Wikipedia sswiki https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likhasi_Lelikhulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20 first-letter Tinkundla Lelibalulekile Khuluma Bantfu Khuluma nebantfu Wikipedia Khuluma ngeWikipedia Lifayela Khuluma ngelifayela MediaWiki Khuluma ngeMediaWiki iThempleti Khuluma ngethempleti Lusito Khuluma ngelusito Umkhakha Khuluma ngemkhakha TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Emaswati 0 6946 42984 42802 2026-09-17T15:32:15Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42984 wikitext text/x-wiki '''EmaSwati''' noma '''emaSwazi''' (munye: ''Liswati'') ngema[[Bantu]] ladvabuka e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], labahlala e[[Eswatini]] kanye nasesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]] eNingizimu Afrika. EmaSwati ayincenye yetive letikhuluma tilwimi tema[[Nguni]], letinemvelaphi yase e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], lapho kutfolakala khona emasiko, tinkholelo kanye nemikhuba yemasiko lefananako. [[File:Traditional Swazi Wedding Procession.jpg|thumb|Emaswati]] [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6336545968).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Lifulegi lemaSwati]] EmaSwati kanye ne[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso we-Eswatini]] lamuhla batfola emagama abo kuNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowaba yinkhosi nga-1839 ngemuva kwekushona kweyise, iNkhosi [[Sobhuza I]]. Eswatini bantfu bekucala kuhlala ema[[San people|San]], kantsi emaSwati lamuhla asuka enyakatho ye[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], andlula e[[Mozambique]], azenayofika lapho khona namuhla kuyiEswatini ngeminyaka yabo-1500. Umugca webukhosi babo ungalandzelwa emuva enkhosini leyatiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Dlamini I]]; leli kuseyilo ligama lemndeni webukhosi. Cishe tincenye letintsatfu kulamane temacembu emindeni ngema[[Nguni]]; letinye tingema[[Sotho]], ema[[Tsonga]], labanye bantfu base[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] kanye netitukulwane temaSan. Lamacembu ashade futsi ahlangana ngekukhululeka. BuSwati bufaka ekhatsi bonkhe labo labetsembekile kulababusi lababili, [[Ingwenyama]] (inkhosi) kanye ne[[Indlovukati]] (make wenkhosi). Lulwimi lolukhulu Siswati kanye [[Emasiko Emaswati]] nelisiko lemaSwati ngiko lokuhlanganisa Emaswati abe sive. ==Umlandvo== [[File:Swazi Warriors.jpg|thumb|Emadvuna emaSwati emcimbini we-Incwala]] Emaswati bantfu labadvabuka eNingizimu Afrika. Ligama ''bakaNgwane'' ("bantfu baNgwane") belisetjentiswa njengalelinye ligama lelisho Emaswati. Emaswati adzabuka kuma-[[Nguni]]. Kodvwa labanye bantfu bemaSwati bavela emindenini yema[[Sotho]] leyayihlala e[[Eswatini]]. Ngaphansi kwembuso wa[[Dlamini III]], lowatsatsa bukhosi kuMaseko, kwaba nekusungulwa kwendzawo yekuhlala nga-1750 ngase[[Umfula iPongola|Mfuleni iPongola]] lapho kuncamula khona [[Tintsaba teLubombo]]. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, bahamba baya endzaweni lekungumfula iPongola, lebeyisedvute nebantfu baka[[Ndwandwe]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120917000000/http://www.sntc.org.sz/ Terence Sibiya's Swaziland pages, Swazi People], 17 September 2012. Accessed 15 September 2013</ref> Lowalandzela Dlamini III kwakungu[[Ngwane III]], lotsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yeEswatini yalamuhla. Wabusa cishe kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780 esifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]] eEswatini.<ref name="auto"/> Nga-1815, [[Sobhuza I]] waba yinkhosi yaseEswatini futsi waba nencenye lebalulekile ekwakheni emandla Emaswati.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Swazi house.jpg|thumb| Umfanekiso wendlu yemaSwati [[eMsamo weSwatini, Lobamba]]]] [[File:Swazi home.jpg|thumb]] Ngaphansi kwaSobhuza I, Emaswati achubeka nekwandzisa indzawo yawo ngekuncoba ticucu letinyenti temacembu lamancane ema[[Sotho]] nema[[Nguni]], akha umbuso lomkhulu lowatiwa lamuhla ngekutsi ngu[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso weSwatini]]. Kubusa kwaSobhuza I kwenteka ngesikhatsi se[[Mfecane]]. Ngaphansi kwekubusa kwaSobhuza, bantfu bemaNguni nemaSotho kanye nemaSan labasala bahlanganiswa baba sive semaSwati. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sakhe lapho imincele yalamuhla yeEswatini yaba ngaphansi kwekubusa kwemakhosi akaDlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yabo-1830, kwaba nekucala kwekutsintsana nema[[Bhunu]], labebahlala etindzaweni letagcine taba yi[[South African Republic]].<ref name="auto"/> Incenye lenkhulu yendzawo yemaSwati yaniketwa emaBhunu aseTransvaal, labahlala endzaweni yase[[w:Lydenburg|Lydenburg]] ngeminyaka yabo-1840. Indzawo yaseSwatini kanye nenkhosi yayo, [[Mswati II]], yavunywa ngemaBhunu kanye nema[[Ngisi]]. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwaMswati II lapho sive semaSwati sahlanganiswa khona saba nemandla. Emuva kwaloko, ligama lelitsi "Swati" lagcina lisetjentiswa kubo bonkhe bantfu lababetsembekile kuIngwenyama.<ref name="auto">''Culture of Swaziland – history, people, women, beliefs, food, family, social, dress, marriage''. Everyculture.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017</ref> Kamuva ngaphansi kweNkhosi [[Mbandzeni]], kwaniketwa tivumelwano letinyenti tekuhweba, temhlaba kanye netimayini kubahlali base[[w:Britain|Britain]] nemaBhunu.<ref>Colonial Office (1895). ''South Africa: Further Correspondence Respecting the Affairs of Swaziland''. Eyre and Spottiswoode</ref> Loku kwaholela ekulahlekeni kwaleminye imhlaba kubahlali baseSouth African Republic. Umphumela waba kutsi bantfu labanyenti bemaSwati bagcina bahlala ngaphandle kweEswatini, eNingizimu Afrika. I[[Pretoria Convention]] yekulungisa indzaba yeTransvaal yanga-1881 yakubona kutimela kweEswatini futsi yachaza imingcele yaso. INgwenyama akazange abe ngumusayini walesivumelwano, futsi emaSwati atsi indzawo yawo ifinyelela macala onkhe kusukela kulombuso wanamuhla. IBritain yatsatsa ligunya phezu kweEswatini nga-1903, futsi kutimela kwaphindze kwatfolwa nga-1968. Lamuhla, emaSwati ahlala eEswatini naseNingizimu Afrika. Bantfu baseNingizimu Afrika labadabuka kumaSwati bavame kubonakala ngekutsi bakhuluma siSwati, noma lulwimi lolusondzelene naso. Kukhona futsi emaSwati lamanyenti latfutsele eNingizimu Afrika nase[[United Kingdom]]. Linani lemaSwati eNingizimu Afrika likhulu kancane kunelaseEswatini, lapho kunebantfu labangaba ngu-1.2 million. EEswatini yanamuhla, bantfu bemaSwati bafaka ekhatsi bonkhe takhamuti taseEswatini kungakhatsaliseki kutsi bavela kuliphi licembu. ==Bunjalo bemaSwati== Emakhosi aseEswatini asukela emuva esikhatsini lapho umugca webukhosi beDlamini wawuhlala endzaweni lesedvute ne[[Delagoa Bay]]. Sive semaSwati ekucaleni sakhiwa ngemindeni leli-17 leyatiwa ngekutsi ''bemdzabuko'' ("emaSwati elicinisile"),<ref name="auti">Matsebula, J.S.M.(1988). ''A History of Swaziland'', Longman. 3rd edition. ISBN 0582031672. Page 21</ref> leyahamba nemakhosi akaDlamini emaLangeni ekucala. Lemindeni leli-17 yekusungula bekungemaDlamini, Nhlabathi, Hlophe, Kunene, Mabuza, Madvonsela, Mamba, Matsebula, Mdluli, Motsa, Ngwenya, Shongwe, Sukati, Tsabedze, Tfwala, Mbokane kanye naZwane.<ref name="auti"/> Eminye imindeni yemaSwati yatiwa ngekutsi ''Emakhandzambili'' ("labo labatfolwa ngaphambili", sibonelo Gamedze, Fakudze, Ngcamphalala kanye naMagagula), lokusho kutsi beyivele ikhona kulelive ngaphambi kwekufika nekuhlasela kwemaDlamini. ''Emafikemuva'' ("labo labafika ngemuva") ngulabo labajoyina umbuso ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.<ref>Matsebula, JSM (1988). page 21-22</ref> ==Lisiko== [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6335777785).jpg| thumb]] [[File:Eswatini reed dance ceremony Young maidens observing the Eswatini traditional reed dance ceremony.jpg|thumb |Tingabisa kumgubho weNcwala nga-2025]] Kudansa nekucula, lokufaka ekhatsi tingoma tekudvumisa, kubalulekile kakhulu emasikweni emaSwati. Kwenta luphala kanye nekubaza bekungemasiko lamancane.Umshado wesintfu wemaSwati ubitwa ngekutsi ''umtsimba''; uvamise kwenteka ngemphelasontfo ngenkhatsi yesomiso, kusukela ngaJune kuya kuAugust. Umakoti kanye netihlobo takhe baya ekhaya lemkhwenyana ngeLesihlanu ntsambama. NgeMgcibelo ekuseni, licembu lemakoti lihlala ngasemfuleni lisedvute futsi lidle inyama yembuzi noma yenkomo leniketwa ngumndeni wemkhwenyana; ntsambama, badansa ekhaya lemkhwenyana. NgeLisontfo ekuseni, umakoti, kanye netihlobo takhe letingumake, ugwaza umhlaba ngesikhali sekulwa esibayeni semfuyo semkhwenyana; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ugcotjwa ngeludaka lolubovu. Lokugcotjwa ngiko lokuba ngumvutfu wencenye lemcoka yemshado: kute umuntfu wesifazane longagcotjwa kabili. Umakoti unika umyeni wakhe netihlobo takhe tipho.<ref>''Swaziland National Trust Commission - Cultural Resources – Swazi Culture'', SNTC.org.sz. Accessed 27 August 2017</ref> [[Umhlanga]] ngileminye yemikhosi yemasiko leyatiwa kakhulu eEswatini, lowenteka ngaAugust/September njalo ngemnyaka lapho khona emantfombatana lasengakashadi akhokha khona inhlonipho kuNdlovukati. [[Incwala]] ngulomunye umcimbi wemasiko wemaSwati lowenteka ngaDecember/January, kuye ngetigaba tenyanga. Lomcimbi, lobitwa nangekutsi "Umkhosi Wemivuno Yekucala", ukhombisa iNkhosi sivuno lesisha emnyakeni.<ref>''CULTURAL RESOURCES: Swazi Culture The Incwala or Kingship Ceremony'' SNTC.org.sz, Accessed 22 November 2013</ref> ==Inkholo== Inkholo yesintfu yemaSwati yemukela Nkulunkulu lomkhulu/uMdali njengobe anjalo, kantsi bokhokho bayahlonishwa. Inkholo yemaSwati isekelwe kuMdali lowatiwa ngekutsi nguMvelincanti ("lowayekhona kusukela ekucaleni"). EmaSwati lamanyenti ahlanganisa lenkholelo nebu[[Khristu]] besimanje, lobaletselwa bashumayeli. Labanyenti bachubeka nekulandzela tinkholelo tabo tesintfu temoya. Imikhuba yetenkholo yentiwa ezingeni lemndeni futsi ihlobene nekutalwa, kufa kanye nemshado.<ref>Kasenene, Peter (1992): ''Religion in Swaziland''. South Africa, ABC-CLIO, Page 384. ISBN 0313032254</ref> ==Buka futsi== * [[Umtsimba]] – umcimbi wemshado ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 5e9lxrm5y6rzf8yndh41ru3pf3l5t02 Mpumalanga Afrika 0 6971 42985 2026-09-17T21:31:55Z ZS Khumalo 9375 Yakha likhasi 42985 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni yempumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]]. [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]] 89fr1wn0tmsu99642qh9w1ppewkw0v8 42986 42985 2026-09-17T21:32:32Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42986 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]]. [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]] g4o4j3ts0x6rgdu32nd0yql5x6usy66 42987 42986 2026-09-17T21:38:44Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42987 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref>''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]] t62zz6dqnm6wel9qyegyg52o1drs2b8 42988 42987 2026-09-17T21:46:36Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42988 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref>''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]] Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo le-Afrika]] enyakatfo, 7s002tabv8jenzaes01xtky05pxci3f 42989 42988 2026-09-17T21:47:00Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref>''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]] Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, 8ysyw8c4pc2zkdcsgl6ug54h7qxfcr5 42990 42989 2026-09-18T06:39:11Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42990 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref>''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, c99dw68gi3au589lx3p44veju0vq33q 42991 42990 2026-09-18T06:54:13Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42991 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name"auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> 68j308dodp6wejgubybk7x9qf923u49 42992 42991 2026-09-18T06:54:44Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42992 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> sqic30bq1lz1br4dp22ftqzgs4xicg1 42993 42992 2026-09-18T07:01:20Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] n1qczolesjkcovvg8gj8dducwamt006 42994 42993 2026-09-18T07:03:05Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42994 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 877lyznfo09c9q574p2cadwqs8zp360 42995 42994 2026-09-18T07:37:31Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} pwtxdz62gsfoh8h9eblm2c11x1upb4l 42996 42995 2026-09-18T08:39:08Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} cpftvherxn2fmz9q50e5703spj81jkg 42997 42996 2026-09-18T09:13:50Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42997 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} jkpa7m8k6y7qxq2emivs81mlsqwbbxv 42998 42997 2026-09-18T09:18:03Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 42998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} rtsn5aee3ssxxusmrimfyr0826a0g9n 42999 42998 2026-09-18T09:26:07Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Tinchazelo */ 42999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] —ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} iykpseuls4gflf11x8xhdwkqujsi9zh 43000 42999 2026-09-18T09:35:35Z ZS Khumalo 9375 43000 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] —ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} d3v0zpwceiqi4iysyx00iytia44yi8q 43001 43000 2026-09-18T10:44:10Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Tinchazelo */ 43001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} rsl1csx46pj46ianwxcpm0tbrl2m2zn 43002 43001 2026-09-18T10:57:06Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Tinchazelo */ 43002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]) sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} ttvyimt2jg1ukn4e7d84m2nrp3794kh 43003 43002 2026-09-18T11:00:53Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43003 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''', '''eMpumalanga yeAfrika''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i'''[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]''') sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 49biahgn04z9z4b3rzhkj5jond1h93c 43004 43003 2026-09-18T11:04:24Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Tinchazelo */ 43004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''', '''eMpumalanga yeAfrika''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i'''[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]''') sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Umlandvo== ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 31hky6l5v489lv1mondujdz9ruu0fcw 43005 43004 2026-09-18T11:05:09Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Umlandvo */ 43005 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''', '''eMpumalanga yeAfrika''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i'''[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]''') sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Umlandvo== ===Umlando wakadzeni=== ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 5t8xl34wphmruz8pe8eo8xhhew8x7w1 43006 43005 2026-09-18T11:05:21Z ZS Khumalo 9375 43006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''', '''eMpumalanga yeAfrika''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i'''[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]''') sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Umlandvo== ===Umlandvo wakadzeni=== ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 5gao7ds9rm3g5wrg5gt8d2gi7eyn5wr 43007 43006 2026-09-18T11:13:37Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Umlandvo wakadzeni */ 43007 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''', '''eMpumalanga yeAfrika''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i'''[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]''') sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Umlandvo== ===Umlandvo wakadzeni=== [[File:Bienvenida al Museo de Lucy.jpg|thumb|Kwakhiwa kabusha kwemfanekiso wemfati webantfu bekucala lobitwa ngekutsi i-''Australopithecus afarensis'' yekwesayensi]] ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 1gd5yt1tsc6j7zz9k92mu9dk4ixd2pg 43008 43007 2026-09-18T11:20:34Z ZS Khumalo 9375 43008 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''', '''eMpumalanga yeAfrika''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i'''[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]''') sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]]. Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabazwe, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Umlandvo== ===Umlandvo wakadzeni=== [[File:Bienvenida al Museo de Lucy.jpg|thumb|Kwakhiwa kabusha kwemfanekiso wemfati webantfu bekucala lobitwa ngekutsi i-''Australopithecus afarensis'' ngekwesayensi]] ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 84oo1kjh4yjanz3p8vqqu3lesrfchpa