Wikipedia sswiki https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likhasi_Lelikhulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.22 first-letter Tinkundla Lelibalulekile Khuluma Bantfu Khuluma nebantfu Wikipedia Khuluma ngeWikipedia Lifayela Khuluma ngelifayela MediaWiki Khuluma ngeMediaWiki iThempleti Khuluma ngethempleti Lusito Khuluma ngelusito Umkhakha Khuluma ngemkhakha TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 6946 43192 42984 2026-09-30T17:22:43Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43192 wikitext text/x-wiki '''EmaSwati''' noma '''emaSwazi''' (munye: ''Liswati'') ngema[[Bantu]] ladvabuka e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], labahlala e[[Swatini]] kanye nasesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]] eNingizimu Afrika. EmaSwati ayincenye yetive letikhuluma tilwimi tema[[Nguni]], letinemvelaphi yase e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], lapho kutfolakala khona emasiko, tinkholelo kanye nemikhuba yemasiko lefananako. [[File:Traditional Swazi Wedding Procession.jpg|thumb|Emaswati]] [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6336545968).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Lifulegi lemaSwati]] EmaSwati kanye ne[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso we-Eswatini]] lamuhla batfola emagama abo kuNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowaba yinkhosi nga-1839 ngemuva kwekushona kweyise, iNkhosi [[Sobhuza I]]. Eswatini bantfu bekucala kuhlala ema[[San people|San]], kantsi emaSwati lamuhla asuka enyakatho ye[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], andlula e[[Mozambique]], azenayofika lapho khona namuhla kuyiEswatini ngeminyaka yabo-1500. Umugca webukhosi babo ungalandzelwa emuva enkhosini leyatiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Dlamini I]]; leli kuseyilo ligama lemndeni webukhosi. Cishe tincenye letintsatfu kulamane temacembu emindeni ngema[[Nguni]]; letinye tingema[[Sotho]], ema[[Tsonga]], labanye bantfu base[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] kanye netitukulwane temaSan. Lamacembu ashade futsi ahlangana ngekukhululeka. BuSwati bufaka ekhatsi bonkhe labo labetsembekile kulababusi lababili, [[Ingwenyama]] (inkhosi) kanye ne[[Indlovukati]] (make wenkhosi). Lulwimi lolukhulu Siswati kanye [[Emasiko Emaswati]] nelisiko lemaSwati ngiko lokuhlanganisa Emaswati abe sive. ==Umlandvo== [[File:Swazi Warriors.jpg|thumb|Emadvuna emaSwati emcimbini we-Incwala]] Emaswati bantfu labadvabuka eNingizimu Afrika. Ligama ''bakaNgwane'' ("bantfu baNgwane") belisetjentiswa njengalelinye ligama lelisho Emaswati. Emaswati adzabuka kuma-[[Nguni]]. Kodvwa labanye bantfu bemaSwati bavela emindenini yema[[Sotho]] leyayihlala e[[Eswatini]]. Ngaphansi kwembuso wa[[Dlamini III]], lowatsatsa bukhosi kuMaseko, kwaba nekusungulwa kwendzawo yekuhlala nga-1750 ngase[[Umfula iPongola|Mfuleni iPongola]] lapho kuncamula khona [[Tintsaba teLubombo]]. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, bahamba baya endzaweni lekungumfula iPongola, lebeyisedvute nebantfu baka[[Ndwandwe]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120917000000/http://www.sntc.org.sz/ Terence Sibiya's Swaziland pages, Swazi People], 17 September 2012. Accessed 15 September 2013</ref> Lowalandzela Dlamini III kwakungu[[Ngwane III]], lotsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yeEswatini yalamuhla. Wabusa cishe kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780 esifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]] eEswatini.<ref name="auto"/> Nga-1815, [[Sobhuza I]] waba yinkhosi yaseEswatini futsi waba nencenye lebalulekile ekwakheni emandla Emaswati.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Swazi house.jpg|thumb| Umfanekiso wendlu yemaSwati [[eMsamo weSwatini, Lobamba]]]] [[File:Swazi home.jpg|thumb]] Ngaphansi kwaSobhuza I, Emaswati achubeka nekwandzisa indzawo yawo ngekuncoba ticucu letinyenti temacembu lamancane ema[[Sotho]] nema[[Nguni]], akha umbuso lomkhulu lowatiwa lamuhla ngekutsi ngu[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso weSwatini]]. Kubusa kwaSobhuza I kwenteka ngesikhatsi se[[Mfecane]]. Ngaphansi kwekubusa kwaSobhuza, bantfu bemaNguni nemaSotho kanye nemaSan labasala bahlanganiswa baba sive semaSwati. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sakhe lapho imincele yalamuhla yeEswatini yaba ngaphansi kwekubusa kwemakhosi akaDlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yabo-1830, kwaba nekucala kwekutsintsana nema[[Bhunu]], labebahlala etindzaweni letagcine taba yi[[South African Republic]].<ref name="auto"/> Incenye lenkhulu yendzawo yemaSwati yaniketwa emaBhunu aseTransvaal, labahlala endzaweni yase[[w:Lydenburg|Lydenburg]] ngeminyaka yabo-1840. Indzawo yaseSwatini kanye nenkhosi yayo, [[Mswati II]], yavunywa ngemaBhunu kanye nema[[Ngisi]]. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwaMswati II lapho sive semaSwati sahlanganiswa khona saba nemandla. Emuva kwaloko, ligama lelitsi "Swati" lagcina lisetjentiswa kubo bonkhe bantfu lababetsembekile kuIngwenyama.<ref name="auto">''Culture of Swaziland – history, people, women, beliefs, food, family, social, dress, marriage''. Everyculture.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017</ref> Kamuva ngaphansi kweNkhosi [[Mbandzeni]], kwaniketwa tivumelwano letinyenti tekuhweba, temhlaba kanye netimayini kubahlali base[[w:Britain|Britain]] nemaBhunu.<ref>Colonial Office (1895). ''South Africa: Further Correspondence Respecting the Affairs of Swaziland''. Eyre and Spottiswoode</ref> Loku kwaholela ekulahlekeni kwaleminye imhlaba kubahlali baseSouth African Republic. Umphumela waba kutsi bantfu labanyenti bemaSwati bagcina bahlala ngaphandle kweEswatini, eNingizimu Afrika. I[[Pretoria Convention]] yekulungisa indzaba yeTransvaal yanga-1881 yakubona kutimela kweEswatini futsi yachaza imingcele yaso. INgwenyama akazange abe ngumusayini walesivumelwano, futsi emaSwati atsi indzawo yawo ifinyelela macala onkhe kusukela kulombuso wanamuhla. IBritain yatsatsa ligunya phezu kweEswatini nga-1903, futsi kutimela kwaphindze kwatfolwa nga-1968. Lamuhla, emaSwati ahlala eEswatini naseNingizimu Afrika. Bantfu baseNingizimu Afrika labadabuka kumaSwati bavame kubonakala ngekutsi bakhuluma siSwati, noma lulwimi lolusondzelene naso. Kukhona futsi emaSwati lamanyenti latfutsele eNingizimu Afrika nase[[United Kingdom]]. Linani lemaSwati eNingizimu Afrika likhulu kancane kunelaseEswatini, lapho kunebantfu labangaba ngu-1.2 million. EEswatini yanamuhla, bantfu bemaSwati bafaka ekhatsi bonkhe takhamuti taseEswatini kungakhatsaliseki kutsi bavela kuliphi licembu. ==Bunjalo bemaSwati== Emakhosi aseEswatini asukela emuva esikhatsini lapho umugca webukhosi beDlamini wawuhlala endzaweni lesedvute ne[[Delagoa Bay]]. Sive semaSwati ekucaleni sakhiwa ngemindeni leli-17 leyatiwa ngekutsi ''bemdzabuko'' ("emaSwati elicinisile"),<ref name="auti">Matsebula, J.S.M.(1988). ''A History of Swaziland'', Longman. 3rd edition. ISBN 0582031672. Page 21</ref> leyahamba nemakhosi akaDlamini emaLangeni ekucala. Lemindeni leli-17 yekusungula bekungemaDlamini, Nhlabathi, Hlophe, Kunene, Mabuza, Madvonsela, Mamba, Matsebula, Mdluli, Motsa, Ngwenya, Shongwe, Sukati, Tsabedze, Tfwala, Mbokane kanye naZwane.<ref name="auti"/> Eminye imindeni yemaSwati yatiwa ngekutsi ''Emakhandzambili'' ("labo labatfolwa ngaphambili", sibonelo Gamedze, Fakudze, Ngcamphalala kanye naMagagula), lokusho kutsi beyivele ikhona kulelive ngaphambi kwekufika nekuhlasela kwemaDlamini. ''Emafikemuva'' ("labo labafika ngemuva") ngulabo labajoyina umbuso ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.<ref>Matsebula, JSM (1988). page 21-22</ref> ==Lisiko== [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6335777785).jpg| thumb]] [[File:Eswatini reed dance ceremony Young maidens observing the Eswatini traditional reed dance ceremony.jpg|thumb |Tingabisa kumgubho weNcwala nga-2025]] Kudansa nekucula, lokufaka ekhatsi tingoma tekudvumisa, kubalulekile kakhulu emasikweni emaSwati. Kwenta luphala kanye nekubaza bekungemasiko lamancane.Umshado wesintfu wemaSwati ubitwa ngekutsi ''umtsimba''; uvamise kwenteka ngemphelasontfo ngenkhatsi yesomiso, kusukela ngaJune kuya kuAugust. Umakoti kanye netihlobo takhe baya ekhaya lemkhwenyana ngeLesihlanu ntsambama. NgeMgcibelo ekuseni, licembu lemakoti lihlala ngasemfuleni lisedvute futsi lidle inyama yembuzi noma yenkomo leniketwa ngumndeni wemkhwenyana; ntsambama, badansa ekhaya lemkhwenyana. NgeLisontfo ekuseni, umakoti, kanye netihlobo takhe letingumake, ugwaza umhlaba ngesikhali sekulwa esibayeni semfuyo semkhwenyana; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ugcotjwa ngeludaka lolubovu. Lokugcotjwa ngiko lokuba ngumvutfu wencenye lemcoka yemshado: kute umuntfu wesifazane longagcotjwa kabili. Umakoti unika umyeni wakhe netihlobo takhe tipho.<ref>''Swaziland National Trust Commission - Cultural Resources – Swazi Culture'', SNTC.org.sz. Accessed 27 August 2017</ref> [[Umhlanga]] ngileminye yemikhosi yemasiko leyatiwa kakhulu eEswatini, lowenteka ngaAugust/September njalo ngemnyaka lapho khona emantfombatana lasengakashadi akhokha khona inhlonipho kuNdlovukati. [[Incwala]] ngulomunye umcimbi wemasiko wemaSwati lowenteka ngaDecember/January, kuye ngetigaba tenyanga. Lomcimbi, lobitwa nangekutsi "Umkhosi Wemivuno Yekucala", ukhombisa iNkhosi sivuno lesisha emnyakeni.<ref>''CULTURAL RESOURCES: Swazi Culture The Incwala or Kingship Ceremony'' SNTC.org.sz, Accessed 22 November 2013</ref> ==Inkholo== Inkholo yesintfu yemaSwati yemukela Nkulunkulu lomkhulu/uMdali njengobe anjalo, kantsi bokhokho bayahlonishwa. Inkholo yemaSwati isekelwe kuMdali lowatiwa ngekutsi nguMvelincanti ("lowayekhona kusukela ekucaleni"). EmaSwati lamanyenti ahlanganisa lenkholelo nebu[[Khristu]] besimanje, lobaletselwa bashumayeli. Labanyenti bachubeka nekulandzela tinkholelo tabo tesintfu temoya. Imikhuba yetenkholo yentiwa ezingeni lemndeni futsi ihlobene nekutalwa, kufa kanye nemshado.<ref>Kasenene, Peter (1992): ''Religion in Swaziland''. South Africa, ABC-CLIO, Page 384. ISBN 0313032254</ref> ==Buka futsi== * [[Umtsimba]] – umcimbi wemshado ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} cxgql5sztnqvlc1j3roerrn2uvli9wj 43193 43192 2026-09-30T17:23:43Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''EmaSwati''' noma '''emaSwazi''' (munye: ''Liswati'') ngema[[Bantu]] ladvabuka e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], labahlala e[[Swatini]] kanye nasesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]] eNingizimu Afrika. EmaSwati ayincenye yetive letikhuluma tilwimi tema[[Nguni]], letinemvelaphi yase e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], lapho kutfolakala khona emasiko, tinkholelo kanye nemikhuba yemasiko lefananako. [[File:Traditional Swazi Wedding Procession.jpg|thumb|Emaswati]] [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6336545968).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Lifulegi lemaSwati]] EmaSwati kanye ne[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso we-Eswatini]] lamuhla batfola emagama abo kuNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowaba yinkhosi nga-1839 ngemuva kwekushona kweyise, iNkhosi [[Sobhuza I]]. Eswatini bantfu bekucala kuhlala ema[[San people|San]], kantsi emaSwati lamuhla asuka enyakatho ye[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], andlula e[[Mozambiki]], azenayofika lapho khona namuhla kuyiEswatini ngeminyaka yabo-1500. Umugca webukhosi babo ungalandzelwa emuva enkhosini leyatiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Dlamini I]]; leli kuseyilo ligama lemndeni webukhosi. Cishe tincenye letintsatfu kulamane temacembu emindeni ngema[[Nguni]]; letinye tingema[[Sotho]], ema[[Tsonga]], labanye bantfu base[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] kanye netitukulwane temaSan. Lamacembu ashade futsi ahlangana ngekukhululeka. BuSwati bufaka ekhatsi bonkhe labo labetsembekile kulababusi lababili, [[Ingwenyama]] (inkhosi) kanye ne[[Indlovukati]] (make wenkhosi). Lulwimi lolukhulu Siswati kanye [[Emasiko Emaswati]] nelisiko lemaSwati ngiko lokuhlanganisa Emaswati abe sive. ==Umlandvo== [[File:Swazi Warriors.jpg|thumb|Emadvuna emaSwati emcimbini we-Incwala]] Emaswati bantfu labadvabuka eNingizimu Afrika. Ligama ''bakaNgwane'' ("bantfu baNgwane") belisetjentiswa njengalelinye ligama lelisho Emaswati. Emaswati adzabuka kuma-[[Nguni]]. Kodvwa labanye bantfu bemaSwati bavela emindenini yema[[Sotho]] leyayihlala e[[Eswatini]]. Ngaphansi kwembuso wa[[Dlamini III]], lowatsatsa bukhosi kuMaseko, kwaba nekusungulwa kwendzawo yekuhlala nga-1750 ngase[[Umfula iPongola|Mfuleni iPongola]] lapho kuncamula khona [[Tintsaba teLubombo]]. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, bahamba baya endzaweni lekungumfula iPongola, lebeyisedvute nebantfu baka[[Ndwandwe]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120917000000/http://www.sntc.org.sz/ Terence Sibiya's Swaziland pages, Swazi People], 17 September 2012. Accessed 15 September 2013</ref> Lowalandzela Dlamini III kwakungu[[Ngwane III]], lotsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yeEswatini yalamuhla. Wabusa cishe kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780 esifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]] eEswatini.<ref name="auto"/> Nga-1815, [[Sobhuza I]] waba yinkhosi yaseEswatini futsi waba nencenye lebalulekile ekwakheni emandla Emaswati.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Swazi house.jpg|thumb| Umfanekiso wendlu yemaSwati [[eMsamo weSwatini, Lobamba]]]] [[File:Swazi home.jpg|thumb]] Ngaphansi kwaSobhuza I, Emaswati achubeka nekwandzisa indzawo yawo ngekuncoba ticucu letinyenti temacembu lamancane ema[[Sotho]] nema[[Nguni]], akha umbuso lomkhulu lowatiwa lamuhla ngekutsi ngu[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso weSwatini]]. Kubusa kwaSobhuza I kwenteka ngesikhatsi se[[Mfecane]]. Ngaphansi kwekubusa kwaSobhuza, bantfu bemaNguni nemaSotho kanye nemaSan labasala bahlanganiswa baba sive semaSwati. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sakhe lapho imincele yalamuhla yeEswatini yaba ngaphansi kwekubusa kwemakhosi akaDlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yabo-1830, kwaba nekucala kwekutsintsana nema[[Bhunu]], labebahlala etindzaweni letagcine taba yi[[South African Republic]].<ref name="auto"/> Incenye lenkhulu yendzawo yemaSwati yaniketwa emaBhunu aseTransvaal, labahlala endzaweni yase[[w:Lydenburg|Lydenburg]] ngeminyaka yabo-1840. Indzawo yaseSwatini kanye nenkhosi yayo, [[Mswati II]], yavunywa ngemaBhunu kanye nema[[Ngisi]]. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwaMswati II lapho sive semaSwati sahlanganiswa khona saba nemandla. Emuva kwaloko, ligama lelitsi "Swati" lagcina lisetjentiswa kubo bonkhe bantfu lababetsembekile kuIngwenyama.<ref name="auto">''Culture of Swaziland – history, people, women, beliefs, food, family, social, dress, marriage''. Everyculture.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017</ref> Kamuva ngaphansi kweNkhosi [[Mbandzeni]], kwaniketwa tivumelwano letinyenti tekuhweba, temhlaba kanye netimayini kubahlali base[[w:Britain|Britain]] nemaBhunu.<ref>Colonial Office (1895). ''South Africa: Further Correspondence Respecting the Affairs of Swaziland''. Eyre and Spottiswoode</ref> Loku kwaholela ekulahlekeni kwaleminye imhlaba kubahlali baseSouth African Republic. Umphumela waba kutsi bantfu labanyenti bemaSwati bagcina bahlala ngaphandle kweEswatini, eNingizimu Afrika. I[[Pretoria Convention]] yekulungisa indzaba yeTransvaal yanga-1881 yakubona kutimela kweEswatini futsi yachaza imingcele yaso. INgwenyama akazange abe ngumusayini walesivumelwano, futsi emaSwati atsi indzawo yawo ifinyelela macala onkhe kusukela kulombuso wanamuhla. IBritain yatsatsa ligunya phezu kweEswatini nga-1903, futsi kutimela kwaphindze kwatfolwa nga-1968. Lamuhla, emaSwati ahlala eEswatini naseNingizimu Afrika. Bantfu baseNingizimu Afrika labadabuka kumaSwati bavame kubonakala ngekutsi bakhuluma siSwati, noma lulwimi lolusondzelene naso. Kukhona futsi emaSwati lamanyenti latfutsele eNingizimu Afrika nase[[United Kingdom]]. Linani lemaSwati eNingizimu Afrika likhulu kancane kunelaseEswatini, lapho kunebantfu labangaba ngu-1.2 million. EEswatini yanamuhla, bantfu bemaSwati bafaka ekhatsi bonkhe takhamuti taseEswatini kungakhatsaliseki kutsi bavela kuliphi licembu. ==Bunjalo bemaSwati== Emakhosi aseEswatini asukela emuva esikhatsini lapho umugca webukhosi beDlamini wawuhlala endzaweni lesedvute ne[[Delagoa Bay]]. Sive semaSwati ekucaleni sakhiwa ngemindeni leli-17 leyatiwa ngekutsi ''bemdzabuko'' ("emaSwati elicinisile"),<ref name="auti">Matsebula, J.S.M.(1988). ''A History of Swaziland'', Longman. 3rd edition. ISBN 0582031672. Page 21</ref> leyahamba nemakhosi akaDlamini emaLangeni ekucala. Lemindeni leli-17 yekusungula bekungemaDlamini, Nhlabathi, Hlophe, Kunene, Mabuza, Madvonsela, Mamba, Matsebula, Mdluli, Motsa, Ngwenya, Shongwe, Sukati, Tsabedze, Tfwala, Mbokane kanye naZwane.<ref name="auti"/> Eminye imindeni yemaSwati yatiwa ngekutsi ''Emakhandzambili'' ("labo labatfolwa ngaphambili", sibonelo Gamedze, Fakudze, Ngcamphalala kanye naMagagula), lokusho kutsi beyivele ikhona kulelive ngaphambi kwekufika nekuhlasela kwemaDlamini. ''Emafikemuva'' ("labo labafika ngemuva") ngulabo labajoyina umbuso ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.<ref>Matsebula, JSM (1988). page 21-22</ref> ==Lisiko== [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6335777785).jpg| thumb]] [[File:Eswatini reed dance ceremony Young maidens observing the Eswatini traditional reed dance ceremony.jpg|thumb |Tingabisa kumgubho weNcwala nga-2025]] Kudansa nekucula, lokufaka ekhatsi tingoma tekudvumisa, kubalulekile kakhulu emasikweni emaSwati. Kwenta luphala kanye nekubaza bekungemasiko lamancane.Umshado wesintfu wemaSwati ubitwa ngekutsi ''umtsimba''; uvamise kwenteka ngemphelasontfo ngenkhatsi yesomiso, kusukela ngaJune kuya kuAugust. Umakoti kanye netihlobo takhe baya ekhaya lemkhwenyana ngeLesihlanu ntsambama. NgeMgcibelo ekuseni, licembu lemakoti lihlala ngasemfuleni lisedvute futsi lidle inyama yembuzi noma yenkomo leniketwa ngumndeni wemkhwenyana; ntsambama, badansa ekhaya lemkhwenyana. NgeLisontfo ekuseni, umakoti, kanye netihlobo takhe letingumake, ugwaza umhlaba ngesikhali sekulwa esibayeni semfuyo semkhwenyana; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ugcotjwa ngeludaka lolubovu. Lokugcotjwa ngiko lokuba ngumvutfu wencenye lemcoka yemshado: kute umuntfu wesifazane longagcotjwa kabili. Umakoti unika umyeni wakhe netihlobo takhe tipho.<ref>''Swaziland National Trust Commission - Cultural Resources – Swazi Culture'', SNTC.org.sz. Accessed 27 August 2017</ref> [[Umhlanga]] ngileminye yemikhosi yemasiko leyatiwa kakhulu eEswatini, lowenteka ngaAugust/September njalo ngemnyaka lapho khona emantfombatana lasengakashadi akhokha khona inhlonipho kuNdlovukati. [[Incwala]] ngulomunye umcimbi wemasiko wemaSwati lowenteka ngaDecember/January, kuye ngetigaba tenyanga. Lomcimbi, lobitwa nangekutsi "Umkhosi Wemivuno Yekucala", ukhombisa iNkhosi sivuno lesisha emnyakeni.<ref>''CULTURAL RESOURCES: Swazi Culture The Incwala or Kingship Ceremony'' SNTC.org.sz, Accessed 22 November 2013</ref> ==Inkholo== Inkholo yesintfu yemaSwati yemukela Nkulunkulu lomkhulu/uMdali njengobe anjalo, kantsi bokhokho bayahlonishwa. Inkholo yemaSwati isekelwe kuMdali lowatiwa ngekutsi nguMvelincanti ("lowayekhona kusukela ekucaleni"). EmaSwati lamanyenti ahlanganisa lenkholelo nebu[[Khristu]] besimanje, lobaletselwa bashumayeli. Labanyenti bachubeka nekulandzela tinkholelo tabo tesintfu temoya. Imikhuba yetenkholo yentiwa ezingeni lemndeni futsi ihlobene nekutalwa, kufa kanye nemshado.<ref>Kasenene, Peter (1992): ''Religion in Swaziland''. South Africa, ABC-CLIO, Page 384. ISBN 0313032254</ref> ==Buka futsi== * [[Umtsimba]] – umcimbi wemshado ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} t4vlgpbui440pmfm0mz9h9ru31eo4xw 43199 43193 2026-09-30T18:06:32Z ZS Khumalo 9375 43199 wikitext text/x-wiki '''EmaSwati''' noma '''emaSwazi''' (munye: ''Liswati'') ngema[[Bantu]] ladvabuka e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], labahlala e[[Swatini]] kanye nasesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]] eNingizimu Afrika. EmaSwati ayincenye yetive letikhuluma tilwimi tema[[Nguni]], letinemvelaphi yase e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], lapho kutfolakala khona emasiko, tinkholelo kanye nemikhuba yemasiko lefananako. [[File:Traditional Swazi Wedding Procession.jpg|thumb|Emaswati]] [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6336545968).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Lifulegi lemaSwati]] EmaSwati kanye ne[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso we-Eswatini]] lamuhla batfola emagama abo kuNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowaba yinkhosi nga-1839 ngemuva kwekushona kweyise, iNkhosi [[Sobhuza I]]. Eswatini bantfu bekucala kuhlala ema[[San people|San]], kantsi emaSwati lamuhla asuka enyakatho ye[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], andlula e[[Mozambiki]], azenayofika lapho khona namuhla kuyiEswatini ngeminyaka yabo-1500. Umugca webukhosi babo ungalandzelwa emuva enkhosini leyatiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Dlamini I]]; leli kuseyilo ligama lemndeni webukhosi. Cishe tincenye letintsatfu kulamane temacembu emindeni ngema[[Nguni]]; letinye tingema[[Sotho]], ema[[Tsonga]], labanye bantfu base[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] kanye netitukulwane temaSan. Lamacembu ashade futsi ahlangana ngekukhululeka. BuSwati bufaka ekhatsi bonkhe labo labetsembekile kulababusi lababili, [[Ingwenyama]] (inkhosi) kanye ne[[Indlovukati]] (make wenkhosi). Lulwimi lolukhulu Siswati kanye [[Emasiko Emaswati]] nelisiko lemaSwati ngiko lokuhlanganisa Emaswati abe sive. ==Umlandvo== [[File:Swazi Warriors.jpg|thumb|Emadvuna emaSwati emcimbini we-Incwala]] Emaswati bantfu labadvabuka eNingizimu Afrika. Ligama ''bakaNgwane'' ("bantfu baNgwane") belisetjentiswa njengalelinye ligama lelisho Emaswati. Emaswati adzabuka kuma-[[Nguni]]. Kodvwa labanye bantfu bemaSwati bavela emindenini yema[[Sotho]] leyayihlala e[[Swatini]]. Ngaphansi kwembuso wa[[Dlamini III]], lowatsatsa bukhosi kuMaseko, kwaba nekusungulwa kwendzawo yekuhlala nga-1750 ngase[[Umfula iPongola|Mfuleni iPongola]] lapho kuncamula khona [[Tintsaba teLubombo]]. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, bahamba baya endzaweni lekungumfula iPongola, lebeyisedvute nebantfu baka[[Ndwandwe]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120917000000/http://www.sntc.org.sz/ Terence Sibiya's Swaziland pages, Swazi People], 17 September 2012. Accessed 15 September 2013</ref> Lowalandzela Dlamini III kwakungu[[Ngwane III]], lotsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yeEswatini yalamuhla. Wabusa cishe kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780 esifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]] eEswatini.<ref name="auto"/> Nga-1815, [[Sobhuza I]] waba yinkhosi yaseEswatini futsi waba nencenye lebalulekile ekwakheni emandla Emaswati.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Swazi house.jpg|thumb| Umfanekiso wendlu yemaSwati [[eMsamo weSwatini, Lobamba]]]] [[File:Swazi home.jpg|thumb]] Ngaphansi kwaSobhuza I, Emaswati achubeka nekwandzisa indzawo yawo ngekuncoba ticucu letinyenti temacembu lamancane ema[[Sotho]] nema[[Nguni]], akha umbuso lomkhulu lowatiwa lamuhla ngekutsi ngu[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso weSwatini]]. Kubusa kwaSobhuza I kwenteka ngesikhatsi se[[Mfecane]]. Ngaphansi kwekubusa kwaSobhuza, bantfu bemaNguni nemaSotho kanye nemaSan labasala bahlanganiswa baba sive semaSwati. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sakhe lapho imincele yalamuhla yeEswatini yaba ngaphansi kwekubusa kwemakhosi akaDlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yabo-1830, kwaba nekucala kwekutsintsana nema[[Bhunu]], labebahlala etindzaweni letagcine taba yi[[South African Republic]].<ref name="auto"/> Incenye lenkhulu yendzawo yemaSwati yaniketwa emaBhunu aseTransvaal, labahlala endzaweni yase[[w:Lydenburg|Lydenburg]] ngeminyaka yabo-1840. Indzawo yaseSwatini kanye nenkhosi yayo, [[Mswati II]], yavunywa ngemaBhunu kanye nema[[Ngisi]]. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwaMswati II lapho sive semaSwati sahlanganiswa khona saba nemandla. Emuva kwaloko, ligama lelitsi "Swati" lagcina lisetjentiswa kubo bonkhe bantfu lababetsembekile kuIngwenyama.<ref name="auto">''Culture of Swaziland – history, people, women, beliefs, food, family, social, dress, marriage''. Everyculture.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017</ref> Kamuva ngaphansi kweNkhosi [[Mbandzeni]], kwaniketwa tivumelwano letinyenti tekuhweba, temhlaba kanye netimayini kubahlali base[[w:Britain|Britain]] nemaBhunu.<ref>Colonial Office (1895). ''South Africa: Further Correspondence Respecting the Affairs of Swaziland''. Eyre and Spottiswoode</ref> Loku kwaholela ekulahlekeni kwaleminye imhlaba kubahlali baseSouth African Republic. Umphumela waba kutsi bantfu labanyenti bemaSwati bagcina bahlala ngaphandle kweEswatini, eNingizimu Afrika. I[[Pretoria Convention]] yekulungisa indzaba yeTransvaal yanga-1881 yakubona kutimela kweEswatini futsi yachaza imingcele yaso. INgwenyama akazange abe ngumusayini walesivumelwano, futsi emaSwati atsi indzawo yawo ifinyelela macala onkhe kusukela kulombuso wanamuhla. IBritain yatsatsa ligunya phezu kweEswatini nga-1903, futsi kutimela kwaphindze kwatfolwa nga-1968. Lamuhla, emaSwati ahlala eEswatini naseNingizimu Afrika. Bantfu baseNingizimu Afrika labadabuka kumaSwati bavame kubonakala ngekutsi bakhuluma siSwati, noma lulwimi lolusondzelene naso. Kukhona futsi emaSwati lamanyenti latfutsele eNingizimu Afrika nase[[United Kingdom]]. Linani lemaSwati eNingizimu Afrika likhulu kancane kunelaseEswatini, lapho kunebantfu labangaba ngu-1.2 million. EEswatini yanamuhla, bantfu bemaSwati bafaka ekhatsi bonkhe takhamuti taseEswatini kungakhatsaliseki kutsi bavela kuliphi licembu. ==Bunjalo bemaSwati== Emakhosi aseEswatini asukela emuva esikhatsini lapho umugca webukhosi beDlamini wawuhlala endzaweni lesedvute ne[[Delagoa Bay]]. Sive semaSwati ekucaleni sakhiwa ngemindeni leli-17 leyatiwa ngekutsi ''bemdzabuko'' ("emaSwati elicinisile"),<ref name="auti">Matsebula, J.S.M.(1988). ''A History of Swaziland'', Longman. 3rd edition. ISBN 0582031672. Page 21</ref> leyahamba nemakhosi akaDlamini emaLangeni ekucala. Lemindeni leli-17 yekusungula bekungemaDlamini, Nhlabathi, Hlophe, Kunene, Mabuza, Madvonsela, Mamba, Matsebula, Mdluli, Motsa, Ngwenya, Shongwe, Sukati, Tsabedze, Tfwala, Mbokane kanye naZwane.<ref name="auti"/> Eminye imindeni yemaSwati yatiwa ngekutsi ''Emakhandzambili'' ("labo labatfolwa ngaphambili", sibonelo Gamedze, Fakudze, Ngcamphalala kanye naMagagula), lokusho kutsi beyivele ikhona kulelive ngaphambi kwekufika nekuhlasela kwemaDlamini. ''Emafikemuva'' ("labo labafika ngemuva") ngulabo labajoyina umbuso ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.<ref>Matsebula, JSM (1988). page 21-22</ref> ==Lisiko== [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6335777785).jpg| thumb]] [[File:Eswatini reed dance ceremony Young maidens observing the Eswatini traditional reed dance ceremony.jpg|thumb |Tingabisa kumgubho weNcwala nga-2025]] Kudansa nekucula, lokufaka ekhatsi tingoma tekudvumisa, kubalulekile kakhulu emasikweni emaSwati. Kwenta luphala kanye nekubaza bekungemasiko lamancane.Umshado wesintfu wemaSwati ubitwa ngekutsi ''umtsimba''; uvamise kwenteka ngemphelasontfo ngenkhatsi yesomiso, kusukela ngaJune kuya kuAugust. Umakoti kanye netihlobo takhe baya ekhaya lemkhwenyana ngeLesihlanu ntsambama. NgeMgcibelo ekuseni, licembu lemakoti lihlala ngasemfuleni lisedvute futsi lidle inyama yembuzi noma yenkomo leniketwa ngumndeni wemkhwenyana; ntsambama, badansa ekhaya lemkhwenyana. NgeLisontfo ekuseni, umakoti, kanye netihlobo takhe letingumake, ugwaza umhlaba ngesikhali sekulwa esibayeni semfuyo semkhwenyana; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ugcotjwa ngeludaka lolubovu. Lokugcotjwa ngiko lokuba ngumvutfu wencenye lemcoka yemshado: kute umuntfu wesifazane longagcotjwa kabili. Umakoti unika umyeni wakhe netihlobo takhe tipho.<ref>''Swaziland National Trust Commission - Cultural Resources – Swazi Culture'', SNTC.org.sz. Accessed 27 August 2017</ref> [[Umhlanga]] ngileminye yemikhosi yemasiko leyatiwa kakhulu eEswatini, lowenteka ngaAugust/September njalo ngemnyaka lapho khona emantfombatana lasengakashadi akhokha khona inhlonipho kuNdlovukati. [[Incwala]] ngulomunye umcimbi wemasiko wemaSwati lowenteka ngaDecember/January, kuye ngetigaba tenyanga. Lomcimbi, lobitwa nangekutsi "Umkhosi Wemivuno Yekucala", ukhombisa iNkhosi sivuno lesisha emnyakeni.<ref>''CULTURAL RESOURCES: Swazi Culture The Incwala or Kingship Ceremony'' SNTC.org.sz, Accessed 22 November 2013</ref> ==Inkholo== Inkholo yesintfu yemaSwati yemukela Nkulunkulu lomkhulu/uMdali njengobe anjalo, kantsi bokhokho bayahlonishwa. Inkholo yemaSwati isekelwe kuMdali lowatiwa ngekutsi nguMvelincanti ("lowayekhona kusukela ekucaleni"). EmaSwati lamanyenti ahlanganisa lenkholelo nebu[[Khristu]] besimanje, lobaletselwa bashumayeli. Labanyenti bachubeka nekulandzela tinkholelo tabo tesintfu temoya. Imikhuba yetenkholo yentiwa ezingeni lemndeni futsi ihlobene nekutalwa, kufa kanye nemshado.<ref>Kasenene, Peter (1992): ''Religion in Swaziland''. South Africa, ABC-CLIO, Page 384. ISBN 0313032254</ref> ==Buka futsi== * [[Umtsimba]] – umcimbi wemshado ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 4aymoeryqc12vobm0kfjvta00yre553 43200 43199 2026-09-30T18:30:23Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Umlandvo */ 43200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''EmaSwati''' noma '''emaSwazi''' (munye: ''Liswati'') ngema[[Bantu]] ladvabuka e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], labahlala e[[Swatini]] kanye nasesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]] eNingizimu Afrika. EmaSwati ayincenye yetive letikhuluma tilwimi tema[[Nguni]], letinemvelaphi yase e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], lapho kutfolakala khona emasiko, tinkholelo kanye nemikhuba yemasiko lefananako. [[File:Traditional Swazi Wedding Procession.jpg|thumb|Emaswati]] [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6336545968).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Lifulegi lemaSwati]] EmaSwati kanye ne[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso we-Eswatini]] lamuhla batfola emagama abo kuNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowaba yinkhosi nga-1839 ngemuva kwekushona kweyise, iNkhosi [[Sobhuza I]]. Eswatini bantfu bekucala kuhlala ema[[San people|San]], kantsi emaSwati lamuhla asuka enyakatho ye[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], andlula e[[Mozambiki]], azenayofika lapho khona namuhla kuyiEswatini ngeminyaka yabo-1500. Umugca webukhosi babo ungalandzelwa emuva enkhosini leyatiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Dlamini I]]; leli kuseyilo ligama lemndeni webukhosi. Cishe tincenye letintsatfu kulamane temacembu emindeni ngema[[Nguni]]; letinye tingema[[Sotho]], ema[[Tsonga]], labanye bantfu base[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] kanye netitukulwane temaSan. Lamacembu ashade futsi ahlangana ngekukhululeka. BuSwati bufaka ekhatsi bonkhe labo labetsembekile kulababusi lababili, [[Ingwenyama]] (inkhosi) kanye ne[[Indlovukati]] (make wenkhosi). Lulwimi lolukhulu Siswati kanye [[Emasiko Emaswati]] nelisiko lemaSwati ngiko lokuhlanganisa Emaswati abe sive. ==Umlandvo== [[File:Swazi Warriors.jpg|thumb|Emadvuna emaSwati emcimbini we-Incwala]] Emaswati bantfu labadvabuka eNingizimu Afrika. Ligama ''bakaNgwane'' ("bantfu baNgwane") belisetjentiswa njengalelinye ligama lelisho Emaswati. Emaswati adzabuka kuma-[[Nguni]]. Kodvwa labanye bantfu bemaSwati bavela emindenini yema[[Sotho]] leyayihlala e[[Swatini]]. Ngaphansi kwembuso wa[[Dlamini III]], lowatsatsa bukhosi kuMaseko, kwaba nekusungulwa kwendzawo yekuhlala nga-1750 ngase[[Umfula iPongola|Mfuleni iPongola]] lapho kuncamula khona [[Tintsaba teLubombo]]. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, bahamba baya endzaweni lekungumfula iPongola, lebeyisedvute nebantfu baka[[Ndwandwe]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120917000000/http://www.sntc.org.sz/ Terence Sibiya's Swaziland pages, Swazi People], 17 September 2012. Accessed 15 September 2013</ref> Lowalandzela Dlamini III kwakungu[[Ngwane III]], lotsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yeEswatini yalamuhla. Wabusa cishe kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780 esifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]] eEswatini.<ref name="auto"/> Nga-1815, [[Sobhuza I]] waba yinkhosi yaseEswatini futsi waba nencenye lebalulekile ekwakheni emandla Emaswati.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Swazi house.jpg|thumb| Umfanekiso wendlu yemaSwati [[eMsamo weSwatini, Lobamba]]]] [[File:Swazi home.jpg|thumb]] Ngaphansi kwaSobhuza I, Emaswati achubeka nekwandzisa indzawo yawo ngekuncoba ticucu letinyenti temacembu lamancane ema[[Sotho]] nema[[Nguni]], akha umbuso lomkhulu lowatiwa lamuhla ngekutsi ngu[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso weSwatini]]. Kubusa kwaSobhuza I kwenteka ngesikhatsi se[[Mfecane]]. Ngaphansi kwekubusa kwaSobhuza, bantfu bemaNguni nemaSotho kanye nemaSan labasala bahlanganiswa baba sive semaSwati. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sakhe lapho imincele yalamuhla yeEswatini yaba ngaphansi kwekubusa kwemakhosi akaDlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yabo-1830, kwaba nekucala kwekutsintsana nema[[Bhunu]], labebahlala etindzaweni letagcine taba yi[[Ningizimu Afrika]].<ref name="auto"/> Incenye lenkhulu yendzawo yemaSwati yaniketwa emaBhunu aseTransvaal, labahlala endzaweni yase[[w:Lydenburg|Lydenburg]] ngeminyaka yabo-1840. Indzawo yaseSwatini kanye nenkhosi yayo, [[Mswati II]], yavunywa ngemaBhunu kanye nema[[Ngisi]]. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwaMswati II lapho sive semaSwati sahlanganiswa khona saba nemandla. Emuva kwaloko, ligama lelitsi "Swati" lagcina lisetjentiswa kubo bonkhe bantfu lababetsembekile kuIngwenyama.<ref name="auto">''Culture of Swaziland – history, people, women, beliefs, food, family, social, dress, marriage''. Everyculture.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017</ref> Kamuva ngaphansi kweNkhosi [[Mbandzeni]], kwaniketwa tivumelwano letinyenti tekuhweba, temhlaba kanye netimayini kubahlali base[[w:Britain|Britain]] nemaBhunu.<ref>Colonial Office (1895). ''South Africa: Further Correspondence Respecting the Affairs of Swaziland''. Eyre and Spottiswoode</ref> Loku kwaholela ekulahlekeni kwaleminye imhlaba kubahlali baseSouth African Republic. Umphumela waba kutsi bantfu labanyenti bemaSwati bagcina bahlala ngaphandle kweEswatini, eNingizimu Afrika. I[[Pretoria Convention]] yekulungisa indzaba yeTransvaal yanga-1881 yakubona kutimela kweEswatini futsi yachaza imingcele yaso. INgwenyama akazange abe ngumusayini walesivumelwano, futsi emaSwati atsi indzawo yawo ifinyelela macala onkhe kusukela kulombuso wanamuhla. IBritain yatsatsa ligunya phezu kweEswatini nga-1903, futsi kutimela kwaphindze kwatfolwa nga-1968. Lamuhla, emaSwati ahlala eEswatini naseNingizimu Afrika. Bantfu baseNingizimu Afrika labadabuka kumaSwati bavame kubonakala ngekutsi bakhuluma siSwati, noma lulwimi lolusondzelene naso. Kukhona futsi emaSwati lamanyenti latfutsele eNingizimu Afrika nase[[United Kingdom]]. Linani lemaSwati eNingizimu Afrika likhulu kancane kunelaseEswatini, lapho kunebantfu labangaba ngu-1.2 million. EEswatini yanamuhla, bantfu bemaSwati bafaka ekhatsi bonkhe takhamuti taseEswatini kungakhatsaliseki kutsi bavela kuliphi licembu. ==Bunjalo bemaSwati== Emakhosi aseEswatini asukela emuva esikhatsini lapho umugca webukhosi beDlamini wawuhlala endzaweni lesedvute ne[[Delagoa Bay]]. Sive semaSwati ekucaleni sakhiwa ngemindeni leli-17 leyatiwa ngekutsi ''bemdzabuko'' ("emaSwati elicinisile"),<ref name="auti">Matsebula, J.S.M.(1988). ''A History of Swaziland'', Longman. 3rd edition. ISBN 0582031672. Page 21</ref> leyahamba nemakhosi akaDlamini emaLangeni ekucala. Lemindeni leli-17 yekusungula bekungemaDlamini, Nhlabathi, Hlophe, Kunene, Mabuza, Madvonsela, Mamba, Matsebula, Mdluli, Motsa, Ngwenya, Shongwe, Sukati, Tsabedze, Tfwala, Mbokane kanye naZwane.<ref name="auti"/> Eminye imindeni yemaSwati yatiwa ngekutsi ''Emakhandzambili'' ("labo labatfolwa ngaphambili", sibonelo Gamedze, Fakudze, Ngcamphalala kanye naMagagula), lokusho kutsi beyivele ikhona kulelive ngaphambi kwekufika nekuhlasela kwemaDlamini. ''Emafikemuva'' ("labo labafika ngemuva") ngulabo labajoyina umbuso ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.<ref>Matsebula, JSM (1988). page 21-22</ref> ==Lisiko== [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6335777785).jpg| thumb]] [[File:Eswatini reed dance ceremony Young maidens observing the Eswatini traditional reed dance ceremony.jpg|thumb |Tingabisa kumgubho weNcwala nga-2025]] Kudansa nekucula, lokufaka ekhatsi tingoma tekudvumisa, kubalulekile kakhulu emasikweni emaSwati. Kwenta luphala kanye nekubaza bekungemasiko lamancane.Umshado wesintfu wemaSwati ubitwa ngekutsi ''umtsimba''; uvamise kwenteka ngemphelasontfo ngenkhatsi yesomiso, kusukela ngaJune kuya kuAugust. Umakoti kanye netihlobo takhe baya ekhaya lemkhwenyana ngeLesihlanu ntsambama. NgeMgcibelo ekuseni, licembu lemakoti lihlala ngasemfuleni lisedvute futsi lidle inyama yembuzi noma yenkomo leniketwa ngumndeni wemkhwenyana; ntsambama, badansa ekhaya lemkhwenyana. NgeLisontfo ekuseni, umakoti, kanye netihlobo takhe letingumake, ugwaza umhlaba ngesikhali sekulwa esibayeni semfuyo semkhwenyana; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ugcotjwa ngeludaka lolubovu. Lokugcotjwa ngiko lokuba ngumvutfu wencenye lemcoka yemshado: kute umuntfu wesifazane longagcotjwa kabili. Umakoti unika umyeni wakhe netihlobo takhe tipho.<ref>''Swaziland National Trust Commission - Cultural Resources – Swazi Culture'', SNTC.org.sz. Accessed 27 August 2017</ref> [[Umhlanga]] ngileminye yemikhosi yemasiko leyatiwa kakhulu eEswatini, lowenteka ngaAugust/September njalo ngemnyaka lapho khona emantfombatana lasengakashadi akhokha khona inhlonipho kuNdlovukati. [[Incwala]] ngulomunye umcimbi wemasiko wemaSwati lowenteka ngaDecember/January, kuye ngetigaba tenyanga. Lomcimbi, lobitwa nangekutsi "Umkhosi Wemivuno Yekucala", ukhombisa iNkhosi sivuno lesisha emnyakeni.<ref>''CULTURAL RESOURCES: Swazi Culture The Incwala or Kingship Ceremony'' SNTC.org.sz, Accessed 22 November 2013</ref> ==Inkholo== Inkholo yesintfu yemaSwati yemukela Nkulunkulu lomkhulu/uMdali njengobe anjalo, kantsi bokhokho bayahlonishwa. Inkholo yemaSwati isekelwe kuMdali lowatiwa ngekutsi nguMvelincanti ("lowayekhona kusukela ekucaleni"). EmaSwati lamanyenti ahlanganisa lenkholelo nebu[[Khristu]] besimanje, lobaletselwa bashumayeli. Labanyenti bachubeka nekulandzela tinkholelo tabo tesintfu temoya. Imikhuba yetenkholo yentiwa ezingeni lemndeni futsi ihlobene nekutalwa, kufa kanye nemshado.<ref>Kasenene, Peter (1992): ''Religion in Swaziland''. South Africa, ABC-CLIO, Page 384. ISBN 0313032254</ref> ==Buka futsi== * [[Umtsimba]] – umcimbi wemshado ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} e7gqqp414tbyb4wq595upq0t30xv36l 43201 43200 2026-09-30T18:34:55Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Bunjalo bemaSwati */ 43201 wikitext text/x-wiki '''EmaSwati''' noma '''emaSwazi''' (munye: ''Liswati'') ngema[[Bantu]] ladvabuka e[[Ningizimu Afrika]], labahlala e[[Swatini]] kanye nasesifundzeni sase[[Mpumalanga]] eNingizimu Afrika. EmaSwati ayincenye yetive letikhuluma tilwimi tema[[Nguni]], letinemvelaphi yase e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], lapho kutfolakala khona emasiko, tinkholelo kanye nemikhuba yemasiko lefananako. [[File:Traditional Swazi Wedding Procession.jpg|thumb|Emaswati]] [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6336545968).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Lifulegi lemaSwati]] EmaSwati kanye ne[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso we-Eswatini]] lamuhla batfola emagama abo kuNkhosi [[Mswati II]], lowaba yinkhosi nga-1839 ngemuva kwekushona kweyise, iNkhosi [[Sobhuza I]]. Eswatini bantfu bekucala kuhlala ema[[San people|San]], kantsi emaSwati lamuhla asuka enyakatho ye[[Mpumalanga Afrika]], andlula e[[Mozambiki]], azenayofika lapho khona namuhla kuyiEswatini ngeminyaka yabo-1500. Umugca webukhosi babo ungalandzelwa emuva enkhosini leyatiwa ngekutsi ngu[[Dlamini I]]; leli kuseyilo ligama lemndeni webukhosi. Cishe tincenye letintsatfu kulamane temacembu emindeni ngema[[Nguni]]; letinye tingema[[Sotho]], ema[[Tsonga]], labanye bantfu base[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] kanye netitukulwane temaSan. Lamacembu ashade futsi ahlangana ngekukhululeka. BuSwati bufaka ekhatsi bonkhe labo labetsembekile kulababusi lababili, [[Ingwenyama]] (inkhosi) kanye ne[[Indlovukati]] (make wenkhosi). Lulwimi lolukhulu Siswati kanye [[Emasiko Emaswati]] nelisiko lemaSwati ngiko lokuhlanganisa Emaswati abe sive. ==Umlandvo== [[File:Swazi Warriors.jpg|thumb|Emadvuna emaSwati emcimbini we-Incwala]] Emaswati bantfu labadvabuka eNingizimu Afrika. Ligama ''bakaNgwane'' ("bantfu baNgwane") belisetjentiswa njengalelinye ligama lelisho Emaswati. Emaswati adzabuka kuma-[[Nguni]]. Kodvwa labanye bantfu bemaSwati bavela emindenini yema[[Sotho]] leyayihlala e[[Swatini]]. Ngaphansi kwembuso wa[[Dlamini III]], lowatsatsa bukhosi kuMaseko, kwaba nekusungulwa kwendzawo yekuhlala nga-1750 ngase[[Umfula iPongola|Mfuleni iPongola]] lapho kuncamula khona [[Tintsaba teLubombo]]. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, bahamba baya endzaweni lekungumfula iPongola, lebeyisedvute nebantfu baka[[Ndwandwe]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120917000000/http://www.sntc.org.sz/ Terence Sibiya's Swaziland pages, Swazi People], 17 September 2012. Accessed 15 September 2013</ref> Lowalandzela Dlamini III kwakungu[[Ngwane III]], lotsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yeEswatini yalamuhla. Wabusa cishe kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780 esifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]] eEswatini.<ref name="auto"/> Nga-1815, [[Sobhuza I]] waba yinkhosi yaseEswatini futsi waba nencenye lebalulekile ekwakheni emandla Emaswati.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Swazi house.jpg|thumb| Umfanekiso wendlu yemaSwati [[eMsamo weSwatini, Lobamba]]]] [[File:Swazi home.jpg|thumb]] Ngaphansi kwaSobhuza I, Emaswati achubeka nekwandzisa indzawo yawo ngekuncoba ticucu letinyenti temacembu lamancane ema[[Sotho]] nema[[Nguni]], akha umbuso lomkhulu lowatiwa lamuhla ngekutsi ngu[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso weSwatini]]. Kubusa kwaSobhuza I kwenteka ngesikhatsi se[[Mfecane]]. Ngaphansi kwekubusa kwaSobhuza, bantfu bemaNguni nemaSotho kanye nemaSan labasala bahlanganiswa baba sive semaSwati. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sakhe lapho imincele yalamuhla yeEswatini yaba ngaphansi kwekubusa kwemakhosi akaDlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yabo-1830, kwaba nekucala kwekutsintsana nema[[Bhunu]], labebahlala etindzaweni letagcine taba yi[[Ningizimu Afrika]].<ref name="auto"/> Incenye lenkhulu yendzawo yemaSwati yaniketwa emaBhunu aseTransvaal, labahlala endzaweni yase[[w:Lydenburg|Lydenburg]] ngeminyaka yabo-1840. Indzawo yaseSwatini kanye nenkhosi yayo, [[Mswati II]], yavunywa ngemaBhunu kanye nema[[Ngisi]]. Kwaba ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwaMswati II lapho sive semaSwati sahlanganiswa khona saba nemandla. Emuva kwaloko, ligama lelitsi "Swati" lagcina lisetjentiswa kubo bonkhe bantfu lababetsembekile kuIngwenyama.<ref name="auto">''Culture of Swaziland – history, people, women, beliefs, food, family, social, dress, marriage''. Everyculture.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017</ref> Kamuva ngaphansi kweNkhosi [[Mbandzeni]], kwaniketwa tivumelwano letinyenti tekuhweba, temhlaba kanye netimayini kubahlali base[[w:Britain|Britain]] nemaBhunu.<ref>Colonial Office (1895). ''South Africa: Further Correspondence Respecting the Affairs of Swaziland''. Eyre and Spottiswoode</ref> Loku kwaholela ekulahlekeni kwaleminye imhlaba kubahlali baseSouth African Republic. Umphumela waba kutsi bantfu labanyenti bemaSwati bagcina bahlala ngaphandle kweEswatini, eNingizimu Afrika. I[[Pretoria Convention]] yekulungisa indzaba yeTransvaal yanga-1881 yakubona kutimela kweEswatini futsi yachaza imingcele yaso. INgwenyama akazange abe ngumusayini walesivumelwano, futsi emaSwati atsi indzawo yawo ifinyelela macala onkhe kusukela kulombuso wanamuhla. IBritain yatsatsa ligunya phezu kweEswatini nga-1903, futsi kutimela kwaphindze kwatfolwa nga-1968. Lamuhla, emaSwati ahlala eEswatini naseNingizimu Afrika. Bantfu baseNingizimu Afrika labadabuka kumaSwati bavame kubonakala ngekutsi bakhuluma siSwati, noma lulwimi lolusondzelene naso. Kukhona futsi emaSwati lamanyenti latfutsele eNingizimu Afrika nase[[United Kingdom]]. Linani lemaSwati eNingizimu Afrika likhulu kancane kunelaseEswatini, lapho kunebantfu labangaba ngu-1.2 million. EEswatini yanamuhla, bantfu bemaSwati bafaka ekhatsi bonkhe takhamuti taseEswatini kungakhatsaliseki kutsi bavela kuliphi licembu. ==Bunjalo bemaSwati== Emakhosi aseEswatini asukela emuva esikhatsini lapho umugca webukhosi beDlamini wawuhlala endzaweni lesedvute ne[[Maputo]]. Sive semaSwati ekucaleni sakhiwa ngemindeni leli-17 leyatiwa ngekutsi ''bemdzabuko'' ("emaSwati elicinisile"),<ref name="auti">Matsebula, J.S.M.(1988). ''A History of Swaziland'', Longman. 3rd edition. ISBN 0582031672. Page 21</ref> leyahamba nemakhosi akaDlamini emaLangeni ekucala. Lemindeni leli-17 yekusungula bekungemaDlamini, Nhlabathi, Hlophe, Kunene, Mabuza, Madvonsela, Mamba, Matsebula, Mdluli, Motsa, Ngwenya, Shongwe, Sukati, Tsabedze, Tfwala, Mbokane kanye naZwane.<ref name="auti"/> Eminye imindeni yemaSwati yatiwa ngekutsi ''Emakhandzambili'' ("labo labatfolwa ngaphambili", sibonelo Gamedze, Fakudze, Ngcamphalala kanye naMagagula), lokusho kutsi beyivele ikhona kulelive ngaphambi kwekufika nekuhlasela kwemaDlamini. ''Emafikemuva'' ("labo labafika ngemuva") ngulabo labajoyina umbuso ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.<ref>Matsebula, JSM (1988). page 21-22</ref> ==Lisiko== [[File:Swazi dancers in Eswatini (6335777785).jpg| thumb]] [[File:Eswatini reed dance ceremony Young maidens observing the Eswatini traditional reed dance ceremony.jpg|thumb |Tingabisa kumgubho weNcwala nga-2025]] Kudansa nekucula, lokufaka ekhatsi tingoma tekudvumisa, kubalulekile kakhulu emasikweni emaSwati. Kwenta luphala kanye nekubaza bekungemasiko lamancane.Umshado wesintfu wemaSwati ubitwa ngekutsi ''umtsimba''; uvamise kwenteka ngemphelasontfo ngenkhatsi yesomiso, kusukela ngaJune kuya kuAugust. Umakoti kanye netihlobo takhe baya ekhaya lemkhwenyana ngeLesihlanu ntsambama. NgeMgcibelo ekuseni, licembu lemakoti lihlala ngasemfuleni lisedvute futsi lidle inyama yembuzi noma yenkomo leniketwa ngumndeni wemkhwenyana; ntsambama, badansa ekhaya lemkhwenyana. NgeLisontfo ekuseni, umakoti, kanye netihlobo takhe letingumake, ugwaza umhlaba ngesikhali sekulwa esibayeni semfuyo semkhwenyana; ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi ugcotjwa ngeludaka lolubovu. Lokugcotjwa ngiko lokuba ngumvutfu wencenye lemcoka yemshado: kute umuntfu wesifazane longagcotjwa kabili. Umakoti unika umyeni wakhe netihlobo takhe tipho.<ref>''Swaziland National Trust Commission - Cultural Resources – Swazi Culture'', SNTC.org.sz. Accessed 27 August 2017</ref> [[Umhlanga]] ngileminye yemikhosi yemasiko leyatiwa kakhulu eEswatini, lowenteka ngaAugust/September njalo ngemnyaka lapho khona emantfombatana lasengakashadi akhokha khona inhlonipho kuNdlovukati. [[Incwala]] ngulomunye umcimbi wemasiko wemaSwati lowenteka ngaDecember/January, kuye ngetigaba tenyanga. Lomcimbi, lobitwa nangekutsi "Umkhosi Wemivuno Yekucala", ukhombisa iNkhosi sivuno lesisha emnyakeni.<ref>''CULTURAL RESOURCES: Swazi Culture The Incwala or Kingship Ceremony'' SNTC.org.sz, Accessed 22 November 2013</ref> ==Inkholo== Inkholo yesintfu yemaSwati yemukela Nkulunkulu lomkhulu/uMdali njengobe anjalo, kantsi bokhokho bayahlonishwa. Inkholo yemaSwati isekelwe kuMdali lowatiwa ngekutsi nguMvelincanti ("lowayekhona kusukela ekucaleni"). EmaSwati lamanyenti ahlanganisa lenkholelo nebu[[Khristu]] besimanje, lobaletselwa bashumayeli. Labanyenti bachubeka nekulandzela tinkholelo tabo tesintfu temoya. Imikhuba yetenkholo yentiwa ezingeni lemndeni futsi ihlobene nekutalwa, kufa kanye nemshado.<ref>Kasenene, Peter (1992): ''Religion in Swaziland''. South Africa, ABC-CLIO, Page 384. ISBN 0313032254</ref> ==Buka futsi== * [[Umtsimba]] – umcimbi wemshado ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 2rwg017g2d4ht3z2v7k0oo5t26yt66l 0 6971 43211 43046 2026-09-30T20:15:28Z ZS Khumalo 9375 43211 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mpumalanga Afrika''' (leyatiwa futsi ngekutsi yi-'''Afrika leseMpumalanga''', '''eMpumalanga yeAfrika''' nobe ngesi[[Ngisi]] i'''[[:en:East Africa|East Africa]]''') sifundza lesiseceleni empumalanga ye[[Livekati laseAfrika|livekati laseAfrika]].<ref name="auto">''United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)''. un.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2008.</ref> [[File:Map of East Africa Countries.svg|thumb|Imephu yemave lafakwa eMpumalanga yeAfrika]] Emave langaphansi kweMpumalanga Afrika angu-18, kufaka ekhatsi li[[Phondvo leAfrika]] enyakatfo, iGreat Lakes Afrika, lugu lweLwandlekati i-Indian Ocean empumalanga, kanye neAfrika leseNingizimu-mpumalanga eningizimu.<ref name="auto"/> [[File:Regions of the African Union.svg|thumb |Tifundza taseAfrika]] Kwakheka kwelive leMpumalanga yeAfrika kuyehluka, netindzawo taselugwini letikhuphukela etindzaweni letiphakeme naletipholile, lapho kuvame kutfolakala khona emadolobha lanebantfu labanyenti. Simo selitulu kulesifundza sivame kwehluka kulesivamile etindzaweni letisedvute nenkabave, njengoba linengi laletindzawo lelisemkhatsini wekushisa lilimeka, kantsi umswakamo uyandza nawuchubeka uye eningizimu. Lesifundza sivame kuhlaselwa tiphepho letinkulu letivela eLwandlekati lwaseNyakatfo ye-iIndian Ocean neliPhondvo leAfrika, kanye netiphepho letivela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean eningizimu. Kwehlukahlukana lokukhulu kwesimo selitulu kwenta lesifundza sibe sengotini yesomiso kanye netikhatsi tetikhukhula, lokwatsi ngabo ma-1900 kwaholela ekuswelakaleni kwekudla kanye nekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngenca yesimo selitulu.<ref>''East Africa: Confronting climate migration in drought-hit areas'', www.preventionweb.net. 9 April 2026. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> Ngokwemlando, lesifundza seMpumalanga Afrika sicatjangwa njengendzawo yemvelaphi yebantfu, njengekukhomba kwebufalazi lobatfolakala entsabananeni i-Rift. Bantfu bakulesifundza bebabuswa kakhulu kwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesi[[Bantu]] kuya kulesifundza eminyakeni lengaba ngu-2 500 kuya ku-3 000 leyengcile. Esikhatsini sangaphambilini, buhlobo bekuhweba nemaArabhu labehamba ngemikhumbi bemikhumbi enyakatfo kanye nase[[Ndiya]] empumalanga baholela ekuhlanganeni kwemasiko etindzaweni taselugwini. Loku kwaholela ekwakhekeni kwesifundza sekuhwebelana e[[gwini laseSwahili]], lapho kwavela khona lulwimi lwesi[[Swahili]], lolunemagama labolekwe kusiArabhu nakulamanye etilwimi letasetjentiswa kulesifundza sekutsengiselana. Emlandvweni wamanje, ngemuva kwekuhlolwa kwelive ngebalumbi, kwasungulwa emakoloni ema[[Putukezi]], kwalandzela emakoloni ema[[Ngisi]] nawema[[Jalimane]] kulesifundza. Kusukela ekutfoleni kwenkhululeko ngemuva kwekubuswa ngemakoloni, lesifundza sikhule saba yindzawo lenebantfu labanyenti, njengoba silinganiselo sanga-2017 sasikhombisa bantfu labangetulu kwe-537,9 tinkhulu (million).<ref>''The World Factbook – Population''. CIA. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017</ref> I[[Tanzania]], i[[Kenya]] kanye ne[[Ethiopia]] ngulamanye emave lanemnotfo lomkhulu kulesifundza. Emaveni lamanyenti, bantfu labanyenti basahlala etindzaweni tasemakhaya futsi basebenta kulima. Noko-ke, umnotfo waseMpumalanga Afrika njengamanje uyakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunaleyo yaletinye tincenye te[[Afrika]], ngesilinganiso sekukhula lesingu6%. I[[Rwanda]], i-[[Uganda]], iKenya kanye neTanzania ngulamanye emave lakhula ngesivinini lesikhulu kunalamanye.<ref>''Eastern Africa outpaces continent in growth, but economic divergence clouds integration'', United Nations Economic Commission for Africa". www.uneca.org. Retrieved 14 May 2026</ref> ==Tinchazelo== Ngekwenchazelo lefinyetiwe, ikakhulukati ngelulwimi lwesi[[Ngisi]], iMpumalanga Afrika kukhulunywa ngendzawo lefaka ekhatsi iKenya, iTanzania kanye ne-Uganda. Loku kubangelwa kakhulu ngumlando wawo wekuphatfwa ngemaNgisi kanye nekubambisana kwetikhungo salesifundza saseMpumalanga yeAfrika.<ref>Maxon, Robert M. (2009). ''East Africa''. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN 978-1-933202-46-4. OCLC 318191973.</ref> Ngekwandzisa lenchazelo, liPhondvo leAfrika lefaka ekhatsi i[[Djibouti]], i-[[Eritrea]], i-[[Ethiopia]] kanye ne[[Somalia]] -ibonakala njengendzawo lehlukile yetepolitiki ngekhatsi kweMpumalanga Afrika.<ref>Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara'', Second Edition: Title: ''A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guildford Press; 2004), p. 26</ref><ref>''IRIN — Horn of Africa''. IRINnews. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2008</ref> Umphakatsi weMpumalanga Afrika, longumfelandzawonye wetemnotfo netepolitiki, njengamanje ufaka ekhatsi i[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], i[[Somalia]], i[[Burundi]], i[[Kenya]], i[[Rwanda]], i[[South Sudan]], i-[[Uganda]] kanye ne[[Tanzania]].<ref>''East African Community continues on a trajectory of expansion as Summit admits Somalia into the bloc''. Eac.int. 25 November 2023</ref> Lesifundza se[[Great Lakes Afrika]] sihlangana kakhulu nalawa mave.<ref>''Somaliland profile''. BBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref><ref>''Puntland profile''. BBC News. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2024.</ref> Eduvute naletindzawo tasemhlabeni lomkhulu kukhona emave netindzawo letifaka ekhatsi i[[Comoros]], i[[Mauritius]], i[[Seychelles]], i[[Réunion]], i[[Mayotte]] kanye naletinye letisakatekile eLwandlekati iIndian Ocean.<ref>Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). ''Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa''. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-58112-000-4.</ref> Tindzawo letifaka tincenye te[[Mozambiki]] kanye ne[[Madagascar]], letivame kuhlanganiswa ne[[Afrika leseNingizimu]], tibuye tibe nebuhlobo lobukhulu bemlandvo nemasiko neMpumalanga Afrika, ikakhulukati ngetindlela tekuhweba letasetjentiswa eLwandlekati lweIndian Ocean.<ref>''East Africa Regional Overview''. African Development Bank: Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2023</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa region''. 17 August 2017</ref> I[[Sudan]] nayo ngalesinye sikhatsi ifakwa kulesifundza, ngenca yekutsi iyincenye yesifundza saseMpumalanga ngekwesakhiwo se[[African Union]], futsi ililunga le[[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA), leyindzawo yekutsengiselana ngekukhululeka.<ref>''Strengthening Popular Participation in the African Union'' (PDF). p. 62. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2013.</ref><ref>''Eastern Africa Power Pool'' (PDF). EAPP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2014.</ref> ==Umlandvo== ===Umlandvo wakadzeni=== [[File:Bienvenida al Museo de Lucy.jpg|thumb|Kwakhiwa kabusha kwemfanekiso wemfati webantfu bekucala lobitwa ngekutsi i-''Australopithecus afarensis'' ngekwesayensi]] Ngekwemininingwane yelufuto kanye nemivubukulo, kucatjangwa kutsi i-''Homo sapiens'' yasendvulo yaguqukela ekubeni bantfu besimanje labanesakhiwo semtimba lesifana nesalamuhla e[[Phondvweni leAfrika]] cishe eminyakeni lengu-200 000 leyengcile, yabe seyisakateka kusukela lapho.<ref>Ghirotto S; Penso-Dolfin L; Barbujani G (August 2011). "Genomic Although this is now discredited with new finds at Jebel irhoud and apidima Greece where evidence for an African expansion of anatomically modern humans by a Southern route". Human Biology. 83 (4): 477–89. doi:10.3378/027.083.0403. PMID 21846205. S2CID 17344813. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2019. Data on cranial morphology have been interpreted as suggesting that, before the main expansion from Africa through the Near East, anatomically modern humans may also have taken a Southern route from the Horn of Africa through the Arabian peninsula to India, Melanesia and Australia, about 100,000 yrs ago.</ref><ref>Mellars, P; KC, Gori; M, Carr; PA, Soares; Richards, MB (June 2013). "Genetic and archaeological perspectives on the initial modern human colonization of southern Asia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110 (26): 10699–704. Bibcode:2013PNAS..11010699M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1306043110. PMC 3696785. PMID 23754394. These data support a coastally oriented dispersal of modern humans from eastern Africa to southern Asia ~60-50 thousand years ago (ka). This was associated with distinctively African microlithic and "backed-segment" technologies analogous to the African "Howiesons Poort" and related technologies, together with a range of distinctively "modern" cultural and symbolic features (highly shaped bone tools, personal ornaments, abstract artistic motifs, microblade technology, etc.), similar to those that accompanied the replacement of "archaic" Neanderthal by anatomically modern human populations in other regions of western Eurasia at a broadly similar date.</ref> Kwamukelwa kwe-''Homo sapiens idaltu'' kanye ne-''Omo Kibish'' njengabantfu besimanje labanesakhiwo semtimba lesifana nesalamuhla kungasekela kuchazwa kwebantfu banamuhla ngekusebentisa ligama lelitsi ''Homo sapiens sapiens''. Ngetizatfu tekutsi bavela kadzeni kanye nangebunjalo bemitimba yabo lobungajwayelekile, ''idaltu'' kanye ne-''Kibish'' bamele bokhokho labasondzelene kakhulu nebantfu besimanje, njengobe kuphakanyiswa yimfundziso ye[[Umbono wekwekutsi Bantfu Bonkhe Bavela eAfrika]], lebitwa ngukutsi ''[[:en:Recent African origin of modern humans| 'Out-of-Africa theory]]'' ngesiNgisi.<ref>White, Tim D.; Asfaw, B.; DeGusta, D.; Gilbert, H.; Richards, G. D.; Suwa, G.; Howell, F. C. (2003), ''Pleistocene Homo sapiens from Middle Awash, Ethiopia'', Nature, 423 (6491): 742–747, Bibcode:2003Natur.423..742W, doi:10.1038/nature01669, PMID 12802332, S2CID 4432091</ref> <ref>''Meet the Contenders for Earliest Modern Human''. Smithsonian. 11 January 2012. Archived from the original on 2 June 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016.</ref><ref>Fleagle, John G.; Brown, Francis H.; McDougall, Ian (17 February 2005). ''Stratigraphic placement and age of modern humans from Kibish, Ethiopia''. Nature. 433 (7027): 733–736. Bibcode:2005Natur.433..733M. doi:10.1038/nature03258. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 15716951. S2CID 1454595.</ref><ref>Hammond, Ashley S.; Royer, Danielle F.; Fleagle, John G. (July 2017). ''The Omo-Kibish I pelvis''. Journal of Human Evolution. 108: 199–219. Bibcode:2017JHumE.108..199H. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.04.004. ISSN 1095-8606. PMID 28552208.</ref> [[File:Red Sea2.png|thumb |iBab-el-Mandeb eLwandle Lolubovu: lamuhla inebubanti lobungaba ngu19 km, kantsi kadzeni beyincane kakhulu.]] Nga-2017, kutfolakala kwetinsalela tebantfu besimanje eJebel Irhoud eMorocco, letineminyaka lengaba ngu-300 000, kwaphakamisa kutsi bantfu besimanje bavela kadzeni kakhulu futsi mhlawumbe endzaweni lenkhulu ye-Afrika kunaloko bekucatjangwa ngaphambilini.<ref>Gibbons, Ann (7 June 2017).''World's oldest Homo sapiens fossils found in Morocco''. Science. doi:10.1126/science.356.6342.993. Archived from the original on 3 September 2021. Retrieved 8 June 2017.</ref> I[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] ingulesinye setifundza tekucala lapho kutfolakala kutsi kwahlala khona i-''Homo sapiens''. Ngo-2018, e-Olorgesailie eKenya kwatfolakala bufakazi lobabhalwa eminyakeni lengaba ngu-320 000 leyengcile, lobukhombisa kuvela kwasekucaleni kwetindlela tekutiphatsa letihambisana nebantfu besimanje. Loku bekufaka ekhatsi tindlela tekutsengiselana ngebucalu lobudze, letatifaka ekhatsi tintfo letifana ne-obsidian, kusetjentiswa kwetintfo letinemibala, kantsi kungenteka nekwakhiwa kwemikhonto.<ref>Chatterjee, Rhitu (15 March 2018). ''Scientists Are Amazed By Stone Age Tools They Dug Up in Kenya''. NPR. Archived from the original on 15 March 2018. Retrieved 15 March 2018.</ref><ref>Yong, Ed (15 March 2018). ''A Cultural Leap at the Dawn of Humanity — New finds from Kenya suggest that humans used long-distance trade networks, sophisticated tools, and symbolic pigments right from the dawn of our species''. The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 17 November 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2018.</ref><ref>Brooks AS, Yellen JE, Potts R, Behrensmeyer AK, Deino AL, Leslie DE, Ambrose SH, Ferguson JR, d'Errico F, Zipkin AM, Whittaker S, Post J, Veatch EG, Foecke K, Clark JB (2018). ''Long-distance stone transport and pigment use in the earliest Middle Stone Age''. Science. 360 (6384): 90–94. Bibcode:2018Sci...360...90B. doi:10.1126/science.aao2646. PMID 29545508.</ref> NgeInyoni ya2019, bososayensi babika kutsi basebentisa emasikena elihlobo leCT langu-260 kute batfole ngekhompyutha luhlobo lwelugebhezi lolungelolo lwangempela, lolwalumele ukhokho wekugcina lobahlanganyelwa bantfu besimanje kanye ne-''Homo sapiens''. Baphakamisa kutsi i-''Homo sapiens'' yavela emkhatsini weminyaka lengu-350 000 kanye ne-260 000 leyengcile, ngekuhlangana kwemiphakatsi yaseNingizimu neMpumalanga ye-Afrika.<ref>Zimmer, Carl (10 September 2019). ''Scientists Find the Skull of Humanity's Ancestor — on a Computer – By comparing fossils and CT scans, researchers say they have reconstructed the skull of the last common forebear of modern humans''. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2019.</ref><ref>Mounier, Aurélien; Lahr, Marta (2019). ''Deciphering African late middle Pleistocene hominin diversity and the origin of our species''. Nature Communications. 10 (1): 3406. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.3406M. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11213-w. PMC 6736881. PMID 31506422.</ref> Indlela yekutfutseleka kwebantfu ngekwemfundziso ye-''Out of Africa'' kungenteka yendlula eMpumalanga ye-Afrika ngeBab-el-Mandeb. Lamuhla, eBab-el-Mandeb, Lwandle Lolubovu lunebubanti lobungemamayela langu-12 (19 km), kantsi eminyakeni lengu-50 000 leyengcile beluncane kakhulu, futsi lizinga lemawole beliphansi ngemamitha langu-70. Nanobe letindzawo tekuwela tingazange tivale ngalokuphelele, kungenteka bekukhona tichingi emkhatsini wato lebetingafinyelelwa ngekusebentisa tikebhe letincane. [[File:Hadzabe.jpg|thumb|Bantfu bemaHadzebe bayimvelo yebantfu baseTanzania lababehlala khona ngaphambi kwekwandza kwemiphakatsi lesebentisa tilwimi tesiBantu, lebebatingeli futsi babutsa kudla.]] Letinye tetinsalela tematsambo etinyanya tebantfu letindzala kakhulu titfolakele kulesifundza lesibanti, lokufaka ekhatsi tinsalela letatfolakala eSigodzini sase-Awash e-Ethiopia, eKoobi Fora eKenya kanye nase-Olduvai Gorge eTanzania. Incenye leseningizimu yeMpumalanga Afrika beyihlala bantfu bemaKhoisan labebatingela futsi babutsa kudla kwaze kwaba tikhatsi takamuva. Kulesinye sandla, etindzaweni letiphakeme tase-Ethiopia, imbongolo kanye netitjalo letifana ne-teff kwenta kutsi kulima kucale nga-7000 BCE.<ref>Diamond, Jared; ''Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fate of Human Societies''; p. 103; ISBN 0-393-03891-2</ref> Noko-ke, tivimbelo tasematsafeni kanye netifo letatfwala yimpukane ye-tsetse tavimbela imbongolo kanye nekulima kutsi kusakatekele eningizimu. Kusemashumini eminyaka lamasikati kuphela lapho kulima kwasakateka khona etindzaweni letinemsamuko eningizimu yenkabave, ngekusakateka kwetinkhomo, timvu kanye netitjalo letifana nemabele. Kusatjalaliswa kwetilwimi kukhombisa kutsi loku kungenteka kwasuka eSudan kwaya esifundzeni seGreat Lakes Afrika, ngenca yekutsi tilwimi teNilotic lebetikhulunywa ngulaba balimi bangaphambi kwekwandza kwemaBantu tinetihlobo letisondzelene kakhulu netilwimi letikhulunywa esigodzini lesisemkhatsini seNayile. [[File:Relief of Hatshepsut's expedition to the Land of Punt by Σταύρος.jpg|thumb| Emasotja ase[[Gibhithe]] aphetse emagatja etihlahla nemazembe eluhambeni lwekuhweba oluya ePunt]] I-Djibouti, i-Eritrea, i-Ethiopia, iSomalia kanye nelugu lweLwandle Lelibovu eSudan tibukwa njengetindzawo letingaba khona kakhulu telive lebelatiwa ngemaGibhithe akadzeni ngekutsi yiPunt.<ref>Andebrhan Welde Giorgis (2014). ''Eritrea at a Crossroads: A Narrative of Triumph, Betrayal and Hope''. Strategic Book Publishing. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-62857-331-2. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2015.</ref> Kukhetsa kwekucala kwalelive embhalweni wasembusweni wakadzeni waseGibhithe kubhalwe cishe ngelikhulu lama-25 BCE.<ref>Najovits, Simson (2004) ''Egypt, trunk of the tree'', Volume 2, Algora Publishing, p. 258, ISBN 087586256X.</ref> Bantfu basePunt bakadzeni bebaluhlobo lolusedvute neGibhithe lebeyibuswa boFaro ngesikhatsi saFaro Sahure kanye neNdlovukazi Hatshepsut. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} dz79dp18xy8ry0alm8myyzn3urvf01p 0 6977 43214 43191 2026-10-01T01:26:47Z InternetArchiveBot 6884 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 43214 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Wedding_in_New_Orleans,_November_11,_2017.jpg|thumb|Emadvodza lamabili ashada, atungeletwe ngumcimbi wemshado, eNew Orleans, eMelika nga-11 Lweti 2017.]] [[File:Same-sex-marriage-taiwan.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emkhatsini wabomake lababili eTaiwan.]] == Emagama == === Leminye imigomo === [[File:Wedding_cake_of_a_same_sex_marriage.JPG|thumb|Likhekhe lemshado webantfu labatsandzana ngebulili lobufanako]] Labanye labasekela kutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako uvunywe ngalokusemtsetfweni njenge- Marriage Equality USA (leyasungulwa nga-1998), Inkhululeko Yekushada (leyasungulwa nga-2003), Bantfu BaseCanada Bebafuna Umshado Lolinganako, kanye neMshado Wabo Bonkhe BaseJapan basebentisa emagama latsi ''kulingana kwemshado'' kanye nekutsi ''umshado wabo ulinganise'' kubonwa ngesizatfu lesilinganako nemshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile. <ref>VERPOEST, LIEN (2017). "The End of Rhetorics: LGBT policies in Russia and the European Union". ''Studia Diplomatica''. '''68''' (4): 3–20. ISSN&nbsp;0770-2965. JSTOR&nbsp;26531664.</ref>I- Associated Press incoma kutsi kusetjentiswe ''umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako'' kunemshado ''wetikokhoni''. <ref>Williams, CA., ''Roman Homosexuality: Second Edition'', Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 280, p. 284.</ref>Lokunye lokuya elulwimini lolufaka ekhatsi kakhulu kube kushintja kusuka ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako kuya ''ebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako'', futsi ngendlela lefanako ''nemshado webulili lobufanako'' kutsi ungavimbeli bantfu ngabanye ngekhatsi kwebudlelwane ngekutsi bakhetse bulili, njengobe bunjalo bebulili buyinhlobo futsi kuphawula kutsi emagama emlandvo akhipha emalunga e -LGBTQ noma e- transsexual.<ref name=":1">https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/06/26/us/samesex-marriage-landmarks.html</ref> === Kusetjentiswa kweligama lelitsi ''umshado.'' === Bososayensi bebantfu baye balwa kamatima kute batfole inchazelo yemshado letsatsa tintfo letifanako tekwakha kwetenhlalo emasikweni emhlabeni wonkhe. <ref name=":2">https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/06/26/us/samesex-marriage-landmarks.html</ref><ref>https://www.advocate.com/people/2019/3/01/meet-gay-men-whose-1971-marriage-was-finally-recognized</ref>Tincazelo letinyenti letiphakanyisiwe tigcekwe ngekwehluleka kubona kuba khona kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kulamanye emasiko, kufaka ekhatsi lawo ebantfu base-Afrika labangetulu kwa - 30, njengema Kikuyu nemaNuer. <ref>https://archive.storycorps.org/interviews/dda002648/</ref> Njengobe emave lamanyenti abuyeketa imitsetfo yawo yemshado kute abone bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako ngelikhulu lemashumi lamabili nakunye, <ref>https://moms.mn.gov/</ref>tonkhe tichazamagama letinkhulu tesiNgisi tibuyekete inchazelo yato yeligama lelitsi umshado kute tiyekele kucaciswa kwebulili nobe tifake tinchazelo tesibili kute tifake ekhatsi lulwimi lolungatsatsi luhlangotsi ngebulili nobe lulwimi lolucacile. <ref>https://www.koco.com/article/same-sex-oklahoma-couple-marries-legally-under-tribal-law-1/4295748</ref><ref>https://www.coloradodaily.com/2022/06/19/former-boulder-county-clerk-who-issued-first-same-sex-marriage-license-in-1975-dies-at-78/</ref>''Sichazamagama sesiNgisi sase-Oxford'' sesivume umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kusukela nga-2000.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-12-04/gay-marriage-same-sex-partners-can-wed-in-many-countries</ref> Labaphikisa umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako labafuna kutsi umshado ube ngumshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, njenge <ref>https://www.newscientist.com/article/1909235-gay-brains-structured-like-those-of-the-opposite-sex/</ref><ref>https://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/general/2010/10/27/amicus29.pdf</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090419195945/http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/userfiles/Documents/Marriage%20of%20Same-Sex%20Couples%20Position%20Statement%20-%20October%202006%20%281%29.pdf</ref>Lisontfo laJesu Khristu Lebangcwele Bemalanga Ekugcina, Lisontfo LemaKatolika, kanye neSouthern Baptist Convention, basebentisa ligama lelitsi ''umshado wesintfu'' kusho umshado webantfu bebulili lobehlukile.<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7723645.stm</ref> == Umlandvo == === Yasendvulo === Incwadzi yaLevithikhusi beyivimbela kutsandzana nebantfu bebulili lobufanako, futsi emaHebheru icwayiswa kutsi "angalandzeli tento telive laseGibhithe noma tento telive laseKhenani" (Lev. 18:22, 20:13). Kukhulunywa ngemshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kuvela etincwadzini ta Rabbinic letibitwa ngekutsi Sifra, letabhalwa emkhatsini wa-200 kuya ku-300 CE. Le Sifra icacisa loko lekubita ngetento letingacacile, nekutsi bekufaka ekhatsi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako: "Indvodza beyitawushada nendvodza nemfati, umfati, indvodza beyitawushada nemfati nendvodzakati yakhe, bese umfati bekatawushada nemadvodza lamabili."<ref>https://www.rabbinicalassembly.org/sites/default/files/assets/public/halakhah/teshuvot/19912000/roth_homosexual.pdf</ref> Tati letimbalwa tikholelwa kutsi ekucaleni kweMbuso waseRoma labanye bantfu labadvuna labashadene bebagubha imikhosi yemshado yesintfu embikwebangani. Imishado yemadvodza - emadvodza ibikwa yimitfombo lebahlekisako; imiva yalabahlanganyeli ayibhalwa phansi. Imithombo leyehlukahlukene yasendvulo itsi umbusi Nero bekagubha imishado lemibili yemmango nemadvodza, wake watsatsa indzima yamakoti (nemuntfu lokhululekile Pythagoras), futsi wake waba ngumkhwenyana (ne Sporus); kungenteka kutsi bekunesitsatfu lapho abengumakoti khona.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassius_Dio</ref> Ekucaleni kwelikhulu lesitsatfu AD,umbusi Elagabalus kubikwa kutsi bekangumakoti emshadweni wemlingani wakhe lomdvuna. Lamanye emadvodza lavutsiwe esigodlweni sakhe bekanemadvodza, noma atsi anemadvodza alingisa umbusi. Umtsetfo wemaRoma bewungavumi umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna, kepha lesinye sizatfu sekungavumelani lokuvetwe ku Juvenal's satire kutsi kugubha emasiko bekutawuholela ekulindzeleni kutsi imishado lenjalo ibhaliswe ngalokusemtsetfweni.<ref>Williams, ''Roman Homosexuality'', p. 280.</ref> Nje ngoba lombuso bewucala kuba ngemaKhristu ngelikhulu lesi-4,kwacala kuvela imitsetfo levimbela umshado emkhatsini webantfu labadvuna.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Vout</ref> Ngelikhulu lesi-17 eChina, umbhali Li Yu kanye nesazi-sikhulu Shen Defu babhala ngeluhlelo lwemishado yemadvodza esigodzini saseFujian. Lendvodza lendzala kulenyunyana beyitawudlala indzima yebudvodza njenge qixiong noma "umnakabo lomdzala lokhulisako", akhokhe " intsengo yemakoti " emndenini wendvodza lencane bekutsiwa tintfombi tilandza intsengo lephakeme lowaba yi qidi, noma "umnakabo lomncane lokhulisako". Li Yu wachaza lomkhosi, "Abaweci tinkomishi letintsatfu tetiye noma imikhosi lesitfupha yemshado- kufana nje nemshado lofanele ngemshado lohlelekile."<ref>Hinsch, Bret (1990). ''Passions of the cut sleeve: the male homosexual tradition in China''. University of California Press. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>978-0-520-07869-7</bdi>.</ref> === Sikhatsi sinye === [[File:NewlyMarriedCoupleAtCourthouse.jpg|thumb|Labashadile eMinnesota ngemuva nje kwekutsi umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni eMelika, 2015.]] Michael McConnell na Jack Baker<ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":1" />ngulabashadile bekucala bebulili lobufanako emlandvweni wesimanje lobhalwe phansi lowatiwa ngekutfola lilayisensi lemshado, <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StoryCorps</ref> babe nemshado wabo lohloniphekile, lowenteka nga 3 INyoni 1971, eMinnesota, futsi babe nawo lovunywe ngunobe ngumuphi hulumende lovunywe ngumtsetfo. <ref>https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2013/03/how-same-sex-marriage-came-to-be</ref>Tati temlandvo ngetindlela letehlukene tilandzela sicalo semnyakato wesimanje wekusekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma ngukuphi kusuka ngabo 1980 kuya ku 1990. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1989/10/02/world/rights-for-gay-couples-in-denmark.html</ref>Ngesikhatsi seminyaka yabo-1980 eMelika, lubhubhane lwengculazi lwaholela ekutsi <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20090425202254/http://www.moreintelligentlife.com/story/andrew-sullivan-thinking-out-loud</ref>bantfu banake kakhulu tincenye temtsetfo tebudlelwane bebantfu bebulili lobufanako. Andrew Sullivan wenta licala lekucala lemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako encwadzini lenkhulu yaseMelika nga-1989, leyashicilelwa ku- ''The New Republic''. Nga 1989, iDenmark yaba live lekucala lekuvuma ngalokusemtsetfweni budlelwane bebantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako, yasungula kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, lokunikete labo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobufanako "emalungelo lamanyenti ebantfu <ref>https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/same-sex-marriage-around-the-world-1.799137</ref>labashadile, kepha hhayi lilungelo lekutsatsa noma kutfola umntfwana ngekuhlanganyela".<ref>https://apnews.com/article/europe-africa-netherlands-job-cohen-western-europe-e08b053af367028737c9c41c492cc568</ref> <ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/climate-and-people/same-sex-marriage-thailand-mass-wedding-lgbtq/</ref>Nga-2001, Netherlands laba live lekucala lekwandzisa imitsetfo yemshado kute ifake ekhatsi bantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako. Kusukela ngaleso sikhatsi, umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sewusungulwe ngumtsetfo kulamanye emave langu-38, lokufaka ekhatsi emave lamanyenti aseMelika naseNshonalanga Yurophu. Nomakunjalo kusakateka kwayo bekungalingani iNingizimu Afrika ngiyo kuphela live eAfrika lelitsatse lesinyatselo; I-Taiwan ne -Thailand ngito kuphela letiseNingizimu kuya eMpumalanga ye-Asia. Kusukela nga 2026,iBermuda nguyona indzawo yekucala futsi nguyona kuphela emhlabeni wonkhe leyenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi lapho khona loko kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako sekucinywe khona.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/feb/08/bermuda-repeal-same-sex-marriage</ref><ref>https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/bermuda-repeals-same-sex-marriage-in-world-first-move/yn8ve9jpi</ref> == Umugca wesikhatsi == Lelithebula lesifinyeto lelingentasi libala emagunya lawente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni,ngekulandzelana kwetikhatsi. Kusukela nga-2025,emave langu-38 abe semtsetfweni ngendlela letsite.<ref>https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/02/16/this-map-shows-you-where-same-sex-marriage-is-legal-around-the-world-and-theres-a-long-way-to-go/</ref> Emalanga ngulapho imishado emkhatsini webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako yacala kucinisekiswa ngalokusemtsetfweni,noma lapho khona imitsetfo yendzawo yaphasiswa uma imishado beyingakavumeleki ngaphansi kweligunya leliphakeme. {| class="wikitable" !2001 |{{flagicon|Netherlands}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]''' (1 April) |- !2002 | |- !2003 |{{flatlist}} * {{flagicon|Belgium}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Belgium|Belgium]]''' (1 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Ontario|Ontario]] (10 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in British Columbia|British Columbia]] (8 July) {{endflatlist}} |- !2004 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Quebec|Quebec]] (19 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] (17 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Yukon|Yukon]] (14 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Manitoba|Manitoba]] (16 September) * [[Same-sex marriage in Nova Scotia|Nova Scotia]] (24 September) * [[Same-sex marriage in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (5 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland and Labrador]] (21 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2005 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in New Brunswick|New Brunswick]] (23 June) * {{flagicon|Spain}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Spain|Spain]]''' (3 July) * {{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Canada|Canada]]''' [nationwide] (20 July) {{endflatlist}} |- !2006 |{{flagicon|South Africa}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in South Africa|South Africa]]''' (30 November) |- !2007 | |- ! |{{flatlist}} *[[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (June 16, repealed November 5) *[[Same-sex marriage in Connecticut|Connecticut]] (12 November) {{endflatlist}} |- !2009 |{{flatlist}} * {{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Norway|Norway]]''' (1 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Iowa|Iowa]] (27 April) * {{flagicon|Sweden}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Sweden|Sweden]]''' (1 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Coquille Indian Tribe|Coquille Indian Tribe]] (20 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Vermont|Vermont]] (1 September) {{endflatlist}} |- !2010 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]] (1 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in the District of Columbia|District of Columbia]] (3 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico City|Mexican Federal District]] (4 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation|Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation]] (29 April) * {{flagicon|Portugal}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Portugal|Portugal]]''' (5 June) * {{flagicon|Iceland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Iceland|Iceland]]''' (27 June) * {{flagicon|Argentina}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Argentina|Argentina]]''' (22 July) {{endflatlist}} |- !2011 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in New York|New York]] (24 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Suquamish Tribe|Suquamish Tribe]] (1 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in Alagoas|Alagoas]] (7 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2012 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Quintana Roo|Quintana Roo]] (3 May) * {{flagicon|Denmark}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Denmark|Denmark]]''' (15 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Sergipe]] (5 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais]] (11 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Espírito Santo]] (15 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba|Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba]] (10 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Bahia]] (26 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Brazilian Federal District]] (1 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Washington state|Washington]] (6 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe|Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe]] (9 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Piauí]] (15 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Maine|Maine]] (29 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2013 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Maryland|Maryland]] (1 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|São Paulo]] (16 February) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Ceará]] (15 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians|Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians]] (15 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraná]] (26 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Mato Grosso do Sul]] (2 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Rondônia]] (26 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in Santa Catarina|Santa Catarina]] (29 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in Brazil#Statewide|Paraíba]] (29 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians|Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians]] (8 May) * {{flagicon|Brazil}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Brazil|Brazil]]''' [nationwide] (16 May) * {{flagicon|France}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in France|France]]''' (18 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel|Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel]] (24 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in California|California]] (28 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Delaware|Delaware]] (1 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Minnesota|Minnesota]] (1 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] (1 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Portage Band of Chippewa|Grand Portage Band of Chippewa]] (1 August) * {{flagicon|Uruguay}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Uruguay|Uruguay]]''' (5 August) * {{flagicon|New Zealand}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in New Zealand|New Zealand]]''' (19 August) * [[Doña Ana County, New Mexico]] (21 August) * [[Santa Fe County, New Mexico]] (23 August) * [[Bernalillo County, New Mexico]] (26 August) * [[San Miguel County, New Mexico]] (27 August) * [[Valencia County, New Mexico]] (27 August) * [[Taos County, New Mexico]] (28 August) * [[Los Alamos County, New Mexico]] (4 September) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation|Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation]] (5 September) * [[Grant County, New Mexico]] (9 September) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes|Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes]] (18 October<!--3rd license since repeal of DOMA, first public marriage-->) * [[Same-sex marriage in New Jersey|New Jersey]] (21 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blue Lake Rancheria|Blue Lake Rancheria]] (1 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe|Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe]] (15 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Hawaii|Hawaii]] (2 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in New Mexico|New Mexico]] [statewide] (19 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (20 December, repealed 6 January 2014) {{endflatlist}} |- !2014 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois#Lawsuits|Cook County, Illinois]] (21 February) * {{flagicon|England}} {{flagicon|Wales}} [[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|England and Wales]] (13 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] (13 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in Oregon|Oregon]] (19 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]] (20 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Illinois|Illinois]] [statewide] (1 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Akrotiri and Dhekelia|Akrotiri and Dhekelia]] (3 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory|British Indian Ocean Territory]] (3 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Puyallup Tribe of Indians|Puyallup Tribe of Indians]] (9 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (16 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians|Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians]] (10 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in Coahuila|Coahuila]] (17 September) * [[Same-sex marriage in Oklahoma|Oklahoma]] (6 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Virginia|Virginia]] (6 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Utah|Utah]] (6 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Indiana|Indiana]] (6 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Wisconsin|Wisconsin]] (6 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa|Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa]] (6 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Colorado|Colorado]] (7 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in West Virginia|West Virginia]] (9 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Nevada|Nevada]] (9 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes|Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes]] (9 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in North Carolina|North Carolina]] (10 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Alaska|Alaska]] (12 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Idaho|Idaho]] (15 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Arizona|Arizona]] (17 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation|Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation]] (17 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Pascua Yaqui Tribe|Pascua Yaqui Tribe]] (17 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community|Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community]] (17 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#San Carlos Apache Tribe|San Carlos Apache Tribe]] (17 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Yavapai-Apache Nation|Yavapai-Apache Nation]] (17 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Wyoming|Wyoming]] (21 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis, Missouri]] (5 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Missouri#State of Missouri v. Florida|St. Louis County, Missouri]] (6 November) * [[Lawson v. Kelly|Jackson County, Missouri]] (7 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Douglas County, Kansas]] (12 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Kansas|Sedgwick County, Kansas]] (12 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Eastern Shoshone Tribe|Eastern Shoshone Tribe]] (14 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Northern Arapaho Tribe|Northern Arapaho Tribe]] (14 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Montana|Montana]] (19 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Blackfeet Nation|Blackfeet Nation]] (19 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in South Carolina|South Carolina]] (20 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Keweenaw Bay Indian Community|Keweenaw Bay Indian Community]] (13 December) * {{flagicon|Scotland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Scotland|Scotland]] (16 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2015 |{{flatlist}} * {{flagicon|Luxembourg}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]''' (1 January) * [[Pareto v. Ruvin|Miami-Dade County, Florida]] (5 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Florida|Florida]] [statewide] (6 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska|Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska]] (24 February) * [[Same-sex marriage in the Pitcairn Islands|Pitcairn Islands]] (14 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians|Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians]] (15 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Guam|Guam]] (9 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin|Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin]] (10 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Chihuahua|Chihuahua]] (12 June) * {{flagicon|United States}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United States|United States]]''' [nationwide] (26 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in the Northern Mariana Islands|Northern Mariana Islands]] (30 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians|Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians]] (7 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in the United States Virgin Islands|United States Virgin Islands]] (9 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico]] (13 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro]] (21 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Hannahville Indian Community|Hannahville Indian Community]] (3 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#White Mountain Apache Tribe|White Mountain Apache Tribe]] (9 September) * {{flagicon|Ireland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]''' (16 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon|Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon]] (18 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Nayarit|Nayarit]] (23 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2016 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians|Stockbridge-Munsee Community Band of Mohican Indians]] (2 February) * {{flagicon|Greenland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Greenland|Greenland]] (1 April) * {{flagicon|Colombia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Colombia|Colombia]]''' (28 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Tulalip Tribes of Washington|Tulalip Tribes of Washington]] (6 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Jalisco|Jalisco]] [statewide] (12 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Campeche|Campeche]] (20 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Colima|Colima]] (12 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Michoacán|Michoacán]] (23 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Morelos|Morelos]] (5 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in the Isle of Man|Isle of Man]] (22 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Puebla|San Pedro Cholula, Puebla]] (18 September) * [[Same-sex marriage in the British Antarctic Territory|British Antarctic Territory]] (13 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin|Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin]] (3 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Cherokee Nation|Cherokee Nation]] (9 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Gibraltar|Gibraltar]] (15 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2017 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Ascension Island|Ascension Island]] (1 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Amealco de Bonfil, Querétaro]] (4 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Cadereyta de Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Ezequiel Montes, Querétaro]] (4 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Huimilpan, Querétaro]] (4 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro]] (4 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|San Joaquín, Querétaro]] (4 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Mexico#Querétaro|Tolimán, Querétaro]] (4 January) <!-- *** Please check discussion on talk page before adding Slovenia! *** --> * {{flagicon|Finland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Finland|Finland]]''' (1 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Osage Nation|Osage Nation]] (20 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Prairie Island Indian Community|Prairie Island Indian Community]] (22 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in the Falkland Islands|Falkland Islands]] (29 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Guernsey]] (2 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (5 May, repealed 1 June 2018) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin|Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin]] (5 June) * {{flagicon|Faroe Islands}} [[Same-sex marriage in the Faroe Islands|Faroe Islands]] (1 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Tristan da Cunha|Tristan da Cunha]] (4 August) * {{flagicon|Malta}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Malta|Malta]]''' (1 September) * {{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Germany|Germany]]''' (1 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ak-Chin Indian Community|Ak-Chin Indian Community]] (25 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California|Baja California]] (3 November) * {{flagicon|Australia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Australia|Australia]]''' (9 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha#Saint Helena|Saint Helena]] (20 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2018 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Puebla|Puebla]] [statewide] (16 February) * [[Same-sex marriage in Chiapas|Chiapas]] (11 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Alderney]] (14 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Jersey|Jersey]] (1 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Oaxaca|Oaxaca]] (26 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Ponca Tribe of Nebraska|Ponca Tribe of Nebraska]] (27 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in Bermuda|Bermuda]] (23 November, repealed 14 March 2022) {{endflatlist}} |- !2019 |{{flatlist}} * {{flagicon|Austria}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Austria|Austria]]''' (1 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas, Zacatecas]] (14 February) * [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Cuauhtémoc, Zacatecas]] (1 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Villanueva, Zacatecas]] (20 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]] (21 May) * {{flagicon|Taiwan}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Taiwan|Taiwan]]''' (24 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Nuevo León|Nuevo León]] (31 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Hidalgo|Hidalgo]] (11 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Baja California Sur|Baja California Sur]] (29 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Miguel Auza, Zacatecas]] (by 5 July) * {{flagicon|Ecuador}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Ecuador|Ecuador]]''' (8 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Oglala Sioux Tribe|Oglala Sioux Tribe]] (8 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Bay Mills Indian Community|Bay Mills Indian Community]] (8 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Colorado River Indian Tribes|Colorado River Indian Tribes]] (8 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in Aguascalientes|Aguascalientes]] (16 August) {{endflatlist}} |- !2020 |{{flatlist}} * {{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} [[Same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]] [final jurisdiction in the {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]'''] (13 January) * [[Same-sex marriage in Guernsey|Sark]] (23 April) * {{flagicon|Costa Rica}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]''' (26 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Fresnillo, Zacatecas]] (3 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota|Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians]] (6 August) * [[Same-sex marriage in Tlaxcala|Tlaxcala]] (25 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2021 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Sinaloa|Sinaloa]] (30 June) * [[Same-sex marriage in Sonora|Sonora]] (22 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in Querétaro|Querétaro]] [statewide] (13 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Guanajuato|Guanajuato]] (20 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Zacatecas|Zacatecas]] [statewide] (30 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2022 |{{flatlist}} * [[Same-sex marriage in Yucatán|Yucatán]] (4 March) * {{flagicon|Chile}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Chile|Chile]]''' (10 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska|Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska]] (11 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Chickasaw Nation|Chickasaw Nation]] (18 April) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians|Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians]] (25 May) * [[Same-sex marriage in Veracruz|Veracruz]] (13 June) * {{flagicon|Switzerland}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Switzerland|Switzerland]]''' (1 July) * {{flagicon|Slovenia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Slovenia|Slovenia]]''' (8 or 9 July) * [[Same-sex marriage in Durango|Durango]] (19 September) * {{flagicon|Cuba}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Cuba|Cuba]]''' (27 September) * [[Same-sex marriage in Tabasco|Tabasco]] (27 October) * [[Same-sex marriage in the State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] (2 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in Tamaulipas|Tamaulipas]] (19 November) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe|Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe]] (21 December) * [[Same-sex marriage in Guerrero|Guerrero]] [statewide; final jurisdiction in {{flagicon|Mexico}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Mexico|Mexico]]'''] (31 December) {{endflatlist}} |- !2023 |{{flatlist}} * {{flagicon|Andorra}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Andorra|Andorra]]''' (17 February) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi|Nottawaseppi Huron Band of Potawatomi]] (16 March) * [[Same-sex marriage in tribal nations in the United States#Choctaw Nation|Choctaw Nation]] (23 May) {{endflatlist}} |- !2024 |{{flatlist}} * {{flagicon|Estonia}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Estonia|Estonia]]''' (1 January) * {{flagicon|Greece}} '''[[Same-sex marriage in Greece|Greece]]''' (16 February) * {{flagicon|Aruba}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Aruba]] (12 July) * {{flagicon|Curacao}} [[Same-sex marriage in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten|Curaçao]] (12 July) {{endflatlist}} |- !2025 |{{flatlist}} * '''{{flagicon|Liechtenstein}} [[Same-sex marriage in Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein]] '''(1 January) *{{Flagicon|Thailand}} '''[[Recognition of same-sex unions in Thailand|Thailand]]''' (23 January) {{endflatlist}} |- !2026 |{{flatlist}} {{endflatlist}} |} == Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe == Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako wentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni futsi uyavunywa emaveni langu-38: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Denmark, France, Greece, Estonia. I-Iceland, i-Ireland, i-Liechtenstein, i-Luxembourg, i- Malta, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, i-Norway, i-Portugal, i-Slovenia, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, iSweden, iSwitzerland, iTaiwan, iThailand, - United States ] Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.hrc.org/resources/marriage-equality-around-the-world |access-date=2026-09-29 |archive-date=2024-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205222310/https://www.hrc.org/resources/marriage-equality-around-the-world |dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[File:World_marriage-equality_laws.svg|center|thumb| <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />{{legend|#025|Marriage open to same-sex couples}} {{legend|#90C|Same-sex marriage recognized with full rights when performed remotely or abroad}} {{legend|#71C837|Legislation or binding domestic court ruling establishing same-sex marriage, but marriage is not yet provided for}} {{legend|#06F|Civil unions or domestic partnerships}} {{legend|#9CF|Unregistered cohabitation or legal guardianship}} {{legend striped|#9CF|#EEE|Nonbinding certification|up=yes}} {{legend|#CAF|Limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions (residency rights for spouses)}} {{legend|#C6E9AF|Country subject to an international court ruling for limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions}} {{legend|#EEE|No legal recognition of same-sex unions}} ]] Inkantolo yemtsetfosisekelo yaseBolivia yaniketa bantfu labashadile lilungelo lelisemtsetfweni lekushada kulelo live, kodvwa leyo ndlela ayitfolakali ngalokuvamile. Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako umgunyatwe yiNkantolo Lephakeme yaseNepal, kodvwa imishado ibhalwa ebhukwini lelehlukile futsi ayivunywa nguhulumende. Kucatshangelwa tinyunyana tesive ePhilippines nasePoland. Ngenyanga yeNdlovulenkhulu mhla tinge-12 2015, iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesingabophi lesikhutsata tikhungo te-EU kanye nemave langemalunga kutsi "[acabangisise] ngekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako noma inyunyana yebantfu bebulili lobufanako njenge tindzaba tepolitiki, yetenhlalo kanye neyebantfu kanye nemalungelo ebantfu". Ngekuphendvula kusakateka kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe,emave lamanyenti abeke umtsetfosisekelo lovimbelako, lapho khona losandza kwenteka bekuyiGabon nga-2024. Kulamanye emave, leyo mikhawulo kanye nemikhawulo yentiwa ngemtsetfo. Ngisho nangaphambi kwekutsi kucale kubekwe umtsetfo wemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, lamanye emave bekanemitsetfosisekelo lebeyicacisa kutsi umshado bewusemkhatsini wendvodza nemfati. [[File:Constitutional_bans_on_same-sex_unions_by_country.svg|center|thumb| {{legend|#D40000|Same-sex marriage [[Same-sex union legislation#Bans|banned]] by secular constitution}} {{legend|#800000|Same-sex marriage banned by constitutionally mandated religious law}} {{legend|#CCCCCC|No constitutional ban}} ]] === Tincumo tenkantolo lavelonkhe === ==== INkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu ==== Nga-2010, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu (ECHR) yakhipha sincumo ecaleni lelitsi ''Schalk naKopf v Austria,'' lebelifaka ekhatsi bantfu labashadene base-Austria lababulili lobufanako labancishwa lilungelo lekushada. Inkantolo itfole,ngekuvota kwa-4 kuya ku-3, kutsi emalungelo abo ebantfu akazange aphulwe. Inkantolo iphindze yatsi tinyunyana tebantfu bebulili lobufanako ativikeleki ngaphasi kwe-art.12 we-ECHR ("Lilungelo lekushada"), lelivikela kuphela lilungelo lekushada lebantfu labashadile bebulili lobehlukile (kungakhatsaleki kutsi bulili balaba labashadene bungumphumela wekutalwa noma wekushintja kwebulili), kepha bavikelekile ngaphasi kwe-art. 8 we-ECHR ("Lilungelo lekuhlonipha imphilo yangasese neyemndeni") kanye nebuciko. 14 ("Kuvinjelwa kwekubandlululwa"). I-Athikili 12 yeSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu YaseYurophu itsi: "Emadvodza nebafati labaseminyakeni yekushada banelungelo lekushada nekusungula umndeni, ngekuya kwemitsetfo yavelonkhe lecondzisa kusetjentiswa kwalelilungelo", hhayi umkhawulo wemshado kulabo labasebudlelwaneni bebulili lobehlukile. Kepha, i-ECHR yatsi ku ''Schalk na Kopf v Austria'' kutsi loluhlelo beluhloselwe kukhawulela umshado ebudlelwaneni bebantfu bebulili lobehlukile, njengoba belusebentisa ligama lelitsi "emadvodza nebafati" esikhundleni sekutsi "wonkhe umuntfu". Noma kunjalo, inkantolo yemukele futsi icabanga ngemacala laphatselene nekuvunywa kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako, sibonelo ''Andersen v Poland.'' Nga-2021, lenkantolo yakhipha sincumo ecaleni ''laFedotova and Others v. Russia'' lokwalandzela tehlulelo takamuva letiphatselene nalamanye emave langemalunga kutsi emave kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako luhlobo lolutsite lwekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo, nanobe kungasho kutsi bashade. <ref>{{Cite journal|journal=216–228}}</ref> ==== Union yaseYurophu ==== Ngenyanga yeNhlaba mhla tinge-5 Inhlaba 2018, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yakhipha sincumo, ecaleni laComan nalabanye v General Inspectorate of Immigration kanye neLitiko Letekhatsi, kutsi, ngaphansi kwemibandzela letsite yalaba labashadene lokukhulunywa ngayo, bantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako banemalungelo lafanako ekuhlala njengalamanye emave lashadile e-EU, ngisho nangabe emave lashadile e-EU angavumelani nekutsi. Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako. Noma kunjalo, lesijubo asizange sisebente eRomania, futsi mhla tinge-14 Inyoni 2021 iPhalamende laseYurophu lakhipha sincumo lesibita iKhomishini yaseYurophu kutsi icinisekise kutsi lesijubo siyahlonishwa kulo lonkhe le-EU. Ngenyanga yeLweti mhla tinge-25 2025, iNkantolo Yebulungiswa YaseYurophu yasungula kutsi onkhe Emave Lamalunga e-EU kumele avume imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako leyentiwa ngalokusemtsetfweni kulamanye emave e-EU ngaletinye tinjongo, kwandzisa licala laComan. Tinhlelo letibalulekile talesincumo nguleti: * Langemalunga Emave kudzingeka kutsi atsatse umshado lowentiwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kulelinye Live Lelilunga lapho khona lokungenani umlingani munye abe yisakhamuti se-EU asebentisa lilungelo lakhe lekuhamba ngekukhululeka nekuhlala. * Loku kubonwa kuphocelekile ngenhloso yekusebentisa emalungelo laniketwa ngumtsetfo we-EU, njengekuhlala, tinzuzo temtselo, lifa, kanye nekuphepha kwetenhlalakahle. * Uma ngabe Lilunga Lelive liniketa inchubo yekuvuma imishado yalamanye emave ngekubhalisa (sib., ePoland ligama lelitsi transcription, noma transkrypcja, lisetjentiswa kufaka umshado lowentiwe emaveni langaphandle ebhukwini lesive), kumele lisebentise leyo nchubo ngekulingana kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako. Angeke yala kubhalwa phansi kuphela ngoba umtsetfo wasekhaya awuvumeli umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako. Kepha lesincumo asidzingi kutsi Emave Lamalunga ente umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni ngaphakatsi kwetinhlelo tawo temtsetfo tasekhaya Ligunyata kuphela kuvunywa kwemishado lephethwe ngalokusemtsetfweni kuletinye tindzawo e-EU. Lamave lalandzelako e-EU, lebekangavumi imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako ngaphambilini, atsintseka ngalokucondzile ngulesijubo: iBulgaria, iCroatia, iCyprus, iCzechia, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iPoland, iRomania neSlovakia. ==== Inkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika ==== [[File:María_Alexandra_Chávez_y_Michelle_Pamela_Avilés_-_Primer_matrimonio_entre_dos_mujeres_en_Ecuador.jpg|right|thumb|Alexandra Chávez kanye naMichelle Avilés, bantfu bekucala labashada ngebulili lobufanako e-Ecuador]] Mhlaka 8 Bhimbidvwane 2018, iNkantolo Yemalungelo Ebantfu YaseMelika (IACHR) yakhipha umbono wekweluleka lotsi emave lasesigabeni seSivumelwano Semalungelo Ebantfu saseMelika kufanele anikete bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako kungena kuto tonkhe tinhlelo temtsetfo tasekhaya letikhona tekubhalisa umndeni, lokufaka ekhatsi umshado, kanye nawo onkhe emalungelo lavela emshadweni. LeNkantolo yancoma kutsi bohulumende bakhiphe imitsetfo yesikhashana levumela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako kute kube ngulapho sekuletfwe umtsetfo lomusha. Baphindze batsi akuvumelekile futsi kuyabandlulula kutsi kusungulwe umtsetfo lowehlukile (njengetinyunyana tesive) esikhundleni semshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako. == Lamanye emalungiselelo == === Tinyunyana === [[File:New_York_City_Proposition_8_Protest_outside_LDS_temple_20.jpg|thumb|Bameli labanyenti, njengalombhikishi wa Lweti 2008 emkhosweni eNew York City lomelene neSiphakamiso 8 saseCalifornia, bayawulahla umcondvo wetinyunyana tesive, batichaza njengaletiphansi kunekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo kwemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako. ]] Civil union,civil partnership, kubambisana kwasekhaya, kubambisana lokubhalisiwe, kubambisana lokungabhalisiwe,kanye netimo tekuhlala ndzawonye letingabhalisiwe kuniketa tinzuzo letehlukahlukene temtsetfo temshado. Kusukela, emave lanendlela lenye yekuvunywa ngekwemtsetfo ngaphandle kwemshado ezingeni lesive ngula: iBolivia, iCroatia, iCyprus, iRiphabhulikhi yaseCzech, iHungary, i-Italy, iLatvia, iLithuania, iMonaco, iMontenegro kanye neSan Marino. Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako lowentiwa khashane noma emaveni angaphandle uyavunywa njengemalungelo emshado laphelele yi -Israel. Ngetulu kwaloko, emagunya lehlukahlukene eCambodia, eJapan nasePhilippines aniketa bantfu labashadene ngebulili lobufanako tinzuzo letehlukahlukene, letifaka ekhatsi emalungelo ekuvakashelwa esibhedlela kanye naletinye. Ngetulu kwaloko, emave lalishumi nesiphohlongo lavunywe ngekwemtsetfo umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako nawo anendlela lenye yekuvunywa kwebantfu labashadene bebulili lobufanako, levame kutfolakala kubantfu labashadene bebulili lobehlukile futsi: Argentina , Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador Luxeta iNetherlands, iPutukezi, iNingizimu Afrika, iSpain, i- United Kingdom kanye ne -Uruguay. Tiphindze titfolakale etincenyeni taseMelika ( Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Illinois, New Jersey, Nevada nase Oregon ) naseCanada. === Umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako longasiyo yebulili === ==== Kenya ==== Umshado webantfu besifazane bebulili lobufanako wentiwa emkhatsini wema Gikuyu, ema Nandi, ema Kamba, ema Kipsigis, kanye nebantfu lababomakhelwane ngesilinganiso lesincane. Cishe 5-10% besifazane basemishadweni lenjalo. Nomakunjalo, loku akubonwa njengebutabane, kepha esikhundleni saloko kuyindlela yemindeni lete emadvodzana kutsi igcine lifa layo ngaphakatsi kwemndeni. ==== Nigeria ==== {{KI|Recognition of same-sex unions in Nigeria}}Emkhatsini webantfu bema Igbo futsi mhlawumbe nalabanye bantfu labaseningizimu yalelive, kunetimo lapho khona umshado emkhatsini wabomake utsatfwa njengalofanele, njengalapho umfati angenamntfwana bese indvodza yakhe iyafa, bese utsatsa umfati kutsi achubeke nelifa lakhe kanye neluhlu lwemndeni. == Inkholo kanye nemshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako == === BuKhristu === [[File:Wedding_ceremony_of_Jason_Cianciotto_and_Courter_Simmons_-_01.jpg|right|thumb|Umshado wemadvodza lamabili logujwa ngumfundisi longumKhristu [[IMelika (live)|eMelika]].]] Lamanye emasontfo emaKhristu lachubekako avumela emasontfo endzawo kutsi ancume kutsi abusise yini imishado yebantfu bebulili lobufanako. Lamanye emanethiwekhi emhlaba wonkhe emasontfo lacinisekisako asekela tibusiso, njengeNhlangano Yekwemukela Nekucinisekisa EmaBaptist. Lisontfo lemaKatolika le-Ecumenical, Lisontfo leMmango waseMetropolitan. Inethiwekhi Yetinkonzo Tekubuyisana ( Methodist ). kanye neNethiwekhi Yesivumelwano ( iPhentekhoste ). === BuJuda === Tinhlangano letintsatfu letiyinhloko temaJuda letichubekako temhlaba wonkhe tamukele tincumo letisekela umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako: BuJuda bekwakha kabusha nga-2004,Umkhandlu Wemhlaba Wemasinagoge ( Masorti Judaism ) nga-2012, kanye neNhlangano Yemhlaba YebuJuda Lobuchubekako ( Reform Judaism ) nga- == Tifundvo == Inhlangano yebantfu baseMelika ngeti 26 Indlovana 2004: Lokutfolwe lucwaningo kusukela nga-1998 kuya ku-2015 eNyuvesi yaseVirginia, eNyuvesi yaseMichigan State, eNyuvesi yaseFlorida, eNyuvesi yase-Amsterdam, eNyuvesi yaseNew York State Psychiatric, eNyuvesi yaseStanford, eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-San Francisco, eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia-Los Angeles, eNyuvesi yaseTufts, eNyuvesi yaseBoston kanye neSikhungo Setekwelapha saseBoston, i-Commit bacwaningi labatimele nabo basekela lokutfolwe kulolucwaningo. Imiphumela jikelele yetenhlalakahle netemnotfo kanye netemphilo yekufinyelela ngekwemtsetfo emshadweni webantfu bebulili lobufanako emhlabeni wonkhe ifingqiwe nguBadgett kanye nebabhali labambisene naye. <ref>{{Cite journal|journal=266–294}}</ref> Lokubuyeketwa kutfole kutsi bantfu labancane ngekwelicasi batsatsa umshado losemtsetfweni ngesikhatsi utfolakala kubo (kepha ngemazinga laphansi kunalabo labashadene ngebulili lobehlukene). Esikhundleni saloko kute bufakazi bekutsi kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni kwatsintsa imishado yebantfu bebulili lobehlukene. Ngaseluhlangotsi lwetemphilo, kwenta umshado webantfu bebulili lobufanako ube semtsetfweni kwakhulisa umshwalensi wetemphilo webantfu labashadile bebulili lobufanako (e-US),kwaholela ekwenteni ncono imphilo yekuya ecasini emkhatsini wemadvodza lalalana nemadvodza, kantsi kunebufakazi lobuhlangene ngemiphumela yemphilo lengokwengcondvo emkhatsini webantfu labancane ngekwelicasi. Ngetulu kwaloko, lolucwaningo lutfole bufakazi lobuhlangene ngemiphumela leyehlukene yetenhlalakahle lesehlako njengesimo sengcondvo sebantfu be-LGBTQ+ kanye nekukhetsa umsebenti webantfu labancane ngekwelicasi. == imitfombo yelwati == lbs33d13re9w2pyzaq2653bbggdwrok 0 6981 43194 2026-09-30T17:34:22Z ZS Khumalo 9375 Yakha likhasi 43194 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dlamini I''' (lobekatiwa futsi ngekutsi ngu'''Matalatala''') bekayinkhosana yema-[[Embo-Nguni]] ngabo-1500s<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J. S. M (1988). ''A History of Swaziland''. 3rd ed., p. 8.</ref> kanye nemholi wakadzeni we[[Indlu yakaDlamini|Ndlu yakaDlamini]] e[[Swatini]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Schoeman, Stan (1986): ''Swaziland: A Modern Monarchy'', Africa Insight, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, pages: 169</ref> Bekangumsunguli weluhlu lwe-Embo-Dlamini.<ref name="auto"/> kvg7226tvlu5f0xt80fldorx06q978c 43195 43194 2026-09-30T17:34:58Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dlamini I''' (lobekatiwa futsi ngekutsi ngu'''Matalatala''') bekayinkhosana yema-[[Embo-Nguni]] ngabo-1500s<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J. S. M (1988). ''A History of Swaziland''. 3rd ed., p. 8.</ref> kanye nemholi wakadzeni we[[Indlu yakaDlamini|Ndlu yakaDlamini]] e[[Swatini]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Schoeman, Stan (1986): ''Swaziland: A Modern Monarchy'', Africa Insight, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, pages: 169</ref> Bekangumsunguli weluhlu lwe-Embo-Dlamini.<ref name="auto"/> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 85ywqk50ghdwbofo775074o9khcyo2c 43196 43195 2026-09-30T17:40:57Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43196 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dlamini I''' (lobekatiwa futsi ngekutsi ngu'''Matalatala''') bekayinkhosana yema-[[Embo-Nguni]] ngabo-1500s<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J. S. M (1988). ''A History of Swaziland''. 3rd ed., p. 8.</ref> kanye nemholi wakadzeni we[[Indlu yakaDlamini|Ndlu yakaDlamini]] e[[Swatini]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Schoeman, Stan (1986): ''Swaziland: A Modern Monarchy'', Africa Insight, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, pages: 169</ref> Bekangumsunguli weluhlu lwe-Embo-Dlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Bantfu bakaDlamini I kanye nabokhokho babo bebahlala esifundzeni lesisedvute ne[[Tembe River|Mfula iTembe]] futsi bebabuswa yi[[Tembe Kingdom|Mbuso wemaTembe]] lobewunemandla.<ref name="auti">Sikhondze, Bonginkosi Bhutana. ''State Within A State: The History of the Evolution of the Mamba clan of Swaziland'', Transafrican Journal of History, vol. 15, 1986, pp. 144–63. JSTOR. Accessed 22 Dec. 2025.</ref> LoMbuso wemaTembe wawutfole ligunya kanye nemcebo wawo etinhlelweni tekutsengiselana letasogwini<ref>Mathebula, Mandla (2017). ''Some notes on the early history of the Tembe, 1280 AD–1800 AD''. New Contree. 78: 42–59. Retrieved 11 November 2025.</ref> futsi bewusebenzisa ligunya etindzaweni letingaphesheya kwe[[Lubombo Mountains|Tintsaba teLubombo]] kanye naseningizimu kuya ngase[[Lusutfu River|Mfuleni iLusutfu]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Bryant, A. T (1929). ''The Olden Times in Zululand and Natal''. p. 316.</ref> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} az3wn4zb1josq5bcz8univlygow67yx 43197 43196 2026-09-30T18:01:32Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dlamini I''' (lobekatiwa futsi ngekutsi ngu'''Matalatala''') bekayinkhosana yema-[[Embo-Nguni]] ngabo-1500s<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J. S. M (1988). ''A History of Swaziland''. 3rd ed., p. 8.</ref> kanye nemholi wakadzeni we[[Indlu yakaDlamini|Ndlu yakaDlamini]] e[[Swatini]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Schoeman, Stan (1986): ''Swaziland: A Modern Monarchy'', Africa Insight, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, pages: 169</ref> Bekangumsunguli weluhlu lwe-Embo-Dlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Bantfu baDlamini I kanye nabokhokho babo bebahlala esifundzeni lesisedvute ne[[Umfula iTembe]] futsi bebangaphansi kwe[[Mbuso wakaTembe]] lobewunemandla.<ref name="auti">Sikhondze, Bonginkosi Bhutana. ''State Within A State: The History of the Evolution of the Mamba clan of Swaziland'', Transafrican Journal of History, vol. 15, 1986, pp. 144–63. JSTOR. Accessed 22 Dec. 2025.</ref> LoMbuso wakaTembe bewunemandla futsi unemcebo lobebawutfola ekuhwebeni egwini<ref>Mathebula, Mandla (2017). ''Some notes on the early history of the Tembe, 1280 AD–1800 AD''. New Contree. 78: 42–59. Retrieved 11 November 2025.</ref> futsi bewubusa etindzaweni letingaphesheya kwe[[Tintsaba teLubombo]] kanye naseningizimu kuya ngase[[Mfuleni iLusutfu]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Bryant, A. T (1929). ''The Olden Times in Zululand and Natal''. p. 316.</ref> ==Umndeni kanye nekulandzelana ebukhosini== Dlamini I bekangubabe wa[[Mswati I]] kanye neNkhosana [[Mathonga]].<ref name="auto"/> Tati temlandvo letifaka ekhatsi [[J.S.M. Matsebula]] kanye na[[A.T. Bryant]], Dlamini I bekayindvodzana yeNdvuna Langa, umholi wemphakatsi wema-[[Embo-Nguni]] lowahlala etindzaweni takaTembe dvute nase[[Maputo]].<ref name="auti"/> Tindzaba letidluliselwa ngemlomo titsi Langa bekanemadvodzana lamabili, Dlamini I kanye na[[Hlubi]].<ref name="auti"/> Balandzeli baDlamini bahamba baya enyakatho badzabula Tintsaba teLubombo, bakha imiphakatsi yakadzeni yemaNgwane. Balandzeli baHlubi bahamba baya eningizimu balandzela [[uMfula iPongola]] - bokhokho bemaHlubi.<ref name="auti"/> Ngemuva kwekushona kwaDlamini I, buholi bandlulela kuMswati I.<ref name="auto"/> Bekahlukile ke Mathonga kuMswati I. Mathonga kutsiwa bekangumuntfu lotsandza kuthula futsi locaphelako kutembusave, kani Mswati I bekatsandza timphi futsi ahamba kakhulu.<ref name="auto"/> Ngekusho kwesati semlandvo J.S.M. Matsebula, tinkhomo lebetibanjwa nguMswati I ngesikhatsi sekuhlasela kwakhe betivame kuniketwa umfowabo Mathonga, lokwacinisa kubumbana kwangekhatsi endlini lebeyibusa.<ref name="auto"/> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} mgt1lemgxksnqr4njn8n784ay6a4i3r 43198 43197 2026-09-30T18:05:12Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Umndeni kanye nekulandzelana ebukhosini */ 43198 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dlamini I''' (lobekatiwa futsi ngekutsi ngu'''Matalatala''') bekayinkhosana yema-[[Embo-Nguni]] ngabo-1500s<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J. S. M (1988). ''A History of Swaziland''. 3rd ed., p. 8.</ref> kanye nemholi wakadzeni we[[Indlu yakaDlamini|Ndlu yakaDlamini]] e[[Swatini]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Schoeman, Stan (1986): ''Swaziland: A Modern Monarchy'', Africa Insight, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, pages: 169</ref> Bekangumsunguli weluhlu lwe-Embo-Dlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Bantfu baDlamini I kanye nabokhokho babo bebahlala esifundzeni lesisedvute ne[[Umfula iTembe]] futsi bebangaphansi kwe[[Mbuso wakaTembe]] lobewunemandla.<ref name="auti">Sikhondze, Bonginkosi Bhutana. ''State Within A State: The History of the Evolution of the Mamba clan of Swaziland'', Transafrican Journal of History, vol. 15, 1986, pp. 144–63. JSTOR. Accessed 22 Dec. 2025.</ref> LoMbuso wakaTembe bewunemandla futsi unemcebo lobebawutfola ekuhwebeni egwini<ref>Mathebula, Mandla (2017). ''Some notes on the early history of the Tembe, 1280 AD–1800 AD''. New Contree. 78: 42–59. Retrieved 11 November 2025.</ref> futsi bewubusa etindzaweni letingaphesheya kwe[[Tintsaba teLubombo]] kanye naseningizimu kuya ngase[[Mfuleni iLusutfu]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Bryant, A. T (1929). ''The Olden Times in Zululand and Natal''. p. 316.</ref> ==Umndeni kanye nekulandzelana ebukhosini== Dlamini I bekangubabe wa[[Mswati l]] kanye neNkhosana [[Mathonga]].<ref name="auto"/> Tati temlandvo letifaka ekhatsi [[J.S.M. Matsebula]] kanye na[[A.T. Bryant]], Dlamini I bekayindvodzana yeNdvuna Langa, umholi wemphakatsi wema-[[Embo-Nguni]] lowahlala etindzaweni takaTembe dvute nase[[Maputo]].<ref name="auti"/> Tindzaba letidluliselwa ngemlomo titsi Langa bekanemadvodzana lamabili, Dlamini I kanye na[[Hlubi]].<ref name="auti"/> Balandzeli baDlamini bahamba baya enyakatho badzabula Tintsaba teLubombo, bakha imiphakatsi yakadzeni yemaNgwane. Balandzeli baHlubi bahamba baya eningizimu balandzela [[uMfula iPongola]] - bokhokho bemaHlubi.<ref name="auti"/> Ngemuva kwekushona kwaDlamini I, buholi bandlulela kuMswati I.<ref name="auto"/> Bekahlukile ke Mathonga kuMswati I. Mathonga kutsiwa bekangumuntfu lotsandza kuthula futsi locaphelako kutembusave, kani Mswati I bekatsandza timphi futsi ahamba kakhulu.<ref name="auto"/> Ngekusho kwesati semlandvo J.S.M. Matsebula, tinkhomo lebetibanjwa nguMswati I ngesikhatsi sekuhlasela kwakhe betivame kuniketwa umfowabo Mathonga, lokwacinisa kubumbana kwangekhatsi endlini lebeyibusa.<ref name="auto"/> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} agucucj6wz5f6bb1dg12l1mism3om40 43212 43198 2026-09-30T20:17:41Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dlamini I''' (lobekatiwa futsi ngekutsi ngu'''Matalatala''') bekayinkhosana yema-[[Embo-Nguni]] ngabo-1500s<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J. S. M (1988). ''A History of Swaziland''. 3rd ed., p. 8.</ref> kanye nemholi wakadzeni we[[Indlu yakaDlamini|Ndlu yakaDlamini]] e[[Swatini]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Schoeman, Stan (1986): ''Swaziland: A Modern Monarchy'', Africa Insight, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, pages: 169</ref> Bekangumsunguli weluhlu lwe-Embo-Dlamini.<ref name="auto"/> Bantfu baDlamini I kanye nabokhokho babo bebahlala esifundzeni lesisedvute ne[[Umfula iTembe]] futsi bebangaphansi kwe[[Mbuso wakaTembe]] lobewunemandla.<ref name="auti">Sikhondze, Bonginkosi Bhutana. ''State Within A State: The History of the Evolution of the Mamba clan of Swaziland'', Transafrican Journal of History, vol. 15, 1986, pp. 144–63. JSTOR. Accessed 22 Dec. 2025.</ref> LoMbuso wakaTembe bewunemandla futsi unemcebo lobebawutfola ekuhwebeni egwini<ref>Mathebula, Mandla (2017). ''Some notes on the early history of the Tembe, 1280 AD–1800 AD''. New Contree. 78: 42–59. Retrieved 11 November 2025.</ref> futsi bewubusa etindzaweni letingaphesheya kwe[[Tintsaba teLubombo]] kanye naseningizimu kuya ngase[[Mfuleni iLusutfu]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Bryant, A. T (1929). ''The Olden Times in Zululand and Natal''. p. 316.</ref> ==Umndeni kanye nekulandzelana ebukhosini== Dlamini I bekangubabe wa[[Mswati l]] kanye neNkhosana [[Mathonga]].<ref name="auto"/> Tati temlandvo letifaka ekhatsi [[J.S.M. Matsebula]] kanye na[[A.T. Bryant]], Dlamini I bekayindvodzana yeNdvuna Langa, umholi wemphakatsi wema-[[Embo-Nguni]] lowahlala etindzaweni takaTembe dvute nase[[Maputo]].<ref name="auti"/> Tindzaba letidluliselwa ngemlomo titsi Langa bekanemadvodzana lamabili, Dlamini I kanye na[[Hlubi]].<ref name="auti"/> Balandzeli baDlamini bahamba baya enyakatho badzabula Tintsaba teLubombo, bakha imiphakatsi yakadzeni yemaNgwane. Balandzeli baHlubi bahamba baya eningizimu balandzela [[uMfula iPongola]] - bokhokho bemaHlubi.<ref name="auti"/> Ngemuva kwekushona kwaDlamini I, buholi bandlulela kuMswati I.<ref name="auto"/> Bekahlukile ke Mathonga kuMswati I. Mathonga kutsiwa bekangumuntfu lotsandza kuthula futsi locaphelako kutembusave, kani Mswati I bekatsandza timphi futsi ahamba kakhulu.<ref name="auto"/> Ngekusho kwesati semlandvo J.S.M. Matsebula, tinkhomo lebetibanjwa nguMswati I ngesikhatsi sekuhlasela kwakhe betivame kuniketwa umfowabo Mathonga, lokwacinisa kubumbana kwangekhatsi endlini lebeyibusa.<ref name="auto"/> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 0nlpytvayq88y58o2w8dgd9iac3yim3 43213 43212 2026-09-30T20:19:35Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43213 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dlamini I''' (lobekatiwa futsi ngekutsi ngu'''Matalatala''') bekayinkhosana yema-[[Embo-Nguni]] ngabo-1500s<ref name="auto">Matsebula, J. S. M (1988). ''A History of Swaziland''. 3rd ed., p. 8.</ref> kanye nemholi wakadzeni we[[Indlu yakaDlamini|Ndlu yakaDlamini]] e[[Swatini]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Schoeman, Stan (1986): ''Swaziland: A Modern Monarchy'', Africa Insight, Volume: 16, Issue: 3, pages: 169</ref> Bekangumsunguli weluhlu lwe-[[Embo-Dlamini]].<ref name="auto"/> Bantfu baDlamini I kanye nabokhokho babo bebahlala esifundzeni lesisedvute ne[[Umfula iTembe]] futsi bebangaphansi kwe[[Mbuso wakaTembe]] lobewunemandla.<ref name="auti">Sikhondze, Bonginkosi Bhutana. ''State Within A State: The History of the Evolution of the Mamba clan of Swaziland'', Transafrican Journal of History, vol. 15, 1986, pp. 144–63. JSTOR. Accessed 22 Dec. 2025.</ref> LoMbuso wakaTembe bewunemandla futsi unemcebo lobebawutfola ekuhwebeni egwini<ref>Mathebula, Mandla (2017). ''Some notes on the early history of the Tembe, 1280 AD–1800 AD''. New Contree. 78: 42–59. Retrieved 11 November 2025.</ref> futsi bewubusa etindzaweni letingaphesheya kwe[[Tintsaba teLubombo]] kanye naseningizimu kuya ngase[[Mfuleni iLusutfu]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>Bryant, A. T (1929). ''The Olden Times in Zululand and Natal''. p. 316.</ref> ==Umndeni kanye nekulandzelana ebukhosini== Dlamini I bekangubabe wa[[Mswati l]] kanye neNkhosana [[Mathonga]].<ref name="auto"/> Tati temlandvo letifaka ekhatsi [[J.S.M. Matsebula]] kanye na[[A.T. Bryant]], Dlamini I bekayindvodzana yeNdvuna Langa, umholi wemphakatsi wema-[[Embo-Nguni]] lowahlala etindzaweni takaTembe dvute nase[[Maputo]].<ref name="auti"/> Tindzaba letidluliselwa ngemlomo titsi Langa bekanemadvodzana lamabili, Dlamini I kanye na[[Hlubi]].<ref name="auti"/> Balandzeli baDlamini bahamba baya enyakatho badzabula Tintsaba teLubombo, bakha imiphakatsi yakadzeni yemaNgwane. Balandzeli baHlubi bahamba baya eningizimu balandzela [[uMfula iPongola]] - bokhokho bemaHlubi.<ref name="auti"/> Ngemuva kwekushona kwaDlamini I, buholi bandlulela kuMswati I.<ref name="auto"/> Bekahlukile ke Mathonga kuMswati I. Mathonga kutsiwa bekangumuntfu lotsandza kuthula futsi locaphelako kutembusave, kani Mswati I bekatsandza timphi futsi ahamba kakhulu.<ref name="auto"/> Ngekusho kwesati semlandvo J.S.M. Matsebula, tinkhomo lebetibanjwa nguMswati I ngesikhatsi sekuhlasela kwakhe betivame kuniketwa umfowabo Mathonga, lokwacinisa kubumbana kwangekhatsi endlini lebeyibusa.<ref name="auto"/> ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} it4ly826c1onrot9f6wdrildeojrhfq 0 6982 43202 2026-09-30T19:06:07Z ZS Khumalo 9375 Yakha likhasi 43202 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Mbuso waseSwatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> 5dw2ah5j2ajxuufdm6y6li1fxlk0beq 43203 43202 2026-09-30T19:09:59Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43203 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Mbuso waseSwatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] 4l4n485tp18pnsv5e3drzoiawr96yxi 43204 43203 2026-09-30T19:10:35Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43204 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Mbuso waseSwatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} jstdrxw5dimoealp5hxqqx9ml5nak0r 43205 43204 2026-09-30T19:11:50Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Mbuso waseSwatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] ==Umlandvo== ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} choejuylyh2r19gb07cxau1d6bqcco8 43206 43205 2026-09-30T20:07:15Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Umlandvo */ 43206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Mbuso waseSwatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] ==Umlandvo== Bukhosi bakaDlamini bubuya ku[[Dlamini I]] (lobekatiwa nangekutsi nguMatalatala), lokutsiwa wahamba nebantfu base[[Swatini]] esuka e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] wandlula e[[Tanzania]] nase[[Mozambiki]].<ref>''Who We Are''. The Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland. n.d. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014.</ref> Kodvwa-ke, [[Ngwane III]] uvame kutsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yase[[Swatini]] yesikhatsi sanamuhla, leyabusa kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780.<ref>D. Hugh Gillis (30 March 1999). ''The Kingdom of Swaziland''. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30670-9.</ref> Eminyakeni yekucala yebukhosi bakaDlamini bebabitwa ngekutsi NgemaNgwane, susela eligameni leNkosi Ngwane III.<ref>Macdonald, Fiona; Paren, Elizabeth; Shillington, Kevin; Stacey, Gillian; Steele, Philip (2003) [2001]. Peoples of Africa (reference ed.). NY, USA: Marshall Cavendish. p. 505. ISBN 9780761471585. Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref> Ekucaleni kwaboma-1800s, indzawo yaseEzulwini yaba sigodlo sakaDlamini. Loku kwenteka ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwa[[Sobhuza I]]. Eningizimu ne[[Eswatini]] elive (nyalo lesesifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]]), kwaba khona kucabana emkhatsini wemaNgwane nemaNdwandwe, lokwaholela emphini. Kuze abalekele loludzweshu, Sobhuza wasusa inhlokodolobha yakhe yasebukhosini wayisa e[[Zombodze]]. Kulenchubo, wanqhoba bantfu labanyenti labebahlala kulelive ngaphambilini, wabafaka ngaphansi kwekubusa kwakhe. Kamuva, Sobhuza wakwati kugwema ngekwelisu kungena emphini nebukhosi lobunemandla bemaZulu, lobekabuswa eningizimu yoMfula iPongola. Ngalesikhatsi, bukhosi bemaDlamini banda emandleni futsi babusa live lebelihlanganisa lonkhe leliyiSwatini yanamuhla. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} ds0iobm7r3mw26f4x66907xr1bf1lk2 43207 43206 2026-09-30T20:08:01Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43207 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Mbuso weSwatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] ==Umlandvo== Bukhosi bakaDlamini bubuya ku[[Dlamini I]] (lobekatiwa nangekutsi nguMatalatala), lokutsiwa wahamba nebantfu base[[Swatini]] esuka e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] wandlula e[[Tanzania]] nase[[Mozambiki]].<ref>''Who We Are''. The Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland. n.d. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014.</ref> Kodvwa-ke, [[Ngwane III]] uvame kutsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yase[[Swatini]] yesikhatsi sanamuhla, leyabusa kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780.<ref>D. Hugh Gillis (30 March 1999). ''The Kingdom of Swaziland''. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30670-9.</ref> Eminyakeni yekucala yebukhosi bakaDlamini bebabitwa ngekutsi NgemaNgwane, susela eligameni leNkosi Ngwane III.<ref>Macdonald, Fiona; Paren, Elizabeth; Shillington, Kevin; Stacey, Gillian; Steele, Philip (2003) [2001]. Peoples of Africa (reference ed.). NY, USA: Marshall Cavendish. p. 505. ISBN 9780761471585. Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref> Ekucaleni kwaboma-1800s, indzawo yaseEzulwini yaba sigodlo sakaDlamini. Loku kwenteka ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwa[[Sobhuza I]]. Eningizimu ne[[Eswatini]] elive (nyalo lesesifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]]), kwaba khona kucabana emkhatsini wemaNgwane nemaNdwandwe, lokwaholela emphini. Kuze abalekele loludzweshu, Sobhuza wasusa inhlokodolobha yakhe yasebukhosini wayisa e[[Zombodze]]. Kulenchubo, wanqhoba bantfu labanyenti labebahlala kulelive ngaphambilini, wabafaka ngaphansi kwekubusa kwakhe. Kamuva, Sobhuza wakwati kugwema ngekwelisu kungena emphini nebukhosi lobunemandla bemaZulu, lobekabuswa eningizimu yoMfula iPongola. Ngalesikhatsi, bukhosi bemaDlamini banda emandleni futsi babusa live lebelihlanganisa lonkhe leliyiSwatini yanamuhla. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 9pr2mqy56jtew4ivthxlomnzdsc2hwr 43208 43207 2026-09-30T20:10:18Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso waseEswatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] ==Umlandvo== Bukhosi bakaDlamini bubuya ku[[Dlamini I]] (lobekatiwa nangekutsi nguMatalatala), lokutsiwa wahamba nebantfu base[[Swatini]] esuka e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] wandlula e[[Tanzania]] nase[[Mozambiki]].<ref>''Who We Are''. The Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland. n.d. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014.</ref> Kodvwa-ke, [[Ngwane III]] uvame kutsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yase[[Swatini]] yesikhatsi sanamuhla, leyabusa kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780.<ref>D. Hugh Gillis (30 March 1999). ''The Kingdom of Swaziland''. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30670-9.</ref> Eminyakeni yekucala yebukhosi bakaDlamini bebabitwa ngekutsi NgemaNgwane, susela eligameni leNkosi Ngwane III.<ref>Macdonald, Fiona; Paren, Elizabeth; Shillington, Kevin; Stacey, Gillian; Steele, Philip (2003) [2001]. Peoples of Africa (reference ed.). NY, USA: Marshall Cavendish. p. 505. ISBN 9780761471585. Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref> Ekucaleni kwaboma-1800s, indzawo yaseEzulwini yaba sigodlo sakaDlamini. Loku kwenteka ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwa[[Sobhuza I]]. Eningizimu ne[[Eswatini]] elive (nyalo lesesifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]]), kwaba khona kucabana emkhatsini wemaNgwane nemaNdwandwe, lokwaholela emphini. Kuze abalekele loludzweshu, Sobhuza wasusa inhlokodolobha yakhe yasebukhosini wayisa e[[Zombodze]]. Kulenchubo, wanqhoba bantfu labanyenti labebahlala kulelive ngaphambilini, wabafaka ngaphansi kwekubusa kwakhe. Kamuva, Sobhuza wakwati kugwema ngekwelisu kungena emphini nebukhosi lobunemandla bemaZulu, lobekabuswa eningizimu yoMfula iPongola. Ngalesikhatsi, bukhosi bemaDlamini banda emandleni futsi babusa live lebelihlanganisa lonkhe leliyiSwatini yanamuhla. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} qycl83e1pw9qkklmdazjsiswnzoxppt 43209 43208 2026-09-30T20:11:05Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* Umlandvo */ 43209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso waseEswatini]]. [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] ==Umlandvo== Bukhosi bakaDlamini bubuya kuyiNkhosi [[Dlamini I]] (lobekatiwa nangekutsi nguMatalatala), lokutsiwa wahamba nebantfu base[[Swatini]] esuka e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] wandlula e[[Tanzania]] nase[[Mozambiki]].<ref>''Who We Are''. The Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland. n.d. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014.</ref> Kodvwa-ke, [[Ngwane III]] uvame kutsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yase[[Swatini]] yesikhatsi sanamuhla, leyabusa kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780.<ref>D. Hugh Gillis (30 March 1999). ''The Kingdom of Swaziland''. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30670-9.</ref> Eminyakeni yekucala yebukhosi bakaDlamini bebabitwa ngekutsi NgemaNgwane, susela eligameni leNkosi Ngwane III.<ref>Macdonald, Fiona; Paren, Elizabeth; Shillington, Kevin; Stacey, Gillian; Steele, Philip (2003) [2001]. Peoples of Africa (reference ed.). NY, USA: Marshall Cavendish. p. 505. ISBN 9780761471585. Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref> Ekucaleni kwaboma-1800s, indzawo yaseEzulwini yaba sigodlo sakaDlamini. Loku kwenteka ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwa[[Sobhuza I]]. Eningizimu ne[[Eswatini]] elive (nyalo lesesifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]]), kwaba khona kucabana emkhatsini wemaNgwane nemaNdwandwe, lokwaholela emphini. Kuze abalekele loludzweshu, Sobhuza wasusa inhlokodolobha yakhe yasebukhosini wayisa e[[Zombodze]]. Kulenchubo, wanqhoba bantfu labanyenti labebahlala kulelive ngaphambilini, wabafaka ngaphansi kwekubusa kwakhe. Kamuva, Sobhuza wakwati kugwema ngekwelisu kungena emphini nebukhosi lobunemandla bemaZulu, lobekabuswa eningizimu yoMfula iPongola. Ngalesikhatsi, bukhosi bemaDlamini banda emandleni futsi babusa live lebelihlanganisa lonkhe leliyiSwatini yanamuhla. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} 0j1j5jplxo8s1wdlf7fionbnfju1sae 43210 43209 2026-09-30T20:11:59Z ZS Khumalo 9375 /* */ 43210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Indlu yakaDlamini''' yindlu yasebukhosini be[[Umbuso weSwatini|Mbuso waseEswatini]]. INkosi [[Mswati III]], njengenkhosi ne[[Ngwenyama]] yase[[Swatini]], ungumholi wanyalo weNdlu yakaDlamini. Emakhosi [[Emaswati|emaSwati]] kusukela kadzeni kuze kube ngunyalo abitwa ngekutsi iNgwenyama, futsi babusa ngekubambisana neNdlovukati.<ref>Leonard, Thomas M., ed. (2006). ''Encyclopedia of the Developing World''. Vol. 3. NY, USA: Routledge. p. 1512. ISBN 9780415976640. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> Emakhosi emaSwati, njengaletinye tive temaNguni, asebentisa siko lesesitsatsa bafati labanyenti, ngako-ke anebafati labanyenti kanye nebantfwana labanyenti.<ref>''Swaziland Profile, King: Mswati III''. BBC. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014</ref> [[File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|thumb| Liphawu Lendlu yakaDlamini]] ==Umlandvo== Bukhosi bakaDlamini bubuya kuyiNkhosi [[Dlamini I]] (lobekatiwa nangekutsi nguMatalatala), lokutsiwa wahamba nebantfu base[[Swatini]] esuka e[[Mpumalanga Afrika]] wandlula e[[Tanzania]] nase[[Mozambiki]].<ref>''Who We Are''. The Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland. n.d. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2014.</ref> Kodvwa-ke, [[Ngwane III]] uvame kutsatfwa njengeNkhosi yekucala yase[[Swatini]] yesikhatsi sanamuhla, leyabusa kusukela nga-1745 kuya ku-1780.<ref>D. Hugh Gillis (30 March 1999). ''The Kingdom of Swaziland''. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30670-9.</ref> Eminyakeni yekucala yebukhosi bakaDlamini bebabitwa ngekutsi NgemaNgwane, susela eligameni leNkosi Ngwane III.<ref>Macdonald, Fiona; Paren, Elizabeth; Shillington, Kevin; Stacey, Gillian; Steele, Philip (2003) [2001]. Peoples of Africa (reference ed.). NY, USA: Marshall Cavendish. p. 505. ISBN 9780761471585. Retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref> Ekucaleni kwaboma-1800s, indzawo yaseEzulwini yaba sigodlo sakaDlamini. Loku kwenteka ngesikhatsi sekubusa kwa[[Sobhuza I]]. Eningizimu ne[[Eswatini]] elive (nyalo lesesifundzeni sase[[Shiselweni]]), kwaba khona kucabana emkhatsini wemaNgwane nemaNdwandwe, lokwaholela emphini. Kuze abalekele loludzweshu, Sobhuza wasusa inhlokodolobha yakhe yasebukhosini wayisa e[[Zombodze]]. Kulenchubo, wanqhoba bantfu labanyenti labebahlala kulelive ngaphambilini, wabafaka ngaphansi kwekubusa kwakhe. Kamuva, Sobhuza wakwati kugwema ngekwelisu kungena emphini nebukhosi lobunemandla bemaZulu, lobekabuswa eningizimu yoMfula iPongola. Ngalesikhatsi, bukhosi bemaDlamini banda emandleni futsi babusa live lebelihlanganisa lonkhe leliyiSwatini yanamuhla. ==Tinkhomba== {{Reflist}} fg77r2h0ywnadcxhn1ia9l7ukc5wjjz