Wikipedia stwiki https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leqephe_la_pele MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.17 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3818 40752 29012 2026-08-27T20:42:08Z InternetArchiveBot 8513 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260827)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 40752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox disease | name = Boloetse ba kokwanahloko ya Ebola | image = 7042 lores-Ebola-Zaire-CDC Photo.jpg | caption = Setshwantsho sa 1976 sa baoki ba babedi ba emeng ka pela [[MayingaN'Seka|Mayinga N.]], motho ya nang le boloetse ba kokwanahloko ya Ebola; o ile a hlokahala matsatsi a mmalwa ka mora moo ka lebaka la phallo e mahlonoko ya madi ka hare. | DiseasesDB = 18043 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|A|98|4|a|90}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|065.8}} | MedlinePlus = 001339 | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 626 | MeshID = D019142 }} '''Kokwanahloko ya boloetse ba Ebola''' ('''EVD''') kapa '''Feberu ya phallo ya madi ya Ebola''' ('''EHF''') ke boloetse ba batho bo bokwang ke [[kokwanahloko ya Ebola]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Matshwao hantlentle a qala matsatsi a mabedi ho isa ho a mararo ka mora ho tshwaetswa ke kokwanahloko, [[feberu]], mmetso o bohloko, [[Myalgia|mesifa e opang]], le [[hlooho e opang]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Hantlentle [[ho nyekelwa ke pelo]], ho hlatsa, le [[letshollo]] di a latela ho tsamaisanang le phoketseho ya ho sebetsa ha [[sebete]] le [[diphio]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Mothating ona, batho ba itseng ba qalella ho ba le matha a [[ho tswa madi]] .<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web|title=Ebola virus disease Fact sheet N°103|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=12 April 2014|date=March 2014}}</ref> === Sebaka kapa kgohlano === Kokwanahloko e fumanwa ka ho ama [[madi]] kapa ma [[lero la mmele]] a phoofolo e tshwaeditsweng (haholoholo ditshwene kapa bo[[mmankgane ba difateng]]).<ref name=WHO2014/> Ho hasanngwa ke moya ha ho so ka ho ngolwa ka hona tikolohong e tlwaelehileng.<ref name=WHOAir2014>{{cite web|title=2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa|url=http://www.who.int/ith/updates/20140421/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=3 August 2014|date=Apr 21 2014|archive-date=29 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729034008/http://www.who.int/ith/updates/20140421/en/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Ho kgolwa hore bommankgane ba difateng ba fetisa le ho hasanya kokwanahloko ntle le hore bona ba amehe ke yona.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Hang ha tshwaetso bathong e ba teng, bohloko bo ka nama mahareng a batho jwalo.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Banna ba phonyohileng boloetseng bona ba kgona ho bo fetistsa ka [[peo a bonna]] nakong e ka etsang dikgwedi tse pedi.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Hantlentle, ele hore ho hlahlobiswe maloetse a mang a nang le matshwao a jwaloka [[malaria]], [[kholera]] le [[dikokwanahloko tsa feberu ya phallo ya madi]] tse ding di qhelelwa ka thoko sethatong. <!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Ho netefatsa tlhahlobo ya disampole tsa madi di entswe diteko tsa kokwanahloko [[dibolaya dikokwanahloko]], dikokwanahloko [[RNA]], kapa kokwanahloko ka boyona.<ref name=WHO2014/> === Thibelo === Thibelo e kenyeleditse ho fokotsa ho hasanngwa ha boloetse ho tswa ditshweneng le dikolobeng tse tshwaeditsweng ho ya bathong.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Hona ho ka etswa ka ho hlahloba tshwaetso diphoofolo tse jwalo ka ho di bolaya le ho lahla ditopo tsa tsona ka tsela e nepahetseng haeba ho fumanwa di na le boloetse.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Ho pheha nama ka ho phethahala le ho apara diaporo tse sireletsang ha ho sebetswanwa le nama ho ka ba le thuso,<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> kaha ho apara diaparo tse sireletssang le [[ho hlapa matsoho]] ha re le hara batho ba nang le boloetse.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Disampole tsa maro le dikarolo tse tswang bathong ba nang le boloetse di tshwanala ho tshwarwa ka tlhokomelo e ikgethileng.<ref name=WHO2014/> === Kalafo === Ha ho kalafo e ikgethang bakeng sa boloetse; mawala a ho thusa batho ba tshwaeditsweng a kenyeletsa ho fana ka [[kalafo ya ho ba nwesa metsi ka lehano]] (metsi a tswekerenyana le letswainyana bakeng sa hore ba nwe) kapa [[ho kenya maro ka methapo ya madi]].<ref name=WHO2014/> Boloetse bo na le [[sekgahla]] se hodimo: hangata bo boloya mahareng a 50% le 90% a ba nang le kokwanahloko.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name="Elsevier/Academic Press">{{cite book|author1=C.M. Fauquet|title=Virus taxonomy classification and nomenclature of viruses; 8th report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier/Academic Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780080575483|page=648|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=9Wy7Jgy5RWYC&pg=PA648}}</ref> EVD e ile ya hlokomelwa [[Sudan]] le [[Demoratic Republic of Congo]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Boloetse bona hantlentle bo ropoha mabatoweng a diteropiki tsa [[Afrika e Borwa ho Sahara]].<ref name=WHO2014/> Ho tloha ka 1976 ( ha bo ne bo bonwa lekgetlo la pele) ho fihla ka 2013, batho ba ka tlasenyana ho 1,000 ka selemo ba bile le tshwaetso.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=MMWRJune2014>{{cite web|title=Ebola Viral Disease Outbreak — West Africa, 2014|url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6325a4.htm?s_cid=mm6325a4_w|website=CDC|accessdate=26 June 2014|date=June 27, 2014}}</ref> Ho ropoha ho hoholohadi ho fihlela jwale ho tswelang pele [[ke ho ropoha ha Ebola Afrika Bophirima ka 2014]], ho amang [[Guinea]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Liberia]] le ho kannang ha etsahala [[Nigeria]].<ref name=CDC2014>{{cite web|title=CDC urges all US residents to avoid nonessential travel to Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone because of an unprecedented outbreak of Ebola.|url=http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/ebola-liberia|website=CDC|accessdate=2 August 2014|date=July 31, 2014}}</ref><ref name=CDCAug2014N>{{cite web|title=Outbreak of Ebola in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone|url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/guinea/index.html|website=CDC|accessdate=5 August 2014|date=August 4, 2014}}</ref> Ho tloha ka Phato 2014 ditlaleho tse fetang 1600 di se di ile tsa etswa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ebola virus disease update - West Africa|url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_08_04_ebola/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=6 August 2014|date=Aug 4, 2014|archive-date=23 November 2014|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6UJCrmDvn?url=http://www.who.int/csr/don/2014_08_04_ebola/en/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Mawala a ntse a tswelang pele a ho hlahisa [[ente]]; leha ho le jwalo, ha ho so be le a atlehang.<ref name=WHO2014/> ==Ditshupu== {{Reflist|colwidth=25em}} ; Bibiliokrafi {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite book |last=Klenk |first=Hans-Dieter |title=Marburg and Ebola Viruses (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology) |url=https://archive.org/details/marburgebolaviru0000unse |date=January 1999 |publisher=Springer-Verlag Telos |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3-540-64729-4 |ref=CITEREFKlenk1999}} * {{Cite book |first1=Hans-Dieter |last1=Klenk |first2=Heinz |last2=Feldmann |title=Ebola and Marburg viruses: molecular and cellular biology |url=http://books.google.com/?id=EV_mFgnyPoMC |format=Limited preview |year=2004 |publisher=Horizon Bioscience |location=Wymondham, Norfolk, UK |isbn=978-0-9545232-3-7 |ref=CITEREFKlenkFeldmann2004 }} * {{Cite book |last=Kuhn |first=Jens H. |title=Filoviruses: A Compendium of 40 Years of Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Studies. Archives of Virology Supplement, vol. 20 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=LaOue0F9Ns4C |format=Limited preview |year=2008 |publisher=SpringerWienNewYork |location=Vienna |isbn=978-3-211-20670-6 |ref=CITEREFKuhn2008 }} * {{Cite book |last1=McCormick |first1=Joseph |last2=Fisher-Hoch |first2=Susan |others=Horvitz, Leslie Alan |title=Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC |url=http://books.google.com/?id=QEvR3aJX2m0C |format=Limited preview |origyear=1996 |edition=Updated [3rd] |year=1999 |publisher=Barnes & Noble |isbn=978-0-7607-1208-5 |ref=CITEREFMcCormickFisher-Hoch1999 |month=June }} * {{Cite book |last=Pattyn |first=S. R. |title=Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever |year=1978 |url=http://www.itg.be/ebola/ |format=Full free text |edition=1st |publisher=Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press |location=Amsterdam |isbn=0-444-80060-3 |ref=CITEREFPattyn1978 |access-date=2014-08-29 |archive-date=2010-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101211083855/http://www.itg.be/ebola/ |dead-url=yes }} * {{Cite book | last1 = Ryabchikova | first1 = Elena I. | last2 = Price | first2 = Barbara B. | title = Ebola and Marburg Viruses: A View of Infection Using Electron Microscopy | year = 2004 | publisher = Battelle Press | location = Columbus, Ohio | isbn = 978-1-57477-131-2 | ref = CITEREFRyabchikovaPrice2004 }} {{Refend}} ==mahokela a kantle== {{Commons|Ebola}} {{Refbegin}} * [http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/207.html ViralZone: Ebola-like viruses] – Virological repository from the [[Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics]] * [http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/ CDC: Ebola hemorrhagic fever] – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch * [http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/en/ WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever] – World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response * [http://www.viprbrc.org/brc/home.do?decorator=filo Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Filoviridae] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140808072117/http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/emdb/searchResults.html/?q=ebola 3D macromolecular structures of the Ebola virus archived in the EM Data Bank (EMDB)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140819171607/https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=202977755949863934429.0004c658eb30f9c4fb1c0&ie=UTF8&t=h&ll=27.371767,5.273438&spn=110.017392,184.21875&z=2&source=embed&dg=feature Google Map of Ebola Outbreaks] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140816223245/http://www.who.int/csr/bioriskreduction/filovirus_infection_control/en/ WHO recommended infection control measures] {{Refend}} agd11fn87bexsbijlx1t1pw2ndk8o8o 0 4673 40750 23552 2026-08-27T20:40:31Z InternetArchiveBot 8513 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260827)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 40750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox disease | Name = Ditshwaetso tsa ka mora ho beleha | Image = Streptococcus pyogenes.jpg | Caption = ''[[ Streptococcus pyogenes]]'' (kgodiso e entsweng makgetlo a 900 tlasa makroskhoupu) | DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = {{ICD10|O|85||o|85}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|672}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = article | eMedicineTopic = 796892 | MeshID = D011645 }} <!-- Definition and symptoms --> '''Ditshwaetso tsa ka mora ho pepa ''', ditshwaetso tse ''' tsejwang e le tsa ka mora ho pepa''','''feberu ya ka mora ho pepa (postpartum fever)'''kapa'''childbed fever''', ke tshwaetso efe kapa efe ya [[baketheria]] ya [[motjha wa ditho tsa mosadi tsa pelehi]] ka mora [[ho beleha]] kapa [[ho senyehelwa]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Matshwao a tlwehileng a kenyeletsa [[feberu]]e fetang{{convert|38.0|C|F}}, ho bata, lehlaba tlasa mpa, boteng ba lephoka marong tswang [[bosading]]<ref name=W2014>{{cite book|title=Williams obstetrics|url=https://archive.org/details/williamsobstetri0024unse|date=2014|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|isbn=9780071798938|pages=Chapter 37|edition=24th|chapter=37}}</ref> Ka tlwaelo ho etsahala ka mora dihora tsa pele tse 24 le mahareng a matsatsi a pele a leshome ka mora ho peleha.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Hiralal Konar|title=DC Dutta's Textbook of Obstetrics|date=2014|publisher=JP Medical Ltd|isbn=9789351520672|page=432|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=LU2VAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA432}}</ref> <!-- Causes and diagnosis--> Tshwaetso e tlwaelehileng haholo ke ya [[uterus]]le dithishu tse e potapotileng'''tshwaetso ya ka mora ho pepa''' kapa '''postpartum metritis'''<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Dintlha tse kotsi di kenyeletsa [[Caesarean section]]boteng ba baketheria e itseng e jwalo ka [[streptococcussehlopha sa B sa]] ka bosading[[ho taboha ho etsahalang pele ho nako ha mara a ka popelong]], le ho beleha ho nkang nako e telele[[hara tse ding]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Boholo ba ditshwaetso bo kenyeletsa palo ya mefuta e fapaneng ya baketheria.<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Tlhahlobo ya ngaka ke ka sewelo e thuswang ke[[microbiology culture|katiso ya dibaketheria]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Ho ba sa hlaphohelweng[[setshwantsho sa bongaka se]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Disesosa tse ding tsa feberu ka mora ho pepa di kenyeletsa:[[matswele a tletseng lebese]], [[tshaetso ya motjha wa mosese]]tshwaetso ya sebaka se oporeitilweng mpeng[[leqeba le entsweng pakeng tsa bosadi le lesoba la marao]], le [[ho ba hloka moya dikarong tsa matshwafo (atelectasis)]]<ref name=W2014/> <!-- Prevention and treatment --> Ka lebaka la dikotsi ka mora C-section (Caesarean section )ho kgothaletswa hore basadi kaofela ba fumantshwe tekanyetso ya thibelo ka [[ (di)sethibelatshwaetso (antibiotic)]]se jwalo ka[[ampicillin]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Kalafo ya ditshwaetso tse tsejwang e etswa ka dithibelatswaetso boholong ba batho bo hlaphohelwa matsatsing a mabedi ho is ho a mararo.<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Ho ba nang le bolwetse bo seng bokae dithibelatshwaetso tse nowang di kanna tsa sebediswa ho seng jwalo[[dithibelatshwaetso tsa moriana o peitelwang mothapong wa madi (intravenous)]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Dithibelatswaetso tse tlwaelehileng di kenyeletsa motswako wa [[ampicillin]] le [[gentamicin]]ho ka mora ho beleha ho tlwaelehileng kapa [[clindamycin]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Ho ba sa hlaphohelweng ka kalafo e loketseng mathata a mang a jwalo ka [[ho ruruwa ha dikarolo tse itseng tse bileng di nang le boladu]]<ref name=W2014/> <!-- Epidemiology and history --> Dinaheng tse tswetseng pele ho ka etsang phesente e le nngwe ho isa ho tse pedi tsa batswetse di ba le tshwaetso ya motjha wa mosese ka mora [[ho beleha ho tlwaelehileng]]<!-- <ref name=W2014/> --> Hona ho eketseha ho ya ho diphesente tse hlano ho isa ho tse leshome le metso e meraro hara ba nang le bothata ba ho beleha le ho ya ho diphesente tse mashome a mahlano ho ba entsweng C-section pele ho tshebedio ya dithibelatshwaetso.<ref name=W2014/> Ka 2013 ditshwaetso tsena di bakile mafu a 24,000 ho fokotseha mafung a 34,000 ka 1990<ref name=GDB2013>{{cite journal|last1=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death|first1=Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.|journal=Lancet|date=17 December 2014|pmid=25530442|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}</ref> Ditlhaloso tsa pele tse tsejwang tsa boemo bona di bile teng bonyane mengwahakgolong ya bo-5 BCE(Pele ho Nako e Tlwaelehileng) [[dingolweng tsa Hippocrates]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Walvekar|first1=Vandana|title=Manual of perinatal infections|date=2005|publisher=Jaypee Bros.|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788180614729|page=153|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=DIOmY2ROeVAC&pg=PA152}}</ref> Ditshwaetso tsena ke disosa tse tlwaelehileng tsa lefu nakong ya ho hlaha ha ngwana ho tloha bonyane mongwahakgolong wa bo-18 ho fihla ka dilemo tse bo-1930 ha dithibelatshwaetso di kenngwa tshebetsong.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Magner|first1=Lois N.|title=A history of medicine|date=1992|publisher=Dekker|location=New York|isbn=9780824786731|pages=257-258|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=qtUzscI9_VIC&pg=PA258}}</ref> Ka 1847, naheng ya Austria,[[ Ignaz Semmelweiss]] ka tshebediso ya [[ho hlatswa matsoho ka]]chlorine[[ o ile a fokotsa]]<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Anderson|first1=BL|title=Puerperal group A streptococcal infection: beyond Semmelweis.|journal=Obstetrics and gynecology|date=April 2014|volume=123|issue=4|pages=874-82|pmid=24785617}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ataman|first1=AD|last2=Vatanoglu-Lutz|first2=EE|last3=Yildirim|first3=G|title=Medicine in stamps-Ignaz Semmelweis and Puerperal Fever.|journal=Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association|date=2013|volume=14|issue=1|pages=35-9|pmid=24592068}}</ref> ==Ditshupu== <references /> 2oeeamq21128yvo07em61q2idcxs3y4 0 5028 40751 40557 2026-08-27T20:41:46Z InternetArchiveBot 8513 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260827)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 40751 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:RobertFuddBewusstsein17Jh.png|thumb| Boemeli ba tsebo ho tloha lekholo la bosupa la leshome le metso e supileng ke Robert Fludd , ngaka ea Senyesemane ea Paracelsian]] '''Temoho''' ke boemo kapa boleng ba tlhokomeliso kapa ho tseba ntho e ka ntle kapa ntho e ka hare ho uena. <ref name="consciousness">{{Cite web}}</ref> <ref name="van_Gulick2004">{{Cite web}}</ref> E 'nile ea hlalosoa ka litsela tse fapaneng ho latela sentience , temoho e, qualia , subjectivity , le bokhoni ba ho fumana kapa ho ikutloa , falimehe , ho ba le boikutlo ba ho selfhood kapa moea , taba ea hore ho na le ntho e' ngoe "hore e tšoana le" ho "na le" kapa "e be" eona, le tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea kelello . <ref name="Farthing1992Psychology">{{Cite book}}</ref> Ho sa tsotellehe bothata ba tlhaloso, bo-rafilosofi ba bangata ba lumela hore ho na le boitsebiso bo ka sehloohong ba tlhahiso-pele ea hore na ke eng e tsebang hore na ke eng. <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> Joalokaha Max Velmans le Susan Schneider ba ile ba ngolla ''Blackwell Companion ho Consciousness'' : "Ntho leha e le efe eo re e tsebang ka nako e itseng e etsa karolo ea boikutlo ba rona, e leng se etsang hore re be le phihlelo ea boiphihlelo ka nako e le 'ngoe e tloaelehileng le e sa tsejoeng ka ho fetisisa bophelong ba rona." <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> [[Filosofi|Bo-rafilosofi ba Bophirimela]] , ho tloha mehleng ea Descartes le Locke , ba 'nile ba thatafalloa ho utloisisa sebōpeho sa tsebo le ho tseba lintho tsa bohlokoa tsa bona. Litaba tsa ho ameha ka filosofi ea kutloisiso li kenyelletsa hore na taba eo e lumellana haholo; ho sa tsotellehe hore na tsebo e ka hlalosoa ka tsela e ikemetseng ; ho sa tsotellehe hore na ha e le motho ea nang le tsebo e teng le hore na e ka etsoa joang; kamoo tsebo e amanang kateng le [[Dipuo|puo]] ; hore na kelo-hloko ka ba tla a utloisisa ka tsela e ha a hloke e dualistic phapang pakeng tsa e re kelellong le 'meleng kapa thepa; le hore na ho ka 'na ha e-ba bonolo ho sebelisa mechine ea k'homphieutha e kang [[Khomputa|lik'homphieutha]] kapa liroboto ho tseba, taba e ithutoang tšimong ea bohlale ba maiketsetso . Ka lebaka la liphetoho tsa thekenoloji lilemong tse mashome a seng makae tse fetileng, tsebo e fetohile sehlooho se seholo sa lipatlisiso tse sa tšoaneng tsa saense tse nang le tsebo , tse nang le menehelo e kholo ho tsoa litsing tse kang tsa [[Saekholoji|psychology]] , anthropology, <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> neuropsychology le neuroscience . Sepheo se ka sehloohong ke ho utloisisa hore na se bolela'ng ka baeloji le kelellong bakeng sa tlhahisoleseding e lokelang ho ba teng molelong-ke hore, ho khetholla li-neural le tsa kelello tse amanang le tsebo. Boholo ba lithuto tsa liteko li hlahloba tsebo ho batho ka ho botsa bafo ba tlaleho ea liphihlelo tsa bona (mohlala, "mpolelle haeba u hlokomela letho ha ke etsa sena"). Litaba tsa thahasello li kenyeletsa lintho tse kang ho lemoha maikutlo , ho hlokomoloha boitsebiso , ho latola ho holofala , le linaha tse fetotsoeng tsa tsebo e hlahisoang ke joala le lithethefatsi tse ling, kapa mekhoa ea moea kapa ea ho thuisa. Ka moriana , ka ilibana e lekanyetswa go ya ka ka ho boloka tsoheloa ba mokuli le karabelo, 'me e ka bonoa ka continuum ea linaha ho tloha falimeha feletseng le kutloisiso, ka disorientation, delirium , tahlehelo ea puisano e nang le morero,' me qetellong ho lahleheloa ke mokhatlo oa ka lebaka la bohloko susumetsa ba bang . <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> Litaba tsa ho ameha ka tsela e sebetsang li kenyelletsa hore na boteng ba tsebo bo ka hlahlojoa joang ho batho ba kulang haholo, ba sa tloaelehang, kapa ba sa tsitsitseng, le kamoo ba lokelang ho sebetsana le maemo ao ho bonahalang ho sa sebetseng kapa ho senyeha. <ref>{{cite journal|title=Late recovery from the minimally conscious state: ethical and policy implications|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2007-01-23_68_4/page/304|authors=J.J. Fins, N.D. Schiff, and K.M. Foley|journal=Neurology|year=2007|volume=68|pages=304–307|pmid=17242341|doi=10.1212/01.wnl.0000252376.43779.96|issue=4}}</ref> Tekanyo ea tsebo e lekantsoe ka litekanyetso tse bontšang boitšoaro bo tloaelehileng tse kang Glasgow Coma Scale . [[File:JohnLocke.png|right|thumb|173x173px| John Locke , rafilosofi oa Brithani ea sebetsang lekholong la bo17 la lilemo]] Tšimoloho ea khopolo ea morao-rao ea maikutlo e atisa ho bonoa ke lintlha tsa John Locke e ''buang ka ho utloisisa batho'' , tse hatisitsoeng ka 1690. <ref>{{Cite web}}</ref> Locke o hlalositse "tsebo ea se fetang ka kelellong ea motho". <ref>{{Cite web}}</ref> Moqoqo hae susumetsa maikutlo a lekholo la bo18 la la lilemo ea kelo-hloko, 'me tlhaloso ea hae hlaha Samuele Johnson ' s ketekile ''Dictionary'' (1755). <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> "Tsebo" (Sefora: ''letsoalo'' ) le boetse le hlalosoa ka 1753 moqolo oa Diderot le d'Alembert's Encyclopédie , e le "maikutlo kapa maikutlo a hare ao re nang le 'ona ho seo re se etsang." <ref> Jaucourt, Louis, chevalier de. "Tsebo." Project Project ea Phetolelo ea Collaborative ea Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert. E fetoletsoeng ke Scott St. Louis. Ann Arbor: Ho Hatisa Michigan, Makasine ea Univesithi ea Michigan, 2014. [[hdl:2027/spo.did2222.0002.986.|Qalong e hatisitsoe e le "Letsoalo," Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers]] , 3: 902 (Paris, 1753). </ref> Litlhaloso tse ngata li kenyeletsa tsebo, empa tse ling li kenyeletsa maemo a tloaelehileng a ho ba teng. == Filosofi ea kelello == Filosofi ea kelello e entse hore ho be le maemo a mangata mabapi le tsebo. ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' ka 1998 e hlakisa tsebo e latelang: {{quote|'''Consciousness'''—Philosophers have used the term 'consciousness' for four main topics: knowledge in general, intentionality, introspection (and the knowledge it specifically generates) and phenomenal experience... Something within one's mind is 'introspectively conscious' just in case one introspects it (or is poised to do so). Introspection is often thought to deliver one's primary knowledge of one's mental life. An experience or other mental entity is 'phenomenally conscious' just in case there is 'something it is like' for one to have it. The clearest examples are: perceptual experience, such as tastings and seeings; bodily-sensational experiences, such as those of pains, tickles and itches; imaginative experiences, such as those of one's own actions or perceptions; and streams of thought, as in the experience of thinking 'in words' or 'in images'. Introspection and phenomenality seem independent, or dissociable, although this is controversial.<ref name=Craig>{{cite book |author=[[Edward Craig (philosopher)|Edward Craig]] |title=Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy |url=https://archive.org/details/routledgeencyclo0010unse |publisher=Routledge |chapter=Consciousness |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-415-18707-7}}</ref>}} Ka tlhaloso e kholo ea ho ''lemoha'' , Stuart Sutherland o behile mohlala oa mathata a mang a ho utloisisa ka botlalo litlhaloso tsohle tsa eona tse nang le moelelo ha a kena ho ea ka phetolelo ea 1989 ea ''Macmillan Dictionary ea Psychology'' : '''Boitemoho -''' Ke boemo ba ho ba le mehopolo le maikutlo; boitsebo. Lereo lena ha ho kgonahale ho le hlalosa ka ho phethahala ntle le maemong a sa hlaloseheng hantle ka bohlale ntle le ho utwlisisa hantle hore na boitemoho bo bolelang. Batho ba bangata ba wela sefing sa ho lekanya boitemoho le boitemohelo/boitsebo ba motho ka mong - ho itemoha hakaalo ha ho bolele fela ho tseba lefatshe kantle. Boitemoho ke sehlooho se kgahlang empa karolo ya boithuto e sa utwlisiseheng habonolo: ha ho kgonehe ho hlakisa ka ho toba hore ke eng, e etsang le hore hobaneng e fetohile ho ya ka dinako. Ha ho na ditaba tse ngata tsa bohlokwa tse ngotsweng ka taba ena. Bangoli ba bangata ba filosofi ea tsebo ba 'nile ba ameha ka ho sireletsa ntlha e itseng ea maikutlo,' me ba hlophise boitsebiso ba bona ka tsela e nepahetseng. Bakeng sa lipatlisiso, mokhoa o tloaelehileng ke ho latela tsela ea histori ka ho kopanya maemo le bo-rafilosofi ba amanang haholo le bona, mohlala, Descartes, Locke, Kant, joalo-joalo. Ntho e 'ngoe ke ho hlophisa maemo a filosofi ho latela litaba tsa motheo. Phenomenology ke mokhoa oa lipatlisiso o lekang ho hlahloba sebopeho sa tsebo ka bobona, ho behella ka thōko mathata a amanang le kamano ea tlhokomelo ho lefatše la sebele. Mokhoa ona o ile oa qala ka morero oa rafilosofi Edmund Husserl , 'me hamorao o ile oa hlalosoa ke bo-rafilosofi ba bang le bo-rasaense. <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> Maikutlo a qalong a Husserl a ile a etsa hore ho be le lipatlisiso tse peli tse fapaneng, filosofi le kelello ea kelello. Ka filosofi , lintho tse ngata tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o hlollang li 'nile tsa inehela lipotsong tsa motheo tsa metaphysical, tse kang boikutlo ba boikemisetso ( ''"ho bua"'' ). Ka kelellofi , ho hlolloa ha ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho bolela ho leka ho batlisisa tsebo ka mokhoa oa ho kenyelletsa , ho bolelang ho sheba ka kelellong ea motho le ho tlaleha seo motho a se bonang. Mokhoa ona o ile oa oela lilemong tse mashome a mabeli a lekholo la pele la lilemo ka lebaka la lipelaelo tse tebileng mabapi le ho tšepahala ha oona, empa o nchafalitsoe ho isa tekanyong e itseng, haholo ha e sebelisoa hammoho le mekhoa ea ho hlahloba boko bo sebetsang. <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ar8o107ldds1aol2fi6rmh8cfbcb31e 0 10871 40753 40715 2026-08-28T01:35:25Z SANKOMOTA 11165 Created by translating the section "Political career" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348014686|Ketso Makume]]" 40753 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Ketso "Toto" Makume''' (a tswalwang ka la 30 Pudungwana 1972) ke radipolotiki wa Afrika Borwa ya bileng setho sa lekgotla la tsamaiso la Free State bakeng sa ditjhelete, Bohahlaudi le ntshetsopele ya moruo ho tloha ka 2024 le setho sa lekgotla la naha la Free State ho tloha ka Hlakubele 2023. O ne a kile a ba MEC ya naha ya mahala bakeng sa tsamaiso e kopaneng le ditaba tsa setso le diphapang tsa batho ho tloha ka 2023 ho fihlela ka 2024. Makume o ile a kgethwa e le motlatsi wa mopresidente wa Porofense wa [[African National Congress]] ka Pherekgong 2023. == Mosebetsi wa dipolotiki == Ka Motsheanong 2021, Makume o ile a kgethwa hore e be setho sa komiti ya Diprofinse ya nakoana (IPC) ya [[African National Congress]] kamora hore lekgotla le phahameng la boipiletso le ahlole hore kopano ya dikgetho ya diprofinse ya 2018 ya mokga e ne e le tlolo eya molao mme e hlakotse boetapele ba diprofinsi bo kgethilweng kopanong. Kopanong ea likhetho ea ANC e neng e tšoaretsoe ho tloha ka la 21 ho isa ho la 22 Pherekgong 2023, Makume o ile a kgethwa ho tloha mokatong wa kopano bakeng sa boemo ba motlatsi wa mopresidente wa Porofense; o ile a hlola ramotse wa mehleng wa Mangaung Thabo Manyoni, a hapa boemo ka dikgetho tse 346 ha Manyoni a fumana dikgetho tse 307 feela. 9mn8qbd2qee6zziy011kbxlkijkzwdr 40754 40753 2026-08-28T01:36:27Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* Mosebetsi wa dipolotiki */ 40754 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Ketso "Toto" Makume''' (a tswalwang ka la 30 Pudungwana 1972) ke radipolotiki wa Afrika Borwa ya bileng setho sa lekgotla la tsamaiso la Free State bakeng sa ditjhelete, Bohahlaudi le ntshetsopele ya moruo ho tloha ka 2024 le setho sa lekgotla la naha la Free State ho tloha ka Hlakubele 2023. O ne a kile a ba MEC ya naha ya mahala bakeng sa tsamaiso e kopaneng le ditaba tsa setso le diphapang tsa batho ho tloha ka 2023 ho fihlela ka 2024. Makume o ile a kgethwa e le motlatsi wa mopresidente wa Porofense wa [[African National Congress]] ka Pherekgong 2023. == Mosebetsi wa dipolotiki == Ka Motsheanong 2021, Makume o ile a kgethwa hore e be setho sa komiti ya Diprofinse ya nakoana (IPC) ya [[African National Congress]] kamora hore lekgotla le phahameng la boipiletso le ahlole hore kopano ya dikgetho ya diprofinse ya 2018 ya mokga e ne e le tlolo eya molao mme e hlakotse boetapele ba diprofinsi bo kgethilweng kopanong. Kopanong ea likhetho ea ANC e neng e tshwerwe ho tloha ka la 21 ho isa ho la 22 Pherekgong 2023, Makume o ile a kgethwa ho tloha mokatong wa kopano bakeng sa boemo ba motlatsi wa mopresidente wa Porofense; o ile a hlola ramotse wa mehleng wa Mangaung Thabo Manyoni, a hapa boemo ka dikgetho tse 346 ha Manyoni a fumana dikgetho tse 307 feela. 03gh13zsb5dt8xykbntal2dab6uv554 0 10876 40755 2026-08-28T01:44:45Z SANKOMOTA 11165 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1340418138|Cedric Xulu]]" 40755 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa. s8yejffnxh95yb6s4ci54qp43ejdh74 40756 40755 2026-08-28T01:45:35Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* */ 40756 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200606163615/https://www.enca.com/sport/football-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-dies-aged-81</ref> 6sy5w2odw354zyjigw80nxxtfocnqwi 40757 40756 2026-08-28T01:46:27Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* */ 40757 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200606163615/https://www.enca.com/sport/football-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-dies-aged-81</ref><ref>https://ewn.co.za/2020/05/05/amazulu-and-other-sa-clubs-pay-tribute-to-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu</ref> nk700jopkiywyrmpj1ibog0070ii26w 40758 40757 2026-08-28T01:46:57Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* */ 40758 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200606163615/https://www.enca.com/sport/football-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-dies-aged-81</ref><ref>https://ewn.co.za/2020/05/05/amazulu-and-other-sa-clubs-pay-tribute-to-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu</ref><ref>https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-05-05-tributes-continue-to-pour-in-for-amazulu-legend-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu/</ref> 39x7ydi57y2ekq8iu3ratj7c4iq8riy 40759 40758 2026-08-28T01:47:30Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* */ 40759 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200606163615/https://www.enca.com/sport/football-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-dies-aged-81</ref><ref>https://ewn.co.za/2020/05/05/amazulu-and-other-sa-clubs-pay-tribute-to-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu</ref><ref>https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-05-05-tributes-continue-to-pour-in-for-amazulu-legend-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu/</ref><ref>https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/amazulu-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu-dies/</ref> r9bda7cmpdumospdufbfsukobelfdk6 40760 40759 2026-08-28T01:47:57Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* */ 40760 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200606163615/https://www.enca.com/sport/football-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-dies-aged-81</ref><ref>https://ewn.co.za/2020/05/05/amazulu-and-other-sa-clubs-pay-tribute-to-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu</ref><ref>https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-05-05-tributes-continue-to-pour-in-for-amazulu-legend-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu/</ref><ref>https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/amazulu-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu-dies/</ref><ref>https://www.sport24.co.za/Soccer/PSL/amazulu-confirm-death-of-club-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-20200505</ref> 3kj2vyeghg3umytbl2jj583048eam30 40761 40760 2026-08-28T01:48:27Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* */ 40761 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200606163615/https://www.enca.com/sport/football-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-dies-aged-81</ref><ref>https://ewn.co.za/2020/05/05/amazulu-and-other-sa-clubs-pay-tribute-to-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu</ref><ref>https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-05-05-tributes-continue-to-pour-in-for-amazulu-legend-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu/</ref><ref>https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/amazulu-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu-dies/</ref><ref>https://www.sport24.co.za/Soccer/PSL/amazulu-confirm-death-of-club-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-20200505</ref><ref>https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-05-05-tributes-continue-to-pour-in-for-amazulu-legend-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu/</ref> hbsllyewrn8ruwg5x9e68o4afdlx933 40762 40761 2026-08-28T01:48:50Z SANKOMOTA 11165 /* */ 40762 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cedric "Sugar Ray" Xulu''' (13 Tshitwe 1939 - 4 Motsheanong 2020) e ne e le sebapadi sa bolo ya maoto sa Afrika Borwa.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20200606163615/https://www.enca.com/sport/football-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-dies-aged-81</ref><ref>https://ewn.co.za/2020/05/05/amazulu-and-other-sa-clubs-pay-tribute-to-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu</ref><ref>https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-05-05-tributes-continue-to-pour-in-for-amazulu-legend-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu/</ref><ref>https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/amazulu-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu-dies/</ref><ref>https://www.sport24.co.za/Soccer/PSL/amazulu-confirm-death-of-club-legend-sugar-ray-xulu-20200505</ref><ref>https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2020-05-05-tributes-continue-to-pour-in-for-amazulu-legend-cedric-sugar-ray-xulu/</ref> == Mehlodi == 7woqofbk7h616c3eqxf8xqfyjde1fkx 0 10877 40763 2026-08-28T01:51:19Z SANKOMOTA 11165 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1298878462|Arthur Riley]]" 40763 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Riley''' (26 Tshitwe 1903 - Motsheanong 1984) e ne e le sebapadi sa matjhaba sa Afrika Borwa se neng se boetse se bapala bolo ya maoto bakeng sa Liverpool. lqotjj8y7ixvrbwu5rc9l2v4fohks8c