Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako

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    <title>Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako</title>
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    <id>6977</id>
    <revision>
      <id>43177</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-28T13:39:47Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Thulamag</username>
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      <comment>Created by translating the section &quot;Same-sex marriage around the world&quot; from the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377047136|Same-sex marriage]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="38156" sha1="2a6d9u42duxtcieyuroyvedvgfvk82m" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Wedding_in_New_Orleans,_November_11,_2017.jpg|thumb|Emadvodza lamabili ashada, atungeletwe ngumcimbi wemshado, eNew Orleans, eMelika nga-11 Lweti 2017.]]
[[File:Same-sex-marriage-taiwan.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emkhatsini wabomake lababili eTaiwan.]]

== Emagama ==
=== Leminye imigomo ===
[[File:Wedding_cake_of_a_same_sex_marriage.JPG|thumb|Likhekhe lemshado webantfu labatsandzana ngebulili lobufanako]]
Labanye labasekela kutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako uvunywe ngalokusemtsetfweni njenge- Marriage Equality USA (leyasungulwa nga-1998), Inkhululeko Yekushada (leyasungulwa nga-2003), Bantfu BaseCanada Bebafuna Umshado Lolinganako, kanye neMshado Wabo Bonkhe BaseJapan basebentisa emagama latsi ''kulingana kwemshado'' kanye nekutsi ''umshado wabo ulinganise'' kubonwa ngesizatfu lesilinganako nemshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.       I- Associated Press incoma kutsi kusetjentiswe ''umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako'' kunemshado ''wetikokhoni''.   Lokunye lokuya elulwimini lolufaka ekhatsi kakhulu kube kushintja kusuka ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako kuya ''ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako'', futsi ngendlela lefanako ''nemshado webulili lobufanako'' kutsi ungavimbeli bantfu ngabanye ngekhatsi kwebudlelwane ngekutsi bakhetse bulili, njengobe bunjalo bebulili buyinhlobo futsi kuphawula kutsi emagama emlandvo akhipha emalunga e -LGBTQ noma e- transsexual. &lt;ref name=&quot;SageEncyclopedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last5=Abdullah|last2=Jahaan}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Kusetjentiswa kweligama lelitsi ''umshado.'' ===
Bososayensi bebantfu baye balwa kamatima kute batfole inchazelo yemshado letsatsa tintfo letifanako tekwakha kwetenhlalo emasikweni emhlabeni wonkhe. &lt;ref name=&quot;Fedorak&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Ch. 11; p. 174}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=23–34}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tincazelo letinyenti letiphakanyisiwe tigcekwe ngekwehluleka kubona kuba khona kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kulamanye emasiko, kufaka ekhatsi lawo ebantfu base-Afrika labangetulu kwa - 30, njengema Kikuyu nemaNuer. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;Kikuyu&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=1–23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Njengobe emave lamanyenti abuyeketa imitsetfo yawo yemshado kute abone bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako ngelikhulu lemashumi lamabili nakunye,tonkhe tichazamagama letinkhulu tesiNgisi tibuyekete inchazelo yato yeligama lelitsi umshado kute tiyekele kucaciswa kwebulili nobe tifake tinchazelo tesibili kute tifake ekhatsi lulwimi lolungatsatsi luhlangotsi ngebulili nobe lulwimi lolucacile.   ''Sichazamagama sesiNgisi sase-Oxford'' sesivume umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kusukela nga-2000. 

Labaphikisa umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako labafuna kutsi umshado ube ngumshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, njenge Lisontfo laJesu Khristu Lebangcwele Bemalanga Ekugcina, Lisontfo LemaKatolika, kanye neSouthern Baptist Convention, basebentisa ligama lelitsi ''umshado wesintfu'' kusho umshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.

== Umlandvo ==
=== Yasendvulo ===
Incwadzi yaLevithikhusi beyivimbela kutsandzana nebantfu bebulili lobufanako, futsi emaHebheru icwayiswa kutsi &quot;angalandzeli tento telive laseGibhithe noma tento telive laseKhenani&quot; (Lev. 18:22, 20:13). Kukhulunywa ngemshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kuvela etincwadzini ta Rabbinic letibitwa ngekutsi Sifra, letabhalwa emkhatsini wa-200 kuya ku-300 CE. Le Sifra icacisa loko lekubita ngetento letingacacile, nekutsi bekufaka ekhatsi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako: &quot;Indvodza beyitawushada nendvodza nemfati, umfati, indvodza beyitawushada nemfati nendvodzakati yakhe, bese umfati bekatawushada nemadvodza lamabili.&quot; 

Tati letimbalwa tikholelwa kutsi ekucaleni kweMbuso waseRoma labanye bantfu labadvuna labashadene bebagubha imikhosi yemshado yesintfu embikwebangani. Imishado yemadvodza - emadvodza ibikwa yimitfombo lebahlekisako; imiva yalabahlanganyeli ayibhalwa phansi.  Imithombo leyehlukahlukene yasendvulo itsi umbusi Nero bekagubha imishado lemibili yemmango nemadvodza, wake watsatsa indzima yamakoti (nemuntfu lokhululekile Pythagoras), futsi wake waba ngumkhwenyana (ne Sporus); kungenteka kutsi bekunesitsatfu lapho abengumakoti khona.  Ekucaleni kwelikhulu lesitsatfu AD,umbusi Elagabalus kubikwa kutsi bekangumakoti emshadweni wemlingani wakhe lomdvuna. Lamanye emadvodza lavutsiwe esigodlweni sakhe bekanemadvodza, noma atsi anemadvodza alingisa umbusi.  Umtsetfo wemaRoma bewungavumi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna, kepha lesinye sizatfu sekungavumelani lokuvetwe ku Juvenal's satire kutsi kugubha emasiko bekutawuholela ekulindzeleni kutsi imishado lenjalo ibhaliswe ngalokusemtsetfweni.  Nje ngoba lombuso bewucala kuba ngemaKhristu ngelikhulu lesi-4,kwacala kuvela imitsetfo levimbela umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot; /&gt;

Ngelikhulu lesi-17 eChina, umbhali Li Yu kanye nesazi-sikhulu Shen Defu babhala ngeluhlelo lwemishado yemadvodza esigodzini saseFujian. Lendvodza lendzala kulenyunyana beyitawudlala indzima yebudvodza njenge qixiong noma &quot;umnakabo lomdzala lokhulisako&quot;, akhokhe &quot; intsengo yemakoti &quot; emndenini wendvodza lencane bekutsiwa tintfombi tilandza intsengo lephakeme lowaba yi qidi, noma &quot;umnakabo lomncane lokhulisako&quot;. Li Yu wachaza lomkhosi, &quot;Abaweci tinkomishi letintsatfu tetiye noma imikhosi lesitfupha yemshado- kufana nje nemshado lofanele ngemshado lohlelekile.&quot; 

=== Sikhatsi sinye ===
[[File:NewlyMarriedCoupleAtCourthouse.jpg|thumb|Labashadile eMinnesota ngemuva nje kwekutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni eMelika, 2015.]]
Michael McConnell na Jack Baker   ngulabashadile bekucala bebulili lobufanako emlandvweni wesimanje lobhalwe phansi  lowatiwa ngekutfola lilayisensi lemshado,  babe nemshado wabo lohloniphekile, lowenteka nga 3 INyoni 1971, eMinnesota,  futsi babe nawo lovunywe ngunobe ngumuphi hulumende lovunywe ngumtsetfo.   Tati temlandvo ngetindlela letehlukene tilandzela sicalo semnyakato wesimanje wekusekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma ngukuphi kusuka ngabo 1980 kuya ku 1990. Ngesikhatsi seminyaka yabo-1980 eMelika, lubhubhane lwengculazi lwaholela ekutsi bantfu banake kakhulu tincenye temtsetfo tebudlelwane bebantfu bebulili lobufanako.  Andrew Sullivan wenta licala lekucala lemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako encwadzini lenkhulu yaseMelika nga-1989,  leyashicilelwa ku- ''The New Republic''. 

Nga 1989, iDenmark yaba live lekucala lekuvuma ngalokusemtsetfweni budlelwane bebantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako, yasungula kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, lokunikete labo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako &quot;emalungelo lamanyenti ebantfu labashadile, kepha hhayi lilungelo lekutsatsa noma kutfola umntfwana ngekuhlanganyela&quot;.  Nga-2001, Netherlands laba live lekucala lekwandzisa imitsetfo yemshado kute ifake ekhatsi bantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako.   Kusukela ngaleso sikhatsi, umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sewusungulwe ngumtsetfo kulamanye emave langu-38, lokufaka ekhatsi emave lamanyenti aseMelika naseNshonalanga Yurophu. Nomakunjalo kusakateka kwayo bekungalingani iNingizimu Afrika ngiyo kuphela live eAfrika lelitsatse lesinyatselo; I-Taiwan ne -Thailand ngito kuphela letiseNingizimu kuya eMpumalanga ye-Asia.  

Kusukela nga 2026,iBermuda nguyona indzawo yekucala futsi nguyona kuphela emhlabeni wonkhe leyenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi lapho khona loko kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sekucinywe khona.

== Umugca wesikhatsi ==
Lelithebula lesifinyeto lelingentasi libala emagunya lawente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni,ngekulandzelana kwetikhatsi. Kusukela nga-2025,emave langu-38 abe semtsetfweni ngendlela letsite. 

Emalanga ngulapho imishado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako yacala kucinisekiswa ngalokusemtsetfweni,noma lapho khona imitsetfo yendzawo yaphasiswa uma imishado beyingakavumeleki ngaphansi kweligunya leliphakeme.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!2001
|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]''' (1 April)
|-
!2002
|
|-
!2003
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Belgium}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Belgium|Belgium]]''' (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Ontario|Ontario]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in British Columbia|British Columbia]] (8 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2004
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quebec|Quebec]] (19 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] (17 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yukon|Yukon]] (14 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Manitoba|Manitoba]] (16 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nova Scotia|Nova Scotia]] (24 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland and Labrador]] (21 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2005
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Brunswick|New Brunswick]] (23 June)
* {{flagicon|Spain}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Spain|Spain]]''' (3 July)
* {{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Canada|Canada]]''' [nationwide] (20 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2006
|{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in South Africa|South Africa]]''' (30 November)
|-
!2007
|
|-
!
|{{flatlist}}
*[[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (June 16, repealed November 5)
*[[Same-sex marriage in Connecticut|Connecticut]] (12 November)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2009
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Norway|Norway]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Iowa|Iowa]] (27 April)
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Sweden|Sweden]]''' (1 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Coquille Indian Tribe|Coquille Indian Tribe]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Vermont|Vermont]] (1 September)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2010
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the District of Columbia|District of Columbia]] (3 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico City|Mexican Federal District]] (4 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation|Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation]] (29 April)
* {{flagicon|Portugal}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Portugal|Portugal]]''' (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Iceland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Iceland|Iceland]]''' (27 June)
* {{flagicon|Argentina}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Argentina|Argentina]]''' (22 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2011
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New York|New York]] (24 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Suquamish Tribe|Suquamish Tribe]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alagoas|Alagoas]] (7 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2012
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quintana Roo|Quintana Roo]] (3 May)
* {{flagicon|Denmark}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|Denmark]]''' (15 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Sergipe]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais]] (11 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Espírito Santo]] (15 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba|Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Bahia]] (26 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Brazilian Federal District]] (1 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Washington state|Washington]] (6 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe|Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Piauí]] (15 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maine|Maine]] (29 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2013
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maryland|Maryland]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|São Paulo]] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Ceará]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians|Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraná]] (26 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Mato Grosso do Sul]] (2 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Rondônia]] (26 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Santa Catarina|Santa Catarina]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraíba]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians|Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians]] (8 May)
* {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Brazil]]''' [nationwide] (16 May)
* {{flagicon|France}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in France|France]]''' (18 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel|Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel]] (24 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (28 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Delaware|Delaware]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Minnesota|Minnesota]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Portage Band of Chippewa|Grand Portage Band of Chippewa]] (1 August)
* {{flagicon|Uruguay}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Uruguay|Uruguay]]''' (5 August)
* {{flagicon|New Zealand}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in New Zealand|New Zealand]]''' (19 August)
* [[Doña Ana County, New Mexico]] (21 August)
* [[Santa Fe County, New Mexico]] (23 August)
* [[Bernalillo County, New Mexico]] (26 August)
* [[San Miguel County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Valencia County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Taos County, New Mexico]] (28 August)
* [[Los Alamos County, New Mexico]] (4 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation|Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation]] (5 September)
* [[Grant County, New Mexico]] (9 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes|Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes]] (18 October&lt;!--3rd license since repeal of DOMA, first public marriage--&gt;)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Jersey|New Jersey]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blue Lake Rancheria|Blue Lake Rancheria]] (1 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe|Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe]] (15 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hawaii|Hawaii]] (2 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Mexico|New Mexico]] [statewide] (19 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (20 December, repealed 6 January 2014)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2014
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois#Lawsuits|Cook County, Illinois]] (21 February)
* {{flagicon|England}} {{flagicon|Wales}} [[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|England and Wales]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oregon|Oregon]] (19 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois|Illinois]] [statewide] (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Akrotiri and Dhekelia|Akrotiri and Dhekelia]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory|British Indian Ocean Territory]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Puyallup Tribe of Indians|Puyallup Tribe of Indians]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (16 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians|Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians]] (10 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Coahuila|Coahuila]] (17 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oklahoma|Oklahoma]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Virginia|Virginia]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Indiana|Indiana]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wisconsin|Wisconsin]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colorado|Colorado]] (7 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in West Virginia|West Virginia]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nevada|Nevada]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes|Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in North Carolina|North Carolina]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alaska|Alaska]] (12 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Idaho|Idaho]] (15 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Arizona|Arizona]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation|Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pascua Yaqui Tribe|Pascua Yaqui Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community|Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#San Carlos Apache Tribe|San Carlos Apache Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Yavapai-Apache Nation|Yavapai-Apache Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wyoming|Wyoming]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis, Missouri]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis County, Missouri]] (6 November)
* [[Lawson v. Kelly|Jackson County, Missouri]] (7 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Douglas County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Sedgwick County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Eastern Shoshone Tribe|Eastern Shoshone Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Northern Arapaho Tribe|Northern Arapaho Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Montana|Montana]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blackfeet Nation|Blackfeet Nation]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Carolina|South Carolina]] (20 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Keweenaw Bay Indian Community|Keweenaw Bay Indian Community]] (13 December)
* {{flagicon|Scotland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Scotland|Scotland]] (16 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2015
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Luxembourg}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]''' (1 January)
* [[Pareto v. Ruvin|Miami-Dade County, Florida]] (5 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Florida|Florida]] [statewide] (6 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska|Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska]] (24 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Pitcairn Islands|Pitcairn Islands]] (14 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians|Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians]] (15 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guam|Guam]] (9 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin|Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chihuahua|Chihuahua]] (12 June)
* {{flagicon|United States}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United States|United States]]''' [nationwide] (26 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Northern Mariana Islands|Northern Mariana Islands]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians|Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians]] (7 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the United States Virgin Islands|United States Virgin Islands]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico]] (13 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro]] (21 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Hannahville Indian Community|Hannahville Indian Community]] (3 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#White Mountain Apache Tribe|White Mountain Apache Tribe]] (9 September)
* {{flagicon|Ireland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]''' (16 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon|Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon]] (18 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nayarit|Nayarit]] (23 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2016
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians|Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians]] (2 February)
* {{flagicon|Greenland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Greenland|Greenland]] (1 April)
* {{flagicon|Colombia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Colombia|Colombia]]''' (28 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Tulalip Tribes of Washington|Tulalip Tribes of Washington]] (6 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jalisco|Jalisco]] [statewide] (12 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Campeche|Campeche]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colima|Colima]] (12 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Michoacán|Michoacán]] (23 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Morelos|Morelos]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Isle of Man|Isle of Man]] (22 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Puebla|San Pedro Cholula, Puebla]] (18 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Antarctic Territory|British Antarctic Territory]] (13 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin|Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin]] (3 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cherokee Nation|Cherokee Nation]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Gibraltar|Gibraltar]] (15 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2017
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Ascension Island|Ascension Island]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Amealco de Bonfil, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Cadereyta de Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Ezequiel Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Huimilpan, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|San Joaquín, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Tolimán, Querétaro]] (4 January)
&lt;!-- *** Please check discussion on talk page before adding Slovenia! *** --&gt;
* {{flagicon|Finland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Finland|Finland]]''' (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Osage Nation|Osage Nation]] (20 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Prairie Island Indian Community|Prairie Island Indian Community]] (22 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Falkland Islands|Falkland Islands]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Guernsey]] (2 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (5 May, repealed 1 June 2018)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin|Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin]] (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Faroe Islands}} [[Same-sex marriage in the Faroe Islands|Faroe Islands]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Tristan da Cunha|Tristan da Cunha]] (4 August)
* {{flagicon|Malta}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Malta|Malta]]''' (1 September)
* {{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Germany|Germany]]''' (1 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ak-Chin Indian Community|Ak-Chin Indian Community]] (25 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California|Baja California]] (3 November)
* {{flagicon|Australia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Australia|Australia]]''' (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Saint Helena|Saint Helena]] (20 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2018
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puebla|Puebla]] [statewide] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chiapas|Chiapas]] (11 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Alderney]] (14 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jersey|Jersey]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oaxaca|Oaxaca]] (26 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ponca Tribe of Nebraska|Ponca Tribe of Nebraska]] (27 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (23 November, repealed 14 March 2022)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2019
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Austria}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Austria|Austria]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas, Zacatecas]] (14 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Cuauhtémoc, Zacatecas]] (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Villanueva, Zacatecas]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]] (21 May)
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Taiwan|Taiwan]]''' (24 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nuevo León|Nuevo León]] (31 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hidalgo|Hidalgo]] (11 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California Sur|Baja California Sur]] (29 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Miguel Auza, Zacatecas]] (by 5 July)
* {{flagicon|Ecuador}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Ecuador|Ecuador]]''' (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oglala Sioux Tribe|Oglala Sioux Tribe]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Bay Mills Indian Community|Bay Mills Indian Community]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Colorado River Indian Tribes|Colorado River Indian Tribes]] (8 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Aguascalientes|Aguascalientes]] (16 August)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2020
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]] [final jurisdiction in the {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]'''] (13 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Sark]] (23 April)
* {{flagicon|Costa Rica}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]''' (26 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Fresnillo, Zacatecas]] (3 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota|Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians]] (6 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tlaxcala|Tlaxcala]] (25 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2021
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sinaloa|Sinaloa]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sonora|Sonora]] (22 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Querétaro|Querétaro]] [statewide] (13 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guanajuato|Guanajuato]] (20 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas]] [statewide] (30 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2022
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yucatán|Yucatán]] (4 March)
* {{flagicon|Chile}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Chile|Chile]]''' (10 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska|Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska]] (11 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Chickasaw Nation|Chickasaw Nation]] (18 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians|Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians]] (25 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Veracruz|Veracruz]] (13 June)
* {{flagicon|Switzerland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Switzerland|Switzerland]]''' (1 July)
* {{flagicon|Slovenia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Slovenia|Slovenia]]''' (8 or 9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Durango|Durango]] (19 September)
* {{flagicon|Cuba}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Cuba|Cuba]]''' (27 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tabasco|Tabasco]] (27 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] (2 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tamaulipas|Tamaulipas]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe|Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe]] (21 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guerrero|Guerrero]] [statewide; final jurisdiction in {{flagicon|Mexico}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Mexico|Mexico]]'''] (31 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2023
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Andorra}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Andorra|Andorra]]''' (17 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi|Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi]] (16 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Choctaw Nation|Choctaw Nation]] (23 May)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2024
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Estonia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Estonia|Estonia]]''' (1 January)
* {{flagicon|Greece}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Greece|Greece]]''' (16 February)
* {{flagicon|Aruba}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Aruba]] (12 July)
* {{flagicon|Curacao}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Curaçao]] (12 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2025
|{{flatlist}}
* '''{{flagicon|Liechtenstein}} [[Same-sex marriage in Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein]] '''(1 January)
*{{Flagicon|Thailand}} '''[[Recognition of same-sex unions in Thailand|Thailand]]''' (23 January) 
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2026
|{{flatlist}}
{{endflatlist}}
|}

== Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe ==
Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako wentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi uyavunywa emaveni langu-38: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, France, Greece, Estonia. I-Iceland, i-Ireland, i-Liechtenstein, i-Luxembourg, i- Malta,  Mexico,  Netherlands,  New Zealand, i-Norway, i-Portugal, i-Slovenia, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, iSweden, iSwitzerland, iTaiwan, iThailand,  - United States ]  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. 

[[File:World_marriage-equality_laws.svg|center|thumb|
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Legend/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{legend|#025|Marriage open to same-sex couples}}
{{legend|#90C|Same-sex marriage recognized with full rights when performed remotely or abroad}}
{{legend|#71C837|Legislation or binding domestic court ruling establishing same-sex marriage, but marriage is not yet provided for}}
{{legend|#06F|Civil unions or domestic partnerships}}
{{legend|#9CF|Unregistered cohabitation or legal guardianship}}
{{legend striped|#9CF|#EEE|Nonbinding certification|up=yes}}
{{legend|#CAF|Limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions (residency rights for spouses)}}
{{legend|#C6E9AF|Country subject to an international court ruling for limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions}}
{{legend|#EEE|No legal recognition of same-sex unions}}
]]

Inkantolo yemtsetfosisekelo yaseBolivia yaniketa bantfu labashadile lilungelo lelisemtsetfweni lekushada kulelo live, kodvwa leyo ndlela ayitfolakali ngalokuvamile.  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako umgunyatwe yiNkantolo Lephakeme yaseNepal, kodvwa imishado ibhalwa ebhukwini lelehlukile futsi ayivunywa nguhulumende.  

Kucatshangelwa tinyunyana tesive ePhilippines  nasePoland.  

Ngenyanga yeNdlovulenkhulu mhla tinge-12 2015, iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesingabophi lesikhutsata tikhungo te-EU kanye nemave langemalunga kutsi &quot;[acabangisise] ngekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma inyunyana yebantfu bebulili lobufanako njenge tindzaba tepolitiki, yetenhlalo kanye neyebantfu kanye nemalungelo ebantfu&quot;.  

Ngekuphendvula kusakateka kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe,emave lamanyenti abeke umtsetfosisekelo lovimbelako, lapho khona losandza kwenteka bekuyiGabon nga-2024. Kulamanye emave, leyo mikhawulo kanye nemikhawulo yentiwa ngemtsetfo. Ngisho nangaphambi kwekutsi kucale kubekwe umtsetfo wemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, lamanye emave bekanemitsetfosisekelo lebeyicacisa kutsi umshado bewusemkhatsini wendvodza nemfati.

[[File:Constitutional_bans_on_same-sex_unions_by_country.svg|center|thumb|
{{legend|#D40000|Same-sex marriage [[Same-sex union legislation#Bans|banned]] by secular constitution}}
{{legend|#800000|Same-sex marriage banned by constitutionally mandated religious law}}
{{legend|#CCCCCC|No constitutional ban}}
]]

=== Tincumo tenkantolo lavelonkhe ===

==== INkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu ====
Nga-2010, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu (ECHR) yakhipha sincumo ecaleni lelitsi ''Schalk naKopf v Austria,'' lebelifaka ekhatsi bantfu labashadene base-Austria lababulili lobufanako labancishwa lilungelo lekushada.  Inkantolo itfole,ngekuvota kwa-4 kuya ku-3, kutsi emalungelo abo ebantfu akazange aphulwe.  Inkantolo iphindze yatsi tinyunyana tebantfu bebulili lobufanako ativikeleki ngaphasi kwe-art.12 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekushada&quot;), lelivikela kuphela lilungelo lekushada lebantfu labashadile bebulili lobehlukile (kungakhatsaleki kutsi bulili balaba labashadene bungumphumela wekutalwa noma wekushintja kwebulili), kepha bavikelekile ngaphasi kwe-art. 8 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekuhlonipha imphilo yangasese neyemndeni&quot;) kanye nebuciko. 14 (&quot;Kuvinjelwa kwekubandlululwa&quot;). 

I-Athikili 12 yeSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu itsi: &quot;Emadvodza nebafati labaseminyakeni yekushada banelungelo lekushada nekusungula umndeni, ngekuya kwemitsetfo yavelonkhe lecondzisa kusetjentiswa kwalelilungelo&quot;,  hhayi umkhawulo wemshado kulabo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobehlukile. Kepha, i-ECHR yatsi ku ''Schalk na Kopf v Austria'' kutsi loluhlelo beluhloselwe kukhawulela umshado ebudlelwaneni bebantfu bebulili lobehlukile, njengoba belusebentisa ligama lelitsi &quot;emadvodza nebafati&quot; esikhundleni sekutsi &quot;wonkhe umuntfu&quot;.  Noma kunjalo, inkantolo yemukele futsi icabanga ngemacala laphatselene nekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, sibonelo ''Andersen v Poland.''  Nga-2021, lenkantolo yakhipha sincumo ecaleni ''laFedotova and Others v. Russia'' lokwalandzela tehlulelo takamuva letiphatselene nalamanye emave langemalunga kutsi emave kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako luhlobo lolutsite lwekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo, nanobe kungasho kutsi bashade. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=216–228}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Union yaseYurophu ====
Ngenyanga yeNhlaba mhla tinge-5 Inhlaba 2018, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yakhipha sincumo, ecaleni laComan nalabanye v General Inspectorate of Immigration kanye neLitiko Letekhatsi, kutsi, ngaphansi kwemibandzela letsite yalaba labashadene lokukhulunywa ngayo, bantfu labashadile  bebulili lobufanako banemalungelo lafanako ekuhlala njengalamanye emave lashadile e-EU, ngisho nangabe emave lashadile e-EU angavumelani nekutsi. Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.   Noma kunjalo, lesijubo asizange sisebente eRomania, futsi mhla tinge-14 Inyoni 2021 iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesibita iKhomishini yaseYurophu kutsi icinisekise kutsi lesijubo siyahlonishwa kulo lonkhe le-EU.  

Ngenyanga yeLweti mhla tinge-25 2025, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yasungula kutsi onkhe Emave Lamalunga e-EU kumele avume imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako leyentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni kulamanye emave e-EU ngaletinye tinjongo, kwandzisa licala laComan.  Tinhlelo letibalulekile talesincumo nguleti:

* Langemalunga Emave  kudzingeka kutsi atsatse umshado lowentiwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kulelinye Live Lelilunga lapho khona lokungenani umlingani munye abe yisakhamuti se-EU asebentisa lilungelo lakhe lekuhamba ngekukhululeka nekuhlala.
* Loku kubonwa kuphocelekile ngenhloso yekusebentisa emalungelo laniketwa ngumtsetfo we-EU, njengekuhlala, tinzuzo temtselo, lifa, kanye nekuphepha kwetenhlalakahle.
* Uma ngabe Lilunga Lelive liniketa inchubo yekuvuma imishado yalamanye emave ngekubhalisa (sib., ePoland ligama lelitsi transcription, noma transkrypcja, lisetjentiswa kufaka umshado lowentiwe emaveni langaphandle ebhukwini lesive), kumele lisebentise leyo nchubo ngekulingana kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako. Angeke yala kubhalwa phansi kuphela ngoba umtsetfo wasekhaya awuvumeli umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.

Kepha lesincumo asidzingi kutsi Emave Lamalunga ente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngaphakatsi kwetinhlelo tawo temtsetfo tasekhaya Ligunyata kuphela kuvunywa kwemishado lephethwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kuletinye tindzawo e-EU. Lamave lalandzelako e-EU, lebekangavumi imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako ngaphambilini, atsintseka ngalokucondzile ngulesijubo:  iBulgaria, iCroatia, iCyprus, iCzechia, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iPoland, iRomania neSlovakia.

==== Inkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika ====
[[File:María_Alexandra_Chávez_y_Michelle_Pamela_Avilés_-_Primer_matrimonio_entre_dos_mujeres_en_Ecuador.jpg|right|thumb|Alexandra Chávez kanye naMichelle Avilés, bantfu bekucala labashada ngebulili lobufanako e-Ecuador]]
Mhlaka 8 Bhimbidvwane 2018, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika (IACHR) yakhipha umbono wekweluleka lotsi emave lasesigabeni seSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu saseMelika kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kungena kuto tonkhe tinhlelo temtsetfo tasekhaya letikhona tekubhalisa umndeni, lokufaka ekhatsi umshado, kanye nawo onkhe emalungelo lavela emshadweni. LeNkantolo yancoma kutsi bohulumende bakhiphe imitsetfo yesikhashana levumela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kute kube ngulapho sekuletfwe umtsetfo lomusha. Baphindze batsi akuvumelekile futsi kuyabandlulula kutsi kusungulwe umtsetfo lowehlukile (njengetinyunyana tesive) esikhundleni semshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.</text>
      <sha1>2a6d9u42duxtcieyuroyvedvgfvk82m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>43178</id>
      <parentid>43177</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T13:54:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thulamag</username>
        <id>8864</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created by translating the section &quot;Other arrangements&quot; from the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377047136|Same-sex marriage]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>43178</origin>
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      <text bytes="40740" sha1="mpld2jl01y3qfb37jn1xrv33j24nhui" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Wedding_in_New_Orleans,_November_11,_2017.jpg|thumb|Emadvodza lamabili ashada, atungeletwe ngumcimbi wemshado, eNew Orleans, eMelika nga-11 Lweti 2017.]]
[[File:Same-sex-marriage-taiwan.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emkhatsini wabomake lababili eTaiwan.]]

== Emagama ==
=== Leminye imigomo ===
[[File:Wedding_cake_of_a_same_sex_marriage.JPG|thumb|Likhekhe lemshado webantfu labatsandzana ngebulili lobufanako]]
Labanye labasekela kutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako uvunywe ngalokusemtsetfweni njenge- Marriage Equality USA (leyasungulwa nga-1998), Inkhululeko Yekushada (leyasungulwa nga-2003), Bantfu BaseCanada Bebafuna Umshado Lolinganako, kanye neMshado Wabo Bonkhe BaseJapan basebentisa emagama latsi ''kulingana kwemshado'' kanye nekutsi ''umshado wabo ulinganise'' kubonwa ngesizatfu lesilinganako nemshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.       I- Associated Press incoma kutsi kusetjentiswe ''umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako'' kunemshado ''wetikokhoni''.   Lokunye lokuya elulwimini lolufaka ekhatsi kakhulu kube kushintja kusuka ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako kuya ''ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako'', futsi ngendlela lefanako ''nemshado webulili lobufanako'' kutsi ungavimbeli bantfu ngabanye ngekhatsi kwebudlelwane ngekutsi bakhetse bulili, njengobe bunjalo bebulili buyinhlobo futsi kuphawula kutsi emagama emlandvo akhipha emalunga e -LGBTQ noma e- transsexual. &lt;ref name=&quot;SageEncyclopedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last5=Abdullah|last2=Jahaan}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Kusetjentiswa kweligama lelitsi ''umshado.'' ===
Bososayensi bebantfu baye balwa kamatima kute batfole inchazelo yemshado letsatsa tintfo letifanako tekwakha kwetenhlalo emasikweni emhlabeni wonkhe. &lt;ref name=&quot;Fedorak&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Ch. 11; p. 174}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=23–34}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tincazelo letinyenti letiphakanyisiwe tigcekwe ngekwehluleka kubona kuba khona kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kulamanye emasiko, kufaka ekhatsi lawo ebantfu base-Afrika labangetulu kwa - 30, njengema Kikuyu nemaNuer. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;Kikuyu&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=1–23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Njengobe emave lamanyenti abuyeketa imitsetfo yawo yemshado kute abone bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako ngelikhulu lemashumi lamabili nakunye,tonkhe tichazamagama letinkhulu tesiNgisi tibuyekete inchazelo yato yeligama lelitsi umshado kute tiyekele kucaciswa kwebulili nobe tifake tinchazelo tesibili kute tifake ekhatsi lulwimi lolungatsatsi luhlangotsi ngebulili nobe lulwimi lolucacile.   ''Sichazamagama sesiNgisi sase-Oxford'' sesivume umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kusukela nga-2000. 

Labaphikisa umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako labafuna kutsi umshado ube ngumshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, njenge Lisontfo laJesu Khristu Lebangcwele Bemalanga Ekugcina, Lisontfo LemaKatolika, kanye neSouthern Baptist Convention, basebentisa ligama lelitsi ''umshado wesintfu'' kusho umshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.

== Umlandvo ==
=== Yasendvulo ===
Incwadzi yaLevithikhusi beyivimbela kutsandzana nebantfu bebulili lobufanako, futsi emaHebheru icwayiswa kutsi &quot;angalandzeli tento telive laseGibhithe noma tento telive laseKhenani&quot; (Lev. 18:22, 20:13). Kukhulunywa ngemshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kuvela etincwadzini ta Rabbinic letibitwa ngekutsi Sifra, letabhalwa emkhatsini wa-200 kuya ku-300 CE. Le Sifra icacisa loko lekubita ngetento letingacacile, nekutsi bekufaka ekhatsi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako: &quot;Indvodza beyitawushada nendvodza nemfati, umfati, indvodza beyitawushada nemfati nendvodzakati yakhe, bese umfati bekatawushada nemadvodza lamabili.&quot; 

Tati letimbalwa tikholelwa kutsi ekucaleni kweMbuso waseRoma labanye bantfu labadvuna labashadene bebagubha imikhosi yemshado yesintfu embikwebangani. Imishado yemadvodza - emadvodza ibikwa yimitfombo lebahlekisako; imiva yalabahlanganyeli ayibhalwa phansi.  Imithombo leyehlukahlukene yasendvulo itsi umbusi Nero bekagubha imishado lemibili yemmango nemadvodza, wake watsatsa indzima yamakoti (nemuntfu lokhululekile Pythagoras), futsi wake waba ngumkhwenyana (ne Sporus); kungenteka kutsi bekunesitsatfu lapho abengumakoti khona.  Ekucaleni kwelikhulu lesitsatfu AD,umbusi Elagabalus kubikwa kutsi bekangumakoti emshadweni wemlingani wakhe lomdvuna. Lamanye emadvodza lavutsiwe esigodlweni sakhe bekanemadvodza, noma atsi anemadvodza alingisa umbusi.  Umtsetfo wemaRoma bewungavumi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna, kepha lesinye sizatfu sekungavumelani lokuvetwe ku Juvenal's satire kutsi kugubha emasiko bekutawuholela ekulindzeleni kutsi imishado lenjalo ibhaliswe ngalokusemtsetfweni.  Nje ngoba lombuso bewucala kuba ngemaKhristu ngelikhulu lesi-4,kwacala kuvela imitsetfo levimbela umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot; /&gt;

Ngelikhulu lesi-17 eChina, umbhali Li Yu kanye nesazi-sikhulu Shen Defu babhala ngeluhlelo lwemishado yemadvodza esigodzini saseFujian. Lendvodza lendzala kulenyunyana beyitawudlala indzima yebudvodza njenge qixiong noma &quot;umnakabo lomdzala lokhulisako&quot;, akhokhe &quot; intsengo yemakoti &quot; emndenini wendvodza lencane bekutsiwa tintfombi tilandza intsengo lephakeme lowaba yi qidi, noma &quot;umnakabo lomncane lokhulisako&quot;. Li Yu wachaza lomkhosi, &quot;Abaweci tinkomishi letintsatfu tetiye noma imikhosi lesitfupha yemshado- kufana nje nemshado lofanele ngemshado lohlelekile.&quot; 

=== Sikhatsi sinye ===
[[File:NewlyMarriedCoupleAtCourthouse.jpg|thumb|Labashadile eMinnesota ngemuva nje kwekutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni eMelika, 2015.]]
Michael McConnell na Jack Baker   ngulabashadile bekucala bebulili lobufanako emlandvweni wesimanje lobhalwe phansi  lowatiwa ngekutfola lilayisensi lemshado,  babe nemshado wabo lohloniphekile, lowenteka nga 3 INyoni 1971, eMinnesota,  futsi babe nawo lovunywe ngunobe ngumuphi hulumende lovunywe ngumtsetfo.   Tati temlandvo ngetindlela letehlukene tilandzela sicalo semnyakato wesimanje wekusekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma ngukuphi kusuka ngabo 1980 kuya ku 1990. Ngesikhatsi seminyaka yabo-1980 eMelika, lubhubhane lwengculazi lwaholela ekutsi bantfu banake kakhulu tincenye temtsetfo tebudlelwane bebantfu bebulili lobufanako.  Andrew Sullivan wenta licala lekucala lemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako encwadzini lenkhulu yaseMelika nga-1989,  leyashicilelwa ku- ''The New Republic''. 

Nga 1989, iDenmark yaba live lekucala lekuvuma ngalokusemtsetfweni budlelwane bebantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako, yasungula kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, lokunikete labo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako &quot;emalungelo lamanyenti ebantfu labashadile, kepha hhayi lilungelo lekutsatsa noma kutfola umntfwana ngekuhlanganyela&quot;.  Nga-2001, Netherlands laba live lekucala lekwandzisa imitsetfo yemshado kute ifake ekhatsi bantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako.   Kusukela ngaleso sikhatsi, umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sewusungulwe ngumtsetfo kulamanye emave langu-38, lokufaka ekhatsi emave lamanyenti aseMelika naseNshonalanga Yurophu. Nomakunjalo kusakateka kwayo bekungalingani iNingizimu Afrika ngiyo kuphela live eAfrika lelitsatse lesinyatselo; I-Taiwan ne -Thailand ngito kuphela letiseNingizimu kuya eMpumalanga ye-Asia.  

Kusukela nga 2026,iBermuda nguyona indzawo yekucala futsi nguyona kuphela emhlabeni wonkhe leyenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi lapho khona loko kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sekucinywe khona.

== Umugca wesikhatsi ==
Lelithebula lesifinyeto lelingentasi libala emagunya lawente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni,ngekulandzelana kwetikhatsi. Kusukela nga-2025,emave langu-38 abe semtsetfweni ngendlela letsite. 

Emalanga ngulapho imishado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako yacala kucinisekiswa ngalokusemtsetfweni,noma lapho khona imitsetfo yendzawo yaphasiswa uma imishado beyingakavumeleki ngaphansi kweligunya leliphakeme.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!2001
|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]''' (1 April)
|-
!2002
|
|-
!2003
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Belgium}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Belgium|Belgium]]''' (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Ontario|Ontario]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in British Columbia|British Columbia]] (8 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2004
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quebec|Quebec]] (19 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] (17 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yukon|Yukon]] (14 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Manitoba|Manitoba]] (16 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nova Scotia|Nova Scotia]] (24 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland and Labrador]] (21 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2005
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Brunswick|New Brunswick]] (23 June)
* {{flagicon|Spain}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Spain|Spain]]''' (3 July)
* {{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Canada|Canada]]''' [nationwide] (20 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2006
|{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in South Africa|South Africa]]''' (30 November)
|-
!2007
|
|-
!
|{{flatlist}}
*[[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (June 16, repealed November 5)
*[[Same-sex marriage in Connecticut|Connecticut]] (12 November)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2009
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Norway|Norway]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Iowa|Iowa]] (27 April)
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Sweden|Sweden]]''' (1 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Coquille Indian Tribe|Coquille Indian Tribe]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Vermont|Vermont]] (1 September)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2010
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the District of Columbia|District of Columbia]] (3 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico City|Mexican Federal District]] (4 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation|Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation]] (29 April)
* {{flagicon|Portugal}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Portugal|Portugal]]''' (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Iceland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Iceland|Iceland]]''' (27 June)
* {{flagicon|Argentina}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Argentina|Argentina]]''' (22 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2011
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New York|New York]] (24 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Suquamish Tribe|Suquamish Tribe]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alagoas|Alagoas]] (7 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2012
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quintana Roo|Quintana Roo]] (3 May)
* {{flagicon|Denmark}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|Denmark]]''' (15 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Sergipe]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais]] (11 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Espírito Santo]] (15 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba|Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Bahia]] (26 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Brazilian Federal District]] (1 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Washington state|Washington]] (6 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe|Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Piauí]] (15 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maine|Maine]] (29 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2013
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maryland|Maryland]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|São Paulo]] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Ceará]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians|Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraná]] (26 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Mato Grosso do Sul]] (2 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Rondônia]] (26 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Santa Catarina|Santa Catarina]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraíba]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians|Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians]] (8 May)
* {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Brazil]]''' [nationwide] (16 May)
* {{flagicon|France}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in France|France]]''' (18 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel|Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel]] (24 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (28 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Delaware|Delaware]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Minnesota|Minnesota]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Portage Band of Chippewa|Grand Portage Band of Chippewa]] (1 August)
* {{flagicon|Uruguay}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Uruguay|Uruguay]]''' (5 August)
* {{flagicon|New Zealand}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in New Zealand|New Zealand]]''' (19 August)
* [[Doña Ana County, New Mexico]] (21 August)
* [[Santa Fe County, New Mexico]] (23 August)
* [[Bernalillo County, New Mexico]] (26 August)
* [[San Miguel County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Valencia County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Taos County, New Mexico]] (28 August)
* [[Los Alamos County, New Mexico]] (4 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation|Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation]] (5 September)
* [[Grant County, New Mexico]] (9 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes|Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes]] (18 October&lt;!--3rd license since repeal of DOMA, first public marriage--&gt;)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Jersey|New Jersey]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blue Lake Rancheria|Blue Lake Rancheria]] (1 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe|Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe]] (15 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hawaii|Hawaii]] (2 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Mexico|New Mexico]] [statewide] (19 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (20 December, repealed 6 January 2014)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2014
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois#Lawsuits|Cook County, Illinois]] (21 February)
* {{flagicon|England}} {{flagicon|Wales}} [[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|England and Wales]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oregon|Oregon]] (19 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois|Illinois]] [statewide] (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Akrotiri and Dhekelia|Akrotiri and Dhekelia]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory|British Indian Ocean Territory]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Puyallup Tribe of Indians|Puyallup Tribe of Indians]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (16 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians|Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians]] (10 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Coahuila|Coahuila]] (17 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oklahoma|Oklahoma]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Virginia|Virginia]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Indiana|Indiana]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wisconsin|Wisconsin]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colorado|Colorado]] (7 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in West Virginia|West Virginia]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nevada|Nevada]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes|Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in North Carolina|North Carolina]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alaska|Alaska]] (12 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Idaho|Idaho]] (15 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Arizona|Arizona]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation|Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pascua Yaqui Tribe|Pascua Yaqui Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community|Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#San Carlos Apache Tribe|San Carlos Apache Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Yavapai-Apache Nation|Yavapai-Apache Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wyoming|Wyoming]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis, Missouri]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis County, Missouri]] (6 November)
* [[Lawson v. Kelly|Jackson County, Missouri]] (7 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Douglas County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Sedgwick County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Eastern Shoshone Tribe|Eastern Shoshone Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Northern Arapaho Tribe|Northern Arapaho Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Montana|Montana]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blackfeet Nation|Blackfeet Nation]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Carolina|South Carolina]] (20 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Keweenaw Bay Indian Community|Keweenaw Bay Indian Community]] (13 December)
* {{flagicon|Scotland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Scotland|Scotland]] (16 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2015
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Luxembourg}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]''' (1 January)
* [[Pareto v. Ruvin|Miami-Dade County, Florida]] (5 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Florida|Florida]] [statewide] (6 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska|Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska]] (24 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Pitcairn Islands|Pitcairn Islands]] (14 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians|Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians]] (15 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guam|Guam]] (9 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin|Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chihuahua|Chihuahua]] (12 June)
* {{flagicon|United States}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United States|United States]]''' [nationwide] (26 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Northern Mariana Islands|Northern Mariana Islands]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians|Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians]] (7 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the United States Virgin Islands|United States Virgin Islands]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico]] (13 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro]] (21 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Hannahville Indian Community|Hannahville Indian Community]] (3 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#White Mountain Apache Tribe|White Mountain Apache Tribe]] (9 September)
* {{flagicon|Ireland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]''' (16 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon|Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon]] (18 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nayarit|Nayarit]] (23 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2016
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians|Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians]] (2 February)
* {{flagicon|Greenland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Greenland|Greenland]] (1 April)
* {{flagicon|Colombia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Colombia|Colombia]]''' (28 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Tulalip Tribes of Washington|Tulalip Tribes of Washington]] (6 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jalisco|Jalisco]] [statewide] (12 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Campeche|Campeche]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colima|Colima]] (12 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Michoacán|Michoacán]] (23 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Morelos|Morelos]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Isle of Man|Isle of Man]] (22 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Puebla|San Pedro Cholula, Puebla]] (18 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Antarctic Territory|British Antarctic Territory]] (13 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin|Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin]] (3 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cherokee Nation|Cherokee Nation]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Gibraltar|Gibraltar]] (15 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2017
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Ascension Island|Ascension Island]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Amealco de Bonfil, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Cadereyta de Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Ezequiel Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Huimilpan, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|San Joaquín, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Tolimán, Querétaro]] (4 January)
&lt;!-- *** Please check discussion on talk page before adding Slovenia! *** --&gt;
* {{flagicon|Finland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Finland|Finland]]''' (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Osage Nation|Osage Nation]] (20 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Prairie Island Indian Community|Prairie Island Indian Community]] (22 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Falkland Islands|Falkland Islands]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Guernsey]] (2 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (5 May, repealed 1 June 2018)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin|Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin]] (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Faroe Islands}} [[Same-sex marriage in the Faroe Islands|Faroe Islands]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Tristan da Cunha|Tristan da Cunha]] (4 August)
* {{flagicon|Malta}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Malta|Malta]]''' (1 September)
* {{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Germany|Germany]]''' (1 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ak-Chin Indian Community|Ak-Chin Indian Community]] (25 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California|Baja California]] (3 November)
* {{flagicon|Australia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Australia|Australia]]''' (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Saint Helena|Saint Helena]] (20 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2018
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puebla|Puebla]] [statewide] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chiapas|Chiapas]] (11 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Alderney]] (14 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jersey|Jersey]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oaxaca|Oaxaca]] (26 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ponca Tribe of Nebraska|Ponca Tribe of Nebraska]] (27 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (23 November, repealed 14 March 2022)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2019
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Austria}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Austria|Austria]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas, Zacatecas]] (14 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Cuauhtémoc, Zacatecas]] (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Villanueva, Zacatecas]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]] (21 May)
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Taiwan|Taiwan]]''' (24 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nuevo León|Nuevo León]] (31 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hidalgo|Hidalgo]] (11 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California Sur|Baja California Sur]] (29 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Miguel Auza, Zacatecas]] (by 5 July)
* {{flagicon|Ecuador}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Ecuador|Ecuador]]''' (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oglala Sioux Tribe|Oglala Sioux Tribe]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Bay Mills Indian Community|Bay Mills Indian Community]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Colorado River Indian Tribes|Colorado River Indian Tribes]] (8 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Aguascalientes|Aguascalientes]] (16 August)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2020
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]] [final jurisdiction in the {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]'''] (13 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Sark]] (23 April)
* {{flagicon|Costa Rica}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]''' (26 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Fresnillo, Zacatecas]] (3 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota|Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians]] (6 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tlaxcala|Tlaxcala]] (25 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2021
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sinaloa|Sinaloa]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sonora|Sonora]] (22 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Querétaro|Querétaro]] [statewide] (13 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guanajuato|Guanajuato]] (20 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas]] [statewide] (30 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2022
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yucatán|Yucatán]] (4 March)
* {{flagicon|Chile}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Chile|Chile]]''' (10 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska|Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska]] (11 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Chickasaw Nation|Chickasaw Nation]] (18 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians|Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians]] (25 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Veracruz|Veracruz]] (13 June)
* {{flagicon|Switzerland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Switzerland|Switzerland]]''' (1 July)
* {{flagicon|Slovenia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Slovenia|Slovenia]]''' (8 or 9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Durango|Durango]] (19 September)
* {{flagicon|Cuba}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Cuba|Cuba]]''' (27 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tabasco|Tabasco]] (27 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] (2 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tamaulipas|Tamaulipas]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe|Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe]] (21 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guerrero|Guerrero]] [statewide; final jurisdiction in {{flagicon|Mexico}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Mexico|Mexico]]'''] (31 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2023
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Andorra}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Andorra|Andorra]]''' (17 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi|Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi]] (16 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Choctaw Nation|Choctaw Nation]] (23 May)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2024
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Estonia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Estonia|Estonia]]''' (1 January)
* {{flagicon|Greece}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Greece|Greece]]''' (16 February)
* {{flagicon|Aruba}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Aruba]] (12 July)
* {{flagicon|Curacao}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Curaçao]] (12 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2025
|{{flatlist}}
* '''{{flagicon|Liechtenstein}} [[Same-sex marriage in Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein]] '''(1 January)
*{{Flagicon|Thailand}} '''[[Recognition of same-sex unions in Thailand|Thailand]]''' (23 January) 
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2026
|{{flatlist}}
{{endflatlist}}
|}

== Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe ==
Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako wentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi uyavunywa emaveni langu-38: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, France, Greece, Estonia. I-Iceland, i-Ireland, i-Liechtenstein, i-Luxembourg, i- Malta,  Mexico,  Netherlands,  New Zealand, i-Norway, i-Portugal, i-Slovenia, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, iSweden, iSwitzerland, iTaiwan, iThailand,  - United States ]  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. 

[[File:World_marriage-equality_laws.svg|center|thumb|
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Legend/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{legend|#025|Marriage open to same-sex couples}}
{{legend|#90C|Same-sex marriage recognized with full rights when performed remotely or abroad}}
{{legend|#71C837|Legislation or binding domestic court ruling establishing same-sex marriage, but marriage is not yet provided for}}
{{legend|#06F|Civil unions or domestic partnerships}}
{{legend|#9CF|Unregistered cohabitation or legal guardianship}}
{{legend striped|#9CF|#EEE|Nonbinding certification|up=yes}}
{{legend|#CAF|Limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions (residency rights for spouses)}}
{{legend|#C6E9AF|Country subject to an international court ruling for limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions}}
{{legend|#EEE|No legal recognition of same-sex unions}}
]]

Inkantolo yemtsetfosisekelo yaseBolivia yaniketa bantfu labashadile lilungelo lelisemtsetfweni lekushada kulelo live, kodvwa leyo ndlela ayitfolakali ngalokuvamile.  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako umgunyatwe yiNkantolo Lephakeme yaseNepal, kodvwa imishado ibhalwa ebhukwini lelehlukile futsi ayivunywa nguhulumende.  

Kucatshangelwa tinyunyana tesive ePhilippines  nasePoland.  

Ngenyanga yeNdlovulenkhulu mhla tinge-12 2015, iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesingabophi lesikhutsata tikhungo te-EU kanye nemave langemalunga kutsi &quot;[acabangisise] ngekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma inyunyana yebantfu bebulili lobufanako njenge tindzaba tepolitiki, yetenhlalo kanye neyebantfu kanye nemalungelo ebantfu&quot;.  

Ngekuphendvula kusakateka kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe,emave lamanyenti abeke umtsetfosisekelo lovimbelako, lapho khona losandza kwenteka bekuyiGabon nga-2024. Kulamanye emave, leyo mikhawulo kanye nemikhawulo yentiwa ngemtsetfo. Ngisho nangaphambi kwekutsi kucale kubekwe umtsetfo wemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, lamanye emave bekanemitsetfosisekelo lebeyicacisa kutsi umshado bewusemkhatsini wendvodza nemfati.

[[File:Constitutional_bans_on_same-sex_unions_by_country.svg|center|thumb|
{{legend|#D40000|Same-sex marriage [[Same-sex union legislation#Bans|banned]] by secular constitution}}
{{legend|#800000|Same-sex marriage banned by constitutionally mandated religious law}}
{{legend|#CCCCCC|No constitutional ban}}
]]

=== Tincumo tenkantolo lavelonkhe ===

==== INkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu ====
Nga-2010, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu (ECHR) yakhipha sincumo ecaleni lelitsi ''Schalk naKopf v Austria,'' lebelifaka ekhatsi bantfu labashadene base-Austria lababulili lobufanako labancishwa lilungelo lekushada.  Inkantolo itfole,ngekuvota kwa-4 kuya ku-3, kutsi emalungelo abo ebantfu akazange aphulwe.  Inkantolo iphindze yatsi tinyunyana tebantfu bebulili lobufanako ativikeleki ngaphasi kwe-art.12 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekushada&quot;), lelivikela kuphela lilungelo lekushada lebantfu labashadile bebulili lobehlukile (kungakhatsaleki kutsi bulili balaba labashadene bungumphumela wekutalwa noma wekushintja kwebulili), kepha bavikelekile ngaphasi kwe-art. 8 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekuhlonipha imphilo yangasese neyemndeni&quot;) kanye nebuciko. 14 (&quot;Kuvinjelwa kwekubandlululwa&quot;). 

I-Athikili 12 yeSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu itsi: &quot;Emadvodza nebafati labaseminyakeni yekushada banelungelo lekushada nekusungula umndeni, ngekuya kwemitsetfo yavelonkhe lecondzisa kusetjentiswa kwalelilungelo&quot;,  hhayi umkhawulo wemshado kulabo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobehlukile. Kepha, i-ECHR yatsi ku ''Schalk na Kopf v Austria'' kutsi loluhlelo beluhloselwe kukhawulela umshado ebudlelwaneni bebantfu bebulili lobehlukile, njengoba belusebentisa ligama lelitsi &quot;emadvodza nebafati&quot; esikhundleni sekutsi &quot;wonkhe umuntfu&quot;.  Noma kunjalo, inkantolo yemukele futsi icabanga ngemacala laphatselene nekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, sibonelo ''Andersen v Poland.''  Nga-2021, lenkantolo yakhipha sincumo ecaleni ''laFedotova and Others v. Russia'' lokwalandzela tehlulelo takamuva letiphatselene nalamanye emave langemalunga kutsi emave kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako luhlobo lolutsite lwekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo, nanobe kungasho kutsi bashade. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=216–228}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Union yaseYurophu ====
Ngenyanga yeNhlaba mhla tinge-5 Inhlaba 2018, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yakhipha sincumo, ecaleni laComan nalabanye v General Inspectorate of Immigration kanye neLitiko Letekhatsi, kutsi, ngaphansi kwemibandzela letsite yalaba labashadene lokukhulunywa ngayo, bantfu labashadile  bebulili lobufanako banemalungelo lafanako ekuhlala njengalamanye emave lashadile e-EU, ngisho nangabe emave lashadile e-EU angavumelani nekutsi. Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.   Noma kunjalo, lesijubo asizange sisebente eRomania, futsi mhla tinge-14 Inyoni 2021 iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesibita iKhomishini yaseYurophu kutsi icinisekise kutsi lesijubo siyahlonishwa kulo lonkhe le-EU.  

Ngenyanga yeLweti mhla tinge-25 2025, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yasungula kutsi onkhe Emave Lamalunga e-EU kumele avume imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako leyentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni kulamanye emave e-EU ngaletinye tinjongo, kwandzisa licala laComan.  Tinhlelo letibalulekile talesincumo nguleti:

* Langemalunga Emave  kudzingeka kutsi atsatse umshado lowentiwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kulelinye Live Lelilunga lapho khona lokungenani umlingani munye abe yisakhamuti se-EU asebentisa lilungelo lakhe lekuhamba ngekukhululeka nekuhlala.
* Loku kubonwa kuphocelekile ngenhloso yekusebentisa emalungelo laniketwa ngumtsetfo we-EU, njengekuhlala, tinzuzo temtselo, lifa, kanye nekuphepha kwetenhlalakahle.
* Uma ngabe Lilunga Lelive liniketa inchubo yekuvuma imishado yalamanye emave ngekubhalisa (sib., ePoland ligama lelitsi transcription, noma transkrypcja, lisetjentiswa kufaka umshado lowentiwe emaveni langaphandle ebhukwini lesive), kumele lisebentise leyo nchubo ngekulingana kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako. Angeke yala kubhalwa phansi kuphela ngoba umtsetfo wasekhaya awuvumeli umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.

Kepha lesincumo asidzingi kutsi Emave Lamalunga ente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngaphakatsi kwetinhlelo tawo temtsetfo tasekhaya Ligunyata kuphela kuvunywa kwemishado lephethwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kuletinye tindzawo e-EU. Lamave lalandzelako e-EU, lebekangavumi imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako ngaphambilini, atsintseka ngalokucondzile ngulesijubo:  iBulgaria, iCroatia, iCyprus, iCzechia, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iPoland, iRomania neSlovakia.

==== Inkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika ====
[[File:María_Alexandra_Chávez_y_Michelle_Pamela_Avilés_-_Primer_matrimonio_entre_dos_mujeres_en_Ecuador.jpg|right|thumb|Alexandra Chávez kanye naMichelle Avilés, bantfu bekucala labashada ngebulili lobufanako e-Ecuador]]
Mhlaka 8 Bhimbidvwane 2018, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika (IACHR) yakhipha umbono wekweluleka lotsi emave lasesigabeni seSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu saseMelika kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kungena kuto tonkhe tinhlelo temtsetfo tasekhaya letikhona tekubhalisa umndeni, lokufaka ekhatsi umshado, kanye nawo onkhe emalungelo lavela emshadweni. LeNkantolo yancoma kutsi bohulumende bakhiphe imitsetfo yesikhashana levumela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kute kube ngulapho sekuletfwe umtsetfo lomusha. Baphindze batsi akuvumelekile futsi kuyabandlulula kutsi kusungulwe umtsetfo lowehlukile (njengetinyunyana tesive) esikhundleni semshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.

== Lamanye emalungiselelo ==
=== Tinyunyana ===
[[File:New_York_City_Proposition_8_Protest_outside_LDS_temple_20.jpg|thumb|Bameli labanyenti, njengalombhikishi wa Lweti 2008 emkhosweni eNew York City lomelene neSiphakamiso 8 saseCalifornia, bayawulahla umcondvo wetinyunyana tesive, batichaza njengaletiphansi kunekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako. ]]

Civil union,civil partnership, kubambisana kwasekhaya, kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, kubambisana lokungabhalisiwe,kanye netimo tekuhlala ndzawonye letingabhalisiwe kuniketa tinzuzo letehlukahlukene temtsetfo temshado. Kusukela, emave lanendlela lenye yekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo ngaphandle kwemshado ezingeni lesive ngula: iBolivia, iCroatia, iCyprus, iRiphabhulikhi yaseCzech, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iMonaco, iMontenegro kanye neSan Marino.   Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. Ngetulu kwaloko, emagunya lehlukahlukene eCambodia, eJapan nasePhilippines aniketa bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako tinzuzo letehlukahlukene, letifaka ekhatsi emalungelo ekuvakashelwa esibhedlela kanye naletinye.

Ngetulu kwaloko, emave lalishumi nesiphohlongo lavunywe ngekwemtsetfo umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako nawo anendlela lenye yekuvunywa kwebantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako, levame kutfolakala kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobehlukile futsi: Argentina , Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador Luxeta iNetherlands, iPutukezi, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, i- United Kingdom kanye ne -Uruguay.    

Tiphindze titfolakale etincenyeni taseMelika ( Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Illinois, New Jersey, Nevada nase Oregon ) naseCanada.  

=== Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako longasiyo yebulili ===

==== Kenya ====
Umshado webantfu besifazane bebulili lobufanako wentiwa emkhatsini wema Gikuyu, ema Nandi, ema Kamba, ema Kipsigis, kanye nebantfu lababomakhelwane ngesilinganiso lesincane. Cishe 5-10% besifazane basemishadweni lenjalo. Nomakunjalo, loku akubonwa njengebutabane, kepha esikhundleni saloko kuyindlela yemindeni lete emadvodzana kutsi igcine lifa layo ngaphakatsi kwemndeni. 

==== Nigeria ====
{{KI|Recognition of same-sex unions in Nigeria}}Emkhatsini webantfu bema Igbo futsi mhlawumbe nalabanye bantfu labaseningizimu yalelive, kunetimo lapho khona umshado emkhatsini wabomake utsatfwa njengalofanele, njengalapho umfati angenamntfwana bese indvodza yakhe iyafa, bese utsatsa umfati kutsi achubeke nelifa lakhe kanye neluhlu lwemndeni.</text>
      <sha1>mpld2jl01y3qfb37jn1xrv33j24nhui</sha1>
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      <id>43179</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-28T13:59:47Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Thulamag</username>
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      <comment>Created by translating the section &quot;Religion and same-sex marriage&quot; from the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377047136|Same-sex marriage]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="41776" sha1="q5195jqrvyfv2tm53h6n1pbs3tfsxu0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Wedding_in_New_Orleans,_November_11,_2017.jpg|thumb|Emadvodza lamabili ashada, atungeletwe ngumcimbi wemshado, eNew Orleans, eMelika nga-11 Lweti 2017.]]
[[File:Same-sex-marriage-taiwan.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emkhatsini wabomake lababili eTaiwan.]]

== Emagama ==
=== Leminye imigomo ===
[[File:Wedding_cake_of_a_same_sex_marriage.JPG|thumb|Likhekhe lemshado webantfu labatsandzana ngebulili lobufanako]]
Labanye labasekela kutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako uvunywe ngalokusemtsetfweni njenge- Marriage Equality USA (leyasungulwa nga-1998), Inkhululeko Yekushada (leyasungulwa nga-2003), Bantfu BaseCanada Bebafuna Umshado Lolinganako, kanye neMshado Wabo Bonkhe BaseJapan basebentisa emagama latsi ''kulingana kwemshado'' kanye nekutsi ''umshado wabo ulinganise'' kubonwa ngesizatfu lesilinganako nemshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.       I- Associated Press incoma kutsi kusetjentiswe ''umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako'' kunemshado ''wetikokhoni''.   Lokunye lokuya elulwimini lolufaka ekhatsi kakhulu kube kushintja kusuka ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako kuya ''ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako'', futsi ngendlela lefanako ''nemshado webulili lobufanako'' kutsi ungavimbeli bantfu ngabanye ngekhatsi kwebudlelwane ngekutsi bakhetse bulili, njengobe bunjalo bebulili buyinhlobo futsi kuphawula kutsi emagama emlandvo akhipha emalunga e -LGBTQ noma e- transsexual. &lt;ref name=&quot;SageEncyclopedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last5=Abdullah|last2=Jahaan}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Kusetjentiswa kweligama lelitsi ''umshado.'' ===
Bososayensi bebantfu baye balwa kamatima kute batfole inchazelo yemshado letsatsa tintfo letifanako tekwakha kwetenhlalo emasikweni emhlabeni wonkhe. &lt;ref name=&quot;Fedorak&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Ch. 11; p. 174}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=23–34}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tincazelo letinyenti letiphakanyisiwe tigcekwe ngekwehluleka kubona kuba khona kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kulamanye emasiko, kufaka ekhatsi lawo ebantfu base-Afrika labangetulu kwa - 30, njengema Kikuyu nemaNuer. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;Kikuyu&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=1–23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Njengobe emave lamanyenti abuyeketa imitsetfo yawo yemshado kute abone bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako ngelikhulu lemashumi lamabili nakunye,tonkhe tichazamagama letinkhulu tesiNgisi tibuyekete inchazelo yato yeligama lelitsi umshado kute tiyekele kucaciswa kwebulili nobe tifake tinchazelo tesibili kute tifake ekhatsi lulwimi lolungatsatsi luhlangotsi ngebulili nobe lulwimi lolucacile.   ''Sichazamagama sesiNgisi sase-Oxford'' sesivume umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kusukela nga-2000. 

Labaphikisa umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako labafuna kutsi umshado ube ngumshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, njenge Lisontfo laJesu Khristu Lebangcwele Bemalanga Ekugcina, Lisontfo LemaKatolika, kanye neSouthern Baptist Convention, basebentisa ligama lelitsi ''umshado wesintfu'' kusho umshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.

== Umlandvo ==
=== Yasendvulo ===
Incwadzi yaLevithikhusi beyivimbela kutsandzana nebantfu bebulili lobufanako, futsi emaHebheru icwayiswa kutsi &quot;angalandzeli tento telive laseGibhithe noma tento telive laseKhenani&quot; (Lev. 18:22, 20:13). Kukhulunywa ngemshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kuvela etincwadzini ta Rabbinic letibitwa ngekutsi Sifra, letabhalwa emkhatsini wa-200 kuya ku-300 CE. Le Sifra icacisa loko lekubita ngetento letingacacile, nekutsi bekufaka ekhatsi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako: &quot;Indvodza beyitawushada nendvodza nemfati, umfati, indvodza beyitawushada nemfati nendvodzakati yakhe, bese umfati bekatawushada nemadvodza lamabili.&quot; 

Tati letimbalwa tikholelwa kutsi ekucaleni kweMbuso waseRoma labanye bantfu labadvuna labashadene bebagubha imikhosi yemshado yesintfu embikwebangani. Imishado yemadvodza - emadvodza ibikwa yimitfombo lebahlekisako; imiva yalabahlanganyeli ayibhalwa phansi.  Imithombo leyehlukahlukene yasendvulo itsi umbusi Nero bekagubha imishado lemibili yemmango nemadvodza, wake watsatsa indzima yamakoti (nemuntfu lokhululekile Pythagoras), futsi wake waba ngumkhwenyana (ne Sporus); kungenteka kutsi bekunesitsatfu lapho abengumakoti khona.  Ekucaleni kwelikhulu lesitsatfu AD,umbusi Elagabalus kubikwa kutsi bekangumakoti emshadweni wemlingani wakhe lomdvuna. Lamanye emadvodza lavutsiwe esigodlweni sakhe bekanemadvodza, noma atsi anemadvodza alingisa umbusi.  Umtsetfo wemaRoma bewungavumi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna, kepha lesinye sizatfu sekungavumelani lokuvetwe ku Juvenal's satire kutsi kugubha emasiko bekutawuholela ekulindzeleni kutsi imishado lenjalo ibhaliswe ngalokusemtsetfweni.  Nje ngoba lombuso bewucala kuba ngemaKhristu ngelikhulu lesi-4,kwacala kuvela imitsetfo levimbela umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot; /&gt;

Ngelikhulu lesi-17 eChina, umbhali Li Yu kanye nesazi-sikhulu Shen Defu babhala ngeluhlelo lwemishado yemadvodza esigodzini saseFujian. Lendvodza lendzala kulenyunyana beyitawudlala indzima yebudvodza njenge qixiong noma &quot;umnakabo lomdzala lokhulisako&quot;, akhokhe &quot; intsengo yemakoti &quot; emndenini wendvodza lencane bekutsiwa tintfombi tilandza intsengo lephakeme lowaba yi qidi, noma &quot;umnakabo lomncane lokhulisako&quot;. Li Yu wachaza lomkhosi, &quot;Abaweci tinkomishi letintsatfu tetiye noma imikhosi lesitfupha yemshado- kufana nje nemshado lofanele ngemshado lohlelekile.&quot; 

=== Sikhatsi sinye ===
[[File:NewlyMarriedCoupleAtCourthouse.jpg|thumb|Labashadile eMinnesota ngemuva nje kwekutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni eMelika, 2015.]]
Michael McConnell na Jack Baker   ngulabashadile bekucala bebulili lobufanako emlandvweni wesimanje lobhalwe phansi  lowatiwa ngekutfola lilayisensi lemshado,  babe nemshado wabo lohloniphekile, lowenteka nga 3 INyoni 1971, eMinnesota,  futsi babe nawo lovunywe ngunobe ngumuphi hulumende lovunywe ngumtsetfo.   Tati temlandvo ngetindlela letehlukene tilandzela sicalo semnyakato wesimanje wekusekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma ngukuphi kusuka ngabo 1980 kuya ku 1990. Ngesikhatsi seminyaka yabo-1980 eMelika, lubhubhane lwengculazi lwaholela ekutsi bantfu banake kakhulu tincenye temtsetfo tebudlelwane bebantfu bebulili lobufanako.  Andrew Sullivan wenta licala lekucala lemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako encwadzini lenkhulu yaseMelika nga-1989,  leyashicilelwa ku- ''The New Republic''. 

Nga 1989, iDenmark yaba live lekucala lekuvuma ngalokusemtsetfweni budlelwane bebantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako, yasungula kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, lokunikete labo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako &quot;emalungelo lamanyenti ebantfu labashadile, kepha hhayi lilungelo lekutsatsa noma kutfola umntfwana ngekuhlanganyela&quot;.  Nga-2001, Netherlands laba live lekucala lekwandzisa imitsetfo yemshado kute ifake ekhatsi bantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako.   Kusukela ngaleso sikhatsi, umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sewusungulwe ngumtsetfo kulamanye emave langu-38, lokufaka ekhatsi emave lamanyenti aseMelika naseNshonalanga Yurophu. Nomakunjalo kusakateka kwayo bekungalingani iNingizimu Afrika ngiyo kuphela live eAfrika lelitsatse lesinyatselo; I-Taiwan ne -Thailand ngito kuphela letiseNingizimu kuya eMpumalanga ye-Asia.  

Kusukela nga 2026,iBermuda nguyona indzawo yekucala futsi nguyona kuphela emhlabeni wonkhe leyenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi lapho khona loko kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sekucinywe khona.

== Umugca wesikhatsi ==
Lelithebula lesifinyeto lelingentasi libala emagunya lawente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni,ngekulandzelana kwetikhatsi. Kusukela nga-2025,emave langu-38 abe semtsetfweni ngendlela letsite. 

Emalanga ngulapho imishado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako yacala kucinisekiswa ngalokusemtsetfweni,noma lapho khona imitsetfo yendzawo yaphasiswa uma imishado beyingakavumeleki ngaphansi kweligunya leliphakeme.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!2001
|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]''' (1 April)
|-
!2002
|
|-
!2003
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Belgium}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Belgium|Belgium]]''' (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Ontario|Ontario]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in British Columbia|British Columbia]] (8 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2004
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quebec|Quebec]] (19 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] (17 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yukon|Yukon]] (14 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Manitoba|Manitoba]] (16 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nova Scotia|Nova Scotia]] (24 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland and Labrador]] (21 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2005
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Brunswick|New Brunswick]] (23 June)
* {{flagicon|Spain}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Spain|Spain]]''' (3 July)
* {{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Canada|Canada]]''' [nationwide] (20 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2006
|{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in South Africa|South Africa]]''' (30 November)
|-
!2007
|
|-
!
|{{flatlist}}
*[[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (June 16, repealed November 5)
*[[Same-sex marriage in Connecticut|Connecticut]] (12 November)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2009
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Norway|Norway]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Iowa|Iowa]] (27 April)
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Sweden|Sweden]]''' (1 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Coquille Indian Tribe|Coquille Indian Tribe]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Vermont|Vermont]] (1 September)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2010
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the District of Columbia|District of Columbia]] (3 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico City|Mexican Federal District]] (4 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation|Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation]] (29 April)
* {{flagicon|Portugal}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Portugal|Portugal]]''' (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Iceland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Iceland|Iceland]]''' (27 June)
* {{flagicon|Argentina}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Argentina|Argentina]]''' (22 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2011
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New York|New York]] (24 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Suquamish Tribe|Suquamish Tribe]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alagoas|Alagoas]] (7 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2012
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quintana Roo|Quintana Roo]] (3 May)
* {{flagicon|Denmark}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|Denmark]]''' (15 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Sergipe]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais]] (11 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Espírito Santo]] (15 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba|Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Bahia]] (26 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Brazilian Federal District]] (1 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Washington state|Washington]] (6 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe|Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Piauí]] (15 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maine|Maine]] (29 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2013
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maryland|Maryland]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|São Paulo]] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Ceará]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians|Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraná]] (26 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Mato Grosso do Sul]] (2 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Rondônia]] (26 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Santa Catarina|Santa Catarina]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraíba]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians|Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians]] (8 May)
* {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Brazil]]''' [nationwide] (16 May)
* {{flagicon|France}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in France|France]]''' (18 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel|Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel]] (24 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (28 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Delaware|Delaware]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Minnesota|Minnesota]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Portage Band of Chippewa|Grand Portage Band of Chippewa]] (1 August)
* {{flagicon|Uruguay}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Uruguay|Uruguay]]''' (5 August)
* {{flagicon|New Zealand}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in New Zealand|New Zealand]]''' (19 August)
* [[Doña Ana County, New Mexico]] (21 August)
* [[Santa Fe County, New Mexico]] (23 August)
* [[Bernalillo County, New Mexico]] (26 August)
* [[San Miguel County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Valencia County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Taos County, New Mexico]] (28 August)
* [[Los Alamos County, New Mexico]] (4 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation|Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation]] (5 September)
* [[Grant County, New Mexico]] (9 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes|Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes]] (18 October&lt;!--3rd license since repeal of DOMA, first public marriage--&gt;)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Jersey|New Jersey]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blue Lake Rancheria|Blue Lake Rancheria]] (1 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe|Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe]] (15 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hawaii|Hawaii]] (2 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Mexico|New Mexico]] [statewide] (19 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (20 December, repealed 6 January 2014)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2014
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois#Lawsuits|Cook County, Illinois]] (21 February)
* {{flagicon|England}} {{flagicon|Wales}} [[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|England and Wales]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oregon|Oregon]] (19 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois|Illinois]] [statewide] (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Akrotiri and Dhekelia|Akrotiri and Dhekelia]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory|British Indian Ocean Territory]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Puyallup Tribe of Indians|Puyallup Tribe of Indians]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (16 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians|Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians]] (10 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Coahuila|Coahuila]] (17 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oklahoma|Oklahoma]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Virginia|Virginia]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Indiana|Indiana]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wisconsin|Wisconsin]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colorado|Colorado]] (7 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in West Virginia|West Virginia]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nevada|Nevada]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes|Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in North Carolina|North Carolina]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alaska|Alaska]] (12 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Idaho|Idaho]] (15 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Arizona|Arizona]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation|Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pascua Yaqui Tribe|Pascua Yaqui Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community|Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#San Carlos Apache Tribe|San Carlos Apache Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Yavapai-Apache Nation|Yavapai-Apache Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wyoming|Wyoming]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis, Missouri]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis County, Missouri]] (6 November)
* [[Lawson v. Kelly|Jackson County, Missouri]] (7 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Douglas County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Sedgwick County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Eastern Shoshone Tribe|Eastern Shoshone Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Northern Arapaho Tribe|Northern Arapaho Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Montana|Montana]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blackfeet Nation|Blackfeet Nation]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Carolina|South Carolina]] (20 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Keweenaw Bay Indian Community|Keweenaw Bay Indian Community]] (13 December)
* {{flagicon|Scotland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Scotland|Scotland]] (16 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2015
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Luxembourg}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]''' (1 January)
* [[Pareto v. Ruvin|Miami-Dade County, Florida]] (5 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Florida|Florida]] [statewide] (6 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska|Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska]] (24 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Pitcairn Islands|Pitcairn Islands]] (14 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians|Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians]] (15 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guam|Guam]] (9 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin|Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chihuahua|Chihuahua]] (12 June)
* {{flagicon|United States}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United States|United States]]''' [nationwide] (26 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Northern Mariana Islands|Northern Mariana Islands]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians|Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians]] (7 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the United States Virgin Islands|United States Virgin Islands]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico]] (13 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro]] (21 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Hannahville Indian Community|Hannahville Indian Community]] (3 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#White Mountain Apache Tribe|White Mountain Apache Tribe]] (9 September)
* {{flagicon|Ireland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]''' (16 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon|Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon]] (18 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nayarit|Nayarit]] (23 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2016
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians|Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians]] (2 February)
* {{flagicon|Greenland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Greenland|Greenland]] (1 April)
* {{flagicon|Colombia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Colombia|Colombia]]''' (28 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Tulalip Tribes of Washington|Tulalip Tribes of Washington]] (6 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jalisco|Jalisco]] [statewide] (12 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Campeche|Campeche]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colima|Colima]] (12 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Michoacán|Michoacán]] (23 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Morelos|Morelos]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Isle of Man|Isle of Man]] (22 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Puebla|San Pedro Cholula, Puebla]] (18 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Antarctic Territory|British Antarctic Territory]] (13 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin|Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin]] (3 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cherokee Nation|Cherokee Nation]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Gibraltar|Gibraltar]] (15 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2017
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Ascension Island|Ascension Island]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Amealco de Bonfil, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Cadereyta de Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Ezequiel Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Huimilpan, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|San Joaquín, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Tolimán, Querétaro]] (4 January)
&lt;!-- *** Please check discussion on talk page before adding Slovenia! *** --&gt;
* {{flagicon|Finland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Finland|Finland]]''' (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Osage Nation|Osage Nation]] (20 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Prairie Island Indian Community|Prairie Island Indian Community]] (22 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Falkland Islands|Falkland Islands]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Guernsey]] (2 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (5 May, repealed 1 June 2018)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin|Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin]] (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Faroe Islands}} [[Same-sex marriage in the Faroe Islands|Faroe Islands]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Tristan da Cunha|Tristan da Cunha]] (4 August)
* {{flagicon|Malta}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Malta|Malta]]''' (1 September)
* {{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Germany|Germany]]''' (1 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ak-Chin Indian Community|Ak-Chin Indian Community]] (25 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California|Baja California]] (3 November)
* {{flagicon|Australia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Australia|Australia]]''' (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Saint Helena|Saint Helena]] (20 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2018
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puebla|Puebla]] [statewide] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chiapas|Chiapas]] (11 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Alderney]] (14 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jersey|Jersey]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oaxaca|Oaxaca]] (26 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ponca Tribe of Nebraska|Ponca Tribe of Nebraska]] (27 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (23 November, repealed 14 March 2022)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2019
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Austria}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Austria|Austria]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas, Zacatecas]] (14 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Cuauhtémoc, Zacatecas]] (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Villanueva, Zacatecas]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]] (21 May)
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Taiwan|Taiwan]]''' (24 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nuevo León|Nuevo León]] (31 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hidalgo|Hidalgo]] (11 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California Sur|Baja California Sur]] (29 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Miguel Auza, Zacatecas]] (by 5 July)
* {{flagicon|Ecuador}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Ecuador|Ecuador]]''' (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oglala Sioux Tribe|Oglala Sioux Tribe]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Bay Mills Indian Community|Bay Mills Indian Community]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Colorado River Indian Tribes|Colorado River Indian Tribes]] (8 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Aguascalientes|Aguascalientes]] (16 August)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2020
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]] [final jurisdiction in the {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]'''] (13 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Sark]] (23 April)
* {{flagicon|Costa Rica}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]''' (26 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Fresnillo, Zacatecas]] (3 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota|Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians]] (6 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tlaxcala|Tlaxcala]] (25 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2021
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sinaloa|Sinaloa]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sonora|Sonora]] (22 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Querétaro|Querétaro]] [statewide] (13 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guanajuato|Guanajuato]] (20 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas]] [statewide] (30 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2022
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yucatán|Yucatán]] (4 March)
* {{flagicon|Chile}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Chile|Chile]]''' (10 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska|Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska]] (11 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Chickasaw Nation|Chickasaw Nation]] (18 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians|Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians]] (25 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Veracruz|Veracruz]] (13 June)
* {{flagicon|Switzerland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Switzerland|Switzerland]]''' (1 July)
* {{flagicon|Slovenia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Slovenia|Slovenia]]''' (8 or 9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Durango|Durango]] (19 September)
* {{flagicon|Cuba}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Cuba|Cuba]]''' (27 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tabasco|Tabasco]] (27 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] (2 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tamaulipas|Tamaulipas]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe|Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe]] (21 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guerrero|Guerrero]] [statewide; final jurisdiction in {{flagicon|Mexico}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Mexico|Mexico]]'''] (31 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2023
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Andorra}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Andorra|Andorra]]''' (17 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi|Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi]] (16 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Choctaw Nation|Choctaw Nation]] (23 May)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2024
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Estonia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Estonia|Estonia]]''' (1 January)
* {{flagicon|Greece}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Greece|Greece]]''' (16 February)
* {{flagicon|Aruba}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Aruba]] (12 July)
* {{flagicon|Curacao}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Curaçao]] (12 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2025
|{{flatlist}}
* '''{{flagicon|Liechtenstein}} [[Same-sex marriage in Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein]] '''(1 January)
*{{Flagicon|Thailand}} '''[[Recognition of same-sex unions in Thailand|Thailand]]''' (23 January) 
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2026
|{{flatlist}}
{{endflatlist}}
|}

== Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe ==
Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako wentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi uyavunywa emaveni langu-38: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, France, Greece, Estonia. I-Iceland, i-Ireland, i-Liechtenstein, i-Luxembourg, i- Malta,  Mexico,  Netherlands,  New Zealand, i-Norway, i-Portugal, i-Slovenia, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, iSweden, iSwitzerland, iTaiwan, iThailand,  - United States ]  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. 

[[File:World_marriage-equality_laws.svg|center|thumb|
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Legend/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{legend|#025|Marriage open to same-sex couples}}
{{legend|#90C|Same-sex marriage recognized with full rights when performed remotely or abroad}}
{{legend|#71C837|Legislation or binding domestic court ruling establishing same-sex marriage, but marriage is not yet provided for}}
{{legend|#06F|Civil unions or domestic partnerships}}
{{legend|#9CF|Unregistered cohabitation or legal guardianship}}
{{legend striped|#9CF|#EEE|Nonbinding certification|up=yes}}
{{legend|#CAF|Limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions (residency rights for spouses)}}
{{legend|#C6E9AF|Country subject to an international court ruling for limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions}}
{{legend|#EEE|No legal recognition of same-sex unions}}
]]

Inkantolo yemtsetfosisekelo yaseBolivia yaniketa bantfu labashadile lilungelo lelisemtsetfweni lekushada kulelo live, kodvwa leyo ndlela ayitfolakali ngalokuvamile.  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako umgunyatwe yiNkantolo Lephakeme yaseNepal, kodvwa imishado ibhalwa ebhukwini lelehlukile futsi ayivunywa nguhulumende.  

Kucatshangelwa tinyunyana tesive ePhilippines  nasePoland.  

Ngenyanga yeNdlovulenkhulu mhla tinge-12 2015, iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesingabophi lesikhutsata tikhungo te-EU kanye nemave langemalunga kutsi &quot;[acabangisise] ngekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma inyunyana yebantfu bebulili lobufanako njenge tindzaba tepolitiki, yetenhlalo kanye neyebantfu kanye nemalungelo ebantfu&quot;.  

Ngekuphendvula kusakateka kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe,emave lamanyenti abeke umtsetfosisekelo lovimbelako, lapho khona losandza kwenteka bekuyiGabon nga-2024. Kulamanye emave, leyo mikhawulo kanye nemikhawulo yentiwa ngemtsetfo. Ngisho nangaphambi kwekutsi kucale kubekwe umtsetfo wemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, lamanye emave bekanemitsetfosisekelo lebeyicacisa kutsi umshado bewusemkhatsini wendvodza nemfati.

[[File:Constitutional_bans_on_same-sex_unions_by_country.svg|center|thumb|
{{legend|#D40000|Same-sex marriage [[Same-sex union legislation#Bans|banned]] by secular constitution}}
{{legend|#800000|Same-sex marriage banned by constitutionally mandated religious law}}
{{legend|#CCCCCC|No constitutional ban}}
]]

=== Tincumo tenkantolo lavelonkhe ===

==== INkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu ====
Nga-2010, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu (ECHR) yakhipha sincumo ecaleni lelitsi ''Schalk naKopf v Austria,'' lebelifaka ekhatsi bantfu labashadene base-Austria lababulili lobufanako labancishwa lilungelo lekushada.  Inkantolo itfole,ngekuvota kwa-4 kuya ku-3, kutsi emalungelo abo ebantfu akazange aphulwe.  Inkantolo iphindze yatsi tinyunyana tebantfu bebulili lobufanako ativikeleki ngaphasi kwe-art.12 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekushada&quot;), lelivikela kuphela lilungelo lekushada lebantfu labashadile bebulili lobehlukile (kungakhatsaleki kutsi bulili balaba labashadene bungumphumela wekutalwa noma wekushintja kwebulili), kepha bavikelekile ngaphasi kwe-art. 8 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekuhlonipha imphilo yangasese neyemndeni&quot;) kanye nebuciko. 14 (&quot;Kuvinjelwa kwekubandlululwa&quot;). 

I-Athikili 12 yeSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu itsi: &quot;Emadvodza nebafati labaseminyakeni yekushada banelungelo lekushada nekusungula umndeni, ngekuya kwemitsetfo yavelonkhe lecondzisa kusetjentiswa kwalelilungelo&quot;,  hhayi umkhawulo wemshado kulabo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobehlukile. Kepha, i-ECHR yatsi ku ''Schalk na Kopf v Austria'' kutsi loluhlelo beluhloselwe kukhawulela umshado ebudlelwaneni bebantfu bebulili lobehlukile, njengoba belusebentisa ligama lelitsi &quot;emadvodza nebafati&quot; esikhundleni sekutsi &quot;wonkhe umuntfu&quot;.  Noma kunjalo, inkantolo yemukele futsi icabanga ngemacala laphatselene nekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, sibonelo ''Andersen v Poland.''  Nga-2021, lenkantolo yakhipha sincumo ecaleni ''laFedotova and Others v. Russia'' lokwalandzela tehlulelo takamuva letiphatselene nalamanye emave langemalunga kutsi emave kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako luhlobo lolutsite lwekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo, nanobe kungasho kutsi bashade. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=216–228}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Union yaseYurophu ====
Ngenyanga yeNhlaba mhla tinge-5 Inhlaba 2018, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yakhipha sincumo, ecaleni laComan nalabanye v General Inspectorate of Immigration kanye neLitiko Letekhatsi, kutsi, ngaphansi kwemibandzela letsite yalaba labashadene lokukhulunywa ngayo, bantfu labashadile  bebulili lobufanako banemalungelo lafanako ekuhlala njengalamanye emave lashadile e-EU, ngisho nangabe emave lashadile e-EU angavumelani nekutsi. Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.   Noma kunjalo, lesijubo asizange sisebente eRomania, futsi mhla tinge-14 Inyoni 2021 iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesibita iKhomishini yaseYurophu kutsi icinisekise kutsi lesijubo siyahlonishwa kulo lonkhe le-EU.  

Ngenyanga yeLweti mhla tinge-25 2025, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yasungula kutsi onkhe Emave Lamalunga e-EU kumele avume imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako leyentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni kulamanye emave e-EU ngaletinye tinjongo, kwandzisa licala laComan.  Tinhlelo letibalulekile talesincumo nguleti:

* Langemalunga Emave  kudzingeka kutsi atsatse umshado lowentiwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kulelinye Live Lelilunga lapho khona lokungenani umlingani munye abe yisakhamuti se-EU asebentisa lilungelo lakhe lekuhamba ngekukhululeka nekuhlala.
* Loku kubonwa kuphocelekile ngenhloso yekusebentisa emalungelo laniketwa ngumtsetfo we-EU, njengekuhlala, tinzuzo temtselo, lifa, kanye nekuphepha kwetenhlalakahle.
* Uma ngabe Lilunga Lelive liniketa inchubo yekuvuma imishado yalamanye emave ngekubhalisa (sib., ePoland ligama lelitsi transcription, noma transkrypcja, lisetjentiswa kufaka umshado lowentiwe emaveni langaphandle ebhukwini lesive), kumele lisebentise leyo nchubo ngekulingana kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako. Angeke yala kubhalwa phansi kuphela ngoba umtsetfo wasekhaya awuvumeli umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.

Kepha lesincumo asidzingi kutsi Emave Lamalunga ente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngaphakatsi kwetinhlelo tawo temtsetfo tasekhaya Ligunyata kuphela kuvunywa kwemishado lephethwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kuletinye tindzawo e-EU. Lamave lalandzelako e-EU, lebekangavumi imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako ngaphambilini, atsintseka ngalokucondzile ngulesijubo:  iBulgaria, iCroatia, iCyprus, iCzechia, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iPoland, iRomania neSlovakia.

==== Inkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika ====
[[File:María_Alexandra_Chávez_y_Michelle_Pamela_Avilés_-_Primer_matrimonio_entre_dos_mujeres_en_Ecuador.jpg|right|thumb|Alexandra Chávez kanye naMichelle Avilés, bantfu bekucala labashada ngebulili lobufanako e-Ecuador]]
Mhlaka 8 Bhimbidvwane 2018, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika (IACHR) yakhipha umbono wekweluleka lotsi emave lasesigabeni seSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu saseMelika kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kungena kuto tonkhe tinhlelo temtsetfo tasekhaya letikhona tekubhalisa umndeni, lokufaka ekhatsi umshado, kanye nawo onkhe emalungelo lavela emshadweni. LeNkantolo yancoma kutsi bohulumende bakhiphe imitsetfo yesikhashana levumela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kute kube ngulapho sekuletfwe umtsetfo lomusha. Baphindze batsi akuvumelekile futsi kuyabandlulula kutsi kusungulwe umtsetfo lowehlukile (njengetinyunyana tesive) esikhundleni semshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.

== Lamanye emalungiselelo ==
=== Tinyunyana ===
[[File:New_York_City_Proposition_8_Protest_outside_LDS_temple_20.jpg|thumb|Bameli labanyenti, njengalombhikishi wa Lweti 2008 emkhosweni eNew York City lomelene neSiphakamiso 8 saseCalifornia, bayawulahla umcondvo wetinyunyana tesive, batichaza njengaletiphansi kunekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako. ]]

Civil union,civil partnership, kubambisana kwasekhaya, kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, kubambisana lokungabhalisiwe,kanye netimo tekuhlala ndzawonye letingabhalisiwe kuniketa tinzuzo letehlukahlukene temtsetfo temshado. Kusukela, emave lanendlela lenye yekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo ngaphandle kwemshado ezingeni lesive ngula: iBolivia, iCroatia, iCyprus, iRiphabhulikhi yaseCzech, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iMonaco, iMontenegro kanye neSan Marino.   Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. Ngetulu kwaloko, emagunya lehlukahlukene eCambodia, eJapan nasePhilippines aniketa bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako tinzuzo letehlukahlukene, letifaka ekhatsi emalungelo ekuvakashelwa esibhedlela kanye naletinye.

Ngetulu kwaloko, emave lalishumi nesiphohlongo lavunywe ngekwemtsetfo umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako nawo anendlela lenye yekuvunywa kwebantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako, levame kutfolakala kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobehlukile futsi: Argentina , Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador Luxeta iNetherlands, iPutukezi, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, i- United Kingdom kanye ne -Uruguay.    

Tiphindze titfolakale etincenyeni taseMelika ( Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Illinois, New Jersey, Nevada nase Oregon ) naseCanada.  

=== Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako longasiyo yebulili ===

==== Kenya ====
Umshado webantfu besifazane bebulili lobufanako wentiwa emkhatsini wema Gikuyu, ema Nandi, ema Kamba, ema Kipsigis, kanye nebantfu lababomakhelwane ngesilinganiso lesincane. Cishe 5-10% besifazane basemishadweni lenjalo. Nomakunjalo, loku akubonwa njengebutabane, kepha esikhundleni saloko kuyindlela yemindeni lete emadvodzana kutsi igcine lifa layo ngaphakatsi kwemndeni. 

==== Nigeria ====
{{KI|Recognition of same-sex unions in Nigeria}}Emkhatsini webantfu bema Igbo futsi mhlawumbe nalabanye bantfu labaseningizimu yalelive, kunetimo lapho khona umshado emkhatsini wabomake utsatfwa njengalofanele, njengalapho umfati angenamntfwana bese indvodza yakhe iyafa, bese utsatsa umfati kutsi achubeke nelifa lakhe kanye neluhlu lwemndeni.

== Inkholo kanye nemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ==
=== BuKhristu ===
[[File:Wedding_ceremony_of_Jason_Cianciotto_and_Courter_Simmons_-_01.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado wemadvodza lamabili logujwa ngumfundisi longumKhristu [[IMelika (live)|eMelika]].]]

Lamanye emasontfo emaKhristu lachubekako avumela emasontfo endzawo kutsi ancume kutsi abusise yini imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako.  Lamanye emanethiwekhi emhlaba wonkhe emasontfo lacinisekisako asekela tibusiso, njengeNhlangano Yekwemukela Nekucinisekisa EmaBaptist. Lisontfo lemaKatolika le-Ecumenical,  Lisontfo leMmango waseMetropolitan.  Inethiwekhi Yetinkonzo Tekubuyisana ( Methodist ).  kanye neNethiwekhi Yesivumelwano ( iPhentekhoste ). 

=== BuJuda ===
Tinhlangano letintsatfu letiyinhloko temaJuda letichubekako temhlaba wonkhe tamukele tincumo letisekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako: BuJuda bekwakha kabusha nga-2004,Umkhandlu Wemhlaba Wemasinagoge ( Masorti Judaism ) nga-2012, kanye neNhlangano Yemhlaba YebuJuda Lobuchubekako ( Reform Judaism ) nga-</text>
      <sha1>q5195jqrvyfv2tm53h6n1pbs3tfsxu0</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>43180</id>
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      <comment>Created by translating the section &quot;Studies&quot; from the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377047136|Same-sex marriage]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="43502" sha1="tieq9hcr2bld24rhw09q320nay0sud7" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Wedding_in_New_Orleans,_November_11,_2017.jpg|thumb|Emadvodza lamabili ashada, atungeletwe ngumcimbi wemshado, eNew Orleans, eMelika nga-11 Lweti 2017.]]
[[File:Same-sex-marriage-taiwan.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emkhatsini wabomake lababili eTaiwan.]]

== Emagama ==
=== Leminye imigomo ===
[[File:Wedding_cake_of_a_same_sex_marriage.JPG|thumb|Likhekhe lemshado webantfu labatsandzana ngebulili lobufanako]]
Labanye labasekela kutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako uvunywe ngalokusemtsetfweni njenge- Marriage Equality USA (leyasungulwa nga-1998), Inkhululeko Yekushada (leyasungulwa nga-2003), Bantfu BaseCanada Bebafuna Umshado Lolinganako, kanye neMshado Wabo Bonkhe BaseJapan basebentisa emagama latsi ''kulingana kwemshado'' kanye nekutsi ''umshado wabo ulinganise'' kubonwa ngesizatfu lesilinganako nemshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.       I- Associated Press incoma kutsi kusetjentiswe ''umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako'' kunemshado ''wetikokhoni''.   Lokunye lokuya elulwimini lolufaka ekhatsi kakhulu kube kushintja kusuka ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako kuya ''ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako'', futsi ngendlela lefanako ''nemshado webulili lobufanako'' kutsi ungavimbeli bantfu ngabanye ngekhatsi kwebudlelwane ngekutsi bakhetse bulili, njengobe bunjalo bebulili buyinhlobo futsi kuphawula kutsi emagama emlandvo akhipha emalunga e -LGBTQ noma e- transsexual. &lt;ref name=&quot;SageEncyclopedia&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last5=Abdullah|last2=Jahaan}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Kusetjentiswa kweligama lelitsi ''umshado.'' ===
Bososayensi bebantfu baye balwa kamatima kute batfole inchazelo yemshado letsatsa tintfo letifanako tekwakha kwetenhlalo emasikweni emhlabeni wonkhe. &lt;ref name=&quot;Fedorak&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|edition=Ch. 11; p. 174}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=23–34}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tincazelo letinyenti letiphakanyisiwe tigcekwe ngekwehluleka kubona kuba khona kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kulamanye emasiko, kufaka ekhatsi lawo ebantfu base-Afrika labangetulu kwa - 30, njengema Kikuyu nemaNuer. &lt;ref name=&quot;Gough&quot; /&gt;  &lt;ref name=&quot;Kikuyu&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=1–23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Njengobe emave lamanyenti abuyeketa imitsetfo yawo yemshado kute abone bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako ngelikhulu lemashumi lamabili nakunye,tonkhe tichazamagama letinkhulu tesiNgisi tibuyekete inchazelo yato yeligama lelitsi umshado kute tiyekele kucaciswa kwebulili nobe tifake tinchazelo tesibili kute tifake ekhatsi lulwimi lolungatsatsi luhlangotsi ngebulili nobe lulwimi lolucacile.   ''Sichazamagama sesiNgisi sase-Oxford'' sesivume umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kusukela nga-2000. 

Labaphikisa umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako labafuna kutsi umshado ube ngumshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, njenge Lisontfo laJesu Khristu Lebangcwele Bemalanga Ekugcina, Lisontfo LemaKatolika, kanye neSouthern Baptist Convention, basebentisa ligama lelitsi ''umshado wesintfu'' kusho umshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.

== Umlandvo ==
=== Yasendvulo ===
Incwadzi yaLevithikhusi beyivimbela kutsandzana nebantfu bebulili lobufanako, futsi emaHebheru icwayiswa kutsi &quot;angalandzeli tento telive laseGibhithe noma tento telive laseKhenani&quot; (Lev. 18:22, 20:13). Kukhulunywa ngemshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kuvela etincwadzini ta Rabbinic letibitwa ngekutsi Sifra, letabhalwa emkhatsini wa-200 kuya ku-300 CE. Le Sifra icacisa loko lekubita ngetento letingacacile, nekutsi bekufaka ekhatsi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako: &quot;Indvodza beyitawushada nendvodza nemfati, umfati, indvodza beyitawushada nemfati nendvodzakati yakhe, bese umfati bekatawushada nemadvodza lamabili.&quot; 

Tati letimbalwa tikholelwa kutsi ekucaleni kweMbuso waseRoma labanye bantfu labadvuna labashadene bebagubha imikhosi yemshado yesintfu embikwebangani. Imishado yemadvodza - emadvodza ibikwa yimitfombo lebahlekisako; imiva yalabahlanganyeli ayibhalwa phansi.  Imithombo leyehlukahlukene yasendvulo itsi umbusi Nero bekagubha imishado lemibili yemmango nemadvodza, wake watsatsa indzima yamakoti (nemuntfu lokhululekile Pythagoras), futsi wake waba ngumkhwenyana (ne Sporus); kungenteka kutsi bekunesitsatfu lapho abengumakoti khona.  Ekucaleni kwelikhulu lesitsatfu AD,umbusi Elagabalus kubikwa kutsi bekangumakoti emshadweni wemlingani wakhe lomdvuna. Lamanye emadvodza lavutsiwe esigodlweni sakhe bekanemadvodza, noma atsi anemadvodza alingisa umbusi.  Umtsetfo wemaRoma bewungavumi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna, kepha lesinye sizatfu sekungavumelani lokuvetwe ku Juvenal's satire kutsi kugubha emasiko bekutawuholela ekulindzeleni kutsi imishado lenjalo ibhaliswe ngalokusemtsetfweni.  Nje ngoba lombuso bewucala kuba ngemaKhristu ngelikhulu lesi-4,kwacala kuvela imitsetfo levimbela umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot; /&gt;

Ngelikhulu lesi-17 eChina, umbhali Li Yu kanye nesazi-sikhulu Shen Defu babhala ngeluhlelo lwemishado yemadvodza esigodzini saseFujian. Lendvodza lendzala kulenyunyana beyitawudlala indzima yebudvodza njenge qixiong noma &quot;umnakabo lomdzala lokhulisako&quot;, akhokhe &quot; intsengo yemakoti &quot; emndenini wendvodza lencane bekutsiwa tintfombi tilandza intsengo lephakeme lowaba yi qidi, noma &quot;umnakabo lomncane lokhulisako&quot;. Li Yu wachaza lomkhosi, &quot;Abaweci tinkomishi letintsatfu tetiye noma imikhosi lesitfupha yemshado- kufana nje nemshado lofanele ngemshado lohlelekile.&quot; 

=== Sikhatsi sinye ===
[[File:NewlyMarriedCoupleAtCourthouse.jpg|thumb|Labashadile eMinnesota ngemuva nje kwekutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni eMelika, 2015.]]
Michael McConnell na Jack Baker   ngulabashadile bekucala bebulili lobufanako emlandvweni wesimanje lobhalwe phansi  lowatiwa ngekutfola lilayisensi lemshado,  babe nemshado wabo lohloniphekile, lowenteka nga 3 INyoni 1971, eMinnesota,  futsi babe nawo lovunywe ngunobe ngumuphi hulumende lovunywe ngumtsetfo.   Tati temlandvo ngetindlela letehlukene tilandzela sicalo semnyakato wesimanje wekusekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma ngukuphi kusuka ngabo 1980 kuya ku 1990. Ngesikhatsi seminyaka yabo-1980 eMelika, lubhubhane lwengculazi lwaholela ekutsi bantfu banake kakhulu tincenye temtsetfo tebudlelwane bebantfu bebulili lobufanako.  Andrew Sullivan wenta licala lekucala lemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako encwadzini lenkhulu yaseMelika nga-1989,  leyashicilelwa ku- ''The New Republic''. 

Nga 1989, iDenmark yaba live lekucala lekuvuma ngalokusemtsetfweni budlelwane bebantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako, yasungula kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, lokunikete labo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako &quot;emalungelo lamanyenti ebantfu labashadile, kepha hhayi lilungelo lekutsatsa noma kutfola umntfwana ngekuhlanganyela&quot;.  Nga-2001, Netherlands laba live lekucala lekwandzisa imitsetfo yemshado kute ifake ekhatsi bantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako.   Kusukela ngaleso sikhatsi, umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sewusungulwe ngumtsetfo kulamanye emave langu-38, lokufaka ekhatsi emave lamanyenti aseMelika naseNshonalanga Yurophu. Nomakunjalo kusakateka kwayo bekungalingani iNingizimu Afrika ngiyo kuphela live eAfrika lelitsatse lesinyatselo; I-Taiwan ne -Thailand ngito kuphela letiseNingizimu kuya eMpumalanga ye-Asia.  

Kusukela nga 2026,iBermuda nguyona indzawo yekucala futsi nguyona kuphela emhlabeni wonkhe leyenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi lapho khona loko kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sekucinywe khona.

== Umugca wesikhatsi ==
Lelithebula lesifinyeto lelingentasi libala emagunya lawente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni,ngekulandzelana kwetikhatsi. Kusukela nga-2025,emave langu-38 abe semtsetfweni ngendlela letsite. 

Emalanga ngulapho imishado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako yacala kucinisekiswa ngalokusemtsetfweni,noma lapho khona imitsetfo yendzawo yaphasiswa uma imishado beyingakavumeleki ngaphansi kweligunya leliphakeme.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!2001
|{{flagicon|Netherlands}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]''' (1 April)
|-
!2002
|
|-
!2003
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Belgium}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Belgium|Belgium]]''' (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Ontario|Ontario]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in British Columbia|British Columbia]] (8 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2004
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quebec|Quebec]] (19 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] (17 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yukon|Yukon]] (14 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Manitoba|Manitoba]] (16 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nova Scotia|Nova Scotia]] (24 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland and Labrador]] (21 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2005
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Brunswick|New Brunswick]] (23 June)
* {{flagicon|Spain}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Spain|Spain]]''' (3 July)
* {{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Canada|Canada]]''' [nationwide] (20 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2006
|{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in South Africa|South Africa]]''' (30 November)
|-
!2007
|
|-
!
|{{flatlist}}
*[[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (June 16, repealed November 5)
*[[Same-sex marriage in Connecticut|Connecticut]] (12 November)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2009
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Norway|Norway]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Iowa|Iowa]] (27 April)
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Sweden|Sweden]]''' (1 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Coquille Indian Tribe|Coquille Indian Tribe]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Vermont|Vermont]] (1 September)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2010
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the District of Columbia|District of Columbia]] (3 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico City|Mexican Federal District]] (4 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation|Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation]] (29 April)
* {{flagicon|Portugal}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Portugal|Portugal]]''' (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Iceland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Iceland|Iceland]]''' (27 June)
* {{flagicon|Argentina}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Argentina|Argentina]]''' (22 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2011
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in New York|New York]] (24 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Suquamish Tribe|Suquamish Tribe]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alagoas|Alagoas]] (7 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2012
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Quintana Roo|Quintana Roo]] (3 May)
* {{flagicon|Denmark}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|Denmark]]''' (15 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Sergipe]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais]] (11 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Espírito Santo]] (15 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba|Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Bahia]] (26 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Brazilian Federal District]] (1 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Washington state|Washington]] (6 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe|Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Piauí]] (15 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maine|Maine]] (29 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2013
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Maryland|Maryland]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|São Paulo]] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Ceará]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians|Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians]] (15 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraná]] (26 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Mato Grosso do Sul]] (2 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Rondônia]] (26 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Santa Catarina|Santa Catarina]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraíba]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians|Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians]] (8 May)
* {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Brazil]]''' [nationwide] (16 May)
* {{flagicon|France}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in France|France]]''' (18 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel|Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel]] (24 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (28 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Delaware|Delaware]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Minnesota|Minnesota]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] (1 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Portage Band of Chippewa|Grand Portage Band of Chippewa]] (1 August)
* {{flagicon|Uruguay}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Uruguay|Uruguay]]''' (5 August)
* {{flagicon|New Zealand}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in New Zealand|New Zealand]]''' (19 August)
* [[Doña Ana County, New Mexico]] (21 August)
* [[Santa Fe County, New Mexico]] (23 August)
* [[Bernalillo County, New Mexico]] (26 August)
* [[San Miguel County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Valencia County, New Mexico]] (27 August)
* [[Taos County, New Mexico]] (28 August)
* [[Los Alamos County, New Mexico]] (4 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation|Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation]] (5 September)
* [[Grant County, New Mexico]] (9 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes|Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes]] (18 October&lt;!--3rd license since repeal of DOMA, first public marriage--&gt;)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Jersey|New Jersey]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blue Lake Rancheria|Blue Lake Rancheria]] (1 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe|Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe]] (15 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hawaii|Hawaii]] (2 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in New Mexico|New Mexico]] [statewide] (19 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (20 December, repealed 6 January 2014)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2014
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois#Lawsuits|Cook County, Illinois]] (21 February)
* {{flagicon|England}} {{flagicon|Wales}} [[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|England and Wales]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] (13 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oregon|Oregon]] (19 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois|Illinois]] [statewide] (1 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Akrotiri and Dhekelia|Akrotiri and Dhekelia]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory|British Indian Ocean Territory]] (3 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Puyallup Tribe of Indians|Puyallup Tribe of Indians]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (16 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians|Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians]] (10 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Coahuila|Coahuila]] (17 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oklahoma|Oklahoma]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Virginia|Virginia]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Indiana|Indiana]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wisconsin|Wisconsin]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (6 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colorado|Colorado]] (7 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in West Virginia|West Virginia]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nevada|Nevada]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes|Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes]] (9 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in North Carolina|North Carolina]] (10 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Alaska|Alaska]] (12 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Idaho|Idaho]] (15 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Arizona|Arizona]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation|Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pascua Yaqui Tribe|Pascua Yaqui Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community|Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#San Carlos Apache Tribe|San Carlos Apache Tribe]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Yavapai-Apache Nation|Yavapai-Apache Nation]] (17 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Wyoming|Wyoming]] (21 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis, Missouri]] (5 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis County, Missouri]] (6 November)
* [[Lawson v. Kelly|Jackson County, Missouri]] (7 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Douglas County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Sedgwick County, Kansas]] (12 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Eastern Shoshone Tribe|Eastern Shoshone Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Northern Arapaho Tribe|Northern Arapaho Tribe]] (14 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Montana|Montana]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blackfeet Nation|Blackfeet Nation]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in South Carolina|South Carolina]] (20 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Keweenaw Bay Indian Community|Keweenaw Bay Indian Community]] (13 December)
* {{flagicon|Scotland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Scotland|Scotland]] (16 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2015
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Luxembourg}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]''' (1 January)
* [[Pareto v. Ruvin|Miami-Dade County, Florida]] (5 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Florida|Florida]] [statewide] (6 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska|Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska]] (24 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Pitcairn Islands|Pitcairn Islands]] (14 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians|Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians]] (15 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guam|Guam]] (9 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin|Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin]] (10 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chihuahua|Chihuahua]] (12 June)
* {{flagicon|United States}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United States|United States]]''' [nationwide] (26 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Northern Mariana Islands|Northern Mariana Islands]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians|Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians]] (7 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the United States Virgin Islands|United States Virgin Islands]] (9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico]] (13 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro]] (21 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Hannahville Indian Community|Hannahville Indian Community]] (3 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#White Mountain Apache Tribe|White Mountain Apache Tribe]] (9 September)
* {{flagicon|Ireland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]''' (16 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon|Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon]] (18 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nayarit|Nayarit]] (23 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2016
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians|Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians]] (2 February)
* {{flagicon|Greenland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Greenland|Greenland]] (1 April)
* {{flagicon|Colombia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Colombia|Colombia]]''' (28 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Tulalip Tribes of Washington|Tulalip Tribes of Washington]] (6 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jalisco|Jalisco]] [statewide] (12 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Campeche|Campeche]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Colima|Colima]] (12 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Michoacán|Michoacán]] (23 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Morelos|Morelos]] (5 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Isle of Man|Isle of Man]] (22 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Puebla|San Pedro Cholula, Puebla]] (18 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the British Antarctic Territory|British Antarctic Territory]] (13 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin|Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin]] (3 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cherokee Nation|Cherokee Nation]] (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Gibraltar|Gibraltar]] (15 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2017
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Ascension Island|Ascension Island]] (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Amealco de Bonfil, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Cadereyta de Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Ezequiel Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Huimilpan, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|San Joaquín, Querétaro]] (4 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Tolimán, Querétaro]] (4 January)
&lt;!-- *** Please check discussion on talk page before adding Slovenia! *** --&gt;
* {{flagicon|Finland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Finland|Finland]]''' (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Osage Nation|Osage Nation]] (20 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Prairie Island Indian Community|Prairie Island Indian Community]] (22 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the Falkland Islands|Falkland Islands]] (29 April)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Guernsey]] (2 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (5 May, repealed 1 June 2018)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin|Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin]] (5 June)
* {{flagicon|Faroe Islands}} [[Same-sex marriage in the Faroe Islands|Faroe Islands]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Tristan da Cunha|Tristan da Cunha]] (4 August)
* {{flagicon|Malta}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Malta|Malta]]''' (1 September)
* {{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Germany|Germany]]''' (1 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ak-Chin Indian Community|Ak-Chin Indian Community]] (25 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California|Baja California]] (3 November)
* {{flagicon|Australia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Australia|Australia]]''' (9 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Saint Helena|Saint Helena]] (20 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2018
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Puebla|Puebla]] [statewide] (16 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Chiapas|Chiapas]] (11 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Alderney]] (14 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Jersey|Jersey]] (1 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Oaxaca|Oaxaca]] (26 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ponca Tribe of Nebraska|Ponca Tribe of Nebraska]] (27 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (23 November, repealed 14 March 2022)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2019
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Austria}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Austria|Austria]]''' (1 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas, Zacatecas]] (14 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Cuauhtémoc, Zacatecas]] (1 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Villanueva, Zacatecas]] (20 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]] (21 May)
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Taiwan|Taiwan]]''' (24 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Nuevo León|Nuevo León]] (31 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Hidalgo|Hidalgo]] (11 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California Sur|Baja California Sur]] (29 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Miguel Auza, Zacatecas]] (by 5 July)
* {{flagicon|Ecuador}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Ecuador|Ecuador]]''' (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oglala Sioux Tribe|Oglala Sioux Tribe]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Bay Mills Indian Community|Bay Mills Indian Community]] (8 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Colorado River Indian Tribes|Colorado River Indian Tribes]] (8 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Aguascalientes|Aguascalientes]] (16 August)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2020
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]] [final jurisdiction in the {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]'''] (13 January)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Sark]] (23 April)
* {{flagicon|Costa Rica}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]''' (26 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Fresnillo, Zacatecas]] (3 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota|Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians]] (6 August)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tlaxcala|Tlaxcala]] (25 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2021
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sinaloa|Sinaloa]] (30 June)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Sonora|Sonora]] (22 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Querétaro|Querétaro]] [statewide] (13 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guanajuato|Guanajuato]] (20 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas]] [statewide] (30 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2022
|{{flatlist}}
* [[Same-sex marriage in Yucatán|Yucatán]] (4 March)
* {{flagicon|Chile}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Chile|Chile]]''' (10 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska|Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska]] (11 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Chickasaw Nation|Chickasaw Nation]] (18 April) 
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians|Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians]] (25 May)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Veracruz|Veracruz]] (13 June)
* {{flagicon|Switzerland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Switzerland|Switzerland]]''' (1 July)
* {{flagicon|Slovenia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Slovenia|Slovenia]]''' (8 or 9 July)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Durango|Durango]] (19 September)
* {{flagicon|Cuba}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Cuba|Cuba]]''' (27 September)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tabasco|Tabasco]] (27 October)
* [[Same-sex marriage in the State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] (2 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Tamaulipas|Tamaulipas]] (19 November)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe|Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe]] (21 December)
* [[Same-sex marriage in Guerrero|Guerrero]] [statewide; final jurisdiction in {{flagicon|Mexico}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Mexico|Mexico]]'''] (31 December)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2023
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Andorra}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Andorra|Andorra]]''' (17 February)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi|Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi]] (16 March)
* [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Choctaw Nation|Choctaw Nation]] (23 May)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2024
|{{flatlist}}
* {{flagicon|Estonia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Estonia|Estonia]]''' (1 January)
* {{flagicon|Greece}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Greece|Greece]]''' (16 February)
* {{flagicon|Aruba}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Aruba]] (12 July)
* {{flagicon|Curacao}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Curaçao]] (12 July)
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2025
|{{flatlist}}
* '''{{flagicon|Liechtenstein}} [[Same-sex marriage in Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein]] '''(1 January)
*{{Flagicon|Thailand}} '''[[Recognition of same-sex unions in Thailand|Thailand]]''' (23 January) 
{{endflatlist}}
|-
!2026
|{{flatlist}}
{{endflatlist}}
|}

== Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe ==
Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako wentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi uyavunywa emaveni langu-38: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, France, Greece, Estonia. I-Iceland, i-Ireland, i-Liechtenstein, i-Luxembourg, i- Malta,  Mexico,  Netherlands,  New Zealand, i-Norway, i-Portugal, i-Slovenia, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, iSweden, iSwitzerland, iTaiwan, iThailand,  - United States ]  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. 

[[File:World_marriage-equality_laws.svg|center|thumb|
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Legend/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{legend|#025|Marriage open to same-sex couples}}
{{legend|#90C|Same-sex marriage recognized with full rights when performed remotely or abroad}}
{{legend|#71C837|Legislation or binding domestic court ruling establishing same-sex marriage, but marriage is not yet provided for}}
{{legend|#06F|Civil unions or domestic partnerships}}
{{legend|#9CF|Unregistered cohabitation or legal guardianship}}
{{legend striped|#9CF|#EEE|Nonbinding certification|up=yes}}
{{legend|#CAF|Limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions (residency rights for spouses)}}
{{legend|#C6E9AF|Country subject to an international court ruling for limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions}}
{{legend|#EEE|No legal recognition of same-sex unions}}
]]

Inkantolo yemtsetfosisekelo yaseBolivia yaniketa bantfu labashadile lilungelo lelisemtsetfweni lekushada kulelo live, kodvwa leyo ndlela ayitfolakali ngalokuvamile.  Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako umgunyatwe yiNkantolo Lephakeme yaseNepal, kodvwa imishado ibhalwa ebhukwini lelehlukile futsi ayivunywa nguhulumende.  

Kucatshangelwa tinyunyana tesive ePhilippines  nasePoland.  

Ngenyanga yeNdlovulenkhulu mhla tinge-12 2015, iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesingabophi lesikhutsata tikhungo te-EU kanye nemave langemalunga kutsi &quot;[acabangisise] ngekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma inyunyana yebantfu bebulili lobufanako njenge tindzaba tepolitiki, yetenhlalo kanye neyebantfu kanye nemalungelo ebantfu&quot;.  

Ngekuphendvula kusakateka kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe,emave lamanyenti abeke umtsetfosisekelo lovimbelako, lapho khona losandza kwenteka bekuyiGabon nga-2024. Kulamanye emave, leyo mikhawulo kanye nemikhawulo yentiwa ngemtsetfo. Ngisho nangaphambi kwekutsi kucale kubekwe umtsetfo wemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, lamanye emave bekanemitsetfosisekelo lebeyicacisa kutsi umshado bewusemkhatsini wendvodza nemfati.

[[File:Constitutional_bans_on_same-sex_unions_by_country.svg|center|thumb|
{{legend|#D40000|Same-sex marriage [[Same-sex union legislation#Bans|banned]] by secular constitution}}
{{legend|#800000|Same-sex marriage banned by constitutionally mandated religious law}}
{{legend|#CCCCCC|No constitutional ban}}
]]

=== Tincumo tenkantolo lavelonkhe ===

==== INkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu ====
Nga-2010, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu (ECHR) yakhipha sincumo ecaleni lelitsi ''Schalk naKopf v Austria,'' lebelifaka ekhatsi bantfu labashadene base-Austria lababulili lobufanako labancishwa lilungelo lekushada.  Inkantolo itfole,ngekuvota kwa-4 kuya ku-3, kutsi emalungelo abo ebantfu akazange aphulwe.  Inkantolo iphindze yatsi tinyunyana tebantfu bebulili lobufanako ativikeleki ngaphasi kwe-art.12 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekushada&quot;), lelivikela kuphela lilungelo lekushada lebantfu labashadile bebulili lobehlukile (kungakhatsaleki kutsi bulili balaba labashadene bungumphumela wekutalwa noma wekushintja kwebulili), kepha bavikelekile ngaphasi kwe-art. 8 we-ECHR (&quot;Lilungelo lekuhlonipha imphilo yangasese neyemndeni&quot;) kanye nebuciko. 14 (&quot;Kuvinjelwa kwekubandlululwa&quot;). 

I-Athikili 12 yeSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu itsi: &quot;Emadvodza nebafati labaseminyakeni yekushada banelungelo lekushada nekusungula umndeni, ngekuya kwemitsetfo yavelonkhe lecondzisa kusetjentiswa kwalelilungelo&quot;,  hhayi umkhawulo wemshado kulabo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobehlukile. Kepha, i-ECHR yatsi ku ''Schalk na Kopf v Austria'' kutsi loluhlelo beluhloselwe kukhawulela umshado ebudlelwaneni bebantfu bebulili lobehlukile, njengoba belusebentisa ligama lelitsi &quot;emadvodza nebafati&quot; esikhundleni sekutsi &quot;wonkhe umuntfu&quot;.  Noma kunjalo, inkantolo yemukele futsi icabanga ngemacala laphatselene nekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, sibonelo ''Andersen v Poland.''  Nga-2021, lenkantolo yakhipha sincumo ecaleni ''laFedotova and Others v. Russia'' lokwalandzela tehlulelo takamuva letiphatselene nalamanye emave langemalunga kutsi emave kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako luhlobo lolutsite lwekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo, nanobe kungasho kutsi bashade. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=216–228}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Union yaseYurophu ====
Ngenyanga yeNhlaba mhla tinge-5 Inhlaba 2018, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yakhipha sincumo, ecaleni laComan nalabanye v General Inspectorate of Immigration kanye neLitiko Letekhatsi, kutsi, ngaphansi kwemibandzela letsite yalaba labashadene lokukhulunywa ngayo, bantfu labashadile  bebulili lobufanako banemalungelo lafanako ekuhlala njengalamanye emave lashadile e-EU, ngisho nangabe emave lashadile e-EU angavumelani nekutsi. Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.   Noma kunjalo, lesijubo asizange sisebente eRomania, futsi mhla tinge-14 Inyoni 2021 iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesibita iKhomishini yaseYurophu kutsi icinisekise kutsi lesijubo siyahlonishwa kulo lonkhe le-EU.  

Ngenyanga yeLweti mhla tinge-25 2025, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yasungula kutsi onkhe Emave Lamalunga e-EU kumele avume imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako leyentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni kulamanye emave e-EU ngaletinye tinjongo, kwandzisa licala laComan.  Tinhlelo letibalulekile talesincumo nguleti:

* Langemalunga Emave  kudzingeka kutsi atsatse umshado lowentiwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kulelinye Live Lelilunga lapho khona lokungenani umlingani munye abe yisakhamuti se-EU asebentisa lilungelo lakhe lekuhamba ngekukhululeka nekuhlala.
* Loku kubonwa kuphocelekile ngenhloso yekusebentisa emalungelo laniketwa ngumtsetfo we-EU, njengekuhlala, tinzuzo temtselo, lifa, kanye nekuphepha kwetenhlalakahle.
* Uma ngabe Lilunga Lelive liniketa inchubo yekuvuma imishado yalamanye emave ngekubhalisa (sib., ePoland ligama lelitsi transcription, noma transkrypcja, lisetjentiswa kufaka umshado lowentiwe emaveni langaphandle ebhukwini lesive), kumele lisebentise leyo nchubo ngekulingana kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako. Angeke yala kubhalwa phansi kuphela ngoba umtsetfo wasekhaya awuvumeli umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.

Kepha lesincumo asidzingi kutsi Emave Lamalunga ente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngaphakatsi kwetinhlelo tawo temtsetfo tasekhaya Ligunyata kuphela kuvunywa kwemishado lephethwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kuletinye tindzawo e-EU. Lamave lalandzelako e-EU, lebekangavumi imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako ngaphambilini, atsintseka ngalokucondzile ngulesijubo:  iBulgaria, iCroatia, iCyprus, iCzechia, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iPoland, iRomania neSlovakia.

==== Inkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika ====
[[File:María_Alexandra_Chávez_y_Michelle_Pamela_Avilés_-_Primer_matrimonio_entre_dos_mujeres_en_Ecuador.jpg|right|thumb|Alexandra Chávez kanye naMichelle Avilés, bantfu bekucala labashada ngebulili lobufanako e-Ecuador]]
Mhlaka 8 Bhimbidvwane 2018, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika (IACHR) yakhipha umbono wekweluleka lotsi emave lasesigabeni seSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu saseMelika kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kungena kuto tonkhe tinhlelo temtsetfo tasekhaya letikhona tekubhalisa umndeni, lokufaka ekhatsi umshado, kanye nawo onkhe emalungelo lavela emshadweni. LeNkantolo yancoma kutsi bohulumende bakhiphe imitsetfo yesikhashana levumela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kute kube ngulapho sekuletfwe umtsetfo lomusha. Baphindze batsi akuvumelekile futsi kuyabandlulula kutsi kusungulwe umtsetfo lowehlukile (njengetinyunyana tesive) esikhundleni semshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako.

== Lamanye emalungiselelo ==
=== Tinyunyana ===
[[File:New_York_City_Proposition_8_Protest_outside_LDS_temple_20.jpg|thumb|Bameli labanyenti, njengalombhikishi wa Lweti 2008 emkhosweni eNew York City lomelene neSiphakamiso 8 saseCalifornia, bayawulahla umcondvo wetinyunyana tesive, batichaza njengaletiphansi kunekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako. ]]

Civil union,civil partnership, kubambisana kwasekhaya, kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, kubambisana lokungabhalisiwe,kanye netimo tekuhlala ndzawonye letingabhalisiwe kuniketa tinzuzo letehlukahlukene temtsetfo temshado. Kusukela, emave lanendlela lenye yekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo ngaphandle kwemshado ezingeni lesive ngula: iBolivia, iCroatia, iCyprus, iRiphabhulikhi yaseCzech, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iMonaco, iMontenegro kanye neSan Marino.   Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. Ngetulu kwaloko, emagunya lehlukahlukene eCambodia, eJapan nasePhilippines aniketa bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako tinzuzo letehlukahlukene, letifaka ekhatsi emalungelo ekuvakashelwa esibhedlela kanye naletinye.

Ngetulu kwaloko, emave lalishumi nesiphohlongo lavunywe ngekwemtsetfo umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako nawo anendlela lenye yekuvunywa kwebantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako, levame kutfolakala kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobehlukile futsi: Argentina , Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador Luxeta iNetherlands, iPutukezi, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, i- United Kingdom kanye ne -Uruguay.    

Tiphindze titfolakale etincenyeni taseMelika ( Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Illinois, New Jersey, Nevada nase Oregon ) naseCanada.  

=== Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako longasiyo yebulili ===

==== Kenya ====
Umshado webantfu besifazane bebulili lobufanako wentiwa emkhatsini wema Gikuyu, ema Nandi, ema Kamba, ema Kipsigis, kanye nebantfu lababomakhelwane ngesilinganiso lesincane. Cishe 5-10% besifazane basemishadweni lenjalo. Nomakunjalo, loku akubonwa njengebutabane, kepha esikhundleni saloko kuyindlela yemindeni lete emadvodzana kutsi igcine lifa layo ngaphakatsi kwemndeni. 

==== Nigeria ====
{{KI|Recognition of same-sex unions in Nigeria}}Emkhatsini webantfu bema Igbo futsi mhlawumbe nalabanye bantfu labaseningizimu yalelive, kunetimo lapho khona umshado emkhatsini wabomake utsatfwa njengalofanele, njengalapho umfati angenamntfwana bese indvodza yakhe iyafa, bese utsatsa umfati kutsi achubeke nelifa lakhe kanye neluhlu lwemndeni.

== Inkholo kanye nemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ==
=== BuKhristu ===
[[File:Wedding_ceremony_of_Jason_Cianciotto_and_Courter_Simmons_-_01.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado wemadvodza lamabili logujwa ngumfundisi longumKhristu [[IMelika (live)|eMelika]].]]

Lamanye emasontfo emaKhristu lachubekako avumela emasontfo endzawo kutsi ancume kutsi abusise yini imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako.  Lamanye emanethiwekhi emhlaba wonkhe emasontfo lacinisekisako asekela tibusiso, njengeNhlangano Yekwemukela Nekucinisekisa EmaBaptist. Lisontfo lemaKatolika le-Ecumenical,  Lisontfo leMmango waseMetropolitan.  Inethiwekhi Yetinkonzo Tekubuyisana ( Methodist ).  kanye neNethiwekhi Yesivumelwano ( iPhentekhoste ). 

=== BuJuda ===
Tinhlangano letintsatfu letiyinhloko temaJuda letichubekako temhlaba wonkhe tamukele tincumo letisekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako: BuJuda bekwakha kabusha nga-2004,Umkhandlu Wemhlaba Wemasinagoge ( Masorti Judaism ) nga-2012, kanye neNhlangano Yemhlaba YebuJuda Lobuchubekako ( Reform Judaism ) nga-

== Tifundvo ==
Inhlangano yebantfu baseMelika ngeti 26 Indlovana 2004:

Lokutfolwe lucwaningo kusukela nga-1998 kuya ku-2015 eNyuvesi yaseVirginia, eNyuvesi yaseMichigan State, eNyuvesi yaseFlorida, eNyuvesi yase-Amsterdam, eNyuvesi yaseNew York State Psychiatric, eNyuvesi yaseStanford, eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-San Francisco, eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Los Angeles, eNyuvesi yaseTufts, eNyuvesi yaseBoston kanye neSikhungo Setekwelapha saseBoston, i-Commit bacwaningi labatimele nabo basekela lokutfolwe kulolucwaningo.  

Imiphumela jikelele yetenhlalakahle netemnotfo kanye netemphilo yekufinyelela ngekwemtsetfo emshadweni webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe ifingqiwe nguBadgett kanye nebabhali labambisene naye. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|journal=266–294}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lokubuyeketwa kutfole kutsi bantfu labancane ngekwelicasi batsatsa umshado losemtsetfweni ngesikhatsi utfolakala kubo (kepha ngemazinga laphansi kunalabo labashadene ngebulili lobehlukene). Esikhundleni saloko kute bufakazi bekutsi kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni kwatsintsa imishado yebantfu bebulili lobehlukene. Ngaseluhlangotsi lwetemphilo, kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni kwakhulisa umshwalensi wetemphilo webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako (e-US),kwaholela ekwenteni ncono imphilo yekuya ecasini emkhatsini wemadvodza lalalana nemadvodza, kantsi kunebufakazi lobuhlangene ngemiphumela yemphilo lengokwengcondvo emkhatsini webantfu labancane ngekwelicasi. Ngetulu kwaloko, lolucwaningo lutfole bufakazi lobuhlangene ngemiphumela leyehlukene yetenhlalakahle lesehlako njengesimo sengcondvo sebantfu be-LGBTQ+ kanye nekukhetsa umsebenti webantfu labancane ngekwelicasi.

=== IMPHILO ===</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6980</id>
    <revision>
      <id>43181</id>
      <parentid>43176</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T18:00:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ZS Khumalo</username>
        <id>9375</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo */</comment>
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      <text bytes="2139" sha1="4ki0qr3op5c6w7kprugq1s4ka565end" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onke emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.
==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>43182</id>
      <parentid>43181</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-28T18:19:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ZS Khumalo</username>
        <id>9375</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo */</comment>
      <origin>43182</origin>
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      <text bytes="4309" sha1="0jargikqlsdcc1sfa9v8vjyzy6bgcct" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onke emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.
==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
      <sha1>0jargikqlsdcc1sfa9v8vjyzy6bgcct</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>43183</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>ZS Khumalo</username>
        <id>9375</id>
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      <text bytes="4335" sha1="0x5ppnnxizcrpeex1yt5es2s5rplhyz" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onke emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.
==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Tinkhomba==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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      <text bytes="4337" sha1="j77um7ypfv8v1tlaxvac29bdhd8y7wv" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onkhe emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.

==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Tinkhomba==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>j77um7ypfv8v1tlaxvac29bdhd8y7wv</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>43185</id>
      <parentid>43184</parentid>
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        <id>9375</id>
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      <text bytes="4361" sha1="6d6ewz6diwgemodmwu0e98si3n8c8th" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onkhe emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.

==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Sigungu lesiphetse==

==Tinkhomba==
{{Reflist}}</text>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="4467" sha1="5s20tnixsopbrr5f53dciia3iibc3jd" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onkhe emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.

==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Sigungu lesiphetse==
[[File:Uniegebou.jpg|thumb|Tindlu teNyunyana, lapho kukhona khona ligatja leliphetse lahulumende welive]]

==Tinkhomba==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>5s20tnixsopbrr5f53dciia3iibc3jd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>43187</id>
      <parentid>43186</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-29T03:40:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ZS Khumalo</username>
        <id>9375</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Sigungu lesiphetse */</comment>
      <origin>43187</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4746" sha1="5ds4odonkefmt9cze87zkwxq5ypq7s9" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onkhe emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.

==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Sigungu lesiphetse==
[[File:Uniegebou.jpg|thumb|Tindlu teNyunyana, lapho kukhona khona ligatja leliphetse lahulumende welive]]
[[Mengameli Welive leNingizimu Afrika|Mengameli]], Lisekela Mengameli Lelive laseNingizimu Afrika|Lisekela laMengameli]] kanye netindvuna letiphetse ematiko ase[[Ningizimu Afrika bakha ligatja lahulumende lophetse sive. Mengameli ukhetfwa yiPhalamende emkhatsini kwemalunga alo.

==Tinkhomba==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>5ds4odonkefmt9cze87zkwxq5ypq7s9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>43188</id>
      <parentid>43187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-29T03:41:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ZS Khumalo</username>
        <id>9375</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Sigungu lesiphetse */</comment>
      <origin>43188</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4744" sha1="h0qw2cj72xzg3hs323xky8pc4wb3uuy" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onkhe emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.

==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Sigungu lesiphetse==
[[File:Uniegebou.jpg|thumb|Tindlu teNyunyana, lapho kukhona khona ligatja leliphetse lahulumende welive]]
[[Mengameli Welive leNingizimu Afrika|Mengameli]], [[Lisekela Mengameli Lelive laseNingizimu Afrika|Lisekela]] lakhe kanye netindvuna letiphetse ematiko ase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] bakha ligatja lahulumende lophetse sive. Mengameli ukhetfwa yiPhalamende emkhatsini kwemalunga alo.

==Tinkhomba==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>h0qw2cj72xzg3hs323xky8pc4wb3uuy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>43189</id>
      <parentid>43188</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-29T03:44:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ZS Khumalo</username>
        <id>9375</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Sigungu lesiphetse */</comment>
      <origin>43189</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4759" sha1="q8qxzxdc6ekyuttsyhhi7pzrbwtdpfw" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onkhe emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.

==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Sigungu lesiphetse==
[[File:Uniegebou.jpg|thumb|Tindlu teNyunyana, lapho kukhona khona ligatja leliphetse lahulumende welive]]
[[Mengameli Welive leNingizimu Afrika|Mengameli]], [[Lisekela Mengameli Lelive laseNingizimu Afrika|Lisekela]] lakhe kanye netindvuna letiphetse ematiko ase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] bakha ligatja lahulumende lophetse sive. Mengameli ukhetfwa yiPhalamende emkhatsini kwemalunga alo.
==Tinkantolo==

==Tinkhomba==
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    <revision>
      <id>43190</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-29T04:41:29Z</timestamp>
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        <username>ZS Khumalo</username>
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      <text bytes="5286" sha1="8t6u96zhklx3zky0ywuymcz4edkbl7g" xml:space="preserve">'''Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika''' nguhulumende welive le[[Ningizimu Afrika|Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]], lelinetigaba letintsatfu tekubusa: hulumende kanye netinkantolo letitimele, ne[[Phalamende yaseNingizimu Afrika]]. Ligunya lekwenta imisebenti yahulumende liphetfwe ngu[[Mengameli waseNingizimu Afrika]], loyinhloko yembuso kanye nenhloko yahulumende, kanye neKhabhinethi lakhe. Mengameli ukhetfwa iPhalamende kutsi asebente sikhatsi lesimisiwe.
[[File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg| thumb|Liphawu laHulumende waseNingizimu Afrika]]
Hulumende waseNingizimu Afrika wehlukile kuhulumende walamanye emave e-Commonwealth ngekutsi tigaba tahulumende tavelonkhe, tetifundza kanye netasekhaya tineligunya lekwenta imitsetfo kanye nekuphatsa etindzaweni tato, futsi [[uMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika]] utichaza ngekutsi &quot;tihlukile, tiyasebentisana, futsi tihlobene&quot;. Emazingeni elive kanye netifundza, kunemigungu leyelulekako leyakhiwe baholi bendzabuko baseNingizimu Afrika. UMtsetfosisekelo usho kutsi live liphatfwe ngeluhlelo lwekubusisana kwahulumende. Kucinisekisa kusebenta kwaloluhlelo kungaphansi kwe[[Litiko leKubusa ngekubambisana]].
Hulumende welive wakhiwe ngemagatja lamatsatfu lahlangene. Lelokuqala ligatja lekwenta imitsetfo, lelifaka ekhatsi i[[Phalamende]], leyakhiwe si[[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]], lenemalunga ePhalamende langu-490 sekuhlanganisiwe. 

Lesibili ligatja lekwenta, lelimayelana naMengameli, longuNhloko yeMbuso kanye neNhloko yaHulumende. Lesitsatfu ligatja letinkantolo, lelimayelana ne[[Nkantolo Yemtsetfosisekelo]], [[Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)|Nkantolo Lephakeme Yekundlulisa Emacala]], kanye ne[[Nkantolo Lephakeme]].

Onkhe emagaja embuso waseNingizimu Afrika ingaphansi kwekuphatsa kweMtsetfosisekelo, longumtsetfo lophakeme eNingizimu Afrika.

==Kwentiwa Kwemtsetfo==
[[File:Houses of Parliament (Cape Town).jpg| thumb| Liphalamemde laseNingizimu Afrika]]
IPhalamende ye[[Riphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] ligatja lelenta imitsetfo yase[[Ningizimu Afrika]]. Itfolakala e[[Kapa]], lapho kwentiwa khona imitsetfo kulelive.

Ngephansi kwe[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] wamanje waseNingizimu Afrika, iPhalamende lenemakamelo lamabili lakhiwe [[Sigungu Savelonkhe]] kanye ne[[Mkhandlu Wavelonkhe Wetifundza]].&lt;ref&gt;''Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s. 42''. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Abioro, Tunde (4 August 2018), ''Digital Technologies, Online Engagement and Parliament-Citizen Relations in Nigeria and South Africa'', Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer International Publishing, pp. 217–232, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93509-6_12, ISBN 9783319935089, S2CID 158523324&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Odeyemi, Temitayo Isaac; Olorunshola, Damilola Temitope; Ajibola, Boluwatife Solomon (9 April 2023). ''Turning public engagement into standard practice: institutionalisation in the work of the South African Parliament''. The Journal of Legislative Studies. 29 (3): 406–424. doi:10.1080/13572334.2023.2195147. ISSN 1357-2334. S2CID 258076520.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bantfu labakhonta kuwo omabili lamakamelo basebentisa ligama lelitsi '''Lilunga lePhalamende (MP)'''.

LePhalamende yamanje yesi-28, yahlangana kwekucala mhla ti-14 Inhlaba 2024.

Kusukela nga-1910 kuya ku-1994, emalunga ePhalamende bekakhetfwa ikakhulu bantfu labamhlophe lababebayingcosana eNingizimu Afrika. Lukhetfo lwekucala lolwalunelilungelo lekuvota lelivulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu lwabanjwa nga-1994.

Lamakamelo omabili abebamba imihlangano e[[Tindlini tePhalamende]] eKapa, letakhiwa kusukela nga-1875 kuya ku-1884. Umlilo wacala etakhiweni nga 2022, wabhubhisa lihholo lemihlangano yeSigungu Savelonkhe. Kwatsatfwa sincumo sekutsi ngesikhatsi kwakhiwa kabusha iPhalamende, Sigungu Savelonkhe besitawuhlangana kwesikhashana eGood Hope Chamber.&lt;ref&gt;''LOOK: Check out the National Assembly's 'new' venue''. The South African. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022&lt;/ref&gt; Luhlelo lwekwakha kabusha lunelusuku loluhloswe lwekuphela nga 2027, futsi luhlose kutsi lubambe i[[State of the Nation Address|SONA]] yalowo mnyaka.&lt;ref&gt;''Parliament rebuild: R2.43 billion spent with Sona target in focus''. Cape Town ETC. 8 August 2026. Retrieved 9 August 2026&lt;/ref&gt;
==Sigungu lesiphetse==
[[File:Uniegebou.jpg|thumb|Tindlu teNyunyana, lapho kukhona khona ligatja leliphetse lahulumende welive]]
[[Mengameli Welive leNingizimu Afrika|Mengameli]], [[Lisekela Mengameli Lelive laseNingizimu Afrika|Lisekela]] lakhe kanye netindvuna letiphetse ematiko ase[[Ningizimu Afrika]] bakha ligatja lahulumende lophetse sive. Mengameli ukhetfwa yiPhalamende emkhatsini kwemalunga alo.
==Tinkantolo==
Ligatja lesitsatfu lahulumende welive tinkantolo letitimele. Ligatja letinkantolo lihumusha imitsetfo, lisebenta njengesisekelo semtsetfo leyemukelwe kanye netincazelo letaniketwa eSigungwini sekwenta imitsetfo. Luhlelo lwemtsetfo lususelwa emtsetfweni wamaRoma nemaDutch kanye nemtsetfo lojwayelekile wesi[[Ngisi]], futsi lwemukela ligunya leliphocelekile le[[Nkantolo Yemhlaba Yemtsetfo]] nobe i[[:en:International Court of Justice|International Court of Justice]].

Umqulu wemalungelo e[[Mtsetfosisekelo]] unika emalungelo.

==Tinkhomba==
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