Wikipedia stwiki https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leqephe_la_pele MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 10929 41135 41133 2026-09-07T00:20:23Z InternetArchiveBot 8513 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 41135 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yossel Mashel "Joe" Slovo''' (23 Motsheanong 1926)&nbsp;– 6 Pherekhong 1995) e ne e le radipolotiki wa [[Afrika Borwa]] , mohanyetsi wa kgethollo ya morabe, le mofetohedi. Kaha e ne e le Marxist-Leninist, e ne e le moetapele le setsebi sa thuto ya bodumedi sa nako e telele sa South African Communist Party (SACP), setho se ka sehloohong sa [[African National Congress]] (ANC), le molaodi wa lepheo la sesole la ANC, uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK). Slovo e ne e le moemedi wa Kopano ya Batho ba merabe e mengata ya Phuptjane 1955 e ileng ya qapa Tokomane ya Tokoloho . O ile a kwallwa tjhankaneng dikgwedi tse tsheletseng ka 1960, mme a hlahella e le moetapele oa Mkhonto we Sizwe selemong se latelang. O phetse botlamuoeng ho tloha ka 1963 ho isa ho 1990, a etsa mesebetsi e kgahlanong le puso ya khethollo ya morabe ho tswa United Kingdom, Angola, Mozambique le Zambia . Ka 1990, o ile a kgutlela Afrika Borwa, mme a nka karolo dipuisanong tse ileng tsa fedisa kgethollo ya morabe. O ile a tsebahala ka ho hlahisa "melao ya ho dikela ha letsatsi" e akaretsang dilemo tse hlano tse latelang kgethong ya demokrasi, ho kenyeletswa le ditiisetso le ditumello ho mahlakore ohle, <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180512200247/http://www.sacp.org.za/people/slovo/negotiations.html</ref>le boemo ba hae bo matla ba ho se kgetholle morabe . Kamora dikgetho tsa 1994, e ile ya ba letona la Matlo mmusong wa Nelson Mandela . Slovo o hlokahetse ka lebaka la kankere ka 1995. <ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/07/obituaries/joe-slovo-anti-apartheid-stalinist-dies-at-68.html</ref><ref>{{Cite news|newspaper=Bill Keller}}</ref> == Bophelo ba botho le ba dipolotiki == === Lelapa, dikamano le thuto === Slovo o hlahile ka la 23 Motsheanong 1926 Obeliai, Lithuania, lelapeng la Bajuda le ileng la fallela Kopanong ya Afrika Borwa ha a le dilemo di robedi. Ntate wa hae o ne a sebetsa e le mokhanni wa diterata tsa Johannesburg . Leha lelapa la hae le ne le rata bolumeli, o ile a fetoha mokgelohi ya ileng a dula a hlompha "dikarolo tse ntle tsa setso sa Sejuda ". <ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-joe-slovo-1566935.html</ref>Slovo o rutehile Sekolong sa King Edward VII  mme a tlohela sekolo ka 1941 mme a fumana mosebetsi wa ho ba tlelereke ya dispatch. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Review_of_African_Political_Economy</ref>O ile a kenela Mokgatlo wa Naha wa Basebetsi ba Kabo mme, jwalo ka molebedi wa mabenkele, o ne a ameha ho hlophiseng seteraeke. Pakeng tsa 1946 le 1950, o qetile lengolo la molao Univesithing ya Witswatersrand mme e ne e le moithuti ya lwanelang ditokelo tsa molao. O ne a le sehlopheng se le seng le Nelson Mandela le Harry Schwarz . Ka 1949, Slovo o ile a nyala Ruth First, mohanyetsi e mong ya tummeng wa Mojuda kgahlanong le khethollo ya morabe le moradi oa mohlokomedi wa matlotlo wa SACP Julius First. Ba ne ba ena le barali ba bararo, Shawn, [[Gillian Slovo|Gillian]] le [[Robyn Slovo|Robyn]] . Ruth First o ile a bolaoa ka 1982 Maputo, ka taelo ea Craig Williamson, eo e neng e le molaodi wa Sepolesa sa Afrika Boroa . <ref>http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=13&art_id=qw959878501885B236</ref> Slovo e ne e le mohlahlobisisi ya matla wa Iseraele, eo a neng a e nka e le naha ea kgethollo ya morabe, mme o hlalositswe hara "batho ba batlang ho bona toka dintweng hohle moo di lwanoang teng". <ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-67257862</ref> === Ho nka karolo Mokgahlelong wa Bokomonisi wa Afrika Borwa (SACP) === Slovo o ile a ikopanya le Mokga wa Makomonisi wa Afrika Borwa ka 1942. Ka lebaka la ho susumetsoa ke dintwa tsa Lebotho le Lefubelu kgahlanong le Jeremane ya Bonazi ka Botjhabela ba Ntwa ya II ya Lefatshe, Slovo o ile a ithaopela ho lwana ntweng. O sebeleditse e le Moemedi wa Letshwao mesebetsing ya ntwa bakeng sa mabotho a Afrika Borwa Afrika Leboya le Italy, mme ha a kgutlela Afrika Borwa o ile a ikopanya le Springbok Legion, mokgatlo wa masole a mehleng a mehleng a nang le ditso tse ngata a ratang ntwa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-875284-95-5</ref> Ka 1950, SACP e ile ea thibeloa mme First le Slovo ka bobedi li ne di thathamisitsweng e le Makomonisi tlasa Molao wa Kgatello ya Bokomonisi 'me di ne di ke ke tsa qotswa kapa tsa ya dibakeng tsa setjhaba Afrika Borwa. O ile a qala ho ba mafolofolo Kopanong ya Mademokrate ya Afrika Borwa (molekane wa ANC jwalo ka karolo ya Kopano ya Kopano ) mme e ne e le moemedi Kopanong ya Batho ya Phuptjane 1955 e neng e hlophisitswe ke ANC le mekgatlo ya Maindia, Makhalate le masweu Kliptown haufi le Johannesburg, e ileng ya etsa [[Molao wa Tokoloho|Tokoloho ya Tokoloho]] . O ile a tšoaroa 'me a koalloa likhoeli tse peli nakong ea Nyewe ya Bofetohedi ea 1956. Liqoso tse khahlanong le yena di ile tsa hlakoloa ka 1958. Hamorao o ile a tshwarwa dikgwedi tse tsheletseng nakong ya phatlalatso ya naha ya tshohanyetso kamora polao ya Sharpeville ka 1960. Ka 1961, Slovo le Abongz Mbede ba ile ba hlaha e le baetapele ba babedi ba Mkhonto we Sizwe (MK), lepheo la sesole la ANC, le thehilweng ka selekane pakeng tsa ANC le SACP. Ka 1984, o ile a kgethwa ho ba mongoli kakaretso wa SACP Lusaka, Zambia, mme ka 1985, e ile ya ba setho sa pele sa lekgowa sa phethahatso ya naha ya ANC.   === Nako ya botlamuwa le ho kgutla === [[File:Yasser_Arafat_and_Joe_Slovo_(1986).jpg|thumb| Slovo le Yasser Arafat lepatong la mopresidente wa Mozambique Samora Machel, 1986]] Ka 1963, o ile a ya botlamuweng mme a dula [[United Kingdom|Brithani]], [[Angola]], [[Mozambiki|Mozambique]] le [[Zambia]] . Boemong ba hae jwalo ka mookamedi wa basebetsi ba MK, o ile a ngola mesebetsi ya yona ka molao, jwalo ka ho phatloha ha bomo ya Church Street ka 1983.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.justice.gov.za/trc/media/1997/9705/s970512a.htm |access-date=2026-09-04 |archive-date=2019-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017035846/http://www.justice.gov.za/trc/media/1997/9705/s970512a.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Ka 1982, mosadi wa Slovo, [[Ruth First]], o ile a bolawa Maputo, Mozambique, moo banyalani bao ba neng ba lula botlamuweng. Ka 1984, Slovo, setho sa ANC le SACP, o ile a qobellwa ho tloha Mozambique ho latela Tumellano ya Nkomati pakeng tsa Rephaboliki ya Batho ba Marxist ya Mozambique le Afrika Boroa ea khethollo ya morabe. <ref>{{Cite book|pages=130–131}}</ref> Ka Motsheanong 1990, kamora dilemo tse 27 tsa botlamuwa,<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/17/world/old-marxist-returns-with-hope-for-south-africa.html</ref> Slovo o ile a kgutlela naheng eo ho ya nka karolo "dipuisanong tsa pele mabapi le dipuisano" pakeng tsa mmuso le ANC. Kaha o ne a kula, o ile a itokolla mosebetsing jwalo ka mongodi kakaretso wa SACP ka 1991 mme a fuwa boemo ba sehlooho ba ho ba modulasetulo wa SACP. Slovo o ile a hlahlangwa ke Chris Hani, ya ileng a bolaoa lilemo tse pedi hamorao ke lesole le lesweu le letona. Slovo e ne e le motho ya neng a ena le modemona ka nako e telele setjhabeng sa batho ba basweu ba Afrika Borwa, a hlaloswa hampe haholo e le kolonele wa KGB kapa moemedi wa lekunutu oa Russia, 'me a hohela boraditaba ba bangata kamora ho kgutla ha hae. <ref>{{Cite book|pages=134–135}}</ref> === Ho fediswa ha kgethollo ya morabe Afrika Borwa ("Dikarolwana tsa Letsatsi la ho Timela") === Ka 1992, Slovo e ile ya fumana katleho e kgolo dipuisanong tsa ho felisa kgethollo ya morabe Afrika Borwa ka ho hlahisa "di-clause tsa ho dikela ha letsatsi" tse ntlafaditsweng ke boetapele ba ANC/SACP: mmuso wa kopanelo ka dilemo tse hlano kamora dikgetho tsa demokrasi, ditiisetso bakeng sa basebetsi ba mmuso, ho kenyeletswa le mahae le mabotho a hlometseng, le tshebetso ea tshwarelo. Tsena di ne di reretswe ho thibela diphetoho tsa mmuso tsa lepheo le letona le ho se tsitse ha mmuso. Leha ho le jwalo, Slovo o hanne ka ho toba tumellano efe kapa efe mabapi le puso e felletseng ya bongata, le tumellano efe kapa efe e "thibileng ka molaotheo ka ho sa feleng" mmuso o motjha "ho kenella ka katleho ho ntshetsa pele tshebetso ya ho lokisa ho se leka-lekane ho bokelletsweng ka merabe maemong ohle a bophelo".<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180512200247/http://www.sacp.org.za/people/slovo/negotiations.html</ref> === Teko ya polao === Mathwasong a 1993, sehlopha sa batho ba feteletseng se ile sa rera boiteko ba ho bolaya Slovo, empa Jacques Pauw, moqolotsi wa ditaba wa koranta ''ya The Star'', a mo tsebisa ka seo, ho fapana le mapolesa, a neng a tseba ka tlhaselo e rerilweng matsatsing a fetileng. Slovo o ile a bua ka matshwenyeho a hae mabapi le karolo ya mapolesa ka ho re: "Ho etsa hore motho a ipotse hore na ke mang eo motho a ka mo tšepang sepoleseng". <ref>https://www.the-independent.com/news/world/police-foil-plot-to-murder-slovo-communist-party-leader-says-assassination-plan-points-to-rightwing-desperation-over-progress-towards-multiracial-state-2322367.html</ref> Slovo o ne a le dilemo di 67 ka nako eo banna ba bahlano ba neng ba hokahanya boiteko ba polao ka ntle ho ntlo ya hae Johannesburg pakeng tsa la 15 Motsheanong le la 21 Motsheanong 1993.<ref>https://www.the-independent.com/news/world/police-foil-plot-to-murder-slovo-communist-party-leader-says-assassination-plan-points-to-rightwing-desperation-over-progress-towards-multiracial-state-2322367.html</ref> === Bophelo le lefu hamorao === [[File:Ruth_First_and_Joe_Slovo_(5021266886).jpg|thumb| Letlapa le mane Camden Town]] Kamora dikgetho tsa 1994, Slovo e ile ea eba Letona la matlo mmusong wa [[Nelson Mandela]], ho fihlela lefung la hae ka 1995 ka lebaka la kankere .<ref>https://sahistory.org.za/dated-event/joe-slovo-dies</ref> Lepato la hae le ne le etetsoe ke balaodi bohle ba phahameng ba ANC, le boholo ba bahlanka ba phahameng ka ho fetisisa naheng, ho kenyeletsoa le Nelson Mandela le [[Thabo Mbeki]], mme o ile a patwa [[Serapa sa mabitleng sa Avalon|Avalon Cemetery]], [[Soweto]], e leng ntho e neng e sa tsejwe ke motho e mosweu wa Afrika Borwa. Ketsahalo ena e ne e ena le batho ba 50,000, hoo e ka bang bohle e le batho ba batsho. <ref name="SAR">{{Cite journal|pages=3}}</ref> == Dingodilweng tse ding, ditlotla le mosebetsi wa ho bapala == === Ditlhompho tsa setjhaba le tse tshwanang le tsona === [[File:Joe_Slovo_Grave,_Avalon_Cemetery,_Soweto.jpg|thumb|356x356px| Lebitla la Joe Slovo [[Serapa sa mabitleng sa Avalon|mabitleng a Avalon]], [[Soweto]]]] Ka 2004, Slovo e ile a kgethwa ya bo47 ho Maafrika Borwa a 100 a Hlwahlwa . Metse ya mekhukhu e hahilweng hodima mesebetsi ya mobu Durban le Cape Town e ile ya rehellwa ka Joe Slovo ke bathehi ba yona. Tsela ya Harrow e Johannesburg le Field Street e Durban Central di ile tsa rehwa lebitso la Joe Slovo Drive le Joe Slovo Street ka ho latellana. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180406102327/http://www.durban.gov.za/City_Government/street_renaming/Biographies/Pages/Joe-Slovo.aspx</ref> Moaho o sa tswa hahuwa wa Bodulo Univesithing ya Rhodes e [[Grahamstown]], Afrika Borwa, o rehilwe lebitso la "Joe Slovo" ho tlotla monna eo.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180124070856/http://www.ru.ac.za/admissiongateway/campuslife/hallsofresidence/</ref> Congress of South African Trade Unions, e leng federation e kgolo ka ho fetisisa ya mekgatlo ya basebetsi Afrika Borwa, le motswalle wa ANC le SACP, e thusa ho hlophisa Thuto ya Sehopotso sa Joe Slovo ya selemo le selemo<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180126012414/http://www.cosatu.org.za/show.php?ID=310</ref> mme hangata e ntsha polelo ka sehopotso sa lefu la hae.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180125193635/http://www.cosatu.org.za/show.php?ID=12286</ref> Ka 2024, dijong tsa mantsibuya tsa mokete wa sehopotso sa bo120 sa Boto ya Badeputi ba Bajuda ba Afrika Borwa (SABJD), o ile a hlomphuwa hara Maafrika Borwa a 100 a ikgethang a Bajuda a kentseng letsoho ho thusa Afrika Borwa. <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jorzdQVRhI</ref>Mokete ona o ne o kenyelletsa lipuo tsa Moruti e Moholo Ephraim Mirvis, mme Slovo o ile a hlomphuwa ka baitseki ba bang ba kgahlanong le kgethollo ya morabe, Helen Suzman, Rusty Bernstein, Arthur Goldreich le [[Ruth First]] .<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jorzdQVRhI</ref><ref>https://www.sajr.co.za/story-of-tenacity-board-honours-great-south-africans/</ref> Slovo o ne a ratwa haholo ho pholletsa le Afrika e ka Borwa, mme makasine e ka sehloohong ya Zimbabwe, ''Southern African Political and Economic Monthly'' e ne e phatlalatsa tokollo e kgethehileng ka lefu la hae, mme e hlalosa Slovo sebokeng sa lefu la hae e le "mohale ya ntwa ya tokoloho" le "motho wa Afrika ya ratang naha" ya qwetseng ka botlalo ntoeng ya tokoloho ea batho ba batšo. <ref name="SAR" /> === Cinema le mmino === Joe Slovo o hlaha e le sebapali difiliming tse pedi tseo moradi wa hae Shawn Slovo a ngotseng filimi ya hae ho tsona. Filiming e hapileng dikgau ya 1988 ''ya A World Apart'', o hlahiswa e le "Gus Roth" (e bapaloang ke Jeroen Krabbé ). O bapalwa ke Malcolm Purkey filiming ya 2006 ''ya Catch A Fire'' . == Ditshupiso == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jhqpkyeu86y5oueg9u2w5osw1xolcfs 0 10969 41136 2026-09-07T11:56:03Z SANKOMOTA 11165 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359712189|Umqombothi]]" 41136 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Umqombothi''' (  ), ke mofuta wa jwala ba setso wa Afrika Borwa o entsweng ka poone (poone), 'malte oa poone, 'malte oa sorghum, tomoso le metsi. Biri e na le jwala bo fokolang haholo (hangata bo ka tlase ho 3%) empa e na le divithamine tsa B tse ngata. E na le sebopeho se teteaneng, se boreledi, le se nang le matheba (ho tswa pooneng), monko o boima le o hlakileng o bodila, le ponahalo e sa bonahaleng, e mmala o boreledi. Umqombothi e theko e tlase ho feta biri tsa lager tsa kgwebo tse entsweng ka harese mme di natefisitswe ka dipalesa tsa hop . == Mekgwa wa setso wa ho lokisa == Umqombothi e ritelwa ho latela meetlo ya setso, mme ena e fapana hanyane ho ya ka dibaka. Risepe hangata e fetisetswa melokong e mengata. Biri e phehwa mollong ka ntle ho ntlo ka setso. Ebe e phodisa butle-butle ho fihlela motjhesong o tlwaelehileng ka ntle ho ntlo. Metswako e sebediswang ke: ditekanyo tse lekanang tsa phofo ya poone, malt ya poone e pshatlehileng (malt ya poone), le malt ya sorghum e pshatlehileng. Moriana wa poone o fana ka biri e bobebe e nang le tatso e monate. Moriana wa sorghum o fana ka biri e lefifi. Metswako e kopantswe ka pitseng ya tshepe e entsweng ka tshepe, e tsejwang e le potjie Afrika Borwa. Ho eketswa litekanyo tse 'ne tsa metsi a futhumetseng. Motswako o sala bosiu bohle. Motsoako o qala ho bela, mme ho hlaha dipululana. Monko o bolila o ka bonwa. Karolo e nyane ya seboko e tlosoa mme e bewa ka thoko. Sekotwana se setseng se phehilwe ho fihlela ho hlaha seretse se nang le makukuno. Sehlahiswa sena se tsejoa e le [[Lesheleshele|isidudu]] mme se ka jewa e le [[motoho]] . Ha biri e etswa, isidudu e tlohelwa hore e phole letsatsi lohle. Ka mora hore motswako o phole, o tswelwa ka hara setshelo se seholo sa polasetiki. Sefate se neng se behetswe ka thoko se eketswa ka hara vathe. Sekotwana sa malt a sorghum le sekotwana sa malt a poone se eketswa ka hara nkgo. Seno se qhibilihiswa ka kgaba ya setso e bitswang [[iphini]] . Sekoti se kwahetswe ka sekoahelo le kobo (ho boloka motjheso). Sekoti se bewa sebakeng se mofuthu bosiu bohle ho kgothaletsa ho bela. Ho bona hore na seno se se se loketse, mokgwa wa setso wa ho leka ke ho hotetsa mollo o haufi le nkgo. Haeba mollo o phatloha kapele, seno se tla be se loketse. Haeba mollo o ntse o hotetse, seno ha se so lokele. Lebaka ke hobane seretse se belisang se hlahisa khabone e ngata ea carbon dioxide, e sa lumelleng ho cha ha matjhe. Ha seno se se se loketse, sekotwana se bedisitsweng se sefshwa ka sesefa se seholo sa tshepe ho tlosa dithollo tse senyehileng. Seretse se ka tlase ho setshelo se tsejwa e le intshela . Intshela e eketswa biring e sefuweng ho fana ka tatso e eketsehileng. Dithollo tse senyehileng lia hatellwa mme hangata di lahlelwa fatshe bakeng sa dikgoho . Moetsi wa biri o leboha baholo-holo ba hae ha a ntse a lahla poone ka setso. Hang ha biri e se e hloekisitswe, e tshelwa ka hara terompeta e kgolo ya setjhaba e tsejwang e le gogogo. E se e loketse ho arolelanwa le metswalle le ba lelapa. Ha baeti ba fihla lapeng la moetsi wa biri ho tla latswa biri le ho kopanela moketeng, ka tloaelo ba tlisa botlolo ea brandy e le letshwao la teboho. [[File:Umqombothi_en_ukhamba,_cerveza_tradicional_sudafricana_01.jpg|thumb| Umqombothi o ne a sebeletsa ka ''ukhamba'', sekepe sa biri [[Mazulu|sa Sezulu]] [[Motse Kapa|Cape Town]], [[Afrika Borwa]] .]] == Tshebediso ya setso == Umqombothi e sebediswa ho keteka ho kgutlela hae ha bahlankana, ba tsejwang e le ''bakgwetha'' setsong sa Maxhosa, kamora ho qalwa le ho bolla banna ka bodumedi . Biri ena e phetha karolo ya bohlokwa ha motho a ikopanya le baholo-holo ba hae, ''[[Izinyanya|dinyanya]]'', mme e bapala karolo ya bohlokwa sechabeng, kahoo hangata e sebediswa nakong ya matjhato a setso, mapato le di-imbizo (liboka tsa setso). <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160602034304/http://www.beerhouse.co.za/2014/10/30/umqombothi-africas-original-sorghum-beer/</ref> == Matshwenyeho a bophelo bo botle == Phuputso <ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11811766</ref> e fumane hore mabele le poone tse sebediswang e le metswako ya umqombothi hangata di silafaditswe ke hlobo e hlahisang mycotoxin e ''bitswang Aspergillus'' spp. , ''Penicillium'' spp. , ''Rhizopus'' spp. le ''Mucor'' spp. Leha biri e phethilweng e sa silafatswa ke di-fungus, 33% ya biri ya sorghum e entsweng kgwebong e ne e na le tjhefo ya aflatoxin mme 45% ya biri e entsweng hae e ne e na le zearalenone kapa ochratoxin A (kapa ka bobedi) Sehlahiswa sa ho qetela. Profense [[Kapa Botjhabela|ya Kapa Botjhabela]] ya Afrika Borwa e na le palo e phahameng haholo ya batho ba nang le kankere ya mmetso . <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20151222201452/http://www.livewire.co.za/features/tcancer.html</ref>Diphuputso tse entsweng ke Lekgotla la Diphuputso tsa Bongaka la Afrika Borwa di bontsha hore di-mycotoxin tse pooneng e lenngweng hae di amana le ho ata ha kankere ena. == Setso se tsebahalang == E boletswe pineng e nang le lebitso le tshwanang e binwang ke Yvonne Chaka Chaka . Mantswe a pina a e bitsa " biri ya magic ya Afrika ." Pina ena e utlwa qalong ya ''Hotel Rwanda'' . == Bona hape ==   * Burukutu e Afrika Bophirimela, [[Chad]] le [[Ethiopia]] . * Chibuku le Munkoyo kapa ' Ibwatu ' [[Zambia]] . == Ditshupiso == [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4s750755ca06id3agind00ln0krbm8u