Wikipedia sswiki https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likhasi_Lelikhulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Tinkundla Lelibalulekile Khuluma Bantfu Khuluma nebantfu Wikipedia Khuluma ngeWikipedia Lifayela Khuluma ngelifayela MediaWiki Khuluma ngeMediaWiki iThempleti Khuluma ngethempleti Lusito Khuluma ngelusito Umkhakha Khuluma ngemkhakha TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 6101 42874 40978 2026-09-06T13:03:25Z ~2026-48607-42 10559 /* */ 42874 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Tinongo tenkhulumo:''' a)    Sifaniso -lapho kufaniswa tintfo letimbili noma letengetulu letehlungene kute kutfolakale kufana kwato. Kusetjentiswa takhi tekufanisa njenga, fana-,-nganga-,kuhle,kwe-, Tibonelo ; ·        Utibek’embili njengemvumulo ·        Munhle kuhle kwelilanga liphuma b)    Kumuntfutisa -tintfo letite umphefumulo tentiwe tintfo letinemphefumulo Tibonelo; ·        Licala lembula ingubo lingene ·        Emabondza sekaba netidlebe c)    Sifanisongco-loku kusifaniso kodvwa akusetjentiswa takhi tesifaniso. Tibonelo; ·        Yimvu ngekulunga ·        Akanyonyobi lunwabu d)    Sihabiso- loku kusho noma kuchaza intfo ngedlela leyandzisako Tibonelo; ·        Ngitfole inyoka igcwebe indlu ·        Wasibulala ngelihleko e)    Inhlonipho-loku kusebentisa ligama lelitfokotisako endzaweni yeligama lelibubhungu Tibonelo; ·        Babe umnandzi lamuhle ·        Emakhosi afihlwa eMdzimba f)     Siphukuto-loku sisho lesiphambuke nalesikushoko Tibonelo; ·        Uhlakaniphile ngoba await kutsi emasenti mangaki erandini ·        Uyakwanti kubhala kodvwa akatiphansi tibhalo g)    Silutfo-loku kusho leyontfo lofuna kuyisho ngendlela lesikako noma lehlabako Tibonelo; ·        Likhaya lakhe lempela kusesitebeleni ·        Sitawumbona ngani kutsi muhle nagayaluki h)    Kucatsanisa-loku Kubeka emavi abukane kute kuvele umehluko phakatsi kwawo Tibonelo; ·        Phela umfundisi akamtali umfundisi ·        Ingwe itala umuntfu i)     Sifanisomsindvo-lapho kufaniswa umsindvo lowentiwa ngulenye nje intfo Tibonelo; ·        Musani kuhlikihla tincwadzi tenu nine bafana ·        Bafana baseMgamule batsandza byhhomuhhomu j)     Umbite-lapho kubittwa umuntfu longasekho noma kubitwe intfo lengaphili Tibonelo; ·        Kufa,luphi ludvosi lwakho na? ·        Bhuza,ngivani ngeti ndlebe tami<ref>KJ '''Nkuna''', JJ Thwala - Journal of Social Sciences, 2017</ref> == IMTFOMBO YELWATI == # KJ '''Nkuna''', JJ Thwala - Journal of Social Sciences, 2017 sv71eheimhwwqyocevh8v9uc06b46zz 42875 42874 2026-09-06T13:07:43Z ~2026-48607-42 10559 /* */ 42875 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Tinongo tenkhulumo:''' a)    Sifaniso -lapho kufaniswa tintfo letimbili noma letengetulu letehlungene kute kutfolakale kufana kwato. Kusetjentiswa takhi tekufanisa njenga, fana-,-nganga-,kuhle,kwe-, Tibonelo ; ·        Utibek’embili njengemvumulo ·        Munhle kuhle kwelilanga liphuma b)    Kumuntfutisa -tintfo letite umphefumulo tentiwe tintfo letinemphefumulo Tibonelo; ·        Licala lembula ingubo lingene ·        Emabondza sekaba netidlebe c)    Sifanisongco-loku kusifaniso kodvwa akusetjentiswa takhi tesifaniso. Tibonelo; ·        Yimvu ngekulunga ·        Akanyonyobi lunwabu d)    Sihabiso- loku kusho noma kuchaza intfo ngedlela leyandzisako Tibonelo; ·        Ngitfole inyoka igcwebe indlu ·        Wasibulala ngelihleko e)    Inhlonipho-loku kusebentisa ligama lelitfokotisako endzaweni yeligama lelibubhungu Tibonelo; ·        Babe umnandzi lamuhle ·        Emakhosi afihlwa eMdzimba f)     Siphukuto-loku sisho lesiphambuke nalesikushoko Tibonelo; ·        Uhlakaniphile ngoba await kutsi emasenti mangaki erandini ·        Uyakwanti kubhala kodvwa akatiphansi tibhalo g)    Silutfo-loku kusho leyontfo lofuna kuyisho ngendlela lesikako noma lehlabako Tibonelo; ·        Likhaya lakhe lempela kusesitebeleni ·        Sitawumbona ngani kutsi muhle nagayaluki h)    Kucatsanisa-loku Kubeka emavi abukane kute kuvele umehluko phakatsi kwawo Tibonelo; ·        Phela umfundisi akamtali umfundisi ·        Ingwe itala umuntfu i)     Sifanisomsindvo-lapho kufaniswa umsindvo lowentiwa ngulenye nje intfo Tibonelo; ·        Musani kuhlikihla tincwadzi tenu nine bafana ·        Bafana baseMgamule batsandza byhhomuhhomu j)     Umbite-lapho kubitwa umuntfu longasekho noma kubitwe intfo lengaphili Tibonelo; ·        Kufa,luphi ludvosi lwakho na? ·        Bhuza,ngivani ngeti ndlebe tami<ref>KJ '''Nkuna''', JJ Thwala - Journal of Social Sciences, 2017</ref> == IMTFOMBO YELWATI == # KJ '''Nkuna''', JJ Thwala - Journal of Social Sciences, 2017 h2l8qmrvy1wj23a22otl0rzl0k6l1w5 0 6949 42886 42853 2026-09-07T06:22:52Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Umlandvo */ 42886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nandzi "LaMagadlela" Khumalo''' (lobekatiwa ngekutsi ngu'''Gogo LaMagadlela'''; c. 1827 – 1922) bekangulomunye webafati beNkhosi [[Mswati II]] futsi ayiNdlovukazi yelikhaya lasebukhosini lase[[Embhuleni]] e[[Badplaas]], e[[Ningizimu Afrika]].<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J.S; Mlotshwa, D.K.; Mlotshwa, J M; Ntiwane, N.D (2016): ''The History of Emaswati in South Africa''. South Africa: Mbokodo Publishers. Page 169-187. ISBN 9780620653848</ref><ref>''South Africa orders blacks out of 142-year-old village'', Washington Post, 13 January 1984. Retrieved 13 July 2024</ref> Gogo LaMagadlela waba nendzima lebalulekile emtini webukhosi waseEmbhuleni, lowasungulwa cishe nga-1842 yiNkhosi Mswati II njengendzawo yelibutho ngaphansi kwe[[Intsaba uMkhingoma|Ntsaba uMkhingoma]] e[[Tjakastad]]. Lendzawo yakhiwa ngelisu lokuvikela indzawo yase[[Swatini]] ekuhlaselweni lokungahle kwentiwe nge[[EmaPedi|maPedi]]. EEmbhuleni, LaMagadlela bekaphethe emabutfo labekabekwe khona.<ref name="auto"/><ref>Matsebula, J.S.(1980): ''A History of Swaziland'', Creda Press, Cape Town, Page 78, ISBN 9780582642126</ref> ==Umlandvo== Nandzi "LaMagadlela" Khumalo bekayindvodzakati yaMagadlela Khumalo, indvuna yesiZulu yaseMkhondo lobekanelubudlelwane besizukulwane sekucala na[[Mzilikazi KaMashobane]]. Ngesikhatsi efika emtini webukhosi bemaSwati, wanikwa libito lelitsi "LaMagadlela", lelisho kutsi "indvodzakati yaMagadlela". Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ekuphileni kwakhe, watiwa ngekutsi ngu"Gogo LaMagadlela". ===Embhuleni=== Ngasekupheleni kwa-1842, LaMagadlela waletfwa Embhuleni asuka kulenye yetindzawo teNkhosi Mswati II eSwatini kute angene esikhundleni saNgodzela Mkhonta njengeNdlovukazi yemuti webukhosi waseEmbhuleni lobewusandza kusungulwa. Ngodzela bekabuyiselwe eSwatini ngemuva kwekutfola kutsi bekafihle kutiphatsa kabi ngekwelicansi kwaNdzinga Jele, lomunye webafati beNkhosi Mswati II.<ref name="auto"/> LaMagadlela waba nemadvodzakati lamabili naMswati II, boNkosatana File naLozindaba. Ngemuva kwekufa kwaMswati II nga-1868, umndeni wasebukhosini bemaSwati wafuna kuqinisekisa kutsi kuba nendlalifa yesilisa yeluhlanga lwasebukhosini baseEmbhuleni. Njengobe LaMagadlela bekanelamantfombatana kuphela, kwatfunyelwa lithimba emndenini wakhe eMkhondo kute kucelwe intfombi leyo lephuma eluhlanga lwemaKhumalo lebeyitawutala indlalifa. Ngenca yaloko, [[Bikwaphi Khumalo]], indvodzakati yemfo lomncane waLaMagadlela, [[Ndebe Khumalo]], watfunyelwa eEmbhuleni. Washadiswa neNkhosana Ntjentje, indvodzana yemfowabo Mswati II, iNkhosana Kufa. Kulomshado kwatalwa iNkhosana Sunduza, lobekulindzeleke kutsi abe yi[[Inkosi yaseEmbhuleni]]. Noko, Ntjentje washona ngemuva kwesikhashana sekutalwe Sunduza, futsi Sunduza naye washona asesemncane ngemuva kwekubanjwa ngumkhuhlane nga-1918.<ref name="auto"/> Ngemuva kwaletigameko, iNkhosana Mgwevu, lenye indvodzana yeNkhosana Kufa, wahlelwa kutsi ashade naBikwaphi Khumalo. Baba nebantfwana labahlanu, lokufaka ekhatsi boNkhosana [[James Maquba Dlamini]], Mazingela naMakinobho Amos. Ngemuva kwekufa kwaLaMagadlela nga-1922, Bikwaphi wasebenta njengelibamba kwaze kwaba ngu-1931, lapho indvodzana yakhe, Maquba, ibekwa njengeNdvuna yekucala yaseEmbhuleni leyemukelwa ngalokusemtsetfweni. Bikwaphi washona nga-1939.<ref name="auto"/> Maquba wabusa kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1953, ngemuva kwaloko walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe, iNkhosana Johannes Mkolishi Dlamini.<ref name="auto"/> ==Kuhlonishwa== [[Lamagadlela Primary School]], sikolwa sahulumende lesise[[Nhlazatshe]], e[[Mpumalanga]], [[Ningizimu Afrika]], sabitwa ngelibito laLaMagadlela. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 1na3u4pz5v0ktilyhle0yrnu3bprxxi 0 6954 42876 2026-09-06T16:57:18Z ZS Khumalo 9375 Yakha likhasi 42876 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tjakastad''' (lebeyatiwa ngekutsi nguse'''Sidvwashini''' ngaphambi kwekufika kwebelumbi <ref>''History of Emaswati'' (2016). Page 55</ref>) indzawo lese mkhadlweni we-[[Gert Sibande]] esifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]], e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], empumalanga ye[[Badplaas]]. ==Umlandvo weligama== Lendzawo yatfola ligama layo kuShaka Maseko, lobekangulomunye webaholi labakhulu beNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowabe ahlala kuleyondzawo ngeminyaka yabo-1800s.<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J.S; Mlotshwa, D.K.; Mlotshwa, J M; Ntiwane, N.D (2016): ''The History of Emaswati in South Africa''. South Africa: Mbokodo Publishers. Page 78. ISBN 9780620653848</ref> EmaBhunu abita lendzawo ngekutsi '''Tjakastad''', kusetjentiswa kweligama lesiBhunu '''stad''' lelisho indzawo yekuhlala nobe likhaya (Tjaka+stad, lokusho "Shakastead" nobe "likhaya laShaka"). Ngaphambi kwekubusa kwebukoloni, lendzawo beyatiwa ngekutsi '''Sidvwashini'''.<ref name="auto"/> ==Bantfu== Ngekubalwa kwebantfu kwanga-2011, Tjakastad beyinelinani lebantfu labangu-12,711. Bantfu labamnyama base-Afrika bebakha 99.4% webantfu, bantfu bebala labangemaColoured bakha 0.3%, emaNdiya nema-Asiya akha 0.1%, kantsi labanye bakha 0.1%.<ref name="ite">[http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/860009 Main place Tjakastad], Census 2011</ref> SiSwati besilulwimi lolukhulunywa kakhulu, nebalelwa ku-92.9% webantfu, silandzelwa siZulu lesikhulunywa ngu-4.9%, kantsi letinye tilwimi betikhulunywa ngu-2.1%.<ref name="ite"/> ==Indzawo== Tjakastad isesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]], e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], emkhandlweni we masipala we[[Gert Sibanda]], kumasipala i-[[Chief Albert]]. Ise mpumalanga ye[[Badplaas]]. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 19annt42n09iarirehpkeuu4g8m1g46 42877 42876 2026-09-06T16:58:05Z Quinlan83 7187 Fix 42877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tjakastad''' (lebeyatiwa ngekutsi nguse'''Sidvwashini''' ngaphambi kwekufika kwebelumbi <ref>''History of Emaswati'' (2016). Page 55</ref>) indzawo lese mkhadlweni we-[[Gert Sibande]] esifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]], e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], empumalanga ye[[Badplaas]]. ==Umlandvo weligama== Lendzawo yatfola ligama layo kuShaka Maseko, lobekangulomunye webaholi labakhulu beNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowabe ahlala kuleyondzawo ngeminyaka yabo-1800s.<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J.S; Mlotshwa, D.K.; Mlotshwa, J M; Ntiwane, N.D (2016): ''The History of Emaswati in South Africa''. South Africa: Mbokodo Publishers. Page 78. ISBN 9780620653848</ref> EmaBhunu abita lendzawo ngekutsi '''Tjakastad''', kusetjentiswa kweligama lesiBhunu '''stad''' lelisho indzawo yekuhlala nobe likhaya (Tjaka+stad, lokusho "Shakastead" nobe "likhaya laShaka"). Ngaphambi kwekubusa kwebukoloni, lendzawo beyatiwa ngekutsi '''Sidvwashini'''.<ref name="auto"/> ==Bantfu== Ngekubalwa kwebantfu kwanga-2011, Tjakastad beyinelinani lebantfu labangu-12,711. Bantfu labamnyama base-Afrika bebakha 99.4% webantfu, bantfu bebala labangemaColoured bakha 0.3%, emaNdiya nema-Asiya akha 0.1%, kantsi labanye bakha 0.1%.<ref name="ite">[http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/860009 Main place Tjakastad], Census 2011</ref> SiSwati besilulwimi lolukhulunywa kakhulu, nebalelwa ku-92.9% webantfu, silandzelwa siZulu lesikhulunywa ngu-4.9%, kantsi letinye tilwimi betikhulunywa ngu-2.1%.<ref name="ite"/> ==Indzawo== Tjakastad isesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]], e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], emkhandlweni we masipala we[[Gert Sibanda]], kumasipala i-[[Chief Albert]]. Ise mpumalanga ye[[Badplaas]]. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} af840ghl5udyk7un84ov3xxsi44k16g 0 6955 42878 2026-09-07T02:58:59Z ZS Khumalo 9375 Yakha likhasi 42878 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (c. 1790 – 9 September 1868), lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''' ngukubhala kwebelumbi)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. rp7q1imazmon846fz27e6gzw1l3uldz 42879 42878 2026-09-07T03:45:06Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (c. 1790 – 9 September 1868), lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''' ngukubhala kwebelumbi)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. == Imphilo yakhe yekucala == Mzilikazi watalwa ayindvodzana yaMashobane kaMangethe, indvuna yesive sebaka[[Khumalo]] saseNyakatfo, cishe nga-1790 edvute naseMkuze endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lebeseyingumgogodla wesive semaZulu. Unina kwakungu[[Nompethu kaZwide]], indvodzakati yeNkhosi [[Zwide kaLanga]] yema[[Ndwandwe]], lapho Mzilikazi akhulela khona. EmaNdwandwe bekasemncintisanweni nebaka[[Mthethwa]], lababeholwa ngu[[Dingiswayo]], kubangwa umhlaba. Sive sakaKhumalo besakhe [[eMfuleni uMfolozi Lomnyama]], emkhatsini walobukhosi lobumbili. Mzilikazi waba yindvuna yesive sakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeminyaka yabo-1820, ngemuva kwekutsi Mashobane abulawe nguZwide ngekusita Shaka kutsi abaleke. Mzilikazi wafunga kutsembeka ku[[Shaka Zulu]], lowayetsatse bukhosi bema[[Zulu]] ngebundlova futsi watsatsa kubusa kwenhlangano yemaMthethwa ngemuva kwekufa kwaDingiswayo, waphindze waba yindvuna yaShaka yemphi.<ref name="auti">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/king-mzilikaziKing Mzilikazi]< South African History Online, 13 September 2011, Accessed 22 January 2018</ref> == Kusuka KwaZulu== Shaka ekucaleni bekanelisekile ngendlela Mzilikazi lebekasebenta ngayo ekusekeleni sive semaZulu. Wamupha netinkhomo nemasotja. Kwaba nekwehlukana emkhatsini walabaholi lababili ngemuva kwekutsi Shaka abulale emawele a[[Ntombizodwa kaMashobana]], dzadzewabo waMzilikazi, lowagcine atiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Mafakasane]]. Nga-1823 Mzilikazi washiya iKwaZulu ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]] netinkhomo letinyenti taShaka. Akucaci kutsi weba yini tinkhomo taShaka noma watitsatsa ngekuhlasela tikhala letisedvute. Mzilikazi wacale waya endzaweni leseyi[[Mozambique]] namuhla, kodvwa nga-1826 wahamba waya entshonalanga eTransvaal ngenca yekuhlaselwa lokuchubekako kutitsa takhe, wahlanganisa bantfu labanyenti labavela etiveni letehlukene ngesikhatsi abancoba. Wahlasela umuti wema[[Ndzundza]] eSikhunjini, lapho khona iNkhosi yemaNdzundza, [[Magodongo]], kanye nalabanye batfunjwa lababulawa e[[Mfuleni iMkobola]]. Kuleminyaka lelishumi leyalandzela, Mzilikazi waba nemandla e[[Transvaal]]. Wacedza bonkhe labebamelene naye futsi wahlela kabusha tindzawo lebekatincobile kuze tihambisane nesakhiwo lesisha semaMatabele. Nga-1831, ngemuva kwekuncoba imphi nemaGriqua, Mzilikazi watsatsa umhlaba wemaGriqua lasedvute neNtsaba iGhaapse.<ref name="autu">Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood: The Rise and Conquests of Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matabele Tribe of Southern Africa'', Penguin Books</ref> Wasebentisa tindlela tokubulala wonke umuntfu longavumelani naye. Akwatiwa wabulala ngakhi yebantfu. == Kulwa nemaBhunu == Bantfu be[[Voortrekker]] bacala kufika eTransvaal, lapho Mzilikazi abekayinkhosi khona iminyaka lelishumi. Loku kwaholela ekubeni kube nekuhlangana lokunyenti nekulwa, lapho Mzilikazi ancoba khona lokunyenti, kwaze kwaba ngulapho emaVoortrekker agcine amnqoba. Lemphi yatsatsa iminyaka lemibili, ngesikhatsi emaMatabele alahlekelwa bantfu labanyenti. Ekuqaleni kwa-1838, Mzilikazi nebantfu bakhe baphoceleleka kutsi baye enyakatfo, bawela uMfula iLimpopo bayishiya iTransvaal. Wanquma kwehlukanisa licembu lakhe laba mabili. Lelinye lalilwa macembu lahamba laya enyakatfo liholwa ngumholi wemphi [[Nkulumane]], indvodzana yaMzilikazi, kanye na[[Gundwane Ndiweni]], lowahola incenye yemaNdebele yawela uMfula iLimpopo ngaphandle kwaMzilikazi.<ref name="autu"/> Lokunye kuhlaselwa kwaphocelela Mzilikazi kutsi aphindze ahambe, ekucaleni aye entshonalanga endzaweni leseyiBotswana namuhla, bese kamuva uya enyakatfo endzaweni leseyiZambia namuhla. Akakwazanga kuhlala kulowo mhlaba ngenca yekuba khona kwetimpukane i-tsetse, lebetitfwala tifo letibulala tinkhomo. Ngako-ke Mzilikazi waphindze wahamba, kulokwekugcina waya eningizimu-mpumalanga endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yiMatabeleland, leseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZimbabwe yanamuhla. Wahlala khona nga-1840, lapho aphindze wahlangana khona neliqembu lelehlukana lebeliholwa nguNdiweni naNkulumane.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekufika kwakhe, wahlela balandzeli bakhe baba ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sempi lesinemacembu etibhamu, lesifana naleso saShaka. Ngaphansi kwekuhola kwakhe, emaMatabele aba nemandla lamakhulu kangangekutsi akwazi kubuyisela emuva kuhlasela kwemaBoer ngeminyaka yabo-1847–1851 futsi acinisekise hulumende weSouth African Republic kutsi asayine sivumelwano sekuthula naMzilikazi nga-1852. == Umbuso wemaMatabele == Ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi bekavame kuba nebuhlobo lobuhle nebavakashi baseYurophu, wachubeka akwati ingoti lebebayibeka embusweni wakhe. Eminyakeni yakhe yekugcina, wala kuvumela labanye bavakashi kutsi bangene endzaweni yakhe. Bantfu baseYurophu labahlangana naMzilikazi bafaka Henry Hartley, umtingeli nelihloli; Robert Moffat, isithunywa selivangeli; John Mackenzie, isithunywa selivangeli; David Hume, lihloli nemthengisi; Andrew Smith, udokotela, umcwaningi wetive nesilwane; William Cornwallis Harris, umtingeli; lihloli lesithunywa selivangeli David Livingstone; kanye nelihloli laseJalimane Karl Mauch.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwakhe ngemaBhunu aseTransvaal ngesikhatsi sive sakhe sihamba enyakatfo yeLimpopo, Mzilikazi wehlukana nencenye lenkhulu yesive sakhe. Bantfu bakhe bacabanga kutsi ufile futsi bakhetsa indlalifa yakhe lencane, Nkulumane, kutsi ibe ngumlandzeli wakhe. Kodvwa Mzilikazi waphindze wavela ngemuva kweluhambo lolwalumhluphile lolwadlula eSigodzini saseZambezi futsi waphindze watsatsa kulawula. Ngekusho kwalokunye kulandzisa, indvodzana yakhe kanye nawo onkhe emadvodza labebakhetse yona babulawa ngemyalelo wakhe. Inkolelo ledvumile itsi babulawa ngekuphonswa phansi eweni lelikhulu entabeni manje leyatiwa ngekutsi yiNtabazinduna ("intaba yemadvuna"). Lokunye kulandzisa kutsi Nkulumane akazange abulawe nalabanye emadvuna, kodvwa waphindiselwa eBukhosini bemaZulu nebucembu lolukhulu lwalufaka emajoni. Ngesikhatsi ahamba aya eningizimu, wadlula endzaweni yemaBakwena enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTransvaal, edvute naseRustenburg. Ngaleso sikhatsi emaBakwena bekazama kubuyisela emuva kuhlaselwa lokuphindzaphindziwe yinkhosi leyakhelene nabo, lebeyifuna lomhlaba lebebahlala kuwo. Nkulumane wasita emaBakwena ngekuhola impi yakhe empini lapho yena Nkulumane abulala khona indvuna lebeyakhelene nabo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuncoba, emaBakwena ancenga Nkulumane kutsi ahlale endzaweni yawo, aphikisa ngekutsi bekungasizi ngalutfo kutsi abuyele eBukhosini bemaZulu ngobe titsa tababe wakhe betingambulala. Nkulumane wahlala kulendzawo futsi wahlala lapho nemndeni wakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1883. Lithuna lakhe, lelimbozwe ngelucwecwe lwebetoni, lisemaphethelweni eRustenburg ePhokeng. Indzawo yelithuna laNkulumane ibitwa ngendlela lengahambisani nemlandvo ngekutsi yiMzilikazi's Kop, nanobe kuyindvodzana yakhe leyingcwatjwe khona. Ngemuva kwekuphindze atsatsa indzima yakhe njengeNkhosi, Mzilikazi wasungula sive sakhe eNtabazinduna Mountain, futsi inhlokodolobha yakhe yekucala yaba seInyathi. Lapho wahlangana khona futsi nemngani wakhe wakadzeni Robert Moffat, labake bahlangana naye eSouth African Republic ngesikhatsi Moffat abuya eKuruman, lokwakungumnyaka lapho indvodzana yakhe Nkulumane yatalwa khona. Inyathi yashiywa nga-1859 ngemuva kwekufa kwelinye lemadvodzakati akhe lamakhulu, iNdlovukazi Loziba. Inhlokodolobha yakhe lelandzelako yasungulwa eMhlahlandlela eMatopo District, lapho angcwatjwe khona. Lena yaba yinhlokodolobha yakhe yesibili futsi yekugcina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eNqameni, edvute naseGwanda, nga-5 September 1868. == Lifa == === Tindlalifa letichamuka ngco kuMzilikazi (Umugca webukhosi) === INkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane, umsunguli webukhosi bemaNdebele (emaMatabele), wasungula likhaya lelikhulu lebukhosi lebelinemakhosikati lamanyenti nebantfwana labanyenti ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwakhe ngelikhulu leminyaka le-19.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> Imithombo yemlandvo iyavuma kutsi waba nebantfwana labanyenti, nanobe tinombolo leticondzile tehluka ngemithombo nangemasiko ekulandzisa ngemlomo.<ref name="autu"/> Tindlalifa letibalulekile emkhatsini wesiko lekulandzelana kwebukhosi tifaka: *'''INkhosana Nkulumane Khumalo''' — Nkulumane uvame kubhalwa emlandvweni njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi leyayizibulo kanye nendlalifa leyacala kukhetfwa. Eminye imithombo yemlandvo itsi wabandakanyeka engcupheni yekulwela bukhosi ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi awela esifundzeni saseZambezi, futsi kamuva wanyamalala etindzabeni tekulandzelana kwebukhosi, nanobe tati temlandvo tisaqhubeka tiphikisana ngaletimo leticondzile tekususwa kwakhe noma tekutfunjwa kwakhe.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Beach, David (1980): ''The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900–1850'', Heinemann</ref> *'''INkhosi Lobengula Khumalo''' — Lobengula kaMzilikazi walandzela njengeNkhosi yemaNdebele cishe nga-1870, waba yinkhosi yesibili kanye neyagcina yembuso wemaNdebele lowawukhululekile ngaphambi kwekwehlulwa kwawo eMpini yeMatabele yekucala (1893).<ref>Ranger, Terence (1967) ''Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896–97'', Heinemann</ref><ref>''Lobengula'', Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> Ukhonjiswa emithonjeni yemlandvo njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi, watalwa ngulomunye wemakhosikati akhe, lobunikati bakhe bubhalwe ngekuhlukahlukana emasikweni ekulandzisa ngemlomo nasemithonjeni lebhaliwe.<ref>Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood'', Penguin Books</ref> Mzilikazi walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe Lobengula. Kuzuza kwakhe umhlaba nemandla etembusave labekakutfole kukho konkhe kuphila kwakhe kwaba kwesikhashana, kodvwa, ngemuva kwekutsi baseYurophu batfole ligolide ngemnyaka munye ngaphambi kwekufa kwakhe. Lokutfolwa kweligolide kwadonsa [[Cecil Rhodes]] kanye nenkampani iBritish South Africa Company kuleyo ndzawo, kwagcina kuholele ki[[Rudd Concession ]] futsi, ekugcineni, i[[Mphi yasevenj leMatebele]]. Kungakapheli iminyaka lengemashumi lamatsatfu, emaNgisi ancoba, atsatsa indzawo yemaMatebele yafakwa ngaphasi kwesifundza saseRhodesia. Bukhosi bamanje besive saka[[Khumalo]] buchubeka ngeNkhosi [[Bulelani Lobengula Khumalo]], lowagcotjwa njengeNkhosi yesive semaNdebele. Uhlobene naleminye imiti yebukhosi, kufaka ekhatsi umndeni webukhosi bemaZulu, ngelifa lelibanti leNguni, loluhlanganisa timphandze tebukhokho letilingana naletingcwele letihlobanisa yena ngekucondza lokungasiko ngco neNkhosi [[Misuzulu kaZwelithini]] yemaZulu.<ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> == Sikhumbuto == Nga-1941, hulumende waseRhodesia wakha sikhumbuto saMzilikazi lesiseyindzawo ledvumile yekuhlonipha yena nanamuhla. Nga-1970, iDolobha laseBulawayo lasungula iMzilikazi Memorial Library, lelabhuku lelikhulu lelisedolobheni. Beka sitfombe sebuso benkhosi emnyango welabhuku ekugubheni iminyaka lengemakhulu yekufa kwakhe. Njalo ngemnyaka ngeNyoni, tinkhulungwane tebantfu tibuthana eMhlahlandlela (Mzilikazi Memorial Site) edvute naseBulawayo kute tikhumbule iNkhosi Mzilikazi, umsunguli wesive samaNdebele (Mthwakazi).<ref>''Colourful ceremony marks King Mzilikazi commemorations'', CITEZW, 11 September 2022</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi commemoration preps on'', Zimbabwe Independent, 17 August 2023</ref> [[ File:Mzilikazi's Grave.jpg |thumb|Litfuna laMzilikazi]] Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi imidanso yesintfu, tinkondlo, kulandzisa ngemlandvo kanye nemidlalo yemasiko, futsi uhlelwa tinhlangano temasiko letifana neMthwakazi kaMzilikazi Cultural Association (MMCA), kanye nemadvuna endzabuko kanye netitukulwane teNdlu yaKhumalo.<ref>''King Mzilikazi annual celebrations preparations on course'', The Herald, 15 July 2025</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi seminar starts at Mhlahlandlela'', The Herald, 5 September 2025</ref> Le mikhumbuto isebenta njengembutsano lobalulekile wemasiko lovuselela kukhumbula umlando kanye nebunikati besive emkhatsini wetitukulwane letincane tesive samaNdebele kanye nemiphakatsi yaseMatabeleland. Uvezwa ngumlingisi Mpilo Mbatha kuluchungechunge lwetemabonakudze loludrama, iShaka iLembe. ==Tinkhomba == {{Reflist}} 6yhrjv9am2rg46ijceqtpww7bufma3x 42880 42879 2026-09-07T03:45:58Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Kulwa nemaBhunu */ 42880 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (c. 1790 – 9 September 1868), lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''' ngukubhala kwebelumbi)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. == Imphilo yakhe yekucala == Mzilikazi watalwa ayindvodzana yaMashobane kaMangethe, indvuna yesive sebaka[[Khumalo]] saseNyakatfo, cishe nga-1790 edvute naseMkuze endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lebeseyingumgogodla wesive semaZulu. Unina kwakungu[[Nompethu kaZwide]], indvodzakati yeNkhosi [[Zwide kaLanga]] yema[[Ndwandwe]], lapho Mzilikazi akhulela khona. EmaNdwandwe bekasemncintisanweni nebaka[[Mthethwa]], lababeholwa ngu[[Dingiswayo]], kubangwa umhlaba. Sive sakaKhumalo besakhe [[eMfuleni uMfolozi Lomnyama]], emkhatsini walobukhosi lobumbili. Mzilikazi waba yindvuna yesive sakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeminyaka yabo-1820, ngemuva kwekutsi Mashobane abulawe nguZwide ngekusita Shaka kutsi abaleke. Mzilikazi wafunga kutsembeka ku[[Shaka Zulu]], lowayetsatse bukhosi bema[[Zulu]] ngebundlova futsi watsatsa kubusa kwenhlangano yemaMthethwa ngemuva kwekufa kwaDingiswayo, waphindze waba yindvuna yaShaka yemphi.<ref name="auti">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/king-mzilikaziKing Mzilikazi]< South African History Online, 13 September 2011, Accessed 22 January 2018</ref> == Kusuka KwaZulu== Shaka ekucaleni bekanelisekile ngendlela Mzilikazi lebekasebenta ngayo ekusekeleni sive semaZulu. Wamupha netinkhomo nemasotja. Kwaba nekwehlukana emkhatsini walabaholi lababili ngemuva kwekutsi Shaka abulale emawele a[[Ntombizodwa kaMashobana]], dzadzewabo waMzilikazi, lowagcine atiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Mafakasane]]. Nga-1823 Mzilikazi washiya iKwaZulu ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]] netinkhomo letinyenti taShaka. Akucaci kutsi weba yini tinkhomo taShaka noma watitsatsa ngekuhlasela tikhala letisedvute. Mzilikazi wacale waya endzaweni leseyi[[Mozambique]] namuhla, kodvwa nga-1826 wahamba waya entshonalanga eTransvaal ngenca yekuhlaselwa lokuchubekako kutitsa takhe, wahlanganisa bantfu labanyenti labavela etiveni letehlukene ngesikhatsi abancoba. Wahlasela umuti wema[[Ndzundza]] eSikhunjini, lapho khona iNkhosi yemaNdzundza, [[Magodongo]], kanye nalabanye batfunjwa lababulawa e[[Mfuleni iMkobola]]. Kuleminyaka lelishumi leyalandzela, Mzilikazi waba nemandla e[[Transvaal]]. Wacedza bonkhe labebamelene naye futsi wahlela kabusha tindzawo lebekatincobile kuze tihambisane nesakhiwo lesisha semaMatabele. Nga-1831, ngemuva kwekuncoba imphi nemaGriqua, Mzilikazi watsatsa umhlaba wemaGriqua lasedvute neNtsaba iGhaapse.<ref name="autu">Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood: The Rise and Conquests of Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matabele Tribe of Southern Africa'', Penguin Books</ref> Wasebentisa tindlela tokubulala wonke umuntfu longavumelani naye. Akwatiwa wabulala ngakhi yebantfu. == Kulwa nemaBhunu == Bantfu be[[Voortrekker]] bacala kufika eTransvaal, lapho Mzilikazi abekayinkhosi khona iminyaka lelishumi. Loku kwaholela ekubeni kube nekuhlangana lokunyenti nekulwa, lapho Mzilikazi ancoba khona lokunyenti, kwaze kwaba ngulapho emaVoortrekker agcine amnqoba. Lemphi yatsatsa iminyaka lemibili, ngesikhatsi emaMatabele alahlekelwa bantfu labanyenti. Ekuqaleni kwa-1838, Mzilikazi nebantfu bakhe baphoceleleka kutsi baye enyakatfo, bawela uMfula iLimpopo bayishiya iTransvaal. Wanquma kwehlukanisa licembu lakhe laba mabili. Lelinye lalilwa macembu lahamba laya enyakatfo liholwa ngumholi wemphi [[Nkulumane]], indvodzana yaMzilikazi, kanye na[[Gundwane Ndiweni]], lowahola incenye yemaNdebele yawela uMfula iLimpopo ngaphandle kwaMzilikazi.<ref name="autu"/> Lokunye kuhlaselwa kwaphocelela Mzilikazi kutsi aphindze ahambe, ekucaleni aye entshonalanga endzaweni leseyiBotswana namuhla, bese kamuva uya enyakatfo endzaweni leseyiZambia namuhla. Akakwazanga kuhlala kulowo mhlaba ngenca yekuba khona kwetimpukane i-tsetse, lebetitfwala tifo letibulala tinkhomo. Ngako-ke Mzilikazi waphindze wahamba, kulokwekugcina waya eningizimu-mpumalanga endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yiMatabeleland, leseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZimbabwe yanamuhla. Wahlala khona nga-1840, lapho aphindze wahlangana khona neliqembu lelehlukana lebeliholwa nguNdiweni naNkulumane.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekufika kwakhe, wahlela balandzeli bakhe baba ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sempi lesinemacembu etibhamu, lesifana naleso saShaka. Ngaphansi kwekuhola kwakhe, emaMatabele aba nemandla lamakhulu kangangekutsi akwazi kubuyisela emuva kuhlasela kwemaBhunu ngeminyaka yabo-1847–1851 futsi acinisekise hulumende weSouth African Republic kutsi asayine sivumelwano sekuthula naMzilikazi nga-1852. == Umbuso wemaMatabele == Ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi bekavame kuba nebuhlobo lobuhle nebavakashi baseYurophu, wachubeka akwati ingoti lebebayibeka embusweni wakhe. Eminyakeni yakhe yekugcina, wala kuvumela labanye bavakashi kutsi bangene endzaweni yakhe. Bantfu baseYurophu labahlangana naMzilikazi bafaka Henry Hartley, umtingeli nelihloli; Robert Moffat, isithunywa selivangeli; John Mackenzie, isithunywa selivangeli; David Hume, lihloli nemthengisi; Andrew Smith, udokotela, umcwaningi wetive nesilwane; William Cornwallis Harris, umtingeli; lihloli lesithunywa selivangeli David Livingstone; kanye nelihloli laseJalimane Karl Mauch.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwakhe ngemaBhunu aseTransvaal ngesikhatsi sive sakhe sihamba enyakatfo yeLimpopo, Mzilikazi wehlukana nencenye lenkhulu yesive sakhe. Bantfu bakhe bacabanga kutsi ufile futsi bakhetsa indlalifa yakhe lencane, Nkulumane, kutsi ibe ngumlandzeli wakhe. Kodvwa Mzilikazi waphindze wavela ngemuva kweluhambo lolwalumhluphile lolwadlula eSigodzini saseZambezi futsi waphindze watsatsa kulawula. Ngekusho kwalokunye kulandzisa, indvodzana yakhe kanye nawo onkhe emadvodza labebakhetse yona babulawa ngemyalelo wakhe. Inkolelo ledvumile itsi babulawa ngekuphonswa phansi eweni lelikhulu entabeni manje leyatiwa ngekutsi yiNtabazinduna ("intaba yemadvuna"). Lokunye kulandzisa kutsi Nkulumane akazange abulawe nalabanye emadvuna, kodvwa waphindiselwa eBukhosini bemaZulu nebucembu lolukhulu lwalufaka emajoni. Ngesikhatsi ahamba aya eningizimu, wadlula endzaweni yemaBakwena enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTransvaal, edvute naseRustenburg. Ngaleso sikhatsi emaBakwena bekazama kubuyisela emuva kuhlaselwa lokuphindzaphindziwe yinkhosi leyakhelene nabo, lebeyifuna lomhlaba lebebahlala kuwo. Nkulumane wasita emaBakwena ngekuhola impi yakhe empini lapho yena Nkulumane abulala khona indvuna lebeyakhelene nabo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuncoba, emaBakwena ancenga Nkulumane kutsi ahlale endzaweni yawo, aphikisa ngekutsi bekungasizi ngalutfo kutsi abuyele eBukhosini bemaZulu ngobe titsa tababe wakhe betingambulala. Nkulumane wahlala kulendzawo futsi wahlala lapho nemndeni wakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1883. Lithuna lakhe, lelimbozwe ngelucwecwe lwebetoni, lisemaphethelweni eRustenburg ePhokeng. Indzawo yelithuna laNkulumane ibitwa ngendlela lengahambisani nemlandvo ngekutsi yiMzilikazi's Kop, nanobe kuyindvodzana yakhe leyingcwatjwe khona. Ngemuva kwekuphindze atsatsa indzima yakhe njengeNkhosi, Mzilikazi wasungula sive sakhe eNtabazinduna Mountain, futsi inhlokodolobha yakhe yekucala yaba seInyathi. Lapho wahlangana khona futsi nemngani wakhe wakadzeni Robert Moffat, labake bahlangana naye eSouth African Republic ngesikhatsi Moffat abuya eKuruman, lokwakungumnyaka lapho indvodzana yakhe Nkulumane yatalwa khona. Inyathi yashiywa nga-1859 ngemuva kwekufa kwelinye lemadvodzakati akhe lamakhulu, iNdlovukazi Loziba. Inhlokodolobha yakhe lelandzelako yasungulwa eMhlahlandlela eMatopo District, lapho angcwatjwe khona. Lena yaba yinhlokodolobha yakhe yesibili futsi yekugcina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eNqameni, edvute naseGwanda, nga-5 September 1868. == Lifa == === Tindlalifa letichamuka ngco kuMzilikazi (Umugca webukhosi) === INkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane, umsunguli webukhosi bemaNdebele (emaMatabele), wasungula likhaya lelikhulu lebukhosi lebelinemakhosikati lamanyenti nebantfwana labanyenti ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwakhe ngelikhulu leminyaka le-19.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> Imithombo yemlandvo iyavuma kutsi waba nebantfwana labanyenti, nanobe tinombolo leticondzile tehluka ngemithombo nangemasiko ekulandzisa ngemlomo.<ref name="autu"/> Tindlalifa letibalulekile emkhatsini wesiko lekulandzelana kwebukhosi tifaka: *'''INkhosana Nkulumane Khumalo''' — Nkulumane uvame kubhalwa emlandvweni njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi leyayizibulo kanye nendlalifa leyacala kukhetfwa. Eminye imithombo yemlandvo itsi wabandakanyeka engcupheni yekulwela bukhosi ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi awela esifundzeni saseZambezi, futsi kamuva wanyamalala etindzabeni tekulandzelana kwebukhosi, nanobe tati temlandvo tisaqhubeka tiphikisana ngaletimo leticondzile tekususwa kwakhe noma tekutfunjwa kwakhe.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Beach, David (1980): ''The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900–1850'', Heinemann</ref> *'''INkhosi Lobengula Khumalo''' — Lobengula kaMzilikazi walandzela njengeNkhosi yemaNdebele cishe nga-1870, waba yinkhosi yesibili kanye neyagcina yembuso wemaNdebele lowawukhululekile ngaphambi kwekwehlulwa kwawo eMpini yeMatabele yekucala (1893).<ref>Ranger, Terence (1967) ''Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896–97'', Heinemann</ref><ref>''Lobengula'', Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> Ukhonjiswa emithonjeni yemlandvo njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi, watalwa ngulomunye wemakhosikati akhe, lobunikati bakhe bubhalwe ngekuhlukahlukana emasikweni ekulandzisa ngemlomo nasemithonjeni lebhaliwe.<ref>Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood'', Penguin Books</ref> Mzilikazi walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe Lobengula. Kuzuza kwakhe umhlaba nemandla etembusave labekakutfole kukho konkhe kuphila kwakhe kwaba kwesikhashana, kodvwa, ngemuva kwekutsi baseYurophu batfole ligolide ngemnyaka munye ngaphambi kwekufa kwakhe. Lokutfolwa kweligolide kwadonsa [[Cecil Rhodes]] kanye nenkampani iBritish South Africa Company kuleyo ndzawo, kwagcina kuholele ki[[Rudd Concession ]] futsi, ekugcineni, i[[Mphi yasevenj leMatebele]]. Kungakapheli iminyaka lengemashumi lamatsatfu, emaNgisi ancoba, atsatsa indzawo yemaMatebele yafakwa ngaphasi kwesifundza saseRhodesia. Bukhosi bamanje besive saka[[Khumalo]] buchubeka ngeNkhosi [[Bulelani Lobengula Khumalo]], lowagcotjwa njengeNkhosi yesive semaNdebele. Uhlobene naleminye imiti yebukhosi, kufaka ekhatsi umndeni webukhosi bemaZulu, ngelifa lelibanti leNguni, loluhlanganisa timphandze tebukhokho letilingana naletingcwele letihlobanisa yena ngekucondza lokungasiko ngco neNkhosi [[Misuzulu kaZwelithini]] yemaZulu.<ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> == Sikhumbuto == Nga-1941, hulumende waseRhodesia wakha sikhumbuto saMzilikazi lesiseyindzawo ledvumile yekuhlonipha yena nanamuhla. Nga-1970, iDolobha laseBulawayo lasungula iMzilikazi Memorial Library, lelabhuku lelikhulu lelisedolobheni. Beka sitfombe sebuso benkhosi emnyango welabhuku ekugubheni iminyaka lengemakhulu yekufa kwakhe. Njalo ngemnyaka ngeNyoni, tinkhulungwane tebantfu tibuthana eMhlahlandlela (Mzilikazi Memorial Site) edvute naseBulawayo kute tikhumbule iNkhosi Mzilikazi, umsunguli wesive samaNdebele (Mthwakazi).<ref>''Colourful ceremony marks King Mzilikazi commemorations'', CITEZW, 11 September 2022</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi commemoration preps on'', Zimbabwe Independent, 17 August 2023</ref> [[ File:Mzilikazi's Grave.jpg |thumb|Litfuna laMzilikazi]] Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi imidanso yesintfu, tinkondlo, kulandzisa ngemlandvo kanye nemidlalo yemasiko, futsi uhlelwa tinhlangano temasiko letifana neMthwakazi kaMzilikazi Cultural Association (MMCA), kanye nemadvuna endzabuko kanye netitukulwane teNdlu yaKhumalo.<ref>''King Mzilikazi annual celebrations preparations on course'', The Herald, 15 July 2025</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi seminar starts at Mhlahlandlela'', The Herald, 5 September 2025</ref> Le mikhumbuto isebenta njengembutsano lobalulekile wemasiko lovuselela kukhumbula umlando kanye nebunikati besive emkhatsini wetitukulwane letincane tesive samaNdebele kanye nemiphakatsi yaseMatabeleland. Uvezwa ngumlingisi Mpilo Mbatha kuluchungechunge lwetemabonakudze loludrama, iShaka iLembe. ==Tinkhomba == {{Reflist}} h5eng1q28zy9w4bf44alr54n4x7dhkb 42881 42880 2026-09-07T03:47:11Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (c. 1790 – 9 September 1868 lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''' ngukubhala kwebelumbi)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. == Imphilo yakhe yekucala == Mzilikazi watalwa ayindvodzana yaMashobane kaMangethe, indvuna yesive sebaka[[Khumalo]] saseNyakatfo, cishe nga-1790 edvute naseMkuze endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lebeseyingumgogodla wesive semaZulu. Unina kwakungu[[Nompethu kaZwide]], indvodzakati yeNkhosi [[Zwide kaLanga]] yema[[Ndwandwe]], lapho Mzilikazi akhulela khona. EmaNdwandwe bekasemncintisanweni nebaka[[Mthethwa]], lababeholwa ngu[[Dingiswayo]], kubangwa umhlaba. Sive sakaKhumalo besakhe [[eMfuleni uMfolozi Lomnyama]], emkhatsini walobukhosi lobumbili. Mzilikazi waba yindvuna yesive sakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeminyaka yabo-1820, ngemuva kwekutsi Mashobane abulawe nguZwide ngekusita Shaka kutsi abaleke. Mzilikazi wafunga kutsembeka ku[[Shaka Zulu]], lowayetsatse bukhosi bema[[Zulu]] ngebundlova futsi watsatsa kubusa kwenhlangano yemaMthethwa ngemuva kwekufa kwaDingiswayo, waphindze waba yindvuna yaShaka yemphi.<ref name="auti">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/king-mzilikaziKing Mzilikazi]< South African History Online, 13 September 2011, Accessed 22 January 2018</ref> == Kusuka KwaZulu== Shaka ekucaleni bekanelisekile ngendlela Mzilikazi lebekasebenta ngayo ekusekeleni sive semaZulu. Wamupha netinkhomo nemasotja. Kwaba nekwehlukana emkhatsini walabaholi lababili ngemuva kwekutsi Shaka abulale emawele a[[Ntombizodwa kaMashobana]], dzadzewabo waMzilikazi, lowagcine atiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Mafakasane]]. Nga-1823 Mzilikazi washiya iKwaZulu ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]] netinkhomo letinyenti taShaka. Akucaci kutsi weba yini tinkhomo taShaka noma watitsatsa ngekuhlasela tikhala letisedvute. Mzilikazi wacale waya endzaweni leseyi[[Mozambique]] namuhla, kodvwa nga-1826 wahamba waya entshonalanga eTransvaal ngenca yekuhlaselwa lokuchubekako kutitsa takhe, wahlanganisa bantfu labanyenti labavela etiveni letehlukene ngesikhatsi abancoba. Wahlasela umuti wema[[Ndzundza]] eSikhunjini, lapho khona iNkhosi yemaNdzundza, [[Magodongo]], kanye nalabanye batfunjwa lababulawa e[[Mfuleni iMkobola]]. Kuleminyaka lelishumi leyalandzela, Mzilikazi waba nemandla e[[Transvaal]]. Wacedza bonkhe labebamelene naye futsi wahlela kabusha tindzawo lebekatincobile kuze tihambisane nesakhiwo lesisha semaMatabele. Nga-1831, ngemuva kwekuncoba imphi nemaGriqua, Mzilikazi watsatsa umhlaba wemaGriqua lasedvute neNtsaba iGhaapse.<ref name="autu">Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood: The Rise and Conquests of Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matabele Tribe of Southern Africa'', Penguin Books</ref> Wasebentisa tindlela tokubulala wonke umuntfu longavumelani naye. Akwatiwa wabulala ngakhi yebantfu. == Kulwa nemaBhunu == Bantfu be[[Voortrekker]] bacala kufika eTransvaal, lapho Mzilikazi abekayinkhosi khona iminyaka lelishumi. Loku kwaholela ekubeni kube nekuhlangana lokunyenti nekulwa, lapho Mzilikazi ancoba khona lokunyenti, kwaze kwaba ngulapho emaVoortrekker agcine amnqoba. Lemphi yatsatsa iminyaka lemibili, ngesikhatsi emaMatabele alahlekelwa bantfu labanyenti. Ekuqaleni kwa-1838, Mzilikazi nebantfu bakhe baphoceleleka kutsi baye enyakatfo, bawela uMfula iLimpopo bayishiya iTransvaal. Wanquma kwehlukanisa licembu lakhe laba mabili. Lelinye lalilwa macembu lahamba laya enyakatfo liholwa ngumholi wemphi [[Nkulumane]], indvodzana yaMzilikazi, kanye na[[Gundwane Ndiweni]], lowahola incenye yemaNdebele yawela uMfula iLimpopo ngaphandle kwaMzilikazi.<ref name="autu"/> Lokunye kuhlaselwa kwaphocelela Mzilikazi kutsi aphindze ahambe, ekucaleni aye entshonalanga endzaweni leseyiBotswana namuhla, bese kamuva uya enyakatfo endzaweni leseyiZambia namuhla. Akakwazanga kuhlala kulowo mhlaba ngenca yekuba khona kwetimpukane i-tsetse, lebetitfwala tifo letibulala tinkhomo. Ngako-ke Mzilikazi waphindze wahamba, kulokwekugcina waya eningizimu-mpumalanga endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yiMatabeleland, leseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZimbabwe yanamuhla. Wahlala khona nga-1840, lapho aphindze wahlangana khona neliqembu lelehlukana lebeliholwa nguNdiweni naNkulumane.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekufika kwakhe, wahlela balandzeli bakhe baba ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sempi lesinemacembu etibhamu, lesifana naleso saShaka. Ngaphansi kwekuhola kwakhe, emaMatabele aba nemandla lamakhulu kangangekutsi akwazi kubuyisela emuva kuhlasela kwemaBhunu ngeminyaka yabo-1847–1851 futsi acinisekise hulumende weSouth African Republic kutsi asayine sivumelwano sekuthula naMzilikazi nga-1852. == Umbuso wemaMatabele == Ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi bekavame kuba nebuhlobo lobuhle nebavakashi baseYurophu, wachubeka akwati ingoti lebebayibeka embusweni wakhe. Eminyakeni yakhe yekugcina, wala kuvumela labanye bavakashi kutsi bangene endzaweni yakhe. Bantfu baseYurophu labahlangana naMzilikazi bafaka Henry Hartley, umtingeli nelihloli; Robert Moffat, isithunywa selivangeli; John Mackenzie, isithunywa selivangeli; David Hume, lihloli nemthengisi; Andrew Smith, udokotela, umcwaningi wetive nesilwane; William Cornwallis Harris, umtingeli; lihloli lesithunywa selivangeli David Livingstone; kanye nelihloli laseJalimane Karl Mauch.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwakhe ngemaBhunu aseTransvaal ngesikhatsi sive sakhe sihamba enyakatfo yeLimpopo, Mzilikazi wehlukana nencenye lenkhulu yesive sakhe. Bantfu bakhe bacabanga kutsi ufile futsi bakhetsa indlalifa yakhe lencane, Nkulumane, kutsi ibe ngumlandzeli wakhe. Kodvwa Mzilikazi waphindze wavela ngemuva kweluhambo lolwalumhluphile lolwadlula eSigodzini saseZambezi futsi waphindze watsatsa kulawula. Ngekusho kwalokunye kulandzisa, indvodzana yakhe kanye nawo onkhe emadvodza labebakhetse yona babulawa ngemyalelo wakhe. Inkolelo ledvumile itsi babulawa ngekuphonswa phansi eweni lelikhulu entabeni manje leyatiwa ngekutsi yiNtabazinduna ("intaba yemadvuna"). Lokunye kulandzisa kutsi Nkulumane akazange abulawe nalabanye emadvuna, kodvwa waphindiselwa eBukhosini bemaZulu nebucembu lolukhulu lwalufaka emajoni. Ngesikhatsi ahamba aya eningizimu, wadlula endzaweni yemaBakwena enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTransvaal, edvute naseRustenburg. Ngaleso sikhatsi emaBakwena bekazama kubuyisela emuva kuhlaselwa lokuphindzaphindziwe yinkhosi leyakhelene nabo, lebeyifuna lomhlaba lebebahlala kuwo. Nkulumane wasita emaBakwena ngekuhola impi yakhe empini lapho yena Nkulumane abulala khona indvuna lebeyakhelene nabo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuncoba, emaBakwena ancenga Nkulumane kutsi ahlale endzaweni yawo, aphikisa ngekutsi bekungasizi ngalutfo kutsi abuyele eBukhosini bemaZulu ngobe titsa tababe wakhe betingambulala. Nkulumane wahlala kulendzawo futsi wahlala lapho nemndeni wakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1883. Lithuna lakhe, lelimbozwe ngelucwecwe lwebetoni, lisemaphethelweni eRustenburg ePhokeng. Indzawo yelithuna laNkulumane ibitwa ngendlela lengahambisani nemlandvo ngekutsi yiMzilikazi's Kop, nanobe kuyindvodzana yakhe leyingcwatjwe khona. Ngemuva kwekuphindze atsatsa indzima yakhe njengeNkhosi, Mzilikazi wasungula sive sakhe eNtabazinduna Mountain, futsi inhlokodolobha yakhe yekucala yaba seInyathi. Lapho wahlangana khona futsi nemngani wakhe wakadzeni Robert Moffat, labake bahlangana naye eSouth African Republic ngesikhatsi Moffat abuya eKuruman, lokwakungumnyaka lapho indvodzana yakhe Nkulumane yatalwa khona. Inyathi yashiywa nga-1859 ngemuva kwekufa kwelinye lemadvodzakati akhe lamakhulu, iNdlovukazi Loziba. Inhlokodolobha yakhe lelandzelako yasungulwa eMhlahlandlela eMatopo District, lapho angcwatjwe khona. Lena yaba yinhlokodolobha yakhe yesibili futsi yekugcina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eNqameni, edvute naseGwanda, nga-5 September 1868. == Lifa == === Tindlalifa letichamuka ngco kuMzilikazi (Umugca webukhosi) === INkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane, umsunguli webukhosi bemaNdebele (emaMatabele), wasungula likhaya lelikhulu lebukhosi lebelinemakhosikati lamanyenti nebantfwana labanyenti ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwakhe ngelikhulu leminyaka le-19.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> Imithombo yemlandvo iyavuma kutsi waba nebantfwana labanyenti, nanobe tinombolo leticondzile tehluka ngemithombo nangemasiko ekulandzisa ngemlomo.<ref name="autu"/> Tindlalifa letibalulekile emkhatsini wesiko lekulandzelana kwebukhosi tifaka: *'''INkhosana Nkulumane Khumalo''' — Nkulumane uvame kubhalwa emlandvweni njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi leyayizibulo kanye nendlalifa leyacala kukhetfwa. Eminye imithombo yemlandvo itsi wabandakanyeka engcupheni yekulwela bukhosi ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi awela esifundzeni saseZambezi, futsi kamuva wanyamalala etindzabeni tekulandzelana kwebukhosi, nanobe tati temlandvo tisaqhubeka tiphikisana ngaletimo leticondzile tekususwa kwakhe noma tekutfunjwa kwakhe.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Beach, David (1980): ''The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900–1850'', Heinemann</ref> *'''INkhosi Lobengula Khumalo''' — Lobengula kaMzilikazi walandzela njengeNkhosi yemaNdebele cishe nga-1870, waba yinkhosi yesibili kanye neyagcina yembuso wemaNdebele lowawukhululekile ngaphambi kwekwehlulwa kwawo eMpini yeMatabele yekucala (1893).<ref>Ranger, Terence (1967) ''Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896–97'', Heinemann</ref><ref>''Lobengula'', Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> Ukhonjiswa emithonjeni yemlandvo njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi, watalwa ngulomunye wemakhosikati akhe, lobunikati bakhe bubhalwe ngekuhlukahlukana emasikweni ekulandzisa ngemlomo nasemithonjeni lebhaliwe.<ref>Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood'', Penguin Books</ref> Mzilikazi walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe Lobengula. Kuzuza kwakhe umhlaba nemandla etembusave labekakutfole kukho konkhe kuphila kwakhe kwaba kwesikhashana, kodvwa, ngemuva kwekutsi baseYurophu batfole ligolide ngemnyaka munye ngaphambi kwekufa kwakhe. Lokutfolwa kweligolide kwadonsa [[Cecil Rhodes]] kanye nenkampani iBritish South Africa Company kuleyo ndzawo, kwagcina kuholele ki[[Rudd Concession ]] futsi, ekugcineni, i[[Mphi yasevenj leMatebele]]. Kungakapheli iminyaka lengemashumi lamatsatfu, emaNgisi ancoba, atsatsa indzawo yemaMatebele yafakwa ngaphasi kwesifundza saseRhodesia. Bukhosi bamanje besive saka[[Khumalo]] buchubeka ngeNkhosi [[Bulelani Lobengula Khumalo]], lowagcotjwa njengeNkhosi yesive semaNdebele. Uhlobene naleminye imiti yebukhosi, kufaka ekhatsi umndeni webukhosi bemaZulu, ngelifa lelibanti leNguni, loluhlanganisa timphandze tebukhokho letilingana naletingcwele letihlobanisa yena ngekucondza lokungasiko ngco neNkhosi [[Misuzulu kaZwelithini]] yemaZulu.<ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> == Sikhumbuto == Nga-1941, hulumende waseRhodesia wakha sikhumbuto saMzilikazi lesiseyindzawo ledvumile yekuhlonipha yena nanamuhla. Nga-1970, iDolobha laseBulawayo lasungula iMzilikazi Memorial Library, lelabhuku lelikhulu lelisedolobheni. Beka sitfombe sebuso benkhosi emnyango welabhuku ekugubheni iminyaka lengemakhulu yekufa kwakhe. Njalo ngemnyaka ngeNyoni, tinkhulungwane tebantfu tibuthana eMhlahlandlela (Mzilikazi Memorial Site) edvute naseBulawayo kute tikhumbule iNkhosi Mzilikazi, umsunguli wesive samaNdebele (Mthwakazi).<ref>''Colourful ceremony marks King Mzilikazi commemorations'', CITEZW, 11 September 2022</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi commemoration preps on'', Zimbabwe Independent, 17 August 2023</ref> [[ File:Mzilikazi's Grave.jpg |thumb|Litfuna laMzilikazi]] Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi imidanso yesintfu, tinkondlo, kulandzisa ngemlandvo kanye nemidlalo yemasiko, futsi uhlelwa tinhlangano temasiko letifana neMthwakazi kaMzilikazi Cultural Association (MMCA), kanye nemadvuna endzabuko kanye netitukulwane teNdlu yaKhumalo.<ref>''King Mzilikazi annual celebrations preparations on course'', The Herald, 15 July 2025</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi seminar starts at Mhlahlandlela'', The Herald, 5 September 2025</ref> Le mikhumbuto isebenta njengembutsano lobalulekile wemasiko lovuselela kukhumbula umlando kanye nebunikati besive emkhatsini wetitukulwane letincane tesive samaNdebele kanye nemiphakatsi yaseMatabeleland. Uvezwa ngumlingisi Mpilo Mbatha kuluchungechunge lwetemabonakudze loludrama, iShaka iLembe. ==Tinkhomba == {{Reflist}} say6x6gvp2mlnx9ter7dt17himpvhae 42882 42881 2026-09-07T06:16:00Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42882 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (c. 1790 – 9 Inyoni 1868 lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''' ngukubhala kwebelumbi)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. == Imphilo yakhe yekucala == Mzilikazi watalwa ayindvodzana yaMashobane kaMangethe, indvuna yesive sebaka[[Khumalo]] saseNyakatfo, cishe nga-1790 edvute naseMkuze endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lebeseyingumgogodla wesive semaZulu. Unina kwakungu[[Nompethu kaZwide]], indvodzakati yeNkhosi [[Zwide kaLanga]] yema[[Ndwandwe]], lapho Mzilikazi akhulela khona. EmaNdwandwe bekasemncintisanweni nebaka[[Mthethwa]], lababeholwa ngu[[Dingiswayo]], kubangwa umhlaba. Sive sakaKhumalo besakhe [[eMfuleni uMfolozi Lomnyama]], emkhatsini walobukhosi lobumbili. Mzilikazi waba yindvuna yesive sakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeminyaka yabo-1820, ngemuva kwekutsi Mashobane abulawe nguZwide ngekusita Shaka kutsi abaleke. Mzilikazi wafunga kutsembeka ku[[Shaka Zulu]], lowayetsatse bukhosi bema[[Zulu]] ngebundlova futsi watsatsa kubusa kwenhlangano yemaMthethwa ngemuva kwekufa kwaDingiswayo, waphindze waba yindvuna yaShaka yemphi.<ref name="auti">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/king-mzilikaziKing Mzilikazi]< South African History Online, 13 September 2011, Accessed 22 January 2018</ref> == Kusuka KwaZulu== Shaka ekucaleni bekanelisekile ngendlela Mzilikazi lebekasebenta ngayo ekusekeleni sive semaZulu. Wamupha netinkhomo nemasotja. Kwaba nekwehlukana emkhatsini walabaholi lababili ngemuva kwekutsi Shaka abulale emawele a[[Ntombizodwa kaMashobana]], dzadzewabo waMzilikazi, lowagcine atiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Mafakasane]]. Nga-1823 Mzilikazi washiya iKwaZulu ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]] netinkhomo letinyenti taShaka. Akucaci kutsi weba yini tinkhomo taShaka noma watitsatsa ngekuhlasela tikhala letisedvute. Mzilikazi wacale waya endzaweni leseyi[[Mozambique]] namuhla, kodvwa nga-1826 wahamba waya entshonalanga eTransvaal ngenca yekuhlaselwa lokuchubekako kutitsa takhe, wahlanganisa bantfu labanyenti labavela etiveni letehlukene ngesikhatsi abancoba. Wahlasela umuti wema[[Ndzundza]] eSikhunjini, lapho khona iNkhosi yemaNdzundza, [[Magodongo]], kanye nalabanye batfunjwa lababulawa e[[Mfuleni iMkobola]]. Kuleminyaka lelishumi leyalandzela, Mzilikazi waba nemandla e[[Transvaal]]. Wacedza bonkhe labebamelene naye futsi wahlela kabusha tindzawo lebekatincobile kuze tihambisane nesakhiwo lesisha semaMatabele. Nga-1831, ngemuva kwekuncoba imphi nemaGriqua, Mzilikazi watsatsa umhlaba wemaGriqua lasedvute neNtsaba iGhaapse.<ref name="autu">Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood: The Rise and Conquests of Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matabele Tribe of Southern Africa'', Penguin Books</ref> Wasebentisa tindlela tokubulala wonke umuntfu longavumelani naye. Akwatiwa wabulala ngakhi yebantfu. == Kulwa nemaBhunu == Bantfu be[[Voortrekker]] bacala kufika eTransvaal, lapho Mzilikazi abekayinkhosi khona iminyaka lelishumi. Loku kwaholela ekubeni kube nekuhlangana lokunyenti nekulwa, lapho Mzilikazi ancoba khona lokunyenti, kwaze kwaba ngulapho emaVoortrekker agcine amnqoba. Lemphi yatsatsa iminyaka lemibili, ngesikhatsi emaMatabele alahlekelwa bantfu labanyenti. Ekuqaleni kwa-1838, Mzilikazi nebantfu bakhe baphoceleleka kutsi baye enyakatfo, bawela uMfula iLimpopo bayishiya iTransvaal. Wanquma kwehlukanisa licembu lakhe laba mabili. Lelinye lalilwa macembu lahamba laya enyakatfo liholwa ngumholi wemphi [[Nkulumane]], indvodzana yaMzilikazi, kanye na[[Gundwane Ndiweni]], lowahola incenye yemaNdebele yawela uMfula iLimpopo ngaphandle kwaMzilikazi.<ref name="autu"/> Lokunye kuhlaselwa kwaphocelela Mzilikazi kutsi aphindze ahambe, ekucaleni aye entshonalanga endzaweni leseyiBotswana namuhla, bese kamuva uya enyakatfo endzaweni leseyiZambia namuhla. Akakwazanga kuhlala kulowo mhlaba ngenca yekuba khona kwetimpukane i-tsetse, lebetitfwala tifo letibulala tinkhomo. Ngako-ke Mzilikazi waphindze wahamba, kulokwekugcina waya eningizimu-mpumalanga endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yiMatabeleland, leseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZimbabwe yanamuhla. Wahlala khona nga-1840, lapho aphindze wahlangana khona neliqembu lelehlukana lebeliholwa nguNdiweni naNkulumane.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekufika kwakhe, wahlela balandzeli bakhe baba ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sempi lesinemacembu etibhamu, lesifana naleso saShaka. Ngaphansi kwekuhola kwakhe, emaMatabele aba nemandla lamakhulu kangangekutsi akwazi kubuyisela emuva kuhlasela kwemaBhunu ngeminyaka yabo-1847–1851 futsi acinisekise hulumende weSouth African Republic kutsi asayine sivumelwano sekuthula naMzilikazi nga-1852. == Umbuso wemaMatabele == Ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi bekavame kuba nebuhlobo lobuhle nebavakashi baseYurophu, wachubeka akwati ingoti lebebayibeka embusweni wakhe. Eminyakeni yakhe yekugcina, wala kuvumela labanye bavakashi kutsi bangene endzaweni yakhe. Bantfu baseYurophu labahlangana naMzilikazi bafaka Henry Hartley, umtingeli nelihloli; Robert Moffat, isithunywa selivangeli; John Mackenzie, isithunywa selivangeli; David Hume, lihloli nemthengisi; Andrew Smith, udokotela, umcwaningi wetive nesilwane; William Cornwallis Harris, umtingeli; lihloli lesithunywa selivangeli David Livingstone; kanye nelihloli laseJalimane Karl Mauch.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwakhe ngemaBhunu aseTransvaal ngesikhatsi sive sakhe sihamba enyakatfo yeLimpopo, Mzilikazi wehlukana nencenye lenkhulu yesive sakhe. Bantfu bakhe bacabanga kutsi ufile futsi bakhetsa indlalifa yakhe lencane, Nkulumane, kutsi ibe ngumlandzeli wakhe. Kodvwa Mzilikazi waphindze wavela ngemuva kweluhambo lolwalumhluphile lolwadlula eSigodzini saseZambezi futsi waphindze watsatsa kulawula. Ngekusho kwalokunye kulandzisa, indvodzana yakhe kanye nawo onkhe emadvodza labebakhetse yona babulawa ngemyalelo wakhe. Inkolelo ledvumile itsi babulawa ngekuphonswa phansi eweni lelikhulu entabeni manje leyatiwa ngekutsi yiNtabazinduna ("intaba yemadvuna"). Lokunye kulandzisa kutsi Nkulumane akazange abulawe nalabanye emadvuna, kodvwa waphindiselwa eBukhosini bemaZulu nebucembu lolukhulu lwalufaka emajoni. Ngesikhatsi ahamba aya eningizimu, wadlula endzaweni yemaBakwena enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTransvaal, edvute naseRustenburg. Ngaleso sikhatsi emaBakwena bekazama kubuyisela emuva kuhlaselwa lokuphindzaphindziwe yinkhosi leyakhelene nabo, lebeyifuna lomhlaba lebebahlala kuwo. Nkulumane wasita emaBakwena ngekuhola impi yakhe empini lapho yena Nkulumane abulala khona indvuna lebeyakhelene nabo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuncoba, emaBakwena ancenga Nkulumane kutsi ahlale endzaweni yawo, aphikisa ngekutsi bekungasizi ngalutfo kutsi abuyele eBukhosini bemaZulu ngobe titsa tababe wakhe betingambulala. Nkulumane wahlala kulendzawo futsi wahlala lapho nemndeni wakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1883. Lithuna lakhe, lelimbozwe ngelucwecwe lwebetoni, lisemaphethelweni eRustenburg ePhokeng. Indzawo yelithuna laNkulumane ibitwa ngendlela lengahambisani nemlandvo ngekutsi yiMzilikazi's Kop, nanobe kuyindvodzana yakhe leyingcwatjwe khona. Ngemuva kwekuphindze atsatsa indzima yakhe njengeNkhosi, Mzilikazi wasungula sive sakhe eNtabazinduna Mountain, futsi inhlokodolobha yakhe yekucala yaba seInyathi. Lapho wahlangana khona futsi nemngani wakhe wakadzeni Robert Moffat, labake bahlangana naye eSouth African Republic ngesikhatsi Moffat abuya eKuruman, lokwakungumnyaka lapho indvodzana yakhe Nkulumane yatalwa khona. Inyathi yashiywa nga-1859 ngemuva kwekufa kwelinye lemadvodzakati akhe lamakhulu, iNdlovukazi Loziba. Inhlokodolobha yakhe lelandzelako yasungulwa eMhlahlandlela eMatopo District, lapho angcwatjwe khona. Lena yaba yinhlokodolobha yakhe yesibili futsi yekugcina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eNqameni, edvute naseGwanda, nga-5 September 1868. == Lifa == === Tindlalifa letichamuka ngco kuMzilikazi (Umugca webukhosi) === INkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane, umsunguli webukhosi bemaNdebele (emaMatabele), wasungula likhaya lelikhulu lebukhosi lebelinemakhosikati lamanyenti nebantfwana labanyenti ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwakhe ngelikhulu leminyaka le-19.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> Imithombo yemlandvo iyavuma kutsi waba nebantfwana labanyenti, nanobe tinombolo leticondzile tehluka ngemithombo nangemasiko ekulandzisa ngemlomo.<ref name="autu"/> Tindlalifa letibalulekile emkhatsini wesiko lekulandzelana kwebukhosi tifaka: *'''INkhosana Nkulumane Khumalo''' — Nkulumane uvame kubhalwa emlandvweni njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi leyayizibulo kanye nendlalifa leyacala kukhetfwa. Eminye imithombo yemlandvo itsi wabandakanyeka engcupheni yekulwela bukhosi ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi awela esifundzeni saseZambezi, futsi kamuva wanyamalala etindzabeni tekulandzelana kwebukhosi, nanobe tati temlandvo tisaqhubeka tiphikisana ngaletimo leticondzile tekususwa kwakhe noma tekutfunjwa kwakhe.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Beach, David (1980): ''The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900–1850'', Heinemann</ref> *'''INkhosi Lobengula Khumalo''' — Lobengula kaMzilikazi walandzela njengeNkhosi yemaNdebele cishe nga-1870, waba yinkhosi yesibili kanye neyagcina yembuso wemaNdebele lowawukhululekile ngaphambi kwekwehlulwa kwawo eMpini yeMatabele yekucala (1893).<ref>Ranger, Terence (1967) ''Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896–97'', Heinemann</ref><ref>''Lobengula'', Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> Ukhonjiswa emithonjeni yemlandvo njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi, watalwa ngulomunye wemakhosikati akhe, lobunikati bakhe bubhalwe ngekuhlukahlukana emasikweni ekulandzisa ngemlomo nasemithonjeni lebhaliwe.<ref>Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood'', Penguin Books</ref> Mzilikazi walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe Lobengula. Kuzuza kwakhe umhlaba nemandla etembusave labekakutfole kukho konkhe kuphila kwakhe kwaba kwesikhashana, kodvwa, ngemuva kwekutsi baseYurophu batfole ligolide ngemnyaka munye ngaphambi kwekufa kwakhe. Lokutfolwa kweligolide kwadonsa [[Cecil Rhodes]] kanye nenkampani iBritish South Africa Company kuleyo ndzawo, kwagcina kuholele ki[[Rudd Concession ]] futsi, ekugcineni, i[[Mphi yasevenj leMatebele]]. Kungakapheli iminyaka lengemashumi lamatsatfu, emaNgisi ancoba, atsatsa indzawo yemaMatebele yafakwa ngaphasi kwesifundza saseRhodesia. Bukhosi bamanje besive saka[[Khumalo]] buchubeka ngeNkhosi [[Bulelani Lobengula Khumalo]], lowagcotjwa njengeNkhosi yesive semaNdebele. Uhlobene naleminye imiti yebukhosi, kufaka ekhatsi umndeni webukhosi bemaZulu, ngelifa lelibanti leNguni, loluhlanganisa timphandze tebukhokho letilingana naletingcwele letihlobanisa yena ngekucondza lokungasiko ngco neNkhosi [[Misuzulu kaZwelithini]] yemaZulu.<ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> == Sikhumbuto == Nga-1941, hulumende waseRhodesia wakha sikhumbuto saMzilikazi lesiseyindzawo ledvumile yekuhlonipha yena nanamuhla. Nga-1970, iDolobha laseBulawayo lasungula iMzilikazi Memorial Library, lelabhuku lelikhulu lelisedolobheni. Beka sitfombe sebuso benkhosi emnyango welabhuku ekugubheni iminyaka lengemakhulu yekufa kwakhe. Njalo ngemnyaka ngeNyoni, tinkhulungwane tebantfu tibuthana eMhlahlandlela (Mzilikazi Memorial Site) edvute naseBulawayo kute tikhumbule iNkhosi Mzilikazi, umsunguli wesive samaNdebele (Mthwakazi).<ref>''Colourful ceremony marks King Mzilikazi commemorations'', CITEZW, 11 September 2022</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi commemoration preps on'', Zimbabwe Independent, 17 August 2023</ref> [[ File:Mzilikazi's Grave.jpg |thumb|Litfuna laMzilikazi]] Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi imidanso yesintfu, tinkondlo, kulandzisa ngemlandvo kanye nemidlalo yemasiko, futsi uhlelwa tinhlangano temasiko letifana neMthwakazi kaMzilikazi Cultural Association (MMCA), kanye nemadvuna endzabuko kanye netitukulwane teNdlu yaKhumalo.<ref>''King Mzilikazi annual celebrations preparations on course'', The Herald, 15 July 2025</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi seminar starts at Mhlahlandlela'', The Herald, 5 September 2025</ref> Le mikhumbuto isebenta njengembutsano lobalulekile wemasiko lovuselela kukhumbula umlando kanye nebunikati besive emkhatsini wetitukulwane letincane tesive samaNdebele kanye nemiphakatsi yaseMatabeleland. Uvezwa ngumlingisi Mpilo Mbatha kuluchungechunge lwetemabonakudze loludrama, iShaka iLembe. ==Tinkhomba == {{Reflist}} i76xcrulorpwtea0y61z9xdujqgg21i 42883 42882 2026-09-07T06:17:46Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42883 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (watalwa mhlambe nga1790 – wafa ngeti-9 Inyoni 1868; lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''' ngokubhala kwebelumbi etincwadzini)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. == Imphilo yakhe yekucala == Mzilikazi watalwa ayindvodzana yaMashobane kaMangethe, indvuna yesive sebaka[[Khumalo]] saseNyakatfo, cishe nga-1790 edvute naseMkuze endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lebeseyingumgogodla wesive semaZulu. Unina kwakungu[[Nompethu kaZwide]], indvodzakati yeNkhosi [[Zwide kaLanga]] yema[[Ndwandwe]], lapho Mzilikazi akhulela khona. EmaNdwandwe bekasemncintisanweni nebaka[[Mthethwa]], lababeholwa ngu[[Dingiswayo]], kubangwa umhlaba. Sive sakaKhumalo besakhe [[eMfuleni uMfolozi Lomnyama]], emkhatsini walobukhosi lobumbili. Mzilikazi waba yindvuna yesive sakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeminyaka yabo-1820, ngemuva kwekutsi Mashobane abulawe nguZwide ngekusita Shaka kutsi abaleke. Mzilikazi wafunga kutsembeka ku[[Shaka Zulu]], lowayetsatse bukhosi bema[[Zulu]] ngebundlova futsi watsatsa kubusa kwenhlangano yemaMthethwa ngemuva kwekufa kwaDingiswayo, waphindze waba yindvuna yaShaka yemphi.<ref name="auti">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/king-mzilikaziKing Mzilikazi]< South African History Online, 13 September 2011, Accessed 22 January 2018</ref> == Kusuka KwaZulu== Shaka ekucaleni bekanelisekile ngendlela Mzilikazi lebekasebenta ngayo ekusekeleni sive semaZulu. Wamupha netinkhomo nemasotja. Kwaba nekwehlukana emkhatsini walabaholi lababili ngemuva kwekutsi Shaka abulale emawele a[[Ntombizodwa kaMashobana]], dzadzewabo waMzilikazi, lowagcine atiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Mafakasane]]. Nga-1823 Mzilikazi washiya iKwaZulu ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]] netinkhomo letinyenti taShaka. Akucaci kutsi weba yini tinkhomo taShaka noma watitsatsa ngekuhlasela tikhala letisedvute. Mzilikazi wacale waya endzaweni leseyi[[Mozambique]] namuhla, kodvwa nga-1826 wahamba waya entshonalanga eTransvaal ngenca yekuhlaselwa lokuchubekako kutitsa takhe, wahlanganisa bantfu labanyenti labavela etiveni letehlukene ngesikhatsi abancoba. Wahlasela umuti wema[[Ndzundza]] eSikhunjini, lapho khona iNkhosi yemaNdzundza, [[Magodongo]], kanye nalabanye batfunjwa lababulawa e[[Mfuleni iMkobola]]. Kuleminyaka lelishumi leyalandzela, Mzilikazi waba nemandla e[[Transvaal]]. Wacedza bonkhe labebamelene naye futsi wahlela kabusha tindzawo lebekatincobile kuze tihambisane nesakhiwo lesisha semaMatabele. Nga-1831, ngemuva kwekuncoba imphi nemaGriqua, Mzilikazi watsatsa umhlaba wemaGriqua lasedvute neNtsaba iGhaapse.<ref name="autu">Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood: The Rise and Conquests of Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matabele Tribe of Southern Africa'', Penguin Books</ref> Wasebentisa tindlela tokubulala wonke umuntfu longavumelani naye. Akwatiwa wabulala ngakhi yebantfu. == Kulwa nemaBhunu == Bantfu be[[Voortrekker]] bacala kufika eTransvaal, lapho Mzilikazi abekayinkhosi khona iminyaka lelishumi. Loku kwaholela ekubeni kube nekuhlangana lokunyenti nekulwa, lapho Mzilikazi ancoba khona lokunyenti, kwaze kwaba ngulapho emaVoortrekker agcine amnqoba. Lemphi yatsatsa iminyaka lemibili, ngesikhatsi emaMatabele alahlekelwa bantfu labanyenti. Ekuqaleni kwa-1838, Mzilikazi nebantfu bakhe baphoceleleka kutsi baye enyakatfo, bawela uMfula iLimpopo bayishiya iTransvaal. Wanquma kwehlukanisa licembu lakhe laba mabili. Lelinye lalilwa macembu lahamba laya enyakatfo liholwa ngumholi wemphi [[Nkulumane]], indvodzana yaMzilikazi, kanye na[[Gundwane Ndiweni]], lowahola incenye yemaNdebele yawela uMfula iLimpopo ngaphandle kwaMzilikazi.<ref name="autu"/> Lokunye kuhlaselwa kwaphocelela Mzilikazi kutsi aphindze ahambe, ekucaleni aye entshonalanga endzaweni leseyiBotswana namuhla, bese kamuva uya enyakatfo endzaweni leseyiZambia namuhla. Akakwazanga kuhlala kulowo mhlaba ngenca yekuba khona kwetimpukane i-tsetse, lebetitfwala tifo letibulala tinkhomo. Ngako-ke Mzilikazi waphindze wahamba, kulokwekugcina waya eningizimu-mpumalanga endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yiMatabeleland, leseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZimbabwe yanamuhla. Wahlala khona nga-1840, lapho aphindze wahlangana khona neliqembu lelehlukana lebeliholwa nguNdiweni naNkulumane.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekufika kwakhe, wahlela balandzeli bakhe baba ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sempi lesinemacembu etibhamu, lesifana naleso saShaka. Ngaphansi kwekuhola kwakhe, emaMatabele aba nemandla lamakhulu kangangekutsi akwazi kubuyisela emuva kuhlasela kwemaBhunu ngeminyaka yabo-1847–1851 futsi acinisekise hulumende weSouth African Republic kutsi asayine sivumelwano sekuthula naMzilikazi nga-1852. == Umbuso wemaMatabele == Ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi bekavame kuba nebuhlobo lobuhle nebavakashi baseYurophu, wachubeka akwati ingoti lebebayibeka embusweni wakhe. Eminyakeni yakhe yekugcina, wala kuvumela labanye bavakashi kutsi bangene endzaweni yakhe. Bantfu baseYurophu labahlangana naMzilikazi bafaka Henry Hartley, umtingeli nelihloli; Robert Moffat, isithunywa selivangeli; John Mackenzie, isithunywa selivangeli; David Hume, lihloli nemthengisi; Andrew Smith, udokotela, umcwaningi wetive nesilwane; William Cornwallis Harris, umtingeli; lihloli lesithunywa selivangeli David Livingstone; kanye nelihloli laseJalimane Karl Mauch.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwakhe ngemaBhunu aseTransvaal ngesikhatsi sive sakhe sihamba enyakatfo yeLimpopo, Mzilikazi wehlukana nencenye lenkhulu yesive sakhe. Bantfu bakhe bacabanga kutsi ufile futsi bakhetsa indlalifa yakhe lencane, Nkulumane, kutsi ibe ngumlandzeli wakhe. Kodvwa Mzilikazi waphindze wavela ngemuva kweluhambo lolwalumhluphile lolwadlula eSigodzini saseZambezi futsi waphindze watsatsa kulawula. Ngekusho kwalokunye kulandzisa, indvodzana yakhe kanye nawo onkhe emadvodza labebakhetse yona babulawa ngemyalelo wakhe. Inkolelo ledvumile itsi babulawa ngekuphonswa phansi eweni lelikhulu entabeni manje leyatiwa ngekutsi yiNtabazinduna ("intaba yemadvuna"). Lokunye kulandzisa kutsi Nkulumane akazange abulawe nalabanye emadvuna, kodvwa waphindiselwa eBukhosini bemaZulu nebucembu lolukhulu lwalufaka emajoni. Ngesikhatsi ahamba aya eningizimu, wadlula endzaweni yemaBakwena enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTransvaal, edvute naseRustenburg. Ngaleso sikhatsi emaBakwena bekazama kubuyisela emuva kuhlaselwa lokuphindzaphindziwe yinkhosi leyakhelene nabo, lebeyifuna lomhlaba lebebahlala kuwo. Nkulumane wasita emaBakwena ngekuhola impi yakhe empini lapho yena Nkulumane abulala khona indvuna lebeyakhelene nabo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuncoba, emaBakwena ancenga Nkulumane kutsi ahlale endzaweni yawo, aphikisa ngekutsi bekungasizi ngalutfo kutsi abuyele eBukhosini bemaZulu ngobe titsa tababe wakhe betingambulala. Nkulumane wahlala kulendzawo futsi wahlala lapho nemndeni wakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1883. Lithuna lakhe, lelimbozwe ngelucwecwe lwebetoni, lisemaphethelweni eRustenburg ePhokeng. Indzawo yelithuna laNkulumane ibitwa ngendlela lengahambisani nemlandvo ngekutsi yiMzilikazi's Kop, nanobe kuyindvodzana yakhe leyingcwatjwe khona. Ngemuva kwekuphindze atsatsa indzima yakhe njengeNkhosi, Mzilikazi wasungula sive sakhe eNtabazinduna Mountain, futsi inhlokodolobha yakhe yekucala yaba seInyathi. Lapho wahlangana khona futsi nemngani wakhe wakadzeni Robert Moffat, labake bahlangana naye eSouth African Republic ngesikhatsi Moffat abuya eKuruman, lokwakungumnyaka lapho indvodzana yakhe Nkulumane yatalwa khona. Inyathi yashiywa nga-1859 ngemuva kwekufa kwelinye lemadvodzakati akhe lamakhulu, iNdlovukazi Loziba. Inhlokodolobha yakhe lelandzelako yasungulwa eMhlahlandlela eMatopo District, lapho angcwatjwe khona. Lena yaba yinhlokodolobha yakhe yesibili futsi yekugcina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eNqameni, edvute naseGwanda, nga-5 September 1868. == Lifa == === Tindlalifa letichamuka ngco kuMzilikazi (Umugca webukhosi) === INkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane, umsunguli webukhosi bemaNdebele (emaMatabele), wasungula likhaya lelikhulu lebukhosi lebelinemakhosikati lamanyenti nebantfwana labanyenti ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwakhe ngelikhulu leminyaka le-19.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> Imithombo yemlandvo iyavuma kutsi waba nebantfwana labanyenti, nanobe tinombolo leticondzile tehluka ngemithombo nangemasiko ekulandzisa ngemlomo.<ref name="autu"/> Tindlalifa letibalulekile emkhatsini wesiko lekulandzelana kwebukhosi tifaka: *'''INkhosana Nkulumane Khumalo''' — Nkulumane uvame kubhalwa emlandvweni njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi leyayizibulo kanye nendlalifa leyacala kukhetfwa. Eminye imithombo yemlandvo itsi wabandakanyeka engcupheni yekulwela bukhosi ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi awela esifundzeni saseZambezi, futsi kamuva wanyamalala etindzabeni tekulandzelana kwebukhosi, nanobe tati temlandvo tisaqhubeka tiphikisana ngaletimo leticondzile tekususwa kwakhe noma tekutfunjwa kwakhe.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Beach, David (1980): ''The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900–1850'', Heinemann</ref> *'''INkhosi Lobengula Khumalo''' — Lobengula kaMzilikazi walandzela njengeNkhosi yemaNdebele cishe nga-1870, waba yinkhosi yesibili kanye neyagcina yembuso wemaNdebele lowawukhululekile ngaphambi kwekwehlulwa kwawo eMpini yeMatabele yekucala (1893).<ref>Ranger, Terence (1967) ''Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896–97'', Heinemann</ref><ref>''Lobengula'', Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> Ukhonjiswa emithonjeni yemlandvo njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi, watalwa ngulomunye wemakhosikati akhe, lobunikati bakhe bubhalwe ngekuhlukahlukana emasikweni ekulandzisa ngemlomo nasemithonjeni lebhaliwe.<ref>Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood'', Penguin Books</ref> Mzilikazi walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe Lobengula. Kuzuza kwakhe umhlaba nemandla etembusave labekakutfole kukho konkhe kuphila kwakhe kwaba kwesikhashana, kodvwa, ngemuva kwekutsi baseYurophu batfole ligolide ngemnyaka munye ngaphambi kwekufa kwakhe. Lokutfolwa kweligolide kwadonsa [[Cecil Rhodes]] kanye nenkampani iBritish South Africa Company kuleyo ndzawo, kwagcina kuholele ki[[Rudd Concession ]] futsi, ekugcineni, i[[Mphi yasevenj leMatebele]]. Kungakapheli iminyaka lengemashumi lamatsatfu, emaNgisi ancoba, atsatsa indzawo yemaMatebele yafakwa ngaphasi kwesifundza saseRhodesia. Bukhosi bamanje besive saka[[Khumalo]] buchubeka ngeNkhosi [[Bulelani Lobengula Khumalo]], lowagcotjwa njengeNkhosi yesive semaNdebele. Uhlobene naleminye imiti yebukhosi, kufaka ekhatsi umndeni webukhosi bemaZulu, ngelifa lelibanti leNguni, loluhlanganisa timphandze tebukhokho letilingana naletingcwele letihlobanisa yena ngekucondza lokungasiko ngco neNkhosi [[Misuzulu kaZwelithini]] yemaZulu.<ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> == Sikhumbuto == Nga-1941, hulumende waseRhodesia wakha sikhumbuto saMzilikazi lesiseyindzawo ledvumile yekuhlonipha yena nanamuhla. Nga-1970, iDolobha laseBulawayo lasungula iMzilikazi Memorial Library, lelabhuku lelikhulu lelisedolobheni. Beka sitfombe sebuso benkhosi emnyango welabhuku ekugubheni iminyaka lengemakhulu yekufa kwakhe. Njalo ngemnyaka ngeNyoni, tinkhulungwane tebantfu tibuthana eMhlahlandlela (Mzilikazi Memorial Site) edvute naseBulawayo kute tikhumbule iNkhosi Mzilikazi, umsunguli wesive samaNdebele (Mthwakazi).<ref>''Colourful ceremony marks King Mzilikazi commemorations'', CITEZW, 11 September 2022</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi commemoration preps on'', Zimbabwe Independent, 17 August 2023</ref> [[ File:Mzilikazi's Grave.jpg |thumb|Litfuna laMzilikazi]] Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi imidanso yesintfu, tinkondlo, kulandzisa ngemlandvo kanye nemidlalo yemasiko, futsi uhlelwa tinhlangano temasiko letifana neMthwakazi kaMzilikazi Cultural Association (MMCA), kanye nemadvuna endzabuko kanye netitukulwane teNdlu yaKhumalo.<ref>''King Mzilikazi annual celebrations preparations on course'', The Herald, 15 July 2025</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi seminar starts at Mhlahlandlela'', The Herald, 5 September 2025</ref> Le mikhumbuto isebenta njengembutsano lobalulekile wemasiko lovuselela kukhumbula umlando kanye nebunikati besive emkhatsini wetitukulwane letincane tesive samaNdebele kanye nemiphakatsi yaseMatabeleland. Uvezwa ngumlingisi Mpilo Mbatha kuluchungechunge lwetemabonakudze loludrama, iShaka iLembe. ==Tinkhomba == {{Reflist}} rald6cl7wl8wmobf9gtcsctqxdgh7a8 42884 42883 2026-09-07T06:18:47Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42884 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (watalwa mhlambe ngokubekisa nga1790 – wafa ngeti-9 Inyoni 1868; lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''' ngokubhala kwebelumbi etincwadzini)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. == Imphilo yakhe yekucala == Mzilikazi watalwa ayindvodzana yaMashobane kaMangethe, indvuna yesive sebaka[[Khumalo]] saseNyakatfo, cishe nga-1790 edvute naseMkuze endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lebeseyingumgogodla wesive semaZulu. Unina kwakungu[[Nompethu kaZwide]], indvodzakati yeNkhosi [[Zwide kaLanga]] yema[[Ndwandwe]], lapho Mzilikazi akhulela khona. EmaNdwandwe bekasemncintisanweni nebaka[[Mthethwa]], lababeholwa ngu[[Dingiswayo]], kubangwa umhlaba. Sive sakaKhumalo besakhe [[eMfuleni uMfolozi Lomnyama]], emkhatsini walobukhosi lobumbili. Mzilikazi waba yindvuna yesive sakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeminyaka yabo-1820, ngemuva kwekutsi Mashobane abulawe nguZwide ngekusita Shaka kutsi abaleke. Mzilikazi wafunga kutsembeka ku[[Shaka Zulu]], lowayetsatse bukhosi bema[[Zulu]] ngebundlova futsi watsatsa kubusa kwenhlangano yemaMthethwa ngemuva kwekufa kwaDingiswayo, waphindze waba yindvuna yaShaka yemphi.<ref name="auti">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/king-mzilikaziKing Mzilikazi]< South African History Online, 13 September 2011, Accessed 22 January 2018</ref> == Kusuka KwaZulu== Shaka ekucaleni bekanelisekile ngendlela Mzilikazi lebekasebenta ngayo ekusekeleni sive semaZulu. Wamupha netinkhomo nemasotja. Kwaba nekwehlukana emkhatsini walabaholi lababili ngemuva kwekutsi Shaka abulale emawele a[[Ntombizodwa kaMashobana]], dzadzewabo waMzilikazi, lowagcine atiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Mafakasane]]. Nga-1823 Mzilikazi washiya iKwaZulu ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]] netinkhomo letinyenti taShaka. Akucaci kutsi weba yini tinkhomo taShaka noma watitsatsa ngekuhlasela tikhala letisedvute. Mzilikazi wacale waya endzaweni leseyi[[Mozambique]] namuhla, kodvwa nga-1826 wahamba waya entshonalanga eTransvaal ngenca yekuhlaselwa lokuchubekako kutitsa takhe, wahlanganisa bantfu labanyenti labavela etiveni letehlukene ngesikhatsi abancoba. Wahlasela umuti wema[[Ndzundza]] eSikhunjini, lapho khona iNkhosi yemaNdzundza, [[Magodongo]], kanye nalabanye batfunjwa lababulawa e[[Mfuleni iMkobola]]. Kuleminyaka lelishumi leyalandzela, Mzilikazi waba nemandla e[[Transvaal]]. Wacedza bonkhe labebamelene naye futsi wahlela kabusha tindzawo lebekatincobile kuze tihambisane nesakhiwo lesisha semaMatabele. Nga-1831, ngemuva kwekuncoba imphi nemaGriqua, Mzilikazi watsatsa umhlaba wemaGriqua lasedvute neNtsaba iGhaapse.<ref name="autu">Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood: The Rise and Conquests of Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matabele Tribe of Southern Africa'', Penguin Books</ref> Wasebentisa tindlela tokubulala wonke umuntfu longavumelani naye. Akwatiwa wabulala ngakhi yebantfu. == Kulwa nemaBhunu == Bantfu be[[Voortrekker]] bacala kufika eTransvaal, lapho Mzilikazi abekayinkhosi khona iminyaka lelishumi. Loku kwaholela ekubeni kube nekuhlangana lokunyenti nekulwa, lapho Mzilikazi ancoba khona lokunyenti, kwaze kwaba ngulapho emaVoortrekker agcine amnqoba. Lemphi yatsatsa iminyaka lemibili, ngesikhatsi emaMatabele alahlekelwa bantfu labanyenti. Ekuqaleni kwa-1838, Mzilikazi nebantfu bakhe baphoceleleka kutsi baye enyakatfo, bawela uMfula iLimpopo bayishiya iTransvaal. Wanquma kwehlukanisa licembu lakhe laba mabili. Lelinye lalilwa macembu lahamba laya enyakatfo liholwa ngumholi wemphi [[Nkulumane]], indvodzana yaMzilikazi, kanye na[[Gundwane Ndiweni]], lowahola incenye yemaNdebele yawela uMfula iLimpopo ngaphandle kwaMzilikazi.<ref name="autu"/> Lokunye kuhlaselwa kwaphocelela Mzilikazi kutsi aphindze ahambe, ekucaleni aye entshonalanga endzaweni leseyiBotswana namuhla, bese kamuva uya enyakatfo endzaweni leseyiZambia namuhla. Akakwazanga kuhlala kulowo mhlaba ngenca yekuba khona kwetimpukane i-tsetse, lebetitfwala tifo letibulala tinkhomo. Ngako-ke Mzilikazi waphindze wahamba, kulokwekugcina waya eningizimu-mpumalanga endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yiMatabeleland, leseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZimbabwe yanamuhla. Wahlala khona nga-1840, lapho aphindze wahlangana khona neliqembu lelehlukana lebeliholwa nguNdiweni naNkulumane.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekufika kwakhe, wahlela balandzeli bakhe baba ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sempi lesinemacembu etibhamu, lesifana naleso saShaka. Ngaphansi kwekuhola kwakhe, emaMatabele aba nemandla lamakhulu kangangekutsi akwazi kubuyisela emuva kuhlasela kwemaBhunu ngeminyaka yabo-1847–1851 futsi acinisekise hulumende weSouth African Republic kutsi asayine sivumelwano sekuthula naMzilikazi nga-1852. == Umbuso wemaMatabele == Ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi bekavame kuba nebuhlobo lobuhle nebavakashi baseYurophu, wachubeka akwati ingoti lebebayibeka embusweni wakhe. Eminyakeni yakhe yekugcina, wala kuvumela labanye bavakashi kutsi bangene endzaweni yakhe. Bantfu baseYurophu labahlangana naMzilikazi bafaka Henry Hartley, umtingeli nelihloli; Robert Moffat, isithunywa selivangeli; John Mackenzie, isithunywa selivangeli; David Hume, lihloli nemthengisi; Andrew Smith, udokotela, umcwaningi wetive nesilwane; William Cornwallis Harris, umtingeli; lihloli lesithunywa selivangeli David Livingstone; kanye nelihloli laseJalimane Karl Mauch.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwakhe ngemaBhunu aseTransvaal ngesikhatsi sive sakhe sihamba enyakatfo yeLimpopo, Mzilikazi wehlukana nencenye lenkhulu yesive sakhe. Bantfu bakhe bacabanga kutsi ufile futsi bakhetsa indlalifa yakhe lencane, Nkulumane, kutsi ibe ngumlandzeli wakhe. Kodvwa Mzilikazi waphindze wavela ngemuva kweluhambo lolwalumhluphile lolwadlula eSigodzini saseZambezi futsi waphindze watsatsa kulawula. Ngekusho kwalokunye kulandzisa, indvodzana yakhe kanye nawo onkhe emadvodza labebakhetse yona babulawa ngemyalelo wakhe. Inkolelo ledvumile itsi babulawa ngekuphonswa phansi eweni lelikhulu entabeni manje leyatiwa ngekutsi yiNtabazinduna ("intaba yemadvuna"). Lokunye kulandzisa kutsi Nkulumane akazange abulawe nalabanye emadvuna, kodvwa waphindiselwa eBukhosini bemaZulu nebucembu lolukhulu lwalufaka emajoni. Ngesikhatsi ahamba aya eningizimu, wadlula endzaweni yemaBakwena enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTransvaal, edvute naseRustenburg. Ngaleso sikhatsi emaBakwena bekazama kubuyisela emuva kuhlaselwa lokuphindzaphindziwe yinkhosi leyakhelene nabo, lebeyifuna lomhlaba lebebahlala kuwo. Nkulumane wasita emaBakwena ngekuhola impi yakhe empini lapho yena Nkulumane abulala khona indvuna lebeyakhelene nabo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuncoba, emaBakwena ancenga Nkulumane kutsi ahlale endzaweni yawo, aphikisa ngekutsi bekungasizi ngalutfo kutsi abuyele eBukhosini bemaZulu ngobe titsa tababe wakhe betingambulala. Nkulumane wahlala kulendzawo futsi wahlala lapho nemndeni wakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1883. Lithuna lakhe, lelimbozwe ngelucwecwe lwebetoni, lisemaphethelweni eRustenburg ePhokeng. Indzawo yelithuna laNkulumane ibitwa ngendlela lengahambisani nemlandvo ngekutsi yiMzilikazi's Kop, nanobe kuyindvodzana yakhe leyingcwatjwe khona. Ngemuva kwekuphindze atsatsa indzima yakhe njengeNkhosi, Mzilikazi wasungula sive sakhe eNtabazinduna Mountain, futsi inhlokodolobha yakhe yekucala yaba seInyathi. Lapho wahlangana khona futsi nemngani wakhe wakadzeni Robert Moffat, labake bahlangana naye eSouth African Republic ngesikhatsi Moffat abuya eKuruman, lokwakungumnyaka lapho indvodzana yakhe Nkulumane yatalwa khona. Inyathi yashiywa nga-1859 ngemuva kwekufa kwelinye lemadvodzakati akhe lamakhulu, iNdlovukazi Loziba. Inhlokodolobha yakhe lelandzelako yasungulwa eMhlahlandlela eMatopo District, lapho angcwatjwe khona. Lena yaba yinhlokodolobha yakhe yesibili futsi yekugcina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eNqameni, edvute naseGwanda, nga-5 September 1868. == Lifa == === Tindlalifa letichamuka ngco kuMzilikazi (Umugca webukhosi) === INkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane, umsunguli webukhosi bemaNdebele (emaMatabele), wasungula likhaya lelikhulu lebukhosi lebelinemakhosikati lamanyenti nebantfwana labanyenti ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwakhe ngelikhulu leminyaka le-19.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> Imithombo yemlandvo iyavuma kutsi waba nebantfwana labanyenti, nanobe tinombolo leticondzile tehluka ngemithombo nangemasiko ekulandzisa ngemlomo.<ref name="autu"/> Tindlalifa letibalulekile emkhatsini wesiko lekulandzelana kwebukhosi tifaka: *'''INkhosana Nkulumane Khumalo''' — Nkulumane uvame kubhalwa emlandvweni njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi leyayizibulo kanye nendlalifa leyacala kukhetfwa. Eminye imithombo yemlandvo itsi wabandakanyeka engcupheni yekulwela bukhosi ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi awela esifundzeni saseZambezi, futsi kamuva wanyamalala etindzabeni tekulandzelana kwebukhosi, nanobe tati temlandvo tisaqhubeka tiphikisana ngaletimo leticondzile tekususwa kwakhe noma tekutfunjwa kwakhe.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Beach, David (1980): ''The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900–1850'', Heinemann</ref> *'''INkhosi Lobengula Khumalo''' — Lobengula kaMzilikazi walandzela njengeNkhosi yemaNdebele cishe nga-1870, waba yinkhosi yesibili kanye neyagcina yembuso wemaNdebele lowawukhululekile ngaphambi kwekwehlulwa kwawo eMpini yeMatabele yekucala (1893).<ref>Ranger, Terence (1967) ''Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896–97'', Heinemann</ref><ref>''Lobengula'', Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> Ukhonjiswa emithonjeni yemlandvo njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi, watalwa ngulomunye wemakhosikati akhe, lobunikati bakhe bubhalwe ngekuhlukahlukana emasikweni ekulandzisa ngemlomo nasemithonjeni lebhaliwe.<ref>Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood'', Penguin Books</ref> Mzilikazi walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe Lobengula. Kuzuza kwakhe umhlaba nemandla etembusave labekakutfole kukho konkhe kuphila kwakhe kwaba kwesikhashana, kodvwa, ngemuva kwekutsi baseYurophu batfole ligolide ngemnyaka munye ngaphambi kwekufa kwakhe. Lokutfolwa kweligolide kwadonsa [[Cecil Rhodes]] kanye nenkampani iBritish South Africa Company kuleyo ndzawo, kwagcina kuholele ki[[Rudd Concession ]] futsi, ekugcineni, i[[Mphi yasevenj leMatebele]]. Kungakapheli iminyaka lengemashumi lamatsatfu, emaNgisi ancoba, atsatsa indzawo yemaMatebele yafakwa ngaphasi kwesifundza saseRhodesia. Bukhosi bamanje besive saka[[Khumalo]] buchubeka ngeNkhosi [[Bulelani Lobengula Khumalo]], lowagcotjwa njengeNkhosi yesive semaNdebele. Uhlobene naleminye imiti yebukhosi, kufaka ekhatsi umndeni webukhosi bemaZulu, ngelifa lelibanti leNguni, loluhlanganisa timphandze tebukhokho letilingana naletingcwele letihlobanisa yena ngekucondza lokungasiko ngco neNkhosi [[Misuzulu kaZwelithini]] yemaZulu.<ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> == Sikhumbuto == Nga-1941, hulumende waseRhodesia wakha sikhumbuto saMzilikazi lesiseyindzawo ledvumile yekuhlonipha yena nanamuhla. Nga-1970, iDolobha laseBulawayo lasungula iMzilikazi Memorial Library, lelabhuku lelikhulu lelisedolobheni. Beka sitfombe sebuso benkhosi emnyango welabhuku ekugubheni iminyaka lengemakhulu yekufa kwakhe. Njalo ngemnyaka ngeNyoni, tinkhulungwane tebantfu tibuthana eMhlahlandlela (Mzilikazi Memorial Site) edvute naseBulawayo kute tikhumbule iNkhosi Mzilikazi, umsunguli wesive samaNdebele (Mthwakazi).<ref>''Colourful ceremony marks King Mzilikazi commemorations'', CITEZW, 11 September 2022</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi commemoration preps on'', Zimbabwe Independent, 17 August 2023</ref> [[ File:Mzilikazi's Grave.jpg |thumb|Litfuna laMzilikazi]] Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi imidanso yesintfu, tinkondlo, kulandzisa ngemlandvo kanye nemidlalo yemasiko, futsi uhlelwa tinhlangano temasiko letifana neMthwakazi kaMzilikazi Cultural Association (MMCA), kanye nemadvuna endzabuko kanye netitukulwane teNdlu yaKhumalo.<ref>''King Mzilikazi annual celebrations preparations on course'', The Herald, 15 July 2025</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi seminar starts at Mhlahlandlela'', The Herald, 5 September 2025</ref> Le mikhumbuto isebenta njengembutsano lobalulekile wemasiko lovuselela kukhumbula umlando kanye nebunikati besive emkhatsini wetitukulwane letincane tesive samaNdebele kanye nemiphakatsi yaseMatabeleland. Uvezwa ngumlingisi Mpilo Mbatha kuluchungechunge lwetemabonakudze loludrama, iShaka iLembe. ==Tinkhomba == {{Reflist}} stgb6jwtwi1vux2apzxrkjgvmalsjpb 42885 42884 2026-09-07T06:19:16Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mzilikazi kaMashobane'''<ref name="auto">Mark R. ''Dictionary of African Historical Biography'', Heinemann, 1978, Pages 167–168, ISBN 0-435-94711-7</ref> (watalwa mhlambe ngokubekisa nga1790 – wafa ngeti-9 Inyoni 1868; lobekatiwa nangekutsi ngu'''Mzilikazi Khumalo''' noma '''Moselekatse''', ngokubhala kwebelumbi etincwadzini)<ref>Harris, William Cornwallis (1889) ''The Wild Sports of Southern Africa: Being the Narrative of an Expedition from the Cape of Good Hope, Through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse, to the Tropic of Capricorn'', John Murray, London. Page 151</ref> bekayiNkhosi yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] kanye nomsunguli webukhosi bema[[Ndebele aseNyakatfo]], noma ema[[Matabele]], endzaweni leseNingizimu ne[[Zimbabwe]] yanamuhla, leyatiwa nangekutsi ngu[[Umbuso waseMthwakazi|Mbuso waseMthwakazi]]. [[File:Mzilikazi~detail.jpg|thumb|Mzilikazi, njengoba aboniswa nguWilliam Cornwallis Harris, c. 1836]] Watalwa edvute nase[[Mkuze]] endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lapho ahola balandzeli bakhe baya enyakatfo basuka [[KwaZulu]] ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]]. Endleleni wahlanganisa bantfu labavela etiveni letehlukene, maphindze wasungula umbuso lonemandla endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yi[[Matabeleland]]. Balandzeli bakhe bagcine batiwa ngekutsi ngemaNdebele aseZimbabwe. Labanyenti bambuka njengemholi wemphi lomkhulu kunabo bonkhe eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kweNkhosi yemaZulu, [[Shaka Zulu]]. Encwadzini yakhe yekuphila, [[David Livingstone]] wachaza Mzilikazi njengemholi wesibili lamhlonipha kakhulu kubo bonkhe baholi lahlangana nabo eveni lase-Afrika. == Imphilo yakhe yekucala == Mzilikazi watalwa ayindvodzana yaMashobane kaMangethe, indvuna yesive sebaka[[Khumalo]] saseNyakatfo, cishe nga-1790 edvute naseMkuze endzaweni leseyi[[KwaZulu-Natal]] namuhla, lebeseyingumgogodla wesive semaZulu. Unina kwakungu[[Nompethu kaZwide]], indvodzakati yeNkhosi [[Zwide kaLanga]] yema[[Ndwandwe]], lapho Mzilikazi akhulela khona. EmaNdwandwe bekasemncintisanweni nebaka[[Mthethwa]], lababeholwa ngu[[Dingiswayo]], kubangwa umhlaba. Sive sakaKhumalo besakhe [[eMfuleni uMfolozi Lomnyama]], emkhatsini walobukhosi lobumbili. Mzilikazi waba yindvuna yesive sakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeminyaka yabo-1820, ngemuva kwekutsi Mashobane abulawe nguZwide ngekusita Shaka kutsi abaleke. Mzilikazi wafunga kutsembeka ku[[Shaka Zulu]], lowayetsatse bukhosi bema[[Zulu]] ngebundlova futsi watsatsa kubusa kwenhlangano yemaMthethwa ngemuva kwekufa kwaDingiswayo, waphindze waba yindvuna yaShaka yemphi.<ref name="auti">[https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/king-mzilikaziKing Mzilikazi]< South African History Online, 13 September 2011, Accessed 22 January 2018</ref> == Kusuka KwaZulu== Shaka ekucaleni bekanelisekile ngendlela Mzilikazi lebekasebenta ngayo ekusekeleni sive semaZulu. Wamupha netinkhomo nemasotja. Kwaba nekwehlukana emkhatsini walabaholi lababili ngemuva kwekutsi Shaka abulale emawele a[[Ntombizodwa kaMashobana]], dzadzewabo waMzilikazi, lowagcine atiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Mafakasane]]. Nga-1823 Mzilikazi washiya iKwaZulu ngesikhatsi se[[Mfekane]] netinkhomo letinyenti taShaka. Akucaci kutsi weba yini tinkhomo taShaka noma watitsatsa ngekuhlasela tikhala letisedvute. Mzilikazi wacale waya endzaweni leseyi[[Mozambique]] namuhla, kodvwa nga-1826 wahamba waya entshonalanga eTransvaal ngenca yekuhlaselwa lokuchubekako kutitsa takhe, wahlanganisa bantfu labanyenti labavela etiveni letehlukene ngesikhatsi abancoba. Wahlasela umuti wema[[Ndzundza]] eSikhunjini, lapho khona iNkhosi yemaNdzundza, [[Magodongo]], kanye nalabanye batfunjwa lababulawa e[[Mfuleni iMkobola]]. Kuleminyaka lelishumi leyalandzela, Mzilikazi waba nemandla e[[Transvaal]]. Wacedza bonkhe labebamelene naye futsi wahlela kabusha tindzawo lebekatincobile kuze tihambisane nesakhiwo lesisha semaMatabele. Nga-1831, ngemuva kwekuncoba imphi nemaGriqua, Mzilikazi watsatsa umhlaba wemaGriqua lasedvute neNtsaba iGhaapse.<ref name="autu">Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood: The Rise and Conquests of Mzilikazi, Founder of the Matabele Tribe of Southern Africa'', Penguin Books</ref> Wasebentisa tindlela tokubulala wonke umuntfu longavumelani naye. Akwatiwa wabulala ngakhi yebantfu. == Kulwa nemaBhunu == Bantfu be[[Voortrekker]] bacala kufika eTransvaal, lapho Mzilikazi abekayinkhosi khona iminyaka lelishumi. Loku kwaholela ekubeni kube nekuhlangana lokunyenti nekulwa, lapho Mzilikazi ancoba khona lokunyenti, kwaze kwaba ngulapho emaVoortrekker agcine amnqoba. Lemphi yatsatsa iminyaka lemibili, ngesikhatsi emaMatabele alahlekelwa bantfu labanyenti. Ekuqaleni kwa-1838, Mzilikazi nebantfu bakhe baphoceleleka kutsi baye enyakatfo, bawela uMfula iLimpopo bayishiya iTransvaal. Wanquma kwehlukanisa licembu lakhe laba mabili. Lelinye lalilwa macembu lahamba laya enyakatfo liholwa ngumholi wemphi [[Nkulumane]], indvodzana yaMzilikazi, kanye na[[Gundwane Ndiweni]], lowahola incenye yemaNdebele yawela uMfula iLimpopo ngaphandle kwaMzilikazi.<ref name="autu"/> Lokunye kuhlaselwa kwaphocelela Mzilikazi kutsi aphindze ahambe, ekucaleni aye entshonalanga endzaweni leseyiBotswana namuhla, bese kamuva uya enyakatfo endzaweni leseyiZambia namuhla. Akakwazanga kuhlala kulowo mhlaba ngenca yekuba khona kwetimpukane i-tsetse, lebetitfwala tifo letibulala tinkhomo. Ngako-ke Mzilikazi waphindze wahamba, kulokwekugcina waya eningizimu-mpumalanga endzaweni leyagcina yatiwa ngekutsi yiMatabeleland, leseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeZimbabwe yanamuhla. Wahlala khona nga-1840, lapho aphindze wahlangana khona neliqembu lelehlukana lebeliholwa nguNdiweni naNkulumane.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekufika kwakhe, wahlela balandzeli bakhe baba ngaphansi kwesakhiwo sempi lesinemacembu etibhamu, lesifana naleso saShaka. Ngaphansi kwekuhola kwakhe, emaMatabele aba nemandla lamakhulu kangangekutsi akwazi kubuyisela emuva kuhlasela kwemaBhunu ngeminyaka yabo-1847–1851 futsi acinisekise hulumende weSouth African Republic kutsi asayine sivumelwano sekuthula naMzilikazi nga-1852. == Umbuso wemaMatabele == Ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi bekavame kuba nebuhlobo lobuhle nebavakashi baseYurophu, wachubeka akwati ingoti lebebayibeka embusweni wakhe. Eminyakeni yakhe yekugcina, wala kuvumela labanye bavakashi kutsi bangene endzaweni yakhe. Bantfu baseYurophu labahlangana naMzilikazi bafaka Henry Hartley, umtingeli nelihloli; Robert Moffat, isithunywa selivangeli; John Mackenzie, isithunywa selivangeli; David Hume, lihloli nemthengisi; Andrew Smith, udokotela, umcwaningi wetive nesilwane; William Cornwallis Harris, umtingeli; lihloli lesithunywa selivangeli David Livingstone; kanye nelihloli laseJalimane Karl Mauch.<ref name="autu"/> Ngemuva kwekuncotjwa kwakhe ngemaBhunu aseTransvaal ngesikhatsi sive sakhe sihamba enyakatfo yeLimpopo, Mzilikazi wehlukana nencenye lenkhulu yesive sakhe. Bantfu bakhe bacabanga kutsi ufile futsi bakhetsa indlalifa yakhe lencane, Nkulumane, kutsi ibe ngumlandzeli wakhe. Kodvwa Mzilikazi waphindze wavela ngemuva kweluhambo lolwalumhluphile lolwadlula eSigodzini saseZambezi futsi waphindze watsatsa kulawula. Ngekusho kwalokunye kulandzisa, indvodzana yakhe kanye nawo onkhe emadvodza labebakhetse yona babulawa ngemyalelo wakhe. Inkolelo ledvumile itsi babulawa ngekuphonswa phansi eweni lelikhulu entabeni manje leyatiwa ngekutsi yiNtabazinduna ("intaba yemadvuna"). Lokunye kulandzisa kutsi Nkulumane akazange abulawe nalabanye emadvuna, kodvwa waphindiselwa eBukhosini bemaZulu nebucembu lolukhulu lwalufaka emajoni. Ngesikhatsi ahamba aya eningizimu, wadlula endzaweni yemaBakwena enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTransvaal, edvute naseRustenburg. Ngaleso sikhatsi emaBakwena bekazama kubuyisela emuva kuhlaselwa lokuphindzaphindziwe yinkhosi leyakhelene nabo, lebeyifuna lomhlaba lebebahlala kuwo. Nkulumane wasita emaBakwena ngekuhola impi yakhe empini lapho yena Nkulumane abulala khona indvuna lebeyakhelene nabo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuncoba, emaBakwena ancenga Nkulumane kutsi ahlale endzaweni yawo, aphikisa ngekutsi bekungasizi ngalutfo kutsi abuyele eBukhosini bemaZulu ngobe titsa tababe wakhe betingambulala. Nkulumane wahlala kulendzawo futsi wahlala lapho nemndeni wakhe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe nga-1883. Lithuna lakhe, lelimbozwe ngelucwecwe lwebetoni, lisemaphethelweni eRustenburg ePhokeng. Indzawo yelithuna laNkulumane ibitwa ngendlela lengahambisani nemlandvo ngekutsi yiMzilikazi's Kop, nanobe kuyindvodzana yakhe leyingcwatjwe khona. Ngemuva kwekuphindze atsatsa indzima yakhe njengeNkhosi, Mzilikazi wasungula sive sakhe eNtabazinduna Mountain, futsi inhlokodolobha yakhe yekucala yaba seInyathi. Lapho wahlangana khona futsi nemngani wakhe wakadzeni Robert Moffat, labake bahlangana naye eSouth African Republic ngesikhatsi Moffat abuya eKuruman, lokwakungumnyaka lapho indvodzana yakhe Nkulumane yatalwa khona. Inyathi yashiywa nga-1859 ngemuva kwekufa kwelinye lemadvodzakati akhe lamakhulu, iNdlovukazi Loziba. Inhlokodolobha yakhe lelandzelako yasungulwa eMhlahlandlela eMatopo District, lapho angcwatjwe khona. Lena yaba yinhlokodolobha yakhe yesibili futsi yekugcina kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe eNqameni, edvute naseGwanda, nga-5 September 1868. == Lifa == === Tindlalifa letichamuka ngco kuMzilikazi (Umugca webukhosi) === INkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane, umsunguli webukhosi bemaNdebele (emaMatabele), wasungula likhaya lelikhulu lebukhosi lebelinemakhosikati lamanyenti nebantfwana labanyenti ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwakhe ngelikhulu leminyaka le-19.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> Imithombo yemlandvo iyavuma kutsi waba nebantfwana labanyenti, nanobe tinombolo leticondzile tehluka ngemithombo nangemasiko ekulandzisa ngemlomo.<ref name="autu"/> Tindlalifa letibalulekile emkhatsini wesiko lekulandzelana kwebukhosi tifaka: *'''INkhosana Nkulumane Khumalo''' — Nkulumane uvame kubhalwa emlandvweni njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi leyayizibulo kanye nendlalifa leyacala kukhetfwa. Eminye imithombo yemlandvo itsi wabandakanyeka engcupheni yekulwela bukhosi ngesikhatsi Mzilikazi awela esifundzeni saseZambezi, futsi kamuva wanyamalala etindzabeni tekulandzelana kwebukhosi, nanobe tati temlandvo tisaqhubeka tiphikisana ngaletimo leticondzile tekususwa kwakhe noma tekutfunjwa kwakhe.<ref name="autu"/><ref>Beach, David (1980): ''The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900–1850'', Heinemann</ref> *'''INkhosi Lobengula Khumalo''' — Lobengula kaMzilikazi walandzela njengeNkhosi yemaNdebele cishe nga-1870, waba yinkhosi yesibili kanye neyagcina yembuso wemaNdebele lowawukhululekile ngaphambi kwekwehlulwa kwawo eMpini yeMatabele yekucala (1893).<ref>Ranger, Terence (1967) ''Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, 1896–97'', Heinemann</ref><ref>''Lobengula'', Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref> Ukhonjiswa emithonjeni yemlandvo njengendvodzana yaMzilikazi, watalwa ngulomunye wemakhosikati akhe, lobunikati bakhe bubhalwe ngekuhlukahlukana emasikweni ekulandzisa ngemlomo nasemithonjeni lebhaliwe.<ref>Becker, Peter (1979): ''Path of Blood'', Penguin Books</ref> Mzilikazi walandzelwa yindvodzana yakhe Lobengula. Kuzuza kwakhe umhlaba nemandla etembusave labekakutfole kukho konkhe kuphila kwakhe kwaba kwesikhashana, kodvwa, ngemuva kwekutsi baseYurophu batfole ligolide ngemnyaka munye ngaphambi kwekufa kwakhe. Lokutfolwa kweligolide kwadonsa [[Cecil Rhodes]] kanye nenkampani iBritish South Africa Company kuleyo ndzawo, kwagcina kuholele ki[[Rudd Concession ]] futsi, ekugcineni, i[[Mphi yasevenj leMatebele]]. Kungakapheli iminyaka lengemashumi lamatsatfu, emaNgisi ancoba, atsatsa indzawo yemaMatebele yafakwa ngaphasi kwesifundza saseRhodesia. Bukhosi bamanje besive saka[[Khumalo]] buchubeka ngeNkhosi [[Bulelani Lobengula Khumalo]], lowagcotjwa njengeNkhosi yesive semaNdebele. Uhlobene naleminye imiti yebukhosi, kufaka ekhatsi umndeni webukhosi bemaZulu, ngelifa lelibanti leNguni, loluhlanganisa timphandze tebukhokho letilingana naletingcwele letihlobanisa yena ngekucondza lokungasiko ngco neNkhosi [[Misuzulu kaZwelithini]] yemaZulu.<ref>Dodds, Glen Lyndon (1998) ''The Zulus and Matabele: Warrior Nations'', Arms and Armour, ISBN 978-1-85409-381-3</ref> == Sikhumbuto == Nga-1941, hulumende waseRhodesia wakha sikhumbuto saMzilikazi lesiseyindzawo ledvumile yekuhlonipha yena nanamuhla. Nga-1970, iDolobha laseBulawayo lasungula iMzilikazi Memorial Library, lelabhuku lelikhulu lelisedolobheni. Beka sitfombe sebuso benkhosi emnyango welabhuku ekugubheni iminyaka lengemakhulu yekufa kwakhe. Njalo ngemnyaka ngeNyoni, tinkhulungwane tebantfu tibuthana eMhlahlandlela (Mzilikazi Memorial Site) edvute naseBulawayo kute tikhumbule iNkhosi Mzilikazi, umsunguli wesive samaNdebele (Mthwakazi).<ref>''Colourful ceremony marks King Mzilikazi commemorations'', CITEZW, 11 September 2022</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi commemoration preps on'', Zimbabwe Independent, 17 August 2023</ref> [[ File:Mzilikazi's Grave.jpg |thumb|Litfuna laMzilikazi]] Lomcimbi ufaka ekhatsi imidanso yesintfu, tinkondlo, kulandzisa ngemlandvo kanye nemidlalo yemasiko, futsi uhlelwa tinhlangano temasiko letifana neMthwakazi kaMzilikazi Cultural Association (MMCA), kanye nemadvuna endzabuko kanye netitukulwane teNdlu yaKhumalo.<ref>''King Mzilikazi annual celebrations preparations on course'', The Herald, 15 July 2025</ref><ref>''King Mzilikazi seminar starts at Mhlahlandlela'', The Herald, 5 September 2025</ref> Le mikhumbuto isebenta njengembutsano lobalulekile wemasiko lovuselela kukhumbula umlando kanye nebunikati besive emkhatsini wetitukulwane letincane tesive samaNdebele kanye nemiphakatsi yaseMatabeleland. Uvezwa ngumlingisi Mpilo Mbatha kuluchungechunge lwetemabonakudze loludrama, iShaka iLembe. ==Tinkhomba == {{Reflist}} 9qidpn4pmrzdpbbgdp6opracvgy2xmc