpipers',Eurypygiformes='loons',Phaethontiformes='loons',Gaviiformes='loons',Sphenisciformes='loons',Procellariiformes='loons',Ciconiiformes='storks',Suliformes='storks',Pelecaniformes='pelicans',Opisthocomiformes='raptors',Accipitriformes='raptors',Strigiformes='owls',Coliiformes='mousebirds',Leptosomiformes='mousebirds',Trogoniformes='mousebirds',Bucerotiformes='mousebirds',Coraciiformes='rollers',Piciformes='woodpeckers',Cariamiformes='falcons',Falconiformes='falcons',Psittaciformes='parrots', Passeriformes='nz_wrens'} -- passeriformes link not very useful local title = "Order " .. firstToUpper(order) local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "/bow/" .. IOCorders[order] return title, url end data.IOC.family = function(family) data.IOC.version() local IOCfamilies = { Struthionidae = {"ratites", 4}, Alcippeidae = {"babblers", 24989 } } -- temporary partial list for testing local title = "Family " .. firstToUpper(family) --https://www.worldbirdnames.org/Family/Struthionidae local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "Family/" .. family -- old version (might be resurrected by IOC) -- https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/babblers/#1338626516R24989 if IOCfamilies[family] then -- test version local partial list url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "new/bow/" .. IOCfamilies[family][1] .. "/#1338626516R" .. IOCfamilies[family][2] end return title, url end data.IOC.default = function( title, url) data.IOC.version() return title, url end data.BOW = { citationArgs = { website="Birds of the World Online", -- doi = "", -- ['last1']="Winkler", ['first1']="David W.", -- are these always the authors in version 1? no, perhaps for family page -- ['last2']="Billerman", ['first2']="Shawn M.", -- ['last3']="Lovette", ['first3']="Irby J.", -- ['editor1-last']="Billerman", ['editor1-first']="S. M.", --['editor1-link']="", -- ['editor2-last']="Keeney", ['editor2-first']="B. K.", -- ['editor3-last']="Rodewald", ['editor3-first']="P. G.", -- ['editor4-last']="Schulenberg", ['editor4-first']="T. S.", -- ['version'] = 1, ['year'] = 2020, -- may not want to default publisher="[[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]], Ithaca, NY." }, customArgs = { exclude="citation,make,order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Explore Taxonomy" }, } -- function not needed of not adding anything else data.BOW.default2 = function( title, url) --data.BOW.citationArgs['version'] = "Version 1" --mw.addWarning("testing BOW.default function") return title, url end -- id works with the default function data.default.id (id, source) data.BOW.id2 = function( id) local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] ..id local title = "BOW id=" .. id end --[[ make BOW to parse standard citation, {{BioRef|BOW|citation=CITATION}} vesrion 1 (family): Winkler, D. W., S. M. Billerman, and I.J. Lovette (2020). Bulbuls (Pycnonotidae), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01 version 2 (species): Limparungpatthanakij , W. L., L. Fishpool, and J. Tobias (2020). Buff-vented Bulbul (Iole crypta), version 2.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman and B. K. Keeney, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.buvbul1.02 ]] data.BOW.citation = function( value) local citation = templateArgs['citation'] data.BOW.citationArgs['year'] = citation:match ('^%D+(%d%d%d%d)') data.BOW.citationArgs['doi'] = citation:match ('10%.2173/bow%..+') -- https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01 --data.BOW.citationArgs['version'] = citation:match ('version %d%.%d') -- version applies to page, not whole BOW local title = citation:match ('%d%d%d%d%)%.(.*, version %d%.%d)'); -- include version number in title local suffix = citation:match ('10%.2173/bow%.(.+%d?)%.') -- https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01 local version = "/cur/" -- for the current version version = citation:match ('version (%d%.%d)') -- for the cited version local url = data.BOW.customArgs['baseURL'] .. suffix .. '/' .. version .. '/' title = title:gsub( '%((%D+) (%D+)%)' , "(''%1 %2'')") local authors = citation:match ('^(%D+) %(%d%d%d%d%)') if authors then -- split authors with modified code from make cite iucn local list = {} --mw.addWarning ("author string: " .. authors) authors = authors:gsub(", Jr.", "XYZJrX") -- protect author name from splitting on comma authors = authors:gsub(", and ", ", ") -- for 3 or more authors authors = authors:gsub(" and ", ", ") -- for 2 editors list = mw.text.split (authors, ','); -- split the string on the commas into entries in list if #list == 0 then --mw.addWarning ("Zero length author list. Please report example of BOW citation at Cite BOW template talk page."); data.BOW.citationArgs['author'] = authors -- no 'names' of the proper form; return the original as a single |author= parameter else for i, name in ipairs (list) do -- for each author in list --mw.addWarning ("list " .. i .. "=" .. list[i]) if i==1 then --note the first name has last name followed by initials after comma, so takes fill first two parts of the split data.BOW.citationArgs['last1'] = data.BOW.citationArgs['last1'] or name -- don't everwrite supplied name elseif i==2 then data.BOW.citationArgs['first1'] = data.BOW.citationArgs['first1'] or name elseif i > 2 then --mw.addWarning ("name " .. i .. "=" .. name) --data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1] = name:match ('%s(%a-)$') --data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1] = name:match ('(.+)%s%a-$') -- regex note: allow for space in names such as del Hoyo -- used supplied parameter if available (used when fixing diacrticis) or parse name or use unparsed name if that fails data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1] = data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1] or name:match ('%s([%a ]-)$') or name data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1] = data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1] or name:match ('(.-)%s[%a ]-$') --data.BOW.citationArgs['author'..i-1] = nil else -- something has gone wrong (use author) data.BOW.citationArgs['author'..i-1] = name end if i>1 and 1==2 then --mw.addWarning ("last" .. tostring(i-1) .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1]) --mw.addWarning ("first".. tostring(i-1) .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1]) end end for i, name in ipairs (list) do -- for each author in list if data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i] then --mw.addWarning ("check " .. i .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i] ) data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i] =string.gsub(data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i], "XYZJrX", ", Jr.") -- restored protected string end end end end -- now parse editors local editors = citation:match ('In Birds of the World %((.-), Editors?%)' ) -- omit editors as cite web psoitioning is weird if editors then -- split editors with modified code from make cite iucn local list = {} --mw.addWarning ("editor string: " .. editors) editors = editors:gsub(", and ", ", ") -- for 3 or more authors editors = editors:gsub(" and ", ", ") -- for 2 editors list = mw.text.split (editors, ','); -- split the string on the commas into entries in list if #list == 0 then mw.addWarning ("problem with editor splitting") data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'] = editors -- no 'names' of the proper form; return the original as a single |author= parameter else for i, name in ipairs (list) do -- for each author in list if i>0 then --note the editor names are all same format (unlike authors) -- data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i] = name:match ('%s(%a-)$') -- data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i] = name:match ('(.+)%s%a-$') data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i] = name:match ('%s([%a ]-)$') -- [%a ] for "del Hoyo" or "de Juana" data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i] = name:match ('(.-)%s[%a ]-$') --data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'..i-1] = nil else -- something has gone wrong (use editor) -- data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'..i] = name end if i>0 and 1==2 then mw.addWarning ("editor-last" .. tostring(i) .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i]) mw.addWarning ("editor-first".. tostring(i) .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i]) end end end end --if not url then url = data.BOW.customArgs['baseURL'] end --if not title then title = "Title parameter required" end return title, url end --[[ Birdlife International datazone BirdLife International (2024). Species factsheet: Variable Antshrike Thamnophilus caerulescens. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/variable-antshrike-thamnophilus-caerulescens on 22/10/2025 --]] data.birdlife = { citationArgs = { website="Birdlife International", --['editor1-last']="", ['editor1-first']="", --['editor1-link']="", }, customArgs = { exclude="id,1", baseURL = "https://datazone.birdlife.org/", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Species factsheet" }, } -- basic handling for Taxonomy in Flux website data.tif = { citationArgs = { website="Taxonomy in Flux", ['editor1-last']="Boyd III", ['editor1-first']="John H.", --['editor1-link']="", }, customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "http://jboyd.net/Taxo/", defaultSuffix = "List.html", defaultTitle = "Taxonomy in Flux" }, } --[[ ------------- Avibase e.g. https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=9144EF4017F2D8B1 ]] data.avibase = { citationArgs = { website="Avibase", ['editor1-last']="Lepage", ['editor1-first']="Denis", --['editor1-link']="", }, customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/", searchStr = "species.jsp?avibaseid=", defaultTitle = "Avibase - The World Bird Database" } } --[[ use default function data.avibase.id = function (id) local title = "Avibase id: " .. id local url = data.avibase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.avibase.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end --]] -- ============================= IUCN ================================================= -- for species in taxon; for species assessments, use {{cite iucn}} -- https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=Murexia&searchType=species -- https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=aonyx&searchType=species data.iucn = { citationArgs = { website="[[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]", --publisher="[[IUCN]]" }, customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://www.iucnredlist.org", searchString = "/search?query=", searchSuffix = "&searchType=species", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle="IUCN Red List of Threatened Species" } } data.iucn.genus = function(genus) return data.iucn.taxon(genus, "TITLE_ITALICS") end data.iucn.family = function(family) return data.iucn.taxon(family) end data.iucn.order = function(order) return data.iucn.taxon(order) end data.iucn.taxon = function(taxon, titleItalics) local title = firstToUpper(taxon) if titleItalics then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end local url = data.iucn.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.iucn.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon .. data.iucn.customArgs['searchSuffix'] return title, url end -- ============================= NatureServe/TNC ================================================= -- NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. NatureServe. -- https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.747305/Lucanus_capreolus -- https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1253051/Monarda_fistulosa data.tnc = { citationArgs = { website="[[NatureServe|NatureServe Explorer]]", publisher="NatureServe", location = "Arlington, Virginia" }, customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://explorer.natureserve.org/", taxonString = "Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.", defaultTitle="NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data" } } data.tnc.species = function(genus,species) local title = "''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. " " .. species .. "''" local url = data.tnc.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.tnc.customArgs['taxonString'] .. templateArgs['id'] .. "/" .. genus .. "_" .. species return title, url end data.tnc.id = function(id) local title = data.tnc.customArgs['defaultTitle'] local url = data.tnc.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.tnc.customArgs['taxonString'] .. templateArgs['id'] return title, url end -- ============================= Batnames ========================================== -- Simmons, N.B. and A.L. Cirranello. 2026. Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Version 1.11. Accessed on 08/23/2026. -- https://batnames.org/ -- ============================= ASM Mammal Diversity Database ======================== data.batnames = { citationArgs = { website="Bat Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database.", ['last1'] = "Simmons", ['first1'] = "Nancy B.", ['author1-link'] = "Nancy Simmons", ['last2'] = "Cirranello", ['first2'] = "Andrea L.", --publisher="[[American Museum of Natural History]]" }, customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1,2,3", baseURL = "https://batnames.org/", defaultTitle="Batnames" } } --Species: https://batnames.org/species/Nycteris+aurita data.batnames.species = function(genus, species) local title = "''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. " " .. species .. "''" local url = data.batnames.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. genus .. "+" .. species -- case insensitive return title, url end data.batnames.genus = function(genus) local title = "''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. "''" local url = data.batnames.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "genera/" .. genus -- case insensitive return title, url end -- Family: https://batnames.org/family/=Nycteridae [works with family names (super, sub, tribe) and suborders] data.batnames.family = function(family) local title = firstToUpper(family) local url = data.batnames.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "family/=" .. firstToUpper(family) --case sensitive return title, url end data.batnames.taxon = function(taxon) return data.batnames.family (taxon) end -- ============================= ASM Mammal Diversity Database ======================== data.asm = { citationArgs = { website="ASM Mammal Diversity Database", publisher="[[American Society of Mammalogists]]" }, customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1,2,3", baseURL = "https://www.mammaldiversity.org/", defaultTitle="ASM Mammal Diversity Database" } } data.asm.species2 = function(genus, species) -- use species function below -- old url = https://mammaldiversity.org/species-account.php?genus=ursus&species=arctos -- new url = https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=Dipodomys&species=deserti&id=1001892 (only id required) local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''" local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#genus=" .. genus .. "&species=" .. species if templateArgs['id'] then url = url .. "&id=" .. templateArgs['id'] end return title, url end data.asm.id = function(id) --local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species-account/species-id=" .. templateArgs['id'] -- new format https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#species-id=1006310 --local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#species-id=" .. id -- templateArgs['id'] -- newer format https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=Leopardus&species=colocola&id=1005993 (genus and species can be blank) -- newer (Mar 2024) https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006020 local title = "Species-id=" .. id local hashString = "genus=&species=&id=" .. id -- if id only, requires blank genus and species (superceded by /taxon/link) if templateArgs['genus'] and templateArgs['species'] then title = "''" .. templateArgs['genus'] .. " " .. templateArgs['species'] .. "'' (id=" .. id ..")" hashString = "genus=" .. templateArgs['genus'] .. "&species=" .. templateArgs['species'] .. "&id=" .. id end --local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#genus=&species=&id=" .. id -- templateArgs['id'] -- url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#" .. hashString local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "taxon/" .. id return title, url end data.asm.species = function(genus, species) if templateArgs['id'] then return data.asm.id(templateArgs['id']) -- use the ASM explore page if ID given (as permalink) end if genus and species then -- otherwisee use the treeview page with the species info local title = "''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. " " .. species .. "''" local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "tree.html#genus=" .. genus .. "&species=" .. species return title, url end end data.asm.genus = function(genus) return data.asm.taxon(genus, "genus", "TITLE_ITALICS") end data.asm.family = function(family) return data.asm.taxon(family, "family") end data.asm.order = function(order) return data.asm.taxon(order, "order") end data.asm.taxon = function(taxon, rank, titleItalics) --https://mammaldiversity.org/#ZmVsaWRhZSZnbG9iYWxfc2VhcmNoPXRydWUmbG9vc2U9dHJ1ZQ -- Base64.encode(felidae&global_search=true&loose=true) local title = firstToUpper(taxon) if titleItalics then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "tree.html" if rank then -- no rank if taxon called directly url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. rank .. "/" .. taxon:lower() end return title, url end --############################## Base64 encode and decode (used for ASM##################### local b='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/' -- encoding data.asm.Base64 = {} data.asm.Base64.encode = function(data) return ((data:gsub('.', function(x) local r,b='',x:byte() for i=8,1,-1 do r=r..(b%2^i-b%2^(i-1)>0 and '1' or '0') end return r; end)..'0000'):gsub('%d%d%d?%d?%d?%d?', function(x) if (#x < 6) then return '' end local c=0 for i=1,6 do c=c+(x:sub(i,i)=='1' and 2^(6-i) or 0) end return b:sub(c+1,c+1) end)..({ '', '==', '=' })[#data%3+1]) end -- decoding data.asm.Base64.decode=function(data) data = string.gsub(data, '[^'..b..'=]', '') return (data:gsub('.', function(x) if (x == '=') then return '' end local r,f='',(b:find(x)-1) for i=6,1,-1 do r=r..(f%2^i-f%2^(i-1)>0 and '1' or '0') end return r; end):gsub('%d%d%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', function(x) if (#x ~= 8) then return '' end local c=0 for i=1,8 do c=c+(x:sub(i,i)=='1' and 2^(8-i) or 0) end return string.char(c) end)) end --######################## Misc ################################## --[[ 3 approaches to handling DB: 1) use DB as website and use author for editors (if known) (a) use via to append WoRMS (b) use postscript to append WoRMs (c) use publisher for WoRMS 2) use WoRMS as website and designate DB as author (recommended by WoRMS) CURRENT (option) add editors [TODO see cite WoRMS for list] issue: what to do about editors changing (need to use access-date) ]] data.WoRMS = { citationArgs = { author = "WoRMS", website = "[[World Register of Marine Species]]", --['via'] = "[[World Register of Marine Species]]", --postscript = '&#32;from the [[World Register of Marine Species]].' }, customArgs = {exclude="id,db,1", baseURL = "http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?", searchStr = "p=taxdetails&id=", defaultTitle="World Register of Marine Species" } } data.WoRMS.id = function(id) --[[ Two styles 1. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712 > WoRMS (2018). Heterobranchia. Accessed at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712 on 2018-11-28 2. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249 > MolluscaBase (2018). Ringipleura. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249 on 2018-11-28 ]] if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end local searchStr = "p=taxdetails&id=" .. templateArgs['id'] if templateArgs['db'] then data.WoRMS.db (templateArgs['db']) --[[else -- WoRMS is primary source (note cite WoRMs uses WoRMS as publisher and the db as the work) templateArgs['via'] = nil templateArgs['postscript'] = nil]] end --templateArgs['website'] = templateArgs['db'] -- alternative (and use |postscript) --templateArgs['publisher'] = templateArgs['via'] --page <title>WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Heterobranchia</title> local title = "WoRMS taxon details: AphiaID " .. id local url = data.WoRMS.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WoRMS.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.WoRMS.default = function() if templateArgs['db'] then data.WoRMS.db (templateArgs['db']) end end data.WoRMS.db = function(db) -- if database hosted by WoRMS db = string.lower( db ) if db == "world list of octocorallia" or db == "octocorallia" then templateArgs['author'] = "World List of Octocorallia" templateArgs['editor-last1']="McFadden"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="C.S." -- , ; , R.; Samimi-Namin, K.; , G.; , L. templateArgs['editor-last2']="Cordeiro"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="R." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Samimi-Namin"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="K." templateArgs['editor-last4']="Williams"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="G." templateArgs['editor-last5']="van Ofwegen"; templateArgs['editor-first5']="L." -- year ? (2022). elseif db == "world of copepods database" or db == "copepoda" or db == "copepods" or db == "copepod" then templateArgs['author'] = "World of Copepods Database" templateArgs['editor-last1']="Walter"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="T.C." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Boxshall"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="G." -- year ? (2022). elseif db == "world amphipoda database" or db == "amphipoda" or db == "amphipod"then templateArgs['author'] = "World Amphipoda Database" templateArgs['editor-last1']="Horton"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="T." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Lowry"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="J." templateArgs['editor-last3']="De Broyer"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="C." templateArgs['display-editors']="etal"; -- full list is about 20 names elseif db == "world isopoda database" or db == "isopoda" or db == "isopod"then templateArgs['author'] = "World Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial Isopod Crustaceans database" templateArgs['editor-last1']="Boyko"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="C.B." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Bruce"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="N.L." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Hadfield"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="K.A." templateArgs['editor-last4']="Merrin"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="K.L." templateArgs['editor-last5']="Ota."; templateArgs['editor-first5']="Y." templateArgs['editor-last6']="Poore"; templateArgs['editor-first6']="G.C.B." templateArgs['editor-last7']="Taiti"; templateArgs['editor-first7']="S." elseif db == "millibase" or db == "diplopoda" or db == "diplopod"then templateArgs['author'] = "MilliBase" templateArgs['editor-last1']="Sierwald"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="P." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Spelda"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="J." elseif db == "molluscabase" or db == "mollusca" or db == "mollusc" then templateArgs['author'] = "MolluscaBase" else templateArgs['author'] = templateArgs['db'] -- this is recommended by WoRMS end end --[[ Species files -- takes db parameter --https://db.speciesfile.org/otus/$ID/overview --https://plecoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/890815/overview ]] data.speciesfile = { citationArgs = { website = " Species File", --publisher = "", }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5,db", --baseURL = "https://" .. firstToUpper(templateArgs['db'] ) .. ".speciesfile.org/", --searchStr = "otus/", -- defaultSuffix = "/overview", --defaultTitle= " Species File" } } data.speciesfile.id = function(id) -- e.g. https://plecoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/890815/overview local db = data.speciesfile.db() -- customise for speciesfile local title = firstToUpper(db) .. " Species File id&#61;" .. id -- use entity &#61; for = to avoid missing pipe CS1 warning --local url = data.speciesfile.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.speciesfile.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id .. data.speciesfile.customArgs['defaultSuffix '] local url = "https://" ..db .. ".speciesfile.org/otus/" .. id .. "/overview" return title, url end data.speciesfile.default = function() local db = data.speciesfile.db () local title = firstToUpper(db) .. " Species File" local url = "https://" ..db .. ".speciesfile.org/" return title, url end data.speciesfile.db = function() local db = string.lower( templateArgs['db'] ) -- templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." if db == "zoraptera" then -- ed: Hopkins, H. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." elseif db == "dermaptera" then -- eds: Hopkins, H., Haas, F. & Deem, L.S. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Johnson"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="K.P." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Smith"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="V.S." elseif db == "plecoptera" then -- (eds) DeWalt RE, Hopkins H, Neu-Becker U, and Stueber G templateArgs['editor-last1']="DeWalt"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="R.E." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="H." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Neu-Becker"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="U." templateArgs['editor-last4']="Stueber"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="G." elseif db == "orthoptera" then --eds: Cigliano, M.M., H. Braun, D.C. Eades & D. Otte. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Cigliano"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="M.M." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Braun"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="H." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Eades"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="D.C." templateArgs['editor-last4']="Otte"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="D." elseif db == "grylloblattodea" then -- ed: Hopkins, H. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." elseif db == "mantophasmatodea" then -- ed: Hopkins, H. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." elseif db == "embioptera" then -- ed: Hopkins, H. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." elseif db == "phasmida" then -- eds: Brock PD, Büscher TH, Baker E. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Brock"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="P.D." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Büscher"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="T.H." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Baker"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="E." elseif db == "mantodea" then -- not updated yet elseif db == "cockroach" then -- ed: Beccaloni, G.W. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Beccaloni"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="G.W." elseif db == "isoptera" then -- ed: Hopkins, H. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." elseif db == "psocodea" then --eds: Hopkins, H., Johnson, K.P., & Smith, V.S. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Johnson"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="K.P." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Smith"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="V.S." elseif db == "aphid" then -- ed: Colin FAVRET templateArgs['editor-last1']="Favret"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="Colin" elseif db == "coleorrhyncha" then -- ed: Hopkins, H. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H." elseif db == "coreoidea" then -- not updated yet elseif db == "lygaeoidea" then -- eds: Dellapé, Pablo M. & Thomas J. Henry templateArgs['editor-last1']="Dellapé"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="Pablo M." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Henry"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="Thomas J." elseif db == "hoppers" then -- eds: Dmitriev, D.A., Anufriev, G.A., Bartlett, C.R., Blanco-Rodríguez, E., Borodin, Oleg I., Cao, Y.-H., Deitz, L.L., Dietrich, C.H., Dmitrieva, M.O., El-Sonbati, S.A., Evangelista de Souza, O., Gjonov, I.V., Gonçalves, A.C., Hendrix, S., McKamey, S., Kohler, M., Kunz, G., Malenovský, I., Morris, B.O., Novoselova, M., Pinedo-Escatel, J.A., Rakitov, R.A., Rothschild, M.J., Sanborn, A.F., Takiya, D.M., Wallace, M.S., Zahniser, J.N. templateArgs['editor-last1']="Dmitriev"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="D.A." templateArgs['editor-last2']="Anufriev"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="G.A." templateArgs['editor-last3']="Bartlett"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="C.R." templateArgs['display-editors']="etal"; -- full list is about 28 names else --return "Species File database not recognised" end if db == "hoppers" then data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website'] = "World Auchenorrhyncha Database" else data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website'] = firstToUpper(db) .. data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website'] end return db end --[[ WaspWeb and FigWeb WaspWeb: https://www.waspweb.org/Chalcidoidea/Neodiparidae/index.htm Web authors Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum) Citation: van Noort, S. 2025. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>). FigWeb Web authors Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum) and Jean-Yves Rasplus (INRA, France) Citation: van Noort, S. & Rasplus, JY. 2025. Figweb: figs and fig wasps of the world. URL: www.figweb.org(Accessed on <day-month-year>). ]] data.waspweb = { citationArgs = { website = "WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World", ['last1'] = "van Noort", ['first1'] = "Simon", publisher = "[[Iziko South African Museum]]", }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5", baseURL = "https://www.waspweb.org/", suffixStr = "Classification/index.htm", defaultTitle="Classification of World Hymenoptera (Wasps, Bees, Ants)", -- } } data.waspweb.default = function(title, url) -- https://www.waspweb.org/Chalcidoidea/Neodiparidae/index.htm local title = data.waspweb.customArgs['defaultTitle'] local url = data.waspweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.waspweb.customArgs['suffixStr'] return title, url end data.figweb = { citationArgs = { website = "FigWeb", ['last1'] = "van Noort", ['first1'] = "Simon", ['last2'] = "Rasplus", ['first2'] = "Jean-Yves", publisher = "[[Iziko South African Museum]]", }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5", baseURL = "https://www.figweb.org/Fig_wasps/", suffixStr = "Classification/index.htm", defaultTitle="Classification of fig wasps" } } data.figweb.default = function(title, url) -- https://www.figweb.org/Fig_wasps/Agaonidae/Agaoninae/index.htm local title = data.figweb.customArgs['defaultTitle'] local url = data.figweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.figweb.customArgs['suffixStr'] return title, url end --[[ Lepindex ]] data.lepindex = { citationArgs = { website = "[[The Global Lepidoptera Names Index]]", ['editor-last1'] = "Beccaloni", ['editor-first1'] = "George", ['editor-last2'] = "Scoble", ['editor-first2'] = "Malcolm", ['editor-last3'] = "Kitching", ['editor-first3'] = "Ian", ['editor-last4'] = "Simonsen", ['editor-first4'] = "Thomas", ['editor-last5'] = "Robinson", ['editor-first5'] = "Gaden", ['editor-last6'] = "Pitkin", ['editor-first6'] = "Brian", ['editor-last7'] = "Hine", ['editor-first7'] = "Adrian", ['editor-last8'] = "Lyal", ['editor-first8'] = "Chris", publisher = "[[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]]", }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5", baseURL = "https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/lepindex/", suffixStr = "detail/?taxonno=", defaultTitle="Lepindex" } } data.lepindex.id = function(id) -- https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/lepindex/detail/?taxonno=51506 local title = "Lepindex id=" .. id local url = data.lepindex.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.lepindex.customArgs['suffixStr'] .. id return title, url end --[[ Global Lepidoptra Index ]] data.gli = { --Beccaloni, G., Scoble, M., Kitching, I., Simonsen, T., Robinson, G., Pitkin, B., Hine, A., Lyal, C., Ollerenshaw, J., Wing, P., & Hobern, D. (2024). Global Lepidoptera Index (D. Hobern, Ed.; 1.1.24.171). citationArgs = { website = "Global Lepidoptera Index", ['last1'] = "Beccaloni", ['first1'] = "George", ['last2'] = "Scoble", ['first2'] = "Malcolm", ['last3'] = "Kitching", ['first3'] = "Ian", ['last4'] = "Simonsen", ['first4'] = "Thomas", ['last5'] = "Robinson", ['first5'] = "Gaden", ['last6'] = "Pitkin", ['first6'] = "Brian", ['last7'] = "Hine", ['first7'] = "Adrian", ['last8'] = "Lyal", ['first8'] = "Chris", ['last9'] = "Ollerenshaw", ['first9'] = "Justin", ['last10'] = "Wing", ['first10'] = "Peter", ['last11'] = "Hobern", ['first11'] = "Donald", ['editor-last'] = "Hobern", ['editor-first'] = "Donald", publisher = "[[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]]", via = "ChecklistBank", }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5", baseURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/", suffixStr = "taxon/", defaultTitle="Global Lepidoptera Index", defaultURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/about", } } data.gli.id = function(id) -- https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/taxon/233256 -- https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/DATASET_ID/taxon/TAXON_ID -- the dataset ID will change with version so need version handling or just use URL local title = "GLI id=" .. id local url = data.gli.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.gli.customArgs['suffixStr'] .. id return title, url end data.gli.default2 = function() local title = "" local url = "" return title, url end --[[ CarabCat - Ground Beetles of the World https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/1146/taxon/208583 ]] data.carabcat = { citationArgs = { work = "CarabCat", ['last'] = "Lorenz", ['first'] = "Wolfgang", publisher = "ChecklistBank", version = "03 (08/2021)", year = 2021 }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5", baseURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/1146/", searchStr = "taxon/", defaultTitle="CarabCat" } } data.carabcat.id = function(id) local title = "CarabCat on ChecklistBank id=" .. id local url = data.carabcat.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.carabcat.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end --[[ World Scarabaeidae Database (ed. Paul Schoolmeester): https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/1027/classification https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/1027/taxon/18-.00-.00-.00-.000-.000-.000-.- ]] data.scarabs = { citationArgs = { work = "World Scarabaeidae Database", ['last'] = "Schoolmeester", ['first'] = "Paul", publisher = "ChecklistBank", --version = "2026-09-01" -- don't default this }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5", baseURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/1027/", searchStr = "taxon/", defaultTitle="World Scarabaeidae Database" } } data.scarabs.id = function(id) local title = "Scarabs on ChecklistBank id=" .. id local url = data.scarabs.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.scarabs.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end --[[ ITIS - Integrated Taxonomic Information System https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=95601#null ]] data.itis = { citationArgs = { website = "[[Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]", --publisher = "", }, customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5", baseURL = "https://www.itis.gov/", searchStr = "servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=", defaultTitle="Integrated Taxonomic Information System" } } data.itis.id = function(id) local title = "ITIS id=" .. id local url = data.itis.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.itis.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end --[[ Catalogue of Life: Roskov Y., Ower G., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., van Nieukerken E.J., Penev L. (eds.) (2020). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2020-12-01. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2020-12-01. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858. ]] data.col = { db = "col", -- need rethink this citationArgs = { --author = "Catalogue of Life", --['editor-last1'] = "Roskov", ['editor-first1'] = "Y.", ['editor-last2'] = "Ower", ['editor-first2'] = "G.", ['editor-last3'] = "Orrell", ['editor-first3'] = "T.", ['editor-last4'] = "Nicolson", ['editor-first4'] = "D.", ['editor-last5'] = "Bailly", ['editor-first5'] = "N.", ['editor-last6'] = "Kirk", ['editor-first6'] = "P.M.", ['editor-last7'] = "Bourgoin", ['editor-first7'] = "T.", ['editor-last8'] = "DeWalt", ['editor-first8'] = "R.E.", ['editor-last9'] = "Decock", ['editor-first9'] = "W.", ['editor-last10'] = "van Nieukerken", ['editor-first10'] = "E.J.", ['editor-last11'] = "Penev", ['editor-first11'] = "L.", --website = "[[Catalogue of Life]]", --website = "[[Catalogue of Life|Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life]]", -- website = "[[Species 2000]] & [[ITIS]] [[Catalogue of Life]]", website = "[[Catalogue of Life]]", publisher = "[[Species 2000]]: Leiden, the Netherlands", --others = "Species 2000 & ITIS" }, customArgs = {exclude="id,db,1,2,3,4,5,legacy,option", baseURL = "https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/", searchStr = "browse?taxonKey=", defaultTitle="Catalogue of Life" } } data.col.id = function(id) --[[ Catalogue of Life browse option: https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/browse?taxonKey=4JQ8 use id for taxoKey taxon option https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6HR5M ]] local title = "Catalogue of Life taxonKey " .. id local url = data.col.customArgs['baseURL'] -- some new CoL are numbers e.g. 64553 in https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/64553 if not tonumber(id) and string.find( id, "^[0-9abcdef]+$" ) then -- if old-style id local year = "2019" -- last old-style version available if templateArgs['version'] and string.find( templateArgs['version'], "^%d%d%d%d$" ) then --if version specied year = templateArgs['version'] end if templateArgs['option'] == "browse" then url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/" .. year .. "/browse/tree/id/" .. id else -- default to option=taxon url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/" .. year .. "/details/species/id/" .. id end else -- else use current version if templateArgs['option'] == "browse" then url = url .. "browse?taxonKey=" .. id else -- default to option=taxon url = url .. "taxon/" .. id end end return title, url end --[[ current links https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" Chinchilla+chinchilla&type=EXACT legacy links with redirect Species pages: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/12dca9c49741815f82400bb7bff50553 Species searches: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/all/key/Dracula+antonii/ old-style links http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24 http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/scientific/genus/Chinchilla/species/chinchilla/match/1/ http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197 year specific links 2019 http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/details/species/id/7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24 http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Chinchilla+chinchilla/fossil/1/match/1 http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/scientific/genus/Chinchilla/species/chinchilla/match/1/ ? http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2016/browse/tree?6d600f4985f19b1207d41d847424edd0 ? http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197 browse http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197 ]] data.col.default = function(mode) -- this handles the old style template with positional parameters (mode unused?) local para1 = templateArgs[2] local para2 = templateArgs[3] local para3 = templateArgs[4] local para4 = templateArgs[5] if para1 then para1 = mw.text.trim(para1) end if para2 then para2 = mw.text.trim(para2) end if para3 then para3 = mw.text.trim(para3) end if para4 then para4 = mw.text.trim(para4) end local title, url if para1 then --local match = "7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24" local match = "^[0-9abcdef]+$" if string.find( para1, match ) then url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/" .. para1 -- ""Old style id" --url ="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" .. para1 if para2 then title = para2 else title = "Oldstyle id: " .. para1 end else --https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" Chinchilla+chinchilla&type=EXACT if para1 ~= "" then url = "https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" .. para1 title = "''" .. para1 if para2 then url = url .. "+" .. para2 title = title .. " " .. para2 end url = url .. "&type=EXACT" title = title .. "''" end end if para3 then title = title .. " " .. para3 end -- add authority if para4 == "nv" then templateArgs['trans-title'] = "synonym" end -- if nv add [synonym]. Note that this parameter is not used to add COinS metadata else -- no parameter 1 end return title, url end --====================== Fossilworks ======================================= data.fossilworks = { citationArgs = { website="[[Fossilworks]]", agency="Gateway to the [[Paleobiology Database]]", --publisher="Paleobiology Database", --postscript = 'none', -- postscript = "&#32;from the [[Paleobiology Database]].", -- gives maintenance warning --via="''fossilworks.org''" -- an alternative format to using |website= }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,collection,1", baseURL = "http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/", searchStr ="bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=", defaultTitle = "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.fossilworks.id = function(id) --[[ http://fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=83087 if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end local searchStr = "bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=" .. templateArgs['id'] templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr ]] local title = "PaleoDB taxon number: " .. id local url = data.fossilworks.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.fossilworks.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.fossilworks.collection = function(collection) -- http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=20072 local title = "PaleoDB collection number: " .. collection local url = data.fossilworks.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=" .. collection return title, url end data.fossilworks.error = function() return "Requires id and title parameters" end --====================== Paleobiology Database: paleobiodb.org ======================================= data.paleobiodb = { citationArgs = { website="[[Paleobiology Database]]" }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,collection,1", baseURL = "https://paleobiodb.org/classic/", searchStr ="basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=", defaultTitle = "Paleobiology Database" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.paleobiodb.id = function(id) --[[ https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=22786 if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end ]] local title = "PaleoDB taxon number: " .. id local url = data.paleobiodb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.paleobiodb.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.paleobiodb.collection = function(collection) -- https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=24193 local title = "PaleoDB collection number: " .. collection local url = data.paleobiodb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=" .. collection return title, url end data.paleobiodb.error = function() return "Requires id and title parameters" end --======================================= PLANTS ========================= --[[ Plant authorities can end in a period. This is stripped by the citation templates. This function encloses titles ending in such authorities in double parentheses, i.e. ((title)) ]] local addAuthority = function(formattedTaxonName) if templateArgs['authority'] then local title = formattedTaxonName .. " " .. templateArgs['authority'] return string.gsub( title, "(.*%.)$", "((%1))") -- if authority ends in "." enclose ((title)) to prevent removal end return formattedTaxonName end --[[ Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2020): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version x.xx; last update xx.xx.xxxx. - www.worldplants.de. Last accessed dd/mm/yyyy. https://www.worldplants.de/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list#1599996425 Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2020): World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. Version x.xx; last update xx.xx.xxxx. - www.worldplants.de/ferns/. Last accessed dd/mm/yyyy. https://www.worldplants.de/world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list#1599997555 deeplinks: Genus: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Helosciadium-Koch ''Helosciadium''] Species: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Helosciadium-longipedunculatum ''Helosciadium longipedunculatum''] Genus: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Lycopodium-L. ''Lycopodium''] Species: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Lycopodium-clavatum ''Lycopodium clavatum''] --]] data.worldplants = { citationArgs = { last1 = "Hassler", first1 = "Michael", website="World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora.", --publisher="" }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1", baseURL = "https://www.worldplants.de", searchStr ="/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list#", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "World Plants" } } data.worldplants.genus = function(genus) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''") local genusString = genus if templateArgs['authority'] then genusString = genus .. "-" .. templateArgs['authority'] end local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. genusString return title, url end data.worldplants.species = function(genus, species) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. genus .. "-" .. species .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "") return title, url end --[[ experimental, don't leave live data.worldplants.taxon = function(taxon) local title = taxon .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "") local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. taxon return title, url end data.worldplants.family = function(family) local title = family .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "") local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. family return title, url end --]] data.worldferns = { citationArgs = { last1 = "Hassler", first1 = "Michael", website="World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora.", --publisher="" }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1", baseURL = "https://www.worldplants.de/", searchStr ="world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list?name=", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "World Ferns" } } data.worldferns.genus = function(genus) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''") local genusString = genus if templateArgs['authority'] then genusString = genus .. "-" .. templateArgs['authority'] end local url = data.worldferns.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.worldferns.customArgs['searchStr'] .. genusString return title, url end data.worldferns.species = function(genus, species) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") local url = data.worldferns.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.worldferns.customArgs['searchStr'] .. genus .. "-" .. species .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "") return title, url end --[[Plants of the World online http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2 -- use id http://powo.science.kew.org/?q=Selaginellaceae -- use search http://powo.science.kew.org/?family=Selaginellaceae -- can also use family= [gets same result as q=] http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago -- or genus http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&species=abietina -- or genus + species http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=accepted_names -- filter for accepted names http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=genus_f -- filter for genus (no species selected) http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=genus_f%2Caccepted_names -- filter for genus and accepted names http://powo.science.kew.org/?page.size=480&f=family_f%2Caccepted_names -- list of accepted families -- all these searches get the search result (no apparent way to target the article when unique) ]] data.POWO = { citationArgs = { website="[[Plants of the World Online]]", publisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1", baseURL = "http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/", searchStr ="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Plants of the World Online" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } --[[ http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2 ]] data.POWO.id = function(id) local id = data.POWO.getValidID() if not id then return data.POWO.error() end local title = id -- as default value local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.POWO.family = function(family) local title = addAuthority(family) local id = templateArgs['id'] if not id then return data.POWO.error() end local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.POWO.genus = function(genus) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''") local id = data.POWO.getValidID() if not id then return data.POWO.error() end local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.POWO.species = function(genus,species) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") local id = data.POWO.getValidID() if not id then return data.POWO.error() end local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] ..id return title, url end data.POWO.getValidID = function() local id = templateArgs['id'] if id then return string.gsub( id, "urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:", "") -- don't want this twice end return nil end data.POWO.error = function() return '<span style="color:red">Requires id and one of title, family, genus or species parameters</span>' end --[[Gouda, E.J., Butcher, D. & Gouda, C.S. (cont.updated) Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads, Version 4. http://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/ Utrecht University Botanic Gardens ]] data.bromeliad = { citationArgs = { last1="Gouda", first1="E.J.", last2="Butcher", first2="D.", last3="Gouda", first3="C.S", website="[[Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads]]", version="Version 4", publisher="Utrecht University Botanic Gardens", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,list,1", baseURL = "https://bromeliad.nl/", searchStr ="encyclopedia/index.php?find=", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads, Version 4" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } --[[ https://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/index.php?find=Hylaeaicum ]] data.bromeliad.search = function(search) local title = search -- as default value local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.bromeliad.customArgs['searchStr'] .. search return title, url end --[[ http://bromeliad.nl/species/Bromeliaceae ]] data.bromeliad.taxon = function(taxon) local title = addAuthority(taxon) -- as default value local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. taxon return title, url end --[[ genus ]] data.bromeliad.genus = function(genus) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''") -- as default value local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. genus if templateArgs['list'] == "species" then url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showSpeciesIndex&name=" .. genus .. "&flags=" end return title, url end --[[ ]] data.bromeliad.species = function(genus, species) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") -- as default value local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. genus .. "/" .. species return title, url end --[[ https://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showTaxon&id=10093 ]] data.bromeliad.id = function(id) local title = id -- as default value local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showTaxon&id=" .. id return title, url end --[[GRIN Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2021. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=tribe&id=1571. Accessed 27 October 2021. Family record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?id=440 Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=440&type=family Subfamily record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=subfamily&id=1507 Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=3265&type=subfamily Tribe record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=tribe&id=1551 (Millettieae) Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=1551&type=tribe Subtribe record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=subtribe&id=1507 Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=1507&type=subtribe Genus record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=191 (Genus Adenodolichos Harms) Species list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyspecieslist?id=191&type=genus Species record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=489203 ( Adenodolichos paniculatus) ]] data.GRIN = { citationArgs = { website="[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] (GRIN)", publisher="[[Agricultural Research Service]] (ARS), [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1", baseURL = "https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal", searchStr ="/taxon/taxonomydetail?", -- for species record defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "GRIN-Global" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.GRIN.id = function(id) local title = data.GRIN.customArgs['defaultTitle'] .. ' ' .. id local url = data.GRIN.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.GRIN.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end --[[ USDA PLANTS default search page: https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/ taxon: https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/RUID (Rubus idaeus L., American red raspberry) ]] data.PLANTS = { citationArgs = { --last = "[[Natural Resources Conservation Service|NRCS]]", website="PLANTS Database", --publisher="[[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)", publisher="[[Natural Resources Conservation Service|USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service]]", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,1", baseURL = "https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/", searchStr ="plant-profile/", -- for species profile defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Plants Database" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.PLANTS.id = function(id) local title = data.PLANTS.customArgs['defaultTitle'] .. ' ' .. id local url = data.PLANTS.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.PLANTS.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end -- IPNI --→ "Meconopsis Vig." International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. --- https://www.ipni.org/n/30149252-2 --- as {{IPNI |id=30149252-2 |taxon=((Meconopsis |authority=Vig.))}} data.IPNI = { citationArgs = { website="[[International Plant Names Index]] (IPNI)", publisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1", baseURL = "https://www.ipni.org", searchStr ="/n/", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "IPNI" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.IPNI.id = function(id) local title = id local url = data.IPNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.IPNI.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.IPNI.species = function(genus, species) return data.IPNI.taxon(genus .. " " .. species, "TITLE_ITALICS") end data.IPNI.genus = function(genus) return data.IPNI.taxon(genus, "TITLE_ITALICS") end data.IPNI.taxon = function(taxon, italics) local title = taxon if italics then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end title = addAuthority(title) --[[ if templateArgs['authority'] then title = title .. " " .. templateArgs['authority'] title = string.gsub( title, "(.*%.)$", "((%1))") -- if authority ends in "." enclose ((title)) to prevent removal end ]] local url = data.IPNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.IPNI.customArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id'] return title, url end --[[World Flora Online http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000012284 -- id ]] data.WFO = { citationArgs = { website="[[World Flora Online]]", --publisher="Missouri Botanical Gardens", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,family,genus,species,authority,1", baseURL = "http://www.worldfloraonline.org", searchStr ="/taxon/wfo-", -- not strictly search string defaultSuffix = "", --defaultTitle = "World Flora Online" defaultTitle = "An Online Flora of All Known Plants" } } data.WFO.getValidID = function() local id = templateArgs['id'] if id then return string.gsub( id, "wfo%-", "") -- don't want this twice (must escape -) end mw.addWarning("Citations for WFO require a valid ID") return "" end data.WFO.id = function(id) --[[ http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000012284 ]] id = data.WFO.getValidID() local title = id local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.WFO.family = function(family) local title = addAuthority(family) local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. data.WFO.getValidID() return title, url end data.WFO.genus = function(genus) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''") local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. data.WFO.getValidID() return title, url end data.WFO.species = function(genus,species) local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] ..data.WFO.getValidID() return title, url end data.WFO.error = function() return "Requires id and title parameters" end data.Tropicos = { citationArgs = { website="[[Tropicos]]", --publisher="Missouri Botanical Gardens", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,1", baseURL = "http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/", searchStr ="", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Tropicos" } } data.Tropicos.id = function(id) --[[ hhttp://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/100444532 ]] local title = id local url = data.Tropicos.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.Tropicos.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.Tropicos.error = function() return "Requires id and title parameters" end data.FNA = { citationArgs = { website="[[Flora of North America]]", --publisher="http://www.efloras.org", --postscript = 'none', }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,1", baseURL = "http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx", searchStr ="?flora_id=1&taxon_id=", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Flora of North America" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.FNA.id = function(id) --[[ http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=125683 ]] local title = id local url = data.FNA.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.FNA.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.FNA.error = function() return "Requires id and title parameters" end -- Australian Plant Name Index (APNI) data.APNI = { citationArgs = { website="[[Australian Plant Name Index]]", publisher="[[Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research]]", -- IBIS database --version = "Edition 8", }, customArgs = { exclude = "name, qid, authority, genus, species,authority, id,1", baseURL = "https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/", searchURL = "https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/search/names?product=APNI&tree.id=&name=", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "APNI" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.APNI.id = function(id) local title = addAuthority( templateArgs['taxon'] ) local url = data.APNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. id return title, url end data.APNI.taxon = function(taxon) local title = addAuthority( taxon ) local url = data.APNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. templateArgs['id'] return title, url end -- SEARCH --https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/search/names?product=APNI&tree.id=&name=ficus --https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/search/names?product=APNI&tree.id=&name=ficus&inc._scientific=&inc.scientific=on&inc._cultivar=&inc._other=&max=100&display=apni&search=true data.APNI.search = function(taxon) local title = addAuthority( taxon ) local url = data.APNI.customArgs['searchURL'] .. taxon:gsub(" ","+") return title, url end -- ATRP: Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants data.ATRP = { citationArgs = { website="[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]]", publisher="[[Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation]] (CSIRO)", version = "Edition 8", year = 2020, --postscript = 'none', last1= "Zich", first1="F. A.", last2= "Hyland", first2= "B. P. M.", ['author2-link']="Bernard Hyland", last3= "Whiffin", first3= "T.", last4= "Kerrigan", first4= "R.A.", --['display-authors']=3, }, customArgs = { exclude = "genus, species,authority, id,1", baseURL = "https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest", searchStr ="/text/entities/", defaultSuffix = ".htm", defaultTitle = "[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]]" } --id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url) } data.ATRP.species = function(genus,species) --[[ https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/buckinghamia_celsissima.htm ]] local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") --"''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''" local url = data.ATRP.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.ATRP.customArgs['searchStr'] .. genus .. "_" .. species .. data.ATRP.customArgs['defaultSuffix'] return title, url end data.ATRP.error = function() return "Requires genus and species parameters" end --[[ ============================= Bryonames (Mosses etc) The Bryophyte Nomenclator ================================================= https://www.bryonames.org/nomenclator?group=Bryidae&group_id=35210272 (A Classification of the Bryidae) https://www.bryonames.org/nomenclator?group=Hedwigiales (A Classification of the Hedwigiale) https://www.bryonames.org/nomenclator?group=Rhacocarpus (A synopsis of Rhacocarpus) --]] data.bryonames = { citationArgs = { ['editor1-first']="John C.", ['editor1-last']="Brinda", ['editor2-first']="John J.", ['editor2-last']="Atwood", website="The Bryophyte Nomenclator" --publisher="[[xxx]]" }, customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://www.bryonames.org/", searchString = "nomenclator?group=", defaultTitle="Classification of the Bryophyta" } } data.bryonames.genus = function(genus) return data.bryonames.taxon(genus, "GENUS") end data.bryonames.family = function(family) return data.bryonames.taxon(family, "FAMILY") end data.bryonames.order = function(order) return data.bryonames.taxon(order, "ORDER") end data.bryonames.taxon = function(taxon, rank) taxon = firstToUpper(taxon) local title = "A Classification of the " .. taxon -- default title for suprafamilia taxa local url = data.bryonames.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.bryonames.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon -- url if rank == "GENUS" then taxon = "''" .. taxon .. "''" end -- italicise genus if rank == "GENUS" or rank == "FAMILY" then title = "A synopsis of " .. taxon end -- title for genus and familiees return title, url end -- ============================= Mosses (Goffinet's site) ================================================= -- https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#Hypnanae -- https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#Bryales data.goffinet = { citationArgs = { first1="B.", last1="Goffinet", first2="W.R.", last2="Buck", website="Classification of extant moss genera" --publisher="[[xxx]]" }, customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1", baseURL = "https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/", searchString = "#", searchSuffix = "", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle="Classification of the Bryophyta" } } data.goffinet.genus = function(genus) return data.goffinet.taxon(genus, "GENUS") end data.goffinet.family = function(family) return data.goffinet.taxon(family, "FAMILY") end data.goffinet.order = function(order) return data.goffinet.taxon(order, "ORDER") end data.goffinet.taxon = function(taxon, rank) local title = firstToUpper(taxon) if rank == "GENUS" then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end if not (rank == "GENUS" or rank == "FAMILY") then -- upper case anchors for orders and above if taxon ~= "Bryanae" and taxon ~= "Hypnanae" and taxon ~= "Bryales" and taxon ~= "Bryidae" then -- check for exceptions (inconsistencies at website) taxon = taxon:upper() end end local url = data.goffinet.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.goffinet.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon .. data.goffinet.customArgs['searchSuffix'] return title, url end --[[ AlgaeBase (old) taxonomy browser url (Volvox) = https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=6898 taxonomy browser url (Volvox) = https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?#6898 genus article url (Volvox) = https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43497 (different id) genus article url (Torodinium)= https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=44698 Please cite this record as: M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2020. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 10 May 2020. ]] data.AlgaeBase = { citationArgs = { website="[[AlgaeBase]]", ['editor1-last']="Guiry", ['editor1-first']="M.D.", ['editor2-last']="Guiry", ['editor2-first']="G.M.", publisher="National University of Ireland, Galway", }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,1,genus_id,species_id,spid,genid", baseURL = "https://www.algaebase.org/", --searchStr ="browse/taxonomy/?id=", (old) searchStr ="browse/taxonomy/?#", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "AlgaeBase" } } data.AlgaeBase.id = function(id) --[[ https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=6898 (id for taxonomy page) ]] local title = id local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.AlgaeBase.genid = function(genid) --[[ https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43497 (different id for genus page) ]] local title = genid local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "search/genus/detail/?genus_id=" .. genid return title, url end data.AlgaeBase.spid = function(spid) --[[ https://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=52713 (id for species page) ]] local title = spid local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "search/species/detail/?species_id=" .. spid return title, url end data.AlgaeBase.error = function() return "Requires id and title parameters" end --[[================= Bacteria (LPSN) ========= -- LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ]] data.lpsn = { citationArgs = { website="LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature", --['editor1-last']="xx", ['editor1-first']="xx", --['editor2-last']="xx", ['editor2-first']="xx", publisher="Leibniz Institute DSMZ", }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,1,rank", baseURL = "https://lpsn.dsmz.de/", searchStr ="", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature" } } data.lpsn.id = function(id) -- https://lpsn.dsmz.de/taxon/25894 local title = "IPSN Record Number: " .. id local url = data.lpsn.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'taxon/' .. id return title, url end data.lpsn.taxon = function(taxon) --[[ general form: https://lpsn.dsmz.de/RANK/TAXON_NAME e.g. https://lpsn.dsmz.de/phylum/cyanobacteriota (for phyla) https://lpsn.dsmz.de/class/cyanophyceae (for classes) use title and url parameters ]] local title = taxon local rank =templateArgs['rank'] local url if rank then url = data.lpsn.customArgs['baseURL'] .. rank .. '/' .. taxon end return title, url end --================= Viruses ========= data.ictv = { citationArgs = { website="ictv.global", --['editor1-last']="xx", ['editor1-first']="xx", --['editor2-last']="xx", ['editor2-first']="xx", author="International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)", }, customArgs = { exclude = "id,1", baseURL = "https://ictv.global/taxonomy/", searchStr ="taxondetails?taxnode_id=", defaultSuffix = "", defaultTitle = "Taxonomy Browser" } } data.ictv.id = function(id) --[[ https://ictv.global/taxonomy/taxondetails?taxnode_id=202308917&taxon_name=Campanilevirus%20YC (for species Campanilevirus YC) https://ictv.global/taxonomy/taxondetails?taxnode_id=202308917 (also works with just the id) ]] local title = id local url = data.ictv.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.ictv.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id return title, url end data.ictv.error = function() return "Requires id and title parameters" end --############################## General Functions ######################################## local function getArgs (frame, args) local parents = mw.getCurrentFrame():getParent() for k,v in pairs(parents.args) do --check content if v and v ~= "" then args[k]=v --parents.args[k] end end for k,v in pairs(frame.args) do --check content if v and v ~= "" then args[k]=v end end end local function initialise(frame, sourceDB) target=sourceDB templateArgs = sourceDB.citationArgs -- get custom arguments for target (fishbase, cof etc getArgs(frame, templateArgs) -- get template arguments from parent frame and frane local url = (target.customArgs['baseURL'] or "") .. (target.customArgs['defaultSuffix'] or "") local title = target.customArgs['defaultTitle'] or "" return title, url end -- moved up top for scope local function firstToUpper2(str) return (str:gsub("^%l", string.upper)) end -- clear template arguments that won't be recognised by {{cite web}} local function clearCustomArgs() local excludeTable = { 'genus', 'species', 'subspecies', 'family', 'order', 'taxon', 'id', 'search' , 'citation', 1, 2, 3, 4 } -- add defaults ? if target.customArgs['exclude'] then local customTable = mw.text.split (target.customArgs['exclude'] , "%s*,%s*"); for k,v in pairs(customTable) do table.insert (excludeTable, v ) end end for k,v in pairs(excludeTable) do if tonumber (v) then v = tonumber (v) --convert positional parameters (numbers as string) to a number end templateArgs[v]=nil --clear content end end -- function handling the cite web template p.citeWeb = function(frame, title, url) -- set url and title if not provided (template parameters override above) if not templateArgs['url'] and url then templateArgs['url']= url end if not templateArgs['title'] and title then templateArgs['title'] = title end clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web local citeTemplate = 'cite web' -- use Template:Cite web unless specified --if target.citeTemplate then citeTemplate = target.citeTemplate end return frame:expandTemplate{ title = citeTemplate, args = templateArgs } end -- p.CiteBook -- for reasons of consisitency within BioRef/FishRef the title parameter is the section-title of {{cite book}} p.citeBook = function(frame, title, url, chapterParams) -- very much a msw3 function --if (1==1) then return templateArgs['title'] end -- set url and title if not provided (template parameters override above) if not templateArgs['url'] and url then templateArgs['url']= url if target.GoogleBooks then templateArgs['url'] = target.GoogleBooks['baseURL'] .. target.GoogleBooks['id'] .. (target.GoogleBooks['defaultPage'] or "&pg=PP1") end end if not templateArgs['title'] and title then -- templateArgs['title'] = title end if templateArgs['title'] ~= title or templateArgs['taxon-title'] then -- do we have a section title provided templateArgs['section'] = templateArgs['title'] -- chapter/section title passed as title parameter templateArgs['title'] = title -- the work is the book title given in the source data if target.GoogleBooks then templateArgs['section-url'] = target.GoogleBooks['baseURL'] .. target.GoogleBooks['id'] local pageSuffix = target.GoogleBooks['defaultPage'] or "" if templateArgs['page'] or templateArgs['gb-page'] then pageSuffix = "&pg=PT" .. (templateArgs['gb-page'] or templateArgs['page'] ) end local searchStr = "" -- quoted search {{#if:{{{text|{{{dq|}}}}}}|&dq={{urlencode:{{{text|{{{dq|}}}}}}}}}} if templateArgs['q'] then searchStr = "&q=" .. mw.text.encode( templateArgs['q'] ) end -- search #if:{{{keywords|{{{q|}}}}}}|&q={{urlencode:{{{keywords|{{{q|}}}}}}}}}} if templateArgs['dq'] then searchStr = "&dq=" .. mw.text.encode( templateArgs['dq'] ) end templateArgs['section-url'] = templateArgs['section-url'] .. pageSuffix .. searchStr templateArgs['url'] = nil -- no need for second link to google books end -- if the chapter/section is linked, we can link the main book chapter differently if target.customArgs['altTitle'] then -- if we are using a chapter/section, we can wikilink the book title templateArgs['title'] = target.customArgs['altTitle'] -- alternative to allow wikilink elseif target.customArgs['altURL'] then templateArgs['url'] = target.customArgs['altURL'] end end -- end if using supplied title for chapter/section clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web local citeTemplate = 'cite book' -- use Template:Cite web unless specified --if target.citeTemplate then citeTemplate = target.citeTemplate end return frame:expandTemplate{ title = citeTemplate, args = templateArgs } end -- common function for genus and species local function getGenusSpecies() --TODO standardise genus species handling local genus, species, subspecies if (templateArgs['genus'] or templateArgs[2] ) then genus = templateArgs['genus'] or templateArgs[2] genus = firstToUpper(mw.text.trim(genus)) end if (templateArgs['species'] or templateArgs[3] ) then species = templateArgs['species'] or templateArgs[3] species = mw.text.trim(species) end if (templateArgs['subspecies'] or templateArgs[4] ) then subspecies = templateArgs['subspecies'] or templateArgs[4] subspecies = mw.text.trim(subspecies) end return genus, species, subspecies end --#################### MSW3 -- uses cite book p.MSW3 = function(frame) local msw = require('Module:FishRef/MSW') initialise(frame, msw.MSW3) return msw.MSW3.main(frame,templateArgs) end p.MSW3merged = function(frame) local data = require('Module:FishRef/MSW') return p._main(frame, data.MSW3) end p.MSW3_standalone = function(frame) local data = require('Module:FishRef/MSW') initialise(frame, data.MSW3) local url = target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] if templateArgs['title'] and templateArgs['id'] then templateArgs['chapter-url']= url .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id'] templateArgs['chapter'] = templateArgs['title'] templateArgs['title'] = target.CustomArgs['bookTitle'] if templateArgs['page'] then templateArgs['url'] = target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL'] .. templateArgs['page'] else --return "Page number for google books required" end elseif templateArgs['order'] then templateArgs['chapter'] = "Order " .. templateArgs['order'] local chapter = target.chapters[templateArgs['order']] for k,v in pairs(chapter) do -- add chapter specific parameters templateArgs[k] = v end templateArgs['chapter-url']= url .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id'] templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL'] .. templateArgs['page'] if templateArgs['pages'] and templateArgs['page'] then templateArgs['page'] = nil end else -- default output templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL'] .. "1" -- default to book templateArgs['url']= url end -- using cite book clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'cite book', args = templateArgs } end --########################### Functions for access (using invoke) ############################################## --================ Fishbase, Catalog of Fishes (cof) ================ p.fishbase = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fishbase) end p.cof = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.cof) end p.fotw5 = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fotw5) end --=================== ASW6, AmphibiaWeb, ReptileDB p.reptileDB = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.reptileDB) end p.ASW6 = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.ASW6) end p.amphibiaweb = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.amphibiaweb) end --=========== Birds p.HBWa = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.HBWalive) end p.HBWalive = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.HBWalive) end p.IOC = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.IOC) end p.BOW = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.BOW) end --======= Mammals p.asm = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.asm) end --======= Plants p.WFO = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WFO) end p.POWO = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.POWO) end -- MSW3 has custom handling (see above) --=========== Other p.fossilworks = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fossilworks) end p.worms = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WoRMS) end p.WoRMS = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WoRMS) end p.col = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.col) end --fallback = function() return "hello" end --######################################################### p.main = function(frame) local source = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1]) --TODO force to lower case and use lower case for all functions above if source == "MSW3" then return p.MSW3(frame) end if source == "ref" or source == "reference" then source = "Reference" end -- aliases if source == "Reference" then return p.Reference(frame) end if source == "HBWa" then source = "HBWalive" end -- aliases if source == "powo" then source = "POWO" end -- aliases if source == "wfo" then source = "WFO" end -- aliases if source == "IUCN" then source = "iucn" end -- aliases if source == "MDD" then source = "asm" end -- aliases if source == "mdd" then source = "asm" end -- aliases if source == "PBDB" then source = "paleobiodb" end -- aliases --return p[source]['test'] if source == "fishbase" -- unnecessary? or source == "cof" or source == "fotw5" or source == "Fotw5" or source == "reptileDB" or source == "amphibiaweb" or source == "BOW" or source == "ASW6" or source == "asm" or source == "HBWalive" or source == "HBWa" or source == "fossilworks" or source == "WoRMS" or source == "worms" or source == "POWO" or source == "powo" or source == "WFO" or source == "wfo" or source == "AlgaeBase" -- and so on then return p._main(frame,data[source]) else -- -- is there a point in the default if it needs the named object/table? return p._main(frame,data[source]) end end p._main = function(frame, source) --TODO in modular version source will be provided in frame arguments --local source = mw.getCurrentFrame():getParent().args[1] local chapterParams = {} -- used for cite book (only MSW3 at moment) if not source then return error_msg("Error: unrecognised taxonomy source. See [[Template:Cite taxon]] for supported sources.") end local title, url = initialise(frame, source) --taxon related parameters local genus, species, subspecies if source.db ~= "col" then -- col legacy uses positional parameters differently genus, species, subspecies = getGenusSpecies() end local family = templateArgs['family'] local order = templateArgs['order'] local taxon = templateArgs['taxon'] local id = templateArgs['id'] --id related parameters local spid = templateArgs['spid'] or templateArgs['species_id'] local genid = templateArgs['genid'] or templateArgs['genus_id'] local citation = templateArgs['citation'] local collection = templateArgs['collection'] or templateArgs['collection_no'] local search = templateArgs['search'] local mode, value -- the functions if genus and species and source.species then title, url = source.species(genus,species,subspecies) else -- functions with just their own name as parameter if taxon then mode = "taxon"; value = taxon elseif order then mode = "order"; value = order elseif family then mode = "family"; value = family elseif genus then mode = "genus"; value = genus elseif id then mode = "id"; value = id elseif spid then mode = "spid"; value = spid elseif genid then mode = "genid"; value = genid elseif search then mode = "search"; value = search elseif citation then mode = "citation"; value = citation elseif collection then mode = "collection"; value = collection else -- no suitable parameter (use default page) if source.default then title, url, chapterParams = source.default(title, url) end end end if mode then if source[mode] then title, url, chapterParams = source[mode](value) elseif data.default[mode] then title, url, chapterParams = data.default[mode](value, source) else if source.error then return source.error() end -- custom error message return error_msg("Error: parameter not supported for this source" .. " (" .. mode .. ")") end else -- if no mode then use the default title and url set by initialize() end if source.citeTemplate == "Cite book" then return p.citeBook(frame, title, url, chapterParams) end return p.citeWeb(frame, title, url) end -- End the function. p.Reference = function(frame) local refs = require('Module:FishRef/refs') getArgs(frame, templateArgs) if templateArgs[2] then local reference = mw.text.trim(templateArgs[2]) if reference ~= "" and refs[reference] then if templateArgs['pages'] then refs[reference] = refs[reference]:gsub("}}", "|pages="..templateArgs['pages'].."}}") refs[reference] = refs[reference]:gsub("|pages=[^|{}%[%]]*(|[^|{}}%[%]]*|pages=)", "%1") end if templateArgs['reftags'] == "yes" then refs[reference] = '<ref name=' .. templateArgs[2] ..'>' .. refs[reference] .. '</ref>' end if templateArgs['expand'] and templateArgs['expand']=='no' or templateArgs['raw'] then return refs[reference] else return frame:preprocess(refs[reference]) end else return 'Reference not found: "' .. templateArgs[2] .. '"' end end return "Reference parameter missing." end -- End the function. -- All modules end by returning the variable containing its functions to Wikipedia. return p o66080513m62xjfp204i3tdcl1smtve 0 51337 310068 309528 2026-10-06T17:24:29Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20261006sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 310068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dherginta macnaha''' waa dhacdo [[psychology|cilmi nafsiyeyneed]] taas oo ay [[Repetition (rhetorical device)|celcelisku]] keento in eray ama weedh ay si ku meel gaar ah u lumiso [[macnihii]] ay u lahayd dhageystaha,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Verbal Conditioning and Behaviour|last=Das|first=J.P.|publisher=Pergamon Press, Ltd.|year=2014|isbn=9781483156538|location=Oxford|pages=92}}</ref> kaas oo markaas u arka hadalka sidii dhawaaqyo soo noqnoqonaya oo aan macno lahayn. Kormeerid ama falanqeyn dheer (in muddo dheer la eegayo erayga ama weedha) oo beddesha celceliska ayaa sidoo kale soo saarta saameyn la mid ah. == Taariikhda iyo cilmibaarista == Leon Jakobovits James ayaa curiyey odhaahda "semantic satiation" intii uu ku jiray [[Thesis|qoraalkiisa takhasuska ee PhD]] ee 1962 ee [[McGill University]].<ref>{{Cite thesis |type=PhD |url=https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/c821gp587 |title=Effects of Repeated Stimulation on Cognitive Aspects of Behavior: Some Experiments on the Phenomenon of Semantic Satiation |first=Leon. A. |last=Jakobovits |date=April 1962 |access-date=2018-08-13 |publisher=[[McGill University]]}}</ref> Waxaa loo muujiyay inay tahay dhacdo xasiloon oo laga yaabo inay la mid tahay nooc ka mid ah garashada ee [[reactive inhibition]].<ref name=":0" /> Intaas ka hor, odhaahda "verbal satiation" ayaa la isticmaali jiray iyada oo lala kaashanayo erayo muujinaya fikradda daalka maskaxda. Qoraalku wuxuu ku qoray magacyo badan oo ay dadka kale u adeegsadeen dhacdadan: {{bquote|Many other names have been used for what appears to be essentially the same process: inhibition (Herbert, 1824, in Boring, 1950), refractory phase and mental fatigue (Dodge, 1917; 1926a), lapse of meaning (Bassett and Warne, 1919), work decrement (Robinson and Bills, 1926), cortical inhibition (Pavlov, 192?), adaptation (Gibson, 1937), extinction (Hilgard and Marquis, 1940), satiation (Kohler and Wallach, 1940), reactive inhibition (Hull, 1913 {{sic}}), stimulus satiation (Glanzer, 1953), reminiscence (Eysenck, 1956), verbal satiation (Smith and Raygor, 1956), and verbal transformation (Warren, 1961b).|From Leon Jakobovits James, 1962}} James wuxuu soo bandhigay dhowr tijaabo oo muujiyay hawlgalka saamaynta dheregta macnaha ee hawlaha garashada ee kala duwan sida qiiraynta erayada iyo tirooyinka ee si isdaba joog ah loo soo bandhigo waqti gaaban dhexdiis, ku celcelinta afka ee erayada ka dibna u kala saaridda fikrado, ku darista tirooyinka ka dib markii lagu celceliyo si cod dheer ah, iyo turjumaadaha laba-luqadlaha ah ee erayada lagu celceliyay mid ka mid ah labada luqadood. Xaalad kasta, dadka la tijaabinayo waxay ku celcelin lahaayeen eray ama lambar ilaa dhowr ilbiriqsi ah, ka dibna waxay qaban lahaayeen hawsha garashada iyagoo adeegsanaya eraygaas. Waxaa la muujiyay in ku celcelinta erayga ka hor int>**__NOT_FOUND__** da la isticmaalin hawshu ay ka dhigayso hawsha mid xoogaa adag. Sharaxaada dhacdadan ayaa ah in celceliska degdega ahi uu keeno in labada dhaqdhaqaaq ee dareemayaasha iyo muruqyada [[Piaget's theory of cognitive development|sensorimotor]] iyo kicinta neerfayaasha dhexe ay shaqeeyaan si isdaba joog ah.{{Citation needed|date=July 2022}} Tani waxaa la og yahay inay keento caqabad falcelin ah, sidaas awgeedna hoos u dhac ku yimaada xoojinta dhaqdhaqaaqa celcelis kasta. Jakobovits James (1962) wuxuu ugu yeeraa gabagabadan bilowga "neurosemantics tijaabo ah" {{Citation needed|date=July 2022}}. Cilmibaaridaha sii baaray dheregta macnaha waxaa ka mid ah shaqada Pilotti, Antrobus, iyo Duff (1997), oo sheegtay inay suurtogal tahay in meesha ugu muhiimsan ee dhacdadan ay tahay ka hor inta aan la gaarin macnaha halkii ay ka noqon lahayd la qabsiga macnaha.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pilotti|first1=M.|last2=Antrobus|first2=J.S.|last3=Duff|first3=M.|date=1997|title=The effect of presemantic acoustic adaptation on semantic "satiation"|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_memory-cognition_1997-05_25_3/page/305|journal=Memory & Cognition|volume=25|issue=3|pages=305–312|doi=10.3758/BF03211286|pmid=9184482|doi-access=free}}</ref> Sidoo kale waxaa jira tijaabada ay sameeyeen Kouinos et al. (2000), taas oo muujisay in dheregta macnaha aysan ahayn si qasab ah mid ka timaada "faqriga wax soo saarka aragtiyeed."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Advances in Psychology Research, Volume 26|last=Shohov|first=Serge|publisher=Nova Science Publishers, Inc. ^_^|year=2003|isbn=978-1590337981|location=New York|pages=69}}</ref> == Codsiyada == Jakobovits wuxuu xusay dhowr codsi oo suurtagal ah oo dheregta macnaha ah kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin isku-dhafankooda daawaynta [[phobia|cabashada cabsida]] iyada oo loo marayo [[systematic desensitization|dejinta nidaamsan]]. Wuxuu ku dooday in "mabaadi'da ahaan, dheregta macnaha ah ee qalab ahaan loo adeegsado ay tahay inay shaqeyso meel kasta oo hawlaha garashada ee la cayimi karo ay dhexdhexaadiyaan dabeecad qofku rabo inuu beddelo."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED011107.pdf|title=Semantic Satiation and Cognitive Dynamics|last=Jakobovits|first=Leon|date=1966|website=U.S. Department of Education|access-date=October 19, 2018}}</ref> Codsi ayaa sidoo kale la horumariyay si loo yareeyo [[speech anxiety|cabashada hadalka]] ee dadka leh dhibaatooyinka hadalka iyada oo la abuurayo dhereg macne ah iyada oo la adeegsanayo celcelis, sidaas darteed la dhimayo xoojinta shucuurta taban ee kiciya inta lagu jiro hadalka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1966-11392-001|title=Semantic Satiation and Cognitive Dynamics|author=Leon James (formerly Leon A. Jakobovits) University of Illinois}}</ref> Waxaa jira daraasado sidoo kale ku xiray dheregta macnaha [[education|waxbarashada]]. Tusaale ahaan, shaqada Tian iyo Huber (2010) waxay baartay saamaynta dhacdadan ku leedahay barashada erayada iyo akhriska waxtarka leh. Qorayaashu waxay sheegeen in geedi socodkani uu u adeegi karo hab gaar ah oo lagu tijaabiyo dhimista iyada oo la adeegsanayo luminta xiriirka maadaama ay u oggolaanayso kala soocidda "heerka ereyada ee saamaynta heerka macnaha ee hawl ku saleysan macnaha taas oo ku lug leh celceliska erayada."<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tian|first1=Xing|last2=Huber|first2=David E.|date=June 2010|title=Testing an associative account of semantic satiation|journal=Cognitive Psychology|volume=60|issue=4|pages=267–290|doi=10.1016/j.cogpsych.2010.01.003|issn=0010-0285|pmc=2882703|pmid=20156620}}</ref> Dheregta macnaha waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalay qalab lagu helo faham dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan helitaanka luqadda sida daraasaadkaas oo baaray dabeecadda [[multilingualism|luqadaha badan]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Advances in the Study of Societal Multilingualism|last=Fishman|first=Joshua|publisher=Mouton Publishers|year=2014|isbn=9783111684376|location=The Hague|pages=55}}</ref> == Tixraacyo == {{reflist}} == Akhris dheeraad ah == {{refbegin}} * {{cite journal | author=Dodge, R. | title=The laws of relative fatigue | journal=Psychol. Rev. | volume=24 | issue=2 | year=1917 | pages=89–113 | doi=10.1037/h0075549 | url=https://zenodo.org/record/1429173 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Don, V.J. |author2=Weld, H.P. | title=Lapse of meaning with visual fixation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychology_1924-07_35_3/page/446 | journal=[[American Journal of Psychology]] | volume=35 | issue=3 | year=1924 | pages=446–50 | doi=10.2307/1414024 | jstor=1414024 }} * {{cite journal | author=Duncan, C.P. | title=On the similarity between reactive inhibition and neural satiation | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychology_1956-06_69_2/page/227 | journal=American Journal of Psychology | volume=69 | issue=2 | year=1956 | pages=227–35 | doi=10.2307/1418151 | pmid=13327083 | jstor=1418151 }} * {{cite journal | author=Eysenck, H.J. | title=Cortical inhibition, figural after-effect, and theory of personality | journal=Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology | volume=51 | issue=1 | year=1955 | pages=94–106 | doi=10.1037/h0043564 | pmid=13242293 }} * {{Cite thesis | author=Gaynor, Miriam | title=An effect of satiation on recall | degree=PhD | publisher=[[The New School for Social Research|New School for Social Research]] | location=New York | year=1954 }} Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. * {{cite journal |author1=Severance, Elisabeth |author2=Washburn, Margaret | title=The loss of associative power in words after long fixation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychology_1907-04_18_2/page/182 | journal=American Journal of Psychology | volume=18 | issue=2 | year=1907 | pages=182–86 | doi=10.2307/1412411 | jstor=1412411 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Smith, D.E.P. |author2=Raygor, A.L. | title=Verbal satiation and personality | journal=J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol. | volume=52 | issue=3 | year=1956 | pages=323–26 | pmid=13318837 |doi=10.1037/h0041334 }} * {{cite journal | author=Warren, R.M. | title=Illusory changes in repeated words: Differences between young adults and the aged | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychology_1961-12_74_4/page/506 | journal=American Journal of Psychology | volume=74 | issue=4 | year=1961<!--a--> | pages=506–16 | doi=10.2307/1419661 | pmid=14005061 | jstor=1419661 }} * {{cite journal | author=Warren, R.M. | title=Illusory changes of distinct speech upon repetition—the verbal transformation effect | url=https://archive.org/details/british-journal-of-psychology_1961-08_52_3/page/249 | journal=British Journal of Psychology | volume=52 | issue=3 | pages=249–58 | year=1961<!--b--> | doi=10.1111/j.2044-8295.1961.tb00787.x | pmid=13783239 }} * {{cite journal | author=Wertheimer, M. | title=Studies of some Gestalt qualities of words | journal=In Gestalthaftes Sehen: Ergebnisse und Aufgaben der Morphologie | editor=F. Weinhandl | pages=Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft | year=1960 }} * {{cite journal | author=Wertheimer, M. | title=The relation between the sound of a word and its meaning | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychology_1958-06_71_2/page/412 | journal=American Journal of Psychology | volume=71 | issue=2 | year=1958 | pages=412–15 | doi=10.2307/1420089 | jstor=1420089 | pmid=13545417 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Lambert, W.E. |author2=Jakobovits, L.A. | title=Verbal satiation and changes in the intensity of meaning | journal=Journal of Experimental Psychology | volume=60 | issue=6 | pages=376–83 | year=1960 | pmid=13758466 | doi=10.1037/h0045624 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Lambert, W.E. | title=Semantic satiation among bilinguals | journal=Journal of Experimental Psychology | volume=62 | issue=6 | pages=576–82 | year=1961 | pmid=14450947 | doi=10.1037/h0042860 |url=http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112835 |type=Submitted manuscript | doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Lambert, W.E. | title=Semantic satiation in an addition task | journal=Canadian Journal of Psychology | year=1962 | volume=16 | issue=2 | pages=112–19 | doi=10.1037/h0083238 |pmid=14450948 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Lambert, W.E. | title=Mediated satiation in verbal transfer | journal=Journal of Experimental Psychology | volume=64 |issue=4 | pages=346–51 | year=1962 | pmid=14450946 | doi=10.1037/h0044630 }} * {{Cite book |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Lambert, W.E. | chapter=The effects of repetition in communication on meanings and attitudes |editor1=L. Arons |editor2=M.A. May | title=Television and Human Behavior |url=https://archive.org/details/televisionhumanb0000aron_n1i5 | location=New York | publisher=Appleton-Century-Crofts | year=1963 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/televisionhumanb0000aron_n1i5/page/167 167]–76 }} * {{cite journal | author=Messer, S., Jakobovits, L.A., Kanungo, R., and Lambert, W.E. | title=Semantic satiation of words and numbers | url=https://archive.org/details/british-journal-of-psychology_1964-05_55_2/page/155 | journal=British Journal of Psychology | volume=55 | issue=2 | pages=155–63 | year=1964 | pmid=14168480 | doi=10.1111/j.2044-8295.1964.tb02715.x }} * {{cite journal |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Lambert, W.E. | title=Stimulus-characteristics as determinants of semantic changes with repeated presentation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychology_1964-03_77_1/page/84 | journal=American Journal of Psychology | year=1964 | volume=77 | issue=1 | pages=84–92 | doi=10.2307/1419274 | jstor=1419274 | pmid=14133230 }} * {{cite journal | author=Jakobovits, L.A. | title=Semantic satiation in concept formation | journal=Psychological Reports | volume=17 | issue=1 | pages=113–14 | year=1965 | pmid=5826453 | doi=10.2466/pr0.1965.17.1.113 | s2cid=36214432 }} * {{cite journal | author=Jakobovits, L.A. | title= Repetition of auditorily presented information | journal=Psychological Reports | volume=17 | issue=3 | pages=785–86 | year=1965 | pmid=5854255 | doi=10.2466/pr0.1965.17.3.785 | s2cid= 10067885 }} * {{cite journal | author=Jakobovits, L.A. | title=Utilization of semantic satiation in stuttering: A theoretical analysis | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-speech-and-hearing-disorders_1966-05_31_2/page/105 | journal=Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders | volume=31 | issue=2 | year=1966 | pages=105–14 | doi=10.1044/jshd.3102.105 | pmid=5327594 }} * {{cite journal | author=Jakobovits, L.A. | title=Studies of fads: I. The 'Hit Parade.' | journal=Psychological Reports | volume=18 | issue=2 | year=1966 | pages=443–50 | doi=10.2466/pr0.1966.18.2.443 | s2cid=144148539 }} * {{cite journal |author = Jakobovits, L.A. |title = Semantic satiation and cognitive dynamics |journal = Journal of Special Education |volume = 2 |issue = 1 |pages = 35–44 |year = 1967 |doi = 10.1177/002246696700200103 |s2cid = 144805146 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Hogenraad, Robert | title=Some suggestive evidence on the operation of semantic generation and satiation in group discussions | journal=Psychological Reports | volume=20 | issue=3 | pages=1247–50 | year=1967 | doi=10.2466/pr0.1967.20.3c.1247 |s2cid=144297750 }} * {{Cite journal | author=Jakobovits, L.A. | title=Words, words, words | journal=In L. Kuppuswami, Modern Trends in Psychology | year=1967 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Lambert, W.E. | title=A note on the measurement of semantic satiation | journal=Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior | volume=6 | issue=6 | year=1967 | pages=954–57 | doi=10.1016/s0022-5371(67)80165-8 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Jakobovits, L.A. |author2=Hogenraad, Robert | title=Le phénomène de la satiation semantique | journal= Bulletin de Psychologie | volume=22 | year=1968 |issue=273 | pages=140–49 |doi=10.3406/bupsy.1968.9957 }} * {{cite journal |author1=Kounios, John |author2=Kotz, Sonja I. |author3=Holcomb, Philip J. |title=On the Locus of the Semantic Satiation Effect: Evidence from Event-Related Brain Potentials |url=http://neurocog.psy.tufts.edu/papers/semsatMC.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010125084700/http://neurocog.psy.tufts.edu/papers/semsatMC.htm |archive-date=January 25, 2001 |journal=Memory & Cognition |year=2000 |volume=28 |issue=8 |pages=1366–77 |doi=10.3758/BF03211837 |pmid=11219964 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |author1=Zongker, Doug |title=Chicken Chicken Chicken: Chicken Chicken |url=https://improbable.com/airchives/paperair/volume12/v12i5/chicken-12-5.pdf |journal=Annals of Improbable Research |year=2006 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=17–21 }} {{refend}} qc75y0xvsjopsldp9rmqf1bdchsvtj6 0 53399 310070 309951 2026-10-06T17:28:29Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20261006sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 310070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mandurugo''' waa [[Philippine mythical creatures|makhluq khayaali ah]] oo ka yimid [[Philippine folk literature|sheekooyinka dadweynaha Filibiin]], oo la mid ah [[vampire|qof dhiig-cabbane ah]]. Nooc ka mid ah ''[[Aswang]]'' (Filipino [[Shapeshifting|beddelaada foomka]]), Mandurugo waxay u eeg tahay dhiig-cabbane. Caadi ahaan waxay yihiin dumar da'yar oo qurux badan maalintii, laakiin waxay yeeshaan baalal iyo carrab dheer oo fiiqan habeenkii, kuwaas oo ay u isticmaalaan inay ku gooyaan qoorta ninka, ama ay ku mudaan afka gudahiisa iyaga oo dhunkanaya si ay dhiig u helaan. Sheekooyinka, oo caan ku ah kuwa ku hadla [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] iyo [[Bikol languages|Bicol]], waxay leeyihiin kala duwanaansho badan.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=PERTIERRA|first=RAUL|date=1983|title=Viscera-Suckers and Female Sociality: The Philippine Asuang|jstor=42633556|journal=Philippine Studies|volume=31|issue=3|pages=319–337}}</ref> Mararka qaarkood Mandurugo waxay guursataa rag aan waxba ogayn si ay u ugaarsato,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=njDRfG6YVb8C&q=Mandurugo&pg=PA59|title=Encyclopedia of Demons in World Religions and Cultures|last=Bane|first=Theresa|date=2012-01-09|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786488940|language=en}}</ref> ama waxay dooran kartaa hal nin, iyadoo u adeegsanaysa dabool ahaan hawlaheeda dhiig-cabbista, iyadoo u duulaysa tuulooyinka kale si ay u quudato.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ramos|first=Maximo|date=1969|title=The Aswang Syncrasy in Philippine Folklore|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_western-folklore_1969-10_28_4/page/238|jstor=1499218|journal=Western Folklore|volume=28|issue=4|pages=238–248|doi=10.2307/1499218}}</ref> == Halyeeyga == "Gabadha Leh Jacaylka Badan" waa mid ka mid ah sheekooyinka caanka ah. Naag dhalinyaro ah, oo qurux badan ayaa guursatay iyada oo jirta lix iyo toban sano. Ninkeeda, oo lagu sifeeyay dhalinyaro cayilan, ayaa ku dhacay lafo ka yar hal sano gudahood. Kadib markii uu dhinto, haweeneydu waxay guursataa mar labaad iyo mar kale iyada oo la mid ah natiijada, ilaa ay ka gaarto ninkeedii afraad. Ninkii afraad, oo ka baqaya masiirkii la mid ahaa kuwii ka horreeyay, wuxuu ka baqayaa inuu seexdo habeenkii oo wuxuu gacanta ku hayaa mindi. In yar ka dib saqda dhexe, ninku wuxuu dareemayaa wax ka sarreeya ka hor int>**ii** uusan dareemin mudasho qoorta ah. Wuxuu ku dhuftay makhluuqii korkiisa saarnaa wuxuuna maqlay qaylo weyn iyo baalal sacabka ah. Maalinta xigta, xaaskiisa waxaa laga helay iyada oo dhimatay meel aan ka fogeyn guriga iyada oo ay ku taal nabar mindi ah laabteeda.<ref name="Maximo D. Ramos">{{cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=KzSBAAAAMAAJ}}|title=Creatures of Philippine lower mythology|last=Ramos|first=Maximo D.|publisher=Phoenix Pub. House|year=1990}}</ref> == Filimada == Filibiin kadib [[World War II]], [[vampirism]] waxay ahayd mawduuc kulul. [[Roman Catholic Church]] waxay saameyn weyn ku lahayd warshadaha filimada adduunka oo dhan. Filimada sida ''[[The Blood Drinkers|The Vampire People]]'' (1966) waxay ahaayeen badeecada khuraafaadka dhiig-cabbaha iyo dhaqanka ugu weyn.<ref name="Edward Geary Lansdale">{{cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=lqnRt8K4WnQC}}|title=In the Midst of Wars: An American's Mission to Southeast Asia|last=Lansdale|first=Edward Geary|publisher=Fordham Univ Press|year=1991|isbn=978-0-8232-1314-6}}</ref> == Tixraacyada == {{reflist}} azsavuf879mwxzs0kfs52e5avlvphoj 4 53417 310077 2026-10-07T11:23:33Z Isma4l 41797 /* */ 310077 wikitext text/x-wiki Salaan sare asxaabta Waxaan doonayaa inaan codsado in dib loo cusboonaysiiyo xilka Maamule ku-meel-gaar ah sidoo kalena aan codsado xuquuqda Interface Administrator, si aan uga sii qayb qaato ilaalinta iyo horumarinta Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Intii aan ka shaqaynayay Wikipedia, waxaan si joogto ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta bogagga, sixidda khaladaadka iyo la tacaalidda kharribaadda. Waxaa weli jira maqaallo u baahan in si dhow loo ilaaliyo, gaar ahaan kuwa si khaldan wax looga beddelo ama la tirtiro taas oo saameyn karta tayada iyo kalsoonida Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Waxaan sidoo kale jeclaan lahaa inaan sii wado shaqada maamulka iyo horumarinta dhinaca farsamada oo ay ka mid yihiin qalabka maamulka fariimaha nidaamka JavaScript, CSS iyo arrimaha kale ee u baahan in la hagaajiyo ama la cusboonaysiiyo. Xuquuqda Interface Administrator waxay ii fududayn doontaa inaan shaqadan si masuuliyad leh uga qayb qaato. Waxaan rajaynayaa in bulshada Wikipedia Soomaaliga ay iga taageerto codsigan si aan uga wada shaqayno ilaalinta iyo horumarinta Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Mahadsanidiin. [[User:Isma4l|Isma4l]] ([[User talk:Isma4l|wadahadal]]) 11:23, 7 Oktoobar 2026 (UTC) ak5xpcec8hzhwtc3vp8pt8k73hrgrdn 310078 310077 2026-10-07T11:24:34Z Isma4l 41797 310078 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Cosiga maamulka cusboonaysiinta iyo codsiga maamulka Interface== Salaan sare asxaabta Waxaan doonayaa inaan codsado in dib loo cusboonaysiiyo xilka Maamule ku-meel-gaar ah sidoo kalena aan codsado xuquuqda Interface Administrator, si aan uga sii qayb qaato ilaalinta iyo horumarinta Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Intii aan ka shaqaynayay Wikipedia, waxaan si joogto ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta bogagga, sixidda khaladaadka iyo la tacaalidda kharribaadda. Waxaa weli jira maqaallo u baahan in si dhow loo ilaaliyo, gaar ahaan kuwa si khaldan wax looga beddelo ama la tirtiro taas oo saameyn karta tayada iyo kalsoonida Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Waxaan sidoo kale jeclaan lahaa inaan sii wado shaqada maamulka iyo horumarinta dhinaca farsamada oo ay ka mid yihiin qalabka maamulka fariimaha nidaamka JavaScript, CSS iyo arrimaha kale ee u baahan in la hagaajiyo ama la cusboonaysiiyo. Xuquuqda Interface Administrator waxay ii fududayn doontaa inaan shaqadan si masuuliyad leh uga qayb qaato. Waxaan rajaynayaa in bulshada Wikipedia Soomaaliga ay iga taageerto codsigan si aan uga wada shaqayno ilaalinta iyo horumarinta Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Mahadsanidiin. [[User:Isma4l|Isma4l]] ([[User talk:Isma4l|wadahadal]]) 11:23, 7 Oktoobar 2026 (UTC) frn400ehdgavcnng98bm8h7tpcn4tma 310079 310078 2026-10-07T11:24:58Z Isma4l 41797 310079 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Codsiga maamulka cusboonaysiinta iyo codsiga maamulka Interface== Salaan sare asxaabta Waxaan doonayaa inaan codsado in dib loo cusboonaysiiyo xilka Maamule ku-meel-gaar ah sidoo kalena aan codsado xuquuqda Interface Administrator, si aan uga sii qayb qaato ilaalinta iyo horumarinta Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Intii aan ka shaqaynayay Wikipedia, waxaan si joogto ah uga qayb qaatay ilaalinta bogagga, sixidda khaladaadka iyo la tacaalidda kharribaadda. Waxaa weli jira maqaallo u baahan in si dhow loo ilaaliyo, gaar ahaan kuwa si khaldan wax looga beddelo ama la tirtiro taas oo saameyn karta tayada iyo kalsoonida Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Waxaan sidoo kale jeclaan lahaa inaan sii wado shaqada maamulka iyo horumarinta dhinaca farsamada oo ay ka mid yihiin qalabka maamulka fariimaha nidaamka JavaScript, CSS iyo arrimaha kale ee u baahan in la hagaajiyo ama la cusboonaysiiyo. Xuquuqda Interface Administrator waxay ii fududayn doontaa inaan shaqadan si masuuliyad leh uga qayb qaato. Waxaan rajaynayaa in bulshada Wikipedia Soomaaliga ay iga taageerto codsigan si aan uga wada shaqayno ilaalinta iyo horumarinta Wikipedia Soomaaliga. Mahadsanidiin. [[User:Isma4l|Isma4l]] ([[User talk:Isma4l|wadahadal]]) 11:23, 7 Oktoobar 2026 (UTC) hx1vexagih649i6vh3c4e7u8xg3gdb6 10 53418 310083 2026-10-07T11:38:17Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|cof|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> 310083 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|cof|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}|{{{3|}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --> </noinclude> itvzolkvjb1zh41km2pkrd6w56ce9o0 10 53419 310085 2026-10-07T11:41:17Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|{{{1}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> 310085 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|{{{1}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> n33m96lqp1k3lslhyx87s3adcsmqffa 10 53420 310086 2026-10-07T11:41:42Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <noinclude>{{fossilworks |id=83087 |title=''Homo neanderthalensis'' |access-date=15 May 2016 }}</noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|PBDB}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 310086 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{fossilworks |id=83087 |title=''Homo neanderthalensis'' |access-date=15 May 2016 }}</noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|PBDB}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> joi776my7rt58p3h3px6uy1gohuezbm 10 53421 310087 2026-10-07T11:42:14Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <noinclude></noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|WFO}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 310087 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude></noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|WFO}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 8p4exo2qii7nbsba7j9dnahxc3yptwa 10 53422 310088 2026-10-07T11:42:37Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|asm}}</includeonly><noinclude> *{{cite mdd|order=Carnivora|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|family=Felidae|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|genus=Leopardus|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|id=1005993|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|id=1005993|genus=Leopardus |species=colocola|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|genus=Leopardus |species=colocola|access-date=8 December 2023}} [not available yet] {{doc... 310088 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|asm}}</includeonly><noinclude> *{{cite mdd|order=Carnivora|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|family=Felidae|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|genus=Leopardus|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|id=1005993|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|id=1005993|genus=Leopardus |species=colocola|access-date=8 December 2023}} *{{cite mdd|genus=Leopardus |species=colocola|access-date=8 December 2023}} [not available yet] {{documentation}}</noinclude> of4kc7fzdig43e4e4uf8zv6lijs9626 10 53423 310089 2026-10-07T11:43:04Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <noinclude></noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|BOW}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 310089 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude></noinclude><includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|BOW}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 6prsfxw4t3y3cf1zrio8xr5b19bgmxl 10 53424 310090 2026-10-07T11:43:23Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|speciesfile|db={{{1|{{{db|}}}}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 310090 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:Cite taxon|main|speciesfile|db={{{1|{{{db|}}}}}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> 4f0t3jv5iq5i84nj49eg2h0fvweag74 10 53425 310091 2026-10-07T11:43:43Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Cite taxon|main|bryonames}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> 310091 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Cite taxon|main|bryonames}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> 7ushdibafn4xxc941fz3dwtgygcu4w7 10 53426 310092 2026-10-07T11:44:17Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly>{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Cite taxon|main|batnames}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> 310092 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke:Cite taxon|main|batnames}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{Documentation}} <!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage, not here! --></noinclude> hzem2eu6ojl9fjwl9o7c6es2q5so2ut 10 53427 310093 2026-10-07T11:45:27Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: {{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[{{{3}}}|<span style="color:{{{1|black}}}; font-size:{{{size|100}}}%; line-height:{{#expr:100/{{{size|100}}}}};" title="{{title case|{{{description|{{{1}}}}}}}}">{{#switch:{{lc:{{{2}}}}} | c|circle|r|round = ● | d|diamond = ◆ | tu|up|uptriangle = ▲ | td|dn|downtriangle = ▼ | tl|lt|lefttriangle = ◀ | tr|rt|righttriangle = ▶ | #default = ■ }}</span>]]|<span style="color:{{{1|black}}}; font-size:{{{size|100}}}%; line-height:{{#expr:100/{{{... 310093 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[{{{3}}}|<span style="color:{{{1|black}}}; font-size:{{{size|100}}}%; line-height:{{#expr:100/{{{size|100}}}}};" title="{{title case|{{{description|{{{1}}}}}}}}">{{#switch:{{lc:{{{2}}}}} | c|circle|r|round = ● | d|diamond = ◆ | tu|up|uptriangle = ▲ | td|dn|downtriangle = ▼ | tl|lt|lefttriangle = ◀ | tr|rt|righttriangle = ▶ | #default = ■ }}</span>]]|<span style="color:{{{1|black}}}; font-size:{{{size|100}}}%; line-height:{{#expr:100/{{{size|100}}}}};" title="{{title case|{{{description|{{{1}}}}}}}}">{{#switch:{{lc:{{{2}}}}} | c|circle|r|round = ● | d|diamond = ◆ | tu|up|uptriangle = ▲ | td|dn|downtriangle = ▼ | tl|lt|lefttriangle = ◀ | tr|rt|righttriangle = ▶ | #default = ■ }}</span>}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> bcd163fp9vrzc2imdpoyxg9jl5s6hnp 10 53428 310095 2026-10-07T11:46:44Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <span title="{{{2|{{{1|}}}}}}" style="background-color:{{{1|}}}; color:{{{3|#000}}}">{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{replace|{{{2}}}|#|&#35;}}|{{replace|{{{1}}}|#|&#35;}}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> 310095 wikitext text/x-wiki <span title="{{{2|{{{1|}}}}}}" style="background-color:{{{1|}}}; color:{{{3|#000}}}">{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{replace|{{{2}}}|#|&#35;}}|{{replace|{{{1}}}|#|&#35;}}}}</span><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> hjdrlinkzbbejktd5msoqkk7k8zoy1f 10 53429 310096 2026-10-07T11:47:39Z Isma4l 41797 Bog cusub: <includeonly><div style="color:inherit;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-family:{{{font|Lucida Console, monospace}}};{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|1|0}} or {{#if:{{{2|}}}|1|0}} |background:{{#if:{{{2|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|{{{2}}}|{{{1}}}|{{#if:{{{1|}}} |linear-gradient(to top right,{{{1|#eaecf0}}} {{#if:{{{no-diagonal|}}} |48.5%,{{{2|#eaecf0}}} 51.5%|49.5%,#aaa 49.5%,#aaa 50.5%,{{{2|#eaecf0}}} 50.5%}}) |{{{2}}}}}}}|{{{1}}}}};|}}line-height:1;{{#if:{{{far-border|}}}... 310096 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style="color:inherit;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-family:{{{font|Lucida Console, monospace}}};{{#ifexpr:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|1|0}} or {{#if:{{{2|}}}|1|0}} |background:{{#if:{{{2|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|{{{2}}}|{{{1}}}|{{#if:{{{1|}}} |linear-gradient(to top right,{{{1|#eaecf0}}} {{#if:{{{no-diagonal|}}} |48.5%,{{{2|#eaecf0}}} 51.5%|49.5%,#aaa 49.5%,#aaa 50.5%,{{{2|#eaecf0}}} 50.5%}}) |{{{2}}}}}}}|{{{1}}}}};|}}line-height:1;{{#if:{{{far-border|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{far-border|}}}|{{{border|}}}|border:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border|#000}}};|border-top:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border|{{{1|#000}}}}}};border-left:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border|{{{1|#000}}}}}};border-right:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{far-border|#000}}};border-bottom:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{far-border|#000}}};}}|{{#if:{{{border2|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{border2}}}|{{{border|}}}|border:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border|#000}}};|border-top:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border2|#000}}};border-left:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border|{{{1|#000}}}}}};border-right:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border2|#000}}};border-bottom:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border|{{{1|#000}}}}}};}}|{{#if:{{{border|}}} |border:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{border}}};|{{#ifeq:{{{1|}}}|{{{2}}}|border:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{1|#000}}};|{{#if:{{{1|}}} |{{#if:{{{2|}}}|border-top:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{2}}};border-left:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{1|}}};border-right:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid {{{2}}};border-bottom:{{{border-width|0.0625em}}} solid 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style="float:left;margin-left:0.125em;text-align:left;color:{{#if:{{{5|}}} |{{{5}}}|{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{greater color contrast ratio|{{{1}}}|#000|#fff}}|#000}}}};">{{{3|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}}}</div>}} |{{#if:{{{corner|}}} |<div style="margin-left:0em;margin-top:0em;text-align:left;"><span style="color:{{#if:{{{corner-color|}}} |{{{corner-color}}}|{{greater color contrast ratio|{{{corner-background|{{{border|{{greater color contrast ratio|{{{1|{{{2|#fff}}}}}}|#000|#fff}}}}}}}}|#000|#fff}}}};text-align:left;margin-left:0em;padding:0.0625em 0.0625em 0em 0.125em;margin-top:0em;background-color:{{#if:{{{corner-background|{{{border|}}}}}}|{{{corner-background|{{{border|}}}}}}|{{greater color contrast ratio|{{{corner-color|{{{1|{{{2|#fff}}}}}}}}}|#000|#fff}}}};">{{{corner}}}</span><span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.125em;text-align:right;color:{{#if:{{{6|}}}|{{{6}}}|{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{greater color contrast 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