Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.2 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Gine Bisau 0 2826 1543947 1543458 2026-05-15T21:06:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Gine-Bisau | jina_asili = República da Guiné-Bissau (Kireno) | bendera = Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg | nembo = Coat_of_arms_of_Guinea-Bissau_(variant).svg | kauli_mbiu = "Umoja, Mapambano, Maendeleo" | wimbo_wa_taifa = "Esta É a Nossa Pátria Amada" (Hii Ndio Nchi Yetu Pendwa) </br>[[File:Anthem of Guinea Bissau.webm]] | ramani = Guinea-Bissau (orthographic projection).svg | ramani2 = Location Guinea Bissau AU Africa.svg | maelezo_ramani = Eneo la Guinea-Bissau duniani | maelezo_ramani2 = Guinea-Bissau katika Afrika | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Bissau]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kireno]] | lugha2 = [[Guinea-Bissau Creole]], [[Kifula]], [[Kifaransa]], [[Kiingereza]], [[Mandinka language|Mandinka]], [[Pulaar language|Pulaar]] | mwaka_dini = 2020 | dini = {{Plainlist| * 46.1% [[Uislamu]] * 30.6% [[Dini za jadi]] * 18.9% [[Ukristo]] * 3% wasio na dini * 1% nyingine }} | uraia = Mgine-Bissau | serikali = Jamhuri ya nusu-urais chini ya utawala wa kijeshi | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais wa Mpito / Mkuu wa Jeshi | kiongozi1 = Horta Inta-A Na Man | cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] | kiongozi2 = Ilídio Vieira Té | bunge = Baraza la Mpito la Kitaifa (limesitishwa Bunge la Taifa) | muundo_uhuru = Uhuru kutoka [[Ureno]] | tukio1 = Tangazo la uhuru | tukio1_tarehe = 24 Septemba 1973 | tukio2 = Kutambuliwa rasmi | tukio2_tarehe = 10 Septemba 1974 | eneo_jumla = 36,125 km² | maji = 22.4% | watu_kadirio = 2,080,000 | mwaka_kadirio = 2023 | msongamano = 47 | mwaka_plt_ppp = 2025 | plt_ppp = $6.620 bilioni | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = $3,280 | mwaka_plt = 2025 | plt = $2.270 bilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = $1,130 | hdi = 0.514 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2023 | cheo_maendeleo = 174 | gini = 33.4 | mwaka_gini = 2021 | fedha = Faranga ya CFA ya Afrika Magharibi (XOF) | majira_saa = 00:00 | tld = .gw | msimbo_simu = +245 }} '''Gine Bissau''' (rasmi: '''Jamhuri ya Gine-Bissau'''; [[Kireno]]: ''República da Guiné-Bissau'') ni nchi iliyoko [[Afrika Magharibi]] inayopakana na [[Senegal]] kaskazini, [[Guinea]] kusini-mashariki, na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] magharibi; kufikia mwaka 2024, ina makadirio ya idadi ya watu wapatao milioni 2.2, jambo linaloifanya kuwa mojawapo ya nchi ndogo kwa idadi ya watu barani Afrika, na mji mkuu pamoja na mji wake mkubwa zaidi ni [[Bissau]], huku nchi hiyo ikiwa imegawanywa katika maeneo ya kiutawala na lugha rasmi ikiwa [[Kireno]]. Gine-Bissau ina [[hali ya hewa]] ya kitropiki na jiografia inayojulikana kwa nyanda za chini za pwani, mabwawa ya mikoko, misitu, na maeneo ya savana ya ndani. <ref name="WFB_GB_Geography">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#geography |title=Guinea-Bissau - World Factbook: Geography |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 11, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110022253/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#geography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nchi hiyo pia inajumuisha [[Visiwa vya Bijagós]], kundi la visiwa katika [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] vinavyojulikana kwa bioanuwai na mifumo ya ikolojia ya baharini. Mvua za msimu huathiri sana kilimo na usafiri, hasa katika maeneo ya vijijini ambako miundombinu bado ni hafifu. Mito mikubwa kama [[Mto Geba]], [[Mto Cacheu]], na [[Mto Corubal]] ina nafasi muhimu katika usafiri wa ndani, uvuvi, na [[kilimo]]. <ref name="Britannica_GB_Land">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Guinea-Bissau/The-land |author=Richard J. Lobban |title=Guinea-Bissau: The Land |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> [[Guinea Bisau#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Gine-Bissau]] unategemea hasa kilimo, uvuvi, na biashara ndogo ndogo. Korosho ndio zao kuu la biashara la nchi hiyo na huchangia sehemu kubwa ya mapato ya [[mauzo ya nje]] pamoja na kipato cha vijijini. <ref name="AfDB_GB_Outlook">{{cite web |url=https://www.afdb.org/en/countries/west-africa/guinea-bissau/guinea-bissau-economic-outlook |title=Guinea-Bissau Economic Outlook |website=afdb.org |publisher=African Development Bank |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kilimo]] kinaajiri sehemu kubwa ya wananchi, huku mpunga, karanga, na bidhaa za mawese pia zikichangia uzalishaji wa ndani. Nchi hiyo inakabiliwa na changamoto za kiuchumi kama ukosefu wa viwanda vya kutosha, upungufu wa miundombinu, na utegemezi wa mauzo ya bidhaa ghafi. <ref name="WorldBank_GB_Overview">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/guineabissau/overview |title=Guinea-Bissau Economic Overview |website=worldbank.org |publisher=World Bank |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> [[Guinea-Bisau#Historia|Kihistoria]], Gine-Bissau ilikuwa sehemu ya maeneo ya kikoloni ya [[Ureno]] katika [[Afrika Magharibi]] na baadaye ikawa kitovu cha harakati kubwa ya kupigania uhuru iliyoongozwa na Chama cha Afrika cha Uhuru wa Guinea na Cape Verde (PAIGC). <ref name="Britannica_GB_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Guinea-Bissau/History |title=History of Guinea-Bissau |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi hiyo ilipata uhuru kutoka kwa [[Ureno]] mwaka 1973, ambao ulitambuliwa kimataifa mwaka 1974. Tangu uhuru, Gine-Bissau imepitia vipindi vya mara kwa mara vya kutokuwa na utulivu wa kisiasa, vikiwemo mapinduzi ya kijeshi, serikali za mpito, na changamoto za kitaasisi zilizoathiri utawala na maendeleo ya kiuchumi. <ref name="BBC_GB_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13444402 |title=Guinea-Bissau country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> Gine-Bissau ni jamhuri ya nusu-urais yenye [[mfumo wa vyama vingi]] vya kisiasa. Rais ndiye mkuu wa nchi, huku [[Waziri Mkuu]] akiwa mkuu wa serikali. Nchi hiyo ni mwanachama wa mashirika ya kikanda na kimataifa kama Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Nchi za Afrika Magharibi ([[ECOWAS]]), [[Umoja wa Afrika]], Jumuiya ya Nchi Zinazozungumza Kireno (CPLP), na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. <ref name="WFB_GB_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#government |title=Guinea-Bissau - World Factbook: Government |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 11, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110022253/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#government |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ushirikiano wa kimataifa na upatanishi wa kikanda umechukua nafasi muhimu katika kusaidia uthabiti wa kisiasa na mipango ya maendeleo. <ref name="UN_GB_Peacebuilding">{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/peacebuilding/content/guinea-bissau |title=UN Peacebuilding in Guinea-Bissau |website=un.org |publisher=United Nations |date=2024 |access-date=May 11, 2026 }} </ref> == Historia == Historia ya Guinea-Bissau inahusiana kwa karibu na maendeleo ya kihistoria ya pwani ya [[Afrika Magharibi]], ambapo jamii za awali zilipangwa katika falme ndogo na jamii za biashara. Kabla ya kuwasili kwa [[Mzungu|Wazungu]], eneo hili liliathiriwa na [[Dola la Mali]] na baadaye Shirikisho la Kaabu, ambalo lilikuwa taifa lililoongozwa na [[Wadinka]] lililotawala sehemu za Guinea-Bissau ya sasa kuanzia [[karne ya 16]] hadi 19. <ref name="Britannica_GB_History"/> Jamii hizi zilijihusisha na [[kilimo]], [[biashara]], na mipangilio ya kisiasa ya kikanda, na zilikuwa na uhusiano na mitandao ya biashara ya Afrika Magharibi ya ndani ya bara. Kuanzia [[karne ya 15]], wavumbuzi wa [[Ureno]] walifika katika pwani ya [[Afrika Magharibi]], na Guinea-Bissau polepole ikawa sehemu ya mfumo wa biashara wa [[Wareno]]. <ref name="UNESCO_GB_SlaveTrade">{{cite web |url=https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/content/guinea-bissau |title=Historical sites and trade in Guinea-Bissau |website=unesco.org |publisher=UNESCO |date=2024 |access-date=May 14, 2026 }}</ref> Awali biashara ilihusisha [[dhahabu]], pembe za ndovu, na watu waliokuwa wakifanywa watumwa, lakini udhibiti wa [[Wareno]] uliendelea kubaki mdogo kwenye ngome na vituo vya biashara vya pwani kwa karne nyingi, huku maeneo ya ndani yakiendelea kuwa chini ya utawala wa wenyeji wa Kiafrika. Utawala kamili wa kikoloni ulianzishwa polepole mwishoni mwa [[karne ya 19]] na mwanzoni mwa [[karne ya 20]] wakati wa “Mgawanyo wa Afrika.” <ref name="WFB_GB_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#government |title=Guinea-Bissau: Background and History |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 14, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110022253/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guinea-bissau/#government |url-status=dead }}</ref> Katika [[karne ya 20]], upinzani dhidi ya utawala wa kikoloni wa Ureno uliongezeka, hasa kupitia Chama cha Kiafrika cha Uhuru wa Guinea na Cape Verde (PAIGC), kilichoongozwa na Amílcar Cabral. <ref name="Cabral_Foundation">{{cite web |url=https://www.fafcp.org/amilcar-cabral/ |title=Biography of Amílcar Cabral |website=fafcp.org |publisher=Amílcar Cabral Foundation |date=2024 |access-date=May 14, 2026 }}</ref> Mapambano ya muda mrefu ya silaha kwa ajili ya uhuru yalianza mwaka 1963 na kuendelea kwa zaidi ya muongo mmoja. Guinea-Bissau ilitangaza uhuru wake mwaka 1973, ambao ulitambuliwa kimataifa mwaka 1974 baada ya Mapinduzi ya Carnation nchini Ureno. <ref name="BBC_GB_Profile"/> Tangu kupata uhuru, Guinea-Bissau imekumbwa na ukosefu wa utulivu wa kisiasa mara kwa mara, ikiwemo mapinduzi ya kijeshi, migogoro ya kiraia, na mabadiliko ya mara kwa mara ya serikali. Changamoto hizi zimeathiri maendeleo ya kiuchumi na taasisi za dola. <ref name="WorldBank_GB_Overview"/> Hata hivyo, nchi inaendelea na juhudi za kuleta utulivu wa kisiasa, ujenzi upya, na kushiriki katika mashirika ya kikanda na kimataifa kama [[ECOWAS]], [[Umoja wa Afrika]], na [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]. <ref name="AU_GB_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://au.int/en/member_states/republic_guinea_bissau |title=Member State Profile: Guinea-Bissau |website=au.int |publisher=African Union |date=2024 |access-date=May 14, 2026 }}</ref> == Jiografia == Guinea-Bisau ni kati ya nchi ndogo sana za [[Afrika]] ikiwa na eneo la [[kilomita mraba]] 36,125; takriban 22% ni [[visiwa]] na [[bahari]]. Sehemu ya [[bara]] ni [[tambarare]]. [[Funguvisiwa]] la [[Bissagos]] lenye visiwa 77 liko karibu na [[pwani]]. === Miji === [[Mji|Miji]] mikubwa zaidi ya Guinea Bisau ni: [[Bisau]] (wakazi 492,004), [[Gabú]] (wakazi 48,670), [[Bafatá]] (wakazi 37,875), [[Bissorã]] (wakazi 29,468), [[Bolama]] (wakazi 16,216) na [[Cacheu]] (14,320). == Demografia == Wakazi walikuwa 1,515,000 mwaka [[2010]], wakati walikuwa 518,000 tu mwaka [[1950]]. === Makabila === [[Waafrika]] ni 99[[Asilimia|%]]: [[Kabila|makabila]] makubwa ni [[Wabalanta]] 30%, [[Wafulbe]] 30%, [[Wamanjaca]] 14%, [[Wamandinka]] 13%, [[Wapapel]] 7%). [[Wazungu]] na [[chotara|machotara]] ni chini ya 1%. ===Lugha=== Pamoja na [[lugha]] asilia, 32.1% za wakazi wanasema [[Kireno]] ambacho ndicho [[lugha rasmi]] na 90.4% wanatumia [[Krioli]] maalumu ya Kireno ambayo ni kama [[lugha ya taifa]] inayounganisha makabila. Lugha nyingine za kigeni zinazotumika ni [[Kifaransa]] (7%), [[Kiingereza]] (2.9%) na [[Kihispania]] (0.5%) === Dini === Takriban 46.1% ni [[Waislamu]] (hasa [[Wasuni]]), 30.6% wafuasi wa [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]], 18.9% [[Wakristo]] (hasa [[Wakatoliki]]). ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya lugha za Guinea-Bisau]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] ==Marejeo== {{Reflist|30em}} ==Bibliografia== {{refbegin}} *Abdel Malek, K.,"Le processus d'accès à l'indépendance de la Guinée-Bissau.",In : Bulletin de l'Association des Anciens Elèves de l'Institut National de Langues et de Cultures Orientales, N°1, Avril 1998. – pp.&nbsp;53–60 * Forrest, Joshua B., ''Lineages of State Fragility. Rural Civil Society in Guinea-Bissau'' (Ohio University Press/James Currey Ltd., 2003) * Galli, Rosemary E, ''Guinea Bissau: Politics, Economics and Society'', (Pinter Pub Ltd, 1987) * Lobban, Jr., Richard Andrew and Mendy, Peter Karibe, ''Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau'', third edition (Scarecrow Press, 1997) * Vigh, Henrik, ''Navigating Terrains of War: Youth And Soldiering in Guinea-Bissau'', (Berghahn Books, 2006) {{refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons}} *[http://www.bolama.net/pt/guine-bissau-links.html Link collection related to Guinea-Bissau on bolama.net] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bolama.net/pt/guine-bissau-links.html |date=20160304115641 }} *[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1043287.stm Country Profile] from [[BBC News]] *{{CIA World Factbook link|pu|Guinea-Bissau}} *[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/guineabissau.htm Guinea-Bissau] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/guineabissau.htm |date=20100611171908 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' *[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/248853/Guinea-Bissau/ Guinea-Bissau] at ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' *{{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Guinea-Bissau}} *{{wikiatlas|Guinea-Bissau}} *[http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=GW Key Development Forecasts for Guinea-Bissau] from [[International Futures]] ; Serikali *{{Official website|http://www.guinebissaurepublic.com/ }} *[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-g/guinea-bissau.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-g/guinea-bissau.html |date=20091026201737 }} *[http://www.constitutionnet.org/files/Guinea-Bissau%20Constitution.pdf Constitution of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau] {{Wayback|url=http://www.constitutionnet.org/files/Guinea-Bissau%20Constitution.pdf |date=20110725192938 }} *[http://portuguese-american-journal.com/guinea-bissau-prime-ministers-fate-unknow-after-apparent-military-coup-west-africa/ Guinea-Bissau: Prime Minister’s fate unknown after apparent military coup – West Africa] – Portuguese American Journal *[http://www.hnkcnews.com/2014/04/12/guinea-bissau-holds-first-post-coup-election/ Guinea-Bissau Holds First Post-Coup Election] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hnkcnews.com/2014/04/12/guinea-bissau-holds-first-post-coup-election/ |date=20160626223820 }} ;Biashara *[http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/GNB/Year/2005/Summary Guinea-Bissau 2005 Summary Trade Statistics] ; Habari *[http://allafrica.com/guineabissau/ news headline links] from [[AllAfrica.com]] ; Afya * The State of the World's Midwifery – [http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/country_info/profile/en_GuineaBissau_SoWMy_Profile.pdf Guinea-Bissau Country Profile] ; Jiografia *[http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/master-thesis/ Master Thesis] {{Wayback|url=http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/master-thesis/ |date=20150804204354 }} about the developing [http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/management-and-integration-of-gi/ Geographical Information for Guinea-Bissau] {{Wayback|url=http://www.luisfilipemarques.com/site/management-and-integration-of-gi/ |date=20150802002536 }} {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} {{CPLP}} {{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Guinea Bisau| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia Kireno]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia lugha ya Kifaransa]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] l7b0p7q40ag1sfoebfbap33f48nzsf0 Eswatini 0 3191 1543923 1543404 2026-05-15T20:08:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | ramani2 = Eswatini-CIA WFB Map.png | ramani = Eswatini_on_the_globe_(special_marker)_(Madagascar_centered).svg | jina_rasmi = Ufalme wa Eswatini | jina_asili = ''Umbuso weSwatini'' ([[Kiswazi]])<br>''Kingdom of Eswatini'' ([[Kiingereza]]) | bendera = Flag_of_Eswatini.svg | nembo = Coat_of_arms_of_Eswatini.svg | kaulimbiu = ''Siyinqaba'' (Kiswazi)<br>"Sisi ni ngome" | wimbo = <br>''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''<br>"Mungu, Mpaji wa Baraka kwa Waswati" | miji_mikuu = [[Mbabane]] (serikali)<br>[[Lobamba]] (bunge) | mji_mkubwa = [[Mbabane]] | latd2 = 26 | latm2 = 19 | latNS2 = S | longd2 = 31 | longm2 = 08 | longEW2 = E | lugha_rasmi = [[Kiswati]]<br>[[Kiingereza]] | asilimia_makabila = 84 [[Waswati]]<br>10 [[Wazulu]]<br>6 wengine | ukubwa_nembo = 100 | ukubwa_bendera = 120 }} '''Eswatini''' (rasmi: '''Ufalme wa Eswatini'''; zamani '''Uswazi''') ni nchi isiyo na pwani iliyoko [[Afrika ya Kusini|Kusini mwa Afrika]], ikipakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] upande wa magharibi, kaskazini, na kusini, na [[Msumbiji]] upande wa mashariki. <ref name="Britannica_Eswatini">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Eswatini |author=Zebulon G. Cele |title=Eswatini: Geography, People, and Government |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Kufikia mwaka 2024, ina idadi ya watu inayokadiriwa kuwa takriban milioni 1.2, na hivyo kuwa mojawapo ya nchi ndogo zaidi barani [[Afrika]] kwa idadi ya watu. Miji mikuu yake ni [[Mbabane]] (mji mkuu wa utawala) na [[Lobamba]] (mji mkuu wa bunge na kifalme), huku nchi ikigawanywa katika maeneo manne na [[lugha rasmi]] zikiwa SiSwati na [[Kiingereza]]. <ref name="WFB_Eswatini_Geo">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/#geography |title=Eswatini - World Factbook: Geography and People |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 |archive-date=2018-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231101755/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/wz.html#geography |url-status=dead }}</ref> Eswatini ina historia iliyoundwa na uhamaji na kuungana kwa jamii za [[Wanguni]], ambazo ziliunda falme za awali katika eneo hilo. Taifa la [[Waswazi]] lilianzishwa katika [[karne ya 18]] chini ya uongozi wa Ngwane III na baadaye kuimarishwa na Mfalme Sobhuza I na Mfalme Mswati II, ambaye jina la nchi limetokana naye. <ref name="NatGeo_Eswatini_History">{{cite web |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/kingdom-eswatini/ |title=History of the Kingdom of Eswatini |website=nationalgeographic.org |publisher=National Geographic Society |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Katika [[karne ya 19]], ufalme huu ulikumbwa na shinikizo kutoka kwa wakoloni wa [[Makaburu]] na baadaye ushawishi wa [[Waingereza]], hali iliyosababisha vipindi vya ugawaji wa ardhi na udhibiti wa kiutawala. Eswatini iligeuzwa kuwa himaya ya [[Kiingereza]] mwaka 1903 na kupata uhuru wake mwaka 1968 chini ya Mfalme Sobhuza II, ambaye aliendelea kuifanya ufalme kuwa taasisi kuu ya utawala. <ref name="BBC_Eswatini_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14095303 |title=Eswatini country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Uchumi wa Eswatini ni mdogo kiasi na umeunganishwa kwa karibu na [[Afrika Kusini]], ambayo inashirikiana nayo katika [[biashara]], [[fedha]], na [[ajira]]. <ref name="IMF_Eswatini">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/SWZ |title=Eswatini and the IMF |website=IMF.org |publisher=International Monetary Fund |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Sekta kuu za kiuchumi ni [[kilimo]], [[viwanda]], na [[huduma]]. Kilimo kinajumuisha uzalishaji wa miwa, matunda ya machungwa, misitu, na kilimo cha kujikimu, huku viwanda vikijikita katika nguo, usindikaji wa sukari, na bidhaa za vinywaji kwa ajili ya mauzo ya nje. <ref name="WorldBank_Eswatini_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/eswatini/overview |title=Eswatini Economic Overview |website=worldbank.org |publisher=World Bank |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi pia hutegemea fedha zinazotumwa na wafanyakazi wa nje na mapato kutoka Umoja wa Forodha wa Kusini mwa Afrika (SACU), ambayo ni chanzo kikubwa cha mapato ya serikali. Utamaduni wa Eswatini umejengwa kwa kina juu ya ufalme wa jadi na mila za [[Waswazi]], ambazo zina nafasi muhimu katika utambulisho wa taifa na mpangilio wa kijamii. <ref name="Eswatini_Gov_Culture">{{cite web |url=http://www.gov.sz/index.php/about-swaziland/culture |title=Culture and Heritage of Eswatini |website=gov.sz |publisher=Government of Eswatini |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Matukio makuu ya kitamaduni ni pamoja na ''Umhlanga'' (Ngoma ya Matete) na sherehe za ''Incwala'', ambazo zinaonyesha mila za kifalme na ushiriki wa jamii. Idadi kubwa ya watu ni [[Waswazi]], huku SiSwati na [[Kiingereza]] zikiwa [[lugha rasmi]]. Kidemografia, Eswatini ina idadi ya watu vijana lakini inakabiliwa na changamoto kama ukosefu wa ajira na kiwango cha juu cha maambukizi ya VVU, hali ambayo imeathiri sera za afya ya umma na maendeleo ya kijamii. <ref name="UNAIDS_Eswatini">{{cite web |url=https://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/eswatini |title=Eswatini Country Report |website=unaids.org |publisher=UNAIDS |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> ==Historia== {{main|Historia ya Eswatini}} Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]]. [[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]]. Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]]. Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]. ==Siasa== Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake. ==Watu== [[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]] Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]]. Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%. ==Afya== Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. ==Tanbihi== <references/> ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]] * [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]] * [[Demografia ya Afrika]] == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini] {{en}} * [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated) {{en}} * [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature) {{en}} * [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (website about the three big game parks) {{en}} * [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ |date=20181231101755 }} entry at [[World Fact Book]] {{en}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]] {{en}} * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] {{en}} * [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve] {{en}} {{Commons|Eswatini}} {{Wikiatlas|Eswatini}} {{Afrika}} {{African Union}} {{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}} [[Jamii:Eswatini]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Maendeleo Kusini mwa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Kusini mwa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] dfrc1v9oevzmovod2ht1xi9g5indmp0 Marekani 0 4023 1543823 1539962 2026-05-15T16:58:50Z Mbulukani Mulenga 87789 Mbulukani Mulenga alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Marekani]] hadi [[United States of America]] 1539962 wikitext text/x-wiki <i>{{about|nchi|bara|Amerika}}</i> {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_rasmi=Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika |jina_asili=''United States of America'' ([[Kiingereza]]) |bendera=Flag_of_the_United_States_(DoS_ECA_Color_Standard).svg |nembo=Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg |kaulimbiu="In God We Trust" |wimbo="[[Star spangled banner|The Star-Spangled Banner]]"<br>[[File:Star_Spangled_Banner_instrumental.ogg]] |ramani=USA orthographic.svg|mji_mkubwa=[[New York]] |mji_mkuu=[[Washington, D.C.]] |majiranukta1={{majiranukta|38|53|N|77|1|W|type:city}} |majiranukta2={{majiranukta|40|43|N|74|0|W|type:city}} |lugha_rasmi= [[Kiingereza]] |lugha_taifa=[[Kiingereza]] |serikali=[[Jamhuri ya shirikisho]] |muundo_uhuru='''Uhuru''' kutoka [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] |eneo_jumla=9 833 520<ref name="worldfactbook">{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=United States}}</ref> |cheo_eneo=3 |maji=7.0<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/how-wet-your-state-water-area-each-state |title=The Water Area of Each State |date=8 Juni 2018}}</ref> |ardhi=9 147 593<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |watu_kadirio=335 893 238<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/01/census-bureau-projects-us-and-world-populations-new-years-day|title=Census Bureau Projects U.S. and World Populations on New Year’s Day|date=3 Januari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_kadirio=2024 |pato={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/weo-report?c=111,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024 Edition. (United States) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=www.imf.org |date=22 Oktoba 2024 |access-date=12 Februari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_pato=2024 |pato_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |mwaka_maendeleo=2023 |maendeleo={{ongezeko}} 0.938<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|language=en|publisher=[[Mradi wa Maendeleo wa Umoja wa Mataifa]]|date=13 Machi 2024|access-date=22 Machi 2023|archive-date=19 Machi 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319085123/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx}}</ref> - {{juu sana}} |fedha=[[Dola ya Marekani]] |majira_saa=−4 hadi −12, +10, +11 |udereva=Kulia |msimbo_simu=1 |tovuti=https://www.usa.gov |tukio1=[[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani|Tangazo]] |tukio2=Muungano |tukio3=Kutambuliwa |tukio4=Katiba |tukio1_tarehe=4 Julai 1776 |tukio2_tarehe=1 Machi 1781 |tukio3_tarehe=3 Septemba 1783 |tukio4_tarehe=21 Juni 1788 |kiongozi1=[[Donald Trump]]|kiongozi2=[[JD Vance]]|cheo_kiongozi1=[[Rais wa Marekani|Rais]]|cheo_kiongozi2=Naibu Rais |gini={{PungukoChanya}} 41.3<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |mwaka_gini=2022 |msongamano=33.6}} '''Marekani''', rasmi '''Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika''' (Kiingereza: ''United States of America'', kifupi: ''USA'') ni [[nchi]] iliyomo [[Amerika Kaskazini]], na inapakana na [[Kanada]] upande wa [[kaskazini]] na [[Meksiko]] upande wa [[kusini]]. Inajumuisha [[jimbo|majimbo]] 50, [[Washington, D.C.|wilaya ya shirikisho]], na maeneo ya nje. [[California]] na [[Texas]] ndiyo majimbo yaliyokuwa na watu wengi zaidi. Marekani ina takriban watu milioni 340 na kuwa nchi ya tatu [[dunia|duniani]] kuwa na watu wengi sana. Aidha, ni [[nchi]] ya tatu kwa ukubwa [[dunia|duniani]], ikiwa na [[eneo]] la takriban kilomita za mraba milioni 9.8, ikienea kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]].[[Mji mkuu]] wa Marekani ni [[Washington DC]]. [[Los Angeles]], [[New York]] na [[Chicago]] ndio [[mji|miji]] mikubwa Marekani ina [[jiografia]] na hali ya hewa tofauti, ikianzia kwenye tundra ya [[Aktiki]] huko [[Alaska]] hadi fukwe za kitropiki huko [[Florida]] na [[Hawaii]]. Mandhari yake inajumuisha safu kuu za milima kama ''Rockies'' na ''Appalachians'', nyanda pana, na mito mikubwa kama [[Mississippi]] na [[Missouri (mto)]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Geography and Cartography of United States|url=https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/geography-and-cartography/geography-united-states|publisher=EBSCO|website=www.ebsco.com|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=US History, Map, Flag and Population|author=Adam Gopnik|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States|publisher=Britannica|website=United States Geography|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref> Nchi hii ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] za asili na ina sekta kubwa za [[kilimo]], [[viwanda]], na [[teknolojia]] ambazo zinachangia hadhi yake kama uchumi mkubwa zaidi duniani kwa kipimo cha [[Pato la Taifa]] (GDP) la kawaida, na kituo kikuu cha uvumbuzi, [[utamaduni]], na nguvu za kijeshi. Marekani ilianzishwa mwaka 1776 kupitia [[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani]], kufuatia mapambano ya [[ukoloni|makoloni]] kumi na tatu dhidi ya utawala wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=America Declaration of Independence|publisher=Archives|url=https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript|access-date=2026-03-16|website=www.archives.gov}}</ref> Tangu wakati huo, imepanuka kote [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] na kujitokeza kama nguvu ya [[dunia]], hasa baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia|vita vya dunia]] vya karne ya 20. Marekani ni jamhuri ya [[shirikisho]] inayozingatia [[katiba]] na [[demokrasia]] ya uwakilishi, yenye serikali inayotawaliwa na mfumo wa mizania ya madaraka kati ya matawi ya utendaji, kutunga [[sheria]], na [[mahakama]]. Ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], [[NATO]], na [[Benki ya Dunia]], na inaendelea kucheza nafasi ya uongozi katika masuala ya [[siasa|kisiasa]], [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]] duniani. Marekani ina [[Uchumi wa Marekani|uchumi mkubwa ulioendelea]] na wenye sekta mbalimbali unaoendeshwa na [[huduma]], [[Viwanda|uzalishaji viwandani]], [[fedha]], [[teknolojia]], na >[[biashara]]. <ref name="OECD_US_Snapshot">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/united-states.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: United States |website=OECD.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi hiyo ni makao ya baadhi ya mashirika makubwa zaidi duniani pamoja na [[taasisi]] za [[fedha|kifedha]], huku vituo vikuu vya kiuchumi vikijumuisha [[Jiji la New York]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Chicago]], na [[San Francisco]]. Marekani ni kiongozi wa dunia katika utafiti wa [[sayansi|kisayansi]], [[elimu ya juu]], anga za juu, burudani, na [[teknolojia]] ya kidijitali, ambapo ''Bonde la Silicon'' hutumika kama kituo kikubwa cha kimataifa cha ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] na maendeleo ya programu za kompyuta. <ref name="WFB_US_Economy">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |title=United States - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 30, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 |archive-date=2025-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250316043011/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kiutamaduni, Marekani ina sifa ya [[Marekani#Demografia|utofauti mkubwa wa kikabila, kilugha, na kidini]] uliotokana na karne nyingi za uhamiaji na mabadiliko ya idadi ya watu. <ref name="Pew_Diversity">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/demographics/ |title=Demographics and Social Trends |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kiingereza]] ndiyo lugha kuu inayotumika kitaifa kwa vitendo, na lugha rasmi katika ngazi ya [[shirikisho]]. <ref name="Britannica_US_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States/Cultural-life |author=The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica |title=United States: Cultural life |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utamaduni]] wa Marekani umeathiri sana dunia kupitia [[filamu]], [[muziki]], [[televisheni]], [[michezo]], [[fasihi]], na [[vyombo vya habari]] vya kidijitali. Nchi hiyo pia ina hifadhi nyingi za taifa, kumbukumbu za kihistoria, na taasisi za kitamaduni zilizo chini ya ulinzi wa taifa, zikionyesha utofauti wake wa mazingira na maendeleo yake ya kihistoria. <ref name="NPS_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/index.htm |title=About Us: National Park Service |website=nps.gov |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Demografia == Kufikia katikati ya mwaka 2024, idadi ya Wakazi wa Marekani imefikia takriban milioni 340, ikionyesha ongezeko la asilimia 2.6 tangu Sensa ya 2020. Mandhari ya [[Demografia|kidemografia]] ya taifa hili inazidi kuwa mchanganyiko: [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa asili ya Kihispania]] ni takriban asilimia 57.8, [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] 18.7%, [[Watu weusi|Wamarekani Weusi]] 12.1%, na Wamarekani wa asili ya Asia 5.9%. Kiwango cha uzazi kimeshuka hadi wastani wa watoto 1.6 kwa kila mwanamke, chini ya kiwango cha kuzaliana kinachohitajika, huku umri wa wastani ukiwa umeongezeka hadi takriban miaka 39.1, jambo linaloonyesha wazi mwelekeo wa kuzeeka kwa idadi ya watu. Uhamiaji unabakia kuwa kichocheo kikuu cha ukuaji: mnamo 2024, karibu asilimia 84 ya ongezeko la idadi ya watu lilitokana na wahamiaji, huku jamii za Wahispania na Waasia zikionyesha ukuaji mkubwa (asilimia 9.7% na 13%, mtawalia). === Idadi ya wakazi === {| class="wikitable" |+ Historia ya idadi ya wakazi ! Mwaka !! Idadi ya watu</br>'Milioni !! Ukuaji (%) |- | 2020 || 331.5 || 0.4% |- | 2021 || 331.9 || 0.2% |- | 2022 || 333.3 || 0.6% |- | 2023 || 334.9 || 0.8% |- | 2024 || 340.1|| 1.0% |} === Kabila/Asili=== [[File:Largest Race and Ethnicity in United States (2020).jpg|thumb| Kabila na Asili Kubwa Zaidi nchini Marekani]] [[File:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|thumb|250px|Asili ya kawaida nchini Marekani</br> {{legend|#0075ff|Marekani}} {{legend|#ff0000|Kijerumani}} {{legend|#ff7500|Meksiko}} {{legend|#007500|Kieire}} {{legend|#00ffff|Kiafrika}} {{legend|#7500ff|Kiitalia}} {{legend|#750075|Kiingereza}} {{legend|#ffff00|Kijapani}} {{legend|#d93190|Puerto Rico}}]] Kufikia mwaka 2025, [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa Kihispania]] bado ndio kundi kubwa zaidi nchini Marekani, wakichukua takriban asilimia 57.6 ya idadi ya watu. [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] ndio kundi la wachache linalokua kwa kasi zaidi, likiwakilisha takribani asilimia 19–20. [[Wamarekani weusi|Wamarekani Weusi au Waafrika Wamarekani]] wanaunda takribani asilimia 12–14 ya idadi ya watu. Wamarekani wenye asili ya Asia ni takriban watu milioni 22 (6.49%) kufikia katikati ya 2024. [[Chotara|Machotara]] pia ni kundi linaloongezeka kwa kasi, sasa wakiwa takriban asilimia 3–5 ya idadi ya watu. Makundi madogo zaidi ni pamoja na Wamarekani wa asili na Wakaazi wa Alaska (takribani asilimia 1–2) na Wenyeji wa Hawaii au Visiwa vya Pasifiki (chini ya asilimia 1). <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Ethnic composition in United States|website=www.usafacts.org|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/ |accessdate=2025-03-27|lang=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Kabila/Asili !! Asilimia |- | [[Mzungu|Wazungu]] (Wasio Wahispania) || 57.8% |- | Wahispania au Walatino || 18.9% |- | [[Wamarekani weusi|Weusi au Waafrika]] || 12.1% |- | [[Waasia]] || 6.0% |- | [[Machotara]] || 2.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Marekani/Alaska || 0.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Hawaii/Pasifiki || 0.2% |} === Lugha === Marekani ina [[mazingira]] yenye mchanganyiko mkubwa wa [[lugha]], ambapo zaidi ya [[lugha]] 350 huzungumzwa kote nchini. Takwimu za mwaka 2020 zinaonyesha kuwa asilimia 78 ya wakazi huzungumza [[Kiingereza]] pekee nyumbani, huku asilimia 22 wakitumia lugha nyingine. Kati ya kundi hili, [[Kihispania]] kinachukua asilimia 13, kikifuatwa na [[Kichina]] (1.1%), [[Kitagalog]] (0.6%), Kivietinamu (0.5%), [[Kiarabu]] (0.5%), [[Kifaransa]] (0.4%), [[Kikorea]] (0.3%) na [[Kirusi]] (0.3%). Lugha za kiasili zinabaki na sehemu ndogo chini ya 0.5%, huku Kinavajo kikiwa na wasemaji wengi zaidi. <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Lugha za Marekani|website=census.gov|url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2022/12/languages-we-speak-in-united-states.html|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> === Dini === [[File:Magen David Brooklyn.JPG|thumb|Sinagogi ya Magen David, New York]] [[Dini]] nchini Marekani inaonyesha mchanganyiko mkubwa wa imani na mwenendo wa kubadilika kwa muda. Kulingana na takwimu za hivi karibuni, asilimia 62 ya watu wazima wanajitambulisha kuwa [[Wakristo]] huku wengi wao wakiwa [[Waprotestanti]] (40%), [[Wakatoliki]] (19%), na makundi mengine ya Kikristo (3%). Asilimia 29 [[Wasio na dini|hawana uhusiano wa kidini]], kundi linalojumuisha [[Ukanamungu|wasiomwamini Mungu]] (5%), wanaotilia shaka (6%), na wasiokuwa na maelezo maalum (19%). Dini nyingine zisizo za Kikristo zinachukua asilimia 7, zikiwemo [[Wayahudi]] (2%), [[Waislamu]] (1%), [[Ubudha|Wabudha]] (1%), [[Wahindu]] (1%), na zingine ndogo zaidi. Hata hivyo, imani za kiroho zinabaki kuwa na ushawishi mpana, ambapo zaidi ya asilimia 80 ya watu wanaamini katika Mungu, roho au nguvu ya juu.<ref>{{Cite Web|title=Dini katika USA|website=pewresearch.org|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2022/09/13/how-u-s-religious-composition-has-changed-in-recent-decades/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Dini !! Asilimia |- | Ukristo || 63% |- | Wasiokuwa na dini || 29% |- | Uyahudi || 2% |- | Uislamu || 1% |- | Uhindu || 1% |- | Ubudha || 1% |- | Nyingine || 3% |} === Muundo wa Umri === Umri wa kati: miaka 38.5 (2021). {| class="wikitable" ! Kikundi cha umri !! Asilimia |- | 0–14 miaka || 18.2% |- | 15–64 miaka || 64.6% |- | 65+ miaka || 17.2% |} === Elimu === [[File:Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - panoramio.jpg|thumb|250px|Chuo cha Teknolojia cha Massachusetts]] [[Elimu]] nchini Marekani ina kiwango cha juu cha ushirikishwaji, ambapo takribani asilimia 91 ya watu wenye umri wa miaka 25 na zaidi wamekamilisha angalau [[elimu]] ya [[sekondari]], na karibu asilimia 38 wamehitimu [[elimu]] ya [[chuo kikuu]] au zaidi. Kati ya wakazi hao, asilimia 28 wana elimu ya sekondari pekee, 15 elimu ya chuo bila [[shahada]], 10 shahada ya kati (associate degree), 23 shahada ya kwanza, na 14 elimu ya juu zaidi kama shahada ya uzamili, kitaaluma au uzamivu. === Kipato na Umaskini === * Kipato cha kati kwa kaya: $70,784 (2021).<ref name=":0">{{Cite Web|title=Demografia za Marekani|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> * Kiwango cha umaskini: 11.6% (2021).<ref name=":0" /> ===Watu maarufu === * [[Abraham Lincoln]] * [[Al Capone]] * [[Barack Obama]] * [[Beyoncé Knowles]] * [[Bill Gates]] * [[Bob Dylan]] * [[Donald Trump]] * [[Elvis Presley]] * [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] * [[George Gershwin]] * [[George Washington]] * [[Henry Ford]] * [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] * [[John Kennedy]] * [[Louis Armstrong]] * [[Madonna (mwanamuziki)|Madonna]] * [[Malcolm X]] * [[Martin Luther King]] * [[Michael Jackson]] * [[Michael Jordan]] * [[Miles Davis]] * [[Oprah Winfrey]] * [[Rosa Parks]] * [[Steve Jobs]] * [[Thomas Edison]] * [[Thomas Jefferson]] * [[Walt Disney]] * [[William Edward Burghardt Du Bois]] == Jiografia == === Marekani bara === [[Picha:USATopographicalMap.jpg|right|thumb|600px|Picha kutoka angani ikionyesha majimbo 48 ya Marekani yanayopakana]] Eneo la Marekani lina ukubwa wa [[kilometa mraba]] 9,826,675 na liko hasa katika [[bara]] la Amerika Kaskazini kati ya Kanada upande wa [[kaskazini]] na Meksiko upande wa [[kusini]]. Marekani imeunganisha upana wote wa bara kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Pasifiki]], ikigawanywa kwa majimbo 48 yanayojitawala. Eneo hilo lagawiwa katikati na [[mto]] mkubwa [[Mississippi (mto)|Mississippi]] unaoanza mpakani kwa Kanada na kuishia katika [[Ghuba ya Meksiko]]. === Alaska === Jimbo la [[Alaska]] liko pia kwenye bara la Amerika Kaskazini upande wa kaskazini kutoka Kanada kuelekea [[Urusi]], lakini halipakani na jimbo lolote la Marekani. === Hawaii === [[Funguvisiwa]] la [[Hawaii]] ni jimbo la visiwani katika bahari ya Pasifiki. Ni jimbo la 50 na la mwisho mpaka sasa. === Visiwa vya ng'ambo vya Marekani === [[Maeneo ya ng'ambo ya Marekani]] ni visiwa kadhaa ambavyo ni maeneo ya Kimarekani ingawa si sehemu ya jimbo lolote. Zamani yalikuwa kama [[makoloni]] hata kama Marekani ilidai kutokuwa na [[ukoloni]]. Siku hizi maeneo haya yamepata viwango mbalimbali vya kujitawala. Kwa kawaida maeneo haya huchagua pia wawakilishi kwa ajili ya [[bunge]] la Marekani lakini wawakilishi hao si wabunge wa kawaida, bali wana haki ya kusema na kushauri tu bila [[haki ya kupiga kura]]. Visiwa muhimu kati ya hivyo ni kama ifuatavyo: * [[Puerto Rico]] ([[Karibi]]) * [[Visiwa vya Virgin vya Marekani]] (Karibi) * [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] ([[Pasifiki]]) * [[Guam]] (Pasifiki) ===Milima=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya milima ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Safu ya milima]] ya [[Rocky Mountains]] inavuka Marekani yote kutoka kaskazini hadi kusini upande wa magharibi. ===Mito=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya mito ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Mto]] mkubwa wa Marekani ni [[Mto Mississippi]]. == Historia== === Asili na Historia ya Awali === [[Picha:U.S. Territorial Acquisitions.png|thumb|Uenezi wa nchi hatua kwa hatua.]] [[Historia ya awali]] inaanza na kilele cha [[Enzi ya barafu]], watu wa [[Asia]] walipoweka kuingia [[Alaska]] kupitia nchi kavu. Baada ya hapo watu hao na [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wao hawakuwa tena na uhusiano na wale wa "[[Dunia ya zamani]]" ([[Afrika]], Asia na [[Ulaya]]) mpaka walipofikiwa na [[Wazungu]] kutoka [[Norway]] ([[karne ya 10]]) na [[Christopher Columbus]] [[mwaka]] [[1492]]. Hao wakazi wa kwanza walikuwa [[wawindaji-wakusanyaji]]; wakifuata mawindo yao walifika taratibu hadi ncha ya [[kusini]] ya [[Amerika]] ([[Tierra del Fuego]]). Polepole [[utamaduni]] wa baadhi ya [[Kabila|makabila]], ingawa kwa kuchelewa kuliko Dunia ya zamani, ulifikia hadhi ya [[ustaarabu]], kama vile ule wa [[Mississippi]]. === Enzi ya Ukoloni na Kuanzishwa kwa Taifa === [[Safari]] za [[baharia]] Christopher Columbus kuanzia mwaka 1492, zilivuta hasa [[Hispania]], [[Ureno]] na halafu [[Uingereza]], [[Ufaransa]] na [[Uholanzi]] kujianzishia [[Koloni|makoloni]] ili kunyonya [[maliasili]] nyingi za "[[Dunia mpya]]". Kwa namna hiyo, [[mazingira]] ya Amerika yalibadilika kabisa mpaka zikatokea aina mpya za utamaduni na hatimaye [[Taifa|mataifa]] mapya, hasa kutokana na mchanganyiko ya wenyeji ([[Waindio]]) na [[walowezi]] kutoka Ulaya, halafu pia [[watumwa]] kutoka [[Afrika]]. Marekani ilianza kama muunganiko wa [[Koloni|makoloni]] ya [[Uingereza]] kwenye [[pwani]] ya [[mashariki]] ya [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] tangu [[karne ya 17]]. Walowezi kutoka [[Uingereza]] walijipatia ardhi wakipigana na wenyeji Waindio. === Upanuzi wa Karne ya 19 na Vita vya Wenyewe kwa Wenyewe === Tangu [[karne ya 19]] wahamiaji walifika pia kutoka [[Asia]], hasa [[China]] na [[Japani]]. Katika vita dhidi ya [[Hispania]] na [[Meksiko]], Marekani ilipanua eneo lake kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe ya Marekani]] ilipigwa kuanzia [[1861]] hadi [[1865]] kati ya majimbo ya kusini na majimbo ya kaskazini nchini Marekani. Sababu mojawapo muhimu ya vita ilikuwa [[suala]] la [[utumwa]]. Majimbo ya kaskazini yaliwahi kupiga utumwa [[marufuku]] lakini majimbo ya kusini yaliendelea na [[sheria]] zilizoruhusu utumwa na [[Utajiri|matajiri]] wengi wa kusini walitegemea [[kazi]] ya watumwa hao. Mafarakano yalianza kuhusu swali kama madola mapya yaliyoanzishwa katika Amerika Kaskazini na kujiunga na Muungano yangeruhusiwa kukubali utumwa au la. Mwaka 1861 madola ya kusini-mashariki yalitangaza kujiondoa katika Muungano na kuanzisha "[[Shirikisho la Madola ya Marekani|Shirikisho la Madola ya Amerika]]". Vita vilianza na kudumu miaka minne na watu 650.000 walikufa, lakini mwishoni kaskazini ilishinda. Utumwa ulipigwa marufuku na watumwa walipewa [[haki]] za kiraia. Lakini watumwa wengi av awali waliendelea kuwa [[maskini]] na baada ya muda, sheria mpya katika majimbo ya kusini zilinyima haki nyingi za kiraia za [[Wamarekani weusi]] waliopaswa kuishi chini mfumo av [[ubaguzi wa rangi]]. [[File:New100front.jpg|right|thumb|[[Noti ya benki|Noti]] ya [[Dolar ya Marekani|Dola]] 100.]] Katika miongo iliyofuata, Marekani ilitwaa maeneo yaliyowahi kubaki chini ya [[mamlaka]] ya Waindio na kuyafanya maeneo yake. Katika [[Vita vya Marekani dhidi ya Hispania]] kwenye mwaka [[1898]] ilijipatia utawala juu ya [[Ufilipino]] na [[Puerto Rico]], makoloni ya awali ya [[Uhispania|Hispania]], na kuwa yenyewe nchi iliyotawala makoloni. === Wimbi la Uhamiaji na Sera za Kimataifa === Wahamiaji kwa [[milioni|mamilioni]] waliendelea kufika hasa kutoka Ulaya. Kabla ya mwaka [[1880]] idadi kubwa walitoka [[Ujerumani]], [[Eire]], Uingereza na [[Uskoti]], pamoja na [[Wachina]] waliotafuta kazi hasa [[California|Kalifornia]]. Baada ya mwaka 1880 hadi [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia|Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza vya Dunia]] ([[1914]]-[[1918]]) wengi walifika kutoka [[Ulaya ya Kusini]] na [[Ulaya ya Mashariki|ya Mashariki]], hasa [[Italia|Waitalia]], [[Wayahudi]] kutoka [[Milki ya Urusi]], [[Polandi|Wapolandi]] na wenyeji av nchi nyingine za [[Waslavi|Kislavi]]. Wahamiaji hao walileta pia [[Utamaduni|tamaduni]] zao na kukubali [[mshahara|mishahara]] midogo kuliko wenyeji waliowahi kufika mapema; hali hiyo ilileta mara kadhaa sheria zilizolenga kuweka mipaka; sheria ya mwaka [[1882]] ilikataa kufika kwa Wachina, sheria ya mwaka [[1922]] ililenga kupunguza [[idadi]] ya Waitalia, Wayahudi na watu av Ulaya ya Mashariki kwa kutaja mipaka kwa kila nchi ya [[asili]]<ref>[https://www.nps.gov/articles/closing-the-door-on-immigration.htm Closing the door on immigration], tovuti ya national Park service, Marekani, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2020</ref>. Katika [[siasa]] ya nje, Marekani iliwahi kutangaza tangu mwaka [[1823]] kwamba ilitazama [[Amerika]] yote kama eneo ambalo haikubali kuingiliwa na nchi za Ulaya; wakati ule makoloni mengi ya Amerika ya Kusini yalikuwa yakifaulu kupata uhuru kutoka Hispania, na Marekani ilitaka kusisitiza isingekubali kuingia kwa mataifa mengine ya Ulaya. Katika miongo iliyofuata [[uchumi]] av Marekani uliimarika pamoja na kukua kwa sekta ya [[Kiwanda|viwanda]] na [[wafanyabiashara]] wa Marekani walipanua [[biashara]] yao kimataifa; mnamo [[1854]] [[manowari]] za Marekani ziliilazimisha [[Japani]] kukubali kufunguliwa kwa [[ubalozi]] na kupokea wafanyabiashara. [[Meli]] za wafanyabiashara wa Marekani zilifika kote [[dunia|duniani]], tangu [[miaka ya 1830]] hadi [[Zanzibar]] ambako ubalozi mdogo ulifunguliwa mwaka [[1837]]<ref>Gilbert, Wesley. Our Man in Zanzibar: Richard Waters, American Consul (1837-1845), tasnifu 2011 kwenye Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/781d/d2e2510187a4c65055915b6a323a18c7419e.pdf online hapa] </ref>. Wakati wa vita dhidi ya Hispania Marekani ilihakikisha pia nafasi yake katika biashara ya [[China]] dhidi ya mipango ya mataifa ya Ulaya ya kuigawa nchi hiyo. === Karne ya 20: Vita Vikuu na Mdororo Mkuu === Mwaka [[1917]] Marekani iliingia katika Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza upande wa Uingereza na [[Ufaransa]]; baada ya vita [[rais]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] alishawishi [[Taifa|mataifa]] mengine kuanzisha [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] lakini [[bunge]] lilizuia kuingia kwa Marekani katika [[umoja]] huo. [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa mwaka [[1929]] ulileta matatizo makubwa kwa uchumi na hata [[njaa]] kwa [[raia]] wengi lakini ulileta pia siasa mpya ya "New Deal" chini ya rais [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] ambako kwa mara ya kwanza programu za kisiasa zilitumia [[Pato la taifa|mapato]] ya [[serikali]] kwa shabaha ya kusaidia idadi kubwa ya wananchi waliokuwa bila kazi, bila [[nyumba]] na bila [[kipato]]; [[Ujana|vijana]] kwa mamilioni waliajiriwa na serikali kwa kazi ya kujenga [[miundombinu]] ([[barabara]], [[Mfereji|mifereji]]) na kuboresha [[hifadhi za taifa]]. Mwaka [[1941]] Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia]] baada ya kushambuliwa na Japani na kupokea tangazo la vita kutoka Ujerumani. Uwezo wa kiuchumi av Marekani ulileta [[ushindi]] wa [[mataifa ya ushirikiano]]. Uwezo wake wa [[Sayansi|kisayansi]] ulipanuliwa na [[wanasayansi]] kama [[Albert Einstein]] waliopaswa kukimbia [[udikteta]] wa [[Adolf Hitler]] katika Ujerumani na kuiwezesha kutengeneza [[Mabomu ya nyuklia|mabomu ya kwanza ya nyuklia]] yaliyotumika mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1945]] kuteketeza [[Hiroshima]] na [[Nagasaki]]. === Vita Baridi na Mapambano ya Haki za Kiraia === Katika miongo ya [[vita baridi]] iliyofuata, Marekani ilikuwa taifa la kuongoza nchi zenye [[demokrasia]] na pia zile ambazo zilisimama upande wa [[ubepari]] tu bila demokrasia dhidi ya nchi za [[Ukomunisti|kikomunisti]] zilizoongozwa na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]. Mwanzo wa [[miaka ya 1960]] ilishindana na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] katika [[mbio]] wa kuingia katika [[anga-nje]] ikafaulu kupeleka watu wa kwanza hadi [[Mwezi]] mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1969]]. Kutokana na ushindani na nchi za ukomunisti Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita ya Vietnam]] hadi kushindwa mwaka [[1975]]. Vilevile miaka ya 1960 ilikuwa kipindi cha mapambano kwa ajili ya haki za Wamarekani weusi, [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wa watumwa wa awali hasa kusini mwa Marekani. Sheria zilizotenganisha watu pamoja na matumizi ya [[shule]], [[Chuo|vyuo]], [[jengo|majengo]] na [[taasisi]] za [[burudani]] kulingana na [[rangi]] ya [[ngozi]], zilizozuia [[ndoa]] kati ya watu wa rangi tofauti na kuzuia watu maskini wasitumie haki za kiraia zilipigwa marufuku bila kuondoa tofauti katika uwezo wa kiuchumi kati ya [[kundi|makundi]] katika jamii. [[Mapinduzi]] ya [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] ya [[kompyuta]] na [[intaneti]] yalienea Marekani haraka kushinda sehemu nyingine za Dunia. == Uchumi== [[File:View of Empire State Building from Rockefeller Center New York City dllu (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Manhattan]], [[New York]]]] [[Uchumi]] wa Marekani ndiyo mkubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], ukiwa na sifa ya utofauti wake, ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]], na kiwango cha juu cha uzalishaji. Unafanya kazi hasa kama [[uchumi]] wa soko mchanganyiko, ambapo sekta binafsi ina nafasi kubwa sambamba na udhibiti na uingiliaji wa [[serikali]]. Sekta kuu ni pamoja na [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[fedha]], [[afya]], na [[teknolojia]], huku sekta ya huduma ikichangia sehemu kubwa zaidi ya [[plt|pato la kiuchumi]]. Marekani pia ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] asilia, unaochangia maendeleo ya sekta za [[nishati]], [[kilimo]], na uchimbaji madini. Sifa kuu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani ni uongozi wake katika ubunifu na biashara ya kimataifa. Nchi hii ni makazi ya baadhi ya makampuni makubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], hasa katika maeneo kama ''Silicon Valley''. Uwekezaji mkubwa katika utafiti na maendeleo, pamoja na mfumo imara wa elimu ya juu, umewezesha maendeleo katika nyanja kama teknolojia ya taarifa, bioteknolojia, na anga na usafiri wa anga. Aidha, [[dola ya Marekani]] hutumika kama sarafu kuu ya akiba duniani, jambo linaloipa nchi nafasi ya kipekee katika fedha na biashara ya kimataifa. [[Biashara]] ya kimataifa ni sehemu muhimu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani, ikiwa na washirika wakubwa kama [[Kanada]], [[Meksiko]], [[China]], na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. Nchi hii husafirisha bidhaa kama [[mashine]], [[ndege]], na mazao ya kilimo, huku ikiagiza bidhaa za matumizi, vifaa vya kielektroniki, na malighafi. Zaidi ya hayo, Marekani ina mfumo uliokua sana wa [[fedha|kifedha]] na masoko ya mitaji unaoathiri [[uchumi]] wa dunia. Licha ya nguvu zake, [[uchumi]] huu unakabiliwa na changamoto kama pengo la kipato, deni la umma, na mabadiliko ya kiuchumi, lakini bado unasalia kuwa miongoni mwa uchumi wenye ushawishi mkubwa na wenye nguvu zaidi duniani. == Siasa == [[File:White House 02.jpg|thumb|White house, Washington DC]] Siasa nchini Marekani hufanya kazi chini ya mfumo wa [[serikali ya kiraisi|jamhuri ya kikatiba ya urais ya shirikisho]], ambapo mamlaka hugawanywa kati ya serikali kuu ya kitaifa na majimbo binafsi. <ref name="USA_Gov_Branches">{{cite web |url=https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government |title=Branches of the U.S. Government |website=USA.gov |publisher=Official Guide to Government Information and Services |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Rais hutumika kama mkuu wa nchi na mkuu wa serikali na huchaguliwa kupitia mfumo wa Baraza la Wateule badala ya kura ya moja kwa moja ya kitaifa ya wananchi. <ref name="CFR_ElectoralCollege">{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-electoral-college-works-united-states |author=Lindsay Maizland |title=How the Electoral College Works in the United States |website=CFR.org |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |date=October 31, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa umejengwa juu ya mgawanyo wa mamlaka kati ya mihimili mitatu: utendaji, utungaji sheria, na mahakama, ambapo kila mmoja una majukumu ya kikatiba pamoja na mfumo wa kuzuiana na kusawazishana mamlaka ili kuzuia mkusanyiko wa madaraka. <ref name="Britannica_US_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/government-of-the-United-States |title=Government of the United States |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Tawi ya kutunga sheria ni Bunge la Marekani, ambalo lina mabunge mawili: [[Bunge la taifa|Baraza la Wawakilishi]] na [[Seneti]]. Baraza la Wawakilishi linawakilisha maeneo ya uchaguzi kulingana na idadi ya watu, huku Seneti ikitoa uwakilishi sawa kwa kila jimbo kwa maseneta wawili kwa kila jimbo. <ref name="Senate_Gov_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/origins-foundations/senate-and-constitution/constitution.htm |title=The Senate and the Constitution |website=Senate.gov |publisher=United States Senate |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Bunge lina jukumu la kutunga sheria za shirikisho, kupitisha [[bajeti]], kutangaza vita, na kusimamia mhimili wa utendaji. Mhimili wa mahakama unaongozwa na Mahakama ya Juu, ambayo hutafsiri Katiba na kuchunguza uhalali wa sheria pamoja na vitendo vya serikali. <ref name="US_Courts_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/about |title=About the Supreme Court |website=USCourts.gov |publisher=Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa nchini humo unatawaliwa zaidi na mfumo wa vyama viwili, hasa Chama cha ''Democratic'' na Chama cha ''Republican''. Vyama hivi hushindana katika uchaguzi wa [[shirikisho]], majimbo, na serikali za mitaa, ingawa pia kuna vyama vingine vidogo. <ref name="LibraryOfCongress_Parties">{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/elections/political-parties/ |title=Political Parties - Elections |website=loc.gov |publisher=Library of Congress |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Uchaguzi hufanyika mara kwa mara, ukiwemo uchaguzi wa urais kila baada ya miaka minne na uchaguzi wa bunge kila baada ya miaka miwili kwa Baraza la Wawakilishi pamoja na mihula ya miaka sita inayobadilishana kwa Seneti. Kampeni za kisiasa huathiriwa sana na uchangishaji [[fedha]], [[vyombo vya habari]], maoni ya umma, na sheria za uchaguzi za majimbo. <ref name="FEC_Campaigns">{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/introduction-campaign-finance/ |title=Introduction to campaign finance |website=fec.gov |publisher=Federal Election Commission |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Masuala makuu ya kisiasa nchini Marekani yanajumuisha [[Marekani#Uchumi|uchumi]], huduma za afya, uhamiaji, sera za kigeni, udhibiti wa [[silaha]], mabadiliko ya [[tabianchi]], na usawa wa kijamii. <ref name="Pew_Research_Issues">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/02/29/americans-top-policy-priorities-for-2024/ |title=Americans’ Top Policy Priorities for 2024 |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=February 29, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mgawanyiko wa kisiasa kati ya vyama vikuu umeongezeka katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, na kusababisha tofauti kubwa za kiitikadi kuhusu sera mbalimbali. Licha ya hali hiyo, Marekani inaendelea kudumisha mfumo thabiti wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wenye uchaguzi wa mara kwa mara, taasisi huru, na ushiriki mkubwa wa raia kupitia kupiga kura, mijadala ya umma, na mapitio ya kimahakama. <ref name="FreedomHouse_US">{{cite web |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/united-states/freedom-world/2024 |title=Freedom in the World 2024: United States |website=Freedom House |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya majimbo ya Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya Marais wa Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya chaguzi za Rais wa Marekani]] * [[Peace Corps]] * [[Jamii:Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Uchumi wa Marekani]] ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} == Bibliografia == {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |title=Regulating Wall Street: The Dodd-Frank Act and the New Architecture of Global Finance |ref=Acharya10 |first1=Viral V. |last1=Acharya |first2=Thomas F. |last2=Cooley |first3=Matthew P. |last3=Richardson |first4=Ingo |last4=Walter |page=592 |publisher=Wiley |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-470-76877-8}} * {{cite journal |last1=Barth |first1=James |first2=John |last2=Jahera |title=US Enacts Sweeping Financial Reform Legislation |ref=Barth10 |journal=Journal of Financial Economic Policy |volume=2 |issue=3 |year=2010 |pages=192–195 }} * {{cite book |last=Berkin |first=Carol |last2=Miller |first2=Christopher L. |last3=Cherny |first3=Robert W. |last4=Gormly |first4=James L. |title=Making America: A History of the United States, Volume I: To 1877 |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2007 |ref=Berkin |page=75}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/Making_America_Volume_1_To_1877_A_Histor.html?id=cyEI21RClZkC Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Bianchine |first1=Peter J. |journal=Allergy and Asthma Proceedings|last2=Russo |first2=Thomas A. |year=1992 |title=The Role of Epidemic Infectious Diseases in the Discovery of America |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=225–232 |ref=Bianchine |publisher=OceanSide Publications, Inc. |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ocean/aap/1992/00000013/00000005/art00002 |accessdate=September 9, 2012 }} * {{cite book |author1=Boyer, Paul S. |author2=Clark, Clifford E. Jr. |author3=Kett, Joseph F. |last4=Salisbury|first4=Neal|last5=Sitkoff|first5= Harvard|last6=Woloch|first6=Nancy |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People |ref=Boyer |year=2007|publisher=Cengage Learning |page=588 |isbn=978-0-618-80161-9}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=9KT3lI76-0cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Clingan |first=Edmund |title=An Introduction to Modern Western Civilization |ref=Clingan |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=978-1-4620-5439-8}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=FS3TnrLu7y8C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first=Colin G. |last=Calloway |title=New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press|JHU Press]] |ref=Calloway1998 |page=229 |isbn=978-0-8018-5959-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=edYbAZ7ECEoC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Davis |first=Kenneth C. |title=Don't know much about the Civil War |url=https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1 |ref=Davis96 |publisher=William Marrow and Co. |location=New York |year=1996 |isbn=0-688-11814-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1/page/518 518] }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Dphzw2cbaoQC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Daynes |first=Byron W. |last2=Sussman |first2=Glen |title=White House Politics and the Environment: Franklin D. Roosevelt to George W. Bush |url=https://archive.org/details/whitehousepoliti0000dayn |ref=Daynes |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]] |year=2010 |page=320 |isbn=978-1-60344-254-1 |quote=Presidential environmental policies, 1933–2009 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=HIOQ1FYHtcYC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first= Sylvan G. |last=Feldstein |first2=Frank J., CFA |last2=Fabozzi |title=The Handbook of Municipal Bonds |ref=Feldstein |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]], January 13, 2011 |page=1376 |isbn=978-1-118-04494-0}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Juc4fb1Fx1cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Gold |first=Susan Dudley |title=United States V. Amistad: Slave Ship Mutiny |url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold |ref=Gold2006 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold/page/144 144] |isbn=978-0-7614-2143-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=mbV6kPGO4OAC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Ferguson |first1=Thomas |last2=Rogers |first2=Joel |ref=Ferguson |year=1986 |title=The Myth of America's Turn to the Right |journal=[[The Atlantic]] |volume=257 |issue=5 |pages=43–53 |url=http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |accessdate=March 11, 2013 |archive-date=2015-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104235329/http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |dead-url=yes }} * {{cite book |last=Fraser |first=Steve |first2=Gary |last2=Gerstle |ref=Fraser |title=The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order: 1930–1980 |series=American History: Political science |url=http://books.google.com/?id=yd4GqkP5XYgC&lpg=PA229 |year=1989 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-00607-9 |page=311 }} * {{cite book |last=Gordon |first=John Steele |ref=Gordon |title=An Empire of Wealth: The Epic History of American Economic Power |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofwealthth00gord |year=2004 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/An_Empire_of_Wealth.html?id=rmsUs_KDgHAC Book] * {{cite book |last=Graebner |first=Norman A. |last2=Burns |first2=Richard Dean |last3=Siracusa |first3=Joseph M. |ref=Burns2008 |title=Reagan, Bush, Gorbachev: Revisiting the End of the Cold War |url=http://books.google.com/?id=r71u_AgE7iYC&lpg=PA142 |year=2008 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |series=Praeger Security International Series |isbn=978-0-313-35241-6 |page=180 }} * {{cite book |last=Hughes |first=David |title=The British Chronicles |volume=1 |page=347 |year=2007 |publisher=Heritage Books |location=[[Westminster, Maryland|Westminster]], [[Maryland]]}} * {{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Lawrence R. |title=Health Care Reform and American Politics: What Everyone Needs to Know: What Everyone Needs to Know |url=https://archive.org/details/healthcarereform0000jaco |ref=Jacobs10 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-978142-3 }} * {{cite book |last=Johnson |first=Paul |ref=Johnson |title=A History of the American People |year=1997 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=26–30}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/A_History_of_the_American_People.html?id=RXSVQjz1_tMC eBook version] * {{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Native American Wars and Warfare |series=[[Infobase Publishing|Facts on File]] library of American History |last=Kessel |first=William B. |last2=Wooster |first2=Robert |authorlink= |year=2005 |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-8160-3337-9 |page=398|ref=Kessel}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=laxSyAp89G4C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{Rejea kitabu |last= Kolko |first= Gabriel |authorlink= Gabriel Kolko |year= 1988 |title= Confronting the Third World: United States Foreign Policy, 1945–1980 |url= https://archive.org/details/confrontingthird0000kolk |location= New York, NY |publisher= [[Pantheo n Books|Pantheon]] |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Leckie |first=Robert | authorlink = Robert Leckie (author)|title=None died in vain: The Saga of the American Civil War |ref=Leckie |publisher=Harper-Collins |location=New York |year=1990 |page=[https://archive.org/details/nonediedinvainsa00leck/page/682 682] |isbn=0-06-016280-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=gvIeAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last= Leffler |first= Melvyn P. |authorlink= Melvyn P. Leffler |year= 2010 |chapter= The emergence of an American grand strategy, 1945–1952 |title= ''In Melvyn P. Leffler and [[Odd Arne Westad]], eds.,''The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1: Origins ''(pp.&nbsp;67–89)'' |location= Cambridge |publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn= 978-0-521-83719-4 |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Lemon |first=James T. |editor=Robert D. Mitchell |editor2=Paul A. Groves |title=North America: the historical geography of a changing continent |chapter=Colonial America in the 18th Century |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=1987 |ref=Lemon}}, [http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf PDF] {{Wayback|url=http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf |date=20130123135724 }} * {{cite book |last=Lien, Ph.D. |first=Arnold Johnson |title=Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law, Volume 54 |ref=Lien |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co., Agents, London; [[Columbia University]], New York |year=1913 |page=604 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=UYpVAAAAYAAJ }} * {{cite book |author=Karen Woods Weierman|title=One Nation, One Blood: Interracial Marriage In American Fiction, Scandal, And Law, 1820–1870 |url=https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie|year=2005|publisher=[[University of Massachusetts Press]]|isbn=978-1-55849-483-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie/page/214 214]}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=24mIQuLBuN8C&pg=PA44 Book] * Website sources{{cite book |last=Levenstein |first=Harvey |title=Revolution at the Table: The Transformation of the American Diet |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutionattabl0000leve_d6o6 |ref=Levenstein |publisher=University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles |year=2003 |isbn=0-520-23439-1 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Mann |first1=Kaarin |year=2007 |ref=Mann |title=Interracial Marriage In Early America: Motivation and the Colonial Project |journal=Michigan Journal of History |issue=Fall |publisher=University of Michigan |url=http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515063053/http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archivedate=2013-05-15 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2015-02-09 }} * {{cite book |last=Price |first=David A. |ref=Price |title=Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Start of a New Nation |url=https://archive.org/details/lovehateinjamest00pric |publisher=Random House |year=2003}} [http://books.google.com/books?id=_EFbS_7fFcYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false eBook version] * {{cite book |last=Quirk |first=Joel |title=The Anti-Slavery Project: From the Slave Trade to Human Trafficking |url=https://archive.org/details/antislaveryproje0000quir |ref=Quirk |year=2011 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-4333-8 |page=344 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=qqxK4KlqKYMC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Ranlet |first=Philip |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |ref=Ranlet |publisher=North Eastern University Press |editor=Alden T. Vaughan |pages= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Rausch |first=David A. |title=Native American Voices |url=https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus |ref=Rausch |publisher=Baker Books, Grand Rapids |page=[https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus/page/n180 180] |year=1994 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=iyZMeGMgIgEC&vq=triangle&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Remini |first=Robert V. |title=The House: The History of the House of Representatives |url=https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi |ref=Remini |year=2007 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=[https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi/page/2 2]–3 }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_House.html?id=CAM6J6IoQFQC Book] * {{cite book |last=Ripper |first=Jason |title=American Stories: To 1877 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp |year=2008 |ref=Ripper2008 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp/page/n317 299] |isbn=978-0-7656-2903-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=vX-fYvoAeHwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Russell |first=John Henderson |title=The Free Negro in Virginia, 1619–1865 |ref=Russell1913 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University |year=1913 |page=196}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=G7AJAAAAIAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s E'Book] * {{cite book |last=Schneider |first= Dorothy |last2= Schneider |first2= Carl J. |title=Slavery in America |ref=Schneider |publisher=Infobase Publishing |year=2007 |page=554 |isbn=978-1-4381-0813-1}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=QlemwRTsY20C&vq=census&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Schultz |first=David Andrew |title=Encyclopedia of the United States Constitution |ref=Schultz |year=2009 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |page=904 |isbn=978-1-4381-2677-7}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=f7m713xwK58C&vq=twenty+seven+times&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Simonson |first=Peter |title=Refiguring Mass Communication: A History |url=https://archive.org/details/refiguringmassco0000simo |ref=Simonson |year=2010 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |quote=He held high the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the nation's unofficial motto, ''e pluribus unum'', even as he was recoiling from the party system in which he had long participated. |location=Urbana |isbn=978-0-252-07705-0 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=N6lrAmPlbvIC&pg=PA79&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false Book] * {{cite book |last=Smith |first= Andrew F. |year=2004 |title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America'' |ref=Smith2004 |publisher=New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 131–32. ISBN 0-19-515437-1}} * {{cite book |last=Soss |first=Joe |editor-last=Hacker |editor-first=Jacob S. |editor2-last=Mettler |editor2-first=Suzanne |ref=Soss |title=Remaking America: Democracy and Public Policy in an Age of Inequality |year=2010 |publisher=Russell Sage Foundation |isbn=978-1-61044-694-5 |pages=}}, [http://books.google.com/?id=JttyjBoyb3AC&lpg=PA12 Book] * {{cite book |ref=Tadman |last=Tadman |first=Michael |title=The Demographic Cost of Sugar: Debates on Slave Societies and Natural Increase in the Americas |journal=American Historical Review |volume=105 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |issue=5}}, [http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2652029?uid=3739560&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&purchase-type=article&accessType=RR&sid=21102125115943&showMyJstorPss=false&seq=1&showAccess=true Article] * {{cite book |ref=Taylor |last=Taylor |first=Alan |title=American Colonies: The Settling of North America |publisher=Penguin Books, New York |editor=Eric Foner |year=2002 |isbn=0-670-87282-2}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=NPoAQRgkrOcC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Thornton |first=Russell |title=American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0 |series=Volume 186 of Civilization of the American Indian Series |year=1987 |ref=Thornton |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-2220-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0/page/49 49] }}, [http://books.google.com/?id=9iQYSQ9y60MC&lpg=PA49 Book] * {{cite book|last=Tooze|first=Adam|authorlink=Adam Tooze|year=2006|title=[[The Wages of Destruction|The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy]]|location=London|publisher=Allen Lane|isbn=978-0-7139-9566-4|ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Vaughan |first=Alden T. |ref=Vaughan |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |publisher=North Eastern University Press |page= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Walton |first=Gary M. |last2=Rockoff |first2=Hugh |title=History of the American Economy |year=2009 |ref=Walton |publisher=Cengage Learning}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/History_of_the_American_Economy_With_Acc.html?id=lyhI1q_E4G0C Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Daniel K. |year=2012 |ref=Williams |title=Questioning Conservatism's Ascendancy: A Reexamination of the Rightward Shift in Modern American Politics; {Reviews in American History} |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=325–331 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press }} * {{cite book | author=Winchester, Simon |title=The men who United the States |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602| year=2013|publisher=Harper Collins | isbn=978-0-06-207960-2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602/page/198 198], 216, 251, 253 }} * {{cite book |last=Zinn |first=Howard |authorlink=Howard Zinn |title=[[A People's History of the United States]] |ref=Zinn |year=2005 |publisher=[[Harper Perennial|Harper Perennial Modern Classics]]|location= |isbn=0-06-083865-5 |pages=321–357}} {{refend}} * {{CIA World Factbook link|us|United States}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-16761057 United States], from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=US Key Development Forecasts for the United States] from [[International Futures]] ;Serikali * [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to government sites * [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives * [http://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate * [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States ;Historia * [http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical Documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research * [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }} Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance * [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data ;Ramani * [http://nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] {{Wayback|url=http://nationalatlas.gov/ |date=20060720093336 }} Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior * {{wikiatlas|the United States}} * [http://www.measureofamerica.org/maps/ Measure of America] A variety of mapped information relating to health, education, income, and demographics for the U.S. ;Vingine * {{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1217752.stm |title=''Country Profile: United States of America'' |ref=BBC18may |work=BBC News |location =London |date=April 22, 2008 |accessdate=May 18, 2008}} * {{cite web |author=Cohen, Eliot A. |ref=Cohen |location=Washington D.C. |url= http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59919/eliot-a-cohen/history-and-the-hyperpower |title=''History and the Hyperpower'' |work=Foreign Affairs |date=July–August 2004 |accessdate=July 14, 2006}} * {{cite web |title=Slavery and the Slave Trade in Rhode Island |ref=Brown |url=http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library/jcbexhibit/Pages/exhibSlavery.html}} * {{cite web |url= http://www.treasury.gov/about/education/Pages/in-god-we-trust.aspx |title=History of "In God We Trust" |ref=God |publisher=U.S. Department of the Treasury |date=March 8, 2011 |accessdate=February 23, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |title=''Early History, Native Americans, and Early Settlers in Mercer County'' |year=427 |ref=Mercer |publisher=Mercer County Historical Society |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625185429/http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |archivedate=2012-06-25 |accessdate=2015-02-09 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=2MjxPJ9W4gwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite news |title=Looking back 20 years: Who deserves credit for ending the Cold War? |author=Nick Hayes |ref=Hayes |url=http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2009/11/looking-back-20-years-who-deserves-credit-ending-cold-war |newspaper=MinnPost |date=November 6, 2009 |accessdate=March 11, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.ushistory.org/us/59e.asp |title=59e. The End of the Cold War |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |work=U.S. History.org |ref=ushistory13|publisher=Independence Hall Association |accessdate=March 10, 2013}} * {{cite book |last=Levy |first=Peter B. |ref=Levy1996 |title=Encyclopedia of the Reagan-Bush Years |url=http://books.google.com/?id=7veohk0fkLYC&lpg=PA88 |year=1996 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn= 978-0-313-29018-3 |page=442}} * {{cite journal |last1=Wallander |first1=Celeste A. |year=2003 |ref=Wallander2003 |title=Western Policy and the Demise of the Soviet Union |journal=[[Journal of Cold War Studies]] |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=137–177 |publisher=[[President and Fellows of Harvard College]] and the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] }} {{refend}} {{Marekani}} {{Amerika Kaskazini}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Amerika ya Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Marekani| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G7]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G8]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G20]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] qlrcdk95fu4qpdvn2kkf8wnfivnibn6 1543858 1543823 2026-05-15T18:17:50Z Gayle157 73366 1543858 wikitext text/x-wiki y<i>{{about|nchi|bara|Amerika}}</i> {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_rasmi=Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika |jina_asili=''United States of America'' ([[Kiingereza]]) |bendera=Flag_of_the_United_States_(DoS_ECA_Color_Standard).svg |nembo=Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg |kaulimbiu="In God We Trust" |wimbo="[[Star spangled banner|The Star-Spangled Banner]]"<br>[[File:Star_Spangled_Banner_instrumental.ogg]] |ramani=USA orthographic.svg|mji_mkubwa=[[New York]] |mji_mkuu=[[Washington, D.C.]] |majiranukta1={{majiranukta|38|53|N|77|1|W|type:city}} |majiranukta2={{majiranukta|40|43|N|74|0|W|type:city}} |lugha_rasmi= [[Kiingereza]] |lugha_taifa=[[Kiingereza]] |serikali=[[Jamhuri ya shirikisho]] |muundo_uhuru='''Uhuru''' kutoka [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] |eneo_jumla=9 833 520<ref name="worldfactbook">{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=United States}}</ref> |cheo_eneo=3 |maji=7.0<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/how-wet-your-state-water-area-each-state |title=The Water Area of Each State |date=8 Juni 2018}}</ref> |ardhi=9 147 593<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |watu_kadirio=335 893 238<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/01/census-bureau-projects-us-and-world-populations-new-years-day|title=Census Bureau Projects U.S. and World Populations on New Year’s Day|date=3 Januari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_kadirio=2024 |pato={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/weo-report?c=111,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024 Edition. (United States) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=www.imf.org |date=22 Oktoba 2024 |access-date=12 Februari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_pato=2024 |pato_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |mwaka_maendeleo=2023 |maendeleo={{ongezeko}} 0.938<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|language=en|publisher=[[Mradi wa Maendeleo wa Umoja wa Mataifa]]|date=13 Machi 2024|access-date=22 Machi 2023|archive-date=19 Machi 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319085123/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx}}</ref> - {{juu sana}} |fedha=[[Dola ya Marekani]] |majira_saa=−4 hadi −12, +10, +11 |udereva=Kulia |msimbo_simu=1 |tovuti=https://www.usa.gov |tukio1=[[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani|Tangazo]] |tukio2=Muungano |tukio3=Kutambuliwa |tukio4=Katiba |tukio1_tarehe=4 Julai 1776 |tukio2_tarehe=1 Machi 1781 |tukio3_tarehe=3 Septemba 1783 |tukio4_tarehe=21 Juni 1788 |kiongozi1=[[Donald Trump]]|kiongozi2=[[JD Vance]]|cheo_kiongozi1=[[Rais wa Marekani|Rais]]|cheo_kiongozi2=Naibu Rais |gini={{PungukoChanya}} 41.3<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |mwaka_gini=2022 |msongamano=33.6}} '''Marekani''', rasmi '''Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika''' (Kiingereza: ''United States of America'', kifupi: ''USA'') ni [[nchi]] iliyomo [[Amerika Kaskazini]], na inapakana na [[Kanada]] upande wa [[kaskazini]] na [[Meksiko]] upande wa [[kusini]]. Inajumuisha [[jimbo|majimbo]] 50, [[Washington, D.C.|wilaya ya shirikisho]], na maeneo ya nje. [[California]] na [[Texas]] ndiyo majimbo yaliyokuwa na watu wengi zaidi. Marekani ina takriban watu milioni 340 na kuwa nchi ya tatu [[dunia|duniani]] kuwa na watu wengi sana. Aidha, ni [[nchi]] ya tatu kwa ukubwa [[dunia|duniani]], ikiwa na [[eneo]] la takriban kilomita za mraba milioni 9.8, ikienea kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]].[[Mji mkuu]] wa Marekani ni [[Washington DC]]. [[Los Angeles]], [[New York]] na [[Chicago]] ndio [[mji|miji]] mikubwa Marekani ina [[jiografia]] na hali ya hewa tofauti, ikianzia kwenye tundra ya [[Aktiki]] huko [[Alaska]] hadi fukwe za kitropiki huko [[Florida]] na [[Hawaii]]. Mandhari yake inajumuisha safu kuu za milima kama ''Rockies'' na ''Appalachians'', nyanda pana, na mito mikubwa kama [[Mississippi]] na [[Missouri (mto)]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Geography and Cartography of United States|url=https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/geography-and-cartography/geography-united-states|publisher=EBSCO|website=www.ebsco.com|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=US History, Map, Flag and Population|author=Adam Gopnik|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States|publisher=Britannica|website=United States Geography|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref> Nchi hii ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] za asili na ina sekta kubwa za [[kilimo]], [[viwanda]], na [[teknolojia]] ambazo zinachangia hadhi yake kama uchumi mkubwa zaidi duniani kwa kipimo cha [[Pato la Taifa]] (GDP) la kawaida, na kituo kikuu cha uvumbuzi, [[utamaduni]], na nguvu za kijeshi. Marekani ilianzishwa mwaka 1776 kupitia [[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani]], kufuatia mapambano ya [[ukoloni|makoloni]] kumi na tatu dhidi ya utawala wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=America Declaration of Independence|publisher=Archives|url=https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript|access-date=2026-03-16|website=www.archives.gov}}</ref> Tangu wakati huo, imepanuka kote [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] na kujitokeza kama nguvu ya [[dunia]], hasa baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia|vita vya dunia]] vya karne ya 20. Marekani ni jamhuri ya [[shirikisho]] inayozingatia [[katiba]] na [[demokrasia]] ya uwakilishi, yenye serikali inayotawaliwa na mfumo wa mizania ya madaraka kati ya matawi ya utendaji, kutunga [[sheria]], na [[mahakama]]. Ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], [[NATO]], na [[Benki ya Dunia]], na inaendelea kucheza nafasi ya uongozi katika masuala ya [[siasa|kisiasa]], [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]] duniani. Marekani ina [[Uchumi wa Marekani|uchumi mkubwa ulioendelea]] na wenye sekta mbalimbali unaoendeshwa na [[huduma]], [[Viwanda|uzalishaji viwandani]], [[fedha]], [[teknolojia]], na >[[biashara]]. <ref name="OECD_US_Snapshot">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/united-states.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: United States |website=OECD.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi hiyo ni makao ya baadhi ya mashirika makubwa zaidi duniani pamoja na [[taasisi]] za [[fedha|kifedha]], huku vituo vikuu vya kiuchumi vikijumuisha [[Jiji la New York]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Chicago]], na [[San Francisco]]. Marekani ni kiongozi wa dunia katika utafiti wa [[sayansi|kisayansi]], [[elimu ya juu]], anga za juu, burudani, na [[teknolojia]] ya kidijitali, ambapo ''Bonde la Silicon'' hutumika kama kituo kikubwa cha kimataifa cha ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] na maendeleo ya programu za kompyuta. <ref name="WFB_US_Economy">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |title=United States - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 30, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 |archive-date=2025-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250316043011/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kiutamaduni, Marekani ina sifa ya [[Marekani#Demografia|utofauti mkubwa wa kikabila, kilugha, na kidini]] uliotokana na karne nyingi za uhamiaji na mabadiliko ya idadi ya watu. <ref name="Pew_Diversity">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/demographics/ |title=Demographics and Social Trends |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kiingereza]] ndiyo lugha kuu inayotumika kitaifa kwa vitendo, na lugha rasmi katika ngazi ya [[shirikisho]]. <ref name="Britannica_US_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States/Cultural-life |author=The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica |title=United States: Cultural life |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utamaduni]] wa Marekani umeathiri sana dunia kupitia [[filamu]], [[muziki]], [[televisheni]], [[michezo]], [[fasihi]], na [[vyombo vya habari]] vya kidijitali. Nchi hiyo pia ina hifadhi nyingi za taifa, kumbukumbu za kihistoria, na taasisi za kitamaduni zilizo chini ya ulinzi wa taifa, zikionyesha utofauti wake wa mazingira na maendeleo yake ya kihistoria. <ref name="NPS_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/index.htm |title=About Us: National Park Service |website=nps.gov |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Demografia == Kufikia katikati ya mwaka 2024, idadi ya Wakazi wa Marekani imefikia takriban milioni 340, ikionyesha ongezeko la asilimia 2.6 tangu Sensa ya 2020. Mandhari ya [[Demografia|kidemografia]] ya taifa hili inazidi kuwa mchanganyiko: [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa asili ya Kihispania]] ni takriban asilimia 57.8, [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] 18.7%, [[Watu weusi|Wamarekani Weusi]] 12.1%, na Wamarekani wa asili ya Asia 5.9%. Kiwango cha uzazi kimeshuka hadi wastani wa watoto 1.6 kwa kila mwanamke, chini ya kiwango cha kuzaliana kinachohitajika, huku umri wa wastani ukiwa umeongezeka hadi takriban miaka 39.1, jambo linaloonyesha wazi mwelekeo wa kuzeeka kwa idadi ya watu. Uhamiaji unabakia kuwa kichocheo kikuu cha ukuaji: mnamo 2024, karibu asilimia 84 ya ongezeko la idadi ya watu lilitokana na wahamiaji, huku jamii za Wahispania na Waasia zikionyesha ukuaji mkubwa (asilimia 9.7% na 13%, mtawalia). === Idadi ya wakazi === {| class="wikitable" |+ Historia ya idadi ya wakazi ! Mwaka !! Idadi ya watu</br>'Milioni !! Ukuaji (%) |- | 2020 || 331.5 || 0.4% |- | 2021 || 331.9 || 0.2% |- | 2022 || 333.3 || 0.6% |- | 2023 || 334.9 || 0.8% |- | 2024 || 340.1|| 1.0% |} === Kabila/Asili=== [[File:Largest Race and Ethnicity in United States (2020).jpg|thumb| Kabila na Asili Kubwa Zaidi nchini Marekani]] [[File:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|thumb|250px|Asili ya kawaida nchini Marekani</br> {{legend|#0075ff|Marekani}} {{legend|#ff0000|Kijerumani}} {{legend|#ff7500|Meksiko}} {{legend|#007500|Kieire}} {{legend|#00ffff|Kiafrika}} {{legend|#7500ff|Kiitalia}} {{legend|#750075|Kiingereza}} {{legend|#ffff00|Kijapani}} {{legend|#d93190|Puerto Rico}}]] Kufikia mwaka 2025, [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa Kihispania]] bado ndio kundi kubwa zaidi nchini Marekani, wakichukua takriban asilimia 57.6 ya idadi ya watu. [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] ndio kundi la wachache linalokua kwa kasi zaidi, likiwakilisha takribani asilimia 19–20. [[Wamarekani weusi|Wamarekani Weusi au Waafrika Wamarekani]] wanaunda takribani asilimia 12–14 ya idadi ya watu. Wamarekani wenye asili ya Asia ni takriban watu milioni 22 (6.49%) kufikia katikati ya 2024. [[Chotara|Machotara]] pia ni kundi linaloongezeka kwa kasi, sasa wakiwa takriban asilimia 3–5 ya idadi ya watu. Makundi madogo zaidi ni pamoja na Wamarekani wa asili na Wakaazi wa Alaska (takribani asilimia 1–2) na Wenyeji wa Hawaii au Visiwa vya Pasifiki (chini ya asilimia 1). <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Ethnic composition in United States|website=www.usafacts.org|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/ |accessdate=2025-03-27|lang=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Kabila/Asili !! Asilimia |- | [[Mzungu|Wazungu]] (Wasio Wahispania) || 57.8% |- | Wahispania au Walatino || 18.9% |- | [[Wamarekani weusi|Weusi au Waafrika]] || 12.1% |- | [[Waasia]] || 6.0% |- | [[Machotara]] || 2.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Marekani/Alaska || 0.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Hawaii/Pasifiki || 0.2% |} === Lugha === Marekani ina [[mazingira]] yenye mchanganyiko mkubwa wa [[lugha]], ambapo zaidi ya [[lugha]] 350 huzungumzwa kote nchini. Takwimu za mwaka 2020 zinaonyesha kuwa asilimia 78 ya wakazi huzungumza [[Kiingereza]] pekee nyumbani, huku asilimia 22 wakitumia lugha nyingine. Kati ya kundi hili, [[Kihispania]] kinachukua asilimia 13, kikifuatwa na [[Kichina]] (1.1%), [[Kitagalog]] (0.6%), Kivietinamu (0.5%), [[Kiarabu]] (0.5%), [[Kifaransa]] (0.4%), [[Kikorea]] (0.3%) na [[Kirusi]] (0.3%). Lugha za kiasili zinabaki na sehemu ndogo chini ya 0.5%, huku Kinavajo kikiwa na wasemaji wengi zaidi. <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Lugha za Marekani|website=census.gov|url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2022/12/languages-we-speak-in-united-states.html|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> === Dini === [[File:Magen David Brooklyn.JPG|thumb|Sinagogi ya Magen David, New York]] [[Dini]] nchini Marekani inaonyesha mchanganyiko mkubwa wa imani na mwenendo wa kubadilika kwa muda. Kulingana na takwimu za hivi karibuni, asilimia 62 ya watu wazima wanajitambulisha kuwa [[Wakristo]] huku wengi wao wakiwa [[Waprotestanti]] (40%), [[Wakatoliki]] (19%), na makundi mengine ya Kikristo (3%). Asilimia 29 [[Wasio na dini|hawana uhusiano wa kidini]], kundi linalojumuisha [[Ukanamungu|wasiomwamini Mungu]] (5%), wanaotilia shaka (6%), na wasiokuwa na maelezo maalum (19%). Dini nyingine zisizo za Kikristo zinachukua asilimia 7, zikiwemo [[Wayahudi]] (2%), [[Waislamu]] (1%), [[Ubudha|Wabudha]] (1%), [[Wahindu]] (1%), na zingine ndogo zaidi. Hata hivyo, imani za kiroho zinabaki kuwa na ushawishi mpana, ambapo zaidi ya asilimia 80 ya watu wanaamini katika Mungu, roho au nguvu ya juu.<ref>{{Cite Web|title=Dini katika USA|website=pewresearch.org|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2022/09/13/how-u-s-religious-composition-has-changed-in-recent-decades/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Dini !! Asilimia |- | Ukristo || 63% |- | Wasiokuwa na dini || 29% |- | Uyahudi || 2% |- | Uislamu || 1% |- | Uhindu || 1% |- | Ubudha || 1% |- | Nyingine || 3% |} === Muundo wa Umri === Umri wa kati: miaka 38.5 (2021). {| class="wikitable" ! Kikundi cha umri !! Asilimia |- | 0–14 miaka || 18.2% |- | 15–64 miaka || 64.6% |- | 65+ miaka || 17.2% |} === Elimu === [[File:Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - panoramio.jpg|thumb|250px|Chuo cha Teknolojia cha Massachusetts]] [[Elimu]] nchini Marekani ina kiwango cha juu cha ushirikishwaji, ambapo takribani asilimia 91 ya watu wenye umri wa miaka 25 na zaidi wamekamilisha angalau [[elimu]] ya [[sekondari]], na karibu asilimia 38 wamehitimu [[elimu]] ya [[chuo kikuu]] au zaidi. Kati ya wakazi hao, asilimia 28 wana elimu ya sekondari pekee, 15 elimu ya chuo bila [[shahada]], 10 shahada ya kati (associate degree), 23 shahada ya kwanza, na 14 elimu ya juu zaidi kama shahada ya uzamili, kitaaluma au uzamivu. === Kipato na Umaskini === * Kipato cha kati kwa kaya: $70,784 (2021).<ref name=":0">{{Cite Web|title=Demografia za Marekani|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> * Kiwango cha umaskini: 11.6% (2021).<ref name=":0" /> ===Watu maarufu === * [[Abraham Lincoln]] * [[Al Capone]] * [[Barack Obama]] * [[Beyoncé Knowles]] * [[Bill Gates]] * [[Bob Dylan]] * [[Donald Trump]] * [[Elvis Presley]] * [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] * [[George Gershwin]] * [[George Washington]] * [[Henry Ford]] * [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] * [[John Kennedy]] * [[Louis Armstrong]] * [[Madonna (mwanamuziki)|Madonna]] * [[Malcolm X]] * [[Martin Luther King]] * [[Michael Jackson]] * [[Michael Jordan]] * [[Miles Davis]] * [[Oprah Winfrey]] * [[Rosa Parks]] * [[Steve Jobs]] * [[Thomas Edison]] * [[Thomas Jefferson]] * [[Walt Disney]] * [[William Edward Burghardt Du Bois]] == Jiografia == === Marekani bara === [[Picha:USATopographicalMap.jpg|right|thumb|600px|Picha kutoka angani ikionyesha majimbo 48 ya Marekani yanayopakana]] Eneo la Marekani lina ukubwa wa [[kilometa mraba]] 9,826,675 na liko hasa katika [[bara]] la Amerika Kaskazini kati ya Kanada upande wa [[kaskazini]] na Meksiko upande wa [[kusini]]. Marekani imeunganisha upana wote wa bara kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Pasifiki]], ikigawanywa kwa majimbo 48 yanayojitawala. Eneo hilo lagawiwa katikati na [[mto]] mkubwa [[Mississippi (mto)|Mississippi]] unaoanza mpakani kwa Kanada na kuishia katika [[Ghuba ya Meksiko]]. === Alaska === Jimbo la [[Alaska]] liko pia kwenye bara la Amerika Kaskazini upande wa kaskazini kutoka Kanada kuelekea [[Urusi]], lakini halipakani na jimbo lolote la Marekani. === Hawaii === [[Funguvisiwa]] la [[Hawaii]] ni jimbo la visiwani katika bahari ya Pasifiki. Ni jimbo la 50 na la mwisho mpaka sasa. === Visiwa vya ng'ambo vya Marekani === [[Maeneo ya ng'ambo ya Marekani]] ni visiwa kadhaa ambavyo ni maeneo ya Kimarekani ingawa si sehemu ya jimbo lolote. Zamani yalikuwa kama [[makoloni]] hata kama Marekani ilidai kutokuwa na [[ukoloni]]. Siku hizi maeneo haya yamepata viwango mbalimbali vya kujitawala. Kwa kawaida maeneo haya huchagua pia wawakilishi kwa ajili ya [[bunge]] la Marekani lakini wawakilishi hao si wabunge wa kawaida, bali wana haki ya kusema na kushauri tu bila [[haki ya kupiga kura]]. Visiwa muhimu kati ya hivyo ni kama ifuatavyo: * [[Puerto Rico]] ([[Karibi]]) * [[Visiwa vya Virgin vya Marekani]] (Karibi) * [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] ([[Pasifiki]]) * [[Guam]] (Pasifiki) ===Milima=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya milima ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Safu ya milima]] ya [[Rocky Mountains]] inavuka Marekani yote kutoka kaskazini hadi kusini upande wa magharibi. ===Mito=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya mito ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Mto]] mkubwa wa Marekani ni [[Mto Mississippi]]. == Historia== === Asili na Historia ya Awali === [[Picha:U.S. Territorial Acquisitions.png|thumb|Uenezi wa nchi hatua kwa hatua.]] [[Historia ya awali]] inaanza na kilele cha [[Enzi ya barafu]], watu wa [[Asia]] walipoweka kuingia [[Alaska]] kupitia nchi kavu. Baada ya hapo watu hao na [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wao hawakuwa tena na uhusiano na wale wa "[[Dunia ya zamani]]" ([[Afrika]], Asia na [[Ulaya]]) mpaka walipofikiwa na [[Wazungu]] kutoka [[Norway]] ([[karne ya 10]]) na [[Christopher Columbus]] [[mwaka]] [[1492]]. Hao wakazi wa kwanza walikuwa [[wawindaji-wakusanyaji]]; wakifuata mawindo yao walifika taratibu hadi ncha ya [[kusini]] ya [[Amerika]] ([[Tierra del Fuego]]). Polepole [[utamaduni]] wa baadhi ya [[Kabila|makabila]], ingawa kwa kuchelewa kuliko Dunia ya zamani, ulifikia hadhi ya [[ustaarabu]], kama vile ule wa [[Mississippi]]. === Enzi ya Ukoloni na Kuanzishwa kwa Taifa === [[Safari]] za [[baharia]] Christopher Columbus kuanzia mwaka 1492, zilivuta hasa [[Hispania]], [[Ureno]] na halafu [[Uingereza]], [[Ufaransa]] na [[Uholanzi]] kujianzishia [[Koloni|makoloni]] ili kunyonya [[maliasili]] nyingi za "[[Dunia mpya]]". Kwa namna hiyo, [[mazingira]] ya Amerika yalibadilika kabisa mpaka zikatokea aina mpya za utamaduni na hatimaye [[Taifa|mataifa]] mapya, hasa kutokana na mchanganyiko ya wenyeji ([[Waindio]]) na [[walowezi]] kutoka Ulaya, halafu pia [[watumwa]] kutoka [[Afrika]]. Marekani ilianza kama muunganiko wa [[Koloni|makoloni]] ya [[Uingereza]] kwenye [[pwani]] ya [[mashariki]] ya [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] tangu [[karne ya 17]]. Walowezi kutoka [[Uingereza]] walijipatia ardhi wakipigana na wenyeji Waindio. === Upanuzi wa Karne ya 19 na Vita vya Wenyewe kwa Wenyewe === Tangu [[karne ya 19]] wahamiaji walifika pia kutoka [[Asia]], hasa [[China]] na [[Japani]]. Katika vita dhidi ya [[Hispania]] na [[Meksiko]], Marekani ilipanua eneo lake kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe ya Marekani]] ilipigwa kuanzia [[1861]] hadi [[1865]] kati ya majimbo ya kusini na majimbo ya kaskazini nchini Marekani. Sababu mojawapo muhimu ya vita ilikuwa [[suala]] la [[utumwa]]. Majimbo ya kaskazini yaliwahi kupiga utumwa [[marufuku]] lakini majimbo ya kusini yaliendelea na [[sheria]] zilizoruhusu utumwa na [[Utajiri|matajiri]] wengi wa kusini walitegemea [[kazi]] ya watumwa hao. Mafarakano yalianza kuhusu swali kama madola mapya yaliyoanzishwa katika Amerika Kaskazini na kujiunga na Muungano yangeruhusiwa kukubali utumwa au la. Mwaka 1861 madola ya kusini-mashariki yalitangaza kujiondoa katika Muungano na kuanzisha "[[Shirikisho la Madola ya Marekani|Shirikisho la Madola ya Amerika]]". Vita vilianza na kudumu miaka minne na watu 650.000 walikufa, lakini mwishoni kaskazini ilishinda. Utumwa ulipigwa marufuku na watumwa walipewa [[haki]] za kiraia. Lakini watumwa wengi av awali waliendelea kuwa [[maskini]] na baada ya muda, sheria mpya katika majimbo ya kusini zilinyima haki nyingi za kiraia za [[Wamarekani weusi]] waliopaswa kuishi chini mfumo av [[ubaguzi wa rangi]]. [[File:New100front.jpg|right|thumb|[[Noti ya benki|Noti]] ya [[Dolar ya Marekani|Dola]] 100.]] Katika miongo iliyofuata, Marekani ilitwaa maeneo yaliyowahi kubaki chini ya [[mamlaka]] ya Waindio na kuyafanya maeneo yake. Katika [[Vita vya Marekani dhidi ya Hispania]] kwenye mwaka [[1898]] ilijipatia utawala juu ya [[Ufilipino]] na [[Puerto Rico]], makoloni ya awali ya [[Uhispania|Hispania]], na kuwa yenyewe nchi iliyotawala makoloni. === Wimbi la Uhamiaji na Sera za Kimataifa === Wahamiaji kwa [[milioni|mamilioni]] waliendelea kufika hasa kutoka Ulaya. Kabla ya mwaka [[1880]] idadi kubwa walitoka [[Ujerumani]], [[Eire]], Uingereza na [[Uskoti]], pamoja na [[Wachina]] waliotafuta kazi hasa [[California|Kalifornia]]. Baada ya mwaka 1880 hadi [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia|Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza vya Dunia]] ([[1914]]-[[1918]]) wengi walifika kutoka [[Ulaya ya Kusini]] na [[Ulaya ya Mashariki|ya Mashariki]], hasa [[Italia|Waitalia]], [[Wayahudi]] kutoka [[Milki ya Urusi]], [[Polandi|Wapolandi]] na wenyeji av nchi nyingine za [[Waslavi|Kislavi]]. Wahamiaji hao walileta pia [[Utamaduni|tamaduni]] zao na kukubali [[mshahara|mishahara]] midogo kuliko wenyeji waliowahi kufika mapema; hali hiyo ilileta mara kadhaa sheria zilizolenga kuweka mipaka; sheria ya mwaka [[1882]] ilikataa kufika kwa Wachina, sheria ya mwaka [[1922]] ililenga kupunguza [[idadi]] ya Waitalia, Wayahudi na watu av Ulaya ya Mashariki kwa kutaja mipaka kwa kila nchi ya [[asili]]<ref>[https://www.nps.gov/articles/closing-the-door-on-immigration.htm Closing the door on immigration], tovuti ya national Park service, Marekani, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2020</ref>. Katika [[siasa]] ya nje, Marekani iliwahi kutangaza tangu mwaka [[1823]] kwamba ilitazama [[Amerika]] yote kama eneo ambalo haikubali kuingiliwa na nchi za Ulaya; wakati ule makoloni mengi ya Amerika ya Kusini yalikuwa yakifaulu kupata uhuru kutoka Hispania, na Marekani ilitaka kusisitiza isingekubali kuingia kwa mataifa mengine ya Ulaya. Katika miongo iliyofuata [[uchumi]] av Marekani uliimarika pamoja na kukua kwa sekta ya [[Kiwanda|viwanda]] na [[wafanyabiashara]] wa Marekani walipanua [[biashara]] yao kimataifa; mnamo [[1854]] [[manowari]] za Marekani ziliilazimisha [[Japani]] kukubali kufunguliwa kwa [[ubalozi]] na kupokea wafanyabiashara. [[Meli]] za wafanyabiashara wa Marekani zilifika kote [[dunia|duniani]], tangu [[miaka ya 1830]] hadi [[Zanzibar]] ambako ubalozi mdogo ulifunguliwa mwaka [[1837]]<ref>Gilbert, Wesley. Our Man in Zanzibar: Richard Waters, American Consul (1837-1845), tasnifu 2011 kwenye Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/781d/d2e2510187a4c65055915b6a323a18c7419e.pdf online hapa] </ref>. Wakati wa vita dhidi ya Hispania Marekani ilihakikisha pia nafasi yake katika biashara ya [[China]] dhidi ya mipango ya mataifa ya Ulaya ya kuigawa nchi hiyo. === Karne ya 20: Vita Vikuu na Mdororo Mkuu === Mwaka [[1917]] Marekani iliingia katika Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza upande wa Uingereza na [[Ufaransa]]; baada ya vita [[rais]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] alishawishi [[Taifa|mataifa]] mengine kuanzisha [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] lakini [[bunge]] lilizuia kuingia kwa Marekani katika [[umoja]] huo. [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa mwaka [[1929]] ulileta matatizo makubwa kwa uchumi na hata [[njaa]] kwa [[raia]] wengi lakini ulileta pia siasa mpya ya "New Deal" chini ya rais [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] ambako kwa mara ya kwanza programu za kisiasa zilitumia [[Pato la taifa|mapato]] ya [[serikali]] kwa shabaha ya kusaidia idadi kubwa ya wananchi waliokuwa bila kazi, bila [[nyumba]] na bila [[kipato]]; [[Ujana|vijana]] kwa mamilioni waliajiriwa na serikali kwa kazi ya kujenga [[miundombinu]] ([[barabara]], [[Mfereji|mifereji]]) na kuboresha [[hifadhi za taifa]]. Mwaka [[1941]] Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia]] baada ya kushambuliwa na Japani na kupokea tangazo la vita kutoka Ujerumani. Uwezo wa kiuchumi av Marekani ulileta [[ushindi]] wa [[mataifa ya ushirikiano]]. Uwezo wake wa [[Sayansi|kisayansi]] ulipanuliwa na [[wanasayansi]] kama [[Albert Einstein]] waliopaswa kukimbia [[udikteta]] wa [[Adolf Hitler]] katika Ujerumani na kuiwezesha kutengeneza [[Mabomu ya nyuklia|mabomu ya kwanza ya nyuklia]] yaliyotumika mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1945]] kuteketeza [[Hiroshima]] na [[Nagasaki]]. === Vita Baridi na Mapambano ya Haki za Kiraia === Katika miongo ya [[vita baridi]] iliyofuata, Marekani ilikuwa taifa la kuongoza nchi zenye [[demokrasia]] na pia zile ambazo zilisimama upande wa [[ubepari]] tu bila demokrasia dhidi ya nchi za [[Ukomunisti|kikomunisti]] zilizoongozwa na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]. Mwanzo wa [[miaka ya 1960]] ilishindana na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] katika [[mbio]] wa kuingia katika [[anga-nje]] ikafaulu kupeleka watu wa kwanza hadi [[Mwezi]] mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1969]]. Kutokana na ushindani na nchi za ukomunisti Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita ya Vietnam]] hadi kushindwa mwaka [[1975]]. Vilevile miaka ya 1960 ilikuwa kipindi cha mapambano kwa ajili ya haki za Wamarekani weusi, [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wa watumwa wa awali hasa kusini mwa Marekani. Sheria zilizotenganisha watu pamoja na matumizi ya [[shule]], [[Chuo|vyuo]], [[jengo|majengo]] na [[taasisi]] za [[burudani]] kulingana na [[rangi]] ya [[ngozi]], zilizozuia [[ndoa]] kati ya watu wa rangi tofauti na kuzuia watu maskini wasitumie haki za kiraia zilipigwa marufuku bila kuondoa tofauti katika uwezo wa kiuchumi kati ya [[kundi|makundi]] katika jamii. [[Mapinduzi]] ya [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] ya [[kompyuta]] na [[intaneti]] yalienea Marekani haraka kushinda sehemu nyingine za Dunia. == Uchumi== [[File:View of Empire State Building from Rockefeller Center New York City dllu (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Manhattan]], [[New York]]]] [[Uchumi]] wa Marekani ndiyo mkubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], ukiwa na sifa ya utofauti wake, ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]], na kiwango cha juu cha uzalishaji. Unafanya kazi hasa kama [[uchumi]] wa soko mchanganyiko, ambapo sekta binafsi ina nafasi kubwa sambamba na udhibiti na uingiliaji wa [[serikali]]. Sekta kuu ni pamoja na [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[fedha]], [[afya]], na [[teknolojia]], huku sekta ya huduma ikichangia sehemu kubwa zaidi ya [[plt|pato la kiuchumi]]. Marekani pia ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] asilia, unaochangia maendeleo ya sekta za [[nishati]], [[kilimo]], na uchimbaji madini. Sifa kuu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani ni uongozi wake katika ubunifu na biashara ya kimataifa. Nchi hii ni makazi ya baadhi ya makampuni makubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], hasa katika maeneo kama ''Silicon Valley''. Uwekezaji mkubwa katika utafiti na maendeleo, pamoja na mfumo imara wa elimu ya juu, umewezesha maendeleo katika nyanja kama teknolojia ya taarifa, bioteknolojia, na anga na usafiri wa anga. Aidha, [[dola ya Marekani]] hutumika kama sarafu kuu ya akiba duniani, jambo linaloipa nchi nafasi ya kipekee katika fedha na biashara ya kimataifa. [[Biashara]] ya kimataifa ni sehemu muhimu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani, ikiwa na washirika wakubwa kama [[Kanada]], [[Meksiko]], [[China]], na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. Nchi hii husafirisha bidhaa kama [[mashine]], [[ndege]], na mazao ya kilimo, huku ikiagiza bidhaa za matumizi, vifaa vya kielektroniki, na malighafi. Zaidi ya hayo, Marekani ina mfumo uliokua sana wa [[fedha|kifedha]] na masoko ya mitaji unaoathiri [[uchumi]] wa dunia. Licha ya nguvu zake, [[uchumi]] huu unakabiliwa na changamoto kama pengo la kipato, deni la umma, na mabadiliko ya kiuchumi, lakini bado unasalia kuwa miongoni mwa uchumi wenye ushawishi mkubwa na wenye nguvu zaidi duniani. == Siasa == [[File:White House 02.jpg|thumb|White house, Washington DC]] Siasa nchini Marekani hufanya kazi chini ya mfumo wa [[serikali ya kiraisi|jamhuri ya kikatiba ya urais ya shirikisho]], ambapo mamlaka hugawanywa kati ya serikali kuu ya kitaifa na majimbo binafsi. <ref name="USA_Gov_Branches">{{cite web |url=https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government |title=Branches of the U.S. Government |website=USA.gov |publisher=Official Guide to Government Information and Services |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Rais hutumika kama mkuu wa nchi na mkuu wa serikali na huchaguliwa kupitia mfumo wa Baraza la Wateule badala ya kura ya moja kwa moja ya kitaifa ya wananchi. <ref name="CFR_ElectoralCollege">{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-electoral-college-works-united-states |author=Lindsay Maizland |title=How the Electoral College Works in the United States |website=CFR.org |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |date=October 31, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa umejengwa juu ya mgawanyo wa mamlaka kati ya mihimili mitatu: utendaji, utungaji sheria, na mahakama, ambapo kila mmoja una majukumu ya kikatiba pamoja na mfumo wa kuzuiana na kusawazishana mamlaka ili kuzuia mkusanyiko wa madaraka. <ref name="Britannica_US_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/government-of-the-United-States |title=Government of the United States |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Tawi ya kutunga sheria ni Bunge la Marekani, ambalo lina mabunge mawili: [[Bunge la taifa|Baraza la Wawakilishi]] na [[Seneti]]. Baraza la Wawakilishi linawakilisha maeneo ya uchaguzi kulingana na idadi ya watu, huku Seneti ikitoa uwakilishi sawa kwa kila jimbo kwa maseneta wawili kwa kila jimbo. <ref name="Senate_Gov_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/origins-foundations/senate-and-constitution/constitution.htm |title=The Senate and the Constitution |website=Senate.gov |publisher=United States Senate |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Bunge lina jukumu la kutunga sheria za shirikisho, kupitisha [[bajeti]], kutangaza vita, na kusimamia mhimili wa utendaji. Mhimili wa mahakama unaongozwa na Mahakama ya Juu, ambayo hutafsiri Katiba na kuchunguza uhalali wa sheria pamoja na vitendo vya serikali. <ref name="US_Courts_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/about |title=About the Supreme Court |website=USCourts.gov |publisher=Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa nchini humo unatawaliwa zaidi na mfumo wa vyama viwili, hasa Chama cha ''Democratic'' na Chama cha ''Republican''. Vyama hivi hushindana katika uchaguzi wa [[shirikisho]], majimbo, na serikali za mitaa, ingawa pia kuna vyama vingine vidogo. <ref name="LibraryOfCongress_Parties">{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/elections/political-parties/ |title=Political Parties - Elections |website=loc.gov |publisher=Library of Congress |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Uchaguzi hufanyika mara kwa mara, ukiwemo uchaguzi wa urais kila baada ya miaka minne na uchaguzi wa bunge kila baada ya miaka miwili kwa Baraza la Wawakilishi pamoja na mihula ya miaka sita inayobadilishana kwa Seneti. Kampeni za kisiasa huathiriwa sana na uchangishaji [[fedha]], [[vyombo vya habari]], maoni ya umma, na sheria za uchaguzi za majimbo. <ref name="FEC_Campaigns">{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/introduction-campaign-finance/ |title=Introduction to campaign finance |website=fec.gov |publisher=Federal Election Commission |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Masuala makuu ya kisiasa nchini Marekani yanajumuisha [[Marekani#Uchumi|uchumi]], huduma za afya, uhamiaji, sera za kigeni, udhibiti wa [[silaha]], mabadiliko ya [[tabianchi]], na usawa wa kijamii. <ref name="Pew_Research_Issues">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/02/29/americans-top-policy-priorities-for-2024/ |title=Americans’ Top Policy Priorities for 2024 |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=February 29, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mgawanyiko wa kisiasa kati ya vyama vikuu umeongezeka katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, na kusababisha tofauti kubwa za kiitikadi kuhusu sera mbalimbali. Licha ya hali hiyo, Marekani inaendelea kudumisha mfumo thabiti wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wenye uchaguzi wa mara kwa mara, taasisi huru, na ushiriki mkubwa wa raia kupitia kupiga kura, mijadala ya umma, na mapitio ya kimahakama. <ref name="FreedomHouse_US">{{cite web |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/united-states/freedom-world/2024 |title=Freedom in the World 2024: United States |website=Freedom House |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya majimbo ya Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya Marais wa Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya chaguzi za Rais wa Marekani]] * [[Peace Corps]] * [[Jamii:Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Uchumi wa Marekani]] ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} == Bibliografia == {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |title=Regulating Wall Street: The Dodd-Frank Act and the New Architecture of Global Finance |ref=Acharya10 |first1=Viral V. |last1=Acharya |first2=Thomas F. |last2=Cooley |first3=Matthew P. |last3=Richardson |first4=Ingo |last4=Walter |page=592 |publisher=Wiley |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-470-76877-8}} * {{cite journal |last1=Barth |first1=James |first2=John |last2=Jahera |title=US Enacts Sweeping Financial Reform Legislation |ref=Barth10 |journal=Journal of Financial Economic Policy |volume=2 |issue=3 |year=2010 |pages=192–195 }} * {{cite book |last=Berkin |first=Carol |last2=Miller |first2=Christopher L. |last3=Cherny |first3=Robert W. |last4=Gormly |first4=James L. |title=Making America: A History of the United States, Volume I: To 1877 |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2007 |ref=Berkin |page=75}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/Making_America_Volume_1_To_1877_A_Histor.html?id=cyEI21RClZkC Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Bianchine |first1=Peter J. |journal=Allergy and Asthma Proceedings|last2=Russo |first2=Thomas A. |year=1992 |title=The Role of Epidemic Infectious Diseases in the Discovery of America |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=225–232 |ref=Bianchine |publisher=OceanSide Publications, Inc. |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ocean/aap/1992/00000013/00000005/art00002 |accessdate=September 9, 2012 }} * {{cite book |author1=Boyer, Paul S. |author2=Clark, Clifford E. Jr. |author3=Kett, Joseph F. |last4=Salisbury|first4=Neal|last5=Sitkoff|first5= Harvard|last6=Woloch|first6=Nancy |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People |ref=Boyer |year=2007|publisher=Cengage Learning |page=588 |isbn=978-0-618-80161-9}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=9KT3lI76-0cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Clingan |first=Edmund |title=An Introduction to Modern Western Civilization |ref=Clingan |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=978-1-4620-5439-8}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=FS3TnrLu7y8C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first=Colin G. |last=Calloway |title=New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press|JHU Press]] |ref=Calloway1998 |page=229 |isbn=978-0-8018-5959-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=edYbAZ7ECEoC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Davis |first=Kenneth C. |title=Don't know much about the Civil War |url=https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1 |ref=Davis96 |publisher=William Marrow and Co. |location=New York |year=1996 |isbn=0-688-11814-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1/page/518 518] }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Dphzw2cbaoQC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Daynes |first=Byron W. |last2=Sussman |first2=Glen |title=White House Politics and the Environment: Franklin D. Roosevelt to George W. Bush |url=https://archive.org/details/whitehousepoliti0000dayn |ref=Daynes |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]] |year=2010 |page=320 |isbn=978-1-60344-254-1 |quote=Presidential environmental policies, 1933–2009 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=HIOQ1FYHtcYC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first= Sylvan G. |last=Feldstein |first2=Frank J., CFA |last2=Fabozzi |title=The Handbook of Municipal Bonds |ref=Feldstein |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]], January 13, 2011 |page=1376 |isbn=978-1-118-04494-0}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Juc4fb1Fx1cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Gold |first=Susan Dudley |title=United States V. Amistad: Slave Ship Mutiny |url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold |ref=Gold2006 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold/page/144 144] |isbn=978-0-7614-2143-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=mbV6kPGO4OAC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Ferguson |first1=Thomas |last2=Rogers |first2=Joel |ref=Ferguson |year=1986 |title=The Myth of America's Turn to the Right |journal=[[The Atlantic]] |volume=257 |issue=5 |pages=43–53 |url=http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |accessdate=March 11, 2013 |archive-date=2015-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104235329/http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |dead-url=yes }} * {{cite book |last=Fraser |first=Steve |first2=Gary |last2=Gerstle |ref=Fraser |title=The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order: 1930–1980 |series=American History: Political science |url=http://books.google.com/?id=yd4GqkP5XYgC&lpg=PA229 |year=1989 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-00607-9 |page=311 }} * {{cite book |last=Gordon |first=John Steele |ref=Gordon |title=An Empire of Wealth: The Epic History of American Economic Power |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofwealthth00gord |year=2004 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/An_Empire_of_Wealth.html?id=rmsUs_KDgHAC Book] * {{cite book |last=Graebner |first=Norman A. |last2=Burns |first2=Richard Dean |last3=Siracusa |first3=Joseph M. |ref=Burns2008 |title=Reagan, Bush, Gorbachev: Revisiting the End of the Cold War |url=http://books.google.com/?id=r71u_AgE7iYC&lpg=PA142 |year=2008 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |series=Praeger Security International Series |isbn=978-0-313-35241-6 |page=180 }} * {{cite book |last=Hughes |first=David |title=The British Chronicles |volume=1 |page=347 |year=2007 |publisher=Heritage Books |location=[[Westminster, Maryland|Westminster]], [[Maryland]]}} * {{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Lawrence R. |title=Health Care Reform and American Politics: What Everyone Needs to Know: What Everyone Needs to Know |url=https://archive.org/details/healthcarereform0000jaco |ref=Jacobs10 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-978142-3 }} * {{cite book |last=Johnson |first=Paul |ref=Johnson |title=A History of the American People |year=1997 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=26–30}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/A_History_of_the_American_People.html?id=RXSVQjz1_tMC eBook version] * {{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Native American Wars and Warfare |series=[[Infobase Publishing|Facts on File]] library of American History |last=Kessel |first=William B. |last2=Wooster |first2=Robert |authorlink= |year=2005 |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-8160-3337-9 |page=398|ref=Kessel}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=laxSyAp89G4C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{Rejea kitabu |last= Kolko |first= Gabriel |authorlink= Gabriel Kolko |year= 1988 |title= Confronting the Third World: United States Foreign Policy, 1945–1980 |url= https://archive.org/details/confrontingthird0000kolk |location= New York, NY |publisher= [[Pantheo n Books|Pantheon]] |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Leckie |first=Robert | authorlink = Robert Leckie (author)|title=None died in vain: The Saga of the American Civil War |ref=Leckie |publisher=Harper-Collins |location=New York |year=1990 |page=[https://archive.org/details/nonediedinvainsa00leck/page/682 682] |isbn=0-06-016280-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=gvIeAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last= Leffler |first= Melvyn P. |authorlink= Melvyn P. Leffler |year= 2010 |chapter= The emergence of an American grand strategy, 1945–1952 |title= ''In Melvyn P. Leffler and [[Odd Arne Westad]], eds.,''The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1: Origins ''(pp.&nbsp;67–89)'' |location= Cambridge |publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn= 978-0-521-83719-4 |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Lemon |first=James T. |editor=Robert D. Mitchell |editor2=Paul A. Groves |title=North America: the historical geography of a changing continent |chapter=Colonial America in the 18th Century |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=1987 |ref=Lemon}}, [http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf PDF] {{Wayback|url=http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf |date=20130123135724 }} * {{cite book |last=Lien, Ph.D. |first=Arnold Johnson |title=Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law, Volume 54 |ref=Lien |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co., Agents, London; [[Columbia University]], New York |year=1913 |page=604 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=UYpVAAAAYAAJ }} * {{cite book |author=Karen Woods Weierman|title=One Nation, One Blood: Interracial Marriage In American Fiction, Scandal, And Law, 1820–1870 |url=https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie|year=2005|publisher=[[University of Massachusetts Press]]|isbn=978-1-55849-483-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie/page/214 214]}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=24mIQuLBuN8C&pg=PA44 Book] * Website sources{{cite book |last=Levenstein |first=Harvey |title=Revolution at the Table: The Transformation of the American Diet |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutionattabl0000leve_d6o6 |ref=Levenstein |publisher=University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles |year=2003 |isbn=0-520-23439-1 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Mann |first1=Kaarin |year=2007 |ref=Mann |title=Interracial Marriage In Early America: Motivation and the Colonial Project |journal=Michigan Journal of History |issue=Fall |publisher=University of Michigan |url=http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515063053/http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archivedate=2013-05-15 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2015-02-09 }} * {{cite book |last=Price |first=David A. |ref=Price |title=Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Start of a New Nation |url=https://archive.org/details/lovehateinjamest00pric |publisher=Random House |year=2003}} [http://books.google.com/books?id=_EFbS_7fFcYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false eBook version] * {{cite book |last=Quirk |first=Joel |title=The Anti-Slavery Project: From the Slave Trade to Human Trafficking |url=https://archive.org/details/antislaveryproje0000quir |ref=Quirk |year=2011 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-4333-8 |page=344 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=qqxK4KlqKYMC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Ranlet |first=Philip |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |ref=Ranlet |publisher=North Eastern University Press |editor=Alden T. Vaughan |pages= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Rausch |first=David A. |title=Native American Voices |url=https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus |ref=Rausch |publisher=Baker Books, Grand Rapids |page=[https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus/page/n180 180] |year=1994 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=iyZMeGMgIgEC&vq=triangle&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Remini |first=Robert V. |title=The House: The History of the House of Representatives |url=https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi |ref=Remini |year=2007 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=[https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi/page/2 2]–3 }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_House.html?id=CAM6J6IoQFQC Book] * {{cite book |last=Ripper |first=Jason |title=American Stories: To 1877 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp |year=2008 |ref=Ripper2008 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp/page/n317 299] |isbn=978-0-7656-2903-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=vX-fYvoAeHwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Russell |first=John Henderson |title=The Free Negro in Virginia, 1619–1865 |ref=Russell1913 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University |year=1913 |page=196}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=G7AJAAAAIAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s E'Book] * {{cite book |last=Schneider |first= Dorothy |last2= Schneider |first2= Carl J. |title=Slavery in America |ref=Schneider |publisher=Infobase Publishing |year=2007 |page=554 |isbn=978-1-4381-0813-1}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=QlemwRTsY20C&vq=census&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Schultz |first=David Andrew |title=Encyclopedia of the United States Constitution |ref=Schultz |year=2009 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |page=904 |isbn=978-1-4381-2677-7}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=f7m713xwK58C&vq=twenty+seven+times&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Simonson |first=Peter |title=Refiguring Mass Communication: A History |url=https://archive.org/details/refiguringmassco0000simo |ref=Simonson |year=2010 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |quote=He held high the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the nation's unofficial motto, ''e pluribus unum'', even as he was recoiling from the party system in which he had long participated. |location=Urbana |isbn=978-0-252-07705-0 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=N6lrAmPlbvIC&pg=PA79&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false Book] * {{cite book |last=Smith |first= Andrew F. |year=2004 |title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America'' |ref=Smith2004 |publisher=New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 131–32. ISBN 0-19-515437-1}} * {{cite book |last=Soss |first=Joe |editor-last=Hacker |editor-first=Jacob S. |editor2-last=Mettler |editor2-first=Suzanne |ref=Soss |title=Remaking America: Democracy and Public Policy in an Age of Inequality |year=2010 |publisher=Russell Sage Foundation |isbn=978-1-61044-694-5 |pages=}}, [http://books.google.com/?id=JttyjBoyb3AC&lpg=PA12 Book] * {{cite book |ref=Tadman |last=Tadman |first=Michael |title=The Demographic Cost of Sugar: Debates on Slave Societies and Natural Increase in the Americas |journal=American Historical Review |volume=105 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |issue=5}}, [http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2652029?uid=3739560&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&purchase-type=article&accessType=RR&sid=21102125115943&showMyJstorPss=false&seq=1&showAccess=true Article] * {{cite book |ref=Taylor |last=Taylor |first=Alan |title=American Colonies: The Settling of North America |publisher=Penguin Books, New York |editor=Eric Foner |year=2002 |isbn=0-670-87282-2}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=NPoAQRgkrOcC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Thornton |first=Russell |title=American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0 |series=Volume 186 of Civilization of the American Indian Series |year=1987 |ref=Thornton |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-2220-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0/page/49 49] }}, [http://books.google.com/?id=9iQYSQ9y60MC&lpg=PA49 Book] * {{cite book|last=Tooze|first=Adam|authorlink=Adam Tooze|year=2006|title=[[The Wages of Destruction|The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy]]|location=London|publisher=Allen Lane|isbn=978-0-7139-9566-4|ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Vaughan |first=Alden T. |ref=Vaughan |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |publisher=North Eastern University Press |page= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Walton |first=Gary M. |last2=Rockoff |first2=Hugh |title=History of the American Economy |year=2009 |ref=Walton |publisher=Cengage Learning}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/History_of_the_American_Economy_With_Acc.html?id=lyhI1q_E4G0C Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Daniel K. |year=2012 |ref=Williams |title=Questioning Conservatism's Ascendancy: A Reexamination of the Rightward Shift in Modern American Politics; {Reviews in American History} |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=325–331 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press }} * {{cite book | author=Winchester, Simon |title=The men who United the States |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602| year=2013|publisher=Harper Collins | isbn=978-0-06-207960-2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602/page/198 198], 216, 251, 253 }} * {{cite book |last=Zinn |first=Howard |authorlink=Howard Zinn |title=[[A People's History of the United States]] |ref=Zinn |year=2005 |publisher=[[Harper Perennial|Harper Perennial Modern Classics]]|location= |isbn=0-06-083865-5 |pages=321–357}} {{refend}} * {{CIA World Factbook link|us|United States}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-16761057 United States], from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=US Key Development Forecasts for the United States] from [[International Futures]] ;Serikali * [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to government sites * [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives * [http://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate * [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States ;Historia * [http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical Documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research * [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }} Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance * [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data ;Ramani * [http://nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] {{Wayback|url=http://nationalatlas.gov/ |date=20060720093336 }} Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior * {{wikiatlas|the United States}} * [http://www.measureofamerica.org/maps/ Measure of America] A variety of mapped information relating to health, education, income, and demographics for the U.S. ;Vingine * {{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1217752.stm |title=''Country Profile: United States of America'' |ref=BBC18may |work=BBC News |location =London |date=April 22, 2008 |accessdate=May 18, 2008}} * {{cite web |author=Cohen, Eliot A. |ref=Cohen |location=Washington D.C. |url= http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59919/eliot-a-cohen/history-and-the-hyperpower |title=''History and the Hyperpower'' |work=Foreign Affairs |date=July–August 2004 |accessdate=July 14, 2006}} * {{cite web |title=Slavery and the Slave Trade in Rhode Island |ref=Brown |url=http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library/jcbexhibit/Pages/exhibSlavery.html}} * {{cite web |url= http://www.treasury.gov/about/education/Pages/in-god-we-trust.aspx |title=History of "In God We Trust" |ref=God |publisher=U.S. Department of the Treasury |date=March 8, 2011 |accessdate=February 23, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |title=''Early History, Native Americans, and Early Settlers in Mercer County'' |year=427 |ref=Mercer |publisher=Mercer County Historical Society |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625185429/http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |archivedate=2012-06-25 |accessdate=2015-02-09 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=2MjxPJ9W4gwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite news |title=Looking back 20 years: Who deserves credit for ending the Cold War? |author=Nick Hayes |ref=Hayes |url=http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2009/11/looking-back-20-years-who-deserves-credit-ending-cold-war |newspaper=MinnPost |date=November 6, 2009 |accessdate=March 11, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.ushistory.org/us/59e.asp |title=59e. The End of the Cold War |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |work=U.S. History.org |ref=ushistory13|publisher=Independence Hall Association |accessdate=March 10, 2013}} * {{cite book |last=Levy |first=Peter B. |ref=Levy1996 |title=Encyclopedia of the Reagan-Bush Years |url=http://books.google.com/?id=7veohk0fkLYC&lpg=PA88 |year=1996 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn= 978-0-313-29018-3 |page=442}} * {{cite journal |last1=Wallander |first1=Celeste A. |year=2003 |ref=Wallander2003 |title=Western Policy and the Demise of the Soviet Union |journal=[[Journal of Cold War Studies]] |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=137–177 |publisher=[[President and Fellows of Harvard College]] and the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] }} {{refend}} {{Marekani}} {{Amerika Kaskazini}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Amerika ya Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Marekani| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G7]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G8]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G20]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 527co7pjnfhq3o9cgw5wgy7ppm3c935 1543860 1543858 2026-05-15T18:18:34Z Gayle157 73366 Gayle157 moved page [[United States of America]] to [[Marekani]] over redirect 1543858 wikitext text/x-wiki y<i>{{about|nchi|bara|Amerika}}</i> {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_rasmi=Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika |jina_asili=''United States of America'' ([[Kiingereza]]) |bendera=Flag_of_the_United_States_(DoS_ECA_Color_Standard).svg |nembo=Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg |kaulimbiu="In God We Trust" |wimbo="[[Star spangled banner|The Star-Spangled Banner]]"<br>[[File:Star_Spangled_Banner_instrumental.ogg]] |ramani=USA orthographic.svg|mji_mkubwa=[[New York]] |mji_mkuu=[[Washington, D.C.]] |majiranukta1={{majiranukta|38|53|N|77|1|W|type:city}} |majiranukta2={{majiranukta|40|43|N|74|0|W|type:city}} |lugha_rasmi= [[Kiingereza]] |lugha_taifa=[[Kiingereza]] |serikali=[[Jamhuri ya shirikisho]] |muundo_uhuru='''Uhuru''' kutoka [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] |eneo_jumla=9 833 520<ref name="worldfactbook">{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=United States}}</ref> |cheo_eneo=3 |maji=7.0<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/how-wet-your-state-water-area-each-state |title=The Water Area of Each State |date=8 Juni 2018}}</ref> |ardhi=9 147 593<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |watu_kadirio=335 893 238<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/01/census-bureau-projects-us-and-world-populations-new-years-day|title=Census Bureau Projects U.S. and World Populations on New Year’s Day|date=3 Januari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_kadirio=2024 |pato={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/weo-report?c=111,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024 Edition. (United States) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=www.imf.org |date=22 Oktoba 2024 |access-date=12 Februari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_pato=2024 |pato_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |mwaka_maendeleo=2023 |maendeleo={{ongezeko}} 0.938<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|language=en|publisher=[[Mradi wa Maendeleo wa Umoja wa Mataifa]]|date=13 Machi 2024|access-date=22 Machi 2023|archive-date=19 Machi 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319085123/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx}}</ref> - {{juu sana}} |fedha=[[Dola ya Marekani]] |majira_saa=−4 hadi −12, +10, +11 |udereva=Kulia |msimbo_simu=1 |tovuti=https://www.usa.gov |tukio1=[[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani|Tangazo]] |tukio2=Muungano |tukio3=Kutambuliwa |tukio4=Katiba |tukio1_tarehe=4 Julai 1776 |tukio2_tarehe=1 Machi 1781 |tukio3_tarehe=3 Septemba 1783 |tukio4_tarehe=21 Juni 1788 |kiongozi1=[[Donald Trump]]|kiongozi2=[[JD Vance]]|cheo_kiongozi1=[[Rais wa Marekani|Rais]]|cheo_kiongozi2=Naibu Rais |gini={{PungukoChanya}} 41.3<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |mwaka_gini=2022 |msongamano=33.6}} '''Marekani''', rasmi '''Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika''' (Kiingereza: ''United States of America'', kifupi: ''USA'') ni [[nchi]] iliyomo [[Amerika Kaskazini]], na inapakana na [[Kanada]] upande wa [[kaskazini]] na [[Meksiko]] upande wa [[kusini]]. Inajumuisha [[jimbo|majimbo]] 50, [[Washington, D.C.|wilaya ya shirikisho]], na maeneo ya nje. [[California]] na [[Texas]] ndiyo majimbo yaliyokuwa na watu wengi zaidi. Marekani ina takriban watu milioni 340 na kuwa nchi ya tatu [[dunia|duniani]] kuwa na watu wengi sana. Aidha, ni [[nchi]] ya tatu kwa ukubwa [[dunia|duniani]], ikiwa na [[eneo]] la takriban kilomita za mraba milioni 9.8, ikienea kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]].[[Mji mkuu]] wa Marekani ni [[Washington DC]]. [[Los Angeles]], [[New York]] na [[Chicago]] ndio [[mji|miji]] mikubwa Marekani ina [[jiografia]] na hali ya hewa tofauti, ikianzia kwenye tundra ya [[Aktiki]] huko [[Alaska]] hadi fukwe za kitropiki huko [[Florida]] na [[Hawaii]]. Mandhari yake inajumuisha safu kuu za milima kama ''Rockies'' na ''Appalachians'', nyanda pana, na mito mikubwa kama [[Mississippi]] na [[Missouri (mto)]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Geography and Cartography of United States|url=https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/geography-and-cartography/geography-united-states|publisher=EBSCO|website=www.ebsco.com|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=US History, Map, Flag and Population|author=Adam Gopnik|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States|publisher=Britannica|website=United States Geography|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref> Nchi hii ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] za asili na ina sekta kubwa za [[kilimo]], [[viwanda]], na [[teknolojia]] ambazo zinachangia hadhi yake kama uchumi mkubwa zaidi duniani kwa kipimo cha [[Pato la Taifa]] (GDP) la kawaida, na kituo kikuu cha uvumbuzi, [[utamaduni]], na nguvu za kijeshi. Marekani ilianzishwa mwaka 1776 kupitia [[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani]], kufuatia mapambano ya [[ukoloni|makoloni]] kumi na tatu dhidi ya utawala wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=America Declaration of Independence|publisher=Archives|url=https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript|access-date=2026-03-16|website=www.archives.gov}}</ref> Tangu wakati huo, imepanuka kote [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] na kujitokeza kama nguvu ya [[dunia]], hasa baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia|vita vya dunia]] vya karne ya 20. Marekani ni jamhuri ya [[shirikisho]] inayozingatia [[katiba]] na [[demokrasia]] ya uwakilishi, yenye serikali inayotawaliwa na mfumo wa mizania ya madaraka kati ya matawi ya utendaji, kutunga [[sheria]], na [[mahakama]]. Ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], [[NATO]], na [[Benki ya Dunia]], na inaendelea kucheza nafasi ya uongozi katika masuala ya [[siasa|kisiasa]], [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]] duniani. Marekani ina [[Uchumi wa Marekani|uchumi mkubwa ulioendelea]] na wenye sekta mbalimbali unaoendeshwa na [[huduma]], [[Viwanda|uzalishaji viwandani]], [[fedha]], [[teknolojia]], na >[[biashara]]. <ref name="OECD_US_Snapshot">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/united-states.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: United States |website=OECD.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi hiyo ni makao ya baadhi ya mashirika makubwa zaidi duniani pamoja na [[taasisi]] za [[fedha|kifedha]], huku vituo vikuu vya kiuchumi vikijumuisha [[Jiji la New York]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Chicago]], na [[San Francisco]]. Marekani ni kiongozi wa dunia katika utafiti wa [[sayansi|kisayansi]], [[elimu ya juu]], anga za juu, burudani, na [[teknolojia]] ya kidijitali, ambapo ''Bonde la Silicon'' hutumika kama kituo kikubwa cha kimataifa cha ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] na maendeleo ya programu za kompyuta. <ref name="WFB_US_Economy">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |title=United States - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 30, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 |archive-date=2025-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250316043011/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kiutamaduni, Marekani ina sifa ya [[Marekani#Demografia|utofauti mkubwa wa kikabila, kilugha, na kidini]] uliotokana na karne nyingi za uhamiaji na mabadiliko ya idadi ya watu. <ref name="Pew_Diversity">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/demographics/ |title=Demographics and Social Trends |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kiingereza]] ndiyo lugha kuu inayotumika kitaifa kwa vitendo, na lugha rasmi katika ngazi ya [[shirikisho]]. <ref name="Britannica_US_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States/Cultural-life |author=The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica |title=United States: Cultural life |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utamaduni]] wa Marekani umeathiri sana dunia kupitia [[filamu]], [[muziki]], [[televisheni]], [[michezo]], [[fasihi]], na [[vyombo vya habari]] vya kidijitali. Nchi hiyo pia ina hifadhi nyingi za taifa, kumbukumbu za kihistoria, na taasisi za kitamaduni zilizo chini ya ulinzi wa taifa, zikionyesha utofauti wake wa mazingira na maendeleo yake ya kihistoria. <ref name="NPS_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/index.htm |title=About Us: National Park Service |website=nps.gov |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Demografia == Kufikia katikati ya mwaka 2024, idadi ya Wakazi wa Marekani imefikia takriban milioni 340, ikionyesha ongezeko la asilimia 2.6 tangu Sensa ya 2020. Mandhari ya [[Demografia|kidemografia]] ya taifa hili inazidi kuwa mchanganyiko: [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa asili ya Kihispania]] ni takriban asilimia 57.8, [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] 18.7%, [[Watu weusi|Wamarekani Weusi]] 12.1%, na Wamarekani wa asili ya Asia 5.9%. Kiwango cha uzazi kimeshuka hadi wastani wa watoto 1.6 kwa kila mwanamke, chini ya kiwango cha kuzaliana kinachohitajika, huku umri wa wastani ukiwa umeongezeka hadi takriban miaka 39.1, jambo linaloonyesha wazi mwelekeo wa kuzeeka kwa idadi ya watu. Uhamiaji unabakia kuwa kichocheo kikuu cha ukuaji: mnamo 2024, karibu asilimia 84 ya ongezeko la idadi ya watu lilitokana na wahamiaji, huku jamii za Wahispania na Waasia zikionyesha ukuaji mkubwa (asilimia 9.7% na 13%, mtawalia). === Idadi ya wakazi === {| class="wikitable" |+ Historia ya idadi ya wakazi ! Mwaka !! Idadi ya watu</br>'Milioni !! Ukuaji (%) |- | 2020 || 331.5 || 0.4% |- | 2021 || 331.9 || 0.2% |- | 2022 || 333.3 || 0.6% |- | 2023 || 334.9 || 0.8% |- | 2024 || 340.1|| 1.0% |} === Kabila/Asili=== [[File:Largest Race and Ethnicity in United States (2020).jpg|thumb| Kabila na Asili Kubwa Zaidi nchini Marekani]] [[File:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|thumb|250px|Asili ya kawaida nchini Marekani</br> {{legend|#0075ff|Marekani}} {{legend|#ff0000|Kijerumani}} {{legend|#ff7500|Meksiko}} {{legend|#007500|Kieire}} {{legend|#00ffff|Kiafrika}} {{legend|#7500ff|Kiitalia}} {{legend|#750075|Kiingereza}} {{legend|#ffff00|Kijapani}} {{legend|#d93190|Puerto Rico}}]] Kufikia mwaka 2025, [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa Kihispania]] bado ndio kundi kubwa zaidi nchini Marekani, wakichukua takriban asilimia 57.6 ya idadi ya watu. [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] ndio kundi la wachache linalokua kwa kasi zaidi, likiwakilisha takribani asilimia 19–20. [[Wamarekani weusi|Wamarekani Weusi au Waafrika Wamarekani]] wanaunda takribani asilimia 12–14 ya idadi ya watu. Wamarekani wenye asili ya Asia ni takriban watu milioni 22 (6.49%) kufikia katikati ya 2024. [[Chotara|Machotara]] pia ni kundi linaloongezeka kwa kasi, sasa wakiwa takriban asilimia 3–5 ya idadi ya watu. Makundi madogo zaidi ni pamoja na Wamarekani wa asili na Wakaazi wa Alaska (takribani asilimia 1–2) na Wenyeji wa Hawaii au Visiwa vya Pasifiki (chini ya asilimia 1). <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Ethnic composition in United States|website=www.usafacts.org|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/ |accessdate=2025-03-27|lang=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Kabila/Asili !! Asilimia |- | [[Mzungu|Wazungu]] (Wasio Wahispania) || 57.8% |- | Wahispania au Walatino || 18.9% |- | [[Wamarekani weusi|Weusi au Waafrika]] || 12.1% |- | [[Waasia]] || 6.0% |- | [[Machotara]] || 2.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Marekani/Alaska || 0.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Hawaii/Pasifiki || 0.2% |} === Lugha === Marekani ina [[mazingira]] yenye mchanganyiko mkubwa wa [[lugha]], ambapo zaidi ya [[lugha]] 350 huzungumzwa kote nchini. Takwimu za mwaka 2020 zinaonyesha kuwa asilimia 78 ya wakazi huzungumza [[Kiingereza]] pekee nyumbani, huku asilimia 22 wakitumia lugha nyingine. Kati ya kundi hili, [[Kihispania]] kinachukua asilimia 13, kikifuatwa na [[Kichina]] (1.1%), [[Kitagalog]] (0.6%), Kivietinamu (0.5%), [[Kiarabu]] (0.5%), [[Kifaransa]] (0.4%), [[Kikorea]] (0.3%) na [[Kirusi]] (0.3%). Lugha za kiasili zinabaki na sehemu ndogo chini ya 0.5%, huku Kinavajo kikiwa na wasemaji wengi zaidi. <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Lugha za Marekani|website=census.gov|url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2022/12/languages-we-speak-in-united-states.html|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> === Dini === [[File:Magen David Brooklyn.JPG|thumb|Sinagogi ya Magen David, New York]] [[Dini]] nchini Marekani inaonyesha mchanganyiko mkubwa wa imani na mwenendo wa kubadilika kwa muda. Kulingana na takwimu za hivi karibuni, asilimia 62 ya watu wazima wanajitambulisha kuwa [[Wakristo]] huku wengi wao wakiwa [[Waprotestanti]] (40%), [[Wakatoliki]] (19%), na makundi mengine ya Kikristo (3%). Asilimia 29 [[Wasio na dini|hawana uhusiano wa kidini]], kundi linalojumuisha [[Ukanamungu|wasiomwamini Mungu]] (5%), wanaotilia shaka (6%), na wasiokuwa na maelezo maalum (19%). Dini nyingine zisizo za Kikristo zinachukua asilimia 7, zikiwemo [[Wayahudi]] (2%), [[Waislamu]] (1%), [[Ubudha|Wabudha]] (1%), [[Wahindu]] (1%), na zingine ndogo zaidi. Hata hivyo, imani za kiroho zinabaki kuwa na ushawishi mpana, ambapo zaidi ya asilimia 80 ya watu wanaamini katika Mungu, roho au nguvu ya juu.<ref>{{Cite Web|title=Dini katika USA|website=pewresearch.org|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2022/09/13/how-u-s-religious-composition-has-changed-in-recent-decades/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Dini !! Asilimia |- | Ukristo || 63% |- | Wasiokuwa na dini || 29% |- | Uyahudi || 2% |- | Uislamu || 1% |- | Uhindu || 1% |- | Ubudha || 1% |- | Nyingine || 3% |} === Muundo wa Umri === Umri wa kati: miaka 38.5 (2021). {| class="wikitable" ! Kikundi cha umri !! Asilimia |- | 0–14 miaka || 18.2% |- | 15–64 miaka || 64.6% |- | 65+ miaka || 17.2% |} === Elimu === [[File:Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - panoramio.jpg|thumb|250px|Chuo cha Teknolojia cha Massachusetts]] [[Elimu]] nchini Marekani ina kiwango cha juu cha ushirikishwaji, ambapo takribani asilimia 91 ya watu wenye umri wa miaka 25 na zaidi wamekamilisha angalau [[elimu]] ya [[sekondari]], na karibu asilimia 38 wamehitimu [[elimu]] ya [[chuo kikuu]] au zaidi. Kati ya wakazi hao, asilimia 28 wana elimu ya sekondari pekee, 15 elimu ya chuo bila [[shahada]], 10 shahada ya kati (associate degree), 23 shahada ya kwanza, na 14 elimu ya juu zaidi kama shahada ya uzamili, kitaaluma au uzamivu. === Kipato na Umaskini === * Kipato cha kati kwa kaya: $70,784 (2021).<ref name=":0">{{Cite Web|title=Demografia za Marekani|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> * Kiwango cha umaskini: 11.6% (2021).<ref name=":0" /> ===Watu maarufu === * [[Abraham Lincoln]] * [[Al Capone]] * [[Barack Obama]] * [[Beyoncé Knowles]] * [[Bill Gates]] * [[Bob Dylan]] * [[Donald Trump]] * [[Elvis Presley]] * [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] * [[George Gershwin]] * [[George Washington]] * [[Henry Ford]] * [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] * [[John Kennedy]] * [[Louis Armstrong]] * [[Madonna (mwanamuziki)|Madonna]] * [[Malcolm X]] * [[Martin Luther King]] * [[Michael Jackson]] * [[Michael Jordan]] * [[Miles Davis]] * [[Oprah Winfrey]] * [[Rosa Parks]] * [[Steve Jobs]] * [[Thomas Edison]] * [[Thomas Jefferson]] * [[Walt Disney]] * [[William Edward Burghardt Du Bois]] == Jiografia == === Marekani bara === [[Picha:USATopographicalMap.jpg|right|thumb|600px|Picha kutoka angani ikionyesha majimbo 48 ya Marekani yanayopakana]] Eneo la Marekani lina ukubwa wa [[kilometa mraba]] 9,826,675 na liko hasa katika [[bara]] la Amerika Kaskazini kati ya Kanada upande wa [[kaskazini]] na Meksiko upande wa [[kusini]]. Marekani imeunganisha upana wote wa bara kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Pasifiki]], ikigawanywa kwa majimbo 48 yanayojitawala. Eneo hilo lagawiwa katikati na [[mto]] mkubwa [[Mississippi (mto)|Mississippi]] unaoanza mpakani kwa Kanada na kuishia katika [[Ghuba ya Meksiko]]. === Alaska === Jimbo la [[Alaska]] liko pia kwenye bara la Amerika Kaskazini upande wa kaskazini kutoka Kanada kuelekea [[Urusi]], lakini halipakani na jimbo lolote la Marekani. === Hawaii === [[Funguvisiwa]] la [[Hawaii]] ni jimbo la visiwani katika bahari ya Pasifiki. Ni jimbo la 50 na la mwisho mpaka sasa. === Visiwa vya ng'ambo vya Marekani === [[Maeneo ya ng'ambo ya Marekani]] ni visiwa kadhaa ambavyo ni maeneo ya Kimarekani ingawa si sehemu ya jimbo lolote. Zamani yalikuwa kama [[makoloni]] hata kama Marekani ilidai kutokuwa na [[ukoloni]]. Siku hizi maeneo haya yamepata viwango mbalimbali vya kujitawala. Kwa kawaida maeneo haya huchagua pia wawakilishi kwa ajili ya [[bunge]] la Marekani lakini wawakilishi hao si wabunge wa kawaida, bali wana haki ya kusema na kushauri tu bila [[haki ya kupiga kura]]. Visiwa muhimu kati ya hivyo ni kama ifuatavyo: * [[Puerto Rico]] ([[Karibi]]) * [[Visiwa vya Virgin vya Marekani]] (Karibi) * [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] ([[Pasifiki]]) * [[Guam]] (Pasifiki) ===Milima=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya milima ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Safu ya milima]] ya [[Rocky Mountains]] inavuka Marekani yote kutoka kaskazini hadi kusini upande wa magharibi. ===Mito=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya mito ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Mto]] mkubwa wa Marekani ni [[Mto Mississippi]]. == Historia== === Asili na Historia ya Awali === [[Picha:U.S. Territorial Acquisitions.png|thumb|Uenezi wa nchi hatua kwa hatua.]] [[Historia ya awali]] inaanza na kilele cha [[Enzi ya barafu]], watu wa [[Asia]] walipoweka kuingia [[Alaska]] kupitia nchi kavu. Baada ya hapo watu hao na [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wao hawakuwa tena na uhusiano na wale wa "[[Dunia ya zamani]]" ([[Afrika]], Asia na [[Ulaya]]) mpaka walipofikiwa na [[Wazungu]] kutoka [[Norway]] ([[karne ya 10]]) na [[Christopher Columbus]] [[mwaka]] [[1492]]. Hao wakazi wa kwanza walikuwa [[wawindaji-wakusanyaji]]; wakifuata mawindo yao walifika taratibu hadi ncha ya [[kusini]] ya [[Amerika]] ([[Tierra del Fuego]]). Polepole [[utamaduni]] wa baadhi ya [[Kabila|makabila]], ingawa kwa kuchelewa kuliko Dunia ya zamani, ulifikia hadhi ya [[ustaarabu]], kama vile ule wa [[Mississippi]]. === Enzi ya Ukoloni na Kuanzishwa kwa Taifa === [[Safari]] za [[baharia]] Christopher Columbus kuanzia mwaka 1492, zilivuta hasa [[Hispania]], [[Ureno]] na halafu [[Uingereza]], [[Ufaransa]] na [[Uholanzi]] kujianzishia [[Koloni|makoloni]] ili kunyonya [[maliasili]] nyingi za "[[Dunia mpya]]". Kwa namna hiyo, [[mazingira]] ya Amerika yalibadilika kabisa mpaka zikatokea aina mpya za utamaduni na hatimaye [[Taifa|mataifa]] mapya, hasa kutokana na mchanganyiko ya wenyeji ([[Waindio]]) na [[walowezi]] kutoka Ulaya, halafu pia [[watumwa]] kutoka [[Afrika]]. Marekani ilianza kama muunganiko wa [[Koloni|makoloni]] ya [[Uingereza]] kwenye [[pwani]] ya [[mashariki]] ya [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] tangu [[karne ya 17]]. Walowezi kutoka [[Uingereza]] walijipatia ardhi wakipigana na wenyeji Waindio. === Upanuzi wa Karne ya 19 na Vita vya Wenyewe kwa Wenyewe === Tangu [[karne ya 19]] wahamiaji walifika pia kutoka [[Asia]], hasa [[China]] na [[Japani]]. Katika vita dhidi ya [[Hispania]] na [[Meksiko]], Marekani ilipanua eneo lake kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe ya Marekani]] ilipigwa kuanzia [[1861]] hadi [[1865]] kati ya majimbo ya kusini na majimbo ya kaskazini nchini Marekani. Sababu mojawapo muhimu ya vita ilikuwa [[suala]] la [[utumwa]]. Majimbo ya kaskazini yaliwahi kupiga utumwa [[marufuku]] lakini majimbo ya kusini yaliendelea na [[sheria]] zilizoruhusu utumwa na [[Utajiri|matajiri]] wengi wa kusini walitegemea [[kazi]] ya watumwa hao. Mafarakano yalianza kuhusu swali kama madola mapya yaliyoanzishwa katika Amerika Kaskazini na kujiunga na Muungano yangeruhusiwa kukubali utumwa au la. Mwaka 1861 madola ya kusini-mashariki yalitangaza kujiondoa katika Muungano na kuanzisha "[[Shirikisho la Madola ya Marekani|Shirikisho la Madola ya Amerika]]". Vita vilianza na kudumu miaka minne na watu 650.000 walikufa, lakini mwishoni kaskazini ilishinda. Utumwa ulipigwa marufuku na watumwa walipewa [[haki]] za kiraia. Lakini watumwa wengi av awali waliendelea kuwa [[maskini]] na baada ya muda, sheria mpya katika majimbo ya kusini zilinyima haki nyingi za kiraia za [[Wamarekani weusi]] waliopaswa kuishi chini mfumo av [[ubaguzi wa rangi]]. [[File:New100front.jpg|right|thumb|[[Noti ya benki|Noti]] ya [[Dolar ya Marekani|Dola]] 100.]] Katika miongo iliyofuata, Marekani ilitwaa maeneo yaliyowahi kubaki chini ya [[mamlaka]] ya Waindio na kuyafanya maeneo yake. Katika [[Vita vya Marekani dhidi ya Hispania]] kwenye mwaka [[1898]] ilijipatia utawala juu ya [[Ufilipino]] na [[Puerto Rico]], makoloni ya awali ya [[Uhispania|Hispania]], na kuwa yenyewe nchi iliyotawala makoloni. === Wimbi la Uhamiaji na Sera za Kimataifa === Wahamiaji kwa [[milioni|mamilioni]] waliendelea kufika hasa kutoka Ulaya. Kabla ya mwaka [[1880]] idadi kubwa walitoka [[Ujerumani]], [[Eire]], Uingereza na [[Uskoti]], pamoja na [[Wachina]] waliotafuta kazi hasa [[California|Kalifornia]]. Baada ya mwaka 1880 hadi [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia|Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza vya Dunia]] ([[1914]]-[[1918]]) wengi walifika kutoka [[Ulaya ya Kusini]] na [[Ulaya ya Mashariki|ya Mashariki]], hasa [[Italia|Waitalia]], [[Wayahudi]] kutoka [[Milki ya Urusi]], [[Polandi|Wapolandi]] na wenyeji av nchi nyingine za [[Waslavi|Kislavi]]. Wahamiaji hao walileta pia [[Utamaduni|tamaduni]] zao na kukubali [[mshahara|mishahara]] midogo kuliko wenyeji waliowahi kufika mapema; hali hiyo ilileta mara kadhaa sheria zilizolenga kuweka mipaka; sheria ya mwaka [[1882]] ilikataa kufika kwa Wachina, sheria ya mwaka [[1922]] ililenga kupunguza [[idadi]] ya Waitalia, Wayahudi na watu av Ulaya ya Mashariki kwa kutaja mipaka kwa kila nchi ya [[asili]]<ref>[https://www.nps.gov/articles/closing-the-door-on-immigration.htm Closing the door on immigration], tovuti ya national Park service, Marekani, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2020</ref>. Katika [[siasa]] ya nje, Marekani iliwahi kutangaza tangu mwaka [[1823]] kwamba ilitazama [[Amerika]] yote kama eneo ambalo haikubali kuingiliwa na nchi za Ulaya; wakati ule makoloni mengi ya Amerika ya Kusini yalikuwa yakifaulu kupata uhuru kutoka Hispania, na Marekani ilitaka kusisitiza isingekubali kuingia kwa mataifa mengine ya Ulaya. Katika miongo iliyofuata [[uchumi]] av Marekani uliimarika pamoja na kukua kwa sekta ya [[Kiwanda|viwanda]] na [[wafanyabiashara]] wa Marekani walipanua [[biashara]] yao kimataifa; mnamo [[1854]] [[manowari]] za Marekani ziliilazimisha [[Japani]] kukubali kufunguliwa kwa [[ubalozi]] na kupokea wafanyabiashara. [[Meli]] za wafanyabiashara wa Marekani zilifika kote [[dunia|duniani]], tangu [[miaka ya 1830]] hadi [[Zanzibar]] ambako ubalozi mdogo ulifunguliwa mwaka [[1837]]<ref>Gilbert, Wesley. Our Man in Zanzibar: Richard Waters, American Consul (1837-1845), tasnifu 2011 kwenye Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/781d/d2e2510187a4c65055915b6a323a18c7419e.pdf online hapa] </ref>. Wakati wa vita dhidi ya Hispania Marekani ilihakikisha pia nafasi yake katika biashara ya [[China]] dhidi ya mipango ya mataifa ya Ulaya ya kuigawa nchi hiyo. === Karne ya 20: Vita Vikuu na Mdororo Mkuu === Mwaka [[1917]] Marekani iliingia katika Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza upande wa Uingereza na [[Ufaransa]]; baada ya vita [[rais]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] alishawishi [[Taifa|mataifa]] mengine kuanzisha [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] lakini [[bunge]] lilizuia kuingia kwa Marekani katika [[umoja]] huo. [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa mwaka [[1929]] ulileta matatizo makubwa kwa uchumi na hata [[njaa]] kwa [[raia]] wengi lakini ulileta pia siasa mpya ya "New Deal" chini ya rais [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] ambako kwa mara ya kwanza programu za kisiasa zilitumia [[Pato la taifa|mapato]] ya [[serikali]] kwa shabaha ya kusaidia idadi kubwa ya wananchi waliokuwa bila kazi, bila [[nyumba]] na bila [[kipato]]; [[Ujana|vijana]] kwa mamilioni waliajiriwa na serikali kwa kazi ya kujenga [[miundombinu]] ([[barabara]], [[Mfereji|mifereji]]) na kuboresha [[hifadhi za taifa]]. Mwaka [[1941]] Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia]] baada ya kushambuliwa na Japani na kupokea tangazo la vita kutoka Ujerumani. Uwezo wa kiuchumi av Marekani ulileta [[ushindi]] wa [[mataifa ya ushirikiano]]. Uwezo wake wa [[Sayansi|kisayansi]] ulipanuliwa na [[wanasayansi]] kama [[Albert Einstein]] waliopaswa kukimbia [[udikteta]] wa [[Adolf Hitler]] katika Ujerumani na kuiwezesha kutengeneza [[Mabomu ya nyuklia|mabomu ya kwanza ya nyuklia]] yaliyotumika mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1945]] kuteketeza [[Hiroshima]] na [[Nagasaki]]. === Vita Baridi na Mapambano ya Haki za Kiraia === Katika miongo ya [[vita baridi]] iliyofuata, Marekani ilikuwa taifa la kuongoza nchi zenye [[demokrasia]] na pia zile ambazo zilisimama upande wa [[ubepari]] tu bila demokrasia dhidi ya nchi za [[Ukomunisti|kikomunisti]] zilizoongozwa na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]. Mwanzo wa [[miaka ya 1960]] ilishindana na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] katika [[mbio]] wa kuingia katika [[anga-nje]] ikafaulu kupeleka watu wa kwanza hadi [[Mwezi]] mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1969]]. Kutokana na ushindani na nchi za ukomunisti Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita ya Vietnam]] hadi kushindwa mwaka [[1975]]. Vilevile miaka ya 1960 ilikuwa kipindi cha mapambano kwa ajili ya haki za Wamarekani weusi, [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wa watumwa wa awali hasa kusini mwa Marekani. Sheria zilizotenganisha watu pamoja na matumizi ya [[shule]], [[Chuo|vyuo]], [[jengo|majengo]] na [[taasisi]] za [[burudani]] kulingana na [[rangi]] ya [[ngozi]], zilizozuia [[ndoa]] kati ya watu wa rangi tofauti na kuzuia watu maskini wasitumie haki za kiraia zilipigwa marufuku bila kuondoa tofauti katika uwezo wa kiuchumi kati ya [[kundi|makundi]] katika jamii. [[Mapinduzi]] ya [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] ya [[kompyuta]] na [[intaneti]] yalienea Marekani haraka kushinda sehemu nyingine za Dunia. == Uchumi== [[File:View of Empire State Building from Rockefeller Center New York City dllu (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Manhattan]], [[New York]]]] [[Uchumi]] wa Marekani ndiyo mkubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], ukiwa na sifa ya utofauti wake, ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]], na kiwango cha juu cha uzalishaji. Unafanya kazi hasa kama [[uchumi]] wa soko mchanganyiko, ambapo sekta binafsi ina nafasi kubwa sambamba na udhibiti na uingiliaji wa [[serikali]]. Sekta kuu ni pamoja na [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[fedha]], [[afya]], na [[teknolojia]], huku sekta ya huduma ikichangia sehemu kubwa zaidi ya [[plt|pato la kiuchumi]]. Marekani pia ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] asilia, unaochangia maendeleo ya sekta za [[nishati]], [[kilimo]], na uchimbaji madini. Sifa kuu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani ni uongozi wake katika ubunifu na biashara ya kimataifa. Nchi hii ni makazi ya baadhi ya makampuni makubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], hasa katika maeneo kama ''Silicon Valley''. Uwekezaji mkubwa katika utafiti na maendeleo, pamoja na mfumo imara wa elimu ya juu, umewezesha maendeleo katika nyanja kama teknolojia ya taarifa, bioteknolojia, na anga na usafiri wa anga. Aidha, [[dola ya Marekani]] hutumika kama sarafu kuu ya akiba duniani, jambo linaloipa nchi nafasi ya kipekee katika fedha na biashara ya kimataifa. [[Biashara]] ya kimataifa ni sehemu muhimu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani, ikiwa na washirika wakubwa kama [[Kanada]], [[Meksiko]], [[China]], na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. Nchi hii husafirisha bidhaa kama [[mashine]], [[ndege]], na mazao ya kilimo, huku ikiagiza bidhaa za matumizi, vifaa vya kielektroniki, na malighafi. Zaidi ya hayo, Marekani ina mfumo uliokua sana wa [[fedha|kifedha]] na masoko ya mitaji unaoathiri [[uchumi]] wa dunia. Licha ya nguvu zake, [[uchumi]] huu unakabiliwa na changamoto kama pengo la kipato, deni la umma, na mabadiliko ya kiuchumi, lakini bado unasalia kuwa miongoni mwa uchumi wenye ushawishi mkubwa na wenye nguvu zaidi duniani. == Siasa == [[File:White House 02.jpg|thumb|White house, Washington DC]] Siasa nchini Marekani hufanya kazi chini ya mfumo wa [[serikali ya kiraisi|jamhuri ya kikatiba ya urais ya shirikisho]], ambapo mamlaka hugawanywa kati ya serikali kuu ya kitaifa na majimbo binafsi. <ref name="USA_Gov_Branches">{{cite web |url=https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government |title=Branches of the U.S. Government |website=USA.gov |publisher=Official Guide to Government Information and Services |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Rais hutumika kama mkuu wa nchi na mkuu wa serikali na huchaguliwa kupitia mfumo wa Baraza la Wateule badala ya kura ya moja kwa moja ya kitaifa ya wananchi. <ref name="CFR_ElectoralCollege">{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-electoral-college-works-united-states |author=Lindsay Maizland |title=How the Electoral College Works in the United States |website=CFR.org |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |date=October 31, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa umejengwa juu ya mgawanyo wa mamlaka kati ya mihimili mitatu: utendaji, utungaji sheria, na mahakama, ambapo kila mmoja una majukumu ya kikatiba pamoja na mfumo wa kuzuiana na kusawazishana mamlaka ili kuzuia mkusanyiko wa madaraka. <ref name="Britannica_US_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/government-of-the-United-States |title=Government of the United States |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Tawi ya kutunga sheria ni Bunge la Marekani, ambalo lina mabunge mawili: [[Bunge la taifa|Baraza la Wawakilishi]] na [[Seneti]]. Baraza la Wawakilishi linawakilisha maeneo ya uchaguzi kulingana na idadi ya watu, huku Seneti ikitoa uwakilishi sawa kwa kila jimbo kwa maseneta wawili kwa kila jimbo. <ref name="Senate_Gov_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/origins-foundations/senate-and-constitution/constitution.htm |title=The Senate and the Constitution |website=Senate.gov |publisher=United States Senate |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Bunge lina jukumu la kutunga sheria za shirikisho, kupitisha [[bajeti]], kutangaza vita, na kusimamia mhimili wa utendaji. Mhimili wa mahakama unaongozwa na Mahakama ya Juu, ambayo hutafsiri Katiba na kuchunguza uhalali wa sheria pamoja na vitendo vya serikali. <ref name="US_Courts_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/about |title=About the Supreme Court |website=USCourts.gov |publisher=Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa nchini humo unatawaliwa zaidi na mfumo wa vyama viwili, hasa Chama cha ''Democratic'' na Chama cha ''Republican''. Vyama hivi hushindana katika uchaguzi wa [[shirikisho]], majimbo, na serikali za mitaa, ingawa pia kuna vyama vingine vidogo. <ref name="LibraryOfCongress_Parties">{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/elections/political-parties/ |title=Political Parties - Elections |website=loc.gov |publisher=Library of Congress |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Uchaguzi hufanyika mara kwa mara, ukiwemo uchaguzi wa urais kila baada ya miaka minne na uchaguzi wa bunge kila baada ya miaka miwili kwa Baraza la Wawakilishi pamoja na mihula ya miaka sita inayobadilishana kwa Seneti. Kampeni za kisiasa huathiriwa sana na uchangishaji [[fedha]], [[vyombo vya habari]], maoni ya umma, na sheria za uchaguzi za majimbo. <ref name="FEC_Campaigns">{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/introduction-campaign-finance/ |title=Introduction to campaign finance |website=fec.gov |publisher=Federal Election Commission |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Masuala makuu ya kisiasa nchini Marekani yanajumuisha [[Marekani#Uchumi|uchumi]], huduma za afya, uhamiaji, sera za kigeni, udhibiti wa [[silaha]], mabadiliko ya [[tabianchi]], na usawa wa kijamii. <ref name="Pew_Research_Issues">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/02/29/americans-top-policy-priorities-for-2024/ |title=Americans’ Top Policy Priorities for 2024 |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=February 29, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mgawanyiko wa kisiasa kati ya vyama vikuu umeongezeka katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, na kusababisha tofauti kubwa za kiitikadi kuhusu sera mbalimbali. Licha ya hali hiyo, Marekani inaendelea kudumisha mfumo thabiti wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wenye uchaguzi wa mara kwa mara, taasisi huru, na ushiriki mkubwa wa raia kupitia kupiga kura, mijadala ya umma, na mapitio ya kimahakama. <ref name="FreedomHouse_US">{{cite web |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/united-states/freedom-world/2024 |title=Freedom in the World 2024: United States |website=Freedom House |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya majimbo ya Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya Marais wa Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya chaguzi za Rais wa Marekani]] * [[Peace Corps]] * [[Jamii:Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Uchumi wa Marekani]] ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} == Bibliografia == {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |title=Regulating Wall Street: The Dodd-Frank Act and the New Architecture of Global Finance |ref=Acharya10 |first1=Viral V. |last1=Acharya |first2=Thomas F. |last2=Cooley |first3=Matthew P. |last3=Richardson |first4=Ingo |last4=Walter |page=592 |publisher=Wiley |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-470-76877-8}} * {{cite journal |last1=Barth |first1=James |first2=John |last2=Jahera |title=US Enacts Sweeping Financial Reform Legislation |ref=Barth10 |journal=Journal of Financial Economic Policy |volume=2 |issue=3 |year=2010 |pages=192–195 }} * {{cite book |last=Berkin |first=Carol |last2=Miller |first2=Christopher L. |last3=Cherny |first3=Robert W. |last4=Gormly |first4=James L. |title=Making America: A History of the United States, Volume I: To 1877 |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2007 |ref=Berkin |page=75}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/Making_America_Volume_1_To_1877_A_Histor.html?id=cyEI21RClZkC Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Bianchine |first1=Peter J. |journal=Allergy and Asthma Proceedings|last2=Russo |first2=Thomas A. |year=1992 |title=The Role of Epidemic Infectious Diseases in the Discovery of America |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=225–232 |ref=Bianchine |publisher=OceanSide Publications, Inc. |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ocean/aap/1992/00000013/00000005/art00002 |accessdate=September 9, 2012 }} * {{cite book |author1=Boyer, Paul S. |author2=Clark, Clifford E. Jr. |author3=Kett, Joseph F. |last4=Salisbury|first4=Neal|last5=Sitkoff|first5= Harvard|last6=Woloch|first6=Nancy |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People |ref=Boyer |year=2007|publisher=Cengage Learning |page=588 |isbn=978-0-618-80161-9}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=9KT3lI76-0cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Clingan |first=Edmund |title=An Introduction to Modern Western Civilization |ref=Clingan |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=978-1-4620-5439-8}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=FS3TnrLu7y8C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first=Colin G. |last=Calloway |title=New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press|JHU Press]] |ref=Calloway1998 |page=229 |isbn=978-0-8018-5959-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=edYbAZ7ECEoC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Davis |first=Kenneth C. |title=Don't know much about the Civil War |url=https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1 |ref=Davis96 |publisher=William Marrow and Co. |location=New York |year=1996 |isbn=0-688-11814-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1/page/518 518] }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Dphzw2cbaoQC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Daynes |first=Byron W. |last2=Sussman |first2=Glen |title=White House Politics and the Environment: Franklin D. Roosevelt to George W. Bush |url=https://archive.org/details/whitehousepoliti0000dayn |ref=Daynes |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]] |year=2010 |page=320 |isbn=978-1-60344-254-1 |quote=Presidential environmental policies, 1933–2009 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=HIOQ1FYHtcYC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first= Sylvan G. |last=Feldstein |first2=Frank J., CFA |last2=Fabozzi |title=The Handbook of Municipal Bonds |ref=Feldstein |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]], January 13, 2011 |page=1376 |isbn=978-1-118-04494-0}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Juc4fb1Fx1cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Gold |first=Susan Dudley |title=United States V. Amistad: Slave Ship Mutiny |url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold |ref=Gold2006 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold/page/144 144] |isbn=978-0-7614-2143-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=mbV6kPGO4OAC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Ferguson |first1=Thomas |last2=Rogers |first2=Joel |ref=Ferguson |year=1986 |title=The Myth of America's Turn to the Right |journal=[[The Atlantic]] |volume=257 |issue=5 |pages=43–53 |url=http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |accessdate=March 11, 2013 |archive-date=2015-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104235329/http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |dead-url=yes }} * {{cite book |last=Fraser |first=Steve |first2=Gary |last2=Gerstle |ref=Fraser |title=The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order: 1930–1980 |series=American History: Political science |url=http://books.google.com/?id=yd4GqkP5XYgC&lpg=PA229 |year=1989 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-00607-9 |page=311 }} * {{cite book |last=Gordon |first=John Steele |ref=Gordon |title=An Empire of Wealth: The Epic History of American Economic Power |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofwealthth00gord |year=2004 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/An_Empire_of_Wealth.html?id=rmsUs_KDgHAC Book] * {{cite book |last=Graebner |first=Norman A. |last2=Burns |first2=Richard Dean |last3=Siracusa |first3=Joseph M. |ref=Burns2008 |title=Reagan, Bush, Gorbachev: Revisiting the End of the Cold War |url=http://books.google.com/?id=r71u_AgE7iYC&lpg=PA142 |year=2008 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |series=Praeger Security International Series |isbn=978-0-313-35241-6 |page=180 }} * {{cite book |last=Hughes |first=David |title=The British Chronicles |volume=1 |page=347 |year=2007 |publisher=Heritage Books |location=[[Westminster, Maryland|Westminster]], [[Maryland]]}} * {{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Lawrence R. |title=Health Care Reform and American Politics: What Everyone Needs to Know: What Everyone Needs to Know |url=https://archive.org/details/healthcarereform0000jaco |ref=Jacobs10 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-978142-3 }} * {{cite book |last=Johnson |first=Paul |ref=Johnson |title=A History of the American People |year=1997 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=26–30}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/A_History_of_the_American_People.html?id=RXSVQjz1_tMC eBook version] * {{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Native American Wars and Warfare |series=[[Infobase Publishing|Facts on File]] library of American History |last=Kessel |first=William B. |last2=Wooster |first2=Robert |authorlink= |year=2005 |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-8160-3337-9 |page=398|ref=Kessel}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=laxSyAp89G4C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{Rejea kitabu |last= Kolko |first= Gabriel |authorlink= Gabriel Kolko |year= 1988 |title= Confronting the Third World: United States Foreign Policy, 1945–1980 |url= https://archive.org/details/confrontingthird0000kolk |location= New York, NY |publisher= [[Pantheo n Books|Pantheon]] |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Leckie |first=Robert | authorlink = Robert Leckie (author)|title=None died in vain: The Saga of the American Civil War |ref=Leckie |publisher=Harper-Collins |location=New York |year=1990 |page=[https://archive.org/details/nonediedinvainsa00leck/page/682 682] |isbn=0-06-016280-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=gvIeAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last= Leffler |first= Melvyn P. |authorlink= Melvyn P. Leffler |year= 2010 |chapter= The emergence of an American grand strategy, 1945–1952 |title= ''In Melvyn P. Leffler and [[Odd Arne Westad]], eds.,''The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1: Origins ''(pp.&nbsp;67–89)'' |location= Cambridge |publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn= 978-0-521-83719-4 |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Lemon |first=James T. |editor=Robert D. Mitchell |editor2=Paul A. Groves |title=North America: the historical geography of a changing continent |chapter=Colonial America in the 18th Century |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=1987 |ref=Lemon}}, [http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf PDF] {{Wayback|url=http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf |date=20130123135724 }} * {{cite book |last=Lien, Ph.D. |first=Arnold Johnson |title=Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law, Volume 54 |ref=Lien |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co., Agents, London; [[Columbia University]], New York |year=1913 |page=604 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=UYpVAAAAYAAJ }} * {{cite book |author=Karen Woods Weierman|title=One Nation, One Blood: Interracial Marriage In American Fiction, Scandal, And Law, 1820–1870 |url=https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie|year=2005|publisher=[[University of Massachusetts Press]]|isbn=978-1-55849-483-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie/page/214 214]}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=24mIQuLBuN8C&pg=PA44 Book] * Website sources{{cite book |last=Levenstein |first=Harvey |title=Revolution at the Table: The Transformation of the American Diet |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutionattabl0000leve_d6o6 |ref=Levenstein |publisher=University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles |year=2003 |isbn=0-520-23439-1 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Mann |first1=Kaarin |year=2007 |ref=Mann |title=Interracial Marriage In Early America: Motivation and the Colonial Project |journal=Michigan Journal of History |issue=Fall |publisher=University of Michigan |url=http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515063053/http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archivedate=2013-05-15 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2015-02-09 }} * {{cite book |last=Price |first=David A. |ref=Price |title=Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Start of a New Nation |url=https://archive.org/details/lovehateinjamest00pric |publisher=Random House |year=2003}} [http://books.google.com/books?id=_EFbS_7fFcYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false eBook version] * {{cite book |last=Quirk |first=Joel |title=The Anti-Slavery Project: From the Slave Trade to Human Trafficking |url=https://archive.org/details/antislaveryproje0000quir |ref=Quirk |year=2011 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-4333-8 |page=344 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=qqxK4KlqKYMC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Ranlet |first=Philip |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |ref=Ranlet |publisher=North Eastern University Press |editor=Alden T. Vaughan |pages= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Rausch |first=David A. |title=Native American Voices |url=https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus |ref=Rausch |publisher=Baker Books, Grand Rapids |page=[https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus/page/n180 180] |year=1994 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=iyZMeGMgIgEC&vq=triangle&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Remini |first=Robert V. |title=The House: The History of the House of Representatives |url=https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi |ref=Remini |year=2007 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=[https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi/page/2 2]–3 }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_House.html?id=CAM6J6IoQFQC Book] * {{cite book |last=Ripper |first=Jason |title=American Stories: To 1877 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp |year=2008 |ref=Ripper2008 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp/page/n317 299] |isbn=978-0-7656-2903-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=vX-fYvoAeHwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Russell |first=John Henderson |title=The Free Negro in Virginia, 1619–1865 |ref=Russell1913 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University |year=1913 |page=196}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=G7AJAAAAIAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s E'Book] * {{cite book |last=Schneider |first= Dorothy |last2= Schneider |first2= Carl J. |title=Slavery in America |ref=Schneider |publisher=Infobase Publishing |year=2007 |page=554 |isbn=978-1-4381-0813-1}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=QlemwRTsY20C&vq=census&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Schultz |first=David Andrew |title=Encyclopedia of the United States Constitution |ref=Schultz |year=2009 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |page=904 |isbn=978-1-4381-2677-7}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=f7m713xwK58C&vq=twenty+seven+times&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Simonson |first=Peter |title=Refiguring Mass Communication: A History |url=https://archive.org/details/refiguringmassco0000simo |ref=Simonson |year=2010 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |quote=He held high the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the nation's unofficial motto, ''e pluribus unum'', even as he was recoiling from the party system in which he had long participated. |location=Urbana |isbn=978-0-252-07705-0 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=N6lrAmPlbvIC&pg=PA79&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false Book] * {{cite book |last=Smith |first= Andrew F. |year=2004 |title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America'' |ref=Smith2004 |publisher=New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 131–32. ISBN 0-19-515437-1}} * {{cite book |last=Soss |first=Joe |editor-last=Hacker |editor-first=Jacob S. |editor2-last=Mettler |editor2-first=Suzanne |ref=Soss |title=Remaking America: Democracy and Public Policy in an Age of Inequality |year=2010 |publisher=Russell Sage Foundation |isbn=978-1-61044-694-5 |pages=}}, [http://books.google.com/?id=JttyjBoyb3AC&lpg=PA12 Book] * {{cite book |ref=Tadman |last=Tadman |first=Michael |title=The Demographic Cost of Sugar: Debates on Slave Societies and Natural Increase in the Americas |journal=American Historical Review |volume=105 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |issue=5}}, [http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2652029?uid=3739560&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&purchase-type=article&accessType=RR&sid=21102125115943&showMyJstorPss=false&seq=1&showAccess=true Article] * {{cite book |ref=Taylor |last=Taylor |first=Alan |title=American Colonies: The Settling of North America |publisher=Penguin Books, New York |editor=Eric Foner |year=2002 |isbn=0-670-87282-2}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=NPoAQRgkrOcC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Thornton |first=Russell |title=American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0 |series=Volume 186 of Civilization of the American Indian Series |year=1987 |ref=Thornton |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-2220-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0/page/49 49] }}, [http://books.google.com/?id=9iQYSQ9y60MC&lpg=PA49 Book] * {{cite book|last=Tooze|first=Adam|authorlink=Adam Tooze|year=2006|title=[[The Wages of Destruction|The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy]]|location=London|publisher=Allen Lane|isbn=978-0-7139-9566-4|ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Vaughan |first=Alden T. |ref=Vaughan |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |publisher=North Eastern University Press |page= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Walton |first=Gary M. |last2=Rockoff |first2=Hugh |title=History of the American Economy |year=2009 |ref=Walton |publisher=Cengage Learning}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/History_of_the_American_Economy_With_Acc.html?id=lyhI1q_E4G0C Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Daniel K. |year=2012 |ref=Williams |title=Questioning Conservatism's Ascendancy: A Reexamination of the Rightward Shift in Modern American Politics; {Reviews in American History} |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=325–331 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press }} * {{cite book | author=Winchester, Simon |title=The men who United the States |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602| year=2013|publisher=Harper Collins | isbn=978-0-06-207960-2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602/page/198 198], 216, 251, 253 }} * {{cite book |last=Zinn |first=Howard |authorlink=Howard Zinn |title=[[A People's History of the United States]] |ref=Zinn |year=2005 |publisher=[[Harper Perennial|Harper Perennial Modern Classics]]|location= |isbn=0-06-083865-5 |pages=321–357}} {{refend}} * {{CIA World Factbook link|us|United States}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-16761057 United States], from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=US Key Development Forecasts for the United States] from [[International Futures]] ;Serikali * [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to government sites * [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives * [http://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate * [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States ;Historia * [http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical Documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research * [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }} Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance * [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data ;Ramani * [http://nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] {{Wayback|url=http://nationalatlas.gov/ |date=20060720093336 }} Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior * {{wikiatlas|the United States}} * [http://www.measureofamerica.org/maps/ Measure of America] A variety of mapped information relating to health, education, income, and demographics for the U.S. ;Vingine * {{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1217752.stm |title=''Country Profile: United States of America'' |ref=BBC18may |work=BBC News |location =London |date=April 22, 2008 |accessdate=May 18, 2008}} * {{cite web |author=Cohen, Eliot A. |ref=Cohen |location=Washington D.C. |url= http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59919/eliot-a-cohen/history-and-the-hyperpower |title=''History and the Hyperpower'' |work=Foreign Affairs |date=July–August 2004 |accessdate=July 14, 2006}} * {{cite web |title=Slavery and the Slave Trade in Rhode Island |ref=Brown |url=http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library/jcbexhibit/Pages/exhibSlavery.html}} * {{cite web |url= http://www.treasury.gov/about/education/Pages/in-god-we-trust.aspx |title=History of "In God We Trust" |ref=God |publisher=U.S. Department of the Treasury |date=March 8, 2011 |accessdate=February 23, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |title=''Early History, Native Americans, and Early Settlers in Mercer County'' |year=427 |ref=Mercer |publisher=Mercer County Historical Society |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625185429/http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |archivedate=2012-06-25 |accessdate=2015-02-09 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=2MjxPJ9W4gwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite news |title=Looking back 20 years: Who deserves credit for ending the Cold War? |author=Nick Hayes |ref=Hayes |url=http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2009/11/looking-back-20-years-who-deserves-credit-ending-cold-war |newspaper=MinnPost |date=November 6, 2009 |accessdate=March 11, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.ushistory.org/us/59e.asp |title=59e. The End of the Cold War |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |work=U.S. History.org |ref=ushistory13|publisher=Independence Hall Association |accessdate=March 10, 2013}} * {{cite book |last=Levy |first=Peter B. |ref=Levy1996 |title=Encyclopedia of the Reagan-Bush Years |url=http://books.google.com/?id=7veohk0fkLYC&lpg=PA88 |year=1996 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn= 978-0-313-29018-3 |page=442}} * {{cite journal |last1=Wallander |first1=Celeste A. |year=2003 |ref=Wallander2003 |title=Western Policy and the Demise of the Soviet Union |journal=[[Journal of Cold War Studies]] |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=137–177 |publisher=[[President and Fellows of Harvard College]] and the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] }} {{refend}} {{Marekani}} {{Amerika Kaskazini}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Amerika ya Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Marekani| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G7]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G8]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G20]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 527co7pjnfhq3o9cgw5wgy7ppm3c935 1543864 1543860 2026-05-15T18:18:46Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ 1543864 wikitext text/x-wiki <i>{{about|nchi|bara|Amerika}}</i> {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_rasmi=Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika |jina_asili=''United States of America'' ([[Kiingereza]]) |bendera=Flag_of_the_United_States_(DoS_ECA_Color_Standard).svg |nembo=Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg |kaulimbiu="In God We Trust" |wimbo="[[Star spangled banner|The Star-Spangled Banner]]"<br>[[File:Star_Spangled_Banner_instrumental.ogg]] |ramani=USA orthographic.svg|mji_mkubwa=[[New York]] |mji_mkuu=[[Washington, D.C.]] |majiranukta1={{majiranukta|38|53|N|77|1|W|type:city}} |majiranukta2={{majiranukta|40|43|N|74|0|W|type:city}} |lugha_rasmi= [[Kiingereza]] |lugha_taifa=[[Kiingereza]] |serikali=[[Jamhuri ya shirikisho]] |muundo_uhuru='''Uhuru''' kutoka [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] |eneo_jumla=9 833 520<ref name="worldfactbook">{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=United States}}</ref> |cheo_eneo=3 |maji=7.0<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/how-wet-your-state-water-area-each-state |title=The Water Area of Each State |date=8 Juni 2018}}</ref> |ardhi=9 147 593<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |watu_kadirio=335 893 238<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/01/census-bureau-projects-us-and-world-populations-new-years-day|title=Census Bureau Projects U.S. and World Populations on New Year’s Day|date=3 Januari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_kadirio=2024 |pato={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/weo-report?c=111,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2029&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024 Edition. (United States) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=www.imf.org |date=22 Oktoba 2024 |access-date=12 Februari 2024}}</ref> |mwaka_pato=2024 |pato_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp={{ongezeko}} USD trilioni 29.168<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |pato_ppp_kwa_mtu={{ongezeko}} USD 86 601<ref name="IMFWEO.US"/> |mwaka_maendeleo=2023 |maendeleo={{ongezeko}} 0.938<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|language=en|publisher=[[Mradi wa Maendeleo wa Umoja wa Mataifa]]|date=13 Machi 2024|access-date=22 Machi 2023|archive-date=19 Machi 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319085123/https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2023-24_HDR/HDR23-24_Statistical_Annex_HDI_Table.xlsx}}</ref> - {{juu sana}} |fedha=[[Dola ya Marekani]] |majira_saa=−4 hadi −12, +10, +11 |udereva=Kulia |msimbo_simu=1 |tovuti=https://www.usa.gov |tukio1=[[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani|Tangazo]] |tukio2=Muungano |tukio3=Kutambuliwa |tukio4=Katiba |tukio1_tarehe=4 Julai 1776 |tukio2_tarehe=1 Machi 1781 |tukio3_tarehe=3 Septemba 1783 |tukio4_tarehe=21 Juni 1788 |kiongozi1=[[Donald Trump]]|kiongozi2=[[JD Vance]]|cheo_kiongozi1=[[Rais wa Marekani|Rais]]|cheo_kiongozi2=Naibu Rais |gini={{PungukoChanya}} 41.3<ref name="worldfactbook"/> |mwaka_gini=2022 |msongamano=33.6}} '''Marekani''', rasmi '''Muungano wa Madola ya Amerika''' (Kiingereza: ''United States of America'', kifupi: ''USA'') ni [[nchi]] iliyomo [[Amerika Kaskazini]], na inapakana na [[Kanada]] upande wa [[kaskazini]] na [[Meksiko]] upande wa [[kusini]]. Inajumuisha [[jimbo|majimbo]] 50, [[Washington, D.C.|wilaya ya shirikisho]], na maeneo ya nje. [[California]] na [[Texas]] ndiyo majimbo yaliyokuwa na watu wengi zaidi. Marekani ina takriban watu milioni 340 na kuwa nchi ya tatu [[dunia|duniani]] kuwa na watu wengi sana. Aidha, ni [[nchi]] ya tatu kwa ukubwa [[dunia|duniani]], ikiwa na [[eneo]] la takriban kilomita za mraba milioni 9.8, ikienea kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]].[[Mji mkuu]] wa Marekani ni [[Washington DC]]. [[Los Angeles]], [[New York]] na [[Chicago]] ndio [[mji|miji]] mikubwa Marekani ina [[jiografia]] na hali ya hewa tofauti, ikianzia kwenye tundra ya [[Aktiki]] huko [[Alaska]] hadi fukwe za kitropiki huko [[Florida]] na [[Hawaii]]. Mandhari yake inajumuisha safu kuu za milima kama ''Rockies'' na ''Appalachians'', nyanda pana, na mito mikubwa kama [[Mississippi]] na [[Missouri (mto)]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Geography and Cartography of United States|url=https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/geography-and-cartography/geography-united-states|publisher=EBSCO|website=www.ebsco.com|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=US History, Map, Flag and Population|author=Adam Gopnik|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States|publisher=Britannica|website=United States Geography|access-date=2026-04-07}}</ref> Nchi hii ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] za asili na ina sekta kubwa za [[kilimo]], [[viwanda]], na [[teknolojia]] ambazo zinachangia hadhi yake kama uchumi mkubwa zaidi duniani kwa kipimo cha [[Pato la Taifa]] (GDP) la kawaida, na kituo kikuu cha uvumbuzi, [[utamaduni]], na nguvu za kijeshi. Marekani ilianzishwa mwaka 1776 kupitia [[Tangazo la Uhuru la Marekani]], kufuatia mapambano ya [[ukoloni|makoloni]] kumi na tatu dhidi ya utawala wa [[Uingereza]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=America Declaration of Independence|publisher=Archives|url=https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript|access-date=2026-03-16|website=www.archives.gov}}</ref> Tangu wakati huo, imepanuka kote [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] na kujitokeza kama nguvu ya [[dunia]], hasa baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia|vita vya dunia]] vya karne ya 20. Marekani ni jamhuri ya [[shirikisho]] inayozingatia [[katiba]] na [[demokrasia]] ya uwakilishi, yenye serikali inayotawaliwa na mfumo wa mizania ya madaraka kati ya matawi ya utendaji, kutunga [[sheria]], na [[mahakama]]. Ni mwanachama mwanzilishi wa mashirika ya kimataifa kama [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], [[NATO]], na [[Benki ya Dunia]], na inaendelea kucheza nafasi ya uongozi katika masuala ya [[siasa|kisiasa]], [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], na [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]] duniani. Marekani ina [[Uchumi wa Marekani|uchumi mkubwa ulioendelea]] na wenye sekta mbalimbali unaoendeshwa na [[huduma]], [[Viwanda|uzalishaji viwandani]], [[fedha]], [[teknolojia]], na >[[biashara]]. <ref name="OECD_US_Snapshot">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/united-states.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: United States |website=OECD.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Nchi hiyo ni makao ya baadhi ya mashirika makubwa zaidi duniani pamoja na [[taasisi]] za [[fedha|kifedha]], huku vituo vikuu vya kiuchumi vikijumuisha [[Jiji la New York]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Chicago]], na [[San Francisco]]. Marekani ni kiongozi wa dunia katika utafiti wa [[sayansi|kisayansi]], [[elimu ya juu]], anga za juu, burudani, na [[teknolojia]] ya kidijitali, ambapo ''Bonde la Silicon'' hutumika kama kituo kikubwa cha kimataifa cha ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] na maendeleo ya programu za kompyuta. <ref name="WFB_US_Economy">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |title=United States - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 30, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 |archive-date=2025-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250316043011/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kiutamaduni, Marekani ina sifa ya [[Marekani#Demografia|utofauti mkubwa wa kikabila, kilugha, na kidini]] uliotokana na karne nyingi za uhamiaji na mabadiliko ya idadi ya watu. <ref name="Pew_Diversity">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/demographics/ |title=Demographics and Social Trends |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kiingereza]] ndiyo lugha kuu inayotumika kitaifa kwa vitendo, na lugha rasmi katika ngazi ya [[shirikisho]]. <ref name="Britannica_US_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States/Cultural-life |author=The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica |title=United States: Cultural life |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utamaduni]] wa Marekani umeathiri sana dunia kupitia [[filamu]], [[muziki]], [[televisheni]], [[michezo]], [[fasihi]], na [[vyombo vya habari]] vya kidijitali. Nchi hiyo pia ina hifadhi nyingi za taifa, kumbukumbu za kihistoria, na taasisi za kitamaduni zilizo chini ya ulinzi wa taifa, zikionyesha utofauti wake wa mazingira na maendeleo yake ya kihistoria. <ref name="NPS_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/index.htm |title=About Us: National Park Service |website=nps.gov |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Demografia == Kufikia katikati ya mwaka 2024, idadi ya Wakazi wa Marekani imefikia takriban milioni 340, ikionyesha ongezeko la asilimia 2.6 tangu Sensa ya 2020. Mandhari ya [[Demografia|kidemografia]] ya taifa hili inazidi kuwa mchanganyiko: [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa asili ya Kihispania]] ni takriban asilimia 57.8, [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] 18.7%, [[Watu weusi|Wamarekani Weusi]] 12.1%, na Wamarekani wa asili ya Asia 5.9%. Kiwango cha uzazi kimeshuka hadi wastani wa watoto 1.6 kwa kila mwanamke, chini ya kiwango cha kuzaliana kinachohitajika, huku umri wa wastani ukiwa umeongezeka hadi takriban miaka 39.1, jambo linaloonyesha wazi mwelekeo wa kuzeeka kwa idadi ya watu. Uhamiaji unabakia kuwa kichocheo kikuu cha ukuaji: mnamo 2024, karibu asilimia 84 ya ongezeko la idadi ya watu lilitokana na wahamiaji, huku jamii za Wahispania na Waasia zikionyesha ukuaji mkubwa (asilimia 9.7% na 13%, mtawalia). === Idadi ya wakazi === {| class="wikitable" |+ Historia ya idadi ya wakazi ! Mwaka !! Idadi ya watu</br>'Milioni !! Ukuaji (%) |- | 2020 || 331.5 || 0.4% |- | 2021 || 331.9 || 0.2% |- | 2022 || 333.3 || 0.6% |- | 2023 || 334.9 || 0.8% |- | 2024 || 340.1|| 1.0% |} === Kabila/Asili=== [[File:Largest Race and Ethnicity in United States (2020).jpg|thumb| Kabila na Asili Kubwa Zaidi nchini Marekani]] [[File:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|thumb|250px|Asili ya kawaida nchini Marekani</br> {{legend|#0075ff|Marekani}} {{legend|#ff0000|Kijerumani}} {{legend|#ff7500|Meksiko}} {{legend|#007500|Kieire}} {{legend|#00ffff|Kiafrika}} {{legend|#7500ff|Kiitalia}} {{legend|#750075|Kiingereza}} {{legend|#ffff00|Kijapani}} {{legend|#d93190|Puerto Rico}}]] Kufikia mwaka 2025, [[Mzungu|Wazungu wasio wa Kihispania]] bado ndio kundi kubwa zaidi nchini Marekani, wakichukua takriban asilimia 57.6 ya idadi ya watu. [[Wahispania]] au [[Walatino]] ndio kundi la wachache linalokua kwa kasi zaidi, likiwakilisha takribani asilimia 19–20. [[Wamarekani weusi|Wamarekani Weusi au Waafrika Wamarekani]] wanaunda takribani asilimia 12–14 ya idadi ya watu. Wamarekani wenye asili ya Asia ni takriban watu milioni 22 (6.49%) kufikia katikati ya 2024. [[Chotara|Machotara]] pia ni kundi linaloongezeka kwa kasi, sasa wakiwa takriban asilimia 3–5 ya idadi ya watu. Makundi madogo zaidi ni pamoja na Wamarekani wa asili na Wakaazi wa Alaska (takribani asilimia 1–2) na Wenyeji wa Hawaii au Visiwa vya Pasifiki (chini ya asilimia 1). <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Ethnic composition in United States|website=www.usafacts.org|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/ |accessdate=2025-03-27|lang=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Kabila/Asili !! Asilimia |- | [[Mzungu|Wazungu]] (Wasio Wahispania) || 57.8% |- | Wahispania au Walatino || 18.9% |- | [[Wamarekani weusi|Weusi au Waafrika]] || 12.1% |- | [[Waasia]] || 6.0% |- | [[Machotara]] || 2.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Marekani/Alaska || 0.7% |- | Wenyeji wa Hawaii/Pasifiki || 0.2% |} === Lugha === Marekani ina [[mazingira]] yenye mchanganyiko mkubwa wa [[lugha]], ambapo zaidi ya [[lugha]] 350 huzungumzwa kote nchini. Takwimu za mwaka 2020 zinaonyesha kuwa asilimia 78 ya wakazi huzungumza [[Kiingereza]] pekee nyumbani, huku asilimia 22 wakitumia lugha nyingine. Kati ya kundi hili, [[Kihispania]] kinachukua asilimia 13, kikifuatwa na [[Kichina]] (1.1%), [[Kitagalog]] (0.6%), Kivietinamu (0.5%), [[Kiarabu]] (0.5%), [[Kifaransa]] (0.4%), [[Kikorea]] (0.3%) na [[Kirusi]] (0.3%). Lugha za kiasili zinabaki na sehemu ndogo chini ya 0.5%, huku Kinavajo kikiwa na wasemaji wengi zaidi. <ref>{{Cite Web|title=Lugha za Marekani|website=census.gov|url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2022/12/languages-we-speak-in-united-states.html|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> === Dini === [[File:Magen David Brooklyn.JPG|thumb|Sinagogi ya Magen David, New York]] [[Dini]] nchini Marekani inaonyesha mchanganyiko mkubwa wa imani na mwenendo wa kubadilika kwa muda. Kulingana na takwimu za hivi karibuni, asilimia 62 ya watu wazima wanajitambulisha kuwa [[Wakristo]] huku wengi wao wakiwa [[Waprotestanti]] (40%), [[Wakatoliki]] (19%), na makundi mengine ya Kikristo (3%). Asilimia 29 [[Wasio na dini|hawana uhusiano wa kidini]], kundi linalojumuisha [[Ukanamungu|wasiomwamini Mungu]] (5%), wanaotilia shaka (6%), na wasiokuwa na maelezo maalum (19%). Dini nyingine zisizo za Kikristo zinachukua asilimia 7, zikiwemo [[Wayahudi]] (2%), [[Waislamu]] (1%), [[Ubudha|Wabudha]] (1%), [[Wahindu]] (1%), na zingine ndogo zaidi. Hata hivyo, imani za kiroho zinabaki kuwa na ushawishi mpana, ambapo zaidi ya asilimia 80 ya watu wanaamini katika Mungu, roho au nguvu ya juu.<ref>{{Cite Web|title=Dini katika USA|website=pewresearch.org|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2022/09/13/how-u-s-religious-composition-has-changed-in-recent-decades/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! Dini !! Asilimia |- | Ukristo || 63% |- | Wasiokuwa na dini || 29% |- | Uyahudi || 2% |- | Uislamu || 1% |- | Uhindu || 1% |- | Ubudha || 1% |- | Nyingine || 3% |} === Muundo wa Umri === Umri wa kati: miaka 38.5 (2021). {| class="wikitable" ! Kikundi cha umri !! Asilimia |- | 0–14 miaka || 18.2% |- | 15–64 miaka || 64.6% |- | 65+ miaka || 17.2% |} === Elimu === [[File:Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) - panoramio.jpg|thumb|250px|Chuo cha Teknolojia cha Massachusetts]] [[Elimu]] nchini Marekani ina kiwango cha juu cha ushirikishwaji, ambapo takribani asilimia 91 ya watu wenye umri wa miaka 25 na zaidi wamekamilisha angalau [[elimu]] ya [[sekondari]], na karibu asilimia 38 wamehitimu [[elimu]] ya [[chuo kikuu]] au zaidi. Kati ya wakazi hao, asilimia 28 wana elimu ya sekondari pekee, 15 elimu ya chuo bila [[shahada]], 10 shahada ya kati (associate degree), 23 shahada ya kwanza, na 14 elimu ya juu zaidi kama shahada ya uzamili, kitaaluma au uzamivu. === Kipato na Umaskini === * Kipato cha kati kwa kaya: $70,784 (2021).<ref name=":0">{{Cite Web|title=Demografia za Marekani|url=https://usafacts.org/data/topics/people-society/population-and-demographics/our-changing-population/|accessdate=2025-02-10}}</ref> * Kiwango cha umaskini: 11.6% (2021).<ref name=":0" /> ===Watu maarufu === * [[Abraham Lincoln]] * [[Al Capone]] * [[Barack Obama]] * [[Beyoncé Knowles]] * [[Bill Gates]] * [[Bob Dylan]] * [[Donald Trump]] * [[Elvis Presley]] * [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] * [[George Gershwin]] * [[George Washington]] * [[Henry Ford]] * [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] * [[John Kennedy]] * [[Louis Armstrong]] * [[Madonna (mwanamuziki)|Madonna]] * [[Malcolm X]] * [[Martin Luther King]] * [[Michael Jackson]] * [[Michael Jordan]] * [[Miles Davis]] * [[Oprah Winfrey]] * [[Rosa Parks]] * [[Steve Jobs]] * [[Thomas Edison]] * [[Thomas Jefferson]] * [[Walt Disney]] * [[William Edward Burghardt Du Bois]] == Jiografia == === Marekani bara === [[Picha:USATopographicalMap.jpg|right|thumb|600px|Picha kutoka angani ikionyesha majimbo 48 ya Marekani yanayopakana]] Eneo la Marekani lina ukubwa wa [[kilometa mraba]] 9,826,675 na liko hasa katika [[bara]] la Amerika Kaskazini kati ya Kanada upande wa [[kaskazini]] na Meksiko upande wa [[kusini]]. Marekani imeunganisha upana wote wa bara kutoka [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] hadi [[Pasifiki]], ikigawanywa kwa majimbo 48 yanayojitawala. Eneo hilo lagawiwa katikati na [[mto]] mkubwa [[Mississippi (mto)|Mississippi]] unaoanza mpakani kwa Kanada na kuishia katika [[Ghuba ya Meksiko]]. === Alaska === Jimbo la [[Alaska]] liko pia kwenye bara la Amerika Kaskazini upande wa kaskazini kutoka Kanada kuelekea [[Urusi]], lakini halipakani na jimbo lolote la Marekani. === Hawaii === [[Funguvisiwa]] la [[Hawaii]] ni jimbo la visiwani katika bahari ya Pasifiki. Ni jimbo la 50 na la mwisho mpaka sasa. === Visiwa vya ng'ambo vya Marekani === [[Maeneo ya ng'ambo ya Marekani]] ni visiwa kadhaa ambavyo ni maeneo ya Kimarekani ingawa si sehemu ya jimbo lolote. Zamani yalikuwa kama [[makoloni]] hata kama Marekani ilidai kutokuwa na [[ukoloni]]. Siku hizi maeneo haya yamepata viwango mbalimbali vya kujitawala. Kwa kawaida maeneo haya huchagua pia wawakilishi kwa ajili ya [[bunge]] la Marekani lakini wawakilishi hao si wabunge wa kawaida, bali wana haki ya kusema na kushauri tu bila [[haki ya kupiga kura]]. Visiwa muhimu kati ya hivyo ni kama ifuatavyo: * [[Puerto Rico]] ([[Karibi]]) * [[Visiwa vya Virgin vya Marekani]] (Karibi) * [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] ([[Pasifiki]]) * [[Guam]] (Pasifiki) ===Milima=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya milima ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Safu ya milima]] ya [[Rocky Mountains]] inavuka Marekani yote kutoka kaskazini hadi kusini upande wa magharibi. ===Mito=== <sup>angalia: [[Orodha ya mito ya Marekani]]</sup> [[Mto]] mkubwa wa Marekani ni [[Mto Mississippi]]. == Historia== === Asili na Historia ya Awali === [[Picha:U.S. Territorial Acquisitions.png|thumb|Uenezi wa nchi hatua kwa hatua.]] [[Historia ya awali]] inaanza na kilele cha [[Enzi ya barafu]], watu wa [[Asia]] walipoweka kuingia [[Alaska]] kupitia nchi kavu. Baada ya hapo watu hao na [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wao hawakuwa tena na uhusiano na wale wa "[[Dunia ya zamani]]" ([[Afrika]], Asia na [[Ulaya]]) mpaka walipofikiwa na [[Wazungu]] kutoka [[Norway]] ([[karne ya 10]]) na [[Christopher Columbus]] [[mwaka]] [[1492]]. Hao wakazi wa kwanza walikuwa [[wawindaji-wakusanyaji]]; wakifuata mawindo yao walifika taratibu hadi ncha ya [[kusini]] ya [[Amerika]] ([[Tierra del Fuego]]). Polepole [[utamaduni]] wa baadhi ya [[Kabila|makabila]], ingawa kwa kuchelewa kuliko Dunia ya zamani, ulifikia hadhi ya [[ustaarabu]], kama vile ule wa [[Mississippi]]. === Enzi ya Ukoloni na Kuanzishwa kwa Taifa === [[Safari]] za [[baharia]] Christopher Columbus kuanzia mwaka 1492, zilivuta hasa [[Hispania]], [[Ureno]] na halafu [[Uingereza]], [[Ufaransa]] na [[Uholanzi]] kujianzishia [[Koloni|makoloni]] ili kunyonya [[maliasili]] nyingi za "[[Dunia mpya]]". Kwa namna hiyo, [[mazingira]] ya Amerika yalibadilika kabisa mpaka zikatokea aina mpya za utamaduni na hatimaye [[Taifa|mataifa]] mapya, hasa kutokana na mchanganyiko ya wenyeji ([[Waindio]]) na [[walowezi]] kutoka Ulaya, halafu pia [[watumwa]] kutoka [[Afrika]]. Marekani ilianza kama muunganiko wa [[Koloni|makoloni]] ya [[Uingereza]] kwenye [[pwani]] ya [[mashariki]] ya [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] tangu [[karne ya 17]]. Walowezi kutoka [[Uingereza]] walijipatia ardhi wakipigana na wenyeji Waindio. === Upanuzi wa Karne ya 19 na Vita vya Wenyewe kwa Wenyewe === Tangu [[karne ya 19]] wahamiaji walifika pia kutoka [[Asia]], hasa [[China]] na [[Japani]]. Katika vita dhidi ya [[Hispania]] na [[Meksiko]], Marekani ilipanua eneo lake kwenda [[kusini]]. [[Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe ya Marekani]] ilipigwa kuanzia [[1861]] hadi [[1865]] kati ya majimbo ya kusini na majimbo ya kaskazini nchini Marekani. Sababu mojawapo muhimu ya vita ilikuwa [[suala]] la [[utumwa]]. Majimbo ya kaskazini yaliwahi kupiga utumwa [[marufuku]] lakini majimbo ya kusini yaliendelea na [[sheria]] zilizoruhusu utumwa na [[Utajiri|matajiri]] wengi wa kusini walitegemea [[kazi]] ya watumwa hao. Mafarakano yalianza kuhusu swali kama madola mapya yaliyoanzishwa katika Amerika Kaskazini na kujiunga na Muungano yangeruhusiwa kukubali utumwa au la. Mwaka 1861 madola ya kusini-mashariki yalitangaza kujiondoa katika Muungano na kuanzisha "[[Shirikisho la Madola ya Marekani|Shirikisho la Madola ya Amerika]]". Vita vilianza na kudumu miaka minne na watu 650.000 walikufa, lakini mwishoni kaskazini ilishinda. Utumwa ulipigwa marufuku na watumwa walipewa [[haki]] za kiraia. Lakini watumwa wengi av awali waliendelea kuwa [[maskini]] na baada ya muda, sheria mpya katika majimbo ya kusini zilinyima haki nyingi za kiraia za [[Wamarekani weusi]] waliopaswa kuishi chini mfumo av [[ubaguzi wa rangi]]. [[File:New100front.jpg|right|thumb|[[Noti ya benki|Noti]] ya [[Dolar ya Marekani|Dola]] 100.]] Katika miongo iliyofuata, Marekani ilitwaa maeneo yaliyowahi kubaki chini ya [[mamlaka]] ya Waindio na kuyafanya maeneo yake. Katika [[Vita vya Marekani dhidi ya Hispania]] kwenye mwaka [[1898]] ilijipatia utawala juu ya [[Ufilipino]] na [[Puerto Rico]], makoloni ya awali ya [[Uhispania|Hispania]], na kuwa yenyewe nchi iliyotawala makoloni. === Wimbi la Uhamiaji na Sera za Kimataifa === Wahamiaji kwa [[milioni|mamilioni]] waliendelea kufika hasa kutoka Ulaya. Kabla ya mwaka [[1880]] idadi kubwa walitoka [[Ujerumani]], [[Eire]], Uingereza na [[Uskoti]], pamoja na [[Wachina]] waliotafuta kazi hasa [[California|Kalifornia]]. Baada ya mwaka 1880 hadi [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia|Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza vya Dunia]] ([[1914]]-[[1918]]) wengi walifika kutoka [[Ulaya ya Kusini]] na [[Ulaya ya Mashariki|ya Mashariki]], hasa [[Italia|Waitalia]], [[Wayahudi]] kutoka [[Milki ya Urusi]], [[Polandi|Wapolandi]] na wenyeji av nchi nyingine za [[Waslavi|Kislavi]]. Wahamiaji hao walileta pia [[Utamaduni|tamaduni]] zao na kukubali [[mshahara|mishahara]] midogo kuliko wenyeji waliowahi kufika mapema; hali hiyo ilileta mara kadhaa sheria zilizolenga kuweka mipaka; sheria ya mwaka [[1882]] ilikataa kufika kwa Wachina, sheria ya mwaka [[1922]] ililenga kupunguza [[idadi]] ya Waitalia, Wayahudi na watu av Ulaya ya Mashariki kwa kutaja mipaka kwa kila nchi ya [[asili]]<ref>[https://www.nps.gov/articles/closing-the-door-on-immigration.htm Closing the door on immigration], tovuti ya national Park service, Marekani, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2020</ref>. Katika [[siasa]] ya nje, Marekani iliwahi kutangaza tangu mwaka [[1823]] kwamba ilitazama [[Amerika]] yote kama eneo ambalo haikubali kuingiliwa na nchi za Ulaya; wakati ule makoloni mengi ya Amerika ya Kusini yalikuwa yakifaulu kupata uhuru kutoka Hispania, na Marekani ilitaka kusisitiza isingekubali kuingia kwa mataifa mengine ya Ulaya. Katika miongo iliyofuata [[uchumi]] av Marekani uliimarika pamoja na kukua kwa sekta ya [[Kiwanda|viwanda]] na [[wafanyabiashara]] wa Marekani walipanua [[biashara]] yao kimataifa; mnamo [[1854]] [[manowari]] za Marekani ziliilazimisha [[Japani]] kukubali kufunguliwa kwa [[ubalozi]] na kupokea wafanyabiashara. [[Meli]] za wafanyabiashara wa Marekani zilifika kote [[dunia|duniani]], tangu [[miaka ya 1830]] hadi [[Zanzibar]] ambako ubalozi mdogo ulifunguliwa mwaka [[1837]]<ref>Gilbert, Wesley. Our Man in Zanzibar: Richard Waters, American Consul (1837-1845), tasnifu 2011 kwenye Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/781d/d2e2510187a4c65055915b6a323a18c7419e.pdf online hapa] </ref>. Wakati wa vita dhidi ya Hispania Marekani ilihakikisha pia nafasi yake katika biashara ya [[China]] dhidi ya mipango ya mataifa ya Ulaya ya kuigawa nchi hiyo. === Karne ya 20: Vita Vikuu na Mdororo Mkuu === Mwaka [[1917]] Marekani iliingia katika Vita Vikuu vya Kwanza upande wa Uingereza na [[Ufaransa]]; baada ya vita [[rais]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] alishawishi [[Taifa|mataifa]] mengine kuanzisha [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]] lakini [[bunge]] lilizuia kuingia kwa Marekani katika [[umoja]] huo. [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa mwaka [[1929]] ulileta matatizo makubwa kwa uchumi na hata [[njaa]] kwa [[raia]] wengi lakini ulileta pia siasa mpya ya "New Deal" chini ya rais [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] ambako kwa mara ya kwanza programu za kisiasa zilitumia [[Pato la taifa|mapato]] ya [[serikali]] kwa shabaha ya kusaidia idadi kubwa ya wananchi waliokuwa bila kazi, bila [[nyumba]] na bila [[kipato]]; [[Ujana|vijana]] kwa mamilioni waliajiriwa na serikali kwa kazi ya kujenga [[miundombinu]] ([[barabara]], [[Mfereji|mifereji]]) na kuboresha [[hifadhi za taifa]]. Mwaka [[1941]] Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita Vikuu vya Pili vya Dunia]] baada ya kushambuliwa na Japani na kupokea tangazo la vita kutoka Ujerumani. Uwezo wa kiuchumi av Marekani ulileta [[ushindi]] wa [[mataifa ya ushirikiano]]. Uwezo wake wa [[Sayansi|kisayansi]] ulipanuliwa na [[wanasayansi]] kama [[Albert Einstein]] waliopaswa kukimbia [[udikteta]] wa [[Adolf Hitler]] katika Ujerumani na kuiwezesha kutengeneza [[Mabomu ya nyuklia|mabomu ya kwanza ya nyuklia]] yaliyotumika mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1945]] kuteketeza [[Hiroshima]] na [[Nagasaki]]. === Vita Baridi na Mapambano ya Haki za Kiraia === Katika miongo ya [[vita baridi]] iliyofuata, Marekani ilikuwa taifa la kuongoza nchi zenye [[demokrasia]] na pia zile ambazo zilisimama upande wa [[ubepari]] tu bila demokrasia dhidi ya nchi za [[Ukomunisti|kikomunisti]] zilizoongozwa na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]. Mwanzo wa [[miaka ya 1960]] ilishindana na [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] katika [[mbio]] wa kuingia katika [[anga-nje]] ikafaulu kupeleka watu wa kwanza hadi [[Mwezi]] mnamo [[Agosti]] [[1969]]. Kutokana na ushindani na nchi za ukomunisti Marekani iliingia katika [[Vita ya Vietnam]] hadi kushindwa mwaka [[1975]]. Vilevile miaka ya 1960 ilikuwa kipindi cha mapambano kwa ajili ya haki za Wamarekani weusi, [[Mjukuu|wajukuu]] wa watumwa wa awali hasa kusini mwa Marekani. Sheria zilizotenganisha watu pamoja na matumizi ya [[shule]], [[Chuo|vyuo]], [[jengo|majengo]] na [[taasisi]] za [[burudani]] kulingana na [[rangi]] ya [[ngozi]], zilizozuia [[ndoa]] kati ya watu wa rangi tofauti na kuzuia watu maskini wasitumie haki za kiraia zilipigwa marufuku bila kuondoa tofauti katika uwezo wa kiuchumi kati ya [[kundi|makundi]] katika jamii. [[Mapinduzi]] ya [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]] ya [[kompyuta]] na [[intaneti]] yalienea Marekani haraka kushinda sehemu nyingine za Dunia. == Uchumi== [[File:View of Empire State Building from Rockefeller Center New York City dllu (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Manhattan]], [[New York]]]] [[Uchumi]] wa Marekani ndiyo mkubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], ukiwa na sifa ya utofauti wake, ubunifu wa [[teknolojia|kiteknolojia]], na kiwango cha juu cha uzalishaji. Unafanya kazi hasa kama [[uchumi]] wa soko mchanganyiko, ambapo sekta binafsi ina nafasi kubwa sambamba na udhibiti na uingiliaji wa [[serikali]]. Sekta kuu ni pamoja na [[huduma]], [[viwanda]], [[fedha]], [[afya]], na [[teknolojia]], huku sekta ya huduma ikichangia sehemu kubwa zaidi ya [[plt|pato la kiuchumi]]. Marekani pia ina utajiri mkubwa wa [[rasilimali]] asilia, unaochangia maendeleo ya sekta za [[nishati]], [[kilimo]], na uchimbaji madini. Sifa kuu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani ni uongozi wake katika ubunifu na biashara ya kimataifa. Nchi hii ni makazi ya baadhi ya makampuni makubwa zaidi [[dunia|duniani]], hasa katika maeneo kama ''Silicon Valley''. Uwekezaji mkubwa katika utafiti na maendeleo, pamoja na mfumo imara wa elimu ya juu, umewezesha maendeleo katika nyanja kama teknolojia ya taarifa, bioteknolojia, na anga na usafiri wa anga. Aidha, [[dola ya Marekani]] hutumika kama sarafu kuu ya akiba duniani, jambo linaloipa nchi nafasi ya kipekee katika fedha na biashara ya kimataifa. [[Biashara]] ya kimataifa ni sehemu muhimu ya [[uchumi]] wa Marekani, ikiwa na washirika wakubwa kama [[Kanada]], [[Meksiko]], [[China]], na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. Nchi hii husafirisha bidhaa kama [[mashine]], [[ndege]], na mazao ya kilimo, huku ikiagiza bidhaa za matumizi, vifaa vya kielektroniki, na malighafi. Zaidi ya hayo, Marekani ina mfumo uliokua sana wa [[fedha|kifedha]] na masoko ya mitaji unaoathiri [[uchumi]] wa dunia. Licha ya nguvu zake, [[uchumi]] huu unakabiliwa na changamoto kama pengo la kipato, deni la umma, na mabadiliko ya kiuchumi, lakini bado unasalia kuwa miongoni mwa uchumi wenye ushawishi mkubwa na wenye nguvu zaidi duniani. == Siasa == [[File:White House 02.jpg|thumb|White house, Washington DC]] Siasa nchini Marekani hufanya kazi chini ya mfumo wa [[serikali ya kiraisi|jamhuri ya kikatiba ya urais ya shirikisho]], ambapo mamlaka hugawanywa kati ya serikali kuu ya kitaifa na majimbo binafsi. <ref name="USA_Gov_Branches">{{cite web |url=https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government |title=Branches of the U.S. Government |website=USA.gov |publisher=Official Guide to Government Information and Services |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Rais hutumika kama mkuu wa nchi na mkuu wa serikali na huchaguliwa kupitia mfumo wa Baraza la Wateule badala ya kura ya moja kwa moja ya kitaifa ya wananchi. <ref name="CFR_ElectoralCollege">{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-electoral-college-works-united-states |author=Lindsay Maizland |title=How the Electoral College Works in the United States |website=CFR.org |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |date=October 31, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa umejengwa juu ya mgawanyo wa mamlaka kati ya mihimili mitatu: utendaji, utungaji sheria, na mahakama, ambapo kila mmoja una majukumu ya kikatiba pamoja na mfumo wa kuzuiana na kusawazishana mamlaka ili kuzuia mkusanyiko wa madaraka. <ref name="Britannica_US_Gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/government-of-the-United-States |title=Government of the United States |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Tawi ya kutunga sheria ni Bunge la Marekani, ambalo lina mabunge mawili: [[Bunge la taifa|Baraza la Wawakilishi]] na [[Seneti]]. Baraza la Wawakilishi linawakilisha maeneo ya uchaguzi kulingana na idadi ya watu, huku Seneti ikitoa uwakilishi sawa kwa kila jimbo kwa maseneta wawili kwa kila jimbo. <ref name="Senate_Gov_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/origins-foundations/senate-and-constitution/constitution.htm |title=The Senate and the Constitution |website=Senate.gov |publisher=United States Senate |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Bunge lina jukumu la kutunga sheria za shirikisho, kupitisha [[bajeti]], kutangaza vita, na kusimamia mhimili wa utendaji. Mhimili wa mahakama unaongozwa na Mahakama ya Juu, ambayo hutafsiri Katiba na kuchunguza uhalali wa sheria pamoja na vitendo vya serikali. <ref name="US_Courts_Role">{{cite web |url=https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/about |title=About the Supreme Court |website=USCourts.gov |publisher=Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mfumo wa kisiasa nchini humo unatawaliwa zaidi na mfumo wa vyama viwili, hasa Chama cha ''Democratic'' na Chama cha ''Republican''. Vyama hivi hushindana katika uchaguzi wa [[shirikisho]], majimbo, na serikali za mitaa, ingawa pia kuna vyama vingine vidogo. <ref name="LibraryOfCongress_Parties">{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/elections/political-parties/ |title=Political Parties - Elections |website=loc.gov |publisher=Library of Congress |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Uchaguzi hufanyika mara kwa mara, ukiwemo uchaguzi wa urais kila baada ya miaka minne na uchaguzi wa bunge kila baada ya miaka miwili kwa Baraza la Wawakilishi pamoja na mihula ya miaka sita inayobadilishana kwa Seneti. Kampeni za kisiasa huathiriwa sana na uchangishaji [[fedha]], [[vyombo vya habari]], maoni ya umma, na sheria za uchaguzi za majimbo. <ref name="FEC_Campaigns">{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/introduction-campaign-finance/ |title=Introduction to campaign finance |website=fec.gov |publisher=Federal Election Commission |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Masuala makuu ya kisiasa nchini Marekani yanajumuisha [[Marekani#Uchumi|uchumi]], huduma za afya, uhamiaji, sera za kigeni, udhibiti wa [[silaha]], mabadiliko ya [[tabianchi]], na usawa wa kijamii. <ref name="Pew_Research_Issues">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/02/29/americans-top-policy-priorities-for-2024/ |title=Americans’ Top Policy Priorities for 2024 |website=pewresearch.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |date=February 29, 2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> Mgawanyiko wa kisiasa kati ya vyama vikuu umeongezeka katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, na kusababisha tofauti kubwa za kiitikadi kuhusu sera mbalimbali. Licha ya hali hiyo, Marekani inaendelea kudumisha mfumo thabiti wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wenye uchaguzi wa mara kwa mara, taasisi huru, na ushiriki mkubwa wa raia kupitia kupiga kura, mijadala ya umma, na mapitio ya kimahakama. <ref name="FreedomHouse_US">{{cite web |url=https://freedomhouse.org/country/united-states/freedom-world/2024 |title=Freedom in the World 2024: United States |website=Freedom House |date=2024 |access-date=May 8, 2026 }} </ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya majimbo ya Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya Marais wa Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya chaguzi za Rais wa Marekani]] * [[Peace Corps]] * [[Jamii:Marekani]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] * [[Uchumi wa Marekani]] ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} == Bibliografia == {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |title=Regulating Wall Street: The Dodd-Frank Act and the New Architecture of Global Finance |ref=Acharya10 |first1=Viral V. |last1=Acharya |first2=Thomas F. |last2=Cooley |first3=Matthew P. |last3=Richardson |first4=Ingo |last4=Walter |page=592 |publisher=Wiley |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-470-76877-8}} * {{cite journal |last1=Barth |first1=James |first2=John |last2=Jahera |title=US Enacts Sweeping Financial Reform Legislation |ref=Barth10 |journal=Journal of Financial Economic Policy |volume=2 |issue=3 |year=2010 |pages=192–195 }} * {{cite book |last=Berkin |first=Carol |last2=Miller |first2=Christopher L. |last3=Cherny |first3=Robert W. |last4=Gormly |first4=James L. |title=Making America: A History of the United States, Volume I: To 1877 |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2007 |ref=Berkin |page=75}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/Making_America_Volume_1_To_1877_A_Histor.html?id=cyEI21RClZkC Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Bianchine |first1=Peter J. |journal=Allergy and Asthma Proceedings|last2=Russo |first2=Thomas A. |year=1992 |title=The Role of Epidemic Infectious Diseases in the Discovery of America |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=225–232 |ref=Bianchine |publisher=OceanSide Publications, Inc. |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ocean/aap/1992/00000013/00000005/art00002 |accessdate=September 9, 2012 }} * {{cite book |author1=Boyer, Paul S. |author2=Clark, Clifford E. Jr. |author3=Kett, Joseph F. |last4=Salisbury|first4=Neal|last5=Sitkoff|first5= Harvard|last6=Woloch|first6=Nancy |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People |ref=Boyer |year=2007|publisher=Cengage Learning |page=588 |isbn=978-0-618-80161-9}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=9KT3lI76-0cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Clingan |first=Edmund |title=An Introduction to Modern Western Civilization |ref=Clingan |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=978-1-4620-5439-8}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=FS3TnrLu7y8C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first=Colin G. |last=Calloway |title=New Worlds for All: Indians, Europeans, and the Remaking of Early America|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press|JHU Press]] |ref=Calloway1998 |page=229 |isbn=978-0-8018-5959-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=edYbAZ7ECEoC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Davis |first=Kenneth C. |title=Don't know much about the Civil War |url=https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1 |ref=Davis96 |publisher=William Marrow and Co. |location=New York |year=1996 |isbn=0-688-11814-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/dontknowmuchabou00davi_1/page/518 518] }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Dphzw2cbaoQC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Daynes |first=Byron W. |last2=Sussman |first2=Glen |title=White House Politics and the Environment: Franklin D. Roosevelt to George W. Bush |url=https://archive.org/details/whitehousepoliti0000dayn |ref=Daynes |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]] |year=2010 |page=320 |isbn=978-1-60344-254-1 |quote=Presidential environmental policies, 1933–2009 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=HIOQ1FYHtcYC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |first= Sylvan G. |last=Feldstein |first2=Frank J., CFA |last2=Fabozzi |title=The Handbook of Municipal Bonds |ref=Feldstein |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]], January 13, 2011 |page=1376 |isbn=978-1-118-04494-0}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=Juc4fb1Fx1cC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Gold |first=Susan Dudley |title=United States V. Amistad: Slave Ship Mutiny |url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold |ref=Gold2006 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesvami0000gold/page/144 144] |isbn=978-0-7614-2143-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=mbV6kPGO4OAC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Ferguson |first1=Thomas |last2=Rogers |first2=Joel |ref=Ferguson |year=1986 |title=The Myth of America's Turn to the Right |journal=[[The Atlantic]] |volume=257 |issue=5 |pages=43–53 |url=http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |accessdate=March 11, 2013 |archive-date=2015-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104235329/http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/95dec/conbook/fergrt.htm |dead-url=yes }} * {{cite book |last=Fraser |first=Steve |first2=Gary |last2=Gerstle |ref=Fraser |title=The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order: 1930–1980 |series=American History: Political science |url=http://books.google.com/?id=yd4GqkP5XYgC&lpg=PA229 |year=1989 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-00607-9 |page=311 }} * {{cite book |last=Gordon |first=John Steele |ref=Gordon |title=An Empire of Wealth: The Epic History of American Economic Power |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofwealthth00gord |year=2004 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/An_Empire_of_Wealth.html?id=rmsUs_KDgHAC Book] * {{cite book |last=Graebner |first=Norman A. |last2=Burns |first2=Richard Dean |last3=Siracusa |first3=Joseph M. |ref=Burns2008 |title=Reagan, Bush, Gorbachev: Revisiting the End of the Cold War |url=http://books.google.com/?id=r71u_AgE7iYC&lpg=PA142 |year=2008 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |series=Praeger Security International Series |isbn=978-0-313-35241-6 |page=180 }} * {{cite book |last=Hughes |first=David |title=The British Chronicles |volume=1 |page=347 |year=2007 |publisher=Heritage Books |location=[[Westminster, Maryland|Westminster]], [[Maryland]]}} * {{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Lawrence R. |title=Health Care Reform and American Politics: What Everyone Needs to Know: What Everyone Needs to Know |url=https://archive.org/details/healthcarereform0000jaco |ref=Jacobs10 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-978142-3 }} * {{cite book |last=Johnson |first=Paul |ref=Johnson |title=A History of the American People |year=1997 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=26–30}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/A_History_of_the_American_People.html?id=RXSVQjz1_tMC eBook version] * {{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Native American Wars and Warfare |series=[[Infobase Publishing|Facts on File]] library of American History |last=Kessel |first=William B. |last2=Wooster |first2=Robert |authorlink= |year=2005 |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-8160-3337-9 |page=398|ref=Kessel}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=laxSyAp89G4C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{Rejea kitabu |last= Kolko |first= Gabriel |authorlink= Gabriel Kolko |year= 1988 |title= Confronting the Third World: United States Foreign Policy, 1945–1980 |url= https://archive.org/details/confrontingthird0000kolk |location= New York, NY |publisher= [[Pantheo n Books|Pantheon]] |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Leckie |first=Robert | authorlink = Robert Leckie (author)|title=None died in vain: The Saga of the American Civil War |ref=Leckie |publisher=Harper-Collins |location=New York |year=1990 |page=[https://archive.org/details/nonediedinvainsa00leck/page/682 682] |isbn=0-06-016280-5}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=gvIeAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last= Leffler |first= Melvyn P. |authorlink= Melvyn P. Leffler |year= 2010 |chapter= The emergence of an American grand strategy, 1945–1952 |title= ''In Melvyn P. Leffler and [[Odd Arne Westad]], eds.,''The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1: Origins ''(pp.&nbsp;67–89)'' |location= Cambridge |publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn= 978-0-521-83719-4 |ref= harv }} * {{cite book |last=Lemon |first=James T. |editor=Robert D. Mitchell |editor2=Paul A. Groves |title=North America: the historical geography of a changing continent |chapter=Colonial America in the 18th Century |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=1987 |ref=Lemon}}, [http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf PDF] {{Wayback|url=http://cascourses.uoregon.edu/geog471/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/Lemon.pdf |date=20130123135724 }} * {{cite book |last=Lien, Ph.D. |first=Arnold Johnson |title=Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law, Volume 54 |ref=Lien |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co., Agents, London; [[Columbia University]], New York |year=1913 |page=604 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=UYpVAAAAYAAJ }} * {{cite book |author=Karen Woods Weierman|title=One Nation, One Blood: Interracial Marriage In American Fiction, Scandal, And Law, 1820–1870 |url=https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie|year=2005|publisher=[[University of Massachusetts Press]]|isbn=978-1-55849-483-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/onenationonebloo0000weie/page/214 214]}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=24mIQuLBuN8C&pg=PA44 Book] * Website sources{{cite book |last=Levenstein |first=Harvey |title=Revolution at the Table: The Transformation of the American Diet |url=https://archive.org/details/revolutionattabl0000leve_d6o6 |ref=Levenstein |publisher=University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles |year=2003 |isbn=0-520-23439-1 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Mann |first1=Kaarin |year=2007 |ref=Mann |title=Interracial Marriage In Early America: Motivation and the Colonial Project |journal=Michigan Journal of History |issue=Fall |publisher=University of Michigan |url=http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515063053/http://www.umich.edu/~historyj/docs/2007-fall/Interracial_Marriage_in_Early_America_Mann.pdf |archivedate=2013-05-15 |deadurl=yes |access-date=2015-02-09 }} * {{cite book |last=Price |first=David A. |ref=Price |title=Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Start of a New Nation |url=https://archive.org/details/lovehateinjamest00pric |publisher=Random House |year=2003}} [http://books.google.com/books?id=_EFbS_7fFcYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false eBook version] * {{cite book |last=Quirk |first=Joel |title=The Anti-Slavery Project: From the Slave Trade to Human Trafficking |url=https://archive.org/details/antislaveryproje0000quir |ref=Quirk |year=2011 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-0-8122-4333-8 |page=344 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=qqxK4KlqKYMC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Ranlet |first=Philip |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |ref=Ranlet |publisher=North Eastern University Press |editor=Alden T. Vaughan |pages= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Rausch |first=David A. |title=Native American Voices |url=https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus |ref=Rausch |publisher=Baker Books, Grand Rapids |page=[https://archive.org/details/nativeamericanvo0000raus/page/n180 180] |year=1994 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=iyZMeGMgIgEC&vq=triangle&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Remini |first=Robert V. |title=The House: The History of the House of Representatives |url=https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi |ref=Remini |year=2007 |publisher=HarperCollins |pages=[https://archive.org/details/househistoryo00remi/page/2 2]–3 }}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_House.html?id=CAM6J6IoQFQC Book] * {{cite book |last=Ripper |first=Jason |title=American Stories: To 1877 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp |year=2008 |ref=Ripper2008 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanstoriesl1877ripp/page/n317 299] |isbn=978-0-7656-2903-6 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=vX-fYvoAeHwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Russell |first=John Henderson |title=The Free Negro in Virginia, 1619–1865 |ref=Russell1913 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University |year=1913 |page=196}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=G7AJAAAAIAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s E'Book] * {{cite book |last=Schneider |first= Dorothy |last2= Schneider |first2= Carl J. |title=Slavery in America |ref=Schneider |publisher=Infobase Publishing |year=2007 |page=554 |isbn=978-1-4381-0813-1}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=QlemwRTsY20C&vq=census&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Schultz |first=David Andrew |title=Encyclopedia of the United States Constitution |ref=Schultz |year=2009 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |page=904 |isbn=978-1-4381-2677-7}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=f7m713xwK58C&vq=twenty+seven+times&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Simonson |first=Peter |title=Refiguring Mass Communication: A History |url=https://archive.org/details/refiguringmassco0000simo |ref=Simonson |year=2010 |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |quote=He held high the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the nation's unofficial motto, ''e pluribus unum'', even as he was recoiling from the party system in which he had long participated. |location=Urbana |isbn=978-0-252-07705-0 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=N6lrAmPlbvIC&pg=PA79&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false Book] * {{cite book |last=Smith |first= Andrew F. |year=2004 |title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America'' |ref=Smith2004 |publisher=New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 131–32. ISBN 0-19-515437-1}} * {{cite book |last=Soss |first=Joe |editor-last=Hacker |editor-first=Jacob S. |editor2-last=Mettler |editor2-first=Suzanne |ref=Soss |title=Remaking America: Democracy and Public Policy in an Age of Inequality |year=2010 |publisher=Russell Sage Foundation |isbn=978-1-61044-694-5 |pages=}}, [http://books.google.com/?id=JttyjBoyb3AC&lpg=PA12 Book] * {{cite book |ref=Tadman |last=Tadman |first=Michael |title=The Demographic Cost of Sugar: Debates on Slave Societies and Natural Increase in the Americas |journal=American Historical Review |volume=105 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |issue=5}}, [http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2652029?uid=3739560&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&purchase-type=article&accessType=RR&sid=21102125115943&showMyJstorPss=false&seq=1&showAccess=true Article] * {{cite book |ref=Taylor |last=Taylor |first=Alan |title=American Colonies: The Settling of North America |publisher=Penguin Books, New York |editor=Eric Foner |year=2002 |isbn=0-670-87282-2}}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=NPoAQRgkrOcC&vq=1670&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite book |last=Thornton |first=Russell |title=American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492 |url=https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0 |series=Volume 186 of Civilization of the American Indian Series |year=1987 |ref=Thornton |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-2220-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/americanindianho00thor_0/page/49 49] }}, [http://books.google.com/?id=9iQYSQ9y60MC&lpg=PA49 Book] * {{cite book|last=Tooze|first=Adam|authorlink=Adam Tooze|year=2006|title=[[The Wages of Destruction|The Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy]]|location=London|publisher=Allen Lane|isbn=978-0-7139-9566-4|ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Vaughan |first=Alden T. |ref=Vaughan |title=New England Encounters: Indians and Euroamericans Ca. 1600–1850 |publisher=North Eastern University Press |page= |year=1999}} * {{cite book |last=Walton |first=Gary M. |last2=Rockoff |first2=Hugh |title=History of the American Economy |year=2009 |ref=Walton |publisher=Cengage Learning}}, [http://books.google.com/books/about/History_of_the_American_Economy_With_Acc.html?id=lyhI1q_E4G0C Book] * {{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Daniel K. |year=2012 |ref=Williams |title=Questioning Conservatism's Ascendancy: A Reexamination of the Rightward Shift in Modern American Politics; {Reviews in American History} |volume=40 |issue=2 |pages=325–331 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press }} * {{cite book | author=Winchester, Simon |title=The men who United the States |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602| year=2013|publisher=Harper Collins | isbn=978-0-06-207960-2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780062079602/page/198 198], 216, 251, 253 }} * {{cite book |last=Zinn |first=Howard |authorlink=Howard Zinn |title=[[A People's History of the United States]] |ref=Zinn |year=2005 |publisher=[[Harper Perennial|Harper Perennial Modern Classics]]|location= |isbn=0-06-083865-5 |pages=321–357}} {{refend}} * {{CIA World Factbook link|us|United States}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-16761057 United States], from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=US Key Development Forecasts for the United States] from [[International Futures]] ;Serikali * [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to government sites * [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives * [http://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate * [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States ;Historia * [http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical Documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research * [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }} Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance * [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data ;Ramani * [http://nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] {{Wayback|url=http://nationalatlas.gov/ |date=20060720093336 }} Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior * {{wikiatlas|the United States}} * [http://www.measureofamerica.org/maps/ Measure of America] A variety of mapped information relating to health, education, income, and demographics for the U.S. ;Vingine * {{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1217752.stm |title=''Country Profile: United States of America'' |ref=BBC18may |work=BBC News |location =London |date=April 22, 2008 |accessdate=May 18, 2008}} * {{cite web |author=Cohen, Eliot A. |ref=Cohen |location=Washington D.C. |url= http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/59919/eliot-a-cohen/history-and-the-hyperpower |title=''History and the Hyperpower'' |work=Foreign Affairs |date=July–August 2004 |accessdate=July 14, 2006}} * {{cite web |title=Slavery and the Slave Trade in Rhode Island |ref=Brown |url=http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library/jcbexhibit/Pages/exhibSlavery.html}} * {{cite web |url= http://www.treasury.gov/about/education/Pages/in-god-we-trust.aspx |title=History of "In God We Trust" |ref=God |publisher=U.S. Department of the Treasury |date=March 8, 2011 |accessdate=February 23, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |title=''Early History, Native Americans, and Early Settlers in Mercer County'' |year=427 |ref=Mercer |publisher=Mercer County Historical Society |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625185429/http://www.mchspa.org/body.htm |archivedate=2012-06-25 |accessdate=2015-02-09 }}, [http://books.google.com/books?id=2MjxPJ9W4gwC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Book] * {{cite news |title=Looking back 20 years: Who deserves credit for ending the Cold War? |author=Nick Hayes |ref=Hayes |url=http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2009/11/looking-back-20-years-who-deserves-credit-ending-cold-war |newspaper=MinnPost |date=November 6, 2009 |accessdate=March 11, 2013}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.ushistory.org/us/59e.asp |title=59e. The End of the Cold War |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |work=U.S. History.org |ref=ushistory13|publisher=Independence Hall Association |accessdate=March 10, 2013}} * {{cite book |last=Levy |first=Peter B. |ref=Levy1996 |title=Encyclopedia of the Reagan-Bush Years |url=http://books.google.com/?id=7veohk0fkLYC&lpg=PA88 |year=1996 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn= 978-0-313-29018-3 |page=442}} * {{cite journal |last1=Wallander |first1=Celeste A. |year=2003 |ref=Wallander2003 |title=Western Policy and the Demise of the Soviet Union |journal=[[Journal of Cold War Studies]] |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=137–177 |publisher=[[President and Fellows of Harvard College]] and the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] }} {{refend}} {{Marekani}} {{Amerika Kaskazini}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Amerika ya Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Marekani| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G7]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G8]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G20]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] qlrcdk95fu4qpdvn2kkf8wnfivnibn6 Mongolia 0 4098 1544113 1497687 2026-05-16T06:08:54Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] 1544113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country| native_name = Монгул Улс<br />Mongol Uls | conventional_long_name = Jamhuri ya Mongolia | common_name = Mongolia | image_flag = Flag_of_Mongolia.svg | image_coat =State_emblem_of_Mongolia.svg | image_map = Mongolia in its region.svg | national_motto = "Dayar Mongol"| national_anthem = ''[[Bügd Nairamdakh Mongol]]'' | official_languages = KiMongolia | capital = [[Ulaanbaatar]] | latd=47|latm=55|latNS=N|longd=106|longm=53|longEW=E | largest_city = [[Ulaanbaatar]] | government_type= [[Demokrasia ya kibunge]] | leader_titles = [[Rais wa Mongolia|Rais]] <br />[[Waziri Mkuu]] | leader_names = [[Khaltmaagiin Battulga]] <br />[[Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene]] | area_rank = 18th | area_magnitude = 1 E12 | area=1,564,116 | areami?=603,909 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 0.43 | population_estimate = 3,504,741 | population_estimate_year = Januari 2023 | population_estimate_rank = 131st | population_census= 2,650,952 | population_census_year= 2000| population_density = 2.24 | population_densitymi? = 5.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] -->| population_density_rank= 238th | GDP_PPP_year=2005 | GDP_PPP =$6.01 bilioni |<!--cia.gov --> GDP_PPP_rank = 153rd | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,175 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 137th | HDI_year = 2003 | HDI = 0.679 | HDI_rank = 114th | HDI_category = <font color="#FFCC00">medium</font> | sovereignty_type = [[Uhuru]] | established_events = Kutangazwa| established_dates = Kutoka [[Uchina]]<br />[[11 Julai]] [[1921]] | currency = [[Tugrug]] | currency_code = MNT | time_zone= | utc_offset= +7 | time_zone_DST= | utc_offset_DST= +8 | cctld= [[.mn]] | calling_code = 976| footnotes = }} '''Mongolia''' ([[Kimongolia]]: ''Монгол Улс, Mongol Uls'') ni nchi isiyo na pwani iliyoko [[Asia ya Mashariki]] na Kati, ikipakana na [[Urusi]] upande wa kaskazini na [[China]] upande wa kusini, mashariki, na magharibi; kufikia mwaka 2024, ina idadi ya watu inayokadiriwa kuwa takriban milioni 3.5, jambo linaloifanya kuwa mojawapo ya nchi zenye msongamano mdogo zaidi wa watu duniani. Mji mkuu wake na pia mji mkubwa zaidi ni [[Ulaanbaatar]], huku nchi ikigawanywa katika majimbo 21 yanayojulikana kama aimag, na [[lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kimongolia]]. == Jiografia == [[Picha:Mongolia CIA map.png|thumbnail|left|300px|Ramani ya Mongolia]] Mongolia ni nchi ya [[mbuga]] [[yabisi]], ma[[jangwa]] na [[milima]] inayofikia [[kimo]] cha [[mita]] 4,374 [[juu ya UB]] (Nayramadlin Orgil). Kaskazini mwa nchi kuna ardhi yenye hali ya [[sakitu ya kudumu]] yaani yenye [[halijoto]] chini ya 0 C° ndani yake isiyopoa hata wakati wa [[majira ya joto]]. [[Kusini]] kuna [[jangwa la Gobi|jangwa kubwa la Gobi]]. [[Asilimia]] 10 pekee za nchi ina [[misitu]] hasa mlimani na ardhi inayolimika ni 1% tu. === Hali ya hewa === Hali ya hewa ni ya kibara na ina tofauti kubwa. [[Majira]] hubadilishana kuwa na [[joto]] pia [[baridi]] kali. [[Wastani]] wa siku ni kati ya −25&nbsp;°C na +20&nbsp;°C. Hali halisi wakati wa joto [[mchana]] kuna joto kali lakini usiku huwa baridi. [[Usimbishaji]] una tofauti kubwa kati ya kaskazini na kusini mwa nchi. Kusini ni yabisi zaidi hadi kushuka kwa [[mm]] 100 za mvua pekee kwa mwaka katika jangwa la [[Gobi (jangwa)|Gobi]]. === Miji === [[Miji]] mikubwa ni [[mji mkuu]] [[Ulaanbaatar]] (Улаанбаатар) (takriban wakazi milioni moja - zaidi ya [[theluthi]] ya watu wote wa taifa), halafu [[Erdenet]] (wakazi 79,649), [[Darchan]] (72,386) na [[Choibalsan]] (44,367). ==Historia== Miaka 800 iliyopita nchi hii ilikuwa chanzo cha moja kati ya [[milki]] kubwa kabisa katika [[historia]] wakati ambako [[Chingis Khan]] alipounda [[Milki ya Wamongolia]] iliyoenea kuanzia [[China]] hadi [[Mashariki ya Kati]] na [[Ulaya]]. Hadi mwaka [[1992]] nchi iliitwa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Mongolia na kufuata sera za [[ukomunisti]]. Wakati huo nchi iliteseka pia kutokana na [[Urusishaji]]. ==Watu== Wakazi ni hasa [[Wamongolia]] asili (95.6%), [[Wakazaki]] (3.8%) na wengineo. [[Lugha rasmi]] na ya kawaida ni [[Kimongolia]]. Upande wa [[dini]], [[Wabuddha]] ni 51.7%, [[Waislamu]] ni 3.2%, wafuasi wa [[dini za jadi]] ni 2.5%, [[Wakristo]] ni 1.3%, lakini 40.6% hawana dini yoyote. == Uchumi == [[Uchumi]] wa Mongolia hutegemea hasa [[migodi]] na [[ufugaji]]. Kihistoria Wamongolia walikuwa wafugaji waliohamahama na [[wanyama]] wao na kuishi katika [[hema]]. Tangu [[mapinduzi]] ya mwaka [[1921]] sekta ya migodi na [[viwanda]] ilijengwa. Sekta ya kisasa ya [[biashara]] iko hasa kwenye mji mkuu. Hadi leo karibu [[nusu]] ya wakazi huishi nje ya miji wakifuatana na wanyama wao ambao ni hasa [[kondoo]], [[mbuzi]], [[ng'ombe]], [[farasi]] na [[ngamia]]. [[Kilimo]] kipo mahali pachache kufuatana na tabia yabisi ya nchi. Wakati wa baridi sehemu kubwa ya wafugaji hukaa [[kijiji|vijijini]] walipojenga [[nyumba]]. Migodi ni hasa [[makaa mawe]], [[shaba]], [[bai]] na [[dhahabu]]. == Tazama pia == * [[Mikoa ya Mongolia]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] == Viungo vya nje == {{commons|Mongolia}} ; Serikali * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090316081323/http://www.pmis.gov.mn/gov_eng.htm Official Website of the Government Organizations of Mongolia] {{en}} {{ru}} * [http://www.pmis.gov.mn/pmis_eng/index.php Mongolia Government Overview] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pmis.gov.mn/pmis_eng/index.php |date=20101210081632 }} {{mn}} * [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-m/mongolia.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-m/mongolia.html |date=20090114082958 }} ; General information * {{CIA World Factbook link|mg|Mongolia}} * [http://www.welcometomongolia.com/ Mongolian tourism website ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.welcometomongolia.com/ |date=20150120150530 }} * [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mongolia.htm Mongolia] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mongolia.htm |date=20080607085250 }} at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * {{dmoz|Regional/Asia/Mongolia}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15460525 Mongolia profile] from the [[BBC News]] * [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/389335/Mongolia Mongolia] at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' * {{wikiatlas|Mongolia}} * [http://wrestlingroots.org/ Wrestling Roots] * [http://www.countryreports.org/country/mongolia.htm Mongolia, Facts and Culture – from CountryReports.org] * [http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/ Official Tourism Website of Mongolia] {{Webarchive|url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20081025161139/http%3A//www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/ |date=2008-10-25 }} {{Asia}} {{Mbegu-jio-Asia}} [[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]] [[Jamii:Mongolia| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] f2e38xkgajisbkyec8ny0mdybik1h2k Guatemala 0 4128 1543951 1506736 2026-05-15T21:21:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |native_name = ''República de Guatemala'' |conventional_long_name = Jamhuri ya Guatemala |common_name = Guatemala |image_flag = Flag of Guatemala.svg |image_coat = Coat of arms of Guatemala.svg |image_map = LocationGuatemala.png |national_motto = [[Kihispania]]: ''El País de la Eterna Primavera''<br /> (maana yake: "Nchi ya Kivuli cha Milele") |national_anthem = [[Himno Nacional de Guatemala]] |official_languages = [[Kihispania]] (rasmi)<br />(lugha za asili 23 zimetambuliwa rasmi lakini mambo yote huendeshwa kwa Kihispania) |capital = [[Guatemala City]] |latd=14 |latm=38 |latNS=N |longd=90 |longm=33 |longEW=W |largest_city = [[Guatemala City]] |government_type = [[Jamhuri ya kirais]] |leader_titles = [[Rais wa Guatemala|Rais]] |leader_names = [[Bernardo Arévalo]] |area_rank = 106th |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |area= 108,890 |areami²= 42,042 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |percent_water = 0.4 |population_estimate = 18,917, 714<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/|título=The World Factbook|autor=Agencia Central de Inteligencia|año=2023|idioma=Inglés|title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2024-01-15|archive-date=2021-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104183935/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |population_estimate_rank = 69th |population_estimate_year = Julai 2023 |population_census = |population_census_year = |population_density = 173,7 |population_densitymi² = 348.6 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |population_density_rank = |GDP_PPP = $62.78 bilioni |GDP_PPP_rank = 71st |GDP_PPP_year= 2005 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,155 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 116th |sovereignty_type = [[Uhuru wa Guatemala|Uhuru]] |established_events = Tarehe |established_dates = Kutoka [[Hispania]]<br />[[15 Septemba]] [[1821]] |HDI = 0.663 |HDI_rank = 117th |HDI_year = 2075 |HDI_category = <font color="#FFCC00">medium</font> |currency = [[Quetzal]] |currency_code = GTQ |country_code = |time_zone = |utc_offset = -6 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |cctld = [[.gt]] |calling_code = 502 |footnotes = }} '''Guatemala''' (pia '''Gwatemala'''; kutoka [[lugha]] ya [[Kinahuatl]] '''Cuauhtēmallān''', "kwenye miti mingi") ni nchi ya [[Amerika ya Kati]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari]] ya [[Pasifiki]] upande wa [[Magharibi]], na [[Atlantiki]] upande wa [[Mashariki]], tena na nchi za [[Mexiko]], [[Belize]], [[Honduras]] na [[El Salvador]]. [[Picha:San andres xecul church 2009.JPG|thumb|300px|[[Kanisa]] la [[San Andrés Xecul]].]] Eneo lake ni [[km2]] 108,889 ambamo wanaishi watu 17,980,803 ([[2023]]). ==Watu== [[Picha:Chichicastenango Market, Guatemala (4151728227).jpg|thumb|300px]] Wakazi wengi (56%) ni ma[[chotara]] waliotokana na [[Waindio]] na [[Wazungu]] au watu wenye asili ya [[Ulaya]] tu. Waindio wenyewe ni 43.4%. [[Lugha rasmi]] na inayotumika zaidi (69.9%) ni [[Kihispania]], lakini zipo pia nyingine 23 za wakazi asili. Upande wa [[dini]], wakazi wengi ni wafuasi wa [[Yesu]] katika [[Kanisa Katoliki]] (45%) na [[madhehebu]] mengine ya [[Ukristo]], hasa ya [[Uprotestanti]] (42%). [[Asilimia]] 11 hawana dini. [[Picha:GT056-Antigua Volcano2.jpeg|thumb]] [[Picha:Guatemala National Palace of Culture.jpg|thumb]] [[Picha:Isla de Flores, Petén, vista aérea.jpg|thumb]] [[Picha:San Diego volcano.jpg|thumb]] [[Picha:QuiriguáGlyphs1.jpg|thumb]] [[Picha:Puerto Quetzal at dawn.jpg|thumb]] [[Picha:Quetzaltenango city hall area 2009.JPG|thumb]] [[Picha:Semuc Champey, Guatemala.jpg|thumb]] ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] == Marejeo == {{refbegin|3}} * {{cite book|last1=Adas|first1=M.|authorformat=scap|last2=Stearns|first2=|last3=Schwarz|first3=S.B.|title=Turbulent Passage: A Global History of the Twentieth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/turbulentpassage0000adas_i6s7|edition=4th|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ|publisher=Pearson Education|year=2009|ref=harv|isbn=978-0205700325}} * {{cite book |last=Aguirre |first=Lily |authorformat=scap|title=The land of eternal spring: Guatemala, my beautiful country |year=1949 |publisher=Patio Press |page=253 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=LodnAAAAMAAJ|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|first={{aut|Rafael}}|last={{aut|Arévalo Martinez}}|title=¡Ecce Pericles!|publisher= Tipografía Nacional|location=Guatemala|year= 1945|ref=harv|language=Spanish|url=http://www.scribd.com/doc/190285559/Arevalo-Martinez-Ecce-Pericles#scribd}} * {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/concordatoen00unseguat|last=Aycinena|first=Pedro de|authorformat=scap|author-link=Pedro de Aycinena|title=Concordato entre la Santa Sede y el presidente de la República de Guatemala|publisher=Imprenta La Paz|year=1854|location=Guatemala|language=Latín y Español|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last=Baily|first=John|authorformat=scap|title=Central America; Describing Each of the States of Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica|year=1850|publisher=Trelawney Saunders|location=London|page=55|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7306/view/1/55/|ref=harv}} * {{cite web|author=Banco de Guatemala|url=http://www.banguat.gob.gt/inc/ver.asp?id=/en/currency%20and%20bills/Monedas%20y%20Billetes%20Translation.htm&e=18108|title=Ilustraciones de Cada una de las 11 Denominaciones. Anverso y Reverso|website=Banguat.gob.gt|language=Spanish|date=29 December 1996|accessdate=22 September 2013|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070607011018/http://www.banguat.gob.gt/inc/ver.asp?id=%2Fen%2Fcurrency%20and%20bills%2FMonedas%20y%20Billetes%20Translation.htm&e=18108|archivedate=2007-06-07}} * {{cite book|last=Calvert|first=Peter|authorformat=scap|title=Guatemala: A Nation in Turmoil|url=https://archive.org/details/guatemalanationi0000calv|location=Boulder, CO|publisher=Westview Press|year=1985|ref=harv|isbn=978-0865315723}} * {{cite book|last=Campbell|first=Lyle|authorformat=scap|year=1997|title=American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America|url=https://archive.org/details/americanindianla0000camp|location=New York, NY|publisher=Oxford University Press|ISBN=0-19-509427-1|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last={{aut|Chapman}}|first={{aut|Peter}}|title=Bananas: How the United Fruit Company Shaped the World|publisher =Canongate|location=NY|year= 2007|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|title=Colonisation du district de Santo-Thomas de Guatemala par la Communauté de l'Union|author=Compagnie Belge de Colonisation|authorformat=scap|series=Collection de renseignements publiés ou recueillis par la Compagnie|publisher=Original held and digitised by the British Library|year=1844|language=French|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baie_et_Port_de_Santo_Thomas.jpg|ref=harv}} *{{cite web |author=Conservation International|authorformat=scap|title= Biodiversity Hotspots-Mesoamerica-Overview |website= Conservation International |url= http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/xp/Hotspots/mesoamerica/|accessdate=1 February 2007|year=2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704190529/http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/xp/hotspots/Mesoamerica|archivedate=4 July 2008|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|first=Allan|last=Cooper|year=2008|title=The Geography of Genocide|authorformat=scap|publisher=[[University Press of America]]|ISBN=0761840974|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uyh8kdcuA1kC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA171#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 171|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last={{aut|de Aerenlund}}|first={{aut|C.}}|title=Voyage to an Unknown Land: The saga of an Italian Family from Lombardy to Guatemala |year= 2006|ISBN= 1-4257-0187-6|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last={{aut|Dosal}}|first={{aut|Paul J.}}|title=Doing Business with the Dictators: A Political History of United Fruit in Guatemala|location= Wilmington, Delaware|publisher=Scholarly Resources Inc.|year=1993|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last=Foster|first=Lynn V.|authorformat=scap|year=2000|title=A Brief History of Central America|url=https://archive.org/details/briefhistoryofce0000fost_p8b3|location=New York, NY|publisher=Facts On File, Inc.|ISBN=0-8160-3962-3|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last=Gleijeses|first=Piero|authorformat=scap|title=Shattered hope: the Guatemalan revolution and the United States, 1944-1954 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=United States|year=1992 |isbn=9780691025568 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=mS7ZVKa6i3AC&pg=PA134|ref=harv}} * {{cite news|newspaper= La idea liberal|title=Upcoming presidential elections|publisher=Guatemala|year=1898|ref=harv|language=Spanish|location=Guatemala|last={{aut|Gómez C.}}|first={{aut|Enrique}}|author-link=Enrique Gómez Carrillo}} * {{cite news|newspaper= [[Diario de Centro América]] | title = Interview from Enrique Gómez Carrillo with His Excellency, President Manuel Estrada Cabrera | year = 1898|ref=harv|location=Guatemala|last={{aut|Gómez Carrillo}}|first={{aut|Enrique}}|author-link=Enrique Gómez Carrillo|language=Spanish}} * {{cite book|last=González Davison|first=Fernando|authorformat=scap|year=2008|title=La montaña infinita; Carrera, caudillo de Guatemala|publisher=Artemis y Edinter|location=Guatemala|isbn=84-89452-81-4|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite web|author=Guateantaño|authorformat=scap|url=http://guatepalabras.blogspot.com/2011/10/parques-y-plazas-antiguas-de-guatemala.html|title=Parques y plazas antiguas de Guatemala|website=Guatepalabras Blogspot|location=Guatemala|date=17 October 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127212910/http://guatepalabras.blogspot.com/2011/10/parques-y-plazas-antiguas-de-guatemala.html|archivedate=27 January 2015|ref=harv}} * {{cite news|last=Hernández de León|first=Federico|authorformat=scap|author-link=Federico Hernández de León|title=El capítulo de las efemérides: José Milla y Rafael Carrera|newspaper= Diario La Hora|year=1959|location=Guatemala|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last=Hernández de León|first=Federico|authorformat=scap|title=El libro de las efemérides|volume=Tomo III|publisher=Tipografía Sánchez y de Guise|location=Guatemala|year=1930|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite web|author=Instituto Nacional de Estadística|authorformat=scap|url=http://www.ine.gob.gt/index.php/estadisticas/tema-indicadores |title=Poblacion de Guatemala (Demografía) | website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) |location=Guatemala| year=2014|language=Spanish|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314175005/http://www.ine.gob.gt/index.php/estadisticas/tema-indicadores|archivedate=14 March 2014}} * {{cite web |author=International Monetary Fund|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&pr.y=18&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=258&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |year=2013|title=Guatemala |website=International Monetary Fund online|accessdate=18 April 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234851/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&pr.y=18&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=258&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|archivedate=5 July 2014|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last=Marroquín Rojas|first=Clemente|authorformat=scap|title=Francisco Morazán y Rafael Carrera|publisher=Piedrasanta|location=Guatemala|year=1971|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite journal|last=Martínez Peláez|first=Severo|authorformat=scap|title=Racismo y Análisis Histórico de la Definición del Indio Guatemalteco|publisher=Universitaria|location=Guatemala|year=1988|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last=Martínez Peláez|first=Severo|authorformat=scap|title=La patria del criollo; ensayo de interpretación de la realidad colonial guatemalteca|year=1990|location=México|publisher=Ediciones en Marcha|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last= Mendoza|first=Juan Manuel|authorformat=scap|title = Biografía de Enrique Gómez Carrillo: su vida, su obra y su época|edition=2nd|publisher = Tipografía Nacional|location=Guatemala|year = 1946|ref=harv|language=Spanish}} * {{cite journal|last=Miceli|first=Keith|authorformat=scap|title=Rafael Carrera: Defender and Promoter of Peasant Interests in Guatemala, 1837–1848|journal=The Americas|publisher=Academy of American Franciscan History|volume=31|issue=1|year=1974|jstor=980382|ref=harv}} * Minster, Christofer. [http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/presidentscentralamerica/p/09JRCarrera.htm Biography of Rafael Carrera] {{Wayback|url=http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/presidentscentralamerica/p/09JRCarrera.htm |date=20140319045312 }}. * {{cite news|url=http://servicios.prensalibre.com/pl/domingo/archivo/revistad/2005/noviembre05/201105/dfondo.shtml|title = Yo, el Supremo|last={{aut|Montenegro}}|first={{aut|Gustavo Adolfo}}|newspaper = Revista Domigo de Prensa Libre|year=2005|accessdate = 20 July 2014|ref=harv|language=Spanish|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006081159/http://servicios.prensalibre.com/pl/domingo/archivo/revistad/2005/noviembre05/201105/dfondo.shtml|archivedate=6 October 2014}} * {{cite book|last=Montúfar|first=Lorenzo|authorformat=scap|first2=Ramón A.|last2=Salazar|publisher=Tipografía Nacional|title=El centenario del general Francisco Morazán|year=1892|location=Guatemala|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite web|author=Rain Forest Wordpress|url =http://rainforestcentralamerica.wordpress.com/2013/04/04/guatemala-rainforest-fact/ |title=Guatemala Rainforest Interesting fact &#124; rainforest facts |website=Rainforestcentralamerica.wordpress.com |date=4 April 2013|accessdate=22 September 2013|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last=Rosa|first=Ramón|authorformat=scap|author-link=Ramón Rosa|title=Historia del Benemérito Gral. Don Francisco Morazán, ex Presidente de la República de Centroamérica|publisher=Ministerio de Educación Pública, Ediciones Técnicas Centroamericana|location=Tegucigalpa|year=1974|url=http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/historia-del-benemerito-gral-don-francisco-morazan-ex-presidente-de-la-republica-de-centroamerica/|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|url=http://www.albedrio.org/htm/documentos/EstudioFranjaTransversalNorteCEDFOG.pdf|last=Solano|first=Luis|title=Contextualización histórica de la Franja Transversal del Norte (FTN)|publisher=Centro de Estudios y Documentación de la Frontera Occidental de Guatemala, CEDFOG|year=2012|accessdate=31 October 2014|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113172058/http://www.albedrio.org/htm/documentos/EstudioFranjaTransversalNorteCEDFOG.pdf|archivedate=13 November 2014}} * {{cite book|last1=Stephens|first1=John Lloyd|last2=Catherwood|first2=Frederick|authorformat=scap|url=https://archive.org/details/incidentstravel00cathgoog|title=Incidents of travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan|ref=harv|publisher=Arthur Hall, Virtue and Co.|year=1854|location=[[London]], [[England]]}} * {{cite book|first=Arturo|last=Taracena|authorformat=scap|title=Invención criolla, sueño ladino, pesadilla indigena, Los Altos de Guatemala: de región a Estado, 1740–1871|location=Guatemala|publisher=Biblioteca básica de historia de Guatemala|year=2011|edition=3rd|isbn=978-9929-587-42-7|url=http://www.afehc-historia-centroamericana.org/index.php?action=fi_aff&id=244|language=Spanish|ref=harv|accessdate=2015-02-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109073146/http://www.afehc-historia-centroamericana.org/index.php?action=fi_aff&id=244|archivedate=2016-01-09}} * {{cite book|last=Torres Espinoza|first=Enrique|authorformat=scap|title = Enrique Gómez Carrillo, el cronista errante|edition=2nd| publisher = Artemis-Edinter|location=Guatemala|year = 2007|language=Spanish|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last1=Trigger|first1=Bruce G.|last2=Washburn|first2=Wilcomb E.|last3=Adams|first3=Richard E. W.|authorformat=scap|title=The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas|year=2000|ref=harv}} * {{cite web|author=Troika study abroad programs|authorformat=scap|url=http://ccidinc.org/programs/countries.php?country_id_number=3|title=Guatemala|website=Community colleges for international development|year=2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918111113/http://ccidinc.org/programs/countries.php?country_id_number=3|archivedate=18 September 2010|accessdate=12 June 2012|ref=harv}} * {{cite web |author=United Nations|authorformat=scap|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Tables.pdf |title=Human Development Report 2011; Statistical annex|year=2011 |website=United Nations online|accessdate=22 December 2011|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111110322/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Tables.pdf|archivedate=11 January 2012}} * {{cite journal|first=Frederic S.|last=Weaver|authorformat=scap|title=Reform and (Counter) Revolution in Post-Independence Guatemala: Liberalism, Conservatism, and Postmodern Controversies|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_latin-american-perspectives_1999-03_26_2/page/129|journal=Latin American Perspectives|volume=26|issue= 2|jstor=2634298|date=March 1999 |pages=129–158|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|first=Douglas R.|last=White|authorformat=scap|url=http://eclectic.ss.uci.edu/~drwhite/pub/core11Casasola.pdf|title=The Marriage Core of the Elite Network of Colonial Guatemala|year=2002|publisher=University of California, Irvine, School of Social Sciences|location=Irvine, CA|ref=harv|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041210031143/http://eclectic.ss.uci.edu/~drwhite/pub/core11Casasola.pdf|archivedate=10 December 2004}} * {{cite book|last1=Woodward|first1=Ralph Lee|authorformat=scap|title=Rafael Carrera and the Emergence of the Republic of Guatemala, 1821–1871|location=Athens, GA|publisher=University of Georgia Press|year=1993|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/books/9780820343600|isbn=978-0820314488|ref=harv}} {{refend}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons}} *[http://uzonreport.com/?page_id=124 Guatemala After the War 1996–2000, Photographs by Jorge Uzon] {{Wayback|url=http://uzonreport.com/?page_id=124 |date=20130117025729 }} *[http://www.latitudylongitud.com/ Guatemala Map Search with Longitude and Latitude] {{Wayback|url=http://www.latitudylongitud.com/ |date=20180309063237 }} *[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/701217/Guatemala Guatemala&nbsp;– Country Article] Encyclopædia Britannica *[http://www.guatemala.gob.gt/ Government of Guatemala] {{es icon}} *[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-g/guatemala.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-g/guatemala.html |date=20081210073759 }} *{{CIA World Factbook link|gt|Guatemala}} *[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/guatemala.htm Guatemala] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/guatemala.htm |date=20080607084913 }} at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''. *{{dmoz|Regional/Central_America/Guatemala}} *[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1215758.stm Guatemala profile] from the [[BBC News]]. *{{Wikiatlas|Guatemala}} *[http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=GT Key Development Forecasts for Guatemala] from [[International Futures]]. *[http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/guatemala/ The National Security Archive: Guatemala Project] * [http://www.inguat.gob.gt/ Guatemala Tourism Commission]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *[http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/GTM/Year/2012/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Guatemala] * [http://www.pbase.com/perrona/faces_of_central_america Photo Guatemala] {{Amerika Kaskazini}} {{Mbegu-jio-AmerikaKati}} [[Jamii:Guatemala| ]] 5xj7euuh72lset4ab8uzprqs2ayxrzs Ugiriki 0 6754 1543680 1527760 2026-05-15T12:26:51Z Gayle157 73366 /* */ [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]][[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] 1543680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_asili = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"> Ελληνική Δημοκρατία<br />''Ellinikí Dimokratía''</span> |conventional_long_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;">Demokrasia ya Ugiriki</span> |common_name = Greece |bendera = Flag of Greece.svg |nembo = Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg |symbol_type = Nembo |ramani = EU-Greece (orthographic projection).svg |kauli_mbiu = Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος <br />(Eleftheria i thanatos - "Uhuru au mauti") |wimbo = Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν - "Wimbo la Uhuru" |lugha_rasmi = [[Kigiriki]] |mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Athens]] |latd=38| latm=00| latNS=N| longd=23| longm=43| longEW=E |serikali = [[Jamhuri]] |vyeo_viongozi = [[Rais wa Ugiriki|Rais]]<br />[[Waziri Mkuu wa Ugiriki|Waziri Mkuu]] |viongozi = [[Katerina Sakellaropoulou]] (Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου)<br /> [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]] (Κυριάκος Μητσοτάκης) |accessionEUdate = [[1 Januari]] [[1981]] |area_rank = ya 95 |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |eneo_jumla = 131,957 |areami² = 50,944 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |asilimia_maji = 1.51 |watu_kadirio = 10,678,632 |cheo_kadirio = 85 |mwaka_kadirio= 2021 |watu_sensa = 10,816,286 |mwaka_sensa = 2012 |msongamano = 77 |population_densitymi² = 212 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |cheo_msongamano = ya 120 |plt_ppp = {{increase}} $467.59 billioni <!--IMF--> |cheo_plt_ppp = 54 |mwaka_plt_ppp = 2025 |plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $23,518 |cheo_plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = 30 |mwaka_plt = 2025 |plt = {{increase}} $267.35 bilion |plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $25,756 |muundo_uhuru = Uhuru kutoka [[Milki ya Osmani]] |tukio1 = Ilitangazwa |tukio2 =Ilitambuliwa |tukio1_tarehe = [[25 Machi]] [[1821]] |tukio2_tarehe= 1829 |hdi = {{increase}} 0.908 </br> - {{juu sana}} |cheo = 34 |mwaka_hdi = 2023 |sarafu = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>2</sup> |majira_saa = +2 [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |time_zone_DST = [[EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |tld = [[.gr]] |msimbo_simu = 30 }} '''Ugiriki''', pia '''Uyunani''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]] cha kisasa: Ελλάδα, Ellada, au Ελλάς, Ellas), rasmi kama '''Jamhuri ya Hellena''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko Kusini-Mashariki mwa [[Ulaya]], ikipakana na [[Albania]] kaskazini-magharibi, [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] na [[Bulgaria]] kaskazini, na [[Uturuki]] mashariki. Kwa upande wa kusini na magharibi, imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Mediterania]], [[Bahari ya Aegean]], na [[Bahari ya Ionia]]. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 10.4, ikiwa ya 87 duniani. Mji wake mkuu na mkubwa zaidi ni [[Athens]]. Ugiriki imegawanyika katika [[jimbo|majimbo]] 13 ya kiutawala. Inajulikana kwa [[historia]] yake ndefu ya [[ustaarabu]] wa kale, hasa Dola ya Kigiriki na michango yake katika [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], na [[sanaa]]. Pia ni mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] na [[NATO]]. Ugiriki ina moja ya [[Historia ya Ugiriki|historia za kale zaidi]] zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na hutambuliwa sana kama chimbuko la [[ustaarabu]] wa Magharibi. [[Mji-dola|Miji-dola]] ya kale ya [[Kigiriki]] kama [[Athene]] na [[Sparta]] ilichukua nafasi kubwa katika maendeleo ya [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], [[fasihi]], [[hisabati]], na mawazo ya kisiasa. <ref name="Britannica_Greece_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Greece/History |author=Richard Clogg |title=History of Greece |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Baada ya vipindi vya utawala wa [[Warumi]], [[Wabisanti]], na Waothmania, taifa la kisasa la Ugiriki liliibuka katika [[karne ya 19]] baada ya Vita vya Uhuru vya Ugiriki dhidi ya [[Dola ya Ottoman]]. Baadaye Ugiriki ilipanuka kieneo na kuwa jamhuri baada ya vipindi vya ufalme, vita, na mabadiliko ya kisiasa katika [[karne ya 20]]. <ref name="BBC_Greece_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17373241 |title=Greece country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ugiriki#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Ugiriki]] umeainishwa kama uchumi mchanganyiko uliostawi na unategemea sana [[huduma]], [[utalii]], usafirishaji wa baharini, na biashara. <ref name="OECD_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/greece.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: Greece |website=oecd.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utalii]] ni moja ya sekta muhimu zaidi za uchumi wa nchi hiyo, ukiungwa mkono na maeneo ya kihistoria, visiwa vya [[Mediterania]], na maeneo ya mapumziko ya pwani yanayovutia mamilioni ya watalii wa kimataifa kila mwaka. Ugiriki pia ina moja ya meli kubwa zaidi za biashara duniani, jambo linalofanya usafiri wa baharini kuwa mchangiaji mkubwa wa uchumi wa taifa. <ref name="WFB_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#economy |title=Greece - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kilimo]] bado kina umuhimu katika baadhi ya maeneo, huku bidhaa kama zeituni, mafuta ya zeituni, zabibu, matunda ya machungwa, na bidhaa za uvuvi zikichangia mauzo ya nje. Utamaduni wa Kigiriki umeathiri sana [[ustaarabu]] wa dunia kupitia mchango wake katika [[falsafa]], tamthilia, usanifu, [[sayansi]], na sanaa. <ref name="UNESCO_Greece_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gr |title=Greece: Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List |website=unesco.org |publisher=UNESCO |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Lugha ya [[Kigiriki]] ina moja ya historia ndefu zaidi zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na inaendelea kuwa sehemu muhimu ya utambulisho wa taifa. Idadi kubwa ya watu ni [[Wagiriki]] wa kikabila na wengi wao wanafuata [[Ukristo]] wa Kiorthodoksi wa Mashariki, ambao kihistoria umeathiri mila za kijamii na maisha ya umma. <ref name="WFB_Greece_People">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#people-and-society |title=Greece - World Factbook: People and Society |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Ugiriki ya kisasa inaunganisha urithi wa kale wa kitamaduni na ushawishi wa kisasa wa [[Ulaya]], hasa kupitia ushirikiano wake ndani ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. ==Jiografia== Kijiografia huwa na sehemu za Ugiriki bara, [[rasi ya Peloponesi]] upande wa kusini inayounganishwa kwa [[shingo ya nchi]] nyembamba, halafu [[Kisiwa|visiwa]] vingi upande wa [[Bahari ya Aegean]], [[Bahari ya Adria]] na kwenye [[Bahari ya Mediteranea|Mediteranea]] yenyewe. Visiwa vikubwa zaidi ni [[Kreta]], [[Euboea]], [[Lesbo]] na [[Rhodos]]. ==Historia== [[File:The Parthenon in Athens.jpg|thumb|left|[[Parthenon]], katika [[Akropoli]] ya [[Athens]], ni kielelezo cha [[Ugiriki ya Kale|Ugiriki wa Kale]].]] Ugiriki ni nchi yenye [[historia]] ndefu na maarufu sana, hata inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya" na [[kitovu]] cha [[Ustaarabu wa magharibi]], kwa sababu ndipo vilipoanza [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]] ya magharibi, [[fasihi]] ya magharibi, [[historiografia]], [[sayansi ya siasa]], tafiti za [[sayansi]] na [[hisabati]], [[tamthilia]] na [[michezo]] ya [[Michezo ya Olimpiki|Olimpiki]]. Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] tangu [[1981]]. ==Watu== [[Lugha]] ya [[Kigiriki]] inaendelea kuandikwa kwa [[Alfabeti ya Kigiriki]] inayotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 iliyopita, lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] moja kwa moja. Wakazi wengi wanafuata [[dini]] ya [[Ukristo]] (93%), hasa katika [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kigiriki]] (90%), halafu [[Uprotestanti|Waprotestanti]] na [[Kanisa Katoliki|Wakatoliki]]. 2% ni [[Waislamu]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Marejeo== {{refbegin|30em}} * "Minorities in Greece&nbsp;– Historical Issues and New Perspectives". ''History and Culture of South Eastern Europe''. An Annual Journal. München (Slavica) 2003. *{{cite book | title = The Constitution of Greece | url = http://www.hellenicparliament.gr/UserFiles/f3c70a23-7696-49db-9148-f24dce6a27c8/001-156%20aggliko.pdf |access-date=21 March 2011 |year=2008 | publisher = [[Hellenic Parliament]] |location=Athens|isbn= 978-960-560-073-0| others = Paparrigopoulos, Xenophon; Vassilouni, Stavroula (translators)}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Clogg | first = Richard | title = A Concise History of Greece | pages = 10–37 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1992 | edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-521-37228-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H5pyUIY4THYC&q=richard%20clogg%20greece | access-date = 23 March 2016}}, 257 pp. *{{Rejea kitabu | author-link = Richard Clogg| last = Clogg | first = Richard | title= A Concise History of Greece | url = https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00clog_0| edition = 2nd |location= Cambridge | publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]]| orig-year = 1992 | year= 2002 | isbn = 978-0-521-00479-4}}. *{{cite book | last =Dagtoglou | first = PD | title = Constitutional Law&nbsp;– Individual Rights | volume = I | year = 1991 |publisher=Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location=Athens-Komotini |language=el |chapter=Protection of Individual Rights}} *{{Rejea kitabu | first = John Van Antwerp | last = Fine | title = The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century | publisher = University of Michigan Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-472-08149-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C | access-date=23 March 2016}}, 376 pp. * {{cite book|last=Hatzopoulos|first=Marios|title=The making of Modern Greece: Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797–1896)|chapter=From resurrection to insurrection: 'sacred' myths, motifs, and symbols in the Greek War of Independence|year=2009|publisher=Ashgate|editor1-first=Roderick|editor1-last=Beaton|editor2-first=David|editor2-last=Ricks|pages=81–93|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/985519}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Kalaitzidis | first = Akis | year = 2010 | title = Europe's Greece: A Giant in the Making | url = https://archive.org/details/europesgreecegia0000kala | publisher = [[Palgrave Macmillan]]}}, 219 pp. The impact of European Union membership on Greek politics, economics, and society. *{{cite book|last1=Koliopoulos|first1=John S.|last2=Veremis|first2=Thanos M.|title=Greece: The Modern Sequel. From 1831 to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/greecemodernsequ0000koli_o4g4|publisher=Hurst & Co.|year=2002|location=London}} *{{cite journal|last=Kostopoulos|first=Tasos|title=La guerre civile macédonienne de 1903-1908 et ses représentations dans l'historiographie nationale grecque|journal=Cahiers Balkaniques|volume=38-39|issue=38–39|year=2011|pages=213–226|doi=10.4000/ceb.835|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Η οικονομική κρίση στον ελλαδικό χώρο στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και οι επιπτώσεις της στην Επανάσταση του 1821|trans-title=The economic crisis in Greek lands in the beginning of 19th century and its effects on the Revolution of 1821|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=6|date=1977|pages=16–33|doi=10.12681/mnimon.171|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Προεπαναστατικές πραγματικότητες. Η οικονομική κρίση και η πορεία προς το Εικοσιένα|trans-title=Pre-revolutionary realities. The economic crisis and the course to '21|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=24|date=2002|issue=2 |pages=71–84|doi=10.12681/mnimon.735|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|last=Livanios|first=Dimitris|title=Conquering the souls: nationalism and Greek guerrilla warfare in Ottoman Macedonia, 1904‐1908|journal=Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies|volume=23|year=1999|pages=195–221|doi=10.1179/byz.1999.23.1.195|s2cid=162410083}} *{{cite book |last= Mavrias | first= Kostas G |title= Constitutional Law |year= 2002| publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas | location =Athens |language=el |isbn=978-960-15-0663-0}} *{{cite journal|last=Mazower|first=Mark|year=1992|title=The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909- 1912|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1992-12_35_4/page/885|journal=The Historical Journal|volume=35|issue=4|pages=885–904|doi=10.1017/S0018246X00026200}} *{{cite journal | last =Pappas | first = Takis |date=April 2003 | title= The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951 | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_west-european-politics_2003-04_26_2/page/90 |journal=[[West European Politics (WEP)|West European Politics]]| volume= 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 90–114| doi = 10.1080/01402380512331341121| s2cid = 153514846 }} *{{Rejea habari | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/business/global/14debt.html | title = Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe's Crisis | newspaper= The New York Times | first1 = Louise | last1 = Story | first2=Landon Jr |last2=Thomas |first3=Nelson D |last3=Schwartz |date= 14 February 2010 |access-date=26 March 2013}}. *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Trudgill | first = P | contribution = Greece and European Turkey: From Religious to Linguistic Identity | editor1-first = S | editor1-last = Barbour | editor2-first = C | editor2-last = Carmichael | year = 2000 | title = Language and Nationalism in Europe | place = [[Oxford]] | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]}}. *{{cite book | author-link = Evangelos Venizelos| last = Venizelos | first = Evangelos | title = The "Acquis" of the Constitutional Revision | year= 2002 | publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location= Athens | language =el | isbn = 978-960-15-0617-3 |chapter=The Contribution of the Revision of 2001}} *{{Citation |script-title=el:Ἑλλάς - Ἑλληνισμὸς |url=http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?filename=%2Fvar%2Fwww%2Fanemi-portal%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fattached-metadata-01-0002588%2F279838_10.pdf&rec=%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fmetadata-01-0002588.tkl&do=279838_10.pdf&width=662&height=963&pagestart=1&maxpage=1104&lang=en&pageno=1&pagenotop=1&pagenobottom=262 |work=Μεγάλη Ἐλληνικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεῖα |volume=10 |location=Athens |publisher=Pyrsos Co. Ltd. |date=1934 |trans-title=Greece - Hellenism |language=el |ref = {{harvid|Great Greek Encyclopedia}}|title = PDF pager}} {{refend}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{en}} {{fr}} (Kigiriki) [http://www.presidency.gr/ Rais wa Ugiriki] {{Wayback|url=http://www.presidency.gr/ |date=20120917080929 }} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Ugiriki|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Balkani]] [[Jamii:Maeneo ya Biblia]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 2arrgb5zhkv6ntyaz3os2qdyqp5vun8 1543681 1543680 2026-05-15T12:27:45Z Gayle157 73366 /* Demografia */ [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] 1543681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_asili = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"> Ελληνική Δημοκρατία<br />''Ellinikí Dimokratía''</span> |conventional_long_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;">Demokrasia ya Ugiriki</span> |common_name = Greece |bendera = Flag of Greece.svg |nembo = Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg |symbol_type = Nembo |ramani = EU-Greece (orthographic projection).svg |kauli_mbiu = Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος <br />(Eleftheria i thanatos - "Uhuru au mauti") |wimbo = Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν - "Wimbo la Uhuru" |lugha_rasmi = [[Kigiriki]] |mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Athens]] |latd=38| latm=00| latNS=N| longd=23| longm=43| longEW=E |serikali = [[Jamhuri]] |vyeo_viongozi = [[Rais wa Ugiriki|Rais]]<br />[[Waziri Mkuu wa Ugiriki|Waziri Mkuu]] |viongozi = [[Katerina Sakellaropoulou]] (Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου)<br /> [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]] (Κυριάκος Μητσοτάκης) |accessionEUdate = [[1 Januari]] [[1981]] |area_rank = ya 95 |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |eneo_jumla = 131,957 |areami² = 50,944 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |asilimia_maji = 1.51 |watu_kadirio = 10,678,632 |cheo_kadirio = 85 |mwaka_kadirio= 2021 |watu_sensa = 10,816,286 |mwaka_sensa = 2012 |msongamano = 77 |population_densitymi² = 212 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |cheo_msongamano = ya 120 |plt_ppp = {{increase}} $467.59 billioni <!--IMF--> |cheo_plt_ppp = 54 |mwaka_plt_ppp = 2025 |plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $23,518 |cheo_plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = 30 |mwaka_plt = 2025 |plt = {{increase}} $267.35 bilion |plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $25,756 |muundo_uhuru = Uhuru kutoka [[Milki ya Osmani]] |tukio1 = Ilitangazwa |tukio2 =Ilitambuliwa |tukio1_tarehe = [[25 Machi]] [[1821]] |tukio2_tarehe= 1829 |hdi = {{increase}} 0.908 </br> - {{juu sana}} |cheo = 34 |mwaka_hdi = 2023 |sarafu = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>2</sup> |majira_saa = +2 [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |time_zone_DST = [[EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |tld = [[.gr]] |msimbo_simu = 30 }} '''Ugiriki''', pia '''Uyunani''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]] cha kisasa: Ελλάδα, Ellada, au Ελλάς, Ellas), rasmi kama '''Jamhuri ya Hellena''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko Kusini-Mashariki mwa [[Ulaya]], ikipakana na [[Albania]] kaskazini-magharibi, [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] na [[Bulgaria]] kaskazini, na [[Uturuki]] mashariki. Kwa upande wa kusini na magharibi, imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Mediterania]], [[Bahari ya Aegean]], na [[Bahari ya Ionia]]. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 10.4, ikiwa ya 87 duniani. Mji wake mkuu na mkubwa zaidi ni [[Athens]]. Ugiriki imegawanyika katika [[jimbo|majimbo]] 13 ya kiutawala. Inajulikana kwa [[historia]] yake ndefu ya [[ustaarabu]] wa kale, hasa Dola ya Kigiriki na michango yake katika [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], na [[sanaa]]. Pia ni mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] na [[NATO]]. Ugiriki ina moja ya [[Historia ya Ugiriki|historia za kale zaidi]] zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na hutambuliwa sana kama chimbuko la [[ustaarabu]] wa Magharibi. [[Mji-dola|Miji-dola]] ya kale ya [[Kigiriki]] kama [[Athene]] na [[Sparta]] ilichukua nafasi kubwa katika maendeleo ya [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], [[fasihi]], [[hisabati]], na mawazo ya kisiasa. <ref name="Britannica_Greece_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Greece/History |author=Richard Clogg |title=History of Greece |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Baada ya vipindi vya utawala wa [[Warumi]], [[Wabisanti]], na Waothmania, taifa la kisasa la Ugiriki liliibuka katika [[karne ya 19]] baada ya Vita vya Uhuru vya Ugiriki dhidi ya [[Dola ya Ottoman]]. Baadaye Ugiriki ilipanuka kieneo na kuwa jamhuri baada ya vipindi vya ufalme, vita, na mabadiliko ya kisiasa katika [[karne ya 20]]. <ref name="BBC_Greece_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17373241 |title=Greece country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ugiriki#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Ugiriki]] umeainishwa kama uchumi mchanganyiko uliostawi na unategemea sana [[huduma]], [[utalii]], usafirishaji wa baharini, na biashara. <ref name="OECD_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/greece.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: Greece |website=oecd.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utalii]] ni moja ya sekta muhimu zaidi za uchumi wa nchi hiyo, ukiungwa mkono na maeneo ya kihistoria, visiwa vya [[Mediterania]], na maeneo ya mapumziko ya pwani yanayovutia mamilioni ya watalii wa kimataifa kila mwaka. Ugiriki pia ina moja ya meli kubwa zaidi za biashara duniani, jambo linalofanya usafiri wa baharini kuwa mchangiaji mkubwa wa uchumi wa taifa. <ref name="WFB_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#economy |title=Greece - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Kilimo]] bado kina umuhimu katika baadhi ya maeneo, huku bidhaa kama zeituni, mafuta ya zeituni, zabibu, matunda ya machungwa, na bidhaa za uvuvi zikichangia mauzo ya nje. Utamaduni wa Kigiriki umeathiri sana [[ustaarabu]] wa dunia kupitia mchango wake katika [[falsafa]], tamthilia, usanifu, [[sayansi]], na sanaa. <ref name="UNESCO_Greece_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gr |title=Greece: Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List |website=unesco.org |publisher=UNESCO |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Lugha ya [[Kigiriki]] ina moja ya historia ndefu zaidi zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na inaendelea kuwa sehemu muhimu ya utambulisho wa taifa. Idadi kubwa ya watu ni [[Wagiriki]] wa kikabila na wengi wao wanafuata [[Ukristo]] wa Kiorthodoksi wa Mashariki, ambao kihistoria umeathiri mila za kijamii na maisha ya umma. <ref name="WFB_Greece_People">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#people-and-society |title=Greece - World Factbook: People and Society |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Ugiriki ya kisasa inaunganisha urithi wa kale wa kitamaduni na ushawishi wa kisasa wa [[Ulaya]], hasa kupitia ushirikiano wake ndani ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. ==Jiografia== Kijiografia huwa na sehemu za Ugiriki bara, [[rasi ya Peloponesi]] upande wa kusini inayounganishwa kwa [[shingo ya nchi]] nyembamba, halafu [[Kisiwa|visiwa]] vingi upande wa [[Bahari ya Aegean]], [[Bahari ya Adria]] na kwenye [[Bahari ya Mediteranea|Mediteranea]] yenyewe. Visiwa vikubwa zaidi ni [[Kreta]], [[Euboea]], [[Lesbo]] na [[Rhodos]]. ==Historia== [[File:The Parthenon in Athens.jpg|thumb|left|[[Parthenon]], katika [[Akropoli]] ya [[Athens]], ni kielelezo cha [[Ugiriki ya Kale|Ugiriki wa Kale]].]] Ugiriki ni nchi yenye [[historia]] ndefu na maarufu sana, hata inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya" na [[kitovu]] cha [[Ustaarabu wa magharibi]], kwa sababu ndipo vilipoanza [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]] ya magharibi, [[fasihi]] ya magharibi, [[historiografia]], [[sayansi ya siasa]], tafiti za [[sayansi]] na [[hisabati]], [[tamthilia]] na [[michezo]] ya [[Michezo ya Olimpiki|Olimpiki]]. Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] tangu [[1981]]. ==Demografia== === Lugha === [[Lugha]] ya [[Kigiriki]] inaendelea kuandikwa kwa [[Alfabeti ya Kigiriki]] inayotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 iliyopita, lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] moja kwa moja. === Dini === Wakazi wengi wanafuata [[dini]] ya [[Ukristo]] (93%), hasa katika [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kigiriki]] (90%), halafu [[Uprotestanti|Waprotestanti]] na [[Kanisa Katoliki|Wakatoliki]]. 2% ni [[Waislamu]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Marejeo== {{refbegin|30em}} * "Minorities in Greece&nbsp;– Historical Issues and New Perspectives". ''History and Culture of South Eastern Europe''. An Annual Journal. München (Slavica) 2003. *{{cite book | title = The Constitution of Greece | url = http://www.hellenicparliament.gr/UserFiles/f3c70a23-7696-49db-9148-f24dce6a27c8/001-156%20aggliko.pdf |access-date=21 March 2011 |year=2008 | publisher = [[Hellenic Parliament]] |location=Athens|isbn= 978-960-560-073-0| others = Paparrigopoulos, Xenophon; Vassilouni, Stavroula (translators)}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Clogg | first = Richard | title = A Concise History of Greece | pages = 10–37 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1992 | edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-521-37228-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H5pyUIY4THYC&q=richard%20clogg%20greece | access-date = 23 March 2016}}, 257 pp. *{{Rejea kitabu | author-link = Richard Clogg| last = Clogg | first = Richard | title= A Concise History of Greece | url = https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00clog_0| edition = 2nd |location= Cambridge | publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]]| orig-year = 1992 | year= 2002 | isbn = 978-0-521-00479-4}}. *{{cite book | last =Dagtoglou | first = PD | title = Constitutional Law&nbsp;– Individual Rights | volume = I | year = 1991 |publisher=Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location=Athens-Komotini |language=el |chapter=Protection of Individual Rights}} *{{Rejea kitabu | first = John Van Antwerp | last = Fine | title = The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century | publisher = University of Michigan Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-472-08149-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C | access-date=23 March 2016}}, 376 pp. * {{cite book|last=Hatzopoulos|first=Marios|title=The making of Modern Greece: Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797–1896)|chapter=From resurrection to insurrection: 'sacred' myths, motifs, and symbols in the Greek War of Independence|year=2009|publisher=Ashgate|editor1-first=Roderick|editor1-last=Beaton|editor2-first=David|editor2-last=Ricks|pages=81–93|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/985519}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Kalaitzidis | first = Akis | year = 2010 | title = Europe's Greece: A Giant in the Making | url = https://archive.org/details/europesgreecegia0000kala | publisher = [[Palgrave Macmillan]]}}, 219 pp. The impact of European Union membership on Greek politics, economics, and society. *{{cite book|last1=Koliopoulos|first1=John S.|last2=Veremis|first2=Thanos M.|title=Greece: The Modern Sequel. From 1831 to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/greecemodernsequ0000koli_o4g4|publisher=Hurst & Co.|year=2002|location=London}} *{{cite journal|last=Kostopoulos|first=Tasos|title=La guerre civile macédonienne de 1903-1908 et ses représentations dans l'historiographie nationale grecque|journal=Cahiers Balkaniques|volume=38-39|issue=38–39|year=2011|pages=213–226|doi=10.4000/ceb.835|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Η οικονομική κρίση στον ελλαδικό χώρο στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και οι επιπτώσεις της στην Επανάσταση του 1821|trans-title=The economic crisis in Greek lands in the beginning of 19th century and its effects on the Revolution of 1821|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=6|date=1977|pages=16–33|doi=10.12681/mnimon.171|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Προεπαναστατικές πραγματικότητες. Η οικονομική κρίση και η πορεία προς το Εικοσιένα|trans-title=Pre-revolutionary realities. The economic crisis and the course to '21|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=24|date=2002|issue=2 |pages=71–84|doi=10.12681/mnimon.735|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|last=Livanios|first=Dimitris|title=Conquering the souls: nationalism and Greek guerrilla warfare in Ottoman Macedonia, 1904‐1908|journal=Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies|volume=23|year=1999|pages=195–221|doi=10.1179/byz.1999.23.1.195|s2cid=162410083}} *{{cite book |last= Mavrias | first= Kostas G |title= Constitutional Law |year= 2002| publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas | location =Athens |language=el |isbn=978-960-15-0663-0}} *{{cite journal|last=Mazower|first=Mark|year=1992|title=The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909- 1912|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1992-12_35_4/page/885|journal=The Historical Journal|volume=35|issue=4|pages=885–904|doi=10.1017/S0018246X00026200}} *{{cite journal | last =Pappas | first = Takis |date=April 2003 | title= The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951 | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_west-european-politics_2003-04_26_2/page/90 |journal=[[West European Politics (WEP)|West European Politics]]| volume= 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 90–114| doi = 10.1080/01402380512331341121| s2cid = 153514846 }} *{{Rejea habari | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/business/global/14debt.html | title = Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe's Crisis | newspaper= The New York Times | first1 = Louise | last1 = Story | first2=Landon Jr |last2=Thomas |first3=Nelson D |last3=Schwartz |date= 14 February 2010 |access-date=26 March 2013}}. *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Trudgill | first = P | contribution = Greece and European Turkey: From Religious to Linguistic Identity | editor1-first = S | editor1-last = Barbour | editor2-first = C | editor2-last = Carmichael | year = 2000 | title = Language and Nationalism in Europe | place = [[Oxford]] | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]}}. *{{cite book | author-link = Evangelos Venizelos| last = Venizelos | first = Evangelos | title = The "Acquis" of the Constitutional Revision | year= 2002 | publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location= Athens | language =el | isbn = 978-960-15-0617-3 |chapter=The Contribution of the Revision of 2001}} *{{Citation |script-title=el:Ἑλλάς - Ἑλληνισμὸς |url=http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?filename=%2Fvar%2Fwww%2Fanemi-portal%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fattached-metadata-01-0002588%2F279838_10.pdf&rec=%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fmetadata-01-0002588.tkl&do=279838_10.pdf&width=662&height=963&pagestart=1&maxpage=1104&lang=en&pageno=1&pagenotop=1&pagenobottom=262 |work=Μεγάλη Ἐλληνικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεῖα |volume=10 |location=Athens |publisher=Pyrsos Co. Ltd. |date=1934 |trans-title=Greece - Hellenism |language=el |ref = {{harvid|Great Greek Encyclopedia}}|title = PDF pager}} {{refend}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{en}} {{fr}} (Kigiriki) [http://www.presidency.gr/ Rais wa Ugiriki] {{Wayback|url=http://www.presidency.gr/ |date=20120917080929 }} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Ugiriki|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Balkani]] [[Jamii:Maeneo ya Biblia]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] hrh85c1sfc9x12by4ngpducaxsokpun 1544115 1543681 2026-05-16T06:34:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_asili = <span style="line-height:1.33em;"> Ελληνική Δημοκρατία<br />''Ellinikí Dimokratía''</span> |conventional_long_name = <span style="line-height:1.33em;">Demokrasia ya Ugiriki</span> |common_name = Greece |bendera = Flag of Greece.svg |nembo = Coat_of_arms_of_Greece.svg |symbol_type = Nembo |ramani = EU-Greece (orthographic projection).svg |kauli_mbiu = Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος <br />(Eleftheria i thanatos - "Uhuru au mauti") |wimbo = Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν - "Wimbo la Uhuru" |lugha_rasmi = [[Kigiriki]] |mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Athens]] |latd=38| latm=00| latNS=N| longd=23| longm=43| longEW=E |serikali = [[Jamhuri]] |vyeo_viongozi = [[Rais wa Ugiriki|Rais]]<br />[[Waziri Mkuu wa Ugiriki|Waziri Mkuu]] |viongozi = [[Katerina Sakellaropoulou]] (Κατερίνα Σακελλαροπούλου)<br /> [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]] (Κυριάκος Μητσοτάκης) |accessionEUdate = [[1 Januari]] [[1981]] |area_rank = ya 95 |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |eneo_jumla = 131,957 |areami² = 50,944 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |asilimia_maji = 1.51 |watu_kadirio = 10,678,632 |cheo_kadirio = 85 |mwaka_kadirio= 2021 |watu_sensa = 10,816,286 |mwaka_sensa = 2012 |msongamano = 77 |population_densitymi² = 212 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |cheo_msongamano = ya 120 |plt_ppp = {{increase}} $467.59 billioni <!--IMF--> |cheo_plt_ppp = 54 |mwaka_plt_ppp = 2025 |plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $23,518 |cheo_plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = 30 |mwaka_plt = 2025 |plt = {{increase}} $267.35 bilion |plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $25,756 |muundo_uhuru = Uhuru kutoka [[Milki ya Osmani]] |tukio1 = Ilitangazwa |tukio2 =Ilitambuliwa |tukio1_tarehe = [[25 Machi]] [[1821]] |tukio2_tarehe= 1829 |hdi = {{increase}} 0.908 </br> - {{juu sana}} |cheo = 34 |mwaka_hdi = 2023 |sarafu = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>2</sup> |majira_saa = +2 [[Eastern European Time|EET]] |time_zone_DST = [[EEST]] |utc_offset_DST = +3 |tld = [[.gr]] |msimbo_simu = 30 }} '''Ugiriki''', pia '''Uyunani''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]] cha kisasa: Ελλάδα, Ellada, au Ελλάς, Ellas), rasmi kama '''Jamhuri ya Hellena''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko Kusini-Mashariki mwa [[Ulaya]], ikipakana na [[Albania]] kaskazini-magharibi, [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] na [[Bulgaria]] kaskazini, na [[Uturuki]] mashariki. Kwa upande wa kusini na magharibi, imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Mediterania]], [[Bahari ya Aegean]], na [[Bahari ya Ionia]]. Ina idadi ya watu takriban milioni 10.4, ikiwa ya 87 duniani. Mji wake mkuu na mkubwa zaidi ni [[Athens]]. Ugiriki imegawanyika katika [[jimbo|majimbo]] 13 ya kiutawala. Inajulikana kwa [[historia]] yake ndefu ya [[ustaarabu]] wa kale, hasa Dola ya Kigiriki na michango yake katika [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], na [[sanaa]]. Pia ni mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] na [[NATO]]. Ugiriki ina moja ya [[Historia ya Ugiriki|historia za kale zaidi]] zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na hutambuliwa sana kama chimbuko la [[ustaarabu]] wa Magharibi. [[Mji-dola|Miji-dola]] ya kale ya [[Kigiriki]] kama [[Athene]] na [[Sparta]] ilichukua nafasi kubwa katika maendeleo ya [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]], [[fasihi]], [[hisabati]], na mawazo ya kisiasa. <ref name="Britannica_Greece_History">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Greece/History |author=Richard Clogg |title=History of Greece |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Baada ya vipindi vya utawala wa [[Warumi]], [[Wabisanti]], na Waothmania, taifa la kisasa la Ugiriki liliibuka katika [[karne ya 19]] baada ya Vita vya Uhuru vya Ugiriki dhidi ya [[Dola ya Ottoman]]. Baadaye Ugiriki ilipanuka kieneo na kuwa jamhuri baada ya vipindi vya ufalme, vita, na mabadiliko ya kisiasa katika [[karne ya 20]]. <ref name="BBC_Greece_Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17373241 |title=Greece country profile |website=BBC News |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Ugiriki#Uchumi|Uchumi wa Ugiriki]] umeainishwa kama uchumi mchanganyiko uliostawi na unategemea sana [[huduma]], [[utalii]], usafirishaji wa baharini, na biashara. <ref name="OECD_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/en/countries/greece.html |title=OECD Economic Outlook: Greece |website=oecd.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> [[Utalii]] ni moja ya sekta muhimu zaidi za uchumi wa nchi hiyo, ukiungwa mkono na maeneo ya kihistoria, visiwa vya [[Mediterania]], na maeneo ya mapumziko ya pwani yanayovutia mamilioni ya watalii wa kimataifa kila mwaka. Ugiriki pia ina moja ya meli kubwa zaidi za biashara duniani, jambo linalofanya usafiri wa baharini kuwa mchangiaji mkubwa wa uchumi wa taifa. <ref name="WFB_Greece_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#economy |title=Greece - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109063832/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Kilimo]] bado kina umuhimu katika baadhi ya maeneo, huku bidhaa kama zeituni, mafuta ya zeituni, zabibu, matunda ya machungwa, na bidhaa za uvuvi zikichangia mauzo ya nje. Utamaduni wa Kigiriki umeathiri sana [[ustaarabu]] wa dunia kupitia mchango wake katika [[falsafa]], tamthilia, usanifu, [[sayansi]], na sanaa. <ref name="UNESCO_Greece_Culture">{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gr |title=Greece: Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List |website=unesco.org |publisher=UNESCO |date=2024 |access-date=May 15, 2026 }} </ref> Lugha ya [[Kigiriki]] ina moja ya historia ndefu zaidi zilizorekodiwa barani [[Ulaya]] na inaendelea kuwa sehemu muhimu ya utambulisho wa taifa. Idadi kubwa ya watu ni [[Wagiriki]] wa kikabila na wengi wao wanafuata [[Ukristo]] wa Kiorthodoksi wa Mashariki, ambao kihistoria umeathiri mila za kijamii na maisha ya umma. <ref name="WFB_Greece_People">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#people-and-society |title=Greece - World Factbook: People and Society |website=cia.gov |date=2026 |access-date=May 15, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109063832/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/greece/#people-and-society |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ugiriki ya kisasa inaunganisha urithi wa kale wa kitamaduni na ushawishi wa kisasa wa [[Ulaya]], hasa kupitia ushirikiano wake ndani ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. ==Jiografia== Kijiografia huwa na sehemu za Ugiriki bara, [[rasi ya Peloponesi]] upande wa kusini inayounganishwa kwa [[shingo ya nchi]] nyembamba, halafu [[Kisiwa|visiwa]] vingi upande wa [[Bahari ya Aegean]], [[Bahari ya Adria]] na kwenye [[Bahari ya Mediteranea|Mediteranea]] yenyewe. Visiwa vikubwa zaidi ni [[Kreta]], [[Euboea]], [[Lesbo]] na [[Rhodos]]. ==Historia== [[File:The Parthenon in Athens.jpg|thumb|left|[[Parthenon]], katika [[Akropoli]] ya [[Athens]], ni kielelezo cha [[Ugiriki ya Kale|Ugiriki wa Kale]].]] Ugiriki ni nchi yenye [[historia]] ndefu na maarufu sana, hata inaitwa "nchi mama ya Ulaya" na [[kitovu]] cha [[Ustaarabu wa magharibi]], kwa sababu ndipo vilipoanza [[demokrasia]], [[falsafa]] ya magharibi, [[fasihi]] ya magharibi, [[historiografia]], [[sayansi ya siasa]], tafiti za [[sayansi]] na [[hisabati]], [[tamthilia]] na [[michezo]] ya [[Michezo ya Olimpiki|Olimpiki]]. Ugiriki ni nchi mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] tangu [[1981]]. ==Demografia== === Lugha === [[Lugha]] ya [[Kigiriki]] inaendelea kuandikwa kwa [[Alfabeti ya Kigiriki]] inayotumiwa tangu miaka 3000 iliyopita, lakini lugha yenyewe imebadilika. Wagiriki wa leo hawaelewi tena [[Kigiriki cha Kale]] moja kwa moja. === Dini === Wakazi wengi wanafuata [[dini]] ya [[Ukristo]] (93%), hasa katika [[Kanisa la Kiorthodoksi la Kigiriki]] (90%), halafu [[Uprotestanti|Waprotestanti]] na [[Kanisa Katoliki|Wakatoliki]]. 2% ni [[Waislamu]]. ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Marejeo== {{refbegin|30em}} * "Minorities in Greece&nbsp;– Historical Issues and New Perspectives". ''History and Culture of South Eastern Europe''. An Annual Journal. München (Slavica) 2003. *{{cite book | title = The Constitution of Greece | url = http://www.hellenicparliament.gr/UserFiles/f3c70a23-7696-49db-9148-f24dce6a27c8/001-156%20aggliko.pdf |access-date=21 March 2011 |year=2008 | publisher = [[Hellenic Parliament]] |location=Athens|isbn= 978-960-560-073-0| others = Paparrigopoulos, Xenophon; Vassilouni, Stavroula (translators)}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Clogg | first = Richard | title = A Concise History of Greece | pages = 10–37 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1992 | edition = 1st | isbn = 978-0-521-37228-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H5pyUIY4THYC&q=richard%20clogg%20greece | access-date = 23 March 2016}}, 257 pp. *{{Rejea kitabu | author-link = Richard Clogg| last = Clogg | first = Richard | title= A Concise History of Greece | url = https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00clog_0| edition = 2nd |location= Cambridge | publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]]| orig-year = 1992 | year= 2002 | isbn = 978-0-521-00479-4}}. *{{cite book | last =Dagtoglou | first = PD | title = Constitutional Law&nbsp;– Individual Rights | volume = I | year = 1991 |publisher=Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location=Athens-Komotini |language=el |chapter=Protection of Individual Rights}} *{{Rejea kitabu | first = John Van Antwerp | last = Fine | title = The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century | publisher = University of Michigan Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-472-08149-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C | access-date=23 March 2016}}, 376 pp. * {{cite book|last=Hatzopoulos|first=Marios|title=The making of Modern Greece: Nationalism, Romanticism, and the Uses of the Past (1797–1896)|chapter=From resurrection to insurrection: 'sacred' myths, motifs, and symbols in the Greek War of Independence|year=2009|publisher=Ashgate|editor1-first=Roderick|editor1-last=Beaton|editor2-first=David|editor2-last=Ricks|pages=81–93|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/985519}} *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Kalaitzidis | first = Akis | year = 2010 | title = Europe's Greece: A Giant in the Making | url = https://archive.org/details/europesgreecegia0000kala | publisher = [[Palgrave Macmillan]]}}, 219 pp. The impact of European Union membership on Greek politics, economics, and society. *{{cite book|last1=Koliopoulos|first1=John S.|last2=Veremis|first2=Thanos M.|title=Greece: The Modern Sequel. From 1831 to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/greecemodernsequ0000koli_o4g4|publisher=Hurst & Co.|year=2002|location=London}} *{{cite journal|last=Kostopoulos|first=Tasos|title=La guerre civile macédonienne de 1903-1908 et ses représentations dans l'historiographie nationale grecque|journal=Cahiers Balkaniques|volume=38-39|issue=38–39|year=2011|pages=213–226|doi=10.4000/ceb.835|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Η οικονομική κρίση στον ελλαδικό χώρο στις αρχές του 19ου αιώνα και οι επιπτώσεις της στην Επανάσταση του 1821|trans-title=The economic crisis in Greek lands in the beginning of 19th century and its effects on the Revolution of 1821|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=6|date=1977|pages=16–33|doi=10.12681/mnimon.171|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|first=Vassilis|last=Kremmydas |script-title=el:Προεπαναστατικές πραγματικότητες. Η οικονομική κρίση και η πορεία προς το Εικοσιένα|trans-title=Pre-revolutionary realities. The economic crisis and the course to '21|language=el|journal=Μνήμων|volume=24|date=2002|issue=2 |pages=71–84|doi=10.12681/mnimon.735|doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal|last=Livanios|first=Dimitris|title=Conquering the souls: nationalism and Greek guerrilla warfare in Ottoman Macedonia, 1904‐1908|journal=Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies|volume=23|year=1999|pages=195–221|doi=10.1179/byz.1999.23.1.195|s2cid=162410083}} *{{cite book |last= Mavrias | first= Kostas G |title= Constitutional Law |year= 2002| publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas | location =Athens |language=el |isbn=978-960-15-0663-0}} *{{cite journal|last=Mazower|first=Mark|year=1992|title=The Messiah and the Bourgeoisie: Venizelos and Politics in Greece, 1909- 1912|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1992-12_35_4/page/885|journal=The Historical Journal|volume=35|issue=4|pages=885–904|doi=10.1017/S0018246X00026200}} *{{cite journal | last =Pappas | first = Takis |date=April 2003 | title= The Transformation of the Greek Party System Since 1951 | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_west-european-politics_2003-04_26_2/page/90 |journal=[[West European Politics (WEP)|West European Politics]]| volume= 26 | issue = 2 | pages = 90–114| doi = 10.1080/01402380512331341121| s2cid = 153514846 }} *{{Rejea habari | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/business/global/14debt.html | title = Wall St. Helped to Mask Debt Fueling Europe's Crisis | newspaper= The New York Times | first1 = Louise | last1 = Story | first2=Landon Jr |last2=Thomas |first3=Nelson D |last3=Schwartz |date= 14 February 2010 |access-date=26 March 2013}}. *{{Rejea kitabu | last = Trudgill | first = P | contribution = Greece and European Turkey: From Religious to Linguistic Identity | editor1-first = S | editor1-last = Barbour | editor2-first = C | editor2-last = Carmichael | year = 2000 | title = Language and Nationalism in Europe | place = [[Oxford]] | publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]}}. *{{cite book | author-link = Evangelos Venizelos| last = Venizelos | first = Evangelos | title = The "Acquis" of the Constitutional Revision | year= 2002 | publisher= Ant. N. Sakkoulas |location= Athens | language =el | isbn = 978-960-15-0617-3 |chapter=The Contribution of the Revision of 2001}} *{{Citation |script-title=el:Ἑλλάς - Ἑλληνισμὸς |url=http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?filename=%2Fvar%2Fwww%2Fanemi-portal%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fattached-metadata-01-0002588%2F279838_10.pdf&rec=%2Fmetadata%2Fa%2Ff%2Fb%2Fmetadata-01-0002588.tkl&do=279838_10.pdf&width=662&height=963&pagestart=1&maxpage=1104&lang=en&pageno=1&pagenotop=1&pagenobottom=262 |work=Μεγάλη Ἐλληνικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεῖα |volume=10 |location=Athens |publisher=Pyrsos Co. Ltd. |date=1934 |trans-title=Greece - Hellenism |language=el |ref = {{harvid|Great Greek Encyclopedia}}|title = PDF pager}} {{refend}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{en}} {{fr}} (Kigiriki) [http://www.presidency.gr/ Rais wa Ugiriki] {{Wayback|url=http://www.presidency.gr/ |date=20120917080929 }} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Ugiriki|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Balkani]] [[Jamii:Maeneo ya Biblia]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 94ehotmca4jt28zwqi57866qmff0unh Dola la Roma 0 12440 1543903 1509487 2026-05-15T19:23:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543903 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Map of the Roman Empire at its height.svg|thumb|300px|Dola la Roma lilipofikia [[kilele]] cha [[uenezi]] wake mwaka [[117]].]] [[Picha:Roman Republic Empire map edited.gif|thumb|310px|'''Upanuzi wa eneo la Roma kuanzia mwaka [[510 KK]] hadi [[480]] [[BK]]''';<br />nyekundu = Jamhuri ya Roma 510 KK - [[40 KK]]<br />zambarau= Dola la Roma [[20]] BK - [[360]]<br />Buluu = Dola la Roma la Magharibi [[405]] - [[480]] <br />Njano = Dola la Roma la Mashariki (Bizanti) 405 - 480]] '''Dola la Roma''' (kwa [[Kilatini]] "Imperium Romanum") lilikuwa [[milki]] kubwa lililoenea kwa [[karne]] kadhaa katika nchi zote zinazopakana na [[bahari]] ya [[Mediteranea]] (ambayo kwa sababu hiyo iliitwa "Mare Nostrum", yaani "Bahari yetu") na nyinginezo. Lilianza kwenye [[mji]] mkuu wa [[Roma]] na [[rasi]] ya [[Italia]] ikaendelea kuunganisha ma[[kabila]] na ma[[taifa]] ya nchi nyingi kwenye ma[[bara]] matatu ya [[Ulaya]], [[Afrika]] na [[Asia]]. Kuanzia [[karne ya 1 KK]] [[Orodha ya Makaisari wa Roma|Watawala wa Dola]] wakaitwa makaisari: [[Kaisari]] wa kwanza alikuwa [[Augusto]]. Nchi nyingi za sasa ziliwahi kuwa sehemu ya Dola la Roma kama vile [[Uingereza]], [[Ufaransa]], [[Hispania]], [[Italia]], [[Ugiriki]] na nchi za [[Balkani]] upande wa Ulaya, [[Moroko]], [[Algeria]], [[Tunisia]], [[Libia]] na [[Misri]] upande wa Afrika, na [[Uturuki]], [[Syria]], [[Lebanon]], [[Palestina]], [[Jordan]] na hata [[Irak]] upande wa Asia. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi imekadiriwa kuwa ilifikia [[milioni]] 50-90, yaani [[asilimia]] 20 hivi za watu wote [[duniani]] wakati huo. [[Lugha]] ya Dola la Roma ilikuwa [[Kilatini]], ila katika sehemu za mashariki pamoja na [[Kigiriki cha Kale]]. [[Dola la Roma Magharibi|Sehemu ya magharibi]] ya Dola la Roma iliishia mwaka [[476]] baada ya [[mapinduzi ya kijeshi]] dhidi ya Kaisari wa mwisho [[Romulus Augustulus]] aliyefukuzwa na [[jemadari]] wa [[Kigermanik]] wa [[jeshi]] la Roma. Upande wa mashariki Dola la Roma likaendelea hadi mwaka [[1453]] kwa majina kama "[[Roma ya Mashariki]]" au [[Bizanti]]. == Dola-mji == Chanzo cha dola la Roma kilikuwa [[dola-mji]] mjini penyewe. Mji uliundwa katika [[karne ya 9 KK]] hivi kwenye vilima kando ya [[mto Tiber]] katikati ya rasi ya Italia. Waroma wenyewe walipenda kutaja mwaka [[753 KK]] walioutumia kama chanzo cha [[kalenda]] yao "ab Urbe Condita" (a.U.C. = tangu kuundwa kwa Roma). Lakini [[akiolojia]] imeonyesha [[dalili]] za makazi ya mapema zaidi katika eneo la mji. Mji ulitawaliwa awali na wafalme. Mwaka [[509 KK]] [[mfalme]] wa mwisho alifukuzwa na kipindi cha [[jamhuri ya Roma]] kilianza. Mji wa Roma ulieneza athira yake kwa njia ya mapatano au [[vita]] na miji na makabila jirani. ==Katiba ya jamhuri== Kwa karne zilizofuata Waroma walifuata katiba iliyolenga kuzuia asitokee mfalme mpya. Vyeo vyote vilitolewa kwa muda tu kwa njia ya [[uchaguzi]]. Madaraka yaligawiwa kati ya ngazi na vyeo mbalimbali. Vyeo vingi vilitolewa kwa watu wawili kwa kipindi kilekile kwa [[sharti]] la kwamba hao wapatane na kuangaliana. * Kila [[mtu]] aliruhusiwa kuwa na [[cheo]] fulani kwa muda wa mwaka 1 pekee * Hakuruhusiwa kuwa na kipindi cha pili kwenye cheo kilekile * Aliyechaguliwa kupata cheo hakuruhusiwa kugombea cheo kingine mara moja * Kila cheo kilikuwa na nafasi mbili. Hao watendaji wawili waliochanga cheo kimoja walipaswa kupatana; kila mmoja aliweza kufuta maazimio ya mwenzake. * Mgombea wa cheo fulani alipaswa kutangulia katika utendaji wa cheo cha chini kabla ya kupanda juu * Kati ya kugombea vyeo viwili mgombea alipaswa kupumzika mwaka mmoja. Kulikuwa na cheo kimoja pekee kilichotekelezwa na mtu mmoja tu: [[dikteta]]. Dikteta aliweza kuchaguliwa katika kipindi cha [[dharura]] kama vita kwa muda wa miezi sita. Katika kipindi hiki alifanya maazimio peke yake. Kwa kawaida watendaji wakuu walikuwa ma[[konsuli]] ("consules") waliochaguliwa kwa muda wa mwaka 1. == Upanuzi katika Italia == Dola la Roma lilianza kupanuka katika Italia. Mwaka [[396 KK]] mji jirani wa [[Veio]] ulitwaliwa na kuharibiwa. Katika [[karne ya 4 KK]] vilitokea vita kati ya Roma na majirani na eneo lote la [[Lazio]] likatawaliwa na Roma. Roma ilianzishwa [[utaratibu]] wa [[ushirikiano]] na majirani. Mara chache tu wapinzani walimalizwa kabisa kama Veio. Mara nyingi walilazimishwa kutia [[sahihi]] mikataba ya ushirikiano walimopaswa kuwasaidia Waroma kwa [[wanajeshi]] na kutokuwa na [[uhusiano]] wowote na makabila ya nje. Makabila na miji iliyoshirikiana vizuri na Roma walipewa [[uraia]] wa Roma sawa na wenyeji wa mji wenyewe. Katika [[karne ya 3 KK]] Waroma waliendelea kutwaa sehemu kubwa ya rasi ya Italia. Katika vita dhidi ya [[Pyrrho]] wa [[Epirus]] (eneo kati ya [[Albania]] na [[Ugiriki]] wa leo) miaka ya [[280 KK]] - [[275 KK]] Roma ilishinda mara ya kwanza dhidi ya jeshi lililotoka nje ya Italia. Vita hii ilisababisha ubwana wa Roma juu ya miji ya Kigiriki kusini mwa Italia ilipaswa kukubali ubwana wa Roma tangu 275 KK pia makabila ya milimani. [[Picha:CarthageMapDe.png|thumb|180px|Eneo la Karthago mnamo 264 kabla ya vita za Kipuni]] == Vita za Wapuni na kipaumbele katika Mediteranea ya magharibi == [[Ushindi]] huo ulisababisha [[ugomvi]] na [[Karthago]] iliyotawala [[pwani]] za [[Mediteranea]] pamoja na [[kisiwa]] kikubwa cha [[Sisilia]]. Hali ya vita ilianza tangu mwaka [[264 KK]] kati ya Roma na watu wa Karthago ("[[Wafinisia]]" au "Wapuni" jinsi walivyoitwa na Waroma). Vita hii ya kwanza ilikwisha mwaka [[241 KK]] na Karthago ilipaswa kuwaachia Waroma Sisilia yote. Katika vita hii Waroma waliendelea kushinda [[bahari]]ni pia, si kwenye [[nchi kavu]] tu. Vita ya pili dhidi ya Wapuni ([[218 KK]] - [[201 KK]]) ilianzishwa na Karthago. Jemadari [[Hanibal]] alitaka kulipiza [[kisasi]] akavuka milima ya [[Alpi]] kwa [[tembo]] zake wa kivita. Alishinda mara kadhaa [[jeshi]] la Waroma lakini Waitalia wengine walisimama imara upande wa Roma. Mwishowe Roma ilishinda mara ya pili na Karthago ilipaswa kuwaachia Waroma pwani yote ya kaskazini-magharibi ya Mediteranea pamoja na [[Gallia]] (leo [[Ufaransa]]) ya kusini, [[Hispania]] na visiwa vya Mediteranea. Karthago ilibaki upande wa Afrika tu. Mabaki ya [[himaya]] ya Karthago, pamoja na mji wenyewe, yalimalizwa na Roma katika vita ya tatu dhidi ya Wapuni kati ya miaka [[149 KK]] na [[146 KK]]. Karthago iliharibiwa kabisa na wakazi wote wasiouawa waliuzwa kama [[watumwa]]. == Upanuzi katika Ugiriki == Wakati wa vita ya pili ya Wapuni mfalme [[Filipo V]] wa [[Makedonia]] aliwahi kuwasaidia Karthago. Roma ilitumia nafasi ya ushindi kupinga upanuzi wa Makedonia katika [[Ugiriki]] kwa kusaidia madola madogo za Ugiriki ya kusini dhidi ya Filipo V. Vita hizi kati ya Roma na Makedonia zilikuwa na [[shabaha]] za kuzuia kipaumbele cha ufalme wowote wa Ugiriki. Roma likabaki katika [[siasa]] ya Ugiriki zaidi kama mtazamaji. Mwaka [[192 KK]] mfalme [[Antioko III]] wa [[milki ya Waseleuko]] aliingia kijeshi katika Ugiriki. Roma ikajibu kwa kutuma [[legioni]] zake na kuanzisha mfululizo wa vita zilizoendelea hadi mwaka [[146 KK]]. Waseleuko walipaswa kujiondoa kabisa katika Ugiriki. Uwezo wa Makedonia ukapunguzwa na sehemu kubwa ya Ugiriki kuwa majimbo ya Kiroma ya [[Akaya]], [[Epirus]] na [[Makedonia]]. [[Jaribio]] la mwisho la Wagiriki kutetea mabaki ya [[uhuru]] wao lilisababisha [[uangamizi]] wa mji wa [[Korintho]] mwaka 146 KK pamoja na uharibifu wa Karthago. == Kuingia Asia == Mwaka [[133 KK]] mfalme wa [[Pergamon]] katika [[Asia Ndogo]] (Uturuki wa leo) aliyeogopa [[fitina]] kati ya warithi wake aliamua kukabidhi milki yake kwa jamhuri ya Roma baada ya [[kifo]] chake. Milki hii ikawa jimbo la Kiroma la Asia lililoonekana kuwa jimbo tajiri kabisa. Tukio hili likawa [[mlango]] wa Roma kupanua zaidi himaya yake katika mashariki ya Mediteranea. Jimbo jipya la "Asia" likavuta wanasiasa Waroma wenye [[hamu]] ya kujitajirisha likawa [[kitovu]] cha [[ufisadi]] katika milki ya Roma. [[Mwanasiasa]] aliyepata nafasi ya kuwa [[gavana]] alikuwa mtu tajiri sana baada ya miaka 2 au 3. Upanuzi wa Dola la Roma lilileta faida lakini matatizo pia: *nafasi ya kujitajirisha katika [[utumishi]] kwenye majimbo mapya ya nje kulisababisha kuongezeka kwa [[gharama]] za kugombea. Maana wanasiasa waliolenga kupata nafasi hizi walikopa na kutumia [[pesa]] nyingi ili wapate [[kura]] nyingi. Waliamini ya kwamba baada ya ushindi wangeweza kurudisha ma[[deni]]. Hali hii ilisababisha kuongezeka kwa [[kiwango]] cha pesa kilichotumiwa kwa [[kampeni za uchaguzi]] kwa jumla. *baada ya kuingiza maeneo mengi ya mbali Waroma waliona athira za [[utamaduni|tamaduni]] za kigeni. Waroma wa miaka ya kwanza ya jamhuri walijivunia maisha bila [[anasa]]. Walidharau ma[[pambo]] na matumizi ya pesa kwa mahitaji ya anasa. Lakini sasa walivuta katika jamii yao watu wa Ugiriki na Asia waliopenda anasa. == Kipindi cha mgogoro == Mafanikio na upanuzi wa jamhuri ya Kiroma vilileta mabadiliko makubwa. Vilisababisha pia kipindi cha [[mgogoro]] kilichoanza kuonekana kwa nguvu pamoja na upanuzi huko Asia. [[Tatizo]] kuu lilikuwa suala la [[ardhi]] pamoja na [[mfumo]] wa jeshi. Mfumo wa jeshi ulisimama juu ya msingi wa kila [[raia]] kushiriki vitani. Kila raia wa Roma alipaswa kubeba silaha na kujiunga na jeshi kama dola liliamua kuwa vita ni lazima. Kila raia alipaswa kujipatia na kugharimia silaha zake. Upanuzi wa dola lilileta matatizo. Hasa [[wakulima]] wengi wadogo walishuka ki[[uchumi]]. Kadiri dola lilivyopanuka na jeshi lilivyopaswa kupiga vita katika maeneo ya mbali, hao wakulima wadogo walipaswa kuondoka kwa muda mrefu zaidi kutoka nyumbani na shambani mwao. [[Utekelezaji]] wa [[kazi]] ulibaki kwa [[wazee]], [[wanawake]] na [[watoto]] pekee. [[Wanaume]] wenyewe, wenye uwezo wa kazi hasa, waliondoka kwenda vitani na kukaa mbali na [[kaya]] kwa vipindi vilivyozidi kuongezeka. Kinyume chake matajiri hawakupata matatizo hayo. Wakiwa na ma[[shamba]] makubwa waliweza kununua watumwa wa kutosha walioweza kulima na kutawala mashamba yao pamoja na wazee na wanawake hadi wenyewe waliporudi. Vilevile matajiri walikuwa na uwezo wa kununua silaha bora, pia [[farasi]] za kupandia na hivyo kushika vyeo vya juu zaidi jeshini. Vyeo vya juu viliwapa sehemu kubwa zaidi ya [[mali]] ya ma[[adui]] iliyoporwa baada ya ushindi. Kutokana na mapato hayo makubwa zaidi waliweza kununua mashamba makubwa zaidi. [[Tokeo]] lake lilikuwa ma[[badiliko]] la kilimo katika Italia: wakulima wadogo walizidi kushuka chini, walipaswa kukopa pesa kwa kujidumu na kuwa na madeni. Mwishowe walipaswa kuuza mashamba yao na kutafuta kazi kama [[vibarua]]. Kinyume chake tabaka la wenye mashamba makubwa liliongezewa [[nguvu]] na [[utajiri]]. Tofauti za kijamii ziliongezeka. Tofauti hizo zilisababisha kutokea kwa kipindi cha machafuko ya kisiasa na ya kijamii ambayo yalipeleka Roma hadi vipindi vya [[vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]]. ==Marejeo== * {{cite book |author=Frank Frost Abbott |year=1901 |title=A History and Description of Roman Political Institutions |publisher=Elibron Classics |isbn=0-543-92749-0 |authorlink=Frank Frost Abbott}} * [[John Crook (classicist)|J. A. Crook]], ''Law and Life of Rome, 90 BC–AD 212'', 1967 (ISBN 0-8014-9273-4). * [[Arther Ferrill]], ''The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Military Explanation'', [[Thames and Hudson]], 1988 (ISBN 0-500-27495-9). * Goldsworthy, Adrian. ''The Complete Roman Army'', [[Thames and Hudson]], 2003 (ISBN 0-500-05124-0). * [[Benjamin Isaac]], "The Limits of Empire: the Roman Army in the East" [[Oxford University Press]], 1992 (ISBN 0-19-814926-3). * [[Andrew Lintott]], ''Imperium Romanum: Politics and administration'', 1993 (ISBN 0-415-09375-9). * [[Edward Luttwak]], ''The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire'', [[Johns Hopkins University Press]], 1976/1979 (ISBN 0-8018-2158-4). *{{Citation | last = Ritti | first = Tullia | last2 = Grewe | first2 = Klaus | last3 = Kessener | first3 = Paul | title = A Relief of a Water-powered Stone Saw Mill on a Sarcophagus at Hierapolis and its Implications | journal = Journal of Roman Archaeology | pages = 138–163 | volume = 20 | year = 2007 }} *{{Citation | last = Schnitter | first = Niklaus | title = Römische Talsperren | journal = Antike Welt | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 25–32 | year = 1978 }} *{{Citation | last = Smith | first = Norman | title = The Roman Dams of Subiaco | journal = Technology and Culture | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 58–68 | year = 1970 | doi=10.2307/3102810 }} *{{Citation | last = Smith | first = Norman | title = A History of Dams | place = London | publisher = Peter Davies | year = 1971 | pages = 25–49 | isbn = 0-432-15090-0 }} {{refend}} ==Marejeo mengine== * [[John Bagnell Bury]], ''A History of the Roman Empire from its Foundation to the death of Marcus Aurelius'', 1913, ISBN 978-1-4367-3416-5 * [[Duncan B. Campbell|Duncan B Campbell]], ''The Rise of Imperial Rome, AD 14-193'', Osprey, 2013, ISBN 978-1-78096-280-1 * [[Winston Churchill]], ''A History of the English-Speaking Peoples'', Cassell, 1998, ISBN 0-304-34912-7 * [[Edward Gibbon]], ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire'', 1776–1789 * [[Adrian Goldsworthy]]. ''In the Name of Rome: The Men Who Won the Roman Empire'', Weidenfield and Nicholson, 2003, ISBN 0-297-84666-3 * [[Michael Grant (author)|Michael Grant]], ''The History of Rome'', [[Faber and Faber]], 1993, ISBN 0-571-11461-X * [[Antonio Santosuosso]], ''Storming the Heavens: Soldiers, Emperors and Civilians in the Roman Empire'', Westview Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8133-3523-X ==Viungo vya nje== {{Sister project links}} {{commons|Roman Empire}} * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/romans Romans for Children] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/romans |date=20090424072929 }}, a BBC website on ancient Rome for children at primary-school level. * [http://www.classicsunveiled.com/romeh/html/index.html Rome Unleashed] {{Wayback|url=http://www.classicsunveiled.com/romeh/html/index.html |date=20140328210703 }}, interactive educational website on ancient Rome for students. * Interactive map of the Roman Empire at [http://vici.org/selectview.php?center=41.95132,12.521118&zoom=4&labels=2 Vici.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171010202718/http://vici.org/selectview.php?center=41.95132,12.521118&zoom=4&labels=2 |date=2017-10-10 }} * [http://tacitus.nu/historical-atlas/rome.htm Historical Atlas] {{Wayback|url=http://tacitus.nu/historical-atlas/rome.htm |date=20150801171701 }} showing the expansion of the Roman Empire. * [http://roman-empire.net/ Roman-Empire.net], learning resources and re-enactments. * [http://pbs.org/empires/romans/index.html The Roman Empire in the First Century] (PBS). * [http://www.unrv.com/ United Nations of Roma Victrix] * [http://www.knowtheromans.co.uk/ The Romans] {{Wayback|url=http://www.knowtheromans.co.uk/ |date=20120415030316 }} * [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11745/ The Historical Theater in the Year 400 AD, in Which Both Romans and Barbarians Resided Side by Side in the Eastern Part of the Roman Empire] {{Wayback|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11745/ |date=20131029201125 }} {{madola}} {{mbegu-historia}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Roma, Dola la}} [[Jamii:Dola la Roma|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za kihistoria za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za kihistoria za Afrika]] [[Jamii:Nchi za kihistoria za Asia]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Italia]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Afrika]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Asia]] [[Jamii:Mediteranea]] [[Jamii:Madola]] jqnd1ls3wjeassx8nzy3tyrvasibne3 GNU Free Documentation License 0 14548 1543939 1524996 2026-05-15T20:45:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Tafsiri}} {{Infobox software license | name = GNU Free Documentation License | image = [[File:GFDL Logo.svg|160px]] | caption = The GFDL logo | author = [[Free Software Foundation]] | version = 1.3 | publisher = Free Software Foundation, Inc. | date = November 3, 2008 (current version) | spdx = {{Unbulleted list|GFDL-1.3-or-later |GFDL-1.3-only |GFDL-1.2-or-later |GFDL-1.2-only |GFDL-1.1-or-later |GFDL-1.1-only }} ([https://spdx.org/licenses/ see list for more]) | Debian approved = Yes, with no invariant sections (see below) | GPL compatible = No | copyleft = Yes }} '''GNU Free Documentation License''' ('''GNU FDL''' au '''GFDL''') ni [[leseni]] huru kwa ajili ya nyaraka huria iliyobuniwa na [[Free Software Foundation]] (FSF) kwa ajili ya [[GNU Project]]. Leseni hii inafanana na [[GNU General Public License]], kwa kuwa inawapa wasomaji haki ya kunakili, kusambaza, na kurekebisha kazi (isipokuwa kwa "sehemu zisizobadilika"), na inahitaji kwamba nakala zote na kazi zinazotokana nazo ziwe chini ya leseni hiyo hiyo. Nakala za kazi pia zinaweza kuuzwa kibiashara, lakini iwapo zitazalishwa kwa wingi (zaidi ya nakala 100), hati asilia au msimbo wa chanzo lazima utolewe kwa mpokeaji wa kazi hiyo. GFDL iliundwa mahsusi kwa ajili ya miongozo ya watumiaji, vitabu vya kiada, vifaa vingine vya rejea na mafunzo, na nyaraka zinazotolewa pamoja na programu za GNU. Hata hivyo, inaweza kutumika kwa kazi yoyote inayotegemea maandishi, bila kujali mada yake. Kwa mfano, kamusi elezo huru ya mtandaoni [[Wikipedia]] inatumia GFDL (pamoja na [[Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike License]]) kwa sehemu kubwa ya maandishi yake, isipokuwa maandishi yaliyoingizwa kutoka vyanzo vingine baada ya mabadiliko ya leseni ya mwaka 2009, ambayo yanapatikana tu chini ya leseni ya Creative Commons.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=29 June 2023 |title=WIKIPEDIA MOVES TO CC 4.0 LICENSES |url=https://creativecommons.org/2023/06/29/wikipedia-moves-to-cc-4-0-licenses/ |access-date=4 June 2024 |website=Creative Commons}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=FSF Releases New Version of GNU Free Documentation License — Free Software Foundation — Working together for free software |url=https://www.fsf.org/news/fdl-1.3-pr.html |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=www.fsf.org}}</ref> == Historia == Leseni ya GFDL ilitolewa kwa rasimu ili kupata maoni mnamo Septemba 1999.<ref>{{cite newsgroup |title=New Documentation License—Comments Requested |author=Richard Stallman |date=September 12, 1999 |newsgroup=gnu.misc.discuss |message-id=gnusenet199909120759.DAA04152@psilocin.gnu.org |url=http://tech-insider.org/free-software/research/1999/0912.html |access-date=August 17, 2017 |archive-date=2022-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221226013937/https://www.tech-insider.org/free-software/research/1999/0912.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Baada ya marekebisho, toleo la 1.1 lilitolewa mnamo Machi 2000, toleo la 1.2 mnamo Novemba 2002, na toleo la 1.3 mnamo Novemba 2008. Hali ya sasa ya leseni ni toleo la 1.3.<ref name="onepoint3faq">{{cite web|url=https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3-faq.html |title=GFDL v1.3 FAQ |publisher=GNU |access-date=November 7, 2011}}</ref> Mnamo Desemba 1, 2007, mwanzilishi wa Wikipedia [[Jimmy Wales]] alitangaza kwamba kipindi kirefu cha majadiliano na mazungumzo kati ya Free Software Foundation, Creative Commons, [[Wikimedia Foundation]] na wengine kilizaa pendekezo lililoungwa mkono na FSF na Creative Commons kubadilisha Leseni ya Nyaraka Huru ili kutoa uwezekano kwa Wikimedia Foundation kuhamisha miradi yake kwa leseni inayofanana ya [[Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike]] (CC BY-SA).<ref>{{cite web |last=Lessig |first=Lawrence |url=http://lessig.org/blog/2007/12/some_important_news_from_wikip.html |title=Some important news from Wikipedia to understand clearly |publisher=Lessig Blog |date=December 1, 2007 |access-date=November 7, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026061623/http://lessig.org/blog/2007/12/some_important_news_from_wikip.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Resolution:License_update |title=Resolution:License update |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation |access-date=November 7, 2011}}</ref> Mabadiliko haya yalitekelezwa kwenye toleo la 1.3 la leseni, ambalo linajumuisha kifungu kipya kinachoruhusu baadhi ya vifaa vilivyotolewa chini ya leseni ya (GFDL) kutumika pia chini ya leseni ya Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike.<ref name="onepoint3faq"/> == Masharti == Vifaa vilivyotolewa chini ya toleo la sasa la leseni vinaweza kutumika kwa madhumuni yoyote, alimradi tu matumizi hayo yatekeleze masharti fulani. * Waandishi wote wa awali wa kazi lazima watambuliwe kama ilivyoainishwa. * Mabadiliko yoyote kwenye kazi lazima yarekodiwe. * Kazi zote za asili lazima ziwe chini ya leseni hiyo hiyo. * Nakala kamili ya leseni, sehemu zisizobadilika kama ilivyoainishwa na mwandishi kama zipo, na yoyote nyingine ya onyo la dhamana (kama onyo la jumla linaloonya wasomi kuwa hati hiyo inaweza kuwa si sahihi kwa mfano) pamoja na matangazo ya hakimiliki kutoka toleo za awali lazima zishikewe. * Hatua za kiufundi kama vile usimamizi wa hak za kidijitali (DRM) haziruhusiwi kutumika kudhibiti au kuzuia usambazaji au uhariri wa hati. === Secondary sections === The license explicitly separates any kind of "Document" from "Secondary Sections", which may not be integrated with the Document, but exist as front-matter materials or appendices. Secondary sections can contain information regarding the author's or publisher's relationship to the subject matter, but not any subject matter itself. While the Document itself is wholly editable and is essentially covered by a license equivalent to (but mutually incompatible with) the [[GNU General Public License]], some of the secondary sections have various restrictions designed primarily to deal with proper attribution to previous authors. Specifically, the authors of prior versions have to be acknowledged and certain "invariant sections" specified by the original author and dealing with his or her relationship to the subject matter may not be changed. If the material is modified, its title has to be changed (unless the prior authors permit to retain the title). The license also has provisions for the handling of front-cover and back-cover texts of books, as well as for "History", "Acknowledgements", "Dedications" and "Endorsements" sections. These features were added in part to make the license more financially attractive to commercial publishers of software documentation, some of whom were consulted during the drafting of the GFDL.<ref name=why>{{cite web |first1=Richard |last1=Stallman |url=https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-gfdl.html |title=Why publishers should use the GNU FDL |access-date=July 17, 2009 |website=GNU}}</ref><ref name="gnufaq">GNU Project: "[https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#WhyNotGPLForManuals Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU Licenses: Why don't you use the GPL for manuals?]"</ref> "Endorsements" sections are intended to be used in official standard documents, where the distribution of modified versions should only be permitted if they are not labeled as that standard anymore.<ref name="gnufaq"/> === Commercial redistribution === The GFDL requires the ability to "copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially" and therefore is incompatible with material that excludes commercial re-use. As mentioned above, the GFDL was designed with commercial publishers in mind, as Stallman explained:{{quote|The GFDL is meant as a way to enlist commercial publishers in funding free documentation without surrendering any vital liberty. The 'cover text' feature, and certain other aspects of the license that deal with covers, title page, history, and endorsements, are included to make the license appealing to commercial publishers for books whose authors are paid.<ref name=why/>}} Material that restricts commercial re-use is incompatible with the license and cannot be incorporated into the work. However, incorporating such restricted material may be [[fair use]] under United States copyright law (or [[fair dealing]] in some other countries) and does not need to be licensed to fall within the GFDL if such fair use is covered by all potential subsequent uses. One example of such liberal and commercial fair use is [[parody]]. ===Compatibility with Creative Commons licensing terms=== Although the two licenses work on similar copyleft principles, the GFDL is not compatible with the [[Creative Commons licenses|Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license]]. However, at the request of the [[Wikimedia Foundation]],<ref name="onepoint3faq"/> version 1.3 added a time-limited section allowing specific types of websites using the GFDL to additionally offer their work under the CC BY-SA license. These exemptions allow a GFDL-based collaborative project with multiple authors to transition to the CC BY-SA 3.0 license, without first obtaining the permission of every author, if the work satisfies several conditions:<ref name="onepoint3faq"/> * The work must have been produced on a "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (MMC), such as a public [[wiki]] for example. * If external content originally published on a MMC is present on the site, the work must have been licensed under Version 1.3 of the GNU FDL, or an earlier version but with the "or any later version" declaration, with no cover texts or invariant sections. If it was not originally published on an MMC, it can only be [[Software relicensing|relicensed]] if it were added to an MMC before November 1, 2008. To prevent the clause from being used as a general compatibility measure, the license itself only allowed the change to occur before August 1, 2009. At the release of version 1.3, the FSF stated that all content added before November 1, 2008, to Wikipedia as an example satisfied the conditions. The Wikimedia Foundation itself after a public referendum, invoked this process to [[dual-license]] content released under the GFDL under the [[CC BY-SA]] license in June 2009, and adopted a foundation-wide attribution policy for the use of content from Wikimedia Foundation projects. ==Enforcement== There have currently been no cases involving the GFDL in a court of law, although its sister license for software, the [[GNU General Public License]], has been successfully enforced in such a setting.<ref>{{cite web |title=BusyBox and the GPL Prevail Again – Updated 4Xs |url=http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20100803132055210 |first=Pamela |last=Jones |work=[[Groklaw]] |date=August 3, 2010 |access-date=May 17, 2019 |archive-date=2010-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804000246/http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20100803132055210 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Although the content of [[Wikipedia]] has been plagiarized and used in violation of the GFDL by other sites, such as [[Baidu Baike]], no contributors have ever tried to bring an organization to court due to violation of the GFDL. In the case of Baidu, Wikipedia representatives asked the site and its contributors to respect the terms of the licenses and to make proper attributions.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/135550/article.html |title=Baidu May Be Worst Wikipedia Copyright Violator |publisher=[[PC World (magazine)|PC World]] |date=August 6, 2007 |access-date=September 10, 2007 |archive-date=April 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421051401/http://www.pcworld.com/article/135550/article.html |url-status=dead |accessdate=2023-02-17 |archivedate=2016-04-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421051401/http://www.pcworld.com/article/135550/article.html }}</ref> ==Criticism== Some critics consider the GFDL a non-free license. Some reasons for this are that the GFDL allows "invariant" text which cannot be modified or removed, and that its prohibition against [[digital rights management]] (DRM) systems applies to valid usages, like for "private copies made and not distributed".<ref name="nerode2007">{{cite web|url=http://home.twcny.rr.com/nerode/neroden/fdl.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210175219/http://home.twcny.rr.com/nerode/neroden/fdl.html |archive-date=December 10, 2007 |title=Why You Shouldn't Use the GNU FDL |date=December 10, 2007 |access-date=November 7, 2011|first=Nathanael|last=Nerode}}</ref> Notably, the [[Debian]] project,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://people.debian.org/~srivasta/Position_Statement.xhtml |title=Draft Debian Position Statement about the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL)|year=2006|access-date=September 25, 2007 |first=Manoj |last=Srivastava |quote=''It is not possible to borrow text from a GFDL'd manual and incorporate it in any free software program whatsoever. This is not a mere license incompatibility. It's not just that the GFDL is incompatible with this or that free software license: it's that it is fundamentally incompatible with any free software license whatsoever. So if you write a new program, and you have no commitments at all about what license you want to use, saving only that it be a free license, you cannot include GFDL'd text. The GNU FDL, as it stands today, does not meet the Debian Free Software Guidelines. There are significant problems with the license, as detailed above; and, as such, we cannot accept works licensed under the GNU FDL into our distribution.''}}</ref> [[Thomas Bushnell]],<ref name="lwn">{{cite web |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/59147/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120713142623/http://lwn.net/Articles/59147/ |archive-date=July 13, 2012 |title=Thomas Bushnell dismissed from Hurd project for criticizing GFDL |publisher=archive.is |access-date=April 16, 2017 |date=November 19, 2003 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nathanael Nerode,<ref name="nerode2003">{{cite web|url=http://home.twcny.rr.com/nerode/neroden/fdl.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031009105046/http://home.twcny.rr.com/nerode/neroden/fdl.html |archive-date=October 9, 2003 |title=Why You Shouldn't Use the GNU FDL |access-date=November 7, 2011 |first=Nathanael |last=Nerode |date=September 24, 2003}}</ref> and [[Bruce Perens]]<ref name="Bruceperens2003">{{cite web|url=https://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/09/msg00091.html |publisher=lists.debian.org/debian-legal |title=stepping in between Debian and FSF |author=Bruce Perens |author-link=Bruce Perens |date=September 2, 2003 |access-date=March 20, 2016 |quote=FSF, a Free Software organization, isn't being entirely true to the Free Software ethos while it is promoting a license that allows invariant sections to be applied to anything but the license text and attribution. FSF is not Creative Commons:the documentation that FSF handles is an essential component of FSF's Free Software, and should be treated as such. In that light, the GFDL isn't consistent with the ethos that FSF has promoted for 19 years.}}</ref> have raised objections. Bruce Perens saw the GFDL even outside the "Free Software ethos":<ref name="Bruceperens2003"/> {{quote|"FSF, a Free Software organization, isn't being entirely true to the [[Free Software]] ethos while it is promoting a license that allows invariant sections to be applied to anything but the license text and attribution. [...] the GFDL isn't consistent with the ethos that FSF has promoted for 19 years."}} In 2006, Debian developers voted to consider works licensed under the GFDL to comply with their [[Debian Free Software Guidelines]] provided that the invariant section clauses are not used.<ref name=debianresolution>Debian: "[http://www.debian.org/vote/2006/vote_001.en.html#amendmenttexta General Resolution: Why the GNU Free Documentation License is not suitable for Debian main – Amendment Text A]". 2006. (Accessed June 20, 2009)</ref> However, their resolution stated that even without invariant sections, GFDL-licensed software documentation is considered to be "still not free of trouble" by the project, namely because of its incompatibility with the major free software licenses.<ref name=debianresolution/> Those opposed to the GFDL have recommended the use of alternative licenses such as the [[BSD License]] or the GNU GPL.<ref name=debianresolution/> The [[FLOSS Manuals]] foundation, an organization devoted to creating manuals for free software, decided to eschew the GFDL in favor of the GPL for its texts in 2007, citing the incompatibility between the two, difficulties in implementing the GFDL, and the fact that the GFDL "does not allow for easy duplication and modification", especially for digital documentation.<ref>{{cite web |title=License Change|url=http://en.flossmanuals.net/bin/view/Blog/LicenseChange/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20080228211105/http://en.flossmanuals.net/bin/view/Blog/LicenseChange/|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 28, 2008|website=[[FLOSS Manuals]] Blog |access-date=June 20, 2009 | date=June 6, 2007}}</ref> ===DRM clause=== The GNU FDL contains the statement: {{quotation|You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute.}} A criticism of this language is that it is too broad, because it applies to private copies made but not distributed. This means that a licensee is not allowed to save document copies "made" in a proprietary file format or using encryption. In 2003, [[Richard Stallman]] said about the above sentence on the debian-legal mailing list:<ref>{{cite web |first1=Richard |last1=Stallman |date=September 6, 2003 |url=http://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/09/msg00212.html |title=Re: A possible GFDL compromise| access-date=September 25, 2007 |website=Debian Mailing Lists – debian-legal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023074846/https://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/09/msg00212.html |archive-date= October 23, 2023 }}</ref> {{quotation|This means that you cannot publish them under DRM systems to restrict the possessors of the copies. It isn't supposed to refer to use of encryption or file access control on your own copy. I will talk with our lawyer and see if that sentence needs to be clarified.}} ===Invariant sections=== A GNU FDL work can quickly be encumbered because a new, different title must be given and a list of previous titles must be kept. This could lead to the situation where there are a whole series of title pages, and dedications, in each and every copy of the book if it has a long lineage. These pages cannot be removed until the work enters the [[public domain]] after [[copyright]] expires. [[Richard Stallman]] said about invariant sections on the ''debian-legal'' mailing list:<ref>{{cite web |first1=Richard |last1=Stallman |date=August 23, 2003 |url=http://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/08/msg00807.html |title=Re: A possible GFDL compromise| access-date=September 25, 2007|website=Debian Mailing Lists – debian-legal |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231023074535/https://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/08/msg00807.html |archive-date= October 23, 2023 }}</ref> {{quotation|The goal of invariant sections, ever since the 80s when we first made the GNU Manifesto an invariant section in the Emacs Manual, was to make sure they could not be removed. Specifically, to make sure that distributors of Emacs that also distribute non-free software could not remove the statements of our philosophy, which they might think of doing because those statements criticize their actions.}} ===GPL incompatible in both directions=== The GNU FDL is [[License compatibility|incompatible]] in both directions with the GPL—material under the GNU FDL cannot be put into GPL code and GPL code cannot be put into a GNU FDL manual.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Braakman |first=Richard |date=April 20, 2003 |title=Re: Proposed statement wrt GNU FDL |url=http://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/04/msg00258.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208072807/https://lists.debian.org/debian-legal/2003/04/msg00258.html |archive-date=December 8, 2023 |website=Debian Mailing Lists – debian-legal}}</ref> At the June 22–23, 2006 international GPLv3 conference in Barcelona, [[Eben Moglen]] hinted that a future version of the GPL could be made suitable for documentation:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fsfe.org/projects/gplv3/barcelona-moglen-transcript#lgpl |title=Transcript of Eben Moglen at the 3rd international GPLv3 conference: LGPL, like merging electronic weak |access-date=June 20, 2009 |date=June 22, 2006 |website=Free Software Foundation Europe |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807080218/http://fsfe.org/projects/gplv3/barcelona-moglen-transcript#lgpl |archive-date= August 7, 2011 }}</ref> {{quotation|By expressing LGPL as just an additional permission on top of GPL we simplify our licensing landscape drastically. It's like for physics getting rid of a force, right? We just unified electro-weak, ok? The grand unified field theory still escapes us until the document licences too are just additional permissions on top of GPL. I don't know how we'll ever get there, that's gravity, it's really hard.}} ===Burdens when printing=== The GNU FDL requires that licensees, when printing a document covered by the license, must also include "this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document". This means that if a licensee prints out a copy of an article whose text is covered under the GNU FDL, they must also include a copyright notice and a physical printout of the GNU FDL, which is a significantly large document in itself. Worse, the same is required for the standalone use of just one (for example, Wikipedia) image.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://notablog.notafish.com/post/2005/04/21/26-why-the-wikimedia-projects-should-not-use-gfdl-as-a-stand-alone-license-for-images |title=Why the Wikimedia projects should not use GFDL as a stand alone license for images |publisher=Notablog.notafish.com |date=April 21, 2005 |access-date=March 14, 2021}}</ref> Several Wikimedia projects have over the years abandoned the use of GFDL, among them the English Wikipedia, which has relicensed the files.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/305892/ |first=Jonathan |last=Corbet |title=GFDL 1.3: Wikipedia's exit permit |date=November 5, 2008 |access-date=June 8, 2023 |newspaper=LWN.net}}</ref> [[Wikivoyage]], a web site dedicated to [[free content]] travel guides, chose not to use the GFDL from the beginning because it considers it unsuitable for short printed texts.<ref>[[Wikivoyage:Project:Why Wikivoyage isn't GFDL]]</ref> == Other licenses for free works == * [[Creative Commons license]] * [[Design Science License]] * [[Free Art License]] * [[FreeBSD Documentation License]] * [[Open Content License]] * [[Open Game License]] * [[Open Publication License]] * [[WTFPL]] == List of projects that use the GFDL == {{dynamic list}} * Most projects of the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], including [[Wikipedia]] (excluding [[Wikivoyage]] and [[Wikinews]]) – On June 15, 2009, the Section 11 clauses were used to dual-license the content of these wikis under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license and GFDL. * An Anarchist FAQ * [[Citizendium]] – the project uses GFDL for articles originally from Wikipedia. * [[Free On-line Dictionary of Computing]] * [[Last.fm]] – artist descriptions are under GFDL * [[Marxists Internet Archive]] * [[PlanetMath]] (now uses CC BY-SA license) * [[Rosetta Code]] * [[SourceWatch]] * The specification documents that define [[TRAK]], an [[enterprise architecture framework]], are released under the GFDL. * ''Abstract Algebra'' by Thomas W. Judson.<ref>{{cite web | last1=Judson | first1=Thomas W. | title=Abstract Algebra: Theory and Applications | year=2015 | url=http://abstract.ups.edu/ | accessdate=2023-02-17 | archive-date=2013-07-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701030707/http://abstract.ups.edu/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> * the [[Baseball-Reference]]'s BR Bullpen, a free user-contributed baseball wiki == See also == {{Portal|Free and open-source software}} <!-- Please keep entries in alphabetical order & add a short description [[WP:SEEALSO]] --> {{div col|small=yes|colwidth=20em}} * [[BSD licenses]] * [[Copyleft]] * [[Copyright]] * [[Free-software license]] * [[GNU]] * [[Non-commercial educational station]] * [[Free content]] * [[Share-alike]] * [[Software license]] {{div col end}} <!-- please keep entries in alphabetical order --> == References == {{Reflist|35em}} ==External links== * [https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3.html GNU Free Documentation License v1.3] * [https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/fdl-1.2.html GNU Free Documentation License v1.2]—This version is [[deprecated]] by the FSF. * [https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/fdl-1.1.html GNU Free Documentation License v1.1]—This version is [[deprecated]] by the FSF. {{listen|filename=GFDL (English).ogg|title=Listen to the GFDL (0:23:28) version 1.2, November 2002, (recorded 2005-05-28)|description=Audio recording of the full text of the GNU Free Documentation License.|format=[[Ogg]]}} * [http://gplv3.fsf.org/doclic-dd1-guide.html FSF guide to the new drafts of documentation licenses] {{Wayback|url=http://gplv3.fsf.org/doclic-dd1-guide.html |date=20120205175357 }} * [https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-doc.html Free Software and Free Manuals] {{Wayback|url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-doc.html |date=20210815064923 }}, essay by Richard Stallman * [https://opensource.apple.com/cdl/ Apple's Common Documentation License] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090331154525/http://www.opensource.apple.com/cdl/ |date=March 31, 2009 }}, an alternative license {{GNU}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gnu Free Documentation License}} dd6rqfgo0239zmvod0dkb8hqqb9froi Mel Gibson 0 14566 1544053 1375565 2026-05-16T02:20:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Muigizaji | rangi = Khaki | jina = Mel Gibson | picha = Mel Gibson Cannes 2011 - 2.jpg | maelezo_ya_picha = Mel Gibson kwenye ''2011 Cannes Film Festival'' | jina la kuzaliwa = Mel Columcille Gerard Gibson | alizaliwa = [[3 Januari]] [[1956]] <br />[[Marekani]] | kafariki = | jina lingine = | kazi yake = Mwigizaji<br />Mwongozaji<br />Mtaarishaji | miaka ya kazi = 1976 - hadi leo | ndoa = Robyn Moore Gibson <br />(1980–2011) | rafiki = | watoto = Hannah (b. 1980)<ref>[http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-moms/news/mel-gibson-welcomes-third-grandchild-2011143 "Mel Gibson Welcomes Third Grandchild"], US Weekly, 14 Machi 2011. Retrieved 7 Oktoba 2012. Excerpt: "Gibson's daughter Hannah, 30, gave birth to a baby boy..."</ref><br /> Edward (b.1982)<br /> Christian (b.1982)<br /> William (b. 1985)<br /> Louis (b.1988)<br /> Milo (b. 1990)<br /> Thomas (b. 1999)<br /> Lucia (b. 2009)<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-11-03/mel-gibson-names-new-daughter-lucia/1127068 "Mel Gibson names new daughter Lucia"], ABC News Online, 3 Novemba 2009. Retrieved 9 Oktoba 2012.</ref> | wazazi = Hutton Gibson<br />Anne Patricia | mahusiano = | tovuti = }} '''Mel Columcille Gerard Gibson''' (amezaliwa tar. [[3 Januari]] [[1956]]) ni mzaliwa wa [[Marekani]]-mwigizaji wa filamu, mwongozaji na pia mtayarishaji. Gibson alihamia [[Australia]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 12 na baadaye alisomea maswala ya uigizaji katika Taasisi ya Sanaa na Maigizo ya Taifa (kwa Kiing.: ''National Institute of Dramatic Art'') iliyopo mjini [[Sydney]], [[Australia]]. Gibson baada ya kujiimarisha mwenyewe kama jina la mwenye kijiji katika mfululizo wa filamu ya Mad Max na Lethal Weapon. Gibson vile vile alikwenda kushiriki katika ugawaji wa tuzo ya [[Academy Awards|Oscars]] na akabahatika kuwa mshindi wa tuzo hiyo kama mwigizaji na mwongozaji bora wa filamu (filamu ilikuwa: Braveheart). Kuongoza kwake filamu ya Braveheart kume mfanya awe nyota wa sita wa filamu aliegeuka kuwa mtengenezaji wa filamu kwa kupokea [[Tuzo za Oscars|tuzo ya Oscar]] kama mwongozaji bora. Mnamo mwaka 2004, aliongoza na kuitaarisha filamu ya The Passion of the Christ, filamu yenye mafanikio makubwa, iliyoonyesha saa na maisha ya mwisho ya [[Yesu]]. Gibson ni Ofisa mwamrishi wa Australia na vile vile alipewa cheo na gazeti la Forbes (Forbes magazine) kwa kuwa kama mmoja wa watu mashuhuri wenye nguvu duniani mnamo mwaka [[2004]]. == Filamu alizoigiza/Kuongoza na kutunga == * ''Mad Max'' (1979) * ''Mad Max 2'' (1981) * ''Gallipoli (1981 film)Gallipoli'' (1981) * ''The Year of Living Dangerously'' (1982) * ''The Bounty'' (1984) * ''Mrs. Soffel'' (1984) * ''Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome'' (1985) * ''Lethal Weapon'' (1987) * ''Tequila Sunrise (film)Tequila Sunrise'' (1988) * ''Lethal Weapon 2'' (1989) * ''Hamlet (1990 film)Hamlet'' (1990) * ''Air America (film)Air America'' (1990) * ''Bird on a Wire (film)Bird on a Wire'' (1990) * ''Forever Young'' (1991) * ''Lethal Weapon 3'' (1992) * ''Maverick (film)Maverick'' (1994) * ''Ransom (film)Ransom'' (1996) * ''Conspiracy Theory'' (1997) * ''Lethal Weapon 4'' (1998) * ''Payback (film)Payback'' (1999) * ''Chicken Run'' (2000) * ''The Patriot (2000 film)The Patriot'' (2000) * ''What Women Want'' (2000) * ''We Were Soldiers'' (2002) * ''Signs (film)Signs'' (2002) === Kama mwigizaji/ mwongozaji === * ''The Man Without a Face'' (1993) * ''Braveheart'' (1995) === Kama mwongozaji na mtunzi-mshiriki === * ''The Passion of the Christ'' (2004) * ''Apocalypto'' (2006) === Kama nyota mwalikwa === * ''The Simpsons'' (1999) == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} # http://www.filmsite.org/aa95.html # http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=passionofthechrist.htm # http://money.cnn.com/2004/06/17/news/newsmakers/forbes_stars/index.htm {{Wayback|url=http://money.cnn.com/2004/06/17/news/newsmakers/forbes_stars/index.htm |date=20071201035435 }} # http://www.wargs.com/other/gibson.html == Viungo vya Nje == {{commons|Mel Gibson}} * {{imdb name|id=0000154|name=Mel Gibson}} * [https://archive.today/20121209021309/www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1174684,00.html/ Time Magazine: Apocalpto Now] * {{dmoz|Arts/People/G/Gibson,_Mel/}} * [http://www.notstarring.com/actors/gibson-mel Roles turned down by Mel Gibson] {{Wayback|url=http://www.notstarring.com/actors/gibson-mel |date=20071002214537 }} {{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gibson, Mel}} [[Jamii:Waigizaji Filamu wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji Filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] jljmfd48l31mss4vhu2225uahj02927 Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni 3 14699 1543785 1543664 2026-05-15T14:35:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Mradi wa Nchi */ 1543785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{archive box collapsible| *[[User:Riccardo Riccioni/Archive 1|Januri 2008 — Juni 9, 2024]] }} ==Fransisko wa Asizi== Riccardo, salam. Nd. Riccardo, ile makala ya Fransisko wa Asizi, umeandika safi sana na inaeleweka. Lakini je vipi kuhusu mwaka aliozaliwa huyu bwana unaujua? Natumai utakuwa umeitafsiri kutoka wiki zingine ama sivyo? Natumai ndivyo!! Basi kama utaweza kuandika mwanzo kabisa mwaka aliozaliwa itakuwa bora zaidi. Labada nikupe mfano mdogo: '''Fransisko wa Asizi''' (tarehe na mwaka aliozaliwa) alikuwa mtakatifu kutoka nchini Italia. Asizi alizaliwa katika mkoa wa Umbria, wilaya ya Perugia, Italia.... Kisha unaweka kama ndugu na mambo mengine!! Haya basi kama hujaelewa labda umwulize Kipala atakupa habari zaidi!! Kingine usisahau kuweka InterWiki katika makala yako kama ipo katika wiki zingine-'''<nowiki>[[it:Fransisko of Asizi]]</nowiki>''' (sijui kwa lugha ya Kitaliano wanahitaje) lakini inategemea na lugha vyovyote vile inaswihi. Kingine kuweka vichwa katika makala, hili nenda kaangalie makala yako utaona nimefanya vipi mpaka kimekuja kichwa cha habari-[[Fransisko wa Asizi]]. Sina mengi na nakutakia kheri ya mwaka mpya na furaha tele moyoni!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:08, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) Kuna kitu nimesahau kukueleza. Kuweka jamii au category katika makala, mfano: '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki>''' au '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu]]</nowiki>''' na nyingine ya mwaka aliozaliwa -unaweka mabano kama hayo kisha unaadika (Waliozaliwa 19 na...) kama kafa unaandika Waliofariki (mwaka aliokufa). Natumai utakuwa umeelewa!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:20, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello Riccardo. I've seen in article's history (Tafsiri ya Vishazi na Virai ...) that you removed the image that goes with the article. I thought it's a good Wikipedia practice to communicate with you to inquire for the reason. '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 18:03, 8 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Yes, it's a good practice. The reason is that the image was not more visible. I don't know why, but if you can restore its visibility, let you do. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:56, 9 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[:File:Sumbawan languages.png]] == Hi Ricardo! helped me to add this Linguistic map of the Sumbawa language to Wikipedia English for the Sumbawa language thanks. [[File:Sumbawan languages.png|thumb|Areas where Sumbawa language is spoken]] [[Maalum:Michango/140.213.127.134|140.213.127.134]] 16:51, 15 Juni 2024 (UTC) Why don't you yourself add it? I see there a editing war... Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 16 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ha ha ha h aha... Umeona siwe tabu. Dah! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]] 10:00, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[Wikipedia:Makala_za_msingi/Sanaa]] == Ndugu [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Unadhani una muda wa kupitia makala za msingi? Pengine ukatafsiri vichwa vya makala? Nitaangalia namna ya kujaza makala hayo. Lakini nitahakikisha yanakuwemo humu. Unisamehe sana kwa usumbufu. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]] 09:59, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ndugu, kazi hiyo ni kubwa sana, ila bahati nzuri tulikwishafanya mimi na marehemu wetu mpenzi Kipala. Tazama: [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi 1000 - orodha ya awali iliyopanuliwa]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo/Zote 1000]]. Sijui kwa nini wanaoandaa edithatons wanaelekeza wahariri wapya kuandika makala juu ya watu wasiojulikana sana au ni maarufu kwa ushoga wao badala ya kutunga kurasa hizi za msingi... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Unisamehe kwa kutunza kumbukumbu zako nje ya mfuko wa majadiliano == Ndugu Riccardo, Kama umetambua hivi sasa majadiliano yako yanaonekana kiduchu sana. Nimeyahifadhi katika nyaraka zako kwa vile ni muhimu sana ziwepo. Pia unisamehe kwa kuja nyumbani na kuvunja vitu pasipo-adabu! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]] 07:43, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) No problem! Tuko pamoja. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Pendekezo la kuondoa wakabidhi == Ndugu Riccardo, Kuna pendekezo hapa. Naomba upige kura; https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Pendekezo_la_kuondoa_WAKABIDHI_wasio_hai Amani kwako. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]] 06:11, 8 Julai 2024 (UTC) == Deleting files == Hello! I can't find the administrators notice board so I write to you because you are the most active admin. All files need a valid license and I noticed that a number of files on [[Maalum:FailiZisizotumika]] does not have a valid license. Some have been nominated for deletion and can be seen in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. Perhaps you can have a look and delete the files? The files in [[:Jamii:NowCommons]] can most likely also be deleted. Also GFDL is not a good license for media files so perhaps you can remove it from [[MediaWiki:Licenses]]? --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 17:45, 17 Agosti 2024 (UTC) Please do NOT use page blanking as deletion replacement, but please always DELETE for real. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 13:06, 30 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Ahsante sana bwana Riccardo == '''Kiongozi''', nimefurahishwa sana na marekebisho ya kiufundi uliyoyafanya kwenye makala ya changamoto za Kiswahili. ''Aluta continua.'' Idumu Wikipidia ya Kiswahili''.'' '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 16:56, 30 Agosti 2024 (UTC) ==Childbirth== Does SW WP not have an article on childbirth?[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34581#sitelinks-wikipedia]. Not clear why this one was removed?[https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuzaa&action=history] [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 07:08, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :Dear doctor, as you know from the past, the translations you promote have very problems, starting from the titles. We had an article about generation, but not about human childbirth. Now I have transferred your page on kuzaa to a new one about [[kujifungua]], that is human childbirth. No more. We are trying to accept your contributions, though recurrent mistakes, e.g. many links in the text redirecting to English title not existing in Sw Wiki, or missing categories below. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:51, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for being willing to collaborate. I am of course working with volunteers and introducing them to Wikipedia. While they are generally language experts / translators they are not Wikipedia experts. ::We can put all articles translated into [[Jamii:Afya]]/[[Jamii:Madawa]] automatically if that would help. Have added attribution to Kujifungua. ::What do you mean by "many links in the text redirecting to English title". The software should automatically be substituting EN link with SW links and if it is not I can file a bug report. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:16, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::Software is a machine... I found such wrong links in your articles, though I had not time to correct all of them. Peace to you, doctor! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Okay found the link issue... Will see what is happening and what we can do to prevent it going forwards. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:31, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::::E.G. link to [[affect (psychology)]] in the first text of the now redirected Ugonjwa wa kutotulia kihisia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:34, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::Thank you for all your help. We will continue to work on improving our efforts. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 10:14, 9 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Padre Giovanni Losi == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace! Come stai? Io abbastanza bene!!! A dine mese avremo un nuovo parroco, don Andrea Legranzini, proveniente da Boffalora d'Adda. Lo aspettiamo felici!!! Ti chiedo, per favore, un piccolo favore, se potessi aprirmi questa piccola pagina in Swahili. Ri invio una bozza: <nowiki>[[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' (amezaliwa [[Caselle Landi]], 29 November 1838 – 27 December 1882) ni alikuwa kasisi wa Kiitaliano na mmisionari [[Kanisa Katoliki|Mkatoliki]] nchini [[Italia]]. Alipewa upadre mwaka 1862, mwaka 1872 alikwenda Sudan pamoja na Daniele Comboni, hadi El-Obeid.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> aliandika, pamoja na Padre Bonomi, katekisimu na kamusi ya lugha ya Kinubi.<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya kifo cha Comboni mnamo 1881, alikua mrithi wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> La traduzuione sarebbe: Ordinato sacerdote nel 1862, nel 1872 andò in Sudan con daniele Comboni, a El-Obeid. ha scitto, con padre Bonomi, un catechismo e un dizionario della lingua Nubiana. Alla morte di Comboni, nel 1881, è diventato il suo successore fino al 1882, anno della sua morte. Grzie di tutto quello che fai per me. Buon fine settimana!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Sarebbe così: [[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' ([[Caselle Landi]], [[29 Novemba]] [[1838]] – [[27 Desemba]] [[1882]]) alikuwa [[kasisi]] na [[mmisionari]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kutoka [[Italia]]. Baada ya kupewa [[upadirisho]] [[mwaka]] [[1862]], mwaka [[1872]] pamoja na [[Daniele Comboni]] alikwenda [[Sudan]], hadi [[El-Obeid]].<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> Huko aliandika, pamoja na padre Bonomi, [[katekisimu]] na [[kamusi]] ya [[lugha]] ya [[Kinubi]].<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya [[kifo]] cha Comboni mnamo [[1881]], alikua [[mrithi]] wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> </nowiki> ===Tanbihi=== {{Reflist}} ===Viungo vya nje=== * [https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-losi_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ ''Dizionario biografico degli italiani''] <nowiki>{{Mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Losi, Giovanni}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1838]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1882]] [[Jamii:watu wa Italia]]</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == [[Giovanni Losi]] == Grazie di tutto, per il gradissimo aiuto!!! Che padre Losi interceda per tutti noi!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 18 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Grazie di tutto, Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 20:40, 19 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ==Wikidata links== Hey Riccardo... The SW Mpox article was linked to the outbreak[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q112070734&diff=2254757978&oldid=2234414990] rather then the disease itself.[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q382370&diff=2254758018&oldid=2254610542] Have fixed. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 17:20, 30 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Request == Can you please take a look at [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]? Thanks, '''[[Mtumiaji:TenWhile6|TenWhile6]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:TenWhile6|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 24 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Redirect == [[mwandiko]] is nothing but redirect to [[maandishi]]. Missing content exists in [[w:it:jod]] [[w:it:sho (lettera)]] @ [[w:it:Template:Alfabeto_greco_navbox]]. Please import it here, thank you. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-8390|&#126;2024-8390]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-8390|talk]]) 17:32, 3 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :I wonder if you know the meaning of both articles. They are not the same as you claimed. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:01, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Dear Muddy, thanks. As usual, they don't know our language. All the same, I have changed the redirect to a full article about "handwriting". Peace to both of you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:21, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::Ajabu kabisa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 05:53, 10 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::FYI: both Greek letters are already here in Kiswahili, but need to get missing content from Italian articles into Kiswahili ones. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25812|&#126;2024-25812]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25812|talk]]) 14:04, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Malicious foreign patrollers == They tend to mess anonymous users, they are worse than blatant vandals. Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363270&oldid=1344998 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363448&oldid=1363308 [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-12800|&#126;2024-12800]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-12800|talk]]) 14:58, 13 Novemba 2024 (UTC) Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933633&oldid=933629 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933628&oldid=933625 PATROLLER twice vandalizes correct IP's correct repair of redirect which requires REDIRECT word to function properly. FYI: ALREADY banned permanently. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-15320|&#126;2024-15320]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-15320|talk]]) 17:15, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hey Riccardo, I'm seeing that you blocked [[Mtumiaji:Pmlineditor|Pmlineditor]] in response to this message. Pmlineditor is a former steward who has not edited any Wikimedia project in ~3 years, and the linked edits were from 2014. While it doesn't have any practical effect (since Pmlineditor has retired) I'd ask that you unblock their account. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:EPIC|EPIC]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EPIC|majadiliano]])''' 22:33, 20 Novemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kujifunza_kwa_mashine&diff=1370974&oldid=1370973 Joke edits] done back and forth, another example of foreigner who even does not know Kiswahili nor content layout itself. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24650|&#126;2024-24650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24650|talk]]) 09:40, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Borhan / Tanbiruzzaman appear to be mutual sock puppets, both are from Bengal Wikipedia and both are doing troubles here. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24315|&#126;2024-24315]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24315|talk]]) 14:57, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Enough is Enough! [[Maalum:Michango/HakanIST]] + [[Maalum:Michango/Borhan]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Talman Talman|Talman Talman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Talman Talman|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja&diff=1328553&oldid=1327815 This alone] shows what is worth dependence upon not so own hosting infrastructure. It is peak of this foreign intervention scandal, as of 2024 year. We must not bow to this all, never! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30687|&#126;2024-30687]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30687|talk]]) 17:58, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) What a utter nonsense! Patroller today again reverts perfectly GOOD edits like this: [[Maalum:Michango/WikiBayer]] while REAL vandalism like this: [[Maalum:Michango/Marcleonard_Galus]] and this [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-31972]] completely escapes their attention. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) '''You''' should undelete them all. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=delete&user=LR0725 Mass Article Deletion] with impunity by external interventionists is '''UNWANTED''' here. '''You''' improved them all already. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31475|&#126;2024-31475]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31475|talk]]) 12:50, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [[Maalum:Michango/Ternera]] - nonsense edit warring against [[w:en:Wikipedia:Edit_warring#The_three-revert_rule]] despite of correct header edits from us. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 17:06, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) R.R. don't be shy, show this RED ATHEIST place in a row, simply because he administratively harasses INNOCENT USERS: http://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu/1234qwer1234qwer4 Really, he is petty global admin-snitch who on META tells around the clock that those are norse breiviks, or similar ALIKES! 10:38, 22 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Infoboxes == Do you know any Wikipedian who could fix "infobox drug" and "infobox birth control" so those en.wikipedia.org infoboxes also work on sw.wikipedia.org? Thanks. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lucas559|majadiliano]])''' 21:13, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :No, but let you ask [[mtumiaji:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]]. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hi [[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]]! I'm always happy to help bring templates to the Swahili Wikipedia, but I have to leave the translations to others at the moment. Let me know if you need help doing the former ''[[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]]'' , <small>22:12, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC).</small><br /> == Eternal page protections == Even in bigger Wikipedias pages are typically protected for finite time at most. I feel that eternal time is too excessive, and offenders are typically doing disruption for no longer than one year. Can you shorten all these [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=protect&user=Kipala&limit=500 eternal page protections] to at least one year? As for now, all related offenders are long gone, and honest "temporary accounts" are unable to edit at all. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:09, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It's a very long list and needs time to shorten their protection. Very badly, the one who used to eternally protect those pages has died. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:22, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::So at least can you NOW unprotect [[Digamma]] and [[Pai (herufi)]] for now? None of other Greek letters including those protected ones, were ever vandalized at all since years. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:24, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == [[w:it:Wikipedia:Verificabilità#Fonti_dubbie]] == Per un'enciclopedia, le fonti dovrebbero essere indiscutibili. '''Un'enciclopedia non è una fonte primaria''': i suoi autori non conducono interviste né compiono ricerche originali. Dunque, qualunque cosa sia inclusa in Wikipedia dovrebbe essere già stata trattata in trascrizioni, ricerche, studi o reportage altrui che abbiano possibilmente goduto di considerazione a livello accademico e/o internazionale. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25658|&#126;2024-25658]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25658|talk]]) 08:08, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Io lo so, ma altri no. Grazie per avere eliminato molte fonti dubbie. Pace a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:17, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :To avoid resurgence of fake pseudoreference plague recently cleaned in hundreds of articles, can you put inside adminprotected [[template:Karibu]] advice against doing <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> entries containing links to any and all WIKIMEDIA/WIKIPEDIA sites, by declaring there that purely external sources are always needed? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It is weak English, please change in [[template:Karibu]] relevant statement to: by writing '''them''' themselves. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 08:00, 13 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Page CAN be editprotected even if AFTER deletion == [[Wikipedia:Mkaguzi wa watumiaji]] - vandalism newpage, delete first, protect second. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27968|&#126;2024-27968]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27968|talk]]) 08:38, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Technical errors == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristiano_Ronaldo&diff=1376422&oldid=1376415 this diff shows you reinserted TAB] (tabulators), where spaces should normally be. [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-27447]] edited correctly, restoring YOUR version but WITHOUT TAB (tabulators). Can you remove these TAB (tabulators) again? Simple as self-revert in this case. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27442|&#126;2024-27442]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27442|talk]]) 12:26, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Nuova foto nella pagina [[Giovanni Losi]] == Carissimo padre Riccardo, pace!!! Ho aggiunto una foto in questa pagina e ti chiederei, per favore, di controllare se la didascalia è esatta. Volevo dire: ''La strada dedicata a padre Losi, a Caselle Landi''. Grazie mille per il tuo prezioso aiuto. Approfitto per farti tanti auguri di un Santo natale e Buon 2025, tanta Luce del Signore per te. A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:03, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) : Grazie mille di tutto, il tuo aiuto è sempre prezioso!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 17 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == EXAMPLE: [[talk:Beka Flavour]] == Orphan talk WITHOUT its article - nothing but nonsense, please delete. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27365|&#126;2024-27365]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27365|talk]]) 07:50, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) FYI: ON any NORMAL wikipedia talk pages are ALWAYS to be deleted when its page is not existing. Example: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Talk%3ABijoy+Smarani+University+College 04:11, 15 December 2024 Liz talk contribs deleted page Talk:Bijoy Smarani University College (G8: Talk page of a deleted or non-existent page) [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27882|&#126;2024-27882]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27882|talk]]) 09:11, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) I see you deleted it already. It was sad it was overlooked too long. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Yesterday new account flood == I lost whole day correcting '''misedits''' done by them all. Most problematic user is this [[Special:contribs/Marcleonard_Galus]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30796|&#126;2024-30796]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30796|talk]]) 09:09, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Macleonard Galus" partially includes vandalisms, I clean after him. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 23 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Thank you for your collaboration, @[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]]. We appreciate it. Our problem is the private initiative of starting Editathons without good preparation, so the new users unconsciously do so many vandalisms, causing every time lost of a lot of time. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::Can you force good preparation before EVERY Editathon, so it will not have to be massively corrected like above temporary account and I done collaboratively? '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :::We sysops discussed about the problem but someone does go on his way! Let you give us suggestions. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Before any Editathon, organizer should meet you obligatorily, and non-WMF wiki should be used for editing exercises before going to real Wikipedia editing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Macleonard Gallus strikes back, he only [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bi._Shakila&diff=1380879&oldid=1380876 repeatedly] does multiapostrophe trashing, he is STUBBORN. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 14:59, 28 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::[[Maalum:Michango/Said_Mohamed_Mgeleka]] Stubborn advertising. '''[[Mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|FARȢK GADU]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 29 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Mtumiaji VS Majadiliano ya mtumiaji == Position correcte pour <nowiki>{{karibu}}</nowiki> est en "majadiliano ya mtumiaji". Raison: "Vous avez un nouveau message" automatiquement. '''[[Mtumiaji:ErvanElman|ErvanElman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ErvanElman|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Karibu" is NOT to be placed on non-talk USER page, because receiver never will get this: "You have a new Talk page message". [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31611|&#126;2024-31611]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31611|talk]]) 18:13, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Merci beaucoup. Thanks. I do know it well. My mystakes only occurred accidentally while correctly welcoming many new users yesterday. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:18, 26 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == U4C Notification == Hello Riccardo Riccioni,<br /> You are named in a recently filed request to the [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Please review the request at [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] You are requested to enter your statement and any other material you wish to submit, so that the U4C can get a better overview of the situation. All writing should be complete, but also as concise as possible. Please ensure that you make all comments in your own section and in the discussion section only. If the U4C makes a decision, this will be binding for you and so your participation is recommended. Please do not reply here, but on the linked case page, or on the associated talk page. If you would like to contact the U4C directly, you will find an e-mail address [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee#How_to_contact_U4C|here]]. Please use the email only if privacy is necessary (e.g. personal information). Best, On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ;(tafsiri otomatiki) :Hujambo Riccardo Riccioni, :Ulitajwa katika ombi lililowasilishwa hivi majuzi kwa Kamati ya Uratibu ya Kanuni za Maadili ya Jumla [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] (U4C). Tafadhali kagua ombi lako kwenye [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] :Unaombwa kuweka taarifa yako na nyenzo nyingine yoyote unayotaka kuwasilisha, ili U4C iweze kuelewa vyema hali hiyo. Maandishi yote yanapaswa kuwa kamili, lakini pia kwa ufupi iwezekanavyo. Hakikisha umechapisha maoni yote katika sehemu yako na sehemu ya majadiliano pekee. Ikiwa U4C itafanya uamuzi, itakulazimu na kwa hivyo tunapendekeza ushiriki. :Tafadhali usijibu hapa, lakini kwenye ukurasa wa kesi uliounganishwa au ukurasa wa mazungumzo unaohusishwa. Ikiwa ungependa kuwasiliana na U4C moja kwa moja, utapata barua pepe hapa. Tafadhali tumia barua pepe tu ikiwa unahitaji faragha (k.m. maelezo ya kibinafsi). :Karibuni sana, :Kwa niaba ya kamati ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :As an individual I encourage you to please participate in the next 3-5 days. (Kama mtu binafsi ninakuhimiza tafadhali ushiriki katika siku 3-5 zijazo.) '''[[Mtumiaji:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Barkeep49|majadiliano]])''' 01:46, 9 Januari 2025 (UTC) == [[Lugha ya Adamu]] == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} See explanation: [[Majadiliano:Lugha ya Adamu]]. <blockquote> '''Anna Katharina Emmerick''' in her revelation was informed, that especially three languages of [[Baktria]], [[Zendia]], [[India]] are FIRST EVER descendants of language of [[Adamu]], of course in regard of purity as measure of being LEAST CHANGED from language of [[Adamu]] itself. </blockquote> Please add this to article in Swahili version, I need your effort because I tried to write this sentence in Swahili, and it turned ungramatical. Without this addition, article is still incomplete. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 10:10, 1 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Do him a favor, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 15:45, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) What I put in "blockquote frame" is technically needed to identify language of [[Adamu]] as essentially being RING0 "protoindogermanic" ancestor of RING1 "indoiranic" descendants. It shows that descendant RING2 will be the rest of "indoeuropean" languages, with subsequent "NON-indoeuropean" descendant rings being less and less similar to language of [[Adamu]] itself. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 09:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Small Wiki Monitoring Team == Thou will REGRET all SYSOP-ONLY page protections when WMF desysop thee: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=protect&user=Riccardo+Riccioni [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-10150|&#126;2025-10150]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-10150|talk]]) 12:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Stewards from time to time globally lock local established users like [[Maalum:Michango/Resnick-mike|this one]] out of their accounts for some alleged "long term sexual abuse". It seems that SWAHILI both sysops and users are under siege from WMF. Pure colonialist approach. They still do not dare to do this to local sysops, but they feel that doing this to local users can be done with impunity. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13588|&#126;2025-13588]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-13588|talk]]) 08:41, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Do you happen to have any vivid proof to support your notion? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:01, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Support is here if you wish: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AFRUCA_Africans_Unite_Against_Child_Abuse&diff=1379881&oldid=1366743 AFRUCA] - stewards are very itchy at newbies touching sexual abuse topics. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-14050|&#126;2025-14050]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:30, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::I have seen the user made sizable number of edits. I haven't found any problem with the account in question. Let me go to the Steward who locked the guy. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 12:36, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::Do not forget they believe malicious denunciations against you local sysops, they can as well believe similar fascist calumnies against their victims. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13839|&#126;2025-13839]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:46, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::::"Checkuser Tools" in case of repeatedly overlapping dynamic IPs between totally unrelated users can produce fake results. '''[[Mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|$ilas duguda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|majadiliano]])''' 13:02, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::::Swahili Wikipedia MUST officially opt-out from Small Wiki Monitoring Team surveillance. Too many collateral global bans against recent incoming accounts since end of 2024 year. CHECKUSER method has one fault. If dynamic IP will be again associated with someone unrelated, while once it was associated with vandal, they blindly BELIEVE it. And result is simple. GLOBAL BAN! '''[[Mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|Hatani Nihongi Katani]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|majadiliano]])''' 21:02, 10 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[Joseph Leonard Haule]] == Ndugu Riccardo, Naomba ufute ukurasa tajwa hapo juu ili tuweze kuunga interwiki links zake kwa <nowiki>[[Professor Jay]]</nowiki>. Aliyehamisha mwanzo kutoka Prof. kwenda Joseph hakika hajui alitendalo. Pole kwa usumbufu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:22, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Nimeshafuta tayari @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 17:59, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Iliyotakiwa kufutwa ni Joseph Leonard Haule. Ile Professor Jay ndiyo halisi kwa sababu ni jina lake kisanii linalofahamika kimataifa. Kuita jina la mwanamuziki kwa jina la kuzaliwa si sawa. Hamisha matini kwa Profesa kisha futa hii ya Joseph. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 20:37, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Shida ni kwamba huyo si msanii tu, bali pia mwanasiasa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:11, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Ikiwa unapendekeza ibaki ilivyo, basi lisiwe jina zima bali "Joseph Haule" itakuwa rahisi zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Makala za Kongo == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] natumaini wewe ni mzima wa afya, Kuna makala zinzondelea kuandikwa kutoka kongo nadhani ni editathon inayoendelea uko na sijajua bado kiongozi wake ni nani, bado wanaoandika awana uelewa mzuri kuhusu uandishi wa makala je kunajambo linaweza kufanyika? '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 03:18, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Samahani kwa kuingilia mjadala, kama ni Kongo, kwani hawana Wikipedia yao? Ni ndogo sana ukilinganisha na ya Kiswahili. Inakuwaje wanajaza uchafu huku wakiacha ya kwao? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:58, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] nchi nyingi sasa wanashiriki kuandika makala za kiswahili ikiwemo Rwanda, Kenya na wengine wengi. Changamoto ni kutokua na mawasiliano na wausika wa editathon izo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 08:12, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Ndugu@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]], si kosa kuingilia mjadala, ila @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ameshakujibu: Wikipedia hii si ya Tanzania, bali ya lugha ya Kiswahili ambayo ni ya kimataifa. Hakuna Wikipedia ya Kingwana (yaani ya Kiswahili cha Kongo). Muhimu ni kuwasaidia wachangie vizuri, kwa kuwa kweli tunahitaji Wikipedia yetu itumike zaidi huko kwao. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:43, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Oh, basi sawa. Nimekuelewa. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[:Faili:Mlango wa Kiswahili Makumbusho ya Taifa Dar.jpeg]] == Hello! Can you check if the information on this file page is correct? Perhaps the file should be added to an article? '''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 18:13, 7 Januari 2025 (UTC) :The information is correct, though the photo is by the late Kipala. He uploaded it while teaching me how to upload photos. Now I have used it in the page "[[mlango]]". Thanks and peace to you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:40, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :: Hello. Thank you. So Kipala is the photographer? If so then it should say "Kipala" instead of your name. --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 11:24, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Let you change, if you like. Thanks. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:01, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Misunderstandings == Main Space is not Template Space. It does NOT work with {{}} transclusion. [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] should be named [[Kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is adminprotected unlinked redirect and this is useless REDIRECT to be sacrificed by deleting first. Please fix your namespace error by redirect deleting and by page moving. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 20 Januari 2025 (UTC) You are CONSTANTLY tricked by redirects, instead of doing REQUESTED lowering protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+kigiriki+kamili you did ON YOUR OWN, for ALREADY perfect template state, heightened protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+Kigiriki+kamili NOTE lowercase "kigiriki" VS uppercase "Kigiriki". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) My new template exists already crosswiki in 25 languages at least. Thank you for unprotection. At least I finally COPYPASTED content from [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] to REDIRECT (lowercase kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is '''NOT''' (uppercase Kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya Kigiriki kamili]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} see [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] - more than ONE superfluous move-leftovers for greek-related template page+talk is to be erased. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 13:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == [[§]] == Just removed old misinformation: [[Disigma]] is SECTION, not letter, see what GREEKS themselves say: http://lexilogia.gr/threads/pilcrow-σύμβολο-της-παραγράφου-παραγραφόσημο.2426/#post-22012 "section, § = ενότητα, τμήμα, εδάφιο (§, δίσιγμα)". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:29, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) See [[w:el:wikt:δίσιγμα]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:57, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Country and Behavior == Not to be rude or something which country are you from? Its just a surprise to see a White man with fluent Swahili '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 20:01, 23 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ana miaka arobaini nchini Tanzania. What do you expect? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 10:21, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Riccardo Riccioni = [[Italia]]no. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] I didn't ask your opinion whether he is Tanzanian or not. You are so rude to be bureaucrat. I asked him. You think you are like a god and its so embarrassing that you are on your 40's with that attitude, such a bore '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 14:49, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle, please be avoiding all personal attacks, they are totally disturbing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 17:56, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :This guy Muddyb told me to go to a "test Wikipedia" if i wanted to play just because i asked him to delete my page, that was rude especially from a bureaucrat. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:46, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :I don't understand why he's attacking so much. Normal conversations, he turns them into hostility or conflict. There's a problem somewhere. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:34, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle157, you mistake being shy for being rude. Calm down, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 18:10, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Shy? And why would i be shy? '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:36, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Those aren't personal attacks, he came at me and I cant just let him slide with it, and i am not talking about this reply, he is at my nerve. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:42, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) "Shyness" vs "Rudeness" was meant not about Gayle157, but about Gayle157's assessment of owner of this talk page. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 18:52, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa nini kupenda ugomvi? Tena kwa kitu kidogo namna hiyo? Mimi ni mzaliwa wa Italia, lakini kwa sasa ni raia wa Tanzania tu, ninapoishi kwa zaidi ya miaka 40. Basi, nawatakia amani, lakini matashi hayo yasiwe chanzo cha mabishano mengine, tafadhali. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:28, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ni vijana mzee wangu. Sisi tuliokula chumvi nyingi tunatambua tone zao. Hizo tone ni za kitoto mno. Hata hivyo, sipaswi kuleta wimbi la ugomvi katika ukurasa wako. Ninaenda sasa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:36, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Stub and Mbegu == You said Stub is Mbegu in Swahili. If there's no template for Mbegu that should appear at top, then I am going to use Stub. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 08:24, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], we have stub-templates, ex. gr. mbegu-mwanasiasa, mbegu-mtu etc. and we use it at the bottom of the page. Almost all pages in Swahili Wikipedia have it. This is why you don't need to insert yours at the top. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) I actually found instead of stub i can use *mbegu* at top instead of using **mbegu-** at the bottom, It doesn't impress me, hope you are okay with that '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 15:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Thank you for being a medical contributors! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' |- | style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs. Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating]. |} Thanks again :-) -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:23, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&oldid=28172893 --> == Ufutaji wa makala == kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[MGC]]" imefutwa na RICCARDO RICCIONI? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15063|&#126;2025-15063]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15063|talk]]) 05:10, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa sababu ni kujitangaza, kinyume na sera ya Wikipedia. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:39, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Violation of Wikipedia policy == The user @[[Mtumiaji:PAULO OBEDI|PAULO OBEDI]] is repeatedly adding requests for financial assistance to articles. This violates the Wikipedia policy on personal financial solicitation and spam. Could an you look into this!, This could be a potential spam [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 06:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Futa == <nowiki><span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span></nowiki> || <span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span> ≠ [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|Batundi Luanda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|majadiliano]])''' 16:49, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) SUCCESS! UNWANTED pages ceased to show in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15564|&#126;2025-15564]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15564|talk]]) 17:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Spam and Sockpuppet == Would you Look at this Account, He created another account and keep requesting for money after you blocked him @[[Mtumiaji:PAULI OBEDO|PAULI OBEDO]] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 10:24, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == COPY PASTE page moves == It is wrong, it does NOT preserve edit history with list of contributors required by GPL, please FIRST delete [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] and then move [[Mabadiliko ya Tabianchi]] onto it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Norbilian|Norbilian]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Norbilian|majadiliano]])''' 12:49, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} == Fantasies == Not only you, but others, PLEASE tell this GAYLE that it is OK this condemnation of NON-REPRODUCTIVE toying with bodies CONTRARY to INBUILT reproductive organ functions, basically UN-natural, so ANTI-functonal. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-23540|&#126;2025-23540]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-23540|talk]]) 09:48, 19 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Baba Bora == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[Jinsi ya Kujitayarisha kuwa Baba Bora]]" imefutwa na Riccardo Riccioni? '''[[Mtumiaji:Byera08|Byera08]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Byera08|majadiliano]])''' 05:46, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Byera08}} Nilipaswa kuhamisha mada kwenda "Baba". Hata hivyo, mchango wako haukai kiensaiklopedia kwa sababu ni mashauri tu. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 20 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> ==Communication by the U4C== I'm writing to inform you that in the U4C case [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] the 2 week "investigation phase" is now open. This phase will last around two weeks, during this phase parties and also other editors can still submit further evidence. We warmly suggest to take this opportunity, each statement can serve to clarify the position of each of the parties involved. Many thanks. On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) (Translation by Google translate) Ninakuandikia kukujulisha kwamba katika kesi ya U4C [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] ya wiki 2 sasa "awamu ya uchunguzi" imefunguliwa. Awamu hii itachukua takriban wiki mbili, wakati wa vyama vya awamu hii na pia wahariri wengine bado wanaweza kuwasilisha ushahidi zaidi. Tunashauri kwa moyo mkunjufu kuchukua fursa hii, kila taarifa inaweza kutumika kufafanua msimamo wa kila mmoja wa wahusika wanaohusika. Asante sana. Kwa niaba ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Apology == Sorry for AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION, please unblock primary account, you made me even REPLYING impossible from my primary account! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|Jiah Harrison]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Broken Redirects == Please delete all pages edited by: [[special:contribs/~2025-33472]] which are nothing but red-link broken redirects, see: [[special:contribs/DreamRimmer]] - he failed to tag them all to deletion. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-35189|&#126;2025-35189]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-35189|talk]]) 16:58, 19 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore in Tanzania 2025 == Ndugu Riccardo, nimetafuta nimempata mchawi wetu wa makala hizo. Ni @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] kama nilivyosema hapo awali. Nimeipata Dashibodi->> https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/Wikimedia_Community_Kilimanjaro/Feminism_and_Folklore_in_Tanzania_2025?enroll=dpgcmlqt kadhalika chanzo cha challenge hii; https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page#Local_Activities/events Kwako Nd. @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]], unaombwa uwajibike kwa matendo yako. Kumekuwa na rundo la makala zisizofaa kwa kutumia challenge hii. Je, ukiwa peke yako utaweza kuboresha matini ya makala elfu mbili? Ama ndiyo bora liende? Tujisahihishe. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 11:53, 23 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Urbanization== What's Urbanization in swahili? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:49, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) Ukuaji wa miji. Sijui kama kuna neno lingine. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) == Tanbihi == I think the book sources are the one that should use the word tanbihi, Then Other sources to use '''Marejeo'''. Since ''Tanbihi'' is NB/Footnotes [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:08, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, mimi nilifundishwa zamani na Muddy kuandika tanbihi. KKK inasema tanbihi ni maelezo yanayotolewa sehemu ya mwisho au chini ya ukurasa au sura... Labda umshirikishe Muddy. Ila kumbuka mabadiliko hayo yanadai kuhariri upya kurasa karibu 100,000! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:11, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} naona unabadilisha "tanbihi" kuwa "marejeo". Lakini baadaye unaacha "marejeo" tena kwa maana nyingine. Vipi? Pia umeanza tena kuhamisha kurasa bila mawasiliano yoyote. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:45, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::About Tanbihi i was checking if my Bot can do the task, You can clearly see they aren't manual! :::About Moving page which page did i move wrong? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:02, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I will fix the Bot code later so that it corrects that. If i moved any page wrongly or you are in doubt let me know, Aisee, I gave a notable Summary. ::::If its about Changing Redirects into articles let me know too, I can explain! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nafurahi kwamba umeweza kuandaa Bot yako. Itaweza kutusaidia sana na haraka. Ila unajua kwamba ukienda kasi nje ya njia, unaweza ukapotea kuliko mtu anayekwenda polepole... Hivyo ni kupanga mambo vizuri kabla ya kutumia Bot. Kama lilikuwa jaribio, ni sawa. Kuhusu kuhamisha kurasa, hivi karibuni sijaona makosa kwako, ila mimi nilijizuia kufanya mabadiliko ya namna hiyo kabla sijakubaliana na wahariri wengine. Kwa mfano, ni kweli Iraki ni sahihi kuliko Iraq, nami nilitaka kuhamisha ukurasa huo, lakini suala la majina ya nchi ni kubwa na limeshasababisha magomvi! Ndiyo maana nilipendekeza zaidi ya mara moja tujadiliane sote pamoja, k.mf. Uhindi / India, Uchina / China. Mpaka leo sijafanikiwa kufanya tufikie uamuzi. Hiyo inasumbua hata katika jamii, unapokuta kwa nchi ileile jamii zinazotumia Uhindi na nyingine India. Hata kwa hilo natumaini Bot yako itasaidia kufanya kazi kubwa na kuokoa muda wetu mwingi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:58, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::Asante, Ee hiyo boti ilikuwa ya jaribio tu! ::::::Yes, We need a discussion about the Country names ,The Sources of this names, The best name among listed. Like a Project; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:08, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::The bot can now function, see [[Maalum:Michango/Gayle-Bot]] :::::::If you happen to know any task that requires automated / bot Operation feel free to inform me, :::::::About the country names discussion , So what's your plan about it? Launch a project or? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:16, 3 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Suala la majina ya nchi tulipendekeze kwa Muddyb na wengineo kabla ya kuendelea na mabadiliko. Hata hivyo baadhi hayana ubishi, k.mf. Poland > Polandi au Israel > Israeli. Naomba uanze na nchi hizo. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:29, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sijaelewa; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:06, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Yaani naomba kama Bot inaweza kubadilisha katika makala na jamii zote majina ya Poland na Israel kuwa Polandi na Israeli. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:22, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ooh sawa nimeelewa sasa, I'm working on it! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:25, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|+]] {{imefanyika}}, Its done though there are a few Redirects to Israel that haven't been fixed, Also this pages blow require manual deletion by an admin,Which are Old Versions of the new pages. Also there were some minor errors on Flags , Emblem and maps which i can fix manually. {{quote| [[:Jamii:Israel]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Israel]] [[:Jamii:Jiografia ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Mito ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Milima ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Wanafizikia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wanakemia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Marais wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waandishi wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watunzi wa Poland]]}} [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:55, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Refining == Its Incredible how you refine content, I will be adding content and leave it for you to refine. I just love adding content [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:48, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Asante kwa pongezi zako. Lakini lengo langu mojawapo ni kuonyesha mfano ili wengine wajifunze. Msiniachie kazi nyingi mno! Hata mimi nina mipango ya kuongeza mada. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:21, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ni sawa!, We will do our best [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:46, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::I’m still learning, and I regret how I came across during my first month on Swahili Wikipedia. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:56, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::Don't worry, you are very young. You have time. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:58, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::{{ping|Gayle157}} Hi, many times you don't add content, but you change it, following the English edition. May be it's easier to you, but it's not very respectful to those who used their time to write before you. Sometimes I have to refine new sentences which were refined in their earlier form. Thank you for your attention. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:52, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::First of all i don't use the English wiki edition, ::::::Also most articles have to be updated now and they and don't necessarily need to be in their original form because in most cases they are outdated. ::::::Me changing the article course doesn't make the original author loose his/her credit, ::::::In en wiki articles are modified now and then! ::::::Especially content on lead section , Isn't that what wiki is for? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:59, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Thank you for your answer. Yes, Wiki is for ongoing work. What I meant is somehow as what Jesus said: "Not to delete, but to fulfill"! Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::I didn't get that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:12, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nakukumbusha kwamba unapotaka kuongeza taarifa unapaswa kuwa makini usije ukaacha nyingine muhimu zilizokuwepo. Kwa mfano, kuhusu Tundu Lissu uliondoa ile ya kwamba ndiye mwenyekiti wa Chadema. Kuhusu mkoa wa Arusha umeondoa ile ya kwamba unapakana na ile ya Mara na Shinyanga, kumbe umeongeza ule wa Tanga ambao sasa uko mbali. Kuhusu mkoa wa Morogoro umeondoa mikoa ya jirani ya Ruvuma na Lindi. Asante kwa kujali. Aamani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:24, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Oops I'm sorry i guess i checked the Tanzanian map incorrectly, The existing text didn't mention the neighboring regions in a more nuanced way i had to confirm in the map ::::::::::But still those articles need to be modified on lead section, You can confirm that using Mobile view and remember 90% of this Wikipedia views are from mobile ,. ::::::::::The Original state of most articles in this Wikipedia are too unappealing [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:31, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Since the Articles of Regions of Tanzania have More or close to 500 views per month, And since you are the main Editor and also You are Tanzania please help Improve the Quality of the Lead Section of those articles, They sound too Informal or Low Quality especially on Mobile Devices, Maybe you can make them more '''INFORMATIVE''' . [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 16:15, 26 Mei 2025 (UTC) Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, ni sawa, ila nitafanya baadaye kidogo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:00, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nimemaliza kazi uliyoniagiza. Sasa nakuomba ufanye vilevile kwa kaunti za Kenya. Asante na amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:08, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) ::Asante sana , Nitafanya hivyo! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:27, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Peter Born lȣ == {{ping|Riccardo_Riccioni}} PLEASE UNBLOCK ME - I EDITED in good faith! I did nothing wrong, some META denounced me falsely! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-55756|&#126;2025-55756]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-55756|talk]]) 13:02, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It was NOT intended as vandalism, BAN-ana to account is OVER-reaction! '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::There's a Unblock tag! Use it in your talk page <nowiki>{{Unblock|1=}}</nowiki>[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Block Settings == @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Would you please ease the block Settings of Peter Born lȣ to at least 1 day, Maybe as a warning! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:29, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], unavyoona huyo hahitaji unblock kwa sababu ameshaanzisha akaunti nyingine ambayo anaitumia sasa kusumbua tena Kisii na Kirinyaga... --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:41, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :R.R. you are CATHOLIC, you should be example of MERCY. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56159|&#126;2025-56159]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56159|talk]]) 13:47, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::See [[Talk:GNU Free Documentation License]]. I always tried to have edit histories compliant to their contiguous state. When Gayle creates new content, old content always must be shoved away.'''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::Mimi nimekabidhiwa usimamizi wa toleo hili si kama Mkatoliki, bali kama mtu anayetaka liendelee vizuri. Mnatupotezea muda mwingi. Tukiwaacha muendelee mtaharibu kila kitu. Amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:59, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] Contiguous state lol; I stopped blanking Talk pages long ago!, That's not an excuse!. ::::Why don't you stick to one account, Stop using IPs "often" especially when doing a vandalism act, It will better, [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::I meant continuity in regard to [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157/ukurasa wa majaribio]]. Vandal TEMP ACCOUNTS are "simu" "rununu" tagged, mine are WITHOUT "simu" "rununu". '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 14:13, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::In this context, most IP vandals in recent past don't have mobile tag, ::::::The only thing i can suggest is the reducing the Infinite block expiry settings , [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:17, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Rununu-Simu vandals exposed. I edited from THIS temp account all pages recently corrected by me after Rununu-Simu vandals. See their edit histories. Rununu-Simu troublemakers are really recent. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56650|&#126;2025-56650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56650|talk]]) 14:44, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Ya/Za == [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|°]]Why 'ya' we are talking about Politic-'''S''' , Most news outlets say "siasa za" [https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-57675769][https://kiswahili.tuko.co.ke/tags/siasa-za-kenya/][https://www.voaswahili.com/a/china-yapinga-vikali-udanganyifu-wa-siasa-za-umoja-za-marekani-japan-na-ufilipino-/7567680.html][https://swahili.cgtn.com/2025/04/16/ARTI1744765639929458] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Temporary Accounts and abuse on your project form a LTA ([[Special:CentralAuth/Wikibaijer|Wikibaijer]], [[Special:CentralAuth/AfricaAntifa|AfricaAntifa]], ... and many Tempory Accounts == Hi, I wanted to ask how you manage with the temporary accounts because I noticed that a Crosswiki LTA is very active here and sometimes has temporary accounts that change every minute. Are you already familiar with this? Can you cope with it? PS: This LTA also uses many proxys that should be blocked.--'''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 20:05, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Dear {{ping|WikiBayer}}, no, I cannot cope with it. After the new policy about temporary accounts' privacy I no more understand what is going on. But sometimes they use registered accounts too. I have no more time to follow all their changes and reasons. I fear to block good contributors as vandals, because vandals denounce their changes. Moreover I receive many insults and threats by them and other people who want to do anything they want. It's discouraging. I appreciate very much your help. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:43, 29 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Citation Templates == In new Articles when citing please use the citation templates in Swahili, Example * Cite journal = Rejea jarida * Cite Web = Rejea tovuti * Cite News = Rejea habari Though other articles are on the process of being fixed by Bot. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:28, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]]Now the thing is when we translate the page from ENWIKI, we do not take any measure to Swahilize those small terminologies since the nature it's leading its path, ie, we got we what we need and they don't bother where it's journal or web. Question, what if it's not translatted, anything wrong may happen? And FYI, Journal it's not JARIDA is SHAJARA in Swahili! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 16:23, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::No, Shajara is more of a diary, Meanwhile a journal which is defined as ''either a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or profession or a written record.'' and only Jarida is close to that definition [https://sw.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/jarida] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:10, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] Based on deep research i did is that most of the articles arr saying Jarida is Journal, But a few gave alternatives using Shajara [https://sw.eferrit.com/journal/] , And even though not notable google translate uses Jarida too [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:22, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I think i have got the difference * 1. Jarida – used when referring to a magazine, newsletter, or periodical publication. * 2. Shajara – used when referring to a personal journal or diary. So '''''Jarida''''' takes it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] Do whatever you deem fits. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 15:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Come on , don't do that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:56, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) == [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] == Adminprotected article. Still fake '''JINO''' in "Charcot-Marie-Jino" error persists there instead of "Charcot-Marie-Tooth" at reference number twelve. Please correct. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:30, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} "Zamshi" understood his errors. Please unblock [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] to permit him edit it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:19, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Request to unprotect source: Hello. Thank you for unblocking my user. I understand My drafts were not upto standard but please kindly unprotect the article so i can continue my work please. I am a student and this is my first time here. Thank you for all the input and changes.Ill make sure to work better. Please kindly let me edit the source for my work. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 09:31, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Give him a chance. He wants [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] unprotected. He promises to NOT do other edits except direct article improvement directly at [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::Hello,I have tried checking the page again but the protected source is now gone.I understand it was my drafts accidentally published with many mistakes i was trying to fix but is there no chance for me to edit it again please.I am not sure how to move forward without ability to edit, kindly help in that regard please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 23:55, 18 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::"Zamshi", please tell again Riccardo Riccioni to UNPROTECT this [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. In case of his refusal, wait until 24 June 2024, then protection will expire. Then improve article DIRECTLY, abandon making of additional draft copies and abandon pagemoves.'''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 06:45, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::Page will be unprotected after ONE hour from now. "Zamshi" REMEMBER: do NOT move/rename [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, do NOT create additional copies of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, directly improve content of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page where it is now. Simply abandon "DRAFT" roleplaying completely. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:54, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Disparity== I don't understand why all this pages below use '''Iran''' and the article itself says '''Uajemi''', The Modern Country is Iran, The Historical Kingdom and entities is '''Persia'''. Only in Informal terms is the modern country referred to as Persia [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=Iran&title=Maalum%3ATafuta&fulltext=search] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:28, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) We discussed with Muddyb and We have agreed that '''Persia''' will be for Historical entities before the Islamic revolution and '''Iran''' will be for the modern day country/political entity [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:15, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Muddyb#Disparity]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:23, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) == 100,000 pages == Congratulations on your outstanding contribution to the Swahili Wikipedia in helping it reach the 100,000-article milestone. Your dedication has played a key role in this achievement—well done! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:39, 23 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Thanks to you for the congratulations which I cordially reciprocate. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Msaada wa usahihi wa lugha == Habari ndugu Riccardo, Nina tazamia kufanya utafsiri wa makala inayohusu Ubalozi wa Uingereza nchini Tanzania kutoka lugha ya kingereza kwenda kiswahili Hivyo naomba ukaribu wa kusahihisha pale ninapokosea. Ahsante Amani iwe juu yako '''[[Mtumiaji:Killy95|Killy95]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Killy95|majadiliano]])''' 03:06, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Hakuna wasiwasi, tuko pamoja! Amani kwako pia! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Ancient Sorcerous Empire == WikiBayer - is NOT guardian angel, it is ANNONRIAL/RAVERNAL pure evil: [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Gayle157#Elephant_in_Porcelain_Shop]] READ debunking of WikiBayer reverts. '''[[Mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria == Nimeona umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria" sijajua shida ni nini na ile ni assignmentyangu me ni mwanafunzinimepewa kazi na mwalimu ambayo inabidi nii kusanye tafadhali umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewakwa urahisiteknolojia ya chanzo huria" ile ni assignment yangu nimepewa na mwalimu tafadhali me ni mwanafunzi najifunza tafadhali [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-82940|&#126;2025-82940]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-82940|talk]]) 19:24, 28 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Uharabu wa dhahiri == Ndugu Riccardo, Kwa heshima na tahadhima, naomba umfungie mtumiaji huyu analeta ukorofi wa wazi kabisa: [[Maalum:Michango/88 konqvista 88|https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/88_konqvista_88]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 8 Julai 2025 (UTC) :Again! :"xX Black Burn Xx" did MAD RVV, in violation of this RULE: :do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Souls_of_Black_Folk&diff=1437178&oldid=1437139 :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Usafirishaji_haramu_wa_binadamu_nchini_Chad&diff=1437179&oldid=1437138 :He is already RVV-ed thoroughly. '''[[Mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|Keith David Williams]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|majadiliano]])''' 08:11, 13 Julai 2025 (UTC) :{{imefanyika}} == [[Maalum:Michango/Maryam_Saleh_Abeid]] == Repeated breaching of [[w:en:Wikipedia:Don't cite Wikipedia on Wikipedia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 16 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 3 days, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-30069-3|&#126;2025-30069-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-30069-3|talk]]) 14:19, 30 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 1 month, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sofie_Petersen&diff=1461181&oldid=1461155 REPEATED OFFENSE]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:26, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Lupinga Nyinga}} Ndugu, mimi nashindwa kuelewa ujumbe wako. Wengi mna Kiingereza ngumu kwangu! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:30, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Simple and plain: Maryam_Saleh_Abeid repeatedly uses WIKIPEDIA as references, she repeats this violation despite of her being blocked twice already. Its time for her permanent block. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:36, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I think @[[Mtumiaji:Maryam Saleh Abeid|Maryam Saleh Abeid]] didn't understand your statement in english thats why, i also think she doesnt need to be blocked permanent. :I will address this concern to her in swahili, thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) She even does NOT understand this prohibition included in her "karibu" template. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == SCANDAL == Tell him something on HIS talk to stop his mindless revert campaigns, his last edits are purely destructive: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/xXBlackburnXx Same with WikiBayer. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25621-8|&#126;2025-25621-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25621-8|talk]]) 09:24, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) :The Temp Account ist a sock from the LTA. [[:m:Special:CentralAuth/Long Term Sexually Abuse]] '''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 10:20, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) What W.B. says about [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-25621-8]] is pure conjecture, self-contradicting, first says with PARTIAL DOUBT "very likely the active polished troll", later calls him some PORN MONGER , i edit from behind Great China Firewall so WTF? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25655-4|&#126;2025-25655-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25655-4|talk]]) 10:31, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Taiwanese Revisionists == Foreign censors falsely insist that CHINA means R.O.C. and not P.R.C. contrary to seat of P.R.C. in United Nations Security Council. They vandalize content and block honest users related to P.R.C. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-29877-5|&#126;2025-29877-5]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-29877-5|talk]]) 10:04, 31 Julai 2025 (UTC) == [[Jose Kaimlett]] HGN == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Quì fa molto caldo, ma andiamo avanti!!! Per favore, potresti dare un'occhiata a questa pagina che ho appena creato? Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto. Se hai bisogno per l'Italiano o il Portoghese, ci sono!!! A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) : Grazie mille!!! Domani celebriamo i dieci anni della dipartita di mio papà Gianpiero (4 agosto, 85 anni); prenderò il Perdono di Assisi. Un forte abbraccio. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Meno male che anche in Italia c'è ancora chi ci crede! Papà riposi in Cristo! Pace anche a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:10, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Devzboi == like [[Majadiliano:Devzboi1]], other [[Majadiliano:Devzboil]] MUST be deleted for real please! First DELETE, second PROTECT! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-32681-1|&#126;2025-32681-1]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-32681-1|talk]]) 11:43, 4 Agosti 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 07:51, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]], sijaelewa kitu kuhusu KUSANO, ila naona utendaji wa Justine una kasoro nyingi bado. Muamue wenyewe. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:56, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Kusano = interface. Ni kama mwonekano wa sura ya Wikipedia. Mfano hizi jumbe za mabadiliko ya karibuni, vungo viungavyo ukurasa huu, michango ya mtumiaji etc. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:21, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-34016-8]] == Dumbo, Pinocchio, Rescuers, etc... {{ping|Muddyb}}, could you add the Hadithi to these pages? Also, what about creating the other Disney movie pages that don't exist yet? Your OWNtalk STILL editprotected. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-34348-8|&#126;2025-34348-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-34348-8|talk]]) 10:13, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Sure. Will do. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 14:15, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Muddyb}} When will these pages be made/edited? The ones that need the plots are: * [[Pinocchio (filamu ya 1940)]] * [[Bambi]] * [[The Rescuers]] * [[Home on the Range (filamu ya 2004)]] * [[The Princess and the Frog]] * [[Zootopia]] * [[Moana]] * [[Encanto]] * [[Toy Story]] * [[Monsters, Inc.]] * [[The Incredibles]] * [[Up (filamu)]] * [[Turning Red]] * [[Spies in Disguise]] See [[Kigezo:Katuni za Disney]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-47359-4|&#126;2025-47359-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-47359-4|talk]]) 09:09, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:~2025-47359-4|~2025-47359-4]] May you should contact me direct instead of coming here and ping me from far away. Oh, I know. I hate temp accounts. I did block my page from you though! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 09:41, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Page Translation Request == hello,sir I am requesting for translation of the article [[Nyanzi Martin Luther.]] into English please,it can either be in simple English Wikipedia or En Wikipedia,sir I kindly request. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-48323-7|&#126;2025-48323-7]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-48323-7|talk]]) 05:08, 29 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Bonaventura wa Barcelona == Caro Riccardo, Grazie mille per aver tradotto l’articolo del [[Bonaventura wa Barcelona|Beato Bonaventura]] in swahili. Sono di Riudoms, la sua città natale, dove abbiamo una grande devozione per il Beato. Sto cercando di ottenere il maggior numero possibile di traduzioni del suo articolo e oggi, dopo aver pubblicato la traduzione in ceco con l’aiuto di un’amica ceca, ho scoperto la vostra traduzione. Grazie infinite. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jordi G|Jordi G]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jordi G|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala ya Shule ya Sekondari ya Ufundi Ifunda == Habari ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Nimeona umeweka taarifa juu ya makala tajwa kuwa ni kuhusu sehemu isiyojulikana. Bahati mbaya hizi ni shule chache zenye historia kubwa japo hazijulikani. Kuna haja ya kuziangazia kwa kina zaidi. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Magotech|MagoTech Tanzania]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Magotech|majadiliano]])''' 20:59, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] = [[ALLI TALESI]] = [[Alli Talesi]] = Kijumla makala haina sifa yoyote ya kuwepo kwenye Wikipedia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Reliwei|Reliwei]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Reliwei|majadiliano]])''' 10:52, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] == Please delete all that is listed in [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]]. I do NOT make new pages. I mainly correct after temporary account flood. '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 12:24, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Greetings from Germany == Hi Riccardo, do you have a minute or two for me? There is a discussion an my talk page with a member of your local community that insists, that I should stop patrolling for vandalism here. Could you please have a look? '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you for your greetings. I noted your discussion but I haven't answered because I don't understand many technology issues. Please, excuse me and ask Muddyb. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ::Thanks for the quick reply! I was a little nervous and worried that global CVUs wouldn't be welcome here. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:55, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == In italiano :-) == Buongiorno Riccardo, avevamo previsto che gli argomenti inclusi nella mozione potessero diventare "un campo di battaglia" per gente da fuori e vandali vari con voglia di provocare. Con un po' di pazienza e la collaborazione degli Steward e dei GS ho fiducia che si possa trovare il modo di gestire anche questo. (Intanto mi chiedo quali orrori ho scritto sulle vostre pagine usando il traduttore automatico.) Grazie per la collaborazione e la pazienza anche per gli orrori di traduzione... Rinnovo l'invito a contattarci in caso di domande o per qualsiasi necessità legata alle linee guida che vi abbiamo chiesto di approfondire. Buona giornata! '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:13, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Civvì}}Non parlavo del tuo messaggio, ma della pagina in esame. Un tale ha già provveduto a inserirvi il template da me proposto e l'ho ringraziato. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Riccardo io invece ho proprio la certezza che ogni volta che usiamo il traduttore automatico per scrivervi ne escono dei pasticci magari difficili da decifrare. Abbiate pazienza (e se non è troppo lavoro magari sistemate le cose peggiori, ne saremmo davvero grati!). --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 14:56, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Napendekeza mradi wa lugha ya kiswahili == Habari, nimesoma baadhi ya makala, lakini kwa maoni yangu, kama kungekuwa na mradi wa lugha ya Kiswahili, ingefaa zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Moyojnr}} Sijaelewa. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:02, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) ::In my opinion, if there was a Swahili language project, it would be more useful. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 14:26, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Carlo Acutis]] == Caro Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Io bene. Ho aggiunto una foto della reliquia di san Carlo Acutis. Ti chiedo la gentilezza di tradurre la didascalia, che ho lasciato in Italiano. Grazie mille per il favore, a presto. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) : {{ping|Rei Momo}}Fatto! Prega san Carlo anche per la Tanzania in subbuglio... Pace a tutti! :: Certamente!!! Ho due rosari che mia nipote mi ha portato dalla Tanzania, quando è venuta a fare del volontariato medico dentistico. Clieli hanno dati le suore, ma non ricordo più di quale missione. :: Grazie di tutto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:53, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == Update request == Hello, Riccardo Riccioni. Can you remame [[Kigezo:Quebecor Inc.]] to [[Kigezo:Québecor]]? The spelling of Quebecor was officially changed to Québecor in May 2012, with the French accented version the sole name of the conglomerate since then. Sources: https://financialpost.com/news/quebec-puts-accent-on-linguistic-correctness https://www.ledevoir.com/economie/349655/les-actionnaires-de-quebecor-votent-pour-l-ajout-d-un-accent Yours sincerely, '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 21:53, 10 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you very much. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 20:36, 11 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == [[w:de:Benutzer:Knergy/Tansania-Troll]] == Same as [[Maalum:Michango/JasonCarter2004]], now: *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-37592-11]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41344-29]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41170-85]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41607-52]] HOAX articles again. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokobambo|Kokobambo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokobambo|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala za tafsiri ya kompyuta == Ninafikiria kuanzia Jumanne wiki ijayo ama siku 2 za Krismasi nipambane zaidi kuhakikisha ninaboresha hata ziwe mbegu makala zote zilizopo katika jamii ya makala zenye mashaka ili kuondoa ile tagi ya makala ya kompyuta. Ni bora nizifanye kuwa mbegu kuliko kuwa na matini mengi yasiyoakisi maana. Unaonaje hapo mzee wangu? @Muddyb [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41593-39|&#126;2025-41593-39]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41593-39|talk]]) 13:11, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Sawa kabisa! Tupo pamoja! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:15, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Ahsante sana mzee wangu. Maana nimeona kufuata makala 1000+ tutaharibu ile milistoni inayoweka kule katika mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni. Tungepoteza ile trendi yake. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41584-46|&#126;2025-41584-46]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41584-46|talk]]) 22:17, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Answer == Hello, this has to be a misconception. Yesterday I've reverted quite a lot of edits made by LTA Wikinger, who has been haunting me across wikis for some time. I am an editor from pl.wiki with almost 28000 edits, here you can find some more about me: [[:pl:User:Karol739]]. I'll also left the link to the page about Wikinger and his "work": [[:en:Wikipedia:LTA/Wikinger]]. The user is globally locked by WMF, therefore he doesn't have rights to edit on any wiki, so I've reverted everything he did. I don't know Suahili (at all), so if I broke something while doing it, I'm sorry, I can tidy up the mess I've created by mistake, if that's gonna be helpful for your community. Thanks a lot and best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:09, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) You even do not know where this vandal is, your reverts were mistargeted and misapplied, he whom you search looks [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamii%3ALugha_za_Kenya&diff=1475849&oldid=1475848 like this], even today. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41724-17|&#126;2025-41724-17]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41724-17|talk]]) 16:20, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Making reports about himself is also the thing which he does often in pl.wiki, so here we go ;) If you want to know more about his behaviour, you can reach me out in [[:pl:Wikipedia:Discord]] and [[Maalum:BaruapepeyaMtumiaji/Karol739]]. Again, if I broke something, that must've been done by accident and I'm sorry again. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:33, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Hi, could you please protect my user talk page for some time? The LTA that we've been talking before has been haunting me for some time on sw.wiki. Thanks in advance, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:07, 29 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Vandal == AbuseLogs shows normal edits, but for vandals is silent: https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:AbuseLog [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-43584-58]] = LitTerA, block immediately! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jojaruba|majadiliano]])''' 08:53, 30 Desemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Thou never will stop me == [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Kikoyo]] [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Oscar_Kikoyo]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|Kikoyo Kikoyo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|majadiliano]])''' 10:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Oscar Kikoyo}}, badala ya kunishukuru kwa kuanzisha ukurasa [[Oscar Kikoyo]], je unataka kutunisha misuli dhidi yangu? Mimi natimiza wajibu wangu tu. Sheria ni kwamba kila mtu anaruhusiwa kuwa na akaunti moja tu, na sheria ni msumeno. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please recognize, that the person behind that account is just the same person, which spammed nearly your whole talk-page. Please check your recent changes here for every new account and their language. I can assist you here, but you have the ability to identify a machine-translated text by the LTA which abuses your project as his playground. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:10, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please check RC. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 10:12, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] I don't understand. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:02, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::RC = Recent changes = [[Maalum:MabadalikoyaKaribuni]]. You LTA was vandalizing (including your talk page) with 3 Accounts which needed a block. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] you may clean up [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] after your guest was locked with his accounts. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:55, 15 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Buona Qvaresima == Carissimo pe Riccardo, pace e bene!!! Io mi sto preparando alla Pasqua, penso di servire la messa dai miei Barnabiti a Lodi, alla chiesa di san Francesco. Presto lucrerò la santa indulgenza. Ti chiedo un piccolo favore: potresti aprire, o magari anche solamente tradurmi, la pagina che segue? Si tratta di una grande donna lodigiana che ha fatto tanto bene a Lodi e alle donne lodigiane. Grazie mille di tutto e buona Quaresima ancora!!! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ##################### '''Elena Cazzulani''', conosciuta con il diminutivo di '''Ena''', ([[Lodi]], [[20 Desemba]] [[1920]] - [[Vigevano]], [[23 Juni]] [[2008]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa [[Italia]]. Il suo salotto letterario è stato un punto di riferimento per tutta la cultura della città di Lodi e della Lombardia per oltre trenta anni. Ha scritto diverse biografie su donne famose della città di Lodi. La sua famiglia ha fondato il ''Collegio Cazzulani''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827175601/http://www.istitutocazzulani.gov.it/sitovecchio/collegio_cazzulani/storia.html |title=C'era una volta il Collegio |publisher=istitutocazzulani.gov.it |accessdate=10 January 2026}}</ref> L'amminstrazione comunale di Lodi le ha dedicato una Via nel 1914. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.comune.lodi.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/5907 |title=Intitolate tre nuove vie in zona Codignola |author=Comune di Lodi |date=24 December 2014 |publisher=comune.lodi.it |accessdate=10 January 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref>; <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ilcittadino.it/stories/cultura/lodi-omaggia-sue-figlie-migliori-o_11080_96/ |title=Lodi omaggia le sue figlie migliori |author=Fabio Ravera |date=15 October 2012 |publisher=ilcittadino.it |accessdate=25 February 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref> = Opere di Elena Cazzulani * 1982: ''Cristina di Belgioioso'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1983: ''Il muro sul ponte'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1984: ''Giuseppina Strepponi, biografia'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1985: en col·laboració amb Gilberto Coletto: ''Francesco de Lemene. Poesia e teatro'', Ed. del Campus, Lodi * 1988: ''Il collegio Cazzulani'', Edizioni Lodigraf, Lodi * 1989: ''Maria Hadfield Cosway. Biografia, diari e scritti della fondatrice del collegio delle [[Institut de la Benaventurada Verge Maria|Dame Inglesi]] in Lodi'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1991: ''Il viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1992: ''Carlotta Ferrari da Lodi. Poetessa e musicista'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1993: ''Ritorno al viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L'Immagine, Lodi * 1996: ''Il cielo comincia dal suolo'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi = Bibliografia * <Ercole Ongaro, ''Il Lodigiano nel Novecento: la cultura'', Milano, Franco Angeli, 2006 {{ISBN | 978-88-464-7142-0}} = Marejeo <references /> {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1920]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2008]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Italia]] ######################## :{{ping|Rei Momo}}. Volentieri. Naturalmente la via le è stata dedicata nel 2014, non prima della nascita! Buona Quaresima in pace! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:07, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Sììììììììììììì, hai ragione, sono un po' addormentato!!! Ti aiuterò in Francese e Portoghese. Grazie mille ancora. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 11:11, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto!!! Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) == Usahihi wa neno == Habari boss,nimeona umeweka jamii ya Che Zahara,sasa naomba kufahamu usahihi ni upi Wanaharakati wa Singapuri au Wanaharakati wa Singapore?Singapuri ni kiswahili cha Singapore,naomba unielimishe hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Bycashtz|Bycashtz]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bycashtz|majadiliano]])''' 18:23, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Bycashtz}}, kama ulivyosema Singapuri ni Singapore kwa kufuata matamshi yake ilivyo kawaida ya Kiswahili. Lakini shida yetu katika Wikipedia hii ni kwamba tumeshindwa kukubaliana kuhusu majina ya nchi mbalimbali: tufuate tahajia ya Kiingereza iliyozoeleka au matamshi yake au jina lililotoholewa zaidi au...? Hivyo jamii zina utata: nyingine zinatumia Kodivaa, nyingine Cote d'Ivoire, nyingine Ivory Coast... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:41, 24 Machi 2026 (UTC) == NV == [[Maalum:Michango/NATHAN_VERITA$]] = [[Maalum:Michango/Nathan_Veritas]] - destruction impertinente, utilisateur interdit. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-19674-88|&#126;2026-19674-88]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-19674-88|talk]]) 11:23, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Block request == Would you please block @[[User:Gravity Fa11s]] urgently. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:19, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :I have blocked him, but now he go on. I don't know how. What can I do more? Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:20, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Most probably he is using a VPN , Now this will require Meta-Wiki intervention/ Small-Wiki Monitoring Team (SWMT). [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:27, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) Already under GLOBE BAN-ana! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-20430-50|&#126;2026-20430-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-20430-50|talk]]) 07:51, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Bot == Hey! If there's any task you have in mind that requires mass edit and would best be performed by a bot, Please feel free to inform me or if in future you encounter/have that task in mind also don't hesitate to inform me! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:11, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Yes, my friend {{ping|Gayle157}}! I need to add more links in all saints'pages (section: Tazama pia). It may be ease to you by substituting everywhere <nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]</nowiki>" with "<nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]]</nowiki>" The exceptions are only 1 or 2. I'll provide for them afterward. Thank you very much! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Thanks i'm gonna work on it, But for Clarification when substituting, Should [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] remain, Or should be completely substituted for the new categories. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:02, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Gayle157}} Yes, let you substitute it, because it is included in the larger text. Thanks again! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:04, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::One more thing! You mentioned "I need to add more links in '''all saints'pages"''' , Which pages are this? Are they in a category, Or is the bot going to do a deep search in all pages? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:14, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Gayle157}} We need to substitute everywhere. Of course, all such pages are included in the <nowiki>[[jamii:Watakatifu Wakristo]]</nowiki> but some saints are included in more than one category, e.g. <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki> and also <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]]</nowiki>, <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]]</nowiki> etc. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:37, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::Okay , Got it , I'm gonna work on it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:06, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:14, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, kweli suala la majina ya nchi ni muhimu na la muda mrefu. Tuliwahi kulijadili kidogokidogo bila kufikia mwafaka. Pengine tungehitaji kukutana uso kwa uso wengi wetu. Majina mengine yanayopendekezwa na kamusi hayatumiki katika uhalisia wa maisha. Kwa mfano sasa hivi nimemuuliza mfanyakazi kama aliwahi kusikia jina Gine. Jibu lake ni hapana. Nilipomuuliza kuhusu Guinea akajibu ndiyo. Pengine tumezoea zaidi majina ya Kiingereza au ya asili. Kila kesi ni ya pekee. Naomba tushirikishe tena wakabidhi wote, la sivyo tutakuwa na kazi kubwa baadaye kurekebisha makala nyingi. Asante kwa juhudi zako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Yes, the central issue still remains: ::'''Who or what should determine the naming of country articles on Swahili Wikipedia?''' ''Should it be the Kamusi, common everyday usage, linguistic scholars, or reliable published sources?'' ::</br> ::Each of these approaches has its own shortcomings. In many cases, Kamusi terms appear too vague and sometimes fail to reflect the native pronunciation or linguistic character of the original names. At the same time, everyday usage has been heavily influenced by English, which has significantly affected the originality and authenticity of Kiswahili naming conventions. ::</br> ::Historically, many modern countries were either unknown to Swahili speakers or did not yet exist in their present form. Because of this, English names were often adopted to fill that linguistic gap. Later, Kamusi attempted to provide Kiswahili alternatives, but some of those adaptations also moved away from both the native pronunciation and natural Kiswahili phonetics. ::</br> ::Personally, I do not believe that either approach is entirely sufficient, especially when it comes to relying solely on common usage. Many names currently in use are borrowed directly from English without proper adaptation to Kiswahili grammar, spelling patterns, or pronunciation. As a result, they often feel linguistically inconsistent and lacking in Kiswahili originality. ::For that reason, I believe every editor should have a voice in these discussions. Decisions of this nature should not depend only on habit or repetition, but also on linguistic consistency, phonetics, reliable sourcing, and community consensus. ::So far, meaningful discussions on this issue have largely stagnated, and little progress has been made toward establishing a clear and consistent standard. ::</br> ::That is why I believe individual effort and active participation from editors are now more important than ever if we truly want to address this matter properly. ::Thanks; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:56, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} nimesoma alivyoandika {{ping|Muddyb}} kwamba afadhali tufuate kamusi. Hoja zako zinanivutia zaidi kuliko kufuata kamusi, pia kwa sababu kamusi zinatofautiana. Kwa mfano, [[Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili|KKK]] inapendekeza: Gine, Ginebisau na Gineikweta. Shida yetu ni kwamba wengi hawajali sana mambo ya Wikipedia kama hakuna tuzo kutoka Wikimedia... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:35, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) 45i3ght4bfhf5d9rfqj7dmu064nl0re Georg Friedrich Händel 0 15923 1543964 1415953 2026-05-15T21:55:17Z ~2026-29479-23 89353 1543964 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:George Frideric Handel by Balthasar Denner.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Georg Friedrich Händel.]] '''George Frideric Handel''', jina lake kwa asili ya Kijerumani '''Georg Friedrich Händel''' ([[23 Februari]] [[1685]] – [[14 Aprili]] [[1759]]) alikuwa mtunzi maarufu wa [[opera]] kutoka nchini [[Ujerumani]]. Alizaliwa [[Ujerumani]], lakini alitumia maisha yake ya ukubwani akiwa nchini [[Uingereza]]. == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/9089 Edward Dent's Handel biography from Project Gutenberg] * [http://www.boydell.co.uk/43832682.HTM The second volume of Winton Dean for "Handel's Operas" covering the years 1726-1741] {{Wayback|url=http://www.boydell.co.uk/43832682.HTM |date=20090926214736 }} * [http://www.zeno.org/Musik/M/Chrysander,+Friedrich/G.F.+H%C3%A4ndel Friedrich Chrysander's Handel biography (in German)] * Handel Houses: ** [http://www.handelhouse.org The Handel House Museum] {{Wayback|url=http://www.handelhouse.org/ |date=20010615174748 }} ** [http://www.haendelhaus.de/ENGLISH/haendelhaus_e.htm The Händelhaus in Halle] {{Wayback|url=http://www.haendelhaus.de/ENGLISH/haendelhaus_e.htm |date=20061112004648 }} * {{worldcat id|id=lccn-n79-129204}} {{commonscat|Georg Friedrich Händel}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki-Ulaya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Handel, George Frideric}} [[Jamii:Watunzi wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1685]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1759]] 7owasspsgtbt4m9bef8gwk6leypshzp Wikipedia:Matukio ya hivi karibuni 4 16648 1544136 1541636 2026-05-16T07:46:18Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Makala ya 115,000 */ 1544136 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Makala ya 116,000== Tarehe 16 Mei 2026 makala juu ya [[John Brodie (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]] imefanya idadi ya makala ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ifikie 116,000. ==Makala ya 115,000== Mapema tarehe 13 Mei 2026 makala ya 115,000 ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilitungwa kuhusu [[Nadia Ginetti]], mwanasiasa wa Italia. ==Makala ya 114,000== Tarehe 10 Mei 2026, Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilifikisha makala 114,000 kwa kupitia makala ya [[Hellen Linkswiler]] (5 Januari 1912 – 24 Juni 1984), mtaalamu wa lishe na mwanasayansi wa lishe kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyefanya utafiti kuhusu mahitaji ya madini katika mwili wa binadamu na asidi amino. ==Makala ya 113,000== Tarehe 7 Mei 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imepata makala ya 113,000 inayohusu [[Jan Eliasberg]] mwongozaji na mwandishi wa filamu, maonyesho ya jukwaa, na televisheni kutoka nchini Marekani. ==Makala ya 112,000== Tarehe 28 Aprili 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imepata makala ya 112,000 inayohusu [[Silverio Izaguirre]], [[Mpira wa miguu|mwanasoka]] wa [[Hispania]]. ==Makala ya 111,000== Tarehe 21 Aprili 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imewahi kupata makala ya 111,000 kuhusu [[Janet Nwadiogo Mokelu]], [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] wa Afrika Kusini. ==Makala ya 110,000== Tarehe 16 Aprili 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imefikia idadi ya makala 110,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Linda Moss]], mwanasiasa wa nchi hiyohiyo. ==Makala ya 109,000== Tarehe [[9 Aprili]] 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imepata makala ya 109,000 kuhusu [[Cyprien Mbonimpa]], [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Burundi]].. ==Haririo la 1,500,000== Siku hiyohiyo ilikuwa imepata kufanyika haririo la 1,500,000 tangu Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ianzishwe. ==Makala ya 108,000== Tarehe [[18 Machi]] 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imepata makala ya 108,000 kuhusu [[Wahindi wa Tanzania]]. ==Makala ya 107,000== Tarehe [[23 Februari]] 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imepata makala ya 107,000 kuhusu [[Chang Ming-che]], mwanataaluma wa [[Taiwan]]. ==Makala ya 106,000== Tarehe [[11 Februari]] 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imepata makala ya 106,000 kuhusu [[Musa Tukur Yakasai]], profesa wa [[Nigeria]]. ==Makala ya 105,000== Tarehe [[31 Januari]] 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imepata makala kuhusu [[Eliane Rosa Naika]], [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Madagaska]]: ndiyo ya 105,000. ==Makala ya 104,000== Mwaka [[2026]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imefikia kuwa na makala ya 104,000 tarehe [[10 Januari]] kuhusu [[filamu]] [[Miss Fatimah]]. ==Makala ya 103,000== Tarehe 8 Desemba imetungwa makala ya 103,000 kuhusu [[Carlentini]], mji wa [[Sisilia|Sicilia]], [[Italia visiwani]]. ==Makala ya 102,000== Tarehe 8 Oktoba imetungwa makala ya 102,000 kuhusu [[Irene Charnley]]. ==Makala ya 101,000== Kwa kasi hiyohiyo ya mwaka 2025, Wikipedia yetu imepiku mapema toleo la [[Kimalagasy]] na tarehe 23 Agosti kuwahi nakala ya 101,000 kuhusu [[Dada wa Cooney]]. =='''Makala ya 100,000'''== Kwa makala juu ya [[Barclayville]],‎ tarehe [[23 Juni]] [[2025]] Wikipedia yetu imetimiza idadi ya laki moja! Ni Wikipedia ya Afrika ya nne kufikia kiwango hicho, siku chache baada ya ile ya Malagasy, na ni ya kwanza kati ya [[lugha za Kiniger-Kongo]]. Tunawashukuru wote, wazima kwa wafu, waliochangia mafanikio hayo. ==Makala ya 99,000== Tarehe [[4 Juni]] 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imefikia makala ya 99,000 kwa ukurasa kuhusu [[wilaya ya Luanshya]] nchini [[Zambia]]. ==Makala ya 98,000== Tarehe [[9 Machi]] 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imefikia makala ya 98,000 kwa ukurasa kuhusu [[mwimbaji]] [[Kirsten Price]].‎ ==Makala ya 97,000== Tarehe [[25 Februari]] 2025 imefikia makala ya 97,000 kwa ukurasa kuhusu [[kardinali]] [[Giulio Bevilacqua]].‎ ==Makala ya 96,000== Tarehe 18 Februari 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imefikia makala ya 96,000 kuhusu [[mwimbaji]] [[Janie Fricke]].‎ ==Makala ya 95,000== Tarehe [[6 Februari]] 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 95,000 juu ya [[Uwanja wa Michezo wa Perth Rectangular]].‎ ==Makala ya 94,000== Tarehe [[31 Januari]] 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 94,000 kuhusu [[askofu]] [[Joseph Mukasa Zuza]]. ==Makala ya 93,000== Tarehe [[22 Januari]] 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 93,000 kuhusu [[Mpira wa miguu|mwanasoka]] [[Grant Needham]]. ==Makala ya 92,000== Tarehe [[13 Januari]] 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 92,000 kuhusu [[mwanamuziki]] [[Terry Tufts]].‎ ==Makala ya 91,000== Tarehe [[6 Januari]] 2025 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 91,000 kuhusu [[mwanasiasa]] [[Saka Isau]].‎ ==Makala ya 90,000== Tarehe [[11 Desemba]] [[2024]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 90,000 kuhusu mchezaji [[Jason Hartill]].‎ Kwa mara ya kwanza tumeweza kuanzisha makala 1,000 kwa siku mbili tu. ==Makala ya 89,000== Tarehe [[9 Desemba]] 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 89,000 kuhusu jimbo la [[Norwei]] [[Vestland]].‎ Kwa mara ya kwanza tumeweza kuanzisha makala 10,000 kwa mwaka mmoja tu. Hongera kwa wote waliochangia. ==Makala ya 88,000== Tarehe [[1 Desemba]] 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 88,000 kuhusu [[Mpira wa miguu|mwanakandanda]] wa kike [[Stephanie Bukovec]].‎ ==Makala ya 87,000== Tarehe [[22 Novemba]] 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 87,000 kuhusu mwanakandanda [[Nicholas Lindsay]].‎ ==Makala ya 86,000== Tarehe [[7 Novemba]] 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 86,000 kuhusu [[Riadha|mwanariadha]] [[Juma Ndiwa]].‎ ==Makala ya 85,000== Tarehe 20 Oktoba 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 85,000 kuhusu [[mtakatifu]] [[Leoniani wa Vienne]]. ==Makala ya 84,000== Tarehe 8 Oktoba 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 84,000 kuhusu mwanariadha [[Jürgen Kühl]].‎‎ ==Makala ya 83,000== Tarehe 19 Septemba 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 83,000 kuhusu mwanariadha [[Jacques Riparelli]]. ==Makala ya 82,000== Tarehe 10 Julai 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 82,000 kuhusu [[pipa]]. ==Makala ya 81,000== Tarehe 11 Juni 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 81,000 ambayo inahusu [[Kufukuzwa kwa Wamoroko kutoka Algeria]]. ==Makala ya 80,000== Tarehe 21 Aprili 2024 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imekuwa na makala ya 80,000 ambayo inahusu [[mwandamizi]]. ==Mradi mpya wa kata za Tanzania== Tarehe [[20 Aprili]] 2024 tumemaliza kuingiza taarifa za [[kata]] zote nchini [[Tanzania]] kufuatana na [[sensa]] ya mwaka 2022. ==Makala ya 79,000== Tarehe 9 Desemba [[2023]] Wikipedia hii imefikia makala ya 79,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya kata ya [[Chemchem (Unguja)]] katika mradi mpya wa kata za Tanzania. {{Infobox_Person | jina =Kipala | nchi =Ujerumani | majina_mengine = | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_la_kuzaliwa = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = | tarehe_ya_kufariki =10 Julai 2023 | mahala_alipofia = | sababu_ya_kifariki = | anajulikana kwa = | kazi_yake = Mchungaji | cheo =Mchungaji | mshahara = | kipindi = | alitanguliwa_na = | akafuatiwa_na = | chama = | bodi = | dini = | ndoa = | rafiki = | watoto = | mahusiano = | tovuti = | maelezo = | mwajiri = | urefu = | uzito = }} ==Kifo cha Kipala== Tarehe [[10 Julai]] 2023 mwenzetu bureaucrat [[mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ameaga dunia. Mchungaji wa Kilutheri na mmisionari katika nchi mbalimbali, zikiwemo [[Tanzania]], [[Kenya]] na [[Iran]], Ingo Koll amefariki nyumbani mwake nchini [[Ujerumani]]. Alichangia sana kamusi elezo ya lugha yetu tangu tarehe 13 Machi 2006 hadi tarehe 28 Juni 2023. Mbali ya hilo, alikuwa kiungo kikuu katika kutuweka pamoja kama Wikipedia ya Kiswahili. Alitoa mchango mkubwa sana katika kuistawisha na katika mijadala mbalimbali, pamoja na kutuwakilisha kimataifa. Mwenyezi Mungu amjalie raha ya milele. Amina. Tarehe 13 Mei 2023 alikuwa amemuandikia [[mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|ndugu Rikardo]]: "Juzi daktari aliniarifu kwamba nimepata kansa. Aina hiyo kwenye kongosho inaweza kuendelea haraka sana, lakini kuna uwezekano fulani wa tiba itakayoongeza muda kidogo ... labda mwaka 1 au miwili. Hadi sasa sisikii matatizo lakini nahisi maumivu yatakuja, na matokeo ya tiba ya madawa makali yataniathiri pia. Kwa hiyo - sijui sasa nitaweza kuendelea kwa muda gani. Wiki ijayo naingia hospitalini kwa utafiti zaidi. Sidhani ni wakati wa kuaga sasa. Sina hamu ya kupokea wimbi la "pole". Tangu nimepita umri wa miaka 70 nilijiambia "kuanzia sasa hakuna cha kulalamika", maana katika kazi yangu nimezika watu mamia nilipenda kusoma zaburi ya 90. Nachukua wakati wangu kama zawadi. Sikutegemea nitapatwa na kansa ya haraka vile lakini sioni faida ya kulalamika. Hadi sasa maisha yangu yamekuwa mazuri sana, nina kila sababu kumshukuru Mungu na kushukuru watu niliokuta kwenye njia zangu. Hii ni pamoja na wewe!" ==Makala ya 78,000== Tarehe [[15 Juni]] 2023 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 78,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Jamil Adam]] katika mradi wa [[Mchezaji|wachezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]]. ==Makala ya 77,000== Tarehe [[25 Machi]] 2023 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 77,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Chomutov]], [[mji]] wa [[Ucheki]]. ==Wakabidhi wapya wanne== Mwezi Aprili 2023 ulifanyika uchaguzi wa wakabidhi wapya. Kati ya 6 waliogombea, 4 wamechaguliwa kwa kupata zaidi ya nusu ya kura halali. Kazi njema, ndugu! ==Makala ya 76,000== Tarehe [[23 Desemba]] [[2022]] Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 76,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Bouhjar]], [[mji]] wa [[Tunisia]]. ==Makala ya 75,00== Tarehe [[17 Septemba]] 2022 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 75,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Kouandé]], [[mji]] wa [[Benin]]. ==Makala ya 74,00== Tarehe [[15 Julai]] 2022 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 74,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Ghuba ya Venezuela]]. ==Makala ya 73,00== Tarehe [[6 Juni]] 2022 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 73,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Frenda]], mji wa [[Algeria]]. ==Makala ya 72,00== Tarehe [[14 Mei]] 2022 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 72,000. Kwa kuwa makala nyingi zimetungwa kwa mashindano, kuna kazi kubwa ni kuziweka sawa. ==Makala ya 71,00== Tarehe [[23 Aprili]] 2022 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 71,000 kwa makala nyingi za mradi wa [[Jamii:Arusha Editathon Muziki|Arusha Editathon Muziki]]. ==Makala ya 70,00== Tarehe [[10 Machi]] 2022 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 70,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Ilesa]] katika mradi wa miji ya [[Nigeria]]. ==Makala ya 69,000== Tarehe [[11 Januari]] 2022 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 69,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Maroua]] katika mradi wa miji ya [[Kamerun]]. ==Makala ya 68,000== Tarehe [[29 Oktoba]] [[2021]] Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 68,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Chambishi]] katika mradi wa [[miji]] ya [[Zambia]]. ==Makala ya 67,000== Tarehe [[9 Septemba]] 2021 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 67,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Nairagie Ngare]] katika mradi wa [[vijiji]] vya [[Kenya]]. ==Makala ya 66,000== Tarehe [[14 Agosti]] 2021 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 66,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Makutano]] katika mradi wa kata za Kenya. ==Makala ya 65,000== Tarehe [[5 Julai]] 2021 Wikipedia hii imefikia idadi ya 65,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Mwea]] katika mradi wa kata za Kenya. ==Makala ya 64,000== Tarehe [[19 Juni]] 2021 Wikipedia hii imevuka idadi ya 64,000 kutokana na tendo la kurudisha makala 907 lililofanywa na steward aliyekuwa amezifuta kwa mkupuo mmoja mwaka 2020. ==Makala ya 63,000== Tarehe [[8 Juni]] 2021 mradi wa Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha kuhusu viwanja vya michezo umefikisha Wikipedia yetu hadi kutunga makala ya 63,000 na kusonga mbele haraka. Hongera na asante kwa wahusika wote! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:58, 9 Juni 2021 (UTC) ==Makala ya 62,000== Tarehe [[7 Mei]] 2021 mradi wa [[miji]] ya [[Italia]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 62,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[San Giovanni Rotondo]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 15:28, 7 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Makala ya 61,000== Tarehe [[15 Machi]] 2021 mradi wa [[watakatifu]] [[Wakristo]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 61,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Agrikola wa Chalon]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:19, 15 Machi 2021 (UTC) ==Makala ya 60,000== Tarehe [[20 Agosti]] [[2020]] mradi wa [[mito]] ya [[Burundi]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 60,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mto Rubirizi (Muramvya)]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:28, 20 Agosti 2020 (UTC) Tarehe [[8 Novemba]] 2020 Wikipedia yetu imetimiza tena idadi hiyo baada ya kukatwa makala 800 hivi hapo katikati (mpaka sasa hatujajua ilikuwaje). Ukurasa husika ni juu ya [[mtakatifu]] [[Andrea Avellino]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:14, 8 Novemba 2020 (UTC) ==Makala ya 59,000== Tarehe [[22 Mei]] [[2020]] mradi wa [[miji ya Rwanda]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 59,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mukarange]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:02, 22 Mei 2020 (UTC) ==Makala ya 58,000== Tarehe [[3 Aprili]] [[2020]] mradi wa [[Orodha ya mito ya Burundi|mito ya Burundi]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 58,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mto Gihororo (Karuzi)]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:55, 3 Aprili 2020 (UTC) ==Makala ya 57,000== Tarehe [[17 Machi]] [[2020]] mradi wa [[wachezaji mpira]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 57,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Gilmar Rinaldi]]. Kurasa elfu kwa juma moja tu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 05:44, 18 Machi 2020 (UTC) ==Makala ya 56,000== Tarehe [[10 Machi]] [[2020]] mradi wa [[Makabila ya Uganda]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 56,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Wakumam]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:36, 10 Machi 2020 (UTC) ==Makala ya 55,000== Tarehe [[13 Desemba]] [[2019]] mradi wa [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika|Watakatifu wa Afrika]] umefikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 55,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Yusto askofu]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 13 Desemba 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 54,000== Tarehe [[4 Oktoba]] 2019 makala ya 54,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[wafiadini]] wa [[Afrika]] [[Suksesi na wenzake 17]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:23, 4 Oktoba 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 53,000== Tarehe [[10 Agosti]] 2019 makala ya 53,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[Tarafa ya Tiémélékro]]. Tunawashukuru wachangiaji wetu kutoka [[Cote d'Ivoire]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:58, 11 Agosti 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 52,000== Tarehe [[16 Julai]] 2019 makala ya 52,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Rwoho]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:55, 16 Julai 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 51,000== Tarehe [[31 Mei]] 2019 makala ya 51,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Osia]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:35, 31 Mei 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 50,000== Tarehe [[3 Mei]] 2019 makala ya 50,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Ocere]]. Hatimaye tumefikia hatua hiyo kubwa! Hongera kwa wote! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:31, 3 Mei 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 49,000== Tarehe [[23 Machi]] 2019 makala ya 49,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Wangodugu]]. Tukazane ili kufikia mapema ya 50,000! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 23 Machi 2019 (UTC) ::Hongera sana Ndugu Riccardo kwa michango yako!! Na asante!'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:58, 23 Machi 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 48,000== Tarehe [[7 Februari]] 2019 makala ya 48,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[kisiwa cha Musira]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:30, 7 Februari 2019 (UTC) ==Makala ya 47,000== Tarehe [[8 Novemba]] [[2018]] makala ya 47,000 imetungwa kuhusu mto Olkimatare. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:26, 8 Novemba 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 46,000== Tarehe [[15 Oktoba]] 2018 makala ya 46,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Wakavi]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:41, 15 Oktoba 2018 (UTC) ==Ukurasa wa 100,000== Tarehe [[5 Oktoba]] 2018, kwa makala juu ya [[Mto Thiririka]], Wikipedia yetu imefikia ukurasa wa 100,000 zikihesabiwa si makala tu, bali pia kurasa za maelekezo, majadiliano, watumiaji n.k. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:41, 5 Oktoba 2018 (UTC) ==Baba Tabita kuaga== Tarehe [[26 Septemba]] 2018, huyo mchangiaji wetu mkuu ameandika ili kutuaga baada ya kazi ya miaka 12 na kisha kuugua kwa muda mrefu, akisema hajui kama ataweza kuchangia tena. Tunazidi kumuombea kwa Mwenyezi Mungu aweze kupona na kuendelea nasi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:31, 26 Septemba 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 45,000== Tarehe [[12 Agosti]] [[2018]] makala ya 45,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Ilangi]], [[Korongo (jiografia)|korongo]] wa [[Kenya]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:11, 12 Agosti 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 44,000== Tarehe [[30 Julai]] [[2018]] makala ya 44,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Nyairoko]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:55, 30 Julai 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 43,000== Tarehe [[7 Julai]] makala ya 43,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Kaptarit]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 15:36, 7 Julai 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 42,000== Tarehe 21 Mei 2018, makala ya 42,000 imetungwa kuhusu [[mto Jigulu]]. Mbele kwa mbele! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:18, 21 Mei 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 41,000== Tarehe 2 Mei 2018, makala ya 41,000 ilianzishwa na [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Ndugu Riccardo]] kuhusu [[Mto Ligunga]]. Tusonge mbeleee! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|majadiliano]])''' 05:13, 3 Mei 2018 (UTC) :Ninja [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Ndugu Riccardo]] katika ubora wake. Safi sana! Tunasonga. Sasa hivi tutafika walipo Afrikaans!--[[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]] 08:22, 3 Mei 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 40,000== Tarehe 17 Machi 2018, makala ya 40,000 (AROBAINI ELFU, jamani!) ni kuhusu mlima [[Nidze]]. Makala ilianzishwa na [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Ndugu Riccardo]]. Asante na hongera, Mzee! Sherehe itafanyika wapiii? Tupo pamoja katika furaha na fahari. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 17 Machi 2018 (UTC) :Sasa niseme tu, zama zangu zimeisha! Nyakati zangu nilipiga buku ndani ya wiki 2. Furaha iliyopo hadi mgonjwa umeamka kitandani. Pole sana mzee wangu, Oliver, na ahsante kwa taarifa!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Mwanaharakati'''</sub></font>]]</span><font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]] 12:37, 17 Machi 2018 (UTC) ::Kweli tunahitaji sherehe. Hongereni ndugu zangu wote! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Ndesanjo|Ndesanjo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ndesanjo|majadiliano]])''' 23:44, 30 Mei 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 39,000== Tarehe 24 Desemba 2017, makala ya 39,000 imeandikwa. Sasa tunalenga ya 40,000: tujitahidi pamoja. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 13 Januari 2018 (UTC) ==Makala ya 38,000== Tarehe 12 Oktoba 2017, makala ya 38,000 ni kuhusu [[Ziwa Kamnarok]], [[ziwa]] lililokauka la [[Kenya]]. Makala iliandikwa na [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Ndugu Riccardo]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|majadiliano]])''' 21:16, 13 Oktoba 2017 (UTC) ==Makala ya 37,000== Tarehe 30 Julai 2017, makala ya 37,000 ni kuhusu [[Ziwa Ambussel]], ziwa dogo la [[Tanzania]]. Makala iliandikwa na [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Ndugu Riccardo]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|majadiliano]])''' 17:44, 30 Julai 2017 (UTC) ==Makala ya 36,000== Tarehe 20 Mei 2017, makala ya 36,000 ni kuhusu [[Abdallah Majurah Bulembo]], mwanasiasa wa [[Tanzania]]. Makala iliandikwa na Ndugu [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Luhazi|Luhazi]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|majadiliano]])''' 18:29, 20 Mei 2017 (UTC) ==Makala ya 35,000== Tarehe 12 Januari 2017, makala ya 35,000 ni kuhusu mwandishi [[James Tate (mwandishi)|James Tate]] aliyepokea [[Tuzo ya Pulitzer ya Ushairi]] mwaka wa 1992. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|majadiliano]])''' 10:41, 12 Januari 2017 (UTC) ==Makala ya 33,000== 18 Aprili 2016, makala ya 33,000 ni [[Kio'du]], lugha ya [[Vietnam]] na [[Laos]]. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|majadiliano]])''' 11:43, 18 Aprili 2016 (UTC) ==Haririo la 1,000,000== Upande wa maharirio, tarehe [[10 Oktoba]] 2015 yamefikia [[idadi]] ya [[milioni]] 1. ==Makala ya 30,000== Nimejitahidi lakini nahisi aliyepita ni Riccardo mnamo tar. 21. Septemba 2015, sina uhakika makala gani. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:32, 23 Septemba 2015 (UTC) :Ni [[Historia ya Madagaska]] tarehe 22 Septemba 2015. Hongera kwa wote! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:55, 24 Septemba 2015 (UTC) ==Makala ya 29,000== *13 Juni 2015, makala ya 29,000 ni [[Pembe kuu‎]] (pembe ya 180°, isiyoonekana kama pembe inafanana na mstari wa kawaida...) ==Warsha ya Wikipedia Morogoro== Tarehe 21 Machi 2015, wahariri wafuatao walitoa warsha ya kuandika na kuhariri makala za wikipedia ya Kiswahili kwa walimu na wanafunzi wa [http://www.alfagems.com/ shule ya sekondari ya AlfaGems] mjini [[Morogoro (mji)|Morogoro]]: [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], [[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]], [[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] na [[Mtumiaji:Baba Tabita|Baba Tabita]] (bahati mbaya, [[Mtumiaji:Muddyb Blast Producer|Muddyb Blast Producer]] alibanwa kazini na kutoweza kuhudhuria). Tumefurahi kuona mafanikio mema! <gallery> Morogoro 2015 Warsha ya wanafunzi 1.jpg|Warsha ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili Morogoro 2015 Machi - Warsha ya wanafunzi 1 Morogoro 2015 Warsha ya wanafunzi 2.jpg|Warsha ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili Morogoro 2015 Machi - Warsha ya wanafunzi 2 Morogoro 2015 warsha ya wanafunzi 3.jpg|Warsha ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili Morogoro 2015 Machi - Warsha ya wanafunzi 3 Warsha wanafunzi.jpg|Warsha ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili Morogoro 2015 Machi - Warsha ya wanafunzi 4 Alfagems Shule ya Sekondari Morogoro - Wikipedia imefika!.jpg|Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imefika Alfagems SS Warsha ya walimu.jpg|Walimu walikuwa na warsha yao pia Alfagems Shule ya Sekondari Morogoro - wikipedia imefika hadi chumba hiki.jpg|Hapo iko chumba cha kompyuta ambako wanafunzi zaidi ya 60 waliangalia nafasi zilizopo kwenye wikipedia ya Kiswahili </gallery> ==Makala ya 28,000== *25 Januari 2015, makala ya 28,000 ni [[Kipaici]], lugha ya [[Kaledonia Mpya]]. ==Makala ya 22,000== *28 Oktoba 2011 imefika makala 22,000! ==Makala ya 20,000== [[Picha:Wikipedia 20000 articles.png|80px|right]] * 21 Agosti 2010: mji wa [[Dordrecht]] ;-) ==Makala ya 15,000== * 25 Desemba 2009 (UTC) :-) '''Mlimba''' ni tarafa iliyopo katika wilaya ya Kilombero katika Mkoa wa Morogoro. Ipo umbali wa kilomita 150 kutoka Ifakara mjini. Tarafa ya Mlimba ina ujumla wa kata 6. Kata ya Tanganyika Masagati ni kata maarufu sana katika tarafa ya Mlimba. Ipo umbali usiopungua kilomita 100 kutoka Mlimba mjini. Tarafa hii inakabiliwa na matatizo mbalimbali ikiwemo ya usafiri, utumishi wa umma {walimu,madaktari n.k}. Wakazi wa mlimba wanategemea zaidi usafiri wa TAZARA. Kata ya Mlimba ina shule za msingi zisizopungua 10 na sekondari 3.Tarafa ya Mlimba ina shule zaidi ya 30 za msingi na 8 za sekondari. Moja kati ya shule maarufu ni shule ya msingi MAKIRIKA na shule ya sekondari MLIMBA GIRLS. Shule ya msingi MAKIRIKA ipo umbali wa kilomita 10 kutoka Mlimba mjini. Shule hii ipo katika kijiji cha Makirika. Ina walimu 4 {Donatus Dacky, Abel Michael, John Justine na Selemani Mkonje},shule ina darasa la awali hadi la saba! Pia katika tarafa ya mlimba utakutana na mgodi wa umeme{KIHANSI}... imehaririwa na selemani mkonje ==Maendeleo ya makala za kata nchini [[Tanzania]]== Makala za kata zinafuata majina ya kata yaliyotajwa katika taarifa ya sensa 2002. Kata zilizoanzishwa baadaye kwa kawaida hazipo bado. Kata zote za Tanzania zimepata makala fupi ya mbegu; mengine yameshapanushwa. Ilikuwa kazi kubwa na ya maana! Kazi inayobaki ni kufuatilia habari za wilaya mpya zilizoanzishwa mwaka 2006/2007 kwa sababu orodha ya kata iliyopatikana ilikuwa ya sensa ya mwaka 2002. Pale tulipotambua wilaya mpya tulianza makala ya wilaya pia kigezo cha kata zake isipokuwa bado bila majina. Kata ya wilaya mpya bado zinaorodheshwa chini ya chini ya wilaya mama. Mifano ya wilaya mpya ni [[Wilaya ya Misenyi]], [[Wilaya ya Chato]], [[Wilaya ya Rorya]]. ==Mikoa ya Tanzania ambayo kata zote zimeanzishwa makala ya mbegu== [[Mkoa wa Arusha|Arusha]] | [[Mkoa wa Dar es Salaam|Dar es Salaam]] | [[Mkoa wa Dodoma|Dodoma]] | [[Mkoa wa Iringa|Iringa]] | [[Mkoa wa Kagera|Kagera]] | [[Mkoa wa Kilimanjaro|Kilimanjaro]] | [[Mkoa wa Kigoma|Kigoma]] | [[Mkoa wa Lindi|Lindi]] | [[Mkoa wa Mara|Mara]] | [[Mkoa wa Mwanza|Mwanza]] | [[Mkoa wa Mbeya|Mbeya]] | [[Mkoa wa Manyara|Manyara]] | [[Mkoa wa Morogoro|Morogoro]] | [[Mkoa wa Mtwara|Mtwara]] | [[Mkoa wa Pemba Kaskazini |Pemba Kaskazini]] | [[Mkoa wa Pemba Kusini|Pemba Kusini]] | [[Mkoa wa Pwani|Pwani]] | [[Mkoa wa Rukwa|Rukwa]] | [[Mkoa wa Ruvuma|Ruvuma]] | [[Mkoa wa Shinyanga|Shinyanga]] | [[Mkoa wa Singida|Singida]] | [[Mkoa wa Tabora|Tabora]] | [[Mkoa wa Tanga|Tanga]] | [[Mkoa wa Unguja Mjini Magharibi|Unguja Mjini Magharibi]] | [[Mkoa wa Unguja Kaskazini|Unguja Kaskazini]] | [[Mkoa wa Unguja Kusini|Unguja Kusini]] ==Wikipedia yetu katika orodha ya [[meta:List of Wikipedias by edits per article]]== [[Meta:List_of_Wikipedias_by_sample_of_articles]] inalinganisha wikipedia za lugha mbalimbali kwenye msingi wa orodha la [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo]]. Katika ulinganisho wa Aprili 2009 makala zifuatazo ziliangaliwa hasa kuwa ama zinekosekana kabisa au ni fupi mno au ziko na ukubwa karibu na ngazi inayofuata (kati ya ndogo-wastani-kubwa na kila ngazi inapewa uzito tofauti katika ulinganisho). Majina yafuatayo ni katika wikipedia ya Kiingereza. #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Song Song] ([[Wimbo|wimbo - alama 463 pekee]]) #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Crusades Crusades] - [[vita za misalaba]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Communism Communism] - [[ukomunisti]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Culture Culture] - [[utamaduni]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Big Bang Big Bang] - [[mlipuko mkuu]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Evolution Evolution] - [[mageuko ya spishi]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Democracy Democracy] - [[demokrasia]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Horse Horse] - [[farasi]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Basketball Basketball] - [[mpira wa kikapu]] #[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Fascism Fashism] - [[ufashisti]] --'''[[User:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[User talk:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 17:21, 9 Aprili 2009 (UTC) == Mradi mpya: [[Wilaya, tarafa na kata za Kenya]]== Baada ya kutunga makala za mbegu kwa kila kata ya [[Tanzania]] tunalenga sasa kufanya kazi hiyohiyo kwa kata zote za Kenya. Ukurasa [[Wilaya, tarafa na kata za Kenya]] umeundwa kwa muda kwa kurahisisha utekelezaji wa mradi huu. Orodha hii inafikiwa pia kwa kifupi[[ kata Kenya]]. == Swahili Wikipedia now the largest African language Wikipedia == Apologies for the English, I don't speak Swahili, but I thought I'd let everyone know that Swahili has just passed Afrikaans as the largest African language Wikipedia. Congratulations! See [http://www.greenman.co.za/blog/?p=614 greenman.co.za] for more information. '''[[Mtumiaji:Greenman|Greenman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Greenman|majadiliano]])''' 22:12, 3 Agosti 2009 (UTC) ::It was time! - Don't you think so? - Congratulations!--'''[[Mtumiaji:Aristo Class|Aristo Class]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Aristo Class|majadiliano]])''' 13:48, 10 Septemba 2018 (UTC) ==The Nairobi Hospital== Apologies for the English, my Kiswahili are not that good. I've been writting an article (at the el:Wikipedia) about the "[[:el:The Nairobi Hospital]]" and I do not have any pictures to support it. Can somebody from the Nairobi area, take several pictures of "The Nairobi Hospital" and upload them at Wikimedia Commons?<br/> Asante sana!--'''[[Mtumiaji:Aristo Class|Aristo Class]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Aristo Class|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 8 Septemba 2018 (UTC)<br/> P.S. I am particullarly interested of the "Galanos Block".<br/> --'''[[Mtumiaji:Aristo Class|Aristo Class]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Aristo Class|majadiliano]])''' 16:05, 14 Septemba 2018 (UTC) ==Galanos sulphur baths== Additive to The Nairobi Hospital request, I have another one, the following: I have written the [[:el:Galanos sulphur baths]] at the Greek Wikipedia and do not have any pictures to accompany it. Can somebody from the [[:el:Tanga Region]], take several photographs of the "Galanos thermal springs" and upload them at Wikimedia Commons?<br/> Asante sana!--'''[[Mtumiaji:Aristo Class|Aristo Class]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Aristo Class|majadiliano]])''' 16:01, 14 Septemba 2018 (UTC) :Thanks for your contribution. We are a small group, at the moment I am not aware of anybody around Tanga. Lets see if we find someone. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:44, 19 Septemba 2018 (UTC) ::Dear '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]]''', thank you very much for your response, I'll be waiting and hoping.<br/> ::With kindest regards!--'''[[Mtumiaji:Aristo Class|Aristo Class]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Aristo Class|majadiliano]])''' 07:48, 22 Septemba 2018 (UTC) == Afrocuration == Hi all. I will be adding 4 articles relating to the Afrocuration project to add articles relating to Covid-19. Namely, [[Utambuzi|Medical Diagnosis]], [[Ugonjwa unaopitishwa hewani|Airborne Disease]], Hand Washing, [[Athari ya pandemia ya Korona 2019-20 kwa mazingira|Environmental impact]]. Kind regards '''[[Mtumiaji:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dumbassman|majadiliano]])''' 15:01, 6 Juni 2020 (UTC) : {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} can I upload the other 2 articles? '''[[Mtumiaji:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dumbassman|majadiliano]])''' 16:17, 8 Juni 2020 (UTC) ::If you used computer translation, it's better if you don't upload them. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:51, 9 Juni 2020 (UTC) ::: The 2 pages I created was made through an Afrocuration project done by translators that do speak Kiswahili and was not made through the content creation tool. Unfortunately I cannot gauge the quality of these articles. Were the other 2 of such poor quality that I shouldn't upload them? Thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dumbassman|majadiliano]])''' 11:09, 9 Juni 2020 (UTC) :::: Truly, the first one was very poor, the second one was a little better. Many times Swahili speakers are not so good translators! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 9 Juni 2020 (UTC) ::::: Thanks a lot for your honest feedback. I will ask that the other 2 articles first be proofread. If anyone is keen to help the Google docs are available [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QUovtBQax-5hrTerPVDG6mg_0t_r0CkyrE-YrkotB1o/edit# here] and [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1huDcJvyIdWk3QT1EDmOUNjfXIGRMuzr79n0S9z4bJls/edit# here]. Thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dumbassman|majadiliano]])''' 16:02, 9 Juni 2020 (UTC) :::::: Both articles need many corrections, though they are understandable. Let you upload them, then we will try to work on them. Thank you for your care and humble attitude. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:37, 10 Juni 2020 (UTC) :::::::::::: Asante sana kwa maoni yako ya kweli. Nitauliza kwamba nakala zingine 2 kwanza zihakikiwe. Ikiwa mtu yeyote ana hamu ya kusaidia hati za Google zinapatikana [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QUovtBQax-5hrTerPVDG6mg_0t_r0CkyrE-YrkotB1o/edit# hapa] na '''[[Mtumiaji:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dumbassman|majadiliano]])''' 08:47, 13 Juni 2020 (UTC) ==Wikipedia pages Wanting Photos #WPWP== Habari wachangiaji, katika mradi wa WPWP unaoendelea hivi sasa, kuna fujo nyingi za wachangiaji wakati wa kuongeza picha, kama kuacha maneno ya lugha nyingine katika maelezo juu ya picha. Hivyo ni ombi langu kwa wachangiaji angalau kupitia hizi makala na kufanya masahihisho. [[https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Michango/Tarih&offset=&limit=500&target=Tarih|Angalia kiungo hiki]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|Czeus25 Masele]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Czeus25 Masele|majadiliano]])''' 06:55, 10 Agosti 2020 (UTC) :Ni kweli. Kwa tamaa ya tuzo wengine wanaongeza picha yoyote na maandishi yasiyo sahihi. Sisi hatuna muda wa kupitia kazi hizo zote. Hata hivyo kwa jumla faida fulani ipo. Amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:01, 10 Agosti 2020 (UTC) ==Have you Voted?== Hi all, There are 16 eligible voters in Swahili Wikipedia for the ongoing [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021|Wikimedia Board of Trustees elections]]. But only one 3 people have voted so far. The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election is still ongoing. Votes will be accepted until 23:59 31 August 2021 (UTC). [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wgyP3fNI4M 2021 Wikimedia Board election video]:Please watch and share this widely so we can motivate more participation from all eligible voters! Please visit [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Board Elections 2021|here]] to cast your vote. You can also read more about the candidates [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2021/Candidates|here]] Best, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 10:07, 26 Agosti 2021 (UTC) == 2021 Wikimedia Board of Trustees Election Result == Thank you to everyone who participated in the 2021 Board election. The Elections Committee has reviewed the votes of the 2021 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election, organized to select four new trustees. A record 6,873 people from across 214 projects cast their valid votes. The following four candidates received the most support: *[[:meta:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Candidates/Rosie_Stephenson-Goodknight Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight|Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight]] *[[:meta:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Candidates/Victoria_Doronina Victoria Doronina|Victoria Doronina]] *[[:meta:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Candidates/Dariusz_Jemielniak Dariusz Jemielniak|Dariusz Jemielniak]] *[[:meta:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Candidates/Lorenzo_Losa Lorenzo Losa|Lorenzo Losa]] While these candidates have been ranked through the community vote, they are not yet appointed to the Board of Trustees. They still need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. The Board has set a tentative date to appoint new trustees at the end of this month. Read the full announcement [[:meta:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/2021-09-07/2021_Election_Results|here]]. Best, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 10:49, 8 Septemba 2021 (UTC) ==Campaigns Ambassador Contractor Opening For African French, Arabic And Swahili Speakers== Dear Swahili Wikipedia Community, The [[m:Campaigns|Campaigns Team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation is excited to announce that it seeks a '''Campaigns Ambassador''' with experience working in the French, Arabic or Swahili Wikipedia communities in Africa. The campaign ambassador will support our product and programs team in providing support and advising to campaign organizers and improve the campaign organizing journey. The Campaigns Ambassador will be supporting the rollout of tools and features to support campaign organizers, in the communities we are building for. Kindly confirm further details and requirements about the role in the [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ddp1mWyzZXtPppQl9ovzjgxBBClmL4EGFc7_58kN1is/edit '''attached job description''']. All interested applicants should submit a copy of their curriculum vitae (CV) and cover letter via email to '''fnartey@Wikimedia.org''' and copy '''ifried@wikimedia.org''' by 28th November 2021. If you have any further questions about the role kindly contact '''jjonsson@wikimedia.org'''. Thank you. Best, <br> Imelda ==Voting closes soon on the revised Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct== : ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement/Voting_3|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]'' : [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement/Voting_3|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FRevised+enforcement+guidelines%2FAnnouncement%2FVoting+3&language=&action=page&filter= Please help translate to your language] : Hello all, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting|Voting]] closes on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|revised Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] at '''23.59 UTC''' today, '''January 31, 2023'''. Please visit the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|voter information page on Meta-wiki]] for voter eligibility information and details on how to vote. More information on the Enforcement Guidelines and the voting process is available in this [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement/Voting_1|previous message]]. On behalf of the UCoC Project Team, '''[[Mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zuz (WMF)|majadiliano]])''' 10:14, 31 Januari 2023 (UTC) 64k8o8lucz1k983ntk2h1h6j5ina4nr Wikipedia ya Kiswahili 0 20634 1544135 1541635 2026-05-16T07:44:53Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Maendeleo */ 1544135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Website | jina = [[Picha:Wikipedia-favicon.png|16px|Favicon of Wikipedia]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili | screenshot = | logo = [[Picha:Wikipedia-logo-v2-sw.svg|140px]] | maelezo ya picha = Logo ya Wikipedia ya Kiswahili | kisara = http://sw.wikipedia.org/ | kibiashara = Hapana | mahala = [[Miami, Florida]] | aina = [[Kamusi elezo|Mradi wa Kamusi Elezo ya Interneti]] | lugha = [[Kiswahili]] | watumiaji = {{NUMBEROFUSERS}} watumiaji, {{NUMBEROFADMINS}} wakabidhi tarehe {{Date}} | kujisajiri = Hiari | mmiliki = [[Wikimedia Foundation]] | mwanzo = {{start date and age|df=yes|2003|3|8}} }} '''Wikipedia ya Kiswahili''' (au '''Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili''') ni toleo la [[kamusi elezo]] ya [[Wikipedia]] kwa [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswahili]]. Ilianzishwa [[tarehe]] [[8 Machi]] [[2003]], na tarehe [[{{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}]], [[{{CURRENTYEAR}}]], imefikia makala zipatazo '''{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''', [[idadi]] inayoifanya iwe Wikipedia ya 72 (kati ya 345 zilizo hai) kwa [[hesabu]] ya makala zote. Mwaka [[2019]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili iliangaliwa mara 65,856 kwa siku, [[mwaka]] [[2020]] mara 73,056 na mwaka 2021 (Januari-Oktoba) 83,595 ambayo inakaribia kuwa sawa na mara 3,500 kwa [[saa]]. Mwaka huo kurasa zilizotazamwa zilikuwa 70,419,110, sawa na 192,929 kwa siku na 8,038 kwa saa. Idadi hiyo imezidi kuongezeka kwa kuwa kwenye mwezi Mei 2022 kurasa zetu zilifunguliwa mara 240,641 kwa siku na mnamo Juni 2024 mara 275,415 kwa siku. Karibu [[nusu]] ya wasomaji wetu wako [[Tanzania]], ingawa [[asilimia]] hucheza [[Mwezi (wakati)|mwezi]] kwa mwezi. Kwa mfano, mnamo Juni 2022 kurasa zetu zilifunguliwa kutoka Tanzania 40%, [[Kenya]] 17%, [[Marekani]] 13%, [[Uhindi]] 5%, [[Urusi]] na [[Nigeria]] 4%, nchi zote nyingine 17%. Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilikuwa inafunguliwa na 0,01% ya wanaofungua Wikipedia duniani kote mwezi Septemba 2018, ikiwa katika nafasi ya 65 kati ya lugha zote. Takwimu husika zinacheza kirahisi kama, kwa mfano, kutokana na habari zinazotangazwa na [[vyombo vya habari]], watu wengi wanatafuta habari zaidi kwenye [[intaneti]], maana Waswahili walioko Marekani si wengi sana, lakini wana urahisi wa kutumia intaneti, hivyo wanaweza wakawazidi watumiaji wa Tanzania ambako watu wengi bado hawana njia ya kutumia mtandao. Mwezi huohuo, waliofungua Wikipedia nchini Kenya walikuwa 0,10% za wasomaji wote duniani; kumbe nchini Tanzania waliofungua Wikipedia walikuwa 0,04% tu za wasomaji wote duniani. Mnamo Januari mwaka [[2021]] kati ya waliofungua [[Wikipedia]] nchini [[Tanzania]], 14% waliifungua kwa Kiswahili. Kumbe nchini Kenya waliofungua Wikipedia ya Kiswahili walikuwa 4% tu, lakini kuna ongezeko kubwa, kwa sababu mnamo Septemba 2018, waliofungua Wikipedia nchini Kenya walikuwa 0,08% za wasomaji wote duniani; kati yao waliofungua Wikipedia ya Kiswahili walikuwa 1.7%. Kumbe nchini Tanzania waliofungua Wikipedia walikuwa 0,03% za wasomaji wote duniani, lakini kati yao 11.2% waliifungua kwa Kiswahili, asilimia inayozidi kukua kadiri makala zinavyoongezeka na kuwa bora zaidi. == Maendeleo == [[Picha:Mwanzo 1.JPG|thumb|250px|Ukurasa wa "Mwanzo" ulivyokuwa mwaka 2004.]] Mnamo [[Julai]] [[2006]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilifikisha makala 1,000 na tarehe [[14 Septemba]] mwaka huohuo ilifikia makala ya 2,000. Mnamo Julai [[2007]] ilifikisha makala 5,000 na tarehe [[26 Septemba]] 2007, 6,000. Tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[2008]], Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilifikisha makala 7,000 na tarehe [[19 Desemba]] 2008 ilifikisha makala 8,000, hasa baada ya kuanzishwa makala nyingi za mbegu za [[kata]] za [[Tanzania]]. Makala za mbegu za kata za Tanzania ziliendelea kuisukuma Wikipedia ya Kiswahili hadi kufikia kiwango cha makala 9,000 tarehe [[2 Februari]] [[2009]] na makala 10,000 tarehe [[21 Februari]] 2009. Ilipofika tarehe [[9 Aprili]] 2009, Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilifikia kiwango cha makala 11,000 na tarehe [[25 Aprili]] 2009 ilifikia makala 12,000. Mnamo tarehe [[20 Juni]] [[2009]], Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilibadilisha ukurasa wake wa mwanzo katika sura mpya. Mnamo tarehe [[17 Agosti]] 2009 ilifikia makala zipatazo 13,000, na kuendelea kuifanya iwe Wikipedia ya kwanza kwa ukubwa katika Afrika. Haikushia hapo: tarehe [[11 Septemba]] 2009, Wikipedia hii ilifikia makala 14,000 na tarehe [[25 Desemba]] 2009 makala 15,000. [[Picha:Wikipedia 20000 articles.png|80px|right]] Tarehe [[31 Mei]] [[2010]] ilifikia makala 18,000 na tarehe [[21 Agosti]] mwaka huohuo makala 20,000. Tarehe [[28 Oktoba]] [[2011]] ilifikia makala 22,000. Tarehe [[15 Februari]] [[2014]] ilifikia makala 26,000 na tarehe [[28 Oktoba]] mwaka huohuo makala 27,000. Tarehe [[25 Januari]] [[2015]] ilivuka idadi ya makala 28,000, tarehe [[13 Juni]] 2015 ilifikia makala 29,000, tarehe [[22 Septemba]] mwaka huohuo ilifikia makala 30,000 na kuendelea tena. Upande wa maharirio, tarehe [[10 Oktoba]] 2015 yalifikia idadi ya [[milioni]] 1. Tarehe [[10 Novemba]] mwaka huohuo ilivuka makala 31,000 na kupiku [[Wikipedia ya Kiyoruba]]. Tarehe [[13 Februari]] [[2016]] ilivuka idadi ya makala 32,000 na kusonga mbele kiasi cha kufikia 33,000 tarehe [[18 Aprili]] 2016, halafu 34,000 tarehe [[20 Agosti]] 2016 kwa makala [[Kinung]]. Makala juu ya [[James Tate (mwandishi)|James Tate]] iliifanya itimize idadi ya 35,000 tarehe [[12 Januari]] [[2017]]. Mwaka huohuo, tarehe [[20 Mei]] 2017 idadi ya makala ilifikia 36,000, tarehe [[30 Julai]] ilifikia 37,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Ziwa Ambussel]], tarehe [[12 Oktoba]] 38,000 kwa makala juu ya [[mto Jubba]] na tarehe [[24 Desemba]] ilifikia 39,000. Tarehe [[17 Machi]] [[2018]] mradi wa [[milima]] ulileta makala ya 40,000: [[Nidze]]. Mradi wa [[mito ya Tanzania]] ulisukuma Wikipedia hii kufikia idadi ya makala 41,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mto Ligunga]] tarehe [[2 Mei]] 2018 na 42,000 kwa ukurasa wa [[mto Jigulu]] tarehe [[21 Mei]]. Mradi wa [[mito ya Kenya]] ulifikisha idadi ya makala kuwa 43,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mto Kaptarit]] tarehe [[7 Julai]] 2018, kuwa 44,000 tarehe [[30 Julai]] kwa ukurasa juu ya [[mto Nyairoko]], kuwa 45,000 tarehe [[12 Agosti]] kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mto Ilangi]], kuwa 46,000 tarehe [[15 Oktoba]] kwa ukurasa juu ya [[mto Wakavi]], tena kuwa 47,000 tarehe [[8 Novemba]] kwa ukurasa juu ya [[mto Olkimatare]]. Tarehe [[7 Februari]] [[2019]] mradi wa [[Orodha ya visiwa vya Tanzania|visiwa vya Tanzania]] ulivusha Wikipedia yetu katika elfu ya 48 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[kisiwa cha Musira]]. Tarehe [[23 Machi]] 2019 mradi wa [[Orodha ya mito ya Uganda|Mito ya Uganda]] ulivusha Wikipedia yetu katika elfu ya 49 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[mto Wangodugu]], tarehe [[3 Mei]] 2019 uliifikisha katika idadi ya 50,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[mto Ocere]], tarehe [[31 Mei]] uliivusha tena katika elfu ya 51 kwa makala juu ya [[mto Osia]] na tarehe 16 Julai uliifikisha idadi ya 52,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Mto Rwoho]]. Tarehe [[10 Agosti]] 2019 mradi kuhusu ugatuzi nchini [[Cote d'Ivoire]] ulizaa makala ya 53,000 kuhusu [[Tarafa ya Tiémélékro]]. Tunawashukuru wachangiaji wetu kutoka nchi hiyo ya [[Afrika Magharibi]]. Tarehe [[4 Oktoba]] 2019 mradi kuhusu [[watakatifu]] wa [[Afrika]] ulifikisha makala za Wikipedia hii katika idadi ya 54,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[wafiadini]] [[Suksesi na wenzake 17]], na tarehe [[13 Desemba]] 2019 [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika|mradi huohuo]] ulifikisha idadi ya makala hadi 55,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Yusto askofu]]. Tarehe [[10 Machi]] [[2020]] mradi wa [[Makabila ya Uganda]] ulifikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 56,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Wakumam]]. Tarehe [[17 Machi]] 2020 mradi wa [[wachezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] ulifikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 57,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Gilmar Rinaldi]]. Kurasa elfu kwa juma moja tu! Tarehe [[3 Aprili]] 2020 mradi wa [[mito]] ya [[Burundi]] ulifikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 58,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mto Gihororo (Karuzi)]]. Tarehe [[22 Mei]] 2020 mradi wa [[miji]] ya [[Rwanda]] ulifikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 59,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mukarange]]. Tarehe [[20 Agosti]] 2020 mradi wa [[mito]] ya [[Burundi]] ulifikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 60,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Mto Rubirizi (Muramvya)]]. Tarehe [[8 Novemba]] 2020 Wikipedia yetu ilitimiza tena idadi hiyo (baada ya makala 907 kufutwa na steward fulani kwa mkupuo mmoja). Ukurasa husika ni juu ya [[mtakatifu]] [[Andrea Avellino]]. Tarehe [[15 Machi]] [[2021]] tulifikia makala 61,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[mtakatifu]] [[Agrikola wa Chalon]]. Tarehe [[7 Mei]] 2021 mradi wa [[miji]] ya [[Italia]] ulifikisha Wikipedia yetu kwenye makala ya 62,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[San Giovanni Rotondo]]. Tarehe [[8 Juni]] 2021 mradi wa Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha kuhusu viwanja vya michezo ulifikisha Wikipedia yetu hadi kutunga makala ya 63,000 na kusonga mbele haraka. Tarehe [[19 Juni]] 2021 Wikipedia hii ilivuka makala ya 64,000 kutokana na tendo la kurudisha makala 907 lililofanywa na steward aliyekuwa amezifuta kwa mkupuo mmoja mwaka 2020. Tarehe [[5 Julai]] 2021 ilifikia idadi ya 65,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Mwea]] katika mradi wa [[kata]] za [[Kenya]] na tarehe [[14 Agosti]] 2021 ilifikia idadi ya 66,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Makutano]] katika mradi huohuo. Tarehe [[9 Septemba]] 2021 ilifikia idadi ya 67,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Nairagie Ngare]] katika mradi wa vijiji vya Kenya. Tarehe [[29 Oktoba]] 2021 ilifikia idadi ya 68,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Chambishi]] katika mradi wa miji ya [[Zambia]]. Tarehe [[11 Januari]] [[2022]] Wikipedia hii ilifikia idadi ya 69,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Maroua]] katika mradi wa miji ya [[Kamerun]], tarehe [[10 Machi]] 2022 ilifikia idadi ya 70,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Ilesa]] katika mradi wa miji ya [[Nigeria]], tarehe [[23 Aprili]] 2022 ilifikia idadi ya 71,000 kwa makala nyingi za mradi wa [[Jamii:Arusha Editathon Muziki|Arusha Editathon Muziki]]. Kazi kubwa ni kuziweka sawa. Tarehe [[14 Mei]] 2022 ilifikia idadi ya 72,000, tarehe [[6 Juni]] 2022 ilifikia idadi ya 73,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Frenda]], mji wa [[Algeria]], tarehe [[15 Julai]] 2022 idadi ya 74,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Ghuba ya Venezuela]], tarehe [[17 Septemba]] 2022 idadi ya 75,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Kouandé]], [[mji]] wa [[Benin]] na tarehe [[23 Desemba]] 2022 idadi ya 76,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Bouhjar]], [[mji]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Tarehe [[25 Machi]] [[2023]] Wikipedia hii ilifikia idadi ya 77,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Chomutov]], [[mji]] wa [[Ucheki]], tarehe [[15 Juni]] [[2023]] idadi ya 78,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Jamil Adam]] katika mradi wa [[Mchezaji|wachezaji]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]], na tarehe [[9 Desemba]] 2023 idadi ya 79,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Chemchem (Unguja)]] katika mradi wa kata mpya za Tanzania. Mwaka [[2024]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imesonga mbele kwa kasi zaidi: tarehe [[21 Aprili]] imekuwa na makala ya 80,000 kuhusu [[mwandamizi]], tarehe [[11 Juni]] imekuwa na makala ya 81,000 kuhusu [[Kufukuzwa kwa Wamoroko kutoka Algeria]], tarehe [[10 Julai]] makala ya 82,000 kuhusu [[pipa]], tarehe [[19 Septemba]] makala ya 83,000 kuhusu [[Riadha|mwanariadha]] [[Jacques Riparelli]], tarehe [[8 Oktoba]] makala ya 84,000 kuhusu mwanariadha [[Jürgen Kühl]], tarehe [[20 Oktoba]] makala ya 85,000 kuhusu [[mtakatifu]] [[Leoniani wa Vienne]], tarehe [[7 Novemba]] makala ya 86,000 kuhusu mwanariadha [[Juma Ndiwa]], tarehe [[22 Novemba]] makala ya 87,000 kuhusu [[Mpira wa miguu|mwanakandanda]] [[Nicholas Lindsay]], tarehe [[1 Desemba]] makala ya 88,000 kuhusu mwanakandanda wa kike [[Stephanie Bukovec]], tarehe 9 Desemba makala ya 89,000 kuhusu jimbo la [[Norwei]] [[Vestland]] na tarehe 11 Desemba makala ya 90,000 kuhusu mchezaji [[Jason Hartill]].‎ Mwaka [[2025]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imezidi tena kukua kwa kasi: tarehe [[6 Januari]] imekuwa na makala ya 91,000 kuhusu mwanasiasa [[Saka Isau]], tarehe [[13 Januari]] imekuwa na makala ya 92,000 kuhusu [[mwanamuziki]] [[Terry Tufts]], tarehe 22 Januari imefikia makala ya 93,000 inayomhusu mchezaji [[Grant Needham]], tarehe [[31 Januari]] imekuwa na makala ya 94,000 kuhusu [[askofu]] [[Joseph Mukasa Zuza]], tarehe [[6 Februari]] imekuwa na makala ya 95,000 juu ya [[Uwanja wa Michezo wa Perth Rectangular]], tarehe [[18 Februari]] imefikia makala ya 96,000 kuhusu mwimbaji [[Janie Fricke]], tarehe [[25 Februari]] imefikia makala ya 97,000 kwa ukurasa kuhusu [[kardinali]] [[Giulio Bevilacqua]], tarehe [[9 Machi]] imefikia makala ya 98,000 kwa ukurasa kuhusu mwimbaji [[Kirsten Price]] na tarehe [[4 Juni]] imefikia makala ya 99,000 kwa ukurasa kuhusu [[wilaya ya Luanshya]] nchini [[Zambia]] na hatimaye tarehe [[23 Juni]] makala ya 100,000 kwa makala juu ya [[Barclayville]].‎ Ni Wikipedia ya Afrika ya nne kukamilisha makala laki moja, siku chache baada ya ile ya Malagasy. Kwa kasi hiyohiyo Wikipedia yetu imepiku mapema toleo hilo la [[Madagaska]] na tarehe 23 Agosti kuwahi nakala ya 101,000 kuhusu [[Dada wa Cooney]]. Tarehe 8 Oktoba imetungwa makala ya 102,000 kuhusu [[Irene Charnley]] na tarehe 8 Desemba makala ya 103,000 kuhusu [[Carlentini]], mji wa [[Sisilia|Sicilia]], [[Italia visiwani]]. Mwaka [[2026]] Wikipedia ya Kiswahili imefikia kwanza makala ya 104,000 tarehe [[10 Januari]] kuhusu [[filamu]] [[Miss Fatimah]], halafu makala ya 105,000 tarehe [[31 Januari]] kuhusu [[Eliane Rosa Naika]], [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Madagaska]], makala ya 106,000 tarehe [[11 Februari]] kuhusu [[Musa Tukur Yakasai]], profesa wa [[Nigeria]], makala ya 107,000 tarehe [[23 Februari]] kuhusu [[Chang Ming-che]], [[mwanataaluma]] wa [[Taiwan]], na makala ya 108,000 tarehe [[18 Machi]] kuhusu [[Wahindi wa Tanzania]]. Tarehe 9 Aprili 2026 limefanyika haririo la 1,500,000 tangu Wikipedia ya Kiswahili kuanzishwa; siku hiyohiyo imepata makala ya 109,000 kuhusu [[Cyprien Mbonimpa]], [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Burundi]]. Halafu tarehe 16 Aprili 2026 imefikia idadi ya makala 110,000 kwa ukurasa juu ya [[Linda Moss]], mwanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini, tarehe 21 Aprili 2026 imewahi kupata makala ya 111,000 kuhusu Janet Nwadiogo Mokelu, mwanasiasa mwingine wa nchi hiyohiyo, na tarehe 28 Aprili 2026 imepata makala ya 112,000 inayohusu [[Silverio Izaguirre]], [[Mpira wa miguu|mwanasoka]] wa [[Hispania]]. Tarehe 7 Mei 2026 Wikipedia ya Kiswahili ilifikisha makala 113,000 inayohusu [[Jan Eliasberg]] mwongozaji na mwandishi wa filamu, maonyesho ya jukwaa, na televisheni kutoka nchini Marekani. Kisha, tarehe 10 Mei 2026, ilifikisha makala 114,000 kwa kupitia makala ya [[Hellen Linkswiler]] (5 Januari 1912 – 24 Juni 1984), mtaalamu wa lishe na mwanasayansi wa lishe kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyefanya utafiti kuhusu mahitaji ya madini katika mwili wa binadamu na asidi amino. Mapema tarehe 13 Mei 2026 makala ya 115,000 ilitungwa kuhusu [[Nadia Ginetti]], mwanasiasa wa Italia, na tarehe 16 Mei 2026 makala juu ya [[John Brodie (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]] imefanya idadi ifikie 116,000. ==Kati ya Wikipedia za Afrika== Kwa lugha zenye asili ya Afrika na [[visiwa]] vya jirani, Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili ndiyo ya tatu kwa idadi ya makala zote (na ya zile zisizo fupi mno) ikifuatia Wikipedia ya [[Kiarabu cha Misri]] na ile ya [[Kiafrikaans]]. Pia ilikuwa ya kwanza kati ya Wikipedia za [[lugha za Niger-Kongo]] kuvuka kiwango cha makala 1,000. Sasa zimeongezeka, lakini ya Kiswahili bado inaongoza na ni ya kwanza kufikia makala 100,000. Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili ilikuwa ya pili katika Afrika nzima kuvuka kiasi cha makala 10,000 baada ya [[Wikipedia ya Kiafrikaans]]. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060901052536/http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/08/27/business/wiki.php ''Building Wikipedia in African languages''], by Noam Cohen, [[:en:International Herald Tribune|International Herald Tribune]], [[27 Agosti]] [[2006]].</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Wikipedia ya Kiafrikaans]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiarabu]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kibulgaria]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kicheki]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kichina]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kidenmark]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiebrania]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiesperanto]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiestonia]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kifaransa]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kifini]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kihaiti]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kihispania]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiholanzi]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kihungaria]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiindonesia]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiitalia]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kijapani]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kijerumani]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiingereza]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiingereza Rahisi]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kikatala]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kikorea]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kikroatia]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kilingala]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kilithuania]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kinorwei]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kipoland]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kireno]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiromania]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kirusi]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiserbia]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kislovakia]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kislovene]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiswidi]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kituruki]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiukraini]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiwolofu]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kiyoruba]] * [[Wikipedia ya Kizulu]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [[mwanzo|Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili]] {{Mawikipedia}} {{Wikipedia za Kiafrika}} [[Jamii:Kiswahili]] [[Jamii:Wikipedia kwa lugha tofauti]] ptnmrqhdrhfdlymj1pahlthvhln6u3x Invincible (albamu ya Michael Jackson) 0 25263 1543978 1514693 2026-05-15T22:21:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox album | Jina = Invincible | Type = studio | Msanii = [[Michael Jackson]] | Cover = Mjinvincible.jpg | Imetolewa = [[30 Oktoba]] [[2001]] | Imerekodiwa = Oktoba 1997 – Juni 2001 | Aina = [[Contemporary R&B]], [[muziki wa pop|pop]]/[[muziki wa rock|rock]], [[dance-pop]], [[Adult contemporary music|adult contemporary]], [[Urban contemporary|urban]]<ref name=Invincible>{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/invincible-r553140 |title=Invincible |accessdate=2009-04-27 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> | Urefu = 77:08 | Studio = [[Epic Records]]<br /><small>EK-69400</small> | Mtayarishaji = [[Michael Jackson]], [[Rodney Jerkins]], [[Teddy Riley]], [[Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds]], [[R. Kelly]], [[Dr. Freeze]] | Review = * [[Allmusic]] {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A0dq5g4hptv8z link] * [[Entertainment.ie]] {{Rating|3|5}} [http://entertainment.ie/album-review/Michael-Jackson---Invincible/1703.htm link] * ''[[The Guardian]]'' {{Rating|2|5}} [http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2001/oct/26/shopping.popandrock link] * ''[[The New York Times]]'' [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9407EFD71731F93BA15753C1A9679C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2 link] * ''[[NME]]'' {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.nme.com/reviews/michael-jackson/5780 link] * ''[[Q (magazine)|Q]]'' {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.q4music.com/nav?page=q4music.review.redirect&fixture_review=139361&resource=139361&fixture_artist=141283 link] * [[Robert Christgau]] (A-) [http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?id=932&name=Michael+Jackson link] * ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/michaeljackson/albums/album/301517/review/5945685/invincible link] * ''[[Yale Daily News]]'' (positive) [http://www.yaledailynews.com/articles/view/2238 link] | Albamu iliyopita = ''[[HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I|HIStory]]''<br />(1995) | Albamu ya sasa = '''''Invincible'''''<br />(2001) | Albamu ijayo = | Misc = {{Singles | Jina = Invincible | Type = studio | Single 1 = [[You Rock My World]] | single 1 tarehe = 11 Oktoba 2001 | Single 2 = [[Cry (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Cry]] | single 2 tarehe = 3 Desemba 2001 | Single 3 = [[Butterflies (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Butterflies]] | single 3 tarehe = 8 Novemba 2001 (promo) }} }} '''''Invincible''''' ni albamu ya kumi ya [[mwimbaji]], [[mwanamuziki]], [[mtayarishaji wa rekodi]], mfanyabishara, na mhisani wa [[Marekani]], [[Michael Jackson]]. Albamu ilitolewa na studio ya [[Epic Records]] mnamo tar. 30 Oktoba 2001, miaka sita tangu kutolewa kwa albamu yake ya 1995 yenye matoleo mawili kwa pamoja, ''[[HIStory]]''. Albamu hii imeingiza nyimbo mpya tu tangu kutolewa kwa albamu ya ''[[Dangerous (albamu)|Dangerous]]'' mnamo mwaka wa 1991. Kasha la aalbamu, lina picha ya sura ya Jackson, inapatika katika rangi tano tofauti - nyekundu, kijani, chungwa, buluu na fedha. Hadi leo, albamu imekadiriwa kuuza kati ya nakala milioni 8 - 12 kwa hesabu ya dunia nzima. == Matayarisho == Albamu imekuwa ya kwanza kutoa nyimbo zoote mpya tangu kutolewa kwa albamu ya ''[[Dangerous (albamu)|Dangerous]]'' ya mwaka wa 1991.<ref>{{cite web|author=Hiatt, Brian|title=Michael Jackson Nearing Completion Of New LP|publisher=[[MTV]]|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1435389/20001221/jackson_michael.jhtml|date=21 Desemba 2000|accessdate=2009-06-22|archive-date=2010-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619081342/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1435389/20001221/jackson_michael.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> Katika upande wa utayarishaji ulishikiriwa na wasanii kadhaa kama vile [[Rodney Jerkins]], [[R. Kelly]] na mwanachama wa zamani wa kundi la muziki wa R&B la [[Jodeci]], [[DeVante Swing]]. Mtayarishaji wa [[hip hop]] [[Dr. Dre]] naye aliombwa atayarishe albamu, lakini alikataa.<ref>{{cite web|author=Moss, Corey|title=Dre Passes On Michael Jackson Project|publisher=[[MTV]]|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1437845/20010110/dr_dre.jhtml|date=10 Januari 2001|accessdate=2009-06-22|archive-date=2009-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628082909/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1437845/20010110/dr_dre.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Orodha ya nyimbo == {{tracklist | headline = Invincible | total_length = 77:08 | writing_credits = yes | title1 = Unbreakable | note1 = Akimshirikisha [[The Notorious B.I.G.]]; sauti za nyuma zimefanywa na [[Brandy Norwood]] | writer1 = Jackson, Daniels, Jerkis, Payne, Smith, Wallace | length1 = 6:26 | title2 = Heartbreaker | note2 = | writer2 = Jackson, Jerkins, Jerkins III, Daniels, Mischke, Gregg | length2 = 5:09 | title3 = Invincible | note3 = | writer3 = Jackson, Daniels, Gregg, Jerkins, Jerkins | length3 = 4:46 | title4 = Break of Dawn | note4 = | writer4 = Jackson, Dr. Freeze | length4 = 5:32 | title5 = Heaven Can Wait | note5 = | writer5 = Jackson, Riley, Heard, Smith, Beal, Laues, Quiller | length5 = 4:49 | title6 = [[You Rock My World]] | note6 = Introductory skit featuring [[Chris Tucker]] | writer6 = Jackson, Daniels, Jerkins, Jerkins, Payne | length6 = 5:39 | title7 = [[Butterflies (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Butterflies]] | note7 = Akimshirikisha [[Marsha Ambrosius]] | writer7 = Harris, Ambrosius | length7 = 4:40 | title8 = Speechless | note8 = | writer8 = Jackson | length8 = 3:18 | title9 = 2000 Watts | note9 = | writer9 = Jackson, Riley, Gibson, Henson | length9 = 4:24 | title10 = You Are My Life | note10 = | writer10 = Jackson, [[Babyface]], Sager, McClain | length10 = 4:33 | title11 = Privacy | note11 = | writer11 = Jackson, Belle, Daniels, Jerkins, Jerkins | length11 = 5:05 | title12 = Don't Walk Away | note12 = | writer12 = Jackson, Riley, Stites, Vertelney | length12 = 4:24 | title13 = [[Cry (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Cry]] | note13 = Cry pia uliitwa (We Can Change The World) | writer13 = [[R. Kelly]] | length13 = 5:00 | title14 = The Lost Children | note14 = | writer14 = Jackson | length14 = 4:00 | title15 = Whatever Happens | note15 = Gitaa na [[Carlos Santana]] | writer15 = Jackson, Riley, Quay, Williams | length15 = 4:56 | title16 = Threatened | note16 = contains snippets from [[Rod Serling]] | writer16 = Jackson, Jerkins, Jerkins III, Daniels | length16 = 4:18 }} == Chati zake == {| class="wikitable" !align="left"|Chati (2001/2002) !align="center"|Nafasi<br />iliyoshika !align="center"|Matunukio !align="center"|Mauzo/Upelekaji wa nchi za nje |- |align="left"|Australian Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a australian-charts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|2x Platinum <ref>[http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations-albums-2001.htm ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2001 Albums<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|140,000 |- |align="left"|Austrian Albums Chart |align="center"|2<ref>[http://austriancharts.at/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a Michael Jackson - Invincible - austriancharts.at<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.at/u_frame.php3?seite=search.php3&a_id=9 |title=IFPI Austria - Verband der Österreichischen Musikwirtschaft<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706092842/http://www.ifpi.at/u_frame.php3?seite=search.php3&a_id=9 |archivedate=2011-07-06 }}</ref> |align="center"|20,000 |- |align="left"|Canadian Top 50 |align="center"|3 |align="center"|Uncertified <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.cria.ca/cert_db_search.php |title=<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2016-01-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111074458/http://www.cria.ca/cert_db_search.php }}</ref> |align="center"|<50,000 |- |align="left"|Danish Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://danishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a |title=danishcharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2009-06-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090630003627/http://danishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a }}</ref> |align="center"|Gold |align="center"|25,000 |- |align="left"|Dutch Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a dutchcharts.nl - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://ifpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461#resultaat |title=NVPI, de branchevereniging van de entertainmentindustrie - Goud/Platina<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2011-10-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008002332/http://ifpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461#resultaat }}</ref> |align="center"|80,000 |- |align="left"|Finnish Albums Chart |align="center"|7<ref>[http://finnishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a finnishcharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://ifpi.fi/tilastot/kplista.html?action=etuk&kirjain=M |title=IFPI<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220060403/http://www.ifpi.fi/tilastot/kplista.html?action=etuk&kirjain=M |archivedate=2008-12-20 }}</ref> |align="center"|16,621 |- |align="left"|French Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a lescharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|2x Platinum |align="center"|575,000<ref>http://fanofmusic.free.fr/ParcoursAlbum-M.php "France Sales"</ref> |- |align="left"|German Albums Chart |align="center"|1 |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.de/wirtschaft/gpergebnis.php?txtSuche=invincible&strAktion=suche |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930180553/http://www.ifpi.de/wirtschaft/gpergebnis.php?txtSuche=invincible&strAktion=suche |archivedate=2007-09-30 }}</ref> |align="center"|300,000 |- |align="left"|Japanese Albums Chart |align="center"|5 |align="center"|Platinum |align="center"|200,000<ref>[http://www.sonymusic.co.jp/Music/International/Arch/ES/MichaelJackson/m_info.html Sony Music Online Japan: ƒ}ƒCƒPƒ‹ EƒWƒƒƒNƒ\ƒ“ : ƒCƒ“ƒtƒHƒ [ƒVƒ‡ƒ“<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |- |align="left"|Norwegian Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a norwegiancharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://ifpi.no/sok/index_trofe.htm |title=IFPI Norsk platebransje<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2011-05-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510083043/http://www.ifpi.no/sok/index_trofe.htm }}</ref> |align="center"|50,000 |- |align="left"|Portuguese Albums Chart |align="center"|8<ref>[http://portuguesecharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a portuguesecharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.artistas-espectaculos.com/topafp.php |title=Artistas & Espectáculos 2008 . Top Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210083539/http://www.artistas-espectaculos.com/topafp.php |archivedate=2008-12-10 }}</ref> |align="center"|20,000 |- |align="left"|Swedish Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref name=autogenerated1>http://www.hitlistan.se/ "Week 45, 2001"</ref> |align="center"|Gold |align="center"|40,000 |- |align="left"|Turkish Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref name=autogenerated1 /> |align="center"|Platinum |align="center"|120,000 |- |align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' 200 |align="center"|1 |align="center"|2x Platinum<ref>[http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH RIAA<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|9,100,000<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://money.cnn.com/2003/11/20/news/companies/michael_jackson/ |title=Michael Jackson may incur financial problems - 21 Novemba 2003<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archive-date=2009-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725064703/http://money.cnn.com/2003/11/20/news/companies/michael_jackson/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2005-06-13-jackson-finances_x.htm USATODAY.com - Jackson's freedom isn't free<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/14/national/14react.html Michael Jackson Faces Daunting Road Back to Pop Glory - New York Times<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |- |align="left"|[[UK Albums Chart]] |align="center"|1 |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinum.html |title=Platinum<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2008-04-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409172614/http://bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinum.html }}</ref> |align="center"|350,000 |} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Vyanzo zaidi == * [[Nelson George|George, Nelson]] (2004). ''[[Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection]]'' booklet. [[Sony BMG]]. * {{cite book |last=Taraborrelli |first=J. Randy |authorlink=J. Randy Taraborrelli |title=The Magic and the Madness |url=https://archive.org/details/michaeljacksonma0000tara_n7h9 |year=2004 |publisher=Headline |location=Terra Alta, WV |isbn=0-330-42005-4 }} {{Michael Jackson}} [[Jamii:Albamu za 2001]] [[Jamii:Albamu zilizotayarishwa na Darkchild]] [[Jamii:Albamu zilizotayarishwa na R. Kelly]] [[Jamii:Albamu zilizotayarishwa na Teddy Riley]] [[Jamii:Albamu za Michael Jackson]] g8ptkjn1xqd1ff5tts5mhywv52smmm6 1544199 1543978 2026-05-16T08:18:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544199 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox album | Jina = Invincible | Type = studio | Msanii = [[Michael Jackson]] | Cover = Mjinvincible.jpg | Imetolewa = [[30 Oktoba]] [[2001]] | Imerekodiwa = Oktoba 1997 – Juni 2001 | Aina = [[Contemporary R&B]], [[muziki wa pop|pop]]/[[muziki wa rock|rock]], [[dance-pop]], [[Adult contemporary music|adult contemporary]], [[Urban contemporary|urban]]<ref name=Invincible>{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/invincible-r553140 |title=Invincible |accessdate=2009-04-27 |publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> | Urefu = 77:08 | Studio = [[Epic Records]]<br /><small>EK-69400</small> | Mtayarishaji = [[Michael Jackson]], [[Rodney Jerkins]], [[Teddy Riley]], [[Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds]], [[R. Kelly]], [[Dr. Freeze]] | Review = * [[Allmusic]] {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A0dq5g4hptv8z link] * [[Entertainment.ie]] {{Rating|3|5}} [http://entertainment.ie/album-review/Michael-Jackson---Invincible/1703.htm link] * ''[[The Guardian]]'' {{Rating|2|5}} [http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2001/oct/26/shopping.popandrock link] * ''[[The New York Times]]'' [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9407EFD71731F93BA15753C1A9679C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2 link] * ''[[NME]]'' {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.nme.com/reviews/michael-jackson/5780 link] * ''[[Q (magazine)|Q]]'' {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.q4music.com/nav?page=q4music.review.redirect&fixture_review=139361&resource=139361&fixture_artist=141283 link] * [[Robert Christgau]] (A-) [http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?id=932&name=Michael+Jackson link] * ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' {{Rating|3|5}} [http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/michaeljackson/albums/album/301517/review/5945685/invincible link] * ''[[Yale Daily News]]'' (positive) [http://www.yaledailynews.com/articles/view/2238 link] | Albamu iliyopita = ''[[HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I|HIStory]]''<br />(1995) | Albamu ya sasa = '''''Invincible'''''<br />(2001) | Albamu ijayo = | Misc = {{Singles | Jina = Invincible | Type = studio | Single 1 = [[You Rock My World]] | single 1 tarehe = 11 Oktoba 2001 | Single 2 = [[Cry (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Cry]] | single 2 tarehe = 3 Desemba 2001 | Single 3 = [[Butterflies (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Butterflies]] | single 3 tarehe = 8 Novemba 2001 (promo) }} }} '''''Invincible''''' ni albamu ya kumi ya [[mwimbaji]], [[mwanamuziki]], [[mtayarishaji wa rekodi]], mfanyabishara, na mhisani wa [[Marekani]], [[Michael Jackson]]. Albamu ilitolewa na studio ya [[Epic Records]] mnamo tar. 30 Oktoba 2001, miaka sita tangu kutolewa kwa albamu yake ya 1995 yenye matoleo mawili kwa pamoja, ''[[HIStory]]''. Albamu hii imeingiza nyimbo mpya tu tangu kutolewa kwa albamu ya ''[[Dangerous (albamu)|Dangerous]]'' mnamo mwaka wa 1991. Kasha la aalbamu, lina picha ya sura ya Jackson, inapatika katika rangi tano tofauti - nyekundu, kijani, chungwa, buluu na fedha. Hadi leo, albamu imekadiriwa kuuza kati ya nakala milioni 8 - 12 kwa hesabu ya dunia nzima. == Matayarisho == Albamu imekuwa ya kwanza kutoa nyimbo zoote mpya tangu kutolewa kwa albamu ya ''[[Dangerous (albamu)|Dangerous]]'' ya mwaka wa 1991.<ref>{{cite web|author=Hiatt, Brian|title=Michael Jackson Nearing Completion Of New LP|publisher=[[MTV]]|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1435389/20001221/jackson_michael.jhtml|date=21 Desemba 2000|accessdate=2009-06-22|archive-date=2010-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619081342/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1435389/20001221/jackson_michael.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> Katika upande wa utayarishaji ulishikiriwa na wasanii kadhaa kama vile [[Rodney Jerkins]], [[R. Kelly]] na mwanachama wa zamani wa kundi la muziki wa R&B la [[Jodeci]], [[DeVante Swing]]. Mtayarishaji wa [[hip hop]] [[Dr. Dre]] naye aliombwa atayarishe albamu, lakini alikataa.<ref>{{cite web|author=Moss, Corey|title=Dre Passes On Michael Jackson Project|publisher=[[MTV]]|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1437845/20010110/dr_dre.jhtml|date=10 Januari 2001|accessdate=2009-06-22|archive-date=2009-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628082909/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1437845/20010110/dr_dre.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Orodha ya nyimbo == {{tracklist | headline = Invincible | total_length = 77:08 | writing_credits = yes | title1 = Unbreakable | note1 = Akimshirikisha [[The Notorious B.I.G.]]; sauti za nyuma zimefanywa na [[Brandy Norwood]] | writer1 = Jackson, Daniels, Jerkis, Payne, Smith, Wallace | length1 = 6:26 | title2 = Heartbreaker | note2 = | writer2 = Jackson, Jerkins, Jerkins III, Daniels, Mischke, Gregg | length2 = 5:09 | title3 = Invincible | note3 = | writer3 = Jackson, Daniels, Gregg, Jerkins, Jerkins | length3 = 4:46 | title4 = Break of Dawn | note4 = | writer4 = Jackson, Dr. Freeze | length4 = 5:32 | title5 = Heaven Can Wait | note5 = | writer5 = Jackson, Riley, Heard, Smith, Beal, Laues, Quiller | length5 = 4:49 | title6 = [[You Rock My World]] | note6 = Introductory skit featuring [[Chris Tucker]] | writer6 = Jackson, Daniels, Jerkins, Jerkins, Payne | length6 = 5:39 | title7 = [[Butterflies (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Butterflies]] | note7 = Akimshirikisha [[Marsha Ambrosius]] | writer7 = Harris, Ambrosius | length7 = 4:40 | title8 = Speechless | note8 = | writer8 = Jackson | length8 = 3:18 | title9 = 2000 Watts | note9 = | writer9 = Jackson, Riley, Gibson, Henson | length9 = 4:24 | title10 = You Are My Life | note10 = | writer10 = Jackson, [[Babyface]], Sager, McClain | length10 = 4:33 | title11 = Privacy | note11 = | writer11 = Jackson, Belle, Daniels, Jerkins, Jerkins | length11 = 5:05 | title12 = Don't Walk Away | note12 = | writer12 = Jackson, Riley, Stites, Vertelney | length12 = 4:24 | title13 = [[Cry (wimbo wa Michael Jackson)|Cry]] | note13 = Cry pia uliitwa (We Can Change The World) | writer13 = [[R. Kelly]] | length13 = 5:00 | title14 = The Lost Children | note14 = | writer14 = Jackson | length14 = 4:00 | title15 = Whatever Happens | note15 = Gitaa na [[Carlos Santana]] | writer15 = Jackson, Riley, Quay, Williams | length15 = 4:56 | title16 = Threatened | note16 = contains snippets from [[Rod Serling]] | writer16 = Jackson, Jerkins, Jerkins III, Daniels | length16 = 4:18 }} == Chati zake == {| class="wikitable" !align="left"|Chati (2001/2002) !align="center"|Nafasi<br />iliyoshika !align="center"|Matunukio !align="center"|Mauzo/Upelekaji wa nchi za nje |- |align="left"|Australian Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a australian-charts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|2x Platinum <ref>[http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-accreditations-albums-2001.htm ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2001 Albums<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|140,000 |- |align="left"|Austrian Albums Chart |align="center"|2<ref>[http://austriancharts.at/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a Michael Jackson - Invincible - austriancharts.at<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.at/u_frame.php3?seite=search.php3&a_id=9 |title=IFPI Austria - Verband der Österreichischen Musikwirtschaft<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706092842/http://www.ifpi.at/u_frame.php3?seite=search.php3&a_id=9 |archivedate=2011-07-06 }}</ref> |align="center"|20,000 |- |align="left"|Canadian Top 50 |align="center"|3 |align="center"|Uncertified <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.cria.ca/cert_db_search.php |title=<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2016-01-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111074458/http://www.cria.ca/cert_db_search.php }}</ref> |align="center"|<50,000 |- |align="left"|Danish Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://danishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a |title=danishcharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2009-06-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090630003627/http://danishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a }}</ref> |align="center"|Gold |align="center"|25,000 |- |align="left"|Dutch Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a dutchcharts.nl - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://ifpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461#resultaat |title=NVPI, de branchevereniging van de entertainmentindustrie - Goud/Platina<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2011-10-08 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008002332/http://ifpi.nl/nvpi/pagina.asp?pagkey=60461#resultaat }}</ref> |align="center"|80,000 |- |align="left"|Finnish Albums Chart |align="center"|7<ref>[http://finnishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a finnishcharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://ifpi.fi/tilastot/kplista.html?action=etuk&kirjain=M |title=IFPI<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220060403/http://www.ifpi.fi/tilastot/kplista.html?action=etuk&kirjain=M |archivedate=2008-12-20 }}</ref> |align="center"|16,621 |- |align="left"|French Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a lescharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|2x Platinum |align="center"|575,000<ref>http://fanofmusic.free.fr/ParcoursAlbum-M.php "France Sales"</ref> |- |align="left"|German Albums Chart |align="center"|1 |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ifpi.de/wirtschaft/gpergebnis.php?txtSuche=invincible&strAktion=suche |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930180553/http://www.ifpi.de/wirtschaft/gpergebnis.php?txtSuche=invincible&strAktion=suche |archivedate=2007-09-30 }}</ref> |align="center"|300,000 |- |align="left"|Japanese Albums Chart |align="center"|5 |align="center"|Platinum |align="center"|200,000<ref>[http://www.sonymusic.co.jp/Music/International/Arch/ES/MichaelJackson/m_info.html Sony Music Online Japan: ƒ}ƒCƒPƒ‹ EƒWƒƒƒNƒ\ƒ“ : ƒCƒ“ƒtƒHƒ [ƒVƒ‡ƒ“<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |- |align="left"|Norwegian Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref>[http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a norwegiancharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://ifpi.no/sok/index_trofe.htm |title=IFPI Norsk platebransje<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2011-05-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510083043/http://www.ifpi.no/sok/index_trofe.htm }}</ref> |align="center"|50,000 |- |align="left"|Portuguese Albums Chart |align="center"|8<ref>[http://portuguesecharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson&titel=Invincible&cat=a portuguesecharts.com - Michael Jackson - Invincible<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|Gold<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.artistas-espectaculos.com/topafp.php |title=Artistas & Espectáculos 2008 . Top Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210083539/http://www.artistas-espectaculos.com/topafp.php |archivedate=2008-12-10 }}</ref> |align="center"|20,000 |- |align="left"|Swedish Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref name=autogenerated1>http://www.hitlistan.se/ "Week 45, 2001"</ref> |align="center"|Gold |align="center"|40,000 |- |align="left"|Turkish Albums Chart |align="center"|1<ref name=autogenerated1 /> |align="center"|Platinum |align="center"|120,000 |- |align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' 200 |align="center"|1 |align="center"|2x Platinum<ref>[http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH RIAA<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |align="center"|9,100,000<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://money.cnn.com/2003/11/20/news/companies/michael_jackson/ |title=Michael Jackson may incur financial problems - 21 Novemba 2003<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archive-date=2009-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090725064703/http://money.cnn.com/2003/11/20/news/companies/michael_jackson/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2005-06-13-jackson-finances_x.htm USATODAY.com - Jackson's freedom isn't free<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/14/national/14react.html Michael Jackson Faces Daunting Road Back to Pop Glory - New York Times<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |- |align="left"|[[UK Albums Chart]] |align="center"|1 |align="center"|Platinum<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinum.html |title=Platinum<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archivedate=2008-04-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409172614/http://bpi.co.uk/platinum/platinum.html }}</ref> |align="center"|350,000 |} == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Vyanzo zaidi == * [[Nelson George|George, Nelson]] (2004). ''[[Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection]]'' booklet. [[Sony BMG]]. * {{cite book |last=Taraborrelli |first=J. Randy |authorlink=J. Randy Taraborrelli |title=The Magic and the Madness |url=https://archive.org/details/michaeljacksonma0000tara_n7h9 |year=2004 |publisher=Headline |location=Terra Alta, WV |isbn=0-330-42005-4 }} {{Michael Jackson}} [[Jamii:Albamu za 2001]] [[Jamii:Albamu zilizotayarishwa na Darkchild]] [[Jamii:Albamu zilizotayarishwa na R. Kelly]] [[Jamii:Albamu zilizotayarishwa na Teddy Riley]] [[Jamii:Albamu za Michael Jackson]] hc59tn7hiu1yzsp066c4dugz0njbw4m Quincy Jones 0 27540 1544079 1477229 2026-05-16T04:30:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Msanii muziki 2 | Jina = Quincy Jones | Img = Quincy Jones May 2014.jpg | Img_capt = Quincy Jones mnamo 2014 | Img_size = 250 | Background = non_performing_personnel | Jina la kuzaliwa = Quincy Delight Jones, Jr. | Amezaliwa = 14 Machi 1933 | Asili yake = [[Seattle]], [[Washington]] | Aina = [[muziki wa pop|Pop]], [[funk]], [[muziki wa soul|soul]], [[Big band music|big band]], [[Swing music|swing]], [[jazz]], [[traditional pop]], [[bossa nova]] | Kazi yake = [[Mwanamuziki]], [[:en:Conductor (music)|mwelekezi]], [[mtayarishaji wa rekodi|mtayarishaji]], [[mpangaji]], [[mutunzi]], | Miaka ya kazi = 1951 - 2024 | Studio = [[Columbia Records|Columbia]], [[Mercury Records|Mercury]], [[Qwest Records|Qwest]] | Ameshirikiana na = [[Michael Jackson]], [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Dinah Washington]], [[Dean Martin]], [[Patti Austin]], [[Tevin Campbell]], [[Marvin Gaye]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Will Smith]] | Tovuti = [http://www.quincyjones.com Official Quincy Jones Website] | Amekufa=3 Novemba 2024 }} '''Quincy Delight Jones, Jr.''' ([[14 Machi]] [[1933]] - [[3 Novemba]] [[2024]]) alikuwa mwelekezi wa muziki, [[mtayarishaji wa rekodi]], [[mpangaji muziki]], [[mtunzi wa vibwagizo vya filamu]], na mpiga [[tarumbeta]] kutoka nchini [[Marekani]]. Katika kipindi cha makumi yake saba ya shughuli za kiburudani, Jones amepata kushindanishwa katika tuzo za [[Grammy Award]] mara 79,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |last=Callaway |first=Sue |url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/02/05/8399176/index.htm |title=Fortune test drives a Mercedes Maybach with Quincy Jones&nbsp;— February 5, 2007 |publisher=Money.cnn.com |date=2007-01-28 |accessdate=2009-07-18 |archive-date=2018-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627013718/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/02/05/8399176/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> kashinda 27 Grammys,<ref name="autogenerated1" /> ikiwemo na tuzo ya [[Grammy Legend Award]] mnamo 1991. Alifahamika zaidi na zaidi kwa kutayarisha albamu ya ''[[Thriller]]'', ya mwanamuziki wa [[pop]] [[Michael Jackson]], ambayo imeuza zaidi ya nakala milioni 110 dunia nzima,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/channel/mtvuk/news/16112006/jackos_back |title=Jacko's Back! &#124; MTV UK |publisher=Mtv.co.uk |date=2006-11-16 |accessdate=2009-07-18 |archivedate=2007-09-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930224530/http://www.mtv.co.uk/channel/mtvuk/news/16112006/jackos_back }}</ref> na ndiyo mtayarishaji na mwelekezi wa wimbo wa hisani wa “[[We Are the World]]”. Huyu pia anajulikana kwa kazi yake ya [[1962]] wimbo "[[Soul Bossa Nova]]", ambayo ilikuwa na asili kamili ya albamu ya ''[[Big Band Bossa Nova]]''. "Soul Bossa Nova" ulikuwa wimbo uliochaguliwa na kutumiwa kwenye Kombe la Dunia la mwaka 1998, kipindi cha Kikanada cha ''Definition'', filamu ya [[Woody Allen]] Take the Money and Run na [[Mike Myers]], ''Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery'', na pia ushawihi kusampuliwa na kikundi cha hip hop cha Kikanada [[Dream Warriors]] kwa ajili ya wimbo wao wa "My Definition of a Boombastic Jazz Style". Mnamo mwaka wa 1968, Jones na mtunzi wa nyimbo mwenzake Bw. [[Bob Russell]] wamekuwa ndiyo Waafrika-Waamerika wa kwanza kushindanishwa kwenye tuzo za [[Academy Award]] katika kundi la "Nyimbo Bora za Asilia". Mwaka huohuo, amekuwa Mwafrika-Mwamerika wa kwanza kuchaguliwa mara mbili katika kipindi cha mwaka mmoja kwa kazi yake ya kutengeneza kibwagizo cha filamu ya mwaka wa [[1967]], ''[[In Cold Blood]]''. Mnamo mwaka wa 1971 Jones angepokea taji la heshima na kuwa Mwafrika-Mwamwerika wa kwanza kupewa jina la kiongozi wa muziki/mwelekezi wa sherehe za Academy Awards. Jones pia alikuwa wa kwanza (na mpaka sasa, ni yeye pekee) Mwafrika-Mwamerika kuchaguliwa kuwa kama mtayarishaji katika kundi la Filamu Bora (mnamo 1986, kwa ajili ya ''[[The Color Purple]]''). ==Wasifu== ===Maisha ya awali=== Jones alizaliwa mjini [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]], akiwa mtoto mkubwa wa Sarah Frances, meneja wa majengo na makazi na pia ni mkurugenzi wa benki ambaye alisumbuliwa na [[skizofrenia]], na Quincy Delight Jones, Sr., mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[baseball]] na pia [[seremala]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/97/Quincy-Jones.html |title=Quincy Jones Biography (1933-) |publisher=Filmreference.com |date= |accessdate=2009-07-18}}</ref> Jones aligundua masuala ya muziki akiwa katika shule ya Raymond Elementary School iliyo huko mjini Kusini mwa Chicago na kujifunza talumbeta. Alipokuwa na umri wa miaka ya 10, familia yake ikahamia mjini Bremerton, Washington na kwenda kujiunga na shule ya mjini Seattle [[Garfield High School]]. Baadaye akajiunga na Somerset Academy. Mnamo mwaka wa 1951, Jones alipata udhamini kwa kwenda kujifua zaidi kimasomo ya muziki, [[:en:Berklee College of Music|Schillinger House]] ya mjni [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]. Lakini, alitelekeza masomo na kupokewa ofa ya kwenda kwenye ziara moja aliyokuwa kama mpiga talumbeta wa kiongozi wa bendi Bw. [[Lionel Hampton]]. Baadaye Jones akaelekea zake mjini [[New York City]], ambap alipata bahari kadhaa za kuwaandalia muziki baadhi ya wasanii kama vile [[Sarah Vaughan]], [[Dinah Washington]], [[Count Basie]], [[Duke Ellington]], [[Gene Krupa]], na rafiki yake wa karibu [[Ray Charles]]. ===Shughuli za muziki=== ===Kufanya kazi na Michael Jackson=== Wakati anashughulikia filamu ya ''[[:en:The Wiz (film)|The Wiz]]'', [[Michael Jackson]] akamwomba Jones amtayarishie albamu yake ijayo ya kujitegemea. Jibu lake likawa, ''[[Off the Wall]]'' iliyouza nakala milioni 20 na kumfanya Jones kuwa mtayarishaji mkubwa na mwenye nguvu katika soko la muziki. Jones na Jackson wakashirkiana na tena kutengeneza albamu ya ''[[Thriller]]'' iliyofanya mauzo ya heshima kwa nakala milioni 110 kwa hesabu ya dunia nzima na kuifanya iwe albamu yenye mauzo bora kwa muda wote (miaka nenda miaka rudi).<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/china/learningenglish/specials/1430_jackson_photo/page7.shtml]</ref> Jones akafanyakazi tena na Michael Jackson kwenye albamu yake ya tatu ya ''[[Bad]]'', ambayo iliuza nakala milioni 32. Baada ya albamu ya ''Bad'', Jones akamtaka Jackson aende kwa waanzilishi wa [[New Jack Swing]] Bw. [[Teddy Riley]] na [[Babyface]] hivyo Jackson anaweza "kubadili" sauti yake zaidi. Katika mahojiano mnamo mwaka wa 2002, pale Jackson alipoulizwa kama angeweza kufanya kazi tena Jones alijibu, "mlango uko wazi muda wote". Hata hivyo, mnamo mwaka 2007, pale NME.COM walipomuuliza Jones swali lilelile, alisema "Bwana tafadhali, nina mengi ya kufanya. Tulishafanya hivyo tayari. Nimezungumza naye kuhusu kufanya naye kazi tena, lakini nina mengi mno ya kufanya. Nina shughuli zaidi ya 900, na nina umri wa miaka 74. Hebu nipumzisheni".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nme.com/news/michael-jackson/28551 |title=Quincy Jones snubs chance to team up with Michael Jackson &#124; News &#124; NME.COM |publisher=Nme.Com<! |date=2007-05-25 |accessdate=2009-07-18}}</ref> Kwa kufuatia kifo cha Jackson mnamo [[25 Juni]] [[2009]], Jones alisema: {{dondoo|Yaani nimevurugwa kabisa na msiba huu na ni habari si za kutarajia. Kwa Michael kuchukuliwa kwetu ghafula hivyo akiwa na umri mdogo kama ule, wala sina la kusema. Ni mapenzi ya Mungu tu yaliyoleta nafsi zetu pamoja na kufanyakazi katika ''The Wiz'' na kuturuhusu kufanya kile tulichotakiwa kukifanya kwa miaka ya 1980. Kwa siku hizi, muziki tulioumba pamoja katika ''Off The Wall'', ''Thriller'' na ''Bad'' unapigwa katika kila kona ya dunia na sababu ya hiyo ni kwa sababu ndicho alichojaaliwa...kipaji, hekima, utaaluma na kupea umuhimu kwa wetu wengine. Alikuwa mburudishaji aliyetimia na michango yake na urithi wake utabaki ukikumbukwa duniani milele na milele. Leo hii nimempoteza mdogo wangu jamani, na sehemu ya nafsi yangu imeondoka na yeye.}} ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.quincyjones.com Official Quincy Jones Website] {{Wayback|url=http://www.quincyjones.com/ |date=20121020070440 }} * [http://www.myspace.com/quincyjones Official Quincy Jones Myspace Profile] * [http://www.quincyjonesmusic.com Quincy Jones Music Publishing] {{Wayback|url=http://www.quincyjonesmusic.com/ |date=20210126122536 }} * [http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/jones_q.html American Masters] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/database/jones_q.html |date=20071211184107 }} - Quincy Jones: The Story of an American Musician * {{IMDb name|id=0005065|name=Quincy Jones}} * [[Association for Computing Machinery]] [http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=973801.973815 Video Interview with Quincy Jones] * [http://uscpublicdiplomacy.com/pdfs/Quincy_Speech-5_26.pdf Quincy Jones speech on the importance of Cultural Diplomacy throughout the world] {{Wayback|url=http://uscpublicdiplomacy.com/pdfs/Quincy_Speech-5_26.pdf |date=20091006161454 }}, Beijing, China, 26 Mei 2006 * [http://www.cpsalumni.org/honor_roll/oct/14/2008/quincy-jones Quincy Jones on Chicago Public Schools Alumni Website Honor Roll] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cpsalumni.org/honor_roll/oct/14/2008/quincy-jones |date=20091116165956 }} * [http://www.visionaryproject.com/jonesquincy Quincy Jones' oral history video excerpts] at The National Visionary Leadership Project * [http://www.acm.org/pubs/cie/cie/scholarships2006.html Video clip of Quincy Jones' speech on education] at the American Film Institute for the 2006 ACM Computers in Entertainment Scholarship Awards (4 Novemba 2006) * [http://www.cpsalumni.org/school/raymond-school Raymond Elementary School] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cpsalumni.org/school/raymond-school |date=20090621144302 }}, where Quincy Jones discovered music {{Wikiquote}} {{Commons category|Quincy Jones}} {{Quincy Jones}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jones, Quincy}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki-USA}} [[Jamii:Watayarishaji muziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:waliofariki 2024]] rzqnofdkp7b9fv99b6yc68cuzs3bciw Nameless 0 32383 1544063 1521785 2026-05-16T03:25:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544063 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Mathenge''' (amezaliwa Agosti [[1976]]), anafahamika zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii '''Nameless,''' ni msanii wa kapuka nchini [[Kenya]]. == Taawasifu == Yeye alipata umaarufu mwaka 1999 kupitia Ushindani wa "Star search" uliofanywa na stesheni ya radio ya [Capital(98.4 fm) http://www.capitalfm.co.ke {{Wayback|url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/ |date=20091124010759 }}], ambayo alishinda kwa wimbo wake wa awali "Megarider" Wimbo huu unaongelea m kijana ambaye hana pesa na ilhali anajaribu kumpata kipusa.Fedha alizonazo zinatosha tu tiketi ya Kenya Bus , na si maisha ambayo msichana huyo anataka. Alifanya wimbo huo na na mtayarishaji [[Tedd Josiah]] na ulikaa kwenya kwenye chati kwa wiki kadhaa Alitia saini na [[Ogopa Deejays]] mnamo mwaka wa 2001.katika Ogopa DJ's alikuwa pamoja na wasanii kama vile marehemu [[E-Sir]] amabaye walifanya wimbo wa "Boomba Train," na [[Amani]] : "Ninanoki" mwaka wa 2002 wimbo ambao ulivunja rekodi kwenya chati nchini [[Kenya]] kwa kusalia siku 110 nambari moja Amekwenda kwenye ziara kaadhaa [[Afrika Mashariki]] , Marekani na pia Uingereza Alitoa albamu yake ya "on fire mwaka wa"2004. Pia mwaka huo huo wa 2004 Mathenge alimuoa msanii mwenzake [[Wahu]] Kagwe waliyekuwa wakirekodi pamoja katika Ogopa DJ's. Wana mtoto mmoja, binti ambaye alizaliwa mwaka 2006. Yeye pia ni mbunifu na alfuzu kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi.]] Kikundi cha 'pop' kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] ; Jamali walitoa wimbon wimbo wa "nigger" na ilisemekana kwamba waliuiba wimbo huo kutoka kwa Nameless. Lakini baadaye Jamali walikubali kumshirikisha Nameless kama Mwandishi wa "maisha" kwenye albamu yao ya "Yours Fatally" Yeye alikuwa miongoni mwa orodha ya watu mia moja (100) wenya ushawishi mkubwa sana nchini Kenya kama iliyotolewa na gazeti la [[The Standard]] Agosti 2007 <ref>The Standard, 21 Agosti 2007: [http://web.archive.org/web/20071013111103/http://eastandard.net/arts.php?topic=375&amp;img_topic=376 100 mest ushawishi Wakenya]</ref><ref>The Standard, 21 Agosti 2007: [https://web.archive.org/web/20071010050258/http://www.eastandard.net/hm_news/news.php?articleid=1143973204 100 mest ushawishi Wakenya - Entertainment]</ref> == Tuzo == * [[Kisima Music Awards 2004]] - Mwanamziki wa Boomba Bora * [[Kisima Music Awards 2006]] - Mwanamziki Mwanaume Bora kwenya Afro Fusion & Video Bora ''(Sinzia)'' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.kisimaawards.co.ke/kminner.asp?cat=winners |title=Kisima Awards winners 2006 |accessdate=2009-11-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408174146/http://www.kisimaawards.co.ke/kminner.asp?cat=winners |archivedate=2009-04-08 |https://web.archive.org/web/20090408174146/http://www.kisimaawards.co.ke/kminner.asp?cat=winners |=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408174146/http://www.kisimaawards.co.ke/kminner.asp?cat=winners }}</ref> * 2006 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] (PAM Awards) - Mwanaume Bora (Kenya) <ref>Ugandaonline.net: [http://www.ugandaonline.net/2006 PAM Awards 2006 Winners] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20121204190055/http://www.ugandaonline.net/2006 |date=2012-12-04 }}</ref> * 2007 [[Tanzania Music Awards]] (Kilimanjaro Music Awards) - Wimbo Bora Afrika Mashariki ''(Sinzia)'' <ref>Tanzania Music Awards: [http://www.kilitimetz.com/awards/2007/winners/index.html 2007 winners] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kilitimetz.com/awards/2007/winners/index.html |date=20081002055743 }}</ref> * 2007 [[Channel O Music Video Awards]] - Mwanaume Bora( "Sinzia") <ref>Museke: [http://museke.com/index.php?q=node/1534 Channel O Music Video Awards 2007 winners] {{Wayback|url=http://museke.com/index.php?q=node%2F1534 |date=20160304094232 }}</ref> * 2008 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] - Mwanaume mwanamziki Bora Kenya <ref>Museke: [http://museke.com/en/node/2396 PAM Awards Winners 2008] {{Wayback|url=http://museke.com/en/node/2396 |date=20090418144712 }}</ref> * [[Kisima Music Awards 2008]] - Mwanamzikin Mwanaume wa Mwaka & Video Bora ( "Salari") <ref>Kisima Music Awards: [http://www.kisimaawards.co.ke/kminner.asp?cat=winners08 2008 Kisima Music Awards] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kisimaawards.co.ke/kminner.asp?cat=winners08 |date=20091212182824 }}</ref> * Tanzania Music Awards 2009 - Wimbo Bora Afrika Mashariki ( "Salari") <ref>Daily Nation, Buzz Magazine, 12 Aprili 2009: [http://www.nation.co.ke/magazines/buzz/-/441236/559564/-/item/2/-/8vn5m2z/-/index.html The Kilimanjaro Awards 2009: The Highs na Lows] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nation.co.ke/magazines/buzz/-/441236/559564/-/item/2/-/8vn5m2z/-/index.html |date=20120227044343 }}</ref> * [[2009 MTV Africa Music Awards]] - Msanii wa Mwaka, Chaguo la Wasikilizaji <ref>Museke: [http://lyrics.fienipa.com/en/node/4273 MTV Africa Music Awards (MAMAs) 2009 winners] {{Wayback|url=http://lyrics.fienipa.com/en/node/4273 |date=20091013220354 }}</ref> === Kuchaguliwa === * [[Tanzania Music Awards]] 2005 - Albamu Bora Afrika Mashariki ( "On Fire") <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.kilitimetz.com/2005/awards/vote.html |title=Tanzania Music Awards - Nominees 2005 |accessdate=2006-05-15 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515123130/http://www.kilitimetz.com/2005/awards/vote.html |archivedate=2006-05-15 }}</ref> * [[2006 MTV Europe Music Awards 2006]] - Mwanamziki Bora Afrika * [[2009 MTV Africa Music Awards]] - Mwanamziki Bora <ref>Museke: [http://www.museke.com/en/node/3989 MTV Africa Music Awards (MAMAs) 2009 nominees] {{Wayback|url=http://www.museke.com/en/node/3989 |date=20091014215232 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} == Viunganish vya nje == * [http://www.bernsoft.com/ogopa/ Ogopa DJs Tovuti rasmi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bernsoft.com/ogopa/ |date=20060620105803 }} * [http://mtvbase.com/mtvbaseafrica.com/music/article.jhtml?backLink=profiles&amp;id=30119465 MTV Base Afrika profile: Nameless] {{Wayback|url=http://mtvbase.com/mtvbaseafrica.com/music/article.jhtml?backLink=profiles&id=30119465 |date=20070310224918 }} * [http://www.museke.com/node/103 Nameless 'profile, lyrics, audio, video, nk] {{Wayback|url=http://www.museke.com/node/103 |date=20080708135754 }} * [http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/Redio ya Capital] {{DEFAULTSORT:Mathenge, David}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Kisima Music Award winners]] nrso60gx8ljcq5jdfgffb6e60sbq56r YouTube 0 32574 1543738 1353662 2026-05-15T13:59:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543738 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha: Youtube_founders.jpg|thumb| Waanzilishi wa YouTube. kulia ni Chad Hurley, Steve Chen na kushoto ni Jawed Karim]] '''YouTube''' ni [[tovuti]] ya kushirikisha [[video]] ambazo watumiaji wanaweza kuzinakili na kuzigawa kwa wengine. [[Wafanyakazi]] watatu wa zamani wa [[PayPal]] waliunda YouTube mnamo [[Februari]] [[2005]]. <ref>{{cite web | title=Surprise! There's a third YouTube co-founder|author=Hopkins, Jim| publisher = [[USA Today]]| url =http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-10-11-youtube-karim_x.htm|accessdate= 2008-11-29 }}</ref> Mnamo [[Novemba]] [[2006]], '''YouTube, LLC''' ilununuliwa na [[Google Inc]] kwa [[Dola ya Marekani|Dola]] [[bilioni]] 1.65, na sasa huendeshwa kama shirika dogo la Google. [[Kampuni]] hii ipo [[San Bruno, California|San Bruno]], [[California]] na inatumia [[teknolojia]] ya [[Adobe Flash]] kuonyesha aina mbalimbali za video zilizotengenezwa na watumiaji, pamoja na vijisehemu vya [[sinema]], vijisehemu vya maonyesho ya [[runinga]], na video za [[nyimbo]], vilevile maudhui ambayo hayajakomaa kama vile video za kublogu na video za asili zilizo fupi. [[Faili:YouTube full-color icon (2017).svg|thumb|Ikoni kamili ya rangi ya YouTube]] Maudhui mengi yaliyomo kwenye YouTube yametumiwa na watu binafsi, ingawa [[vyombo vya habari]] pamoja na makampuni yakiwemo [[CBS]], [[BBC]], [[UMG]] na mashirika mengine hutoa baadhi ya [[habari]] zao, kama sehemu ya mpango wa [[ushirikiano]] na YouTube. <ref>{{cite web | title=BBC strikes Google-YouTube deal|author=Weber, Tim| publisher = [[BBC]]| url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6411017.stm|accessdate= 2009-01-17 }}</ref> Watumiaji ambao hawajasajiliwa wanaweza kutazama video, wakati watumiaji waliosajiliwa wanaruhusiwa kutumia na kunakili [[idadi]] isiyo na kipimo ya video. Video ambazo zanaweza kuwa na maudhui yaliyo na [[ujumbe]] wenye [[lugha]] isiyoruhusiwa zinapatikana kwa watumiaji waliosajiliwa tu na wenye [[umri]] zaidi ya miaka 18. Kunakili kwa video zenye lugha ya kukashifu, mambo ya [[ngono]], ukiukwaji wa [[hakimiliki]], na habari zinazohimiza [[uhalifu]] kumepigwa marufuku katika [[mkataba]] wa masharti ya [[huduma]] ya YouTube. [[Akaunti]] za watumiaji waliosajiliwa hujulikana kama "channels". <ref name="guidelines">{{cite web |author=| url = http://youtube.com/t/community_guidelines| title = YouTube Community Guidelines | publisher = YouTube| accessdate = 2008-11-30}}</ref> == Historia ya kampuni == {{Main|Historia ya YouTube}} [[Picha:901cherryave.jpg|thumb|left|Makao makuu ya sasa ya YouTube mjini San Bruno, California.]] YouTube ilianzishwa na [[Chad Hurley]], [[Steve Chen]] na [[Jawed Karim]] ambao awali wote walikuwa wafanyakazi wa [[PayPal]]. <ref name="usatoday">{{cite web | url = http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/techinnovations/2005-11-21-video-websites_x.htm | title = Video websites pop up, invite postings | work = [[USA Today]] | date = 2005-11-21 | accessdate = 2006-07-28 | last = Graham | first = Jefferson}}</ref> Hurley alisomea urasimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Indiana ya Pennsylvania, huku Chen na Karim wakisomea kompyuta sayansi pamoja katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Illinois]] huko Urbana-Champaign.<ref>{{cite web |title=YouTube: Sharing Digital Camera Videos |publisher=[[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] |url=http://www.cs.uiuc.edu/news/articles.php?id=2006Feb3-126 |accessdate=2008-11-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111223210/http://www.cs.uiuc.edu/news/articles.php?id=2006Feb3-126 |archivedate=2009-01-11 }}</ref> Kulingana na hadithi inayorudiwa mara nyingi katika vyombo vya habari, Chad Hurley na Steve Chen waliibua wazo la YouTube wakati wa miezi ya mwanzo ya 2005, baada ya kukabiliana na matatizo ya kugawa video zilizochukuliwa kweye chakula cha jioni nyumbani kwa Chen huko [[San Francisco]]. Jawed Karim hakuhudhuria sherehe hii na alikana kwamba sherehe ilikuwepo, na Chad Hurley alisema kuwa, wazo kuwa YouTube lilianzishwa baada ya chakula cha jioni" pengine lilitiwa nguvu sana na mawazo ya matangazo ili kuunda hadithi yenye kueleweka zaidi." <ref>{{cite web| title=The Gurus of YouTube| author=Cloud, John| publisher=[[Time Magazine]]| url=http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,1570721,00.html| accessdate=2008-11-29| archivedate=2007-02-19| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219222540/http://www.time.com/time/printout/0%2C8816%2C1570721%2C00.html| =https://web.archive.org/web/20070219222540/http://www.time.com/time/printout/0%2C8816%2C1570721%2C00.html}}</ref> YouTube ilianza kama teknolojia ya kufadhiliwa, hasa kutoka kwa uwekezaji wa dola za Marekani milioni 11.5 kutoka kwa [[Sequoia Capital]] kati ya Novemba 2005 na Aprili 2006. <ref>{{cite web | title=Venture Firm Shares a YouTube Jackpot|author=Miguel Helft and Matt Richtel| publisher = [[The New York Times]] |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/10/technology/10payday.html|accessdate= 2008-11-30 }}</ref> Hapo awali makao makuu ya YouTube yalikuwa upande wa juu wa [[Pizzeria]] na mkahawa wa Kijapani katika [[San Mateo, California|San Mateo]], California. <ref>{{cite web | title=Ready for Its Close-Up|author=Sara Kehaulani Goo| publisher = [[Washington Post]]| url =http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/06/AR2006100600660.html|accessdate= 2008-11-29 }}</ref> Jina la kikoa chake <code>www.youtube.com</code> kilianza kutumika tarehe 15 Februari 2005, na tovuti iliundwa miezi kadhaa iliyofuata. <ref>{{cite web | url = http://whois.domaintools.com/youtube.com| title = Whois Record for <code>www.youtube.com</code> | accessdate = 2009-04-01 | work = | publisher =DomainTools }}</ref> Video ya kwanza kwenye Youtube ilikuwa ''Me at the Zoo,'' na mwanzilishi wa onyesho Jawed Karim kwenye [[San Diego Zoo]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=YouTube: Overnight success has sparked a backlash|author=Alleyne, Richard| publisher = [[Daily Telegraph]]| url =http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/2480280/YouTube-Overnight-success-has-sparked-a-backlash.html|accessdate= 2009-01-17 }}</ref> Video hii ilipakiwa mnamo tarehe 23 Aprili 2005, na bado yaweza kutazamwa kwenye tovuti. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://youtube.com/watch?v=jNQXAC9IVRw|title=Me at the zoo|publisher=YouTube|date=2005-04-23|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> YouTube iliupatia umma toleo la kwanza la tovuti Mei 2005, miezi sita kabla ya uzinduzi rasmi mnamo Novemba 2005. Tovuti ilikua haraka, na Julai 2006 kampuni ilitangaza kwamba zaidi ya video mpya 65,000 zilikuwa zikipakiwa kila siku, na kwamba tovuti ilikuwa ikipokea watazamaji wa video milioni 100 kwa siku. <ref>{{cite news |title=YouTube serves up 100 million videos a day online |url=http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-07-16-youtube-views_x.htm |work= |publisher= [[USA Today]]|date=2006-07-16 |accessdate=2008-11-29}}</ref> Kulingana na tarakimu zilizochapishwa na kampuni ya utafiti wa masoko comScore, YouTube inaongoza katika utoaji wa video kwenye mtandao katika [[Marekani]], ikiwa na mgawo wa soko wa karibu asilimia 43 na zaidi ya video bilioni sita zilizotazamwa mnamo Januari 2009. <ref>{{cite web| title =YouTube Surpasses 100 Million U.S. Viewers for the First Time| author =| publisher =[[comScore]]| url =http://www.comscore.com/press/release.asp?press=2741| accessdate =2009-03-05| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20090305143750/http://www.comscore.com//press//release.asp?press=2741| archivedate =2009-03-05}}</ref> Inakadiriwa kuwa video mpya za jumla ya masaa 20 hupakiwa kwa tovuti kila dakika, na kwamba karibu robo tatu ya nyenzo hizi hutoka nje ya Marekani. <ref>{{cite web | title=Zoinks! 20 Hours of Video Uploaded Every Minute!|author=Junee, Ryan|date = 2009-05-20| publisher =YouTube |url = http://www.youtube.com/blog?entry=on4EmafA5MA|accessdate= 2009-05-26}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | title = Eric Schmidt, Princeton Colloquium on Public & Int'l Affairs|author=| publisher = YouTube| url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nXmDxf7D_g#t=14m52s|accessdate= 2009-06-01 }}</ref> Pia inakadiriwa kwamba katika mwaka 2007 YouTube ilitumiwa kipimo data sawa na kiasi kilichotumika kwenye [[wavuti]] mzima wa mwaka 2000. <ref>{{cite web| title = Web could collapse as video demand soars| author = | publisher = [[Daily Telegraph]]| url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2008/04/07/nweb107.xml| accessdate = 2008-04-21| archivedate = 2008-04-08| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080408010707/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2008%2F04%2F07%2Fnweb107.xml}}</ref> Mwezi Machi 2008, kipimo data cha YouTube kiligharimu dola milioni 1 za Marekani kwa siku. <ref name="Moneyclip">{{cite news|first=Yi-Wyn|last=Yen|date=2008-03-25|url=http://techland.blogs.fortune.cnn.com/2008/03/25/youtube-looks-for-the-money-clip|title=YouTube Looks For the Money Clip|accessdate=2008-03-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100117010826/http://techland.blogs.fortune.cnn.com/2008/03/25/youtube-looks-for-the-money-clip/|archivedate=2010-01-17}}</ref> [[Alexa]] ameipa nafasi ya nne YouTube kama tovuti iliyotumiwa kwa wingi kwenye wavuti, nyuma ya [[Google]], [[Yahoo!]] na [[Facebook]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Alexa Traffic Rank for YouTube (three month average)| author = | publisher = [[Alexa Internet]]| url = http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/youtube.com| accessdate = 2009-08-26| archivedate = 2016-11-27| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161127004253/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/youtube.com}}</ref> Uchaguzi wa jina <code>www.youtube.com</code> ulisababisha matatizo kwa vile jina hili lilikuwa likitumika kwa tovuti, <code>www.utube.com.</code> Mmiliki wa tovuti, Universal Tube &amp; Rollform Equipment, aliandikisha kesi mahakamani dhidi YouTube Novemba 2006 baada ya kupokea idadi kubwa ya watu waliokuwa wakitafuta YouTube. Universal Tube kwa sasa imebadilisha jina la tovuti yake na kuwa <code>www.utubeonline.com.</code> <ref>{{cite web| title = Help! YouTube is killing my business!| author = Zappone, Christian| publisher = [[CNN]]| url = http://money.cnn.com/2006/10/12/news/companies/utube/index.htm| accessdate = 2008-11-29| archive-date = 2009-02-01| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090201221713/http://money.cnn.com/2006/10/12/news/companies/utube/index.htm| url-status = dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web| title = Utube sues YouTube| author = Blakely, Rhys| publisher = [[The Times]]| url = http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article623050.ece| accessdate = 2008-11-29| archive-date = 2011-08-09| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110809135859/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article623050.ece| url-status = dead}}</ref> Mnamo Oktoba 2006, [[Google Inc]] ilitangaza kwamba ilikuwa imeipata YouTube kwa [[dola]] bilioni 1.65 katika hisa za Google, agano hili lilikamilishwa tarehe 13 Novemba 2006. Google huwa haitoi tarakimu za kina za gharama ya kutunza YouTube, na mapato ya YouTube ya mwaka 2007 yalibainishwa kuwa "siyo kitu" katika uwekaji jalada. Juni 2008 nakala katika gazeti la [[Forbes]] lilitoa makadirio ya mapato ya 2008 kuwa dola milioni 200 za Kimarekani, huku likibaini mafanikio katika mauzo ya matangazo. Mnamo Novemba 2008, YouTube ilifikia makubaliano na [[MGM]], [[Lions Gate Entertainment]] na [[CBS]] ambazo ziliruhusu makampuni kutuma filamu nzima na maonyesho ya televisheni kwenye tovuti, yakiandamana na matangazo. Hatua hii imekusudiwa kutoa ushindani kwa tovuti kama [[Hulu]], ambazo huwa na nyenzo kutoka kwa [[NBC]], [[Fox]], na [[Disney]]. <ref>{{cite web | title = MGM to Post Full Films on YouTube|author=Brad Stone and Brooks Barnes| publisher = [[The New York Times]]| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/10/business/media/10mgm.html?ref=technology|accessdate= 2008-11-29}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/04/30/AR2009043001853.html |title=It's Official: Disney Joins News Corp., NBCU In Hulu; Deal Includes Some Cable Nets |accessdate=2009-04-30 |date=2009-04-30 |dateformat=dmy |author=Staci D. Kramer |work=paidContent.org}}</ref> Tarehe 9 Oktoba 2009, wakati wa ukumbusho wa tatu kutoka kuchukuliwa na [[Google]], Chad Hurley alitangaza katika chapisho la blogu ya kwamba YouTube ilikuwa inatumiwa na "zaidi ya watazamaji bilioni moja" duniani kote. == Athari za kijamii == {{Main|Athari za kijamii za YouTube}} Kabla ya uzinduzi wa YouTube mwaka 2005, kulikuwa na mbinu chache rahisi zilizokuwemo kwa watumiaji wa kompyuta wa kawaida ambao walitaka kuchapisha video kwenye wavuti. Pamoja na kusano lake rahisi, YouTube ilirahisisha uwezekano wa mtu yeyote aliyeunganishwa kwa wavuti kuchapisha video ambazo watazamaji duniani kote wanaweza kutazama kwa muda wa dakika chache. Mada tofauti zilizoko katika YouTube zimegeuza ugawi wa video kuwa mojawapo ya sehemu muhimu ya utamaduni wa wavuti. Mfano wa awali wa athari za kijamii za YouTube ulikuwa ufanisi wa video ya [[Bus Uncle]] mwaka 2006. Inaonyesha mazungumzo makali kati ya kijana na mzee ndani ya gari la abiria huko Hong Kong, na ilijadiliwa sana katika wasimamizi wa vyombo vya habari vilivyoimarika. <ref>{{cite web | title = Irate HK man unlikely Web hero|author=Bray, Marianne| publisher = [[CNN]]| url = http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/06/07/hk.uncle/|accessdate = 2008-05-28 }}</ref> Video nyingine iliyopokea uwambo ni ''guitar,'' <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjA5faZF1A8|title=guitar|date=2005-12-20|accessdate=2009-08-03|publisher=YouTube}}</ref> ambayo ilihusisha uiigizi wa [[Pachelbel's Canon]] huku akiwa na [[gitaa]] la [[umeme]]. Jina la mwigizaji halijatolewa katika video, na baada ya kupokea mamilioni ya maoni gazeti la ''[[The New York Times]]'' lilifichua jina la mcheza gitaa kama [[Jeong-hyun Lim]], wa umri wa miaka 23 kutoka Korea ya Kusini ambaye alikuwa amerekodi traki hii ndani ya chumba chake cha malazi. <ref name="nyt-heff">{{cite news|last = Heffernand|first=Virginia|title= Web Guitar Wizard Revealed at Last |publisher =[[The New York Times]]|date = 2006-08-27 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/27/arts/television/27heff.html?ei=5088&en=5b993ce30a7b7039&ex=1314331200&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&pagewanted=all|accessdate =2007-07-02}}</ref> YouTube ilipatiwa tuzo la 2008 la [[George Foster Peabody]] na kunukuliwa kuwa " 'Uwanda wa Wasemi' " na iliyoonyesha na kukuza demokrasia." <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peabody.uga.edu/news/event.php?id=59|title=Complete List of 2008 Peabody Award Winners|date=2009-04-01|publisher=Peabody Awards, University of Georgia|accessdate=2009-04-01|archivedate=2009-06-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608125014/http://www.peabody.uga.edu/news/event.php?id=59}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ajc.com/services/content/printedition/2009/04/02/peabody0402.html|title=Peabody honors CNN, TMC|last=Ho|first=Rodney|date=20009-04-02|publisher=[[Atlanta Journal-Constitution]]|accessdate=2009-04-14|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120728150636/http://www.ajc.com/services/content/printedition/2009/04/02/peabody0402.html|archivedate=2012-07-28}}</ref> == Lawama == {{Main|Lawama dhidi ya YouTube}} === Nyenzo zenye hakimiliki === YouTube imekuwa ikilaumiwa kwa kushindwa kuhakikisha kwamba video zake zina heshimu sheria ya [[hakimiliki]]. Wakati wa kupakia video,watumiaji wa YouTube huwa wanaonyesha daima kiwambo chenye ujumbe ufuatao: <blockquote>Usipakie maonyesho yoyote ya televisheni, video za nyimbo, tamasha za miziki au ujumbe wa kibiashara bila ruhusa isipokuwa iwe maudhui yote yaliyomo uliyatengeneza wewe mwenyewe. Ukurasa wa vidokezo vya hakimiliki na Mwogozo wa Jumuiya unaweza kukusaidia kuamua kama video yako inakiuka hakimiliki za mtu mwingine. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/rhodri-marsden-why-did-my-youtube-account-get-closed-down-1770618.html|title=Why did my YouTube account get closed down?|work=[[The Independent]]|first=Rhodri|last=Marsden|date=2009-08-12|accessdate=2009-08-12}}</ref></blockquote> Lisha ya ushauri huu, bado kuna vijisehemu vingi vya maonyesho ya televisheni,video za nyimbo na filamu katika YouTube. YouTube huwa haitazami video kabla ya kuzichapisha kwenye wavuti, ila hupatia jukumu wamiliki wa hakimiliki kutoa notisi ya uvunjaji chini ya sheria za [[Millennium Digital Copyright Act.]] Mashirika yakiwemo [[Viacom, Mediaset]] na [[Ligi]] kuu ya Uingereza yameandikisha kesi dhidi ya YouTube, yakidai kuwa imefanya juhudi kidogo mno kuzuia upakiaji wa nyenzo zenye hakimiliki. <ref>{{cite web | title = Viacom will sue YouTube for $1bn|author=| publisher = [[BBC News]]| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6446193.stm|accessdate= 2008-05-26 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Mediaset Files EUR500 Million Suit Vs Google's YouTube |url=http://money.cnn.com/news/newsfeeds/articles/djf500/200807301025DOWJONESDJONLINE000654_FORTUNE5.htm |date=30 Julai 2008 |publisher=[[CNNMoney.com]] |accessdate=19 Agosti 2009 |archive-date=2012-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916215124/http://money.cnn.com/news/newsfeeds/articles/djf500/200807301025DOWJONESDJONLINE000654_FORTUNE5.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web| title = Premier League to take action against YouTube| author = | publisher = [[Daily Telegraph]]| url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=/sport/2007/05/05/ufnrup05.xml| accessdate = 2008-05-24| archivedate = 2008-05-17| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080517031948/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fsport%2F2007%2F05%2F05%2Fufnrup05.xml}}</ref> Viacom, wanadai dola bilioni 1 za Kimarekani kama fidia ya [[uharibifu]], huku ikisema kuwa alikuwa imepata zaidi ya vijisehemu ambavyo vinatokana na nyenzo 150,000 zake katika YouTube na ambavyo vimetazamwa zaidi ya mara bilioni 1.5. YouTube alijibu kwa kusema ya kwamba huwa "inaenda mbali zaidi ya mipaka yake kisheria katika kusaidia kulinda nyenzo za wamiliki na kazi zao". Tangu Viacom kuandikisha kesi yake, YouTube imeanizisha mfumo uitwao VideoID, ambao huangalia video zilizopakiwa dhidi ya hifadhidata ya maudhui yenye hakimiliki kwa lengo la kupunguza ukiukaji. <ref>{{cite web | title = YouTube law fight 'threatens net' |author=| publisher = [[BBC News]]| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7420955.stm|accessdate= 2008-05-28 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | title = Google seeks to turn a profit from YouTube copyright clashes|author=Allen, Katie| publisher = [[The Guardian]]| url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/nov/01/google-youtube-monetise-content|accessdate= 2009-11-02 }}</ref> Mnamo Agosti 2008, mahakama ya Marekani iliamua ya kwamba wamiliki wa hakimiliki hawawezi kuagiza kuondolewa kwa faili iliyo katika wavuti bila kwanza kubainisha kuwa kupakiwa kwakwe kunaonyesha matumizi ya haki ya nyenzo hii[[]]. Kesi hii ilihusisha Stephanie Lenz kutoka [[Gallitzin, Pennsylvania]], ambaye alikuwa ameunda video ya kinyumbani ya mwanawe wa kiume wa miaka 13 huku akicheza wimbo wa [[Prince]] "[[Let's Go Crazy]]" na kupakia video hii ya sekunde 29 kwa YouTube. <ref>{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Woman can sue over YouTube clip de-posting |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/08/20/MNU412FKRL.DTL |quote= |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=2008-08-20 |accessdate=2008-08-25 }}</ref> === Faragha === Mnamo Julai 2008, [[Viacom]] ilishinda uamuzi wa mahakama uliohitaji YouTube kutoa na kuipa data kuhusu tabia ya kila mtazamaji ambaye anatazama video kenye tovuti. Hatua hii ilisababisha wasiwasi kwamba tabia ya mtazamaji binafsi ingeweza kutambuliwa kwa [[anwani ya IP]] na majina yao ya kuingilia tovuti. Uamuzi huo ulitiliwa lawama na [[Electronic Frontier Foundation]], ambayo iliita uamuzi huu wa mahakama kama "sera inayorundisha nyuma haki za ufaragha". <ref>{{cite web | title = Google must divulge YouTube log|author=| publisher = [[BBC News]]| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7488009.stm|accessdate= 2008-07-03 }}</ref> Jaji [[Louis Stanton]]wa Mahakama ya Wilaya aliutupilia mbali wasiwasi wa faragha kama "uvumi", na kuiamuru YouTube kukabidhi nyaraka zilizokaribia [[terabyte]] 12 za data. Jaji Stanton alikataa ombi la Viacom kwa YouTube kukabidhi [[chanzo kanuni]] za [[mfumo wake wa utafiti]], akisema kuwa hakuna ushahidi kuwa YouTube ilichukulia ukiukaji wa hakimiliki kwa namna tofauti. <ref>{{cite web| title = YouTube ordered to reveal its viewers| author = | publisher = [[CNN]]| url = http://edition.cnn.com/2008/TECH/biztech/07/03/youtubelawsuit.ap/index.html| accessdate = 2008-07-04| archivedate = 2008-07-07| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080707013321/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/TECH/biztech/07/03/youtubelawsuit.ap/index.html}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | title = Google Told to Turn Over User Data of YouTube|author=Helft, Miguel| publisher = [[The New York Times]]| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/04/technology/04youtube.html?bl&ex=1215230400&en=2144c0053de49341&ei=5087%0A|accessdate= 2008-07-04 }}</ref> === Maudhui yasiyofaa === YouTube pia imekabiliwa na upinzani juu ya maudhui ya kukera yaliyomo katika baadhi ya video zake. Ingawa [[sheria ya utumiaji]] wa YouTube hukataza kupakia kwa video ambayo ina uwezekano wa kuwa na nyenzo zisizofaa, YouTube huwa haiangali kila video kabla ya kuwekwa kwenye wavuti. Sehemu zenye utata katika video zinahusisha [[ukanaji wa Mauaji ya Holocaust na mkasa wa Hillsborough]], ambapo mashabiki 96 kutoka [[Liverpool]] waliangamizwa mwaka wa 1989, kwenye njama za kidhahania na dini. <ref>{{cite web | title =YouTube criticized in Germany over anti-Semitic Nazi videos|author=| publisher = [[Reuters]]| url = http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/898004.html|accessdate= 2008-05-28 }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | title =Fury as YouTube carries sick Hillsboro video insult|author=| publisher = icLiverpool| url = http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/0100news/0100regionalnews/tm_headline=fury-as-youtube-carries-sick-hillsboro-video-insult%26method=full%26objectid=18729523%26page=1%26siteid=50061-name_page.html|accessdate= 2008-05-24 }}</ref> YouTube hutegemea watumiaji wake kuonyesha ishara kuhusu maudhui ya video kama ni yale yasiyofaa, na wafanyakazi wa YouTube watatazama video iliyoashiriwa kubaini kama inakiuka [[mkataba wa masharti ya utumizi]] wa tovuti. <ref name="guidelines"/> Mnamo Julai 2008 Kamati ya Utamaduni na Vyombo vya habari ya [[Bunge la Umoja la Uingereza]] ilisema ya kwamba ilikuwa "haijaridhishwa" na mfumo wa YouTube wa kutoa sera za video zake, na kujadili kuwa "kukabiliwa awali kwa maudhui yafaa kuwa kigezo cha sera ya tovuti kupakia [[maudhui yanayotoka kwa watumiaji|maudhui yanayotoka kwa watumiaji." YouTube alijibu kwa kusema kuwa: "Tuna sheria kali juu ya kile kinachoruhusiwa, na mfumo unaowezesha mtu yeyote ambaye anaona maudhui yasiyofaa kuripoti kwetu 24 / 7 kwa timu yetu na suala hili kushughulikiwa mara moja. Sisi huelimisha jamii yetu juu ya sheria na inahusisha kiungo cha moja kwa moja kutoka kwa kila ukurusa wa YouTube ili kurahisisha mchakato huu kama iwezekanavyo kwa watumiaji wetu. Kutokana na idadi kumbwa ya maudhui yaliyo pakiwa kwenye tovuti yetu, tunadhani kuwa hadi sasa hii ndiyo njia yenye ufanisi zaidi ili kuhakikisha kuwa video chache ambazo huvunja kanuni zinashuka haraka. <ref>{{cite web| title = YouTube attacked by MPs over sex and violence footage| author = | publisher = [[Daily Telegraph]]| url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/connected/main.jhtml?xml=/connected/2008/07/31/dlyoutube131.xml| accessdate = 2008-08-21| archivedate = 2008-08-07| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080807022353/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/connected/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fconnected%2F2008%2F07%2F31%2Fdlyoutube131.xml}}</ref> == Kuziba == Nchi kadhaa zimeziba upatikanaji wa YouTube tangu kuanzishwa kwake, [[ikiwemo Jamhuri ya Uchina]], <ref>{{cite web| title =YouTube finally back online in China| author =Schwankert, Steven| publisher =PC Advisor| url =http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=11198| accessdate =2008-11-30| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20090106071228/http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?newsid=11198| archivedate =2009-01-06}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|title=China 'blocks YouTube video site'|author=Sommerville, Quentin|publisher=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7961069.stm|accessdate=2009-03-24}}</ref> [[Morocco]], <ref>{{cite web| title =YouTube shut down in Morocco| author =Richards, Jonathan| publisher =[[The Times]]| url =http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/article1859557.ece| accessdate =2008-11-30| archive-date =2011-08-09| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110809062407/http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/article1859557.ece| url-status =dead}}</ref> na [[Thailand]]. <ref>{{cite web | title =Thailand blocks access to YouTube|author=| publisher = [[BBC]]| url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/6528303.stm|accessdate= 2008-11-30 }}</ref> YouTube sasa imezibwa nchini [[Uturuki]] baada ya utata juu ya video iliyoonekana kuwa yenye matusi kwa [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]]. <ref name="gatekeepers">{{cite news |first= |last= |author= Rosen, Jeffrey|coauthors= |title=Google’s Gatekeepers |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/magazine/30google-t.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&pagewanted=all |quote= |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |date=2008-11-30 |accessdate=2008-12-01 }}</ref> Licha ya kuzibwa huku, [[Waziri Mkuu wa Uturuki Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] alikubali kwa waandishi wa habari kwamba angeweza kupata YouTube, kwani tovuti bado inapatikana huko Uturuki kwa kutumia mbadala wa wazi. <ref>{{cite web| title =Ban on YouTube proves virtual| author =Doğan News Agency| publisher =[[Hürriyet]]| url =http://arama.hurriyet.com.tr/arsivnews.aspx?id=10441126| accessdate =2008-11-30| archivedate =2008-12-05| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20081205140251/http://arama.hurriyet.com.tr/arsivnews.aspx?id=10441126}}</ref> Tarehe 3 Desemba 2006, [[Iran]] iliziba kwa muda upataji wa YouTube, pamoja na tovuti zingine kadhaa, baada ya kuzitangaza kama zinazokiuka maadili ya kijamii na kanuni za vitendo. YouTube ilizibwa baada ya video iliyopakiwa kwenye wavuti kujaribu kumwonyesha Mwajemi/Mwirani anayeiigiza katika filamu za mapenzi akishiriki katika ngono. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/iran/story/0,,1963166,00.html|title=Censorship fears rise as Iran blocks access to top websites|date=[[4 Novemba]] [[2006]]|accessdate = 2006-12-17}}</ref> Kuzibwa huku baadaye kuliondolewa na kisha kukarejeshwa [[Uajemi]] baada ya uchaguzi wa rais 2009. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jSPlmVgh-SfeEO9WhpOVG6Slnu0w|work=[[American Free Press]]|publisher=[[Google]]|title=Mobile phones, Facebook, YouTube cut in Iran|date=[[13 Julai]] [[2009]]|accessdate=2009-07-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618091843/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jSPlmVgh-SfeEO9WhpOVG6Slnu0w|archivedate=2009-06-18}}</ref> Mnamo 23 Februari 2008, [[Pakistan]] iliziba YouTube kutokana na "nyenzo za kukera" kwa [[imani ya Uislamu]] , pamoja na kuonyeshwa kwa [[katuni ya Kideni]] ya nabii [[Muhammad.]] <ref>{{cite web | title =Pakistan blocks YouTube website|author=| publisher = [[BBC]]| url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7261727.stm|accessdate= 2008-11-30 }}</ref> Hii ilisababisha karibu kuzimwa kimataifa kwa tovuti ya YouTube karibu masaa mawili, kwa vile kuzibwa huko kwa Pakistan kulichukuliwa na nchi nyingine. Pakistan iliondoa kizibo chake tarehe 26 Februari 2008. <ref>{{cite web | title =Pakistan lifts the ban on YouTube|author=| publisher = [[BBC]]| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7262071.stm|accessdate= 2008-11-30 }}</ref> Wapakistani walizunguka kizibo hicho cha siku tatu kwa kutumia [[programu mtandao wa kibinafsi.]] [[]]. <ref>{{cite web| title =Pakistan web users get round YouTube ban| author =| publisher =Silicon Republic| url =http://www.siliconrepublic.com/news/news.nv?storyid=single10381| accessdate =2008-11-30| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20080629065235/http://www.siliconrepublic.com/news/news.nv?storyid=single10381| archivedate =2008-06-29}}</ref> Shule katika baadhi ya nchi zimeziba upatikanaji wa YouTube kutokana na wanafunzi wa kupakia video zenye tabia ya uchokozi, vita vya shuleni,tabia ya ubaguzi wa rangi, na nyenzo zingine zisizofaa. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,21330109-15306,00.html|title=States still hold out on YouTube|date=2007-03-06|author=Colley, Andrew|publisher=Australian IT|6=accessdate2007-10-11|accessdate=2009-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090223201413/http://www.australianit.news.com.au/story/0,24897,21330109-15306,00.html|archivedate=2009-02-23}}</ref> == Teknolojia == [[Picha:Youtubecompfull.png|right|225px|thumb|Ulinganifu wa kawaida, juu, na HD wa ubora wa video za YouTube zikichezwa katika YouTube na uimarisho wa asili wa video hizi.]] === Muundo wa video === Teknologia ya urejeshi wa kucheza Video za YouTube kwa watumiaji wa mtandao inatokana na [[Adobe Flash Player.]] Hii inaruhusu tovuti kuonyesha video bora ikilinganishwa na teknolojia zilizoimarika za kucheza video (kama [[Windows Media Player, QuickTime]], na [[RealPlayer)]] ambazo kwa ujumla huhitaji mtumiaji kupakua na kuweka [[programu-jalizi kwa kivinjari]] ili kutazama maudhui ya video. <ref>{{cite web|title=Did YouTube Cut the Gordian Knot of Video Codecs?|author=Atwood, Jeff|publisher=Coding Horror|url=http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/archives/000755.html|accessdate=2008-12-04|archivedate=2009-03-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302051409/http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/archives/000755.html}}</ref> Kutazama video ya Flash pia kunahitaji plogramu-jalizi, lakini [[utafiti wa soko]] kutoka kwa [[Adobe Systems]] umegundua ya kwamba plogramu-jalizi yake imewekwa kwa Kiwango cha asilimia 95 kwenye kompyuta za kibinafsi. <ref>{{cite web | title =Adobe Flash Player Version Penetration|author=| publisher = [[Adobe Systems]]| url=http://www.adobe.com/products/player_census/flashplayer/version_penetration.html|accessdate= 2008-12-04 }}</ref> Video zilizopakiwa kwa YouTube kutoka kwa wamiliki maalum wa akaunti zafaa kuwa na urefu wa dakika kumi na faili ya kiasi cha [[GB]] <ref name="10min">{{cite news|url=http://www.searchenginejournal.com/youtube-10-minute-limit-deters-copyrighted-video-uploads/3200/|title=YouTube 10 Minute Limit Deters Copyrighted Video Uploads|date=2006-03-31|first=Loren|last=Baker|publisher=Search Engine Journal|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> 2.<ref>{{cite web|title=YouTube doubles video file size to 2G|author=|publisher=AFP|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5j7PQ2PETQQW2NgOkKsCWcE3gAZqQ|accessdate=2009-07-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090709213659/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5j7PQ2PETQQW2NgOkKsCWcE3gAZqQ|archivedate=2009-07-09}}</ref> Wakati YouTube ilipozinduliwa mwaka wa 2005 kulikuwa na uwezekano wa kupakia video ndefu, lakini upeo wa dakika kumi ulianzishwa Machi 2006 baada ya YouTube kugundua kwamba nyingi ya video zilizozidi urefu huu zilikuwa na maudhui yasiyoruhusiwa ya maonyesho ya televisheni na filamu. <ref>{{cite web | title =YouTube caps video lengths to reduce infringement|author=Fisher, Ken| publisher = [[Ars Technica]]| url=http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060329-6481.html|accessdate= 2008-12-04 }}</ref> <ref name="longer">{{cite web | title =Account Types: Longer videos|author=| publisher = YouTube| url=http://www.google.com/support/youtube/bin/answer.py?answer=71673&ctx=sibling|accessdate= 2008-12-04 }}</ref> Akaunti za ushirika zinaruhusiwa kupakiwa kwa video zenye urefu wa zaidi ya dakika kumi, lakini kwa kukubaliwa na YouTube. <ref>{{cite web| title =How do I upload a video longer than ten minutes?| author =| publisher =YouTube| url =http://help.youtube.com/group/youtube-howto/browse_thread/thread/acb7ce49f5109570/98e13404b0554e5d?lnk=gst&q=| accessdate =200-08-21| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20100612204639/http://help.youtube.com/group/youtube-howto/browse_thread/thread/acb7ce49f5109570/98e13404b0554e5d?lnk=gst&q=| archivedate =2010-06-12}}</ref> YouTube inapokea video zilizopakiwa katika miundo mingi, [[ikiwa pamoja na.]][[WMV,.|[[WMV,.]]]][[AVI,.|[[AVI,.]]]][[MKV,.|[[MKV,.]]]][[MOV]], [[MPEG,.|[[MPEG,.]]]][[MP4]], [[DivX,.|[[DivX,.]]]][[FLV]], [[na.]][[OGG.]] Pia inaruhusu [[3gp]], na kuruhusu video kupakiwa moja kwa moja kutoka kwa [[simu ya mkononi.]] <ref>{{cite web | title =Video Formats: File formats|author=| publisher = YouTube| url=http://www.google.com/support/youtube/bin/answer.py?answer=55744&topic=10526|accessdate= 2008-12-04 }}</ref> === Ubora wa video === YouTube awali ilitoa video katika muundo mmoja tu, lakini sasa ina miundo mikuu mitatu, vilevile muundo wa "simu za mkononi", wa kutazamwa kwenye [[simu za mkononi.]] Muundo asili, sasa una kibali cha "ubora wa wastani", huonyesha video kwa uimarisho wa [[pixel]] 320x240 kwa kutumia [[Spark Sorenson]] Codec, pamoja na [[mono MP3]] audio. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sorensonmedia.com/news/?n=379|title=Market Deamnd for Sorenson Media's Sorenson Spark Video Decoder Expands Sharply|publisher=Sorenson Media|date=2009-06-02|accessdate=2009-07-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090827160021/http://www.sorensonmedia.com/news/?n=379|archivedate=2009-08-27}}</ref> Hii ilikuwa, kwa wakati huo, kiwango cha wastani cha kutazama video kwenye wavuti. Video za "ubora wa juu", zilizoanzishwa Machi 2008, huonyeshwa hadi kwa pixels 864x480 na sauti ya stereo [[AAC]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.youtube.com/blog?entry=W6MpIqdrtIE|title=YouTube Blog - YouTube Videos in High Quality|date=2008-03-24|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref> Muundo huu huwa na umuhimu mkubwa katika kuboresha kiwango cha wastani cha ubora. Mwezi Novemba 2008 [[720p HD]] ya kuwezesha zaidi iliongezwa. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.youtube.com/blog?entry=80oHX7A6Krw|title=Bigger Isn't Always Better... But in This Case, We Believe It Is|work=YouTube Blog|date=2008-11-25|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref> Wakati huo huo, kifaa cha kucheza video cha YouTube kilibadilishwa kutoka kwa [[4:3]] [[kipengele cha uwiano]] hadi kwa [[kiwambo kipana.]] [[16:9]]Video za 720p huwa zinaonyeshwa kwa uimarisho wa pixel 1280x720, uimarisho huu ukiwa umetengenezwa na [[H.264]] video Codec. Pia hili linahusisha stereo audio ikiwa imetengenezwa na AAC. === Utazamaji wa video kwa njia ya 3D === Katika video iliyochapishwa mnamo 21 Julai 2009, <ref>{{cite web|http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ANcspdYh_U|title=YouTube in 3D|publisher=YouTube|date=2009-07-21|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> mhandisi wa plogramu wa YouTube Peter Bradshaw alitangaza kuwa watumiaji wa YouTube sasa wangeweza kupakia video za aina ya [[3D]]. Video hizi zinaweza kutazamwa kwa njia ya kawaida, na miwani huvaliwa na watazamaji ili kupata athari ya 3D. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.physorg.com/news167575864.html|title=YouTube in 3D?|work=Physorg|date=2009-07-23|accessdate=2009-08-03|first=Miranda|last=Marquit}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|url=http://techie-buzz.com/video-tools/youtube-3d-videos.html|title=YouTube 3D Videos|date=2009-07-20|work=Techie Buzz|first=Keith|last=Dsouza|accessdate=2009-08-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302160034/http://techie-buzz.com/video-tools/youtube-3d-videos.html|archivedate=2010-03-02}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thinkdigit.com/Internet/YouTube-adds-a-dimension-3D-goggles-not_3219.html|title=YouTube adds a dimension, 3D goggles not included|date=2009-07-21|accessdate=2009-08-03|work=thinkdigit|first=Kshitij|last=Sobti}}</ref> == Upatikanaji wa matini == Mojawapo ya sifa za YouTube ni uwezo wa watumiaji kutazama video zake katika tovuti nje ya wavuti wake. Kila video ya YouTube huandamana pamoja na kipande cha [[HTML]], ambacho chaweza kutumika kuiweka kwenye ukurasa nje ya tovuti ya YouTube. Utendakazi huu mara nyingi hutumika kuweka video za YouTube katika kurasa [[za mitandao ya kijamii]] na [[blogu]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://youtube.com/sharing|title=Sharing YouTube Videos|author=YouTube|date=|accessdate=2009-01-17}}</ref> YouTube kawaida huwa haitoi kiungo cha kupakua video zake, na hutarajia kuwa huwa zinatazamwa kupitia kwa kusano la tovuti yake. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/t/terms|title=Terms of Use, 6.1|publisher=YouTube|date=|accessdate=2009-02-20}}</ref> Idadi ndogo ya video, kama vile hotuba ya rais [[Barack Obama]], inaweza kupakuliwa kama faili za [[MP4]]. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-17939_109-10144823-2.html|title=(Some) YouTube videos get download option|author=[[CNET]]|date=2009-01-16|accessdate=2009-01-17|archivedate=2012-12-18|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6D0LpnZze?url=http://news.cnet.com/some-youtube-videos-get-download-option/}}</ref> Wavuti mbalimbali za mrengo wa tatu, na vifaa vya matumizi na [[plogramu-jalizi]] za kivinjari huruhusu watumiaji kupakua video za YouTube. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2009/02/---mark-milian.html?cid=149000259|title=YouTube looks out for content owners, disables video ripping|author=Milian, Mark|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=2009-02-19|accessdate=2009-02-21}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2009, YouTube ilitangaza huduma ya majaribio, ya kuruhusu baadhi ya washirika kutoa upakuaji wa video bure au kwa malipo ya ada kwa njia ya [[Google Checkout.]] <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/12/AR2009021203239.html|title=YouTube Hopes To Boost Revenue With Video Downloads|publisher=[[Washington Post]]|date=2009-02-12|accessdate=2009-02-19}}</ref> === Majukwaa === Baadhi ya [[simujanja]] zina uwezo wa kupata video za YouTube, kutegemea mtoaji na mpango wa data. Simu ya YouTube ilizinduliwa mwezi Juni 2007, na hutumia [[RTSP]] ili kutazama video. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.youtube.com/|title=YouTube Mobile}}</ref> Si video zote za YouTube zinazopatikana kwenye muundo wa tovuti ya simu. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://googlesystem.blogspot.com/2007/06/mobile-youtube.html|title=Mobile YouTube|author=Google Operating System|date=2007-06-15|accessdate=2009-01-17}}</ref> Tangu Juni 2007,video za YouTube huwa zinapatikana kwa ajili ya kutazamwa katika bidhaa mbalimbali za [[Apple]]. Hii ilihitaji matini ya YouTube kubadilishwa hadi katika kiwango wastani kinachopendelewa cha Apple, [[H.264]], mchakato uliochukua miezi kadhaa. Video za YouTube huweza kutazamwa kwa kutumia vifaa vikiwemo [[Apple TV]] na [[iPhone.]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2007/06/20youtube.html|title=YouTube Live on Apple TV Today; Coming to iPhone on June 29|publisher=[[Apple Inc.|Apple]]|date=2007-06-20|accessdate=2009-01-17}}</ref> Huduma ya [[TiVo]]iliyoboreshwa mnamo Julai 2008 iliruhusu mfumo huu kutafuta na kucheza video za YouTube. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://gizmodo.com/5026092/tivo-getting-youtube-streaming-today|title=TiVo Getting YouTube Streaming TODAY|publisher=[[Gizmodo]]|date=2007-07-17|accessdate=2009-02-17|archivedate=2012-10-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012130604/http://gizmodo.com/5026092/tivo-getting-youtube-streaming-today}}</ref> Mnamo Januari 2009, YouTube ilizindua "YouTube ya TV", na ni toleo la tovuti ya inayolenga mfumo wa set-top boxes na vyombo vingine vya habari vinavyohusu vifaa vya TV vyenye vivinjari, mwanzo, zikiruhusu video zake kutazamwa katika [[PlayStation 3]] na [[Wii video game console]] s. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2009/01/youtube-wii-ps3.html|title=YouTube video comes to Wii and PlayStation 3 game consoles|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=2009-01-15|accessdate=2009-01-17}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web | title=Coming Up Next... YouTube on Your TV | url=http://www.youtube.com/blog?entry=sDFlZe7FwJI | publisher=YouTube Blog | date=2009-01-15 | accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> Mwezi Juni 2009, YouTube XL ilitolewa, ambayo ina kusano iliyorahisishwa, iliyoundwa kwa ajili ya kutazama kwenye televisheni yenye kiwamgo cha wastani. <ref>{{cite web | title=Experience YouTube XL on the Big Screen| url=http://www.youtube.com/blog?entry=ByKmsHdhra8| work=YouTube Blog | publisher=YouTube | date=2009-06-02 | accessdate=2009-06-20}}</ref> == Ujanibishaji == 19 Juni 2007, [[Msimamizi mkuu wa Google Eric E. Schmidt]] alikuwa mjini [[Paris]] kuzindua mfumo mpya wa [[ujanibishaji.]] <ref name="local"/> Kusano zima la tovuti hii sasa linapatikana kwa mifumo iliyo fanyiwa ujanibishaji katika nchi 22: {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! URL ! Lugha: ! Tarehe ya Uzinduzi |- | {{AUS}} | <code>au.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiingereza (Australia)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Oktoba|22}}<ref name="AUS-NZ">{{cite news|first=Kristen|last=Nicole|url=http://mashable.com/2007/10/22/youtube-australia-new-zealand/|title=YouTube Launches in Australia & New Zealand|publisher=[[Mashable]]|date=2007-10-22|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> |- | {{BRA}} | <code>br.youtube.com</code> | [[Kireno (Brazil)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |- | {{CAN}} | <code>ca.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiingereza (Kanada)]] na [[Kifaransa (Kanada)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Novemba|6}}<ref>{{cite news|first=Kristen|last=Nicole|url=http://mashable.com/2007/11/06/youtube-canada/|title=YouTube Canada Now Live|date=2007-11-06|publisher=[[Mashable]]|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> |- | {{CZE}} | <code>cz.youtube.com</code> | [[Kicheki]] | {{dts|link=off|2008|Oktoba|9}}<ref>{{cite news|first=Petr|last=Bokuvka|url=http://czechdaily.wordpress.com/2008/10/12/czech-version-of-youtube-launched-and-its-crap-it-sucks/|title=Czech version of YouTube launched. And it’s crap. It sucks.|work=The Czech Daily Word|publisher=Wordpress.com|date=2008-10-12|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> |- | {{FRA}} | <code>fr.youtube.com</code> | [[Kifaransa]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local">{{cite news|first=Peter|last=Sayer|url=http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/news/index.cfm?NewsID=9772|title=Google launches YouTube France News|publisher=PC Advisor|date=2007-06-19|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> |- | {{GER}} | <code>de.youtube.com</code> | [[Kijerumani]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Novemba|8}}<ref>{{cite news|first=Adam|last=Ostrow|url=http://mashable.com/2007/11/08/youtube-germany/|title=YouTube Germany Launches|publisher=[[Mashable]]|date=2007-11-08|accessdate=2009-08-03}}</ref> |- | {{HKG}} | <code>hk.youtube.com</code> | [[Kichina (cha Kiasili)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Oktoba|17}}<ref name="chita.us">{{cite web|url=http://chita.us/community/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=1294|title=Chita • 檢視主題 - YouTube 台灣版推出|accessdate=2009-12-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205151456/http://chita.us/community/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=1294|archivedate=2008-12-05}}</ref> |- | {{ISR}} | <code>il.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiingereza]] | {{dts|link=off|2008|Septemba|16}} |- | {{IND}} | <code>in.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiingereza (Uhindi)]] na [[Kihindi]] | {{dts|link=off|2008|Mei|7}}<ref>{{cite news|first=Sandeep|last=Joshi|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/05/08/stories/2008050857242200.htm|title=YouTube now has an Indian incarnation|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=2008-05-08|accessdate=2009-08-03|archivedate=2013-11-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131128004152/http://www.hindu.com/2008/05/08/stories/2008050857242200.htm}}</ref> |- | {{IRL}} | <code>ie.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiingereza (Ayalandi)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |- | {{ITA}} | <code>it.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiitaliano]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |- | {{JPN}} | <code>jp.youtube.com</code> | [[Kijapani]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |- | {{KOR}} | <code>kr.youtube.com</code> | [[Kikorea]] | {{dts|link=off|2008|Januari|23}} |- | {{MEX}} | <code>mx.youtube.com</code> | [[Kihispania (Mexico)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Oktoba|10}} |- | {{NLD}} | <code>nl.youtube.com</code> | [[Kidachi]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |- | {{NZL}} | <code>nz.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiingereza (Nyuzilandi)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Oktoba|22}}<ref name="AUS-NZ"/> |- | {{POL}} | <code>pl.youtube.com</code> | [[kipolandi]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |- | {{RUS}} | <code>ru.youtube.com</code> | [[Kirusi]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Novemba|13}} |- | {{ESP}} | <code>es.youtube.com</code> | [[Kihispania]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |- | {{SWE}} | <code>se.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiswidi]] | {{dts|link=off|2008|Oktoba|22}} |- | {{ROC-TW}} | <code>tw.youtube.com</code> | [[Kichina (cha Kiasili)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Oktoba|18}}<ref name="chita.us"/> |- | {{UK}} | <code>uk.youtube.com</code> | [[Kiingereza (Uingereza)]] | {{dts|link=off|2007|Juni|19}}<ref name="local"/> |} Hivi karibuni imeanzishwa Youtube kwa lugha ya [[Kiswahili]]. Kusano la YouTube hupendekeza mfumo ambao unapaswa kuchaguliwa kwa kuzingatia [[anwani ya IP]] ya mtumiaji. Katika baadhi ya matukio, ujumbe "Video hii haipatikani katika nchi yako" waweza kuonekana kutokana na vikwazo vya hakimiliki au maudhui yasiyofaa. <ref>{{cite web| title = Learn More: Video not available in my country|author=|publisher = YouTube Help| url = http://www.google.com/support/youtube/bin/answer.py?hl=en-uk&answer=92571|date=|accessdate= 2009-08-04}}</ref> Mipango ya YouTube ya kuunda toleo huko [[Uturuki]] imepatwa na matatizo, tangu mamlaka ya Kituruki ilipoihitaji YouTube kuanzisha ofisi huko Uturuki, ambayo ingekuwa chini ya sheria za Kituruki. YouTube anasema kwamba haina nia ya kufanya hivyo, na kwamba video zake haziko chini ya sheria za Kituruki. Mamlaka ya Kituruki yameonyesha wasiwasi kuwa YouTube imetumika kupakia video zenye matusi kwa [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] na baadhi ya nyenzo zake ni zakukera kwa [[Waislamu]] <ref>{{cite news| title = Long-standing YouTube ban lifted only for several hours| author = | publisher = Today's Zaman| url = http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=145219&bolum=101| date = 2008-06-19| accessdate = 2008-07-10| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090604021143/http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=145219&bolum=101| archivedate = 2009-06-04}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news| title =Turks censor YouTube censorship|author=Danforth, Nick| publisher = [[San Francisco Chronicle]]| url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/07/30/ED68191LKM.DTL|date=2009-07-31|accessdate= 2009-08-04}}</ref> Mwezi Machi 2009, mabishano kati ya YouTube na wakala wa ukusanyaji wa asilimia ya mapato ya muziki[[]] Uingereza [[]] [[PRSP]] walisababisha video za premia kuzibwa kwa watumiaji wa YouTube nchini [[Uingereza.]] Kuondolewa kwa video zilizopakiwa na makampuni makubwa ya kurekodi kulitokea baada ya kushindwa kufikia makubaliano juu ya mpango wa leseni. Mgogoro huu ulitatuliwa Septemba 2009. <ref>{{cite news| title = Music videos back on YouTube in multi-million pound PRS deal|author=Barnett, Emma|publisher = [[Daily Telegraph]]| url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/6127624/Music-videos-back-on-YouTube-in-multi-million-pound-PRS-deal.html|date=2009-09-03|accessdate= 2009-09-03}}</ref> Mwezi Aprili 2009, mzozo kama huo ulisababisha kuondolewa kwa video za nyimbo zenye kulipiwa kwa watumiaji kutoka [[Ujerumani.]] <ref>{{cite news| title = Now YouTube stops the music in Germany|author=|publisher = [[The Guardian]]| url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/pda/2009/apr/01/youtube-digital-music-and-audio|date=2009-04-01|accessdate= 2009-04-02}}</ref> == Angalia pia == * [[Vyombo vya habari mbadala]] * [[Orodha ya ishara za wavuti]] * [[Orodha ya watu mashuhuri wa YouTube]] * [[Tuzo za YouTube]] == Marejeo == {{Marejeo|2}} == Kusoma zaidi == * Lacy, Sarah: ''The Stories of Facebook, YouTube and MySpace: The People, Hype and Deals behind Giants of web the 2,0'' (2008) ISBN 978-1-85458-453-3 == Viungo vya nje == {{Sisterlinks}} * [http://www.youtube.com/ YouTube] * [http://m.youtube.com YouTube mobile site] {{YouTube navigation}} {{Google Inc.}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Youtube}} [[Jamii:kampuni za intaneti]] [[Jamii:YouTube]] [[Jamii:Kampuni zenye msingi katika San Mateo County, California]] [[Jamii:Google]] [[Jamii:kampuni za Marekani]] 2w2qlksovyh1x84t2u8hicp6of59yux Ingvar Kamprad 0 34521 1543976 1391440 2026-05-15T22:19:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Celebrity | jina = Ingvar Kamprad | picha = Ingvar Kamprad (cropped).jpg | maandishi ya picha = Ingvar Kamprad akiongelesha kundi la wanafunzi katika chuo kikuu cha Växjö University (23 Machi 2004). | siku ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1926|03|30}} | pahala pa kuzaliwa = [[Älmhult Municipality|Älmhult]], [[Kronoberg County]] | kazi = Mfanyibiashara | salary = | thamani = [[United States dollar|US$]]'''22 billion'''<ref name="forbes">{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/10/billionaires-2009-richest-people_Ingvar-Kamprad-family_BWQ7.html|title=The World's Billionaires 2009 – #5 Ingvar Kamprad|publisher=[[Forbes]]|date=2009-03-11|accessdate=2009-03-11}}</ref> | spouse = | children = | website = |signature=Ingvar Kamprad Signature.svg|image=Ingvar Kamprad (cropped).jpg}} {{Persondata | name=Kamprad, Ingvar | alternative names=Kamprad, Ingvar Feodor | short description=Entrepreneur | date of birth=30 Machi 1926 | place of birth=[[Älmtaryd]], [[Sweden]] | date of death=27 Januari 2018 | place of death= }} '''Feodor Ingvar Kamprad''' ([[30 Machi]] [[1926]] - [[27 Januari]] [[2018]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] wa [[Uswidi]], mwasisi wa kampuni ya kurembesha nyumba ya '''IKEA'''. Katika 2009 alikuwa ndiye tajiri zaidi Ulaya na wa tano tajiri zaidi duniani, kulingana na gazeti la ''[[Forbes]]'', kwa wastani wa thamani ya karibu [[dola]] bilioni 22 <ref name="forbes" /> == Maisha ya Awali == Ingvar Kamprad alizaliwa Pjätteryd katika [[Manispaa]] ya [[Älmhult]] alikulia katika shamba iitwayo Elmtaryd (sasa huandikwa ''Älmtaryd'' ), karibu na kijiji kidogo cha [[Agunnaryd]] katika Manispaa ya [[Ljungby]] katika jimbo la [[Småland]], [[Sweden]]. ==Kazi== Kamprad alianza kuendeleza biashara kama kijana, akiuza [[viberiti]] kwa majirani akitumia [[baiskeli]] yake. Akakuta kwamba angeweza kununua viberiti kwa wingi sana kutoka [[Stockholm]] kwa bei ya chini sana, na kuviuza kwa bei ya chini na bado kutengeneza faida nzuri Kutoka viberiti, alipanua biashara yake kwa kuuza [[samaki]], marembesho ya miti ya krismasi, mbegu , na baadaye s [[kalamu za ballpoint]] na [[penseli]] . Alipokuuwa na miaka 17, baba yake alimpa fedha kama zawadi kwa kupita masomo yake.<ref>Ingvar Kamprad: Mwanzilishi wa IKEA na Mmoja wa watu tajiri zaidi Duniani [http://entrepreneurs.about.com/cs/famousentrepreneur/p/ingvarkamprad.htm (wafanyibiashara About.com] {{Wayback|url=http://entrepreneurs.about.com/cs/famousentrepreneur/p/ingvarkamprad.htm |date=20120303014700 }})</ref> Alitumia pesa hizi kuanzisha iliyo sasa, IKEA. IKEA ni jina la kifupi linaloundwa na mianzo ya jina lake ('''I''' ngvar '''K''' amprad) plus yale ya '''E''' lmtaryd, shamba la falimia alikozaliwa, na kijiji jirani '''A''' gunnaryd. Kamprad alikiri kwamba ugonjwa wa [[dyslexia]] ulicheza sehemu kubwa katika utendaji kazi ndani ya kampuni. Kwa mfano, majina yaliyo na sauti ya uswidi ya samani iliyouzwa na IKEA awali yalikuwa yamechaguliwa na Kamprad kwa sababu alikuwa na ugumu wakukumbuka vitengo vya namba vya kuhifadhia hisa. Kamprad ameishi katika mji wa [[Epalinges]], [[Uswisi]] tangu 1976. Kulingana na mahojiano na TSR, Televisheni ya Uswisi iliyo na lugha ya kifaransa, Kamprad huendesha [[Volvo]] ya miaka 15, hutumia daraja la Economy anapopanda ndege na anahamasisha wafanyakazi wa IKEA kuandika pande zote ya karatasi.<ref> {{Toter Link | date= 2017-05-19 | url=http://www.nzz.ch/2006/03/27/eng/article6579085.html | text="Bei ya chini ni njema, anasema tajiri wa samani"}} NZZ Online, 27 Machi 2006</ref> Pia, Kamprad hutembelea IKEA kupata chakula cha bei ya chini. Yeye pia hujulikana kwa kununua makaratasi na zawadi za krismasi katika promotion za baada ya krismasi. Hata kama kutopenda kutumia pesa kwa Kamprad kunajulikana vizuri, pia ni sehemu muhimu picha iliyotunzwa vizuri kwa makini picha ya wafanyakazi wa IKEA na umma. Yeye huwa hataji mara nyingi kwamba yeye anamiliki nyumba ya kifahari katika sehemu ya Uswisi ya matajiri, ardhi kubwa ya mashambani huko uswidi, na [[mizabibu]] katika eneo la [[Provence]], [[Ufaransa]], au kwamba aliendesha gari la [[Porsche]] kwa miaka kadhaa.<ref>[http://www.expressen.se/index.jsp?a=174191 Ikea-Kamprads lyxvillor,] Expressen, 22 Agosti 2004</ref><ref>[http://di.se/Nyheter/?page=%2fAvdelningar%2fArtikel.aspx%3fO%3dIndex%26ArticleId%3d2006%5c03%5c29%5c181779 Folkhemsmöbleraren 80 år,] Dagens Industri, 29 Machi 2006</ref><ref>[http://www.dn.se/DNet/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=678&amp;previousRenderType=5&amp;d=678&amp;a=300679 Lyxhusen som vill tala Kamprad om tyst,] Dagens Nyheter, 19 Agosti 2004</ref> Alipokuwa akifanya kazi ya kutengeneza samani huko Poland, alipenda kunywa pombe sana lakini sasa amesema kuwa unywaji pombe wake uko chini ya udhibiti. == Thamani ya jumla == Kulingana na gazeti la biashara la Uswidi ka kila wiki, ''[[Veckans Affärer]]'' ,<ref>[http://money.cnn.com/2004/04/06/news/newsmakers/worldswealthiestupdate/ "Nani tajiri zaidi duniani wa kweli?"] {{Wayback|url=http://money.cnn.com/2004/04/06/news/newsmakers/worldswealthiestupdate/ |date=20230616040517 }} CNNMoney.com, 6 Aprili 2004</ref> yeye ndiye tajiri zaidi duniani. Ripoti hii ina msingi katika dhana kwamba Kamprad anamiliki kampuni yote, msingi ambao IKEA na familia yake inakataa. Kamprad binafsi anamiliki kidogo katika kampuni, baada ya kuhamishwa kwa maslahi yake kwa [[Stichting INGKA Foundation]] na [[INGKA Holding]] kama sehemu ya mpango tata wa kutolipa kodi ambao huacha udhibiti wake usijulikane hasa.<ref name="flatpack">{{cite web|url=http://www.economist.com/business/displaystory.cfm?story_id=6919139|title=IKEA: Flat-pack accounting| accessdate=2007-01-02 | publisher=The Economist}}</ref> Mwezi Machi 2005, thamani inayoshuka ya [[dola ya Marekani]] ilimweka Kamprad kama mtu tajiri zaidi duniani katika ripoti nyingine. Mwezi Machi 2009, Forbes magazine ilikadiriwa thamani yake kama bilioni US $ 22 ,likimfanya mtu wa tano tajiri zaidi duniani. == Stichting INGKA Foundation == Kampuni iliyosajiliwa kiholanzi ya ushonaji ya INGKA Foundation imepewa jina baada ya Kamprad na inamiliki INGKA Holding, kampuni-mzazi ya duka zote za IKEA. Kampuni hii ya msaada iliripotiwa na gazeti la biashara la ''[[The Economist]]'' Mei 2006 kuwa tajiri zaidi duniani - kwa wastani wa thamani ya angalau US $ 36 bilioni mwaka 2006 (kubwa kuliko [[Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation]]) - lakini lengo lake la msingi linaaminika na kadhaa kuwa kuhepa kulipa ushuru na kukinga IKEA isinyakuliwe. Kamprad ni mwenyekiti wa Kampuni hii. == Kazi nyingine == Hata kama kwa ujumla alikuwa mtu wa kibinafsi, amechapisha vitabu kadhaa mashuhuri. Aliandika kuhusu kina dhana ya IKEA ya kutotumia pesa nyingi na shauku katika kitabu, ''A Testament of a Furniture Dealer'' . Kilichoandikwa mwaka 1976, tangu kimechukuliwa kama itikadi ya msingi ya dhana ya samani ya rejareja ya IKEA . Alifanya kazi pia na mwandishi wa habari mswisi Bertil Torekull kwenye kitabu ''Leading by Design: The IKEA Story'' . Katika kitabu hiki, anaeleza zaidi kuhusu falsafa yake na majaribio na ushindi katika uanzilishi wa IKEA.<ref> Kamprad, Ingvar na Torekull, Bertil ''Leading By Design: The Story IKEA'' Harper Collins, Sept.1, 1999. ISBN 978-0066620381</ref> == Kuhusika katika Nazi == Mwaka 1994, barua binafsi za mwanaharakati mswisi [[Per Engdahl]] yalitolewa kwa umma baada ya kifo chake, na ilibainiwa kuwa Kamprad alijiunga na muungano wa Engdahl wa [[pro-Nazi New Swedish Movement]] mwaka 1942. Kamprad alikusanya fedha na kuwaingiza wengine katika kundi hili hado mwezi Septemba 1945. Wakati Kamprad aliachana na kikundi haujulikani, lakini alisalia marafiki na Engdahl hadi mapema 1950. Tangu ufunuo kwa umma, Kamprad amesema kuwa yeye anjuta sehemu hiyo ya maisha yake, akiuita "kosa kubwa" na yeye hatimaye aliandika barua ya kuomba msamaha kwa wafanyakazi wote wa IKEA [[Wayahudi]] . == Marejeo == {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == *[http://entrepreneurs.about.com/cs/famousentrepreneur/p/ingvarkamprad.htm Ingvar Kamprad: Mwanzilishi wa IKEA na Mmoja wa watu tajiri zaidi Duniani] {{Wayback|url=http://entrepreneurs.about.com/cs/famousentrepreneur/p/ingvarkamprad.htm |date=20120303014700 }} [[(wafanyibiashara About.com]]) *[http://www.forbes.com/finance/lists/10/2004/LIR.jhtml?passListId=10&amp;passYear=2004&amp;passListType=Person&amp;uniqueId=BWQ7&amp;datatype=Person Forbes.com: Watu tajiri zaidi duniani wa Forbe's.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.forbes.com/finance/lists/10/2004/LIR.jhtml?passListId=10&passYear=2004&passListType=Person&uniqueId=BWQ7&datatype=Person |date=20120721012521 }} *[http://www.myviplife.com/lifestories/vipbusiness/Ingvar_Kamprad_wa.php?c=10 Ingvar Kamprad's Timeline] {{Wayback|url=http://www.myviplife.com/lifestories/vipbusiness/Ingvar_Kamprad_wa.php?c=10 |date=20070927043211 }} [http://www.myviplife.com/lifestories/vipbusiness/Ingvar_Kamprad_ch.php?c=10 na Quotes] {{Wayback|url=http://www.myviplife.com/lifestories/vipbusiness/Ingvar_Kamprad_ch.php?c=10 |date=20070927043134 }} *[http://www.thelocal.se/5962/20070102/ Mitaa - Introducing Ingvar Kamprad] (ujumbe mdogo unaochekesha) {{DEFAULTSORT:Kamprad, Ingvar}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Uswidi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] 746merh3gqhp59galqm5d4e5bzoxlxk Hydrox 0 35956 1543970 1270448 2026-05-15T22:03:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543970 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Hydroxlarge.jpg|thumb|300px|right| Kuki za Hydrox<br> '''Zilianza kutayarishwa:''' [[1908]] <br> '''Kampuni:''' Kellog's]] [[File:Hydrox100 jeh.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Pakiti ya Hydrox iliyonunuliwa katika duka jijini [[New York]] katika mwezi wa Oktoba 2008]] '''Hydrox''' ni aina ya kuki iliyojazwa chokoleti ambayo ilianzishwa katika mwaka wa [[1908]] na ikatayarishwa na Kampuni ya [[Sunshine Biscuits]]. Jina lake la ''Hydrox'' linatokana na vipengele vya atomu vinavyounda maji: hasa [[haidrojeni]] na [[oksijeni]]. Baadhi ya ripoti kadhaa ,inasemekana kuwa [[Oreo]] ,iliyoanzishwa baadaye katika mwaka wa [[1912]], ilikuwa imeundwa ikiiga mfano wa Hydrox. Ingawaje, Hydrox imeshambuliwa na wengi kuwa bidhaa hii ilikuwa ikiiga Oreo. Ikilinganishwa na Oreo, kuki ya Hydrox ilikuwa inaonja "tamu kidogo" na ilikuwa ngumu na bora kuliwa na maziwa. ==Uzalishaji== Sunshine Biscuits ilinunuliwa na kampuni ya [[Keebler]] katika mwaka wa [[1996]] na katika mwaka wa [[1999]] ,Keebler ilibadilisha Hydrox na kuki zinazofanana na hizo mpya zilizoitwa Droxies. Keebler ilinunuliwa , baadaye, na kampuni ya Kellog's katika mwaka wa 2001. Kellog's ilitoa bidhaa za aina ya Droxies kutoka kwenye soko katika mwaka wa 2003. Kellog's ,hivi sasa, inauza kuki za chokoleti chini ya jina la ''Famous Amos''. Mashabiki kadhaa wa Hydrox ya hapo awali hushuku kuwa hizi ni ni kuki za Hydrox zinazoanzishwa tena huku wengine wakitafuta furaha kwa kuki zingine kama za Newman-O's na zingine mbalimbali. Kampuni ya Kellog's husema upishi wa Hydrox ni wa kipekee usiojulikana na kampuni zingine. Katika mwaka wa mia wa kuki hizi, Kellog's ilianzisha tena usambazaji wa Hydrox chini ya jina la Sunshine. Bidhaa za kwanza zilianza kusambazwa katika mwisho wa mwezi wa Agosti 2008. Mashabiki wa Hydrox waliisumbua kampuni ya Kellog's huku maelfu wakipiga simu na kuandika ombi la kutaka kuki hizo zitayarishwe tena. Upishi wa Hydrox mpya ulibadilishwa kidogo kutoka ile ya zamani; walitoa mafuta ya aina ya ''trans-fats'' kutoka matumizi katika upishi. Kuki hizo zilikuwa zinafaa kupatikana katika taifa zima kwa muda mfupi lakini baada ya muda chini wa mwaka mmoja Kellog's ilitoa Hydrox kutoka tovuti yao. Kampuni ya Carvel ya kuunda vyakula vya aina ya ''ice cream'' huuza ''ice cream'' zilizotayarishwa na makombo ya kuki za "Hydrox". Carvel inatumia hali ya kuki hizo ya ''all-kosher'' kama mbinu ya kuongeza mauzo kama vile Oreo ya hapo awali ilitumia mafuta ya nguruwe. Kuki hizi hazitajwi kwa jina katika tovuti ya Carvel lakini katika mabango yake yaliyowekwa ndani ya maduka kuki hizo zimeandikwa kama kuki za hydrox (jina likiwa na "h" ndogo). ==Marejeo== # Paul Lukas (15 Machi 1999). [http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1999/03/15/256478/index.htm "Oreos to Hydrox: Resistance Is Futile".] {{Wayback|url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1999/03/15/256478/index.htm |date=20090527151419 }} ''Fortune''. # Christopher Rhoads (19 Januari 2008). [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120069573721101481.html "The Hydrox Cookie Is Dead, and Fans Won't Get Over It".] ''The Wall Street Journal.'' # Christopher Rhoads (28 Mei 2008). [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121193695783324733.html "Hydrox Redux: Cookie Duels Oreo, Again".] ''The Wall Street Journal.'' # [http://www.carvel.com/ Carvel] ==Viungo vya nje== *[http://www.spacefem.com/hydrox Ukurasa wa Hydrox Cookie] {{Wayback|url=http://www.spacefem.com/hydrox |date=20100125031104 }} *[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121193695783324733.html?mod=googlenews_wsj Hydrox Redux: Cookie Duels Oreo, Again] *[http://www.carvel.com/ Carvel] {{Kellogg's}} [[Category:Bidhaa za Kellogg]] nnrt47ufrnrj55sskk8uizyqkdyx1y3 Deutsche Lufthansa 0 35993 1543898 1510877 2026-05-15T19:11:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox airline |airline = Lufthansa |logo = Lufthansa Logo.svg |logo_size = 250 |IATA = LH |ICAO = DLH |callsign = LUFTHANSA |parent = |founded = 1926 (as Deutsche Luft Hansa Aktiengesellschaft), refounded 1954 |picture = [[Datei:Lufthansa B747-400 D-ABTD FRA.jpg|250px|Boeing 747-400 D-ABTD "Hamburg" der Lufthansa]] |headquarters = Lufthansa Aviation Center Airportring, [[Frankfurt am Main]], [[Hesse]], [[Ujerumani]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| title=Airline Membership| work=IATA| url=http://www.iata.org/membership/Pages/airline_members_list.aspx?All=true| accessdate=2010-08-14| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711071646/http://www.iata.org/membership/Pages/airline_members_list.aspx?All=true| archivedate=2015-07-11}}</ref> |key_people = <div> * Jürgen Weber (Head of Supervisory Board) * [[Wolfgang Mayrhuber]] ([[CEO]]) </div> |destinations = 202 |number_of_employees = 108.123 |revenue = €24.9 billion (US$33.9 billion) |total_assets = €22.408 billion |passengers<small>2009</small> = 76,5 million |company_slogan = ''There's no better way to fly'' |website = [http://www.lufthansa.com www.lufthansa.com] |hubs = [[Frankfurt Airport|Frankfurt]] [[Munich Airport|Munich]], [[Düsseldorf Airport|Düsseldorf]] <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lufthansa.com/online/portal/lh/il/info_and_services/at_the_airport?nodeid=1771230&l=en&cid=1000266 |title=Our hubs in Frankfurt, Munich, Dusseldorf and Zurich |publisher=Lufthansa |date=2007-02-16 |accessdate=2010-06-06 |archivedate=2009-12-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091206120434/http://www.lufthansa.com/online/portal/lh/il/info_and_services/at_the_airport?nodeid=1771230&l=en&cid=1000266 }}</ref> |frequent_flyer = [[Miles & More]] |lounge = HON / Senator Lounge |alliance = [[Star Alliance]] |subsidiaries = [[Lufthansa Cargo]], [[Lufthansa CityLine]], [[Lufthansa Italia]], [[Lufthansa Regional]], [[Lufthansa Technik]] |fleet_size = 274 (+ 73 orders) <small>excl. subsidiaries</small> 746 (+ 156 orders) <small>inc. subsidiaries excl. shares</small> }} [[Picha:Lufthansa headquarter Cologne.jpg|thumb|left|Ofisi ya zamani ya Lufthansa mjini [[Cologne]], Ujerumani]] '''Deutsche Lufthansa''' ni shirika ya ndege kubwa zaidi kwenye bara [[Ulaya]], kulingana na jumla ya wasafiriwa inabeba. Ni ndege kuu nchini [[Ujerumani]]. Jina la kampuni hili linatokana na ''Luft'' (neno la Kijerumani linalomaanisha "hewa") na ''Hansa'' (baada ya "[[Hanse]]" iliyokuwa ushirikiano mashuhuri wa wafanyabiashara thabiti). Ofisi kuu ipo mjini [[Cologne]], na makao makuu ya ndege zake ni kwenye uwanja wa ndege wa [[Frankfurt am Main]], na makao yake mingine ni uwanja wa ndege wa [[Munich]].<ref>"[http://konzern.lufthansa.com/en/html/service/impressum/ Imprint] {{Wayback|url=http://konzern.lufthansa.com/en/html/service/impressum/ |date=20091105225941 }}." Lufthansa. Retrieved on 25 Agosti 2009.</ref><ref>"[http://investor-relations.lufthansa.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/annual%20meeting/LH-AGM-2004-agenda.pdf We hereby invite our shareholders to attend the 51st Annual General Meeting] {{Wayback|url=http://investor-relations.lufthansa.com/fileadmin/downloads/en/annual%20meeting/LH-AGM-2004-agenda.pdf |date=20120424051752 }}." Lufthansa. Retrieved on 25 Agosti 2009.</ref> Lufthansa ndio mwanachama mwanzishi wa ''Star Alliance''. ''Star Alliance'' ilianzishwa mnamo 1997 pamoja na [[Thai Airways]], [[United Airlines]], [[Air Canada]], na [[Scandinavian Airlines]]. Lufthansa inahudumu zaidi ya ndege 500 na imewaajiri watu 105,261 kote duniani (31 Desemba 2007). Mnamo 2008, wasafiriwa milioni 70.5 walisafiria kwa kutumia Lufthansa. ==Shirika== Lufthansa inamiliki au ina shirika na kampuni kadhaa: * ''Air Dolomiti'', ambayo ni ndege iliyo na makao yake mjini [[Ronchi dei Legionari]], Italy, inamilikiwa na Lufthansa. * ''Austrian Airlines'', ndege ya kitaifa nchini Austria, iliyo na makao yakw mjini [[Schwechat]], [[Austria]]. * ''BMI (airline)'', ambayo ni ndege nchini Uingereza inayomilikiwa na Lufthansa. * ''Brussels Airlines'', mnamo 1 Julai 2009, Lufthansa ilinunua hisa za '''45%''' na ina azma ya kununua 55% iliyobaki mnamo 2011. * ''Eurowings'', ambayo Lufthansa wamenunua '''45%''' ya hisa zake. * ''Germanwings'', inamilikiwa kikamili na Lufthansa. * ''JetBlue'' - ambayo Lufthansa wana 19% ya hisa zake.<ref>[http://money.cnn.com/news/newsfeeds/articles/primenewswire/133023.htm CNN.com]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * ''Lufthansa Cargo'', kampuni inayomilikiwa kikamili na Lufthansa. ==Ndege zake== [[Picha:lufthansa a319-100 d-ailu manchester arp.jpg|thumb|Ndege aina ya [[Airbus A319-100]]]] [[Picha:lufthansa.a320-200.d-aipa.arp.jpg|thumb|right|Ndege aina ya [[Airbus A320]]]] [[Picha:Lufthansa B737-530 (D-ABJF) landing at London Heathrow Airport.jpg|thumb|right|Ndege aina ya [[Boeing 737 Classic|Boeing 737-500]]]] <center> {| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse" |+ '''Lufthansa Fleet<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://konzern.lufthansa.com/en/html/ueber_uns/flotte/index.html |title=Lufthansa-Fleet |accessdate=2010-01-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091011154051/http://konzern.lufthansa.com/en/html/ueber_uns/flotte/index.html |archivedate=2009-10-11 }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.ch-aviation.ch/aircraft.php?search=set&airline=LH&al_op=1 |title=Lufthansa fleet list at ch-aviation.ch. Retrieved 2009-12-27. |accessdate=2010-01-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206194326/http://www.ch-aviation.ch/aircraft.php?search=set&airline=LH&al_op=1 |archivedate=2007-02-06 }}</ref>''' |- bgcolor=darkblue !<font color=yellow>Aina ya ndege !<font color=yellow>Namba !<font color=yellow>Oda !<font color=yellow>Chaguo !<font color=yellow>Wasafiriwa !<font color=yellow>Maelezo |- |''Airbus A319-100'' |26 |9 |0 |126 (0/24/102) | |- |''Airbus A320-200'' |37 |13 |0 |146 (0/32/114) | |- |''Airbus A321-100'' |20 |0 |0 |186 (0/31/155) | |- |''Airbus A321-200'' |22 |21 |0 |186 (0/31/155) | |- |''Airbus A330-300'' |15 |0 |0 |221 (8/48/165) | |- |''Airbus A340-300'' |26 |0 |0 |266 (0/44/222)<br>221 (8/48/165) |ndege moja ilifanya kazi kwa [[Luftwaffe]] |- |''Airbus A340-600'' |24 |0 |0 |345 (0/66/279)<br>306 (8/60/238) |ndege moja imewekwa kando |- |''Airbus A380-800'' |0 |15 |10 |526 (8/98/420) | |- |''Boeing 737-300'' |33 |0 |0 |124 (0/18/106) | |- |''Boeing 737-500'' |30 |0 |0 |108 (0/18/90) | |- |''Boeing 747-400'' |30 |0 |0 |330 (16/80/234) |ndege moja imewekwa kando |- |''Boeing 747-8I'' |0 |20 |20 | | |- |''Embraer 170'' |1 |0 |0 |100 (0/0/100) |ilitumiwa na [[Cirrus Airlines]] |- !Jumla !262 !80 !30 ! |colspan="2"| |} </center> ==Ndani ya ndege== [[Picha:Lufthansa 747 Business Class.jpg|thumb|Ndani ya Lufthansa Boeing 747-400 Business Class]] [[Picha:Lufthansa A340-600 Economy.JPG|thumb|Ndani ya Lufthansa Airbus A340-600 Economy Class]] ===Intercontinental=== '''First Class:''' Lufthansa First Class ipo kwenye ndege ya Boeing 747, Airbus A330 na A340. Kila kiti hugeuka kuwa kitanda cha mita mbili, na kuna vifaa vya burudani. Vyakula pia hutolewa. '''Business Class:''' Kila kiti hugeuka na kuwa kitanda cha mita mbili. Pia, kuna viburudisho. '''Economy Class:''' Wasafiriwa hupata vyakula na vinywaji vya bure. ==Miji inayosafiria== ==[[Afrika]]== ===[[Afrika Kaskazini]]=== *'''[[Algeria]]''' **[[Algiers]] - ''Houari Boumedienne Airport'' *'''[[Egypt]]''' **[[Cairo]] - ''Cairo International Airport'' *'''[[Libya]]''' **[[Tripoli]] - ''Tripoli International Airport'' *'''[[Morocco]]''' **[[Casablanca]] - ''Mohammed V International Airport'' *'''[[Sudan]]''' **[[Khartoum]] - ''Khartoum International Airport'' *'''[[Tunisia]]''' **[[Tunis]] - ''Tunis-Carthage International Airport'' ===[[Afrika ya Kati]]=== *'''[[Angola]]''' **[[Luanda]] - ''Quatro de Fevereiro Airport'' *'''[[Equatorial Guinea]]''' **[[Malabo]] - ''Malabo International Airport'' *'''[[Gabon]]''' **[[Libreville]] - ''Libreville International Airport'' ===[[Afrika Mashariki]]=== *'''[[Eritrea]]''' **[[Asmara]] - ''Asmara International Airport'' *'''[[Ethiopia]]''' **[[Addis Ababa]] - ''Bole International Airport'' ===[[Afrika Kusini]]=== *'''[[Afrika Kusini]]''' **[[Cape Town]] - ''Cape Town International Airport'' **[[Johannesburg]] - ''Tambo International Airport'' ===[[Afrika Magharibi]]=== *'''[[Ghana]]''' **[[Accra]] - ''Kotoka International Airport'' *'''[[Nigeria]]''' **[[Abuja]] - ''Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport'' **[[Lagos]] - ''Murtala Muhammed International Airport'' **[[Port Harcourt]] - ''Port Harcourt International Airport'' ==[[Marekani]]== ===[[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]=== *'''[[Canada]]''' **[[Calgary]] - ''Calgary International Airport'' **[[Montreal]] - ''Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport'' [seasonal] **[[Toronto]] - ''Toronto Pearson International Airport'' **[[Vancouver]] - ''Vancouver International Airport'' *'''[[Mexico]]''' **[[Mexico City]] - ''Mexico City International Airport'' *'''[[Marekani]]''' **[[Atlanta]] - ''Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport'' **[[Boston]] - ''Logan International Airport'' **[[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]] - ''Charlotte/Douglas International Airport'' **[[Chicago]] - ''O'Hare International Airport'' **[[Dallas/Fort Worth]] - ''Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport'' **[[Denver]] - ''Denver International Airport'' **[[Detroit]] - ''Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport'' **[[Houston]] - ''George Bush Intercontinental Airport'' **[[Los Angeles]] - ''Los Angeles International Airport'' **[[Miami]] - ''Miami International Airport'' **[[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] - ''Newark Liberty International Airport'' **[[New York City]] - ''John F. Kennedy International Airport'' **[[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]] - ''Orlando International Airport'' **[[Philadelphia]] - ''Philadelphia International Airport'' **[[San Francisco]] - ''San Francisco International Airport'' **[[Seattle]] - ''Seattle-Tacoma International Airport'' **[[Washington, D.C.]] - ''Washington Dulles International Airport'' ===[[Amerika Kusini]]=== *'''[[Argentina]]''' **[[Buenos Aires]] - ''Ministro Pistarini International Airport'' *'''[[Colombia]]''' **[[Bogota]]-''El Dorado International Airport'' *'''[[Brazil]]''' **[[São Paulo]] - ''São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport'' *'''[[Venezuela]]''' **[[Caracas]] - ''Simón Bolívar International Airport'' ==[[Asia]]== ===[[Asia ya Kati]]=== *'''[[Kazakhstan]]''' **[[Almaty]] - ''Almaty International Airport'' **[[Astana]] - ''Astana International Airport'' *'''[[Turkmenistan]]''' **[[Ashgabat]] - ''Ashgabat Airport'' *'''[[Uzbekistan]]''' **[[Tashkent]] - ''Tashkent International Airport'' ===[[Asia Mashariki]]=== *'''[[Uchina]]''' **[[Beijing]] - ''Beijing Capital International Airport'' **[[Hong Kong]] - ''Hong Kong International Airport'' **[[Guangzhou]] - ''Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport'' **[[Nanjing]] - ''Nanjing Lukou International Airport'' **[[Shanghai]] - ''Shanghai Pudong International Airport'' *'''[[Ujapani]]''' **[[Nagoya]] - ''Chūbu Centrair International Airport'' **[[Osaka]] - ''Kansai International Airport'' **[[Tokyo]] - ''Narita International Airport'' *'''[[South Korea]]''' **[[Busan]] - ''Gimhae International Airport'' **[[Seoul]] - ''Incheon International Airport'' ===[[Asia Kusini]]=== *'''[[India]]''' **[[Bangalore]] - ''Bengaluru International Airport'' **[[Chennai]] - ''Chennai International Airport'' **[[Delhi]] - ''Indira Gandhi International Airport'' **[[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]] - ''Rajiv Gandhi International Airport'' **[[Kolkata]] - ''Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport'' **[[Mumbai]] - ''Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport'' **[[Pune]] - ''Pune International Airport'' *'''[[Indonesia]]''' **[[Jakarta]] - ''Soekarno-Hatta International Airport'' *'''[[Malaysia]]''' **[[Kuala Lumpur]] - ''Kuala Lumpur International Airport'' *'''[[Singapore]]''' **''Singapore Changi Airport'' *'''[[Thailand]]''' **[[Bangkok]] - ''Suvarnabhumi Airport'' *'''[[Vietnam]]''' **[[Ho Chi Minh City]] - ''Tan Son Nhat International Airport'' *'''[[Azerbaijan]]''' **[[Baku]] - ''Heydar Aliyev International Airport'' *'''[[Bahrain]]''' **''Bahrain International Airport'' *'''[[Kupro]]''' **[[Larnaca]] - ''Larnaca Airport'' *'''[[Georgia (nchi)|Georgia]]''' **[[Tbilisi]] - ''Tbilisi International Airport'' *'''[[Iran]]''' **[[Tehran]] - ''Imam Khomeini International Airport'' *'''[[Israeli]]''' **[[Tel Aviv]] - ''Ben Gurion International Airport'' *'''[[Jordan]]''' **[[Amman]] - ''Queen Alia International Airport'' *'''[[Kuwait]]''' **''Kuwait International Airport'' *'''[[Lebanon]]''' **[[Beirut]] - ''Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport'' *'''[[Oman]]''' **[[Muscat, Oman|Muscat]] - ''Muscat International Airport'' *'''[[Qatar]]''' **[[Doha]] - ''Doha International Airport'' *'''[[Saudi Arabia]]''' **[[Dammam]] - ''King Fahd International Airport'' **[[Jeddah]] - ''King Abdulaziz International Airport'' **[[Riyadh]] - ''King Khalid International Airport'' *'''[[United Arab Emirates]]''' **[[Abu Dhabi]] - ''Abu Dhabi International Airport'' **[[Dubai]] - ''Dubai International Airport'' *'''[[Yemen]]''' **[[Sana'a]] - ''Sana'a International Airport'' ==[[Uropa]]== *'''[[Albania]]''' **[[Tirana]] - ''Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza'' *'''[[Austria]]''' **[[Graz]] - ''Graz Airport'' **[[Innsbruck]] - ''Innsbruck Airport'' **[[Klagenfurt]] - ''Klagenfurt Airport'' **[[Linz]] - ''Linz Airport'' **[[Vienna]] - ''Vienna International Airport'' *'''[[Belarus]]''' **[[Minsk]] - ''Minsk International Airport'' *'''[[Ubelgiji]]''' **[[Brussels]] - ''Brussels Airport'' *'''[[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]''' **[[Sarajevo]] - ''Sarajevo International Airport'' *'''[[Bulgaria]]''' **[[Sofia]] - ''Sofia Airport'' *'''[[Croatia]]''' **[[Dubrovnik]] - ''Dubrovnik Airport'' **[[Split (city)|Split]] - ''Split Airport'' **[[Zadar]] - ''Zadar Airport'' **[[Zagreb]] - ''Zagreb Airport'' *'''[[Czech Republic]]''' **[[Prague]] - ''Ruzyně Airport'' *'''[[Denmark]]''' **[[Billund]] - ''Billund Airport'' **[[Copenhagen]] - ''Copenhagen Airport'' *'''[[Estonia]]''' **[[Tallinn]] - ''Tallinn Airport'' *'''[[Finland]]''' **[[Helsinki]] - ''Helsinki-Vantaa Airport'' *'''[[Ufaransa]]''' **[[Bastia]] - ''Bastia - Poretta Airport'' **[[Lyon]] - ''Saint-Exupéry Airport'' **[[Marseilles]] - ''Marseille Provence Airport'' **[[Mulhouse]] - ''EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg'' **[[Nice]] - ''Côte d'Azur Airport'' **[[Paris]] - ''Charles de Gaulle Airport'' **[[Toulouse]] - ''Toulouse Blagnac Airport'' *'''[[Ujerumani]]''' **[[Berlin]] - ''Berlin-Tegel Airport'' **[[Bremen]] - ''Bremen Airport'' **[[Cologne]] - ''Cologne Bonn Airport'' **[[Dresden]] - ''Dresden Airport'' **[[Düsseldorf]] - ''Düsseldorf International Airport'' **[[Frankfurt am Main]] - ''[[Frankfurt Airport]]'' **[[Friedrichshafen]] - ''Friedrichshafen Airport'' **[[Heringsdorf]] - ''Heringsdorf Airport'' **[[Hamburg]] - ''Hamburg Airport'' **[[Hanover]] - ''Hannover Airport'' **[[Hof, Germany|Hof]] - ''Hof-Plauen Airport'' **[[Leipzig]] - ''Leipzig/Halle Airport'' **[[Munich]] - ''Munich Airport'' **[[Münster]] - ''Münster Osnabrück Airport'' **[[Nuremberg]] - ''Nuremberg Airport'' **[[Paderborn]] - ''Paderborn Lippstadt Airport'' **[[Stuttgart]] - ''Stuttgart Airport'' **[[Westerland, Germany|Westerland]] - ''Sylt Airport'' *'''[[Ugiriki]]''' **[[Athens]] - ''Athens International Airport'' *'''[[Hungary]]''' **[[Budapest]] - ''Budapest Ferihegy International Airport'' **[[Sármellék]] - ''Sármellék International Airport'' *'''[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]''' **[[Dublin]] - ''Dublin Airport'' *'''[[Iceland]]''' **[[Reykjavík]] - ''Keflavík International Airport'' *'''[[Italia]]''' **[[Ancona]] - ''Ancona Airport'' **[[Bologna]] - ''Bologna Airport'' **[[Cagliari]] - ''Cagliari-Elmas Airport'' **[[Catania]] - ''Catania-Fontanarossa Airport'' **[[Florence]] - ''Peretola Airport'' **[[Genoa]] - ''Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport'' **[[Milan]] ***''Linate Airport'' ***''Malpensa Airport'' **[[Naples]] - ''Naples Airport'' **[[Olbia]] - ''Olbia - Costa Smeralda Airport'' **[[Pisa]] - ''Galileo Galilei Airport'' **[[Rome]] - ''Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport'' **[[Trieste]] - ''Friuli Venezia Giulia Airport'' **[[Turin]] - ''Turin Caselle Airport'' **[[Venice]] - ''Venice Marco Polo Airport'' **[[Verona]] - ''Verona Airport'' *'''[[Latvia]]''' **[[Riga]] - ''Riga International Airport'' *'''[[Lithuania]]''' **[[Vilnius]] - ''Vilnius International Airport'' *'''[[Malta]]''' **[[Luqa]] - ''Malta International Airport'' *'''[[Netherlands]]''' **[[Amsterdam]] - ''Amsterdam Airport Schiphol'' *'''[[Norway]]''' **[[Bergen]] - ''Bergen Airport, Flesland'' **[[Oslo]] - ''Oslo Airport, Gardermoen'' **[[Stavanger]] - ''Stavanger Airport, Sola'' *'''[[Polandi]]''' **[[Gdańsk]] - ''Gdańsk Lech Wałęsa Airport]] **[[Katowice]] - ''Katowice International Airport'' **[[Kraków]] - ''John Paul II International Airport'' **[[Poznań]] - ''Poznań-Ławica Airport'' **[[Rzeszów]] - ''Rzeszów-Jasionka Airport'' **[[Warsaw]] - ''Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport'' **[[Wrocław]] - ''Copernicus Airport Wrocław'' *'''[[Portugal]]''' **[[Faro, Portugal|Faro]] - ''Faro Airport'' **[[Lisbon]] - ''Lisbon Portela Airport'' **[[Porto]] - ''Francisco de Sá Carneiro Airport'' *'''[[Romania]]''' **[[Bucharest]] - ''Henri Coandă International Airport'' **[[Cluj Napoca]] - ''Cluj-Napoca International Airport'' **[[Sibiu]] - ''Sibiu International Airport'' **[[Timişoara]] - ''Traian Vuia International Airport'' *'''[[Urusi]]''' **[[Kazan]] - ''Kazan International Airport'' **[[Moscow]] - ''Domodedovo International Airport'' **[[Nizhny Novgorod]] - ''Nizhny Novgorod International Airport]] **[[Perm]] - ''Bolshoye Savino Airport]] **[[Rostov]] - ''Rostov-on-Don Airport'' **[[Saint Petersburg]] - ''Pulkovo Airport'' **[[Samara, Russia|Samara]] - ''Kurumoch International Airport'' **[[Yekaterinburg]] - ''Koltsovo Airport'' *'''[[Serbia]]''' **[[Belgrade]] - ''Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport'' *'''[[Uhispania]]''' **[[Barcelona]] - ''Barcelona Airport'' **[[Bilbao]] - ''Bilbao Airport'' **[[Madrid]] - ''Barajas Airport'' **[[Málaga]] - ''Málaga Airport'' **[[Palma de Mallorca]] - ''Son Sant Joan Airport'' **[[Valencia, Spain|Valencia]] - ''Valencia Airport'' *'''[[Sweden]]''' **[[Gothenburg]] - ''Gothenburg-Landvetter Airport'' **[[Stockholm]] - ''Stockholm-Arlanda Airport'' *'''[[Uswisi]]''' **[[Berne]] - ''Berne Airport'' **[[Geneva]] - ''Geneva International Airport'' **[[Zürich]] - ''Zürich Airport'' *'''[[Uturuki]]''' **[[Ankara]] - ''Esenboğa International Airport **[[Istanbul]] - ''Atatürk International Airport'' **[[İzmir]] - ''Adnan Menderes Airport'' *'''[[Ukraine]]''' **[[Donetsk]] - ''Donetsk International Airport'' **[[Kiev]] - ''Boryspil International Airport'' **[[Lviv]] - ''Lviv International Airport'' *'''[[Ulaya]]''' **[[Birmingham]] - ''Birmingham International Airport'' **[[Edinburgh]] - ''Edinburgh Airport'' **[[Inverness]] - ''Inverness Airport'' **[[Jersey]] - ''Jersey Airport'' **[[London]] ***''London City Airport'' ***''London Heathrow Airport'' **[[Manchester]] - ''Manchester Airport'' **[[Newcastle upon Tyne]] - ''Newcastle Airport'' **[[Newquay]] - ''wquay Cornwall Airport'' ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:Ndege za Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Kampuni ya ndege]] [[Jamii:Kampuni za Ujerumani]] rqeai0ietobszfk78s84439jatahrbw Kigezo:The Roots 10 59153 1543906 663819 2026-05-15T19:26:51Z Muddyb 379 1543906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox Musical artist | name = The Roots | title = [[The Roots]] | background = group_or_band | above = {{Nowrap|'''[[Black Thought]]''' ·}} {{Nowrap|'''[[Captain Kirk Douglas]]''' ·}} {{Nowrap|'''[[Damon "Tuba" Bryson]]''' ·}} {{Nowrap|'''[[F. Knuckles]]''' ·}} {{Nowrap|'''[[Kamal Gray]]''' ·}} {{Nowrap|'''[[Mark Kelley]]''' ·}} {{Nowrap|'''[[James Poyser]]''' ·}} {{Nowrap|'''[[Questlove]]'''}}<br />{{Nowrap|[[Owen Biddle (mwanamuziki)|Owen Biddle]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Hub (mpiga besi)|Hub]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Ben Kenney]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Malik B.]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Rahzel]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Martin Luther McCoy| Martin Luther]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Dice Raw]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Scratch (mwanamuziki)|Scratch]] ·}} {{Nowrap|[[Scott Storch]]}} | group1 = Albamu za studio | list1 = {{Nowrap|''[[Organix]]'' (1993) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Do You Want More?!!!??!]]'' (1995) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Illadelph Halflife]]'' (1996) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Things Fall Apart (albamu)|Things Fall Apart]]'' (1999) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Phrenology (albamu)|Phrenology]]'' (2002) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[The Tipping Point (albamu)|The Tipping Point]]'' (2004) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Game Theory (albamu)|Game Theory]]'' (2006) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Rising Down]]'' (2008) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[How I Got Over (albamu)|How I Got Over]]'' (2010) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Wake Up! (albamu ya John Legend na The Roots)|Wake Up!]]'' (2010) }} | group2 = Albamu za mubashara | list2 = {{Nowrap|''[[The Roots Come Alive]]'' (1999) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[Jay-Z: Unplugged]]'' (2001) }} | group3 = EP zao | list3 = {{Nowrap|''[[From the Ground Up (EP ya The Roots)|From the Ground Up]]'' (1994) ·}} {{Nowrap|''[[The Legendary]]'' (1999) }} | group4 = Nyimbo zao | list4 = {{Nowrap|"[[The Next Movement]]" (1999) ·}} {{Nowrap|"[[You Got Me (wimbo)|You Got Me]]" (1999) ·}} {{Nowrap|"[[The Seed (2.0)]]" (2002) }} {{Nowrap|"[[Wake Up Everybody (wimbo)|Wake Up Everybody]]" (2010) }} {{Nowrap|"[[Doin' It Again (wimbo)|Doin' It Again]]" (2011) }} | group5 = Makala zinazohusiana | list5 = [[Diskografia ya The Roots|Diskografia]] · ''[[Late Night with Jimmy Fallon]]'' }}<noinclude> {{DEFAULTSORT:Roots, The}} [[Jamii:Violezo vya makundi ya hip hop ya Marekani]] [[Jamii:The Roots|τ]] </noinclude> sv660qpci4ur4ikw03b5uqqu5onbsxx Majadiliano:Marekani 1 65896 1543825 1399919 2026-05-15T16:58:51Z Mbulukani Mulenga 87789 Mbulukani Mulenga alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano:Marekani]] hadi [[Majadiliano:United States of America]] 1399919 wikitext text/x-wiki SEA ALAOAA A MAIUA ALAOA AIUA AATRAA BANAMALOA AIA AUAAAA ACA == New Infobox == @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] Sikuharibu Umbo la nchi la Marekani la Infobox, I made It better it has no errors like before, It has well styled Font and Text and Before you revert it again, Discuss with me First. You can Clearly see inakaa vizuri kuliko mbeleni '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:54, 27 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Wewe katika kubadili hili umediskasi na nani? Kwanini unaamini una haki ya kufanya utakacho? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:40, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) ::I don't think that I have a Right to do whatever i want, However i know that I have the Right to Make It Better. ::I initiated a Discuss in The Wikipedia Community but nobody is active there. ::</br> ::The New Design is like What we have in English Wikipedia so that it can Captivate a User when reading Articles. ::2nd, The Previous actually has Very Many Errors, Poor Fonts etcetera, And its locked. This Wiki is new and Most Countries are using "old Jedwali" and "old infoboxes" , They need Renewal and Modern designs [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 12:19, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) :::Kumbe kuna mjadala hapa. Watakuja kujibu katika Village Pump. Vuta subira. Kawaida kupita wiki. Hata mimi ninataka kufanya mabadiliko makubwa ya translating tool, lakini mfumo unataka kwanza nishirikishe wengine kabla ya kutoa mapendekezo katika kitengo husika. Kadhalika, nimeona ujumbe wako. Boresha yale niliyokwambia kule. Kisha weka majedwali yote matatu. Tutachagua kwa pamoja. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 14:23, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) == New Infobox == @[[Mtumiaji:Kisare|Kisare]]I discussed with people already about The New Infobox and they already liked it, [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:04, 13 Februari 2025 (UTC) :Like i said the Infobox you created has too many problems like Padding, Row allignment, Font, Misplaced indentation, Etc. :Furthermore we used different design, I used a more simpler version! But i requested for how people think, :Undoing the whole changes in your , template infobox would have been "not good" [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:09, 13 Februari 2025 (UTC) 6xb94109cad7b0kw6lkumpxdv5ozhr3 1543862 1543825 2026-05-15T18:18:35Z Gayle157 73366 Gayle157 moved page [[Majadiliano:United States of America]] to [[Majadiliano:Marekani]] over redirect 1399919 wikitext text/x-wiki SEA ALAOAA A MAIUA ALAOA AIUA AATRAA BANAMALOA AIA AUAAAA ACA == New Infobox == @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] Sikuharibu Umbo la nchi la Marekani la Infobox, I made It better it has no errors like before, It has well styled Font and Text and Before you revert it again, Discuss with me First. You can Clearly see inakaa vizuri kuliko mbeleni '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:54, 27 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Wewe katika kubadili hili umediskasi na nani? Kwanini unaamini una haki ya kufanya utakacho? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:40, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) ::I don't think that I have a Right to do whatever i want, However i know that I have the Right to Make It Better. ::I initiated a Discuss in The Wikipedia Community but nobody is active there. ::</br> ::The New Design is like What we have in English Wikipedia so that it can Captivate a User when reading Articles. ::2nd, The Previous actually has Very Many Errors, Poor Fonts etcetera, And its locked. This Wiki is new and Most Countries are using "old Jedwali" and "old infoboxes" , They need Renewal and Modern designs [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 12:19, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) :::Kumbe kuna mjadala hapa. Watakuja kujibu katika Village Pump. Vuta subira. Kawaida kupita wiki. Hata mimi ninataka kufanya mabadiliko makubwa ya translating tool, lakini mfumo unataka kwanza nishirikishe wengine kabla ya kutoa mapendekezo katika kitengo husika. Kadhalika, nimeona ujumbe wako. Boresha yale niliyokwambia kule. Kisha weka majedwali yote matatu. Tutachagua kwa pamoja. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 14:23, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) == New Infobox == @[[Mtumiaji:Kisare|Kisare]]I discussed with people already about The New Infobox and they already liked it, [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:04, 13 Februari 2025 (UTC) :Like i said the Infobox you created has too many problems like Padding, Row allignment, Font, Misplaced indentation, Etc. :Furthermore we used different design, I used a more simpler version! But i requested for how people think, :Undoing the whole changes in your , template infobox would have been "not good" [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz<sup>Chronist<sup>2.0</sup></sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:09, 13 Februari 2025 (UTC) 6xb94109cad7b0kw6lkumpxdv5ozhr3 Instagram 0 92496 1543977 1329690 2026-05-15T22:20:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543977 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:instagram logo 2016.svg|150px|thumb|right|<br />[[File:Instagram logo.svg|105px]]]] '''Instagram''' ni [[mtandao wa kijamii]] unaoruhusu mtumiaji kupata [[huduma]] ya kushirikisha [[picha]] za kawaida na za [[video]] [[Mtandao|mtandaoni]]. [[Programu]] hii hutumika katika [[simu]] aidha za [[iPhone]] au mfumo uendeshaji wa [[Android]]. Programu inakupa fursa ya kuchukua picha na video, na kuzipitisha katika vichujio vyake ili itakate na kisha kuishirikisha na wale wanaokufuata. Vilevile inakupa fursa ya kushirikisha na mitandao mingine ya kijamii kama vile [[Facebook]], [[Twitter]], JamiiTalk, Tumblr na Flickr.<ref name=nov2010>{{cite web|last=Frommer|first=Dan|title=Here's How To Use Instagram|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/instagram-2010-11|work=[[Business Insider]]|accessdate=May 20, 2011|date=November 1, 2010}}</ref> Mtandao huo uliundwa na [[Kevin Systrom]] na [[Mike Krieger]] na kutolewa rasmi [[tarehe]] [[6 Oktoba]] [[2010]]. Hivi sasa unamilikiwa na kampuni ya [[Facebook]] baada ya kununuliwa kwa [[Dola ya Kimarekani|dola za Kimarekani]] [[bilioni]] 1 Aprili [[2012]]. Baada ya kuanzishwa mwaka 2010, Instagram ilipata umaarufu mkubwa na kupata watumiaji [[milioni]] moja ndani ya miezi miwili, milioni 10 ndani ya [[mwaka]] mmoja na milioni 800 hadi [[Septemba]] [[2017]]. Hadi [[Oktoba]] [[2015]] kulikuwa na picha bilioni 40 toka kwa watumiaji. ==Historia== Instagram ni jukwaa maarufu la kushiriki picha na video ambalo lilianzishwa mnamo tarehe [[6 Oktoba]], mwaka [[2010]], na Kevin Systrom na Mike Krieger. Hapo awali, ilizinduliwa kwa jina la "Burbn" kama programu ya kushiriki maeneo na [[picha]]. Hata hivyo, baada ya muda, waligundua kuwa watumiaji walivutiwa zaidi na sehemu ya picha. Mabadiliko yaliyofanywa na kuanzishwa kwa vipengele vipya yalisababisha kuzinduliwa upya kwa jukwaa hilo chini ya jina la Instagram mnamo [[Aprili]] mwaka [[2012]]. Jina "Instagram" linatokana na maneno "instant camera" na [[telegram]]. Instagram ilipata umaarufu haraka kutokana na muundo wake rahisi wa kushiriki [[picha]] na [[video]] na pia filamu za [[hadithi]] za muda mfupi (Instagram Stories) ambazo zinafutika baada ya masaa 24. Uzinduzi wa Instagram ulikuja wakati ambapo [[simu]] za mkononi zilikuwa zikipata umaarufu, na [[programu]] hii ilichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika mwelekeo wa kushiriki yaliyomo kwenye mitandao ya kijamii. Mnamo mwaka [[2012]], [[Facebook]] ilinunua Instagram kwa dola bilioni moja, na tangu wakati huo, Instagram imekuwa ikiongeza mara kwa mara vipengele vipya, kama vile IGTV, Instagram Live, na vilevile kuboresha na kurekebisha jukwaa lake ili kukidhi mahitaji ya watumiaji wake wanaoendelea kuongezeka. Instagram imekuwa mojawapo ya majukwaa maarufu zaidi ya kijamii duniani, ikivutia watumiaji wengi na kutoa jukwaa kwa watu, makampuni, na wabunifu kushiriki yaliyomo na kujenga jamii mtandaoni.<ref>{{cite web |first=MG |last=Siegler |title=Instagram Launches with the Hope of Igniting Communication Through Images |url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/10/06/instagram-launch/ |website=[[TechCrunch]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=October 6, 2010 |accessdate=April 8, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Welcome to Instagram |url=http://blog.instagram.com/post/8755272623/welcome-to-instagram |publisher=Instagram |date=October 5, 2010 |accessdate=April 8, 2017 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AAqvRrbu?url=http://blog.instagram.com/post/8755272623/welcome-to-instagram |archivedate=2012-08-25 }}</ref> ==Matangazo== Kama ilivyo kwa mitandao mingine ya kijamii, Instagram inapata mamilioni ya fedha toka kwenye matangazo. Mnamo [[Oktoba]] [[2013]], Instagram ilianza jitihada za kupata [[fedha]] kupitia matangazo ya video na picha nchini [[Marekani]]. <ref>{{cite web |first=Matthew |last=Panzarino |title=Instagram To Start Showing In-Feed Video And Image Ads To US Users |url=https://techcrunch.com/2013/10/03/instagram-starts-showing-in-feed-video-and-image-ads-to-us-users/ |website=[[TechCrunch]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=October 3, 2013 |accessdate=April 23, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Adrian |last=Covert |title=Instagram: Now with ads |url=http://money.cnn.com/2013/10/03/technology/social/instagram-ads/ |website=CNN Tech |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=October 3, 2013 |accessdate=April 23, 2017 |archive-date=2018-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123234522/https://money.cnn.com/2013/10/03/technology/social/instagram-ads/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo Juni 2014, Instagram ilitangaza ujio wa matangazo nchini Uingereza, Canada na Australia.<ref>{{cite web |first=Jackie |last=Dove |title=Instagram will introduce ads in the UK, Canada and Australia 'later this year' |url=https://thenextweb.com/creativity/2014/06/09/instagram-plans-ad-rollout-uk-canada-australia/ |website=The Next Web |date=June 9, 2014 |accessdate=April 23, 2017}}</ref> Mnamo Mei 2016, Instagram ilitangaza uzinduzi wa zana mpya za akaunti za biashara, ikiwa ni pamoja na maelezo mafupi ya biashara, na uwezo wa kugeuza picha, video au maandishi kuwa matangazo moja kwa moja kutoka kwenye programu ya Instagram yenyewe.<ref name="tc-insights">{{cite web |first=Sarah |last=Perez |title=Instagram officially announces its new business tools |url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/05/31/instagram-officially-announces-its-new-business-tools/ |website=[[TechCrunch]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=May 31, 2016 |accessdate=April 23, 2017}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2016, Instagram ilitangaza kwamba ilikuwa na matangazo 200,000.<ref>{{cite web |first=Anthony |last=Ha |title=There Are Now 200K Advertisers on Instagram |url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/02/24/200k-advertisers-on-instagram/ |website=[[TechCrunch]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=February 24, 2016 |accessdate=April 23, 2017}}</ref> Hii iliongezeka hadi kwa watangazaji wa kazi 500,000 mwezi Septemba 2016,<ref>{{cite web |first=Anthony |last=Ha |title=And now there are 500K active advertisers on Instagram |url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/22/instagram-500k/ |website=[[TechCrunch]] |publisher=[[AOL]] |date=September 22, 2016 |accessdate=April 23, 2017}}</ref> na milioni moja mwezi Machi 2017.<ref>{{cite web |first=David |last=Ingram |title=Instagram says advertising base tops one million businesses |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-instagram-advertising-idUSKBN16T1LK |website=[[Reuters]] |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |date=March 22, 2017 |accessdate=April 23, 2017}}</ref>. Programu mbalimbali zimejitokeza kuwezesha watangazaji kujitanza kwenye Instagram kutokana na umaarufu wake. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * {{Official website|http://instagram.com}} * [https://www.facebook.com/instagram Ukurasa wa Instagram kwenye Facebook] {{mbegu-teknolojia}} [[Jamii:Mitandao ya kijamii]] [[Jamii:Tovuti za mitandao ya kijamii ya Marekani]] h4wstpklj19kioenoum2ozaonbxe6rg X (Twitter) 0 92497 1543712 1529561 2026-05-15T13:12:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543712 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Twitter logo.svg|thumb|200px|Logo ya '''{{PAGENAME}}''' kabla ya kubadilishwa kuwa X.]] '''Twitter''' ilikuwa [[mtandao wa kijamii]] wa kutoa huduma ya kutuma vijiujumbe vidogo vinavyoitwa "Tweets" na kushea na watu wanaokufuata. Unamilikiwa na kampuni ya Marekani [[Twitter, Inc]]. Watumiaji wanatumia [[simu za mkononi]] au [[kompyuta]] kutuma na kusoma jumbe. Tweet zinaweza kuwa na maneno yenye urefu wa 140 tu. Hata hivyo mwaka 2017 kampuni hii ilitangaza kuongeza idadi ya urefu wa maneno hadi 280.<ref>"[https://money.cnn.com/2017/11/07/technology/twitter-280-character-limit/ Twitter will double its character count for most users] {{Wayback|url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/11/07/technology/twitter-280-character-limit/ |date=20180806141750 }}.</ref> Maneno haya au jumbe hizi zinaonekana katika ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Tweet hizi aghalabu zinaweza kusomwa na mtu yeyote, lakini mtumaji anaweza pia kuzifanya ziwe faragha. Tweet ambazo ni faragha zinaweza kuonekana kwa wale ambao wanakufuata tu. Watumiaji wanaweza kujiandikisha na kutweet kwa watu wengine. Mtindo huo unaitwa ''following'' au kufuata, na wanaojiandikisha wanaitwa ''followers'' au wafuasi. Mwishoni mwa mwaka wa 2009, watumiaji waliweza kufuata orodha za muumbaji.<ref name="lists1">{{cite web |url=http://blog.twitter.com/2009/10/theres-list-for-that.html |title=There's a List for That |publisher=blog.twitter.com |date=October 30, 2009 |accessdate=February 1, 2010 |archive-date=2013-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429143525/http://blog.twitter.com/2009/10/theres-list-for-that.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="lists2">{{cite web |url=http://help.twitter.com/forums/10711/entries/76460 |title=Twitter Lists! |publisher=help.twitter.com |date=November 9, 2009 |accessdate=February 1, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222223731/http://help.twitter.com/forums/10711/entries/76460 |archivedate=2009-12-22 |=https://web.archive.org/web/20091116092359/http://help.twitter.com/forums/10711/entries/76460 }}</ref> Watumiaji wanaweza kupokea tweets kwa kutumia wavuti ya Twitter. Vilevile wanaweza kutumia programu pepe ambazo zinafanya kazi na Twitter kwenye [[simujanja]]. <ref>{{cite web |url=http://help.twitter.com/entries/14226-how-to-find-your-twitter-short-long-code |title=Using Twitter With Your Phone |quote=We currently support 2-way (sending and receiving) Twitter SMS via short codes and 1-way (sending only) via long codes. |publisher=Twitter Support |accessdate=2010-06-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100315200218/http://help.twitter.com/entries/14226-how-to-find-your-twitter-short-long-code |archivedate=2010-03-15 |=https://web.archive.org/web/20100315200218/http://help.twitter.com/entries/14226-how-to-find-your-twitter-short-long-code }}</ref> Twitter ilianzishwa na [[Jack Dorsey]], [[Noah Glass]], [[Biz Stone]], na [[Evan Williams]] mnamo Machi 2006 na kuzinduliwa mnamo Julai mwaka huo huo. Twitter, Inc. ina makao yake makuu [[San Francisco]], [[California]] na ina zaidi ya ofisi 25 duniani kote. Kufikia mwaka wa 2012, twitter ilikuwa na watumiaji zaidi ya milioni 100 na walituma tweets milioni 340 kwa siku.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Twitter turns six|url=https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/a/2012/twitter-turns-six|work=blog.twitter.com|accessdate=2022-08-11|language=en-us}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2013, ilikuwa mojawapo ya tovuti kumi zilizotembelewa zaidi. Kufikia mwanzoni mwa 2019, Twitter ilikuwa na zaidi ya watumiaji milioni 330.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Twitter overcounted active users since 2014, shares surge on profit hopes|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2017/10/26/twitter-overcounted-active-users-since-2014-shares-surge/801968001/|work=USA TODAY|accessdate=2022-08-11|language=en-US|author=Brett Molina and Brett Molina}}</ref> ==Historia== Twitter ilianzishwa tarehe [[21 Machi]] mwaka [[2006]], na Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone, na Evan Williams huko San Francisco, California, [[Marekani]]. Jukwaa hilo lilizinduliwa rasmi mwezi Julai mwaka huo huo. Twitter ilipata umaarufu haraka kutokana na muundo wake wa ujumbe mfupi, maarufu kama "tweets," ambayo awali ilikuwa na kikomo cha herufi 140. Kikomo hicho kiliondolewa mnamo Novemba 2017, likiruhusu watumiaji kutuma ujumbe wa herufi 280. Twitter ilikuwa jukwaa la kwanza kuanzisha mfumo wa kufuatilia (follow) na kuwa na mtiririko wa wakati halisi wa matukio (timeline). Watumiaji wanaweza kutoa maoni kwa kutumia alama ya "@" kwa kumtaja mtumiaji mwingine, na pia kutumia alama ya "hashtag" (#) ili kuchangia katika mazungumzo yanayohusiana na mada fulani. Tangu kuanzishwa kwake, Twitter imekuwa chombo muhimu cha [[mawasiliano]], kutoa jukwaa la kutoa maoni, kushiriki habari, na kusambaza mazungumzo ya ulimwengu. Imetumika kwa kampeni za kisiasa, mawasiliano ya dharura, na kuleta pamoja watu kutoka maeneo mbalimbali duniani. Pia, imeshuhudia mabadiliko kadhaa kwenye jukwaa hilo, pamoja na marekebisho ya sera na kuboresha kwa vipengele vyake. == Tanbihi == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Sister project links|auto=1|wikt=Twitter|d=y}} * [https://twitter.com Twitter] - Tovuti Ramsi [[Jamii:Twitter]] [[Jamii:Mitandao ya kijamii]] 9e28mz0mmbwsz8a1mhlnhgn4yzd7fhk Shaaban (mwezi) 0 104717 1543700 1543351 2026-05-15T12:52:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543700 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaaban''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: شعبان, sha‘bān) ni [[Mwezi (wakati)|mwezi]] wa [[nane]] katika [[kalenda ya Kiislamu]]. Inafuata [[Rajabu (mwezi)|Rajabu]] ikifuatwa na [[Ramadan (mwezi)|Ramadan]]. Ilhali ni mwezi kabla ya Ramadani ni pia wakati ambako mwanzo wa [[saumu]] unatangazwa.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/04/ramadan-fasting-start-date-170427062743037.html|title=Ramadan fasting to start May 27 or May 28|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=2017-04-27}}</ref> ==Nisfu Shaaban== [[Siku]] ya 15 ya Shaaban inajulikana kama "usiku wa kumbukumbu" au Laylatul Bara-at <ref>G.E. von Grunebaum, ''Muhammadan Festivals'' (London: Curzon Press, 1976), pp. 53-54.</ref> lakini adhimisho hilo lina utata.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://islamqa.info/en/154850|title=Bid‘ah of Sha‘baan - islamqa.info|work=islamqa.info}}</ref>. Kufuatana na [[Hadithi za Mtume Muhammad|hadith]] [[Mtume Muhammad]] alitaja [[tarehe]] hiyo kuwa siku maalumu, hivyo kuna [[Waislamu]] wanaoamini ya kwamba [[usiku]] huo una [[baraka]] za pekee. Wengine hukaa usiku huo pamoja wakisoma [[Korani]] na kushiriki katika [[sala]] za pekee. Wengine wanapinga [[ibada]] hizo.<ref>[https://islamhouse.com/sw/articles/890020/ Fadhila za mwezi wa Shaaban na uzushi wa Nisfu Shaaban], tovuti ya islamhouse.com, iliangaliwa Septemba 2018</ref> ==Sikikuu ya Imamu Mahdi== [[Washia Ithna ashari]] husheherekea tarehe 15 Shaaban kama sikukuu ya kuzaliwa kwa [[imamu]] wao wa 12 na wa mwisho, [[Muhammad al Mahdi]].<ref>[http://realiran.org/a-dazzling-night-in-iran-embellished-with-spirituality/ A Dazzling Night in Iran Embellished with Spirituality] {{Wayback|url=http://realiran.org/a-dazzling-night-in-iran-embellished-with-spirituality/ |date=20150526131318 }}, taarifa ya mwaka 2014 kwenye tovuti ya realiran.org, iliangaliwa September 2018</ref> ==Tarehe zake== Ilhali [[kalenda ya Kiislamu]] ni [[kalenda ya mwezi]] miezi yake huanza wakati wa kutazamwa kwa [[hilali]] ya [[mwezi mpya]]. Pia kwa sababu [[mwaka wa mwezi]] ni mfupi kuliko [[mwaka wa jua]] basi tarehe za Shaaban zinapita kwenye [[majira]]. Tarehe zake kwa miaka ya karibu ni takriban<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura.htm |title=Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia |accessdate=2018-09-12 |archive-date=2020-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621105742/http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>: {|border="1" align=center cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="background:#efefef; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-collapse: collapse;" |- !width=20%|[[Baada ya Hijra|Mwaka baada ya Hijra]] !width=40%|Siku yake ya kwanza katika kalenda ya [[BH]] / [[Anno Domini|AD]]) !width=40%|Siku yake ya mwisho katika kalenda ya [[BH]] / [[Anno Domini|AD]] |- |align="center"|1437 |{{0}}8 Mei 2016 |{{0}}5 Juni 2016 |- |align="center"|1438 |28 Aprili 2017<ref name=":0" /> |26 Mei 2017 |- |align="center"|1439 |17 Aprili 2018 |15 Mei 2018 |- |align="center"|1440 |{{0}}6 Aprili 2019 |{{0}}5 Mei 2019 |- |align="center"|1441 |25 Machi 2020 |23 Aprili 2020 |- |align="center"|1442 |14 Machi 2021 |12 Aprili 2021 |- |colspan=3|<small>Tarehe za Shaaban baina ya 2016 BK na 2021 BK</small> |} ==Kumbukumbu maalumu== * 01 Shaaban, kuzaliwa kwa [[Zainab bint Ali]] * 03 Shaaban, kuzaliwa kwa [[Hussein ibn Ali]] * 04 Shaaban, kuzaliwa kwa [[Abbas ibn Ali]] * 05 Shaaban, kuzaliwa kwa [[Ali ibn Hussein]] * 07 Shaaban, kuzaliwa kwa [[Qasim ibn Hasan]] * 11 Shaaban, kuzaliwa kwa [[Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn]] * 11 Shaaban 1293 BH, [[Abdulhamid II]] alikuwa sultani wa [[Milki ya Osmani]] * 15 Shaaban, sikukuu ya [[Laylat al-Bara'at]] au Nusu Shaaban; kuzaliwa kwa [[Muhammad al-Mahdi]] ==Tazama pia== * [[Kalenda ya Kiislamu]] ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} ==Viungo vya Nje== *[http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/islam_tabcal.htm Islamic-Western Calendar Converter (Based on the Arithmetical or Tabular Calendar)] {{Mwakaislamu}} [[Category:Kalenda ya Kiislamu]] q7c44cf4z8i6irvi7snip75iykid3mb Mohamed Elnouby 0 121421 1544056 1521027 2026-05-16T02:52:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person | jina = Mohamed Abdelbaset Elnoby | picha = Mohamed Abdelbaset Elnoby2.jpg | ukubwa wa picha = 200px | maelezo_ya_picha = Picha ya Mohamed Abdelbaset Elnoby | jina_la_kuzaliwa = Mohamed A.baset Elnouby | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1988|1|1|df=yes}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Qena]], [[Egypt]] | kazi_yake = Mtaalamu wa utengenezaji wa programu za kompyuta ([[:en:Programmer|Programmer]]) }} '''Mohamed Abdelbasset Elnouby''' ([[Kiarabu]] '''محمد عبد الباسط النوبي‎''') ni mtaalamu wa uandishi wa programu za [[Tarakilishi|kompyuta]] wa [[Misri|nchini Misri]] na mtaalamu wa usalama wa habari mtandaoni na katika mifumo ya kompyuta. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Samsung 'Find My Mobile' Flaw Allows Hacker to Remotely Lock Your Device|url=https://thehackernews.com/2014/10/samsung-find-my-mobile-flaw-allows.html|work=The Hacker News|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hackers Can Remotely Wipe Any Samsung Phone Using The 'Find My Mobile' Feature|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/hackers-use-find-my-mobile-to-wipe-any-samsung-phone-2014-10|work=Business Insider|accessdate=2020-02-18|author=James Cook}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=كيف أنقذ الهاكر المصري محمد عبدالباسط طيران "الاتحاد"؟|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/medianews/2016/3/16/كيف-أنقذ-الهاكر-المصري-محمد-عبدالباسط-طيران-الاتحاد|work=alaraby|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=ar|author=دجى داود}}</ref> Mohamed alianza kuwa maarufu mnamo mwaka [[2013]] baada ya kugundua udhalilishaji kwenye mtandao wa kijamii wa [[Facebook]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=:: محيط ::|url=http://moheet.com/2014/04/01/2039460/%D8%B5%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85.html#.U8ix0EAn8Rx|work=moheet.com|accessdate=2020-02-18|archivedate=2018-01-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104132510/http://moheet.com/2014/04/01/2039460/%D8%B5%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85.html#.U8ix0EAn8Rx}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=الفيسبوك يكرم مبرمجًا مصريًا لاكتشافه ثغرات في الموقع.. وتضعه في قائمة الخبراء الأمنيين|url=http://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/436035.aspx|work=بوابة الأهرام|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=ar}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa mnamo [[1988]] huko Esna, [[Mkoa wa Qena|Qena]], [[Misri|nchini Misri ya juu]]. Yeye amehitimu kutoka kitivo cha utalii na hoteli katika [[:en:Minya,_Egypt|chuo kikuu cha Elmenia]]. Alianza kufanya kazi kwenye uwanja na uandishi wa programu za kompyuta tangu [[1999]] na alifanya kazi kwa mashirika mengi kama ''S3Geeks''. Alishiriki katika kazi za kujitolea katika mtandao wa jamii maarufu [[Twitter]] na pia alifanya kazi kama msimamizi wa jumla wa toleo la Kiarabu katika programu ya Foursquare. Lakini pia, alikuwa mwandishi wa programu za kompyuta wa kujitegemea na Afisa Mkuu wa Teknolojia katika kampuni ya [[Google]] huko Misri ya juu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=حوار خاص مع محمد عبد الباسط النوبي - الخبير العالمى فى الأمن السيبراني.|url=http://hemaida.com/2019/03/24/seekurity/|work=حميدة سعيد|date=2019-03-24|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=ar|author=Baianat}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2014, alijiungana mtandao wa [[:en:OWASP|OWASP Cairo Chapter]] kama mratibu wa mtandaoni, na baadea kuwa kiongozi katika OWASP kwa mradi wa QRLJacking, baada ya kugundua QRLJacking Kivinjari cha Uhandisi wa mitandao wa kijamii.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Projects/QRLJacking |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2020-02-18 |archivedate=2019-10-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024050837/https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Projects/QRLJacking }}</ref><ref>https://hakin9.org/security-phobia-good-healthy-thing-interview-mohamed-baset-creator-qrljacking/</ref> == Kazi Muhimu == === Udhalili katika Samsung 2014 === Mnamo Oktoba 2014, kulikuwa na ripoti za vyombo vya habari kuhusu wadukuzi wanaweza kutumia kipengee cha Samsung "Pata Simu yangu" kushambulia simu na Mohamed Elnouby aligundua kuwa, huduma hii inaruhusu watumiaji kufunga kwa mbali au kufuta data za simu zao ikiwa wamepoteza au wameibiwa simu zao, Ikiwa kipengele cha tafuta simu yangu kimewashwa, wadukuzi wanaweza kufunga kifaa hicho kwa mbali na kubadilisha nambari yake ya kufungulia, na ikitoa haina maana nyingine mtumiaji au mmiliki halisi anaweza rejesha simu yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hackers can use the Samsung Find My Mobile feature to attack phones|url=https://mashable.com/2014/10/28/hackers-samsung-find-my-mobile/|work=Mashable|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en|author=Rex Santus}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Exploit lets remote attackers lock your Samsung phone|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/10/28/samsung-find-my-mobile-exploit/|work=Engadget|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Samsungs Ortungsdienst "Find My Mobile": Lücke erlaubt Gerätezugriff[Update]|url=https://www.cnet.de/88139133/samsungs-ortungsdienst-find-mobile-luecke-erlaubt-angreifern-geraetezugriff/|work=CNET.de|date=2014-10-28|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=de-DE|author=von Anja Schmoll-Trautmann am 28 Oktober 2014, 16:48 Uhr|archivedate=2019-10-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024233120/https://www.cnet.de/88139133/samsungs-ortungsdienst-find-mobile-luecke-erlaubt-angreifern-geraetezugriff/}}</ref> Wakati data ya nambari ya kufuli inakuja ndani ya mtandao, vifaa vya rununu vya Samsung havidhibitishi chanzo, kulingana na database ya Usalama udhalili ya Serikali ya Marekani. Hii inafanya simu za Samsung zishindwe zaidi na aina hii ya shambulio la mbali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=600 million Samsung Galaxy phones exposed to hackers|url=https://money.cnn.com/2015/06/17/technology/samsung-galaxy-hack/index.html|work=CNNMoney|date=2015-06-17|accessdate=2020-02-18|author=Jose Pagliery|archive-date=2020-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531204937/https://money.cnn.com/2015/06/17/technology/samsung-galaxy-hack/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Samsung baadae walisema wanalifuatilia swala hilo kiundani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hackers can use the Samsung Find My Mobile feature to attack phones|url=https://mashable.com/2014/10/28/hackers-samsung-find-my-mobile/|work=Mashable|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en|author=Rex Santus}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Security flaw could turn Samsung’s Find My Mobile feature against you|url=https://www.foxnews.com/tech/security-flaw-could-turn-samsungs-find-my-mobile-feature-against-you|work=Digital Trends|date=2015-03-24|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en-US}}</ref> === Uvujishaji wa data za Umoja wa Mataifa 2018 === Mnamo 25 septemba 2018, [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] ulikumbwa na tuhuma mbili za uvujaji wa data, Watafiti waligundua dosari ambazo zilikuwa zimeacha rekodi zake kadhaa, na zile za wafanyikazi wake, kupatikana na wadukuzi kwenye mtandao.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=While the UN laughed at Trump, hackers chortled at the UN's lousy web application security|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/09/25/un_trello_jira_leak_vulnerability/|work=www.theregister.co.uk|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en|author=Shaun Nichols in San Francisco 25 Sep 2018 at 21:29}}</ref> Mtafiti wa usalama mtandaoni '''Kushagra Pathak, a'''ligundua kuwa Umoja wa Mataifa wameacha seti ya taarifa muhimu isiyo salama ya [[:en:Trello|Trello]], [[:en:Jira|Jira]] na [[:en:Google_Docs|Google Docs]] miradi iliyowekwa wazi kwenye mtandao. Pathak ambaye amebobea katika kugundua udhalili katika mitandao ya Trello na programu za wavuti alisema habari hiyo wazi ni pamoja na uhalali wa akaunti na mawasiliano ya ndani na hati zinazotumiwa na wafanyikazi wa UN kupanga miradi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=While the UN laughed at Trump, hackers chortled at the UN's lousy web application security|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/09/25/un_trello_jira_leak_vulnerability/|work=www.theregister.co.uk|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en|author=Shaun Nichols in San Francisco 25 Sep 2018 at 21:29}}</ref> Mfiduo wa pili ulifunuliwa na mtafiti Mohamed Elnouby wa Seekurity na kusababisha kufunuliwa kwa "maelfu" ya wasifu zilizotumwa na waombaji wa kazi, Ukiukaji huo uligunduliwa na mtafiti wa usalama Mohamed Baset, kutoka kampuni ya upimaji wa kupenya ya Seekurity. Mtafiti alipata udhihili wa kufichua habari kwenye wavuti ya UN ambayo ilikuwa na maoni ya waombaji wa kazi tangu mwaka 2016. Mohamed aligundua kuwa waombaji wanaotafuta kazi kwa Umoja wa Mataifa walikuwa wamepakia wasifu wao kupitia programu tumishi isiyofaa ya wavuti. Ikiwanyonywa, wadudu wa programu wangeruhusu wadukuzii kupata ufunguo wa saraka ambayo iliandika maombi ya kazi kwa kufanya shambulio la [[:en:Man-in-the-middle_attack|Man-in-the-Middle (MiTM)]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=SAAS {{!}} Content Management Systems {{!}} CMS{{!}} ecommerce {{!}} websites{{!}} QuickSilk {{!}} Ottawa {{!}} Canada|url=https://www.quicksilk.com/blog/1/united-nations-website-wordpress-disclosure-vulnerability|work=Quicksilk|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=EN|author=QuickSilk Inc}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=United Nation WordPress site publicly exposes thousands of resumes {{!}} Cyware Hacker News|url=https://cyware.com/news/united-nation-wordpress-site-publicly-exposes-thousands-of-resumes-2f2a8cf1|work=cyware.com|accessdate=2020-02-18|archive-date=2019-10-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024233119/https://cyware.com/news/united-nation-wordpress-site-publicly-exposes-thousands-of-resumes-2f2a8cf1|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tuzo == Aliteuliwa kuwania tuzo ya mwaka ya Arab CISO (orodha fupi ya mwisho) katika Mkutano wa Usalama wa Kiarabu waka 2016.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Arab CISO of the year award 2019 {{!}} Arab Security Conference 2019|url=https://www.arabsecurityconference.com/arabcisoaward2019/|work=Arab Security Conference|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Third Arab Security Conference to kick off in Cairo on 22, 23 September|url=https://wwww.dailynewssegypt.com/2019/09/12/3rd-arab-security-conference-to-kick-off-in-cairo-on-22-23-september/|work=Daily News Egypt|date=2019-09-12|accessdate=2020-02-18|language=en-US|archivedate=2019-10-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024035622/https://wwww.dailynewssegypt.com/2019/09/12/3rd-arab-security-conference-to-kick-off-in-cairo-on-22-23-september/}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[jamii:waliozaliwa 1988]] [[jamii:watu walio hai]] [[jamii:watu wa Misri]] [[jamii:Usalama wa mtandaoni]] [[jamii:wadukuzi]] [[jamii:Waandishi wa programu za kompyuta]] sj0ecqluhgxtx0lm9coy8c0mojyuxby Rafiki (filamu ya 2018) 0 121926 1544082 1543284 2026-05-16T04:33:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544082 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |<big>Rafiki</big> |- |'''Imeongozwa na''' |Wanuri Kahiu<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kenyan Director Wanuri Kahiu Is Fun, Fierce, Frivolous and Timely|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/kenyan-director-wanuri-kahiu-is-fun-fierce-frivolous-timely-1145485|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en}}</ref> |- |'''Imetayarishwa na''' |Steven Markovitz |- |'''Wasanii''' |Wanuri Kahiu Jena Cato Bass |- |'''Nyota''' |[https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki Samantha Mugatsia] {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} [https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki Sheila Munyiva]{{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki 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|date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 |- |'''Sinematografi''' |Christopher Wessels |- |'''Imehaririwa na''' |Isabelle Dedieu |- |'''Imetolewa tar.''' |9 May 2018 ([[Cannes]]) 23 September 2018 (Kenya) |- |'''Ina muda wa dakika''' |82 |- |'''Nchi''' |Kenya |- |'''Lugha''' |Kiingereza Kiswahili |- |'''Mauzo ya Ofisi''' |$176,513<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rafiki (2018) - Financial Information|url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)|work=The Numbers|accessdate=2020-03-05|archive-date=2024-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203144814/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)|url-status=dead}}</ref> |} [[Picha:Wanuri Kahiu at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival (cropped).jpg|thumb|162x162px]] '''Rafiki'''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RAFIKI|url=http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/festival/films/rafiki|work=Festival de Cannes 2019|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en}}</ref> ni [[filamu]] kutoka nchi ya [[Kenya]] iliyotengenezwa katika [[mwaka]] [[2018]]. Filamu imeongozwa na [http://www.wanurikahiu.com/bio Wanuri Kahiu] ambaye ni Mkenya. Yeye aliandika “Rafiki” na Jenna Bass, [[meneja]] wa cinema kutoka [[Afrika ya Kusini]]. == Hadithi == “Rafiki” inahusu wanawake wawili, Kena na Ziki, ambao walianza kupendana. Kena alitoka jiji la Nairobi na alikaa katika nyumba ya mama yake, lakini husaidia katika duka la baba yake. Baba ya Kena alifanya kampeni katika uchaguzi wa serekali ya mtaa. Wakati wa kufanya kazi, Kena alianza kuonyesha mapenzi na Ziki, mwanamke wa mtaa. Lakini, Ziki ni binti la Peter Okemi, mshindani wa baba ya Kena katika uchaguzi wa serekali ya mtaa. Hata hevyo, Ziki na Kena waliendelea mchezo wa datsi nyingi na walikuwa karibukaribu sana. Lakini hawaweza kuonyesha uhusiano wao kwa sababu usenge ni haramu katika nchi ya Kenya. Marafiki wa Ziki walikasirika kwa sababu yeye hutumia wakati mwingi na Kena kwa hivyo walimpiga Kena. Kisha, Ziki alisaidia kupona Kena katika nyumba ya Ziki lakini mama ya Ziki aliona, wakati alienda chumbani, wakibusu. Walijaribu kukimbia lakini kundi la watu wenye waliwapata. Wamekamatwa, kisha wazazi wao walikuja kuwachukua. Baddaye, wazazi wa Ziki wanampeleka jiji la London na wazazi wa Kena walificha hali hiyo yote. Mwisho wa filamu, miaka kadhaa baadaye, Ziki alirudi mtaa na alikutana na Kena tena. Kena alimaliza shule wakaanza tena uhusiano wao. == Washiriki == • Samantha Mugatsia ni Kena<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=What I Learnt from My Lesbian Role in "Rafiki"- Samantha Mugatsia|url=https://www.eelive.ng/what-i-learnt-from-my-lesbian-role-in-rafiki-samantha-mugatsia/|work=Eelive|date=2019-03-13|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en-US}}</ref> • Sheila Munyiva ni Ziki • Neville Misati ni Blacksta • Nini Wacera ni Mercy • Jimmy Gathu ni John Mwaura • Charlie Karumi ni Waireri • Muthoni Gathecha ni Mama Atim • Dennis Musyoka ni Peter Okemi • Patricia Amira ni Rose Okemi • Nice Githinji ni Nduta • Patricia Kihoro ni Josephine • Mellen Aura ni Elizabeth == Mapokezi == Wakati filamu "Rafiki" ilitolewa watu hawakuruhusiwa kuitazama katika nchi ya Kenya kwa sababu Bodi ya Uainishaji Filamu Nchini Kenya (KFCB) walipiga marufuku filamu<ref>{{Citation|title=Lesbian film banned ahead of Cannes debut|date=2018-04-27|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43922780|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref>. KFCB walisema ni marufuku kwa sababu ya mada yake ya [[ushoga]] na dhamira ya wazi ya kukuza [[usagaji]] nchini Kenya kinyume na [[sheria]]. Bodi waliomba Wanuri Kahiu abadilishe mwisho wa filamu usiwe tumaini lakini Kahiu alisema hapana. Kwa hiyo, KFCB walionya watu kwamba wakinunua filamu wanaweza kuenda jela. Wapigania haki za ushoga wa kimataifa walikasirika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ban of Kenyan film over lesbianism criticised|url=https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Ban-of-Kenyan-film-over-lesbianism-criticised/1056-4535138-iuvqlo/index.html|work=Daily Nation|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en}}</ref> Kisha, Wanuri Kahiu alidai [[serikali]] ya Kenya kwa sababu alitaka kuingia Tuzo la Chuo (Academy Award) cha Filamu Bora ya Lugha ya Kigeni kwa mwaka tisini na moja za maadhimisho<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Govt Sued for Preventing Kenyan Movie From Winning Oscars|url=https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/33039-government-sued-preventing-kenyan-movie-winning-oscars|work=Kenyans.co.ke|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=EN|author=Mumbi Mutuko on 11 September 2018-6:45 pm}}</ref>. Mnamo [[21 Septemba]] 2018, [[Mahakama Kuu]] ya Wakenya iliondoa marufuku ya filamu kwa siku saba<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=High Court lifts ban on lesbian movie, dismisses moral police Ezekiel Mutua|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/286608-high-court-lifts-ban-controversial-lesbian-movie-dismisses-moral-police-ezekiel-mutua.html|work=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news.|date=2018-09-21|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en|author=Tuko.co.ke}}</ref>.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=High court lifts ban on lesbian themed movie 'Rafiki'|url=https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-09-21-high-court-lifts-ban-on-lesbian-themed-movie-rafiki/|work=The Star|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en-KE}}</ref> Baada ya marufuku kutolewa, “Rafiki” iliuzwa kabisa kutoka sinema katika jiji la Nairobi<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Lesbian film Rafiki sells out after Kenyan court lifts ban|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/lesbian-film-rafiki-sells-out-after-kenyan-court-lifts-ban-20180924-p505k2.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=2018-09-23|accessdate=2020-03-05|language=en|author=Cecilie Kallestrup}}</ref>. Lakini, hata hivyo, “Rafiki” haikuenda Tuzo la Chuo. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== *https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)#tab=summary {{Wayback|url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Rafiki-(Kenya)-(2018)#tab=summary |date=20240203144814 }} *https://twitter.com/InfoKfcb/status/989837096251781120 *https://www.nation.co.ke/news/Ban-of-Kenyan-film-over-lesbianism-criticised/1056-4535138-iuvqlo/index.html *https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43922780 *https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/festival/films/rafiki *https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/33039-government-sued-preventing-kenyan-movie-winning-oscars *https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-09-21-high-court-lifts-ban-on-lesbian-themed-movie-rafiki/ *https://www.tuko.co.ke/286608-high-court-lifts-ban-controversial-lesbian-movie-dismisses-moral-police-ezekiel-mutua.html#286608 *https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/lesbian-film-rafiki-sells-out-after-kenyan-court-lifts-ban-20180924-p505k2.html *https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/kenyan-director-wanuri-kahiu-is-fun-fierce-frivolous-timely-1145485 *https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki {{Wayback|url=https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/zm8eaj/meet-the-stars-of-kenyas-banned-lesbian-drama-rafiki |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} |date=20201028033653 }} *https://www.eelive.ng/what-i-learnt-from-my-lesbian-role-in-rafiki-samantha-mugatsia/ {{mbegu-filamu}} [[Jamii:Filamu za Kenya]] [[Jamii:filamu za 2018]] 0byxz8nzot76109gfk9gnx0gness8tt Kevin Hassett 0 132572 1543992 1516845 2026-05-15T23:33:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543992 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Kevin Hassett official photo.jpg|thumb|picha ya kevin Hassett (2018)]] '''Kevin Allen Hassett''' (amezaliwa [[20 Machi]] [[1962]]) ni [[mchumi]] wa [[Marekani]] ambaye alikuwa Mshauri Mkuu wa Rais na Mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Washauri wa Kiuchumi katika utawala wa [[Donald Trump]] kutoka mwaka [[2017]] hadi [[2019]]. Ameandika [[vitabu]] kadhaa kikiwemo ''Dow 36,000'', kiliyochapishwa mnamo [[1999]], ambacho kilielezea kwamba [[soko la hisa]] lilikuwa juu. Muda mfupi baadaye, ''dot-com bubble'' ilipasuka, na kusababisha kushuka kwa [[bei]] ya soko la hisa. Hassett amefanya kazi katika Taasisi ya Biashara ya [[Amerika]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Thomas|first1=Lauren |last2=Mui|first2=Ylan|title=Trump picks conservative think tanker to chair Council of Economic Advisers|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/02/24/trump-picks-conservative-think-tanker-for-council-of-economic-advisers.html |access-date=April 18, 2017|publisher=CNBC|date=February 24, 2017}}</ref>Alikuwa mshauri mkuu wa uchumi katika mchujo wa urais wa Chama cha Republican cha [[Amerika]], na pia mshauri wa uchumi wa mwaka [[2004]] katika uchaguzi wa rais wa Amerika mnamo mwaka [[2004]] katika kampeni ya [[George W. Bush]] na mwaka [[2008]] katika kampeni ya ''McCain''. Alikuwa tena mshauri wa uchumi katika Kampeni ya urais mnamo mwaka [[2012]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.nationaljournal.com/pictures-video/who-are-obama-s-and-romney-s-key-economic-advisers-pictures-20120427|title=Who Are Obama's and Romney's Key Economic Advisers?|website=nationaljournal.com}}</ref> Katika utawala wa Trump, Hassett alikuwa Mwenyekiti wa 29 wa Baraza la Washauri wa Kiuchumi kutoka [[Septemba]] [[2017]] hadi [[Juni]] [[2019]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-04-07/trump-names-kevin-hassett-to-head-council-of-economic-advisers |title= Trump Names Hassett to Head Council of Economic Advisers |author= Michelle Jamrisko |publisher=[[Bloomberg News]] |access-date= April 9, 2017 |date= April 7, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/04/10/news/economy/kevin-hassett-economic-adviser-trump/index.html|title=Meet Trump's newest economic adviser: Kevin Hassett|last=Long|first=Heather|date=April 10, 2017|website=CNNMoney|access-date=April 11, 2017|archive-date=2021-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225031642/https://money.cnn.com/2017/04/10/news/economy/kevin-hassett-economic-adviser-trump/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=115&session=1&vote=00194|title=Roll call vote PN457|last1=Lawler|first1=Joseph |date=September 12, 2017|work=United States Senate|access-date=September 12, 2017}}</ref> ==Maerejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasayansi}} {{BD|1962|}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] 7tlitigfifldbh7n2mbhkqtxslp6qzq Soseji 0 133660 1544111 1242860 2026-05-16T05:46:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544111 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Bar-b-que-sausages.jpg|right|thumb| Soseji zinazokaangwa]] [[File:Sausage_production_italy_01.ogv|thumb|Kujaza soseji kwa mkono]] [[File:Sausage_production_italy_02.ogv|thumb|Kutenganisha soseji]] '''Soseji''' ni [[chakula]] kilichotengenezwa kwa [[nyama]] iliyosagwa au kukatwa kwa vipande vidogo, kuchanganywa na [[chumvi]] na [[Kiungo (chakula)|viungo]] halafu kujazwa katika sehemu za [[utumbo]] au [[Mrija|mirija]] ya [[plastiki]]. Kwa aina mbalimbali za soseji viwango vya [[nafaka]] au [[mkate]] vinaweza kuongezwa katika mchanganyiko. [[Jina]] soseji limeingia katika [[Kiswahili]] kutoka [[Kiingereza]] "sausage"; [[asili]] yake ni [[Kilatini]] "salsica" yenye maana ya "iliyotolewa chumvi". Vipande virefu vinavyotokea baada ya kujaza hutenganishwa kwa kufunga sehemu kwa [[kamba]] au kuviringisha vipande vinavyoweza kukatwa baada ya kupika. Soseji nyingi hupikwa baada ya kutengenezwa. Aina nyingine zinawekwa katika [[moshi]] juu ya [[moto]] zikiiva humo kwa [[muda]] wa [[siku]] au [[wiki]] kadhaa. Aina kadhaa hukauka tu [[Hewa|hewani]]. Soseji za kupikwa zinaweza kufungwa katika [[kopo]] au [[glasi]] ambako zinaweza kudumu muda mrefu. Siku hizi soseji hutengenezwa mara nyingi [[Kiwanda|kiwandani]] kwa kutumia [[mashine]] zinazosaga nyama nyingi na kutengeneza soseji mfululizo. Soseji zimetengenezwa tangu kale. Kwa upande moja ni njia ya kutunza nyama kwa muda kabla ya matumizi kwa kuongeza chumvi inayoozuia [[bakteria]] na kuziweka katika moshi inayozuia [[wadudu]] kutega [[mayai]] mle. Mbinu hiyo ni vigumu katika [[mazingira]] ya [[joto]] pasipo [[jokofu]]. Kwa upande mwingine soseji, hata kama zinaliwa mara moja, ni njia ya kutumia sehemu za nyama zisizopendeza peke yake, kwa mfano vipande vya [[kichwa]], [[midomo]], [[masikio]], vipande vidogo vinavyopatikana kati ya [[mifupa]], [[moyo]], na viungo vya ndani ya [[mwili]], pamoja na utumbo. Mara nyingi hata [[damu]] inaweza kutumiwa kwa aina kadhaa za soseji. Soseji zinaweza kuliwa peke yake, pamoja na [[mkate]] baridi, zinaweza kupikwa pamoja na [[mboga]] ya [[majani]]. Ziko aina zinazofaa kuliwa bila kupashwa moto. Nchi nyingi na hata [[mikoa]] huwa na soseji za pekee ziazotautiana katika [[ladha]] na mwonekano. ==Picha== <gallery mode="packed"> File:Salami aka.jpg|[[Salami (chakula)|Salami]] ni soseji iliyokauka hewani au kwenye moshi File:Veg sausages beans.jpg|Soseji bila nyama pamoja na maharagwe kwenye mkate File:Chorizo cortado.jpg|Chorizo ni soseji ya Hispania File:Small sausage rolls.jpg|Soseji 2 za "hot dog" katika mkate kwenye sahani File:Tray-of-sausages.jpg|Soseji baada ya kukaanga File:Sausage Sandwich.jpg|Soseji ndogo zilizokaangwa pamoja mkate, yai na mchuzi wa nyanya File:Raw sausages.jpg|Soseji bichi File:Grillen (10584565295).jpg|Soseji zikikaangwa File:Yam mu yo.jpg|''Yam mu yo'' ni saladi ya soseji kutoka [[Uthai]] File:Alloco.JPG|Vipande vya soseji na "alloco" (ndizi), [[Abidjan]] (Cote d'Ivoire) File:Salmon Sausage Poland.jpg|Soseji ya nyama ya samaki File:Mì tôm xúc xích năm 2015.jpg|Soseji </gallery> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Tovuti za Nje == {{commons category|Sausages}} * [http://www.englishbreakfastsociety.com/british-sausage.html The British Sausage] * [http://www.foodsubs.com/MeatcureSausage.html Cook’s Thesaurus: ''Sausages''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.foodsubs.com/MeatcureSausage.html |date=20110607164540 }} {{mbegu-utamaduni}} [[Jamii:Chakula]] 61g1dkdh0lzfw4itckci0ju9jh4btd3 Lauren Williams (mwandishi wa habari) 0 135967 1544036 1517881 2026-05-16T01:07:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Mtu |rangi = |jina = Lauren Williams (mwandishi wa habari) |picha =Lauren Williams 2015.JPG |maelezo_ya_picha =Lauren_Williams mnamo [[2015]] |jina la kuzaliwa = |alizaliwa = |alikufa = |nchi = [[Marekani]] |kazi yake =[[mwandishi wa habari]] |ndoa = |wazazi = |watoto = |tovuti rasmi = }} '''Lauren Williams''' ni [[mwandishi wa habari]] wa [[Marekani]]. Alianza kufanya [[kazi]] na [[jarida]] la The Root kama [[mhariri]] mshirika [[mwaka]] [[2010]]<ref name="huffpo" /> akapandishwa kuwa naibu mhariri mwezi mnamo [[Disemba]] mwaka [[2011]] na kufanya [[kazi]] kwenye kitengo hicho kwa miaka miwili na miezi mitano.<ref name="huffpo" /> Baadaye akafanya [[kazi]] kama mhariri wa [[habari]] akiwa na jarida la Mother Jones kabla ya kuajiriwa kwenye [[tovuti]] ya Vox.<ref name="huffpo">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Dunn|first=Laura Emily|date=2017-03-31|title=Women in Business Q&A: Lauren Williams, Executive Editor, Vox.com|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/women-in-business-qa-lauren-williams-executive-editor_b_58de0b8ce4b04ba4a5e252aa|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-18|website=HuffPost|language=en}}</ref> Williams alianza kufanya kazi na Vox kama mhariri msimamizi mwaka [[2014]] miezi miwili baada ya kuzinduliwa.<ref name="variety2020" /> Akawa mhariri mtendaji [[mwaka]] [[2017]] na miezi tisa baadae alipandishwa mpaka kuwa mhariri mkuu,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Vox Promotes Lauren Williams to Executive Editor, Makes Additional Staffing Moves|url=https://www.adweek.com/performance-marketing/vox-promotes-lauren-williams-to-executive-editor-makes-additional-staffing-moves/|access-date=2021-02-18|language=en-US}}</ref> akichukua nafasi ya Ezra Klein, na pia akabeba majukumu ya [[Makamu wa rais]].<ref name="cnn">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Stelter|first=Brian|date=2017-09-26|title=Lauren Williams named editor in chief of Vox; Ezra Klein to be editor at large|url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/09/26/media/ezra-klein-vox-lauren-williams/index.html|access-date=2021-02-18|website=CNNMoney|archive-date=2019-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608151219/https://money.cnn.com/2017/09/26/media/ezra-klein-vox-lauren-williams/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="nyt">{{Rejea habari|last=Tracy|first=Marc|date=2021-02-16|title=Vox Finds Its Next Top Editor at The Atlantic|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/16/business/media/vox-editor-swati-sharma.html|access-date=2021-02-18|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> wakati wa umiliki wake alisimamia biashara zote za Vox.com pamoja na vitengo vyote vya uhariri, kituo cha YouTube, madarasa yaliyopangwa, pamoja na programu za televisheni.<ref name="variety2020">{{cite web|last1=Spangler|first1=Todd|date=2020-11-20|title=Vox Co-Founder Ezra Klein Exiting for NY Times, Top Editor Lauren Williams Leaving to Launch Nonprofit|url=https://variety.com/2020/digital/news/vox-ezra-klein-lauren-williams-leaving-1234836784/|url-status=live|access-date=18 February 2021|website=Variety}}</ref> Aliacha kufanya kazi na shirika hilo mwaka [[2021]] kwa lengo lakuzindua shirika la habari lisilotengeneza faida la Watu Weusi lenye jina ''Capital B'' akishirikiana na Akoto Ofori-Atta.<ref name="variety2020" /><ref name="axios">{{Rejea tovuti|last=Fischer|first=Sara|date=2020-11-20|title=Ezra Klein and Lauren Williams are leaving Vox|url=https://www.axios.com/vox-ezra-klein-lauren-williams-leaving-4786b4b4-707e-447e-b45b-2c4aad3cbbc3.html|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-02-18|website=Axios|language=en|archive-date=2020-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120214243/https://www.axios.com/vox-ezra-klein-lauren-williams-leaving-4786b4b4-707e-447e-b45b-2c4aad3cbbc3.html}}</ref> Williams ameolewa.<ref name="huffpo" /> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:waandishi wa habari]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Arusha Translation-a-thon]] actlzar9sx46az6hqq179ek3rvzppuv Gwen Ifill 0 136190 1543952 1513230 2026-05-15T21:24:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Gwendolyn L. Ifill |picha = Gwen_Ifill_PBS_Newshour_cropped_retouched.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Gwendolyn L. Ifill |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = 29 Septemba, 1955 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Marekani |tarehe_ya_kufariki = Novemba 14, 2016 |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = Mwandishi wa habari |nchi = }} [[Faili:Gwen Ifill by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|Ifill mnamo mwaka 2010]] [[Faili:Gwen Ifill at Peabody Awards in 2009.jpg|alt=Ifill katika sherehe ya Tuzo za Peabody 2009|thumb|Ifill katika sherehe ya Tuzo za Peabody 2009]] '''Gwendolyn L. Ifill''' alizaliwa mnamo [[29 Septemba]], [[1955]] - Novemba 14, [[2016]] <ref name="DeathPolitico">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Sutton|first=Kelsey|title=Gwen Ifill dead at age 61|date=2016-11-14|work=[[Politico]]|accessdate=2016-11-14|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/on-media/2016/11/gwen-ifill-dies-at-age-61-231347}}</ref> alikuwa [[mwandishi wa habari]], mtangazaji wa [[televisheni]], na [[mwandishi]] wa [[Marekani]]. Mwaka [[1999]], alikuwa [[Wamarekani weusi|Mmarekani mweusi]] [[mwanamke]] wa kwanza kutangaza kwenye [[runinga]] ya Marekani [[:en:Public_affairs_(broadcasting)|public affairs]] katika kipindi cha ''[[:en:Washington_Week_in_Review|Washington Week in Review]]''. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Byers|first=Dylan|title=PBS newscaster Gwen Ifill has died|url=https://money.cnn.com/2016/11/14/media/gwen-ifill-obituary/index.html|publisher=CNN|accessdate=November 16, 2016|date=November 15, 2016|archive-date=2016-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114204911/https://money.cnn.com/2016/11/14/media/gwen-ifill-obituary/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alikuwa msimamizi na mhariri anayesimamia kipindi cha ''[[:en:Washington_Week|Washington Week]]'' na nanga-mwenza na mhariri mwenza wa kusimamia, na Judy Woodruff, wa ''PBS NewsHour'', kwenye PBS .Ifill alikuwa mchambuzi wa kisiasa na alisimamia mijadala ya makamu wa rais wa 2004 na 2008. Aliandika kitabu kilichouzwa zaidi ''The Breakthrough: Politics and Race in the Age of Obama'' . <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Jones|first=Vanessa E.|title=Breaking through|url=http://archive.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2009/03/05/breaking_through/|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|accessdate=November 14, 2016|date=March 5, 2009}}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Ifill alizaliwa katika kitongoji cha Queens cha Jamaika katika [[New York|Jiji la New York]], <ref>Roberts, Sam. </ref> alikua mtoto wa tano kati ya watoto sita wa [[African Methodist Episcopal Church|waziri wa Maaskofu wa]] Kiethodisti wa Kiafrika (AME) (Oliver) Urcille Ifill, Sr., Panamanian mwenye asili ya Barbadist ambaye alihama kutoka Panama, na Eleanor Ifill, ambaye alikuwa tokea Barbados. <ref name="biography">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gwen Ifill Biography|url=http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=212144|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001051535/http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=212144|archivedate=October 1, 2008|work=Biography|year=2008|accessdate=September 18, 2008}}</ref> <ref name="answers">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Carol Brennan|title=Black Biography: Gwen Ifill|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/gwen-ifill|work=Contemporary Black Biography|publisher=Gale Group|year=2008|accessdate=September 18, 2008}}</ref> Huduma ya baba yake ilihitaji familia kuishi katika miji kadhaa huko [[New England]] na kwenye Seaboard ya Mashariki wakati wa ujana wake, ambapo alichunga makanisa ya AME. Alipokuwa mtoto aliishi katika [[Pennsylvania|nyumba za kanisa za Pennsylvania]] na [[Massachusetts]] na katika nyumba za ruzuku za serikali huko [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]] na New York City. <ref name="Time profile">{{Rejea jarida|last=Suddath, Claire|date=October 2, 2008|title=Debate Moderator Gwen Ifill|url=http://www.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1846354,00.html|journal=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=October 3, 2008|archive-date=2016-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115132155/http://content.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1846354,00.html|dead-url=yes|=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115132155/http://content.time.com/time/politics/article/0,8599,1846354,00.html}}</ref> Ifill alihitimu kutoka ''Springfield Central High School Springfield, Massachusetts'' (wakati huo Shule ya Upili ya Classical) mnamo [[1973]]. <ref>[https://www.masslive.com/entertainment/2016/11/pbs_anchor_gwen_ifill_former_s.html]</ref> Alihitimu mnamo [[1977]] na kapata Shahada ya Sanaa katika mawasiliano kutoka Chuo cha ''Simmons'', chuo cha wanawake huko [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], [[Massachusetts]] . <ref name="nndb">{{Rejea tovuti|accessdate=September 6, 2008|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/065/000044930/|title=Gwen Ifill|work=The Notable Names Database|publisher=nndb.com|year=2008}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Arusha Translation-a-thon]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]] tp3rz4l7ccd58mg48f99bwb8itty4i7 Nanfadima Magassouba 0 147408 1544064 1521839 2026-05-16T03:26:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Nanfadima Magassouba |picha = |maelezo_ya_picha = |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = Mwanaharakati na Mwanasiasa |nchi = Ghana }} '''Nanfadima Magassouba''' ni [[mwanaharakati]] wa [[haki]] za [[wanawake]] wa [[Guinea]] na [[mwanasiasa]]. Alikuwa mkuu wa Muungano wa [[Taifa|Kitaifa]] wa Haki na [[Uraia]] wa Wanawake wa Guinea (CONAG-DCF), <ref name="Kippenberg2007">{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KAEwHW2bFnMC&pg=PA35|title=Bottom of the Ladder: Exploitation and Abuse of Girl Domestic Workers in Guinea|last=Juliane Kippenberg|publisher=Human Rights Watch|year=2007|page=35|id=GGKEY:S7AZA39WY3Q}}</ref> tangu [[2013]] amekuwa mjumbe wa Bunge la Kitaifa la Guinea. == Maisha == Magassoubawas Alizaliwa huko Koundara Prefecture . <ref>Diallo Maimouna and Madjou Bah, [http://www.plus224.com/koundara-nanfadima-magassouba-appelle-les-communautes-a-lunite/ Koundara : Nanfadima Magassouba appelle les communautés à l’unité] {{Wayback|url=http://www.plus224.com/koundara-nanfadima-magassouba-appelle-les-communautes-a-lunite/ |date=20210323233045 }}, plus224.com, February 27, 2015.</ref> Ingawa amefanya kazi na vyama vya wafanyakazi na vikundi vya jumuiya kwa miongo mitatu, alitambuliwa zaidi kama rais wa CONAG-DCF. Chini ya uongozi wa Magassouba, CONAG ilipata hadhi ya kitaifa kama shirika linaloongoza la haki za wanawake, na ilitambuliwa kama kikundi cha ushauri kwa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] . <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWKbhkKlrbk Objectif 8 - Nanfadima Magassouba], May 13, 2008</ref> Katika uchaguzi wa 2013 alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge]] la Kitaifa la Rally of the Guinean People (RPG). Amekuwa [[Waziri]] wa Mshikamano wa Kitaifa, na Ukuzaji wa [[Wanawake]] na Watoto nchini Guinea. <ref name="Turner2017">{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h5LlDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA564|title=The Statesman's Yearbook 2011: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World|last=B. Turner|publisher=Springer|year=2017|isbn=978-1-349-58635-6|page=564}}</ref> Aliyepewa sifa ya kuhakikisha ushindi wa [[Alpha Condé]] huko Koundara kwenye uchaguzi wa urais wa Guinea wa 2015, <ref>Madjou Bah, [http://www.plus224.com/presidentielle-2015-voici-lartisane-de-la-victoire-dalpha-conde-a-koundara/ Présidentielle 2015 : voici l’artisane de la victoire d’Alpha Condé à Koundara] {{Wayback|url=http://www.plus224.com/presidentielle-2015-voici-lartisane-de-la-victoire-dalpha-conde-a-koundara/ |date=20210323233035 }}, plus224.com, October 30, 2015.</ref> Magassoubawas aliendelea kuwa mwanaharakati wa RPG anayeonekana huko Koundara. <ref>[http://www.plus224.com/prochaines-municipales-a-koundara-la-deputee-nanfadima-magassouba-deja-a-la-tache/ Prochaines municipales à Koundara : la députée Nanfadima Magassouba déjà à la tâche] {{Wayback|url=http://www.plus224.com/prochaines-municipales-a-koundara-la-deputee-nanfadima-magassouba-deja-a-la-tache/ |date=20210323233056 }}, plus224.com, June 8, 2016.</ref> Mnamo Juni [[2016]] aliteuliwa kurithi nafasi ya Mamady Diawara kama mwenyekiti wa tume ya wajumbe ya Muungano wa RPG Rainbow Alliance. <ref name="June2016">Madjou Bah, [http://www.plus224.com/guinee-nanfadima-magassouba-promue-presidente-de-commission-a-lassemblee-nationale/ Guinée : Nanfadima Magassouba promue présidente de commission à l’Assemblée nationale] {{Wayback|url=http://www.plus224.com/guinee-nanfadima-magassouba-promue-presidente-de-commission-a-lassemblee-nationale/ |date=20210323233048 }}, June 27, 2016.</ref> Mnamo Mei [[2017]] Magassouba alishiriki kwenye Kongamano la 4 la Viongozi wa Kisiasa Afrika katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Yale]] . <ref>[https://mujeresporafrica.es/en/noticias/4th-forum-for-african-women-political-leaders-at-yale-university/ 4th Forum for African Women Political Leaders at Yale University], Fundación Mujeres por África, May 11, 2017.</ref> Magassoubawa aliwahi kuwa [[raisi]] wa mtandao wa wabunge wanawake, <ref name="June2016"/> kabla ya kurithiwa Julai 2016 na Fatoumata Binta Diallo wa Muungano wa Vikosi vya Kidemokrasia vya Guinea . Kama mbunge mwanamke, alionyeshwa kupinga kuhalalishwa kwa mitala nchini Guinea . Mnamo [[Desemba 29]] [[2018]], pamoja na wabunge wote wanawake 26, <ref>[https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/politique-africaine/legalisation-de-la-polygamie-en-guinee-un-coq-pour-dix-poules-non-merci-clame-une-deputee_3136505.html Légalisation de la polygamie en Guinée: "Un coq pour dix poules?" Non merci, clame une députée], franceinfo, 9 January 2019.</ref> Magassouba alipinga kupiga kura kwa ajili ya marekebisho ya Kanuni ya Kiraia ambayo ililenga kuhalalisha ndoa za wake wengi, <ref>Mildred Europa Taylor, [https://face2faceafrica.com/article/guinea-becomes-latest-african-country-to-legalise-polygamyy Guinea becomes latest African country to legalise polygamy], ''Face 2 Face Africa'', January 8, 2019.</ref> ambayo ilikuwa imepigwa marufuku tangu [[1968]]: == Marejeleo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Guinea]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Guinea]] p2jqin9h6akynyrntx3k6vcr8eou6os Vero (programu) 0 158189 1543714 1543639 2026-05-15T13:17:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543714 wikitext text/x-wiki Vero (iliyowekwa mtindo kama VERO) ni jukwaa la [[Mtandao wa kijamii|mitandao ya kijamii]] na [[kampuni]] ya programu ya [[Simu za mikononi|simu za mkononi]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/02/28/technology/vero-app-founder-ayman-hariri/index.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2022-09-08 |archive-date=2022-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823104427/https://money.cnn.com/2018/02/28/technology/vero-app-founder-ayman-hariri/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>https://www.fastcompany.com/40535975/what-is-vero-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-rising-social-media-platform</ref> Vero inajiuza yenyewe kama [[mtandao wa kijamii]] usio na matangazo, uchimbaji wa data na algorithm.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-43208162</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:USLW Iringa]] [[Jamii:Mitandao ya kijamii]] l0axto6hrbkv7bmuw6906ro8vur8aqj Sabine Fuss 0 170958 1544099 1524877 2026-05-16T05:07:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544099 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sabine Fuss''' ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa [[hali ya hewa]] wa [[Ujerumani]]<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=IPCC Authors (beta) |url=https://archive.ipcc.ch/report/authors/report.authors.php?q=32&p=&p |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210406061518/https://archive.ipcc.ch/report/authors/report.authors.php?q=32&p=&p= |archive-date=6 April 2021 |access-date=2021-04-06 |website=archive.ipcc.ch}}</ref>.Ni [[Kiongozi]] wa kikundi cha "Usimamizi endelevu wa [[Rasilmali|Rasilimali]] na mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa ulimwenguni" katika Taasisi ya [[Utafiti]] ya Mercator(MCC).Sabine Fuss ni [[profesa]] katika Chuo Kikuu cha Humboldt cha [[Berlin]]<ref name="appointed">{{Cite press release |title=MCC-Forscherin Fuss zu Professorin berufen |date=2 February 2018 |url=https://idw-online.de/de/news698634 |language=de-DE |last1=Löhe |first1=Fabian |access-date=2021-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124162541/https://idw-online.de/de/news698634 |archive-date=24 November 2018 |trans-title=MCC researcher Fuss appointed professor |url-status=live |website=idw-online.de |archivedate=2018-11-24 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124162541/https://idw-online.de/de/news698634 }}</ref>. ==Maisha== Fuss alipata shahada ya [[uzamili]] ya uchumi wa kimataifa na udaktari katika maendeleo endelevu katika sekta ya nishati kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Maastricht. Alifanya kazi katika Taasisi ya Kimataifa ya Uchambuzi wa Mifumo Inayotumika. Mnamo mwaka 2018 aliteuliwa kuwa profesa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Humboldt cha Berlin <ref name="appointed"/>. ==Kazi== Maslahi ya utafiti ya Fuss ni pamoja na usimamizi wa rasilimali kwa kuzingatia hasa uchanganuzi wa mifumo, kufanya maamuzi chini ya hali isiyo na uhakika, tathmini iliyojumuishwa inayolenga kupunguza na kukabiliana na mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa, mifumo ya [[usimamizi]] wa [[kaboni dioksidi]] , maendeleo yanayoendana na hali ya hewa, na sera ya hali ya hewa<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Fuss, Sabine – Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (MCC) |url=https://www.mcc-berlin.net/ueber-uns/team/fuss-sabine.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124213134/https://www.mcc-berlin.net/ueber-uns/team/fuss-sabine.html |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=2021-04-06 |website=www.mcc-berlin.net}}</ref>. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Swahili climate voices]] [[Jamii:wanasayansi wa Ujerumani]] ni3e1wpiczsbuyh08itj4x3m447ufoh Alexander Pollak 0 183984 1543783 1432011 2026-05-15T14:33:02Z Dromedar61 38272 new photo 1543783 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Alexander Pollak - SOS Mitmensch-Preis 2026 BHO-1323.jpg|thumb|Alexander Pollak (2026)]] '''Alexander Pollak''' ([[16 Julai]] [[1973]], [[Vienna]]) ni [[mwanahistoria]], [[mwandishi]] na [[mwanaharakati]] wa [[haki za binadamu]] wa [[Austria]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/alexander-pollak-ueber-fluechtlinge-das-burkaverbot-hat-die-stimmung-auf-der-strasse-verschaerft-1.3723566| title = Menschenrechtler Alexander Pollak aus Wien im Interview|first=Jana|last=Anzlinger|website=Süddeutsche.de}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://apps.derstandard.at/privacywall/story/2000072710515/sos-mitmensch-ein-mann-mit-taferl-gegen-rechts| title = Alexander Pollak von SOS Mitmensch: Ein Mann mit Taferl gegen rechts - derStandard.at|website=DER STANDARD}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[jamii:waliozaliwa 1973]] [[jamii:watu walio hai]] [[jamii:Wiki4HumanRights 2024]] [[jamii:Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha]] [[jamii:wanaharakati wa Austria]] sggmsmh32b4ybvqwhf4p7z2frd18aaj Gwen Sebastian 0 202491 1543917 1513235 2026-05-15T19:57:49Z Der-Wir-Ing 18922 -linkspam 1543917 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gwen Noel Sebastian''' ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi wa nyimbo]] wa muziki wa [[country]] kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://countryexclusive.com/female-fridays-featuring-gwen-sebastian/|title=Female Fridays: Featuring Gwen Sebastian|date=August 14, 2015|accessdate=December 24, 2024}}</ref><ref name="about">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.gwensebastian.com/|title=Gwen Sebastian &#124; Country Music Artist|website=Gwensebastian.com|access-date=June 30, 2010|archive-date=May 27, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527043920/http://www.gwensebastian.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} {{BD|1974|}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Marekani]] t58akrrjf9gti56a9mkhbr7fumru1mn Yvonne Curtet 0 202881 1543741 1529861 2026-05-15T14:05:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543741 wikitext text/x-wiki [[picha:Yvonne Curtet-Chabot 1948 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Yvonne Alice Curtet]] '''Yvonne Alice Curtet''' ([[28 Mei]] [[1920]] – [[21 Februari]] [[2025]]) alikuwa [[mwanariadha]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]], ambaye alijulikana kwa ufanisi wake katika kuruka mrefu. Alizaliwa Cannes.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://trackfield.brinkster.net/RecProgression.asp?RecCode=OR&EventCode=WF3&P=F|title=Olympic long jump record progression - women|website=trackfield.brinkster.net|access-date=7 December 2015}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417183829/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ch/yvonne-chabot-curtet-1.html Yvonne Curtet]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2016-03-13.</ref><ref>Villaseñor, Miguel (2012). [http://www.rfea.es/aeea/rumbo_helsinki2012/capitulos/capitulo_22_miscelanea_Europeos.pdf European Championships Miscellaneous] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016154644/http://www.rfea.es/aeea/rumbo_helsinki2012/capitulos/capitulo_22_miscelanea_Europeos.pdf|date=2012-10-16}}. RFEA. Retrieved on 2016-03-13.</ref><ref name="OLO">{{cite web|author=Tchir, Paul.|url=https://acsweb.ucsd.edu/~ptchir/|title=List of the Oldest Living Olympians (aged 90+)|publisher=acsweb.ucsd.edu|date=30 January 2023|access-date=31 January 2023|archive-date=2018-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180414041422/http://acsweb.ucsd.edu/~ptchir/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The secrets to a long and healthy life from former world’s oldest Olympian Felix Sienra|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/oldest-olympian-felix-sienra-revealed-secrets-long-life|last=Binner|first=Andrew|publisher=Olympics.com|date=February 23, 2023|access-date=September 24, 2024}}</ref> == Maisha na Kazi == Curtet alikamata nambari nane katika kuruka mrefu wakati wa Olympics ya London ya [[1948]], kwa kuruka umbali wa 5.35 m. Katika mchakato wa kufuzu kwa fainali, aliweka rekodi ya kwanza ya [[Michezo ya Olimpiki|Olimpiki]] kwa wanawake kwa kuruka umbali wa 5.64 m. Alishindana pia katika Mashindano ya [[Ulaya]] ya Riadha ya [[1950]] na alimaliza nambari ya nne katika mashindano hayo. Mzunguko wake wa pili wa Olimpiki ulimalizika kwa kumaliza nambari ya 23 katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya [[1952]]. == Marejeo == <nowiki>{{eflist}}</nowiki> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1920]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Wanariadha wa Ufaransa]] <references />{{Mbegu-mtu}} 518y9nrnv2p0bz3b683hcioaiabmkz6 Leah Juliett 0 204780 1544039 1517944 2026-05-16T01:12:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Leah Juliett''' (née '''Leah Ann Ciccone'''; alizaliwa Waterbury, Connecticut <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Grant |first=Keisha |title='Women of Worth' Honoree From Wolcott Fights Cyber Sexual Abuse |url=https://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/local/women-of-worth-honoree-from-wolcott-fights-cyber-sexual-abuse/2370757/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=NBC Connecticut |date=26 November 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref>, [[Januari 30]], [[1997]]) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Leah Juliett – Previously held position: Senate Democratic Media Center (March 2019-Dec. 2019) Sen. Chuck Schumer (D-NY), Writer – Biography {{!}} LegiStorm |url=https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/326867/Leah_A_Ciccone.html |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=www.legistorm.com |language=en}}</ref> ni [[mwanaharakati]] wa LGBTQ+ wa [[Marekani]], <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |date=2018-04-04 |title=We Should All Know the Names of These LGBTQ Changemakers |url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/glaad-names-3-lgbtq-activists-as-this-years-rising-stars |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Teen Vogue |language=en-US}}</ref> mshairi wa maneno, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Meet Leah Juliett: Pageant Queen, Poet, Activist and Author – Connecticut Voice |url=https://ctvoice.com/2022/02/25/meet-leah-juliett-pageant-queen-poet-activist-and-author/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=ctvoice.com}}</ref> kiongozi asiye na faida, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-06-28 |title=This Pride Month & Beyond, We Need Safe & Inclusive Workplaces for ALL |url=https://timesupfoundation.org/this-pride-month-beyond-we-need-safe-inclusive-workplaces-for-all/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=TIME'S UP Foundation |language=en |archive-date=2022-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230134403/https://timesupfoundation.org/this-pride-month-beyond-we-need-safe-inclusive-workplaces-for-all/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> na mfadhili aliyeshinda tuzo. Mnamo 2021, Juliett alitoa mkusanyo wake wa kwanza wa mashairi, Naked in Public.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Noble |first=Barnes & |title=Naked in Public{{!}}Paperback |url=https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/naked-in-public-leah-juliett/1140759450 |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Barnes & Noble |language=en}}</ref> Juliett si jina la kawaida <ref name=":5">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Leah Juliett Shares What It's Like To Come Out Three Times |url=https://www.lorealparisusa.com/beauty-magazine/beauty-tips/beauty-trends/leah-juliett-on-being-queer-non-binary |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=L'Oréal Paris |language=en-US}}</ref> na hutumia viwakilishi vyao. <ref name="Chaiken">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Chaiken |first=Mike |title=In the Wings: Leah Juliett, Miss Greater Waterbury, returns with a cause {{!}} Republican-American |url=https://www.rep-am.com/featured/2022/02/23/in-the-wings-leah-juliett-miss-greater-waterbury-returns-with-a-cause/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Juliett alihudumu kama Rais wa Serikali ya Wanafunzi na Muungano wa Mashoga-Straight katika Shule ya Upili ya Wolcott <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Begnal |first=Martin |title=Teens punch hole in 'Wolcott bubble' {{!}} Republican American Archives |date=22 February 2015 |url=https://archives.rep-am.com/2015/02/22/teens-punch-hole-in-wolcott-bubble/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230082935/https://archives.rep-am.com/2015/02/22/teens-punch-hole-in-wolcott-bubble/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> na alihudhuria Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la Western Connecticut, ambapo alijizolea sifa katika Sayansi ya Siasa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Department Alumni – Social Sciences |url=https://www.wcsu.edu/socialsci/alumni/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=www.wcsu.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Kirby |first=Rich |date=July 16, 2018 |title=WCSU Senior Named a 2018 College Woman of the Year by Glamour |url=https://patch.com/connecticut/danbury/wcsu-senior-named-2018-college-woman-year-glamour |access-date=December 30, 2022 |website=The Patch |language=en}}</ref> Juliett alikuwa mwathirika wa nyenzo za unyanyasaji wa kijinsia kwa watoto (CSAM) na kulipiza kisasi ponografia walipokuwa kijana. <ref>{{Citation |last=Juliett |first=Leah |title=How I Survived Revenge Porn |date=2019-03-28 |url=https://www.ted.com/talks/leah_juliett_how_i_survived_revenge_porn |access-date=2022-12-30}}</ref> == Utetezi == Mnamo mwaka wa [[2016]], kama Mwanafunzi wa Chuo, Juliett alianzisha shirika lisilo la faida la March Against Revenge Porn, ambalo huhamasisha unyanyasaji wa kingono unaowezeshwa na teknolojia.<ref name="Roberts">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Roberts |first=Laura |date=March 28, 2017 |title=CT college student leading movement, founding march against revenge porn |url=https://www.fox61.com/article/news/local/outreach/awareness-months/ct-college-student-leading-movement-founding-march-against-revenge-porn/520-34ee3044-7981-4166-a700-328fdd0a2018 |access-date=December 22, 2022 |website=fox61.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=O'Brien |first=Sara Ashley |date=2017-03-24 |title=The 20-year-old leading the March Against Revenge Porn |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/03/24/technology/revenge-porn-march/index.html |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=CNNMoney |archive-date=2022-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230082927/https://money.cnn.com/2017/03/24/technology/revenge-porn-march/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo [[Aprili 1]], [[2017]], Juliett aliongoza maandamano kuvuka Daraja la Brooklyn ambayo yalipata habari za kitaifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=There's A March Against Revenge Porn Coming Up In NYC |url=https://www.bustle.com/p/theres-a-march-against-revenge-porn-coming-up-in-nyc-46944 |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Bustle |date=25 March 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Her nude photos leaked online. Now she's fighting back |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8UVQlRMHEck |language=en |access-date=2022-12-30}}</ref> Mnamo 2018, Juliett alitambuliwa na Jarida la Glamour kama Chuo cha Mwanamke wa Mwaka, GLAAD Rising Star, <ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Rising Stars Grants at the Concert for Love & Acceptance {{!}} GLAAD |url=https://www.glaad.org/form/rising-stars-grants-concert-love-acceptance?response_type=embed |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=www.glaad.org |archive-date=2022-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230084355/https://www.glaad.org/form/rising-stars-grants-concert-love-acceptance?response_type=embed |url-status=dead }}</ref> na alikuwa mpokeaji wa 2018 wa ruzuku ya Kukubalika kwa Mashirika ya Ndege ya Delta. Mnamo 2020, Juliett alitunukiwa na L'Oreal Paris kama Mwanamke wa Thamani <ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Leah Juliett |url=https://www.lorealparisusa.com/women-of-worth/honorees/2020/leah-juliett |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=L'Oréal Paris |language=en-US}}</ref>] na ilianzishwa na mshindi wa Tuzo ya Academy Helen Mirren kwenye televisheni ya kwanza.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Leiber |first=Sarah Jae |title=NBC and L'Oreal Paris Celebrate the Achievements of 10 WOMEN OF WORTH in Primetime Special |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/NBC-and-LOreal-Paris-Celebrate-the-Achievements-of-10-WOMEN-OF-WORTH-in-Primetime-Special-20201116 |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> Juliett pia ni George H.W. Bush Point of Light, <ref name="Mallon">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Mallon |first=Morganne |title=Activist Fights Revenge Porn Through Leading National Protests |url=https://www.pointsoflight.org/awards/activist-fights-revenge-porn-through-leading-national-protests/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Points of Light |language=en-US}}</ref> na mwaka wa 2021 ilitajwa kuwa "Bingwa wa Fahari" na Jarida la The Advocate. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-06-10 |title=Champions of Pride 2021 From New England |url=https://www.advocate.com/exclusives/2021/6/10/champions-pride-2021-new-england |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=www.advocate.com |language=en}}</ref> Mnamo [[2018]], uchapishaji wa urembo Very Good Light ulibainisha kuwa Juliett "anaonyesha ujasiri zaidi ya miaka yake katika kupigania haki za LGBTQ." <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2018-06-04 |title=We went to Buzzfeed's queer prom, the biggest event for LGBTQ teens |url=https://www.verygoodlight.com/2018/06/04/buzzfeed-queer-prom/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=Very Good Light |language=en}}</ref> Mnamo [[Juni]] [[2022]], Juliett alionekana katika kampeni ya All Love is Worth It ya L'Oréal <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Ali Goldstein on LinkedIn: #AllLoveisWorthIt – Leah Juliett |url=https://www.linkedin.com/posts/ali-goldstein-b852403a_allloveisworthit-leah-juliett-activity-6948318642455400449-Ztkl |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=www.linkedin.com |language=en}}</ref> ya Mwezi wa Pride. <ref>{{Citation |title=#AllLoveisWorthIt – Leah Juliett |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YkZWhY2x25c |language=en |access-date=2022-12-30}}</ref> Mnamo Septemba 2022, hadithi ya Juliett iliangaziwa katika kitabu cha sheria The Fight for Privacy na MacArthur Fellow Danielle Keats Citron. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu |last=Citron |first=Danielle Keats |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MPRhEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Leah+Juliett%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT97 |title=The Fight for Privacy: Protecting Dignity, Identity, and Love in the Digital Age |date=2022-09-13 |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |isbn=978-0-393-88232-2 |language=en}}</ref> Mnamo Desemba 2022, Juliett alionekana kwenye Good Morning Connecticut kutangaza kuwa walikuwa wakiandaa tamasha la manufaa kufuatia ufyatuaji risasi katika Club Q huko Colorado Springs.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-12-19 |title='Songs of Solidarity' aims to raise funds, honor victims of Colorado Springs shooting |url=https://www.wtnh.com/on-air/gmct-at-nine/songs-of-solidarity-aims-to-raise-funds-honor-victims-of-colorado-shooting/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=WTNH.com |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230082928/https://www.wtnh.com/on-air/gmct-at-nine/songs-of-solidarity-aims-to-raise-funds-honor-victims-of-colorado-shooting/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Chaiken |first=Mike |title='Songs of Solidarity' will warm hearts, raise funds in honor of Club Q victims {{!}} Republican-American |date=14 December 2022 |url=https://www.rep-am.com/featured/2022/12/14/songs-of-solidarity-will-warm-hearts-raise-funds-in-honor-of-club-q-victims/ |access-date=2022-12-30 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Siasa == Kuanzia 2017 hadi 2019, Juliett alifanya kazi katika Marekani kwa ajili ya Elizabeth Esty, Chris Murphy, na kama mwandishi wa Kiongozi wa Kidemokrasia Chuck Schumer.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Leah Juliett – Previously held position: Senate Democratic Media Center (March 2019-Dec. 2019) Sen. Chuck Schumer (D-NY), Writer – Biography {{!}} LegiStorm |url=https://www.legistorm.com/person/bio/326867/Leah_A_Ciccone.html |access-date=2022-12-30 |website=www.legistorm.com |language=en}}</ref> Mnamo 2018, Juliett aliandikia Congress barua ya wazi kuhusu [[vurugu za bunduki]] ambayo ilitiwa saini na zaidi ya wanaharakati 100 wa vyuo vikuu kutoka kote nchini. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Marekani]] bogw2d1ik8q0zimux0sazknhe1sh1ha Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi 4 208508 1543832 1543601 2026-05-15T17:19:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1543832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-15) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 10 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 56 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 29 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-15)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 627 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 742 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3233 |- | [[United States of America]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1807 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 535 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 406 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 415 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 541 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 780 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 477 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 314 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 258 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 630 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 357 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 398 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 232 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 364 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 458 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 197 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 1646 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 33758 || ↑ +28.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 9.5 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 195.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3233 || ↑ +15.8% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1067 || ↓ -16.4% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 780 || ↓ -40.2% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 742 || ↑ +29.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 630 || ↑ +42.2% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 627 || ↑ +8.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 541 || ↑ +8.6% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 535 || ↑ +41.2% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 477 || ↑ +78.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 458 || ↓ -3.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 768 || 46.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 23.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 134 || 8.1% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 82 || 5.0% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} ak15ksfdzsdxodafvhq242bu7aijlhp 1543856 1543832 2026-05-15T18:16:27Z Gayle157 73366 1543856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-15) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 10 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 56 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 29 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-15)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 627 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 742 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3233 |- | [[United States of America]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1807 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 535 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 406 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 415 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 541 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 780 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 477 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 314 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 258 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 630 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 357 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 398 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 232 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 364 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 458 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 197 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 1646 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 33758 || ↑ +28.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 9.5 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 195.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3233 || ↑ +15.8% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1067 || ↓ -16.4% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 780 || ↓ -40.2% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 742 || ↑ +29.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 630 || ↑ +42.2% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 627 || ↑ +8.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 541 || ↑ +8.6% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 535 || ↑ +41.2% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 477 || ↑ +78.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 458 || ↓ -3.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 768 || 46.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 23.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 134 || 8.1% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 82 || 5.0% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} 3sul4buf5fo8fb4w9oey79s9rnw8tp3 1543857 1543856 2026-05-15T18:16:44Z Gayle157 73366 1543857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-15) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 10 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 56 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 29 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-15)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 627 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 742 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3233 |- | [[United States of America]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1807 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 535 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 406 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 415 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 541 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 780 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 477 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 314 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 258 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 630 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 357 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 398 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 232 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 364 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 458 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 197 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 1646 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 33758 || ↑ +28.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 9.5 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 195.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3233 || ↑ +15.8% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1067 || ↓ -16.4% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 780 || ↓ -40.2% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 742 || ↑ +29.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 630 || ↑ +42.2% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 627 || ↑ +8.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 541 || ↑ +8.6% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 535 || ↑ +41.2% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 477 || ↑ +78.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 458 || ↓ -3.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 768 || 46.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 23.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 134 || 8.1% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 82 || 5.0% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} 01lcrov66shotvd22bpm1z8qd7449xq 1543869 1543857 2026-05-15T18:24:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1543869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-15) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 10 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 56 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 29 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-15)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 627 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 742 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3233 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1067 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1807 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 535 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 406 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 415 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 541 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 278 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 780 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 224 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 477 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 314 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 258 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 630 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 357 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 398 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 232 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 364 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 458 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 197 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 1646 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 33758 || ↑ +28.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 9.5 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 195.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3233 || ↑ +15.8% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1067 || ↓ -16.4% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 780 || ↓ -40.2% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 742 || ↑ +29.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 630 || ↑ +42.2% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 627 || ↑ +8.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 541 || ↑ +8.6% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 535 || ↑ +41.2% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 477 || ↑ +78.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 458 || ↓ -3.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 768 || 46.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 23.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 134 || 8.1% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 82 || 5.0% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} bw6iqa0bar9f2388kkzhaqwjsh33kcb 1543957 1543869 2026-05-15T21:42:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1543957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-15) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 10 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 56 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 29 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-15)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 627 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 742 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 189 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3233 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1103 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1807 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 535 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 315 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 406 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 415 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 541 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 286 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 353 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 804 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 496 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 407 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 314 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 258 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 250 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 132 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 630 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 249 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 365 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 335 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 311 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 378 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 260 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 325 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 398 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 232 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 236 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 271 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 361 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 364 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 458 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 197 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 174 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 180 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 158 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 181 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 182 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 268 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 199 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 40 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 209 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 48 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 79 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 147 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 19 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 18 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 1646 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 33758 || ↑ +28.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 9.5 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 195.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3233 || ↑ +15.8% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1067 || ↓ -16.4% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 780 || ↓ -40.2% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 742 || ↑ +29.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 630 || ↑ +42.2% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 627 || ↑ +8.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 541 || ↑ +8.6% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 535 || ↑ +41.2% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 477 || ↑ +78.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 458 || ↓ -3.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 768 || 46.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 23.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 134 || 8.1% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 82 || 5.0% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} owhh7khw8i6swksn1waso6v4a6m7it0 1544128 1543957 2026-05-16T07:35:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1544128 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-16) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 10 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 56 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 29 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-16)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 613 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 739 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 179 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3180 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1054 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1812 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 518 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 292 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 393 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 405 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 530 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 266 |- | [[Senegal]] | 7.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 340 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 757 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 469 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 242 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 28 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 420 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 304 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 248 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.18 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 619 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 233 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 352 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 319 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 297 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 365 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 247 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 316 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 375 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 0 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 227 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 257 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 54 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 234 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 263 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 265 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 156 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 350 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 352 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 173 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 447 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 148 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 223 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 177 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 161 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.15 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 168 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 172 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 252 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 37 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 142 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 151 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 91 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 135 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 3 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 133 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 98 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 21 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[San Marino]] | 1.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 36 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 30 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 23 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 33 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 17 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 16 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 1646 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 33758 || ↑ +28.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 9.5 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 195.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3233 || ↑ +15.8% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1067 || ↓ -16.4% |- | 3 || [[Irani]] || 780 || ↓ -40.2% |- | 4 || [[Kenya]] || 742 || ↑ +29.3% |- | 5 || [[Uingereza]] || 630 || ↑ +42.2% |- | 6 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 627 || ↑ +8.9% |- | 7 || [[Burundi]] || 541 || ↑ +8.6% |- | 8 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 535 || ↑ +41.2% |- | 9 || [[Ufaransa]] || 477 || ↑ +78.7% |- | 10 || [[Uturuki]] || 458 || ↓ -3.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 768 || 46.7% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 23.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 134 || 8.1% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 82 || 5.0% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.0% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.7% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} bctx3bjvjr9g188q9endz1zxfy5boeb Banke Meshida Lawal 0 221202 1543834 1483363 2026-05-15T17:24:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Olabanke "Banke" Meshida Lawal''' ni [[msanii]] wa vipodozi kutoka [[Nigeria]] na mwanzilishi na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa BMPro Makeup Group, kampuni ya urembo nchini Nigeria. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/banke-meshida-still-standing-tall/|title=Banke Meshida still standing tall|website=The Guardian Newspaper|date=19 May 2018 |access-date=2019-03-26}}</ref> Alishinda tuzo ya Chapa Bora ya Mwaka katika Tuzo za Eloy za [[2009]], pamoja na Tuzo za Tukio za Nigeria ([[2012]]) za Msanii Bora wa Vipodozi na Msanii Bora wa Mwaka katika FAB AWARDS ([[2010]]).<ref name="fab">{{Cite web|url=https://fabwoman.ng/banke-meshida-lawal-profiles-biography/|title=5 Things You Did Not Know About Celebrity Makeup Artist, Banke Meshida-Lawal|website=FAB Woman|access-date=2019-03-26|archive-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701092556/https://fabwoman.ng/banke-meshida-lawal-profiles-biography/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Nigeria]] jgizi0vru52n5g4wq7iu0yx6xkduspi Abeba Birhane 0 222639 1543800 1502982 2026-05-15T15:18:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abeba Birhane''' ni [[mwanasayansi]] wa fahamu aliyezaliwa [[Ethiopia]] anayefanya kazi katika nyanja zinazounganisha mifumo changamano inayobadilika (complex adaptive systems), ujifunzaji wa mashine (machine learning), upendeleo katika algorithimu (algorithmic bias), na masomo ya rangi na jamii (critical race studies). Utafiti wa Birhane pamoja na Vinay Prabhu uligundua kwamba hifadhidata kubwa za picha zinazotumika mara kwa mara katika kuendeleza mifumo ya AI, ikiwemo ImageNet na 80 Million Tiny Images, zilikuwa na alama za kibaguzi na za kuonea wanawake pamoja na picha chukizo.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Song|first=Victoria|date=2 July 2020|title=MIT Takes Down Popular AI Dataset Due to Racist, Misogynistic Content|url=https://gizmodo.com/mit-takes-down-popular-ai-dataset-due-to-racist-misogy-1844244206|access-date=2021-03-07|website=Gizmodo|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=UCD student's research takes down an 80-million image artificial intelligence database|url=https://www.independent.ie/business/technology/ucd-students-research-takes-down-an-80-million-image-artificial-intelligence-database-39363018.html|access-date=2021-03-05|website=independent|date=13 July 2020|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=From data strikes to data poisoning, how consumers can take back control from corporations|url=https://fortune.com/2021/02/23/your-data-is-a-weapon-that-can-help-change-corporate-behavior/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=Fortune|language=en}}</ref> Amethaminiwa na VentureBeat kama mwanabunifu muhimu katika kuona kwa kompyuta (computer vision) na TIME magazine ilimtaja miongoni mwa watu 100 wenye ushawishi mkubwa katika AI mwaka 2023.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-07-16|title=Announcing the AI Innovation Awards winners at Transform 2020|url=https://venturebeat.com/2020/07/15/announcing-the-ai-innovation-awards-winners-at-transform-2020/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228005746/https://venturebeat.com/2020/07/15/announcing-the-ai-innovation-awards-winners-at-transform-2020/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Birhane alizaliwa [[Ethiopia]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=O'Connell|first=Claire|title=Getting to the heart of machine learning and complex humans|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/science/getting-to-the-heart-of-machine-learning-and-complex-humans-1.4330238|access-date=2021-03-07|newspaper=The Irish Times|language=en}}</ref> Alipata Shahada ya Sayansi (BSc) katika Saikolojia na Shahada ya Sanaa (BA) katika Falsafa kutoka The Open University.<ref>{{Cite web|title=TCD student wins 2018 Mary Mulvihill Award – Mary Mulvihill Award|url=https://marymulvihillaward.ie/2018/05/23/tcd-student-wins-2018-mary-mulvihill-award/|access-date=2021-03-07|website=marymulvihillaward.ie}}</ref> Mwaka 2015, alimaliza Shahada ya Uzamili (MSc) katika Sayansi ya Utambuzi na, mwaka 2021, alipata Ph.D. katika Kituo cha Programu Changamano (Complex Software Lab) katika Shule ya Sayansi ya Kompyuta ya University College Dublin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Abeba Birhane {{!}} Lero|url=https://lero.ie/people/abeba-birhane|access-date=2021-03-05|website=lero.ie|language=en|archive-date=2021-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302111437/https://lero.ie/people/abeba-birhane|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Kazi na utafiti== Birhane amesoma athari za teknolojia za AI zinazoibuka na jinsi zinavyoathiri watu binafsi na jamii za mitaa. Aligundua kuwa algorithms za AI mara nyingi huathiri kwa ukali makundi hatarishi kama vile wafanyakazi wazee, watu wa jinsia tofauti (trans), wahamiaji, na watoto. Utafiti wake kuhusu maadili ya uhusiano ulipata tuzo ya karatasi bora katika warsha ya Black in AI ya NeurIPS mwaka 2019.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gibney|first=Elizabeth|date=2020-01-24|title=The battle for ethical AI at the world's biggest machine-learning conference|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|volume=577|issue=7792|page=609|doi=10.1038/d41586-020-00160-y|pmid=31992885|bibcode=2020Natur.577..609G|s2cid=210938518|doi-access=free}}</ref> Pia ameandika kuhusu ukoloni wa algorithm unaosukumwa na ajenda za makampuni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Birhane |first=Abeba |date=2020-08-06 |title=Algorithmic Colonization of Africa |url=https://script-ed.org/article/algorithmic-colonization-of-africa/ |journal=SCRIPTed |language=en-GB |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=389–409 |doi=10.2966/scrip.170220.389 |issn=1744-2567 |doi-access=free |archive-date=2026-03-28 |access-date=2026-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260328211347/https://script-ed.org/article/algorithmic-colonization-of-africa/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-07|title=Building Wakanda|url=https://venturebeat.com/2020/09/07/building-wakanda/|access-date=2021-03-07|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310210259/https://venturebeat.com/2020/09/07/building-wakanda/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kazi yake ya kuondoa ukoloni katika sayansi ya kompyuta inashughulikia ukandamizaji uliopitishwa katika mifumo ya sasa, hasa dhidi ya wanawake wa rangi. Mwaka 2020, Birhane na Vinay Prabhu, mtaalamu mkuu wa machine learning katika UnifyID, walichapisha karatasi ikichunguza tatizo la ukusanyaji wa data, ufafanuzi, uainishaji, na matokeo ya datasets makubwa ya picha.<ref>{{cite arXiv|last1=Prabhu|first1=Vinay Uday|last2=Birhane|first2=Abeba|date=2020-07-23|title=Large image datasets: A pyrrhic win for computer vision?|class=cs.CY|eprint=2006.16923}}</ref> Dataset hizi, ikiwemo ImageNet na MIT’s 80 Million Tiny Images, zimekuwa zikitumika kuendeleza maelfu ya algorithms na mifumo ya AI. Birhane na Prabhu waligundua kuwa zilikuwa na lebo na maneno ya kibaguzi wa rangi na dhana za kike pamoja na picha za kuudhi.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gorey|first=Colm|date=2020-07-13|title=80m images used to train AI pulled after researchers find string of racist terms|url=https://www.siliconrepublic.com/machines/mit-database-racist-misogynist-discovery-abeba-birhane|access-date=2021-03-05|website=Silicon Republic|language=en}}</ref> Hii ilisababisha MIT kujitoa na kuondoa rasmi dataset ya 80 Million Tiny Images.<ref>{{Cite web|title=80 Million Tiny Images|url=https://groups.csail.mit.edu/vision/TinyImages/|access-date=2021-03-07|website=groups.csail.mit.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-02|title=MIT takes down 80 Million Tiny Images data set due to racist and offensive content|url=https://venturebeat.com/2020/07/01/mit-takes-down-80-million-tiny-images-data-set-due-to-racist-and-offensive-content/|access-date=2021-03-07|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318014809/https://venturebeat.com/2020/07/01/mit-takes-down-80-million-tiny-images-data-set-due-to-racist-and-offensive-content/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ustik|first=Georgina|date=2020-07-01|title=MIT removes huge dataset that teaches AI systems to use racist, misogynistic slurs|url=https://thenextweb.com/neural/2020/07/01/mit-removes-huge-dataset-that-teaches-ai-systems-to-use-racist-misogynistic-slurs/|access-date=2021-03-07|website=Neural {{!}} The Next Web|language=en-us}}</ref> Hivi karibuni, Birhane amefanya kazi na [[Rediet Abebe]], George Obaido, na Sekou Remy katika utafiti wa vizuizi vya kushirikiana data Afrika. Waligundua kuwa usawa wa nguvu ni muhimu katika mchakato wa kushirikiana data, hata pale data inapotoka Afrika. Utafiti wao uliochapishwa katika ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2021-02-23|title=AI researchers detail obstacles to data sharing in Africa|url=https://venturebeat.com/2021/02/23/ai-researchers-detail-obstacles-to-data-sharing-in-africa/|access-date=2021-03-05|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304160114/https://venturebeat.com/2021/02/23/ai-researchers-detail-obstacles-to-data-sharing-in-africa/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mwaka 2024, Birhane aliunda kikundi cha utafiti cha ''AI Accountability Lab'' katika Trinity College Dublin.<ref name=AILab>{{Cite web|date=2024-11-28|title=Trinity establishes AI Accountability Lab |url=https://www.tcd.ie/news_events/top-stories/featured/trinity-establishes-ai-accountability-lab-/ |access-date=2021-03-05 |website=Trinity College Dublin}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ethiopia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rsxoc9f942ck2le6l6qb4i6lzs82b10 Yamina Méchakra 0 223024 1543723 1529614 2026-05-15T13:32:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543723 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yamina Méchakra''' ([[1949]] huko Meskiana - [[2013]] huko [[Algiers]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa [[riwaya]] na [[daktari]] bingwa wa magonjwa ya akili kutoka [[Algeria]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|title = The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French|url = http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100146186|chapter = Yamina Mechakra}}</ref> ==Maisha ya Awali== Méchakra alizaliwa mwaka 1949 huko Meskiana, kaskazini mwa eneo la Aures nchini Algeria. Akiwa na umri wa miaka tisa, alianza kuandika kwa kuchukua kumbukumbu katika daftari ambalo liliendelea kukua kadiri ya muda. Matukio mawili yalimuathiri sana alipokuwa mtoto: baba yake aliteswa na wanajeshi wa Kifaransa wakati wa vita vya Algeria, mbele ya macho yake. Baba yake aliteswa hadharani barabarani na kufungwa kwenye mtutu wa tanki.<ref>{{cite book|title = The Eloquence of Silence: Algerian Women in Question|url = {{google books |plainurl=y |id=0iVpAwAAQBAJ}}|publisher = Routledge|date = 2014-04-23|isbn = 9781134713301|language = en|first = Marnia|last = Lazreg}}</ref><ref name=pears03>{{cite journal |url=https://ojs.geneseo.edu/index.php/praxis/article/viewFile/1516/950 |title=Women Warriors and the Search for Identity in Post-colonial Algeria: La Grotte éclatée by Yamina Mechakra |last=Pears |first=Pamela |volume=14 |number=1/2 Spring, Fall |year=2002 |journal=Phoebe |access-date=2016-03-30 |page=5 |archive-date=2016-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418214823/https://ojs.geneseo.edu/index.php/praxis/article/viewFile/1516/950 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Habari chache sana zinajulikana kuhusu maisha yake, ingawa Kateb Yacine aliandika katika utangulizi wa kitabu chake kwamba aliishi maisha magumu na yenye mateso.<ref name="google2003">{{Rejea kitabu|title = Of Suffocated Hearts and Tortured Souls: Seeking Subjecthood Through Madness in Francophone Women's Writing of Africa and the Caribbean|url = {{google books |plainurl=y |id=QCffwUlk4BEC}}|publisher = Lexington Books|date = 2003-01-01|isbn = 9780739105634|language = en|first = Valérie|last = Orlando}}</ref> == Kifo == Alifariki mjini Algiers tarehe 19 Mei 2013 akiwa na umri wa miaka 64, baada ya kuugua kwa muda mrefu. Tarehe [[20 Mei]] 2013, shughuli ya kumbukumbu ilifanyika katika Jumba la Utamaduni la Moufdi Zakaria, na baadaye akazikwa siku hiyo hiyo katika makaburi ya Sidi Yahia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Décès de la romancière algérienne Yamina Mechakra à l'âge de 64 ans|trans-title=Kifo cha mwandishi wa riwaya wa Algeria Yamina Mechakra akiwa na umri wa miaka 64|language=fr|url=http://www.djazairess.com/fr/apsfr/303143|publisher=Djazairess (Dzaers, Algeria Press)|access-date=2016-01-30|archive-date=2016-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201214956/http://www.djazairess.com/fr/apsfr/303143|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Jumba la Utamaduni la Moufdi Zakaria ni jumba la maonyesho na mikutano lililoko kwenye uwanda wa Annasser katika mji wa [[Kouba, Algeria]], lililopewa jina la Moufdi Zakaria, mshairi wa Algeria, mwandishi wa wimbo wa Kassaman wa Algeria. Eneo hilo linatazama jiji la Algiers.</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Algeria]] lpl2yu51dgqsj4m54pga59tml6rq1hp Zaina Namuleme 0 223370 1543745 1501541 2026-05-15T14:09:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543745 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zaina Namuleme''' (alizaliwa [[9 Januari]] [[2000]]) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa kutoka Uganda anayeshiriki katika nafasi ya kiungo wa kati. Anachezea klabu ya Makerere University katika Ligi Kuu ya Wanawake ya FUFA (FUFA Women Super League) na ni nahodha wa timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Uganda, akiongoza timu kwa uzoefu na uwezo wake wa kiungo. == Kazi ya Klabu == Namuleme alianza kazi yake ya mpira wa miguu na Gadhafi Integrated Academy mnamo [[2013]], akabaki na timu hiyo hadi [[2016]], ilipohamia Kampala Queens, ambapo aliendelea na kazi yake ya uchezaji.<ref>{{cite web|date=15 Mei 2025|title=Wasifu wa wachezaji wa ziara mpya ya FUFA Women Super League Trophy|url=https://www.fufa.co.ug/profiles-of-players-for-the-new-fufa-women-super-league-trophy-tour/|website=fufa.co.ug|publisher=[[Shirikisho la Vyama vya Soka vya Uganda]]|access-date=16 Juni 2025}}</ref> Mnamo [[Mei]] [[2022]], mshambuliaji huyo, ambaye hapo awali alichukuliwa kama mmoja wa washambuliaji muhimu wa timu hiyo, alihamia kwenye nafasi ya [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]], akionyesha uhodari wake na ufanisi katika nafasi zote mbili.<ref>{{cite web|date=1 Mei 2022|title=Soka la Wanawake: Zaina Namuleme Aliyefufuliwa Azungumzia Nafasi Yake Mpya ya Uchezaji katika KQ|url=https://voiceofbugerere.com/women-football-revitalized-zaina-namuleme-speaks-out-on-her-new-playing-position-at-kq/|website=voiceofbugerere.com|access-date=16 Juni 2025}}</ref> Alicheza jukumu muhimu katika ushindi wa kwanza wa timu hiyo wa taji wakati wa msimu wa 2022-[[2023|23]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Ntege|first=John Paul|date=5 Novemba 2023|title=Zaina Namuleme Atuma Kampala Queens Juu|url=https://sportsnation.co.ug/zaina-namuleme-sends-kampala-queens-to-the-top/|website=sportsnation.co.ug|access-date=16 Juni 2025}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mnamo Aprili Mwaka [[2024]], Namuleme alijiuzulu kama nahodha wa klabu baada ya kuhudumu kwa misimu miwili na nusu.<ref>{{cite web|last=Mugabi|first=Geoffrey|date=4 Aprili 2024|title=Namuleme Ajiuzulu Kama Nahodha wa Kampala Queens|url=https://nnalubaalesports.com/namuleme-steps-down-as-kampala-queens-captain/|website=nnalubaalesports.com|access-date=16 Juni 2025}}</ref> Mnamo [[Julai]] 2024, Kampala Queens ilitangaza kuondoka kwa kiungo huyo, ambaye alikuwa na klabu hiyo tangu kuanzishwa kwake miaka minane iliyopita.<ref>{{cite web|last=Muyita|first=Joel|date=4 Julai 2024|title=Kampala Queens yaachana na Zaina Namuleme|url=https://kawowo.com/2024/07/04/kampala-queens-part-ways-with-zaina-namuleme/|website=kawowo.com|publisher=Kawowo Sports|access-date=16 Juni 2025}}</ref> Muda si mrefu alijiunga na timu nyingine ya ligi Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere, ambapo alileta mabadiliko ya papo hapo kwa kuwa mchezaji wa kwanza kufunga hat-trick kubwa katika msimu wa 2024-[[2025]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uganda]] 5ziy5tuc3tootdb902soc9ysyo56osv Faridah Bulega 0 223385 1543928 1512126 2026-05-15T20:24:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543928 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faridah Bulega''' ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uganda]] aliyewahi kuhudumu kama kocha wa timu ya taifa ya wanawake, Crested Cranes. Kabla yake, kocha alikuwa Madijah Nantanda, na baadaye nafasi ya kocha mkuu ilichukuliwa na George Lutalo. Bulega alichangia katika kuendeleza soka la wanawake nchini Uganda kupitia mafunzo ya wachezaji na kuimarisha timu katika mashindano ya kitaifa na kimataifa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Faridah Bulega Archives|url=https://sportsnation.co.ug/tag/faridah-bulega/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=Live from ground|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2024-05-05|title=A Prime View helping youngsters pursue their dreams|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/sports/soccer/a-prime-view-helping-youngsters-pursue-their-dreams-4612806|access-date=2024-08-13|website=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Faridah Bulega">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Faridah Bulega|url=https://chimpreports.com/tag/faridah-bulega/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=ChimpReports|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2019-03-15|title=Faridah Bulega Archives|url=http://kawowo.com/tag/faridah-bulega/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=Kawowo Sports|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=UGA|url=https://qa.cafonline.com/ar/inside-caf/member-associations/uga/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=UGA|language=ar-EG}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Kaweru|first=Franklin|date=2018-03-07|title=Faridah Bulega: Crested Cranes coach petitioned to FUFA over sexual immorality|url=http://kawowo.com/2018/03/07/faridah-bulega-crested-cranes-coach-petitioned-to-fufa-over-sexual-immorality/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=Kawowo Sports|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=EDITOR|first=SHABAN LUBEGA {{!}} PML Daily DEPUTY|date=2018-07-20|title=Faridah Bulega: Who are we to defeat Kenya|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/sports/2018/07/faridah-bulega-who-are-we-to-defeat-kenya.html|access-date=2024-08-13|website=PML Daily|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Crested Cranes coach names COSAFA team|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/undefined|access-date=2024-08-13|website=New Vision|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|date=2021-02-08|title=New Crested Cranes coach Bulega ready to juggle tasks|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/sports/soccer/new-crested-cranes-coach-bulega-ready-to-juggle-tasks-1719194|access-date=2024-08-13|website=Monitor|language=en}}</ref> == Historia ya kazi == Alipokuwa kocha wa Crested Cranes, alimteua Ayub Khalifan kama kocha msaidizi wa pili wa benchi la ufundi wakati wa Mashindano ya Wanawake ya Cecafa.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|date=2019-11-07|title=Kila mtu anafikiri Uganda lazima ishinde Mashindano ya Wanawake ya Cecafa - Bulega {{!}} Goal.com US|url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/everyone-thinks-uganda-must-win-cecafa-womens-championship---bulega/167g4j4yt9e5z1rrqb5zf2o3dj|access-date=2024-08-13|website=www.goal.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Musabe|first=Henry|title=Faridah Bulega Archives|url=https://sports-256.com/tag/faridah-bulega/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=Michezo Inaendelea.|language=en|archive-date=2024-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240813092201/https://sports-256.com/tag/faridah-bulega/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Khalifan alishinda mataji manne ya Ligi ya Wanawake ya Fufa akiwa na Kawempe Muslim na Mashindano ya Wanawake ya U17 Cosafa nchini [[Mauritius]].<ref name=":1" />Alijiandikisha kwa Kozi ya Ukufunzi ya CAF B nchini Kenya na akaikamilisha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bulega|url=https://www.fufa.co.ug/statement-crested-cranes-head-coach-enrolls-for-caf-b-coaching-course-in-kenya/bulega-2/|access-date=13 Agosti 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2021-12-16|title=Bulega akamilisha kozi ya ukufunzi ya CAF B|url=https://sports.mtn.co.ug/2021/12/16/bulega-completes-caf-b-coaching-course/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=MTN Sports|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Women Football: Faridah Bulega Kushiriki Katika Kozi ya Ukufunzi ya CAF B jijini Nairobi.|url=https://mail.sportznow.ug/article/women-football-faridah-bulega-take-part-caf-b-coaching-course-nairobi|access-date=2024-08-13|website=mail.sportznow.ug|language=en|archive-date=2024-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240813092143/https://mail.sportznow.ug/article/women-football-faridah-bulega-take-part-caf-b-coaching-course-nairobi|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alikuwa kocha mkuu katika Klabu ya Soka ya Wanawake ya ''Kampala Queens''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-06-08|title=Faridah Bulega Azungumzia Ripoti za Vyombo vya Habari Huku Viungo Vikiwa Mbali na Kampala Queens|url=https://chimpreports.com/faridah-bulega-speaks-out-on-media-reports-amid-links-away-from-kampala-queens/|access-date=2024-08-13|website=ChimpReports|language=en-US}}</ref> Pia alikuwa kocha wa Wakiso Umoja.<ref>{{Cte web |date=2015-10-08 |title=Faridah Bulega Wakiso United Archives |url=https://bigeye.ug/tag/faridah-bulega-wakiso-united/ |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=BigEye |USEye.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uganda]] awnq8qfyeu7q0cmq71xue8dpewctg2b Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa 3 225160 1544142 1543366 2026-05-16T07:52:58Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Makala za mashine */ 1544142 wikitext text/x-wiki == Karibu == Napenda kukukaribisha kwenye page yangu. @[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) :ahsante ndugu '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Makala zenye utata wa vyanzo == Habari ndugu, Tunashukuru kwa kazi yako. Tafadhari ukisha ipandisha makala jaribu kuangalia kama kila kitu kimekaa sawa, makala zako nyingi zina kasoro kwenye viungo. Mfano makala hii '''Wafaa El-Sadr'''. Tafadhari rudia kuepuka kufutwa na kufungiwa. Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 7 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Habari ndugu Anuary.nimekuelewa :naomba usiwe unafunga basi ila unielekeze nini cha kufanya kama ulivyoniambia hapo.Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:23, 10 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Bado unarudia makosa yale yale, bora uandike makala fupi (aya mbili au tatu) inayoeleweka vizuri kuliko kutumia kutumia Transalation Tool kuchapisha makala ndefu yenye makosa mengi. Pia usifanye tafsiri ya Jina la chama cha siasa, kampuni n.k huandikwa kama ilivyo mfano katika makala hii ya [[Gorreth Namugga]] ulioandika tazama baada ya maboresho kadhaa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 08:01, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Sawa.asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:06, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Ndugu, mwenzako Valuegirl anazidi kujifunza uhariri, kumbe wewe unarudi nyuma. Vipi? Tafadhali, angalia ninavyorekebisha makala zako. Aamani kwako! --[[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-24519-62|&#126;2026-24519-62]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-24519-62|talk]]) 12:00, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::asante kwa marekebisho.nitajitahidi zaidi '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Ndugu, sioni mabadiliko. Maana yake huangalii makala zako zinavyorekebishwa, kw. mf. kufuta references zisizorejelea chochote. Sasa nitakusimamisha kwa siku moja ili uwe na muda wa kujifunza katika masahihisho hayo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:37, 22 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::Asante ndugu Riccardo.naendelea kujifunza zaidi nimejirekebisha sasa '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 23 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::Mbona bado? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:20, 25 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari Riccardo.Je hizi za sasa ziko sawa kabla sijaendelea '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Nafuu ipo, ila uzidi kupitia makala zako kuona zilivyorekebishwa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::::Asante sana.Naendelea kujifunza '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:56, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Interwiki na Marejeo == Ahsante sana kwa michango yako ila napenda kukudokeza kwamba makala zako nyingi ulizotafsiri unasahau kuongeza [[Msaada:Interwiki|interwiki]]. Rejea kwenye makala zako na uongeze interwiki. Pia ongeza juhudi kidogo kwenye upande wa [[Msaada:Vyanzo|marejeo]], hasa pale ambapo rejeo umeshalitumia na unataka kutumia tena kwa mara ya pili na ya tatu, kwa hali kama hiyo tumia re-use.'''[[Mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|Abubakari Sixberth]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|majadiliano]])''' 23:17, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Asante sana ndugu.nitajitahidi sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:34, 29 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Makala za mashine == Hujambo? Najua unatumia mashine kutafsiri. Si vibaya. Ubaya ni kuacha mashine iamue hatima ya ubora wa tafsiri. Ninakufuatilia namna unavyochapisha hadi kesho jioni kama hutabadilika kuboresha makala zako nitakuweka sandukuni kwa muda wa wiki ama mwezi ili upate ufahamu kutupia makala za mashine bila kupitisha macho si kitu chema hapa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 16:43, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Asante ndugu.nimekuelewa naomba unipe nafasi tena '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:27, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Kijana wa Arusha, haya, andika upesi taarifa zako fupi katika ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Fanya kama wengine ama akina sisi tulivyofanya inasaidia kujuana. Utaje na jumuia yako unayotoka. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 19:17, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) 0sox6lz1gok0b1vpzprwx7gddt9eht2 1544192 1544142 2026-05-16T08:14:57Z Egipa 87700 /* Makala za mashine */ Jibu 1544192 wikitext text/x-wiki == Karibu == Napenda kukukaribisha kwenye page yangu. @[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) :ahsante ndugu '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Makala zenye utata wa vyanzo == Habari ndugu, Tunashukuru kwa kazi yako. Tafadhari ukisha ipandisha makala jaribu kuangalia kama kila kitu kimekaa sawa, makala zako nyingi zina kasoro kwenye viungo. Mfano makala hii '''Wafaa El-Sadr'''. Tafadhari rudia kuepuka kufutwa na kufungiwa. Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 7 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Habari ndugu Anuary.nimekuelewa :naomba usiwe unafunga basi ila unielekeze nini cha kufanya kama ulivyoniambia hapo.Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:23, 10 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Bado unarudia makosa yale yale, bora uandike makala fupi (aya mbili au tatu) inayoeleweka vizuri kuliko kutumia kutumia Transalation Tool kuchapisha makala ndefu yenye makosa mengi. Pia usifanye tafsiri ya Jina la chama cha siasa, kampuni n.k huandikwa kama ilivyo mfano katika makala hii ya [[Gorreth Namugga]] ulioandika tazama baada ya maboresho kadhaa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 08:01, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Sawa.asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:06, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Ndugu, mwenzako Valuegirl anazidi kujifunza uhariri, kumbe wewe unarudi nyuma. Vipi? Tafadhali, angalia ninavyorekebisha makala zako. Aamani kwako! --[[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-24519-62|&#126;2026-24519-62]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-24519-62|talk]]) 12:00, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::asante kwa marekebisho.nitajitahidi zaidi '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Ndugu, sioni mabadiliko. Maana yake huangalii makala zako zinavyorekebishwa, kw. mf. kufuta references zisizorejelea chochote. Sasa nitakusimamisha kwa siku moja ili uwe na muda wa kujifunza katika masahihisho hayo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:37, 22 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::Asante ndugu Riccardo.naendelea kujifunza zaidi nimejirekebisha sasa '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 23 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::Mbona bado? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:20, 25 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari Riccardo.Je hizi za sasa ziko sawa kabla sijaendelea '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Nafuu ipo, ila uzidi kupitia makala zako kuona zilivyorekebishwa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::::Asante sana.Naendelea kujifunza '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:56, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Interwiki na Marejeo == Ahsante sana kwa michango yako ila napenda kukudokeza kwamba makala zako nyingi ulizotafsiri unasahau kuongeza [[Msaada:Interwiki|interwiki]]. Rejea kwenye makala zako na uongeze interwiki. Pia ongeza juhudi kidogo kwenye upande wa [[Msaada:Vyanzo|marejeo]], hasa pale ambapo rejeo umeshalitumia na unataka kutumia tena kwa mara ya pili na ya tatu, kwa hali kama hiyo tumia re-use.'''[[Mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|Abubakari Sixberth]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|majadiliano]])''' 23:17, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Asante sana ndugu.nitajitahidi sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:34, 29 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Makala za mashine == Hujambo? Najua unatumia mashine kutafsiri. Si vibaya. Ubaya ni kuacha mashine iamue hatima ya ubora wa tafsiri. Ninakufuatilia namna unavyochapisha hadi kesho jioni kama hutabadilika kuboresha makala zako nitakuweka sandukuni kwa muda wa wiki ama mwezi ili upate ufahamu kutupia makala za mashine bila kupitisha macho si kitu chema hapa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 16:43, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Asante ndugu.nimekuelewa naomba unipe nafasi tena '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:27, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Kijana wa Arusha, haya, andika upesi taarifa zako fupi katika ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Fanya kama wengine ama akina sisi tulivyofanya inasaidia kujuana. Utaje na jumuia yako unayotoka. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 19:17, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::habari ndugu Riccardo mimi naandika makala ya wanawake wa Brazil..... hiyo inaonyesha ni Uingereza ni mimi kweli '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) sbcatkk577s8k4mn723fwt9lz6aqh9z 1544203 1544192 2026-05-16T08:21:29Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Makala za mashine */ 1544203 wikitext text/x-wiki == Karibu == Napenda kukukaribisha kwenye page yangu. @[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) :ahsante ndugu '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Makala zenye utata wa vyanzo == Habari ndugu, Tunashukuru kwa kazi yako. Tafadhari ukisha ipandisha makala jaribu kuangalia kama kila kitu kimekaa sawa, makala zako nyingi zina kasoro kwenye viungo. Mfano makala hii '''Wafaa El-Sadr'''. Tafadhari rudia kuepuka kufutwa na kufungiwa. Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 7 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Habari ndugu Anuary.nimekuelewa :naomba usiwe unafunga basi ila unielekeze nini cha kufanya kama ulivyoniambia hapo.Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:23, 10 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Bado unarudia makosa yale yale, bora uandike makala fupi (aya mbili au tatu) inayoeleweka vizuri kuliko kutumia kutumia Transalation Tool kuchapisha makala ndefu yenye makosa mengi. Pia usifanye tafsiri ya Jina la chama cha siasa, kampuni n.k huandikwa kama ilivyo mfano katika makala hii ya [[Gorreth Namugga]] ulioandika tazama baada ya maboresho kadhaa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 08:01, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Sawa.asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:06, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Ndugu, mwenzako Valuegirl anazidi kujifunza uhariri, kumbe wewe unarudi nyuma. Vipi? Tafadhali, angalia ninavyorekebisha makala zako. Aamani kwako! --[[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-24519-62|&#126;2026-24519-62]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-24519-62|talk]]) 12:00, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::asante kwa marekebisho.nitajitahidi zaidi '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Ndugu, sioni mabadiliko. Maana yake huangalii makala zako zinavyorekebishwa, kw. mf. kufuta references zisizorejelea chochote. Sasa nitakusimamisha kwa siku moja ili uwe na muda wa kujifunza katika masahihisho hayo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:37, 22 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::Asante ndugu Riccardo.naendelea kujifunza zaidi nimejirekebisha sasa '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 23 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::Mbona bado? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:20, 25 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari Riccardo.Je hizi za sasa ziko sawa kabla sijaendelea '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Nafuu ipo, ila uzidi kupitia makala zako kuona zilivyorekebishwa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::::Asante sana.Naendelea kujifunza '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:56, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Interwiki na Marejeo == Ahsante sana kwa michango yako ila napenda kukudokeza kwamba makala zako nyingi ulizotafsiri unasahau kuongeza [[Msaada:Interwiki|interwiki]]. Rejea kwenye makala zako na uongeze interwiki. Pia ongeza juhudi kidogo kwenye upande wa [[Msaada:Vyanzo|marejeo]], hasa pale ambapo rejeo umeshalitumia na unataka kutumia tena kwa mara ya pili na ya tatu, kwa hali kama hiyo tumia re-use.'''[[Mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|Abubakari Sixberth]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|majadiliano]])''' 23:17, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Asante sana ndugu.nitajitahidi sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:34, 29 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Makala za mashine == Hujambo? Najua unatumia mashine kutafsiri. Si vibaya. Ubaya ni kuacha mashine iamue hatima ya ubora wa tafsiri. Ninakufuatilia namna unavyochapisha hadi kesho jioni kama hutabadilika kuboresha makala zako nitakuweka sandukuni kwa muda wa wiki ama mwezi ili upate ufahamu kutupia makala za mashine bila kupitisha macho si kitu chema hapa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 16:43, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Asante ndugu.nimekuelewa naomba unipe nafasi tena '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:27, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Kijana wa Arusha, haya, andika upesi taarifa zako fupi katika ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Fanya kama wengine ama akina sisi tulivyofanya inasaidia kujuana. Utaje na jumuia yako unayotoka. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 19:17, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::habari ndugu Riccardo mimi naandika makala ya wanawake wa Brazil..... hiyo inaonyesha ni Uingereza ni mimi kweli '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::Nani alianzisha makala hizi: [[Débora Menezes (politician)|Débora Menezes]] na [[Giselle Monteiro (politician)|Giselle Monteiro]]? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:21, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) r3c75kx0cxfpeu85hse0zmps8s3q31w 1544211 1544203 2026-05-16T08:29:08Z Egipa 87700 /* Makala za mashine */ Jibu 1544211 wikitext text/x-wiki == Karibu == Napenda kukukaribisha kwenye page yangu. @[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) :ahsante ndugu '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Makala zenye utata wa vyanzo == Habari ndugu, Tunashukuru kwa kazi yako. Tafadhari ukisha ipandisha makala jaribu kuangalia kama kila kitu kimekaa sawa, makala zako nyingi zina kasoro kwenye viungo. Mfano makala hii '''Wafaa El-Sadr'''. Tafadhari rudia kuepuka kufutwa na kufungiwa. Asante. '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 7 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Habari ndugu Anuary.nimekuelewa :naomba usiwe unafunga basi ila unielekeze nini cha kufanya kama ulivyoniambia hapo.Asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:23, 10 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Bado unarudia makosa yale yale, bora uandike makala fupi (aya mbili au tatu) inayoeleweka vizuri kuliko kutumia kutumia Transalation Tool kuchapisha makala ndefu yenye makosa mengi. Pia usifanye tafsiri ya Jina la chama cha siasa, kampuni n.k huandikwa kama ilivyo mfano katika makala hii ya [[Gorreth Namugga]] ulioandika tazama baada ya maboresho kadhaa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 08:01, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Sawa.asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:06, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Ndugu, mwenzako Valuegirl anazidi kujifunza uhariri, kumbe wewe unarudi nyuma. Vipi? Tafadhali, angalia ninavyorekebisha makala zako. Aamani kwako! --[[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-24519-62|&#126;2026-24519-62]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-24519-62|talk]]) 12:00, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::asante kwa marekebisho.nitajitahidi zaidi '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 21 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Ndugu, sioni mabadiliko. Maana yake huangalii makala zako zinavyorekebishwa, kw. mf. kufuta references zisizorejelea chochote. Sasa nitakusimamisha kwa siku moja ili uwe na muda wa kujifunza katika masahihisho hayo. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:37, 22 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::Asante ndugu Riccardo.naendelea kujifunza zaidi nimejirekebisha sasa '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:56, 23 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::Mbona bado? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:20, 25 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari Riccardo.Je hizi za sasa ziko sawa kabla sijaendelea '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:29, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Nafuu ipo, ila uzidi kupitia makala zako kuona zilivyorekebishwa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::::Asante sana.Naendelea kujifunza '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:56, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Interwiki na Marejeo == Ahsante sana kwa michango yako ila napenda kukudokeza kwamba makala zako nyingi ulizotafsiri unasahau kuongeza [[Msaada:Interwiki|interwiki]]. Rejea kwenye makala zako na uongeze interwiki. Pia ongeza juhudi kidogo kwenye upande wa [[Msaada:Vyanzo|marejeo]], hasa pale ambapo rejeo umeshalitumia na unataka kutumia tena kwa mara ya pili na ya tatu, kwa hali kama hiyo tumia re-use.'''[[Mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|Abubakari Sixberth]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Abubakari Sixberth|majadiliano]])''' 23:17, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Asante sana ndugu.nitajitahidi sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:34, 29 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Makala za mashine == Hujambo? Najua unatumia mashine kutafsiri. Si vibaya. Ubaya ni kuacha mashine iamue hatima ya ubora wa tafsiri. Ninakufuatilia namna unavyochapisha hadi kesho jioni kama hutabadilika kuboresha makala zako nitakuweka sandukuni kwa muda wa wiki ama mwezi ili upate ufahamu kutupia makala za mashine bila kupitisha macho si kitu chema hapa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 16:43, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Asante ndugu.nimekuelewa naomba unipe nafasi tena '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:27, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Kijana wa Arusha, haya, andika upesi taarifa zako fupi katika ukurasa wa mtumiaji. Fanya kama wengine ama akina sisi tulivyofanya inasaidia kujuana. Utaje na jumuia yako unayotoka. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue"><sub>'''Muddyb'''</sub></font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray"><sup>'''Longa'''</sup></font>]]</font> 19:17, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::habari ndugu Riccardo mimi naandika makala ya wanawake wa Brazil..... hiyo inaonyesha ni Uingereza ni mimi kweli '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::Nani alianzisha makala hizi: [[Débora Menezes (politician)|Débora Menezes]] na [[Giselle Monteiro (politician)|Giselle Monteiro]]? --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:21, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::hizo ni mimi nitajirekebisha. haitajirudia tena '''[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Egipa#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:29, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) 57t86qsk2z79tqdodovn90tk23uso8g Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl 3 225161 1544141 1543377 2026-05-16T07:52:13Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Ubora wa Makala */ 1544141 wikitext text/x-wiki == karibu == karibu sana ndugu Egipa tunakuthamini sana @[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka Riccardo, nimeupokea. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:23, 26 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::Sawa, lakini umerudia tena kosa hilohilo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::Ahsante tena kwa ushauri labda sijakuelewa kaka Riccardo ukisema ninafuta kazi ya wenzangu unamanisha ninafuta baadhi ya maneno au kazi nzima? Au nini haswa ninachofuta naomba unielewesha hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:13, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::Sawa, angalia makala [[Sarah Gertrude Millin]]. Uliikuta ipo, na picha yake pia. Lakini ukaacha kuichangia na badala yake ulitafsiri upya ukurasa wa Kiingereza juu yake. Hivyo ukapoteza kazi ya waliokutangulia, pamoja na picha. Ikanibidi kuirudia bila kudharau nyongeza zako. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::::ahsante sana hapo nimekuelewa vizuri mnoo na ninaomba radhi kwa kufuta kazi ya wenzangu japo sio kwa makisudi nitahakikisha kuangalia jina kama limeshaandikwa kabla ya kuweka mchango wangu. Ninashururu mno kwa ushauri wako kaka [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 08:40, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::::mimi nina swali kaka @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] hivi ni sawa ninavyotumia translation tool kwa ajili ya kutransalate from english to swahili? i would have loved to use the normal typing method but currently i am in a competition contest and i need to work at a faster pace...please advice me. i want my work to be of high quality but i also need to have super speed because the person with the most written documentation get the price. Your advice would be of great help. Ahsante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:55, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Ndiyo matokeo ya kutoa zawadi kwa kuangalia wingi kuliko ubora. Sijui tuzo ikoje, lakini ndivyo ilivyo. Kwa kweli kurasa zako zina makosa mengi, kwa mfano kwa kawaida zinaanza na ubini tu wa mhusika, bila majina ya binafsi. Pia nimegundua unapenda na labda unajua Kiingereza kuliko Kiswahili. Hata ujumbe ulionitumia leo unaonyesha hilo... Utambue kwamba baadhi ya washindani wako wameshazoea uhariri kuliko wewe, hivyo si rahisi kuwashinda. Ila ukizidi kujifunza, pengine siku za mbele utakuwa na uzoefu utakaokusaidia kuwahi tuzo. Usichoke kupitia makala zako baada ya sisi kuzisahihisha walau kiasi. Ndiyo njia ya kujifunza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:38, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka. Ninautafakari na nitachukua hatua. Barikiwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:45, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 10:48, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako ndugu Anuary nimeanza kutengeneza pakae viruri kwenye kazi yangu naomba uendelee kuzidi kunishauri. Kwa sababu unanijenga [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 11:00, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Ubora wa Makala == Ndugu, kwenye kuhariri makala zako zipitie na uzisafishe vizuuri kuna baadhi ya makosa umekua ukiyarejea, kwanza kwenye kuweka vyanzo usitafsiri vyanzo vichukue kama vilivyo na uvi bandike (paste) sehemu husika na pia usitumia Akili Bandia (AI) kwani utasababisha makala zako kufutwa kabisa au kufungiwa akaunti yako kama utashindwa kufanya vile inatakiwa, na kingine ukitasfiri makala embu zipitie zisome na uziweke zikae sawa, amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|Ramadhani Mushi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 14 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri kaka nimeupokea na nitaufanyia kazi. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 06:51, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Kasi imezidi mno! Kurasa za dakika moja haziwezi kuwa na ubora. Nyingi ni fupi kupindukia na nyingine hazina vyanzo kabisa. Unataka tukusimamishe kwanza? Katika jamii mtu wa Misri wa Kale unamweka kati ya waliofariki mwaka 1992 BK! Kweli? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:50, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Sawa ahsante ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] nitaufanyia kazi ushauri wako '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:01, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Pamoja na hayo naomba usinisimamishe, nitaweka bidii zaidi kwenye kazi zangu kaka '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:04, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Naona bado unafanya makosa yale yale. Je bado kunahaja ya kuto kukupumzisha? Makala zako sasa zina changamoto ya marejeo ambayo nimuhimu kweli kweli kwa kila makala. Tafadhari rekebisha mpaka ifikapo jumaa tatu tare 11.05.2026. Amani kwakoǃ '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::habari ndugu, kuna changamoto zipi kwenye marejeo? '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 10 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:18, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa taarifa hii ndugu. Naomba nitafakari hilo swala ili nikusanye mawazo alafu ntakurudia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:30, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) dgpr39159b80vig36ga1pf7nywq3onu 1544180 1544141 2026-05-16T08:10:39Z Valuegirl 87699 /* Ubora wa Makala */ Jibu 1544180 wikitext text/x-wiki == karibu == karibu sana ndugu Egipa tunakuthamini sana @[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka Riccardo, nimeupokea. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:23, 26 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::Sawa, lakini umerudia tena kosa hilohilo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::Ahsante tena kwa ushauri labda sijakuelewa kaka Riccardo ukisema ninafuta kazi ya wenzangu unamanisha ninafuta baadhi ya maneno au kazi nzima? Au nini haswa ninachofuta naomba unielewesha hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:13, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::Sawa, angalia makala [[Sarah Gertrude Millin]]. Uliikuta ipo, na picha yake pia. Lakini ukaacha kuichangia na badala yake ulitafsiri upya ukurasa wa Kiingereza juu yake. Hivyo ukapoteza kazi ya waliokutangulia, pamoja na picha. Ikanibidi kuirudia bila kudharau nyongeza zako. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::::ahsante sana hapo nimekuelewa vizuri mnoo na ninaomba radhi kwa kufuta kazi ya wenzangu japo sio kwa makisudi nitahakikisha kuangalia jina kama limeshaandikwa kabla ya kuweka mchango wangu. Ninashururu mno kwa ushauri wako kaka [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 08:40, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::::mimi nina swali kaka @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] hivi ni sawa ninavyotumia translation tool kwa ajili ya kutransalate from english to swahili? i would have loved to use the normal typing method but currently i am in a competition contest and i need to work at a faster pace...please advice me. i want my work to be of high quality but i also need to have super speed because the person with the most written documentation get the price. Your advice would be of great help. Ahsante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:55, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Ndiyo matokeo ya kutoa zawadi kwa kuangalia wingi kuliko ubora. Sijui tuzo ikoje, lakini ndivyo ilivyo. Kwa kweli kurasa zako zina makosa mengi, kwa mfano kwa kawaida zinaanza na ubini tu wa mhusika, bila majina ya binafsi. Pia nimegundua unapenda na labda unajua Kiingereza kuliko Kiswahili. Hata ujumbe ulionitumia leo unaonyesha hilo... Utambue kwamba baadhi ya washindani wako wameshazoea uhariri kuliko wewe, hivyo si rahisi kuwashinda. Ila ukizidi kujifunza, pengine siku za mbele utakuwa na uzoefu utakaokusaidia kuwahi tuzo. Usichoke kupitia makala zako baada ya sisi kuzisahihisha walau kiasi. Ndiyo njia ya kujifunza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:38, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka. Ninautafakari na nitachukua hatua. Barikiwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:45, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 10:48, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako ndugu Anuary nimeanza kutengeneza pakae viruri kwenye kazi yangu naomba uendelee kuzidi kunishauri. Kwa sababu unanijenga [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 11:00, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Ubora wa Makala == Ndugu, kwenye kuhariri makala zako zipitie na uzisafishe vizuuri kuna baadhi ya makosa umekua ukiyarejea, kwanza kwenye kuweka vyanzo usitafsiri vyanzo vichukue kama vilivyo na uvi bandike (paste) sehemu husika na pia usitumia Akili Bandia (AI) kwani utasababisha makala zako kufutwa kabisa au kufungiwa akaunti yako kama utashindwa kufanya vile inatakiwa, na kingine ukitasfiri makala embu zipitie zisome na uziweke zikae sawa, amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|Ramadhani Mushi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 14 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri kaka nimeupokea na nitaufanyia kazi. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 06:51, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Kasi imezidi mno! Kurasa za dakika moja haziwezi kuwa na ubora. Nyingi ni fupi kupindukia na nyingine hazina vyanzo kabisa. Unataka tukusimamishe kwanza? Katika jamii mtu wa Misri wa Kale unamweka kati ya waliofariki mwaka 1992 BK! Kweli? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:50, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Sawa ahsante ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] nitaufanyia kazi ushauri wako '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:01, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Pamoja na hayo naomba usinisimamishe, nitaweka bidii zaidi kwenye kazi zangu kaka '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:04, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Naona bado unafanya makosa yale yale. Je bado kunahaja ya kuto kukupumzisha? Makala zako sasa zina changamoto ya marejeo ambayo nimuhimu kweli kweli kwa kila makala. Tafadhari rekebisha mpaka ifikapo jumaa tatu tare 11.05.2026. Amani kwakoǃ '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::habari ndugu, kuna changamoto zipi kwenye marejeo? '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 10 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari kaka Riccardo kwa kweli niliwaza kwamba ni bora niache kichwa cha kingereza kwa mantiki kwamba mtu akitaka kumtafuta mtu huyo akikopi na kupesti jina lake kwenye wikipedia ya kiswahili iwe rahisi yeye kumpata kumbe ninakosea. :::::::Nitajirekebisha na haitajirudia tena kaka. Ahsante kwa kunijenga. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:10, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:18, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa taarifa hii ndugu. Naomba nitafakari hilo swala ili nikusanye mawazo alafu ntakurudia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:30, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) q9rygrttsqrz3wqamk22uai56zjf359 1544207 1544180 2026-05-16T08:23:58Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544207 wikitext text/x-wiki == karibu == karibu sana ndugu Egipa tunakuthamini sana @[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka Riccardo, nimeupokea. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:23, 26 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::Sawa, lakini umerudia tena kosa hilohilo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::Ahsante tena kwa ushauri labda sijakuelewa kaka Riccardo ukisema ninafuta kazi ya wenzangu unamanisha ninafuta baadhi ya maneno au kazi nzima? Au nini haswa ninachofuta naomba unielewesha hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:13, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::Sawa, angalia makala [[Sarah Gertrude Millin]]. Uliikuta ipo, na picha yake pia. Lakini ukaacha kuichangia na badala yake ulitafsiri upya ukurasa wa Kiingereza juu yake. Hivyo ukapoteza kazi ya waliokutangulia, pamoja na picha. Ikanibidi kuirudia bila kudharau nyongeza zako. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::::ahsante sana hapo nimekuelewa vizuri mnoo na ninaomba radhi kwa kufuta kazi ya wenzangu japo sio kwa makisudi nitahakikisha kuangalia jina kama limeshaandikwa kabla ya kuweka mchango wangu. Ninashururu mno kwa ushauri wako kaka [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 08:40, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::::mimi nina swali kaka @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] hivi ni sawa ninavyotumia translation tool kwa ajili ya kutransalate from english to swahili? i would have loved to use the normal typing method but currently i am in a competition contest and i need to work at a faster pace...please advice me. i want my work to be of high quality but i also need to have super speed because the person with the most written documentation get the price. Your advice would be of great help. Ahsante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:55, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Ndiyo matokeo ya kutoa zawadi kwa kuangalia wingi kuliko ubora. Sijui tuzo ikoje, lakini ndivyo ilivyo. Kwa kweli kurasa zako zina makosa mengi, kwa mfano kwa kawaida zinaanza na ubini tu wa mhusika, bila majina ya binafsi. Pia nimegundua unapenda na labda unajua Kiingereza kuliko Kiswahili. Hata ujumbe ulionitumia leo unaonyesha hilo... Utambue kwamba baadhi ya washindani wako wameshazoea uhariri kuliko wewe, hivyo si rahisi kuwashinda. Ila ukizidi kujifunza, pengine siku za mbele utakuwa na uzoefu utakaokusaidia kuwahi tuzo. Usichoke kupitia makala zako baada ya sisi kuzisahihisha walau kiasi. Ndiyo njia ya kujifunza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:38, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka. Ninautafakari na nitachukua hatua. Barikiwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:45, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 10:48, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako ndugu Anuary nimeanza kutengeneza pakae viruri kwenye kazi yangu naomba uendelee kuzidi kunishauri. Kwa sababu unanijenga [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 11:00, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Ubora wa Makala == Ndugu, kwenye kuhariri makala zako zipitie na uzisafishe vizuuri kuna baadhi ya makosa umekua ukiyarejea, kwanza kwenye kuweka vyanzo usitafsiri vyanzo vichukue kama vilivyo na uvi bandike (paste) sehemu husika na pia usitumia Akili Bandia (AI) kwani utasababisha makala zako kufutwa kabisa au kufungiwa akaunti yako kama utashindwa kufanya vile inatakiwa, na kingine ukitasfiri makala embu zipitie zisome na uziweke zikae sawa, amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|Ramadhani Mushi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 14 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri kaka nimeupokea na nitaufanyia kazi. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 06:51, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Kasi imezidi mno! Kurasa za dakika moja haziwezi kuwa na ubora. Nyingi ni fupi kupindukia na nyingine hazina vyanzo kabisa. Unataka tukusimamishe kwanza? Katika jamii mtu wa Misri wa Kale unamweka kati ya waliofariki mwaka 1992 BK! Kweli? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:50, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Sawa ahsante ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] nitaufanyia kazi ushauri wako '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:01, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Pamoja na hayo naomba usinisimamishe, nitaweka bidii zaidi kwenye kazi zangu kaka '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:04, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Naona bado unafanya makosa yale yale. Je bado kunahaja ya kuto kukupumzisha? Makala zako sasa zina changamoto ya marejeo ambayo nimuhimu kweli kweli kwa kila makala. Tafadhari rekebisha mpaka ifikapo jumaa tatu tare 11.05.2026. Amani kwakoǃ '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::habari ndugu, kuna changamoto zipi kwenye marejeo? '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 10 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari kaka Riccardo kwa kweli niliwaza kwamba ni bora niache kichwa cha kingereza kwa mantiki kwamba mtu akitaka kumtafuta mtu huyo akikopi na kupesti jina lake kwenye wikipedia ya kiswahili iwe rahisi yeye kumpata kumbe ninakosea. :::::::Nitajirekebisha na haitajirudia tena kaka. Ahsante kwa kunijenga. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:10, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:18, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa taarifa hii ndugu. Naomba nitafakari hilo swala ili nikusanye mawazo alafu ntakurudia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:30, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Nia ilikuwa njema, lakini unapoona tunapeleka kwenye Kiswahili mara 10 na zaidi, ujiulize sababu ni nini. Shida huangalii masahihisho tunayofanya, hivyo hamjifunzi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:23, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) br1anigckpm27bwlg38hsj54no1tmig 1544209 1544207 2026-05-16T08:26:32Z Valuegirl 87699 /* Mradi wa Nchi */ Jibu 1544209 wikitext text/x-wiki == karibu == karibu sana ndugu Egipa tunakuthamini sana @[[Mtumiaji:Egipa|Egipa]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:33, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC)<div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 2 Machi 2026 (UTC) ==Kuchangia makala== Ukikuta makala ipo, usifute kazi ya wenzio kwa kutafsiri upya, tena kwa mashine. Ongezea palepale. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:18, 25 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka Riccardo, nimeupokea. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:23, 26 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::Sawa, lakini umerudia tena kosa hilohilo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::Ahsante tena kwa ushauri labda sijakuelewa kaka Riccardo ukisema ninafuta kazi ya wenzangu unamanisha ninafuta baadhi ya maneno au kazi nzima? Au nini haswa ninachofuta naomba unielewesha hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:13, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::Sawa, angalia makala [[Sarah Gertrude Millin]]. Uliikuta ipo, na picha yake pia. Lakini ukaacha kuichangia na badala yake ulitafsiri upya ukurasa wa Kiingereza juu yake. Hivyo ukapoteza kazi ya waliokutangulia, pamoja na picha. Ikanibidi kuirudia bila kudharau nyongeza zako. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) :::::ahsante sana hapo nimekuelewa vizuri mnoo na ninaomba radhi kwa kufuta kazi ya wenzangu japo sio kwa makisudi nitahakikisha kuangalia jina kama limeshaandikwa kabla ya kuweka mchango wangu. Ninashururu mno kwa ushauri wako kaka [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 08:40, 31 Machi 2026 (UTC) ::::::mimi nina swali kaka @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] hivi ni sawa ninavyotumia translation tool kwa ajili ya kutransalate from english to swahili? i would have loved to use the normal typing method but currently i am in a competition contest and i need to work at a faster pace...please advice me. i want my work to be of high quality but i also need to have super speed because the person with the most written documentation get the price. Your advice would be of great help. Ahsante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:55, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::::::Ndiyo matokeo ya kutoa zawadi kwa kuangalia wingi kuliko ubora. Sijui tuzo ikoje, lakini ndivyo ilivyo. Kwa kweli kurasa zako zina makosa mengi, kwa mfano kwa kawaida zinaanza na ubini tu wa mhusika, bila majina ya binafsi. Pia nimegundua unapenda na labda unajua Kiingereza kuliko Kiswahili. Hata ujumbe ulionitumia leo unaonyesha hilo... Utambue kwamba baadhi ya washindani wako wameshazoea uhariri kuliko wewe, hivyo si rahisi kuwashinda. Ila ukizidi kujifunza, pengine siku za mbele utakuwa na uzoefu utakaokusaidia kuwahi tuzo. Usichoke kupitia makala zako baada ya sisi kuzisahihisha walau kiasi. Ndiyo njia ya kujifunza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:38, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako kaka. Ninautafakari na nitachukua hatua. Barikiwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:45, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Matumizi ya Translation tool == Habari ndugu, Unatumia Translation tool na kuchapisha makala bila ya kuifanyia marekebisha kabisa. Hakikisha unapitia makala kwa kuweka kiswahili vizuri na miundo ya sentensi na sio kuamini kile kilichofanywa na tool yenyewe. Aidha ni bora kutumia njia ya kawaida kwa kufanya tafsiri kidogo kidogo na sio kutumia tool kutafsiri makala nzima bila ya mapitio ya kutosha. Matumizi ya translation tool sio vibaya kwani inarahisisha kazi ila inakuhitaji umakini wa kutosha kwenye kuweka kiswahili vizuri kabla ya kuchapisha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 10:48, 9 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri wako ndugu Anuary nimeanza kutengeneza pakae viruri kwenye kazi yangu naomba uendelee kuzidi kunishauri. Kwa sababu unanijenga [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 11:00, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Ubora wa Makala == Ndugu, kwenye kuhariri makala zako zipitie na uzisafishe vizuuri kuna baadhi ya makosa umekua ukiyarejea, kwanza kwenye kuweka vyanzo usitafsiri vyanzo vichukue kama vilivyo na uvi bandike (paste) sehemu husika na pia usitumia Akili Bandia (AI) kwani utasababisha makala zako kufutwa kabisa au kufungiwa akaunti yako kama utashindwa kufanya vile inatakiwa, na kingine ukitasfiri makala embu zipitie zisome na uziweke zikae sawa, amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|Ramadhani Mushi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ramadhani Mushi|majadiliano]])''' 13:21, 14 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ushauri kaka nimeupokea na nitaufanyia kazi. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-18921-50|&#126;2026-18921-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-18921-50|talk]]) 06:51, 15 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Kasi imezidi mno! Kurasa za dakika moja haziwezi kuwa na ubora. Nyingi ni fupi kupindukia na nyingine hazina vyanzo kabisa. Unataka tukusimamishe kwanza? Katika jamii mtu wa Misri wa Kale unamweka kati ya waliofariki mwaka 1992 BK! Kweli? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:50, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Sawa ahsante ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] nitaufanyia kazi ushauri wako '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:01, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :::Pamoja na hayo naomba usinisimamishe, nitaweka bidii zaidi kwenye kazi zangu kaka '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:04, 26 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::::Naona bado unafanya makosa yale yale. Je bado kunahaja ya kuto kukupumzisha? Makala zako sasa zina changamoto ya marejeo ambayo nimuhimu kweli kweli kwa kila makala. Tafadhari rekebisha mpaka ifikapo jumaa tatu tare 11.05.2026. Amani kwakoǃ '''[[Mtumiaji:Olimasy|Olimasy]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Olimasy|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::habari ndugu, kuna changamoto zipi kwenye marejeo? '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 10 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::::Haraka haraka haina baraka. Huoni unavyonilazimisha kusahihisha makala zako kila dakika kwa makosa yaleyale, kuanzia kichwa cha Kiingereza? Kweli hujui kwamba politician au footballer si Kiswahili? Huwezi kuandika mwanasiasa au mwanasoka? Usipobadilika, itanibidi nikuzuie kwanza. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:52, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::::Habari kaka Riccardo kwa kweli niliwaza kwamba ni bora niache kichwa cha kingereza kwa mantiki kwamba mtu akitaka kumtafuta mtu huyo akikopi na kupesti jina lake kwenye wikipedia ya kiswahili iwe rahisi yeye kumpata kumbe ninakosea. :::::::Nitajirekebisha na haitajirudia tena kaka. Ahsante kwa kunijenga. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:10, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157<sup>2.0</sup></i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:18, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa taarifa hii ndugu. Naomba nitafakari hilo swala ili nikusanye mawazo alafu ntakurudia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:30, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Nia ilikuwa njema, lakini unapoona tunapeleka kwenye Kiswahili mara 10 na zaidi, ujiulize sababu ni nini. Shida huangalii masahihisho tunayofanya, hivyo hamjifunzi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:23, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::Ni kweli kaka. Nitalifanyia na hilo kazi na kuzidi kujufunza. Shukrani. '''[[Mtumiaji:Valuegirl|Valuegirl]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Valuegirl#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) 71n9256n2bi0684mw7v87fktrhjcpyq Adam Ennafati 0 226345 1543801 1541957 2026-05-15T15:22:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543801 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adam Ennafati''' (amezaliwa [[29 Juni]] [[1994]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[Moroko]] wa [[mpira wa miguu]] anayechezea Raja Club Athletic kama [[winga]]. ==Kazi ya klabu== Kazi ya kitaaluma ya Ennafati kama mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu ilianza katika [[Ufaransa|Kifaransa]] [[Lille OSC]] [[timu]] ya akiba Lille OSC B baada ya klabu kukamilisha kusaini mchezaji huyo kutoka AM Football mnamo [[7 Februari]], [[2012]] katika mkataba wa miaka mitano. Mkataba huo ulikamilika mnamo [[1 Julai]], [[2012]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.soccerstand.com/fr/football/maroc/coupe-du-trone-2014/|title=Coupe du Trone 2014 - Football, Maroc - Résultats, Classements - Soccerstand.com|website=www.soccerstand.com|accessdate=19 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africatopsports.com/2016/06/05/300990/|title=Maroc: Le FUS de Rabat champion pour la première fois|date=5 June 2016|accessdate=2026-03-26|archive-date=2022-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221220185401/https://www.africatopsports.com/2016/06/05/300990/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Moroko]] 47x1dhmdmukphillnzouj6eot81fc9m Gianni Matheja 0 227540 1544255 1543020 2026-05-16T10:03:25Z BroBkiw 89365 1544255 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Gianni Matheja Hamburg 34.png|thumb|Gianni Matheja mijni [[Hamburg]]]] '''Gianni Matheja''' (aliyezaliwa [[14 Machi|Machi 14]][[2005|, 2005]] huko [[Berlin]]) ni [[Mwanahabari|mwandishi wa habari]] [[Ujerumani|wa Ujerumani]], mtayarishaji wa video za wavuti, na mwanafunzi . Tangu 2025, amekuwa akiandaa kipindi cha redio cha kila mwezi kwenye Rundfunk Berlin Brandenburg na ni mwandishi wa habari wa televisheni wa nembo ya kipindi cha habari cha watoto cha ZDF. == Wasifu == Matheja alikulia Berlin kama mtoto wa mama mmoja. Baba yake anatoka Italia na aliacha familia alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 10. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.de/books/edition/K%C3%BCmmern_und_K%C3%A4mpfen/5nx9zwEACAAJ?hl=en|title=Kümmern und Kämpfen: warum Geschlechtergerechtigkeit in Erziehung und Familie uns alle freier macht|last=Waak|first=Anne|date=2023|publisher=Goldmann|isbn=978-3-442-31703-5|language=de|access-date=2025-05-01}}</ref> Akiwa na umri wa miaka 14, alitoa ushahidi dhidi ya baba yake katika mahakama [[Potsdam|ya Potsdam]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|first=Bent|last=Freiwald|title=Warum Gianni, 17, für seine Mutter kämpft|url=https://krautreporter.de/politik-und-macht/4378-warum-gianni-17-fur-seine-mutter-kampft|date=2022-05-03|accessdate=2025-05-01}}</ref> Kuanzia 2017, alihudhuria Gymnasium ya Lilienthal huko Steglitz-Zehlendorf na, katika mwaka wake wa kwanza shuleni, alishiriki katika Shindano la Mijadala la Berlin, ambapo alishinda taji la "Mzungumzaji Bora" katika mjadala wa lugha ya Kiingereza.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|title=Erfolgreiche Juniors beim Debating Contest 2018 – Lilienthal-Gymnasium Berlin|url=https://lilienthal-gymnasium-berlin.de/erfolgreiche-juniors-beim-debating-contest-2018/|accessdate=2025-05-01}}</ref> Mnamo 2021, aliongoza majadiliano ya jopo na wagombea wa moja kwa moja wa [[Jimbo la uchaguzi|jimbo]] katika shule yake kwa uchaguzi wa shirikisho. Hawa ni pamoja na Birgit Malsack-Winkelmann, Raia wa Reich ambaye baadaye alikamatwa. == Kazi == [[Faili:Gianni Matheja Frankfurt 03 2026 24.jpg|thumb|Gianni Matheja mijni [[Frankfurt am Main|Frankfurt]]]] Akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, Matheja alizindua podikasti yake.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea jarida |date=25 octobre 2022 |title=Jugendwort des Jahres 2022: 20 junge Prominente über ihr wichtigstes Wort 2022 |url=https://www.zeit.de/zett/2022-10/jugendwort-jahr-2022-jugendsprache |journal=ZEIT ONLINE ze.tt |language=de |access-date=2025-05-01}}</ref> Mnamo Juni 2022, alitoa kipindi cha kwanza cha "Ujerumani ya Kijamii." Katika kila kipindi, alizungumzia mada ya kijamii na kisiasa. Vipindi vingi vilitokana na mijadala ya sasa na vilikuwa na mgeni maarufu pamoja na mtaalamu wa kisayansi au uandishi wa habari. Wakati mwingine, mazungumzo pia yalifanyika na vijana wengine. Mnamo 2024, Matheja alisimamia usomaji na Katja Riemann na akaendelea na umbizo lake la podikasti kwenye [[YouTube]], ambapo aliwahoji Lea Van Acken na Marcel Fratzscher, miongoni mwa wengine.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|first=Antonia|last=Trinkaus|title=„Zeit der Zäune - Orte der Flucht“: Katja Riemann: „Wir lernen nichts aus der Geschichte“|url=https://www.saarbruecker-zeitung.de/saarland/saar-pfalz-kreis/homburg/homburg-katja-riemann-mit-zeit-der-zaeune-bei-der-hombuch-2024_aid-121616379|date=2024-12-03|accessdate=2025-05-01}}</ref> Mnamo Oktoba, sanjari na kuanza kwa masomo yake, alianza kupakia video kwenye [[TikTok]] na [[Instagram]] chini ya jina ''gianni.studiert'', ambalo lilionyesha maisha ya kila siku ya wanafunzi wa vyuo vikuu kwa njia ya kejeli. Ndani ya miezi michache tu, alikuwa amekusanya jumla ya wafuasi 200,000 katika majukwaa yote (kufikia Aprili 2025) na kuonekana kwenye televisheni kwenye jarida la kejeli la ARD Extra 3.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=ONLINE |first=ZEIT |date=2025-04-12 |title=Uni-Memes: Der Trost von Mensakaffee und Milchreis |url=https://www.zeit.de/campus/2025-03/uni-memes-studium-humor-social-media |journal=Die Zeit |language=de-DE |issn=0044-2070 |access-date=2025-05-01}}</ref> Video zake kuhusu kutumia [[ChatGPT]] kwa ajili ya kusoma, haswa, zilivutia umakini mkubwa. Mnamo Mei 2025, alitoa hotuba ya ufunguzi katika Siku za Habari za chuo kikuu chake—hotuba ambayo katika miaka iliyopita ilikuwa ikitolewa na [[Rais]] Günther Ziegler. Hotuba yake baadaye ilisambaa sana kwenye mitandao ya kijamii. Tangu Juni 2025, Matheja amekuwa akiendesha kipindi cha redio cha kila mwezi kiitwacho Blue Moon kwenye rbb.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|title=Podcast: Geburtstage: Feiern oder lieber ignorieren? - mit Gianni|url=https://www.ardsounds.de/episode/urn:ard:episode:91bd3b263f90d0ff/|accessdate=2026-04-08}}</ref> Mnamo Desemba, alionekana kama mwandishi wa habari kwenye nembo ya kipindi cha habari cha televisheni ya watoto kinachoitwa logo! kwenye ZDF.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|title=Reporter unterwegs: Gianni fällt einen Weihnachtsbaum|url=https://www.zdf.de/video/magazine/logo-154/gianni-weihnachtsbaumkauf-100|accessdate=2026-04-08}}</ref> Matheja hafichui anachosoma. Alieleza kwamba hii ilikuwa kwa sababu za kutokujulikana chuoni.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|last=Cara|title=Interview Gianni Studiert|url=https://campusradio-mainz.de/2025/07/14/gianni-studiert/|date=2025-07-14|accessdate=2026-04-08}}</ref> Anaishi [[Berlin]], [[Potsdam]], na [[Mainz]].<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Köhler |first=Charlotte |last2=Farkas |first2=Christoph |date=2026-02-10 |title=Unileben: Ist die Uni ein Witz, Gianni Matheja? |url=https://www.zeit.de/wissen/2026-02/universitaet-leben-alltag-uni-podcast |journal=Die Zeit |language=de-DE |issn=0044-2070 |access-date=2026-04-08}}</ref> Mnamo 2022, ''Die Zeit'' ilimtaja kama mmoja wa nyota 20 wanaochipuka wa kizazi chake.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == <references /> {{BD|2005|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]] [[jamii:watu wa Ujerumani]] g92kl82zguda159r0l1ifdvoeq4petq Michael Chowdry 0 227825 1544054 1528034 2026-05-16T02:27:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Chowdry''' ([[1954]] – [[24 Januari]] [[2001]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]] mwenye asili ya [[Pakistan]], mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya usafirishaji wa mizigo ya anga ''Atlas Air'' mwaka [[1992]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Atlas Air CEO killed in crash |url=https://money.cnn.com/2001/01/24/deals/atlas/ |website=CNN |date=January 24, 2001 |access-date=2026-04-11 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alihamia [[Uingereza]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 15 na baadaye akaenda Marekani mwaka [[1976]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Michael Chowdry |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/michael-chowdry/ |website=Forbes |access-date=2026-04-11}}</ref> Alihitimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Minnesota Crookston mwaka [[1978]] na shahada katika Kilimo .<ref>{{cite web |title=Friday Harbor Author Shares the Highs and Lows of Aviation in 'No Man's Son' |url=https://www.sanjuanislander.com/arts-entertainment/books/2001/friday-harbor-author-shares-the-highs-and-lows-of-aviation-in-no-man-s-son/ |website=San Juan Islander |access-date=2026-04-11 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Aliorodheshwa kwenye orodha ya Forbes 400 na utajiri wa dola milioni 920 kabla ya kifo chake kwenye ajali ya ndege mwaka [[2001]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Forbes Faces: Michael Chowdry |url=https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2001/0219/162.html |website=Forbes |access-date=2026-04-11}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Pakistan]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2001]] qoo9g6iyltzsett1kqj4ooa6buctheb Paul Fireman 0 228738 1544073 1506326 2026-05-16T04:13:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Fireman''' (Alizaliwa [[Februari 14]], [[1944]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Paul Fireman |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/paul-fireman/ |website=Forbes |access-date=2026-04-16}}</ref> Aliongoza kampuni ya ''Reebok International'' kwa miaka 26 kama mwenyekiti na afisa mkuu mtendaji, na akaiuza kwa ''Adidas'' mwaka [[2005]] kwa dola bilioni 3.8, akijitengenezea dola milioni 800.<ref>{{cite web |title=Paul Fireman takes another shot |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/ |website=The Boston Globe |access-date=2026-04-16}}</ref> Fireman alianza kazi yake akiwa na umri wa miaka 18 katika biashara ya familia, ''Boston Camping'', ya kuuza vifaa vya michezo ya nje na samaki.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Man Who Made Reebok Jump High |url=https://www.latimes.com/ |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=2026-04-16}}</ref> Yeye ndiye msanidi wa ''Liberty National Golf Club'' huko Jersey City, [[New Jersey]], na pia aliendeleza viwanja vingi vya golf huko [[Massachusetts]], [[Puerto Rico]], na [[Arizona]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Fireman's Fantasy |url=https://money.cnn.com/ |website=Fortune |access-date=2026-04-16 |archive-date=2018-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004103159/https://money.cnn.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ma5c1xtdv1fpvwtcyggq5bevfdtwrix Bill H. Gross 0 228859 1543844 1506534 2026-05-15T17:46:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543844 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Hunt "Bill" Gross''' (Alizaliwa [[Aprili 13]], [[1944]]) ni mwekezaji bilionea nchini [[Marekani]] na mwanzilishi mwenza wa ''PIMCO'', kampuni ya kimataifa ya uwekezaji wa mapato maalumu (fixed income).<ref>{{cite web |title=Bill Gross |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/bill-gross/ |website=Forbes |access-date=2026-04-17}}</ref> Alijulikana kwa jina la utani "Mfalme wa Bondi" (Bond King) na alisimamia ''PIMCO Total Return Fund'', wakati mmoja ikiwa hazina kubwa zaidi ya bondi duniani yenye thamani ya karibu dola bilioni 293.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Bond King |url=https://money.cnn.com/ |website=Fortune |access-date=2026-04-17 |archive-date=2018-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004103159/https://money.cnn.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gross aliondoka PIMCO mwaka [[2014]] na kujiunga na ''Janus Capital Group'', na alistaafu kutoka kwa usimamizi wa hazina mwaka [[2019]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Once the 'Bond King,' Bill Gross Is Retiring, His Star Dimmed |url=https://www.nytimes.com/ |website=The New York Times |access-date=2026-04-17}}</ref> Yeye pia ni mkusanyaji maarufu wa stempu na alichangia mamilioni ya dola kwa hisani, ikiwemo dola milioni 40 kwa [[Chuo Kikuu cha California]], Irvine kuanzisha shule ya uuguzi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sue and Bill Gross commit $40 million to establish nursing school |url=https://news.uci.edu/ |website=UC Irvine News |access-date=2026-04-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] exgfl1ikvikaoi9ym9ru7crm9nrzs2u Michael (filamu ya 2026) 0 230667 1543944 1526407 2026-05-15T21:00:51Z Muddyb 379 1543944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Filamu 2 | jina = Michael | picha = Michael (2026 film poster).png | maelezo_ya_picha = Bango la filamu wakati inatoka | mwongozaji = [[Antoine Fuqua]] | mwandishi = [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]] | mtayarishaji = {{Plainlist| * [[Graham King]] * [[John Branca]] * John McClain }} | nyota = {{Plainlist| * [[Jaafar Jackson]] * [[Nia Long]] * Juliano Valdi * KeiLyn Durrel Jones * [[Laura Harrier]] * [[Jessica Sula]] * [[Mike Myers]] * [[Miles Teller]] * [[Colman Domingo]] }} | muziki = [[Lior Rosner]] | mpiga_picha = [[Dion Beebe]] | mhariri = {{Plainlist| * [[John Ottman]] * [[Harry Yoon]] * [[Conrad Buff IV]] * [[Tom Cross (film editor)|Tom Cross]] }} | kampuni_ya_utayarishaji = {{Plainlist| * [[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Galuppo |first=Mia |date=October 3, 2023 |title=Michael Jackson Biopic Lands at Universal for International distribution |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-lands-at-universal-1235607580/ |access-date=November 27, 2025 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |archive-date=October 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003183449/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-lands-at-universal-1235607580/ | url-status=live}}</ref> * [[GK Films]] * Optimum Productions }} | msambazaji = {{Plainlist| * Lionsgate (Marekani) * [[Universal Pictures]] (Kimataifa) }} | tarehe_ya_kutoka = {{Film date|2026|04|10|[[Uber Eats Music Hall]]|ref1=<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Michael Jackson Biopic to Premiere in Berlin Ahead of Fan Festival |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-berlin-premiere-90206/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=January 27, 2026}}</ref>|2026|04|24|Marekani}} | muda = dakika 127<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=March 23, 2026 |title=''Michael'' [PG] |url=https://www.alberta.ca/search-movie-ratings.aspx?filmsearchtitle=Michael&filmsearchrating=2&filmsearchadvisory=&filmsearchdistributor=223&filmsearchdatefrom=2026-03-23&filmsearchdateto=2026-03-23&searchfilm= |access-date=March 23, 2026 |website=[[Canadian motion picture rating system|Alberta Film Classification Office]] |language=en-CA}}</ref> | nchi = Marekani | lugha = Kiingereza | bajeti = Dola milioni 165–200 | mapato = $611.8 million<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt11378946/?ref_=bo_rl_ti |access-date=May 14, 2026 |publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael - Financial Information |url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Michael-(2026) |access-date=May 14, 2026 |publisher=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]}}</ref> }} '''''Michael''''' ni filamu ya wasifu ya mwaka 2026 kutoka nchini Marekani inayomhusu mwanamuziki maarufu [[Michael Jackson]]. Filamu hii imeongozwa na [[Antoine Fuqua]] na kuandikwa na [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]]. Inagusia maisha ya Michael Jackson kuanzia kipindi chake na kundi la [[the Jackson 5]] katika miaka ya 1960 hadi ziara ya [[Bad (ziara)|Bad]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980. Jackson ameigizwa na mpwa wake [[Jaafar Jackson]], huku Michael akiwa mtoto akichezwa na Juliano Krue Valdi. == Hadithi == Mnamo mwaka 1966, mfanyakazi wa kiwanda cha chuma [[Joe Jackson (msimamizi wa talanta)|Joseph Jackson]] anawakusanya wanawe watano na kuunda kundi la muziki la [[the Jackson 5]], huku mtoto wake mdogo, [[Michael Jackson|Michael]], akiwa mwimbaji mkuu. Baada ya miezi kadhaa ya mazoezi magumu yaliyohusisha adhabu za viboko kutoka kwa Joseph, kundi la Jackson 5 linaanza kutumbuiza katika kumbi mbalimbali hadi waliposainiwa na lebo ya [[Motown]] mwaka 1969. Albamu zao zinaongoza chati na kundi linatumbuiza Marekani nzima, jambo linalowafanya wahame kutoka [[Gary, Indiana]], kwenda kwenye jumba la kifahari huko [[Hayvenhurst]], [[Encino, Los Angeles|Encino, California]], miaka miwili baadaye. Mwanzilishi wa Motown, [[Berry Gordy]], anaamini kuwa Michael ana uwezo mkubwa zaidi kama msanii wa pekee. Mnamo 1978, Michael anasaini na [[Epic Records]] kwa ajili ya albamu yake ya kwanza ya ukubwani kama msanii wa pekee, ''[[Off the Wall]]'', huku [[Quincy Jones]] akiwa mtayarishaji. Licha ya mafanikio yake, Michael anadhibitiwa na Joseph, ambaye anaamini kuwa yeye ndiye aliyehusika pekee na utajiri wa watoto wake. Michael anaanza kujihisi mwenye wasiwasi kuhusu muonekano wake na kuanza kupata ugonjwa wa [[vitiligo]], jambo linalomfanya afanye upasuaji wa pua (rhinoplasty). Baada ya ugomvi na Joseph, Michael anachukua ushauri kutoka kwa mlinzi wake na rafiki wa karibu, Bill Bray, na kuamua kufuata njia yake mwenyewe. Mnamo 1981, anamajiri [[John Branca]] kama mwanasheria wake na kumfanya amfukuze kazi Joseph kupitia faksi. Mbali na kutembelea hospitali za watoto, Michael anafanya majaribio ya mawazo mapya ya albamu yake inayofuata ya mwaka 1982. Baada ya kutazama ripoti ya habari kuhusu vita vya magenge ya Crips–Bloods, anawaajiri washiriki wa magenge hayo kuonekana kwenye video yake ya "[[Beat It]]". Albamu ya ''[[Thriller (album)|Thriller]]'' inavunja rekodi za mauzo duniani huku Michael akitoa onyesho la kihistoria la "[[Billie Jean]]" kwenye tamasha la [[Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever|Motown 25]]. Michael na Branca wanaelekea New York kumuomba rais wa CBS Records, [[Walter Yetnikoff]], kuishawishi [[MTV]] kuonyesha video za Michael. MTV inakubali baada ya Yetnikoff kutishia kuondoa orodha ya wasanii wa CBS kwenye kituo hicho. Wakati Michael akifurahia mafanikio yake, Joseph anafanya kikao na promota wa ndondi [[Don King]] kuhusu pendekezo la ziara ya pamoja ya akina Jackson ya [[Victory Tour (The Jacksons)|Victory Tour]] mwaka 1984. King anamfanyia Joseph dili la udhamini wa [[PepsiCo]], kwa sharti kwamba Michael lazima ashiriki ziara hiyo, jambo ambalo Michael analipinga. Wakati akirekodi tangazo la Pepsi, cheche za moto kutoka kwenye mitambo ya jukwaani zinamteketeza Michael nywele, na kumsababishia majeraha makubwa ya moto na uharibifu wa neva. Yeye na Branca wanaishitaki PepsiCo na fedha za fidia wanazipeleka kwenye kituo cha matibabu ya moto alikotibiwa. Baada ya Michael kupona, anakubali kufanya ziara na ndugu zake. Katika onyesho la mwisho, Michael anatangaza kuwa hiyo ndiyo mara ya mwisho kwa akina Jackson kutumbuiza pamoja, jambo ambalo linakata uhusiano wake wa kikazi na Joseph. Filamu inaishia ikionyesha Michael, akiwa na ngozi iliyokwishabadilika rangi, akitumbuiza huko [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] wakati wa ziara ya Bad mwaka 1988, ikigusia uwezekano wa hadithi hiyo kuendelea. == Utayarishaji == Mnamo Novemba 2019, mtayarishaji [[Graham King]] alipata haki za kutengeneza filamu hii huku [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]] akiwa mwandishi.<ref name="LoganNov2019">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=November 22, 2019 |title=Michael Jackson's Life Getting Movie Treatment |url=https://deadline.com/2019/11/michael-jackson-movie-bohemian-rhapsody-producer-john-logan-graham-king-1202792922/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> [[Lionsgate Films]] walitangaza filamu Februari 2022. Uandishi wa muswada ulikutana na changamoto baada ya kugundulika kwa makubaliano ya kisheria ya mwaka 1993 yaliyozuia kumtaja Jordan Chandler kwenye filamu yoyote, jambo lililopelekea marejeo ya tuhuma za unyanyasaji wa watoto kuondolewa na mwisho wa filamu kubadilishwa.<ref name="Variety_LangRubin2026">{{Rejea tovuti |last1=Lang |first1=Brent |last2=Rubin |first2=Rebecca |date=April 7, 2026 |title=Inside the 'Michael' Overhaul |url=https://variety.com/2026/film/news/michael-movie-reshoots-removing-child-abuse-allegations-1236710221/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> Paris Jackson aliuelezea muswada wa mapema kama "umetiwa sukari", akisema filamu za wasifu mara nyingi huchuja ukweli.<ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Sun |first=Michael |date=September 4, 2025 |title=Michael Jackson's daughter Paris criticizes 'sugar-coated' biopic |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2025/sep/04/michael-jackson-daughter-paris-criticises-sugar-coated-biopic-about-her-father |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Washiriki == * [[Jaafar Jackson]] kama [[Michael Jackson]] * [[Colman Domingo]] kama [[Joe Jackson (talent manager)|Joseph Jackson]] * [[Nia Long]] kama [[Katherine Jackson]] * [[Miles Teller]] kama [[John Branca]] * [[Mike Myers]] kama [[Walter Yetnikoff]] * [[Larenz Tate]] kama [[Berry Gordy]] * [[Kendrick Sampson]] kama [[Quincy Jones]] * KeiLyn Durrel Jones kama Bill Bray == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{IMDb title|11326202}} [[Jamii:Filamu za wasifu]] [[Jamii:Filamu za Marekani]] [[Jamii:Filamu za 2026]] gvjq07cbrlhe27iiylo6y5nu0f6tpqd 1543945 1543944 2026-05-15T21:03:06Z Muddyb 379 1543945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Filamu 2 | jina = Michael | picha = Michael (2026 film poster).png | maelezo_ya_picha = Bango la filamu wakati inatoka | mwongozaji = [[Antoine Fuqua]] | mwandishi = [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]] | mtayarishaji = {{Plainlist| * [[Graham King]] * [[John Branca]] * John McClain }} | nyota = {{Plainlist| * [[Jaafar Jackson]] * [[Nia Long]] * Juliano Valdi * KeiLyn Durrel Jones * [[Laura Harrier]] * [[Jessica Sula]] * [[Mike Myers]] * [[Miles Teller]] * [[Colman Domingo]] }} | muziki = [[Lior Rosner]] | mpiga_picha = [[Dion Beebe]] | mhariri = {{Plainlist| * [[John Ottman]] * [[Harry Yoon]] * [[Conrad Buff IV]] * [[Tom Cross (film editor)|Tom Cross]] }} | kampuni_ya_utayarishaji = {{Plainlist| * [[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Galuppo |first=Mia |date=October 3, 2023 |title=Michael Jackson Biopic Lands at Universal for International distribution |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-lands-at-universal-1235607580/ |access-date=November 27, 2025 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |archive-date=October 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003183449/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-lands-at-universal-1235607580/ | url-status=live}}</ref> * [[GK Films]] * Optimum Productions }} | msambazaji = {{Plainlist| * Lionsgate (Marekani) * [[Universal Pictures]] (Kimataifa) }} | tarehe_ya_kutoka = {{Film date|2026|04|10|[[Uber Eats Music Hall]]|ref1=<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Michael Jackson Biopic to Premiere in Berlin Ahead of Fan Festival |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-berlin-premiere-90206/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=January 27, 2026}}</ref>|2026|04|24|Marekani}} | muda = dakika 127<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=March 23, 2026 |title=''Michael'' [PG] |url=https://www.alberta.ca/search-movie-ratings.aspx?filmsearchtitle=Michael&filmsearchrating=2&filmsearchadvisory=&filmsearchdistributor=223&filmsearchdatefrom=2026-03-23&filmsearchdateto=2026-03-23&searchfilm= |access-date=March 23, 2026 |website=[[Canadian motion picture rating system|Alberta Film Classification Office]] |language=en-CA}}</ref> | nchi = Marekani | lugha = Kiingereza | bajeti = Dola milioni 165–200 | mapato = $611.8 million<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt11378946/?ref_=bo_rl_ti |access-date=May 14, 2026 |publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael - Financial Information |url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Michael-(2026) |access-date=May 14, 2026 |publisher=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]}}</ref> |imetolewa={{Film date|2026|04|10|[[Uber Eats Music Hall|Berlin]]|ref1=<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Michael Jackson Biopic to Premiere in Berlin Ahead of Fan Festival |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-berlin-premiere-90206/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=January 27, 2026}}</ref>|2026|04|24|United States}}}} '''''Michael''''' ni filamu ya wasifu ya mwaka 2026 kutoka nchini Marekani inayomhusu mwanamuziki maarufu [[Michael Jackson]]. Filamu hii imeongozwa na [[Antoine Fuqua]] na kuandikwa na [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]]. Inagusia maisha ya Michael Jackson kuanzia kipindi chake na kundi la [[the Jackson 5]] katika miaka ya 1960 hadi ziara ya [[Bad (ziara)|Bad]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980. Jackson ameigizwa na mpwa wake [[Jaafar Jackson]], huku Michael akiwa mtoto akichezwa na Juliano Krue Valdi. == Hadithi == Mnamo mwaka 1966, mfanyakazi wa kiwanda cha chuma [[Joe Jackson (msimamizi wa talanta)|Joseph Jackson]] anawakusanya wanawe watano na kuunda kundi la muziki la [[the Jackson 5]], huku mtoto wake mdogo, [[Michael Jackson|Michael]], akiwa mwimbaji mkuu. Baada ya miezi kadhaa ya mazoezi magumu yaliyohusisha adhabu za viboko kutoka kwa Joseph, kundi la Jackson 5 linaanza kutumbuiza katika kumbi mbalimbali hadi waliposainiwa na lebo ya [[Motown]] mwaka 1969. Albamu zao zinaongoza chati na kundi linatumbuiza Marekani nzima, jambo linalowafanya wahame kutoka [[Gary, Indiana]], kwenda kwenye jumba la kifahari huko [[Hayvenhurst]], [[Encino, Los Angeles|Encino, California]], miaka miwili baadaye. Mwanzilishi wa Motown, [[Berry Gordy]], anaamini kuwa Michael ana uwezo mkubwa zaidi kama msanii wa pekee. Mnamo 1978, Michael anasaini na [[Epic Records]] kwa ajili ya albamu yake ya kwanza ya ukubwani kama msanii wa pekee, ''[[Off the Wall]]'', huku [[Quincy Jones]] akiwa mtayarishaji. Licha ya mafanikio yake, Michael anadhibitiwa na Joseph, ambaye anaamini kuwa yeye ndiye aliyehusika pekee na utajiri wa watoto wake. Michael anaanza kujihisi mwenye wasiwasi kuhusu muonekano wake na kuanza kupata ugonjwa wa [[vitiligo]], jambo linalomfanya afanye upasuaji wa pua (rhinoplasty). Baada ya ugomvi na Joseph, Michael anachukua ushauri kutoka kwa mlinzi wake na rafiki wa karibu, Bill Bray, na kuamua kufuata njia yake mwenyewe. Mnamo 1981, anamajiri [[John Branca]] kama mwanasheria wake na kumfanya amfukuze kazi Joseph kupitia faksi. Mbali na kutembelea hospitali za watoto, Michael anafanya majaribio ya mawazo mapya ya albamu yake inayofuata ya mwaka 1982. Baada ya kutazama ripoti ya habari kuhusu vita vya magenge ya Crips–Bloods, anawaajiri washiriki wa magenge hayo kuonekana kwenye video yake ya "[[Beat It]]". Albamu ya ''[[Thriller (album)|Thriller]]'' inavunja rekodi za mauzo duniani huku Michael akitoa onyesho la kihistoria la "[[Billie Jean]]" kwenye tamasha la [[Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever|Motown 25]]. Michael na Branca wanaelekea New York kumuomba rais wa CBS Records, [[Walter Yetnikoff]], kuishawishi [[MTV]] kuonyesha video za Michael. MTV inakubali baada ya Yetnikoff kutishia kuondoa orodha ya wasanii wa CBS kwenye kituo hicho. Wakati Michael akifurahia mafanikio yake, Joseph anafanya kikao na promota wa ndondi [[Don King]] kuhusu pendekezo la ziara ya pamoja ya akina Jackson ya [[Victory Tour (The Jacksons)|Victory Tour]] mwaka 1984. King anamfanyia Joseph dili la udhamini wa [[PepsiCo]], kwa sharti kwamba Michael lazima ashiriki ziara hiyo, jambo ambalo Michael analipinga. Wakati akirekodi tangazo la Pepsi, cheche za moto kutoka kwenye mitambo ya jukwaani zinamteketeza Michael nywele, na kumsababishia majeraha makubwa ya moto na uharibifu wa neva. Yeye na Branca wanaishitaki PepsiCo na fedha za fidia wanazipeleka kwenye kituo cha matibabu ya moto alikotibiwa. Baada ya Michael kupona, anakubali kufanya ziara na ndugu zake. Katika onyesho la mwisho, Michael anatangaza kuwa hiyo ndiyo mara ya mwisho kwa akina Jackson kutumbuiza pamoja, jambo ambalo linakata uhusiano wake wa kikazi na Joseph. Filamu inaishia ikionyesha Michael, akiwa na ngozi iliyokwishabadilika rangi, akitumbuiza huko [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] wakati wa ziara ya Bad mwaka 1988, ikigusia uwezekano wa hadithi hiyo kuendelea. == Utayarishaji == Mnamo Novemba 2019, mtayarishaji [[Graham King]] alipata haki za kutengeneza filamu hii huku [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]] akiwa mwandishi.<ref name="LoganNov2019">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=November 22, 2019 |title=Michael Jackson's Life Getting Movie Treatment |url=https://deadline.com/2019/11/michael-jackson-movie-bohemian-rhapsody-producer-john-logan-graham-king-1202792922/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> [[Lionsgate Films]] walitangaza filamu Februari 2022. Uandishi wa muswada ulikutana na changamoto baada ya kugundulika kwa makubaliano ya kisheria ya mwaka 1993 yaliyozuia kumtaja Jordan Chandler kwenye filamu yoyote, jambo lililopelekea marejeo ya tuhuma za unyanyasaji wa watoto kuondolewa na mwisho wa filamu kubadilishwa.<ref name="Variety_LangRubin2026">{{Rejea tovuti |last1=Lang |first1=Brent |last2=Rubin |first2=Rebecca |date=April 7, 2026 |title=Inside the 'Michael' Overhaul |url=https://variety.com/2026/film/news/michael-movie-reshoots-removing-child-abuse-allegations-1236710221/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> Paris Jackson aliuelezea muswada wa mapema kama "umetiwa sukari", akisema filamu za wasifu mara nyingi huchuja ukweli.<ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Sun |first=Michael |date=September 4, 2025 |title=Michael Jackson's daughter Paris criticizes 'sugar-coated' biopic |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2025/sep/04/michael-jackson-daughter-paris-criticises-sugar-coated-biopic-about-her-father |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Washiriki == * [[Jaafar Jackson]] kama [[Michael Jackson]] * [[Colman Domingo]] kama [[Joe Jackson (talent manager)|Joseph Jackson]] * [[Nia Long]] kama [[Katherine Jackson]] * [[Miles Teller]] kama [[John Branca]] * [[Mike Myers]] kama [[Walter Yetnikoff]] * [[Larenz Tate]] kama [[Berry Gordy]] * [[Kendrick Sampson]] kama [[Quincy Jones]] * KeiLyn Durrel Jones kama Bill Bray == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{IMDb title|11326202}} [[Jamii:Filamu za wasifu]] [[Jamii:Filamu za Marekani]] [[Jamii:Filamu za 2026]] 3lcqxk2t80496az9ndchuux27u4sn1z 1543991 1543945 2026-05-15T23:18:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543991 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Filamu 2 | jina = Michael | picha = Michael (2026 film poster).png | maelezo_ya_picha = Bango la filamu wakati inatoka | mwongozaji = [[Antoine Fuqua]] | mwandishi = [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]] | mtayarishaji = {{Plainlist| * [[Graham King]] * [[John Branca]] * John McClain }} | nyota = {{Plainlist| * [[Jaafar Jackson]] * [[Nia Long]] * Juliano Valdi * KeiLyn Durrel Jones * [[Laura Harrier]] * [[Jessica Sula]] * [[Mike Myers]] * [[Miles Teller]] * [[Colman Domingo]] }} | muziki = [[Lior Rosner]] | mpiga_picha = [[Dion Beebe]] | mhariri = {{Plainlist| * [[John Ottman]] * [[Harry Yoon]] * [[Conrad Buff IV]] * [[Tom Cross (film editor)|Tom Cross]] }} | kampuni_ya_utayarishaji = {{Plainlist| * [[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Galuppo |first=Mia |date=October 3, 2023 |title=Michael Jackson Biopic Lands at Universal for International distribution |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-lands-at-universal-1235607580/ |access-date=November 27, 2025 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |archive-date=October 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003183449/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-lands-at-universal-1235607580/ | url-status=live}}</ref> * [[GK Films]] * Optimum Productions }} | msambazaji = {{Plainlist| * Lionsgate (Marekani) * [[Universal Pictures]] (Kimataifa) }} | tarehe_ya_kutoka = {{Film date|2026|04|10|[[Uber Eats Music Hall]]|ref1=<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Michael Jackson Biopic to Premiere in Berlin Ahead of Fan Festival |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-berlin-premiere-90206/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=January 27, 2026}}</ref>|2026|04|24|Marekani}} | muda = dakika 127<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=March 23, 2026 |title=''Michael'' [PG] |url=https://www.alberta.ca/search-movie-ratings.aspx?filmsearchtitle=Michael&filmsearchrating=2&filmsearchadvisory=&filmsearchdistributor=223&filmsearchdatefrom=2026-03-23&filmsearchdateto=2026-03-23&searchfilm= |access-date=March 23, 2026 |website=[[Canadian motion picture rating system|Alberta Film Classification Office]] |language=en-CA}}</ref> | nchi = Marekani | lugha = Kiingereza | bajeti = Dola milioni 165–200 | mapato = $611.8 million<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Michael |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt11378946/?ref_=bo_rl_ti |access-date=May 14, 2026 |publisher=[[Box Office Mojo]]}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Michael - Financial Information |url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Michael-(2026) |access-date=May 14, 2026 |publisher=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]}}</ref> |imetolewa={{Film date|2026|04|10|[[Uber Eats Music Hall|Berlin]]|ref1=<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Michael Jackson Biopic to Premiere in Berlin Ahead of Fan Festival |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/michael-jackson-biopic-berlin-premiere-90206/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] | date=January 27, 2026}}</ref>|2026|04|24|United States}}}} '''''Michael''''' ni filamu ya wasifu ya mwaka 2026 kutoka nchini Marekani inayomhusu mwanamuziki maarufu [[Michael Jackson]]. Filamu hii imeongozwa na [[Antoine Fuqua]] na kuandikwa na [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]]. Inagusia maisha ya Michael Jackson kuanzia kipindi chake na kundi la [[the Jackson 5]] katika miaka ya 1960 hadi ziara ya [[Bad (ziara)|Bad]] mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980. Jackson ameigizwa na mpwa wake [[Jaafar Jackson]], huku Michael akiwa mtoto akichezwa na Juliano Krue Valdi. == Hadithi == Mnamo mwaka 1966, mfanyakazi wa kiwanda cha chuma [[Joe Jackson (msimamizi wa talanta)|Joseph Jackson]] anawakusanya wanawe watano na kuunda kundi la muziki la [[the Jackson 5]], huku mtoto wake mdogo, [[Michael Jackson|Michael]], akiwa mwimbaji mkuu. Baada ya miezi kadhaa ya mazoezi magumu yaliyohusisha adhabu za viboko kutoka kwa Joseph, kundi la Jackson 5 linaanza kutumbuiza katika kumbi mbalimbali hadi waliposainiwa na lebo ya [[Motown]] mwaka 1969. Albamu zao zinaongoza chati na kundi linatumbuiza Marekani nzima, jambo linalowafanya wahame kutoka [[Gary, Indiana]], kwenda kwenye jumba la kifahari huko [[Hayvenhurst]], [[Encino, Los Angeles|Encino, California]], miaka miwili baadaye. Mwanzilishi wa Motown, [[Berry Gordy]], anaamini kuwa Michael ana uwezo mkubwa zaidi kama msanii wa pekee. Mnamo 1978, Michael anasaini na [[Epic Records]] kwa ajili ya albamu yake ya kwanza ya ukubwani kama msanii wa pekee, ''[[Off the Wall]]'', huku [[Quincy Jones]] akiwa mtayarishaji. Licha ya mafanikio yake, Michael anadhibitiwa na Joseph, ambaye anaamini kuwa yeye ndiye aliyehusika pekee na utajiri wa watoto wake. Michael anaanza kujihisi mwenye wasiwasi kuhusu muonekano wake na kuanza kupata ugonjwa wa [[vitiligo]], jambo linalomfanya afanye upasuaji wa pua (rhinoplasty). Baada ya ugomvi na Joseph, Michael anachukua ushauri kutoka kwa mlinzi wake na rafiki wa karibu, Bill Bray, na kuamua kufuata njia yake mwenyewe. Mnamo 1981, anamajiri [[John Branca]] kama mwanasheria wake na kumfanya amfukuze kazi Joseph kupitia faksi. Mbali na kutembelea hospitali za watoto, Michael anafanya majaribio ya mawazo mapya ya albamu yake inayofuata ya mwaka 1982. Baada ya kutazama ripoti ya habari kuhusu vita vya magenge ya Crips–Bloods, anawaajiri washiriki wa magenge hayo kuonekana kwenye video yake ya "[[Beat It]]". Albamu ya ''[[Thriller (album)|Thriller]]'' inavunja rekodi za mauzo duniani huku Michael akitoa onyesho la kihistoria la "[[Billie Jean]]" kwenye tamasha la [[Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever|Motown 25]]. Michael na Branca wanaelekea New York kumuomba rais wa CBS Records, [[Walter Yetnikoff]], kuishawishi [[MTV]] kuonyesha video za Michael. MTV inakubali baada ya Yetnikoff kutishia kuondoa orodha ya wasanii wa CBS kwenye kituo hicho. Wakati Michael akifurahia mafanikio yake, Joseph anafanya kikao na promota wa ndondi [[Don King]] kuhusu pendekezo la ziara ya pamoja ya akina Jackson ya [[Victory Tour (The Jacksons)|Victory Tour]] mwaka 1984. King anamfanyia Joseph dili la udhamini wa [[PepsiCo]], kwa sharti kwamba Michael lazima ashiriki ziara hiyo, jambo ambalo Michael analipinga. Wakati akirekodi tangazo la Pepsi, cheche za moto kutoka kwenye mitambo ya jukwaani zinamteketeza Michael nywele, na kumsababishia majeraha makubwa ya moto na uharibifu wa neva. Yeye na Branca wanaishitaki PepsiCo na fedha za fidia wanazipeleka kwenye kituo cha matibabu ya moto alikotibiwa. Baada ya Michael kupona, anakubali kufanya ziara na ndugu zake. Katika onyesho la mwisho, Michael anatangaza kuwa hiyo ndiyo mara ya mwisho kwa akina Jackson kutumbuiza pamoja, jambo ambalo linakata uhusiano wake wa kikazi na Joseph. Filamu inaishia ikionyesha Michael, akiwa na ngozi iliyokwishabadilika rangi, akitumbuiza huko [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] wakati wa ziara ya Bad mwaka 1988, ikigusia uwezekano wa hadithi hiyo kuendelea. == Utayarishaji == Mnamo Novemba 2019, mtayarishaji [[Graham King]] alipata haki za kutengeneza filamu hii huku [[John Logan (writer)|John Logan]] akiwa mwandishi.<ref name="LoganNov2019">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=November 22, 2019 |title=Michael Jackson's Life Getting Movie Treatment |url=https://deadline.com/2019/11/michael-jackson-movie-bohemian-rhapsody-producer-john-logan-graham-king-1202792922/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> [[Lionsgate Films]] walitangaza filamu Februari 2022. Uandishi wa muswada ulikutana na changamoto baada ya kugundulika kwa makubaliano ya kisheria ya mwaka 1993 yaliyozuia kumtaja Jordan Chandler kwenye filamu yoyote, jambo lililopelekea marejeo ya tuhuma za unyanyasaji wa watoto kuondolewa na mwisho wa filamu kubadilishwa.<ref name="Variety_LangRubin2026">{{Rejea tovuti |last1=Lang |first1=Brent |last2=Rubin |first2=Rebecca |date=April 7, 2026 |title=Inside the 'Michael' Overhaul |url=https://variety.com/2026/film/news/michael-movie-reshoots-removing-child-abuse-allegations-1236710221/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> Paris Jackson aliuelezea muswada wa mapema kama "umetiwa sukari", akisema filamu za wasifu mara nyingi huchuja ukweli.<ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Sun |first=Michael |date=September 4, 2025 |title=Michael Jackson's daughter Paris criticizes 'sugar-coated' biopic |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2025/sep/04/michael-jackson-daughter-paris-criticises-sugar-coated-biopic-about-her-father |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> == Washiriki == * [[Jaafar Jackson]] kama [[Michael Jackson]] * [[Colman Domingo]] kama [[Joe Jackson (talent manager)|Joseph Jackson]] * [[Nia Long]] kama [[Katherine Jackson]] * [[Miles Teller]] kama [[John Branca]] * [[Mike Myers]] kama [[Walter Yetnikoff]] * [[Larenz Tate]] kama [[Berry Gordy]] * [[Kendrick Sampson]] kama [[Quincy Jones]] * KeiLyn Durrel Jones kama Bill Bray == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{IMDb title|11326202}} [[Jamii:Filamu za wasifu]] [[Jamii:Filamu za Marekani]] [[Jamii:Filamu za 2026]] 32kr490pby4hgsqxxou0iomeiku9pn0 Zipporah Gathuya 0 231562 1543761 1531086 2026-05-15T14:22:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543761 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zipporah Gathuya''' ni mtaalamu mshauri wa anesthesiology (udaktari wa usingizi) kutoka [[Kenya]], ambaye utaalamu wake maalum ni anesthesiology ya watoto (pediatric anesthesia). Alihudumu kama Daktari Mkuu wa upasuaji katika St. John Ambulance Kenya, kwa kipindi cha miaka 21 kati ya 1996 hadi 2017.<ref name="1R">{{cite web |newspaper=[[Business Daily Africa]] |date=20 July 2017 |access-date=17 April 2019 |url=[https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/lifestyle/society/Rich-women-doctors-KRA-list/3405664-4024932-6isfwq/index.html](https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/lifestyle/society/Rich-women-doctors-KRA-list/3405664-4024932-6isfwq/index.html) |title=Wanawake wakuu wanaolipa kodi kubwa |first=Stellar |last=Murumba |location=Nairobi }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="2R">{{cite web|date=2019 |url=[https://www.linkedin.com/in/zipporah-gathuya-236ba863/](https://www.linkedin.com/in/zipporah-gathuya-236ba863/) |title=Zipporah Gathuya: Daktari wa anesthesiology, Kenya |access-date=17 April 2019 |publisher=[[LinkedIn]] |author=Zipporah Gathuya}}</ref> == Historia na elimu == Alizaliwa nchini Kenya katika miaka ya 1970, na alipata elimu yake ya msingi na sekondari nchini humo. Baadaye alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Nairobi]], ambako alisoma tiba ya binadamu na kuhitimu Shahada ya Tiba na Upasuaji.<ref name="1R"/> Mwaka 2004, alipokuwa akifanya kazi katika chumba cha wagonjwa mahututi ([[ICU]]) katika Kenyatta National Hospital huko Nairobi, alikutana na madaktari wawili wa anesthesiology ya watoto kutoka Marekani. Walimwalika kwenda Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, ambapo alihudhuria kozi fupi ya mafunzo ya anesthesiology ya watoto katika Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota. Baada ya kurejea Kenya, alipata mfadhili aliyemwezesha kuendelea na masomo yake nchini Afrika Kusini, ambako alihitimu shahada ya uzamili (Master of Medicine – MMed) katika anesthesiology.<ref name="3R">{{cite web|url=[https://childrenssurgeryintl.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/2012-summer.pdf](https://childrenssurgeryintl.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/2012-summer.pdf) |title=CSI's Wonder Woman Zipporah Gathuya: CSI calls her 'Wonder Woman'; her children call her 'mum'|publisher=Children's Surgery International |date=2012 |access-date=17 April 2019 |first=Katie |last=Lynch |location=Minneapolis}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Kenya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ieb8jnqedba4oo34mjkx89scu6ioz1x Zaitoon Bano 0 231610 1543747 1531366 2026-05-15T14:11:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543747 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zaitoon Bano''' (18 Juni 1938 – 14 Septemba 2021), pia huandikwa '''Zaitun Banu''', alikuwa mshairi, mwandishi wa hadithi fupi, mwandishi wa riwaya, mtangazaji, na mtetezi wa haki za wanawake kutoka [[Pakistani|Pakistan]], hasa katika eneo la [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]. Aliandika hasa kwa lugha za [[Kipashto]] na [[Kiurdu]]. Wakati mwingine alijulikana kama ''Khatun-e-Awal'' (mwanamke wa kwanza) au “mama wa kwanza wa fasihi ya kubuni ya Kipashto”, jina la heshima alilopewa kwa kutambua mchango wake katika haki za wanawake wa [[Wapashtun]]. Aliandika zaidi ya vitabu 24, ikiwa ni pamoja na hadithi yake ya kwanza fupi iitwayo ''Hindara'' (Kioo), ambayo inahesabiwa kuwa mojawapo ya kazi muhimu katika fasihi ya Kipashto.<ref name="dawn.com">{{Rejea tovuti |date=26 Oktoba 2016 |title=Zaitoon Bano a strong Pakhtun feminine voice |url=[https://www.dawn.com/news/1292305](https://www.dawn.com/news/1292305) |website=Dawn}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=British Pukhtun Association arranges function |url=[https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/111732-British-Pukhtun-Association-arranges-function](https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/111732-British-Pukhtun-Association-arranges-function) |website=The News }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alizaliwa na Pir Syed Sultan Mahmood Shah katika kijiji cha Sufaid Dheri, [[Peshawar]], Pakistan. Aliolewa na Taj Saeed, na alikuwa mjukuu wa Pir Syed Abdul Qudus Tundar, mshairi wa Kipashto.<ref name="tribune.com.pk">{{Rejea tovuti |date=9 Machi 2014 |title=Tales of the times : The bold and the literary |url=[https://tribune.com.pk/story/680890/tales-of-the-times-the-bold-and-the-literary/](https://tribune.com.pk/story/680890/tales-of-the-times-the-bold-and-the-literary/) |website=The Express Tribune }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Anatajwa pia kama miongoni mwa waandishi wa kwanza wa [[fasihi ya Kipashto]] waliogusia kwa kina masuala ya kijamii yanayowakabili wanawake wa Kipashutuni kupitia maandishi yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=29 Agosti 2010 |title=Pushto literature: The will to change |url=[https://www.dawn.com/news/826903/pushto-literature-the-will-to-change](https://www.dawn.com/news/826903/pushto-literature-the-will-to-change) |website=Dawn}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1938|2021}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Pakistan]] djnfazckh1ozbj99kgozclaqwqn9qdt Christian Maronga 0 231811 1543918 1531665 2026-05-15T19:58:18Z Der-Wir-Ing 18922 -linkspam 1543918 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Christian Serge Maronga''' (12 Oktoba 1959 – 5 Agosti 2008) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Gabon]] na Rais wa chama cha Rally of Democrats (RDD). Maronga alikuwa afisa wa [[manispaa]] katika mji wa Libreville. Akiwa mgombea wa RDD katika uchaguzi wa urais uliofanyika tarehe 27 Novemba 2005, alimaliza wa mwisho kati ya wagombea watano, akipata asilimia 0.30 ya kura. Akiwa mwakilishi wa upinzani, Maronga alijumuishwa katika tume ya pamoja ya serikali na upinzani kuhusu mageuzi ya [[mfumo]] wa uchaguzi, iliyoanza kazi mwezi Mei 2006 na iliyojumuisha wawakilishi 12 kutoka upande wa serikali na 12 kutoka upinzani. Alikuwa akisumbuliwa na ugonjwa wa [[kisukari]], na alilazwa kwa mwezi mmoja katika Hospitali Kuu ya Libreville kabla ya kufariki tarehe 5 Agosti 2008. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Gabon]] [[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasiasa]] tniubx5x8yrb2lp6avddnjeek6gl5rn Michael F. Price 0 231844 1544055 1534037 2026-05-16T02:27:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael F. Price''' ([[Julai 3]], [[1951]] – [[Machi 14]], [[2022]]) alikuwa mwekezaji na meneja wa hazina nchini [[Marekani]] aliyeendesha hazina ya uwekezaji ya ''MFP Investors LLC''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1996/12/09/219361/index.htm|title=MR. PRICE IS ON THE LINE|date=9 December 1996|last=Serwer|first=Andrew|website=Fortune|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=2013-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808004816/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1996/12/09/219361/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.forbes.co.il/rating/list.aspx?en6v0tVq=FK Forbes Israel: Jewish Billionaires - Profile of Michael Price] {{Wayback|url=http://www.forbes.co.il/rating/list.aspx?en6v0tVq=FK |date=20200220162922 }} April 14, 2013 (''in Hebrew'')</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] ctpenan67fbq9fj6j5ym00a71g46rgd Abdallah Isaaq Deerow 0 232437 1543795 1538328 2026-05-15T15:08:39Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543795 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdallah Deerow Isaaq''' (Kisomali: '''Cabdalle Deeroow Isaaq''', pia hujulikana kama '''Abdullah Deerow Isaq''', Kiarabu: عبد الله اسحاق ديرو ; 1950 -2006) alikuwa mwanasiasa kutoka [[Somalia]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Somalia profile - Leaders |url=[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094632](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094632) |website=BBC News |access-date=7 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alihudumu kama Spika wa kwanza wa Bunge katika [[Transitional National Government]] ya Somalia kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi 2003. Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Katiba na Shirikisho katika [[Transitional Federal Government]] ya Somalia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Somalia: Speaker of Parliament assassinated |url=[https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-speaker-parliament-assassinated](https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-speaker-parliament-assassinated) |website=ReliefWeb |access-date=7 Mei 2026}}</ref> Mwaka 2006 aliuawa kwa shambulizi la kisiasa mwezi Julai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Somali minister shot dead |url=[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5161958.stm](http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5161958.stm) |website=BBC News |date=10 Julai 2006 |access-date=7 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950|2006}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Somalia]] 3t8xe7u3pepxg0ur5xhj1bjwuwiuvle Wilbert Doneleyko 0 232715 1543703 1538445 2026-05-15T12:56:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543703 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wilbert George Doneleyko''' (jina lake la ukoo pia huandikwa ''Doneley''; [[13 Februari]] [[1913]] – [[27 Januari]] [[1990]]) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Kanada kutoka jimbo la Manitoba. Alizaliwa katika Rossburn na alisoma huko, kisha akafanya kazi kama meneja wa ghala katika Manitoba Co-operative Honey Producers Limited. Doneleyko alihudumu katika Bunge la Mkoa wa Manitoba kuanzia 1945 hadi 1949 akiwa mwanachama wa Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF). Alifukuzwa kutoka katika kundi la wabunge wa CCF kutokana na kupinga hadharani shughuli za NATO barani Ulaya. Mwaka 1945 pia aligombea bila mafanikio kiti cha Springfield katika uchaguzi wa Bunge la Shirikisho la Canada. Baada ya kuacha CCF, aligombea tena mwaka 1949 kama mgombea huru lakini akashindwa na Nicholas Stryk.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Genealogy/DisplayGenealogyImage?k=6be403f9-3f95-424b-b79e-91766776a39e|title=Untitled Document|work=royalbcmuseum.bc.ca|accessdate=2026-05-08|archive-date=2014-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407091004/http://search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Genealogy/DisplayGenealogyImage?k=6be403f9-3f95-424b-b79e-91766776a39e|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alifariki mwaka 1990 mjini Victoria akiwa na umri wa miaka 76, baada ya kusumbuliwa na magonjwa ikiwemo leukemia ya muda mrefu (CLL) na kushindwa kwa figo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/people/doneleyko_wg.shtml|title=Wilbert George Doneleyko (1913-1990)|publisher=Manitoba Historical Society|work=Memorable Manitobans}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1990]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1913]] [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Kanada]] i2oqgrninmknczh3u2bsr57nzzw4m1h Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh 0 232719 1543796 1538446 2026-05-15T15:11:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543796 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh Abdel Hady''' (alizaliwa 15 Oktoba 1951) ni daktari, mwanaharakati wa zamani wa wanafunzi na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Misri]]. Mwaka 2011–2012 aligombea urais wa [[Misri]] kama mgombea huru.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abdel-Moneim-Aboul-Fotouh](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abdel-Moneim-Aboul-Fotouh) |title=Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh |website=Encyclopaedia Britannica |access-date=8 Mei 2026}}</ref> Hapo awali alikuwa mmoja wa viongozi wa [[Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt|Muslim Brotherhood]] nchini Misri.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-12334495](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-12334495) |title=Profile: Abdel Moneim Aboul Fotouh |website=BBC News |access-date=8 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1951|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Misri]] ojgb2ki92vd5cdbvlr0elkj4gosl4ot Gigi Pritzker 0 232770 1543946 1538590 2026-05-15T21:04:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543946 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gigi Pritzker''' (Alizaliwa [[Julai 27]], [[1962]]) ni bilionea na [[mtayarishaji wa filamu]] nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye ni mwanafamilia wa [[familia ya Pritzker]].<ref name=ChicagoTribuneOwnLessThanHalf>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/2011/04/19/pritzker-family-could-soon-own-less-than-half-of-hyatt/ Chicago Tribune: "Pritzker family could soon own less than half of Hyatt" By Julie Wernau] April 19, 2011</ref>Pritzker ni mwanzilishi mwenza wa kampuni ya utayarishaji na ufadhili wa filamu ''Odd Lot Entertainment'', akitayarisha filamu kadhaa ikiwemo ''Rabbit Hole'', ''Drive'', na ''Hell or High Water''.<ref>[https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1988/04/25/70462/index.htm CNN Money: "The Pritzker Unveiling a Private Family" By Ford S. Worthy] {{Wayback|url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1988/04/25/70462/index.htm |date=20130328023515 }} April 25, 1988</ref>Pritzker pia alitayarisha kwa ajili ya televisheni, ikiwemo ''The Dragon Prince'', iliyoshinda [[Emmy]] ya [[2020]] kwa Mfululizo Bora wa Katuni kwa Watoto.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Milligan|first=Mercedes|date=2020-07-26|title=Daytime Emmy Awards: 'Dragon Prince,' 'Ask the Storybots' & 'Last Kids on Earth' Win Key Animation Categories for Netflix|url=https://www.animationmagazine.net/events/daytime-emmy-awards-dragon-prince-ask-the-storybots-last-kids-on-earth-win-key-animation-categories-for-netflix/|access-date=2020-07-30|website=Animation Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watayarishaji filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kwt72zh8xusp5iq0bbb4ym877a3jww7 David E. Shaw 0 232934 1543892 1538763 2026-05-15T19:01:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543892 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Elliot Shaw''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 29]], [[1951]]) ni [[mwanasayansi]] bilionea na meneja wa hazina ya uwekezaji wa zamani nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=David E. Shaw |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/david-shaw/ |website=Forbes |access-date=2026-05-08 |quote=The search results do not contain specific Wikipedia content for David E. Shaw, but his profile is listed in Forbes as a billionaire hedge fund manager and scientist.}}</ref> Alianzisha ''D. E. Shaw & Co.'', kampuni ya hazina ya uwekezaji ambayo mara moja ilielezewa na jarida la Fortune kama "nguvu ya kuvutia zaidi na ya kutatanisha kwenye Wall Street." Profesa msaidizi wa zamani katika idara ya sayansi ya kompyuta katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Columbia]], Shaw alipata utajiri wake kwa kuchunguza na kufaidika kutokana na mapungufu katika masoko ya kifedha kwa msaada wa mitandao ya kompyuta ya kisasa ya kasi ya juu<ref name="fortune">{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1996/02/05/207353/index.htm|title=Wall Street's King Quant David Shaw's Secret Formulas Pile Up Money. Now He Wants a Piece of the Net.|date=5 Feb 1996|last=Aley|first=James|work=Fortune|access-date=21 Aug 2009|archive-date=2019-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115075444/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1996/02/05/207353/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qn0gfzkqca3atckmiuy6gxm48lcz8x0 Walter Scott Jr. 0 232959 1543665 1538792 2026-05-15T12:04:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543665 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter Scott Jr.''' ([[Mei 21]], [[1931]] – [[Septemba 25]], [[2021]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea, [[mhandisi]] wa ujenzi, mfadhili, na afisa mkuu mtendaji wa [[Kiewit Corporation]] nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://old.openworld.gov/about/scott.php?lang=1|title=Mr. Walter Scott, Jr.|publisher=[[Open World Leadership Center]]|access-date=March 16, 2018|archive-date=2016-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220181841/http://old.openworld.gov/about/scott.php?lang=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wakati wa kifo chake, utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 4.2.<ref name=CSU>{{cite web|title=Walter Scott Jr, Biography|url=http://www.news.colostate.edu/download/engr2-bio.pdf|publisher=Colorado State University|access-date=April 15, 2011|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092833/http://www.news.colostate.edu/download/engr2-bio.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>Alizaliwa [[Omaha, Nebraska]], na aliongoza Kiewit Corporation kuanzia [[1979]] hadi [[1998]]<ref name=Forbes>{{cite web|title=Forbes profile: Walter Scott, Jr. |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/walter-scott-jr/ |website=Forbes |date=September 25, 2021 |access-date=September 26, 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wahandisi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1931]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] 0l6vytwz2p4k0pb9i2w53vvlc9s65mf Apachat 0 233464 1543846 1540204 2026-05-15T17:59:00Z CommonsDelinker 234 Removing [[:c:File:Apachatscreenshot.png|Apachatscreenshot.png]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Ziv|Ziv]] because: Copyright violation; see [[:c:Commons:Licensing|]] ([[:c:COM:CSD#F1|F1]]). 1543846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Maelezo mafupi|Jukwaa la mitandao ya kijamii}} [[Faili:Apachat.jpg|thumb|254x254px]] '''apachat''' ni jukwaa la [[mitandao ya kijamii]] linaloruhusu watumiaji kushiriki picha na video, kutazama video fupi, kutuma ujumbe wa muda halisi, na kuchapisha hadithi za saa 24. Jukwaa linapatikana kwenye vifaa vya [[kivinjari cha wavuti]], [[Android (mfumo endeshi)|Android]], na [[iOS]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apachat.com/about.html |title=About apachat |publisher=apachat |accessdate=2025}}</ref> ==Muhtasari== apachat ni [[huduma ya mitandao ya kijamii]] inayochanganya vipengele kutoka kwa majukwaa mengi ya mitandao ya kijamii katika programu moja. Watumiaji wanaweza kuunda wasifu, kufuata watumiaji wengine, kushiriki maudhui ya media titika, na kuingiliana kupitia maoni, vipendwa, na ujumbe wa moja kwa moja. Jukwaa hilo linajumuisha mfumo wa uchumaji mapato wa waundaji unaoruhusu waundaji wa maudhui kupata mapato kutokana na machapisho na reli zao.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apachat.com |title=apachat — Shiriki Nyakati, Unganisha na Tazama Reli |publisher=apachat |accessdate=2025}}</ref> ==Historia== Apachat ilitengenezwa na kuzinduliwa kama jukwaa huru la mitandao ya kijamii. Huduma hii inaendeshwa na kudumishwa na timu ndogo ya maendeleo iliyoko [[Kigali]], [[Rwanda]]. Jukwaa hili lilijengwa kwa kutumia teknolojia za kisasa za wavuti ikiwa ni pamoja na [[React (maktaba ya JavaScript)|React]], [[Node.js]], na PocketBase, huku hifadhi ya vyombo vya habari ikishughulikiwa kupitia [[Cloudinary]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.producthunt.com/products/apachat |title=apachat kwenye Product Hunt |publisher=Product Hunt |accessdate=2025}}</ref> ==Huduma== ===Machapisho=== Watumiaji wanaweza kushiriki picha na video kwenye mlisho wao wa wasifu. Machapisho yanaunga mkono manukuu, vipendwa, maoni, na alamisho. Watumiaji wengine wanaweza kuingiliana na machapisho kupitia mfumo wa ushiriki wa jukwaa. ===Reels=== apachat inajumuisha kipengele cha video cha umbo fupi kinachoitwa Reels, ambapo watumiaji wanaweza kupakia na kutazama video fupi za wima. Sehemu ya Reels ina mlisho usio na kikomo wa kusogeza sawa na majukwaa mengine ya video ya umbo fupi. ===Ujumbe=== Jukwaa hutoa [[ujumbe wa papo hapo|ujumbe wa moja kwa moja]] wa muda halisi kati ya watumiaji. Mfumo wa ujumbe huunga mkono ujumbe mfupi, kushiriki picha, ujumbe wa sauti, na kushiriki [[Graphics Interchange Format|GIF]] kwa kutumia API ya [[GIPHY]]. Ujumbe hutolewa kwa wakati halisi kwa kutumia miundombinu ya ujumbe wa Ably. ===Hadithi=== Watumiaji wanaweza kuchapisha hadithi za saa 24 ambazo hutoweka kiotomatiki baada ya muda wake kuisha. Hadithi huunga mkono picha, video, vibandiko, vichujio, na manukuu. ===Uchumaji wa Mapato kwa Muumba=== apachat inajumuisha mfumo wa uchumaji mapato unaoruhusu waundaji wa maudhui kupata mapato kulingana na ushiriki na maudhui yao. Waundaji wanaweza kutoa mapato yao kupitia mfumo wa uondoaji wa jukwaa unaoendeshwa na [[Stripe (kampuni)|Stripe]]. ===Beji Zilizothibitishwa=== Jukwaa linatoa mfumo wa uthibitishaji ambapo watumiaji mashuhuri, watu mashuhuri wa umma, biashara, na waundaji wanaweza kuomba beji iliyothibitishwa inayoonyeshwa kwenye wasifu wao. ===Notisi za Kushinikiza=== Apachat inasaidia [[notisi ya kushinikiza wavuti]], ikiruhusu watumiaji kupokea arifa za wakati halisi za vipendwa, maoni, wafuasi, ujumbe, na mwingiliano mwingine hata wakati hawatumii mfumo kikamilifu. ==Teknolojia== Apachat imejengwa kwa kutumia teknolojia zifuatazo: * '''Mbele:''' [[React (maktaba ya JavaScript)|React.js]] na [[Vite]], [[Tailwind CSS]] * '''Nyuma ya Nyuma:''' [[Node.js]] na [[Express.js|Express]], [[PHP]] * ​​'''Hifadhidata:''' [[MySQL]], PocketBase * '''Hifadhi ya Vyombo vya Habari:''' [[Cloudinary]] * '''Ujumbe wa Wakati Halisi:''' Ably * '''Malipo:''' [[Stripe (kampuni)|Stripe]] * '''Upangishaji:''' Hostinger ==Upatikanaji== Apachat inapatikana kwenye mifumo ifuatayo: * [[Kivinjari cha Wavuti]] katika https://apachat.com * [[Android (mfumo endeshi)|Android]] (Upakuaji wa APK) * [[iOS]] (kupitia [[Apache Cordova|Capacitor]]) ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://apachat.com Tovuti Rasmi] * [https://apachat.com/about.html Kuhusu apachat] * [https://apachat.com/privacy.html Sera ya Faragha] * [https://www.producthunt.com/products/apachat apachat kwenye Utafutaji wa Bidhaa] [[Jamii:mitandao ya kijamii]] ri5j9zwaugkcpjzqhbt172uwqo7wlvl 1543849 1543846 2026-05-15T18:01:23Z CommonsDelinker 234 Removing [[:c:File:Apachat.jpg|Apachat.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Ziv|Ziv]] because: [[:c:COM:FU|Fair use]] material is not permitted on Wikimedia Commons ([[:c:COM:CSD#F2|F2]]). 1543849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Maelezo mafupi|Jukwaa la mitandao ya kijamii}} '''apachat''' ni jukwaa la [[mitandao ya kijamii]] linaloruhusu watumiaji kushiriki picha na video, kutazama video fupi, kutuma ujumbe wa muda halisi, na kuchapisha hadithi za saa 24. Jukwaa linapatikana kwenye vifaa vya [[kivinjari cha wavuti]], [[Android (mfumo endeshi)|Android]], na [[iOS]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apachat.com/about.html |title=About apachat |publisher=apachat |accessdate=2025}}</ref> ==Muhtasari== apachat ni [[huduma ya mitandao ya kijamii]] inayochanganya vipengele kutoka kwa majukwaa mengi ya mitandao ya kijamii katika programu moja. Watumiaji wanaweza kuunda wasifu, kufuata watumiaji wengine, kushiriki maudhui ya media titika, na kuingiliana kupitia maoni, vipendwa, na ujumbe wa moja kwa moja. Jukwaa hilo linajumuisha mfumo wa uchumaji mapato wa waundaji unaoruhusu waundaji wa maudhui kupata mapato kutokana na machapisho na reli zao.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://apachat.com |title=apachat — Shiriki Nyakati, Unganisha na Tazama Reli |publisher=apachat |accessdate=2025}}</ref> ==Historia== Apachat ilitengenezwa na kuzinduliwa kama jukwaa huru la mitandao ya kijamii. Huduma hii inaendeshwa na kudumishwa na timu ndogo ya maendeleo iliyoko [[Kigali]], [[Rwanda]]. Jukwaa hili lilijengwa kwa kutumia teknolojia za kisasa za wavuti ikiwa ni pamoja na [[React (maktaba ya JavaScript)|React]], [[Node.js]], na PocketBase, huku hifadhi ya vyombo vya habari ikishughulikiwa kupitia [[Cloudinary]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.producthunt.com/products/apachat |title=apachat kwenye Product Hunt |publisher=Product Hunt |accessdate=2025}}</ref> ==Huduma== ===Machapisho=== Watumiaji wanaweza kushiriki picha na video kwenye mlisho wao wa wasifu. Machapisho yanaunga mkono manukuu, vipendwa, maoni, na alamisho. Watumiaji wengine wanaweza kuingiliana na machapisho kupitia mfumo wa ushiriki wa jukwaa. ===Reels=== apachat inajumuisha kipengele cha video cha umbo fupi kinachoitwa Reels, ambapo watumiaji wanaweza kupakia na kutazama video fupi za wima. Sehemu ya Reels ina mlisho usio na kikomo wa kusogeza sawa na majukwaa mengine ya video ya umbo fupi. ===Ujumbe=== Jukwaa hutoa [[ujumbe wa papo hapo|ujumbe wa moja kwa moja]] wa muda halisi kati ya watumiaji. Mfumo wa ujumbe huunga mkono ujumbe mfupi, kushiriki picha, ujumbe wa sauti, na kushiriki [[Graphics Interchange Format|GIF]] kwa kutumia API ya [[GIPHY]]. Ujumbe hutolewa kwa wakati halisi kwa kutumia miundombinu ya ujumbe wa Ably. ===Hadithi=== Watumiaji wanaweza kuchapisha hadithi za saa 24 ambazo hutoweka kiotomatiki baada ya muda wake kuisha. Hadithi huunga mkono picha, video, vibandiko, vichujio, na manukuu. ===Uchumaji wa Mapato kwa Muumba=== apachat inajumuisha mfumo wa uchumaji mapato unaoruhusu waundaji wa maudhui kupata mapato kulingana na ushiriki na maudhui yao. Waundaji wanaweza kutoa mapato yao kupitia mfumo wa uondoaji wa jukwaa unaoendeshwa na [[Stripe (kampuni)|Stripe]]. ===Beji Zilizothibitishwa=== Jukwaa linatoa mfumo wa uthibitishaji ambapo watumiaji mashuhuri, watu mashuhuri wa umma, biashara, na waundaji wanaweza kuomba beji iliyothibitishwa inayoonyeshwa kwenye wasifu wao. ===Notisi za Kushinikiza=== Apachat inasaidia [[notisi ya kushinikiza wavuti]], ikiruhusu watumiaji kupokea arifa za wakati halisi za vipendwa, maoni, wafuasi, ujumbe, na mwingiliano mwingine hata wakati hawatumii mfumo kikamilifu. ==Teknolojia== Apachat imejengwa kwa kutumia teknolojia zifuatazo: * '''Mbele:''' [[React (maktaba ya JavaScript)|React.js]] na [[Vite]], [[Tailwind CSS]] * '''Nyuma ya Nyuma:''' [[Node.js]] na [[Express.js|Express]], [[PHP]] * ​​'''Hifadhidata:''' [[MySQL]], PocketBase * '''Hifadhi ya Vyombo vya Habari:''' [[Cloudinary]] * '''Ujumbe wa Wakati Halisi:''' Ably * '''Malipo:''' [[Stripe (kampuni)|Stripe]] * '''Upangishaji:''' Hostinger ==Upatikanaji== Apachat inapatikana kwenye mifumo ifuatayo: * [[Kivinjari cha Wavuti]] katika https://apachat.com * [[Android (mfumo endeshi)|Android]] (Upakuaji wa APK) * [[iOS]] (kupitia [[Apache Cordova|Capacitor]]) ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://apachat.com Tovuti Rasmi] * [https://apachat.com/about.html Kuhusu apachat] * [https://apachat.com/privacy.html Sera ya Faragha] * [https://www.producthunt.com/products/apachat apachat kwenye Utafutaji wa Bidhaa] [[Jamii:mitandao ya kijamii]] llr59113sg640qiaoa15xwohm33xe5a Familia ya Walton 0 234117 1543926 1541426 2026-05-15T20:16:18Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543926 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Familia ya Walton''' ni [[familia]] tajiri nchini [[Marekani]] ambayo utajiri wao wa pamoja unatokana na [[Walmart]] ambao inawafanya kuwa familia tajiri ya pili duniani. [[Sam Walton]] alianzisha Walmart mwaka [[1962]], na familia bado inamiliki takribani asilimia 48 ya hisa za kampuni hiyo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Serwer |first=Andy |date=November 15, 2004 |title=THE WALTONS/ INSIDE AMERICA'S RICHEST FAMILY |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/11/15/8191093/index.htm |access-date=February 21, 2025 |website=CNN Money |archive-date=2022-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215135814/https://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/11/15/8191093/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] 18xwg89zl2fd4ylgc4hnp006tseg4rr Óscar Mingueza 0 234139 1543781 1541172 2026-05-15T14:32:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543781 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Óscar Mingueza García''' (alizaliwa [[13 Mei]], [[1999]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama [[beki]] katika klabu ya RC Celta de Vigo ya [[La Liga]] na timu ya taifa ya Hispania]]. Ingawa nafasi yake kuu ni beki wa kati, anaweza pia kucheza kama beki wa pembeni katika pande zote mbili, hasa kama beki wa kulia. ==Maisha ya klabu== ===Barcelona=== Mingueza alizaliwa mjini Santa Perpètua de Mogoda, katika [[mkoa]] wa [[Barcelona]], [[Catalonia]]. Alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya FC Barcelona, [[La Masia]], mwaka 2007 akitokea klabu ya Santa Perpètua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.grada3.com/2021/03/09/debut-ariadna-mingueza/|website=Grada3.com|date=March 9, 2021|access-date=October 8, 2021|title=Debut de Ariadna Mingueza en la Primera Iberdrola|trans-title=Ariadna Mingueza's debut in Primera Iberdrola|first=Eva|last=Castro|language=Spanish|archive-date=2023-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325111908/https://www.grada3.com/2021/03/09/debut-ariadna-mingueza/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fcbarcelona.com/en/news/1909470/oscar-mingueza-a-life-at-barca |title=Òscar Mingueza, a life at Barça|date=25 November 2020 |publisher=[[FC Barcelona]] |access-date=27 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefayouthleague/finals/|title=UEFA Youth League: all you need to know about Nyon 2018|publisher=[[UEFA]]|date=23 April 2018}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1999|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] t9ibpx6gef9gxqjk5m917ds7t9jdunh Abbie Shaba 0 234229 1543793 1541361 2026-05-15T15:04:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543793 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abbie Marambika Shaba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] aliyeteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Mipango ya Maendeleo na Ushirikiano katika baraza la mawaziri la Malawi mwezi Juni 2009. Abbie Shaba alizaliwa mwaka 1958. Alisoma katika University of Reading nchini [[Uingereza]], ambako alipata shahada ya uzamili katika Maendeleo ya Jamii Vijijini. Alifanya kazi kwa miaka mingi katika utumishi wa umma, hasa katika Wizara ya Jinsia, Vijana na Huduma za Jamii, hadi kufikia nafasi ya Mkurugenzi wa Mipango ya Jamii. Kati ya mwaka 2000 na 2004, alifanya kazi kama Meneja wa Programu wa Catholic Relief Services. Shaba alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa jimbo la Mzimba East mwezi Mei 2004 kupitia chama cha Republican Party. Tarehe 15 Juni 2007, kiongozi wa chama hicho bungeni, David Faiti, aliwasilisha ombi kwa Spika Louis Chimango la kutangaza kuwa viti vya Shaba na wabunge wengine wanane viko wazi. Sababu iliyotolewa ni kwamba wabunge hao walikuwa wamejiunga na chama cha Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) kwa kuhudhuria mikutano ya chama hicho na kukaa upande wa serikali bungeni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yahoo {{!}} Mail, Weather, Search, Politics, News, Finance, Sports & Videos|url=https://www.yahoo.com/|work=www.yahoo.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> Shaba alikuwa Naibu Kiongozi wa wabunge wa nyuma wa serikali kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2009. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>Alichaguliwa tena kuwa Mbunge wa Mzimba East mwezi Mei 2009. Tarehe 15 Juni 2009 aliteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Mipango ya Maendeleo na Ushirikiano, na aliendelea kushika nafasi hiyo katika baraza la mawaziri lililofanyiwa mabadiliko tarehe 9 Agosti 2010. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] rq4ffmdf5afbfgasj0phbfx95cmpns3 Aaron Sangala 0 234231 1543792 1541364 2026-05-15T15:02:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543792 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aaron Sangala''' (amezaliwa mwaka 1958) ni mwanasiasa aliyeteuliwa kuwa [[Waziri]] wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama wa Umma katika baraza la mawaziri la Malawi mwezi Mei 2009. Aaron Sangala ni mjukuu wa James Frederick Sangala, mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Nyasaland African Congress. Sangala alifanya kazi katika kampuni ya Lever Brothers kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1981. Pia alifanya kazi katika [[Ubalozi]] wa [[Ufaransa]] akifundisha lugha za kisasa katika Kituo cha Utamaduni cha Ufaransa, na katika shule ya sekondari ya St. Andrews akifundisha muziki. Yeye ni mmoja wa waanzilishi wa vikundi na taasisi mbalimbali za sanaa na utamaduni kama Sambangoma Cultural Troupe, Capital Theatre, Blantyre Round Table na Tiakalulu Guitar Quartet. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cabinet Profiles - June 2010|url=http://www.bestofmalawi.com/news/174/ARTICLE/1929/2010-06-09.html|work=www.bestofmalawi.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|author=DVL Writer|archive-date=2010-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101115064246/http://www.bestofmalawi.com/news/174/ARTICLE/1929/2010-06-09.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>Akiwa pamoja na Ricardo Garcia na Bashir Sacranie, alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa kundi la muziki la Kalulu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ricardo Garcia Flamenco guitarist - About Us|url=http://www.ricardogarciaguitarist.com/about_us|work=www.ricardogarciaguitarist.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en|archive-date=2011-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715181623/http://www.ricardogarciaguitarist.com/about_us|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 1w8xeb3szbwcfebohyhmnjkounoddd2 Aguinaldo Jaime 0 234357 1543804 1541549 2026-05-15T15:33:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543804 wikitext text/x-wiki Aguinaldo Jaime ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanauchumi mashuhuri nchini [[Angola]], ambaye amekuwa na nafasi kubwa katika kusimamia uchumi wa nchi hiyo katika vipindi tofauti vya mabadiliko.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MINFIN - Portal Ministério das Finanças de Angola|url=https://www.minfin.gov.ao/PortalMinfin/#!/sobre-o-minfin/galeria-dos-ministros-das-financas|work=www.minfin.gov.ao|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref>[http://www.minfin.gv.ao/docs/dspHistoria_B2.htm] {{Wayback|url=http://www.minfin.gv.ao/docs/dspHistoria_B2.htm |date=20110531155300 }} == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ivvnf2spwjwkdyybi9973me07zagu5y Albert Luque 0 234451 1543807 1541887 2026-05-15T15:55:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543807 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Luque Martos''' (amezaliwa [[11 Machi]], [[1978]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye alicheza kama winga wa kushoto au [[mshambuliaji]]. Kariya yake ya kitaalamu ya miaka 14 ilihusishwa zaidi na RCD Mallorca na Deportivo de La Coruña|Deportivo, na alikusanya jumla ya mechi 248 na mabao 61 katika [[La Liga]] ndani ya misimu 11. Pia alikuwa na vipindi vya kucheza katika Premier League ya Uingereza akiwa na Newcastle United F.C. na katika Eredivisie ya [[Uholanzi]] akiwa na AFC Ajax. Akiwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa [[Hispania]] katika nusu ya kwanza ya miaka ya 2000, Luque aliwakilisha taifa hilo katika Kombe la Dunia 2002 na UEFA Euro 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sefutbol.com/que-es-albert-luque|title=Qué es de... Albert Luque|trans-title=What of... Albert Luque|publisher=[[Royal Spanish Football Federation]]|language=es|date=14 July 2017|access-date=20 March 2020|archive-date=2020-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320005945/https://www.sefutbol.com/que-es-albert-luque|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.elespanol.com/deportes/futbol/20220501/albert-luque-canterano-barca-mallorca-derecha-rubiales/668213188_3.html|title=Qué fue de Albert Luque: el canterano del Barça que pasó por el Mallorca y es mano derecha de Rubiales|trans-title=What happened to Albert Luque: the Barça youth player who had a spell in Mallorca and is Rubiales' right-hand man|newspaper=[[El Español]]|last=Castañeda|first=Ángela|language=es|date=1 May 2022|access-date=3 November 2025}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1978|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] aqqrzqldf15co7y70tmk35vx13fdo87 Edward W. Stack 0 234520 1543911 1542083 2026-05-15T19:41:50Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edward W. Stack''' (alizaliwa [[1954]] au [[1955]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] bilionea nchini [[Marekani]]. Mwaka [[1984]], Stack alichukua nafasi kama mwenyekiti na afisa mkuu mtendaji (CEO) wa Dick's Sporting Goods, kampuni ya kuuza vifaa vya michezo iliyoanzishwa mwaka [[1948]] na baba yake, Richard "Dick" Stack. Mnamo Februari [[2021]], alifuatwa kama CEO na [[Lauren Hobart]]. Kufikia Januari [[2026]], utajiri wake ulikadiriwa kuwa dola bilioni 2.19. <ref name="Gunther">{{cite journal |last1=Gunther |first1=Marc |title=Retail's rising star |journal=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |date=April 27, 2010 |url=https://money.cnn.com/2010/04/20/news/companies/dicks_sporting_goods.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2010042709 |access-date=June 7, 2018 |issn=0015-8259 |archive-date=2010-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100713123901/http://money.cnn.com/2010/04/20/news/companies/dicks_sporting_goods.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2010042709 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Forbes">{{cite web |title=Forbes profile: Edward Stack |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/edward-stack/ |website=Forbes |access-date=9 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="Begley">{{cite magazine |last1=Begley |first1=Sarah |title=What to Know about Edward Stack, the CEO of Dick's Sporting Goods |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=February 28, 2018 |url=https://time.com/5179229/edward-stack-ceo-dicks-sporting-goods/ |access-date=June 7, 2018 |issn=0040-781X |oclc=1311479}}</ref><ref name="Lindeman">{{cite news |last1=Lindeman |first1=Teresa F. |title=Ed's way stacks up well for Dick's Sporting Goods |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/business/businessnews/2004/11/21/Ed-s-way-stacks-up-well-for-Dick-s-Sporting-Goods/stories/200411210231 |access-date=June 7, 2018 |work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |publisher=[[Block Communications]] |date=November 20, 2004 |issn=1068-624X}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fpsv0uuegbcbv8ozgekdcgz067ndga2 George Ntafu 0 234540 1543943 1542147 2026-05-15T20:56:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543943 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Nga Ntafu''' (1943, Likoma Island, Nyasaland – 20 Oktoba 2015, Blantyre) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Malawi]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Malawi kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 1997.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Foreign ministers L-R|url=http://rulers.org/fm3.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-13}}</ref> Pia alikuwa daktari bingwa wa upasuaji wa ubongo wa kwanza nchini Malawi. Baada ya maisha yake ya kisiasa, alirejea katika taaluma yake ya udaktari hadi kifo chake. Alikuwa ameoa Elvey Kalonga Ntafu na alikuwa na watoto wawili, Anke Ntafu Pagaja na Bentley Nga Ntafu. George Ntafu alifariki tarehe 20 Oktoba 2015 katika [[Hospitali]] ya Kibinafsi ya Mwaiwathu saa chache baada ya kupata ajali ya barabarani wakati gari alilokuwa akiendesha lilipogongana na lori katika mji wa biashara wa Blantyre nchini Malawi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Renowned neuro surgeon Ntafu dies {{!}} The Times Group|url=http://www.times.mw/renowned-neuro-surgeon-ntafu-dies/|work=www.times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816184955/https://times.mw/renowned-neuro-surgeon-ntafu-dies/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] puyhrz2xd89k53mecksarpuvr4vuozu Fraser Nkhoma Nihora 0 234553 1543938 1542142 2026-05-15T20:40:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543938 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fraser Nkhoma Nihora''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Fedha nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2009 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. Muhula wake ulianza tarehe 15 Juni 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi’s 43 member cabinet list as unveiled by President Mutharika {{!}} Malawi news|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2011-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210030117/http://www.nyasatimes.com/politics/43-member-full-cabinet-list-as-unveiled-by-bingu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] 0dytgqsa94f186szif3d2bm0jr1r49w Frank Tumpale Mwenifumbo 0 234594 1543937 1542613 2026-05-15T20:39:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543937 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Tumpale''' Mwenifumbo ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa [[Malawi]]. Alikuwa Naibu [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Afya nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi Juni 2004.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2005-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412185912/http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] j1kmiph3no7w2r4wjg51t99tznig5lq Yusuf Mwawa 0 234598 1543740 1542343 2026-05-15T14:03:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543740 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yusuf Mwawa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mwalimu wa Malawi. Alikuwa [[Waziri]] wa zamani wa Elimu na Rasilimali Watu nchini Malawi baada ya kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2004 na rais wa zamani wa Malawi, Bakili Muluzi. Muhula wake ulianza mwezi [[Juni]] 2004.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Office of The President and Cabinet-cabinet Appointments|url=http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|work=www.malawi.gov.mw|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2005-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050412185912/http://www.malawi.gov.mw/CabinetAppointments.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] rljz6dw47pywzap757296ia99khlvch Chimango Mughogho 0 234622 1543872 1542264 2026-05-15T18:27:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543872 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chimango Chimpimpha Mughogho-Gondwe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Malawi ambaye kwa sasa anahudumu kama Naibu [[Waziri]] wa Serikali za Mitaa na Maendeleo ya Vijijini. Pia aliwahi kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Watu wenye Ulemavu na Wazee. Hapo awali, alikuwa [[Mbunge]] wa jimbo la Chitipa South Constituency.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi: Minimum age for marriage at 16 {{!}} Radio Netherlands Worldwide|url=http://www.rnw.nl/africa/article/malawi-minimum-age-marriage-16|work=www.rnw.nl|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-rnw|archive-date=2012-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017204950/http://www.rnw.nl/africa/article/malawi-minimum-age-marriage-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://mwnation.com/|work=Nation Online|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=en-US}}</ref> Katika mchakato wa [[uchaguzi]] wa 2014, alishindwa kwenye kura za mchujo za chama cha People's Party, kisha akagombea kama mgombea huru lakini hakufanikiwa kushinda kiti cha ubunge.<ref>{{Citation|title=Ex-minister regrets joining Peoples Party|date=2014-04-09|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/04/09/ex-minister-regrets-joining-peoples-party/comment-page-5/|work=Malawi Nyasa Times - Malawi breaking news in Malawi|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-13|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060128/http://www.nyasatimes.com/2014/04/09/ex-minister-regrets-joining-peoples-party/comment-page-5/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Malawi]] exj6s9sewiqht9i8x1kowxhwtpx0k2q Davi Banda 0 234710 1543891 1542585 2026-05-15T19:01:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543891 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Davi Banda''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1973 mjini Zomba) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa Malawi ambaye mara ya mwisho aliichezea Kamuzu Barracks FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Banda alianza kucheza mpira katika mji wake wa nyumbani akiwa na [[klabu]] ya Zomba United. Baada ya miaka minne, alihamia kwa wapinzani wa mji huo, Red Lions, mwaka 2007. Baadaye mwaka 2015 alijiunga na Kamuzu Barracks FC. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Kiungo huyo alikuwa mwanachama wa timu ya taifa ya [[Malawi]] na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010. Tarehe 11 Januari 2010 alifunga bao lake la kwanza kwa timu ya taifa dhidi ya Algeria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Drogba & Co. treffen das Tor nicht|url=https://www.kicker.de/drogba-26-co-treffen-das-tor-nicht-519485/artikel|work=kicker|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=de-DE}}</ref> Aliichezea Malawi mara 17 katika mechi za kimataifa, huku mechi 6 zikihesabiwa rasmi na FIFA.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=FIFA.com - FIFA Spielerstatistik Davi BANDA|url=http://de.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=298521/index.html|work=de.fifa.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=de|author=FIFA.com|archive-date=2009-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090704023241/http://de.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=298521/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0b7j97g5ls5c8hj4wd78t3moy1cecpq Jackson T. Stephens 0 234711 1543984 1542442 2026-05-15T22:28:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543984 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jackson Thomas Stephens Sr.''' ([[Agosti 9]], [[1923]] – [[Julai 23]], [[2005]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] wa mafuta na mwekezaji wa benki ya uwekezaji nchini [[Marekani]]. Alikuwa afisa mkuu mtendaji wa [[Stephens Inc.]] yenye makao yake [[Little Rock, Arkansas]], kampuni ya huduma za kifedha inayomilikiwa na watu binafsi. Pia alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Augusta National Golf Club kuanzia [[1991]] hadi [[1998]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/28/business/28stephens.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Jackson T. Stephens, 81, Financier, Dies], Associated Press, July 28, 2005</ref><ref name="byrd">Dennis A. Byrd, [http://www.greenwooddemocrat.com/articles/2005/07/27/news/news01.txt Financier, philanthropist Jackson T. Stephens, 81, dies] {{Wayback|url=http://www.greenwooddemocrat.com/articles/2005/07/27/news/news01.txt |date=20181116091711 }}, ''Greenwood Democrat'' Tuesday, July 26, 2005</ref><ref name="mojo">[https://www.motherjones.com/news/special_reports/2004/04/stephens.html Profile: Jackson T. Stephens (with Mary Anne)]</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1923]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2005]] 4qbxbg5d1zdaydcfmj80zn3m5b06hc1 Anamaria Gavrilă 0 234732 1543814 1542475 2026-05-15T16:31:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543814 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anamaria Gavrilă''' (alizaliwa 15 Oktoba 1983) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanzilishi wa chama cha [[Party of Young People]] (POT). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa Hunedoara.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&leg=2020&cam=2|title=Anamaria Gavrilă|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=ro|accessdate=2026-05-14|archive-date=2024-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806134500/https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&cam=2&leg=2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&leg=2020 Wasifu katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Gavrila, Anamaria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] emtwlbzm4mzf8km5eq8a6b9v9ii4kmr Alexandra Sidorovici 0 234817 1543809 1542569 2026-05-15T16:05:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543809 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexandra Sidorovici''' (6 Julai 1906 – 25 Agosti 2000) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanachama mashuhuri wa tabaka la uongozi wa kikomunisti ([[Nomenklatura]]). Alikuwa miongoni mwa kundi la kwanza la wanawake kuchaguliwa katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu mwaka 1946. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.iiccr.ro/ Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Jinai za Kikomunisti Romania] {{Wayback|url=https://www.iiccr.ro/ |date=20190827035529 }} (IICCMER) - Ina maelezo zaidi kuhusu jukumu lake katika mahakama za wananchi. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1906|2000|Sidorovici, Alexandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] pr87z9ivncchpmm1r9vh09arj9sfezy Yogera 0 234838 1543733 1542844 2026-05-15T13:47:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yogera''' ni filamu ya kuigiza ya nchini [[Uganda]] kuhusu mwanamke kijana ambaye ni kiziwi (Cleopatra Koheirwe), akizurura mitaani jijini [[Kampala]] akitokea kijijini kwao Ishaka baada ya dada yake pacha kumtupa nje kwa kumtia aibu.<ref>{{Citation|last=Apenyo|first=Mildred|title=Movie: Yogera - Vision Group Archives|url=http://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/collections/114-alive/14684-movie-yogera|access-date=2026-05-14|archive-date=2017-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819191509/http://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/collections/114-alive/14684-movie-yogera|url-status=dead}}</ref> Filamu hiyo iliongozwa na Donald Mugisha na kuonyeshwa kwa mara ya kwanza jijini Kampala mnamo tarehe 22 Juni 2010. == Muhtasari == Baada ya kifo cha mama yake, mwanamke huyo kiziwi anakimbia kutoka nyumbani kwao kijijini kwenda kumtembelea dada yake anayesikia mjini, lakini anaepukwa naye na analazimika kuvumilia hali ngumu peke yake mitaani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yogera {{!}} African Film|url=http://africa-archive.com/ug/yogera|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Cultures-Uganda {{!}} Portal to cultural diversity|url=https://www.spla.pro/pays.uganda.227.html|work=Spla|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref> == Waigizaji == Waigizaji wa Yogera waliongozwa na [[Cleopatra Koheirwe]] ambaye aliigiza nyusika mbili katika filamu hiyo kama Hope, mwanamke kijana ambaye ni kiziwi na mhusika mkuu wa filamu hiyo na pia kama G.G, dada yake pacha anayesikia ambaye anamkataa Hope kwa sababu ya kumfedhehesha. Waigizaji wengine wote wametengenezwa na watu mashuhuri. * Cleopatra Koheirwe kama Hope/G.G * Mark Bugembe * Bobi Wine * Hellen Lukoma * Olot Bonny == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Filamu za 2010]] [[Jamii:Filamu za Uganda]] [[Jamii:Filamu kwa lugha ya Kiingereza]] ek74qffe3pw8l8fcf0zp1ubb1wlaygl Daniel Tawéma 0 234863 1543890 1543095 2026-05-15T18:58:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543890 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Didier Tonato''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mbunifu majengo wa [[Benin]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mfumo wa Maisha na Maendeleo Endelevu nchini Benin chini ya Rais Patrice Talon. Pia amehusika katika miradi mbalimbali ya maendeleo ya mijini, upangaji wa miji na uboreshaji wa miundombinu nchini Benin.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Benin, presse africaine 1998|url=http://afriquepluriel.ruwenzori.net/benin5.htm|work=afriquepluriel.ruwenzori.net|accessdate=2026-05-14|archive-date=2007-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070620190027/http://afriquepluriel.ruwenzori.net/benin5.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} n9jt3yyzvg1e3x4gyp7hio5p2bzfts0 Ganiou Soglo 0 234875 1543941 1543112 2026-05-15T20:49:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ganiou Soglo''' (amezaliwa 4 Novemba 1962) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Benin]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Benin Rebirth Party (RB). Aliwahi kuhudumu serikalini kama Waziri wa Utamaduni, Ujifunzaji wa Kusoma na Kuandika, na Uendelezaji wa Lugha za Kitaifa. Ni mtoto wa Rais wa zamani wa Benin Nicéphore Soglo na Rosine Vieyra Soglo, na pia ni ndugu wa Léhady Vinagnon Soglo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Elections in Benin|url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/bj.html|work=africanelections.tripod.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|archive-date=2021-06-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627183714/https://africanelections.tripod.com/bj.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] t9dyi652t759ww516u7a6i0cvypmlzb Jane Asiimwe Muhindo 0 234883 1543985 1543140 2026-05-15T22:32:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Jane Asiimwe Muhindo|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=1988|uraia=Uganda|kazi yake=Mwanasiasa na Mtumishi wa Umma}} '''Jane Asiimwe Muhindo''' ni mwanasiasa na mfanyakazi wa umma wa Uganda ambaye, mnamo Agosti 2024, aliteuliwa kama Kamishna wa Jiji la Mkaaji (RCC) wa [[Kampala]], [[mji mkuu]] wa Uganda. Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa Kamishna wa Wilaya wa Mkaaji (RDC) kwa wilaya ya Rwampara, katika mkoa wa Ankole. Alichukua nafasi ya Amina Lukanga, ambaye alihamishwa kwenda wilaya ya Mbarara, katika jukumu hilohilo. <ref name="1R">{{Rejea tovuti|work=Nile Post Uganda|date=19 August 2024|url=https://www.nilepost.co.ug/top-stories/212414/museveni-reshuffles-rdcs|title=Museveni reshuffles RDCs|author=Kenneth Kazibwe|accessdate=22 August 2024}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na elimu== Jane Asiimwe Muhindo alizaliwa katika Wilaya ya Kasese, katika Mkoa wa Magharibi mwa Uganda karibu: mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980. Ni binti wa marehemu Sowedi Bwambale na Dorothy Kabugho.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jane Muhindo: A small package from Kasese ready to lift Kampala's weight|url=https://nilepost.co.ug/features/213213/jane-muhindo-a-small-package-from-kasese-ready-to-lift-kampalas-weight|work=Nilepost News|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Alex Mugasha}}</ref> Alisoma Shule ya Msingi ya Reli, Kasese, akifuatiwa na Shule ya Ufundi ya Celak, Kasese, ambapo alimaliza elimu yake ya shule ya kati. Alisomea na kupata Stashahada yake ya Shule ya Upili kutoka Shule ya Upili ya Kasese<ref name=":0">{{Citation|title=HERE’S ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT JANE MUHINDO: THE FORMER KASESE SPEAKER M7 HAS MADE K’LA RCC|date=2024-08-21|url=https://mulengeranews.com/heres-all-you-need-to-know-about-jane-muhindo-the-former-kasese-speaker-m7-has-made-kla-rcc/|work=mulengeranews.com|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-14|archive-date=2024-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822153326/https://mulengeranews.com/heres-all-you-need-to-know-about-jane-muhindo-the-former-kasese-speaker-m7-has-made-kla-rcc/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo 2011, alihitimu Shahada ya Kwanza kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Martyrs cha Uganda huko Nkozi, Wilaya ya Mpigi. Mnamo 2018, alichukua kozi fupi ya Utawala wa Umma na Utekelezaji wa Sera katika Chuo Kikuu cha Makerere, Mwaka uliofuata, alikamilisha mafunzo ya Uongozi na Utawala katika Taasisi ya Kitaifa ya Uongozi Kyankwanzi, katika Wilaya ya Kyankwanzi.<ref name=":0" /> ==Kazi== Mnamo 2011, Muhindo alichaguliwa kuwa diwani wa vijana katika Halmashauri ya Wilaya ya Kasese, kuhudumu katika wadhifa huo hadi 2016. Pia alihudumu kama naibu spika wa Halmashauri ya Wilaya ya Kasese, kati ya 2014 na 2018.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> Kisha akateuliwa kuwa Kamishna Mkazi wa Wilaya ya Bunyangabu, akihudumu katika wadhifa huo hadi 2021. Alihamishiwa Wilaya ya Bushenyi, na baadaye Wilaya ya Rwampara, katika nafasi hiyo hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Buanyangabu Resident District Commissioner, Ms Jane Asiimwe on displaced people.|url=https://kaseseguideradio.com/the-buanyangabu-resident-district-commissioner-ms-jane-asiimwe-muhindo-has-said-it-was-early-for-the-internally-displaced-people-to-think-of-the-government-decision-over-their-fate/|work=Kasese Guide Radio|date=2020-05-19|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US|author=News Editor}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Business: Don't fight over Emyooga money, Bushenyi RDC cautions|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/business/dont-fight-over-emyooga-money-bushenyi-rdc-ca-NV_101209_052026|work=New Vision|date=2021-05-06|accessdate=2026-05-14|author=NewVision Reporter}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 19 Agosti 2024, mkuu wa nchi wa Uganda katika mabadiliko ya RDCs zake alimteua Muhindo kama Kamishna Mkazi mpya wa Jiji wa Kampala, kuanzia siku hiyo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Jane Asiimwe Muhindo appointed as the Resident City Commissioner for Kampala City - Messiah Radio|url=https://messiahradio.co.ug/jane-asiimwe-muhindo-appointed-as-the-resident-city-commissioner-for-kampala-city/|work=Messiah Radio -|date=2024-08-19|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US|author=Admin}}</ref> ==Maelezo mengine== Kuongezeka kwa kasi kwa Muhindo katika nafasi za makamishna wakazi nchini kunaweza kuhusishwa na kujitolea kwake na bidii katika kazi zake. Katika Wilaya ya Bunyangabo, anaripotiwa kutekeleza kwa makini taratibu za kawaida za uendeshaji (SOPs) zilizowekwa ili kudhibiti janga la COVID-19. Katika Wilaya ya Bushenyi, alikuwa mtetezi mkuu wa elimu ya msingi kwa wote (UPE). Katika Wilaya ya Rwampara, alikuwa mshiriki mkubwa katika kutatua migogoro ya ardhi na kuhakikisha kwamba pesa zililenga programu za kijamii za serikali; Mfano wa Maendeleo ya Emyooga na Parokia (PDM) huwafikia walengwa waliokusudiwa na hauibiwi na watendaji wa kisiasa.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} {{BD|1988|}} [[Jamii:wanasiasa wa Uganda]] ehztgoe7ce9ibym1cii0zse405o5smw Houcine Abassi 0 234962 1543969 1543131 2026-05-15T22:01:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Houcine Abassi''' (Kiarabu: حسين العباسي; amezaliwa 19 Agosti 1947) ni kiongozi wa vyama vya wafanyakazi kutoka [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisie: Biographie de Houssine Abassi, nouveau secrétaire général de l’UGTT|url=http://www.espacemanager.com/politique/tunisie-biographie-de-houssine-abassi-nouveau-secretaire-general-de-lugtt.html|work=www.espacemanager.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr-fr|archive-date=2014-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319145910/http://www.espacemanager.com/politique/tunisie-biographie-de-houssine-abassi-nouveau-secretaire-general-de-lugtt.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cbe826odqb6mka2iuy0xladn9r67q8u Ali II ibn Hussein 0 235047 1543810 1543044 2026-05-15T16:06:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543810 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali II ibn Hussein''' (Kiarabu: علي الثاني بن حسين), anayejulikana pia kama Ali II Bey (Kiarabu: علي باي الثاني; 24 Novemba 1712 – 26 Mei 1782)[1] au Ali Pacha Bey II[2], alikuwa kiongozi wa nne wa nasaba ya Husainid dynasty na mtawala wa [[Tunisia]] kuanzia mwaka 1759 hadi alipofariki mwaka 1782. Alikuwa mtoto wa Al-Husayn I ibn Ali. Baada ya kifo chake, alifuatwa kwa zamu na wanawe Hammuda ibn Ali na Uthman ibn Ali.<ref>{{Cite web|title=cartes-affiches.com : portrait des beys de tunisie|url=http://www.cartes-affiches.com/potraits_des_Beys_de_Tunisie.htm|work=www.cartes-affiches.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|author=Rafet Bey|archive-date=2007-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070602165153/http://www.cartes-affiches.com/potraits_des_Beys_de_Tunisie.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1712]] ati9w4ge35x71ld6zyu8l2h0h9k0dxp Hédi Baccouche 0 235057 1543971 1543057 2026-05-15T22:03:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hédi Baccouche''' (Kiarabu: الهادي البكوش; 15 Januari 1930 – 21 Januari 2020)[1][2] alikuwa Waziri Mkuu wa [[Tunisia]] kuanzia 7 Novemba 1987 hadi 27 Septemba 1989.[3] Baccouche aliongoza chama cha Socialist Destourian Party hadi kilipojibadilisha jina na kuwa Constitutional Democratic Rally mwaka 1988. Alizaliwa katika Hammam Sousse.<ref>{{Citation|last=Presse|first=La|title=L’ancien Premier ministre Hédi Baccouche n’est plus {{!}} La Presse de Tunisie|date=2020-01-21|url=https://lapresse.tn/45206/lancien-premier-ministre-hedi-baccouche-nest-plus/|work=La Presse de Tunisie|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-14|archive-date=2020-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122151557/https://lapresse.tn/45206/lancien-premier-ministre-hedi-baccouche-nest-plus/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] pxikv2r2y25wnp5re73s8k378c28j04 Abderraouf El Basti 0 235074 1543799 1543085 2026-05-15T15:13:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543799 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abderraouf El Basti''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Utamaduni na Ulinzi wa Urithi wa Taifa nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] swj7ytq1rsv9ryjoj330yda9qxxwltn Abdelaziz Ben Dhia 0 235103 1543797 1543130 2026-05-15T15:11:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543797 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdelaziz Ben Dhia''' (19 Desemba 1936, Moknine – 23 Februari 2015) aliwahi kuwa Mshauri Maalum wa Rais na Msemaji wa Jamhuri ya [[Tunisia]] chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1][2] Baada ya Tunisian Revolution ya mwaka 2010–2011, aliwekwa chini ya kifungo cha nyumbani.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1935]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] hu52476zubg4oly5ith0vybrx560a1i Hatem Ben Salem 0 235113 1543956 1543623 2026-05-15T21:36:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543956 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Hatem Ben Salem''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Elimu chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] skb6zdhr10f0jg4e81lb2d016kwsppq Elvis Kafoteka 0 235115 1543915 1543603 2026-05-15T19:51:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543915 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elvis Bryson Kafoteka''' (alizaliwa 17 Januari 1978 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi ambaye alistaafu kucheza [[soka]] mwaka 2014.<ref>{{Citation|title=Elvis Kafoteka retires from active football {{!}} The Nation Online|date=2014-03-06|url=https://mwnation.com/elvis-kafoteka-retires-from-active-football/|work=The Nation Online|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Kazi == Kafoteka alianza maisha yake ya soka katika klabu ya CIVO United. Mnamo Januari 2008 alisaini na klabu ya Hong Kong Rangers FC.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=香港足球總會|url=https://www2.hkfa.com/en/player_view.php?player_id=7882|work=www2.hkfa.com|accessdate=2026-05-14|archive-date=2023-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411164010/https://www2.hkfa.com/en/player_view.php?player_id=7882|url-status=dead}}</ref> Baada ya nusu mwaka na kuichezea klabu hiyo, alirejea Malawi na kujiunga na Super ESCOM, ambako alicheza kwa miaka miwili. Mwaka 2010 alihamia Rwanda na kusaini na klabu ya APR FC. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Alikuwa mwanachama wa timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi na anachukuliwa kama mmoja wa mabeki wa kulia bora kuwahi kutokea nchini Malawi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] ji845vbe837ggq14z4gttlnjmvu7yec Florence Nkalubo 0 235123 1543930 1543615 2026-05-15T20:33:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Florence Bagunywa Nkalubo|honorific_prefix=Owek.|watoto=3|uraia=Uganda|cheo=Waziri wa zamani wa Vijana na Ajira (Ufalme wa Buganda)|kazi yake=Mwanasiasa, mwalimu na mhamasishaji wa michezo|anajulikana kwa ajili ya=Kukuza na kuhamasisha michezo ya wanawake na vijana nchini Uganda|kazi maarufu=Kombe la Mwisho wa Mwaka la Nkalubo, Mpango wa Soka la Wasichana wa Kampala|chama=Democratic Party (Uganda)|wazazi=Arthur Bagunywa Nkalubo Kateregga}} '''Florence Nkalubo''' (pia anajulikana kama '''Owek Florence Bagunywa Nkalubo''') ni [[mwalimu]], mwanasiasa na mtetezi na mhamasishaji wa [[michezo]] wa Uganda. Anajulikana kwa juhudi zake katika kuhamasisha michezo kati ya wanawake na vijana nchini Uganda.<ref name=":0" /> ==Maisha binafsi== Ni mama wa watoto watatu.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Football is in her veins|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/football-is-in-her-veins-1487604|work=Monitor|date=2021-01-07|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref> Baba yake Florence alikuwa Arthur Bagunywa Nkalubo Kateregga ambaye alikuwa waziri wa zamani wa Ufalme wa Buganda. Baba huyo alifariki akiwa na umri wa miaka 91 kulingana na wanafamilia wake katika Hospitali ya Platinum.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ex-Buganda minister dies aged 91|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-14|author=Vision Reporter}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ==Historia ya kazi== Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Vijana na Ajira katika Ufalme wa Buganda kwa miaka 10.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Buganda Kingdom Official Decries Bad Conditions For Jailed Riot Suspects :|url=https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/buganda-kingdom-official-decries-bad-conditions-for-jailed-riot-suspects|work=Uganda Radionetwork|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=allAfrica.com: Uganda: Teach Luganda in Schools - Mengo (Page 1 of 1)|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200710311115.html|work=allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> Pia ni bingwa wa soka kwa wanawake jambo ambalo limewatia moyo wasichana wengi zaidi kuzingatia michezo kama taaluma nchini Uganda.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Florence Bagunywa Nkalubo deliberates|url=https://fufa.co.ug/pictorial-96th-fufa-ordinary-assembly-hosted-by-kampala-region/florence-bagunywa-nkalubo-deliberates/|work=FUFA: Federation of Uganda Football Associations|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US}}</ref> Alihudumu kama Makamu wa Rais wa Shirikisho la Vyama vya Soka vya Uganda (FUFA) na alikuwa akiwawakilisha wanawake kwa muda huku mmoja wa wanawake wawili akiwasilisha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Florence Bagunwa Nkalubo|url=https://fufa.co.ug/pictorial-95th-fufa-ordinary-assembly-multi-purpose-hall-adjumani/florence-bagunwa-nkalubo/|work=FUFA: Federation of Uganda Football Associations|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kabugo, Kiwanuka voted as Uganda Youth Football Delegates {{!}} FUFA Elections 2021|url=https://kawowo.com/2021/05/08/kabugo-kiwanuka-voted-as-uganda-youth-football-delegates-fufa-elections-2021/|work=Kawowo Sports|date=2021-05-08|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US|author=David Isabirye}}</ref> Hata hivyo, alijiunga na FUFA kama mweka hazina. Akiwa mjumbe wa FUFA, alifadhili programu nyingi za FIFA kama vile mpira wa miguu wa Shule ya Msingi ya Wasichana ya Kampala Distriusherdct ambao ulianzishwa na shule 60 na baadaye kupanuliwa. Alianza kujihusisha na michezo alipokuwa msichana mdogo ambapo angecheza kama vile kuruka juu, tenisi ya mezani, tenisi ya nyasi, na hoki. Alipokuwa katika Chuo cha Ualimu cha Nkozi, alifunzwa katika mbio za discus, short put na mbio za masafa marefu. Pia alishinda mataji kadhaa. Nkalubo aligombea nafasi ya Baraza la Mitaa nambari 5 kama diwani mwanamke wa Rubaga Kaskazini mwaka 1997 wakati LCs walikuwa wameingia tu na kushinda na ilikuwa wakati wa huduma yake ndipo alipoanzisha mashindano yaliyoitwa Kombe la Mwisho wa Mwaka la Nkalubo<ref name=":0" />. Pia aliwahi kuwa rais wa UWFA. Alikuwa mgombea wa Ubunge wa Lubaga Kaskazini chini ya Chama cha Democratic.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=IN BRIEF|url=https://www.newvision.co.ugnull/|work=New Vision|accessdate=2026-05-14|author=Vision Reporter}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=allAfrica.com: Uganda: Lubaga Candidate Pledges to Address Teachers' Pay|url=http://allafrica.com:80/stories/200601250965.html|work=allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> Alikuwa katibu wa elimu wa jiji la Lubaga Kaskazini. Alihudumu kama Baraza la Chuo Kikuu cha Kimataifa cha Kampala.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=University Council :: Kampala University|url=https://ku.ac.ug/university-council.php|work=ku.ac.ug|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US|author=Kampala University|archive-date=2024-10-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241005021712/https://ku.ac.ug/university-council.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] auux1om3wfl4vxg5b0emu9e1ifdg1o8 Pia Marais 0 235124 1543685 1543550 2026-05-15T12:36:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 6 template(s) replaced. 1543685 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Pia Marais 2007.jpg|thumb|Pia Marais]] '''Pia Marais''' (alizaliwa [[1971]]) ni mtengenezaji wa filamu kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] anayeishi [[Ujerumani]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Profiles at Bard College Berlin|url=https://berlin.bard.edu/people/profiles/?id=3286053&prefurl=pia-marais|work=berlin.bard.edu|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Bard College Berlin}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Pia Marais alizaliwa [[Johannesburg]] kwa mama Mswidi na baba Mwafrika Kusini. Alikuwa akiishi Afrika Kusini, [[Uswidi]], na [[Hispania|Uhispania]] akiwa mtoto.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Pia Marais - KHM|url=https://en.khm.de/lehrende/id.20971.pia-marais/|work=en.khm.de|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref> Marais alisoma uchongaji na upigaji picha huko [[London]] na [[Amsterdam]] pamoja na katika Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. Aliendelea kusomea utengenezaji wa filamu katika Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin.<ref name=":1" /> == Kazi == Marais aliongoza filamu nne fupi mwanzoni mwa kazi yake ambazo ni ''Loop'' (1996), ''Deranged'' (1998), ''Tricky People'' (1999), na ''17'' (2003). Katika kipindi hiki, pia alifanya kazi kama mkurugenzi wa uigizaji na msimamizi wa hati.<ref name=":0" /> Filamu ya kwanza ya Marais ya ''Unpolished'', yenye mambo ya wasifu wake, iliyonyeshwa katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Rotterdam la [[2007]], ambapo ilishinda Tuzo la Tiger.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Unpolished|url=https://www.filmgalerie451.de/en/films/the-unpolished|work=Filmgalerie 451|date=2020-02-06|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en|author=Anna Bitter}}</ref> Filamu yake ya mwaka 2010'', At Ellen's Age'', ilimshirikisha Jeanne Balibar kama mwanamke anayezurura ulimwenguni baada ya kuachana na maisha yake ya zamani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Pia Marais • Director|url=https://cineuropa.org/en/interview/208197/|work=Cineuropa - the best of european cinema|date=2011-08-17|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=At Ellen's Age (Im Alter von Ellen)|url=https://cineuropa.org/en/film/143030/|work=Cineuropa - the best of european cinema|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref> Filamu hiyo ilianza kuonyeshwa katika mashindano ya Tamasha la Filamu la Locarno mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Locarno Film Festival · Pia Marais|url=https://www.locarnofestival.ch/festival/program/person.html?pid=f2f61bc1-e35c-48ff-a5e0-1a0649bd935a&eid=|work=Locarno Film Festival|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en-US}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2017]], Marais alikua profesa katika Chuo cha Sanaa za Vyombo vya Habari Cologne.<ref name=":1" /> Alikuwa mmoja wa wakurugenzi 45 kutoka kote Ulaya waliochangia katika filamu ya hali halisi ya televisheni ya mwaka [[2019]], ''24h Europe - The Next Generation''. == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] [[Jamii:Watengenezaji filamu wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] n0bugrdut914ge3gtjx0akd52jovr3r Ocular albinism late onset sensorineural deafness 0 235126 1543679 1543215 2026-05-15T12:26:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543679 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ocular albinism with late-onset sensorineural deafness (OASD)''' ni [[ugonjwa]] adimu unaorithiwa na unaohusishwa na [[kromosomu X]], unaojulikana kwa mchanganyiko wa matatizo makubwa ya kuona na kupungua kwa uwezo wa kusikia. Watu wenye hali hii mara nyingi huwa na ulemavu mkubwa wa kuona, kupungua kwa rangi ya retina, iris zenye rangi ya bluu iliyopauka, pamoja na upotevu wa kusikia unaoanza katika ujana au kufikia umri wa kati. Ocular albinism (OA) ni kundi la hali zinazohusiana, ambapo aina ya Ocular albinism type 1 (OA1) ndiyo ya kawaida zaidi. OA1 huathiri takribani mwanaume 1 kati ya 60,000 na ndiyo msingi wa aina nyingi za ualbino wa macho.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea jarida |last1=Tak |first1=Woo-Jung |last2=Kim |first2=Myeung-Nam |last3=Hong |first3=Chang-Kwan |last4=Ro |first4=Byung-In |last5=Song |first5=Kye-Yong |last6=Seo |first6=Seong-Jun |date=2004-04-06 |title=Ocular albinism with sensorineural deafness |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.01857.x |journal=International Journal of Dermatology |language=en |volume=43 |issue=4 |pages=290–292 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.01857.x |issn=1365-4632 |pmid=15090016 |s2cid=20896195 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu}} [[Jamii: Tiba]] [[Jamii:Wiki for Minorities in Tanzania]] gbfwvnt0y6ogite093i58k8u1gn2hcj Laïla Abdou Tadjiri 0 235128 1544038 1543646 2026-05-16T01:12:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544038 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laïla Abdou Tadjiri''' ni mtengenezaji wa filamu na mwanamitindo kutoka [[Komori]]. Tadjiri alitengeneza filamu yake ya kwanza, ''L’illusion'', mwaka [[2014]] kwa kutumia simu janja na ikaendelea kushinda tuzo ya nafasi ya tatu katika Tamasha la Filamu la Mfukoni mwaka huo.<ref name=":0">https://alwatwan.net/culture/culture/la%C3%AFla-abdou-tadjiri,-cin%C3%A9aste-%C2%ABl%E2%80%99amour-de-mon-pays-et-ma-libert%C3%A9-s%E2%80%99expriment-%C3%A0-travers-mes-oeuvres%C2%BB.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Filamu yake ya pili, ''L'encre de la mer'' ("Wino wa Bahari", 2015), ilishinda Tuzo ya Filamu Bora ya Ndani katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Komori la mwaka [[2015]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The African film Industry: trends, challenges and opportunities for growth|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379165|work=unesdoc.unesco.org|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Ellerson |first=Beti |date=2018 |title=African Women of the Screen as Cultural Producers: An Overview by Country |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/blackcamera.10.1.17 |journal=Black Camera |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=245–287 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.10.1.17 |issn=1536-3155}}</ref> Filamu yake ''Je lutte donc je suis'' (2017), filamu ya hali halisi kuhusu familia inayotumia mifuko ya plastiki, ilikuwa sehemu ya mashindano ya Ecoclip yaliloandaliwa na Tume ya Bahari ya Hindi( Commission de l’Océan Indien).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Culture / Le film « un jeune=un emploi » en compétition au Congo Brazza {{!}} La Gazette Des Comores|url=https://lagazettedescomores.com/culture/culture-/-le-film-%C2%AB-un-jeuneun-emploi-%C2%BB-en-comp%C3%A9tition-au-congo-brazza-.html|work=lagazettedescomores.com|date=2018-05-07|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> Filamu yake ya ''Un jeune=un emploi'' (2018) ni filamu ya hali halisi kuhusu uchaguzi wa Raisi Azali Assoumani wa Komori na ilishinda filamu bora katika Tamasha la kimataifa la Filamu fupi la Pointe-Noire.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Tadjiri alianza uanamitindo mwaka [[2014]] na aliwakilisha Komori katika shindano la Miss University Africa mwaka [[2017]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Culture: Laila Tadjiri représente les Comores au Miss University Africa édition 2017 {{!}} La Gazette Des Comores|url=https://lagazettedescomores.com/culture/culture-laila-tadjiri-repr%C3%A9sente-les-comores-au-miss-university-africa-%C3%A9dition-2017-.html|work=lagazettedescomores.com|date=2017-09-14|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:watu wa Komori]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] 4akfhbfdcawb5tr1fbqqt403k0falbb Rupert Anderson 0 235133 1543693 1543248 2026-05-15T12:46:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543693 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rupert Darnley Anderson''' (Order of the British Empire)OBE (Deputy lieutenant)DL (29 Aprili 1859 – 23 Desemba 1944) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyewahi kuichezea klabu ya Old Etonians pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England. Baadaye alifanya kazi kama dalali wa matunda. Anderson alizaliwa mjini [[Liverpool]] akiwa mtoto wa tano kati ya watoto sita wa familia yao. Alisoma katika Chuo cha Eton na baadaye akaendelea na masomo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Cambridge.<ref>{{acad|id=ANDR879RD|name=Anderson, Rupert Darnley}}</ref> Maisha yake ya soka yalianza na kuhitimishwa akiwa na klabu ya Old Etonians. Hata hivyo, alikosa ushindi wa timu hiyo katika fainali ya Kombe la FA ya mwaka 1879 kutokana na majeraha.<ref name="BioOnline">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersA/BioAndersonRD.html|title=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersA/BioAndersonRD.html|title=England) Goalkeepers – Rupert Anderson|website=[www.englandfootballonline.com](http://www.englandfootballonline.com)}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1859|1944}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 8s2krt0yednar1wmf9z61ceky1g0yju Professora Bebel 0 235162 1543686 1543288 2026-05-15T12:38:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543686 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Izabel Azevedo Noronha''' (alizaliwa 1 Mei 1960), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Professora Bebel''', ni mwalimu, kiongozi wa chama cha wafanyakazi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] aliyeungana na chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Professora Bebel – Biografia|url=https://www.al.sp.gov.br/deputado/?matricula=300640 |website=[[Legislative Assembly of São Paulo]] |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.sp.gov.br/deputado/?matricula=300640 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la São Paulo] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||Noronha, Maria Izabel Azevedo}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 47b6lim8p0osbqe8we8byngevto7qc2 Mônica Benício 0 235164 1543673 1543290 2026-05-15T12:18:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543673 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mônica Tereza Azeredo Benício''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1986) ni mwanasanifu majengo, mtaalamu wa mipango miji, mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake, na mtetezi wa haki za binadamu na jamii ya LGBT+ nchini [[Brazil]]. Kwa sasa ni diwani wa mji wa [[Rio de Janeiro]] kupitia chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL), nafasi aliyoishika tangu mwaka 2021.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title='Hoje, Marielle não será interrompida', diz Mônica Benício |url=https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/eleicoes/2020/noticia/2020/11/16/hoje-marielle-nao-sera-interrompida-diz-monica-benicio-apos-ser-eleita-vereadora-no-rio.ghtml |website=G1 - Globo.com |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.rio/vereadores/monica-benicio Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manispaa la Rio de Janeiro] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986||Benicio, Monica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 70ua3brod9pl8v6xjnjrgwdbjq4y1a6 Juliana Brizola 0 235177 1543990 1543634 2026-05-15T23:04:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543990 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Juliana Daudt Brizola''' (alizaliwa 3 Agosti 1975) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alifanya kazi kama diwani wa mji wa [[Porto Alegre]] kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2011 na baadaye akawa Mbunge wa Jimbo katika jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi 2023. Amekuwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)|Democratic Labour Party]] (PDT) tangu akiwa na umri wa miaka 18.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Site Câmara dos Vereadores de Porto Alegre |url=http://www.camarapoa.rs.gov.br/frames/veread/pages/juliana.htm |access-date=23 Machi 2024 |archive-date=2010-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006030440/http://www.camarapoa.rs.gov.br/frames/veread/pages/juliana.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.rs.gov.br/ Wasifu katika tovuti ya Bunge la Rio Grande do Sul] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Brizola, Juliana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pevu8tb9gcxyedf110nkiwjck5y559x Zebron Kalima 0 235183 1543721 1543319 2026-05-15T13:31:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543721 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zebron Kalima''' (alizaliwa 13 Mei 2002) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama winga katika klabu ya Silver Strikers pamoja na [[Timu ya Taifa ya Zanzibar|timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya kimataifa == Kalima alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya kimataifa akiwa na timu ya taifa ya Malawi katika [[ushindi]] wa kirafiki wa mabao 2–1 dhidi ya Comoros tarehe 31 Desemba 2021.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malawi vs. Comoros|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/32938/Malawi_Comoros.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=malwi-defeat-comoros-in-a-friendly-unveil-final-totalenergies-afcon-squad|url=https://www.cafonline.com/afcon2025/news/malwi-defeat-comoros-in-a-friendly-unveil-final-totalenergies-afcon-squad/|work=malwi-defeat-comoros-in-a-friendly-unveil-final-totalenergies-afcon-squad|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2002]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] bfgsl4ay7y8mbj2gbwg9lr3ypryvy6g Joseph Kamwendo 0 235185 1543989 1543632 2026-05-15T22:58:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Kamwendo''' (alizaliwa 23 Oktoba 1986) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kimataifa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi. Kwa sasa ni kocha wa muda wa klabu ya Creck Sporting yenye makao yake Lilongwe. == Kazi == Kamwendo alikuwa mchezaji wa kwanza kutoka nje ya Zimbabwe kushinda tuzo ya Soccer Star of the Year nchini humo. Alipokea tuzo hiyo mwaka 2005 akiwa mchezaji wa CAPS United.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kamwendo scoops top Zimbabwe football prize|url=http://www.newzimbabwe.com/pages/buddie101.13554.html|work=www.newzimbabwe.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|archive-date=2006-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107214843/http://www.newzimbabwe.com/pages/buddie101.13554.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo Novemba 2013, alijiunga na [[Klabu za Kiswahili|klabu]] ya TP Mazembe kwa mkataba wa miaka mitano. Tarehe 23 Desemba 2019, akiwa na umri wa miaka 33, Kamwendo alitangaza kustaafu kucheza mpira wa miguu. Baada ya kustaafu, alielekeza nguvu zake katika ukocha na amepata uzoefu akiwa na timu mbalimbali zikiwemo Mighty Wanderers, Bangwe United, na kwa sasa Creck Sporting.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Joseph Kamwendo announces his retirement|url=https://malawi24.com/2019/12/23/joseph-kamwendo-announces-his-retirement/|work=Malawi24|date=2019-12-23|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-GB|author=Andrew Cane Chilapondwa}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pwjp1ju5aeeschu0oqw88ryys73hx8v Chisomo Kazisonga 0 235189 1543873 1543326 2026-05-15T18:27:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543873 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chisomo Kazisonga-Sauseng''' (alizaliwa 10 Februari 1985) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayocheza kama beki na kiungo katika klabu ya 1. FC Leibnitz. == Maisha ya awali == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 18, Kazisonga alianza kucheza soka katika klabu ya DD Sunshine nchini [[Malawi]] na pia akacheza mechi yake ya kwanza kwa timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya Malawi. Baadaye alipata umaarufu kutokana na uwezo wake wa uongozi. == Elimu == Kazisonga alisomea sayansi ya michezo katika chuo kikuu nchini Austria. == Kazi ya klabu == Mbali na Malawi, Kazisonga amecheza pia Zimbabwe na [[Austria]]. Mwaka 2013, alisaini na klabu ya Conduit Soccer Academy ya Zimbabwe kwa mkataba wa miaka miwili na akateuliwa kuwa nahodha wa timu hiyo. Mwaka 2015, alijiunga na klabu ya SV Neulengbach ya Austria na kuwa mchezaji wa pili wa kike kutoka Malawi kucheza soka Ulaya. Mbali na timu ya kwanza, pia alicheza katika timu ya akiba ya klabu hiyo.<ref>{{Citation|title=New twist to Kazisonga’s Austria deal {{!}} The Nation Online|date=2015-08-03|url=https://mwnation.com/new-twist-to-kazisongas-austria-deal/|work=The Nation Online|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-15|archive-date=2023-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519081013/https://mwnation.com/new-twist-to-kazisongas-austria-deal/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Kazisonga ameichezea [[timu]] ya taifa ya [[wanawake]] ya Malawi katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kimataifa, ikiwemo COSAFA Women’s Championship mwaka 2017. Pia aliwahi kuwa nahodha wa timu hiyo ya taifa. == Mtindo wa uchezaji == Kazisonga hucheza zaidi kama kiungo na beki, na pia anaweza kucheza kama beki wa kati. Anajulikana kwa uwezo wake mzuri wa kufanya maamuzi akiwa uwanjani.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chisomo Kazisonga shining in Austria|url=https://malawi24.com/2015/11/05/chisomo-kazisonga-shining-in-austria/|work=Malawi24|date=2015-11-05|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-GB|author=Andrew Cane Chilapondwa}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Kazisonga ameolewa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ii5qp2mf1p56fu2elamajd91j2ou5a0 Schumacher Kuwali 0 235192 1543699 1543329 2026-05-15T12:50:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543699 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Schumacher Kuwali''' (alizaliwa 27 Juni 1996) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama kiungo katika klabu ya Blue Eagles. Pia amecheza katika [[klabu]] mbili za Msumbiji ambazo ni Ferroviário de Nampula na UD Songo. Kuwali alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza ya kimataifa kwa timu ya taifa ya Malawi mwaka 2016, na alifunga bao lake la kwanza la kimataifa katika [[mashindano]] ya COSAFA mwaka 2021.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Schumacher Kuwali (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/60825/Schumacher_Kuwali.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l56b0w3lwn1f2pj36hezild50gnrer1 Patrick Mabedi 0 235194 1543683 1543331 2026-05-15T12:33:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543683 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patrick Mabedi''' (alizaliwa 5 Novemba 1973) ni [[kocha]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi na mchezaji wa zamani aliyekuwa akicheza kama beki. Kwa sasa ni kocha wa muda wa klabu ya Young Africans inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu Tanzania.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Young Africans sack coach Romain Folz|url=https://www.panafricafootball.com/post/young-africans-sack-romain-folz/|work=www.panafricafootball.com|date=2025-10-18|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yanga sack coach Folz after CAF Champions League defeat in Malawi – The BizLens|url=https://thebizlens.co.tz/2025/10/18/yanga-suffer-away-defeat-as-folz-faces-mmounting-pressure/|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> Pia aliichezea kwa muda mrefu [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi. Anajulikana kwa majina ya utani “Bosti” au “The General”. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Chini ya kocha Ted Dumitru, Mabedi pamoja na Fabian McCarthy waliunda safu imara ya ulinzi iliyosaidia klabu ya Kaizer Chiefs kushinda ubingwa wake wa kwanza baada ya miaka 12. Timu hiyo ilimaliza msimu ikiwa mbele kwa pointi sita dhidi ya Ajax Cape Town iliyokuwa nafasi ya pili, huku ikipoteza [[mechi]] tatu pekee katika msimu mzima. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] slfroqpnkey8luhq2krrouj9q67cvdh Nasser Khalili 0 235195 1543676 1543334 2026-05-15T12:19:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543676 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir Nasser David Khalili''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 18]], [[1945]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], mkusanyaji wa sanaa, na mfadhili nchini [[Uingereza]] mwenye makao yake [[London]].Alizaliwa [[Irani]] na alisoma katika Queens College, Chuo Kikuu cha New York na School of Oriental and African Studies huko London.Amekuwa raia wa Uingereza kwa uraia wa kuomba.<ref name=Zeshin>"Biographical Notes" in Earle, Joe (ed.). ''Shibata Zeshin: Masterpieces of Japanese Lacquer from the Khalili Collection''. London: Kibo Foundation, 1997. p. 80.</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Khalili Collections major contributor to "Longing for Mecca" exhibition at the Tropenmuseum in Amsterdam |publisher= United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/the_khalili_collections_major_contributor_to_longing_for/|access-date=2 October 2020|website=UNESCO|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407140326/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/the_khalili_collections_major_contributor_to_longing_for/|archive-date=7 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=11 October 2019|title=Around the world in 35,000 objects—and a handful of clicks|url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/khalili-collections-wikimedia-uk-partnership/|access-date=2 October 2020|website=Apollo Magazine}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] oe85e6n75nf7gvkirbai4cn5bfacb3s 1543729 1543676 2026-05-15T13:38:09Z MartinPoulter 24874 +image 1543729 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Sir David Khalili 2023.png|thumb|Sir Nasser David Khalili]] '''Sir Nasser David Khalili''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 18]], [[1945]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], mkusanyaji wa sanaa, na mfadhili nchini [[Uingereza]] mwenye makao yake [[London]]. Alizaliwa [[Irani]] na alisoma katika Queens College, Chuo Kikuu cha New York na School of Oriental and African Studies huko London.Amekuwa raia wa Uingereza kwa uraia wa kuomba.<ref name="Zeshin">"Biographical Notes" in Earle, Joe (ed.). ''Shibata Zeshin: Masterpieces of Japanese Lacquer from the Khalili Collection''. London: Kibo Foundation, 1997. p. 80.</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Khalili Collections major contributor to "Longing for Mecca" exhibition at the Tropenmuseum in Amsterdam |publisher= United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/the_khalili_collections_major_contributor_to_longing_for/|access-date=2 October 2020|website=UNESCO|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407140326/http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/the_khalili_collections_major_contributor_to_longing_for/|archive-date=7 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=11 October 2019|title=Around the world in 35,000 objects—and a handful of clicks|url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/khalili-collections-wikimedia-uk-partnership/|access-date=2 October 2020|website=Apollo Magazine}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] j29b2fqnzquybm9jerrda8ih6405kxy Tommy Banks (mwanasoka) 0 235218 1543752 1543373 2026-05-15T14:18:45Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Tommy Banks (footballer)]] hadi [[Tommy Banks (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543373 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Banks''' (10 Novemba 1929 – 13 Juni 2024) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyekuwa akicheza kama beki wa kushoto. Alizaliwa katika Farnworth, Lancashire, akiwa mtoto wa mchimbaji wa makaa ya mawe aitwaye Jack Banks na mkewe Catherine. Alisoma katika Harper Green School.<ref name="Times140624">{{cite web |title=Tommy Banks obituary: formidable England and Bolton Wanderers left back |url=[https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb](https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb) |website=The Times |access-date=14 Juni 2024 |date=14 Juni 2024 |archive-url=[https://archive.today/20240614172049/https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb](https://archive.today/20240614172049/https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb) |archive-date=14 Juni 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1929|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] fh06lcc84xz6ky37h9n4248ehqgvbmu 1543754 1543752 2026-05-15T14:19:26Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1543754 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Banks''' (10 Novemba 1929 – 13 Juni 2024) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyekuwa akicheza kama beki wa kushoto. Alizaliwa katika Farnworth, Lancashire, akiwa mtoto wa mchimbaji wa makaa ya mawe aitwaye Jack Banks na mkewe Catherine. Alisoma katika Harper Green School.<ref name="Times140624">{{cite web |title=Tommy Banks obituary: formidable England and Bolton Wanderers left back |url=[https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb](https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb) |website=The Times |access-date=14 Juni 2024 |date=14 Juni 2024 |archive-url=[https://archive.today/20240614172049/https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb](https://archive.today/20240614172049/https://www.thetimes.com/sport/football/article/tommy-banks-obituary-formidable-england-and-bolton-wanderers-left-back-38ng3h7vb) |archive-date=14 Juni 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1929|2024}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] hna6gr3v8ku0a12m38n8a2xvi3d28pd Mariana Carvalho (mwanasiasa aliyezaliwa 1994) 0 235226 1543755 1543384 2026-05-15T14:20:07Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Mariana Carvalho (politician, born 1994)]] hadi [[Mariana Carvalho (mwanasiasa aliyezaliwa 1994)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543384 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tacilla Mariana Carvalho Silva''' (alizaliwa 2 Julai 1994), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Mariana Carvalho''', ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka jimbo la [[Maranhão]]. Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) kati ya mwaka 2023 na 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/227275/biografia|title=Mariana Carvalho – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/227275 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1994||Carvalho, Mariana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eb77yqbamornavcgp46y2s7d57vdeyu Sihem Boughdiri 0 235227 1543701 1543385 2026-05-15T12:54:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543701 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sihem Boughdiri Nemsia''' (Kiarabu: سهام بوغديري نمصية; amezaliwa 1964 au 1965) ni mwanabenki na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha katika baraza la mawaziri la Najla Bouden kuanzia Oktoba 2021[2][3] hadi tarehe 5 Februari 2025, alipofutwa kazi na Rais Kais Saied wakati nchi ikiwa katika mgogoro mkubwa wa kifedha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/32236-qui-est-sihem-boughdiri-nemsia-nouvelle-ministre-de-l-economie-des-finances-et-de-l-investissement|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 516pfz78o90sug7e3ts89u0l3odp1x4 Richard Barker (mwanasoka) 0 235230 1543757 1543388 2026-05-15T14:20:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Richard Barker (footballer)]] hadi [[Richard Barker (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543388 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Raine Barker''' (29 Mei 1869 – 1 Oktoba 1940)<ref name="EFO">{{cite web |title=England players: Richard Barker| url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerRR.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerRR.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=24 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mwaka 1895. Barker alizaliwa [[Kensington]], akiwa mtoto wa Henry Raine Barker na mke wake Caroline Haynes. Ndugu yake alikuwa msanii Anthony Raine Barker. Alisoma katika Repton School, ambako alikuwa mwanachama wa kikosi cha mpira wa miguu cha shule hiyo mwaka 1886.<ref name=Repton>[[https://archive.org/stream/reptonschoolregi00messuoft#page/102/mode/2up](https://archive.org/stream/reptonschoolregi00messuoft#page/102/mode/2up) Repton School Register - Supplement to the 1910 edition (1922)]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1869|1940}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] iigm2bx1uvxrbwcwerv4c1nkp2rb7mt 1543759 1543757 2026-05-15T14:21:25Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1543759 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Raine Barker''' (29 Mei 1869 – 1 Oktoba 1940)<ref name="EFO">{{cite web |title=England players: Richard Barker| url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerRR.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerRR.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=24 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mwaka 1895. Barker alizaliwa [[Kensington]], akiwa mtoto wa Henry Raine Barker na mke wake Caroline Haynes. Ndugu yake alikuwa msanii Anthony Raine Barker. Alisoma katika Repton School, ambako alikuwa mwanachama wa kikosi cha mpira wa miguu cha shule hiyo mwaka 1886.<ref name=Repton>[[https://archive.org/stream/reptonschoolregi00messuoft#page/102/mode/2up](https://archive.org/stream/reptonschoolregi00messuoft#page/102/mode/2up) Repton School Register - Supplement to the 1910 edition (1922)]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1869|1940}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 20wu0cq27dlr231awkbl0gzrpjp93sr Sadok Chaabane 0 235236 1543694 1543399 2026-05-15T12:47:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543694 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sadok Chaabane''' (amezaliwa 23 Februari 1950) ni profesa wa chuo kikuu kutoka Tunisia mwenye shahada ya Agrégation katika Sheria ya Umma na [[Sayansi]] ya Siasa. Mbali na kazi yake ya kitaaluma, amewahi kushika nyadhifa mbalimbali za uwaziri[1] na kisiasa. Kufikia mwaka 2021, Chaabane alikuwa mkurugenzi mkuu wa Polytech Internationale, chuo kikuu kilichopo [[Tunis]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Université privée Tunisie {{!}} Equipe Polytech Internationale|url=https://pi.tn/equipe/|work=Université Privée Polytechnique Internationale|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tsau8usz01hswqfuu9suy25iilv8toj Slim Chaker 0 235238 1543702 1543408 2026-05-15T12:56:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543702 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Slim Chaker''' (24 Agosti 1961 – 8 Oktoba 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia health minister Slim Chaker dies after charity marathon|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/mena/tunisia-health-minister-slim-chaker-dies-after-charity-marathon-1.665481|work=The National|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Afya kuanzia 12 Septemba hadi 8 Oktoba 2017, kabla ya kifo chake.[1][2] Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Nidaa Tounes, na pia aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Vijana na Michezo kuanzia 1 Julai hadi 24 Desemba 2011 katika serikali ya Beji Caid Essebsi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] 80pj1iywz8dovgf0p60uw4z5pzodiys Makur 0 235240 1543762 1543410 2026-05-15T14:22:28Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1543762 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Makur''' ni jina na jina la ukoo. Watu mashuhuri wenye jina hilo ni pamoja na: * John Marik Makur, mwanasiasa wa [[Sudan Kusini]] * Makur Maker (kuzaliwa mwaka 2000), mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu mwenye uraia wa Sudan Kusini na [[Australia]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:majina]] rz318wbgz6m5h2ozhrb3vwplippkxmc Mohamed Ridha Chalghoum 0 235242 1544057 1543659 2026-05-16T02:53:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544057 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Ridha Chalghoum''' (amezaliwa 1962) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha mara mbili: kuanzia 2010 hadi 2011, na tena 2017 hadi 2020.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rygtvr9wv6as2z6tfbbcoaitz4kxmgm Robert Barker (mwanasoka) 0 235244 1543763 1543415 2026-05-15T14:22:54Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Robert Barker (footballer)]] hadi [[Robert Barker (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543415 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robert Barker''' (19 Juni 1847 – 11 Novemba 1915)<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Barker|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerR.html|work=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerR.html|work=England) players|publisher=[www.englandfootballonline.com|access-date=2](http://www.englandfootballonline.com|access-date=2) October 2011}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyewahi kuichezea timu ya taifa ya England. Mwanzoni alicheza kama kipa na baadaye kama mshambuliaji, ikiwemo katika mechi ya kwanza ya kimataifa dhidi ya Scotland. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1847|1915}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] sb7wmnrqpit0ok7il2bu91exgpmstlc 1543765 1543763 2026-05-15T14:23:22Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1543765 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robert Barker''' (19 Juni 1847 – 11 Novemba 1915)<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Barker|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerR.html|work=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerR.html|work=England) players|publisher=[www.englandfootballonline.com|access-date=2](http://www.englandfootballonline.com|access-date=2) October 2011}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyewahi kuichezea timu ya taifa ya England. Mwanzoni alicheza kama kipa na baadaye kama mshambuliaji, ikiwemo katika mechi ya kwanza ya kimataifa dhidi ya Scotland. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheaza-mpira}} {{BD|1847|1915}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] gfgpl8mdife5nsfndem0hx1u4elwge2 1543766 1543765 2026-05-15T14:23:32Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1543766 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robert Barker''' (19 Juni 1847 – 11 Novemba 1915)<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Barker|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerR.html|work=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBarkerR.html|work=England) players|publisher=[www.englandfootballonline.com|access-date=2](http://www.englandfootballonline.com|access-date=2) October 2011}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] aliyewahi kuichezea timu ya taifa ya England. Mwanzoni alicheza kama kipa na baadaye kama mshambuliaji, ikiwemo katika mechi ya kwanza ya kimataifa dhidi ya Scotland. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1847|1915}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] f9uttigkg3mc60tvk0l23qz0p9h0irw Ridha Charfeddine 0 235248 1543688 1543420 2026-05-15T12:42:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543688 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Ridha Chalghoum''' (amezaliwa 1962) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha mara mbili: kuanzia 2010 hadi 2011, na tena kuanzia 2017 hadi 2020.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Présidents|url=http://etoile-du-sahel.com/fr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9961&Itemid=182|work=etoile-du-sahel.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-fr|author=Administrator}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 53p8lk8mrp9qyk3wlfmvimzzkp9kt92 Taoufik Charfeddine 0 235251 1543707 1543424 2026-05-15T13:02:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543707 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taoufik Charfeddine''' (Kiarabu: توفيق شرف الدين; amezaliwa 24 Novemba 1968) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani katika serikali ya Najla Bouden (Bouden Cabinet). Pia aliwahi kushika nafasi hiyo hiyo katika serikali ya Hichem Mechichi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/32516-taoufik-charfeddine-revient-a-la-tete-du-ministere-de-l-interieur|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1968]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5co2bxpf9ly0wqhr7kkb4gbvizibu7i Afif Chelbi 0 235258 1543802 1543435 2026-05-15T15:28:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543802 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Afif Chelbi''' (amezaliwa 14 Machi 1953) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Biographie de Afif Chelbi, ministre de l'Industrie et de la Technologie|url=http://www.businessnews.com.tn/details_article.php?t=525&a=19799&temp=1&lang=&w=|access-date=2026-05-15|archive-date=2013-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731075718/http://www.businessnews.com.tn/details_article.php?t=525&a=19799&temp=1&lang=&w=|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Viwanda na Teknolojia kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2011.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] c7crjb2p1aytq4u971mwdjchskmtwsi Bibya Chihi 0 235262 1543842 1543443 2026-05-15T17:44:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bibya Chihi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html |date=20110629170645 }}[https://books.google.com/books?id=3GUOAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Bibya+Chihi%22] Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Wanawake, Familia, Watoto na Wazee chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1] Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa Société Nationale de Distribution des Produits Pétroliers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Minister of Women Affairs (Tunisia) – EveryPolitician|url=https://www.everypolitician.org/positions/Q48598683/|work=EveryPolitician.org|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] spzu9esfg8xxb2xo3ekykqpw3v646o8 Zouhair Maghzaoui 0 235266 1543724 1543447 2026-05-15T13:32:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543724 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zouhair Maghzaoui''' (Kiarabu: زهير المغزاوي; amezaliwa 1965) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Yeye ni Katibu Mkuu wa chama cha People’s Movement tangu mwaka 2013, akimrithi Mohamed Brahmi aliyekuwa ameuawa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zouhair Maghzaoui|url=https://majles.marsad.tn/fr/person/zouhair-maghzaoui|work=Marsad Majles|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qpbweelpl817grs8k9n5n4om9pqyb1e Zouheir M'Dhaffar 0 235269 1543725 1543451 2026-05-15T13:32:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543725 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zouheir M'Dhaffar''' (amezaliwa 1948) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mali ya Umma na Masuala ya Mali Isiyohamishika chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali kuanzia Januari 2010 hadi Januari 2011. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gteodzltggvuubteqoh7jmd61ptrvdz 1543769 1543725 2026-05-15T14:28:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543769 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zouheir M'Dhaffar''' (amezaliwa 1948) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mali ya Umma na Masuala ya Mali Isiyohamishika chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali kuanzia Januari 2010 hadi Januari 2011. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] j7oc1h6q3fmhkozfe2xljc08eg2oz9t Samir Labidi 0 235277 1543698 1543467 2026-05-15T12:48:32Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543698 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samir Labidi''' (amezaliwa 1962) ni mwanasiasa wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Samir labidi COACH SPORT SANTÉ|url=https://samirlabidicoach.com/|work=Samir labidi COACH SPORT SANTÉ|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mawasiliano, na kabla ya hapo alikuwa Waziri wa Vijana, Michezo na Elimu ya Kimwili. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1i8e8pj24jgwarjkasibi8xo937aovn Néziha Labidi 0 235279 1543678 1543471 2026-05-15T12:26:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543678 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Neziha Labidi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Youssef Chahed, un gouvernement pour remettre la Tunisie sur les rails|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/350641/politique/youssef-chahed-gouvernement-remettre-tunisie-rails/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Masuala ya Wanawake, Familia na Watoto katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Youssef Chahed.[1][2] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gxsthmlrnlounbsoqwjxs7lrcmc3cu7 Mayra Dias 0 235283 1544052 1543477 2026-05-16T02:17:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544052 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mayra Benita Alves Dias''' (alizaliwa 28 Septemba 1991) ni mwanasiasa, mwandishi wa habari, mwanamitindo, na mshindi wa mashindano ya urembo kutoka [[Brazil]]. Alitawazwa kuwa Miss Brasil 2018 mnamo 26 Mei 2018, na kuwa mwakilishi wa pili katika historia kutoka jimbo la [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] kushinda taji hilo. Aliwakilisha Brazil katika mashindano ya [[Miss Universe 2018]], ambapo aliishia katika hatua ya kumi na bora bora (Top 20).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.terra.com.br/diversao/gente/purepeople/mayra-dias-do-amazonas-e-coroada-miss-brasil-2018-feliz-e-realizada-fotos,8b13246ba2dd5996607c1dcc4d51b7f73t27fjn9.html|title=Mayra Dias, do Amazonas, é coroada Miss Brasil 2018|last=Mariano|first=Tatiana|publisher=Terra.com.br|language=pt|accessdate=2026-05-15|archive-date=2019-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506052358/https://www.terra.com.br/diversao/gente/purepeople/mayra-dias-do-amazonas-e-coroada-miss-brasil-2018-feliz-e-realizada-fotos,8b13246ba2dd5996607c1dcc4d51b7f73t27fjn9.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.aleam.gov.br/deputados/mayra-dias/ Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991||Dias, Mayra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sv9eo35rfcjp3iiqc1qvv5l9fddv7r4 Slim Khalbous 0 235289 1543704 1543484 2026-05-15T12:56:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543704 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Slim''' '''Khalbous''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu ya Juu, na kuanzia 1 Mei 2017 pia alihudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu ya Taifa nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisie: les ministres de l'Education et des Finances limogés|url=https://www.bfmtv.com/international/afrique/tunisie/tunisie-les-ministres-de-l-education-et-des-finances-limoges_AN-201705010015.html|work=BFM|date=2017-05-01|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] j1psyuzd90opv4ovf90vsddtbaf1p9t Sahbi Karoui 0 235292 1543695 1543487 2026-05-15T12:47:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543695 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sahbi Karoui''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]] ambaye ni mjumbe wa Pan-African Parliament, akiwakilisha Tunisia.[1][2] Kufuatia mabadiliko ya kisiasa ya mwaka 2011, Fouad Mebazaa alipochukua nafasi ya kaimu rais baada ya Mohamed Ghannouchi, aliacha kwa muda nafasi ya Spika wa Assembly of the Representatives of the People, na hivyo Sahbi Karoui akawa kaimu Spika kwa kipindi cha mpito. Aliongoza kikao chake cha kwanza tarehe 4 Februari 2011 kama kiongozi wa muda.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=pan_african_parliament_org|url=https://pan-african-parliament.org/AboutPAP_PAPMemberCountries.aspx/|date=2026-05-06|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pi4jpz1z0j6s8i67ygflgjcmvk7bwir Dilvanda Faro 0 235295 1543900 1543602 2026-05-15T19:15:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543900 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dilvanda Furtado Faro''' (alizaliwa 8 Mei 1969) ni mkulima, mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Ni mwanachama wa muda mrefu wa chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://politica.estadao.com.br/eleicoes/2018/candidatos/pa/deputado-estadual/dilvanda-faro,13011 |title=Eleições 2018 |3=Dilvanda Faro Deputado Estadual 13011 |access-date=14 Desemba 2023 |publisher=O Estado de São Paulo }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pará]] tangu mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220684 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969||Faro, Dilvanda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mt2hswfrv51lbwkyac00i12kq90vc2y Mustapha Kaak 0 235301 1543671 1543501 2026-05-15T12:16:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543671 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mustapha Kaak''' (17 Aprili 1893 katika Tunis – 26 Julai 1984 katika mji huohuo) alikuwa mwanasheria, msomi, na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Association des anciens élèves du collège Sadiki : Comme au bon vieux temps!|url=http://www.tunisia-today.com/archives/20391|work=www.tunisia-today.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1893]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1984]] rfgr2s966q7jrwagxx8v2vs5k81m4l2 1544060 1543671 2026-05-16T03:14:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544060 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mustapha Kaak''' (17 Aprili 1893 katika Tunis – 26 Julai 1984 katika mji huohuo) alikuwa mwanasheria, msomi, na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Association des anciens élèves du collège Sadiki : Comme au bon vieux temps!|url=http://www.tunisia-today.com/archives/20391|work=www.tunisia-today.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2019-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915215027/http://www.tunisia-today.com/archives/20391|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1893]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1984]] 5qjkdi89gi7dvg4bxtn0n4dsbd23h1n Néji Jalloul 0 235314 1543677 1543518 2026-05-15T12:26:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543677 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Néji Jalloul''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Habib Essid na aliendelea kushika nafasi hiyo katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Youssef Chahed.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Youssef Chahed, un gouvernement pour remettre la Tunisie sur les rails|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/350641/politique/youssef-chahed-gouvernement-remettre-tunisie-rails/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o7m5qnkkhrjutbkaq7taqy1mpxx6u2n Mounir Jaidane 0 235316 1544059 1543662 2026-05-16T02:56:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544059 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mounir Jaidane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Katibu Mkuu wa Serikali chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q2rjxllghh0yogtx8zcll0ill4ow53i Rebecca Garcia (mwanasiasa) 0 235317 1543771 1543521 2026-05-15T14:28:19Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1543771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rebecca Martins Garcia''' (anajulikana pia kama '''Rebeca Garcia'''; alizaliwa 1973) ni mchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Aliliwakilisha jimbo la [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho kupitia chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP) katika Bunge la 53 (2007–2011) na Bunge la 54 (2011–2014) la Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil.<ref name="deputados">{{cite web |title=Biografia do(a) Deputado(a) Federal Rebecca Garcia |url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141525/biografia |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |access-date=5 Julai 2021 |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141525 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1973||Garcia, Rebecca}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] mzbmhwdw94egn8p96xkz2lis3pfftel 1543772 1543771 2026-05-15T14:28:36Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Rebecca Garcia (politician)]] hadi [[Rebecca Garcia (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rebecca Martins Garcia''' (anajulikana pia kama '''Rebeca Garcia'''; alizaliwa 1973) ni mchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Aliliwakilisha jimbo la [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho kupitia chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP) katika Bunge la 53 (2007–2011) na Bunge la 54 (2011–2014) la Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil.<ref name="deputados">{{cite web |title=Biografia do(a) Deputado(a) Federal Rebecca Garcia |url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141525/biografia |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |access-date=5 Julai 2021 |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141525 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1973||Garcia, Rebecca}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] mzbmhwdw94egn8p96xkz2lis3pfftel Ron Baynham 0 235321 1543692 1543527 2026-05-15T12:44:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543692 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ronald Leslie Baynham''' (10 Juni 1929 – 18 Machi 2024) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa kulipwa kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyekuwa akicheza kama golikipa, na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka akiwa na Luton Town. Aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara tatu. == Maisha ya awali == Baynham alizaliwa Erdington, katika eneo la Birmingham, tarehe 10 Juni 1929.<ref name="lutontown">{{Rejea tovuti |first=Roger |last=Wash |date=18 Machi 2024 |title=Rest in Peace Ron Baynham |url=[https://www.lutontown.co.uk/news/2024/march/rest-in-peace-ron-baynham/](https://www.lutontown.co.uk/news/2024/march/rest-in-peace-ron-baynham/) |access-date=18 Machi 2024 |website=Luton Town FC}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1929|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] f8tuogjhgoo0mdh03pgvkirmaalqebs Muhammad IV al-Hadi 0 235326 1543669 1543537 2026-05-15T12:15:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad IV al-Hadi''' (Kiarabu: محمد الرابع الهادي), anayejulikana pia kama Hédi Bey (Kiarabu: الهادي باي; 24 Juni 1855 katika Le Bardo – 11 Mei 1906 katika Carthage) alikuwa mtoto wa Ali III ibn al-Husayn na alikuwa Bey wa kumi na nne wa [[Tunisia]] chini ya nasaba ya Husainid dynasty.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTzoJx65f2EC&dq=false&pg=PA255|title=Histoire de la Tunisie contemporaine: de Ferry à Bourguiba, 1881-1956|last=Martin|first=Jean-François|date=2003|publisher=L'Harmattan|isbn=978-2-7475-4626-3|language=fr}}</ref> Alitawala Tunisia kuanzia mwaka 1902 hadi alipofariki mwaka 1906. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1855]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1906]] cmejxbolvm923p88y03dyvrsjaep24p John Barton (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1866) 0 235335 1543775 1543558 2026-05-15T14:29:47Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1543775 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Barton''' (anajulikana kama '''Jack Barton'''; 5 Oktoba 1866 – 22 Aprili 1910) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]]. Alicheza katika ngazi ya kimataifa mara moja kwa timu ya taifa ya Uingereza akiwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Metcalf|first=Mark|title=The Origins of the Football League|year=2013|publisher=Amberley|isbn=978-1-4456-1881-4|pages=180–181}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1866|1910}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 9kpr08qawy2tbknv96ljc6gj81ogt8d 1543776 1543775 2026-05-15T14:30:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[John Barton (footballer, born 1866)]] hadi [[John Barton (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1866)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543775 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Barton''' (anajulikana kama '''Jack Barton'''; 5 Oktoba 1866 – 22 Aprili 1910) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]]. Alicheza katika ngazi ya kimataifa mara moja kwa timu ya taifa ya Uingereza akiwa miongoni mwa wachezaji wa [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Metcalf|first=Mark|title=The Origins of the Football League|year=2013|publisher=Amberley|isbn=978-1-4456-1881-4|pages=180–181}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1866|1910}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 9kpr08qawy2tbknv96ljc6gj81ogt8d Arthur Berry (mwanasoka) 0 235345 1543778 1543583 2026-05-15T14:30:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arthur Berry (footballer)]] hadi [[Arthur Berry (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543583 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Berry''' (3 Januari 1888 – 15 Machi 1953) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa hadhi ya amateur kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya 1908 na 1912.<ref name=Olympedia>{{cite web|url=[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/25197](https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/25197) |title=Arthur Berry |work=Olympedia |access-date=26 Machi 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1888|1953}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 6kvro2kpkxlyuzmzkrusj2d00auzj0r 1543780 1543778 2026-05-15T14:31:03Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1543780 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Berry''' (3 Januari 1888 – 15 Machi 1953) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa hadhi ya amateur kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya 1908 na 1912.<ref name=Olympedia>{{cite web|url=[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/25197](https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/25197) |title=Arthur Berry |work=Olympedia |access-date=26 Machi 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1888|1953}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 43cwkn4x2fy6ol0rbl27b1g2ot12tcj Nadhir Hamada 0 235357 1543675 1543597 2026-05-15T12:18:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543675 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nadhir Hamada''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mazingira na Maendeleo Endelevu nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 2n0ammv9vmmt7gqtf8fjvi7e293g40u 1544062 1543675 2026-05-16T03:21:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544062 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nadhir Hamada''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Mazingira na Maendeleo Endelevu nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} rm3dvj1qoj33kri5yct8uzwpyo26tnf Taieb Hadhri 0 235358 1543706 1543643 2026-05-15T13:01:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543706 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taieb Hadhri''' (amezaliwa 18 Agosti 1957) aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utafiti wa Kisayansi, [[Teknolojia]] na Maendeleo ya Utaalamu wa [[Tunisia]] chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tunisia]] io6foat8up1oylzaip41n5jn2gisja4 1544112 1543706 2026-05-16T06:00:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544112 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taieb Hadhri''' (amezaliwa 18 Agosti 1957) aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utafiti wa Kisayansi, [[Teknolojia]] na Maendeleo ya Utaalamu wa [[Tunisia]] chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tunisia]] p8908onzch4i43u9qqux2nnmyjvfaqp Ridha Grira 0 235361 1543689 1543661 2026-05-15T12:43:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543689 wikitext text/x-wiki Ridha Grira (amezaliwa 1955) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ulinzi wa Taifa nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7zn6yg57gkzc7qwk0b1j8ykaj0w49br 1544089 1543689 2026-05-16T04:44:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544089 wikitext text/x-wiki Ridha Grira (amezaliwa 1955) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ulinzi wa Taifa nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rczo5n7wbxffw12vn6t6yjisx76qy7t Neila Gonji 0 235362 1544065 1543663 2026-05-16T03:30:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544065 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Neila Gonji''' (amezaliwa 18 Septemba 1959) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Viwanda, Nishati na Madini katika serikali ya Najla Bouden kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2023.<ref>{{Citation|last=La Presse avec TAP|title=Biographie de Neila Nouira Gonji, ministre de l’Industrie et de l’Énergie {{!}} La Presse de Tunisie|date=2021-10-11|url=https://lapresse.tn/111654/biographie-de-neila-nouira-gonji-ministre-de-lindustrie-et-de-lenergie/|work=La Presse de Tunisie|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-15|archive-date=2021-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203093037/https://lapresse.tn/111654/biographie-de-neila-nouira-gonji-ministre-de-lindustrie-et-de-lenergie/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] afbv36tu06ubaoyo7zer1yfn1i1ckgr Mohamed Habib Gherab 0 235363 1543666 2026-05-15T12:07:10Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Habib Gherab''' (8 Mei 1926 – 17 Machi 2011) (Kiarabu: محمد الحبيب غراب) alikuwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa United Nations, [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Tunisia]], na afisa mwandamizi wa serikali.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1487341|title=Secretary-General appoints Mohamed Habib Gherab as Director of Personnel|last=Gherab|first=Mohamed Habib|date=1969-01-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2011]] 7twieb9t6ohgx3xfl2fu4jbnknj8yak 1543931 1543666 2026-05-15T20:33:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Habib Gherab''' (8 Mei 1926 – 17 Machi 2011) (Kiarabu: محمد الحبيب غراب) alikuwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa United Nations, [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Tunisia]], na afisa mwandamizi wa serikali.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1487341|title=Secretary-General appoints Mohamed Habib Gherab as Director of Personnel|last=Gherab|first=Mohamed Habib|date=1969-01-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2011]] 0ontqgje77kdd7q7aigepaiv67epv8m Naceur El Gharbi 0 235364 1543667 2026-05-15T12:10:42Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543667 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Naceur El Gharbi''' alikuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Kijamii, Mshikamano na Watunisia wanaoishi nje ya nchi chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali nchini [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lyr8zsvfu79q69hxetx5wjwap2v2oz2 1543674 1543667 2026-05-15T12:18:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543674 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Naceur El Gharbi''' alikuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Kijamii, Mshikamano na Watunisia wanaoishi nje ya nchi chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali nchini [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l67a2zvr7bfec18h8qjtq1ydfeqfy1z 1544061 1543674 2026-05-16T03:21:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544061 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Naceur El Gharbi''' alikuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Kijamii, Mshikamano na Watunisia wanaoishi nje ya nchi chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali nchini [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pptxtrmkbgu8xjn1bpkq22n1mtnt0jo Mustapha Filali 0 235365 1543668 2026-05-15T12:14:05Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mustapha Filali''' (Kiarabu: مصطفى الفيلالي; 5 Julai 1921 – 20 Januari 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa kwanza wa Kilimo wa Tunisia baada ya nchi hiyo kupata uhuru.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/26351-deces-du-syndicaliste-et-ancien-ministre-de-bourguiba-mustapha-filali|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] dif8vg19zrfpsqfa8rvmkxvdn5vtz7z 1543670 1543668 2026-05-15T12:16:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mustapha Filali''' (Kiarabu: مصطفى الفيلالي; 5 Julai 1921 – 20 Januari 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa kwanza wa Kilimo wa Tunisia baada ya nchi hiyo kupata uhuru.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/26351-deces-du-syndicaliste-et-ancien-ministre-de-bourguiba-mustapha-filali|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1921]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] 693f775xelbu3wizh421yy844x1rkqj Abdallah Farhat 0 235366 1543672 2026-05-15T12:16:59Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543672 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdullah Farhat''' (28 Agosti 1914 – 29 Septemba 1985) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mUEOAQAAMAAJ&q=Abdallah+Farhat+28+ao%C3%BBt+1914|title=Marchés tropicaux et méditerranéens|date=1969|publisher=Rene Moreaux et Cie.|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1914]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] h4t72yh5wuuurwg7iph578oyv16k842 Noureddine Erray 0 235367 1543682 2026-05-15T12:29:35Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543682 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noureddine Erray''' (Kiarabu: نور الدين الري; amezaliwa 1970) ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Tunisian foreign minister fired after short tenure {{!}} {{!}} AW|url=https://thearabweekly.com/tunisian-foreign-minister-fired-after-short-tenure|work=AW|language=en|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] osuyyt9zszopbd03a082e24id6kw8gb Taïeb Djellouli 0 235368 1543684 2026-05-15T12:34:57Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543684 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taïeb Djellouli''' (1857–1944) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Citation|last=author|first=Unknown authorUnknown|title=Français : Portrait de Taïeb Djellouli, ministre et grand vizir tunisien|date=before 1944date QS:P,+1944-00-00T00:00:00Z/7,P1326,+1944-00-00T00:00:00Z/9|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mohamed_Taieb_Djellouli.jpg|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> Alitoka katika familia ya kiaristokrasi ya Tunisia na aliwahi kuhudumu kama Grand Vizier wa mwisho wa Beylik of Tunis kuanzia 1915 hadi 1922. Mwanawe, Aziz Djellouli, alijulikana kama mfanyabiashara maarufu. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1857]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1944]] lbc2e8siqt41hvvk6dgi8pwheqtz5lc Aziz Djellouli 0 235369 1543687 2026-05-15T12:39:36Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543687 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Aziz Djellouli''' (Tunis, 14 Desemba 1896 – Radès, 1975) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mfanyabiashara wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama mwenyekiti wa Tunisian Red Crescent, na pia alikuwa msimamizi katika Central Bank of Tunisia chini ya Hédi Nouira.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Historical Documents - Office of the Historian|url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1952-54v11p1/d509|work=history.state.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1896]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1975]] h05cjyhyoaxdr0vic9geawz89v7ye3t Mustapha Dinguizli 0 235370 1543690 2026-05-15T12:43:13Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mustapha Dinguizli ('''Kiarabu: مصطفى الدنقزلي; 27 Agosti 1865 – 20 Oktoba 1926) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Alizaliwa katika Tunis na alihudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa kwanza wa Tunisia kuanzia mwaka 1922 hadi alipofariki mwaka 1926.<ref>{{Cite web|title=La Presse de Tunisie - promenade-dans-les-tourbas-de-tunis {{!}} 11489 {{!}} 28082010|url=http://www.lapresse.tn/28082010/11489/promenade-dans-les-tourbas-de-tunis.html|work=www.lapresse.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1865]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1926]] lhwt0bdwe352v5incnm44je2ga5assf 1543950 1543690 2026-05-15T21:17:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mustapha Dinguizli ('''Kiarabu: مصطفى الدنقزلي; 27 Agosti 1865 – 20 Oktoba 1926) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Alizaliwa katika Tunis na alihudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa kwanza wa Tunisia kuanzia mwaka 1922 hadi alipofariki mwaka 1926.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=La Presse de Tunisie - promenade-dans-les-tourbas-de-tunis {{!}} 11489 {{!}} 28082010|url=http://www.lapresse.tn/28082010/11489/promenade-dans-les-tourbas-de-tunis.html|work=www.lapresse.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1865]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1926]] g7snk7k9if2yklg67ue9lirpw9yzn8k Ginuwine 0 235371 1543691 2026-05-15T12:44:08Z Muddyb 379 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Ginuwine | picha = Ginuwine performing in Austin, Texas 2014.jpg | maelezo = Ginuwine akitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2014 | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Elgin Baylor Lumpkin | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1970|10|15}} | chimbuko = [[Washington, D.C.]], Marekani | aina ya muziki = [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theringer.com/20...' 1543691 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Ginuwine | picha = Ginuwine performing in Austin, Texas 2014.jpg | maelezo = Ginuwine akitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2014 | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Elgin Baylor Lumpkin | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1970|10|15}} | chimbuko = [[Washington, D.C.]], Marekani | aina ya muziki = [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theringer.com/2017/4/28/16036838/ginuwine-legend-pony-so-anxious-in-those-jeans-music-pop-culture-1c1edbd47139|title = Ginuwine is an R&B Legend|date = April 28, 2017}}</ref> | kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mwandishi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1991–sasa | studio = [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], Notifi, [[Fontana Distribution|Fontana]], [[Entertainment One Music|E1]], [[Warner Records|Warner Bros.]], [[Asylum Records|Asylum]], [[Sony Music Entertainment|Sony]], [[550 Music|550]], [[Epic Records|Epic]] | ameshirikiana na = [[TGT (group)|TGT]], [[Swing Mob]] | wavuti = }} '''Elgin Baylor Lumpkin''' (amezaliwa Oktoba 15, 1970),<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hicks|first1=Jonathan P.|title=This Daypottyyy in Black History: Oct. 15, 1970|url=https://www.bet.com/article/q4yud8/this-day-in-black-history-oct-15-1970|website=[[BET]]|publisher=BET interactive, LLC|access-date=March 23, 2016}}</ref> anajulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Ginuwine''', ni mwimbaji wa muziki wa [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] kutoka nchini Marekani. Alianza safari yake ya muziki mapema miaka ya 1990 kama mwanachama wa kundi la wanamuziki la [[Swing Mob]]. Akiwa kama msanii wa kujitegemea, alisaini mkataba na lebo ya [[Epic Records]]<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web |url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p194935|pure_url=yes}} |title=Ginuwine&nbsp;– Biography |work=[[AllMusic]] |last=Huey |first=Steve |access-date=December 29, 2008}}</ref> na kutoa wimbo wake wa kwanza uliotamba wa mwaka 1996, "[[Pony (Ginuwine song)|Pony]]". Wimbo huo ulifikia namba sita kwenye chati za [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] na ulitangulia kutoka kwa albamu yake ya kwanza ya studio, ''[[Ginuwine... the Bachelor|Ginuwine...the Bachelor]]'' (1996), ambayo ilitunukiwa hadhi ya platinamu mara mbili na chama cha [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA).<ref name="RIAA">{{cite web |url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH_RESULTS&artist=Ginuwine&format=&go=Search&perPage=50 |title=RIAA&nbsp;– Gold & Platinum: "Ginuwine" |access-date=January 10, 2018 |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]}}</ref> Albamu zake za pili na tatu, ''[[100% Ginuwine]]'' (1999) na ''[[The Life (album)|The Life]]'' (2001), zote ziliingia kwenye tano bora za chati ya [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], huku albamu ya mwisho ikitoa wimbo maarufu wa "[[Differences (song)|Differences]]", ulioshika nafasi ya nne kwenye chati za ''Billboard'' Hot 100 na kusalia kuwa wimbo wake uliofika nafasi ya juu zaidi kwenye chati.<ref name="RIAA" /> Albamu yake ya nne, ''[[The Senior]]'' (2003), ilitoa wimbo ulioingia kumi bora wa "[[In Those Jeans]]", pamoja na nyimbo zilizoingia 40 bora za "[[Hell Yeah (Ginuwine song)|Hell Yeah]]" (akimshirikisha [[Birdman (rapper)|Birdman]]) na "[[Stingy (song)|Stingy]]". Albamu yake ya tano, ''[[Back II da Basics]]'' (2005), ilishika nafasi ndani ya kumi bora kwenye chati za ''Billboard'' 200 na ikawa kazi yake ya mwisho kutoa chini ya lebo ya Epic; baadaye alisaini mkataba na [[Warner Records]] na kutoa albamu yake ya sita, ''[[A Man's Thoughts]]'' (2009), ambayo ilifanya vizuri kibiashara licha ya kupokea maoni mseto kutoka kwa wakosoaji wa muziki. Albamu zilizofuata baada ya hapo zilikuwa ''[[Elgin (album)|Elgin]]'' (2011) na ''[[A Ginuwine Christmas]]'' (2011), zikiwa kama matoleo yake ya mwisho chini ya lebo kubwa ya muziki.<ref name="RIAA" /> Kwa mujibu wa jarida la ''[[Billboard magazine|Billboard]]'', hadi kufikia mwaka 2013, Ginuwine ameuza wastani wa nakala za albamu milioni 6.98 nchini Marekani.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/pro/tgts-three-kings-debuts-at-no-1-on-top-rbhip-hop-albums-chart/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902015844/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-juice/5679825/tgts-three-kings-debuts-at-no-1-on-top-rbhip-hop-albums-chart|url-status=live|archive-date=September 2, 2013|title=TGT's 'Three Kings' Debuts at No. 1 on Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums Chart|last=Ramirez|first=Rauly |date=August 29, 2013|magazine=Billboard|access-date=September 3, 2018}}</ref> Nje ya kazi yake kama msanii wa kujitegemea, mnamo mwaka 2007 aliunda kundi la R&B la mastaa watatu lililoitwa [[TGT (group)|TGT]] akishirikiana na wasanii wenzake [[Tyrese Gibson]] na [[Tank (American singer)|Tank]], ambao kwa pamoja walitoa [[Three Kings (albamu ya TGT)|albamu moja ya studio]]. == Diskografia == {{Main|Diskografia ya Ginuwine}} ;Albamu za studio * ''[[Ginuwine... the Bachelor]]'' (1996) * ''[[100% Ginuwine]]'' (1999) * ''[[The Life (album)|The Life]]'' (2001) * ''[[The Senior]]'' (2003) * ''[[Back II da Basics]]'' (2005) * ''[[A Man's Thoughts]]'' (2009) * ''[[Elgin (album)|Elgin]]'' (2011) * ''[[A Ginuwine Christmas]]'' (2011) ;Albamu za ushirikiano * ''[[Three Kings (TGT album)|Three Kings]]'' {{small|(akishirikiana na [[Tank (American singer)|Tank]] na [[Tyrese Gibson|Tyrese]], kama [[TGT (group)|TGT]])}} (2013) == Filamu == === Filamu === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin-right: 0;" |- ! scope="col" | Mwaka ! scope="col" | Jina ! scope="col" | Uhusika ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Maelezo |- | 2002 | ''[[Juwanna Mann]]'' | Romeo | |- | 2003 | ''[[Honey (2003 film)|Honey]]'' | Mwenyewe | |- | 2006 | ''Da Jammies'' | G (sauti) | Video fupi |- | 2008 | ''Baby Dil Deewana'' | | Filamu fupi |- |rowspan=2| 2011 | ''The Ideal Husband'' | Reggie | Filamu ya TV |- | ''The Bachelor Party'' | Trey | Video |- | 2014 | ''[[Chocolate City (film)|Chocolate City]]'' | Pharaoh | |- | 2016 | ''Paid in Full'' | Brad | |- | 2017 | ''[[Chocolate City: Vegas Strip]]'' | Pharaoh | |} === Televisheni === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin-right: 0;" |- ! scope="col" | Mwaka ! scope="col" | Jina ! scope="col" | Uhusika ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Maelezo |- | 1998 | ''[[Martial Law (TV series)|Martial Law]]'' | Zeke Meadows | Sehemu: "How Sammo Got His Groove Back" |- | 2000 | ''[[Moesha]]'' | Khalib | Uhusika wa kujirudia: msimu wa 6 |- | 2003 | ''[[Platinum (TV series)|Platinum]]'' | Hoody Rob | Sehemu: "Loyalty" |- | 2004 | ''[[Half & Half]]'' | R.J. Jackson | Sehemu: "The Big Don't Go Chasing Waterfalls Episode" |- | 2014–15 | ''[[Parks and Recreation]]'' | Mwenyewe | Sehemu: "Moving Up: Part 1 & 2" & "Donna and Joe" |- |rowspan="2"|2018 | ''[[Celebrity Big Brother (British TV series) series 21|Celebrity Big Brother]]'' | Mwenyewe/Mshiriki | Alitolewa wa 5; alishika nafasi ya 11 |- | ''Your Husband Is Cheating on Us'' | Mwenyewe | Washiriki wakuu |- | 2023 | ''[[The Masked Singer (American TV series)|The Masked Singer]]'' | Mwenyewe/Husky | Mshiriki wa [[The Masked Singer (American TV series) season 10|Msimu wa 10]] |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102232218/http://ginuwine.com/|title=Tovuti rasmi|date=mdy}} * {{IMDb name|0320181}} {{Ginuwine|state=uncollapsed}} {{BD|1970}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] 1qvt9asw07s3s0b8p9xxieodi21582i 1543848 1543691 2026-05-15T17:59:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Ginuwine | picha = Ginuwine performing in Austin, Texas 2014.jpg | maelezo = Ginuwine akitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2014 | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Elgin Baylor Lumpkin | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1970|10|15}} | chimbuko = [[Washington, D.C.]], Marekani | aina ya muziki = [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.theringer.com/2017/4/28/16036838/ginuwine-legend-pony-so-anxious-in-those-jeans-music-pop-culture-1c1edbd47139|title = Ginuwine is an R&B Legend|date = April 28, 2017}}</ref> | kazi yake = Mwimbaji, mwandishi wa nyimbo | miaka ya kazi = 1991–sasa | studio = [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]], Notifi, [[Fontana Distribution|Fontana]], [[Entertainment One Music|E1]], [[Warner Records|Warner Bros.]], [[Asylum Records|Asylum]], [[Sony Music Entertainment|Sony]], [[550 Music|550]], [[Epic Records|Epic]] | ameshirikiana na = [[TGT (group)|TGT]], [[Swing Mob]] | wavuti = }} '''Elgin Baylor Lumpkin''' (amezaliwa Oktoba 15, 1970),<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hicks|first1=Jonathan P.|title=This Daypottyyy in Black History: Oct. 15, 1970|url=https://www.bet.com/article/q4yud8/this-day-in-black-history-oct-15-1970|website=[[BET]]|publisher=BET interactive, LLC|access-date=March 23, 2016}}</ref> anajulikana zaidi kwa jina lake la kisanii kama '''Ginuwine''', ni mwimbaji wa muziki wa [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] kutoka nchini Marekani. Alianza safari yake ya muziki mapema miaka ya 1990 kama mwanachama wa kundi la wanamuziki la [[Swing Mob]]. Akiwa kama msanii wa kujitegemea, alisaini mkataba na lebo ya [[Epic Records]]<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web |url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p194935|pure_url=yes}} |title=Ginuwine&nbsp;– Biography |work=[[AllMusic]] |last=Huey |first=Steve |access-date=December 29, 2008}}</ref> na kutoa wimbo wake wa kwanza uliotamba wa mwaka 1996, "[[Pony (Ginuwine song)|Pony]]". Wimbo huo ulifikia namba sita kwenye chati za [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] na ulitangulia kutoka kwa albamu yake ya kwanza ya studio, ''[[Ginuwine... the Bachelor|Ginuwine...the Bachelor]]'' (1996), ambayo ilitunukiwa hadhi ya platinamu mara mbili na chama cha [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA).<ref name="RIAA">{{cite web |url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH_RESULTS&artist=Ginuwine&format=&go=Search&perPage=50 |title=RIAA&nbsp;– Gold & Platinum: "Ginuwine" |access-date=January 10, 2018 |publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]}}</ref> Albamu zake za pili na tatu, ''[[100% Ginuwine]]'' (1999) na ''[[The Life (album)|The Life]]'' (2001), zote ziliingia kwenye tano bora za chati ya [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], huku albamu ya mwisho ikitoa wimbo maarufu wa "[[Differences (song)|Differences]]", ulioshika nafasi ya nne kwenye chati za ''Billboard'' Hot 100 na kusalia kuwa wimbo wake uliofika nafasi ya juu zaidi kwenye chati.<ref name="RIAA" /> Albamu yake ya nne, ''[[The Senior]]'' (2003), ilitoa wimbo ulioingia kumi bora wa "[[In Those Jeans]]", pamoja na nyimbo zilizoingia 40 bora za "[[Hell Yeah (Ginuwine song)|Hell Yeah]]" (akimshirikisha [[Birdman (rapper)|Birdman]]) na "[[Stingy (song)|Stingy]]". Albamu yake ya tano, ''[[Back II da Basics]]'' (2005), ilishika nafasi ndani ya kumi bora kwenye chati za ''Billboard'' 200 na ikawa kazi yake ya mwisho kutoa chini ya lebo ya Epic; baadaye alisaini mkataba na [[Warner Records]] na kutoa albamu yake ya sita, ''[[A Man's Thoughts]]'' (2009), ambayo ilifanya vizuri kibiashara licha ya kupokea maoni mseto kutoka kwa wakosoaji wa muziki. Albamu zilizofuata baada ya hapo zilikuwa ''[[Elgin (album)|Elgin]]'' (2011) na ''[[A Ginuwine Christmas]]'' (2011), zikiwa kama matoleo yake ya mwisho chini ya lebo kubwa ya muziki.<ref name="RIAA" /> Kwa mujibu wa jarida la ''[[Billboard magazine|Billboard]]'', hadi kufikia mwaka 2013, Ginuwine ameuza wastani wa nakala za albamu milioni 6.98 nchini Marekani.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/pro/tgts-three-kings-debuts-at-no-1-on-top-rbhip-hop-albums-chart/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902015844/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-juice/5679825/tgts-three-kings-debuts-at-no-1-on-top-rbhip-hop-albums-chart|url-status=live|archive-date=September 2, 2013|title=TGT's 'Three Kings' Debuts at No. 1 on Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums Chart|last=Ramirez|first=Rauly |date=August 29, 2013|magazine=Billboard|access-date=September 3, 2018}}</ref> Nje ya kazi yake kama msanii wa kujitegemea, mnamo mwaka 2007 aliunda kundi la R&B la mastaa watatu lililoitwa [[TGT (group)|TGT]] akishirikiana na wasanii wenzake [[Tyrese Gibson]] na [[Tank (American singer)|Tank]], ambao kwa pamoja walitoa [[Three Kings (albamu ya TGT)|albamu moja ya studio]]. == Diskografia == {{Main|Diskografia ya Ginuwine}} ;Albamu za studio * ''[[Ginuwine... the Bachelor]]'' (1996) * ''[[100% Ginuwine]]'' (1999) * ''[[The Life (album)|The Life]]'' (2001) * ''[[The Senior]]'' (2003) * ''[[Back II da Basics]]'' (2005) * ''[[A Man's Thoughts]]'' (2009) * ''[[Elgin (album)|Elgin]]'' (2011) * ''[[A Ginuwine Christmas]]'' (2011) ;Albamu za ushirikiano * ''[[Three Kings (TGT album)|Three Kings]]'' {{small|(akishirikiana na [[Tank (American singer)|Tank]] na [[Tyrese Gibson|Tyrese]], kama [[TGT (group)|TGT]])}} (2013) == Filamu == === Filamu === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin-right: 0;" |- ! scope="col" | Mwaka ! scope="col" | Jina ! scope="col" | Uhusika ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Maelezo |- | 2002 | ''[[Juwanna Mann]]'' | Romeo | |- | 2003 | ''[[Honey (2003 film)|Honey]]'' | Mwenyewe | |- | 2006 | ''Da Jammies'' | G (sauti) | Video fupi |- | 2008 | ''Baby Dil Deewana'' | | Filamu fupi |- |rowspan=2| 2011 | ''The Ideal Husband'' | Reggie | Filamu ya TV |- | ''The Bachelor Party'' | Trey | Video |- | 2014 | ''[[Chocolate City (film)|Chocolate City]]'' | Pharaoh | |- | 2016 | ''Paid in Full'' | Brad | |- | 2017 | ''[[Chocolate City: Vegas Strip]]'' | Pharaoh | |} === Televisheni === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="margin-right: 0;" |- ! scope="col" | Mwaka ! scope="col" | Jina ! scope="col" | Uhusika ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Maelezo |- | 1998 | ''[[Martial Law (TV series)|Martial Law]]'' | Zeke Meadows | Sehemu: "How Sammo Got His Groove Back" |- | 2000 | ''[[Moesha]]'' | Khalib | Uhusika wa kujirudia: msimu wa 6 |- | 2003 | ''[[Platinum (TV series)|Platinum]]'' | Hoody Rob | Sehemu: "Loyalty" |- | 2004 | ''[[Half & Half]]'' | R.J. Jackson | Sehemu: "The Big Don't Go Chasing Waterfalls Episode" |- | 2014–15 | ''[[Parks and Recreation]]'' | Mwenyewe | Sehemu: "Moving Up: Part 1 & 2" & "Donna and Joe" |- |rowspan="2"|2018 | ''[[Celebrity Big Brother (British TV series) series 21|Celebrity Big Brother]]'' | Mwenyewe/Mshiriki | Alitolewa wa 5; alishika nafasi ya 11 |- | ''Your Husband Is Cheating on Us'' | Mwenyewe | Washiriki wakuu |- | 2023 | ''[[The Masked Singer (American TV series)|The Masked Singer]]'' | Mwenyewe/Husky | Mshiriki wa [[The Masked Singer (American TV series) season 10|Msimu wa 10]] |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102232218/http://ginuwine.com/|title=Tovuti rasmi|date=mdy}} * {{IMDb name|0320181}} {{Ginuwine|state=uncollapsed}} {{BD|1970}} [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Marekani]] ewn5bysb6j8ozqmmiyew7dqn9urftu1 Lamia Zribi 0 235372 1543696 2026-05-15T12:47:22Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543696 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lamia Zribi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha hadi tarehe 1 Mei 2017, aliporithiwa na Fadhel Abdelkefi. Alikosolewa kwa kushindwa kudhibiti kushuka kwa thamani ya sarafu ya Tunisia (dinar) pamoja na kuendelea kuongezeka kwa matumizi ya sekta ya umma.<ref>{{Citation|last=Staff|first=Reuters|title=Tunisian premier replaces Finance Minister Lamia Zribi: spokesman|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tunisia-economy-minister-idUSKBN17W0RF|work=U.S.|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tunisia]] krf35lubru3pn1f3ab5ha53b5t99bra Kigezo:Ginuwine 10 235373 1543697 2026-05-15T12:47:39Z Muddyb 379 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Navbox musical artist |name = Ginuwine |title = [[Ginuwine]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |listclass = hlist |background = solo_singer |group1 = Albamu za studio |list1 = * ''[[Ginuwine... the Bachelor]]'' * ''[[100% Ginuwine]]'' * ''[[The Life (albamu)|The Life]]'' * ''[[The Senior]]'' * ''[[Back II da Basics]]'' * ''[[A Man's Thoughts]]'' * ''[[Elgin (albamu)|Elgin]]'' * ''[[A Ginuwine Christmas]]'' |group2 = Albamu za ushirikiano |list2 = * '...' 1543697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox musical artist |name = Ginuwine |title = [[Ginuwine]] |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |listclass = hlist |background = solo_singer |group1 = Albamu za studio |list1 = * ''[[Ginuwine... the Bachelor]]'' * ''[[100% Ginuwine]]'' * ''[[The Life (albamu)|The Life]]'' * ''[[The Senior]]'' * ''[[Back II da Basics]]'' * ''[[A Man's Thoughts]]'' * ''[[Elgin (albamu)|Elgin]]'' * ''[[A Ginuwine Christmas]]'' |group2 = Albamu za ushirikiano |list2 = * ''[[Three Kings (albamu ya TGT)|Three Kings]]'' (pamoja na [[TGT (kundi)|TGT]]) |group3 = Albamu za nyimbo mchanganyiko |list3 = * ''[[Greatest Hits (albamu ya Ginuwine)|Greatest Hits]]'' * ''[[I Apologize (albamu)|I Apologize]]'' |group4 = Nyimbo zake |list4 = * "[[Pony (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|Pony]]" * "[[Tell Me Do U Wanna]]" * "[[When Doves Cry#Notable cover versions|When Doves Cry]]" * "[[Holler (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|Holler]]" * "[[Same Ol' G]]" * "[[What's So Different?]]" * "[[So Anxious]]" * "[[None of Ur Friends Business]]" * "[[There It Is (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|There It Is]]" * "[[Differences (wimbo)|Differences]]" * "[[Just Because (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|Just Because]]" * "[[Tribute to a Woman]]" * "[[Stingy (wimbo)|Stingy]]" * "[[Hell Yeah (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|Hell Yeah]]" * "[[In Those Jeans]]" * "[[Love You More (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|Love You More]]" * "[[When We Make Love (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|When We Make Love]]" * "[[I'm in Love (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|I'm in Love]]" * "[[Last Chance (wimbo)|Last Chance]]" * "[[Get Involved (wimbo wa Ginuwine)|Get Involved]]" | group5 = Nyimbo alizoshirikishwa | list5 = * "[[The Best Man I Can Be]]" * "[[It Wasn't Me (wimbo wa Solé)|It Wasn't Me]]" * "[[You Owe Me (wimbo wa Nas)|You Owe Me]]" * "[[Take Away (wimbo)|Take Away]]" * "[[I Need a Girl (Part Two)]]" * "[[Pressure (wimbo wa Belly)|Pressure]]" * "[[Please Don't Go (wimbo wa Tank)|Please Don't Go (TGT Remix)]]" |group6 = Makala zinazohusiana |list6 = * [[Ginuwine discography|Diskografia]] * [[Swing Mob]] * [[TGT (kundi)|TGT]] * "[[Jump (wimbo wa Rihanna)|Jump]]" }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Jamii:Vigezo vya waimbaji wa Marekani]] </noinclude> qp0y6qbdwngnaltb2zqxbaapqdkofg7 Jo Bamford 0 235374 1543705 2026-05-15T13:00:49Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joseph Cyril Edward Bamford''' (Alizaliwa [[Desemba]] [[1977]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Uingereza]]. Yeye ni mmiliki wa ''Wrightbus'', kampuni ya kutengeneza mabasi ya umeme yenye makao yake Ballymena, [[Eire Kaskazini]]. .<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dempsey |first1=Harry |title=JCB heir Jo Bamford launches hydrogen fund |url=https://www.ft.com/content/608145f2-dd22-4b25-8876-4b4031ee3851 |publisher=[[Financial Times]] |date=September 6, 2021}}</ref><...' 1543705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Cyril Edward Bamford''' (Alizaliwa [[Desemba]] [[1977]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] nchini [[Uingereza]]. Yeye ni mmiliki wa ''Wrightbus'', kampuni ya kutengeneza mabasi ya umeme yenye makao yake Ballymena, [[Eire Kaskazini]]. .<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dempsey |first1=Harry |title=JCB heir Jo Bamford launches hydrogen fund |url=https://www.ft.com/content/608145f2-dd22-4b25-8876-4b4031ee3851 |publisher=[[Financial Times]] |date=September 6, 2021}}</ref><ref name="CoHo">{{cite web |title=Joseph Cyril Edward BAMFORD |url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/officers/3wh8dKKcVORetdH-D0KZADGitWo/appointments |website=Companies House |access-date=17 January 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fnmeq3p0jvvnsmensroai2u1267wf0a Abderrahim Zouari 0 235375 1543708 2026-05-15T13:03:27Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543708 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abderrahim Zouari''' (Kiarabu cha Tunisia: عبد الرحيم الزواري; amezaliwa 18 Aprili 1944) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Uchukuzi kuanzia 2004 hadi 2011 chini ya Rais Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1][2][3] Aligombea urais mwaka 2014 kupitia chama cha Destourian Movement, na Januari 2019 alianzisha chama cha Tahya Tounes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] se07ynvgb5jh2u0jl67nxag1j3poepl 1543798 1543708 2026-05-15T15:13:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543798 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abderrahim Zouari''' (Kiarabu cha Tunisia: عبد الرحيم الزواري; amezaliwa 18 Aprili 1944) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Uchukuzi kuanzia 2004 hadi 2011 chini ya Rais Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1][2][3] Aligombea urais mwaka 2014 kupitia chama cha Destourian Movement, na Januari 2019 alianzisha chama cha Tahya Tounes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] qn1wa4b1lersjeln8pd4pygy6moppne Ali Zouaoui 0 235376 1543709 2026-05-15T13:07:50Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543709 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abderrahim Zouari''' (Kiarabu cha Tunisia: عبد الرحيم الزواري; amezaliwa 18 Aprili 1944) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Uchukuzi kuanzia 2004 hadi 2011 chini ya Rais Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1][2][3] Aligombea urais mwaka 2014 kupitia chama cha Destourian Movement, na Januari 2019 alianzisha chama cha Tahya Tounes.<ref>{{Cite web|title=درة في ضيافة بوابة الأهرام : أحلم بالمسرح الاستعراضي وإعادة فوازير رمضان {{!}} صور|url=https://gate.ahram.org.eg/News/1969030.aspx|work=بوابة الأهرام|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=ar}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]] 72awmtb2h180kxu42lli27fu1x313cw Nouri Zorgati 0 235377 1543710 2026-05-15T13:10:22Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543710 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nouri Zorgati''' (25 Agosti 1937 – 12 Oktoba 2014) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=L’ancien ministre des Finances Nouri Zorgati n’est plus|url=https://www.kapitalis.com/archive/34-kapital/25160-l-ancien-ministre-des-finances-nouri-zorgati-n-est-plus.html|work=www.kapitalis.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2014]] p6yml7ehkqhdzuk40mf9ixdmfnjb7ex 1543955 1543710 2026-05-15T21:32:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nouri Zorgati''' (25 Agosti 1937 – 12 Oktoba 2014) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=L’ancien ministre des Finances Nouri Zorgati n’est plus|url=https://www.kapitalis.com/archive/34-kapital/25160-l-ancien-ministre-des-finances-nouri-zorgati-n-est-plus.html|work=www.kapitalis.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2014]] 3z5iwyh4xqtjuyn1tam920cmy7ztfpu Joe Lewis (mfanyabiashara) 0 235378 1543711 2026-05-15T13:10:49Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joseph C. Lewis''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 5]], [[1937]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] na mwekezaji nchini [[Uingereza]] anayemiliki mali nyingi kupitia jalada lake la uwekezaji la Tavistock Group. Alikuwa mmiliki mkuu wa ENIC Group, ambayo pia ilikuwa mmiliki mkuu wa klabu ya soka ya [[Tottenham Hotspur]], kuanzia [[1991]] hadi Oktoba [[2022]]. Umiliki mkuu ulihamishiwa kwa Lewis Family Trust mnamo Oktoba 2022. Kulingana na Sunday Times Rich List ya mwaka 202...' 1543711 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph C. Lewis''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 5]], [[1937]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] na mwekezaji nchini [[Uingereza]] anayemiliki mali nyingi kupitia jalada lake la uwekezaji la Tavistock Group. Alikuwa mmiliki mkuu wa ENIC Group, ambayo pia ilikuwa mmiliki mkuu wa klabu ya soka ya [[Tottenham Hotspur]], kuanzia [[1991]] hadi Oktoba [[2022]]. Umiliki mkuu ulihamishiwa kwa Lewis Family Trust mnamo Oktoba 2022. Kulingana na Sunday Times Rich List ya mwaka [[2023]], Lewis ana utajiri wa [[pauni]] bilioni 5.096.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-26 |title=UK billionaire whose family trust owns Tottenham soccer club pleads not guilty to insider trading |url=https://apnews.com/article/tottenham-soccer-owner-joe-lewis-indicted-6f723ef3c279c0d6fb3858f3b70e5c36 |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kilpatrick |first=Dan |date=2022-10-18 |title=Billionaire owner Joe Lewis ceases 'significant control' of Tottenham |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/tottenham-owner-joe-lewis-ceases-significant-control-b1033045.html |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gb0gu8balrucwcfe2eho61y1bdm143r 1543877 1543711 2026-05-15T18:37:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph C. Lewis''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 5]], [[1937]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] na mwekezaji nchini [[Uingereza]] anayemiliki mali nyingi kupitia jalada lake la uwekezaji la Tavistock Group. Alikuwa mmiliki mkuu wa ENIC Group, ambayo pia ilikuwa mmiliki mkuu wa klabu ya soka ya [[Tottenham Hotspur]], kuanzia [[1991]] hadi Oktoba [[2022]]. Umiliki mkuu ulihamishiwa kwa Lewis Family Trust mnamo Oktoba 2022. Kulingana na Sunday Times Rich List ya mwaka [[2023]], Lewis ana utajiri wa [[pauni]] bilioni 5.096.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2023-07-26 |title=UK billionaire whose family trust owns Tottenham soccer club pleads not guilty to insider trading |url=https://apnews.com/article/tottenham-soccer-owner-joe-lewis-indicted-6f723ef3c279c0d6fb3858f3b70e5c36 |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Kilpatrick |first=Dan |date=2022-10-18 |title=Billionaire owner Joe Lewis ceases 'significant control' of Tottenham |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/tottenham-owner-joe-lewis-ceases-significant-control-b1033045.html |access-date=2023-07-28 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7x9j0xq4kyhw48gphni3tqvbcz4cpvf Saâdeddine Zmerli 0 235379 1543713 2026-05-15T13:14:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543713 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saâdeddine Zmerli''' (Kiarabu: سعد الدين زمرلي; 7 Januari 1930 – 26 Machi 2021) alikuwa daktari bingwa wa mfumo wa mkojo (urology) na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saadeddine Zmerli n'est plus|url=https://www.leconomistemaghrebin.com/2021/03/26/saadeddine-zmerli-nest-plus/|work=Leconomiste Maghrebin|date=2021-03-26|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR|author=L'Economiste Maghrébin}}</ref> Alitumia miaka 12 nchini France, miaka 10 nchini Algeria, na miaka 18 nchini Tunisia katika maisha na kazi yake ya kitaaluma. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] qoi1i22myhrei5ak2lo28m0oy9djri0 1543975 1543713 2026-05-15T22:16:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saâdeddine Zmerli''' (Kiarabu: سعد الدين زمرلي; 7 Januari 1930 – 26 Machi 2021) alikuwa daktari bingwa wa mfumo wa mkojo (urology) na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Saadeddine Zmerli n'est plus|url=https://www.leconomistemaghrebin.com/2021/03/26/saadeddine-zmerli-nest-plus/|work=Leconomiste Maghrebin|date=2021-03-26|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR|author=L'Economiste Maghrébin}}</ref> Alitumia miaka 12 nchini France, miaka 10 nchini Algeria, na miaka 18 nchini Tunisia katika maisha na kazi yake ya kitaaluma. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] 5myiwb8njrvvv6co7zc2bjq486q6bap Mondher Zenaidi 0 235380 1543715 2026-05-15T13:18:13Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543715 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mondher Zenaidi''' (Kiarabu: منذر الزنايدي; amezaliwa 24 Oktoba 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Afya ya Umma kuanzia 2007 hadi 2011 katika serikali ya Tunisia.[1] Kabla ya hapo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali zikiwemo Katibu wa Nchi wa Biashara na Viwanda, Waziri wa Uchukuzi, na Waziri wa Biashara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l19gqa8rd3gvn96jsvgs02of6y92ogy 1543935 1543715 2026-05-15T20:34:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543935 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mondher Zenaidi''' (Kiarabu: منذر الزنايدي; amezaliwa 24 Oktoba 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Afya ya Umma kuanzia 2007 hadi 2011 katika serikali ya Tunisia.[1] Kabla ya hapo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali zikiwemo Katibu wa Nchi wa Biashara na Viwanda, Waziri wa Uchukuzi, na Waziri wa Biashara.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g9xsh1zj1vh8dkghwt9yxb1gvt7yt0p 1544058 1543935 2026-05-16T02:54:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544058 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mondher Zenaidi''' (Kiarabu: منذر الزنايدي; amezaliwa 24 Oktoba 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Afya ya Umma kuanzia 2007 hadi 2011 katika serikali ya Tunisia.[1] Kabla ya hapo, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali zikiwemo Katibu wa Nchi wa Biashara na Viwanda, Waziri wa Uchukuzi, na Waziri wa Biashara.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5dsdstvm6zi9k09kly1yzcci5b0ji3b Corine Rottschäfer 0 235381 1543716 2026-05-15T13:20:44Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Corine Spier-Rottschäfer''' ([[Mei 8]], [[1938]] – [[Septemba 24]], [[2020]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uholanzi]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1959]], akiwakilisha Uholanzi. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka nchi yake kushinda taji hilo. Shindano lilifanyika [[London]], [[Uingereza]].<ref name="Holland">{{Cite web|title=Miss Holland 1957 {{!}} Miss Holland Now {{!}}|url=https://misshollandnow.com/miss-holland-1957/|ac...' 1543716 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Corine Spier-Rottschäfer''' ([[Mei 8]], [[1938]] – [[Septemba 24]], [[2020]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uholanzi]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1959]], akiwakilisha Uholanzi. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka nchi yake kushinda taji hilo. Shindano lilifanyika [[London]], [[Uingereza]].<ref name="Holland">{{Cite web|title=Miss Holland 1957 {{!}} Miss Holland Now {{!}}|url=https://misshollandnow.com/miss-holland-1957/|access-date=2020-12-11|language=nl}}</ref><ref name="Corine Rottschäfer">{{cite web |url=http://www.missworld.com/1950-s/1959.html |title=Miss World 1959 – Corine Rottschafer – Netherlands |accessdate=2010-03-24 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324232527/http://www.missworld.com/1950-s/1959.html |archivedate=24 March 2010 |df=dmy-all }}. missworld.com</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uholanzi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] 4j1z5oscj63zrcfmwumqk43zhlxmo39 Abdelkarim Zbidi 0 235382 1543717 2026-05-15T13:21:05Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543717 wikitext text/x-wiki Abdelkrim Zbidi (amezaliwa 25 Juni 1950 katika Rejiche) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisie – Heureux, qui comme Abdelkarim Zbidi ?|url=https://www.tunisienumerique.com/tunisie-heureux-qui-comme-abdelkarim-zbidi/|work=Tunisie numerique|date=2019-01-26|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR|author=Karim Ben Abdallah}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dihz4qlbxzk5mmqb18q1yiwvjoo76ab Mohamed Salah Zaray 0 235383 1543718 2026-05-15T13:22:53Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543718 wikitext text/x-wiki Mohamed Salah Zaray ni mwanasiasa wa Tunisia ambaye ni mjumbe wa Pan-African Parliament, akiwakilisha Tunisia.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 92w2r77yero4anklihogrlvv04fhjob Penelope Coelen 0 235384 1543719 2026-05-15T13:26:34Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Penelope Anne Coelen''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 15]], [[1940]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa zamani, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Afrika Kusini]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1958]]. Alikuwa mshindi wa pili wa kimataifa mwenye taji kubwa kutoka Afrika.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1958-10-14|title=Honey Blonde South African Wins '58 'Miss World' Title|pages=25|work=The News Journal|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/50424956/honey-blonde-south-african-wins-58/|ac...' 1543719 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Penelope Anne Coelen''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 15]], [[1940]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa zamani, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Afrika Kusini]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1958]]. Alikuwa mshindi wa pili wa kimataifa mwenye taji kubwa kutoka Afrika.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1958-10-14|title=Honey Blonde South African Wins '58 'Miss World' Title|pages=25|work=The News Journal|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/50424956/honey-blonde-south-african-wins-58/|access-date=2020-05-07|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Durban Timeline 1497-1990|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/durban-timeline-1497-1990|website=South African History Online|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=1958-10-14|title=Tops Among World Cuties|pages=331|work=Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/50424795/tops-among-world-cuties/|access-date=2020-05-07|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0oae7onna4vax80idcqcjdv56byffuq 1543961 1543719 2026-05-15T21:49:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1543961 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Penelope Anne Coelen''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 15]], [[1940]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa zamani, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Afrika Kusini]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1958]]. Alikuwa mshindi wa pili wa kimataifa mwenye taji kubwa kutoka Afrika.<ref>{{Rejea habari|date=1958-10-14|title=Honey Blonde South African Wins '58 'Miss World' Title|pages=25|work=The News Journal|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/50424956/honey-blonde-south-african-wins-58/|access-date=2020-05-07|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Durban Timeline 1497-1990|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/durban-timeline-1497-1990|website=South African History Online|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|date=1958-10-14|title=Tops Among World Cuties|pages=331|work=Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/50424795/tops-among-world-cuties/|access-date=2020-05-07|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1940]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cmsnxjaw8h5t3efj5f41taelha46e2s Habib Ben Yahia 0 235385 1543720 2026-05-15T13:28:24Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Habib Ben Yahia''' (amezaliwa 30 Julai 1938 katika Tunis) ni mwanasiasa wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Washa JavaScript ili utafute|url=https://www.google.com/httpservice/retry/enablejs?sei=_h4HauUx2uPk2g_7iuqgCA|work=www.google.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o5orjk6znn1qglzjdtyt8rrbswyc001 1543851 1543720 2026-05-15T18:06:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543851 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Habib Ben Yahia''' (amezaliwa 30 Julai 1938 katika Tunis) ni mwanasiasa wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Washa JavaScript ili utafute|url=https://www.google.com/httpservice/retry/enablejs?sei=_h4HauUx2uPk2g_7iuqgCA|work=www.google.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2km5hhrn4m2nnh3umlqlm26ol5kr81d Marita Lindahl 0 235386 1543722 2026-05-15T13:31:24Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marita Lindahl''' ([[Oktoba 17]], [[1938]] – [[Machi 21]], [[2017]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo nchini [[Ufini]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka 1957, baada ya kutwaa taji la [[Miss Finland]] mwaka [[1957]] kutoka kwa Miss Finland 1956, Sirpa Helena Koivu. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Ufini kushinda taji hilo na mwanamke wa tatu wa Nordic (Kaskazini mwa Ulaya) kushinda; baada ya Sweden kushinda mashindano mawili ya kwanza.<ref>{{cite new...' 1543722 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marita Lindahl''' ([[Oktoba 17]], [[1938]] – [[Machi 21]], [[2017]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo nchini [[Ufini]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka 1957, baada ya kutwaa taji la [[Miss Finland]] mwaka [[1957]] kutoka kwa Miss Finland 1956, Sirpa Helena Koivu. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Ufini kushinda taji hilo na mwanamke wa tatu wa Nordic (Kaskazini mwa Ulaya) kushinda; baada ya Sweden kushinda mashindano mawili ya kwanza.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.beautypageants.in/miss-world/marita-lindahl-miss-world-1957-from-finland-is-no-more/articleshow/59369896.cms|title=Marita Lindahl Miss World 1957 from Finland is no more|date=June 29, 2017|newspaper= [[Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://awardgoesto.com/marita-lindahl-won-miss-world-1957-pageant/|title=Marita Lindahl won Miss World 1957 Pageant|date=May 6, 2012|access-date=February 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921092009/http://awardgoesto.com/marita-lindahl-won-miss-world-1957-pageant/|archive-date=September 21, 2019|url-status=usurped}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] ralre8lfnz8lyxh084i3e963ojxvylx 1543727 1543722 2026-05-15T13:33:04Z Ally0111 85292 1543727 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marita Lindahl''' ([[Oktoba 17]], [[1938]] – [[Machi 21]], [[2017]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo nchini [[Ufini]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka 1957, baada ya kutwaa taji la [[Miss Finland]] mwaka [[1957]] kutoka kwa Miss Finland 1956, Sirpa Helena Koivu. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Ufini kushinda taji hilo na mwanamke wa tatu wa Nordic (Kaskazini mwa Ulaya) kushinda; baada ya Sweden kushinda mashindano mawili ya kwanza.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.beautypageants.in/miss-world/marita-lindahl-miss-world-1957-from-finland-is-no-more/articleshow/59369896.cms|title=Marita Lindahl Miss World 1957 from Finland is no more|date=June 29, 2017|newspaper= [[Times of India]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufini]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] p891cyrx9fxykqbz4ahw2dx4ve793n9 Uthman ibn Ali (bey of Tunis) 0 235387 1543726 2026-05-15T13:32:57Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543726 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uthman ibn Ali''' (Kiarabu: عثمان الأول بن علي), anayejulikana pia kama Osman Bey (Kiarabu: عصمان باي; 27 Mei 1763 – 20 Desemba 1814), alikuwa kiongozi wa sita wa nasaba ya Husainid dynasty na mtawala wa [[Tunisia]] kwa muda mfupi mwaka 1814.[1]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cslsCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA147|title=Economic Thinking of Arab Muslim Writers During the Nineteenth Century|last=Islahi|first=Abdul Azim|date=2016-01-20|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-55321-8|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1763]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1814]] 8e2mmfns7ri1lck4927qyxeizozc71v 1543988 1543726 2026-05-15T22:58:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543988 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uthman ibn Ali''' (Kiarabu: عثمان الأول بن علي), anayejulikana pia kama Osman Bey (Kiarabu: عصمان باي; 27 Mei 1763 – 20 Desemba 1814), alikuwa kiongozi wa sita wa nasaba ya Husainid dynasty na mtawala wa [[Tunisia]] kwa muda mfupi mwaka 1814.[1]<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cslsCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA147|title=Economic Thinking of Arab Muslim Writers During the Nineteenth Century|last=Islahi|first=Abdul Azim|date=2016-01-20|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-55321-8|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1763]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1814]] b4araakavp6wuevo6zf6by68ypj1rca Slim Tleti 0 235388 1543728 2026-05-15T13:35:35Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Slim Tletli''' (amezaliwa 6 Aprili 1951) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utalii chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] kxlme1ar6qw39hsm3bf92nd89qak1sz 1543981 1543728 2026-05-15T22:27:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Slim Tletli''' (amezaliwa 6 Aprili 1951) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utalii chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] 56m5wsaim787khdq41nlom4vkkgqn5h 1544110 1543981 2026-05-16T05:41:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544110 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Slim Tletli''' (amezaliwa 6 Aprili 1951) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utalii chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] iq450ks2j30mln9f06scaurs034dsvx Fatma Thabet 0 235389 1543730 2026-05-15T13:38:28Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543730 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatma Thabet Chiboub''' (amezaliwa 20 Agosti 1961) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.[1]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/35787-qui-est-fatma-thabet-chiboub-ministre-de-l-industrie-des-mines-et-de-l-energie|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nb26fv9o18fwkwhh6kxu896e0q5ifyf 1543843 1543730 2026-05-15T17:45:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543843 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatma Thabet Chiboub''' (amezaliwa 20 Agosti 1961) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.[1]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/35787-qui-est-fatma-thabet-chiboub-ministre-de-l-industrie-des-mines-et-de-l-energie|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o4iy0xji7oulk8t8w0pkp4d699w1v8t Bechir Tekkari 0 235390 1543731 2026-05-15T13:41:31Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bechir Tekkari''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu ya Juu na Utafiti wa Kisayansi, na kabla ya hapo alikuwa Waziri wa Sheria na Haki za Binadamu.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ntik2jk7o9vzrb8difvyyk0o9djxikp 1543836 1543731 2026-05-15T17:30:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543836 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bechir Tekkari''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu ya Juu na Utafiti wa Kisayansi, na kabla ya hapo alikuwa Waziri wa Sheria na Haki za Binadamu.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] oy7nzdkcvdmkrkt0exrik7jkf6744gh Susana Duijm 0 235391 1543732 2026-05-15T13:42:50Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Carmen Susana Duijm Zubillaga''' ([[Agosti 11]], [[1936]] – [[Juni 18]], [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Venezuela]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss Venezuela]] mwaka [[1955]] na akashiriki [[Miss Universe]] 1955, akiingia katika 15 bora. Kisha akaenda kushiriki [[Miss World]] 1955 na akashinda, na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Venezuela na Kilatini/[[Amerika Kusini]] kushinda taji la Miss World.<ref>[http://n...' 1543732 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Carmen Susana Duijm Zubillaga''' ([[Agosti 11]], [[1936]] – [[Juni 18]], [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Venezuela]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss Venezuela]] mwaka [[1955]] na akashiriki [[Miss Universe]] 1955, akiingia katika 15 bora. Kisha akaenda kushiriki [[Miss World]] 1955 na akashinda, na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Venezuela na Kilatini/[[Amerika Kusini]] kushinda taji la Miss World.<ref>[http://noticierovenevision.net/estrenos-y-estrellas/2016/junio/18/160176=fallecio-susana-duijm,-la-primera-miss-mundo-de-venezuela Falleció Susana Duijm, la primera Miss Mundo de Venezuela] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160618232025/http://noticierovenevision.net/estrenos-y-estrellas/2016/junio/18/160176=fallecio-susana-duijm,-la-primera-miss-mundo-de-venezuela |date=2016-06-18 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.latintimes.com/susana-duijm-dead-first-latina-ever-win-miss-mundo-passes-79-391264 Susana Duijm Dead: First Latina To Ever Win Miss Mundo Passes At 79]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-25 |title=¿Qué significó Susana Duijm? - Grupo Theja |url=https://grupotheja.com/noticias/que-significo-susana-duijm/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=carloomauricioperez |date=2016-06-19 |title=Susana Duijm: semblanza de la primera "Cenicienta Venezolana" |url=https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2016/06/19/susana-duijm-semblanza-de-la-primera-cenicienta-venezolana/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=CNN |language=es}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Venezuela]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1936]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] 9ru3lzlyoykoij8hpgq7zfzj90b55l3 1543986 1543732 2026-05-15T22:33:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543986 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Carmen Susana Duijm Zubillaga''' ([[Agosti 11]], [[1936]] – [[Juni 18]], [[2016]]) alikuwa [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Venezuela]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss Venezuela]] mwaka [[1955]] na akashiriki [[Miss Universe]] 1955, akiingia katika 15 bora. Kisha akaenda kushiriki [[Miss World]] 1955 na akashinda, na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Venezuela na Kilatini/[[Amerika Kusini]] kushinda taji la Miss World.<ref>[http://noticierovenevision.net/estrenos-y-estrellas/2016/junio/18/160176=fallecio-susana-duijm,-la-primera-miss-mundo-de-venezuela Falleció Susana Duijm, la primera Miss Mundo de Venezuela] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160618232025/http://noticierovenevision.net/estrenos-y-estrellas/2016/junio/18/160176=fallecio-susana-duijm,-la-primera-miss-mundo-de-venezuela |date=2016-06-18 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.latintimes.com/susana-duijm-dead-first-latina-ever-win-miss-mundo-passes-79-391264 Susana Duijm Dead: First Latina To Ever Win Miss Mundo Passes At 79]</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-03-25 |title=¿Qué significó Susana Duijm? - Grupo Theja |url=https://grupotheja.com/noticias/que-significo-susana-duijm/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=carloomauricioperez |date=2016-06-19 |title=Susana Duijm: semblanza de la primera "Cenicienta Venezolana" |url=https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2016/06/19/susana-duijm-semblanza-de-la-primera-cenicienta-venezolana/ |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=CNN |language=es}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Venezuela]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1936]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] a0e9jk858apc6eq84aeiopya61imfrd Karima Souid 0 235392 1543734 2026-05-15T13:48:50Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543734 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karima Souid''' (amezaliwa 4 Aprili 1971 katika Lyon) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Social Democratic Path.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karima Souid|url=https://anc.majles.marsad.tn/fr/deputes/4f4fbcf3bd8cb56157000090|work=Marsad|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] kh6swg49m7r1gijf9fh2vm1ggrkep43 1543884 1543734 2026-05-15T18:51:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543884 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karima Souid''' (amezaliwa 4 Aprili 1971 katika Lyon) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]] na mwanachama wa chama cha Social Democratic Path.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Karima Souid|url=https://anc.majles.marsad.tn/fr/deputes/4f4fbcf3bd8cb56157000090|work=Marsad|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] 4mz0k6didyfn01jjrux9rl1ry0wprud Abdelhamid Slama 0 235393 1543735 2026-05-15T13:53:11Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543735 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdelhamid Slama''' (23 Oktoba 1941 – 31 Januari 2025) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bFbkAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Abdelhamid+Slama%22|title=Jeune Afrique|date=2008-09|publisher=Groupe Jeune Afrique|language=fr}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Michezo, Vijana na Elimu ya Kimwili. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1941]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] di5w4o5h3acx5kw5n3b0gn6s0pzj9qc Antigone Costanda 0 235394 1543736 2026-05-15T13:57:55Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antigone Costanda''' (alizaliwa [[1934]]) ni mbunifu, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo mwenye asili ya [[Kupro]] na [[Misri]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1954]]. Shindano lilifanyika [[Oktoba 18]], [[1954]], huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]], na ushiriki wa washiriki 16. Alizaliwa Nikolasia, Kupro, na kwa kuongeza lugha ya Kiarabu, Costanda anazungumza kwa ufasaha Kigiriki, Kiingereza, Kiitaliano na Kifaransa.Alikuwa mgombea wa kwanza wa Miss Egypt kushi...' 1543736 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antigone Costanda''' (alizaliwa [[1934]]) ni mbunifu, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo mwenye asili ya [[Kupro]] na [[Misri]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1954]]. Shindano lilifanyika [[Oktoba 18]], [[1954]], huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]], na ushiriki wa washiriki 16. Alizaliwa Nikolasia, Kupro, na kwa kuongeza lugha ya Kiarabu, Costanda anazungumza kwa ufasaha Kigiriki, Kiingereza, Kiitaliano na Kifaransa.Alikuwa mgombea wa kwanza wa Miss Egypt kushinda taji la Miss World kwa ajili ya Misri, na vilevile taji la Miss World kwa nchi ya Afrika. Alikuwa pia Mwafrika wa kwanza kushinda taji kubwa la shindano la urembo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141029152146/http://lempimissit.suntuubi.com/?cat=510 suntuubi.com]</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DGBIAAAAIBAJ&pg=2180,2363077&dq=miss+world+1954&hl=en|title=Miss Egypt Becomes Miss World In Beauty Contest In London|date=October 19, 1954|work=[[Ocala Star-Banner]]|access-date=16 April 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] seypxjzhgm3bdck5sbg85rmv2eqtajj Rachid Sfar 0 235395 1543737 2026-05-15T13:58:18Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543737 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachid Sfar''' (Kiarabu: رشيد صفر; 11 Septemba 1933 – 20 Julai 2023) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=PREMIER OF TUNISIA REPLACED|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24848170.html?dids=24848170:24848170&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+03,+1987&author=Chicago+Tribune+wires&pub=Chicago+Tribune+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=PREMIER+OF+TUNISIA+REPLACED&pqatl=google|work=pqasb.pqarchiver.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa Tunisia chini ya urais wa Habib Bourguiba.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] oi5a78sjlg9sp2xjf1ekzq2452n17n0 1543967 1543737 2026-05-15T21:58:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachid Sfar''' (Kiarabu: رشيد صفر; 11 Septemba 1933 – 20 Julai 2023) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PREMIER OF TUNISIA REPLACED|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24848170.html?dids=24848170:24848170&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+03,+1987&author=Chicago+Tribune+wires&pub=Chicago+Tribune+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=PREMIER+OF+TUNISIA+REPLACED&pqatl=google|work=pqasb.pqarchiver.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa Tunisia chini ya urais wa Habib Bourguiba.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] g8bpmn3b28usl71aacynhnfh2ivzj98 1544081 1543967 2026-05-16T04:32:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544081 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachid Sfar''' (Kiarabu: رشيد صفر; 11 Septemba 1933 – 20 Julai 2023) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PREMIER OF TUNISIA REPLACED|url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24848170.html?dids=24848170:24848170&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+03,+1987&author=Chicago+Tribune+wires&pub=Chicago+Tribune+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=PREMIER+OF+TUNISIA+REPLACED&pqatl=google|work=pqasb.pqarchiver.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa Tunisia chini ya urais wa Habib Bourguiba.[1] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] nw7f7yfu12m16rp0trkv1561j5dfvcv Mohamed Sayah 0 235396 1543739 2026-05-15T14:03:13Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543739 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Sayah''' (Kiarabu: محمد الصيّاح; 31 Desemba 1933 – 15 Machi 2018) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kushika nyadhifa mbalimbali za uwaziri katika miaka ya 1960, 1970 na 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Qui était Mohamed Sayah, l’ancien bras droit de Bourguiba ? {{!}} Directinfo|url=https://directinfo.webmanagercenter.com/2018/03/15/qui-etait-mohamed-sayah-lancien-bras-droit-de-bourguiba/|date=2018-03-15|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR|author=aroua}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] 7u0l1xmighujj1e771pi18ddqm4ymk9 1543934 1543739 2026-05-15T20:33:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543934 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Sayah''' (Kiarabu: محمد الصيّاح; 31 Desemba 1933 – 15 Machi 2018) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kushika nyadhifa mbalimbali za uwaziri katika miaka ya 1960, 1970 na 1980.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Qui était Mohamed Sayah, l’ancien bras droit de Bourguiba ? {{!}} Directinfo|url=https://directinfo.webmanagercenter.com/2018/03/15/qui-etait-mohamed-sayah-lancien-bras-droit-de-bourguiba/|date=2018-03-15|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR|author=aroua}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] r8y5iq2r873s86q76bntv6598dpnekx Denise Perrier 0 235397 1543742 2026-05-15T14:05:31Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Denise Perrier''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 13]], [[1935]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]] wa zamani, na mrembo wa [[Ufaransa]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1953]]. Sasa anajulikana kama "Denise Perrier Lanfranchi." Anabaki kuwa mwanamke wa pekee wa Ufaransa kushinda taji la Miss World. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1935]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1543742 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Denise Perrier''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 13]], [[1935]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]] wa zamani, na mrembo wa [[Ufaransa]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1953]]. Sasa anajulikana kama "Denise Perrier Lanfranchi." Anabaki kuwa mwanamke wa pekee wa Ufaransa kushinda taji la Miss World. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1935]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 431h1ag7lifqzozvzf3e6zmb2ahe0q6 1543744 1543742 2026-05-15T14:09:08Z Ally0111 85292 1543744 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Denise Perrier''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 13]], [[1935]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]] wa zamani, na mrembo wa [[Ufaransa]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1953]]. Sasa anajulikana kama "Denise Perrier Lanfranchi." Anabaki kuwa mwanamke wa pekee wa Ufaransa kushinda taji la Miss World.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/hauts-de-france/nord-pas-calais/maeva-coucke-rate-couronne-miss-monde-1588995.html |title=Maëva Coucke rate la couronne de Miss Monde |website=Francetvinfo.fr |date=8 December 2018 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="bugeycotiere retour">{{cite web |url=https://www.bugeycotiere.fr/51554/denise-perrier-la-miss-monde-1953-de-retour-sur-ses-terres-natales/ |title=Denise Perrier : la Miss Monde 1953 de retour sur ses terres natales |website=Bugeycotiere.fr |date=20 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214182638/https://www.bugeycotiere.fr/51554/denise-perrier-la-miss-monde-1953-de-retour-sur-ses-terres-natales/ |archive-date=14 December 2019 |language=fr |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1935]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] p3l30xhupf8u09iany9rt282cqi9s1v Samir Saïed 0 235398 1543743 2026-05-15T14:06:34Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543743 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samir Saïed''' (Kiarabu: سمير سعيد; amezaliwa 1957) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Uchumi na Mipango katika serikali ya Najla Bouden kuanzia 2021.[1] Mnamo 17 Oktoba 2023, Rais Kaïs Saïed alimwondoa katika wadhifa wake wa Waziri wa Uchumi na Mipango.[2]<ref>{{Cite web|title=En Tunisie, Kaïs Saïed limoge le ministre de l’Économie|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1494447/politique/en-tunisie-kais-saied-limoge-le-ministre-de-leconomie/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jj3q4ftzfoej32nnlnfho1fai5p6026 1543973 1543743 2026-05-15T22:13:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samir Saïed''' (Kiarabu: سمير سعيد; amezaliwa 1957) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Uchumi na Mipango katika serikali ya Najla Bouden kuanzia 2021.[1] Mnamo 17 Oktoba 2023, Rais Kaïs Saïed alimwondoa katika wadhifa wake wa Waziri wa Uchumi na Mipango.[2]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=En Tunisie, Kaïs Saïed limoge le ministre de l’Économie|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1494447/politique/en-tunisie-kais-saied-limoge-le-ministre-de-leconomie/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] byjanp9u0l73twu0uvakio1rok269oo Rachel sabah 0 235399 1543746 2026-05-15T14:09:33Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachid Sabbagh''' (Kiarabu: رشيد الصباغ) ni [[mwanasiasa]] huru wa [[Tunisia]]. Mnamo 2013, alijiunga na baraza la mawaziri la Ali Laarayedh kama Waziri wa Ulinzi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amputée de 60 députés, l’ANC se réunit pour la première fois depuis l’assassinat de Mohamed Brahmi|url=https://nawaat.org/2013/08/06/tunise-pleniere-assemblee-constituante-assassinat-depute-mohamed-brahmi/|work=Nawaat|date=2013-08-06|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US|author=Tous ses articles}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 13uxfvns7m4a80lxoy2z2fnhe8as0x9 1543966 1543746 2026-05-15T21:58:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rachid Sabbagh''' (Kiarabu: رشيد الصباغ) ni [[mwanasiasa]] huru wa [[Tunisia]]. Mnamo 2013, alijiunga na baraza la mawaziri la Ali Laarayedh kama Waziri wa Ulinzi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Amputée de 60 députés, l’ANC se réunit pour la première fois depuis l’assassinat de Mohamed Brahmi|url=https://nawaat.org/2013/08/06/tunise-pleniere-assemblee-constituante-assassinat-depute-mohamed-brahmi/|work=Nawaat|date=2013-08-06|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US|author=Tous ses articles}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dncdftyrdbm125wa8b054dl2dfd3w3u Selma Elloumi Rekik 0 235400 1543748 2026-05-15T14:13:28Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543748 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Selma Elloumi Rekik''' (Kiarabu: سلمى اللومي الرقيق; amezaliwa 5 Juni 1956 katika Tunis) ni mfanyabiashara na mwanasiasa wa Tunisia. Awali alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Nidaa Tounes,[1] na kwa sasa yuko katika chama cha Al Amal.[2] == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 22rh32nv80rd5ij9n43l3pzcpgxtww3 May-Louise Flodin 0 235401 1543749 2026-05-15T14:15:46Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''May-Louise Flodin''' ([[Septemba 5]], [[1934]] – [[Februari 4]], [[2011]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uswidi]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1952]]. Alikuwa mshindi wa pili na alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake [[Kiki Håkansson]] pia kutoka Uswidi.<ref>[http://www.missworld.com/1950-s/ ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513080233/http://www.missworld.com/1950-s/ |date=May 13, 2010 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{...' 1543749 wikitext text/x-wiki '''May-Louise Flodin''' ([[Septemba 5]], [[1934]] – [[Februari 4]], [[2011]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uswidi]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1952]]. Alikuwa mshindi wa pili na alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake [[Kiki Håkansson]] pia kutoka Uswidi.<ref>[http://www.missworld.com/1950-s/ ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513080233/http://www.missworld.com/1950-s/ |date=May 13, 2010 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uswidi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1934]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2011]] oi2o3shsjioxblhhhahbrn4sjoqkd78 Fadhila Rebhi 0 235402 1543750 2026-05-15T14:18:11Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543750 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fadhila Rebhi''' (Kiarabu: فضيلة الرابحي) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Biashara na Maendeleo ya Usafirishaji nje katika serikali ya Najla Bouden.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisian president sacks trade minister - China.org.cn|url=http://www.china.org.cn/world/Off_the_Wire/2023-01/07/content_85045365.htm|work=www.china.org.cn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jpb0fx3r72pp65grzbq580ncmrk680w 1543841 1543750 2026-05-15T17:43:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543841 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fadhila Rebhi''' (Kiarabu: فضيلة الرابحي) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Biashara na Maendeleo ya Usafirishaji nje katika serikali ya Najla Bouden.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisian president sacks trade minister - China.org.cn|url=http://www.china.org.cn/world/Off_the_Wire/2023-01/07/content_85045365.htm|work=www.china.org.cn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gtmaj9nhpvlotazc3gfljbngq99lgo0 Catarina Guerra 0 235403 1543751 2026-05-15T14:18:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Catarina de Lima Guerra da Silva''' (alizaliwa 28 Januari 1986) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika jimbo la [[Roraima]], akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[União Brasil]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Catarina Guerra |url=https://al.rr.leg.br/deputados/index.php/dep-catarina-guerra/catarina-guerra/ |access-date=10 Machi 2025 |publisher=Assembleia Legislativa de Roraima}}</ref> == Marej...' 1543751 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Catarina de Lima Guerra da Silva''' (alizaliwa 28 Januari 1986) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika jimbo la [[Roraima]], akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[União Brasil]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Catarina Guerra |url=https://al.rr.leg.br/deputados/index.php/dep-catarina-guerra/catarina-guerra/ |access-date=10 Machi 2025 |publisher=Assembleia Legislativa de Roraima}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://al.rr.leg.br/deputados/ Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Roraima] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986||Guerra, Catarina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5szc9xbhi8lu302ityp68tyf6mop5b6 Tommy Banks (footballer) 0 235404 1543753 2026-05-15T14:18:45Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Tommy Banks (footballer)]] hadi [[Tommy Banks (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543753 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Tommy Banks (mwanasoka)]] bkuwopedwpxxv30hu1itnj61j3mjfhk Mariana Carvalho (politician, born 1994) 0 235405 1543756 2026-05-15T14:20:07Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Mariana Carvalho (politician, born 1994)]] hadi [[Mariana Carvalho (mwanasiasa aliyezaliwa 1994)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543756 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Mariana Carvalho (mwanasiasa aliyezaliwa 1994)]] ftwu9v65m2aamawqu3v1ggnk9k08m6w Richard Barker (footballer) 0 235406 1543758 2026-05-15T14:20:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Richard Barker (footballer)]] hadi [[Richard Barker (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543758 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Richard Barker (mwanasoka)]] npv4k6ej7vscior18e3aoxz7cllgrsc Abderrazak Rassaa 0 235407 1543760 2026-05-15T14:21:58Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543760 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abderrazak Rassaa''' (Kiarabu: عبد الرزاق الرصاع; 4 Januari 1930 – 7 Januari 2020) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Accueil {{!}} Univers News|url=https://universnews.tn/|work=universnews.tn|date=2025-08-28|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] 6mwrlykcd0pcg375uyjlhxnl2ixhpca Robert Barker (footballer) 0 235408 1543764 2026-05-15T14:22:55Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Robert Barker (footballer)]] hadi [[Robert Barker (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543764 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Robert Barker (mwanasoka)]] k3likzo9t3fox1iuc0jy61eomjykc1b Sliman Ourak 0 235409 1543767 2026-05-15T14:24:09Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543767 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sliman Ourak''' (amezaliwa 28 Julai 1955 katika Tunis) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia Chiefs of State 2011, CIA World Factbook|url=https://www.theodora.com/wfb2011/tunisia/tunisia_chiefs.html|work=www.theodora.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Biashara na Ufundi chini ya serikali ya Tunisia. Kabla ya uteuzi huo, alisomea Shahada ya Uzamili katika Sheria (Sheria ya Binafsi) na pia alisoma katika Institut Technique de Banque (ITB) mjini Paris. Kitaaluma, alianza kazi yake mwaka 1981 katika Benki ya Akiba ya Makazi (Housing Bank – BH), kisha akahudumu katika nafasi mbalimbali ikiwemo Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Benki ya Mshikamano ya Tunisia (BTS) (1999–2004) na baadaye Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Forodha. Pia ametunukiwa medali na heshima mbalimbali ikiwemo Order of the Republic (2006), Order of 7 November (2007), na Medal of Labour (2003). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rm7xh3u3yzief0ag1cgckviqacmsmev 1543982 1543767 2026-05-15T22:27:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543982 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sliman Ourak''' (amezaliwa 28 Julai 1955 katika Tunis) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia Chiefs of State 2011, CIA World Factbook|url=https://www.theodora.com/wfb2011/tunisia/tunisia_chiefs.html|work=www.theodora.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Biashara na Ufundi chini ya serikali ya Tunisia. Kabla ya uteuzi huo, alisomea Shahada ya Uzamili katika Sheria (Sheria ya Binafsi) na pia alisoma katika Institut Technique de Banque (ITB) mjini Paris. Kitaaluma, alianza kazi yake mwaka 1981 katika Benki ya Akiba ya Makazi (Housing Bank – BH), kisha akahudumu katika nafasi mbalimbali ikiwemo Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Benki ya Mshikamano ya Tunisia (BTS) (1999–2004) na baadaye Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Forodha. Pia ametunukiwa medali na heshima mbalimbali ikiwemo Order of the Republic (2006), Order of 7 November (2007), na Medal of Labour (2003). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qsd8xfetz1e7i9x1ewgrv1goyig4vjn Aline Gurgel 0 235410 1543768 2026-05-15T14:24:36Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Aline Paranhos Varonil Gurgel''' (alizaliwa 25 Novemba 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Amekuwa Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Amapá]] tangu mwaka 2025, baada ya kufanya kazi hapo awali katika kipindi cha 2019 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204353/biografia|title=Aline Gurgel – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje =...' 1543768 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aline Paranhos Varonil Gurgel''' (alizaliwa 25 Novemba 1980) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Amekuwa Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Amapá]] tangu mwaka 2025, baada ya kufanya kazi hapo awali katika kipindi cha 2019 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204353/biografia|title=Aline Gurgel – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204353 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Gurgel, Aline}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9e967jt2eagc1fxhdr6xllshj8rcy8p Ahmed Eyadh Ouederni 0 235411 1543770 2026-05-15T14:28:18Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543770 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Eyadh Ouederni''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri-Mkurugenzi wa Ofisi ya Rais (Minister-Director of the Presidential Cabinet) chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tunisia]] 0umat2e0a9hlut5uvii1vlp3wa12r46 1543805 1543770 2026-05-15T15:34:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1543805 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Eyadh Ouederni''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri-Mkurugenzi wa Ofisi ya Rais (Minister-Director of the Presidential Cabinet) chini ya Rais wa zamani Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|archive-date=2011-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629170645/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tunisia]] 7a3uxjmzbeo0msr21q3eqcy3ct9280y Rebecca Garcia (politician) 0 235412 1543773 2026-05-15T14:28:36Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Rebecca Garcia (politician)]] hadi [[Rebecca Garcia (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543773 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Rebecca Garcia (mwanasiasa)]] fv9bfw13uo5xol4pc5ja0835l3kmy2z Alessandra Haber 0 235413 1543774 2026-05-15T14:29:14Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alessandra Haber Carvalho Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Dra. Alessandra Haber''' (alizaliwa 15 Septemba 1988), ni daktari na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pará]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220674/biografia|title=Dra. Alessandra Haber – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist...' 1543774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alessandra Haber Carvalho Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Dra. Alessandra Haber''' (alizaliwa 15 Septemba 1988), ni daktari na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pará]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220674/biografia|title=Dra. Alessandra Haber – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220674 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Haber, Alessandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ql286jy2yulgu4lqgdi4tzooxxas1lr John Barton (footballer, born 1866) 0 235414 1543777 2026-05-15T14:30:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[John Barton (footballer, born 1866)]] hadi [[John Barton (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1866)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543777 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[John Barton (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1866)]] ek5lfzx82kv3meluoqu9ma5nzoc9fm3 Arthur Berry (footballer) 0 235415 1543779 2026-05-15T14:30:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arthur Berry (footballer)]] hadi [[Arthur Berry (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543779 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Arthur Berry (mwanasoka)]] c0rzfowq3fze82yjcxkic6ori5ep4c9 Kamel Omrane 0 235416 1543782 2026-05-15T14:32:29Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543782 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kamel Omrane''' (Kiarabu: كمال عمران; 18 Januari 1951 – 14 Mei 2018) alikuwa msomi wa Kiislamu na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Dini wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Citation|title=Biographie de M. Kamel Omrane, nouveau ministre des Affaires religieuses|url=https://www.businessnews.com.tn/Biographie-de-M.-Kamel-Omrane,-nouveau-ministre-des-Affaires-religieuses,525,22828,1|work=www.businessnews.com.tn|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] n9n7599vpq73x0kylj5gprqpl0todpy Hédi Amara Nouira 0 235417 1543784 2026-05-15T14:34:41Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543784 wikitext text/x-wiki Hédi Amara Nouira (5 Aprili 1911 – 25 Januari 1993) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa pili wa Tunisia kuanzia mwaka 1970 hadi 1980. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1911]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1991]] dkeireqiy42lyzv50x7rjjehhbh96y9 Marina Helou 0 235418 1543786 2026-05-15T14:35:41Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marina Helou''' (alizaliwa 25 Agosti 1987) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.al.sp.gov.br/deputado/?matricula=300636|title=Marina Helou|publisher=Legislative Assembly of São Paulo|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.sp.gov.br/deputado/?matricula=300636 Wasifu rasmi...' 1543786 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marina Helou''' (alizaliwa 25 Agosti 1987) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.al.sp.gov.br/deputado/?matricula=300636|title=Marina Helou|publisher=Legislative Assembly of São Paulo|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.sp.gov.br/deputado/?matricula=300636 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la São Paulo] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1987||Helou, Marina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kbcwed2ol0re01smsoovuj9cpii9621 Kiki Håkansson 0 235419 1543787 2026-05-15T14:35:50Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kerstin Margareta Håkansson''' ([[Julai 23]], [[1929]] – [[Novemba 4]], [[2024]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uswidi]] ambaye alikuwa mshindi wa kwanza wa shindano la urembo la [[Miss World]] la mwaka [[1951]].<ref name=WION>{{cite news |url=https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-kiki-hakansson-first-miss-world-passes-away-at-95-in-california-773858 |title=Kiki Hakansson, first Miss World passes away at 95 in California |web...' 1543787 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kerstin Margareta Håkansson''' ([[Julai 23]], [[1929]] – [[Novemba 4]], [[2024]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uswidi]] ambaye alikuwa mshindi wa kwanza wa shindano la urembo la [[Miss World]] la mwaka [[1951]].<ref name=WION>{{cite news |url=https://www.wionews.com/entertainment/lifestyle/news-kiki-hakansson-first-miss-world-passes-away-at-95-in-california-773858 |title=Kiki Hakansson, first Miss World passes away at 95 in California |website=WION |date=6 November 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Susan|last=Dewey|title=Making Miss India Miss World|page=[https://archive.org/details/makingmissindiam0000dewe/page/46 46]|publisher=Syracuse University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8156-3176-7|url=https://archive.org/details/makingmissindiam0000dewe/page/46}}</ref><ref name=Herald>{{cite news |first=Marcella |last=Walker |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-herald-197527augthedailyher/283995/ |title=Former Miss World to Judge Show |newspaper=Daily Herald |location=Utah |date=27 August 1975 |page=33 |via=newspapers.com }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uswidi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] ft877kqv7wdn3afdzp8zvddqacy910u Erika Hilton 0 235420 1543788 2026-05-15T14:41:17Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Erika Santos Silva''', anajulikana kama '''Erika Hilton''' (alizaliwa 9 Desemba 1992), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] na mwanaharakati wa haki za watu weusi na kundi la [[LGBT]]. Mnamo mwaka 2022, aliweka historia kwa kuchaguliwa kuwa mwanamke mweusi wa kwanza mwanamke trans (transgender) kuingia katika [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Baraza la Manaibu]] la Brazil.<ref name="time-13oct2021">{{cite magazine |last1=Nugent |first1=Ciara |title=This Trans Polit...' 1543788 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Erika Santos Silva''', anajulikana kama '''Erika Hilton''' (alizaliwa 9 Desemba 1992), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] na mwanaharakati wa haki za watu weusi na kundi la [[LGBT]]. Mnamo mwaka 2022, aliweka historia kwa kuchaguliwa kuwa mwanamke mweusi wa kwanza mwanamke trans (transgender) kuingia katika [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Baraza la Manaibu]] la Brazil.<ref name="time-13oct2021">{{cite magazine |last1=Nugent |first1=Ciara |title=This Trans Politician Is Fighting for Change in Brazil |url=https://time.com/6103211/erika-hilton-next-generation-leaders/ |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=13 Oktoba 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220551 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992||Hilton, Erika}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] itf4rvypb6c9tm1alwoiq7lmn09qc4q Ann Sidney 0 235421 1543789 2026-05-15T14:54:28Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ann Sidney''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 27]], [[1944]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, na mrembo wa [[Uingereza]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1964]] akiwakilisha Uingereza<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1964.html |title=Miss World 1964 – Ann Sidney – United Kingdom |access-date=2010-10-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429085823/http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1964.html |a...' 1543789 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ann Sidney''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 27]], [[1944]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, na mrembo wa [[Uingereza]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1964]] akiwakilisha Uingereza<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1964.html |title=Miss World 1964 – Ann Sidney – United Kingdom |access-date=2010-10-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429085823/http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1964.html |archive-date=2010-04-29 }}. missworld.com</ref><ref name=AusWW>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43460949 |title=The McLennan-Sidney Wedding Blessed by Brilliant Sunshine |newspaper=[[The Australian Women's Weekly]] |volume=38 |issue=33 |date=13 January 1971 |accessdate=16 September 2021 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a0mtmvfw7ulpm40q4a3bu01kusp5awb Delegada Ione 0 235422 1543790 2026-05-15T14:57:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ione Maria Moreira Dias Barbosa''' (alizaliwa 20 Machi 1974),ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anajulikana zaidi kama kiongozi wa polisi anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220625/biografia|title=Delegada Ione – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [h...' 1543790 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ione Maria Moreira Dias Barbosa''' (alizaliwa 20 Machi 1974),ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anajulikana zaidi kama kiongozi wa polisi anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220625/biografia|title=Delegada Ione – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220625 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974||Barbosa, Ione}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a83ypk3gjn0qqh5233na57xf4f3k0ib Delegada Katarina 0 235423 1543791 2026-05-15T15:01:10Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Katarina Feitoza Lima Santana''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Delegada Katarina''' (alizaliwa 5 Oktoba 1973), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] na mkuu wa polisi anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Sergipe]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220561/biografia|title=Delegada Katarina – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Vi...' 1543791 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Katarina Feitoza Lima Santana''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Delegada Katarina''' (alizaliwa 5 Oktoba 1973), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] na mkuu wa polisi anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Sergipe]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220561/biografia|title=Delegada Katarina – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220561 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Katarina, Delegada}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ir5tkfgi7puhblr7f2uzsfk6smn4tw8 Bia Kicisv 0 235424 1543794 2026-05-15T15:06:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Beatriz Kicis Torrents de Sordi''' (alizaliwa 19 Septemba 1961), anajulikana zaidi kama '''Bia Kicis''', ni mwanasiasa, mwanaharakati, [[YouTuber]], mwanasheria, na mwendesha mashtaka wa zamani (attorney general) wa Wilaya ya Shirikisho ([[Federal District (Brazil)|Distrito Federal]]) nchini [[Brazil]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204374 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbeg...' 1543794 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Beatriz Kicis Torrents de Sordi''' (alizaliwa 19 Septemba 1961), anajulikana zaidi kama '''Bia Kicis''', ni mwanasiasa, mwanaharakati, [[YouTuber]], mwanasheria, na mwendesha mashtaka wa zamani (attorney general) wa Wilaya ya Shirikisho ([[Federal District (Brazil)|Distrito Federal]]) nchini [[Brazil]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204374 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961||Kicis, Bia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l52khy90i5bm1g5uqzh5zzqziyhbx3r Johnny Berry 0 235425 1543803 2026-05-15T15:33:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Reginald John Berry''' (1 Juni 1926 – 16 Septemba 1994),<ref>{{cite book |last1=Biddiscombe |first1=Ross |last2=Curry |first2=Patrick |last3=Hayden |first3=Jonathan |title=The Official Encyclopedia of Manchester United |year=2011 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=London |isbn=978-1-84737-918-4 |page=136 }}</ref> ambaye pia ametajwa kama '''John James Berry''',<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dykes |first1=Garth |title=The United Alphabet: A Complete Who's...' 1543803 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reginald John Berry''' (1 Juni 1926 – 16 Septemba 1994),<ref>{{cite book |last1=Biddiscombe |first1=Ross |last2=Curry |first2=Patrick |last3=Hayden |first3=Jonathan |title=The Official Encyclopedia of Manchester United |year=2011 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=London |isbn=978-1-84737-918-4 |page=136 }}</ref> ambaye pia ametajwa kama '''John James Berry''',<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dykes |first1=Garth |title=The United Alphabet: A Complete Who's Who of Manchester United F.C. |publisher=ACL & Polar Publishing (UK) |location=Leicester |year=1994 |isbn=0-9514862-6-8 |pages=32–3 }}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1926|1994}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 09fglkjxic0fdkwchsxu3sysk887lfq Harry Betmead 0 235426 1543806 2026-05-15T15:37:12Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Harry Betmead''' (11 Aprili 1912 – 26 Agosti 1984) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Uingereza (soka) ambaye aliichezea Grimsby Town pamoja na timu ya taifa ya [[Uingereza]] (England). Pia alicheza mchezo wa kriketi kwa Lincolnshire.<ref name="official">{{cite web|url=[http://www.grimsby-townfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/History/0,,10417~1073423,00.html|title=Grimsby](http://www.grimsby-townfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/History/0,,10417~1073423,00.html|ti...' 1543806 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harry Betmead''' (11 Aprili 1912 – 26 Agosti 1984) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Uingereza (soka) ambaye aliichezea Grimsby Town pamoja na timu ya taifa ya [[Uingereza]] (England). Pia alicheza mchezo wa kriketi kwa Lincolnshire.<ref name="official">{{cite web|url=[http://www.grimsby-townfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/History/0,,10417~1073423,00.html|title=Grimsby](http://www.grimsby-townfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/History/0,,10417~1073423,00.html|title=Grimsby) Town F.C. - Legends|work=Grimsby Town F.C. official site|accessdate=10 Mei 2009|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081225232534/http://www.grimsby-townfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/History/0,,10417~1073423,00.html|archive-date=25](https://web.archive.org/web/20081225232534/http://www.grimsby-townfc.premiumtv.co.uk/page/History/0,,10417~1073423,00.html|archive-date=25) Desemba 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/107/107872/107872.html](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/107/107872/107872.html) Cricket archive]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1912|1984}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] bzhvl0w1krnqkgyscuh3p7thfywx2h8 Catharina Lodders 0 235427 1543808 2026-05-15T16:00:56Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Catharina Johanna Lodders''', sasa anaitwa ''Catharina Evans'' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 18]], [[1942]] huko [[Haarlem]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uholanzi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1962]].<ref name="herald">[https://www.heraldtribune.com/article/LK/20160121/News/605202118/SH Chubby Checker visits former pastor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613085325/https://www.heraldtribune.com/article/LK/20160121/news/6052021...' 1543808 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Catharina Johanna Lodders''', sasa anaitwa ''Catharina Evans'' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 18]], [[1942]] huko [[Haarlem]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Uholanzi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1962]].<ref name="herald">[https://www.heraldtribune.com/article/LK/20160121/News/605202118/SH Chubby Checker visits former pastor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613085325/https://www.heraldtribune.com/article/LK/20160121/news/605202118/SH |date=2020-06-13 }}, Jan 21, 2016, Jean Etsinger, Sarasota Herald-Tribune</ref><ref name="Catharina Lodders">{{cite web |url=http://www.missworld.com/History/1962/ |title=Miss World -1962 |accessdate=2015-09-28 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924111335/http://www.missworld.com/History/1962/ |archivedate=2015-09-24 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uholanzi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9sea6xu3l3kkd0bdhugysfg1dx2wczg Norma Cappagli 0 235428 1543811 2026-05-15T16:17:11Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Norma Gladys Cappagli''' ([[Septemba 20]], [[1939]] – [[Desemba 22]], [[2020]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa Argentina aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka 1960, baada ya kutwaa taji la Miss Argentina [[1960]]. Alikuwa mwanamitindo wa kwanza kutoka [[Argentina]] kushinda taji hilo. Shindano lilifanyika [[London]], [[Uingereza]]. Tuzo yake ilikuwa [[pauni]] 500 na gari la michezo. Baada ya utawala wake wa Miss World kumalizika, Cappag...' 1543811 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Norma Gladys Cappagli''' ([[Septemba 20]], [[1939]] – [[Desemba 22]], [[2020]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa Argentina aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka 1960, baada ya kutwaa taji la Miss Argentina [[1960]]. Alikuwa mwanamitindo wa kwanza kutoka [[Argentina]] kushinda taji hilo. Shindano lilifanyika [[London]], [[Uingereza]]. Tuzo yake ilikuwa [[pauni]] 500 na gari la michezo. Baada ya utawala wake wa Miss World kumalizika, Cappagli alifanya kazi kama mwanamitindo. Mwaka [[1962]], alirekodi wimbo "Sexy World" na Armando Sciascia. Wimbo huo ulionyeshwa kwenye kipindi cha TV cha Velvet. Alifariki katika Hospitali ya Fernández huko Buenos Aires tarehe Desemba 22 2020 baada ya kugongwa na basi tarehe [[17 Desemba]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/espectaculos/tras-ser-atropellada-murio-norma-cappagli-primera-nid2548769|title=Tras ser atropellada, murió Norma Cappagli, la primera Miss Mundo que tuvo la Argentina |first1=Pablo |last1=Montagna |newspaper=[[La Nación]] |date=23 December 2020 |language=es |trans-title=After being run over, Norma Cappagli, the first Miss World that Argentina had, died}}</ref><ref>* {{Cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/911210332.html?dids=911210332:911210332&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+09%2C+1960&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=Argentina+Girl%2C+21%2C+Chosen+Miss+World&pqatl=google |title=Argentina Girl, 21, Chosen Miss World |date=9 November 1960 |newspaper=[[Hartford Courant]] |access-date=7 July 2017 |archive-date=25 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025042634/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/911210332.html?dids=911210332:911210332&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+09,+1960&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=Argentina+Girl,+21,+Chosen+Miss+World&pqatl=google |url-status=dead }} * {{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/367744025/ |title=Argentina Girl, 21, Chosen Miss World |date=9 November 1960 |newspaper=[[Hartford Courant]] |page=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=London |agency=[[Associated Press]] }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] 7xv3k2ljvsu62icynp5p9ybzc4kfesu 1543954 1543811 2026-05-15T21:31:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543954 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Norma Gladys Cappagli''' ([[Septemba 20]], [[1939]] – [[Desemba 22]], [[2020]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa Argentina aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka 1960, baada ya kutwaa taji la Miss Argentina [[1960]]. Alikuwa mwanamitindo wa kwanza kutoka [[Argentina]] kushinda taji hilo. Shindano lilifanyika [[London]], [[Uingereza]]. Tuzo yake ilikuwa [[pauni]] 500 na gari la michezo. Baada ya utawala wake wa Miss World kumalizika, Cappagli alifanya kazi kama mwanamitindo. Mwaka [[1962]], alirekodi wimbo "Sexy World" na Armando Sciascia. Wimbo huo ulionyeshwa kwenye kipindi cha TV cha Velvet. Alifariki katika Hospitali ya Fernández huko Buenos Aires tarehe Desemba 22 2020 baada ya kugongwa na basi tarehe [[17 Desemba]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/espectaculos/tras-ser-atropellada-murio-norma-cappagli-primera-nid2548769|title=Tras ser atropellada, murió Norma Cappagli, la primera Miss Mundo que tuvo la Argentina |first1=Pablo |last1=Montagna |newspaper=[[La Nación]] |date=23 December 2020 |language=es |trans-title=After being run over, Norma Cappagli, the first Miss World that Argentina had, died}}</ref><ref>* {{Rejea habari |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/911210332.html?dids=911210332:911210332&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+09%2C+1960&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=Argentina+Girl%2C+21%2C+Chosen+Miss+World&pqatl=google |title=Argentina Girl, 21, Chosen Miss World |date=9 November 1960 |newspaper=[[Hartford Courant]] |access-date=7 July 2017 |archive-date=25 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025042634/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/911210332.html?dids=911210332:911210332&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+09,+1960&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=Argentina+Girl,+21,+Chosen+Miss+World&pqatl=google |url-status=dead }} * {{Rejea habari |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/367744025/ |title=Argentina Girl, 21, Chosen Miss World |date=9 November 1960 |newspaper=[[Hartford Courant]] |page=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |location=London |agency=[[Associated Press]] }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] 4l6g43ens8tg29m418scb4ncwrib7sv Erika Kokay 0 235429 1543812 2026-05-15T16:24:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Erika Jucá Kokay''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1957) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Ingawa alizaliwa katika jimbo la [[Ceará]], amejenga maisha yake ya kisiasa akiliwakilisha jimbo la [[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]] (Distrito Federal), akifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho tangu mwaka 2011.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title= ERIKA KOKAY – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160575/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|lan...' 1543812 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Erika Jucá Kokay''' (alizaliwa 15 Agosti 1957) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Ingawa alizaliwa katika jimbo la [[Ceará]], amejenga maisha yake ya kisiasa akiliwakilisha jimbo la [[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]] (Distrito Federal), akifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho tangu mwaka 2011.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title= ERIKA KOKAY – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160575/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|language=pt|accessdate=4 Juni 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160575 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1957||Kokay, Erika}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nbikqyhgau9jzzcshd8iwufjzp63mkr Lisa Hanna 0 235430 1543813 2026-05-15T16:30:41Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lisa Rene Shanti Hanna''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 20]], [[1975]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Jamaika]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1993]], na kuwa mtu wa jamaika wa tatu kushinda taji hilo. Mwanachama wa chama cha upinzani cha People's National Party. Hanna alihudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Saint Ann South East, na alikuwa Waziri wa Vijana na Utamaduni wa Jamaika kuanzia [[2012]] hadi [[2016]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=lisa hanna birthda...' 1543813 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lisa Rene Shanti Hanna''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 20]], [[1975]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Jamaika]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1993]], na kuwa mtu wa jamaika wa tatu kushinda taji hilo. Mwanachama wa chama cha upinzani cha People's National Party. Hanna alihudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Saint Ann South East, na alikuwa Waziri wa Vijana na Utamaduni wa Jamaika kuanzia [[2012]] hadi [[2016]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=lisa hanna birthday - Google Search|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=lisa+hanna+birthday|access-date=2020-07-13|website=www.google.com}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-11-08 |title=Mark Golding wins presidential race for opposition party in Jamaica |url=https://barbadostoday.bb/2020/11/08/mark-golding-wins-presidential-race-for-opposition-party-in-jamaica/ |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Barbados Today |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Jamaika]] gpxbvu1t2mm3ajffkykef9kpixg0apz 1543913 1543813 2026-05-15T19:44:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543913 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lisa Rene Shanti Hanna''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 20]], [[1975]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Jamaika]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1993]], na kuwa mtu wa jamaika wa tatu kushinda taji hilo. Mwanachama wa chama cha upinzani cha People's National Party. Hanna alihudumu kama [[Mbunge]] wa Saint Ann South East, na alikuwa Waziri wa Vijana na Utamaduni wa Jamaika kuanzia [[2012]] hadi [[2016]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=lisa hanna birthday - Google Search|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=lisa+hanna+birthday|access-date=2020-07-13|website=www.google.com}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |date=2020-11-08 |title=Mark Golding wins presidential race for opposition party in Jamaica |url=https://barbadostoday.bb/2020/11/08/mark-golding-wins-presidential-race-for-opposition-party-in-jamaica/ |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=Barbados Today |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Jamaika]] sl8mdb3tgt76uzefdi901guab1ad80n Symmy Larrat 0 235431 1543815 2026-05-15T16:35:05Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Symmy Larrat Brito de Carvalho''' (alizaliwa 25 Februari 1978) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]]. Kuanzia mwaka 2023, anafanya kazi kama Katibu wa Taifa wa Kukuza na Kulinda Haki za Watu wa LGBTQIA+, idara iliyo chini ya Wizara ya Haki za Binadamu na Uraia nchini Brazil. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gov.br/mdh/pt-br Tovuti Rasmi ya Wizara ya Haki za Binadamu na Uraia ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{...' 1543815 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Symmy Larrat Brito de Carvalho''' (alizaliwa 25 Februari 1978) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]]. Kuanzia mwaka 2023, anafanya kazi kama Katibu wa Taifa wa Kukuza na Kulinda Haki za Watu wa LGBTQIA+, idara iliyo chini ya Wizara ya Haki za Binadamu na Uraia nchini Brazil. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gov.br/mdh/pt-br Tovuti Rasmi ya Wizara ya Haki za Binadamu na Uraia ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978||Larrat, Symmy}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sn9z4atvh6yznvmuq3illf6rkmyi71n Gina Tolleson 0 235432 1543816 2026-05-15T16:38:21Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gina Marie Tolleson''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 26]], [[1969]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Marekani]] aliyetwaa taji la Miss World America 1990 na pia [[Miss World]] [[1990]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cbslimited.com/about.php |title=History of CB's Limited |access-date=2009-07-20 |archive-date=2015-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921103354/http://www.cbslimited.com/about.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="filmref">{{cite...' 1543816 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gina Marie Tolleson''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 26]], [[1969]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Marekani]] aliyetwaa taji la Miss World America 1990 na pia [[Miss World]] [[1990]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cbslimited.com/about.php |title=History of CB's Limited |access-date=2009-07-20 |archive-date=2015-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921103354/http://www.cbslimited.com/about.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="filmref">{{cite web|title=Alan Thicke Biography|publisher=FilmReference.com|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/3/Alan-Thicke.html|access-date=March 13, 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 81fsqdnnuutkf3haw5nrubfdslrk2dv 1543847 1543816 2026-05-15T17:59:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543847 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gina Marie Tolleson''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 26]], [[1969]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Marekani]] aliyetwaa taji la Miss World America 1990 na pia [[Miss World]] [[1990]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.cbslimited.com/about.php |title=History of CB's Limited |access-date=2009-07-20 |archive-date=2015-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150921103354/http://www.cbslimited.com/about.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="filmref">{{cite web|title=Alan Thicke Biography|publisher=FilmReference.com|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/3/Alan-Thicke.html|access-date=March 13, 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] doarp4x00mit70wp4qrrlvsp3n4v3sk Leandro de Jesus 0 235433 1543817 2026-05-15T16:42:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Leandro Silva De Jesus''' (alizaliwa 19 Novemba 1981 mjini [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]]) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]].<ref>(pt) [https://noticias.uol.com.br/eleicoes/2022/10/03/leandro-de-jesus-deputado-estadual.htm Bahia: Leandro de Jesus (PL) é eleito deputado estadual]</ref> Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika jimbo la [[Bahia]], akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Liberal Party]]...' 1543817 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Leandro Silva De Jesus''' (alizaliwa 19 Novemba 1981 mjini [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]]) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]].<ref>(pt) [https://noticias.uol.com.br/eleicoes/2022/10/03/leandro-de-jesus-deputado-estadual.htm Bahia: Leandro de Jesus (PL) é eleito deputado estadual]</ref> Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika jimbo la [[Bahia]], akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Liberal Party]] (PL). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alba.ba.gov.br/deputados/deputado-estadual/952 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Bahia (ALBA)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1981||Jesus, Leandro de}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tdx9e3h8ij2q1jfiblficcv04fc6zko Mariasela Álvarez 0 235434 1543818 2026-05-15T16:44:09Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mariasela Álvarez Lebrón''' (alizaliwa [[Januari 31]], [[1960]] huko [[Santo Domingo]]) ni mbunifu wa majengo , mtangazaji wa TV, na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Dominika]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1982]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Jamhuri ya Dominika kushinda taji la kimataifa la urembo. Álvarez alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika nchi yake.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoy |date=2026-02-17 |title=Mariasela Álvarez anuncia "Esta Noche Ma...' 1543818 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mariasela Álvarez Lebrón''' (alizaliwa [[Januari 31]], [[1960]] huko [[Santo Domingo]]) ni mbunifu wa majengo , mtangazaji wa TV, na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Dominika]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1982]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Jamhuri ya Dominika kushinda taji la kimataifa la urembo. Álvarez alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika nchi yake.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hoy |date=2026-02-17 |title=Mariasela Álvarez anuncia "Esta Noche Mariasela" saldrá al aire por última vez el 26 de febrero |url=https://hoy.com.do/vivir/alegria/mariasela-alvarez-anuncia-noche-mariasela-saldra-aire-ultima-vez-26-febrero_1076563.html |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Hoy Digital |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-16 |title=Mariasela Álvarez anuncia cierre de su programa tras 13 años |url=https://atardecer.com.do/mariasela-alvarez-anuncia-cierre-de-su-programa-tras-13-anos/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=atardecer.com.do |language=es}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Jamhuri ya Dominika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4kcj6gzm219m6xqolyxanw6cmnvo50c 1543920 1543818 2026-05-15T20:02:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543920 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mariasela Álvarez Lebrón''' (alizaliwa [[Januari 31]], [[1960]] huko [[Santo Domingo]]) ni mbunifu wa majengo , mtangazaji wa TV, na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Jamhuri ya Dominika]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1982]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza wa Jamhuri ya Dominika kushinda taji la kimataifa la urembo. Álvarez alipata umaarufu mkubwa katika nchi yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Hoy |date=2026-02-17 |title=Mariasela Álvarez anuncia "Esta Noche Mariasela" saldrá al aire por última vez el 26 de febrero |url=https://hoy.com.do/vivir/alegria/mariasela-alvarez-anuncia-noche-mariasela-saldra-aire-ultima-vez-26-febrero_1076563.html |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Hoy Digital |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2026-02-16 |title=Mariasela Álvarez anuncia cierre de su programa tras 13 años |url=https://atardecer.com.do/mariasela-alvarez-anuncia-cierre-de-su-programa-tras-13-anos/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=atardecer.com.do |language=es}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Jamhuri ya Dominika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 99s4xk6krb7dazp2bwrbvvjj10bhydq Celina Leão 0 235435 1543819 2026-05-15T16:47:12Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Celina Leão Hizim Ferreira''' (alizaliwa 2 Machi 1977) ni msimamizi wa biashara na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] aliungana na chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Menezes |first=Delmo |date=2016-02-22 |title=Agora é oficial: Celina Leão filia-se hoje ao PPS |url=https://agendacapital.com.br/agora-e-oficial-celina-leao-filia-se-hoje-ao-pps/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Agenda Capital |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Kwa sasa anafanya kama Gava...' 1543819 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Celina Leão Hizim Ferreira''' (alizaliwa 2 Machi 1977) ni msimamizi wa biashara na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] aliungana na chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Menezes |first=Delmo |date=2016-02-22 |title=Agora é oficial: Celina Leão filia-se hoje ao PPS |url=https://agendacapital.com.br/agora-e-oficial-celina-leao-filia-se-hoje-ao-pps/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Agenda Capital |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Kwa sasa anafanya kama Gavana wa Wilaya ya Shirikisho ([[Federal District (Brazil)|Distrito Federal]]), akichukua nafasi ya [[Ibaneis Rocha]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gdf.df.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Serikali ya Wilaya ya Shirikisho] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Leao, Celina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0ikkeqjd2l4ndzra2jbxj9x19vtwyec Silvana Suárez 0 235436 1543820 2026-05-15T16:50:40Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Silvana Rosa Suárez Clarence''' ([[Septemba 29]], [[1958]] – [[Oktoba 21]], [[2022]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Argentina]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1978]], akiwakilisha Argentina. Shindano lilifanyika London, Uingereza. Suárez alikuwa Mwanamke wa Argentina wa pili kushinda taji la Mrembo wa Dunia.<ref name="Suárez">{{Cite web|url=https://debeleer.com/silvana-suarez-a-20-anos-del-escandalo-en-la-mesa-de-mirtha-le...' 1543820 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvana Rosa Suárez Clarence''' ([[Septemba 29]], [[1958]] – [[Oktoba 21]], [[2022]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Argentina]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1978]], akiwakilisha Argentina. Shindano lilifanyika London, Uingereza. Suárez alikuwa Mwanamke wa Argentina wa pili kushinda taji la Mrembo wa Dunia.<ref name="Suárez">{{Cite web|url=https://debeleer.com/silvana-suarez-a-20-anos-del-escandalo-en-la-mesa-de-mirtha-legrand-de-miss-mundo-a-una-vida-espiritual-aislada-en-las-sierras/|title=Silvana Suárez, a 20 años del escándalo en la mesa de Mirtha Legrand: de Miss Mundo a una vida espiritual aislada en las sierras|date=2019-09-29|website=DebeLeer|language=es-MX|access-date=2020-01-03}}</ref><ref>[https://www.clarin.com/espectaculos/murio-silvana-suarez-ex-miss-mundo-argentina-dejo-plantada-mirtha-legrand-television_0_Vn7bpTOwbM.html Murió Silvana Suárez, la ex Miss Mundo de Argentina que dejó plantada a Mirtha Legrand en la televisión] {{in lang|es}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] 2ydhzbrxktjmbedvs2fbkykp8ndrsvm 1543980 1543820 2026-05-15T22:25:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543980 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvana Rosa Suárez Clarence''' ([[Septemba 29]], [[1958]] – [[Oktoba 21]], [[2022]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Argentina]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1978]], akiwakilisha Argentina. Shindano lilifanyika London, Uingereza. Suárez alikuwa Mwanamke wa Argentina wa pili kushinda taji la Mrembo wa Dunia.<ref name="Suárez">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://debeleer.com/silvana-suarez-a-20-anos-del-escandalo-en-la-mesa-de-mirtha-legrand-de-miss-mundo-a-una-vida-espiritual-aislada-en-las-sierras/|title=Silvana Suárez, a 20 años del escándalo en la mesa de Mirtha Legrand: de Miss Mundo a una vida espiritual aislada en las sierras|date=2019-09-29|website=DebeLeer|language=es-MX|access-date=2020-01-03}}</ref><ref>[https://www.clarin.com/espectaculos/murio-silvana-suarez-ex-miss-mundo-argentina-dejo-plantada-mirtha-legrand-television_0_Vn7bpTOwbM.html Murió Silvana Suárez, la ex Miss Mundo de Argentina que dejó plantada a Mirtha Legrand en la televisión] {{in lang|es}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] go0kqia3ap8q5t40cs75469l5vkb5hh 1544107 1543980 2026-05-16T05:37:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544107 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvana Rosa Suárez Clarence''' ([[Septemba 29]], [[1958]] – [[Oktoba 21]], [[2022]]) alikuwa [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Argentina]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1978]], akiwakilisha Argentina. Shindano lilifanyika London, Uingereza. Suárez alikuwa Mwanamke wa Argentina wa pili kushinda taji la Mrembo wa Dunia.<ref name="Suárez">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://debeleer.com/silvana-suarez-a-20-anos-del-escandalo-en-la-mesa-de-mirtha-legrand-de-miss-mundo-a-una-vida-espiritual-aislada-en-las-sierras/|title=Silvana Suárez, a 20 años del escándalo en la mesa de Mirtha Legrand: de Miss Mundo a una vida espiritual aislada en las sierras|date=2019-09-29|website=DebeLeer|language=es-MX|access-date=2020-01-03|archive-date=2020-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103224435/https://debeleer.com/silvana-suarez-a-20-anos-del-escandalo-en-la-mesa-de-mirtha-legrand-de-miss-mundo-a-una-vida-espiritual-aislada-en-las-sierras/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://www.clarin.com/espectaculos/murio-silvana-suarez-ex-miss-mundo-argentina-dejo-plantada-mirtha-legrand-television_0_Vn7bpTOwbM.html Murió Silvana Suárez, la ex Miss Mundo de Argentina que dejó plantada a Mirtha Legrand en la televisión] {{in lang|es}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] d67hc2lksjbk3fgwf5rad92g1sosw7c Mary Stävin 0 235437 1543821 2026-05-15T16:55:06Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mary Ann-Catrin Stävin''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 20]], [[1957]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Uswidi]]. Alishinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1977]] na alionekana katika filamu za [[James Bond]] ''Octopussy'' ([[1983]]) na ''A View to a Kill'' ([[1985]]).<ref name=reff>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-01|title=A View To A Kill's Ski Chase|url=https://www.007.com/a-view-to-a-kills-ski-chase/|access-date=2021-05-22|website=James Bond 007|language=en-US}}</re...' 1543821 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Ann-Catrin Stävin''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 20]], [[1957]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Uswidi]]. Alishinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1977]] na alionekana katika filamu za [[James Bond]] ''Octopussy'' ([[1983]]) na ''A View to a Kill'' ([[1985]]).<ref name=reff>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-01|title=A View To A Kill's Ski Chase|url=https://www.007.com/a-view-to-a-kills-ski-chase/|access-date=2021-05-22|website=James Bond 007|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>Juroe, Charles (2018). ''Bond, the Beatles and My Year with Marilyn''. p. 199.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uswidi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uswidi]] fkamfj6tovf1h0b1dajv0qtdmbilbtk 1543921 1543821 2026-05-15T20:06:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543921 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Ann-Catrin Stävin''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 20]], [[1957]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[Uswidi]]. Alishinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1977]] na alionekana katika filamu za [[James Bond]] ''Octopussy'' ([[1983]]) na ''A View to a Kill'' ([[1985]]).<ref name=reff>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-08-01|title=A View To A Kill's Ski Chase|url=https://www.007.com/a-view-to-a-kills-ski-chase/|access-date=2021-05-22|website=James Bond 007|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>Juroe, Charles (2018). ''Bond, the Beatles and My Year with Marilyn''. p. 199.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uswidi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uswidi]] 99a4y210vwuqkd7gmrmh3b1fcdu4kjw Billy Betts 0 235438 1543822 2026-05-15T16:55:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Betts''' (26 Machi 1864 – 8 Agosti 1941) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye aliichezea The Wednesday, pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England (England). Betts alicheza katika nafasi ya centre-half na alicheza jumla ya mechi 143 katika vipindi viwili tofauti akiwa na The Wednesday, akifunga mabao manne.<ref name="Wednesday Boys">{{cite book |last=Dickinson |first=Jason |last2=Brodie|first2= John |title=The Wednesda...' 1543822 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Betts''' (26 Machi 1864 – 8 Agosti 1941) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye aliichezea The Wednesday, pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England (England). Betts alicheza katika nafasi ya centre-half na alicheza jumla ya mechi 143 katika vipindi viwili tofauti akiwa na The Wednesday, akifunga mabao manne.<ref name="Wednesday Boys">{{cite book |last=Dickinson |first=Jason |last2=Brodie|first2= John |title=The Wednesday Boys: A Definitive Who's Who of Sheffield Wednesday Football Club 1880–2005 |publisher=Pickard Communication |location=Sheffield |year=2005 |pages=23–24 |isbn= 0-9547264-9-9}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * {{Englandstats}} * [[http://www.thefa.com/england/seniorteam/archive/?i=7082&pf=p&searchname=Betts&ap=p](http://www.thefa.com/england/seniorteam/archive/?i=7082&pf=p&searchname=Betts&ap=p) Wasifu wa mchezaji katika FA.com] * [[http://www.adrianbullock.com/swfc/stats/play0038.htm](http://www.adrianbullock.com/swfc/stats/play0038.htm) Wasifu wa mchezaji katika Sheffield Wednesday Archive] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1864|1941}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] gdyhj1o8ne1z786pkyi1bc4iobwisvy Morton Betts 0 235441 1543827 2026-05-15T17:00:38Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Morton Peto Betts''' (30 Agosti 1847 – 19 Aprili 1914)<ref>{{England Football Online|ref=y|access-date=15 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mwanamichezo mashuhuri wa Kiingereza wa mwishoni mwa karne ya 19. Alifahamika kwa kufunga bao la kwanza katika fainali ya Kombe la FA nchini [[Uingereza]]. == Maisha ya awali == Betts alikuwa mtoto wa Edward Betts wa Preston Hall, Aylesford, mkandarasi wa uhandisi wa kiraia, na Ann Betts, aliyezaliwa kwa jina la Peto...' 1543827 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Morton Peto Betts''' (30 Agosti 1847 – 19 Aprili 1914)<ref>{{England Football Online|ref=y|access-date=15 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mwanamichezo mashuhuri wa Kiingereza wa mwishoni mwa karne ya 19. Alifahamika kwa kufunga bao la kwanza katika fainali ya Kombe la FA nchini [[Uingereza]]. == Maisha ya awali == Betts alikuwa mtoto wa Edward Betts wa Preston Hall, Aylesford, mkandarasi wa uhandisi wa kiraia, na Ann Betts, aliyezaliwa kwa jina la Peto.<ref name=carlaw43>Carlaw, Derek ''Kent County Cricketers A to Z. Part One: 1806–1914'', pp.43–44. ([[https://archive.acscricket.com/books/Kent_Cricketers_A_to_Z_Part_One.pdf](https://archive.acscricket.com/books/Kent_Cricketers_A_to_Z_Part_One.pdf) Available online] at the [[Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians]]. Retrieved 2020-06-02.)</ref><ref name=ambrose>Ambrose D [[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Articles/0/625.html](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Articles/0/625.html) Brief profile of M.P.Betts], CricketArchive. Retrieved 2017-03-26. {{subscription required}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1847|1914}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] jd5vy6jexbt9yybgebknzp0j4cdyxpu Teresa Leitão 0 235442 1543828 2026-05-15T17:05:25Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Teresa Leitão de Melo''' (alizaliwa 7 Oktoba 1951), anajulikana zaidi kama '''Teresa Leitão''', ni mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Tangu mwaka 2023, amekuwa akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] katika Federal Senate (Brazil) Seneti ya Shirikisho.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-03 |title=Teresa Leitão, do PT, é eleita a primeira mulher senadora da história de Pernambuco |url=h...' 1543828 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Teresa Leitão de Melo''' (alizaliwa 7 Oktoba 1951), anajulikana zaidi kama '''Teresa Leitão''', ni mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Tangu mwaka 2023, amekuwa akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] katika Federal Senate (Brazil) Seneti ya Shirikisho.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-03 |title=Teresa Leitão, do PT, é eleita a primeira mulher senadora da história de Pernambuco |url=https://g1.globo.com/pe/pernambuco/eleicoes/2022/noticia/2022/10/02/teresa-leitao-do-pt-e-eleita-a-primeira-mulher-senadora-da-historia-de-pernambuco.ghtml |website=G1 |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/6016 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1951||Leitao, Teresa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] im0615mhemxtnsy691jjvp8od4knedx 1543987 1543828 2026-05-15T22:41:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543987 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Teresa Leitão de Melo''' (alizaliwa 7 Oktoba 1951), anajulikana zaidi kama '''Teresa Leitão''', ni mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Tangu mwaka 2023, amekuwa akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] katika Federal Senate (Brazil) Seneti ya Shirikisho.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-10-03 |title=Teresa Leitão, do PT, é eleita a primeira mulher senadora da história de Pernambuco |url=https://g1.globo.com/pe/pernambuco/eleicoes/2022/noticia/2022/10/02/teresa-leitao-do-pt-e-eleita-a-primeira-mulher-senadora-da-historia-de-pernambuco.ghtml |website=G1 |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/6016 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1951||Leitao, Teresa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mf9dxaaaatigglr5j89rqiasecrp2cg Joe Beverley 0 235443 1543829 2026-05-15T17:06:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joseph Beverley''' (12 Novemba 1856 – 21 Mei 1897) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka England (soka) aliyeshinda FA Cup na kuchezea Blackburn Olympic F.C., Blackburn Rovers, pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England ([England). == Kazi == === Klabu === Beverley alianza kucheza soka akiwa na James Street F.C. na aliendelea nayo ilipoungana na Black Star kuunda Blackburn Olympic. Alijiunga na Blackburn Rovers mwezi Oktoba 1882 na kushinda FA Cup mwaka...' 1543829 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Beverley''' (12 Novemba 1856 – 21 Mei 1897) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka England (soka) aliyeshinda FA Cup na kuchezea Blackburn Olympic F.C., Blackburn Rovers, pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England ([England). == Kazi == === Klabu === Beverley alianza kucheza soka akiwa na James Street F.C. na aliendelea nayo ilipoungana na Black Star kuunda Blackburn Olympic. Alijiunga na Blackburn Rovers mwezi Oktoba 1882 na kushinda FA Cup mwaka 1884. Baadaye alirudi Blackburn Olympic kabla ya kuhamia tena Blackburn Rovers mwaka 1887, jambo lililomfanya kuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki msimu wa kwanza wa Football League mwaka 1888-89 . Baada ya hapo alihitimisha maisha yake ya soka.<ref name="efoBeverley">{{cite web|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBeverleyJ.html|title=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBeverleyJ.html|title=England) Players - Joe Beverley|website=englandfootballonline.com|date=23 Julai 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Metcalf|first=Mark|title=The Origins of the Football League|year=2013|publisher=Amberley|isbn=978-1-4456-1881-4}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1856|1897}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 8opy7bym4khmvip522uyclufb2mexma 1543830 1543829 2026-05-15T17:07:28Z Valuegirl 87699 1543830 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Beverley''' (12 Novemba 1856 – 21 Mei 1897) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyeshinda FA Cup na kuchezea Blackburn Olympic F.C., Blackburn Rovers, pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England ([England). == Kazi == === Klabu === Beverley alianza kucheza soka akiwa na James Street F.C. na aliendelea nayo ilipoungana na Black Star kuunda Blackburn Olympic. Alijiunga na Blackburn Rovers mwezi Oktoba 1882 na kushinda FA Cup mwaka 1884. Baadaye alirudi Blackburn Olympic kabla ya kuhamia tena Blackburn Rovers mwaka 1887, jambo lililomfanya kuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki msimu wa kwanza wa Football League mwaka 1888-89 . Baada ya hapo alihitimisha maisha yake ya soka.<ref name="efoBeverley">{{cite web|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBeverleyJ.html|title=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBeverleyJ.html|title=England) Players - Joe Beverley|website=englandfootballonline.com|date=23 Julai 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Metcalf|first=Mark|title=The Origins of the Football League|year=2013|publisher=Amberley|isbn=978-1-4456-1881-4}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1856|1897}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] lha0nm6khezzp3voczzkszgm9ghso3n Jussara Lima 0 235444 1543831 2026-05-15T17:10:41Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antônia Jussara Gomes Alves de Sousa Lima''' (alizaliwa 5 Desemba 1960) ni mwanasosholojia na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Seneta kutoka jimbo la [[Piauí]]. Amekuwa katika nafasi hiyo tangu mwaka 2023, akichukua nafasi ya [[Wellington Dias (politician)|Wellington Dias]] aliyeteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Jamii na Mapambano dhidi ya Njaa.<ref name="senate">{{cite web|url=https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/materias/2023/02/07/juss...' 1543831 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antônia Jussara Gomes Alves de Sousa Lima''' (alizaliwa 5 Desemba 1960) ni mwanasosholojia na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Seneta kutoka jimbo la [[Piauí]]. Amekuwa katika nafasi hiyo tangu mwaka 2023, akichukua nafasi ya [[Wellington Dias (politician)|Wellington Dias]] aliyeteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Jamii na Mapambano dhidi ya Njaa.<ref name="senate">{{cite web|url=https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/materias/2023/02/07/jussara-lima-assume-mandato-no-senado-na-vaga-de-wellington-dias|title=Jussara Lima assume mandato no Senado na vaga de Wellington Dias|publisher=Agência Senado|date=7 Februari 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/6369 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||Lima, Jussara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] n3kefv7hgjc1lorwq36zw8sftgcnh5n Robeyoncé Lima 0 235445 1543833 2026-05-15T17:21:36Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Robeyoncé Lima''' (alizaliwa 1989) ni mwanasheria, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) kwa ajili ya jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] mwaka 2018, akiwa mwanamke trans (transgender) wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo katika historia ya jimbo hilo.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Activism is Survival for Brazilian Trans Women|url=https://msmagazine.com/2019/08/01/activism-is-survival-for-brazilian-trans-women/|web...' 1543833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robeyoncé Lima''' (alizaliwa 1989) ni mwanasheria, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) kwa ajili ya jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] mwaka 2018, akiwa mwanamke trans (transgender) wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo katika historia ya jimbo hilo.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Activism is Survival for Brazilian Trans Women|url=https://msmagazine.com/2019/08/01/activism-is-survival-for-brazilian-trans-women/|website=Ms. Magazine|date=Agosti 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.pe.leg.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Pernambuco (ALEPE)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1989||Lima, Robeyonce}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5sdn3ffrl1g2l3vis960s4yf2l44htp 1543972 1543833 2026-05-15T22:05:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543972 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Robeyoncé Lima''' (alizaliwa 1989) ni mwanasheria, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) kwa ajili ya jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] mwaka 2018, akiwa mwanamke trans (transgender) wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo katika historia ya jimbo hilo.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Activism is Survival for Brazilian Trans Women|url=https://msmagazine.com/2019/08/01/activism-is-survival-for-brazilian-trans-women/|website=Ms. Magazine|date=Agosti 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.pe.leg.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Pernambuco (ALEPE)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1989||Lima, Robeyonce}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nzwlkqiv51m3us2lwd3ovylydfe0exp Ana Paula Lobato 0 235446 1543835 2026-05-15T17:26:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Paula Dias Lobato Nova Alves''' (alizaliwa 11 Mei 1984) ni mwuguzi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Seneta kutoka jimbo la [[Maranhão]] tangu mwaka 2023. Amekuwa seneta wa kudumu baada ya aliyekuwa seneta wa kiti hicho, [[Flávio Dino]], kuteuliwa kuwa Jaji wa Mahakama ya Juu ya Shirikisho (STF).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/materias/2023/02/02/tres-suplentes-tomam-posse-em-substituicao-a-senadores-que-assum...' 1543835 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Paula Dias Lobato Nova Alves''' (alizaliwa 11 Mei 1984) ni mwuguzi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Seneta kutoka jimbo la [[Maranhão]] tangu mwaka 2023. Amekuwa seneta wa kudumu baada ya aliyekuwa seneta wa kiti hicho, [[Flávio Dino]], kuteuliwa kuwa Jaji wa Mahakama ya Juu ya Shirikisho (STF).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/materias/2023/02/02/tres-suplentes-tomam-posse-em-substituicao-a-senadores-que-assumiram-ministerios|title=Três suplentes tomam posse em substituição a senadores que assumiram ministérios|publisher=Agência Senado|date=2 Februari 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/6361 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984||Lobato, Ana Paula}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4z3cftagu0x19wbrv9z1k3tyytjty6u Adriane Lopes 0 235447 1543837 2026-05-15T17:31:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Adriane Barbosa Nogueira Lopes''' (alizaliwa 29 Juni 1976) ni mwanasiasa, mwanasheria, mwanateolojia, mjasiriamali, na afisa wa zamani wa usalama wa umma nchini [[Brazil]]. Anafanya kazi kama [[Meya wa Campo Grande]] tangu mwaka 2022 na aliweka historia mwaka 2024 kwa kuchaguliwa tena, akawa mwanamke wa kwanza katika historia ya mji huo kuchaguliwa na wananchi kuwa mkuu wa mhimili wa utendaji. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https:/...' 1543837 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adriane Barbosa Nogueira Lopes''' (alizaliwa 29 Juni 1976) ni mwanasiasa, mwanasheria, mwanateolojia, mjasiriamali, na afisa wa zamani wa usalama wa umma nchini [[Brazil]]. Anafanya kazi kama [[Meya wa Campo Grande]] tangu mwaka 2022 na aliweka historia mwaka 2024 kwa kuchaguliwa tena, akawa mwanamke wa kwanza katika historia ya mji huo kuchaguliwa na wananchi kuwa mkuu wa mhimili wa utendaji. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.campogrande.ms.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Halmashauri ya Campo Grande] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Lopes, Adriane}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tc2pgt7uerjd3jc14fqf7aysahldugd Mohamed Salah Mzali 0 235448 1543838 2026-05-15T17:37:41Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543838 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Salah Mzali''' (11 Februari 1896 – 22 Novemba 1984) alikuwa mwalimu, mwanahistoria na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Tunisia kwa kipindi kifupi mwaka 1954 chini ya utawala wa Muhammad VIII al-Amin. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1896]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1984]] d7k1sevmdr8pyg65xd53cq9zgc4u0os 1543839 1543838 2026-05-15T17:38:36Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543839 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Salah Mzali''' (11 Februari 1896 – 22 Novemba 1984) alikuwa mwalimu, mwanahistoria na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Tunisia kwa kipindi kifupi mwaka 1954 chini ya utawala wa Muhammad VIII al-Amin.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RE8NtAEACAAJ&q=Mohamed+Salah+Mzali|title=L'hérédité dans la dynastie husseinite: evolutions et violationis|last=Mzali|first=Mohamed-Salah|last2=Mzali|first2=Muhammad Salah|date=1969|publisher=Maison Tunisienne de l'Edition|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1896]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1984]] 3qtx1mu4z64iru9ssms5ryao5moibmf 1543933 1543839 2026-05-15T20:33:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543933 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Salah Mzali''' (11 Februari 1896 – 22 Novemba 1984) alikuwa mwalimu, mwanahistoria na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri Mkuu wa Tunisia kwa kipindi kifupi mwaka 1954 chini ya utawala wa Muhammad VIII al-Amin.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RE8NtAEACAAJ&q=Mohamed+Salah+Mzali|title=L'hérédité dans la dynastie husseinite: evolutions et violationis|last=Mzali|first=Mohamed-Salah|last2=Mzali|first2=Muhammad Salah|date=1969|publisher=Maison Tunisienne de l'Edition|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1896]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1984]] 5fu5u1ya4vh6675nogl1v514nunjtwt Zakaria Ben Mustapha 0 235449 1543840 2026-05-15T17:43:00Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543840 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zakaria Ben Mustapha''' (7 Julai 1925 – 4 Juni 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/27241-l-ancien-ministre-de-la-culture-et-maire-de-tunis-zakaria-ben-mustapha-est-decede|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni kuanzia 1987 hadi 1988, na pia alikuwa Meya wa Tunis kuanzia 1980 hadi 1986. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] pum13m6o0hn53ppr2njoy0qnqlmsyhw 1544033 1543840 2026-05-16T01:03:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544033 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zakaria Ben Mustapha''' (7 Julai 1925 – 4 Juni 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/27241-l-ancien-ministre-de-la-culture-et-maire-de-tunis-zakaria-ben-mustapha-est-decede|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni kuanzia 1987 hadi 1988, na pia alikuwa Meya wa Tunis kuanzia 1980 hadi 1986. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] 450dfegt4102le0tsz6m5bjzobs74za Mustafa ibn Mahmud 0 235450 1543845 2026-05-15T17:53:39Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543845 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zakaria''' '''Ben''' '''Mustapha''' (7 Julai 1925 – 4 Juni 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni kuanzia 1987 hadi 1988, na pia alikuwa Meya wa Tunis kuanzia 1980 hadi 1986.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cslsCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA147|title=Economic Thinking of Arab Muslim Writers During the Nineteenth Century|last=Islahi|first=Abdul Azim|date=2016-01-20|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-55321-8|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1780]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1837]] oe1k7gnkapaxp9hz7x1i6q6su3et5ro 1543949 1543845 2026-05-15T21:17:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543949 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zakaria''' '''Ben''' '''Mustapha''' (7 Julai 1925 – 4 Juni 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni kuanzia 1987 hadi 1988, na pia alikuwa Meya wa Tunis kuanzia 1980 hadi 1986.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cslsCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA147|title=Economic Thinking of Arab Muslim Writers During the Nineteenth Century|last=Islahi|first=Abdul Azim|date=2016-01-20|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-55321-8|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1780]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1837]] qgxouyuyvay4bx9lgrsdhqq8po5jj98 Muhammad I ar-Rashid 0 235451 1543850 2026-05-15T18:01:53Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543850 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad''' I '''ar'''-'''Rachid''' (Kiarabu: محمد الأول الرشيد), anayejulikana pia kama Rachid Bey (Kiarabu: رشيد باي; 1710 – 12 Februari 1759), alikuwa kiongozi wa tatu wa nasaba ya Husainid dynasty na mtawala wa [[Tunisia]] kuanzia mwaka 1756 hadi alipofariki.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muhammad bin Rashid bin Hussein Al Rashid (Differently)|url=https://althistory.fandom.com/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Rashid_bin_Hussein_Al_Rashid_(Differently)|work=Alternative History|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Muhammad bin Rashid Governor of Kuwait Reign 12 April 1965-4 April 1966 Predecessor Ibrahim bin Awad bin Al Ajman Successor Rashid bin Muhammad bin Rashid Arabian Ambassador to Byzantium Reign 5 February 1950- 12 April 1965 Predecessor Sa'id bin Badr Al Thunayan Successor Fawaz bin Ubaid bin Ali Director of the Arabian Intelligence ForceReign 1 January 1942- 5 February 1950 Predecessor Office established Successor Abdul Majid Al Shammari Born 1901 Kuwait City, Kingdom of Hejaz Died 4 April 1966Al Kabir Palace, Kuwait City, Arabia Spouse Badia bint Halim bin Ali Al RashidIssue 10, includingPrince HusseinPrince RashidPrincess MahlaPrince HalimPrincess LatifaPrincess LuluwahPrincess JawaherPrincess Al AnoudPrince ShakhbutPrince Nawaf}}</ref> Mwanawe alikuwa Mahmud ibn Muhammad. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1710]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1759]] dc0vf3b6k5147duvlj27llxmhbs8m80 1543948 1543850 2026-05-15T21:16:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543948 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad''' I '''ar'''-'''Rachid''' (Kiarabu: محمد الأول الرشيد), anayejulikana pia kama Rachid Bey (Kiarabu: رشيد باي; 1710 – 12 Februari 1759), alikuwa kiongozi wa tatu wa nasaba ya Husainid dynasty na mtawala wa [[Tunisia]] kuanzia mwaka 1756 hadi alipofariki.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Muhammad bin Rashid bin Hussein Al Rashid (Differently)|url=https://althistory.fandom.com/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Rashid_bin_Hussein_Al_Rashid_(Differently)|work=Alternative History|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Muhammad bin Rashid Governor of Kuwait Reign 12 April 1965-4 April 1966 Predecessor Ibrahim bin Awad bin Al Ajman Successor Rashid bin Muhammad bin Rashid Arabian Ambassador to Byzantium Reign 5 February 1950- 12 April 1965 Predecessor Sa'id bin Badr Al Thunayan Successor Fawaz bin Ubaid bin Ali Director of the Arabian Intelligence ForceReign 1 January 1942- 5 February 1950 Predecessor Office established Successor Abdul Majid Al Shammari Born 1901 Kuwait City, Kingdom of Hejaz Died 4 April 1966Al Kabir Palace, Kuwait City, Arabia Spouse Badia bint Halim bin Ali Al RashidIssue 10, includingPrince HusseinPrince RashidPrincess MahlaPrince HalimPrincess LatifaPrincess LuluwahPrincess JawaherPrincess Al AnoudPrince ShakhbutPrince Nawaf}}</ref> Mwanawe alikuwa Mahmud ibn Muhammad. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1710]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1759]] nydd7u7yhmvnzeijhsfow9ltyjkdfti Laroussi Mizouri 0 235452 1543852 2026-05-15T18:07:30Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543852 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laroussi Mizouri''' (amezaliwa 6 Mei 1950) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].[1] Aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Dini katika serikali ya Mohamed Ghannouchi.<ref>{{Citation|title=Biographie de M. Laroussi Mizouri, ministre des Affaires religieuses|url=https://www.businessnews.com.tn/article,525,23103,1|work=www.businessnews.com.tn|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] qlekqn6m791zwjv7d2aj2i6bybazf53 Craig Mack 0 235453 1543853 2026-05-15T18:12:22Z Muddyb 379 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Craig Mack | picha = Criag Mack.jpg | maelezo = | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Craig Jamieson Mack | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date|1970|5|10}} | chimbuko = [[The Bronx]], [[New York City]], Marekani | kazi yake = Rapa, mwandishi wa nyimbo, mtayarishaji wa muziki | miaka ya kazi = 1988–2006, 2012–2018 | studio = Mack World, Bad B...' 1543853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = Craig Mack | picha = Criag Mack.jpg | maelezo = | background = solo_singer | jina la kuzaliwa = Craig Jamieson Mack | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{Birth date|1970|5|10}} | chimbuko = [[The Bronx]], [[New York City]], Marekani | kazi yake = Rapa, mwandishi wa nyimbo, mtayarishaji wa muziki | miaka ya kazi = 1988–2006, 2012–2018 | studio = Mack World, [[Bad Boy Records|Bad Boy]], [[Scotti Brothers Records|Scotti Brothers]], Street Life, Def Squad, [[Arista Records|Arista]] | ameshirikiana na = [[Sean Combs]], [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], [[Busta Rhymes]], [[EPMD]] | wavuti = }} '''Craig Jamieson Mack''' (Mei 10, 1970 – Machi 12, 2018) alikuwa rapa kutoka nchini Marekani. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kipindi chake alichofanya kazi na lebo ya [[Bad Boy Records]], ambapo alitoa wimbo wake uliotamba wa mwaka 1994 "[[Flava in Ya Ear]]", ulioshika nafasi ya kumi bora kwenye chati za [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]. Wimbo huo ulitangulia kutoka kwa albamu yake ya kwanza ya studio ya ''[[Project: Funk Da World]]'' (1994), ambayo ilitoa wimbo wake wa pili ulioingia kwenye 40 bora, "[[Get Down (wimbo wa Craig Mack)|Get Down]]". Albamu yake ya pili ya ''[[Operation: Get Down]]'' (1997) ilitolewa chini ya lebo ya [[Scotti Brothers Records]]. Baadaye katika maisha yake, Mack alijiunga na huduma ya kidini ya [[Overcomer Ministry]] huko South Carolina.<ref name=":5" /> Mack alifariki dunia mnamo mwaka 2018 kwa ugonjwa wa [[UKIMWI]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 47.<ref name=":4" /> == Maisha ya awali == Craig Jamieson Mack alizaliwa mnamo Mei 10, 1970<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Caramanica|first=Jon|date=March 13, 2018|title=Craig Mack, 'Flava in Ya Ear' Rapper, Is Dead at 47|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/13/obituaries/craig-mack-flava-in-ya-ear-dead.html|access-date=October 5, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=March 14, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180314060429/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/13/obituaries/craig-mack-flava-in-ya-ear-dead.html|url-status=live}}</ref> katika eneo la [[The Bronx]],<ref>{{cite magazine |date=March 13, 2018 |title=Craig Mack, 'Flava in Ya Ear' Rapper, Dead at 47 |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/craig-mack-flava-in-ya-ear-rapper-dead-at-47-127656/ |access-date=May 28, 2019 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |publisher= |archive-date=May 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529053515/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/craig-mack-flava-in-ya-ear-rapper-dead-at-47-127656/ |url-status=live }}</ref> na kulelewa huko [[Brentwood, New York|Brentwood]], [[Long Island]].<ref name=":0" /> == Kazi ya muziki == Alianza kuchana akiwa kijana mdogo akitumia jina la MC EZ. Wimbo wake wa kwanza, "Get Retarded", ulitolewa mwaka 1988 kupitia lebo ya [[Fresh Records (US)|Fresh Records]]. Wimbo huo ulisindikizwa na kuandikwa kama MC EZ & Troup. Mack alikuja kuwa rafiki wa kundi la hip hop la Long Island lililoitwa [[EPMD]] na baada ya muda alisafiri nao kwenye ziara zao za kimuziki akifanya kazi kama msaidizi wa jukwaani. Baada ya miaka michache bila mafanikio makubwa kwenye kazi yake ya kurekodi na kuvunjika kwa kundi la EPMD, Mack alichangamkia fursa iliyotengenezwa na Alvin Toney, iliyomwezesha kumchania mtayarishaji [[Sean Combs]]. Mack alichana mistari ya papo kwa papo mbele ya Combs kama njia ya kuonyesha uwezo wake nje ya klabu moja huko Manhattan.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Izadi |first=Elahe |date=March 14, 2018 |title=Craig Mack: 1971-2018 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune-craig-mack/92948796/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US |agency=The Washington Post}}</ref> Baada ya hapo, Mack alifanikiwa kupata mkataba wa kurekodi na lebo mpya ya Combs iliyokuwa imeanzishwa hivi karibuni ya [[Bad Boy Records]], kwa msaada wa rafiki zake [[Busta Rhymes]], Len Len, Scenario na Sande Kodwaney. Mack anajulikana zaidi kwa wimbo wake uliotamba sana wa mwaka 1994 "[[Flava in Ya Ear]]", uliotolewa chini ya jina lake halisi. Toleo mseto la wimbo huo lilikuwa ndilo dhihirisho la kwanza kubwa la rapa [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], pamoja na kuonekana kwa mara ya kwanza kwa [[Busta Rhymes]] kama msanii wa kujitegemea.<ref name= ":1">{{Cite web|last=Thompson|first=Paul|date=March 13, 2018|title=Remembering Craig Mack, Bad Boy's Forgotten First Success Story|url=https://www.vulture.com/2018/03/craig-mack-bad-boys-rap-obituary.html|access-date=October 5, 2020|website=[[Vulture.com]]|language=en-us|archive-date=October 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009164415/https://www.vulture.com/2018/03/craig-mack-bad-boys-rap-obituary.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Licha ya kwamba kisheria Mack alikuwa rapa wa kwanza kabisa kutoa muziki kupitia Bad Boy Records,<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=March 19, 2018|title=How Craig Mack helped secure Bad Boy Records' place in hip-hop history|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/craig-mack-dead-died-new-york-hip-hop-rapper-bad-boy-records-sean-combs-puff-dad-notorious-b-i-g-a8263131.html|access-date=October 5, 2020|website=[[The Independent]]|language=en|archive-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008190246/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/craig-mack-dead-died-new-york-hip-hop-rapper-bad-boy-records-sean-combs-puff-dad-notorious-b-i-g-a8263131.html|url-status=live}}</ref> mafanikio makubwa ya albamu ya kwanza ya The Notorious B.I.G. ya ''[[Ready to Die]]'', iliyotoka wiki moja kabisa kabla ya albamu ya kwanza ya Mack ya ''[[Project: Funk da World]]'', yalifunika mafanikio ya awali ya Mack kwenye lebo hiyo.<ref name=":1" /> Ingawa Sean Combs alitaja kwenye mahojiano ya mwaka 1994 kupitia kipindi cha [[MTV]] cha ''[[Yo! MTV Raps]]'' kwamba alikuwa akifanya kazi na Mack kwa ajili ya albamu yake ya pili iliyotarajiwa kutoka mnamo Januari 1995, jambo hilo halikutokea. Akiwa amehudhuria mahojiano hayo, ambayo pia yalimjumuisha The Notorious B.I.G., Mack alionekana kushangazwa na kauli hiyo. Mnamo mwaka 1997, Mack alitoa albamu ya pili nje ya lebo ya Bad Boy. Hakuna wimbo hata mmoja ulioingia kwenye chati na Mack alishindwa kurudia mafanikio yake ya awali. Kwenye mahojiano fulani, The Notorious B.I.G. alisema alionekana kwenye remix ya "Flava in Ya Ear" kwa sababu za kimaslahi ya kisiasa ya Combs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVv4zGLTsek&t=113 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/LVv4zGLTsek |archive-date=December 13, 2021 |url-status=live|title=Notorious BIG With Lil Cease Interview (Throwback Footage) |date=April 20, 2009 |via= YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1995, Combs aliliambia jarida la ''[[The New York Times]]'' kwamba "Craig ni kama [[George Clinton (mwanamuziki wa funk)|George Clinton]] wa hip-hop, kwa sababu kazi zake huwa hazitabiriki kabisa."<ref name=":0" /> Baada ya majaribio kadhaa ya kutaka kurudi kwenye chati mapema miaka ya 2000, ilisemekana kuwa Mack alikuwa akifanya kazi kwenye albamu yake ya tatu ya studio mnamo mwaka 2002, ambayo ilipangwa kutoka mwaka 2007. Mnamo mwaka 2002, Mack alionekana kwenye video ya wimbo wa Puffy wa "[[I Need a Girl (Sehemu ya Kwanza)|I Need a Girl (Part One)]]".<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 3, 2016 |title=P. Diddy [feat. Usher & Loon] – I Need A Girl Part 1 (Official Music Video) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXYb1OMhwBA |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/zXYb1OMhwBA |archive-date=December 13, 2021 |access-date=November 19, 2020 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Wimbo wa pekee wa "Mack Tonight" ulitolewa kwa ajili ya albamu hiyo mnamo mwaka 2006. Mack alipotea kabisa kwenye tasnia ya hip hop hadi mwaka 2012, ambapo video moja ilivuja kwenye mtandao wa YouTube ikionyesha kuwa amejitolea kwenye huduma ya kanisa la Kikristo, jambo lililowashangaza ndugu na mashabiki zake.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Is Craig Mack Part Of A Religious Cult?|url=https://theurbandaily.com/1819075/craig-mack-joins-religious-cult/|access-date=October 5, 2020|website=theurbandaily.com|date=March 9, 2012|archive-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008060911/https://theurbandaily.com/1819075/craig-mack-joins-religious-cult/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=r/hiphopheads – Wait, so hold up, did Craig Mack join a doomsday cult? |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/hiphopheads/comments/3nzk9t/wait_so_hold_up_did_craig_mack_join_a_doomsday/ |access-date=October 5, 2020 |website=[[reddit]].com |date=October 8, 2015 |language=en-US |archive-date=June 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604194335/https://www.reddit.com/r/hiphopheads/comments/3nzk9t/wait_so_hold_up_did_craig_mack_join_a_doomsday/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 2012 hadi kifo chake, Mack aliishi kwenye jumuiya ya Overcomer Ministry iliyopo [[Walterboro, South Carolina]].<ref name=":5">{{cite web |first= Nicola |last= Menzie |url= http://www.christianpost.com/news/rapper-craig-mack-now-a-christian-testifies-of-leaving-wickedness-for-righteousness-in-church-video-101830/ |title= Rapper Craig Mack, Now a Christian, Testifies of Leaving 'Wickedness' for 'Righteousness' in Church Video |work= [[The Christian Post]] |date= August 8, 2013 |publisher= |access-date= |archive-date= June 28, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180628154118/http://www.christianpost.com/news/rapper-craig-mack-now-a-christian-testifies-of-leaving-wickedness-for-righteousness-in-church-video-101830/ |url-status= live }}</ref> Overcomer Ministry ni jumuiya iliyotengwa ya Kikristo ambayo imekuwa ikielezewa na wengi kama dhehebu hatari la kidini (cult),<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /> na ambayo kiongozi wake [[Brother Stair]] alishatuhumiwa kwa makosa mbalimbali ya jinai ikiwemo udhalilishaji wa kingono kwa watoto wadogo.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last= Schladebeck |first= Jessica |title= Inside the controversial 'cult' where rapper Craig Mack spent his final years |url= https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/cult-rapper-craig-mack-spent-final-years-article-1.3872397 |access-date= October 5, 2020 |website= [[NY Daily News]]; nydailynews.com |date= March 13, 2018 |archive-date= October 7, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201007051353/https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/cult-rapper-craig-mack-spent-final-years-article-1.3872397 |url-status= live }}</ref> Chaneli ya YouTube ya Overcomer Ministry ilitoa video iliyoitwa "Craig Mack Testimony" mnamo Mei 22, 2016,<ref>{{Citation| author= The Overcomer Ministry|title=Craig Mack Testimony|date=May 22, 2016| via= YouTube | url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MO5d6iNI_Ck |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160525152828/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MO5d6iNI_Ck&gl=US&hl=en |archive-date=May 25, 2016 |url-status=dead|access-date=June 10, 2016}}</ref> ambapo Mack anaonekana katikati ya kanisa akichana mashairi ya Kikristo kupitia mseto wa wimbo wa "When God Comes". Sehemu ya mwisho ya video hiyo inaonyesha wimbo mzima ukiwa kwenye ubora mzuri wa sauti na midundo. Wimbo huo ulielezea misingi ya imani yake mpya. Mack alipanga kubaki kwenye huduma hiyo na kusema kuwa hakuwa na nia ya kurudi tena kwenye muziki wa kidunia. Wimbo huo unataja kuwa "alirekebisha makazi ya familia yake kwenda [[South Carolina]]", jambo ambalo lilikinzana na ripoti zingine zilizoonyesha wasiwasi mkubwa wa familia yake kuhusu maamuzi yake. Kulingana na video hiyo, Mack alihisi alikuwa akifanya mambo ya "uovu" alipokuwa New York, na mambo ya "haki" huko South Carolina. Mnamo Novemba 2012, kampuni ya Beazylife Distribution ilitoa kanda mchanganyiko (mixtape) mpya ya Craig Mack iliyoitwa ''Operation Why2K? – Hosted by B-Eazy'', kupitia mtandao wa DatPiff.com. Mnamo mwaka 2017, albamu ya ''The Mack World Sessions'' ilitolewa ikiwa na nyimbo 18 ambazo hazijawahi kusikika kabla. Lebo ya muziki ya Uholanzi ya MECSMI ilitoa mixtape ya ''That's My Word'', iliyoandaliwa na DJ Tape Deck King kupitia DatPiff na YouTube mnamo Agosti 20, 2018. Mnamo Novemba 2018, 'That's My Word' ilishinda tuzo baada ya kifo chake kama Mixtape Bora ya Mwaka kwenye tuzo za Bout Dat Online's Audio Dope Awards. Hii ilikuwa mara ya kwanza kwa Mack kushinda tuzo tangu wimbo wa "Flava In Ya Ear" uliposhinda Tuzo ya Wimbo Bora wa Mwaka kwenye tuzo za [[The Source (jarida)|Source Awards]] za mwaka 1995. == Maisha ya binafsi na kifo == Mack alimuoa Roxanne Alexis Hill-Johnson na walibarikiwa kupata watoto wawili, wa kiume na wa kike.<ref name= Complex-Dead>{{cite web | title= Craig Mack Dead at 47 | url= https://www.complex.com/music/2018/03/craig-mack-dead | publisher= | website= Complex.com | date= March 2018 | access-date= May 28, 2019 | archive-date= May 29, 2019 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190529042957/https://www.complex.com/music/2018/03/craig-mack-dead | url-status= live }}</ref> Miongoni mwa marafiki zake wa karibu alikuwa rapa na mwanamuziki wa [[Beatboxing|beatbox]] [[Biz Markie]]. Mack alifariki dunia akiwa nyumbani kwake mnamo Machi 12, 2018. Sababu ya kifo chake hapo awali iliripotiwa kuwa ni kufeli kwa moyo, tatizo ambalo Mack mwenyewe alidai kuwa nalo tangu mwaka 2014.<ref name=":4" /> Kulingana na rapa [[Erick Sermon]], Mack aliwapigia simu rafiki zake takriban miezi sita kabla ya kifo chake ili kuwaaga kwa kuwa afya yake ilikuwa ikidorora kwa kasi. Baada ya kifo chake, salamu za rambirambi zilichapishwa kwenye mitandao ya kijamii na wasanii kama [[LL Cool J]], [[DJ Scratch]], na wengineo. Baadaye ilikuja kugundulika kuwa Mack alifariki kutokana na matatizo yaliyosababishwa na ugonjwa wa [[UKIMWI]].<ref name=":4" /> Alikuwa akifahamu majibu ya vipimo vyake lakini alikataa kabisa kutumia dawa za kurefusha maisha. Familia ya Mack ilifuata matakwa yake ya awali kwa kuripoti kuwa amefariki kwa tatizo la moyo badala ya kuweka wazi ugonjwa wa UKIMWI uliomsumbua. == Diskografia == === Albamu za studio === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |- ! rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Jina la Albamu ! rowspan="2" style="width:18em;"| Maelezo ! colspan="2"| Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! rowspan="2" style="width:10em;"| Tunzo za Mauzo<br /> |- style="font-size:smaller;" ! style="width:40px;"| [[Billboard 200|US]] ! style="width:40px;"| [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|US R&B]] |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Project Funk da World|Project: Funk da World]]'' | * Tarehe ya kutoka: Septemba 20, 1994 * Lebo: [[Bad Boy Records]] * Muundo: CD, kanda ya kaseti | 21 | 6 | style="text-align:left;"| * [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]: Dhahabu |- ! scope="row"| ''[[Operation: Get Down]]'' | * Tarehe ya kutoka: Juni 24, 1997 * Lebo: Street Life Records/[[Scotti Brothers Records|Scotti Brothers]] * Muundo: CD, kaseti | 46 | 17 | |- ! scope="row"| ''The Mack World Sessions'' | * Tarehe ya kutoka: Septemba 1, 2017 * Lebo: Mack World * Muundo: Kupakua kidijitali | — | — ! |} === Nyimbo zake === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |- ! rowspan="2"| Mwaka ! rowspan="2" style="width:14em;"| Wimbo ! colspan="4"| Nafasi za juu kwenye chati ! rowspan="2" style="width:10.5em;"| Tunzo za Mauzo ! rowspan="2"| Albamu |- style="font-size:smaller;" ! style="width:35px;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]] ! style="width:35px;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]] ! style="width:35px;"| [[Hot Rap Songs|US Rap]] ! style="width:35px;"| [[UK Singles Chart|UK]] |- | rowspan="2"| 1994 ! scope="row"| "[[Flava in Ya Ear]]" | 9 | 4 | 1 | 57 | style="text-align:left;"| * RIAA: Platinamu | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="3"| ''Project: Funk Da World'' |- ! scope="row"| "[[Get Down (wimbo wa Craig Mack)|Get Down]]" | 38 | 17 | 2 | 54 | style="text-align:left;"| * RIAA: Dhahabu |- | 1995 ! scope="row"| "Making Moves with Puff" | — | — | — | — | |- | 1997 ! scope="row"| "What I Need" | 103 | 55 | 16 | — | style="text-align:left;"| | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| ''Operation: Get Down'' |- | 1998 ! scope="row"| "Jockin My Style" | — | — | — | — | |- | 2001 ! scope="row" | "Wooden Horse"<br /><small>(akimshirikisha [[Frank Sinatra]])</small> | — | — | — | — | | style="text-align:left;"| ''[[What's the Worst That Could Happen? (kizigeu cha muziki)|What's the Worst That Could Happen?]]'' & The Mack World Sessions |- | colspan="10" style="font-size:8pt"| "—" inaonyesha matoleo ambayo hayakuingia kwenye chati |} === Video za muziki === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Mwaka ! Video ! Mwongozaji |- |1993 |You Don't Have to Worry (Mseto) <small>(Mary J. Blige akimshirikisha Craig Mack)</small> |F. Gary Gray |- | rowspan="3" | 1994 | "Flava in Ya Ear" | Craig Henry |- |"Flava in Ya Ear (Mseto) |Hype Williams |- |Get Down |Hajulikani |- | rowspan="4" |1995 |Makin' Moves with Puff |Hajulikani |- |If You Love Me (Mseto) <small>(Brownstone akimshirikisha Craig Mack)</small> |Hajulikani |- |Tonight's the Night (Mseto) (<small>Blackstreet akimshirikisha Craig Mack & SWV)</small> |Hype Williams |- |Vibin' (Mseto) <small>(Boyz II Men akimshirikisha Craig Mack, Method Man, Busta Rhymes & Treach)</small> |Hype Williams |- | rowspan="2" |1997 |Spirit <small>(Sounds of Blackness akimshirikisha Craig Mack)</small> |Hajulikani |- |No One but You <small>(Veronica akimshirikisha Craig)</small> |Hajulikani |} === Wasanii alioshirikiana nao === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Mwaka !Jina la Wimbo !Msanii Mkuu !Albamu |- |1993 |You Don't Have to Worry (Mseto) |Mary J. Blige |''What's the 411? Remix'' |- |1994 |Do You Have What It Takes? |{{N/a}} |''Street Fighter (kizigeu cha muziki)'' |- | rowspan="4" |1995 |If You Love Me (Street Vibe Mseto) |Brownstone | |- |"Tonight's the Night (Brand New Mseto) |Blackstreet, SWV | |- |It's Alright |Sista |''Dangerous Minds (kizigeu cha muziki)'' |- |Vibin' (New Flava Mseto) |Boyz II Men, Treach, Method Man, Busta Rhymes | |- |1996 |The Things That You Do (Darkchild Mseto) |Gina Thompson, Mr. Mike Nitty, Craig Mack, Raekwon | |- | rowspan="3" |1997 |No One but You |Veronica |''Rise'' |- |Spirit |Sounds of Blackness |''Time for Healing'' |- |Treat Me Right |DJ Skribble |''Traffic Jams'' |- |1998 |Won't Stop |Miss Jones |''The Other Woman'' |- |1999 |Let Me Get Down |The Notorious B.I.G., G Dep, Missy Elliott |''Born Again'' |- | rowspan="2" |2002 |Special Delivery (Mseto) |G Dep, Ghostface Killah, Keith Murray, |''We Invented the Remix'' |- |And We |P. Diddy, Foxy Brown, Black Rob, Kain, The Mighty Ha, G Dep, Big Azz Ko |''Barbershop (kizigeu cha muziki)'' |- |2003 |Everybody Wanna Shine |DJ Kay Slay, Black Rob, G Dep |''The Streetsweep Vol. 1'' |} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1970|2018}} [[Jamii:Marapa wa Marekani]] 1fnukdhlbnzl7fyv58f5295b800torr Badreddine Missaoui 0 235454 1543854 2026-05-15T18:14:12Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543854 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Badreddine Missaoui''' (Kiarabu: بدر الدين مسوي) alikuwa mjumbe wa Pan-African Parliament kutoka [[Tunisia]].[1]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Accueil - TUNISNEWS|url=https://tunisnews.net/|date=2021-07-05|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bpm9h2brijlfn3iy15bxdlhwaoqyop8 Francisco Madinga 0 235455 1543855 2026-05-15T18:14:31Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Patrick Mabedi''' (alizaliwa 5 Novemba 1973) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi na [[mchezaji]] wa zamani aliyekuwa akicheza kama [[beki]]. Kwa sasa ni kocha wa muda wa klabu ya Young Africans inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu Tanzania.<ref>{{Citation|title=Afcon 2021: Mauritania include 16-year-old Beyatt Lekweiry in squad|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59838703|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> Pia aliicheze...' 1543855 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patrick Mabedi''' (alizaliwa 5 Novemba 1973) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi na [[mchezaji]] wa zamani aliyekuwa akicheza kama [[beki]]. Kwa sasa ni kocha wa muda wa klabu ya Young Africans inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu Tanzania.<ref>{{Citation|title=Afcon 2021: Mauritania include 16-year-old Beyatt Lekweiry in squad|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59838703|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> Pia aliichezea kwa muda mrefu [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi. Anajulikana kwa majina ya utani “Bosti” au “The General”. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Chini ya kocha Ted Dumitru, Mabedi pamoja na Fabian McCarthy waliunda safu imara ya [[ulinzi]] iliyosaidia klabu ya Kaizer Chiefs kushinda ubingwa wake wa kwanza baada ya miaka 12. Timu hiyo ilimaliza msimu ikiwa mbele kwa pointi sita dhidi ya Ajax Cape Town iliyokuwa nafasi ya pili, huku ikipoteza mechi tatu pekee katika msimu mzima.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/match?gameId=596288|work=www.espn.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] otywrk63dezq7npb4032pozj3fgtrso 1543965 1543855 2026-05-15T21:58:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543965 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patrick Mabedi''' (alizaliwa 5 Novemba 1973) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi na [[mchezaji]] wa zamani aliyekuwa akicheza kama [[beki]]. Kwa sasa ni kocha wa muda wa klabu ya Young Africans inayoshiriki Ligi Kuu Tanzania.<ref>{{Citation|title=Afcon 2021: Mauritania include 16-year-old Beyatt Lekweiry in squad|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59838703|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> Pia aliichezea kwa muda mrefu [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi. Anajulikana kwa majina ya utani “Bosti” au “The General”. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Chini ya kocha Ted Dumitru, Mabedi pamoja na Fabian McCarthy waliunda safu imara ya [[ulinzi]] iliyosaidia klabu ya Kaizer Chiefs kushinda ubingwa wake wa kwanza baada ya miaka 12. Timu hiyo ilimaliza msimu ikiwa mbele kwa pointi sita dhidi ya Ajax Cape Town iliyokuwa nafasi ya pili, huku ikipoteza mechi tatu pekee katika msimu mzima.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/match?gameId=596288|work=www.espn.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2000]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] nqee64ub2xku3ky0zcrmnyciqegr0qq Hédi M'henni 0 235456 1543859 2026-05-15T18:18:09Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543859 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hédi M'henni''' (Kiarabu: الهادي مهني; 24 Desemba 1942 – 9 Julai 2024) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani kuanzia 2002 hadi 2004, na baadaye Waziri wa Ulinzi kuanzia 2004 hadi 2005.[1] Alifariki tarehe 9 Julai 2024 akiwa na umri wa miaka 81.[2]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://www.tunisienumerique.com/|work=Tunisie numerique|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] s1jo0xq7a1m97na165ht8fvzcdbbxgp 1543866 1543859 2026-05-15T18:19:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543866 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hédi M'henni''' (Kiarabu: الهادي مهني; 24 Desemba 1942 – 9 Julai 2024) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani kuanzia 2002 hadi 2004, na baadaye Waziri wa Ulinzi kuanzia 2004 hadi 2005.[1] Alifariki tarehe 9 Julai 2024 akiwa na umri wa miaka 81.[2]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Home|url=https://www.tunisienumerique.com/|work=Tunisie numerique|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] n7o3517671gzp54nuezsg2mqmfk107e United States of America 0 235457 1543861 2026-05-15T18:18:34Z Gayle157 73366 Gayle157 moved page [[United States of America]] to [[Marekani]] over redirect 1543861 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Marekani]] t9bo61ndd9f58v1sgdn3got3djgv1p4 Majadiliano:United States of America 1 235458 1543863 2026-05-15T18:18:35Z Gayle157 73366 Gayle157 moved page [[Majadiliano:United States of America]] to [[Majadiliano:Marekani]] over redirect 1543863 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Majadiliano:Marekani]] a6kchyia2eksdqtfbgtbe80xgxkl31q John Maduka 0 235459 1543865 2026-05-15T18:18:54Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Maduka''' (alizaliwa 27 Septemba 1970 mjini Thyolo) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira]] wa miguu na kocha kutoka Malawi. Aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2009. Hivi karibuni alikuwa kocha mkuu wa klabu ya Magesi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Magesi FC bypass Abram Nteo to hand Allan Freese the reins|url=https://farpost.co.za/2026/02/11/magesi-fc-bypass-abram-nteo-to-hand-allan-freese-the-reins/|work=FARPost|date=2026...' 1543865 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Maduka''' (alizaliwa 27 Septemba 1970 mjini Thyolo) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira]] wa miguu na kocha kutoka Malawi. Aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2009. Hivi karibuni alikuwa kocha mkuu wa klabu ya Magesi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Magesi FC bypass Abram Nteo to hand Allan Freese the reins|url=https://farpost.co.za/2026/02/11/magesi-fc-bypass-abram-nteo-to-hand-allan-freese-the-reins/|work=FARPost|date=2026-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US|author=Tokelo Mokhesi}}</ref> == Kazi == Maduka alianza kucheza mpira akiwa na umri wa miaka 16. Alichezea [[shule]] yake ya Lilongwe Boys Primary School ambapo kipaji chake kiligunduliwa na Davie Saccur, ambaye alikuwa kocha na mmiliki wa Davie Cosmos. Akiwa anachezea Davie Cosmos na shule yake, mwaka 1992 alivutia vilabu vya Silver Strikers na Mighty Limbe Leaf Wanderers. Maduka alichagua kujiunga na Silver Strikers kwa sababu hakutaka kuondoka mji wake wa Lilongwe. Baadaye alicheza nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini akiwa kiungo wa klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic, ambapo alicheza kwa miaka mitano na kufanya zaidi ya mechi 118 kabla ya kustaafu mwaka 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bloemfontein Celtic appoint John Maduka as head coach - The Times Group Malawi|url=https://times.mw/bloemfontein-celtic-appoint-john-maduka-as-head-coach/|work=times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] e0kwr2l72n2epjf196a25t595zt463i 1543879 1543865 2026-05-15T18:38:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Maduka''' (alizaliwa 27 Septemba 1970 mjini Thyolo) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa [[mpira]] wa miguu na kocha kutoka Malawi. Aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic hadi alipostaafu mwaka 2009. Hivi karibuni alikuwa kocha mkuu wa klabu ya Magesi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Magesi FC bypass Abram Nteo to hand Allan Freese the reins|url=https://farpost.co.za/2026/02/11/magesi-fc-bypass-abram-nteo-to-hand-allan-freese-the-reins/|work=FARPost|date=2026-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US|author=Tokelo Mokhesi}}</ref> == Kazi == Maduka alianza kucheza mpira akiwa na umri wa miaka 16. Alichezea [[shule]] yake ya Lilongwe Boys Primary School ambapo kipaji chake kiligunduliwa na Davie Saccur, ambaye alikuwa kocha na mmiliki wa Davie Cosmos. Akiwa anachezea Davie Cosmos na shule yake, mwaka 1992 alivutia vilabu vya Silver Strikers na Mighty Limbe Leaf Wanderers. Maduka alichagua kujiunga na Silver Strikers kwa sababu hakutaka kuondoka mji wake wa Lilongwe. Baadaye alicheza nchini [[Afrika]] Kusini akiwa kiungo wa klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic, ambapo alicheza kwa miaka mitano na kufanya zaidi ya mechi 118 kabla ya kustaafu mwaka 2009.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Bloemfontein Celtic appoint John Maduka as head coach - The Times Group Malawi|url=https://times.mw/bloemfontein-celtic-appoint-john-maduka-as-head-coach/|work=times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] s6fjw79wj1uel12lnhrm03mb2nxkzma Cristiane Lopes 0 235460 1543867 2026-05-15T18:20:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Cristiane Lopes da Luz Benarrosh''' (alizaliwa 17 Novemba 1983) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rondônia]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220608/biografia|title=Cristiane Lopes – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.l...' 1543867 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Cristiane Lopes da Luz Benarrosh''' (alizaliwa 17 Novemba 1983) ni mwandishi wa habari na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rondônia]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220608/biografia|title=Cristiane Lopes – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220608 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Lopes, Cristiane}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g1jzun7pwf5qowatlzvk4auh6kbxi9b Lawrence Majawa 0 235461 1543868 2026-05-15T18:23:10Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lawrence Tico Majawa''' (alizaliwa 13 Machi 1980) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayekichezea klabu ya Mighty Wanderers katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi.<ref>{{Citation|title=Lawrence Majawa returns to Wanderers|date=2019-02-15|url=http://www.smashmw.com/lawrence-majawa-returns-to-wanderers/|work=SMASH|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Kazi == Majawa alianza [[maisha]] yake ya soka la k...' 1543868 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lawrence Tico Majawa''' (alizaliwa 13 Machi 1980) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayekichezea klabu ya Mighty Wanderers katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi.<ref>{{Citation|title=Lawrence Majawa returns to Wanderers|date=2019-02-15|url=http://www.smashmw.com/lawrence-majawa-returns-to-wanderers/|work=SMASH|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Kazi == Majawa alianza [[maisha]] yake ya soka la kulipwa nchini Malawi akiwa na [[klabu]] ya Mighty Wanderers. Katika kipindi cha miaka minane akiwa na klabu hiyo ya Blantyre, aliisaidia timu kushinda FISD Challenge Cup (Kombe la FA la Malawi) pamoja na ubingwa wa ligi katika misimu iliyofuata mfululizo. Mwaka 2008 alihamia [[Botswana]] na kujiunga na klabu ya Township Rollers katika Botswana Premier League. Alifanikiwa haraka na kushinda mataji saba ndani ya miaka tisa akiwa na klabu hiyo kabla ya kuondoka baada ya kukataa kupunguziwa mshahara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wanderers commence training: Baba in, Tico-Tico back - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/wanderers-commence-training-baba-in-tico-tico-back/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-12|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Baadaye alicheza misimu miwili katika klabu pinzani ya Mochudi Centre Chiefs kabla ya kurejea Mighty Wanderers mwaka 2019. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] cs2bc26k14ayp1lwlm7x4x3s7merh17 1543910 1543868 2026-05-15T19:40:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543910 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lawrence Tico Majawa''' (alizaliwa 13 Machi 1980) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayekichezea klabu ya Mighty Wanderers katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi.<ref>{{Citation|title=Lawrence Majawa returns to Wanderers|date=2019-02-15|url=http://www.smashmw.com/lawrence-majawa-returns-to-wanderers/|work=SMASH|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Kazi == Majawa alianza [[maisha]] yake ya soka la kulipwa nchini Malawi akiwa na [[klabu]] ya Mighty Wanderers. Katika kipindi cha miaka minane akiwa na klabu hiyo ya Blantyre, aliisaidia timu kushinda FISD Challenge Cup (Kombe la FA la Malawi) pamoja na ubingwa wa ligi katika misimu iliyofuata mfululizo. Mwaka 2008 alihamia [[Botswana]] na kujiunga na klabu ya Township Rollers katika Botswana Premier League. Alifanikiwa haraka na kushinda mataji saba ndani ya miaka tisa akiwa na klabu hiyo kabla ya kuondoka baada ya kukataa kupunguziwa mshahara.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wanderers commence training: Baba in, Tico-Tico back - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/wanderers-commence-training-baba-in-tico-tico-back/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2019-02-12|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> Baadaye alicheza misimu miwili katika klabu pinzani ya Mochudi Centre Chiefs kabla ya kurejea Mighty Wanderers mwaka 2019. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 6z16w4z2ya7qpf6bc5y7ni0tl4p3xyc Kennedy Malunga 0 235462 1543870 2026-05-15T18:27:04Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kennedy Malunga''' (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1970) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kimataifa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi ambaye alikuwa akicheza kama kiungo. Aliwahi kucheza katika vilabu vya Malawi, Afrika Kusini na Ubelgiji. == Kazi ya klabu == Malunga alizaliwa Malawi na alianza kucheza [[soka]] katika ligi ya nchini humo akiwa na klabu ya MTL Wanderers. Mwezi Agosti 1985,<ref>{{Cite web|title=KickOff|url=https://www.kickoff.com/|work=Kick Off|accessd...' 1543870 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kennedy Malunga''' (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1970) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kimataifa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi ambaye alikuwa akicheza kama kiungo. Aliwahi kucheza katika vilabu vya Malawi, Afrika Kusini na Ubelgiji. == Kazi ya klabu == Malunga alizaliwa Malawi na alianza kucheza [[soka]] katika ligi ya nchini humo akiwa na klabu ya MTL Wanderers. Mwezi Agosti 1985,<ref>{{Cite web|title=KickOff|url=https://www.kickoff.com/|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> alijiunga na klabu ya Mamelodi Sundowns ya Afrika Kusini pamoja na kaka yake Holman Malunga. Katika msimu wa 1987–88, alihamia klabu ya Cercle Brugge K.S.V. ya Ubelgiji, lakini alicheza mechi moja tu rasmi akiwa na timu hiyo. Hata hivyo, alimaliza katika nafasi ya sita kwenye kura za tuzo ya Mchezaji Bora wa [[Afrika]] mwaka 1987. Msimu uliofuata alijiunga na K.V. Kortrijk kabla ya kurejea Afrika Kusini mwaka 1990 kuchezea Dynamos F.C. na baadaye Port Elizabeth Blackpool.<ref>{{Cite web|title=South Africa 1991|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesz/zaf91.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] fpblyem96nc2ud97cpr015o1fh0fvs3 1543887 1543870 2026-05-15T18:55:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543887 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kennedy Malunga''' (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1970) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kimataifa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi ambaye alikuwa akicheza kama kiungo. Aliwahi kucheza katika vilabu vya Malawi, Afrika Kusini na Ubelgiji. == Kazi ya klabu == Malunga alizaliwa Malawi na alianza kucheza [[soka]] katika ligi ya nchini humo akiwa na klabu ya MTL Wanderers. Mwezi Agosti 1985,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=KickOff|url=https://www.kickoff.com/|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> alijiunga na klabu ya Mamelodi Sundowns ya Afrika Kusini pamoja na kaka yake Holman Malunga. Katika msimu wa 1987–88, alihamia klabu ya Cercle Brugge K.S.V. ya Ubelgiji, lakini alicheza mechi moja tu rasmi akiwa na timu hiyo. Hata hivyo, alimaliza katika nafasi ya sita kwenye kura za tuzo ya Mchezaji Bora wa [[Afrika]] mwaka 1987. Msimu uliofuata alijiunga na K.V. Kortrijk kabla ya kurejea Afrika Kusini mwaka 1990 kuchezea Dynamos F.C. na baadaye Port Elizabeth Blackpool.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=South Africa 1991|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesz/zaf91.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] nqyb0z9e1pmflcyn9vcvhp3tq5hxp2k Mahmoud Mestiri 0 235463 1543871 2026-05-15T18:27:20Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543871 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmoud Mestiri''' (25 Desemba 1929 katika Tunis – 28 Juni 2006) alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Tunisia kuanzia 1987 hadi 1988.[1] Kabla ya uteuzi huo, alikuwa balozi wa Tunisia, na katika nafasi zote mbili alimrithi Hédi Mabrouk.[2] Pia alikuwa rais wa zamani wa klabu ya soka ya Club Africain.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia's prime minister deposes Habib Bourguiba - UPI Archives|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/11/07/Tunisias-prime-minister-deposes-Habib-Bourguiba/6328563259600/|work=UPI|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2009]] 1oia48bjirwog5u02mt323mw85z3qyl 1543916 1543871 2026-05-15T19:54:11Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543916 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmoud Mestiri''' (25 Desemba 1929 katika Tunis – 28 Juni 2006) alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Tunisia kuanzia 1987 hadi 1988.[1] Kabla ya uteuzi huo, alikuwa balozi wa Tunisia, na katika nafasi zote mbili alimrithi Hédi Mabrouk.[2] Pia alikuwa rais wa zamani wa klabu ya soka ya Club Africain.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia's prime minister deposes Habib Bourguiba - UPI Archives|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/11/07/Tunisias-prime-minister-deposes-Habib-Bourguiba/6328563259600/|work=UPI|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2009]] 4lwdrjezf8tnggfmhctvjiy71x0c7kx Jennifer Hosten 0 235464 1543874 2026-05-15T18:28:24Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jennifer Hosten''' (alizaliwa [[Oktoba 31]], [[1947]]) ni mtangazaji wa redio, mfanyakazi wa maendeleo, [[mwanadiplomasia]], [[mwandishi]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Grenada]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1970]], akiwakilisha Grenada. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi na mwakilishi wa kwanza wa nchi yake kushinda taji hilo. Shindano hilo lilikuwa tayari lenye utata kabla ya mshindi kutangazwa, na, kufuatia matokeo, m...' 1543874 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jennifer Hosten''' (alizaliwa [[Oktoba 31]], [[1947]]) ni mtangazaji wa redio, mfanyakazi wa maendeleo, [[mwanadiplomasia]], [[mwandishi]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Grenada]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1970]], akiwakilisha Grenada. Alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi na mwakilishi wa kwanza wa nchi yake kushinda taji hilo. Shindano hilo lilikuwa tayari lenye utata kabla ya mshindi kutangazwa, na, kufuatia matokeo, madai yaliibuka kuhusu ushawishi wa Eric Gairy, waziri mkuu wa Grenada, ambaye alihudumu kwenye jopo la waamuzi.<ref name="cattleshow">{{cite news|last=Pape|first=Gordon|title=Cattle show: Miss Grenada wins, Bob Hope loses |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=q8gyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Mu0FAAAAIBAJ&pg=1761,1750527&dq=miss-grenada&hl=en|access-date=17 January 2011|newspaper=[[Ottawa Citizen]]|date=Nov 21, 1970}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Ellen E|last=Jones|title='It seems so corny!' How Jennifer Hosten became the first Black Miss World – and an international diplomat|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/may/16/jennifer-hosten-first-black-miss-world-grenada|date=16 May 2023|access-date=18 May 2023|work=[[The Guardian]]|language=en-gb}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Grenada]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Grenada]] l12c8d56zm19t0zd9xho583hxq5qv4l Peter Mgangira 0 235465 1543875 2026-05-15T18:33:17Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Peter Mgangira''' (alizaliwa 11 Novemba 1980 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Blue Eagles FC. Mwaka 2019 alikuwa akifundisha katika klabu ya Silver Strikers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://mwnation.com/|work=Nation Online|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mgangira alikuwa sehemu ya [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi na aliwakilisha nchi yake katika [...' 1543875 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Mgangira''' (alizaliwa 11 Novemba 1980 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Blue Eagles FC. Mwaka 2019 alikuwa akifundisha katika klabu ya Silver Strikers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://mwnation.com/|work=Nation Online|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mgangira alikuwa sehemu ya [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi na aliwakilisha nchi yake katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.worldcupblog.org/african-cup-of-nations/africa-cup-of-nations-2010-squads.html|work=www.worldcupblog.org|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] eth43ase4xhdig4xzjtj9su85gphi8z 1543962 1543875 2026-05-15T21:50:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Mgangira''' (alizaliwa 11 Novemba 1980 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Blue Eagles FC. Mwaka 2019 alikuwa akifundisha katika klabu ya Silver Strikers.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Home|url=https://mwnation.com/|work=Nation Online|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mgangira alikuwa sehemu ya [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi na aliwakilisha nchi yake katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.worldcupblog.org/african-cup-of-nations/africa-cup-of-nations-2010-squads.html|work=www.worldcupblog.org|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 3u06nig8n4tfi2pd9z0cp3f6p5mn378 1544075 1543962 2026-05-16T04:18:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Mgangira''' (alizaliwa 11 Novemba 1980 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye aliwahi kuichezea klabu ya Blue Eagles FC. Mwaka 2019 alikuwa akifundisha katika klabu ya Silver Strikers.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Home|url=https://mwnation.com/|work=Nation Online|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mgangira alikuwa sehemu ya [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi na aliwakilisha nchi yake katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.worldcupblog.org/african-cup-of-nations/africa-cup-of-nations-2010-squads.html|work=www.worldcupblog.org|accessdate=2026-05-15|archive-date=2010-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111081522/http://www.worldcupblog.org/african-cup-of-nations/africa-cup-of-nations-2010-squads.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] pi5k386hmb5xvrlx4e8nkbtxeiw61ms Imed Memmich 0 235466 1543876 2026-05-15T18:34:48Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543876 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Imed Memmich''' (Kiarabu: عماد مميش; amezaliwa 8 Septemba 1966) ni msomi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Ulinzi kuanzia 11 Oktoba 2021 hadi 25 Agosti 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/32510-finalement-le-gouvernement-najla-bouden-est-approuve-la-composition-complete-et-les-biographies|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] 74g6ssddnh6pr28h6m9ds1boool0ytd 1543974 1543876 2026-05-15T22:14:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Imed Memmich''' (Kiarabu: عماد مميش; amezaliwa 8 Septemba 1966) ni msomi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Ulinzi kuanzia 11 Oktoba 2021 hadi 25 Agosti 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/32510-finalement-le-gouvernement-najla-bouden-est-approuve-la-composition-complete-et-les-biographies|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] p6yfz9srqn9eeuwn9ttm4dw3umrpurm Gabadinho Mhango 0 235467 1543878 2026-05-15T18:38:03Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gabadinho Mhango''' (jina kamili Hellings Frank Mhango, alizaliwa 27 Septemba 1992) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayocheza kama mshambuliaji katika klabu ya Richards Bay pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Mhango amechezea vilabu mbalimbali vikiwemo Brave Warriors, Big Bullets, Bloemfontein Celtic, Lamontville Golden Arrows, na Bidvest Wits. Mnamo Juni 2019, alisaini kujiunga na [[klabu]] ya Orland...' 1543878 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gabadinho Mhango''' (jina kamili Hellings Frank Mhango, alizaliwa 27 Septemba 1992) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayocheza kama mshambuliaji katika klabu ya Richards Bay pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Mhango amechezea vilabu mbalimbali vikiwemo Brave Warriors, Big Bullets, Bloemfontein Celtic, Lamontville Golden Arrows, na Bidvest Wits. Mnamo Juni 2019, alisaini kujiunga na [[klabu]] ya Orlando Pirates ya [[Afrika]] Kusini.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gabadinho Mhango (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/48217/Gabadinho_Mhango.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> Baadaye alihamia AmaZulu mwezi Juni 2022. Pia amechezea Moroka Swallows, Marumo Gallants, na Richards Bay. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 88puufoszkwdcgedvgi8z3ize6zjt2z 1543968 1543878 2026-05-15T21:59:47Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543968 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gabadinho Mhango''' (jina kamili Hellings Frank Mhango, alizaliwa 27 Septemba 1992) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayocheza kama mshambuliaji katika klabu ya Richards Bay pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Mhango amechezea vilabu mbalimbali vikiwemo Brave Warriors, Big Bullets, Bloemfontein Celtic, Lamontville Golden Arrows, na Bidvest Wits. Mnamo Juni 2019, alisaini kujiunga na [[klabu]] ya Orlando Pirates ya [[Afrika]] Kusini.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gabadinho Mhango (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/48217/Gabadinho_Mhango.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> Baadaye alihamia AmaZulu mwezi Juni 2022. Pia amechezea Moroka Swallows, Marumo Gallants, na Richards Bay. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] oqriridgfkcd8oinjc6wfgv4bfrme9y Micium Mhone 0 235468 1543880 2026-05-15T18:41:42Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Micium Mhone''' (alizaliwa 19 Januari 1992) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji katika klabu ya Blue Eagles pamoja na timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Micium Mhone (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/49774/Micium_Mhone.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> Aliiwakilisha Malawi katik...' 1543880 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Micium Mhone''' (alizaliwa 19 Januari 1992) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji katika klabu ya Blue Eagles pamoja na timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Micium Mhone (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/49774/Micium_Mhone.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> Aliiwakilisha Malawi katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2021.<ref>{{Citation|title=Afcon 2021: Mauritania include 16-year-old Beyatt Lekweiry in squad|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59838703|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 4l02axj6nxjo458h2ctu08xae17a52k 1543927 1543880 2026-05-15T20:21:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Micium Mhone''' (alizaliwa 19 Januari 1992) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayocheza kama kiungo mshambuliaji katika klabu ya Blue Eagles pamoja na timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Micium Mhone (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/49774/Micium_Mhone.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> Aliiwakilisha Malawi katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2021.<ref>{{Citation|title=Afcon 2021: Mauritania include 16-year-old Beyatt Lekweiry in squad|date=2021-12-31|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/59838703|work=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 92omy0ojduagz7q0s2d13xh2vd1yymg Zicco Mkanda 0 235469 1543881 2026-05-15T18:45:20Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Zicco Mkanda''' (alizaliwa 17 Desemba 1990) ni kocha wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anafanya [[kazi]] kama Mchambuzi wa Utendaji (Performance Analyst) na Kocha wa Washambuliaji katika klabu ya FCB Nyasa Big Bullets FC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zicco Mkanda (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/47798/Zicco_Mkanda.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Z...' 1543881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zicco Mkanda''' (alizaliwa 17 Desemba 1990) ni kocha wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anafanya [[kazi]] kama Mchambuzi wa Utendaji (Performance Analyst) na Kocha wa Washambuliaji katika klabu ya FCB Nyasa Big Bullets FC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zicco Mkanda (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/47798/Zicco_Mkanda.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi == * 2024: [[Kocha]] wa Washambuliaji (Strikers Coach) – Silver Strikers FC * 2025: Mchambuzi wa Data na Kocha wa Washambuliaji – FCB Nyasa Big Bullets FC == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] irzese8u3i8js0v8lamem9yvhmsmyr0 1544034 1543881 2026-05-16T01:04:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544034 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zicco Mkanda''' (alizaliwa 17 Desemba 1990) ni kocha wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anafanya [[kazi]] kama Mchambuzi wa Utendaji (Performance Analyst) na Kocha wa Washambuliaji katika klabu ya FCB Nyasa Big Bullets FC.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zicco Mkanda (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/47798/Zicco_Mkanda.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi == * 2024: [[Kocha]] wa Washambuliaji (Strikers Coach) – Silver Strikers FC * 2025: Mchambuzi wa Data na Kocha wa Washambuliaji – FCB Nyasa Big Bullets FC == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] f33qh6suynvo20r6zja4766h80ers6j Noel Mkandawire 0 235470 1543882 2026-05-15T18:49:35Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Noel Mkandawire''' (25 Desemba 1978 – 2017)<ref>{{Citation|title=Malawi: Shocking Death of Former Flames Striker Noel Mkandawire|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201707020067.html|work=allAfrica.com|language=en|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye aliwahi kuchezea [[klabu]] ya Super ESCOM katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Noel Mkandawire (Player)|url=https://www.national-football...' 1543882 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noel Mkandawire''' (25 Desemba 1978 – 2017)<ref>{{Citation|title=Malawi: Shocking Death of Former Flames Striker Noel Mkandawire|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201707020067.html|work=allAfrica.com|language=en|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye aliwahi kuchezea [[klabu]] ya Super ESCOM katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Noel Mkandawire (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4072/Noel_Mkandawire.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mkandawire alikuwa mchezaji wa mara kwa mara wa timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi, ambako aliichezea nchi yake katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] jwux20jseokl0to0fumpixds4a5xbnn 1543953 1543882 2026-05-15T21:30:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543953 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noel Mkandawire''' (25 Desemba 1978 – 2017)<ref>{{Citation|title=Malawi: Shocking Death of Former Flames Striker Noel Mkandawire|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201707020067.html|work=allAfrica.com|language=en|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> alikuwa [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye aliwahi kuchezea [[klabu]] ya Super ESCOM katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Noel Mkandawire (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4072/Noel_Mkandawire.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Mkandawire alikuwa mchezaji wa mara kwa mara wa timu ya [[taifa]] ya Malawi, ambako aliichezea nchi yake katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 1jgwydod8vv2dhxfka1jzk6dnls1ksf Abdellatif Mekki 0 235471 1543883 2026-05-15T18:50:13Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543883 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdellatif Mekki''' (Kiarabu: عبد اللطيف المكي; amezaliwa 1962) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Afya ya Umma chini ya Waziri Mkuu Elyes Fakhfakh. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 09p5fb321m5jjglkfzfcpjav0cjz7j6 Deus Mkutu 0 235472 1543885 2026-05-15T18:52:30Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Deus Mkutu''' (alizaliwa 19 Aprili 1991) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayocheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya Moyale Barracks.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deus Mkutu (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/59812/Deus_Mkutu.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} Jamii:Waliozaliwa...' 1543885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Deus Mkutu''' (alizaliwa 19 Aprili 1991) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayocheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya Moyale Barracks.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deus Mkutu (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/59812/Deus_Mkutu.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 3ebbvjq772bpit8ocmqvkh4rv3la1ft 1543958 1543885 2026-05-15T21:44:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Deus Mkutu''' (alizaliwa 19 Aprili 1991) ni [[mchezaji]] wa [[mpira]] wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayocheza kama [[mshambuliaji]] katika klabu ya Moyale Barracks.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Deus Mkutu (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/59812/Deus_Mkutu.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] glmmovpe88613vwd5nxfxuo9sm49zuy Mohamed Masmoudi 0 235473 1543886 2026-05-15T18:53:57Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543886 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Masmoudi''' (Kiarabu: محمد المصمودي; 29 Mei 1925 – 7 Novemba 2016) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia 12 Juni 1970 hadi 14 Januari 1974.[2] Alifariki tarehe 7 Novemba 2016 akiwa na umri wa miaka 91.[3]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/20956-le-president-algerien-bouteflika-salue-la-memoire-de-mohamed-masmoudi|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] k8q0jgwgujscdorcv61j06iq3mijoet 1543932 1543886 2026-05-15T20:33:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543932 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Masmoudi''' (Kiarabu: محمد المصمودي; 29 Mei 1925 – 7 Novemba 2016) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia 12 Juni 1970 hadi 14 Januari 1974.[2] Alifariki tarehe 7 Novemba 2016 akiwa na umri wa miaka 91.[3]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.leaders.com.tn/article/20956-le-president-algerien-bouteflika-salue-la-memoire-de-mohamed-masmoudi|work=www.leaders.com.tn|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1925]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2016]] 7xoa6dhboqwu6j9uoomeqn3fdeeacqo Eva Rueber-Staier 0 235474 1543888 2026-05-15T18:56:14Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eva Rueber-Staier''' (alizaliwa [[1949]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Austria]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1969]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1969.html |title=1969 &#124; 1960's |access-date=2010-10-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100824081243/http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1969.html |archive-date=2010-08-24 }}</ref><ref>https://www.hatads....' 1543888 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eva Rueber-Staier''' (alizaliwa [[1949]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Austria]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1969]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1969.html |title=1969 &#124; 1960's |access-date=2010-10-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100824081243/http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1969.html |archive-date=2010-08-24 }}</ref><ref>https://www.hatads.org.uk/catalogue/record/6c48c91b-e143-473e-984c-cca3df0b2e2e</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2010/jun/02/cadburys-flake-ad |title=Cadbury's Flake drops 'Only the flakiest...' strapline after 50 years |last=Sweney |first=Mark |work=The Guardian |date=3 June 2010 |access-date=9 July 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Austria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mp6adavj1d4cvdy7db7p48d9ywob21e 1543963 1543888 2026-05-15T21:54:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543963 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eva Rueber-Staier''' (alizaliwa [[1949]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Austria]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1969]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1969.html |title=1969 &#124; 1960's |access-date=2010-10-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100824081243/http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1969.html |archive-date=2010-08-24 }}</ref><ref>https://www.hatads.org.uk/catalogue/record/6c48c91b-e143-473e-984c-cca3df0b2e2e</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2010/jun/02/cadburys-flake-ad |title=Cadbury's Flake drops 'Only the flakiest...' strapline after 50 years |last=Sweney |first=Mark |work=The Guardian |date=3 June 2010 |access-date=9 July 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Austria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8ati6a318h3gaz5lpzpuc6bww4r0jx9 Diverson Mlozi 0 235475 1543889 2026-05-15T18:57:28Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Diverson Mlozi''' (alizaliwa 13 Septemba 1989) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayekichezea klabu ya Big Bullets FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Mlozi alianza [[soka]] la kulipwa mwaka 2008 akiwa na Big Bullets FC, klabu ambayo bado anaichezea hadi sasa. Mwaka huo huo wa mwanzo wake, alifanikiwa kuwa mfungaji bora wa ligi kwa kufunga mabao 14. Mwaka 2012 alishinda Carlsberg Charity Cup pamoja na Presidential Cup...' 1543889 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diverson Mlozi''' (alizaliwa 13 Septemba 1989) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayekichezea klabu ya Big Bullets FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Mlozi alianza [[soka]] la kulipwa mwaka 2008 akiwa na Big Bullets FC, klabu ambayo bado anaichezea hadi sasa. Mwaka huo huo wa mwanzo wake, alifanikiwa kuwa mfungaji bora wa ligi kwa kufunga mabao 14. Mwaka 2012 alishinda Carlsberg Charity Cup pamoja na Presidential Cup akiwa na Big Bullets. Mnamo Septemba 2014<ref>{{Cite web|title=Diverson Mlozi sign for Swazi club - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/diverson-mlozi-sign-for-swazi-club/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2014-09-23|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> alijiunga na klabu ya Malanti Chiefs, kabla ya kurejea Big Bullets<ref>{{Cite web|title=One moment, please...|url=https://times.mw/george-nyirenda-diverson-mlozi-return-to-big-bullets/|work=times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> mwaka 2016 ambapo ameendelea kucheza hadi sasa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] g4gggeryexdmkh199z78eopoord9i0r 1543960 1543889 2026-05-15T21:45:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1543960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diverson Mlozi''' (alizaliwa 13 Septemba 1989) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] anayekichezea klabu ya Big Bullets FC katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Mlozi alianza [[soka]] la kulipwa mwaka 2008 akiwa na Big Bullets FC, klabu ambayo bado anaichezea hadi sasa. Mwaka huo huo wa mwanzo wake, alifanikiwa kuwa mfungaji bora wa ligi kwa kufunga mabao 14. Mwaka 2012 alishinda Carlsberg Charity Cup pamoja na Presidential Cup akiwa na Big Bullets. Mnamo Septemba 2014<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Diverson Mlozi sign for Swazi club - Malawi Nyasa Times - News from Malawi about Malawi|url=https://www.nyasatimes.com/diverson-mlozi-sign-for-swazi-club/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|date=2014-09-23|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-GB|author=Nyasa Times Reporter}}</ref> alijiunga na klabu ya Malanti Chiefs, kabla ya kurejea Big Bullets<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=One moment, please...|url=https://times.mw/george-nyirenda-diverson-mlozi-return-to-big-bullets/|work=times.mw|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> mwaka 2016 ambapo ameendelea kucheza hadi sasa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] nba0pu4wje0hxdg8bj51tgtm4ltyj3m Madeleine Hartog-Bel 0 235476 1543893 2026-05-15T19:02:39Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Madeleine Hartog-Bel Houghton''' (alizaliwa [[Juni 12]], [[1947]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Peru]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1967]] akiwakilisha Peru. Baada ya kufika nusu fainali ya shindano la Miss Universe mwaka [[1966]], aliendelea kushinda taji la Miss World huko London, Uingereza mwaka uliofuata.<ref name=r1>[http://www.chileancharm.com/1967_MISS_WORLD/Miss_World_Chile_1967_4.html MISS MUNDO 1967]. chileancharm.com</...' 1543893 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Madeleine Hartog-Bel Houghton''' (alizaliwa [[Juni 12]], [[1947]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Peru]] aliyeshinda shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1967]] akiwakilisha Peru. Baada ya kufika nusu fainali ya shindano la Miss Universe mwaka [[1966]], aliendelea kushinda taji la Miss World huko London, Uingereza mwaka uliofuata.<ref name=r1>[http://www.chileancharm.com/1967_MISS_WORLD/Miss_World_Chile_1967_4.html MISS MUNDO 1967]. chileancharm.com</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100729191230/http://www.missworld.com/1960-s/1967.html Miss World 1967 – Madeleine Hartog Bell Houghton – Peru]. missworld.com</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Peru]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1gsans4dflkne7vwvj7rokuvgfr0vu3 Chikondi Mpulula 0 235477 1543894 2026-05-15T19:02:47Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Chikondi Mpulula''' (alizaliwa 1993 nchini Malawi) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Blue Eagles FC ya Lilongwe katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi == Mpulula alijipatia umaarufu mkubwa baada ya kuwa mfungaji bora wa Ligi Kuu ya Malawi msimu wa 2010/11 akiwa na mabao 18. Uchezaji wake mzuri ulimfanya apate nafasi za majaribio katika klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic ya [[Afrika]] Kusini na Kelantan FA ya Malaysia. Katika mchezo wa...' 1543894 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chikondi Mpulula''' (alizaliwa 1993 nchini Malawi) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Blue Eagles FC ya Lilongwe katika Ligi Kuu ya Malawi. == Kazi == Mpulula alijipatia umaarufu mkubwa baada ya kuwa mfungaji bora wa Ligi Kuu ya Malawi msimu wa 2010/11 akiwa na mabao 18. Uchezaji wake mzuri ulimfanya apate nafasi za majaribio katika klabu ya Bloemfontein Celtic ya [[Afrika]] Kusini na Kelantan FA ya Malaysia. Katika mchezo wa kirafiki akiwa na kikosi cha majaribio cha Kelantan, alifunga bao mapema sana—sekunde ya 26—lakini timu yake ilipoteza 3–1 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://kelantanfa.com/songkhla-tewaskan-kelantan/|work=kelantanfa.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref>dhidi ya Songkhla FC. Kabla ya kujiunga na Blue Eagles, Mpulula aliwahi kuchezea Blantyre United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chikondi Mpulula can overtake Luka|url=http://www.bnltimes.com:80/sports/46-all/235-chikondi-mpulula-can-overtake-luka.html|work=www.bnltimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en-gb|author=Sam Banda Jnr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] i2oqnet3yttj7c9cbzvqy1tot9h1alz Anouar Marzouki 0 235478 1543895 2026-05-15T19:03:47Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1543895 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anouar''' '''Marzouki''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Mnamo 13 Machi 2023, aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Spika wa Pili wa Assembly of the Representatives of the People.<ref>{{Citation|title=New parliamentary speaker elected in Tunisia|url=https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/273625504/new-parliamentary-speaker-elected-in-tunisia|work=Big News Network.com|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] r0wn4etujy4q818mixx5ff4al2tfnqn Chiukepo Msowoya 0 235479 1543896 2026-05-15T19:09:46Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Chiukepo Msowoya''' (alizaliwa 23 Septemba 1988) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Mighty Wanderers FC pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Msowoya alikuwa mfungaji bora wa Ligi Kuu ya Malawi mwaka 2007 akiwa na mabao 17.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi 2007|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/malaw07.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Mwaka 2012 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Escom regret...' 1543896 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chiukepo Msowoya''' (alizaliwa 23 Septemba 1988) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Malawi anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Mighty Wanderers FC pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Malawi. == Kazi ya klabu == Msowoya alikuwa mfungaji bora wa Ligi Kuu ya Malawi mwaka 2007 akiwa na mabao 17.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malawi 2007|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/malaw07.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref> Mwaka 2012 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Escom regrets offloading key players, takes Chiukepo on board {{!}} Malawi news, Malawi - NyasaTimes breaking online news source from Malawi|url=http://www.nyasatimes.com/malawi/2012/08/30/escom-regrets-offloading-key-players-takes-chiukepo-on-board/|work=www.nyasatimes.com|accessdate=2026-05-15}}</ref>alijiunga na Platinum Stars kwa mkopo hadi mwisho wa msimu wa 2011/12, kabla ya kurejea Orlando Pirates ambapo baadaye walikubaliana kuachana. Alirejea [[Malawi]] na kujiunga tena na ESCOM United. Mwaka 2014 alisaini Costa do Sol, kisha Januari 2015 akarudi nyumbani kujiunga na Big Bullets.<ref>{{Citation|title=Malawi: Chiukepo Joins Bullets As Sankhani Invalidates His Decision to Quit|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201501190985.html|work=allAfrica.com|language=en|access-date=2026-05-15}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] mlf0nf7isgodw5ugwazhzcdou69scbb Reita Faria 0 235480 1543897 2026-05-15T19:10:46Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Reita Faria Powell''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 23]], [[1943]]) ni daktari, [[mwanamitindo]] wa zamani, na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1966]] nchini [[Uhindi]]. Yeye ni mtu Uhindi wa kwanza kushinda taji la Miss World na wa kwanza kuhitimu kama daktari wa tiba.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.indianmirror.com/makers/mak3.html | publisher=Indian Mirror | title=Makers of India - Women of Fame | access-date=6 May 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|...' 1543897 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reita Faria Powell''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 23]], [[1943]]) ni daktari, [[mwanamitindo]] wa zamani, na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1966]] nchini [[Uhindi]]. Yeye ni mtu Uhindi wa kwanza kushinda taji la Miss World na wa kwanza kuhitimu kama daktari wa tiba.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.indianmirror.com/makers/mak3.html | publisher=Indian Mirror | title=Makers of India - Women of Fame | access-date=6 May 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fashion/not-just-a-pretty-face/lite/|title=Not Just a Pretty Face: Reita Faria, the first Asian to win Miss World and even qualified as a physician|publisher=Indian Express|date=18 November 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1g4wimh4tm5pb5yjp80vmdqqumhboxj Maupo Msowoya 0 235481 1543899 2026-05-15T19:14:07Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maupo Msowoya''' (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1982 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anaichezea klabu ya ESCOM United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maupo Msowoya (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4088/Maupo_Msowoya.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Msowoya ameichezea [[timu]] ya taifa ya Ma...' 1543899 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maupo Msowoya''' (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1982 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anaichezea klabu ya ESCOM United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maupo Msowoya (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4088/Maupo_Msowoya.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Msowoya ameichezea [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Standard Bank of South Africa > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 tournament > Team by team guide|url=http://afcon.standardbank.com/afcon_2010_teamguide.asp?teamid=37303|work=afcon.standardbank.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|author=TEQUILA\ Johannesburg}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Maupo ni kaka mkubwa wa Chiukepo Msowoya ambaye pia ni [[mshambuliaji]] wa ESCOM United.<ref>{{Cite web|title=allAfrica.com: Southern Africa: Mozambique Stay On Course|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200910260708.html|work=allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] hxhij91hgbkqoebqt5zmt7c1gh6exr7 1543925 1543899 2026-05-15T20:09:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1543925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maupo Msowoya''' (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1982 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anaichezea klabu ya ESCOM United.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Maupo Msowoya (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4088/Maupo_Msowoya.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Msowoya ameichezea [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Standard Bank of South Africa > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 tournament > Team by team guide|url=http://afcon.standardbank.com/afcon_2010_teamguide.asp?teamid=37303|work=afcon.standardbank.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|author=TEQUILA\ Johannesburg}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Maupo ni kaka mkubwa wa Chiukepo Msowoya ambaye pia ni [[mshambuliaji]] wa ESCOM United.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=allAfrica.com: Southern Africa: Mozambique Stay On Course|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200910260708.html|work=allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] g4g4p6pdxcg1f2d702gqx1w10hdfxw4 1544051 1543925 2026-05-16T02:13:53Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1544051 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maupo Msowoya''' (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1982 mjini Lilongwe) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Malawi]] ambaye kwa sasa anaichezea klabu ya ESCOM United.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Maupo Msowoya (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4088/Maupo_Msowoya.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Msowoya ameichezea [[timu]] ya taifa ya Malawi na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi kilichoshiriki [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Standard Bank of South Africa > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 tournament > Team by team guide|url=http://afcon.standardbank.com/afcon_2010_teamguide.asp?teamid=37303|work=afcon.standardbank.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|author=TEQUILA\ Johannesburg|archive-date=2011-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123155440/http://afcon.standardbank.com/afcon_2010_teamguide.asp?teamid=37303|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Maupo ni kaka mkubwa wa Chiukepo Msowoya ambaye pia ni [[mshambuliaji]] wa ESCOM United.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=allAfrica.com: Southern Africa: Mozambique Stay On Course|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200910260708.html|work=allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-15|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] jr9a33944v25ip2qnomgr2h58nwyqyt Reg Birkett 0 235482 1543901 2026-05-15T19:17:39Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Reginald Halsey Birkett''' (28 Machi 1849 – 30 Juni 1898) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyekichezea klabu ya Clapham Rovers pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England (England). Pia alicheza mchezo wa rugby union kimataifa kwa timu ya England mwaka 1871, katika mechi ya kwanza kabisa ya kimataifa ya rugby. Katika mechi hiyo alifunga ''try'' ya kwanza kwa England. Mwaka 1898, Birkett alikuwa akisumbuliwa na ugonjwa wa diphth...' 1543901 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reginald Halsey Birkett''' (28 Machi 1849 – 30 Juni 1898) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyekichezea klabu ya Clapham Rovers pamoja na timu ya taifa ya England (England). Pia alicheza mchezo wa rugby union kimataifa kwa timu ya England mwaka 1871, katika mechi ya kwanza kabisa ya kimataifa ya rugby. Katika mechi hiyo alifunga ''try'' ya kwanza kwa England. Mwaka 1898, Birkett alikuwa akisumbuliwa na ugonjwa wa diphtheria. Akiwa katika hali inayodhaniwa kuwa ya delirium, aliruka kutoka dirishani na kuanguka kutoka urefu wa futi 20 hadi kufariki dunia. Uchunguzi wa kifo chake (inquest) ulitoa hitimisho kwamba alijiua akiwa katika hali ya kuchanganyikiwa kiakili kutokana na ugonjwa huo. == Maisha ya awali == Reginald Halsey Birkett alizaliwa London tarehe 28 Machi 1849. Alibatizwa tarehe 31 Mei 1849 katika kanisa la St Botolph Bishopsgate ndani ya Mji wa London.<ref>Board of Guardian Records, 1834–1906 and Church of England Parish Registers, 1813–1906. London Metropolitan Archives and Guildhall Library Manuscripts, London.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1849|1898}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 4juddkjqdy52s9st438sopwnd8m9o2h Ralph Birkett 0 235483 1543902 2026-05-15T19:21:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ralph James Evans Birkett''' (9 Januari 1913 – 8 Julai 2002) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza mara moja kwa timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Birkett aligunduliwa na Torquay United alipokuwa akiichezea Dartmouth United, na kuhamia Plainmoor kama mchezaji wa kujitolea mwaka 1930. Alianza kucheza ligi kwa mara ya kwanza kama winga wa kulia tarehe 8 Machi 1930, ambapo aling’ara katika...' 1543902 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ralph James Evans Birkett''' (9 Januari 1913 – 8 Julai 2002) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza mara moja kwa timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Birkett aligunduliwa na Torquay United alipokuwa akiichezea Dartmouth United, na kuhamia Plainmoor kama mchezaji wa kujitolea mwaka 1930. Alianza kucheza ligi kwa mara ya kwanza kama winga wa kulia tarehe 8 Machi 1930, ambapo aling’ara katika ushindi wa mabao 7–0 dhidi ya Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic, ushindi wa kwanza wa Torquay katika mwaka huo mpya.<ref>''Western Morning News'', 14 Machi 1930</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|2002}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] npcqwvp7vvneqzxmvoyckl83xkjjysg The Roots 0 235484 1543904 2026-05-15T19:24:41Z Muddyb 379 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = The Roots | picha = The Roots 2016 Holiday Tour - Orlando (31139328734).jpg | size = | maelezo = The Roots wakitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2016 | background = group_or_band | jina la siri = Radio Activity<br />Black to the Future<br />The Square Roots<br />The Legendary Roots Crew<br />The Fifth Dynasty<br />The Square Roots<br />[[The Tonight Show Band]] | chimbuko...' 1543904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist 2 | jina = The Roots | picha = The Roots 2016 Holiday Tour - Orlando (31139328734).jpg | size = | maelezo = The Roots wakitumbuiza mnamo mwaka 2016 | background = group_or_band | jina la siri = Radio Activity<br />Black to the Future<br />The Square Roots<br />The Legendary Roots Crew<br />The Fifth Dynasty<br />The Square Roots<br />[[The Tonight Show Band]] | chimbuko = [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]], Marekani | aina ya muziki = [[Hip hop]], [[alternative hip-hop|alternative rap]], [[Political hip-hop|conscious rap]], [[progressive soul]], [[progressive rap]] | kazi yake = | miaka ya kazi = 1987–hadi sasa | studio = [[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]], [[DGC Records|DGC]], [[Interscope Geffen A&M Records|Interscope Geffen A&M]], [[MCA Records|MCA]], [[Okayplayer]] | ameshirikiana na = [[Nouveau Riche (bendi ya Philadelphia)|Nouveau Riche]], [[Soulquarians]] | wavuti = [http://theroots.com theroots.com] | wanachama wa sasa = [[Black Thought]]<br />[[Questlove]]<br />[[Captain Kirk Douglas]]<br />[[Tuba Gooding Jr.|Damon "Tuba Gooding Jr." Bryson]]<br />[[Raymond Angry]]<br />[[James Poyser]]<br />Mark Kelley<br />[[Stro Elliot]]<br />[[Kamal Gray]]<br />[[Ian Hendrickson-Smith]]<br />[[Dave Guy]] | waliokuwa wanachama = [[Joshua Abrams (mwanamuziki)|Josh "Rubberband" Abrams]]<br />[[Malik B.]]<br />[[Owen Biddle (mwanamuziki)|Owen Biddle]]<br />Kid Crumbs<br />Jeremy Ellis<br />[[Dice Raw]]<br />F. Knuckles<br />[[Hub (mpiga besi)|Hub]]<br />[[Ben Kenney]]<br />[[Martin Luther McCoy|Martin Luther]]<br />[[Rahzel]]<br />[[Scratch (mwanamuziki)|Scratch]]<br />[[Scott Storch]]<br />[[Nikki Yeoh]] }} '''The Roots''' ni bendi ya muziki wa [[hip hop]] kutoka nchini Marekani iliyoundwa mnamo mwaka 1987 na mwimbaji [[Black Thought|Tariq "Black Thought" Trotter]] pamoja na mpiga ngoma [[Questlove|Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson]] huko [[Philadelphia]]. The Roots wanafanya kazi kama bendi ya mjengoni (house band) kwenye kipindi cha televisheni cha chaneli ya [[NBC]] kiitwacho ''[[The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon]]'', baada ya kuhudumu katika nafasi hiyo hiyo kwenye kipindi cha ''[[Late Night with Jimmy Fallon]]'' kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2014. Wanachama wa kudumu wa The Roots kwenye kipindi cha ''The Tonight Show'' ni [[Captain Kirk Douglas]] (gitaa), Mark Kelley (besi), [[James Poyser]] (vinanda), [[Ian Hendrickson-Smith]] (saksofoni), Damon "[[Tuba Gooding Jr.]]" Bryson (subesimbi/sousaphone), [[Stro Elliot]] (vinanda na ngoma), [[Dave Guy]] (honi/lipenenga), [[Kamal Gray]] (vinanda), na [[Raymond Angry]] (vinanda). The Roots wanajulikana kwa mtindo wao wa hip hop wenye mchanganyiko wa [[jazz rap|jazz]] na midundo ya kipekee inayohusisha upigaji wa vyombo vya muziki vya mubashara,<ref name="IH_Review">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theroots/albums/album/111873/review/5946009/illadelph_halflife|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506052925/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theroots/albums/album/111873/review/5946009/illadelph_halflife|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 6, 2007|title=Album Review: Illadelph Halflife|last=Powell|first=Kevin|date=October 24, 1996|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=January 25, 2010}}</ref> na kazi za kundi hili zimekuwa zikikosolewa na kusifiwa sana kwa ubora wake. Mtandao wa [[ThoughtCo]] uliweka bendi hii katika nafasi ya 7 kwenye orodha ya Makundi 25 Bora ya Hip-Hop ya Muda Wote, ukiwaita "Bendi ya kwanza halisi ya hip-hop."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thoughtco.com/best-rap-groups-2857977 |title=25 Greatest Hip-Hop Groups – Best Rap Groups of All Time |website=ThoughtCo. |first=Henry |last=Adaso |date=October 12, 2017 |access-date=March 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813111530/https://www.thoughtco.com/best-rap-groups-2857977|archive-date=August 13, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pamoja na muziki wa bendi hiyo, wanachama kadhaa wa The Roots wanajihusisha na miradi ya pembeni, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[mtayarishaji wa muziki|utayarishaji wa muziki]], uigizaji, na kushiriki mara kwa mara kama wasanii waalikwa kwenye albamu za wasanii wengine na kwenye matamasha ya mubashara. == Historia ya bendi == === 1987–1993: Miaka ya awali === [[File:The roots-03.jpg|thumb|left|Black Thought akiwa na The Roots mnamo mwaka 1999]] The Roots walianzia huko [[Philadelphia]] kupitia Ahmir "[[Questlove]]" Thompson na Tariq "[[Black Thought]]" Trotter walipokuwa wakisoma pamoja katika shule ya sekondari ya [[Philadelphia High School for the Creative and Performing Arts]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-roots-of-questloves-success/|title=The roots of Questlove's success|work=[[CBS News]]|date=September 14, 2014}}</ref> Walikuwa wakitumbuiza barabarani kwenye pembe za mitaa huku Questlove akipiga ndoo kama ngoma na Black Thought akichana mistari juu ya midundo hiyo. Onyesho lao la kwanza rasmi lilikuwa la kusaka vipaji shuleni mnamo mwaka 1989 ambapo walitumia jina la Radio Activity, ambalo lilikuwa mwanzo wa mfululizo wa mabadiliko ya majina yaliyopitia Black to the Future na baadae The Square Roots.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thompson |first1=Ahmir 'Questlove' |last2=Greenman |first2=Ben |author-link2=Ben Greenman |year=2013 |title=Mo' Meta Blues: The World According to Questlove |publisher=Hachette Book Group |page=88 |chapter=Chapter 9}}</ref> Rapa mwingine, Malik B., na mpiga besi wa kudumu, Leonard "Hub" Hubbard, waliongezwa kwenye bendi kabla ya kutoka kwa albamu yao ya kwanza. Mnamo mwaka 1992, waliondoa neno "Square" na kubaki "The Roots" kwa sababu kundi lingine la muziki wa asili la eneo hilo lilikuwa na hakimiliki ya jina hilo. Baada ya kushindwa kupata mafanikio makubwa katika mji wao wa nyumbani wa Philadelphia, bendi hiyo ilihamia London kwa muda mfupi, ambako walitoa albamu yao ya kwanza ya mwaka 1993, ''[[Organix (albamu ya The Roots)|Organix]]''. Albamu hii ilitolewa na kuuzwa kwa kujitegemea. Ndani ya kipindi cha mwaka mmoja, bendi hiyo ilitengeneza kundi kubwa la washabiki waaminifu barani Ulaya, jambo lililochochewa na ziara zao za matamasha. The Roots walianza kupata ofa kutoka kwa lebo mbalimbali za muziki, na hatimaye bendi hiyo ilisaini mkataba na DGC/Geffen. === 1994–1997: ''Do You Want More?!!!??!'' na ''Illadelph Halflife'' === Albamu ya kwanza ya The Roots chini ya lebo ya DGC, ''[[Do You Want More?!!!??!]]'', ilitolewa nchini Marekani mwaka mmoja baada ya kusaini mkataba huo. Wakati wa mchakato wa kurekodi, mwanamuziki wa beatbox [[Rahzel]] na mpiga vinanda [[Scott Storch]] walijiunga na bendi.<ref name="amg">{{cite web|last=Bush|first= John|title=The Roots – Biography|url= {{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p168531|pure_url=yes}} |work=Allmusic|year=2008|access-date=March 3, 2009}}</ref> Kuongezeka kwa wanachama hawa wawili kuliongeza vionjo na ukubwa wa sauti ya bendi hiyo, na kuongeza hamasa kwenye vipindi vyao vya kupiga muziki huko Philadelphia, ambavyo bendi hiyo ilikuja kuvitumia kama sampuli za nyimbo kwenye albamu ya ''Do You Want More?!!!??!''. Wimbo wa utangulizi wa albamu hiyo unamwonyesha Black Thought akitambulisha mtindo wao wa muziki kama "organic hip hop jazz"; albamu hii inasifika kwa mchanganyiko wa mtindo wa kisasa wa hip hop wa [[East Coast hip hop]] na vionjo vya [[jazz]], ikitegemea sana vinanda vya Fender Rhodes vya Storch na saksofoni ya mwanamuziki mualikwa [[Steve Coleman]]. Albamu ilitoa nyimbo tatu zilizosindikizwa na video zake: "Proceed", "Distortion to Static", na "Silent Treatment". Albamu ilipata mafanikio ya kiasi miongoni mwa mashabiki wa muziki mbadala ([[alternative hip hop]]), huku ikisaidiwa zaidi na kuonekana kwa kundi hilo kwenye tamasha la [[Lollapalooza]]. Mnamo mwaka 1995, bendi hiyo ilitumbuiza kwenye Tamasha la Jazz la Montreux ([[Montreux Jazz Festival]]). Katika miaka iliyofuata tangu kutoka kwake, ''Do You Want More?!!!??!'' imekuja kuchukuliwa kama albamu ya kihistoria na ya kisasa ya [[jazz rap]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.vinylmeplease.com/magazine/the-ten-best-jazz-rap-albums-to-own-on-vinyl/|title=The 10 Best Jazz Rap Albums To Own On Vinyl|website=Vinylmeplease.com|date=November 4, 2016}}</ref> [[File:The roots-01.jpg|thumb|The Roots mnamo mwaka 1999]] Albamu ya mwaka 1996 ya ''[[Illadelph Halflife]]'' ilikuwa albamu ya tatu ya kundi hilo na ikawa ya kwanza kuingia kwenye 40 bora ya chati za [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]],<ref name="amg"/> ikichangiwa kwa kiasi fulani na kituo cha MTV kucheza video ya wimbo wa "What They Do" (ambao ulikuwa ukiiga na kufanyia dhihaka mambo yaliyozoeleka kwenye video za rap)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1433815/19970107/roots.jhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011030233000/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1433815/19970107/roots.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 30, 2001 |title=Roots Take A Swing At Video Cliches |date=January 7, 1997 |website=MTV News |access-date=March 3, 2009}}</ref> na wimbo wa "Clones", ambao ulikuwa wimbo wao wa kwanza kufika tano bora kwenye chati za rap. Wimbo wa "What They Do" pia ulikuwa wimbo wa kwanza wa kundi hilo kuingia kwenye [[Top 40]] ya chati za Billboard, ukishika nafasi ya 34. Scott Storch aliondoka kwenye bendi na nafasi yake kuchukuliwa na mpiga vinanda mpya, [[Kamal Gray]]. Mtindo wa sauti wa bendi hiyo ulichukua mwelekeo wa giza zaidi katika kipindi hiki, ukiwa umechochewa sana na kundi la [[the Wu-Tang Clan]] pamoja na mtindo wa utayarishaji wa [[RZA]] uliokuwa wa chini na wa kuvutia, ukiwa umejaa sampuli kutoka kwenye muziki wa zamani wa jazz na muziki wa klasiki. Albamu hii pia inajulikana kwa kushirikisha wasanii wengi na washirika wa karibu, akiwemo [[Common (rapa)|Common]], [[D'Angelo]], [[Q-Tip (rapa)|Q-Tip]], na wengineo. Ushirikiano huu ulitoa msingi wa kuundwa kwa kundi la [[Soulquarians]] na kukuza uhusiano wa The Roots na mtindo mdogo wa muziki wa [[neo-soul]]. == Diskografia == {{Main|Diskografia ya The Roots}} === Albamu za studio === * ''[[Organix (albamu)|Organix]]'' (1993) * ''[[Do You Want More?!!!??!]]'' (1995) * ''[[Illadelph Halflife]]'' (1996) * ''[[Things Fall Apart (albamu)|Things Fall Apart]]'' (1999) * ''[[Phrenology (albamu)|Phrenology]]'' (2002) * ''[[The Tipping Point (albamu ya The Roots)|The Tipping Point]]'' (2004) * ''[[Game Theory (albamu)|Game Theory]]'' (2006) * ''[[Rising Down]]'' (2008) * ''[[How I Got Over (albamu)|How I Got Over]]'' (2010) * ''[[Undun]]'' (2011) * ''[[...And Then You Shoot Your Cousin]]'' (2014) == Marejeo == {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|The Roots}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110219130041/http://www.theroots.com/ Tovuti rasmi ya The Roots] * [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p168531|pure_url=yes}} The Roots] katika Allmusic * {{discogs artist|The Roots}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070226072038/http://www.therootsarchive.com/ TheRootsArchive.com] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061029111700/http://www4.islanddefjam.com/media/theroots/retrospective.html Uchambuzi wa The Roots] katika DefJam * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061029111700/http://www4.islanddefjam.com/media/theroots/retrospective.html Philadelphia ya kina The Roots] katika MapQuest {{The Roots}} [[Jamii:Makundi ya hip hop ya Marekani]] 1u41fwd0l7xq4dowp9q8vrtc8v2sfol Garry Birtles 0 235485 1543905 2026-05-15T19:25:41Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Garry Birtles''' (amezaliwa 27 Julai 1956) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji katika Ligi ya mpira kati ya miaka ya 1970 na 1990.<ref name=fl>{{NeilBrownPlayers|player/garrybirtles}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1956|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1543905 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Garry Birtles''' (amezaliwa 27 Julai 1956) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji katika Ligi ya mpira kati ya miaka ya 1970 na 1990.<ref name=fl>{{NeilBrownPlayers|player/garrybirtles}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1956|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q19rurmdrno3mom45dvs6neaji374wy Jacqueline Aguilera 0 235486 1543907 2026-05-15T19:29:25Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jacqueline María Aguilera Marcano''' (alizaliwa [[Novemba 17]], [[1976]] huko [[Valencia]], Carabobo) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Venezuela]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1995]], na kuwa mwanamke wa tano kutoka [[Venezuela]] kushika taji la Miss World.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top Model of the World |url=http://www.topmd.com.cn/intro.asp |publisher=Top Model |access-date=9 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100926071...' 1543907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacqueline María Aguilera Marcano''' (alizaliwa [[Novemba 17]], [[1976]] huko [[Valencia]], Carabobo) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Venezuela]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1995]], na kuwa mwanamke wa tano kutoka [[Venezuela]] kushika taji la Miss World.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top Model of the World |url=http://www.topmd.com.cn/intro.asp |publisher=Top Model |access-date=9 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100926071023/http://www.topmd.com.cn/intro.asp |archive-date=26 September 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Miss Venezuela is on top of the world|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LB&p_theme=lb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EAE907A8A458671&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|access-date=4 March 2011|newspaper=[[Press-Telegram]]|date=November 19, 1995|archive-date=29 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181029191619/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LB&p_theme=lb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EAE907A8A458671&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Venezuela]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8lo5zsj40prqyeowwrwcus5vdfenb2e Francis Birley 0 235487 1543908 2026-05-15T19:31:33Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Francis Hornby Birley''' (14 Machi 1850 – 1 Agosti 1910) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyekuwa akicheza kama kiungo wa ulinzi. Alishinda FA Cup mara tatu katika miaka ya 1870 na aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara mbili mwaka 1874 na [1875]. == Kazi == === Winchester College === Birley alizaliwa Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester.<ref name = Warsop>{{cite book |last= Warsop|first= Keith|title= The Early...' 1543908 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francis Hornby Birley''' (14 Machi 1850 – 1 Agosti 1910) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyekuwa akicheza kama kiungo wa ulinzi. Alishinda FA Cup mara tatu katika miaka ya 1870 na aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara mbili mwaka 1874 na [1875]. == Kazi == === Winchester College === Birley alizaliwa Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester.<ref name = Warsop>{{cite book |last= Warsop|first= Keith|title= The Early FA Cup Finals and the Southern Amateurs|year= 2004|publisher= SoccerData|isbn= 1-899468-78-1|pages=63–64}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1850|1910}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] pik3q0fv5msfoo3ggh8hwg6lioxqbn1 María Julia Mantilla 0 235488 1543909 2026-05-15T19:40:05Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''María Julia Mantilla García''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 10]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanadansi]], [[mwanamitindo]], mwalimu, na mrembo wa [[Peru]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2004]] nchini [[China]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss World|url=https://www.missworld.com/#/past_winners|access-date=2021-05-22|website=www.missworld.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Peru]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] Jamii:Watu...' 1543909 wikitext text/x-wiki '''María Julia Mantilla García''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 10]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanadansi]], [[mwanamitindo]], mwalimu, na mrembo wa [[Peru]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2004]] nchini [[China]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss World|url=https://www.missworld.com/#/past_winners|access-date=2021-05-22|website=www.missworld.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Peru]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Peru]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji wa Peru]] 3vvydsa1ytnr0vfa88lpud4dlz7rz21 1543912 1543909 2026-05-15T19:42:03Z Ally0111 85292 1543912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''María Julia Mantilla García''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 10]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]],mwanadansi, [[mwanamitindo]], mwalimu, na mrembo wa [[Peru]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2004]] nchini [[China]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Miss World|url=https://www.missworld.com/#/past_winners|access-date=2021-05-22|website=www.missworld.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Peru]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Peru]] tgj9lvcta1rjeuncuggc820yhdqyc4t 1543922 1543912 2026-05-15T20:06:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543922 wikitext text/x-wiki '''María Julia Mantilla García''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 10]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]],mwanadansi, [[mwanamitindo]], mwalimu, na mrembo wa [[Peru]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2004]] nchini [[China]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Miss World|url=https://www.missworld.com/#/past_winners|access-date=2021-05-22|website=www.missworld.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Peru]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Peru]] 2v071mmkfde55tmfe1v8lz5uhfla0l9 Rosanna Davison 0 235489 1543914 2026-05-15T19:47:32Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rosanna Diane Davison''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 17]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mwimbaji, [[mwandishi]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Eire]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2003]]. Yeye ni binti wa mwanamuziki [[Chris de Burgh]], na wimbo "For Rosanna" uliandikwa na baba yake kwa ajili ya albamu yake ya nane, ''Into the Light'' ([[1986]]) kwa heshima yake. Davison ni mtaalamu wa lishe aliyehitimu na amekuwa akitangaza faida za kiafya za lish...' 1543914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rosanna Diane Davison''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 17]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mwimbaji, [[mwandishi]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Eire]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2003]]. Yeye ni binti wa mwanamuziki [[Chris de Burgh]], na wimbo "For Rosanna" uliandikwa na baba yake kwa ajili ya albamu yake ya nane, ''Into the Light'' ([[1986]]) kwa heshima yake. Davison ni mtaalamu wa lishe aliyehitimu na amekuwa akitangaza faida za kiafya za lishe inayotokana na mimea.<ref name="Champions">[https://champions-speakers.co.uk/speaker-agent/rosanna-davison "Rosanna Davison"]. champions-speakers.co.uk. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.independent.ie/life/health-wellbeing/why-rosanna-davison-is-the-queen-of-nutrition-30582690.html "Why Rosanna Davison is the Queen of Nutrition"]. independent.ie. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.rudehealthmagazine.ie/rosanna-davison "Celebrity Health: Rosanna Davison"]. rudehealthmagazine.ie. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Eire]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji wa Eire]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Eire]] 7jm4z1krcnlk9bcimhf0ctuf2hsi5tn Azra Akın 0 235490 1543919 2026-05-15T19:59:16Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Azra Akın''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 8]], [[1981]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mwanadansi, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo mwenye asili ya [[Uturuki]] na [[Uholanzi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2002]] huko [[London]] tarehe [[7 Desemba]] 2002. Anajulikana zaidi kwa mfululizo wa ''Yağmur Zamanı''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.haberler.com/azra-akin/biyografisi/|title=Azra Akın Kimdir? - Azra Akın Hayatı ve Biyografisi|website=Haberler|accessdate=14...' 1543919 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Azra Akın''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 8]], [[1981]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mwanadansi, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo mwenye asili ya [[Uturuki]] na [[Uholanzi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2002]] huko [[London]] tarehe [[7 Desemba]] 2002. Anajulikana zaidi kwa mfululizo wa ''Yağmur Zamanı''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.haberler.com/azra-akin/biyografisi/|title=Azra Akın Kimdir? - Azra Akın Hayatı ve Biyografisi|website=Haberler|accessdate=14 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="Sabah">{{cite web |publisher=Sabah News|title=Birinci olmak beni değiştirmedi|url=http://arsiv.sabah.com.tr/2002/03/22/z01.html|access-date=2010-12-23}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uturuki]] 216mh51fla7ssasiy6hvujx53aqn63o Yukta Mookhey 0 235491 1543924 2026-05-15T20:08:22Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yukta Inderlal Mookhey''' ni mwanaharakati wa kiraia na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[India]] na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1999]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa nne wa India kushinda Miss World na alitwaa taji la Femina Miss India World mwaka 1999. Pia ni [[mwigizaji]] wa zamani, na amefanya kazi katika filamu za Kihindi kama Kitamil, na Kitelegu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Yukta Mookhey: Do you know the Miss World 1999 has a degree in Zoology? |url=http...' 1543924 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yukta Inderlal Mookhey''' ni mwanaharakati wa kiraia na [[mwanamitindo]] wa [[India]] na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1999]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa nne wa India kushinda Miss World na alitwaa taji la Femina Miss India World mwaka 1999. Pia ni [[mwigizaji]] wa zamani, na amefanya kazi katika filamu za Kihindi kama Kitamil, na Kitelegu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Yukta Mookhey: Do you know the Miss World 1999 has a degree in Zoology? |url=https://www.mid-day.com/photos/yukta-mookhey-do-you-know-the-miss-world-1999-has-a-degree-in-zoology/63764 |access-date=4 November 2019 |work=mid-day |date=7 October 2019 |language=en |archive-date=7 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007143733/https://www.mid-day.com/photos/yukta-mookhey-do-you-know-the-miss-world-1999-has-a-degree-in-zoology/63764 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=New Straits Times - Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1309&dat=19991206&id=a_1OAAAAIBAJ&pg=4767,4115213&hl=en) |access-date=4 November 2019 |work=news.google.com |archive-date=27 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527151826/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1309&dat=19991206&id=a_1OAAAAIBAJ&pg=4767,4115213&hl=en) |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1970]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uhindi]] bnocct53niqlyhwvug6q268z8b1gbt6 Linor Abargil 0 235492 1543929 2026-05-15T20:28:09Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Linor Abargil''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 17]], [[1980]]) ni [[wakili]], [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Israeli]] aliyeshinda taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1998]], muda mfupi baada ya kubakwa. Tangu wakati huo, amekuwa mtetezi wa kimataifa katika mapambano dhidi ya unyanyasaji wa kijinsia. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[1997]], [[Diana Hayden]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S23/96/38A08/index...' 1543929 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Linor Abargil''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 17]], [[1980]]) ni [[wakili]], [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Israeli]] aliyeshinda taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1998]], muda mfupi baada ya kubakwa. Tangu wakati huo, amekuwa mtetezi wa kimataifa katika mapambano dhidi ya unyanyasaji wa kijinsia. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[1997]], [[Diana Hayden]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S23/96/38A08/index.xml?section=announcements | title=Take Back the Night features former Miss World Linor Abargil | access-date=July 12, 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923040359/http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S23/96/38A08/index.xml?section=announcements | archive-date=September 23, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Linor cruises to Miss World title | work=BBC News | url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/222809.stm | access-date=July 12, 2010 | date=November 27, 1998}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Israeli]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Israeli]] 5o4hfpp9kv9e9j81z700qxndxkgnfiw Diana Hayden 0 235493 1543936 2026-05-15T20:34:47Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Diana Hayden''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 1]], [[1973]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, [[mwanamitindo]], na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1997]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa tatu wa [[Uhindi]] kushinda taji la Miss World. Pia alishinda taji tatu ndogo wakati wa shindano hilo na ndiye mshindi wa pekee wa Miss World kufanya hivyo. Mwaka [[2008]], alikuwa mshiriki wa shindano la uhalisia la Bigg Boss.<ref name="Chopra">{{cite magazine |last1=...' 1543936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diana Hayden''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 1]], [[1973]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, [[mwanamitindo]], na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1997]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa tatu wa [[Uhindi]] kushinda taji la Miss World. Pia alishinda taji tatu ndogo wakati wa shindano hilo na ndiye mshindi wa pekee wa Miss World kufanya hivyo. Mwaka [[2008]], alikuwa mshiriki wa shindano la uhalisia la Bigg Boss.<ref name="Chopra">{{cite magazine |last1=Chopra |first1=Anupama |author-link1=Anupama Chopra |last2=Menon |first2=Amarnath K. |date=8 December 1997 |title=Beauty, brains, loads of confidence see Diana Hayden walk away with Miss World crown |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/living/story/19971208-beauty-brains-loads-of-confidence-see-diana-hayden-walk-away-with-miss-world-crown-831025-1997-12-08 |url-status=live |magazine=[[India Today]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220227011628/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/living/story/19971208-beauty-brains-loads-of-confidence-see-diana-hayden-walk-away-with-miss-world-crown-831025-1997-12-08 |archive-date=27 February 2022 |quote=Diana Hayden, all 5 ft 8 inches of her, was making an impression long before the judging began.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-27|title=Diana Hayden says she is proud of her brown skin as Biplab Deb says didn't intend to hurt anyone|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/diana-hayden-says-she-is-proud-of-her-brown-skin-as-biplab-deb-says-didn-t-intend-to-hurt-anyone/story-U47Ox2L4Rwe2bArPi1jpEJ.html|access-date=2021-11-24|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uhindi]] 4hos4o4npokbohn3ac97ex0hrks93wt 1543959 1543936 2026-05-15T21:44:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543959 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diana Hayden''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 1]], [[1973]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa televisheni, [[mwanamitindo]], na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[1997]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa tatu wa [[Uhindi]] kushinda taji la Miss World. Pia alishinda taji tatu ndogo wakati wa shindano hilo na ndiye mshindi wa pekee wa Miss World kufanya hivyo. Mwaka [[2008]], alikuwa mshiriki wa shindano la uhalisia la Bigg Boss.<ref name="Chopra">{{cite magazine |last1=Chopra |first1=Anupama |author-link1=Anupama Chopra |last2=Menon |first2=Amarnath K. |date=8 December 1997 |title=Beauty, brains, loads of confidence see Diana Hayden walk away with Miss World crown |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/living/story/19971208-beauty-brains-loads-of-confidence-see-diana-hayden-walk-away-with-miss-world-crown-831025-1997-12-08 |url-status=live |magazine=[[India Today]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220227011628/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/living/story/19971208-beauty-brains-loads-of-confidence-see-diana-hayden-walk-away-with-miss-world-crown-831025-1997-12-08 |archive-date=27 February 2022 |quote=Diana Hayden, all 5 ft 8 inches of her, was making an impression long before the judging began.}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2018-04-27|title=Diana Hayden says she is proud of her brown skin as Biplab Deb says didn't intend to hurt anyone|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/diana-hayden-says-she-is-proud-of-her-brown-skin-as-biplab-deb-says-didn-t-intend-to-hurt-anyone/story-U47Ox2L4Rwe2bArPi1jpEJ.html|access-date=2021-11-24|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uhindi]] i7pb9u6bi2n3ge3h3a2rb5usphljszc Kaiane Aldorino 0 235495 1543942 2026-05-15T20:52:28Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kaiane Loise Aldorino Lopez''' ( alizaliwa [[Julai 8]], [[1986]]<ref name="birth">{{cite web |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSNH-6SFL-R |title=Film # 008072651 Image Film # 008072651; ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSNH-6SFL-R — FamilySearch.org |website=[[FamilySearch]] |access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref>) ni [[mwanamitindo]] mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Gibraltar]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2009]] na Meya wa zamani. Kuan...' 1543942 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kaiane Loise Aldorino Lopez''' ( alizaliwa [[Julai 8]], [[1986]]<ref name="birth">{{cite web |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSNH-6SFL-R |title=Film # 008072651 Image Film # 008072651; ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSNH-6SFL-R — FamilySearch.org |website=[[FamilySearch]] |access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref>) ni [[mwanamitindo]] mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Gibraltar]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2009]] na Meya wa zamani. Kuanzia [[2017]] hadi [[2019]], alishikilia nafasi ya kidini ya Meya wa Gibraltar, baada ya hapo awali kuhudumu kama Naibu Meya tangu [[2014]]. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2008]], [[Ksenia Sukhinova]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://giblive.com/1127/advertising/|title=Gibraltar News|work=GibLive!|access-date=10 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129225730/http://giblive.com/1127/advertising/|archive-date=29 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.euroweeklynews.com/3.0.15/news/on-euro-weekly-news/gibraltar-news/143822-former-miss-world-to-become-mayor-of-gibraltar |title=Former Miss World to become mayor of Gibraltar |access-date=2017-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317143139/https://www.euroweeklynews.com/3.0.15/news/on-euro-weekly-news/gibraltar-news/143822-former-miss-world-to-become-mayor-of-gibraltar |archive-date=2017-03-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Gibraltar]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2gkf52hkm9jgmsg78aatroh4e4y3wsk 1543983 1543942 2026-05-15T22:27:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1543983 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kaiane Loise Aldorino Lopez''' ( alizaliwa [[Julai 8]], [[1986]]<ref name="birth">{{cite web |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSNH-6SFL-R |title=Film # 008072651 Image Film # 008072651; ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSNH-6SFL-R — FamilySearch.org |website=[[FamilySearch]] |access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref>) ni [[mwanamitindo]] mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Gibraltar]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2009]] na Meya wa zamani. Kuanzia [[2017]] hadi [[2019]], alishikilia nafasi ya kidini ya Meya wa Gibraltar, baada ya hapo awali kuhudumu kama Naibu Meya tangu [[2014]]. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2008]], [[Ksenia Sukhinova]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://giblive.com/1127/advertising/|title=Gibraltar News|work=GibLive!|access-date=10 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129225730/http://giblive.com/1127/advertising/|archive-date=29 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.euroweeklynews.com/3.0.15/news/on-euro-weekly-news/gibraltar-news/143822-former-miss-world-to-become-mayor-of-gibraltar |title=Former Miss World to become mayor of Gibraltar |access-date=2017-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317143139/https://www.euroweeklynews.com/3.0.15/news/on-euro-weekly-news/gibraltar-news/143822-former-miss-world-to-become-mayor-of-gibraltar |archive-date=2017-03-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Gibraltar]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1986]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] holecz4sjwomqx444qy8esoi7mjpn4x Alexandria Mills 0 235496 1543979 2026-05-15T22:23:29Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexandria Nichole Mills''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 26]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Marekani]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2010]] tarehe [[30 Oktoba]] 2010 huko Sanya, [[China]]. Mills ni mwanamke wa tatu kutoka Marekani kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2009]], [[Kaiane Aldorino]].<ref name=Ikenberg>{{cite news|url=http://www.courier-journal.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2010311020017 |title=S...' 1543979 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexandria Nichole Mills''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 26]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Marekani]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2010]] tarehe [[30 Oktoba]] 2010 huko Sanya, [[China]]. Mills ni mwanamke wa tatu kutoka Marekani kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2009]], [[Kaiane Aldorino]].<ref name=Ikenberg>{{cite news|url=http://www.courier-journal.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2010311020017 |title=Shepherdsvillian wins Miss World title in first try at pageants |first=Tamara |last=Ikenberg |work=The Courier-Journal |date=November 2, 2010 |access-date=November 24, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-11-02 |title=Miss US crowned Miss World 2010 |url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle09.asp?xfile=data/international/2010/October/international_October1408.xml&section=international |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=Khaleej Times Online |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102144735/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle09.asp?xfile=data/international/2010/October/international_October1408.xml&section=international |archive-date=2010-11-02}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l4mkkg61c9rtlha8mzcmbnaavzq7eyq Sid Bishop (mchezaji mpira aliyezaliwa 1900) 0 235497 1543993 2026-05-15T23:43:28Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sidney Macdonald Bishop''' (10 Februari 1900 – 4 Mei 1949)<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Sid Bishop |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] amba...' 1543993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidney Macdonald Bishop''' (10 Februari 1900 – 4 Mei 1949)<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Sid Bishop |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye nafasi yake kuu ilikuwa kiungo wa pembeni wa kulia (wing half), ingawa wakati mwingine pia alicheza kama mshambuliaji wa ndani. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1900|1949}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] mlaokmt4gn5w1hshrg9cjy1tbpx2gyh 1544146 1543993 2026-05-16T07:59:45Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidney Macdonald Bishop''' (10 Februari 1900 – 4 Mei 1949)<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Sid Bishop |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye nafasi yake kuu ilikuwa kiungo wa pembeni wa kulia (wing half), ingawa wakati mwingine pia alicheza kama mshambuliaji wa ndani. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1900|1949}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] njjr84wwtq9gwtdrdj3ct66x72tef7d 1544147 1544146 2026-05-16T08:00:07Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Sid Bishop (footballer, born 1900)]] hadi [[Sid Bishop (mchezaji mpira aliyezaliwa 1900)]] 1544146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidney Macdonald Bishop''' (10 Februari 1900 – 4 Mei 1949)<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Sid Bishop |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye nafasi yake kuu ilikuwa kiungo wa pembeni wa kulia (wing half), ingawa wakati mwingine pia alicheza kama mshambuliaji wa ndani. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1900|1949}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] njjr84wwtq9gwtdrdj3ct66x72tef7d Fred Blackburn (mwanasoka) 0 235498 1543994 2026-05-15T23:48:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''James Thomas Alfred Blackburn''' (20 Julai 1878 – 13 Machi 1951), anayejulikana kama '''Fred Blackburn''', alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa Blackburn Rovers na katika Southern League kwa West Ham United.<ref name=theyflysohigh>{{Cite web | title = Syd King 1902 - 1932 | first = Steve | last = Marsh | website = theyflysohigh.co.uk | accessdate = 27 Aprili 2018 | url = [http://theyfl...' 1543994 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Thomas Alfred Blackburn''' (20 Julai 1878 – 13 Machi 1951), anayejulikana kama '''Fred Blackburn''', alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa Blackburn Rovers na katika Southern League kwa West Ham United.<ref name=theyflysohigh>{{Cite web | title = Syd King 1902 - 1932 | first = Steve | last = Marsh | website = theyflysohigh.co.uk | accessdate = 27 Aprili 2018 | url = [http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}}](http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1878|1951}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 9jf1frluo6785ekec6k95p63xqm6m50 1544145 1543994 2026-05-16T07:56:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544145 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Thomas Alfred Blackburn''' (20 Julai 1878 – 13 Machi 1951), anayejulikana kama '''Fred Blackburn''', alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa Blackburn Rovers na katika Southern League kwa West Ham United.<ref name=theyflysohigh>{{Rejea tovuti | title = Syd King 1902 - 1932 | first = Steve | last = Marsh | website = theyflysohigh.co.uk | accessdate = 27 Aprili 2018 | url = [http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}}](http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1878|1951}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] l4mahcy69bj75rqu2a9ok5sc0fuqaz7 1544149 1544145 2026-05-16T08:00:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Fred Blackburn (footballer)]] hadi [[Fred Blackburn (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544145 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Thomas Alfred Blackburn''' (20 Julai 1878 – 13 Machi 1951), anayejulikana kama '''Fred Blackburn''', alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa Blackburn Rovers na katika Southern League kwa West Ham United.<ref name=theyflysohigh>{{Rejea tovuti | title = Syd King 1902 - 1932 | first = Steve | last = Marsh | website = theyflysohigh.co.uk | accessdate = 27 Aprili 2018 | url = [http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}}](http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1878|1951}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] l4mahcy69bj75rqu2a9ok5sc0fuqaz7 1544151 1544149 2026-05-16T08:01:01Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544151 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Thomas Alfred Blackburn''' (20 Julai 1878 – 13 Machi 1951), anayejulikana kama '''Fred Blackburn''', alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa Blackburn Rovers na katika Southern League kwa West Ham United.<ref name=theyflysohigh>{{Rejea tovuti | title = Syd King 1902 - 1932 | first = Steve | last = Marsh | website = theyflysohigh.co.uk | accessdate = 27 Aprili 2018 | url = [http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}}](http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/autographs-syd-king-2/4560573086}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1878|1951}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpirawa Uingereza]] sueilnibcanmm3jph3qw2vs0cia2k3p Ernie Blenkinsop 0 235499 1543995 2026-05-15T23:55:24Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sidney Macdonald Bishop''' (10 Februari 1900 – 4 Mei 1949)<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Sid Bishop |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] amba...' 1543995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidney Macdonald Bishop''' (10 Februari 1900 – 4 Mei 1949)<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Sid Bishop |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBishopSM.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=9 Septemba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye nafasi yake kuu ilikuwa kiungo wa pembeni wa kulia (wing half), ingawa wakati mwingine pia alicheza kama mshambuliaji wa ndani. == Kazi == Bishop alianza maisha yake ya soka kwa kuichezea London Schools, pamoja na kucheza soka la Jeshi la Anga wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia. Bishop aliendelea na kari yake katika Ilford F, kabla ya kuhamia Crystal Palace . == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1900|1949}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] lo0wo8qv2h80v7cyh1jfmy2imesoxmo George Blackburn (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1899) 0 235500 1543996 2026-05-16T00:01:13Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Fredrick Blackburn''' (3 Agosti 1899 – 7 Machi 1957) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu katika miaka ya mwanzo ya soka la kulipwa nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alicheza nafasi ya left-half na alicheza zaidi ya mechi 250 katika Ligi ya mpira wakati wa maisha yake ya soka, pamoja na kuichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England ) mara moja mwezi Mei 1924. == Maisha ya awali == Blackburn alizaliwa Willesden na aliishi Sandringham Road akiwa mtoto, akisoma...' 1543996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Fredrick Blackburn''' (3 Agosti 1899 – 7 Machi 1957) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu katika miaka ya mwanzo ya soka la kulipwa nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alicheza nafasi ya left-half na alicheza zaidi ya mechi 250 katika Ligi ya mpira wakati wa maisha yake ya soka, pamoja na kuichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England ) mara moja mwezi Mei 1924. == Maisha ya awali == Blackburn alizaliwa Willesden na aliishi Sandringham Road akiwa mtoto, akisoma katika shule ya Pound Lane School. Alikuwa mmoja wa watoto sita katika familia yao. Baba yake alikuwa fundi wa kumalizia bidhaa za shaba. == Kazi ya klabu == Blackburn alianza maisha yake ya soka katika Hampstead Town, ambayo sasa inajulikana kama Hendon. Alisajiliwa na Aston Villa kama mchezaji wa amateur mwezi Desemba 1920 na akaendelea kucheza zaidi ya mechi 100, ikiwemo fainali ya[1924 FA Cup Final]ambapo Aston Villa ilifungwa 2–0 na Newcastle United. Aliondoka Aston Villa mwezi Juni 1926 katika makubaliano ya kubadilishana wachezaji yaliyompeleka Joe Nicholson Aston Villa huku Blackburn akijiunga na Cardiff City.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.astonvillaplayerdatabase.com/124.html](http://www.astonvillaplayerdatabase.com/124.html) |title=George Blackburn |publisher=Aston Villa Player Database |access-date=19 Juni 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1899|1957}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 0teu8dp4dobof7kpapbvwm3ul51p5a1 1544152 1543996 2026-05-16T08:01:43Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[George Blackburn (footballer, born 1899)]] hadi [[George Blackburn (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1899)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1543996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Fredrick Blackburn''' (3 Agosti 1899 – 7 Machi 1957) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu katika miaka ya mwanzo ya soka la kulipwa nchini [[Uingereza]]. Alicheza nafasi ya left-half na alicheza zaidi ya mechi 250 katika Ligi ya mpira wakati wa maisha yake ya soka, pamoja na kuichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England ) mara moja mwezi Mei 1924. == Maisha ya awali == Blackburn alizaliwa Willesden na aliishi Sandringham Road akiwa mtoto, akisoma katika shule ya Pound Lane School. Alikuwa mmoja wa watoto sita katika familia yao. Baba yake alikuwa fundi wa kumalizia bidhaa za shaba. == Kazi ya klabu == Blackburn alianza maisha yake ya soka katika Hampstead Town, ambayo sasa inajulikana kama Hendon. Alisajiliwa na Aston Villa kama mchezaji wa amateur mwezi Desemba 1920 na akaendelea kucheza zaidi ya mechi 100, ikiwemo fainali ya[1924 FA Cup Final]ambapo Aston Villa ilifungwa 2–0 na Newcastle United. Aliondoka Aston Villa mwezi Juni 1926 katika makubaliano ya kubadilishana wachezaji yaliyompeleka Joe Nicholson Aston Villa huku Blackburn akijiunga na Cardiff City.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.astonvillaplayerdatabase.com/124.html](http://www.astonvillaplayerdatabase.com/124.html) |title=George Blackburn |publisher=Aston Villa Player Database |access-date=19 Juni 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1899|1957}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 0teu8dp4dobof7kpapbvwm3ul51p5a1 Jeff Blockley 0 235501 1543997 2026-05-16T00:04:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jeffrey Paul Blockley''' (amezaliwa 12 Septemba 1949) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama beki. Alicheza zaidi ya mechi 300 katika Ligi ya Soka ya Uingereza na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza.<ref name=fl>{{NeilBrownPlayers|player/jeffblockley}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1543997 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeffrey Paul Blockley''' (amezaliwa 12 Septemba 1949) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama beki. Alicheza zaidi ya mechi 300 katika Ligi ya Soka ya Uingereza na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza.<ref name=fl>{{NeilBrownPlayers|player/jeffblockley}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qbo6qqdkbv0xmc86hgc56mg4eypev8t Márcia Lopes (mwanasiasa) 0 235502 1543998 2026-05-16T00:06:12Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Márcia Helena Carvalho Lopes''' (alizaliwa 13 Juni 1957) ni m mfanyakazi wa kijamii (social worker), mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Waziri wa Wanawake katika serikali ya Rais [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-05 |title=Márcia Lopes se torna ministra das Mulheres |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2025/05/05/lula-confi...' 1543998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Márcia Helena Carvalho Lopes''' (alizaliwa 13 Juni 1957) ni m mfanyakazi wa kijamii (social worker), mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Waziri wa Wanawake katika serikali ya Rais [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-05 |title=Márcia Lopes se torna ministra das Mulheres |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2025/05/05/lula-confirma-mudanca-no-comando-do-ministerio-das-mulheres.ghtml |website=G1 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gov.br/mulheres/pt-br Tovuti Rasmi ya Wizara ya Wanawake ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1957||Lopes, Marcia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] r46vf9nqykb0cxowk6vskjnio1oyjj0 1544155 1543998 2026-05-16T08:02:19Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544155 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Márcia Helena Carvalho Lopes''' (alizaliwa 13 Juni 1957) ni mfanyakazi wa kijamii (social worker), mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Waziri wa Wanawake katika serikali ya Rais [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-05 |title=Márcia Lopes se torna ministra das Mulheres |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2025/05/05/lula-confirma-mudanca-no-comando-do-ministerio-das-mulheres.ghtml |website=G1 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gov.br/mulheres/pt-br Tovuti Rasmi ya Wizara ya Wanawake ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1957||Lopes, Marcia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] kdunsnzt16ldnlpaa0988huxps9lsfn 1544156 1544155 2026-05-16T08:02:33Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Márcia Lopes (politician)]] hadi [[Márcia Lopes (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544155 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Márcia Helena Carvalho Lopes''' (alizaliwa 13 Juni 1957) ni mfanyakazi wa kijamii (social worker), mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Waziri wa Wanawake katika serikali ya Rais [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-05 |title=Márcia Lopes se torna ministra das Mulheres |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2025/05/05/lula-confirma-mudanca-no-comando-do-ministerio-das-mulheres.ghtml |website=G1 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gov.br/mulheres/pt-br Tovuti Rasmi ya Wizara ya Wanawake ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1957||Lopes, Marcia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] kdunsnzt16ldnlpaa0988huxps9lsfn 1544266 1544156 2026-05-16T10:30:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544266 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Márcia Helena Carvalho Lopes''' (alizaliwa 13 Juni 1957) ni mfanyakazi wa kijamii (social worker), mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Waziri wa Wanawake katika serikali ya Rais [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2025-05-05 |title=Márcia Lopes se torna ministra das Mulheres |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/noticia/2025/05/05/lula-confirma-mudanca-no-comando-do-ministerio-das-mulheres.ghtml |website=G1 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gov.br/mulheres/pt-br Tovuti Rasmi ya Wizara ya Wanawake ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1957||Lopes, Marcia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] qio92i3h7zgfnuinx0mzocflhpduglq Loreny Loreny 0 235503 1543999 2026-05-16T00:09:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Loreny Mayara Caetano Roberto''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1991), anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Loreny''', ni mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa sera za umma na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Solidariedade]]. Kati ya mwezi Aprili na Julai 2024, alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/171139/biografia|title=Loreny – Biografi...' 1543999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Loreny Mayara Caetano Roberto''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1991), anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Loreny''', ni mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa sera za umma na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Solidariedade]]. Kati ya mwezi Aprili na Julai 2024, alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/171139/biografia|title=Loreny – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/171139 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991||Loreny}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka São Paulo (jimbo)]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bb61lms91x2z0115246o0yxx4qto1z5 Frank Blunstone 0 235504 1544000 2026-05-16T00:10:31Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frank Blunstone''' (amezaliwa 17 Oktoba 1934) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama outside left kwa vilabu vya Crewe Alexandra, Chelsea na timu ya taifa ya England (England). == Kazi ya uchezaji == Baada ya kushangaza wengi kwa kuikataa Wolverhampton Wanderers na kuamua kuichezea klabu ya kwao, Blunstone alisaini mkataba wa kulipwa na Crewe mapema mwaka 1952. Kufuatia mfululizo wa maonyesho mazuri katika D...' 1544000 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Blunstone''' (amezaliwa 17 Oktoba 1934) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama outside left kwa vilabu vya Crewe Alexandra, Chelsea na timu ya taifa ya England (England). == Kazi ya uchezaji == Baada ya kushangaza wengi kwa kuikataa Wolverhampton Wanderers na kuamua kuichezea klabu ya kwao, Blunstone alisaini mkataba wa kulipwa na Crewe mapema mwaka 1952. Kufuatia mfululizo wa maonyesho mazuri katika Division Three North, alisajiliwa na kocha wa Chelsea Ted Drake kwa ada ya pauni £7,500 mwaka mmoja baadaye huku akiwa bado katika huduma ya taifa (national service). Blunstone alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza kwa Chelsea mwezi Februari 1953 katika ushindi wa mabao 3–2 dhidi ya Tottenham Hotspur kwenye uwanja wa White Hart Lane, ambapo alifunga bao la tatu lililoihakikishia Chelsea ushindi. Miaka yake ya mwanzo Chelsea haikuwa na mafanikio makubwa, lakini katika msimu wa 1954–55 Chelsea ilitwaa ubingwa wa First Division, huku Blunstone akiwa mmoja wa wachezaji muhimu wa kikosi hicho.<ref name=champions>{{cite news |url=[https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/c/chelsea/4374647.stm](https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/c/chelsea/4374647.stm) |title=Champions of a different era |first=Charlie |last=Henderson |publisher=BBC Sport |date=30 Aprili 2005 |access-date=8 Desemba 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1934|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] ght5fn8154o3hyjwy18fclmwmvpmguk Antônia Lúcia 0 235505 1544001 2026-05-16T00:12:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antônia Luciléia Cruz Ramos Câmara''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Antônia Lúcia''' (alizaliwa 17 Julai 1970), ni mnomi wa uchumi, mfanyabiashara, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] tangu mwaka 2023. Awali, alifanya kazi katika nafasi hiyo kwa kipindi cha kwanza kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/123756/biogr...' 1544001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antônia Luciléia Cruz Ramos Câmara''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Antônia Lúcia''' (alizaliwa 17 Julai 1970), ni mnomi wa uchumi, mfanyabiashara, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] tangu mwaka 2023. Awali, alifanya kazi katika nafasi hiyo kwa kipindi cha kwanza kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/123756/biografia|title=Antônia Lúcia – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/123756 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970||Lucia, Antonia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Acre (jimbo)]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jgnzw1f4txzrn80iv8nhbvcvrwab5wu 1544002 1544001 2026-05-16T00:13:22Z Egipa 87700 1544002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antônia Luciléia Cruz Ramos Câmara''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Antônia Lúcia''' (alizaliwa 17 Julai 1970), ni mnomi wa uchumi, mfanyabiashara, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] tangu mwaka 2023. Awali, alifanya kazi katika nafasi hiyo kwa kipindi cha kwanza kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/123756/biografia|title=Antônia Lúcia – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/123756 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970||Lucia, Antonia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9qsmix18z25i8qfaltyp0sfxgqkdvwp Dicky Bond 0 235506 1544003 2026-05-16T00:14:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Richard Bond''' (14 Desemba 1883 – 25 Aprili 1955) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza nafasi ya winga wa kulia. Alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara nane na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka katika Bradford City , ambapo alicheza zaidi ya mechi 300. == Kazi ya uchezaji wa klabu == === Preston North End === Akiwa amezaliwa Garstang, Uingereza, Bond alianza kazi yake ya soka akiwa na Royal Artillery kab...' 1544003 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Bond''' (14 Desemba 1883 – 25 Aprili 1955) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza nafasi ya winga wa kulia. Alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara nane na alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka katika Bradford City , ambapo alicheza zaidi ya mechi 300. == Kazi ya uchezaji wa klabu == === Preston North End === Akiwa amezaliwa Garstang, Uingereza, Bond alianza kazi yake ya soka akiwa na Royal Artillery kabla ya kusaini mkataba wa kitaalamu na Preston North End mwezi Agosti 1902.<ref name="frost">{{cite book | last = Frost | first = Terry | title = Bradford City A Complete Record 1903–1988 | publisher = Breedon Books Sport | year = 1988 | pages = 87 | isbn = 0-907969-38-0}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1883|1955}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] gkabwid1ukff2pqcw9qt03tnaisf762 Raquel Lyra 0 235507 1544004 2026-05-16T00:16:28Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Raquel Teixeira Lyra Lucena''' (alizaliwa 2 Desemba 1978) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Gavana wa jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] tangu mwaka 2023. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011)|Social Democratic Party (PSD), baada ya kuhama kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] (PSDB). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.pe.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Serikali ya...' 1544004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raquel Teixeira Lyra Lucena''' (alizaliwa 2 Desemba 1978) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Gavana wa jimbo la [[Pernambuco]] tangu mwaka 2023. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011)|Social Democratic Party (PSD), baada ya kuhama kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] (PSDB). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.pe.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Serikali ya Jimbo la Pernambuco] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978||Lyra, Raquel}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1tz72wsb5sn8zgup7zqnzw4ajrc9wrd Alexander Bonsor 0 235508 1544005 2026-05-16T00:16:29Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alexander George Bonsor''' (7 Oktoba 1851 – 17 Agosti 1907) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]], na mmoja wa wachezaji wa mwanzo kabisa katika historia ya mchezo huo.<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1851|1907}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]]' 1544005 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexander George Bonsor''' (7 Oktoba 1851 – 17 Agosti 1907) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]], na mmoja wa wachezaji wa mwanzo kabisa katika historia ya mchezo huo.<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1851|1907}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] fs3mhycty9x2xs4l7tllg5r0o2z6rn9 Marina Maggessi 0 235509 1544006 2026-05-16T00:19:33Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marina Terra Maggessi de Souza''' (11 Februari 1959 — 9 Juni 2017), anajulikana zaidi kama '''Marina Maggessi''', alikuwa afisa wa polisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Popular Socialist Party (sasa hivi [[Cidadania]]). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141492 Wasifu wa zamani katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{BD|1959|2017|Maggessi, Marina}} Jamii:Wanasiasa wa B...' 1544006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marina Terra Maggessi de Souza''' (11 Februari 1959 — 9 Juni 2017), anajulikana zaidi kama '''Marina Maggessi''', alikuwa afisa wa polisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Popular Socialist Party (sasa hivi [[Cidadania]]). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141492 Wasifu wa zamani katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{BD|1959|2017|Maggessi, Marina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] 72h2kutzorq2rqshqzak239lbtu5zs0 Frank Booth (Tabby) 0 235510 1544007 2026-05-16T00:20:58Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frank Booth''' (Septemba 1882 – 22 Juni 1919), aliyefahamika pia kwa jina la utani la '''"Tabby"''',<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Manchester City Story |last=Ward |first=Andrew |publisher=Breedon Books |year=1984 |isbn=0-907969-05-4 |location=Derby |page=11}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa klabu za Stockport County, Manchester City na Bury. Alicheza katika nafasi ya winga wa kushoto....' 1544007 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Booth''' (Septemba 1882 – 22 Juni 1919), aliyefahamika pia kwa jina la utani la '''"Tabby"''',<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Manchester City Story |last=Ward |first=Andrew |publisher=Breedon Books |year=1984 |isbn=0-907969-05-4 |location=Derby |page=11}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa klabu za Stockport County, Manchester City na Bury. Alicheza katika nafasi ya winga wa kushoto. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1882|1919}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] o4mihlj6fsl52913osgz1dsfcmsx6q7 1544144 1544007 2026-05-16T07:55:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544144 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Booth''' (Septemba 1882 – 22 Juni 1919), aliyefahamika pia kwa jina la utani la '''"Tabby"''',<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |title=The Manchester City Story |last=Ward |first=Andrew |publisher=Breedon Books |year=1984 |isbn=0-907969-05-4 |location=Derby |page=11}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa klabu za Stockport County, Manchester City na Bury. Alicheza katika nafasi ya winga wa kushoto. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1882|1919}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] p35p9ict4tllzxegip7pahr5dsycjwe 1544158 1544144 2026-05-16T08:03:13Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Frank Booth (English footballer)]] hadi [[Frank Booth (Tabby)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1544144 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Booth''' (Septemba 1882 – 22 Juni 1919), aliyefahamika pia kwa jina la utani la '''"Tabby"''',<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |title=The Manchester City Story |last=Ward |first=Andrew |publisher=Breedon Books |year=1984 |isbn=0-907969-05-4 |location=Derby |page=11}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa klabu za Stockport County, Manchester City na Bury. Alicheza katika nafasi ya winga wa kushoto. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1882|1919}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] p35p9ict4tllzxegip7pahr5dsycjwe 1544160 1544158 2026-05-16T08:03:40Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544160 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Booth''' (Septemba 1882 – 22 Juni 1919), aliyefahamika pia kwa jina la utani la '''"Tabby"''',<ref>{{Rejea kitabu |title=The Manchester City Story |last=Ward |first=Andrew |publisher=Breedon Books |year=1984 |isbn=0-907969-05-4 |location=Derby |page=11}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya mpira kwa klabu za Stockport County, Manchester City na Bury. Alicheza katika nafasi ya winga wa kushoto. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1882|1919}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 6gwwcgbtiwvyhd3jowjmhpn4u62es6z Erica Malunguinho 0 235511 1544008 2026-05-16T00:22:25Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Erica Malunguinho da Silva''' (alizaliwa 20 Novemba 1981 mjini [[Recife]]) ni mwanasiasa, mwalimu, msanii wa maonyesho, na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]]. Mnamo tarehe 7 Oktoba 2018, alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la São Paulo (ALESP) baada ya kupata kura karibu 54,400. Ushindi huu ulikuwa wa kihistoria kwani alikua mwanamke wa kwanza trans (transgender) kuchaguliwa katika bunge la ngazi ya jimbo nchini Brazil. =...' 1544008 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Erica Malunguinho da Silva''' (alizaliwa 20 Novemba 1981 mjini [[Recife]]) ni mwanasiasa, mwalimu, msanii wa maonyesho, na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]]. Mnamo tarehe 7 Oktoba 2018, alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la São Paulo (ALESP) baada ya kupata kura karibu 54,400. Ushindi huu ulikuwa wa kihistoria kwani alikua mwanamke wa kwanza trans (transgender) kuchaguliwa katika bunge la ngazi ya jimbo nchini Brazil. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.sp.gov.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la São Paulo (ALESP)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1981||Silva, Erica Malunguinho da}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qib9e63ik2gkvu5ekq0oyy54sr107zo Tom Booth 0 235512 1544009 2026-05-16T00:24:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thomas Edward Booth''' (25 Aprili 1874 – 7 Septemba 1939) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya centre-half kwa vilabu vya Blackburn Rovers na Everton . Pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara mbili mwezi Machi 1898 na Aprili 1903. == Maisha binafsi == Booth alizaliwa Ardwick, Manchester, akiwa mtoto wa mwisho kati ya watoto saba wa Isaac na Sarah Booth.<ref name=Englandfootballonline>...' 1544009 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Edward Booth''' (25 Aprili 1874 – 7 Septemba 1939) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya centre-half kwa vilabu vya Blackburn Rovers na Everton . Pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara mbili mwezi Machi 1898 na Aprili 1903. == Maisha binafsi == Booth alizaliwa Ardwick, Manchester, akiwa mtoto wa mwisho kati ya watoto saba wa Isaac na Sarah Booth.<ref name=Englandfootballonline>{{cite web|title=Tom Booth|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBoothTE.html|work=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBoothTE.html|work=England) players |publisher=englandfootballonline|access-date=18 Novemba 2011}}</ref> Baba yake alikuwa karani wa hesabu.<ref name=Englandfootballonline/> Booth alimuoa Mary Elizabeth Brierley mwezi Septemba 1910.<ref name=Englandfootballonline/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1874|1939}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 0w7w1b1l3r173bkl8srtqbbtxuhmele Sofia Manzano 0 235513 1544010 2026-05-16T00:26:04Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sofia Padua Manzano''' (alizaliwa 19 Mei 1971) ni mwanauchumi, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anajulikana sana kama mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Brazil (PCB), ambapo alikuwa mgombea kiti cha [[Rais wa Brazil]] katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2014 (kama makamu) na mwaka 2022 (kama mgombea urais mkuu).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-17 |title=Pré-candidata à Presidência pelo PCB diz querer o fim da Lei de Respo...' 1544010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sofia Padua Manzano''' (alizaliwa 19 Mei 1971) ni mwanauchumi, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anajulikana sana kama mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Brazil (PCB), ambapo alikuwa mgombea kiti cha [[Rais wa Brazil]] katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2014 (kama makamu) na mwaka 2022 (kama mgombea urais mkuu).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-17 |title=Pré-candidata à Presidência pelo PCB diz querer o fim da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/politica/pre-candidata-a-presidencia-pelo-pcb-diz-querer-o-fim-da-lei-de-responsabilidade-fiscal/ |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://pcb.org.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Brazil (PCB)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Manzano, Sofia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rzb23sruor3y8k6v2qitlk4untoxc8v 1544013 1544010 2026-05-16T00:29:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544013 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sofia Padua Manzano''' (alizaliwa 19 Mei 1971) ni mwanauchumi, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anajulikana sana kama mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Brazil (PCB), ambapo alikuwa mgombea kiti cha [[Rais wa Brazil]] katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2014 (kama makamu) na mwaka 2022 (kama mgombea urais mkuu).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-02-17 |title=Pré-candidata à Presidência pelo PCB diz querer o fim da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/politica/pre-candidata-a-presidencia-pelo-pcb-diz-querer-o-fim-da-lei-de-responsabilidade-fiscal/ |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://pcb.org.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chama cha Kikomunisti cha Brazil (PCB)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Manzano, Sofia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g1155g2ygdpqxv4u8c5mqh7k2u66jzq Steve Bould 0 235514 1544011 2026-05-16T00:28:35Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stephen Andrew Bould''' (amezaliwa 16 Novemba 1962) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] na mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu ambaye kwa sasa ni kocha wa timu ya kwanza ya klabu ya EFL Championship ya Queens Park Rangers . Kama mchezaji, alikuwa beki kuanzia mwaka 1980 hadi 2000. Bould alianza maisha yake ya soka katika klabu ya nyumbani kwao ya Stoke City ambako alipata sifa kama beki kijana mwenye uwezo mkubwa. Baada ya kutumia...' 1544011 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephen Andrew Bould''' (amezaliwa 16 Novemba 1962) ni kocha wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] na mchezaji wa zamani wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu ambaye kwa sasa ni kocha wa timu ya kwanza ya klabu ya EFL Championship ya Queens Park Rangers . Kama mchezaji, alikuwa beki kuanzia mwaka 1980 hadi 2000. Bould alianza maisha yake ya soka katika klabu ya nyumbani kwao ya Stoke City ambako alipata sifa kama beki kijana mwenye uwezo mkubwa. Baada ya kutumia misimu saba na “Potters”, na kuwa mmoja wa [mabeki wa kati waliotafutwa sana katika soka la Uingereza, alihamia [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] mwaka 1988. Katika Highbury, aliunda safu imara ya ulinzi pamoja na Tony Adams , Nigel Winterburn na mwenzake wa zamani wa Stoke, Lee Dixon. Aliiondoka Arsenal mwaka 1999 na kumaliza maisha yake ya uchezaji katika Sunderland .<ref name="The Encyclopaedia of Stoke City">{{cite book|last=Matthews|first=Tony|title=The Encyclopaedia of Stoke City|year=1994|publisher=Lion Press|isbn=0952415100}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nhqp8e0g4v5x29nb48gzm22q7h130i2 Professora Marcivânia 0 235515 1544012 2026-05-16T00:29:28Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marcivânia do Socorro da Rocha Flexa''' (alizaliwa 21 Juni 1973), anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Professora Marcivânia''', ni mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Amapá]] tangu mwaka 2025. Awali alifanya kazi katika nafasi hiyo kwa vipindi vya mpito kati ya Februari na Julai 2011, na kwa mihula miwili kamili kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www....' 1544012 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcivânia do Socorro da Rocha Flexa''' (alizaliwa 21 Juni 1973), anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Professora Marcivânia''', ni mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Amapá]] tangu mwaka 2025. Awali alifanya kazi katika nafasi hiyo kwa vipindi vya mpito kati ya Februari na Julai 2011, na kwa mihula miwili kamili kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160641/biografia|title=Professora Marcivania – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160641 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Marcivania, Professora}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] njojjzy1aalbvm19wwhjd0qx24f4bzt Ray Bowden 0 235516 1544014 2026-05-16T00:32:05Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edwin Raymond Bowden''' (13 Septemba 1909 – 23 Septemba 1998) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza kama inside forward. Alifunga jumla ya mabao 130 katika mechi 316 za Ligi ya soka, akichezea vilabu vya Plymouth Argyle, Arsenal na Newcastle United . {{efn|Bowden alicheza mechi tatu na kufunga mabao matatu—ikiwa ni pamoja na ''hat-trick'' katika ushindi wa 8–1 dhidi ya [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea Town]]...' 1544014 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edwin Raymond Bowden''' (13 Septemba 1909 – 23 Septemba 1998) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza kama inside forward. Alifunga jumla ya mabao 130 katika mechi 316 za Ligi ya soka, akichezea vilabu vya Plymouth Argyle, Arsenal na Newcastle United . {{efn|Bowden alicheza mechi tatu na kufunga mabao matatu—ikiwa ni pamoja na ''hat-trick'' katika ushindi wa 8–1 dhidi ya [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea Town]]—katika msimu wa [[1939–40 Football League]] uliositishwa kutokana na kuanza kwa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.toon1892.com/detail_season.php?sid=44](https://www.toon1892.com/detail_season.php?sid=44) |title=Season Details: 1939–40 – League Division 2 – Abandoned |website=Toon1892 |publisher=Kenneth H Scott |access-date=28 Januari 2018}}</ref>}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1909|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] c802xhaften1g3doegbocvblt15vlf8 1544017 1544014 2026-05-16T00:34:18Z Valuegirl 87699 1544017 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edwin Raymond Bowden''' (13 Septemba 1909 – 23 Septemba 1998) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza kama inside forward. Alifunga jumla ya mabao 130 katika mechi 316 za Ligi ya soka, akichezea vilabu vya Plymouth Argyle, Arsenal na Newcastle United . Bowden alicheza mechi tatu na kufunga mabao matatu—ikiwa ni pamoja na ''hat-trick'' katika ushindi wa 8–1 dhidi ya [[Swansea City A.F.C.|Swansea Town]]—katika msimu wa [[1939–40 Football League]] uliositishwa kutokana na kuanza kwa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.toon1892.com/detail_season.php?sid=44](https://www.toon1892.com/detail_season.php?sid=44) |title=Season Details: 1939–40 – League Division 2 – Abandoned |website=Toon1892 |publisher=Kenneth H Scott |access-date=28 Januari 2018}}</ref>}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1909|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 9hshflrycttfmcoavy7osis4dzp6uod 1544018 1544017 2026-05-16T00:35:26Z Valuegirl 87699 1544018 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edwin Raymond Bowden''' (13 Septemba 1909 – 23 Septemba 1998) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza kama inside forward. Alifunga jumla ya mabao 130 katika mechi 316 za Ligi ya soka, akichezea vilabu vya Plymouth Argyle, Arsenal na Newcastle United . Bowden alicheza mechi tatu na kufunga mabao matatu—ikiwa ni pamoja na ''hat-trick'' katika ushindi wa 8–1 dhidi ya Swansea Town—katika msimu wa 1939–40 Football League uliositishwa kutokana na kuanza kwa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.toon1892.com/detail_season.php?sid=44](https://www.toon1892.com/detail_season.php?sid=44) |title=Season Details: 1939–40 – League Division 2 – Abandoned |website=Toon1892 |publisher=Kenneth H Scott |access-date=28 Januari 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1909|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 9mh6mpjl48ylpn2nbc3yvumhss6adkr Márcia Marinho 0 235517 1544015 2026-05-16T00:33:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Márcia Regina Serejo Marinho''' (22 Oktoba 1963 – 3 Februari 2024) alikuwa daktari, mjasiriamali, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa vyama vya [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] (PSDB) na [[Democrats (Brazil)|Democrats]] (DEM), na alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) katika Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/742...' 1544015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Márcia Regina Serejo Marinho''' (22 Oktoba 1963 – 3 Februari 2024) alikuwa daktari, mjasiriamali, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa vyama vya [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] (PSDB) na [[Democrats (Brazil)|Democrats]] (DEM), na alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) katika Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/74205|title=Márcia Marinho – Biografia|work=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/74205 Wasifu wa zamani katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{BD|1963|2024|Marinho, Marcia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Madaktari wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu waliofariki]] d0a9p02gj5ng54gr4k9splf7rwknauq 1544016 1544015 2026-05-16T00:33:46Z Egipa 87700 1544016 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Márcia Regina Serejo Marinho''' (22 Oktoba 1963 – 3 Februari 2024) alikuwa daktari, mjasiriamali, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa vyama vya [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] (PSDB) na [[Democrats (Brazil)|Democrats]] (DEM), na alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) katika Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/74205|title=Márcia Marinho – Biografia|work=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/74205 Wasifu wa zamani katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{BD|1963|2024|Marinho, Marcia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Madaktari wa Brazil]] h6ul2hm11jseqcnocs326607h77gbj4 Simone Marquetto 0 235518 1544019 2026-05-16T00:36:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Simone Aparecida Curraladas dos Santos''' (alizaliwa 20 Septemba 1975), anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Simone Marquetto''', ni mwandishi wa habari, mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa umma, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220651/biografia|tit...' 1544019 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simone Aparecida Curraladas dos Santos''' (alizaliwa 20 Septemba 1975), anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Simone Marquetto''', ni mwandishi wa habari, mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa umma, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220651/biografia|title=Simone Marquetto – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220651 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Marquetto, Simone}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6yv03vy092klcfyyf4b9125u2z94q37 Jarrod Bowen 0 235519 1544020 2026-05-16T00:40:00Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jarrod Bowen''' (amezaliwa 20 Desemba 1996) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[Kiingereza]] wa mpira wa miguu ambaye hucheza kama winga wa kulia au mshambuliaji wa klabu ya West Ham United, ambapo pia ni nahodha wake, pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. Alicheza awali katika Hereford United na Hull City . == Maisha ya awali == Jarrod Bowen<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.efl.com/news/2016/june/efl-club-retained-and-released-lists-published/](https://www.e...' 1544020 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jarrod Bowen''' (amezaliwa 20 Desemba 1996) ni mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[Kiingereza]] wa mpira wa miguu ambaye hucheza kama winga wa kulia au mshambuliaji wa klabu ya West Ham United, ambapo pia ni nahodha wake, pamoja na timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. Alicheza awali katika Hereford United na Hull City . == Maisha ya awali == Jarrod Bowen<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.efl.com/news/2016/june/efl-club-retained-and-released-lists-published/](https://www.efl.com/news/2016/june/efl-club-retained-and-released-lists-published/) |title=EFL: Club retained and released lists published |publisher=English Football League |date=23 Juni 2016 |access-date=28 Agosti 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1996|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0zyd3w2yaubz3tnneaiyo5aka924pqw Lídice da Mata 0 235520 1544021 2026-05-16T00:41:33Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lídice da Mata e Souza''' (alizaliwa 12 Machi 1956) ni mnomi wa uchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Socialist Party]] (PSB). Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Bahia]]. Katika kazi yake ya kisiasa ya kipindi kadhaa, ameweka historia kadhaa za uongozi wa wanawake katika jimbo lake na kitaifa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Senadora Lídice da Mata - Biografia|url=http://www25.sen...' 1544021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lídice da Mata e Souza''' (alizaliwa 12 Machi 1956) ni mnomi wa uchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Socialist Party]] (PSB). Kwa sasa anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Bahia]]. Katika kazi yake ya kisiasa ya kipindi kadhaa, ameweka historia kadhaa za uongozi wa wanawake katika jimbo lake na kitaifa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Senadora Lídice da Mata - Biografia|url=http://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/4575|work=Federal Senate|accessdate=10 Agosti 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141477 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1956||Mata, Lidice da}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pjjmjl3p4zu7lzezp5eeen6j6b5p7zm Ana Paula Matos 0 235521 1544022 2026-05-16T00:45:01Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Paula Andrade Matos Moreira''' (alizaliwa 25 Novemba 1977) ni mwanasheria, mwalimu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)|Democratic Labour Party]] (PDT). Anafanya kazi kama Makamu wa Meya wa jiji la [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]] tangu mwaka 2021. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2022 alipoteuliwa kuwa mgombea mwenza (running-mate) wa [[Ciro Gomes]] katika uchaguzi wa Rais wa Brazil.<ref name=":0">...' 1544022 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Paula Andrade Matos Moreira''' (alizaliwa 25 Novemba 1977) ni mwanasheria, mwalimu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)|Democratic Labour Party]] (PDT). Anafanya kazi kama Makamu wa Meya wa jiji la [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]] tangu mwaka 2021. Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2022 alipoteuliwa kuwa mgombea mwenza (running-mate) wa [[Ciro Gomes]] katika uchaguzi wa Rais wa Brazil.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Pontes |first=Felipe |date=2022-08-05 |title=PDT escolhe Ana Paula Matos para ser vice em chapa de Ciro Gomes |url=https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/politica/noticia/2022-08/pdt-escolhe-ana-paula-matos-para-ser-vice-em-chapa-de-ciro-gomes |website=Agência Brasil |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.salvador.ba.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Halmashauri ya Jiji la Salvador] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Matos, Ana Paula}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mlimdjyb2yif6bh42tf5y7n09vhnxv3 Fernanda Melchionna 0 235522 1544023 2026-05-16T00:48:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fernanda Melchionna e Silva''' (alizaliwa 2 Februari 1984) ni mwasheria, mtunza maktaba (librarian), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=FERNANDA MELCHIONNA – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204407/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do B...' 1544023 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fernanda Melchionna e Silva''' (alizaliwa 2 Februari 1984) ni mwasheria, mtunza maktaba (librarian), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=FERNANDA MELCHIONNA – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204407/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|language=pt|accessdate=28 Juni 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204407 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984||Melchionna, Fernanda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watuwa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fwtslwq6zqdyraljkufpik6mrnyfgj8 1544024 1544023 2026-05-16T00:48:55Z Egipa 87700 1544024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fernanda Melchionna e Silva''' (alizaliwa 2 Februari 1984) ni mwasheria, mtunza maktaba (librarian), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=FERNANDA MELCHIONNA – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204407/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|language=pt|accessdate=28 Juni 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204407 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984||Melchionna, Fernanda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watuwa Brazil]] 7qsr72yzcpwd1l4hs24s0iaqgq63i7t Jack Bowers 0 235523 1544025 2026-05-16T00:49:11Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John William Anslow Bowers''' (22 Februari 1908 – 4 Julai 1970) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] soka, ambaye mara mbili alikuwa mfungaji bora wa mabao katika Ligi ya soka na alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu. == Kazi ya uchezaji == === Miaka ya mwanzo === Bowers alizaliwa Low Santon, karibu na Scunthorpe, na baada ya kucheza katika timu ya kiwanda ya Scunthorpe iitwayo Appleby Works, alianza kazi yake ya kulipwa na S...' 1544025 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John William Anslow Bowers''' (22 Februari 1908 – 4 Julai 1970) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] soka, ambaye mara mbili alikuwa mfungaji bora wa mabao katika Ligi ya soka na alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu. == Kazi ya uchezaji == === Miaka ya mwanzo === Bowers alizaliwa Low Santon, karibu na Scunthorpe, na baada ya kucheza katika timu ya kiwanda ya Scunthorpe iitwayo Appleby Works, alianza kazi yake ya kulipwa na Scunthorpe & Lindsey United mwezi Desemba 1927. Miezi mitano baadaye alihamishiwa Derby County, ambako alikaa hadi mwaka 1936. === Derby County === Alisajiliwa na Derby County na meneja George Jobey tarehe 5 Mei 1928, siku ile ile pamoja na mchezaji wa baadaye wa England Jack Barker.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.youandyesterday.co.uk/articles/Signings_were_key_to_successful_era](http://www.youandyesterday.co.uk/articles/Signings_were_key_to_successful_era) |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080719170545/http://www.youandyesterday.co.uk/articles/Signings_were_key_to_successful_era](https://web.archive.org/web/20080719170545/http://www.youandyesterday.co.uk/articles/Signings_were_key_to_successful_era) |archive-date=19 July 2008 |title=George Jobey: Signings were key to successful era |publisher= You and Yesterday |access-date=30 Oktoba 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1908|1970}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 95ydccy17qxq8k0ictsjpqumu8rj87u Alfred Bower 0 235524 1544026 2026-05-16T00:52:15Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alfred George Bower''' (10 Novemba 1895 – 30 Juni 1970) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyecheza kama beki wa pembeni. Aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara tano kati ya 1923 na 1927, ambapo mara tatu alikuwa nahodha wa timu hiyo.<ref name = "Captain">[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamCapt/CaptBio/CaptBowerAG.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamCapt/CaptBio/CaptBowerAG.html) Maelezo ya...' 1544026 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alfred George Bower''' (10 Novemba 1895 – 30 Juni 1970) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) aliyecheza kama beki wa pembeni. Aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) mara tano kati ya 1923 na 1927, ambapo mara tatu alikuwa nahodha wa timu hiyo.<ref name = "Captain">[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamCapt/CaptBio/CaptBowerAG.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamCapt/CaptBio/CaptBowerAG.html) Maelezo ya unahodha wa England]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1895|1970}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] ewd6j103cy2exqsc7r5spetgl0wkhjd Débora Menezes (mwanasiasa) 0 235525 1544027 2026-05-16T00:52:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Débora Salgueiro de Menezes''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1994) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006, Chama cha Kiliberali (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aleam.gov.br/deputados/debora-menezes/|title=Débora Menezes|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|language=...' 1544027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Débora Salgueiro de Menezes''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1994) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006, Chama cha Kiliberali (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aleam.gov.br/deputados/debora-menezes/|title=Débora Menezes|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.aleam.gov.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas (ALEAM)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1994||Menezes, Debora}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Manaus]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] 2akitds8xj9kcuzanvdgqdo1fy4u2l6 1544162 1544027 2026-05-16T08:04:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Débora Menezes (politician)]] hadi [[Débora Menezes (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Débora Salgueiro de Menezes''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1994) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006, Chama cha Kiliberali (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aleam.gov.br/deputados/debora-menezes/|title=Débora Menezes|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.aleam.gov.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas (ALEAM)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1994||Menezes, Debora}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Manaus]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] 2akitds8xj9kcuzanvdgqdo1fy4u2l6 1544164 1544162 2026-05-16T08:04:55Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544164 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Débora Salgueiro de Menezes''' (alizaliwa 11 Julai 1994) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006, Chama cha Kiliberali (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aleam.gov.br/deputados/debora-menezes/|title=Débora Menezes|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.aleam.gov.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas (ALEAM)] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1994||Menezes, Debora}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Manaus]] jjzr3kk50qv8a90hc757bgaicisbvhu Stan Bowles 0 235526 1544028 2026-05-16T00:54:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stanley Bowles''' (24 Desemba 1948 – 24 Februari 2024) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[Kiingereza]] wa mpira wa miguu ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji. Alijulikana kwa ujuzi wake mkubwa uwanjani katika miaka ya 1970 na 1980, na pia alijipatia sifa kama mmoja wa wachezaji wasiokubali kufuata kanuni za kawaida na wenye tabia ya “maverick”. Alicheza mechi 315.<ref>[https://www.qpr.co.uk/news/2024/february/24/stan-bowles-rip/](https://www.qpr.co.uk/...' 1544028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stanley Bowles''' (24 Desemba 1948 – 24 Februari 2024) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa [[Kiingereza]] wa mpira wa miguu ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji. Alijulikana kwa ujuzi wake mkubwa uwanjani katika miaka ya 1970 na 1980, na pia alijipatia sifa kama mmoja wa wachezaji wasiokubali kufuata kanuni za kawaida na wenye tabia ya “maverick”. Alicheza mechi 315.<ref>[https://www.qpr.co.uk/news/2024/february/24/stan-bowles-rip/](https://www.qpr.co.uk/news/2024/february/24/stan-bowles-rip/)</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1948|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] mk9su94sq2s3tdt6badcs9sb0dqd8t4 Dani Monteiro 0 235527 1544029 2026-05-16T00:56:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daniella Monteiro da Silva''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Dani Monteiro''' (alizaliwa 12 Agosti 1991), ni mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://revistaafirmativa.com.br/dani-monteiro-a-deputada-estadual-mais-j...' 1544029 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniella Monteiro da Silva''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Dani Monteiro''' (alizaliwa 12 Agosti 1991), ni mwanasiasa na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://revistaafirmativa.com.br/dani-monteiro-a-deputada-estadual-mais-jovem-da-assembleia-legislativa-do-rio-de-janeiro/|title=Dani Monteiro, a deputada estadual mais jovem da Assembleia Legislativa do Rio de Janeiro|work=Revista Afirmativa|date=11 Machi 2022|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991||Monteiro, Dani}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] plrwdkcntoctuupa8w8agvl1q0wojlc Sid Bowser 0 235528 1544030 2026-05-16T00:59:10Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sidney Bowser''' (6 Aprili 1891 – 10 Februari 1961), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Sid Bowser''', alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya inside-left na centre-half. == Kazi == Bowser alizaliwa Handsworth, Birmingham. Alijiunga na West Bromwich Albion mwezi Julai 1908 na akabaki klabuni hapo kwa miaka mitano. Mwezi Aprili 1913 alihamia Belfast Distillery, lakini alirejea West Bromwich Albion mwaka...' 1544030 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidney Bowser''' (6 Aprili 1891 – 10 Februari 1961), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Sid Bowser''', alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya inside-left na centre-half. == Kazi == Bowser alizaliwa Handsworth, Birmingham. Alijiunga na West Bromwich Albion mwezi Julai 1908 na akabaki klabuni hapo kwa miaka mitano. Mwezi Aprili 1913 alihamia Belfast Distillery, lakini alirejea West Bromwich Albion mwaka uliofuata. Bowser pia alicheza kama mchezaji mualikwa (guest player) kwa Stoke katika msimu wa 1918–19 , ambapo alicheza mechi 10 na kufunga mabao 5.<ref name="Matthews">{{cite book|last=Matthews|first=Tony|title=The Encyclopaedia of Stoke City|year=1994|publisher=Lion Press|isbn=0-9524151-0-0}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1891|1961}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[:Picha:]] 7xvia62o3oadumsdcr6tpnxdqa7c1z1 Giselle Monteiro (mwanasiasa) 0 235529 1544031 2026-05-16T00:59:48Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Giselle Louise Monteiro de Oliveira''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Giselle Monteiro''' (alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1984), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/Deputados/PerfilDeputado/482|tit...' 1544031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giselle Louise Monteiro de Oliveira''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Giselle Monteiro''' (alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1984), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/Deputados/PerfilDeputado/482|title=Deputado Giselle Monteiro|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984||Monteiro, Giselle}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Brazil] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mxywyavxyrzsnizfetlytlbbioy0p0m 1544165 1544031 2026-05-16T08:05:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Giselle Monteiro (politician)]] hadi [[Giselle Monteiro (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giselle Louise Monteiro de Oliveira''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Giselle Monteiro''' (alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1984), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/Deputados/PerfilDeputado/482|title=Deputado Giselle Monteiro|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984||Monteiro, Giselle}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Brazil] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mxywyavxyrzsnizfetlytlbbioy0p0m 1544167 1544165 2026-05-16T08:06:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544167 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giselle Louise Monteiro de Oliveira''' (anajulikana zaidi kama '''Giselle Monteiro'''; alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1984) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka [[Chama cha Kiliberali]] (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/Deputados/PerfilDeputado/482|title=Deputado Giselle Monteiro|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ)] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1984||Monteiro, Giselle}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Brazil] 19z894tyil0wo2vve0qmw7i98mntsau 1544168 1544167 2026-05-16T08:06:43Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Viungo vya Nje */ 1544168 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giselle Louise Monteiro de Oliveira''' (anajulikana zaidi kama '''Giselle Monteiro'''; alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1984) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka [[Chama cha Kiliberali]] (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/Deputados/PerfilDeputado/482|title=Deputado Giselle Monteiro|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro (ALERJ)] {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1984||Monteiro, Giselle}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wabunge wa Brazil]] 8s8dor0jafotcepfaurt0fn6g7n8mp7 Walter Boyes 0 235530 1544032 2026-05-16T01:02:16Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Walter Edward Boyes''' (5 Januari 1913 – 16 Septemba 1960<ref>{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing | last=Betts | first=Graham | year=2006 | isbn=1-905009-63-1 | page=43}}</ref>) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu kati ya mwaka 1935 na 1938. Alicheza soka la klabu kwa West Bromwich Albion, Everton, Notts County na Scunthorpe United. =...' 1544032 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter Edward Boyes''' (5 Januari 1913 – 16 Septemba 1960<ref>{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing | last=Betts | first=Graham | year=2006 | isbn=1-905009-63-1 | page=43}}</ref>) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu kati ya mwaka 1935 na 1938. Alicheza soka la klabu kwa West Bromwich Albion, Everton, Notts County na Scunthorpe United. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|1960}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 4x48dupgj7u96y4awaojg5fnweyo4rh Tommy Boyle (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1886) 0 235531 1544035 2026-05-16T01:05:26Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thomas William Boyle''' (29 Januari 1886 – 5 Januari 1940) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka), ambaye alihusishwa zaidi na klabu ya Burnley.<ref>{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing|last= Betts|first= Graham | year=2006| isbn=1-905009-63-1|page=43}}</ref> Alikuwa mchezaji pekee aliyewahi kuwa nahodha wa Burnley katika kikosi kilichoshinda fainali ya FA Cup. == Marejeo == {{Ref...' 1544035 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas William Boyle''' (29 Januari 1886 – 5 Januari 1940) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka), ambaye alihusishwa zaidi na klabu ya Burnley.<ref>{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing|last= Betts|first= Graham | year=2006| isbn=1-905009-63-1|page=43}}</ref> Alikuwa mchezaji pekee aliyewahi kuwa nahodha wa Burnley katika kikosi kilichoshinda fainali ya FA Cup. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1886|1940}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 73xfeed9zzrnsr894zcie142qt3im16 1544169 1544035 2026-05-16T08:07:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Tommy Boyle (footballer, born 1886)]] hadi [[Tommy Boyle (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1886)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544035 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas William Boyle''' (29 Januari 1886 – 5 Januari 1940) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka), ambaye alihusishwa zaidi na klabu ya Burnley.<ref>{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing|last= Betts|first= Graham | year=2006| isbn=1-905009-63-1|page=43}}</ref> Alikuwa mchezaji pekee aliyewahi kuwa nahodha wa Burnley katika kikosi kilichoshinda fainali ya FA Cup. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1886|1940}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 73xfeed9zzrnsr894zcie142qt3im16 1544171 1544169 2026-05-16T08:07:56Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544171 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas William Boyle''' (29 Januari 1886 – 5 Januari 1940) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]], ambaye alihusishwa zaidi na klabu ya Burnley.<ref>{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing|last= Betts|first= Graham | year=2006| isbn=1-905009-63-1|page=43}}</ref> Alikuwa mchezaji pekee aliyewahi kuwa nahodha wa Burnley katika kikosi kilichoshinda fainali ya FA Cup. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1886|1940}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 469x1mhxgi0o7nn8dhrsmh4b1r6n88x Peter Brabrook 0 235532 1544037 2026-05-16T01:09:28Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Peter Brabrook'''<ref name=Englandstats>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=8 Desemba 2009}}</ref> (8 Novemba 1937 – 10 Desemba 2016) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza takribani mechi 500 katika Ligi ya soka akiwa na klabu za Chelsea, West Ham United na Orient, na alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu. Alicheza kama winga wa pembeni.<ref name=NB>{{cite web |url=[http://www.neilbrown.newcastlefans.com/player/pet...' 1544037 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Brabrook'''<ref name=Englandstats>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=8 Desemba 2009}}</ref> (8 Novemba 1937 – 10 Desemba 2016) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza takribani mechi 500 katika Ligi ya soka akiwa na klabu za Chelsea, West Ham United na Orient, na alichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu. Alicheza kama winga wa pembeni.<ref name=NB>{{cite web |url=[http://www.neilbrown.newcastlefans.com/player/peterbrabrook.html](http://www.neilbrown.newcastlefans.com/player/peterbrabrook.html) |title=Peter Brabrook |work=UK A–Z Transfers |publisher=Neil Brown |accessdate=8 Desemba 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1937|2016}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] dhi9tyc0gnscz6376uu4yv8362mgt9c Joe Bradford 0 235533 1544040 2026-05-16T01:12:27Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joseph Bradford''' (22 Januari 1901 – 6 Septemba 1980) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza kama centre forward. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka akiwa na klabu ya Birmingham, na bado ndiye mfungaji bora wa muda wote wa klabu hiyo akiwa na mabao 267 katika mechi 445 katika mashindano yote.<ref name=Matthews>{{cite book |last=Matthews |first=Tony |title=Birmingham City: A Complete Record |date=1995...' 1544040 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Bradford''' (22 Januari 1901 – 6 Septemba 1980) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza kama centre forward. Alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka akiwa na klabu ya Birmingham, na bado ndiye mfungaji bora wa muda wote wa klabu hiyo akiwa na mabao 267 katika mechi 445 katika mashindano yote.<ref name=Matthews>{{cite book |last=Matthews |first=Tony |title=Birmingham City: A Complete Record |date=1995 |publisher=Breedon Books |location=Derby |page=74 |isbn=978-1-85983-010-9}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1901|1980}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 8bsqjcm06vdzb5331a4d17orphyl9si Warren Bradley (mwanasoka) 0 235534 1544041 2026-05-16T01:21:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Warren Bradley''' (20 Juni 1933 – 6 Juni 2007) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea Manchester United na timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. Bradley alizaliwa Hyde, Cheshire, na alisoma katika Hyde Grammar School, ambapo pia alichezea timu za vijana na akiba za Bolton Wanderers kwa kipindi cha miaka minane.{{citation needed|date=Machi 2015}} Baadaye alijiunga na Hatfield College katika Chuo Kikuu cha Durham.<ref>{{cite web |t...' 1544041 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Warren Bradley''' (20 Juni 1933 – 6 Juni 2007) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea Manchester United na timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. Bradley alizaliwa Hyde, Cheshire, na alisoma katika Hyde Grammar School, ambapo pia alichezea timu za vijana na akiba za Bolton Wanderers kwa kipindi cha miaka minane.{{citation needed|date=Machi 2015}} Baadaye alijiunga na Hatfield College katika Chuo Kikuu cha Durham.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sport |url=[http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports](http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports) |website=hatfieldjcr.co.uk |publisher=Hatfield College |accessdate=30 Machi 2015 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|2007}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] hgrqi6071fnhl9o5kqsljxviug8vb9x 1544172 1544041 2026-05-16T08:08:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Warren Bradley (footballer)]] hadi [[Warren Bradley (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544041 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Warren Bradley''' (20 Juni 1933 – 6 Juni 2007) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea Manchester United na timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. Bradley alizaliwa Hyde, Cheshire, na alisoma katika Hyde Grammar School, ambapo pia alichezea timu za vijana na akiba za Bolton Wanderers kwa kipindi cha miaka minane.{{citation needed|date=Machi 2015}} Baadaye alijiunga na Hatfield College katika Chuo Kikuu cha Durham.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sport |url=[http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports](http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports) |website=hatfieldjcr.co.uk |publisher=Hatfield College |accessdate=30 Machi 2015 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|2007}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] hgrqi6071fnhl9o5kqsljxviug8vb9x 1544174 1544172 2026-05-16T08:08:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544174 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Warren Bradley''' (20 Juni 1933 – 6 Juni 2007) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea Manchester United na timu ya taifa ya Uingereza. Bradley alizaliwa Hyde, Cheshire, na alisoma katika Hyde Grammar School, ambapo pia alichezea timu za vijana na akiba za Bolton Wanderers kwa kipindi cha miaka minane.{{citation needed|date=Machi 2015}} Baadaye alijiunga na Hatfield College katika Chuo Kikuu cha Durham.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sport |url=[http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports](http://www.hatfieldjcr.co.uk/uk/page/view/sports) |website=hatfieldjcr.co.uk |publisher=Hatfield College |accessdate=30 Machi 2015 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1933|2007}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] pjj89oynruv4lz26u8j49jdgj3lgnsj Billy Bradshaw (mwanasoka) 0 235535 1544042 2026-05-16T01:26:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Bradshaw''' (3 Aprili 1884 – Juni 1955)<ref name=efo>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html) Billy Bradshaw] englandfootballonline.com</ref> alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Alicheza katika kiwango cha kitaaluma na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England, akiwa katika nafasi ya kiungo w...' 1544042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Bradshaw''' (3 Aprili 1884 – Juni 1955)<ref name=efo>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html) Billy Bradshaw] englandfootballonline.com</ref> alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Alicheza katika kiwango cha kitaaluma na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England, akiwa katika nafasi ya kiungo wa pembeni wa kushoto (left half). == Kazi == === Kazi ya vilabu === Alizaliwa Padiham, Bradshaw alianza maisha yake ya soka akiwa na vilabu vya Padiham na Accrington Stanley . Ingawa nafasi yake kuu ilikuwa left-half, alikuwa na uwezo mkubwa wa kushambulia na mara nyingi alielezewa kama "kama kuwa na mshambuliaji wa sita". Pia alikuwa mtaalamu wa kupiga penalti.<ref name="Betts">{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing|last= Betts|first= Graham | year=2006| isbn=1-905009-63-1|page=45}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1884|1955}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 0fw3d7kc6w8sy48z8za6n714aci6zcg 1544175 1544042 2026-05-16T08:09:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Billy Bradshaw (footballer)]] hadi [[Billy Bradshaw (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Bradshaw''' (3 Aprili 1884 – Juni 1955)<ref name=efo>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html) Billy Bradshaw] englandfootballonline.com</ref> alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Alicheza katika kiwango cha kitaaluma na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England, akiwa katika nafasi ya kiungo wa pembeni wa kushoto (left half). == Kazi == === Kazi ya vilabu === Alizaliwa Padiham, Bradshaw alianza maisha yake ya soka akiwa na vilabu vya Padiham na Accrington Stanley . Ingawa nafasi yake kuu ilikuwa left-half, alikuwa na uwezo mkubwa wa kushambulia na mara nyingi alielezewa kama "kama kuwa na mshambuliaji wa sita". Pia alikuwa mtaalamu wa kupiga penalti.<ref name="Betts">{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing|last= Betts|first= Graham | year=2006| isbn=1-905009-63-1|page=45}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1884|1955}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 0fw3d7kc6w8sy48z8za6n714aci6zcg 1544177 1544175 2026-05-16T08:09:40Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544177 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Bradshaw''' (3 Aprili 1884 – Juni 1955)<ref name=efo>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBradshawW.html) Billy Bradshaw] englandfootballonline.com</ref> alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]]. Alicheza katika kiwango cha kitaaluma na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England, akiwa katika nafasi ya kiungo wa pembeni wa kushoto (left half). == Kazi == === Kazi ya vilabu === Alizaliwa Padiham, Bradshaw alianza maisha yake ya soka akiwa na vilabu vya Padiham na Accrington Stanley . Ingawa nafasi yake kuu ilikuwa left-half, alikuwa na uwezo mkubwa wa kushambulia na mara nyingi alielezewa kama "kama kuwa na mshambuliaji wa sita". Pia alikuwa mtaalamu wa kupiga penalti.<ref name="Betts">{{cite book | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing|last= Betts|first= Graham | year=2006| isbn=1-905009-63-1|page=45}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1884|1955}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] iacmu4qbkevztvqsdzsfcxak1sz0gb4 George Brann 0 235536 1544043 2026-05-16T01:29:29Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Brann''' (23 Aprili 1865 – 14 Juni 1954) alikuwa mchezaji wa kriketi wa kulipwa na pia mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]], ambaye alicheza kriketi kwa muda mrefu katika Sussex County Cricket Club mwishoni mwa karne ya 19, na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza katika mechi tatu. == Elimu == [[File:Ardingly College, Sussex.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ardingly College]]]] Brann alizaliwa [[Eastbourne]], East Sussex na alisoma katika Ardingl...' 1544043 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Brann''' (23 Aprili 1865 – 14 Juni 1954) alikuwa mchezaji wa kriketi wa kulipwa na pia mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]], ambaye alicheza kriketi kwa muda mrefu katika Sussex County Cricket Club mwishoni mwa karne ya 19, na pia aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza katika mechi tatu. == Elimu == [[File:Ardingly College, Sussex.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ardingly College]]]] Brann alizaliwa [[Eastbourne]], East Sussex na alisoma katika Ardingly College, karibu na Haywards Heath, West Sussex, ambako alitumia miaka kumi na aliwakilisha shule yake katika mpira wa miguu.<ref name = "Betts">{{cite book | author=Graham Betts | title=England: Player by player | publisher=Green Umbrella Publishing | year=2006 | page=45 | isbn=1-905009-63-1}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1865|1954}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] lpdm94jbc1cuxjdmcsvhfvdk6m2bf7t Jarrad Branthwaite 0 235537 1544044 2026-05-16T01:33:43Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jarrad Paul Branthwaite''' (amezaliwa 27 Juni 2002) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) anayekipiga kama centre-back kwa klabu ya Everton na pia timu ya taifa ya England (England). == Maisha ya awali == Jarrad Paul Branthwaite<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.premierleague.com/news/3886218](https://www.premierleague.com/news/3886218) |title=Latest updated Premier League squad lists for 2023/24 |publisher=Premier League |date=8 F...' 1544044 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jarrad Paul Branthwaite''' (amezaliwa 27 Juni 2002) ni mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) anayekipiga kama centre-back kwa klabu ya Everton na pia timu ya taifa ya England (England). == Maisha ya awali == Jarrad Paul Branthwaite<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.premierleague.com/news/3886218](https://www.premierleague.com/news/3886218) |title=Latest updated Premier League squad lists for 2023/24 |publisher=Premier League |date=8 Februari 2024 |access-date=22 Machi 2024}}</ref> alizaliwa tarehe 27 Juni 2002<ref name="PremProfile">{{cite web |url=[https://www.premierleague.com/players/66318/Jarrad-Branthwaite/overview](https://www.premierleague.com/players/66318/Jarrad-Branthwaite/overview) |title=Jarrad Branthwaite: Overview |publisher=Premier League |access-date=22 Machi 2024}}</ref> mjini Carlisle, Cumbria. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|2002|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] moh5zn2vfd77w8c7kef7xiooq1i311z Billy Brawn 0 235538 1544045 2026-05-16T01:40:14Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Frederick Brawn''' (1 Agosti 1878 – 18 Agosti 1932) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama winga wa kulia (outside right) katika Ligi ya Soka, hasa akiwa na klabu za Aston Villa na Chelsea. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani la "Gansey".<ref name="englandfootballonline" /> == Kazi ya uchezaji == Akiwa amezaliwa Wellingborough, Brawn alianza maisha yake ya soka kama mchezaji wa kujitolea katika klabu...' 1544045 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Frederick Brawn''' (1 Agosti 1878 – 18 Agosti 1932) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama winga wa kulia (outside right) katika Ligi ya Soka, hasa akiwa na klabu za Aston Villa na Chelsea. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani la "Gansey".<ref name="englandfootballonline" /> == Kazi ya uchezaji == Akiwa amezaliwa Wellingborough, Brawn alianza maisha yake ya soka kama mchezaji wa kujitolea katika klabu za eneo lake zisizo za ligi kuu (non-League) kama Wellingborough St Mark's, Wellingborough Town na Northampton Town . Aligeuka kuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa alipojiunga na klabu ya Daraja la Kwanza ya Sheffield United mwezi Januari 1900 kwa ada ya pauni 125.<ref name="englandfootballonline">{{Cite web |title=England Players – Billy Brawn |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrawnWF.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrawnWF.html) |access-date=1 Novemba 2017 |website=[www.englandfootballonline.com](http://www.englandfootballonline.com)}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1878|1932}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] ghqgt7f7n5uase8so9ezyaj6ak9tunq Tom Brittleton 0 235539 1544046 2026-05-16T01:44:29Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Thomas Brittleton''' (23 Aprili 1882 – 22 Februari 1955) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa matumizi ya kurusha mpira kwa mikono (throw-in) kwa umbali mrefu.<ref name="Wednesday Boys">{{cite book |author=Jason Dickinson & John Brodie |title=The Wednesday Boys: A Definitive Who's Who of Sheffield Wednesday Football Club 1880–2005 |pages=43–44 |publisher=Pickard Communication |loc...' 1544046 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Thomas Brittleton''' (23 Aprili 1882 – 22 Februari 1955) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]]. Alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa matumizi ya kurusha mpira kwa mikono (throw-in) kwa umbali mrefu.<ref name="Wednesday Boys">{{cite book |author=Jason Dickinson & John Brodie |title=The Wednesday Boys: A Definitive Who's Who of Sheffield Wednesday Football Club 1880–2005 |pages=43–44 |publisher=Pickard Communication |location=Sheffield |year=2005 |isbn=0-9547264-9-9}}</ref> Akiwa na maisha ya soka yaliyodumu zaidi ya miaka 30, ikiwa ni pamoja na misimu 24 katika Ligi ya soka, anachukuliwa kama mchezaji mwenye umri mkubwa zaidi kuwahi kuchezea Sheffield Wednesday katika mechi rasmi ya ushindani. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1882|1955}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] fbzi9rj639c23t1b2mqa6bfyvtiq913 Teddy Brayshaw 0 235540 1544047 2026-05-16T01:50:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edward Brayshaw''' (6 Oktoba 1863 – 20 Novemba 1908) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka), ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati (centre half). == Kazi == Alizaliwa Sheffield, Brayshaw alichezea klabu ya The Wednesday na Grimsby Town.<ref name=Joyce>{{cite book |last=Joyce |first=Michael |title=Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939 |publisher=SoccerData |location=Nottingham |year=2004 |page=35 |isbn=978-1-89...' 1544047 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edward Brayshaw''' (6 Oktoba 1863 – 20 Novemba 1908) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka), ambaye alicheza kama beki wa kati (centre half). == Kazi == Alizaliwa Sheffield, Brayshaw alichezea klabu ya The Wednesday na Grimsby Town.<ref name=Joyce>{{cite book |last=Joyce |first=Michael |title=Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939 |publisher=SoccerData |location=Nottingham |year=2004 |page=35 |isbn=978-1-899468-67-6}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1863|1908}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] alde76v5uhmdxxghusw58zgvj7pb7u9 Cliff Britton 0 235541 1544048 2026-05-16T01:53:42Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Clifford Samuel Britton''' (29 Agosti 1909 – 1 Desemba 1975) alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] wa soka. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Baada ya kucheza soka la kujitolea (amateur) kwa timu kadhaa katika eneo la [[Bristol]], kazi yake ya kulipwa ilianza alipojiunga na Bristol Rovers mwaka 1928. Alicheza zaidi ya mechi 50 kwa klabu hiyo, ambapo alikuwa pia mwenzake wa timu na kaka yake Frank Britton.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jay |firs...' 1544048 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Clifford Samuel Britton''' (29 Agosti 1909 – 1 Desemba 1975) alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] wa soka. == Kazi ya uchezaji == Baada ya kucheza soka la kujitolea (amateur) kwa timu kadhaa katika eneo la [[Bristol]], kazi yake ya kulipwa ilianza alipojiunga na Bristol Rovers mwaka 1928. Alicheza zaidi ya mechi 50 kwa klabu hiyo, ambapo alikuwa pia mwenzake wa timu na kaka yake Frank Britton.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jay |first1=Mike |last2=Byrne |first2=Stephen |title=Pirates in Profile: A Who's Who of Bristol Rovers Players |year=1994 |publisher=Potten, Baber & Murray |location=Bristol |isbn=0-9524835-0-5 |page=33}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1909|1975}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 20yrfgavt1w1u3ya8ib1ijs46c9yvge Peter Broadbent (mwanasoka) 0 235542 1544049 2026-05-16T01:57:26Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Peter Frank Broadbent''' (15 Mei 1933 – 1 Oktoba 2013) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Alishinda mataji muhimu ya ndani akiwa na Wolverhampton Wanderers na alishiriki katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la 1958 (1958 FIFA World Cup). == Kazi == Katika wasifu wake binafsi, George Best alisema kuwa alikuwa shabiki wa Wolves na kwamba Broadbent ndiye mchezaji aliyemvutia zaidi na kumheshimu sana;<ref>{{cite book |author=Best,...' 1544049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Frank Broadbent''' (15 Mei 1933 – 1 Oktoba 2013) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Alishinda mataji muhimu ya ndani akiwa na Wolverhampton Wanderers na alishiriki katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la 1958 (1958 FIFA World Cup). == Kazi == Katika wasifu wake binafsi, George Best alisema kuwa alikuwa shabiki wa Wolves na kwamba Broadbent ndiye mchezaji aliyemvutia zaidi na kumheshimu sana;<ref>{{cite book |author=Best, George |title=Blessed: The Autobiography |year=2002 |publisher=Ebury Press |isbn=0-09-188470-5}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|2013}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] s3jguqakiprwmw7348n9m3zzakhwnck 1544178 1544049 2026-05-16T08:10:08Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Peter Broadbent (footballer)]] hadi [[Peter Broadbent (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Frank Broadbent''' (15 Mei 1933 – 1 Oktoba 2013) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Alishinda mataji muhimu ya ndani akiwa na Wolverhampton Wanderers na alishiriki katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la 1958 (1958 FIFA World Cup). == Kazi == Katika wasifu wake binafsi, George Best alisema kuwa alikuwa shabiki wa Wolves na kwamba Broadbent ndiye mchezaji aliyemvutia zaidi na kumheshimu sana;<ref>{{cite book |author=Best, George |title=Blessed: The Autobiography |year=2002 |publisher=Ebury Press |isbn=0-09-188470-5}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|2013}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] s3jguqakiprwmw7348n9m3zzakhwnck 1544181 1544178 2026-05-16T08:10:56Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544181 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Peter Frank Broadbent''' (15 Mei 1933 – 1 Oktoba 2013) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]]. Alishinda mataji muhimu ya ndani akiwa na Wolverhampton Wanderers na alishiriki katika Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la 1958 (1958 FIFA World Cup). == Kazi == Katika wasifu wake binafsi, George Best alisema kuwa alikuwa shabiki wa Wolves na kwamba Broadbent ndiye mchezaji aliyemvutia zaidi na kumheshimu sana;<ref>{{cite book |author=Best, George |title=Blessed: The Autobiography |year=2002 |publisher=Ebury Press |isbn=0-09-188470-5}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1933|2013}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] oqigamy93720arwhlvomkvhucx52trg Ivor Broadis 0 235543 1544050 2026-05-16T02:00:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ivan Arthur''' "'''Ivor'''" '''Broadis''' (18 Desemba 1922 – 12 Aprili 2019) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]]. Katika kazi ya soka iliyodumu kwa miaka 19 kuanzia 1942 hadi 1961, Broadis alichezea klabu za Carlisle United, Sunderland, Manchester City, Newcastle United na Queen of the South . Aliichezea pia timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara 14 na kufunga mabao manane katika ngazi ya kimataifa. Broadis alicheza nafasi ya msh...' 1544050 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivan Arthur''' "'''Ivor'''" '''Broadis''' (18 Desemba 1922 – 12 Aprili 2019) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]]. Katika kazi ya soka iliyodumu kwa miaka 19 kuanzia 1942 hadi 1961, Broadis alichezea klabu za Carlisle United, Sunderland, Manchester City, Newcastle United na Queen of the South . Aliichezea pia timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara 14 na kufunga mabao manane katika ngazi ya kimataifa. Broadis alicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji wa ndani. Baada ya kustaafu kucheza mwaka 1961, alihamia katika taaluma ya uandishi wa habari za soka.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=[http://qosfc.com/legend-1035|title=QosFC](http://qosfc.com/legend-1035|title=QosFC): Legends – Ivor Broadis|access-date=22 Machi 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1922|2019}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] n8mlgthn3ctgo065lfc5gwwrj8if0h2 Jacqueline Moraes 0 235544 1544066 2026-05-16T03:47:35Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jacqueline Moraes da Silva''' (alizaliwa 16 Agosti 1975) ni mfanyabiashara mdogo na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Socialist Party]] (PSB). Aliweka historia kwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza na mtu mweusi wa kwanza kabisa kuchaguliwa kuwa Makamu wa Gavana wa jimbo la [[Espírito Santo]]. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2022, akiwa mshirika wa Gavana [[Renato Casagrande]].<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=8 Machi 2019...' 1544066 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacqueline Moraes da Silva''' (alizaliwa 16 Agosti 1975) ni mfanyabiashara mdogo na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Socialist Party]] (PSB). Aliweka historia kwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza na mtu mweusi wa kwanza kabisa kuchaguliwa kuwa Makamu wa Gavana wa jimbo la [[Espírito Santo]]. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2022, akiwa mshirika wa Gavana [[Renato Casagrande]].<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |date=8 Machi 2019 |title=De camelô a vice-governadora, Jacqueline Moraes representa a trajetória de uma mulher negra empoderada |url=https://www.es.gov.br/Noticia/de-camelo-a-vice-governadora-jacqueline-moraes-representa-a-trajetoria-de-uma-mulher-negra-empoderada |publisher=Governo ES}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.es.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Serikali ya Jimbo la Espírito Santo] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Moraes, Jacqueline}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6mh2ja9wcz5h3b2byuju8d0n6748wpl 1544204 1544066 2026-05-16T08:21:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544204 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacqueline Moraes da Silva''' (alizaliwa 16 Agosti 1975) ni mfanyabiashara mdogo na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Socialist Party]] (PSB). Aliweka historia kwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza na mtu mweusi wa kwanza kabisa kuchaguliwa kuwa Makamu wa Gavana wa jimbo la [[Espírito Santo]]. Alihudumu katika nafasi hiyo kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2022, akiwa mshirika wa Gavana [[Renato Casagrande]].<ref name="bio">{{Rejea tovuti |date=8 Machi 2019 |title=De camelô a vice-governadora, Jacqueline Moraes representa a trajetória de uma mulher negra empoderada |url=https://www.es.gov.br/Noticia/de-camelo-a-vice-governadora-jacqueline-moraes-representa-a-trajetoria-de-uma-mulher-negra-empoderada |publisher=Governo ES}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.es.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Serikali ya Jimbo la Espírito Santo] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Moraes, Jacqueline}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a5d9h4fqx56qzhdkm30uzuv8dloztle Flávia Morais 0 235545 1544067 2026-05-16T03:50:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Flávia Carreiro Albuquerque Morais''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Flávia Morais''' (alizaliwa 26 Aprili 1969), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)|Democratic Labour Party]] (PDT). Anafaanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Goiás]] katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil]] tangu mwaka 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160598/biografia|title=Flávia...' 1544067 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Flávia Carreiro Albuquerque Morais''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Flávia Morais''' (alizaliwa 26 Aprili 1969), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)|Democratic Labour Party]] (PDT). Anafaanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Goiás]] katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil]] tangu mwaka 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160598/biografia|title=Flávia Morais – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/160598 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969||Morais, Flavia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7atbqah4fqbrvotci3lbo5a83ripvpm Rosangela Moro 0 235546 1544068 2026-05-16T03:54:02Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rosangela Maria Wolff de Quadros Moro''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Rosângela Moro''' (alizaliwa 28 Mei 1974), ni mwanasheria, mwandishi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220644/biografia|title=Rosangela Moro – Biografia|publisher=Cham...' 1544068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rosangela Maria Wolff de Quadros Moro''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Rosângela Moro''' (alizaliwa 28 Mei 1974), ni mwanasheria, mwandishi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220644/biografia|title=Rosangela Moro – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> Yeye ni mke wa [[Sergio Moro]], jaji wa zamani na Seneta wa sasa wa Brazil, tangu mwaka 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://revistamarieclaire.globo.com/Mulheres-do-Mundo/noticia/2020/11/rosangela-moro-precisamos-de-uma-terceira.html|title=Rosangela Moro: "Precisamos de uma terceira via"|work=Marie Claire|date=20 Novemba 2020|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220644 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974||Moro, Rosangela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rp5bms51u7vbhx8oq4f2b86ro3xyst6 Yandra Moura 0 235547 1544069 2026-05-16T03:56:00Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yandra Barreto Ferreira''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Yandra Moura''' (alizaliwa 25 Aprili 1994), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Sergipe]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220564/biografia|title=Yandra Moura – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == M...' 1544069 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yandra Barreto Ferreira''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Yandra Moura''' (alizaliwa 25 Aprili 1994), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Sergipe]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220564/biografia|title=Yandra Moura – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220564 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1994||Moura, Yandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 64sgzfmoj2cse8bndaszhks9f7d3nl8 Adelaide Neri 0 235548 1544070 2026-05-16T04:05:19Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antonia Adelaide da Rocha Neri''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Antônia Neri''' (16 Desemba 1940 – 24 Mei 2018), alikuwa mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] katika Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1995, na kurejea tena kwa muda mfupi mnamo mwaka 1997. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Brazilian Democratic M...' 1544070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonia Adelaide da Rocha Neri''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Antônia Neri''' (16 Desemba 1940 – 24 Mei 2018), alikuwa mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alihudumu kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] katika Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1995, na kurejea tena kwa muda mfupi mnamo mwaka 1997. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha [[Brazilian Democratic Movement]] (PMDB/MDB). ===Marejeo== {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/133816 Wasifu wa zamani katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{BD|1940|2018|Neri, Antonia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] 6v7wlyxjfilooeqpqgrridxj9d24r3f Socorro Neri 0 235549 1544071 2026-05-16T04:09:12Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria do Socorro Neri Medeiros de Souza''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Socorro Neri''' (alizaliwa 19 Mei 1966), ni mhadhiri, mwanasayansi wa jamii, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/104552/biografia|title=Socorro Neri – Biografia|publisher=Chamber...' 1544071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria do Socorro Neri Medeiros de Souza''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Socorro Neri''' (alizaliwa 19 Mei 1966), ni mhadhiri, mwanasayansi wa jamii, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/104552/biografia|title=Socorro Neri – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> Awali, alifanya kazi kama Meya wa jiji la [[Rio Branco, Acre|Rio Branco]] kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/ac/acre/noticia/2020/12/31/socorro-termina-mandato-de-prefeita-de-rio-branco-com-65percent-das-promessas-de-campanha-cumpridas.ghtml|title=Socorro termina mandato de prefeita de Rio Branco com 65% das promessas de campanha cumpridas|work=g1|date=31 Desemba 2020|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/104552 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1966||Neri, Socorro}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cbe3jz3p52sihpuf7yv1u21eaoqid9u Renilce Nicodemos 0 235550 1544072 2026-05-16T04:11:47Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Renilce Conceição Nicodemos de Albuquerque''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Renilce Nicodemos''' (alizaliwa 8 Desemba 1976), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] (Movimento Democrático Brasileiro). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pará]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tnbrasiltv.com.br/renilce-nicodemos-toma-posse-como-deputada-federal-em-brasilia/|title=Renilce...' 1544072 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Renilce Conceição Nicodemos de Albuquerque''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Renilce Nicodemos''' (alizaliwa 8 Desemba 1976), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] (Movimento Democrático Brasileiro). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pará]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tnbrasiltv.com.br/renilce-nicodemos-toma-posse-como-deputada-federal-em-brasilia/|title=Renilce Nicodemos toma posse como Deputada Federal, em Brasília|work=TN Brasil TV|date=1 Februari 2023|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/153423 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Nicodemos, Renilce}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7bsghqscscyvyaq4shtvo4uetr8ollq Eliane Nogueira 0 235551 1544074 2026-05-16T04:15:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eliane e Silva Nogueira Lima''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Eliane Nogueira''' (alizaliwa 3 Julai 1949), ni mwanamke wa biashara na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP). Alifanya kazi kama Seneta akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Piauí]] katika [[Federal Senate (Brazil)|Seneti ya Shirikisho la Brazil]] kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senadora Eliane Nogueira - Senado Federal |url=https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/se...' 1544074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane e Silva Nogueira Lima''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Eliane Nogueira''' (alizaliwa 3 Julai 1949), ni mwanamke wa biashara na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP). Alifanya kazi kama Seneta akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Piauí]] katika [[Federal Senate (Brazil)|Seneti ya Shirikisho la Brazil]] kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senadora Eliane Nogueira - Senado Federal |url=https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/5898 |website=www25.senado.leg.br |language=pt}}</ref> Yeye ni mama mzazi wa [[Ciro Nogueira Lima Filho|Ciro Nogueira]], mwanasiasa mkongwe na Rais wa kitaifa wa chama cha Progressistas. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/5898 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Shirikisho la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949||Nogueira, Eliane}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4oo8jwdjz662ec1zrqg0z5pdq7hw38h 1544134 1544074 2026-05-16T07:44:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544134 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane e Silva Nogueira Lima''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Eliane Nogueira''' (alizaliwa 3 Julai 1949), ni mwanamke wa biashara na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP). Alifanya kazi kama Seneta akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Piauí]] katika [[Federal Senate (Brazil)|Seneti ya Shirikisho la Brazil]] kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2023.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Senadora Eliane Nogueira - Senado Federal |url=https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/5898 |website=www25.senado.leg.br |language=pt}}</ref> Yeye ni mama mzazi wa [[Ciro Nogueira Lima Filho|Ciro Nogueira]], mwanasiasa mkongwe na Rais wa kitaifa wa chama cha Progressistas. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/5898 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Shirikisho la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1949||Nogueira, Eliane}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8ebxylb65dex6nzm037jsgtly2e2vnu Luciana Novaes 0 235552 1544076 2026-05-16T04:19:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luciana Gonçalves de Novaes''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Luciana Novaes''' (5 Juni 1983 – 27 Aprili 2026), alikuwa mfanyakazi wa jamii (social worker) na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Aliweka historia kwa kuchaguliwa mara tatu kama Diwani wa Jiji (city councillor) la [[Rio de Janeiro]], akijulikana kitaifa kwa kazi yake thabiti ya kisheria na kijamii kwa ajili ya kutetea haki za watu wenye...' 1544076 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luciana Gonçalves de Novaes''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Luciana Novaes''' (5 Juni 1983 – 27 Aprili 2026), alikuwa mfanyakazi wa jamii (social worker) na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Aliweka historia kwa kuchaguliwa mara tatu kama Diwani wa Jiji (city councillor) la [[Rio de Janeiro]], akijulikana kitaifa kwa kazi yake thabiti ya kisheria na kijamii kwa ajili ya kutetea haki za watu wenye ulemavu (PWDs).<ref name="carta">{{Cite web |date=April 28, 2026 |title=Quem foi Luciana Novaes, vereadora do Rio que teve morte cerebral confirmada |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/cartaexpressa/quem-foi-luciana-novaes-vereadora-do-rio-que-teve-morte-cerebral-confirmada/ |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR|archive-date=April 29, 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.rio/ Wasifu wa zamani katika Halmashauri ya Jiji la Rio de Janeiro] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983|2026|Novaes, Luciana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] ma9tap4xhn4wflnlkt3b1ind9lss4wo 1544228 1544076 2026-05-16T09:19:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544228 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luciana Gonçalves de Novaes''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Luciana Novaes''' (5 Juni 1983 – 27 Aprili 2026), alikuwa mfanyakazi wa jamii (social worker) na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Aliweka historia kwa kuchaguliwa mara tatu kama Diwani wa Jiji (city councillor) la [[Rio de Janeiro]], akijulikana kitaifa kwa kazi yake thabiti ya kisheria na kijamii kwa ajili ya kutetea haki za watu wenye ulemavu (PWDs).<ref name="carta">{{Rejea tovuti |date=April 28, 2026 |title=Quem foi Luciana Novaes, vereadora do Rio que teve morte cerebral confirmada |url=https://www.cartacapital.com.br/cartaexpressa/quem-foi-luciana-novaes-vereadora-do-rio-que-teve-morte-cerebral-confirmada/ |website=CartaCapital |language=pt-BR|archive-date=April 29, 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.rio/ Wasifu wa zamani katika Halmashauri ya Jiji la Rio de Janeiro] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983|2026|Novaes, Luciana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] flg61g54bykb6zm2ea6lqpn7iqosgox Dayse Oliveira 0 235553 1544077 2026-05-16T04:22:10Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dayse Oliveira''' (alizaliwa 31 Mei 1966, [[Rio de Janeiro]]) ni mwalimu, mwanaharakati wa kisoshalisti, na kiongozi mashuhuri katika [[Black movement in Brazil|Harakati za Kutetea Haki za Watu Weusi]] nchini [[Brazil]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[United Socialist Workers' Party]] (PSTU). Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2002 alipoteuliwa kuwa mgombea wa nafasi ya Makamu wa Rais wa Brazil kupitia chama chake.<ref>{{cite web|title=Elei...' 1544077 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dayse Oliveira''' (alizaliwa 31 Mei 1966, [[Rio de Janeiro]]) ni mwalimu, mwanaharakati wa kisoshalisti, na kiongozi mashuhuri katika [[Black movement in Brazil|Harakati za Kutetea Haki za Watu Weusi]] nchini [[Brazil]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[United Socialist Workers' Party]] (PSTU). Alipata umaarufu mkubwa kitaifa mnamo mwaka 2002 alipoteuliwa kuwa mgombea wa nafasi ya Makamu wa Rais wa Brazil kupitia chama chake.<ref>{{cite web|title=Eleições 2002: PSTU oficializa chapa com Zé Maria na cabeça e Dayse Oliveira como vice|url=https://www.pstu.org.br/|publisher=PSTU|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.pstu.org.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chama cha PSTU] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1966||Oliveira, Dayse}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pgejmekjoguw3ifgl3kxgn9p8vt1h3v Janaina Paschoal 0 235554 1544078 2026-05-16T04:28:10Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Janaina Conceição Paschoal''' (alizaliwa 25 Juni 1974) ni mwanasheria, mwandishi, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP) tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carlucci |first=Manoela |title=PP anuncia filiação de Janaina Paschoal |url=https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/eleicoes/pp-anuncia-filiacao-de-janaina-paschoal/ |website=CNN Brasil |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}}...' 1544078 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janaina Conceição Paschoal''' (alizaliwa 25 Juni 1974) ni mwanasheria, mwandishi, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP) tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Carlucci |first=Manoela |title=PP anuncia filiação de Janaina Paschoal |url=https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/eleicoes/pp-anuncia-filiacao-de-janaina-paschoal/ |website=CNN Brasil |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.direito.usp.br/ Kitivo cha Sheria cha Chuo Kikuu cha São Paulo] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974||Paschoal, Janaina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2y2zhczemaltsp1j99ntu6wrxt8oxwb 1544206 1544078 2026-05-16T08:23:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janaina Conceição Paschoal''' (alizaliwa 25 Juni 1974) ni mwanasheria, mwandishi, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Progressistas]] (PP) tangu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Carlucci |first=Manoela |title=PP anuncia filiação de Janaina Paschoal |url=https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/eleicoes/pp-anuncia-filiacao-de-janaina-paschoal/ |website=CNN Brasil |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.direito.usp.br/ Kitivo cha Sheria cha Chuo Kikuu cha São Paulo] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974||Paschoal, Janaina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] anb9uxr0hh3sadvz4dz7vdq1me2b4v1 Denise Pessôa 0 235555 1544080 2026-05-16T04:31:09Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Denise da Silva Pessôa''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Denise Pessôa''' (alizaliwa 17 Juni 1983), ni mbunifu wa majengo na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/pioneiro/politica/noticia/2023/02/caxienses-tomam-posse-na-camara-dos-dep...' 1544080 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Denise da Silva Pessôa''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Denise Pessôa''' (alizaliwa 17 Juni 1983), ni mbunifu wa majengo na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/pioneiro/politica/noticia/2023/02/caxienses-tomam-posse-na-camara-dos-deputados-em-brasilia-cldm63ume00bg014scy7eviqf.html|title=Caxienses tomam posse na Câmara dos Deputados em Brasília|work=GZH|date=1 Februari 2023|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220553 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Pessôa, Denise}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rhsbmcanfi6wmuoqgzva3p3lg7aiu30 Talíria Petrone 0 235556 1544083 2026-05-16T04:34:05Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Talíria Petrone Soares''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Talíria Petrone''' (alizaliwa 9 Aprili 1985), ni mwalimu, mwanahistoria, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio de Janeiro (jimbo)|Rio de Janeiro]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=Talíria Petrone – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/2044...' 1544083 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Talíria Petrone Soares''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Talíria Petrone''' (alizaliwa 9 Aprili 1985), ni mwalimu, mwanahistoria, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio de Janeiro (jimbo)|Rio de Janeiro]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=Talíria Petrone – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204464/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|language=pt|accessdate=15 Machi 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204464 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985||Petrone, Taliria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l71smkhdjpgk58h4mkwo55su8oa9p6a John Brockbank 0 235557 1544084 2026-05-16T04:36:03Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Brockbank''' (22 Agosti 1848 – 4 Februari 1896) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) kama mshambuliaji katika mechi ya kwanza ya kimataifa dhidi ya Scotland mwaka 1872. == Kazi == Brockbank alizaliwa Whitehaven, Cumberland na alisoma katika Shrewsbury School, ambapo aliichezea timu ya shule katika mchezo wa “soccer” kabla ya kujiunga na Trinity College, Cambridge....' 1544084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Brockbank''' (22 Agosti 1848 – 4 Februari 1896) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) kama mshambuliaji katika mechi ya kwanza ya kimataifa dhidi ya Scotland mwaka 1872. == Kazi == Brockbank alizaliwa Whitehaven, Cumberland na alisoma katika Shrewsbury School, ambapo aliichezea timu ya shule katika mchezo wa “soccer” kabla ya kujiunga na Trinity College, Cambridge. Alihitimu shahada ya B.A. mwaka 1873.<ref name=venn>{{acad|BRKK867J|name=Brockbank, John}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1848|1896}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] izf0lznn6pziduk9mt21g3mo9i0fm8z Janete Pietá 0 235558 1544085 2026-05-16T04:37:00Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Janete Rocha Pietá''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Janete Pietá''' (alizaliwa 1 Novemba 1946), ni mwalimu, mbunifu wa majengo, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] kwa mihula miwili mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2015. Baadaye, alichaguliwa kuwa Diwani wa Jiji la [[Guarulhos]]. =...' 1544085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janete Rocha Pietá''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Janete Pietá''' (alizaliwa 1 Novemba 1946), ni mwalimu, mbunifu wa majengo, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] kwa mihula miwili mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2015. Baadaye, alichaguliwa kuwa Diwani wa Jiji la [[Guarulhos]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/141459 Wasifu wa zamani katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1946||Pietá, Janete}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Madiwani wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5khya2y81ouzc1y7ldn6iqo3w9e5msb Thabatta Pimenta 0 235559 1544086 2026-05-16T04:40:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Thabatta Pimenta de Medeiros Silva''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Thabatta Pimenta''' (alizaliwa 15 Januari 1992), ni mtangazaji wa redio, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anahudumu kama Diwani wa Jiji (city councillor) la [[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]] tangu mwaka 2025. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.natal.rn.leg.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Baraza la Mji w...' 1544086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thabatta Pimenta de Medeiros Silva''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Thabatta Pimenta''' (alizaliwa 15 Januari 1992), ni mtangazaji wa redio, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL). Anahudumu kama Diwani wa Jiji (city councillor) la [[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]] tangu mwaka 2025. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.natal.rn.leg.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Baraza la Mji wa Natal] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1992||Pimenta, Thabatta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9n88zzwthhwdoay0m9tbc88ggm152i2 John Brodie (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862) 0 235560 1544087 2026-05-16T04:42:16Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Brant Brodie''' (30 Agosti 1862 – 16 Februari 1925) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) na alikuwa mtu muhimu katika miaka ya mwanzo ya kuanzishwa kwa Wolverhampton Wanderers. == Maisha ya awali na binafsi == Alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1862 katika Wightwick, Brodie alibatizwa tarehe 6 Oktoba 1862 katika Kanisa la St Peter, Wolverhampton, akiwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto watatu wa Henry Hugh, mfanyakazi wa kuyeyusha chuma...' 1544087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Brant Brodie''' (30 Agosti 1862 – 16 Februari 1925) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) na alikuwa mtu muhimu katika miaka ya mwanzo ya kuanzishwa kwa Wolverhampton Wanderers. == Maisha ya awali na binafsi == Alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1862 katika Wightwick, Brodie alibatizwa tarehe 6 Oktoba 1862 katika Kanisa la St Peter, Wolverhampton, akiwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto watatu wa Henry Hugh, mfanyakazi wa kuyeyusha chuma (iron moulder), na Eliza Brant.<ref name=Bio>{{cite web |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrodieJB.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrodieJB.html) |title=John Brodie (163) |website=[www.englandfootballonline.com](http://www.englandfootballonline.com) |access-date=10 Juni 2025 }}</ref> Mnamo 9 Aprili 1887, akiwa na umri wa miaka 24, Brodie alifunga ndoa na Eda Lockley katika Kanisa la St. Luke, Wolverhampton, na walizaa watoto wanne: John (1888), Harold (1892), na Phyllis (1896).<ref name=Bio/> == Kazi ya uchezaji == Mwaka 1877, Brodie akiwa na umri wa miaka 15 pamoja na John Baynton walikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa klabu ya mpira wa miguu iliyokuja kuwa Wolverhampton Wanderers.<ref name=Wolv>{{cite web |url=[https://www.wolves.co.uk/club/history/hall-of-fame/jack-brodie/](https://www.wolves.co.uk/club/history/hall-of-fame/jack-brodie/) |title=Jack Brodie |website=[www.wolves.co.uk](http://www.wolves.co.uk) |access-date=10 Juni 2025 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1925}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 85nobbowlcujcdav0zbgpc7qcdnj5bu 1544137 1544087 2026-05-16T07:47:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[John Brodie (footballer, born 1862)]] hadi [[John Brodie (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Brant Brodie''' (30 Agosti 1862 – 16 Februari 1925) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) na alikuwa mtu muhimu katika miaka ya mwanzo ya kuanzishwa kwa Wolverhampton Wanderers. == Maisha ya awali na binafsi == Alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1862 katika Wightwick, Brodie alibatizwa tarehe 6 Oktoba 1862 katika Kanisa la St Peter, Wolverhampton, akiwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto watatu wa Henry Hugh, mfanyakazi wa kuyeyusha chuma (iron moulder), na Eliza Brant.<ref name=Bio>{{cite web |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrodieJB.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrodieJB.html) |title=John Brodie (163) |website=[www.englandfootballonline.com](http://www.englandfootballonline.com) |access-date=10 Juni 2025 }}</ref> Mnamo 9 Aprili 1887, akiwa na umri wa miaka 24, Brodie alifunga ndoa na Eda Lockley katika Kanisa la St. Luke, Wolverhampton, na walizaa watoto wanne: John (1888), Harold (1892), na Phyllis (1896).<ref name=Bio/> == Kazi ya uchezaji == Mwaka 1877, Brodie akiwa na umri wa miaka 15 pamoja na John Baynton walikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa klabu ya mpira wa miguu iliyokuja kuwa Wolverhampton Wanderers.<ref name=Wolv>{{cite web |url=[https://www.wolves.co.uk/club/history/hall-of-fame/jack-brodie/](https://www.wolves.co.uk/club/history/hall-of-fame/jack-brodie/) |title=Jack Brodie |website=[www.wolves.co.uk](http://www.wolves.co.uk) |access-date=10 Juni 2025 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1925}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 85nobbowlcujcdav0zbgpc7qcdnj5bu 1544139 1544137 2026-05-16T07:48:34Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544139 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Brant Brodie''' (30 Agosti 1862 – 16 Februari 1925) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] na alikuwa mtu muhimu katika miaka ya mwanzo ya kuanzishwa kwa [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.]]. == Maisha ya awali na binafsi == Alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1862 katika Wightwick, Brodie alibatizwa tarehe 6 Oktoba 1862 katika Kanisa la St Peter, Wolverhampton, akiwa mtoto wa kwanza kati ya watoto watatu wa Henry Hugh, mfanyakazi wa kuyeyusha chuma (iron moulder), na Eliza Brant.<ref name=Bio>{{cite web |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrodieJB.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrodieJB.html) |title=John Brodie (163) |website=[www.englandfootballonline.com](http://www.englandfootballonline.com) |access-date=10 Juni 2025 }}</ref> Mnamo 9 Aprili 1887, akiwa na umri wa miaka 24, Brodie alifunga ndoa na Eda Lockley katika Kanisa la St. Luke, Wolverhampton, na walizaa watoto wanne: John (1888), Harold (1892), na Phyllis (1896).<ref name=Bio/> == Kazi ya uchezaji == Mwaka 1877, Brodie akiwa na umri wa miaka 15 pamoja na John Baynton walikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa klabu ya mpira wa miguu iliyokuja kuwa Wolverhampton Wanderers.<ref name=Wolv>{{cite web |url=[https://www.wolves.co.uk/club/history/hall-of-fame/jack-brodie/](https://www.wolves.co.uk/club/history/hall-of-fame/jack-brodie/) |title=Jack Brodie |website=[www.wolves.co.uk](http://www.wolves.co.uk) |access-date=10 Juni 2025 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1862|1925}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] kkrtphx2pu26nkqnkdnt2itu5zhvkkc Ana Pimentel 0 235561 1544088 2026-05-16T04:43:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Cristina de Lima Pimentel''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Ana Pimentel''' (alizaliwa 15 Mei 1982), ni daktari, mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220632/biografia|title=Ana Pimentel – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of...' 1544088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Cristina de Lima Pimentel''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Ana Pimentel''' (alizaliwa 15 Mei 1982), ni daktari, mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220632/biografia|title=Ana Pimentel – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2024, alichaguliwa kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Kulinda Haki za Wanawake katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/vida-e-cidadania/quem-e-ana-pimentel-nova-presidente-da-comissao-da-mulher-na-camara/|title=Quem é Ana Pimentel, nova presidente da Comissão da Mulher na Câmara|work=Gazeta do Povo|date=21 Machi 2024|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220632 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982||Pimentel, Ana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kvqmdlyvsar219vs9go5rscfxvvahzw Dayane Pimentel 0 235562 1544090 2026-05-16T04:49:35Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dayane Jamille Carneiro dos Santos Pimentel''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Professora Dayane Pimentel''' (alizaliwa 30 Januari 1986), ni mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Bahia]] katika [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil]] kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2023.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=PROFESSORA DAYANE PIMENTEL – Biografia|url=https://www....' 1544090 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dayane Jamille Carneiro dos Santos Pimentel''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Professora Dayane Pimentel''' (alizaliwa 30 Januari 1986), ni mwalimu na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Bahia]] katika [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil]] kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2023.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=PROFESSORA DAYANE PIMENTEL – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204565/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|language=pt|accessdate=23 Julai 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204565 Wasifu wa zamani katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1986||Pimentel, Dayane}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g24uiah37ml1joye747ozd42b8b111u Tom Bromilow 0 235563 1544091 2026-05-16T04:49:40Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sir William Bromley-Davenport''' (21 Januari 1862 – 6 Februari 1949) alikuwa mwanajeshi wa [[Uingereza]], mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu, na mwanasiasa wa Chama cha Conservative. Alipigana kwa ujasiri katika vita vya Vita vya Pili vya Boer na Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia. Alikuwa mbunge kuanzia 1886 hadi 1906, na alihudumu serikalini chini ya Arthur Balfour kama Katibu wa Fedha wa Ofisi ya Vita kuanzia 1903 hadi 1905. Alikuwa mchezaji mashuhuri wa mpira...' 1544091 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir William Bromley-Davenport''' (21 Januari 1862 – 6 Februari 1949) alikuwa mwanajeshi wa [[Uingereza]], mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu, na mwanasiasa wa Chama cha Conservative. Alipigana kwa ujasiri katika vita vya Vita vya Pili vya Boer na Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia. Alikuwa mbunge kuanzia 1886 hadi 1906, na alihudumu serikalini chini ya Arthur Balfour kama Katibu wa Fedha wa Ofisi ya Vita kuanzia 1903 hadi 1905. Alikuwa mchezaji mashuhuri wa mpira wa miguu, akifunga mabao mawili kwa Uingereza dhidi ya Wales katika 1883–84 Ushindi wa nyumbani Uingereza, mashindano ya kwanza ya kimataifa duniani, yaliyoshirikisha tu mataifa ya Uingereza. == Asili na elimu == Bromley-Davenport alizaliwa 5 Lowndes Street, Belgravia, London,<ref>{{cite news |title=Births |url=[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000158/18620208/038/0008](https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000158/18620208/038/0008) |access-date=22 Mei 2023 |work=Cheshire Observer |date=8 Februari 1862 |page=8 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> akiwa mtoto wa William Bromley Davenport na mkewe Augusta Elizabeth Campbell, binti wa Walter Campbell wa Islay. Alisoma katika Eton na Balliol College, Oxford.<ref name="times">{{cite news |url=[https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS119490632/TTDA](https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS119490632/TTDA) |title= Obituary: Brig.-Gen. Sir William Bromley-Davenport |newspaper=[[The Times]] |publication-place=London |via=The Times Digital Archive |date=8 Februari 1949 |page=7 |access-date=2024-02-08}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1949}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] s4buv9u9ryjnbm825u3zekzgej5gwmw Mayara Pinheiro 0 235564 1544092 2026-05-16T04:53:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mayara Monique Figueiredo Pinheiro Reis''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Dra. Mayara Pinheiro''' (alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1987), ni daktari na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Republicanos]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sapl.al.am.leg.br/parlamentar/44|title=Dra. Mayara Pinheiro|publisher=Legislative Assem...' 1544092 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mayara Monique Figueiredo Pinheiro Reis''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Dra. Mayara Pinheiro''' (alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1987), ni daktari na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Republicanos]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas]] tangu mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sapl.al.am.leg.br/parlamentar/44|title=Dra. Mayara Pinheiro|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Amazonas|language=pt}}</ref> Awali, alihudumu kama Makamu wa Meya wa mji wa [[Coari]] kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.portaldoholanda.com.br/noticia-hoje/candidata-eleita-mayara-renuncia-como-vice-prefeita-de-coari-para-ser-deputada|title=Candidata eleita, Mayara renuncia como vice-prefeita de Coari para ser deputada|work=Portal do Holanda|date=31 Januari 2019|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://sapl.al.am.leg.br/parlamentar/44 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Amazonas] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1987||Pinheiro, Mayara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Amazonas]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 847lpxl6wia6t3601270djxr1mu0ktd Sarah Poncio 0 235565 1544093 2026-05-16T04:56:12Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sarah Poncio Silva de Souza''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Sarah Poncio''' (alizaliwa 7 Julai 1997), ni mjasiriamali, mshawishi wa mitandao ya kijamii (internet personality), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[PROS]] (kwa sasa kimeungana na Solidariedade). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www...' 1544093 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sarah Poncio Silva de Souza''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Sarah Poncio''' (alizaliwa 7 Julai 1997), ni mjasiriamali, mshawishi wa mitandao ya kijamii (internet personality), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[PROS]] (kwa sasa kimeungana na Solidariedade). Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro|Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro]] (ALERJ) tangu mwaka 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.correiobraziliense.com.br/colunistas/mariana-morais/2024/10/6959756-sarah-poncio-assumira-como-deputada-estadual-pelo-rj-em-2025.html|title=Sarah Poncio assumirá como deputada estadual pelo RJ em 2025|work=Correio Braziliense|date=7 Oktoba 2024|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.instagram.com/sarah Ukurasa rasmi wa Sarah Poncio kwenye Instagram] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1997||Poncio, Sarah}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] chd6vsvomjtcqw7oj28sn8pd1cgdiqn Eric Brook 0 235566 1544094 2026-05-16T04:58:00Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eric Fred Brook''' (27 Novemba 1907 – 29 Machi 1965) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya outside left. Brook pia alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa timu ya taifa ya England (England). Alijulikana kwa kuwa mchezaji mwenye nguvu za mwili.<ref>{{cite book |last=Glanville |first=Brian |title=A Book of Soccer|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1979|isbn= 0-19-502585-7}} p231</ref> == Marejeo ==...' 1544094 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eric Fred Brook''' (27 Novemba 1907 – 29 Machi 1965) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika nafasi ya outside left. Brook pia alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa timu ya taifa ya England (England). Alijulikana kwa kuwa mchezaji mwenye nguvu za mwili.<ref>{{cite book |last=Glanville |first=Brian |title=A Book of Soccer|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1979|isbn= 0-19-502585-7}} p231</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1907|1965}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] py4v0w36zxf4ndl9285d0ul86or2jea Alê Portela 0 235567 1544095 2026-05-16T04:59:33Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alessandra Diniz Portela Silveira''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Alê Portela''' (alizaliwa 5 Februari 1988), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Katibu wa Maendeleo ya Jamii (Secretary of Social Development) wa jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] tingu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://social.mg.gov.br/noticias-artigos/2336-governador-empossa-novas-...' 1544095 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alessandra Diniz Portela Silveira''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Alê Portela''' (alizaliwa 5 Februari 1988), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] (PL). Anafanya kazi kama Katibu wa Maendeleo ya Jamii (Secretary of Social Development) wa jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] tingu mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://social.mg.gov.br/noticias-artigos/2336-governador-empossa-novas-secretarias-de-estado|title=Governador empossa nova secretária de Estado|publisher=Government of Minas Gerais|date=11 Juni 2024|language=pt}}</ref> Pia, ni Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Minas Gerais|Bunge la Jimbo la Minas Gerais]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.almg.gov.br/deputados/ale-portela/16234|title=Alê Portela|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Minas Gerais|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.almg.gov.br/deputados/ale-portela/16234 Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Minas Gerais] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Portela, Ale}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3bzwsmn51sm19vd9hfxa3azwihmvk47 Johnny Brooks 0 235568 1544096 2026-05-16T05:02:16Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Brooks''' (23 Desemba 1931 – 7 Juni 2016) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea Reading, Tottenham Hotspur, Chelsea, Brentford na Crystal Palace katika Ligi ya Soka ya Uingereza. Brooks aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu na kufunga mabao mawili.<ref>Hugman, B.J. (Ed.), ''The PFA Premier & Football League Players' Records (1946–2005)'' 2005 p84 {{ISBN|1-85291-665-6}} Retrieved 16 September...' 1544096 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Brooks''' (23 Desemba 1931 – 7 Juni 2016) alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye alichezea Reading, Tottenham Hotspur, Chelsea, Brentford na Crystal Palace katika Ligi ya Soka ya Uingereza. Brooks aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu na kufunga mabao mawili.<ref>Hugman, B.J. (Ed.), ''The PFA Premier & Football League Players' Records (1946–2005)'' 2005 p84 {{ISBN|1-85291-665-6}} Retrieved 16 September 2008</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1931|2016}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] dturrs6elntbwcwddp2icjt7xp3u9gq Giorgia Prates 0 235569 1544097 2026-05-16T05:02:26Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Giorgia Tais Xavier Prates''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Giorgia Prates - Mandata Preta''' (alizaliwa 23 Septemba 1978), ni mwandishi wa habari za picha (photojournalist), msanii, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Anafanya kazi kama Diwani wa Jiji (city councillor) la [[Curitiba]] tangu mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https:/...' 1544097 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Giorgia Tais Xavier Prates''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Giorgia Prates - Mandata Preta''' (alizaliwa 23 Septemba 1978), ni mwandishi wa habari za picha (photojournalist), msanii, mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT). Anafanya kazi kama Diwani wa Jiji (city councillor) la [[Curitiba]] tangu mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.curitiba.pr.leg.br/ Wasifu rasmi katika Halmashauri ya Jiji la Curitiba] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978||Prates, Giorgia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] by23ymf23g28rwxhkurytch71jy20uf Dirce Tutu Quadros 0 235570 1544098 2026-05-16T05:04:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dirce Maria do Valle Quadros''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Dirce Tutu Quadros''' au '''Tutu Quadros''' (28 Desemba 1943 — 28 Agosti 2014), alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alikuwa mtoto wa pekee wa aliyekuwa Rais wa Brazil, [[Jânio Quadros]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/133095 Wasifu wa kihistoria katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2014|Quadros, Dirce Tutu}} J...' 1544098 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dirce Maria do Valle Quadros''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Dirce Tutu Quadros''' au '''Tutu Quadros''' (28 Desemba 1943 — 28 Agosti 2014), alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alikuwa mtoto wa pekee wa aliyekuwa Rais wa Brazil, [[Jânio Quadros]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/133095 Wasifu wa kihistoria katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943|2014|Quadros, Dirce Tutu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu waliofariki]] 1f2i0ejmqoi3yotoaul9k2yreafxbos Ivian Sarcos 0 235571 1544100 2026-05-16T05:16:41Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ivian Sarcos''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 26]], [[1989]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Venezuela]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka 2011 tarehe [[6 Novemba]] [[2011]] huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]]. Sarcos ni mwanamke wa sita kutoka Venezuela kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2010]], [[Alexandria Mills]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.missworld.com/shownews/MISS-WORLD-2011-is-VENEZUELA/419.html |title=Miss World Offic...' 1544100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivian Sarcos''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 26]], [[1989]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Venezuela]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka 2011 tarehe [[6 Novemba]] [[2011]] huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]]. Sarcos ni mwanamke wa sita kutoka Venezuela kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2010]], [[Alexandria Mills]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.missworld.com/shownews/MISS-WORLD-2011-is-VENEZUELA/419.html |title=Miss World Official Site: MISS WORLD 2011 is VENEZUELA |publisher=Miss World |access-date=November 8, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107141848/http://www.missworld.com/shownews/MISS-WORLD-2011-is-VENEZUELA/419.html |archive-date=November 7, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.carasonline.net/estilo/protagonistas/361584/ivian-sarcos-mujer-pocas |title=Ivian Sarcos mujer como pocas |website=Carasonline.net |access-date=December 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615174644/http://www.carasonline.net/estilo/protagonistas/361584/ivian-sarcos-mujer-pocas/ |archive-date=June 15, 2013 |url-status=usurped |df=mdy-all }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Venezuela]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] t6lf37eprpgc94kdf4zb6b7xdlooy54 Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1885) 0 235572 1544101 2026-05-16T05:24:09Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arthur Samuel Brown''' (6 Aprili 1885 – 27 Juni 1944) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (England) ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji.<ref>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html) England's Players - Bach to Byrne]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1885|1944}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]]' 1544101 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Samuel Brown''' (6 Aprili 1885 – 27 Juni 1944) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (England) ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji.<ref>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html) England's Players - Bach to Byrne]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1885|1944}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] eacj2etnl20zab3ien4s3vu7p7x9fks 1544182 1544101 2026-05-16T08:11:59Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1885)]] hadi [[Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1885)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544101 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Samuel Brown''' (6 Aprili 1885 – 27 Juni 1944) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (England) ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji.<ref>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html) England's Players - Bach to Byrne]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1885|1944}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] eacj2etnl20zab3ien4s3vu7p7x9fks 1544185 1544182 2026-05-16T08:12:40Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Samuel Brown''' (6 Aprili 1885 – 27 Juni 1944) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye alicheza kama mshambuliaji.<ref>[[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrs/Plyr_B.html) England's Players - Bach to Byrne]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1885|1944}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 98el5gb7afizywbv19pl2m7qpfugjtz Yu Wenxia 0 235573 1544102 2026-05-16T05:25:44Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yu Wenxia''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 5]], [[1989]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwimbaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[China]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2012]] huko Ordos City,[[Mongolia ya Kichina]], akiwa mwanamke wa china wa pili kushinda taji hilo baada ya [[Zhang Zilin]] mwaka [[2007]]. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2011]], [[Ivian Sarcos]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa China]] [...' 1544102 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yu Wenxia''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 5]], [[1989]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwimbaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[China]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2012]] huko Ordos City,[[Mongolia ya Kichina]], akiwa mwanamke wa china wa pili kushinda taji hilo baada ya [[Zhang Zilin]] mwaka [[2007]]. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2011]], [[Ivian Sarcos]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa China]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa China]] d2ci4ioocd436b8yorg8iswk6sdy2eb 1544103 1544102 2026-05-16T05:28:50Z Ally0111 85292 1544103 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yu Wenxia''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 5]], [[1989]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwimbaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[China]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2012]] huko Ordos City,[[Mongolia ya Kichina]], akiwa mwanamke wa china wa pili kushinda taji hilo baada ya [[Zhang Zilin]] mwaka [[2007]]. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2011]], [[Ivian Sarcos]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 August 2012 |title=Miss China crowned Miss World 2012 |url=https://archive.org/details/BNA-DIG-ARUBATODAY-2012-08-20 |access-date=18 February 2025 |work=Aruba Today |pages=30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rrcc-DVFgYA |title=Miss World 2013 – Magic Flute Trio: Wenxia Yu, Erin Holland (Australia) and Vania Larissa (Indonesia)|website=[[YouTube]] |date=8 October 2013 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa China]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa China]] f0ez6rpid9nk3iqjwiah7icg8iy1x46 Billy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1900) 0 235574 1544104 2026-05-16T05:31:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Brown''' (22 Agosti 1900 – 7 Januari 1985)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Bill Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=4 Oktoba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya soka kwa vilabu vya West H...' 1544104 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Brown''' (22 Agosti 1900 – 7 Januari 1985)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Bill Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=4 Oktoba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya soka kwa vilabu vya West Ham United, Chelsea, Fulham, Stockport County na Hartlepool United.<ref name=Joyce2012>{{cite book| first=Michael| last=Joyce| title=Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939| year=2012| orig-year=2002| publisher=SoccerData| location=Nottingham| isbn=978-1-905891-61-0| page=42}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1900|1985}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 5yoaef7px9yqjdxm4gcymh6vdwlot8u 1544186 1544104 2026-05-16T08:13:12Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Billy Brown (footballer, born 1900)]] hadi [[Billy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1900)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544104 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Brown''' (22 Agosti 1900 – 7 Januari 1985)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Bill Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=4 Oktoba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya soka kwa vilabu vya West Ham United, Chelsea, Fulham, Stockport County na Hartlepool United.<ref name=Joyce2012>{{cite book| first=Michael| last=Joyce| title=Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939| year=2012| orig-year=2002| publisher=SoccerData| location=Nottingham| isbn=978-1-905891-61-0| page=42}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1900|1985}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 5yoaef7px9yqjdxm4gcymh6vdwlot8u 1544188 1544186 2026-05-16T08:13:41Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544188 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Brown''' (22 Agosti 1900 – 7 Januari 1985)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Bill Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownW.html) |website=englandfootballonline |accessdate=4 Oktoba 2018}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alicheza katika Ligi ya soka kwa vilabu vya West Ham United, Chelsea, Fulham, Stockport County na Hartlepool United.<ref name=Joyce2012>{{cite book| first=Michael| last=Joyce| title=Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939| year=2012| orig-year=2002| publisher=SoccerData| location=Nottingham| isbn=978-1-905891-61-0| page=42}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1900|1985}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] q1bas4957autma72fhctsz6ec6r3dbo Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1858) 0 235575 1544105 2026-05-16T05:35:00Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arthur Alfred Brown''' (3 Desemba 1858 – 1 Julai 1909)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Arthur Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html) |website=englandfootballonline |access-date=4 Julai 2018 |date=3 Januari 2016 |archive-date=13 October 2023 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231013212140/http://www.englandfootbal...' 1544105 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Alfred Brown''' (3 Desemba 1858 – 1 Julai 1909)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Arthur Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html) |website=englandfootballonline |access-date=4 Julai 2018 |date=3 Januari 2016 |archive-date=13 October 2023 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231013212140/http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20231013212140/http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html) |url-status=live }}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye aliichezea Aston Villa katika miaka ya 1880. Alikuwa mchezaji wao wa kwanza wa kimataifa, akichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu mwaka 1882. Katika maisha yake yote ya soka alijulikana kwa jina la utani la "Digger" Brown. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1858|1909}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 0i3zri68dp8bkze450egxfnkq5iujuc 1544189 1544105 2026-05-16T08:14:07Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1858)]] hadi [[Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1858)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544105 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Alfred Brown''' (3 Desemba 1858 – 1 Julai 1909)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Arthur Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html) |website=englandfootballonline |access-date=4 Julai 2018 |date=3 Januari 2016 |archive-date=13 October 2023 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231013212140/http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20231013212140/http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html) |url-status=live }}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye aliichezea Aston Villa katika miaka ya 1880. Alikuwa mchezaji wao wa kwanza wa kimataifa, akichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu mwaka 1882. Katika maisha yake yote ya soka alijulikana kwa jina la utani la "Digger" Brown. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1858|1909}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 0i3zri68dp8bkze450egxfnkq5iujuc 1544191 1544189 2026-05-16T08:14:35Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544191 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arthur Alfred Brown''' (3 Desemba 1858 – 1 Julai 1909)<ref>{{cite web |title=England players: Arthur Brown |url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html) |website=englandfootballonline |access-date=4 Julai 2018 |date=3 Januari 2016 |archive-date=13 October 2023 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20231013212140/http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20231013212140/http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownA.html) |url-status=live }}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye aliichezea Aston Villa katika miaka ya 1880. Alikuwa mchezaji wao wa kwanza wa kimataifa, akichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara tatu mwaka 1882. Katika maisha yake yote ya soka alijulikana kwa jina la utani la "Digger" Brown. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1858|1909}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] cxwvxcda6d5ji94sd79afci7pcfhpvz Zhang Zilin 0 235576 1544106 2026-05-16T05:36:39Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Zhang Zilin''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 22]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwimbaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[China]].Aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2007]] alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2006]] [[Taťána Kuchařová]].Hapo awali alitwaa taji la Miss China World 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://entertainment.malaysia.msn.com/asian/the-monkey-king-to-enter-madame-tussauds-hk-1?page=3 |title=Celebrity news, interviews, video and...' 1544106 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zhang Zilin''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 22]], [[1984]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwimbaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[China]].Aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2007]] alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2006]] [[Taťána Kuchařová]].Hapo awali alitwaa taji la Miss China World 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://entertainment.malaysia.msn.com/asian/the-monkey-king-to-enter-madame-tussauds-hk-1?page=3 |title=Celebrity news, interviews, video and more - MSN Entertainment |website=Entertainment.malaysia.msn.com |date=2015-06-27 |access-date=2015-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217103834/http://entertainment.malaysia.msn.com/asian/the-monkey-king-to-enter-madame-tussauds-hk-1?page=3 |archive-date=2013-12-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa China]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1984]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa China]] 62pw4bi7y10in4tlq14rip6zkog2o8z George Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1903) 0 235577 1544108 2026-05-16T05:38:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Brown''' (22 Juni 1903 – 10 Juni 1948) alikuwa mchezaji na meneja wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Uingereza (soka), ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka katika klabu ya Huddersfield Town. Kwa mujibu wa RSSSF, alifunga zaidi ya mabao 517 katika mechi rasmi 711.<ref>{{cite web|url= [https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title](https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title) =Prolific Scorers Data |website =[[RSSSF]] |accessdate =...' 1544108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Brown''' (22 Juni 1903 – 10 Juni 1948) alikuwa mchezaji na meneja wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Uingereza (soka), ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka katika klabu ya Huddersfield Town. Kwa mujibu wa RSSSF, alifunga zaidi ya mabao 517 katika mechi rasmi 711.<ref>{{cite web|url= [https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title](https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title) =Prolific Scorers Data |website =[[RSSSF]] |accessdate = 8 Agosti 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1903|1948}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] p6lp5muajguiuoxnrbe71vbqlw0rdjn 1544193 1544108 2026-05-16T08:15:18Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[George Brown (footballer, born 1903)]] hadi [[George Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1903)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Brown''' (22 Juni 1903 – 10 Juni 1948) alikuwa mchezaji na meneja wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Uingereza (soka), ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka katika klabu ya Huddersfield Town. Kwa mujibu wa RSSSF, alifunga zaidi ya mabao 517 katika mechi rasmi 711.<ref>{{cite web|url= [https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title](https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title) =Prolific Scorers Data |website =[[RSSSF]] |accessdate = 8 Agosti 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1903|1948}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] p6lp5muajguiuoxnrbe71vbqlw0rdjn 1544195 1544193 2026-05-16T08:15:40Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Brown''' (22 Juni 1903 – 10 Juni 1948) alikuwa mchezaji na meneja wa mpira wa miguu kutoka Uingereza (soka), ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka katika klabu ya Huddersfield Town. Kwa mujibu wa RSSSF, alifunga zaidi ya mabao 517 katika mechi rasmi 711.<ref>{{cite web|url= [https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title](https://www.rsssf.org/players/prolific.html|title) =Prolific Scorers Data |website =[[RSSSF]] |accessdate = 8 Agosti 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1903|1948}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] 99pk1obotoipm3aq8w4si4pjfzmlafl Ksenia Sukhinova 0 235578 1544109 2026-05-16T05:39:56Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ksenia Vladimirovna Sukhinova''' ( alizaliwa [[Agosti 26]], [[1987]]) ni mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Urusi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2008]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa pili wa Urusi kutwaa taji la Miss World, na hapo awali alikuwa ametwaa taji la Miss Russia [[2007]].<ref name="peoplestar">{{cite news|url=http://www.peoplestar.co.uk/index.html?news=298|title=Ksenia Sukhinova of Russia is Miss World 2008|work=peoplestar.c...' 1544109 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ksenia Vladimirovna Sukhinova''' ( alizaliwa [[Agosti 26]], [[1987]]) ni mtangazaji wa TV, [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Urusi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2008]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa pili wa Urusi kutwaa taji la Miss World, na hapo awali alikuwa ametwaa taji la Miss Russia [[2007]].<ref name="peoplestar">{{cite news|url=http://www.peoplestar.co.uk/index.html?news=298|title=Ksenia Sukhinova of Russia is Miss World 2008|work=peoplestar.co.uk|date=14 December 2008|access-date=21 December 2008|archive-date=13 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213091959/http://www.peoplestar.co.uk/index.html?news=298|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="pravda">{{cite news|url=http://english.pravda.ru/society/stories/18-12-2008/106847-miss_world_russia-0|title=World's most beautiful girl from Russia does not know how to spend her prize money|work=[[Pravda]]|date=18 December 2008|access-date=21 December 2008}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 37vj8p59g4tadk4gy0gk8s9y8i2enhh Taťána Kuchařová 0 235579 1544116 2026-05-16T07:00:33Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Taťána Kuchařová''' (zamani '''Taťána Gregor Brzobohatá''' alizaliwa [[Desemba 23]], [[1987]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Ucheki]] aliyeshinda taji la Miss Czech Republic na [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2006]]. Kwa kufanya hivyo, aliweka historia kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Jamhuri ya Ucheki kushinda taji katika hafla ya mwisho ya shindano la Miss World, lililofanyika tarehe [[30 Septemba]] 2006, huko [[Warshawa|Warsaw]], [[Polandi]]. Alimal...' 1544116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taťána Kuchařová''' (zamani '''Taťána Gregor Brzobohatá''' alizaliwa [[Desemba 23]], [[1987]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Ucheki]] aliyeshinda taji la Miss Czech Republic na [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2006]]. Kwa kufanya hivyo, aliweka historia kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Jamhuri ya Ucheki kushinda taji katika hafla ya mwisho ya shindano la Miss World, lililofanyika tarehe [[30 Septemba]] 2006, huko [[Warshawa|Warsaw]], [[Polandi]]. Alimaliza katika nafasi ya pili katika StarDance, toleo la Ucheki la Dancing with the Stars, mwaka [[2013]]. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2005]], [[Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.novinky.cz/koktejl/82275-miss-cr-je-osmnactileta-tatana-kucharova.html|title=Miss ČR je osmnáctiletá Taťána Kuchařová |date=8 April 2006|website=[[Novinky.cz]]|accessdate=30 April 2009|language=cs|publisher=Borgis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/new-miss-world-crowned/2006/10/01/1159641194851.html|title=New Miss World crowned |date=1 October 2006|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=15 April 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ucheki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8c61g0e6gjyxmezexd8k8y4ewbuh50f 1544288 1544116 2026-05-16T11:30:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1544288 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Taťána Kuchařová''' (zamani '''Taťána Gregor Brzobohatá''' alizaliwa [[Desemba 23]], [[1987]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Ucheki]] aliyeshinda taji la Miss Czech Republic na [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2006]]. Kwa kufanya hivyo, aliweka historia kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Jamhuri ya Ucheki kushinda taji katika hafla ya mwisho ya shindano la Miss World, lililofanyika tarehe [[30 Septemba]] 2006, huko [[Warshawa|Warsaw]], [[Polandi]]. Alimaliza katika nafasi ya pili katika StarDance, toleo la Ucheki la Dancing with the Stars, mwaka [[2013]]. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2005]], [[Unnur Birna Vilhjálmsdóttir]].<ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.novinky.cz/koktejl/82275-miss-cr-je-osmnactileta-tatana-kucharova.html|title=Miss ČR je osmnáctiletá Taťána Kuchařová |date=8 April 2006|website=[[Novinky.cz]]|accessdate=30 April 2009|language=cs|publisher=Borgis}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/new-miss-world-crowned/2006/10/01/1159641194851.html|title=New Miss World crowned |date=1 October 2006|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=15 April 2009}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ucheki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0e5cfayj6nfsq70sf36oah4njtso0r1 Marinha Raupp 0 235580 1544117 2026-05-16T07:02:41Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marinha Célia Rocha Raupp de Matos''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Marinha Raupp''' (alizaliwa 23 Novemba 1960), ni mwanasaikolojia, mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] (Movimento Democrático Brasileiro). Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rondônia]] kwa mihula sita mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2019.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=MARINHA RAUPP – Biogr...' 1544117 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marinha Célia Rocha Raupp de Matos''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Marinha Raupp''' (alizaliwa 23 Novemba 1960), ni mwanasaikolojia, mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] (Movimento Democrático Brasileiro). Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rondônia]] kwa mihula sita mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 1995 hadi 2019.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=MARINHA RAUPP – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/74177/biografia|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|language=pt|accessdate=15 Septemba 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/74177 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960||Raupp, Marinha}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6aazm1yzapg7v2bo8apwac0xep6j23h Manushi Chhillar 0 235581 1544118 2026-05-16T07:15:02Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Manushi Chhillar''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 14]], [[1997]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2017]]. Aliwakilisha jimbo lake la [[Haryana]] katika shindano la Femina Miss India 2017 na akashinda taji la Femina Miss India World 2017, na kisha akaenda kuwa mwanamke wa [[Uhindi]] wa sita kutwaa taji la Miss World baada ya miaka 17. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2016]], [[Stephanie Del Valle]].<ref n...' 1544118 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Manushi Chhillar''' (alizaliwa [[Mei 14]], [[1997]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mshindi wa shindano la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2017]]. Aliwakilisha jimbo lake la [[Haryana]] katika shindano la Femina Miss India 2017 na akashinda taji la Femina Miss India World 2017, na kisha akaenda kuwa mwanamke wa [[Uhindi]] wa sita kutwaa taji la Miss World baada ya miaka 17. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2016]], [[Stephanie Del Valle]].<ref name="Vanity">{{cite news |title=Miss Mondo 2017 è l'indiana Manushi Chhillar |url=https://www.vanityfair.it/people/mondo/2017/11/19/miss-mondo-2017-e-lindiana-manushi-chhillar |access-date=24 May 2019 |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |date=19 November 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190328214147/https://www.vanityfair.it/people/mondo/2017/11/19/miss-mondo-2017-e-lindiana-manushi-chhillar |archive-date=28 March 2019 |language=it |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Goyal, 2017">{{cite web |last1=Goyal |first1=Sandeep |author-link1=Sandeep Goyal |title=Blog: Why Manushi Chhillar's Miss World Crown should mean more to us |url=http://www.campaignindia.in/article/blog-why-manushi-banti-chhillars-miss-world-crown-should-mean-more-to-us/441261 |website=[[Campaign (magazine)|Campaign]] |access-date=24 May 2019 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20171208212150/http://www.campaignindia.in/article/blog-why-manushi-chhillars-miss-world-crown-should-mean-more-to-us/441261 |archive-date=8 December 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uhindi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1997]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uhindi]] 7bbci69jvg70ftpz0pbr1kc5425wy3t Daniela Reinehr 0 235582 1544119 2026-05-16T07:17:45Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daniela Cristina Reinehr''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Daniela Reinehr''' (alizaliwa 4 Aprili 1977), ni mwanasheria, mzalishaji wa kilimo (producer), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] PL. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Santa Catarina (jimbo)|Santa Catarina]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220557/bio...' 1544119 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniela Cristina Reinehr''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Daniela Reinehr''' (alizaliwa 4 Aprili 1977), ni mwanasheria, mzalishaji wa kilimo (producer), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] PL. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Santa Catarina (jimbo)|Santa Catarina]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220557/biografia|title=Daniela Reinehr – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220557 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Reinehr, Daniela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] te7c69mtthzjaneb9mdquk1dcp8lbp3 Stephanie Del Valle 0 235583 1544120 2026-05-16T07:22:51Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stephanie Marie Del Valle Díaz''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 30]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwanamuziki]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Puerto Rico]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2016]]. Alikua mshindi wa pili kutoka Puerto Rico kushinda taji la Miss World, baada ya [[Wilnelia Merced]] mwaka [[1975]]. Hapo awali alishinda Miss Mundo de Puerto Rico 2016. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2015]], [[Mireia Lalaguna]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}...' 1544120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephanie Marie Del Valle Díaz''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 30]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwanamuziki]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Puerto Rico]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2016]]. Alikua mshindi wa pili kutoka Puerto Rico kushinda taji la Miss World, baada ya [[Wilnelia Merced]] mwaka [[1975]]. Hapo awali alishinda Miss Mundo de Puerto Rico 2016. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2015]], [[Mireia Lalaguna]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Puerto Rico]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Puerto Rico]] j3ubdm0gt9xolacs2e6qyf8es7icq1i 1544122 1544120 2026-05-16T07:24:49Z Ally0111 85292 1544122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephanie Marie Del Valle Díaz''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 30]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwanamuziki]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Puerto Rico]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2016]]. Alikua mshindi wa pili kutoka Puerto Rico kushinda taji la Miss World, baada ya [[Wilnelia Merced]] mwaka [[1975]]. Hapo awali alishinda Miss Mundo de Puerto Rico 2016. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2015]], [[Mireia Lalaguna]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.missworld.com/#/contestants/4676 |title=Puerto Rico 2016 |publisher=Miss World Official Website |via=missworld.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.primerahora.com/entretenimiento/reinas/nota/detoabajalanuevamissmundopuertorico-1143086/ |title=De Toa Baja la nueva Miss Mundo Puerto Rico |date=March 18, 2016 |publisher=PrimeraHora.com |language=Spanish}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Puerto Rico]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Puerto Rico]] ise62vlsbxtvdim97skjdvveuwwcwv2 Vilma Reis 0 235584 1544121 2026-05-16T07:23:45Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Vilma Maria dos Santos Reis''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Vilma Reis''' (alizaliwa 1969), ni mwanasoshiolojia na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]]. Yeye ni mtetezi wa haki za binadamu, wanawake, watu weusi, vijana, na jamii ya LGBT. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.ufba.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chuo Kikuu cha Shirikisho cha Bahia] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969||Reis, Vilma}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] Ja...' 1544121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vilma Maria dos Santos Reis''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Vilma Reis''' (alizaliwa 1969), ni mwanasoshiolojia na mwanaharakati wa [[Brazil]]. Yeye ni mtetezi wa haki za binadamu, wanawake, watu weusi, vijana, na jamii ya LGBT. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.ufba.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Chuo Kikuu cha Shirikisho cha Bahia] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1969||Reis, Vilma}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a6pc4zc0ihgifcrc7ynr1b4jn3batgv Dorinha Rezende 0 235585 1544123 2026-05-16T07:28:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Auxiliadora Seabra Rezende''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Dorinha Rezende''' au '''Professora Dorinha''' (alizaliwa 1 Oktoba 1964), ni mwalimu, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Seneta wa Jamhuri (federal senator) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Tocantins]] tangu mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador...' 1544123 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Auxiliadora Seabra Rezende''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Dorinha Rezende''' au '''Professora Dorinha''' (alizaliwa 1 Oktoba 1964), ni mwalimu, mhadhiri wa chuo kikuu, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Seneta wa Jamhuri (federal senator) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Tocantins]] tangu mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/5988 Wasifu rasmi katika Seneti ya Kitaifa ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964||Rezende, Dorinha}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] euuykc0n17soojeqaf3x8tqjz3lcuyo Mireia Lalaguna 0 235586 1544124 2026-05-16T07:28:20Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mireia Lalaguna Royo''' (alizaliwa [[Novemba 21]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Hispania]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2015]], na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Uhispania kushinda Miss World. Hapo awali alitwaa taji la Miss World Spain 2015. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2014]], [[Rolene Strauss]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Hispania]] Jamii:Waliozaliwa 19...' 1544124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mireia Lalaguna Royo''' (alizaliwa [[Novemba 21]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Hispania]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2015]], na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Uhispania kushinda Miss World. Hapo awali alitwaa taji la Miss World Spain 2015. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2014]], [[Rolene Strauss]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Hispania]] bp6lt363pb136uo4qsttv3fxy3dgrkw 1544125 1544124 2026-05-16T07:29:14Z Ally0111 85292 1544125 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mireia Lalaguna Royo''' (alizaliwa [[Novemba 21]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Hispania]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2015]], na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Uhispania kushinda Miss World. Hapo awali alitwaa taji la Miss World Spain 2015. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2014]], [[Rolene Strauss]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/151220/lifestyle-fashionbeauty/article/spain’s-mireia-lalaguna-royo-crowned-miss-world-2015-china|title=Spain's Mireia Lalaguna Royo crowned Miss World 2015 in China| date=20 December 2015|work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/miss-world-2015-miss-spain-7040872.amp|work=Mirror UK|title=Miss World 2015: Miss Spain Mireia Lalaguna Royo crowned winner of competition|date=19 December 2015|first=Alex|last=Wellman}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghafla.com/meet-the-pharmacist-mireia-lalaguna-who-beat-113-beauties-to-be-crowned-miss-world-2015-photos-and-video-of-miss-world-results/|work=Ghafia|title=Meet the Pharmacist Mireia Lalaguna Who Beat 113 Beauties To Be Crowned Miss World 2015|date=21 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Spain’s Mireia Lalaguna Royo crowned Miss World 2015 in China|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world/spain-s-mireia-lalaguna-royo-crowned-miss-world-2015-in-china/story-EHQigI2KbpBaiQ4iqJlveK.html|website=Hindustan Times|date=2015-12-20|access-date=2026-01-29|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Hispania]] 95h5grtimd6aobuy3bilaw5617o26sm 1544234 1544125 2026-05-16T09:46:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544234 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mireia Lalaguna Royo''' (alizaliwa [[Novemba 21]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Hispania]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2015]], na kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kutoka Uhispania kushinda Miss World. Hapo awali alitwaa taji la Miss World Spain 2015. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2014]], [[Rolene Strauss]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/151220/lifestyle-fashionbeauty/article/spain’s-mireia-lalaguna-royo-crowned-miss-world-2015-china|title=Spain's Mireia Lalaguna Royo crowned Miss World 2015 in China| date=20 December 2015|work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/miss-world-2015-miss-spain-7040872.amp|work=Mirror UK|title=Miss World 2015: Miss Spain Mireia Lalaguna Royo crowned winner of competition|date=19 December 2015|first=Alex|last=Wellman}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghafla.com/meet-the-pharmacist-mireia-lalaguna-who-beat-113-beauties-to-be-crowned-miss-world-2015-photos-and-video-of-miss-world-results/|work=Ghafia|title=Meet the Pharmacist Mireia Lalaguna Who Beat 113 Beauties To Be Crowned Miss World 2015|date=21 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Spain’s Mireia Lalaguna Royo crowned Miss World 2015 in China|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world/spain-s-mireia-lalaguna-royo-crowned-miss-world-2015-in-china/story-EHQigI2KbpBaiQ4iqJlveK.html|website=Hindustan Times|date=2015-12-20|access-date=2026-01-29|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Hispania]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Hispania]] 7lxf2n2pg15r4o5509c3drqinzmb628 Ana Júlia Ribeiro 0 235587 1544126 2026-05-16T07:31:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ana Júlia Pires Ribeiro''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Ana Júlia''' (alizaliwa 30 Juni 2000), ni mwanaharakati wa wanafunzi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la Paraná tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.assembleia.pr.leg.br/deputados/perfil/ana-julia|title=Ana Júlia|publisher=Legislative Assembly of...' 1544126 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Júlia Pires Ribeiro''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Ana Júlia''' (alizaliwa 30 Juni 2000), ni mwanaharakati wa wanafunzi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la Paraná tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.assembleia.pr.leg.br/deputados/perfil/ana-julia|title=Ana Júlia|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Paraná|language=pt-br|access-date=29 Machi 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.assembleia.pr.leg.br/deputados/perfil/ana-julia Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Paraná] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|2000||Ribeiro, Ana Julia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Paraná]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 20xrfdbm5y3gc0t07gnd9z9afpoq3j9 1544127 1544126 2026-05-16T07:32:07Z Egipa 87700 1544127 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Júlia Pires Ribeiro''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Ana Júlia''' (alizaliwa 30 Juni 2000), ni mwanaharakati wa wanafunzi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la Paraná tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.assembleia.pr.leg.br/deputados/perfil/ana-julia|title=Ana Júlia|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Paraná|language=pt-br|access-date=29 Machi 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.assembleia.pr.leg.br/deputados/perfil/ana-julia Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Paraná] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|2000||Ribeiro, Ana Julia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5q9rd3ws3qga08bic67ftko72z9musi Luana Ribeiro 0 235588 1544129 2026-05-16T07:35:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luana Matilde Ribeiro Lima''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Luana Ribeiro''' (alizaliwa 19 Juni 1978), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Communist Party of Brazil]] PCdoB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la Tocantins tangu mwaka 2024, nafasi ambayo pia aliwahi kuishikilia kwa mihula minne mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pcdob.org.br/noticias/110702/|title=Luan...' 1544129 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luana Matilde Ribeiro Lima''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Luana Ribeiro''' (alizaliwa 19 Juni 1978), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Communist Party of Brazil]] PCdoB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la Tocantins tangu mwaka 2024, nafasi ambayo pia aliwahi kuishikilia kwa mihula minne mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pcdob.org.br/noticias/110702/|title=Luana Ribeiro volta à cadeira de deputada no Tocantins|publisher=Communist Party of Brazil|date=3 Julai 2024|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.to.leg.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Tocantins] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978||Ribeiro, Luana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4343rk4ykuebdlfmnlm1wpurnrldaf1 Megan Young 0 235589 1544130 2026-05-16T07:36:20Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Megan Lynne Talde Young-Daez''' (jina la kuzaliwa Young; alizaliwa [[Februari 27]], [[1990]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Ufilipino]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2013]]. Yeye ndiye mwakilishi wa kwanza kutoka Ufilipino na [[Asia ya Kusini-Mashariki]] kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2012]], [[Yu Wenxia]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufilipino]] Jamii:Walioz...' 1544130 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Megan Lynne Talde Young-Daez''' (jina la kuzaliwa Young; alizaliwa [[Februari 27]], [[1990]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Ufilipino]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2013]]. Yeye ndiye mwakilishi wa kwanza kutoka Ufilipino na [[Asia ya Kusini-Mashariki]] kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2012]], [[Yu Wenxia]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufilipino]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufilipino]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Ufilipino]] ptd6f6n84f2sizev79ly2xvttiipke7 1544131 1544130 2026-05-16T07:37:50Z Ally0111 85292 1544131 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Megan Lynne Talde Young-Daez''' (jina la kuzaliwa Young; alizaliwa [[Februari 27]], [[1990]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Ufilipino]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2013]]. Yeye ndiye mwakilishi wa kwanza kutoka Ufilipino na [[Asia ya Kusini-Mashariki]] kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2012]], [[Yu Wenxia]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mandap |first1=Anthony |title=Dual citizenship: all 'pros' and no 'cons' |url=https://philtimes.com.au/dual-citizenship-all-pros-and-no-cons/ |access-date=February 27, 2026 |work=The Philippine Times |date=September 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260227054953/https://philtimes.com.au/dual-citizenship-all-pros-and-no-cons/ |archive-date=February 27, 2026 |quote=Fil-foreigner beauty queens, such as [[Catriona Gray]], [[Pia Wurtzbach]], [[Venus Raj]] or Megan Young, got their tickets to participate in beauty pageants and represent the Philippines also through dual citizenship. |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=WINNERS: Miss World Philippines 2013|url=https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/36696-winners-miss-world-ph-2013/|access-date=July 10, 2021|website=Rappler|date=August 18, 2013 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufilipino]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufilipino]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Ufilipino]] nmjoqczr68u8ib1ro88shujujl62gp1 1544233 1544131 2026-05-16T09:37:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544233 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Megan Lynne Talde Young-Daez''' (jina la kuzaliwa Young; alizaliwa [[Februari 27]], [[1990]]) ni [[mwigizaji]], [[mwanamitindo]], na mrembo wa [[Ufilipino]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2013]]. Yeye ndiye mwakilishi wa kwanza kutoka Ufilipino na [[Asia ya Kusini-Mashariki]] kushinda Miss World. Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2012]], [[Yu Wenxia]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mandap |first1=Anthony |title=Dual citizenship: all 'pros' and no 'cons' |url=https://philtimes.com.au/dual-citizenship-all-pros-and-no-cons/ |access-date=February 27, 2026 |work=The Philippine Times |date=September 24, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260227054953/https://philtimes.com.au/dual-citizenship-all-pros-and-no-cons/ |archive-date=February 27, 2026 |quote=Fil-foreigner beauty queens, such as [[Catriona Gray]], [[Pia Wurtzbach]], [[Venus Raj]] or Megan Young, got their tickets to participate in beauty pageants and represent the Philippines also through dual citizenship. |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=WINNERS: Miss World Philippines 2013|url=https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/36696-winners-miss-world-ph-2013/|access-date=July 10, 2021|website=Rappler|date=August 18, 2013 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ufilipino]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ufilipino]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Ufilipino]] 8plh93q9rtalh5fl573r7rr6x78rom8 Janaína Riva 0 235590 1544132 2026-05-16T07:39:13Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Janaína Greyce Riva Fagundes''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Janaina Riva''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1989), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Mato Grosso|Bunge la Jimbo la Mato Grosso]] tangu mwaka 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.al.mt.gov.br/parlamento/deputados/28/perfil|title=Dep. Janaina Riva|publisher=Legislative Assembly...' 1544132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janaína Greyce Riva Fagundes''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Janaina Riva''' (alizaliwa 27 Januari 1989), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika [[Legislative Assembly of Mato Grosso|Bunge la Jimbo la Mato Grosso]] tangu mwaka 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.al.mt.gov.br/parlamento/deputados/28/perfil|title=Dep. Janaina Riva|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Mato Grosso|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.mt.gov.br/parlamento/deputados/28/perfil Wasifu rasmi katika Bunge la Jimbo la Mato Grosso] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1989||Riva, Janaina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3fow9j0ddj1hvjevi6swpjaq56u3giw Jack Rocha 0 235591 1544133 2026-05-16T07:43:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jackeline Oliveira Rocha''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Jack Rocha''' (alizaliwa 26 Agosti 1983), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Espírito Santo]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220527/biografia|title=Jack Rocha – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language...' 1544133 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jackeline Oliveira Rocha''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Jack Rocha''' (alizaliwa 26 Agosti 1983), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Espírito Santo]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220527/biografia|title=Jack Rocha – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220527 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Rocha, Jack}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Janii:Watu kutoka Espírito Santo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5jh6r0xku3ntpqzod6ptnmvvljkpet3 John Brodie (footballer, born 1862) 0 235592 1544138 2026-05-16T07:47:37Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[John Brodie (footballer, born 1862)]] hadi [[John Brodie (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544138 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[John Brodie (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]] 4t98i4236ysfapo5j4tl7dlls0f0r48 Marina Rocha 0 235593 1544140 2026-05-16T07:49:12Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marina Pereira da Rocha Fernandez''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Marina Rocha''' (alizaliwa 27 Aprili 1989), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] awali alikuwa mwanachama wa PMB. Anafanya kazi kama Meya wa jiji la [[Guapimirim]], jimbo la Rio de Janeiro, tangu mwaka 2021, ambapo kwa sasa anatekeleza muhula wake wa pili mfululizo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://odia.ig.com.br/guapimirim/2025/01/6978596-prefeita-marina-ro...' 1544140 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marina Pereira da Rocha Fernandez''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Marina Rocha''' (alizaliwa 27 Aprili 1989), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] awali alikuwa mwanachama wa PMB. Anafanya kazi kama Meya wa jiji la [[Guapimirim]], jimbo la Rio de Janeiro, tangu mwaka 2021, ambapo kwa sasa anatekeleza muhula wake wa pili mfululizo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://odia.ig.com.br/guapimirim/2025/01/6978596-prefeita-marina-rocha-e-empossada-para-segundo-mandato-em-guapimirim.html|title=Prefeita Marina Rocha é empossada para segundo mandato em Guapimirim|work=O Dia|date=1 Januari 2025|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alerj.rj.gov.br/Deputados/PerfilDeputado/437 Wasifu wa zamani katika Bunge la Jimbo la Rio de Janeiro] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1989||Rocha, Marina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 49cipovm4pzoabak96pl6lwfbb9r5dp Roberta Roma 0 235594 1544143 2026-05-16T07:53:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Roberta de Araújo Costa Roma''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Roberta Roma''' (alizaliwa 11 Mei 1980), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] PL. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Bahia]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220693/biografia|title=Roberta Roma – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref>...' 1544143 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roberta de Araújo Costa Roma''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Roberta Roma''' (alizaliwa 11 Mei 1980), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] PL. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Bahia]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220693/biografia|title=Roberta Roma – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220693 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Roma, Roberta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sak663oveyoqyv4jaq9d2tr4teidqd3 Sid Bishop (footballer, born 1900) 0 235595 1544148 2026-05-16T08:00:07Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Sid Bishop (footballer, born 1900)]] hadi [[Sid Bishop (mchezaji mpira aliyezaliwa 1900)]] 1544148 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Sid Bishop (mchezaji mpira aliyezaliwa 1900)]] ady71yg7vq8k4u6t030b3xjcdjclcff Fred Blackburn (footballer) 0 235596 1544150 2026-05-16T08:00:39Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Fred Blackburn (footballer)]] hadi [[Fred Blackburn (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544150 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Fred Blackburn (mwanasoka)]] 6kkk5m6ekgo7jrlwg06w8huhmf4wdc6 George Blackburn (footballer, born 1899) 0 235597 1544153 2026-05-16T08:01:43Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[George Blackburn (footballer, born 1899)]] hadi [[George Blackburn (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1899)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544153 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[George Blackburn (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1899)]] qpdjh7onpaau524kl4z2ohpfhtqbypz Vanessa Ponce 0 235598 1544154 2026-05-16T08:01:58Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Silvia Vanessa Ponce de León Sánchez''' (anayejulikana kama ''Vanessa Ponce''; alizaliwa [[Machi 7]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Meksiko]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2018]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa Meksiko wa kwanza kutwaa taji la Miss World. Katika historia ya shindano la Miss World, anashikilia rekodi ya kuwa mshindi mzee zaidi kufikia sasa. Alitawazwa tarehe [[8 Desemba]] 2018 huko Sanya,[[ Uchina]] na mtangulizi wake Mi...' 1544154 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvia Vanessa Ponce de León Sánchez''' (anayejulikana kama ''Vanessa Ponce''; alizaliwa [[Machi 7]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Meksiko]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2018]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa Meksiko wa kwanza kutwaa taji la Miss World. Katika historia ya shindano la Miss World, anashikilia rekodi ya kuwa mshindi mzee zaidi kufikia sasa. Alitawazwa tarehe [[8 Desemba]] 2018 huko Sanya,[[ Uchina]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2017]], [[Manushi Chhillar]] wa [[Uhindi]]. Alikuwa na umri wa miaka 26 na siku 276 wakati wa ushindi wake, akivunja rekodi ya awali ya Miss World [[1989]], [[Aneta Kręglicka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marca.com/claro-mx/trending/2018/12/08/5c0bfb8c46163f3abe8b45ef.html|title=Vanessa Ponce, primera mexicana que gana Miss Mundo|date=December 8, 2018|website=MARCA Claro México}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/lifestyle/celebrity/story/who-is-miss-world-2018-vanessa-ponce-de-leon-1405303-2018-12-08|title=Who is Miss World 2018 Vanessa Ponce De Leon?|date=8 December 2018|publisher=India Today|via=indiatoday.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/218523-vanessa-de-leon-mexico-2018-winner/|title=Mexico's Vanessa Ponce De León is Miss World 2018|website=www.rappler.com|access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jz8dbaax04zrlic6tz705z4ktaq7cpx 1544294 1544154 2026-05-16T11:48:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544294 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Silvia Vanessa Ponce de León Sánchez''' (anayejulikana kama ''Vanessa Ponce''; alizaliwa [[Machi 7]], [[1992]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Meksiko]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2018]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa Meksiko wa kwanza kutwaa taji la Miss World. Katika historia ya shindano la Miss World, anashikilia rekodi ya kuwa mshindi mzee zaidi kufikia sasa. Alitawazwa tarehe [[8 Desemba]] 2018 huko Sanya,[[ Uchina]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2017]], [[Manushi Chhillar]] wa [[Uhindi]]. Alikuwa na umri wa miaka 26 na siku 276 wakati wa ushindi wake, akivunja rekodi ya awali ya Miss World [[1989]], [[Aneta Kręglicka]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.marca.com/claro-mx/trending/2018/12/08/5c0bfb8c46163f3abe8b45ef.html|title=Vanessa Ponce, primera mexicana que gana Miss Mundo|date=December 8, 2018|website=MARCA Claro México}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/lifestyle/celebrity/story/who-is-miss-world-2018-vanessa-ponce-de-leon-1405303-2018-12-08|title=Who is Miss World 2018 Vanessa Ponce De Leon?|date=8 December 2018|publisher=India Today|via=indiatoday.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/218523-vanessa-de-leon-mexico-2018-winner/|title=Mexico's Vanessa Ponce De León is Miss World 2018|website=www.rappler.com|access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Meksiko]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b926mlgo5p0sihvrjqabuq0x690uqw9 Márcia Lopes (politician) 0 235599 1544157 2026-05-16T08:02:33Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Márcia Lopes (politician)]] hadi [[Márcia Lopes (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544157 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Márcia Lopes (mwanasiasa)]] ji92n6mlrlxngldqinijwgjf3pys4u7 Frank Booth (English footballer) 0 235600 1544159 2026-05-16T08:03:13Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Frank Booth (English footballer)]] hadi [[Frank Booth (Tabby)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1544159 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Frank Booth (Tabby)]] cdsohb2y7jh64wnuljj2oy4y1xi9e2n Jimmy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862) 0 235601 1544161 2026-05-16T08:03:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''James Brown''' (31 Julai 1862 – 4 Julai 1922<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England) players: Jimmy Brown |publisher=England Football Online|access-date=22 Septemba 2018|date=22 Mei 2011}}</ref>) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) wa enzi ya Victorian era. == Mareje...' 1544161 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Brown''' (31 Julai 1862 – 4 Julai 1922<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England) players: Jimmy Brown |publisher=England Football Online|access-date=22 Septemba 2018|date=22 Mei 2011}}</ref>) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) wa enzi ya Victorian era. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1922}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 1jilwobma0usrlsiec5mwikl1osia22 1544196 1544161 2026-05-16T08:16:50Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Jimmy Brown (footballer, born 1862)]] hadi [[Jimmy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544161 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Brown''' (31 Julai 1862 – 4 Julai 1922<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England) players: Jimmy Brown |publisher=England Football Online|access-date=22 Septemba 2018|date=22 Mei 2011}}</ref>) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) wa enzi ya Victorian era. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1862|1922}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 1jilwobma0usrlsiec5mwikl1osia22 1544198 1544196 2026-05-16T08:17:51Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1544198 wikitext text/x-wiki '''James Brown''' (31 Julai 1862 – 4 Julai 1922<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England](http://www.englandfootballonline.com/TeamPlyrsBios/PlayersB/BioBrownJ.html|title=England) players: Jimmy Brown |publisher=England Football Online|access-date=22 Septemba 2018|date=22 Mei 2011}}</ref>) alikuwa mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] wa enzi ya [[Viktoria wa Uingereza]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1862|1922}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] qkteu4wx4mnwo3vvo9sly0amnvta79k Débora Menezes (politician) 0 235602 1544163 2026-05-16T08:04:21Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Débora Menezes (politician)]] hadi [[Débora Menezes (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544163 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Débora Menezes (mwanasiasa)]] 70rboxt3mboj3fxb4k4wxtaf5vbe6q3 Giselle Monteiro (politician) 0 235603 1544166 2026-05-16T08:05:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Giselle Monteiro (politician)]] hadi [[Giselle Monteiro (mwanasiasa)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544166 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Giselle Monteiro (mwanasiasa)]] tel7oag25msqrvs49edqs7jo4ykd6j9 Tommy Boyle (footballer, born 1886) 0 235604 1544170 2026-05-16T08:07:25Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Tommy Boyle (footballer, born 1886)]] hadi [[Tommy Boyle (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1886)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544170 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Tommy Boyle (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1886)]] b4tsrgq12izyeib2nl2apbrtzoqzxpz Warren Bradley (footballer) 0 235605 1544173 2026-05-16T08:08:24Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Warren Bradley (footballer)]] hadi [[Warren Bradley (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544173 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Warren Bradley (mwanasoka)]] cb26nslcbzxcmy92y1kmmtw2xhqxp9c Billy Bradshaw (footballer) 0 235606 1544176 2026-05-16T08:09:10Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Billy Bradshaw (footballer)]] hadi [[Billy Bradshaw (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544176 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Billy Bradshaw (mwanasoka)]] lrlrq5mov6knr9jlyrd6vuy06v5jlyh Peter Broadbent (footballer) 0 235607 1544179 2026-05-16T08:10:08Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Peter Broadbent (footballer)]] hadi [[Peter Broadbent (mwanasoka)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544179 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Peter Broadbent (mwanasoka)]] iwjfqrs7t2s64a8lix8d7h4nqmwsaoy Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1885) 0 235608 1544183 2026-05-16T08:11:59Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1885)]] hadi [[Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1885)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544183 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1885)]] efl4mpn7gy3fdqk9jjx0rsmzlxa2991 Toni-Ann Singh 0 235609 1544184 2026-05-16T08:12:19Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Toni-Ann Singh''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 1]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Jamaika]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2019]]. Yeye pia ndiye mshindi aliyekaa kwenye kiti kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya shindano hilo. Alitawazwa tarehe [[14 Desemba]] 2019 huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2018]], [[Vanessa Ponce]] wa Meksiko.Singh ni mwanamke wa Jamaika wa nne kushika taji hilo, baada y...' 1544184 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Toni-Ann Singh''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 1]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Jamaika]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2019]]. Yeye pia ndiye mshindi aliyekaa kwenye kiti kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya shindano hilo. Alitawazwa tarehe [[14 Desemba]] 2019 huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2018]], [[Vanessa Ponce]] wa Meksiko.Singh ni mwanamke wa Jamaika wa nne kushika taji hilo, baada ya [[Lisa Hanna]] ([[1993]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/photos/who-is-miss-world-2019-toni-ann-singh-1.1576398972301|title=Who is Miss World 2019 Toni-Ann Singh?|last=Tusing |first=David|date=15 December 2019|website=Gulf News|access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://heavy.com/entertainment/2019/12/toni-ann-singh-miss-world-2019/|title=Toni-Ann Singh, Miss World 2019: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|date=14 December 2019|publisher=Heavy|access-date=14 December 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Jamaika]] mca8qtqimve9h412hu30oj0o4el52do 1544291 1544184 2026-05-16T11:35:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544291 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Toni-Ann Singh''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 1]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Jamaika]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2019]]. Yeye pia ndiye mshindi aliyekaa kwenye kiti kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya shindano hilo. Alitawazwa tarehe [[14 Desemba]] 2019 huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2018]], [[Vanessa Ponce]] wa Meksiko.Singh ni mwanamke wa Jamaika wa nne kushika taji hilo, baada ya [[Lisa Hanna]] ([[1993]]).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://gulfnews.com/photos/who-is-miss-world-2019-toni-ann-singh-1.1576398972301|title=Who is Miss World 2019 Toni-Ann Singh?|last=Tusing |first=David|date=15 December 2019|website=Gulf News|access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://heavy.com/entertainment/2019/12/toni-ann-singh-miss-world-2019/|title=Toni-Ann Singh, Miss World 2019: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|date=14 December 2019|publisher=Heavy|access-date=14 December 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Jamaika]] 9cf0ensfl9j13d1nk67hu6uypjsuy53 Billy Brown (footballer, born 1900) 0 235610 1544187 2026-05-16T08:13:12Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Billy Brown (footballer, born 1900)]] hadi [[Billy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1900)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544187 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Billy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1900)]] rpfegynl4yn45p9g6fbbvu9hthyhhdk Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1858) 0 235611 1544190 2026-05-16T08:14:07Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1858)]] hadi [[Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1858)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544190 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Arthur Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1858)]] 269qozr9f2lyi7gxa2cha0wuaxlylr7 George Brown (footballer, born 1903) 0 235612 1544194 2026-05-16T08:15:18Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[George Brown (footballer, born 1903)]] hadi [[George Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1903)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544194 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[George Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1903)]] edut8lrgpeyju0a4qkmy1ag1wbgpiz2 Jimmy Brown (footballer, born 1862) 0 235613 1544197 2026-05-16T08:16:51Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Jimmy Brown (footballer, born 1862)]] hadi [[Jimmy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]]: jina la Kiswahili 1544197 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Jimmy Brown (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1862)]] 8ac0gfkpxh6katpbtsl66g5gzel6u07 Karolina Bielawska 0 235614 1544200 2026-05-16T08:19:01Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Karolina Bielawska''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 11]], [[1999]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Polandi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2021]]. Alitawazwa tarehe [[16 Machi]] [[2022]] katika Ukumbi wa Muziki wa Coca-Cola huko [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2019]], [[Toni-Ann Singh]] wa Jamaika.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://p.lodz.pl/uczelnia/aktualnosci/miss-world-2021-zostala-studentka-pl|title=Miss World 2021 została...' 1544200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karolina Bielawska''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 11]], [[1999]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Polandi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2021]]. Alitawazwa tarehe [[16 Machi]] [[2022]] katika Ukumbi wa Muziki wa Coca-Cola huko [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2019]], [[Toni-Ann Singh]] wa Jamaika.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://p.lodz.pl/uczelnia/aktualnosci/miss-world-2021-zostala-studentka-pl|title=Miss World 2021 została studentka PŁ|publisher=Politechnika Łódzka|language=pl|date=17 March 2022|access-date=21 March 2022|archive-date=14 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214013638/https://p.lodz.pl/uczelnia/aktualnosci/miss-world-2021-zostala-studentka-pl|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/poland-karolina-bielawska-winner-miss-world-2021/|language=en|publisher=Rappler|title=Poland's Karolina Bielawska is Miss World 2021|date=17 March 2022|access-date=17 March 2022|archive-date=17 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317035429/https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/poland-karolina-bielawska-winner-miss-world-2021/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Polandi]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Polandi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ms6mj6h9offf3ktbv8bc1o5ocf3usej 1544216 1544200 2026-05-16T08:38:43Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1544216 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Karolina Bielawska''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 11]], [[1999]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mrembo wa [[Polandi]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2021]]. Alitawazwa tarehe [[16 Machi]] [[2022]] katika Ukumbi wa Muziki wa Coca-Cola huko [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2019]], [[Toni-Ann Singh]] wa Jamaika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://p.lodz.pl/uczelnia/aktualnosci/miss-world-2021-zostala-studentka-pl|title=Miss World 2021 została studentka PŁ|publisher=Politechnika Łódzka|language=pl|date=17 March 2022|access-date=21 March 2022|archive-date=14 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214013638/https://p.lodz.pl/uczelnia/aktualnosci/miss-world-2021-zostala-studentka-pl|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/poland-karolina-bielawska-winner-miss-world-2021/|language=en|publisher=Rappler|title=Poland's Karolina Bielawska is Miss World 2021|date=17 March 2022|access-date=17 March 2022|archive-date=17 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317035429/https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/poland-karolina-bielawska-winner-miss-world-2021/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Polandi]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Polandi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f289ednp0ze653gsg0rsayzojieg1am Jade Romero 0 235615 1544201 2026-05-16T08:20:46Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jade Afonso Romero''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Jade Romero''' (alizaliwa 12 Julai 1985), ni mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa umma, mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Makamu wa Gavana (vice governor) na Katibu wa Ulinzi wa Jamii (Secretary of Social Protection) wa jimbo la [[Ceará]] tangu mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.ceara.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya...' 1544201 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jade Afonso Romero''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Jade Romero''' (alizaliwa 12 Julai 1985), ni mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa umma, mhadhiri, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Makamu wa Gavana (vice governor) na Katibu wa Ulinzi wa Jamii (Secretary of Social Protection) wa jimbo la [[Ceará]] tangu mwaka 2023. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.ceara.gov.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Serikali ya Jimbo la Ceará] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985||Romero, Jade}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bv2v96eq10x0t75itrsu88heo2v2aic Amal Clooney 0 235616 1544202 2026-05-16T08:20:45Z Muddyb 379 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox person | jina = Amal Clooney | picha = Amal Clooney 2022 (cropped).jpg | maelezo = Clooney mnamo mwaka 2022 | jina la asili = | lugha ya asili = ar | jina la kuzaliwa = Amal Alamuddin | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1978|2|3|df=yes}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Beirut]], Lebanon | uraia = [[Uingereza]], [[Lebanon]], [[Ufaransa]] | chuo kikuu = [[Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford]...' 1544202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | jina = Amal Clooney | picha = Amal Clooney 2022 (cropped).jpg | maelezo = Clooney mnamo mwaka 2022 | jina la asili = | lugha ya asili = ar | jina la kuzaliwa = Amal Alamuddin | tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1978|2|3|df=yes}} | mahali pa kuzaliwa = [[Beirut]], Lebanon | uraia = [[Uingereza]], [[Lebanon]], [[Ufaransa]] | chuo kikuu = [[Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Chuo Kikuu cha New York]] ([[Master of Laws|LLM]]) | kazi = [[Wakili]] | miaka ya kazi = 2000–hadi sasa | mwenza = {{marriage|[[George Clooney]]|27 Septemba 2014}} | watoto = 2 }} '''Amal Clooney''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Alamuddin'''; alizaliwa {{birth date|1978|2|3|df=yes}})<ref name="People-40thBday-2018">{{cite news|last1=Russian|first1=Ale|title=Amal's Big 40! George Clooney Celebrates Wife's Birthday on 24-Hour Getaway|url=http://people.com/movies/amals-big-40-george-clooney-celebrates-wifes-birthday-on-24-hour-getaway/|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=5 February 2018|archive-date=16 June 2023|access-date=5 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616094642/https://people.com/movies/amals-big-40-george-clooney-celebrates-wifes-birthday-on-24-hour-getaway/|url-status=live}}</ref> ni mwanasheria wa kimataifa wa haki za binadamu mwenye asili ya [[Lebanoni|Lebanon]] na [[Uingereza]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Amal Clooney Speaks About the Lebanese Protests |url=https://www.mtv.com.lb/en/news/local/986307/amal-clooney-speaks-about-the-lebanese-protests |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=MTV Lebanon |language=en |quote=Amal Alamuddin Clooney, a Lebanese-British barrister and wife of famous actor Georges Clooney, expressed on Tuesday her love for Lebanon and her happiness with the Lebanese people standing in the face of the ruling regime.}}</ref><ref name="VanityFair">{{cite magazine|title=George Clooney Finally Meets His Match With Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/03/amal-clooney-international-human-rights-lawyer-job-explained|magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|date=29 March 2017|access-date=20 September 2019|archive-date=28 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928070356/https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/03/amal-clooney-international-human-rights-lawyer-job-explained|url-status=live}}</ref> Amewahi kuwawakilisha wateja mbalimbali mashuhuri, wakiwemo rais wa zamani wa [[Maldivi]] [[Mohamed Nasheed]],<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk">{{Cite web|title=Amal Clooney|url=https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/amal-clooney|access-date=28 October 2021|website=[[Doughty Street Chambers]]|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028093353/https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/amal-clooney|url-status=live}}</ref> mwanzilishi wa [[WikiLeaks]] [[Julian Assange]],<ref name="ABCNews-5Things-2014">{{cite news|work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/things-george-clooneys-lady-friend-amal-alamuddin/story?id=22960268|last=Rothman|first=Michael|title=5 Things About Amal Alamuddin|date=19 March 2014|archive-date=29 April 2014|access-date=6 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429144203/http://www.abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/things-george-clooneys-lady-friend-amal-alamuddin/story?id=22960268|url-status=live}}</ref> waziri mkuu wa zamani wa Ukraine [[Yulia Tymoshenko]],<ref name="Independent-Engagement-2014">{{cite news|first1=Ian|last1=Johnston|title=George Clooney Engaged To Amal Alamuddin: Actor To Marry British Human Rights Lawyer Who Has Represented Julian Assange|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/george-clooney-to-marry-his-british-lawyer-girlfriend-amal-alamuddin-9294602.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140428045512/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/george-clooney-to-marry-his-british-lawyer-girlfriend-amal-alamuddin-9294602.html |archive-date=28 April 2014 |url-status=live|work=[[The Independent]]|date=27 April 2014}}</ref> mwanaharakati wa haki za binadamu wa Yazidi [[Nadia Murad]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://en.vogue.me/culture/lifestyle-and-travel/nadia-murad-amal-clooney-nobel-peace-prize/|title=Nadia Murad is Joined by Amal Clooney as She Accepts Nobel Peace Prize|magazine=[[Vogue Arabia]]|last=Day|first=Emma|date=11 December 2018}}</ref> mwandishi wa habari Mfilipino-Mmarekani [[Maria Ressa]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Clooney|first=Amal|title=Amal Clooney: A test for democracy in the Philippines|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/06/12/amal-clooney-test-democracy-philippines/|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=June 12, 2020|access-date=December 26, 2020}}</ref> mwandishi wa habari wa Azerbaijan [[Khadija Ismayilova]],<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-05-25 |title=Azerbaijan court frees journalist backed by Amal Clooney |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36379828 |access-date=2024-01-16 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=17 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217055427/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36379828 |url-status=live }}</ref> na mwandishi wa habari wa Misri-Canada [[Mohamed Fahmy (mwandishi)|Mohamed Fahmy]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/06/amal-clooney-egypt-journalist-mohamed-fahmy|title=Amal Clooney calls on Egypt to release journalist Mohamed Fahmy|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|last=Kingsley|first=Patrick|date=6 November 2014|access-date=20 September 2019|archive-date=25 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625053743/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/06/amal-clooney-egypt-journalist-mohamed-fahmy|url-status=live}}</ref> Clooney ni profesa wa sheria ya kimataifa katika Shule ya Serikali ya Blavatnik ([[Blavatnik School of Government]]) katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford]]<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06 |title=Amal Clooney appointed Visiting Professor of Practice at Blavatnik School of Government {{!}} University of Oxford |url=https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2025-02-06-amal-clooney-appointed-visiting-professor-practice-blavatnik-school-government-0 |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=www.ox.ac.uk |language=en}}</ref> na mshirika mwandamizi katika Taasisi ya Teknolojia na Haki ya Oxford (Oxford Institute of Technology and Justice), taasisi aliyoanzisha kwa ushirikiano ili kutumia nguvu ya akili mnemba (AI) katika kuongeza fursa za upatikanaji wa haki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=People |url=https://www.techandjustice.bsg.ox.ac.uk/people |access-date=2025-10-27 |website=www.techandjustice.bsg.ox.ac.uk |language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Amal Alamuddin alizaliwa huko [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]], mnamo tarehe 3 Februari 1978.<ref name="ManVs.Society-Amal-Meaning-2014">{{cite book|last1=Rosenthal|first1=Franz|editor1-last=Gutas|editor1-first=Dimitri|title=Man Versus Society in Medieval Islam|date=2014|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden; Boston|isbn=978-9-004-27089-3|page=613|oclc=892338528}}</ref> Baba yake ni wa asili ya [[Wadruze wa Lebanon]] na mama yake ni Mwislamu wa dhehebu la [[Waislamu wa Sunni nchini Lebanon|Sunni]] kutoka [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Tripoli]].<ref> [https://www.arabamerica.com/pathbreakers-of-arab-america-amal-alamuddin-clooney/ Pathbreakers of Arab America—Amal Alamuddin Clooney]</ref> Alipokuwa na umri wa miaka miwili, familia yake ilihamia nchini [[Uingereza]] ili kukimbia Vita vya Wenyewe kwa Wenyewe vya Lebanon, na walikaa huko [[Gerrards Cross]] katika jimbo la [[Buckinghamshire]].<ref name=Telegraph-Engagement-2014>{{cite news|last1=Flanagan|first1=Padraic|title=George Clooney Engaged to High-Flying British Lawyer|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10793797/George-Clooney-engaged-to-high-flying-British-lawyer.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10793797/George-Clooney-engaged-to-high-flying-British-lawyer.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=28 April 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Ana ndugu watatu: dada mmoja (Tala Alamuddin) na kaka wawili wa kambo waliozaliwa kwenye ndoa ya kwanza ya baba yake.<ref name="NOW-LebanonPride-2014">{{cite news|agency=AFP|title=Lebanon in frenzy over Clooney-Alamuddin engagement|url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/lebanonnews/545482-lebanon-in-frenzy-over-clooney-alamuddin-engagement|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013112657/https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/lebanonnews/545482-lebanon-in-frenzy-over-clooney-alamuddin-engagement|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 October 2014|access-date=28 September 2014|website=[[NOW News]]|date=1 May 2014}}</ref>. Clooney alisoma katika Shule ya Sekondari ya Dr Challoner ([[Dr Challoner's High School]]), shule ya wasichana ya mchepuo wa sarufi iliyopo [[Little Chalfont]], Buckinghamshire. Baadaye alisoma katika Chuo cha St Hugh cha Oxford ([[St Hugh's College, Oxford]]), ambapo alitunukiwa ufadhili wa masomo na Tuzo ya Shrigley.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Savino |first1=Christine |title=Amal Clooney recognised in British Vogue’s 25 Most Influential Women |url=https://www.oxfordstudent.com/2025/07/11/amal-clooney-recognised-in-british-vogues-25-most-influential-women/ |access-date=14 February 2026 |publisher=The Oxford Student |date=11 July 2025}}</ref><ref name=OxfordGazette>{{cite news|newspaper=[[Oxford University Gazette]]|date=23 October 1997|title=Colleges, Halls, and Societies: Notices&nbsp;– St Hugh's College|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/1997-8/weekly/231097/coll.htm|access-date=6 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718195832/http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/1997-8/weekly/231097/coll.htm|archive-date=18 July 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Forbes-Engaged-2014">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/gregorymcneal/2014/04/27/international-lawyer-and-scholar-amal-alamuddin-engaged-to-george-clooney/|title=International Lawyer And Scholar Amal Alamuddin Engaged To George Clooney|work=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]|date=27 April 2014|first=Gregory S.|last=McNeal|access-date=15 September 2014|archive-date=29 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929184629/https://www.forbes.com/sites/gregorymcneal/2014/04/27/international-lawyer-and-scholar-amal-alamuddin-engaged-to-george-clooney/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2000, alihitimu shahada ya kwanza ya sheria yenye hadhi ya daraja la pili la juu na kwa sasa ni mwanachama wa heshima wa chuo hicho cha St Hugh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile - Amal Alamuddin - BBC Sounds |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b042cq8p |access-date=2025-12-24 |website=BBC |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Amal Clooney |url=https://www.st-hughs.ox.ac.uk/people/amal-clooney/ |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=St Hugh's College |language=en-GB |archive-date=27 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027032226/https://www.st-hughs.ox.ac.uk/people/amal-clooney/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Baada ya hapo, alijiunga na Shule ya Sheria ya Chuo Kikuu cha New York ([[New York University School of Law]]) kwa ajili ya masomo ya Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sheria ([[Master of Laws|LLM]]). Alipata Tuzo ya Ukumbusho ya Jack J. Katz kwa umahiri wake katika sheria ya burudani.<ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014">{{cite web|title=Amal Alamuddin|work=[[Doughty Street Chambers]]|url=http://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/profile-pdf/amal-clooney/185|access-date=14 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150731002805/http://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/profile-pdf/amal-clooney/185|archive-date=31 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="IBT-6FastFacts-2014">{{cite web|last=Schumann|first=Rebecka|title=George Clooney Girlfriend Revealed: Who Is Amal Alamuddin? 6 Fast Facts About The Actor's New Love|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/george-clooney-girlfriend-revealed-who-amal-alamuddin-6-fast-facts-about-actors-new-love-photos|newspaper=[[International Business Times]]|date=29 October 2013|access-date=6 May 2014|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703170918/http://www.ibtimes.com/george-clooney-girlfriend-revealed-who-amal-alamuddin-6-fast-facts-about-actors-new-love-photos|url-status=live}}</ref> Alipokuwa chuoni hapo, alifanya kazi kwa muhula mmoja katika ofisi ya mwanasheria na jaji wa Marekani [[Sonia Sotomayor]], ambaye wakati huo alikuwa jaji wa Mahakama ya Rufani ya Marekani kwa Mzunguko wa Pili na mmoja wa wakufunzi wa sheria wa NYU.<ref name="Slate-Engaged-2014">{{cite news|last1=Mathis-Lilley|first1=Ben|title=London Human Rights Lawyer Amal Alamuddin Is Engaged|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_slatest/2014/04/28/amal_alamuddin_london_lawyer_to_wed_actor.html|access-date=28 September 2014|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|date=28 April 2014|archive-date=26 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126092427/http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_slatest/2014/04/28/amal_alamuddin_london_lawyer_to_wed_actor.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Kazi ya sheria == [[File:Chrystia Freeland and Amal Clooney at the Global Conference for Media Freedom - 2019 (48264889267) (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Clooney (kulia) akiwa na waziri wa mambo ya nje wa Canada [[Chrystia Freeland]] kwenye Mkutano wa Kimataifa wa Uhuru wa Vyombo vya Habari huko London, 2019]] Clooney ana sifa na vibali vya kufanya kazi ya sheria katika jimbo la [[New York (jimbo)|New York]] pamoja na nchi za Uingereza na Wales. Alisajiliwa katika Chama cha Mawakili cha New York mnamo mwaka 2002.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk" /> Mnamo mwaka 2010, alitambuliwa rasmi kama wakili nchini Uingereza na Wales kupitia taasisi ya [[Inner Temple]]. Ni wakili anayefanya kazi katika chemba za [[Doughty Street Chambers]].<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/><ref name=NYUmag>{{Cite magazine |first=Atticus |last=Gannaway |date=September 10, 2024 |title=Barrister Without Borders |magazine=NYU Law magazine |url=https://www.law.nyu.edu/news/magazine-2024-amal-clooney-international-human-rights}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=BSB|title=Barrister Details – Mrs Amal Clooney|url=https://www.barstandardsboard.org.uk/barristers-register/BD7FF6F657B19042634B9F49F1B8B67C.html |access-date=28 October 2021|website=www.barstandardsboard.org.uk|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028121114/https://www.barstandardsboard.org.uk/barristers-register/BD7FF6F657B19042634B9F49F1B8B67C.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Pia amewahi kufanya uwakili katika [[Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Haki]] (ICJ) na [[Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Jinai]] (ICC) huko [[The Hague]].<ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014"/> Alifanya kazi katika kampuni ya sheria ya [[Sullivan & Cromwell]] jijini New York kwa miaka mitatu chini ya Kundi la Utetezi wa Jinai na Uchunguzi, ambapo baadhi ya wateja wake walikuwa makampuni ya [[Enron]] na [[Arthur Andersen]].<ref name="Forbes-Engaged-2014"/><ref name="DoughtyStreet-BioPDF-2014"/> Mnamo mwaka 2024, Clooney alitunukiwa tuzo ya mwanasheria bora wa mwaka ya Legal 500 kwa kutambua kazi na mchango wake mkubwa katika nyanja ya sheria za kimataifa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-26 |title=Nicholas Bowen KC, Laura Dubinsky KC and Amal Clooney win awards at The Legal 500 Bar Awards Ceremony 2024 {{!}} Doughty Street Chambers |url=https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/news/nicholas-bowen-kc-laura-dubinsky-kc-and-amal-clooney-win-awards-legal-500-bar-awards-ceremony |access-date=2024-11-11 |website=www.doughtystreet.co.uk |language=en |archive-date=11 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241111102537/https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/news/nicholas-bowen-kc-laura-dubinsky-kc-and-amal-clooney-win-awards-legal-500-bar-awards-ceremony |url-status=live }}</ref> Clooney alihitimu mafunzo ya ukatibu wa kisheria wa jaji katika Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Haki mnamo mwaka 2004, akifanya kazi chini ya majaji Vladlen S. Vereshchetin kutoka Urusi, [[Nabil Elaraby]] kutoka Misri,<ref name="IILJ-Clerkship-2004-2005">{{cite web|title=Clerkships&nbsp;– Prior and Present Clerks|url=http://www.iilj.org/oldbak/experience/Clerkships2.htm|website=Institute for International Law and Justice|publisher=[[New York University School of Law]]|access-date=28 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904095632/http://www.iilj.org/oldbak/experience/Clerkships2.htm|archive-date=4 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="People-5FastFacts-2014">{{cite web|last=Chi|first=Paul|title=George Clooney Engaged to Amal Alamuddin: 5 Fast Facts About Her|access-date=6 May 2014|url=https://people.com/celebrity/george-clooney-engaged-to-amal-alamuddin-5-fast-facts-about-her/|work=People|date=27 February 2014|archive-date=26 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426030406/http://people.com/celebrity/george-clooney-engaged-to-amal-alamuddin-5-fast-facts-about-her/|url-status=live}}</ref> na jaji wa dharura [[Franklin Berman]] kutoka Uingereza. Baadaye alihamia The Hague kufanya kazi katika Mahakama ya Kimataifa ya Jinai ya zamani ya Yugoslavia,<ref name="ExpandingJurisdiction-2010">{{cite journal|volume=8|issue=5|page=1219|journal=Journal of International Criminal Justice|title=Expanding Jurisdiction over War Crimes under Article 8 of the ICC Statute|doi=10.1093/jicj/mqq066|last1=Alamuddin |first1=A.|last2=Webb|first2=P.|year=2010}}</ref> ambapo alikuwa msaidizi wa kisheria wa jaji mkuu Patrick Robinson. Kesi hiyo ilikuwa inamkabili Slobodan Milosevic, rais wa zamani wa Jamhuri ya zamani ya Yugoslavia, aliyetuhumiwa kwa makosa ya jinai yaliyotendeka huko Kosovo, Croatia, na Bosnia wakati wa vita vya zamani vya Yugoslavia.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/> Clooney pia alifanya kazi kama mwendesha mashtaka katika Mahakama Maalum ya Lebanon. Aliongoza kesi dhidi ya wanachama watano wa kundi la Hezbollah, waliositakiwa kwa kuhusika na mauaji ya waziri mkuu wa zamani wa Lebanon Rafic Hariri na watu wengine mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Special Tribunal for Lebanon |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-special-tribunal-for-lebanon-9780199687459?cc=us&lang=en& |access-date=2024-05-21 |website=global.oup.com |archive-date=21 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521104143/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-special-tribunal-for-lebanon-9780199687459?cc=us&lang=en& |url-status=live }}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == [[File:Amal and George Clooney (2022).jpg|thumb|Clooney akiwa na mume wake [[George Clooney]] mnamo mwaka 2022.]] Clooney ana uraia wa nchi za Uingereza, Lebanon,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Orfanides |first=Effie |date=2025-05-01 |title=George Clooney Receives Major News Amid Concerns About His Wife |url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/articles/george-clooney-receives-major-news-132239235.html |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=Yahoo! |quote=Born in Lebanon, she holds duel citizenship in her birth country as well as Britain.}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Swoyer |first=Alex |date=2025-05-07 |title=Amal Clooney, wife of actor George Clooney, could be denied reentry to the U.S. over ICC warrants |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2025/may/7/amal-clooney-wife-actor-george-clooney-could-denied-reentry-us-icc/ |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=The Washington Times |language=en-US |quote=Ms. Clooney, a British Lebanese international human rights lawyer, has not become a U.S. citizen since marrying Mr. Clooney in 2014.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Miller|first=Mike|title=With American George and British Amal, What's Next for the Clooney Twins?|url=https://people.com/parents/george-clooney-american-amal-british-twins/|magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=7 June 2017|access-date=13 November 2022|archive-date=13 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113131917/https://people.com/parents/george-clooney-american-amal-british-twins/|url-status=live}}</ref> na Ufaransa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=George Clooney et sa family obtiennent la nationalité française par naturalisation |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/culture/article/2025/12/29/george-clooney-obtient-la-nationalite-francaise-par-naturalisation_6659755_3246.html |date=2025-12-29 |url-status=live |access-date=2025-12-29 |website=[[Le Monde]] |trans-title=George Clooney and his family obtain French nationality by naturalisation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251230154059/https://www.lemonde.fr/culture/article/2025/12/29/george-clooney-obtient-la-nationalite-francaise-par-naturalisation_6659755_3246.html |archive-date=2025-12-30 |language=fr}}</ref> Anazungumza kwa ufasaha lugha ya Kiingereza na Kifaransa, na pia ana uwezo wa kuzungumza Kiarabu cha Lebanon.<ref name="doughtystreet.co.uk"/><ref name=CNN-Engaged-2014>{{cite news|last1=Respers France|first1=Lisa|title=What we know about George Clooney's fiancée|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/04/28/showbiz/celebrity-news-gossip/george-clooney-engaged-amal-alamuddin/|work=[[CNN]]|date=28 April 2014|archive-date=13 May 2014|access-date=13 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513030537/http://www.cnn.com/2014/04/28/showbiz/celebrity-news-gossip/george-clooney-engaged-amal-alamuddin/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 28 Aprili 2014, alichumbiwa na mwigizaji wa Marekani [[George Clooney]],<ref name="StarTrb-Engaged-2014">{{cite news|url=http://www.startribune.com/entertainment/movies/257066241.html|title=George Clooney sheds most eligible bachelor status, gives up serial romance for engagement|last=Cohen|first=Sandy|agency=[[Associated Press]]|work=[[Star Tribune]]|date=28 April 2014|access-date=13 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429004958/http://www.startribune.com/entertainment/movies/257066241.html|archive-date=29 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> ambaye walikutana kwa mara ya kwanza kupitia rafiki yao wa pamoja mnamo Julai 2013.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a15947657/how-george-clooney-first-met-amal/|title=George Clooney First Met Amal in the Comfort of His Own Home|last=Gonzales|first=Erica|date=31 January 2018|magazine=Harper's Bazaar|access-date=4 July 2019|archive-date=4 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704083716/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a15947657/how-george-clooney-first-met-amal/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 7 Agosti 2014, wawili hao walipata leseni ya ndoa katika Manispaa ya Kifalme ya Kensington na Chelsea ([[Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea]]) jijini [[London]].<ref name=ABC-Licence-2014>{{cite news|last=Rothman|first=Michael|title=George Clooney and Fiancée Amal Alamuddin Get Marriage License|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/george-clooney-fiance-amal-alamuddin-marriage-license/story?id=24877642|work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|date=7 August 2014|archive-date=8 August 2014|access-date=27 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808021953/http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/george-clooney-fiance-amal-alamuddin-marriage-license/story?id=24877642|url-status=live}}</ref> Siku mbili baada ya sherehe yao kubwa ya harusi,<ref name="HReporter-WedLeaked-2014">{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Ariston|date=15 September 2014|title=George Clooney Wedding Details Leaked by Italian Media|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/george-clooney-wedding-details-leaked-732822|archive-date=25 September 2014|access-date=27 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925004406/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/george-clooney-wedding-details-leaked-732822|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Sky-Wedded-2014">{{cite news|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1343410/clooney-and-bride-appear-in-public-after-wedding|last1=Kington|first1=Tom|title=Clooney And Bride Appear in Public After Wedding|work=[[Sky News]]|date=27 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=27 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085408/http://news.sky.com/story/1343410/clooney-and-bride-appear-in-public-after-wedding|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="USAToday-Wedded-2014">{{cite news|last1=Oldenburg|first1=Ann|last2=Puente|first2=Maria|title=George Clooney, Amal Alamuddin marry in Venice|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2014/09/27/george-clooney-amal-alamuddin-wedding-married-italy/15829967/|work=[[USA Today]]|date=27 September 2014|archive-date=13 July 2017|access-date=24 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713114352/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2014/09/27/george-clooney-amal-alamuddin-wedding-married-italy/15829967/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CorrieredellaSera-WedLeak-2014">{{cite news|last1=Fornasier|first1=Claudia|title=George, sì davanti a Veltroni|url=http://corrieredelveneto.corriere.it/veneto/notizie/cronaca/2014/15-settembre-2014/george-si-a-veltroni-230136085285.shtml|work=[[Corriere della Sera]]|date=15 September 2014|archive-date=6 October 2014|access-date=27 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083618/http://corrieredelveneto.corriere.it/veneto/notizie/cronaca/2014/15-settembre-2014/george-si-a-veltroni-230136085285.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> walifunga ndoa rasmi mnamo tarehe 27 Septemba 2014 huko [[Ca' Farsetti]] katika jiji la [[Venice]];<ref name="Sky-Wedded-2014" /><ref name="People-Wed-2014">{{cite web |date=5 October 2014 |title=Inside George Clooney and Amal Alamuddin's Wedding |url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20858520,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003143521/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20858520,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 October 2014 |work=People}}</ref><ref name="CBS-Wed-2014">{{cite web |date=26 September 2014 |title=George Clooney and Amal Alamuddin's wedding |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/george-clooney-weds-amal-alamuddin/ |work=[[CBS News]] |access-date=13 January 2015 |archive-date=5 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205042254/http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/george-clooney-weds-amal-alamuddin/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Telegraph-WeddingEnds-2014">{{cite news |last1=Squires |first1=Nick |date=29 September 2014 |title=George Clooney's wedding to Amal Alamuddin finally ends |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/11128418/George-Clooneys-wedding-to-Amal-Alamuddin-finally-ends.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/11128418/George-Clooneys-wedding-to-Amal-Alamuddin-finally-ends.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> walifungishwa ndoa na rafiki wa karibu wa Clooney, [[Walter Veltroni]], mwanasiasa wa Italia aliyewahi kuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Italia kati ya mwaka 1996 na 1998 pamoja na kuwa [[Meya wa Roma]] kati ya mwaka 2001 na 2008.<ref name=CorrieredellaSera-WedLeak-2014/><ref name=Telegraph-exRomeMayor-2014>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/11097278/George-Clooney-to-be-married-by-ex-Rome-mayor.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/11097278/George-Clooney-to-be-married-by-ex-Rome-mayor.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=George Clooney 'to be married by ex-Rome mayor'|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=15 September 2014|first=Nick|last=Squires}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Mnamo Oktoba 2014, ilitangazwa kuwa familia hiyo ya Clooney ilikuwa imenunua jumba la Mill House lililopo kwenye kisiwa cha [[Mto Thames]] huko [[Sonning Eye]]<ref name=Telegraph-Sonning-2014>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/11154328/Welcome-to-Sonning-Mr-and-Mrs-Clooney.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/11154328/Welcome-to-Sonning-Mr-and-Mrs-Clooney.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Welcome to Sonning, Mr & Mrs Clooney|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|first=Patrick |last=Sawer|date=10 October 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref> kwa gharama ya takriban pauni milioni 10.<ref name=Telegraph-10MilHouse-2014>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/11152701/George-Clooney-snaps-up-10-million-manor-house-in-Sonning-Berkshire.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/11152701/George-Clooney-snaps-up-10-million-manor-house-in-Sonning-Berkshire.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=George Clooney snaps up £10 million manor house in Sonning, Berkshire|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|first=Patrick|last=Sawer|date=9 October 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Mnamo Februari 2017, kipindi cha televisheni cha Marekani cha ''[[The Talk (kipindi cha televisheni)|The Talk]]'' kiliripoti kuwa Clooney alikuwa na ujauzito.<ref name=BBCNews-ExpectingTwins-2017>{{cite news|title=George and Amal Clooney 'expecting twins'|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-38926056|work=[[BBC News]]|date=10 February 2017|archive-date=27 February 2017|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227162354/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-38926056|url-status=live}}</ref> Mwigizaji wa Marekani [[Matt Damon]], ambaye ni rafiki wa karibu wa familia hiyo, alithibitisha ujauzito huo kupitia kipindi cha ''[[Entertainment Tonight]]'' muda mfupi baadaye.<ref name=ABCNews-DamonGreatParents-2017>{{cite news|last1=Rothman|first1=Michael|title=Matt Damon Says George and Amal Clooney Will Be 'Great Parents'|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/matt-damon-george-amal-clooney-great-parents/story?id=45400456|work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|date=10 February 2017|archive-date=28 October 2023|access-date=27 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028170752/https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/matt-damon-george-amal-clooney-great-parents/story?id=45400456|url-status=live}}</ref> Mnamo Juni 2017, Clooney alijifungua watoto pacha wasiofanana, yaani: msichana na mvulana.<ref name=People-TwinsBirth-2017>{{cite news|last1=Leonard|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Juneau|first2=Jen|title=A Boy! A Girl! George and Amal Clooney Welcome Twins|url=http://people.com/babies/george-clooney-amal-clooney-welcome-twins/|work=People|date=6 June 2017|archive-date=6 June 2017|access-date=6 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606172833/http://people.com/babies/george-clooney-amal-clooney-welcome-twins/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|nowrap=yes}} * [http://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/profile/amal-clooney Amal Clooney] katika [[Doughty Street Chambers]] * {{IMDb name|5007802}} * {{C-SPAN|104924}} {{BD|1978}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clooney, Amal}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Lebanoni]] l7dcki0lxyux0wcdktdk16kzvskmrnt Krystyna Pyszková 0 235617 1544205 2026-05-16T08:21:53Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Krystyna Pyszková''' (jina la Kipolandi: Krystyna Pyszko; alizaliwa [[Januari 19]], [[1999]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Ucheki]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2023]]. Pia alishinda Miss Czech Republic [[2022]] na ni mwanamke wa pili wa Ucheki kushinda Miss World (baada ya [[Taťána Kuchařová]] mwaka [[2006]]). Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2021]], [[Karolina Bielawska]].<ref name="Gorolweb">{{cite web|url...' 1544205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Krystyna Pyszková''' (jina la Kipolandi: Krystyna Pyszko; alizaliwa [[Januari 19]], [[1999]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Ucheki]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2023]]. Pia alishinda Miss Czech Republic [[2022]] na ni mwanamke wa pili wa Ucheki kushinda Miss World (baada ya [[Taťána Kuchařová]] mwaka [[2006]]). Alitawazwa na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2021]], [[Karolina Bielawska]].<ref name="Gorolweb">{{cite web|url=https://www.gorolweb.cz/krystyna-pyszkova-z-trince-je-miss-cr/|title=Krystyna Pyszková z Třince je Miss ČR!|date=9 May 2022|language=cs|website=gorolweb.cz|access-date=9 March 2024|archive-date=29 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129143617/https://www.gorolweb.cz/krystyna-pyszkova-z-trince-je-miss-cr/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://fm.denik.cz/zpravy_region/krystyna-pyszkova-miss-world-trinec-miss-miss-czech-republic-indie-bombaj.html|title=Rodačka z Třince Krystyna Pyszková je novou Miss World|date=9 March 2024|language=cs|last=Součková|first=Kateřina|website=[[Deník]]|publisher=[[Vltava Labe Media]]|access-date=10 March 2024|archive-date=10 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310143224/https://fm.denik.cz/zpravy_region/krystyna-pyszkova-miss-world-trinec-miss-miss-czech-republic-indie-bombaj.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Ucheki]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ucheki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kurbkg68262t7irp140og3xf3oa3bat Ken Brown (mcheza mprira) 0 235618 1544208 2026-05-16T08:24:35Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kenneth Brown''' (amezaliwa 16 Februari 1934)<ref name=Englandstats>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=29 Januari 2010}}</ref> ni mchezaji na meneja wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Akiwa mchezaji, alicheza zaidi ya mechi 400 katika Ligi ya soka, akiwakilisha West Ham United, ambako alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka.<ref name=westhamstats>{{cite web |url=[http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_...' 1544208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kenneth Brown''' (amezaliwa 16 Februari 1934)<ref name=Englandstats>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=29 Januari 2010}}</ref> ni mchezaji na meneja wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Akiwa mchezaji, alicheza zaidi ya mechi 400 katika Ligi ya soka, akiwakilisha West Ham United, ambako alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka.<ref name=westhamstats>{{cite web |url=[http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown](http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown) |title=Ken Brown |publisher=Wonderful World of West Ham United Statistics |access-date=29 Januari 2010 |archive-date=16 October 2008 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081016135113/http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown](https://web.archive.org/web/20081016135113/http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown) |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1934|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 2rd3dbl6cd6t1qk60ucz9mbmrccau7y 1544212 1544208 2026-05-16T08:30:32Z Valuegirl 87699 kichwa 1544212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kenneth Brown''' (amezaliwa 16 Februari 1934)<ref name=Englandstats>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=29 Januari 2010}}</ref> ni mchezaji na meneja wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Akiwa mchezaji, alicheza zaidi ya mechi 400 katika Ligi ya soka, akiwakilisha West Ham United, ambako alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka.<ref name=westhamstats>{{cite web |url=[http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown](http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown) |title=Ken Brown |publisher=Wonderful World of West Ham United Statistics |access-date=29 Januari 2010 |archive-date=16 October 2008 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081016135113/http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown](https://web.archive.org/web/20081016135113/http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown) |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1934|}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ken Brown (mcheza mpira)}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 8za6flkldohyfeflgb29r7dbn5qrp47 1544213 1544212 2026-05-16T08:34:26Z Valuegirl 87699 kichwa 1544213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DISPLAYTITLE:Ken Brown (mcheza mpira)}} '''Kenneth Brown''' (amezaliwa 16 Februari 1934)<ref name=Englandstats>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=29 Januari 2010}}</ref> ni mchezaji na meneja wa zamani wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka). Akiwa mchezaji, alicheza zaidi ya mechi 400 katika Ligi ya soka, akiwakilisha West Ham United, ambako alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka.<ref name=westhamstats>{{cite web |url=[http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown](http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown) |title=Ken Brown |publisher=Wonderful World of West Ham United Statistics |access-date=29 Januari 2010 |archive-date=16 October 2008 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081016135113/http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown](https://web.archive.org/web/20081016135113/http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=2&ham=86&united=Ken_Brown) |url-status=live }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1934|}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ken Brown (mcheza mpira)}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 7ap7o0o7qs5xsvsw8l44ebzwm20mwov Suchata Chuangsri 0 235619 1544210 2026-05-16T08:29:06Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Suchata Chuangsri''' (anayejulikana kwa jina la utani ''Opal''; alizaliwa [[Septemba 20]], [[2003]]) ni mwanamitindo na mrembo wa [[Uthai]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2025]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa Uthai wa kwanza kabisa kushinda Miss World katika historia ya shindano hilo la miaka 72. Alitawazwa katika hafla ya mwisho iliyofanyika katika Kituo cha Maonyesho cha HITEX huko [[Hyderabad, India]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2023]], Krystyna...' 1544210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suchata Chuangsri''' (anayejulikana kwa jina la utani ''Opal''; alizaliwa [[Septemba 20]], [[2003]]) ni mwanamitindo na mrembo wa [[Uthai]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2025]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa Uthai wa kwanza kabisa kushinda Miss World katika historia ya shindano hilo la miaka 72. Alitawazwa katika hafla ya mwisho iliyofanyika katika Kituo cha Maonyesho cha HITEX huko [[Hyderabad, India]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2023]], Krystyna Pyszková wa [[Ucheki]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Happy Birthday to the UNIVERSE✨🇹🇭 Opal Suchata |url=https://www.facebook.com/TPNGlobalOfficial/posts/1058769315653527/ |website=TPN GLOBAL Facebook page |publisher=TPN Global |access-date=7 May 2025 |language=th |date=20 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2024 |title=ประวัติ โอปอล สุชาตา Miss Universe Thailand 2024 สาวเก่งจากรั้ว มธ. |url=https://www.sanook.com/campus/1425131/ |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=sanook.com |language=th}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uthai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uthai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2003]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0ob9wb8px1ifktkgg8o94kkwzh75sm5 1544287 1544210 2026-05-16T11:24:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suchata Chuangsri''' (anayejulikana kwa jina la utani ''Opal''; alizaliwa [[Septemba 20]], [[2003]]) ni mwanamitindo na mrembo wa [[Uthai]] aliyetwaa taji la [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2025]]. Yeye ni mwanamke wa Uthai wa kwanza kabisa kushinda Miss World katika historia ya shindano hilo la miaka 72. Alitawazwa katika hafla ya mwisho iliyofanyika katika Kituo cha Maonyesho cha HITEX huko [[Hyderabad, India]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2023]], Krystyna Pyszková wa [[Ucheki]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Happy Birthday to the UNIVERSE✨🇹🇭 Opal Suchata |url=https://www.facebook.com/TPNGlobalOfficial/posts/1058769315653527/ |website=TPN GLOBAL Facebook page |publisher=TPN Global |access-date=7 May 2025 |language=th |date=20 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=17 November 2024 |title=ประวัติ โอปอล สุชาตา Miss Universe Thailand 2024 สาวเก่งจากรั้ว มธ. |url=https://www.sanook.com/campus/1425131/ |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=sanook.com |language=th}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Uthai]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Uthai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2003]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] effpzypg0tyk3fg31uh5qloseye6jhk Dilma Rousseff 0 235620 1544214 2026-05-16T08:34:38Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dilma Vana Rousseff''' (alizaliwa 14 Desemba 1947), anajulikana zaidi kwa jina la '''Dilma''', ni mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Alifanya kazi kama Rais wa 36 wa Brazil kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi alipoondolewa madarakani kwa mchakato wa kisheria (impeachment) tarehe 31 Agosti 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taub |first1=Amanda |date=31 August 2016 |title=All Impeachments Are Political. B...' 1544214 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dilma Vana Rousseff''' (alizaliwa 14 Desemba 1947), anajulikana zaidi kwa jina la '''Dilma''', ni mwanauchumi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Alifanya kazi kama Rais wa 36 wa Brazil kuanzia mwaka 2011 hadi alipoondolewa madarakani kwa mchakato wa kisheria (impeachment) tarehe 31 Agosti 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Taub |first1=Amanda |date=31 August 2016 |title=All Impeachments Are Political. But Was Brazil's Something More Sinister? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/01/world/americas/brazil-impeachment-coup.html |work=The New York Times |location=Washington}}</ref> Yeye ndiye mwanamke pekee kuwahi kushika wadhifa wa urais katika historia ya nchi hiyo hadi sasa.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 October 2010 |title=Dilma, 1ª mulher presidente e única economist em 121 anos de República |url=http://noticias.bol.uol.com.br/internacional/2010/10/31/dilma-1-mulher-presidente-e-unica-economista-em-121-anos-de-republica.jhtm |work=BOL Notícias |publisher=Universo Online |location=Rio de Janeiro |language=pt-BR}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.ndb.int/ Wasifu wa sasa katika tovuti ya New Development Bank] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1947||Rousseff, Dilma}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Marais wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] aqmru8mrfcybm59mi7lmmz5oqq6u6kx Patrícia Saboya 0 235621 1544215 2026-05-16T08:38:31Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Patrícia Lúcia Saboya Ferreira Gomes''' (jina la kuzaliwa ni '''Patrícia Lúcia Saboya Mendes'''; alizaliwa 10 Oktoba 1962), anjulikana zaidi kama '''Patrícia Saboya''', ni mwalimu, mwandishi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka jimbo la [[Ceará]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/3739 Wasifu wa kihistoria katika Seneti ya Kitaifa ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962||Sa...' 1544215 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patrícia Lúcia Saboya Ferreira Gomes''' (jina la kuzaliwa ni '''Patrícia Lúcia Saboya Mendes'''; alizaliwa 10 Oktoba 1962), anjulikana zaidi kama '''Patrícia Saboya''', ni mwalimu, mwandishi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka jimbo la [[Ceará]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/3739 Wasifu wa kihistoria katika Seneti ya Kitaifa ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962||Saboya, Patricia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Walimu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 63tlrnsyukgmpzxvxvc2u7dziqmr4g6 Jack Bruton 0 235622 1544217 2026-05-16T08:40:36Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jack Bruton''' (21 Novemba 1903<ref name=joyce>{{Cite book |title=Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939 |first=Michael |last=Joyce |publisher=Soccerdata |year=2004 |isbn=1-899468-67-6|page=40}}</ref> – 13 Machi 1986) alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka akiwa katika majukumu yote mawili ndani ya klabu ya [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jack...' 1544217 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jack Bruton''' (21 Novemba 1903<ref name=joyce>{{Cite book |title=Football League Players' Records 1888 to 1939 |first=Michael |last=Joyce |publisher=Soccerdata |year=2004 |isbn=1-899468-67-6|page=40}}</ref> – 13 Machi 1986) alikuwa mchezaji na kocha wa kulipwa wa mpira wa miguu ambaye alitumia sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya soka akiwa katika majukumu yote mawili ndani ya klabu ya [[Blackburn Rovers F.C.|Blackburn Rovers]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jack Bruton |url=[https://spartacus-educational.com/BLACKBbruton.htm](https://spartacus-educational.com/BLACKBbruton.htm) |access-date=2025-03-04 |website=Spartacus Educational}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1903|1986}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 7h2jro33d11imqtdakd3qhhx2uplchn Walter Buchanan (mcheza mpira) 0 235623 1544218 2026-05-16T08:46:40Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Walter Scott Buchanan''' (1 Juni 1855 – 11 Novemba 1926)<ref>{{England Football Online|ref=y}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa Uingereza wa mpira wa miguu ambaye alicheza kama [[Forward (association football)|mshambuliaji]]. == Kazi == Akiwa amezaliwa Hornsey na kusoma katika Cranleigh School,<ref>{{cite book |title=Surrey County School Register 1865-1890}}</ref> Buchanan alichezea klabu ya Clapham Rovers, na aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uinger...' 1544218 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walter Scott Buchanan''' (1 Juni 1855 – 11 Novemba 1926)<ref>{{England Football Online|ref=y}}</ref> alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa Uingereza wa mpira wa miguu ambaye alicheza kama [[Forward (association football)|mshambuliaji]]. == Kazi == Akiwa amezaliwa Hornsey na kusoma katika Cranleigh School,<ref>{{cite book |title=Surrey County School Register 1865-1890}}</ref> Buchanan alichezea klabu ya Clapham Rovers, na aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Uingereza mara moja mwaka 1876.<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y}}</ref> Buchanan pia alikuwa mwamuzi wa fainali ya FA Cup ya mwaka 1876.<ref>{{cite journal |title=The Football Association Challenge Cup |journal=Sheffield and Rotherham Independent |date=13 Machi 1876 |page=4}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1855|1926}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 6r92lmup69izakr8wn5pil4a0o0ebsd William Bryant (mwanasoka aliyezaliwa 1899) 0 235624 1544219 2026-05-16T08:50:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''William Ingram Bryant''' (1 Machi 1899 – 21 Januari 1986) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alichezea klabu za Clapton na Millwall. Alizaliwa Ghent, Ubelgiji, na alikuwa akicheza kama [[defender (association football)|kiungo wa kati wa ulinzi (centre half)]]. Akiwa mchezaji wa Clapton, Bryant aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) katika mechi dhidi ya Ufaransa Mei 1925. Hiyo ndiyo ilikuwa mechi...' 1544219 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Ingram Bryant''' (1 Machi 1899 – 21 Januari 1986) alikuwa mchezaji wa kimataifa wa mpira wa miguu kutoka [[Uingereza]] (soka) ambaye alichezea klabu za Clapton na Millwall. Alizaliwa Ghent, Ubelgiji, na alikuwa akicheza kama [[defender (association football)|kiungo wa kati wa ulinzi (centre half)]]. Akiwa mchezaji wa Clapton, Bryant aliichezea timu ya taifa ya England (England) katika mechi dhidi ya Ufaransa Mei 1925. Hiyo ndiyo ilikuwa mechi yake pekee ya kimataifa kwa England.<ref>{{Englandstats|ref=y|access-date=20 Oktoba 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1899|1986}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] bnkycbv2uu5bdhfezr6tkeokah1mfba Cai Xiang 0 235625 1544220 2026-05-16T09:03:50Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Te May Ching''' (1923–2020) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fiziolojia ya mbegu (seed physiologist) na alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Sayansi ya Mazao ya Chuo Kikuu cha Oregon State (OSU Crop Science Department) kuanzia mwaka 1956 hadi alipoastaafu mwaka 1988. == Maisha na elimu == Te May Ching alizaliwa tarehe 9 Januari 1923 katika Suzhou, [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]], akiwa mtoto wa Sheng Wen na Hui Ying Tsou.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Te May Ching|u...' 1544220 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Te May Ching''' (1923–2020) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fiziolojia ya mbegu (seed physiologist) na alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Sayansi ya Mazao ya Chuo Kikuu cha Oregon State (OSU Crop Science Department) kuanzia mwaka 1956 hadi alipoastaafu mwaka 1988. == Maisha na elimu == Te May Ching alizaliwa tarehe 9 Januari 1923 katika Suzhou, [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]], akiwa mtoto wa Sheng Wen na Hui Ying Tsou.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Te May Ching|url=[https://www.gazettetimes.com/news/local/obituaries/te-may-ching/article_b0b3b706-9e35-54d2-9854-941134cad7a4.html|access-date=2021-03-09|website=Corvallis](https://www.gazettetimes.com/news/local/obituaries/te-may-ching/article_b0b3b706-9e35-54d2-9854-941134cad7a4.html|access-date=2021-03-09|website=Corvallis) Gazette Times|language=en}}</ref> Alikutana na mume wake, Kim Kwong Ching, katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kati kilichokuwa [[Nanjing]]; walifunga ndoa tarehe 10 Agosti 1947 mjini [[Shanghai]], China.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1923|2020}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] gp7tbeofyvqadv8oxra54sheghtqly8 Jéssica Sales 0 235626 1544221 2026-05-16T09:06:37Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jéssica Rojas Sales''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Jéssica Sales''' (alizaliwa 28 Novemba 1980), ni daktari, bingwa wa magonjwa ya akina mama (gynecologist), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] (Movimento Democrático Brasileiro). Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] kwa mihula miwili mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2023.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|titl...' 1544221 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jéssica Rojas Sales''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Jéssica Sales''' (alizaliwa 28 Novemba 1980), ni daktari, bingwa wa magonjwa ya akina mama (gynecologist), na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|MDB]] (Movimento Democrático Brasileiro). Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] kwa mihula miwili mfululizo kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2023.<ref name=bio>{{cite web|title=Jéssica Sales – Biografia|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/178839|work=Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil|language=pt|accessdate=6 Machi 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/178839 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1980||Sales, Jessica}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8y4lohrju5hhlfkhgp7ytdtjdtzugdc Dina Thorslund 0 235627 1544222 2026-05-16T09:09:22Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox_Person | jina = Dina Thorslund | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1993|10|14|df=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Copenhagen, Denmark | utaifa = Denmark | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Nzi *Uzani wa Nzi Mkubwa *Uzani wa Manyoya }} | urefu = futi 5 inchi 4 | mikono...' 1544222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Dina Thorslund | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1993|10|14|df=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Copenhagen, Denmark | utaifa = Denmark | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Nzi *Uzani wa Nzi Mkubwa *Uzani wa Manyoya }} | urefu = futi 5 inchi 4 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | jumla = 23 | ushindi = 23 | KO = 9 | kupoteza = | sare = | hakuna mashindano = }} '''Dina Thorslund''' (amezaliwa 14 Oktoba 1993) ni bondia wa ngumi za kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Denmark]].<ref name="BoxRec">{{cite web |url=https://boxrec.com/en/box-pro/715454 |title=Dina Thorslund Professional Boxing Record |publisher=BoxRec |access-date=2026-05-16}}</ref> Amefanikiwa kushikilia mataji ya dunia katika madaraja mawili tofauti ya uzito. Alikuwa bingwa wa dunia wa taji la WBO katika uzito wa juu wa bantam (super-bantamweight) kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2021.<ref name="WBO">{{cite web |url=https://www.wboboxing.com/dina-thorslund/ |title=WBO Champion Profile: Dina Thorslund |publisher=WBO |access-date=2026-05-16}}</ref> Aidha, amekuwa bingwa wa umoja wa mataji akishikilia mataji ya Baraza la Ngumi Duniani (WBC), Shirika la Ngumi Duniani (WBO),na mataji ya uzito wa bantam ya wanawake kutoka jarida la The Ring la huko nchini [[Marekani]] kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2025. .<ref name="TheRing">{{cite web |url=https://www.ringtv.com/ratings/?weightclass=119 |title=The Ring Magazine Ratings: Female Bantamweight |publisher=The Ring |access-date=2026-05-16}}</ref><ref name="WBC">{{cite web |url=https://www.wbcboxing.com |title=WBC Female Champions |publisher=World Boxing Council |access-date=2026-05-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Denmark]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lgbqt92f0cdzv4cnukkx47pbegd1s1b Jamii:Mabondia wa Denmark 14 235628 1544223 2026-05-16T09:09:59Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Jamii:Mabondia]]' 1544223 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Mabondia]] 1rocx8ifmp0arhl1xtno8kockr3ey38 Shenggen Fan 0 235629 1544224 2026-05-16T09:10:22Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shenggen Fan''' (樊胜根) alikuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) kati ya mwaka 2009 hadi 2019.<ref name="IFPRI Chair">[[http://www.ifpri.org/about/trustees/statement_newdg](http://www.ifpri.org/about/trustees/statement_newdg) New Director General of IFPRI: Statement of the Chairman of the Board]</ref> Anajulikana kwa kazi zake kuhusu uchumi wa mpito na maendeleo vijijini nchini Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China...' 1544224 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shenggen Fan''' (樊胜根) alikuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) kati ya mwaka 2009 hadi 2019.<ref name="IFPRI Chair">[[http://www.ifpri.org/about/trustees/statement_newdg](http://www.ifpri.org/about/trustees/statement_newdg) New Director General of IFPRI: Statement of the Chairman of the Board]</ref> Anajulikana kwa kazi zake kuhusu uchumi wa mpito na maendeleo vijijini nchini [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]]. Utafiti wake umejikita katika kuchambua nafasi ya uwekezaji wa umma na binafsi katika sekta ya kilimo pamoja na miundombinu ya umma katika mapambano dhidi ya umasikini sugu na njaa. Mbali na kazi zake katika nchi yake ya China, pia amefanya kazi kwa upana katika nchi nyingine za Asia pamoja na Afrika Mashariki.<ref name="UMinn">Paraphrased from: [[http://www.international.umn.edu/awards/leader/2006/fan.php](http://www.international.umn.edu/awards/leader/2006/fan.php) Profile of Shenggen Fan, Distinguished Leadership Award for Internationals Website] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100611183028/http://www.international.umn.edu/awards/leader/2006/fan.php](https://web.archive.org/web/20100611183028/http://www.international.umn.edu/awards/leader/2006/fan.php) |date=2010-06-11 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] 1fk8aka0qhpgc4x1q7fior725eyes9a Ideli Salvatti 0 235630 1544225 2026-05-16T09:12:31Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ideli Salvatti''' (alizaliwa 18 Machi 1952) ni mwalimu, mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Alitengeneza historia ya kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwahi kuchaguliwa kuwa Seneta wa Jamhuri (federal senator) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Santa Catarina (jimbo)|Santa Catarina]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/...' 1544225 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ideli Salvatti''' (alizaliwa 18 Machi 1952) ni mwalimu, mwanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. Alitengeneza historia ya kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwahi kuchaguliwa kuwa Seneta wa Jamhuri (federal senator) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Santa Catarina (jimbo)|Santa Catarina]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/3755 Wasifu wa kihistoria katika Seneti ya Kitaifa ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952||Salvatti, Ideli}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] t2rmkp63egjxhlxaxifxjdc2mqdguy8 Te May Ching 0 235631 1544226 2026-05-16T09:12:56Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Te May Ching''' (1923–2020) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fiziolojia ya mbegu (seed physiologist) na alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Sayansi ya Mazao ya Chuo Kikuu cha Oregon State (OSU Crop Science Department) kuanzia mwaka 1956 hadi alipoastaafu mwaka 1988. == Maisha na elimu == Te May Ching alizaliwa tarehe 9 Januari 1923 katika Suzhou, [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]], akiwa mtoto wa Sheng Wen na Hui Ying Tsou.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Te May Ching|u...' 1544226 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Te May Ching''' (1923–2020) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fiziolojia ya mbegu (seed physiologist) na alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Sayansi ya Mazao ya Chuo Kikuu cha Oregon State (OSU Crop Science Department) kuanzia mwaka 1956 hadi alipoastaafu mwaka 1988. == Maisha na elimu == Te May Ching alizaliwa tarehe 9 Januari 1923 katika Suzhou, [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]], akiwa mtoto wa Sheng Wen na Hui Ying Tsou.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Te May Ching|url=[https://www.gazettetimes.com/news/local/obituaries/te-may-ching/article_b0b3b706-9e35-54d2-9854-941134cad7a4.html|access-date=2021-03-09|website=Corvallis](https://www.gazettetimes.com/news/local/obituaries/te-may-ching/article_b0b3b706-9e35-54d2-9854-941134cad7a4.html|access-date=2021-03-09|website=Corvallis) Gazette Times|language=en}}</ref> Alikutana na mume wake, Kim Kwong Ching, katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kati kilichokuwa [[Nanjing]]; walifunga ndoa tarehe 10 Agosti 1947 mjini [[Shanghai]], China.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1923|2020}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] gp7tbeofyvqadv8oxra54sheghtqly8 1544289 1544226 2026-05-16T11:30:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544289 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Te May Ching''' (1923–2020) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fiziolojia ya mbegu (seed physiologist) na alifanya kazi katika Idara ya Sayansi ya Mazao ya Chuo Kikuu cha Oregon State (OSU Crop Science Department) kuanzia mwaka 1956 hadi alipoastaafu mwaka 1988. == Maisha na elimu == Te May Ching alizaliwa tarehe 9 Januari 1923 katika Suzhou, [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]], akiwa mtoto wa Sheng Wen na Hui Ying Tsou.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Te May Ching|url=[https://www.gazettetimes.com/news/local/obituaries/te-may-ching/article_b0b3b706-9e35-54d2-9854-941134cad7a4.html|access-date=2021-03-09|website=Corvallis](https://www.gazettetimes.com/news/local/obituaries/te-may-ching/article_b0b3b706-9e35-54d2-9854-941134cad7a4.html|access-date=2021-03-09|website=Corvallis) Gazette Times|language=en}}</ref> Alikutana na mume wake, Kim Kwong Ching, katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kati kilichokuwa [[Nanjing]]; walifunga ndoa tarehe 10 Agosti 1947 mjini [[Shanghai]], China.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1923|2020}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] jwyevhm0sqvylfjbdookcrw667uj7uf Olívia Santana 0 235632 1544227 2026-05-16T09:17:30Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Maria Olivia Santana''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Olívia Santana''' (alizaliwa 25 Machi 1965), ni mwalimu, mwanaharakati wa haki za raia, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Communist Party of Brazil]] PCdoB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la [[Bahia]] tangu mwaka 2019, ambapo aliweka historia kwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi kuwahi kuchaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo jimboni humo. == Marejeo == {{Refl...' 1544227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maria Olivia Santana''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Olívia Santana''' (alizaliwa 25 Machi 1965), ni mwalimu, mwanaharakati wa haki za raia, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Communist Party of Brazil]] PCdoB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo (state deputy) katika Bunge la Jimbo la [[Bahia]] tangu mwaka 2019, ambapo aliweka historia kwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi kuwahi kuchaguliwa katika nafasi hiyo jimboni humo. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.ba.gov.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Bahia (ALBA)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||Santana, Olivia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ncgfynii2s3k0etk5805fcbdz15jjlj Hu Dujing 0 235633 1544229 2026-05-16T09:20:36Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hu Dujing''' ({{zh|s=胡笃敬}}; 1913 – 25 Oktoba 2019) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] mtaalamu wa fiziolojia ya mimea, mtaalamu wa kilimo (agronomia) na mwalimu. Alikuwa profesa wa muda mrefu katika Hunan Agricultural University na pia alishiriki kuanzisha Idara ya Botania ya chuo hicho mwaka 1951. == Wasifu == Hu alizaliwa mwaka 1913 katika [[Changsha]], [[Hunan]], Jamhuri ya China (1912–1949),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=[https://www.thepaper.cn/new...' 1544229 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hu Dujing''' ({{zh|s=胡笃敬}}; 1913 – 25 Oktoba 2019) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] mtaalamu wa fiziolojia ya mimea, mtaalamu wa kilimo (agronomia) na mwalimu. Alikuwa profesa wa muda mrefu katika Hunan Agricultural University na pia alishiriki kuanzisha Idara ya Botania ya chuo hicho mwaka 1951. == Wasifu == Hu alizaliwa mwaka 1913 katika [[Changsha]], [[Hunan]], Jamhuri ya China (1912–1949),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=[https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_4784141|title=著名植物生理学家胡笃敬去世，享年107岁|trans-title=Famous](https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_4784141|title=著名植物生理学家胡笃敬去世，享年107岁|trans-title=Famous) plant physiologist Hu Dujing passes away at age 107|last=Li Yuan 李苑|date=26 Oktoba 2019|website=The Paper|access-date=27 Oktoba 2019}}</ref> akiwa na asili ya kifamilia kutoka Xiangtan. Baada ya kuhitimu katika Wuhan University, aliendelea na masomo ya uzamili katika masuala ya homoni za mimea na virutubisho vya madini katika Taasisi ya Kilimo ya National Southwestern Associated University chini ya msomi. Utafiti wake kuhusu homoni za ukuaji wa mimea ulichapishwa katika jarida la ''Science'' mwezi Aprili 1940.<ref name="Xu2012">{{cite book|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=bmtqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT147|author1=Xu](https://books.google.com/books?id=bmtqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT147|author1=Xu) Kang 许康|author2=Xu Zheng 许峥|publisher=Hunan University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-7-81113-928-0|page=147|script-title=zh:湖南历代科学家传略|trans-title=Biographies of Scientists from Hunan}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|2019}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] ocrrrm5a1m7a1nqjts8c32lu4fmb3aw Denice Santiago 0 235634 1544230 2026-05-16T09:22:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Denice Santiago Santos do Rosário''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Meja Denice''' au '''Major Denice''' (alizaliwa 17 Aprili 1971), ni Kanali Luteni (Lieutenant-Colonel) katika jeshi la [[Polisi ya Kijeshi ya Brazil|Polisi ya Kijeshi]] (PMBA) mkoani Bahia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.ba.gov.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Bahia (ALBA)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Santiago, Denice}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] Jamii:W...' 1544230 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Denice Santiago Santos do Rosário''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Meja Denice''' au '''Major Denice''' (alizaliwa 17 Aprili 1971), ni Kanali Luteni (Lieutenant-Colonel) katika jeshi la [[Polisi ya Kijeshi ya Brazil|Polisi ya Kijeshi]] (PMBA) mkoani Bahia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.ba.gov.br/ Bunge la Jimbo la Bahia (ALBA)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971||Santiago, Denice}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2qo1hnx6h7b2yxu132qubvm8o0yfb7x Daiana Santos 0 235635 1544231 2026-05-16T09:26:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daiana Silva dos Santos''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Daiana Santos''' (alizaliwa 29 Januari 1982), ni mwalimu wa elimu ya jamii, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Communist Party of Brazil]] PCdoB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] tangu mwaka 2023 kwa muhula wa hadi 2027. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220536...' 1544231 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daiana Silva dos Santos''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Daiana Santos''' (alizaliwa 29 Januari 1982), ni mwalimu wa elimu ya jamii, mwanaharakati, na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Communist Party of Brazil]] PCdoB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Rio Grande do Sul]] tangu mwaka 2023 kwa muhula wa hadi 2027. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220536 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982||Santos, Daiana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gks6668e280yg74f993ae4slv5j1m97 Ely Santos 0 235636 1544232 2026-05-16T09:36:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eliane de Sousa Alves Machado''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Ely Santos''' (alizaliwa 13 Januari 1977), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Republicans (Brazil)|Republicans]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2023, nafasi ambayo pia aliwahi kuishikilia kwa muda mfupi kama mwanachama wa akiba kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg...' 1544232 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane de Sousa Alves Machado''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Ely Santos''' (alizaliwa 13 Januari 1977), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Republicans (Brazil)|Republicans]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] tangu mwaka 2023, nafasi ambayo pia aliwahi kuishikilia kwa muda mfupi kama mwanachama wa akiba kuanzia mwaka 2021 hadi 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/218086/biografia|title=Ely Santos – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/218086 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Santos, Ely}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gfcab5udmim0eli4vptgp76xwrf97fp Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Internetmarker 3 235637 1544235 2026-05-16T09:48:16Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544235 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) 1zbikbrpfsv2i7ixbpepopzvq2ra1lc Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Techbrokers 3 235638 1544236 2026-05-16T09:48:26Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544236 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) 1zbikbrpfsv2i7ixbpepopzvq2ra1lc Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kangethe njoroge 3 235639 1544237 2026-05-16T09:48:36Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544237 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) 1zbikbrpfsv2i7ixbpepopzvq2ra1lc Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Albus Prime 3 235640 1544238 2026-05-16T09:48:46Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544238 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) 1zbikbrpfsv2i7ixbpepopzvq2ra1lc Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lilhes 3 235641 1544239 2026-05-16T09:48:56Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544239 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) 1zbikbrpfsv2i7ixbpepopzvq2ra1lc Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dudzcar 3 235642 1544240 2026-05-16T09:49:06Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544240 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bxvchnbrptflz2z7j3s4jn6h3u6vzzf Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Vhantz 3 235643 1544241 2026-05-16T09:49:16Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544241 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bxvchnbrptflz2z7j3s4jn6h3u6vzzf Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Magralena 3 235644 1544242 2026-05-16T09:49:26Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544242 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bxvchnbrptflz2z7j3s4jn6h3u6vzzf Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Armafil 3 235645 1544243 2026-05-16T09:49:36Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544243 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bxvchnbrptflz2z7j3s4jn6h3u6vzzf Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gnisacc 3 235646 1544244 2026-05-16T09:49:46Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544244 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bxvchnbrptflz2z7j3s4jn6h3u6vzzf Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Vielsprachler 3 235647 1544245 2026-05-16T09:49:56Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544245 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bxvchnbrptflz2z7j3s4jn6h3u6vzzf Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SouthsideIndy317 3 235648 1544246 2026-05-16T09:50:06Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544246 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bvwrq5mepid2pkc83lt5q52z36kaaiu Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Samutired 3 235649 1544247 2026-05-16T09:50:16Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544247 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bvwrq5mepid2pkc83lt5q52z36kaaiu Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:N.Iran.S 3 235650 1544248 2026-05-16T09:50:26Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544248 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bvwrq5mepid2pkc83lt5q52z36kaaiu Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Thisistheway88 3 235651 1544249 2026-05-16T09:50:36Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544249 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bvwrq5mepid2pkc83lt5q52z36kaaiu Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hirwabell 3 235652 1544250 2026-05-16T09:50:46Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544250 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bvwrq5mepid2pkc83lt5q52z36kaaiu Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mberg4 3 235653 1544251 2026-05-16T09:50:56Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544251 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) bvwrq5mepid2pkc83lt5q52z36kaaiu Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dhddhdhdhhdh 3 235654 1544252 2026-05-16T09:51:06Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1544252 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 16 Mei 2026 (UTC) 5a1x70afy6iour68a8fz6ziqhl36voi Nina Meinke 0 235655 1544253 2026-05-16T09:52:32Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox_Person | jina = Nina Meinke | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = The Brave | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1993|03|04|df=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Berlin, Ujerumani | utaifa = Ujerumani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Manyoya *Uzani wa Manyoya Mkubwa *Uzani Mwepesi }} | urefu = futi 5 inchi 6 na nusu...' 1544253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Nina Meinke | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = The Brave | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1993|03|04|df=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Berlin, Ujerumani | utaifa = Ujerumani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Manyoya *Uzani wa Manyoya Mkubwa *Uzani Mwepesi }} | urefu = futi 5 inchi 6 na nusu | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kushoto | jumla = 22 | ushindi = 19 | KO = 4 | kupoteza = 3 | sare = | hakuna mashindano = }} '''Nina Meinke''' (amezaliwa 4 Machi 1993) ni bondia wa ngumi za kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Ujerumani]],ambaye kwa sasa ni bingwa wa dunia wa IBF katika uzito wa unyoya (featherweight). == Kazi == Hapo awali, Meinke alishikilia taji la uzito wa unyoya la wanawake barani Ulaya (EBU)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Frevert|first=Klaus|date=18 November 2018|title=Siege für Krasniqi, Schwarz und Meinke in Dessau|url=http://www.boxwelt.com/2018/11/profiboxen/siege-fuer-krasniqi-schwarz-und-meinke-in-dessau/|access-date=13 October 2020|website=Boxwelt|language=de-DE}}</ref> pamoja na taji la uzito wa unyoya la WIBF.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kemp|first=Jay|date=19 February 2018|title=Nina Meinke Outpoints Previously Undefeated Vissia Trovato to Claim the GBU and WIBF Titles|url=https://www.womenofboxing.com/nina-meinke-outpoints-previously-undefeated-vissia-trovato-to-claim-the-gbu-and-wibf-titles/|access-date=13 October 2020|website=Women of Boxing|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BoxRec: List of WIBF featherweight title fights|url=https://boxrec.com/en/title/245/Featherweight|access-date=13 October 2020|website=[[BoxRec]]}}</ref> Meinke alishinda taji la dunia la IBF lililokuwa wazi baada ya kumshinda [[Daniela Romina Bermúdez]] kwa uamuzi wa majaji huko [[Hamburg]],nchini Ujerumani, mnamo tarehe 21 Septemba 2024. Katika pambano hilo, majaji wawili walimpa Meinke ushindi wa pointi 118-110 na 119-109, wakati jaji wa tatu aliona pambano hilo kuwa la sare ya pointi 114-114.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxrec.com/en/event/904984/3222105|title=Nina Meinke vs Daniela Romina Bermudez|publisher=boxrec.com|access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxingscene.com/euro-news-nina-meinke-captures-ibf-featherweight-belt-jack-culcay-retires--186071|title=Euro News: Nina Meinke captures IBF featherweight belt, and Jack Culcay retires|publisher=Boxing Scene|access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pttzatvxgzlqp51wuoxoolklesndrvn 1544270 1544253 2026-05-16T10:37:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1544270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Nina Meinke | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = The Brave | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1993|03|04|df=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Berlin, Ujerumani | utaifa = Ujerumani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Manyoya *Uzani wa Manyoya Mkubwa *Uzani Mwepesi }} | urefu = futi 5 inchi 6 na nusu | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kushoto | jumla = 22 | ushindi = 19 | KO = 4 | kupoteza = 3 | sare = | hakuna mashindano = }} '''Nina Meinke''' (amezaliwa 4 Machi 1993) ni bondia wa ngumi za kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Ujerumani]],ambaye kwa sasa ni bingwa wa dunia wa IBF katika uzito wa unyoya (featherweight). == Kazi == Hapo awali, Meinke alishikilia taji la uzito wa unyoya la wanawake barani Ulaya (EBU)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Frevert|first=Klaus|date=18 November 2018|title=Siege für Krasniqi, Schwarz und Meinke in Dessau|url=http://www.boxwelt.com/2018/11/profiboxen/siege-fuer-krasniqi-schwarz-und-meinke-in-dessau/|access-date=13 October 2020|website=Boxwelt|language=de-DE}}</ref> pamoja na taji la uzito wa unyoya la WIBF.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Kemp|first=Jay|date=19 February 2018|title=Nina Meinke Outpoints Previously Undefeated Vissia Trovato to Claim the GBU and WIBF Titles|url=https://www.womenofboxing.com/nina-meinke-outpoints-previously-undefeated-vissia-trovato-to-claim-the-gbu-and-wibf-titles/|access-date=13 October 2020|website=Women of Boxing|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BoxRec: List of WIBF featherweight title fights|url=https://boxrec.com/en/title/245/Featherweight|access-date=13 October 2020|website=[[BoxRec]]}}</ref> Meinke alishinda taji la dunia la IBF lililokuwa wazi baada ya kumshinda [[Daniela Romina Bermúdez]] kwa uamuzi wa majaji huko [[Hamburg]],nchini Ujerumani, mnamo tarehe 21 Septemba 2024. Katika pambano hilo, majaji wawili walimpa Meinke ushindi wa pointi 118-110 na 119-109, wakati jaji wa tatu aliona pambano hilo kuwa la sare ya pointi 114-114.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boxrec.com/en/event/904984/3222105|title=Nina Meinke vs Daniela Romina Bermudez|publisher=boxrec.com|access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxingscene.com/euro-news-nina-meinke-captures-ibf-featherweight-belt-jack-culcay-retires--186071|title=Euro News: Nina Meinke captures IBF featherweight belt, and Jack Culcay retires|publisher=Boxing Scene|access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1993]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] oe1gou61uilxxwyitz2pymmza5w0orc Jia Sixie 0 235656 1544254 2026-05-16T09:56:10Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jia Sixie''' (賈思勰) (fl. 530–544) alikuwa [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Northern Wei. Anajulikana kama mwandishi wa mojawapo ya maandiko ya mwanzo kabisa na yenye ushawishi mkubwa katika historia ya kilimo, yanayojulikana kama Qimin Yaoshu 齊民要術 (ambayo mara nyingi hutafsiriwa kama “Mbinu Muhimu kwa Watu wa Kawaida”). Maandishi hayo yalikuwa miongoni mwa vitabu vilivyopangwa kwa utaratibu mkubwa kuhusu [...' 1544254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jia Sixie''' (賈思勰) (fl. 530–544) alikuwa [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] katika kipindi cha Nasaba ya Northern Wei. Anajulikana kama mwandishi wa mojawapo ya maandiko ya mwanzo kabisa na yenye ushawishi mkubwa katika historia ya kilimo, yanayojulikana kama Qimin Yaoshu 齊民要術 (ambayo mara nyingi hutafsiriwa kama “Mbinu Muhimu kwa Watu wa Kawaida”). Maandishi hayo yalikuwa miongoni mwa vitabu vilivyopangwa kwa utaratibu mkubwa kuhusu [[kilimo]] na ufugaji wa wanyama, na yalikuwa yakinakiliwa na kutumiwa sana na wasomi kuanzia kipindi cha [[Nasaba ya Tang]] hadi [[Nasaba ya Qing]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=[http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/jj.7762596](http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/jj.7762596) |title=Early Medieval Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide |date=2016-10-01 |publisher=Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley |isbn=978-1-55729-171-4 |editor-last=Chennault |editor-first=Cynthia L. |doi=10.2307/jj.7762596.50 |editor-last2=Knapp |editor-first2=Keith N. |editor-last3=Berkowitz |editor-first3=Alan J. |editor-last4=Dien |editor-first4=Albert E.}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] 15q6srfyh2qubqtraeduh6cwfu4xi7b Sarah Mahfoud 0 235657 1544256 2026-05-16T10:04:19Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox_Person | jina = Sarah Mahfoud | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1989|9|29}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Tórshavn, Visiwa vya Faroe | utaifa = Denmark | uzito = Uzani wa Manyoya | urefu = futi 5 inchi 4 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida...' 1544256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Sarah Mahfoud | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1989|9|29}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Tórshavn, Visiwa vya Faroe | utaifa = Denmark | uzito = Uzani wa Manyoya | urefu = futi 5 inchi 4 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | boxrec = 786389 | jumla = 16 | ushindi = 14 | KO = 3 | kupoteza = 2 | sare = | hakuna mashindano = | tovuti = }} '''Sarah Mahfoud''' (amezaliwa 29 Septemba 1989) ni bondia wa ngumi za kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Denmark]] mwenye asili ya Visiwa vya [[Visiwa vya Faroe|Faroe]], ambaye alishinda taji la dunia la IBF katika daraja la '''uzito wa unyoya''' mnamo Julai 2020. Baadaye, alipoteza taji hilo kwa [[Amanda Serrano]] katika pambano la kuunganisha mataji lililofanyika katika mji wa [[Manchester]] nchini [[Uingereza]] mnamo 24 Septemba 2022. Hadi kufikia Aprili 2024, anashika nafasi ya pili duniani kati ya mabondia wa kike wa uzito wa unyoya wanaoendelea na mchezo huo, kwa mujibu wa mitandao ya [[BoxRec]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BoxRec: Female featherweight ratings|url=https://boxrec.com/en/ratings?r%5Brole%5D=proboxer&r%5Bsex%5D=F&r%5Bdivision%5D=Featherweight&r%5Bcountry%5D=&r%5Bstance%5D=&r%5Bstatus%5D=a&r_go=|access-date=4 April 2024|website=[[BoxRec]]}}</ref> na jarida la nchini Marekani la ''[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 March 2024|title=The Ring Women's Ratings|url=https://www.ringtv.com/609826-the-ring-womens-ratings/|access-date=4 April 2024|website=[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Denmark]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 79984vxcmgnkj9dtha56akxaf51nldq 1544281 1544256 2026-05-16T11:11:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1544281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Sarah Mahfoud | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1989|9|29}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Tórshavn, Visiwa vya Faroe | utaifa = Denmark | uzito = Uzani wa Manyoya | urefu = futi 5 inchi 4 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | boxrec = 786389 | jumla = 16 | ushindi = 14 | KO = 3 | kupoteza = 2 | sare = | hakuna mashindano = | tovuti = }} '''Sarah Mahfoud''' (amezaliwa 29 Septemba 1989) ni bondia wa ngumi za kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Denmark]] mwenye asili ya Visiwa vya [[Visiwa vya Faroe|Faroe]], ambaye alishinda taji la dunia la IBF katika daraja la '''uzito wa unyoya''' mnamo Julai 2020. Baadaye, alipoteza taji hilo kwa [[Amanda Serrano]] katika pambano la kuunganisha mataji lililofanyika katika mji wa [[Manchester]] nchini [[Uingereza]] mnamo 24 Septemba 2022. Hadi kufikia Aprili 2024, anashika nafasi ya pili duniani kati ya mabondia wa kike wa uzito wa unyoya wanaoendelea na mchezo huo, kwa mujibu wa mitandao ya [[BoxRec]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BoxRec: Female featherweight ratings|url=https://boxrec.com/en/ratings?r%5Brole%5D=proboxer&r%5Bsex%5D=F&r%5Bdivision%5D=Featherweight&r%5Bcountry%5D=&r%5Bstance%5D=&r%5Bstatus%5D=a&r_go=|access-date=4 April 2024|website=[[BoxRec]]}}</ref> na jarida la nchini Marekani la ''[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=29 March 2024|title=The Ring Women's Ratings|url=https://www.ringtv.com/609826-the-ring-womens-ratings/|access-date=4 April 2024|website=[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Denmark]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nk00kszm79bbxelkuexbvtgmkyevtqf Jin Shanbao 0 235658 1544257 2026-05-16T10:05:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jin Shanbao''' ({{zh|s=金善宝|t=金善寶}}; 2 Julai 1895 – 26 Juni 1997) alikuwa mwalimu wa masuala ya kilimo na [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] kutoka [[China]]. == Wasifu == Jin Shanbao alizaliwa tarehe 2 Julai 1895 katika Zhuji, Mkoa wa Zhejiang. Aliingia katika Shule ya Tano ya Upili ya Mkoa wa Zhejiang iliyokuwa Shaoxing, ambako alisoma kwa miaka minne. Mwaka 1917, licha ya kupata alama nzuri, umaskini wa familia yake ulimfanya ashindwe kuj...' 1544257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jin Shanbao''' ({{zh|s=金善宝|t=金善寶}}; 2 Julai 1895 – 26 Juni 1997) alikuwa mwalimu wa masuala ya kilimo na [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] kutoka [[China]]. == Wasifu == Jin Shanbao alizaliwa tarehe 2 Julai 1895 katika Zhuji, Mkoa wa Zhejiang. Aliingia katika Shule ya Tano ya Upili ya Mkoa wa Zhejiang iliyokuwa Shaoxing, ambako alisoma kwa miaka minne. Mwaka 1917, licha ya kupata alama nzuri, umaskini wa familia yake ulimfanya ashindwe kujiunga na vyuo vikuu vingi. Hata hivyo, aliona tangazo la udahili la Kitengo cha Masomo ya Kilimo katika Chuo cha Ualimu cha Nanjing kilichotoa masomo bila ada, na akaamua kujiunga na chuo hicho.<ref name="Li2013">{{cite book |last=Li |first=Yan |title=金善宝与中国现代农业科技发展研究 |trans-title=Research on Jin Shanbao and the Development of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology in China |date=2013 |publisher=China Agriculture Science Technology Publishing House Bookstore |isbn=978-7-5116-1288-5 |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=n2r0oAEACAAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=n2r0oAEACAAJ) |access-date=8 Novemba 2024 |language=zh-hans}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1895|1997}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] eu5k3rasg9x7poexink01xpvvh0qx48 Li Zhengyou 0 235659 1544258 2026-05-16T10:10:24Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Li Zhengyou''' ({{zh|s=李铮友}}; Julai 1935 – 4 Aprili 2018) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] na mwanasiasa. Alikuwa profesa katika Yunnan Agricultural University, ambako alibuni aina ya mpunga chotara wa Dian na kuitwa “baba wa mpunga chotara wa maeneo ya nyanda za juu”. Pia aliwahi kuwa Makamu wa Gavana wa Mkoa wa Yunnan kuanzia mwaka 1983 hadi 1988, pamoja na Mwenyekiti wa Yunnan Science and Technology Society.<ref n...' 1544258 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Li Zhengyou''' ({{zh|s=李铮友}}; Julai 1935 – 4 Aprili 2018) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] na mwanasiasa. Alikuwa profesa katika Yunnan Agricultural University, ambako alibuni aina ya mpunga chotara wa Dian na kuitwa “baba wa mpunga chotara wa maeneo ya nyanda za juu”. Pia aliwahi kuwa Makamu wa Gavana wa Mkoa wa Yunnan kuanzia mwaka 1983 hadi 1988, pamoja na Mwenyekiti wa Yunnan Science and Technology Society.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=[http://news.gmw.cn/2018-04/11/content_28277315.htm|title=追忆高原杂交稻之父李铮友|last=Ren|first=Weidong|date=2018-04-11|website=Guangming](http://news.gmw.cn/2018-04/11/content_28277315.htm|title=追忆高原杂交稻之父李铮友|last=Ren|first=Weidong|date=2018-04-11|website=Guangming) Daily|access-date=2018-04-16}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=[http://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0413/c87393-29925343.html|title=李铮友同志逝世|date=2018-04-13|website=People's](http://cpc.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0413/c87393-29925343.html|title=李铮友同志逝世|date=2018-04-13|website=People's) Daily|access-date=2018-04-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1935|2018}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] 0j5ttwfke1gr9twfok0e7br6omnn0c8 Luciana Santos (mwanasiasa) 0 235660 1544259 2026-05-16T10:15:59Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Luciana Barbosa de Oliveira Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Luciana Santos''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1965), ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Waziri wa Sayansi, Teknolojia na Ubunifu katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] tangu mwaka 2023, akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwahi kuongoza wizara hiyo katika historia ya nchi hiyo.<ref>[https://folhanobre.com.br/2023/01/02/luciana-santos-takes-over-...' 1544259 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Luciana Barbosa de Oliveira Santos''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Luciana Santos''' (alizaliwa 29 Desemba 1965), ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Waziri wa Sayansi, Teknolojia na Ubunifu katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] tangu mwaka 2023, akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwahi kuongoza wizara hiyo katika historia ya nchi hiyo.<ref>[https://folhanobre.com.br/2023/01/02/luciana-santos-takes-over-the-ministry-of-science-and-technology/355303/ Luciana Santos takes over the Ministry of Science and Technology]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.gov.br/mcti/pt-br Tovuti Rasmi ya Wizara ya Sayansi, Teknolojia na Ubunifu ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||Santos, Luciana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1r32liwdr3abvacu7ogc88ezra99v95 Li Jiayang 0 235661 1544260 2026-05-16T10:18:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Li Jiayang''' amezaliwa 1956)<ref name=chinavitae/> ni mwanaagronomia na mtaalamu wa jenetiki kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]]. Yeye ni Naibu Waziri wa Kilimo nchini [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] na Rais wa Chuo cha Sayansi za Kilimo cha China (CAAS). Pia ni profesa na mtafiti mkuu katika Taasisi ya Jenetiki na Maendeleo ya Chuo cha Sayansi cha China (CAS).<ref name=chinavitae>{{cite web|archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/2015060415...' 1544260 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Li Jiayang''' amezaliwa 1956)<ref name=chinavitae/> ni mwanaagronomia na mtaalamu wa jenetiki kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]]. Yeye ni Naibu Waziri wa Kilimo nchini [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] na Rais wa Chuo cha Sayansi za Kilimo cha China (CAAS). Pia ni profesa na mtafiti mkuu katika Taasisi ya Jenetiki na Maendeleo ya Chuo cha Sayansi cha China (CAS).<ref name=chinavitae>{{cite web|archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20150604151521/http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Li_Jiayang|archivedate=2015-06-04|url=http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Li_Jiayang|publisher=chinavitae.com|title=Li](https://web.archive.org/web/20150604151521/http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Li_Jiayang|archivedate=2015-06-04|url=http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Li_Jiayang|publisher=chinavitae.com|title=Li) Jiayang 李家洋: Vice-President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Botanical Molecular Geneticist}}</ref><ref name=scopus>{{Scopus|id=8938386200}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1956|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3s707bwb0xq7p9xqcyfolnd44rctqlq Liu Guodao 0 235662 1544261 2026-05-16T10:23:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Liu Guodao''' alizaliwa Juni 1963 mjini Tengchong, [[Yunnan]]) ni [[China|Mchina]] mtaalamu wa agrobiolojia. Liu ni mtafiti, profesa na msimamizi wa wanafunzi wa shahada ya uzamivu katika masuala ya malisho ya tropiki. Amebobea katika ukusanyaji, utambuzi, uhifadhi na uboreshaji wa rasilimali za kijeni za nyasi za malisho ya tropiki.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Hubiao|last2=Li|first2=Xiaoxia|last3=Wang|first3=Wenqiang|last4=Bai|first4=Changju...' 1544261 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liu Guodao''' alizaliwa Juni 1963 mjini Tengchong, [[Yunnan]]) ni [[China|Mchina]] mtaalamu wa agrobiolojia. Liu ni mtafiti, profesa na msimamizi wa wanafunzi wa shahada ya uzamivu katika masuala ya malisho ya tropiki. Amebobea katika ukusanyaji, utambuzi, uhifadhi na uboreshaji wa rasilimali za kijeni za nyasi za malisho ya tropiki.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Hubiao|last2=Li|first2=Xiaoxia|last3=Wang|first3=Wenqiang|last4=Bai|first4=Changjun|last5=Liu|first5=Guodao|date=2015-09-23|title=Carex jianfengensis (Carex sect. Rhomboidales, Cyperaceae), a New Species from Hainan, China|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=10|issue=9|article-number=e0136373|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0136373|issn=1932-6203|pmc=4580456|pmid=26397809|doi-access=free}}</ref> Anafanyia kazi mjini [[Haikou]], [[Hainan]], ambayo ni mkoa wa tropiki nchini China. Liu ni makamu wa rais wa Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS),<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.catas.cn/contents/239/21546.html|title=中国热带农业科学院](http://www.catas.cn/contents/239/21546.html|title=中国热带农业科学院) 院领导集体 刘国道|website=[www.catas.cn|access-date=2018-10-25](http://www.catas.cn|access-date=2018-10-25)}}</ref> baada ya kuwahi kuwa mkuu wa taasisi mbili za utafiti zilizo chini ya CATAS, ambazo ni Taasisi ya Utafiti wa Vinasaba vya Mazao ya Tropiki na Taasisi ya Kilimo na Ufugaji wa Tropiki.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.forage.org.cn/front/article/435.html|title=刘国道](http://www.forage.org.cn/front/article/435.html|title=刘国道) - 中国牧草产业网|website=[www.forage.org.cn|access-date=2018-11-03](http://www.forage.org.cn|access-date=2018-11-03)}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1963|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] byc1ve4qrn8mjgogm3dckt9l67s3wjd Svetlana Kulakova 0 235663 1544262 2026-05-16T10:25:18Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox_Person | jina = Svetlana Kulakova | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = Светлана Александровна Кулакова | jina_la_utani = Kulak | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1982|12|13|df=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Sarov, Urusi | utaifa = Urusi | uzito = Uzani wa Kati Mwepesi | urefu = futi 5 inchi 8 | mikon...' 1544262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Svetlana Kulakova | picha = | ukubwawapicha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = Светлана Александровна Кулакова | jina_la_utani = Kulak | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1982|12|13|df=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Sarov, Urusi | utaifa = Urusi | uzito = Uzani wa Kati Mwepesi | urefu = futi 5 inchi 8 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | boxrec = 393123 | jumla = 14 | ushindi = 13 | KO = 1 | kupoteza = | sare = 1 | hakuna mashindano = | medali = {{MedalSport|Ndondi ya wanawake}} {{MedalCountry|{{RUS}}}} {{MedalCompetition|Mashindano ya Dunia ya Ndondi ya Wanawake}} {{MedalBronze|2002 Antalya|57kg}} {{MedalSport|Kickboxing ya wanawake}} {{MedalCountry|{{RUS}}}} {{MedalCompetition|Mashindano ya Ulaya ya WAKO}} {{MedalGold|2006 Skopje|70kg}} }} Svetlana Kulakova (amezaliwa tarehe 13 Desemba 1982) ni bondia wa zamani wa kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Urusi]] na pia bingwa wa ndondi za ridhaa katika mchezo wa mateke "[[kickboxing]] ". Alitwaa taji la muda la dunia la WBA katika daraja la '''uzito wa juu wa mwanga''' (super-lightweight) lililokuwa wazi baada ya kumshinda [[Judy Waguthii]] kwa uamuzi wa majaji wote katka mji wa [[Volgograd]],nchini Urusi, mnamo 24 Agosti 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.asianboxing.info/results2/kulakova-dominant-despite-cut |title=KULAKOVA DOMINANT DESPITE CUT |work=Asian Boxing}}</ref> Kulakova alifanikiwa kulitetea taji hilo kwa ushindi wa pointi dhidi ya [[Florence Muthoni]] katika mji wa [[Barnaul]],nchini Urusi, mnamo 15 Novemba 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wbaboxing.com/boxing-news/svetlana-kulakova-retiene-faja-interina-de-las-140-libras |title=Svetlana Kulakova retiene faja interina de las 140 libras |work=wbaboxing.com}}</ref> Mnamo 1 Juni 2014, alichuana na bingwa kamili wa WBA, [[Ana Laura Esteche]], kwenye mji wa Mytishchi,huko nchini Urusi, lakini pambano hilo liliishia kwa sare.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rbth.com/arts/2014/07/01/russias_rising_stars_of_womens_boxing_36359 |title=Russia's rising stars of women's boxing |work=rbth.com}}</ref> Kulakova alishinda taji la dunia la IBO katika uzito wa juu wa mwanga lililokuwa wazi kwa kumshinda [[Prisca Vicot]] lililofanyika katika jiji kuu la nchi ya Urusi la [[Moscow]], mnamo 3 Desemba 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldboxingnews.com/results-december-2016/ |title=Results December 2016 |work=worldboxingnews.com}}</ref> Alilitetea taji hilo mara moja katika pambano la marudiano dhidi ya [[Judy Waguthii]] mnamo 27 Novemba 2017, ambapo alishinda kwa uamuzi wa majaji wengi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxwelt.com/2017/12/profiboxen/svetlana-kulakova-verteidigte-ibo-titel-gegen-judy-waguthii/ |title=Svetlana Kulakova verteidigte IBO Titel gegen Judy Waguthii |work=boxwelt.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gr0qb8hzpuj0l9pxph3zecui1rgh6ef Jamii:Mabondia wa Urusi 14 235664 1544263 2026-05-16T10:25:55Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '[[Jamii:Mabondia]]' 1544263 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:Mabondia]] 1rocx8ifmp0arhl1xtno8kockr3ey38 Liu Xingtu 0 235665 1544264 2026-05-16T10:26:19Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Liu Xingtu''' ({{zh|s=刘兴土}}; 10 Septemba 1936 – 6 Mei 2021<ref>[[http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2021/5/457194.shtm](http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2021/5/457194.shtm) 著名自然地理学家刘兴土院士逝世] {{in lang|zh}}</ref>) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] aliyezaliwa mjini Malacca, Malaya. Alibobea katika tafiti za maeneo oevu pamoja na kilimo cha kikanda katika kaskazini-mashariki mwa Jamhuri ya W...' 1544264 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liu Xingtu''' ({{zh|s=刘兴土}}; 10 Septemba 1936 – 6 Mei 2021<ref>[[http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2021/5/457194.shtm](http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2021/5/457194.shtm) 著名自然地理学家刘兴土院士逝世] {{in lang|zh}}</ref>) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] aliyezaliwa mjini Malacca, Malaya. Alibobea katika tafiti za maeneo oevu pamoja na kilimo cha kikanda katika kaskazini-mashariki mwa [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.cae.cn/cae/html/main/colys/50787677.html|title=刘兴土|website=Chinese](http://www.cae.cn/cae/html/main/colys/50787677.html|title=刘兴土|website=Chinese) Academy of Engineering|access-date=2020-01-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1936|2021}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] pdbvjyvn7syb0kdeja0vokrbqtkn7pt Katia Sastre 0 235666 1544265 2026-05-16T10:27:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Katia da Silva Sastre''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Policial Katia Sastre''' (alizaliwa 4 Aprili 1976), ni afisa wa polisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] PL. Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204529/biografia|title=Po...' 1544265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Katia da Silva Sastre''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Policial Katia Sastre''' (alizaliwa 4 Aprili 1976), ni afisa wa polisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Chama cha Kiliberali]] PL. Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[São Paulo (jimbo)|São Paulo]] kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204529/biografia|title=Policial Katia Sastre|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204529 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Sastre, Katia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] djime2drzf2qp58nsxgdhf1p0ia3vdn Meire Serafim 0 235667 1544267 2026-05-16T10:30:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rozimeire Ribeiro Andrade''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Meire Serafim''' (alizaliwa 10 Februari 1975), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazonoticias.com.br/noticia/1226/deputada-meire-serafim-toma-posse-na-camara-federal-acompanhada-de-esposo-mazinho-serafim|title=De...' 1544267 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rozimeire Ribeiro Andrade''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Meire Serafim''' (alizaliwa 10 Februari 1975), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Acre (jimbo)|Acre]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazonoticias.com.br/noticia/1226/deputada-meire-serafim-toma-posse-na-camara-federal-acompanhada-de-esposo-mazinho-serafim|title=Deputada Meire Serafim toma posse na Câmara Federal acompanhada de esposo|work=Amazonotícias|date=2 Februari 2023|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220591 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975||Serafim, Meire}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q6k70jpqcvgpdlmxmddzbb1ifwzyaj3 Kan Wang 0 235668 1544268 2026-05-16T10:35:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kan Wang''' (amezaliwa 1957) ni mwanaagronomia wa [[Kichina]]-[[Marekani|Mmarekani]]. Akiwa profesa katika Iowa State University, Wang alichaguliwa kuwa Fellow wa American Association for the Advancement of Science kutokana na “maendeleo yake katika uhandisi wa jenetiki wa mimea kwa kutumia ''Agrobacterium tumefaciens''.” == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Wang alipata shahada ya Sayansi katika biokemia kutoka Chuo cha Fudan mwaka 1982 na shahada ya u...' 1544268 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kan Wang''' (amezaliwa 1957) ni mwanaagronomia wa [[Kichina]]-[[Marekani|Mmarekani]]. Akiwa profesa katika Iowa State University, Wang alichaguliwa kuwa Fellow wa American Association for the Advancement of Science kutokana na “maendeleo yake katika uhandisi wa jenetiki wa mimea kwa kutumia ''Agrobacterium tumefaciens''.” == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Wang alipata shahada ya Sayansi katika biokemia kutoka Chuo cha Fudan mwaka 1982 na shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika biolojia ya mimea kutoka Ghent University.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kan Wang |url=[https://www.ipb.iastate.edu/people/kan-wang](https://www.ipb.iastate.edu/people/kan-wang) |website=ipb.iastate.edu |access-date=May 5, 2021}}</ref> Msimamizi wake wa tasnifu alikuwa Marc Van Montagu.<ref>{{cite web |title=World Food Prize Winner Mentored Iowa State Agronomy Professor |url=[https://www.cals.iastate.edu/news/releases/world-food-prize-winner-mentored-iowa-state-agronomy-professor](https://www.cals.iastate.edu/news/releases/world-food-prize-winner-mentored-iowa-state-agronomy-professor) |website=cals.iastate.edu |access-date=May 5, 2021 |date=October 11, 2013 |archive-date=May 6, 2021 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20210506024636/https://www.cals.iastate.edu/news/releases/world-food-prize-winner-mentored-iowa-state-agronomy-professor](https://web.archive.org/web/20210506024636/https://www.cals.iastate.edu/news/releases/world-food-prize-winner-mentored-iowa-state-agronomy-professor) |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1957|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 26370sjf63c2j9fwcmy1mryjxpx0tb0 Marisa Serrano 0 235669 1544269 2026-05-16T10:35:21Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marisa Joaquina Monteiro Serrano''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Marisa Serrano''' (alizaliwa 21 Juni 1947), ni mwalimu, mwandishi wa vitabu vya kiada, na mwanasiasa mstaafu wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party|PSDB]]. Alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa Jamhuri (federal senator) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Mato Grosso do Sul]] kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/527...' 1544269 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marisa Joaquina Monteiro Serrano''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Marisa Serrano''' (alizaliwa 21 Juni 1947), ni mwalimu, mwandishi wa vitabu vya kiada, na mwanasiasa mstaafu wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party|PSDB]]. Alifanya kazi kama Seneta wa Jamhuri (federal senator) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Mato Grosso do Sul]] kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/527|title=Senadora Marisa Serrano|publisher=Senado Federal|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/senadores/senador/-/perfil/527 Wasifu wa kihistoria katika Seneti ya Kitaifa ya Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1947||Serrano, Marisa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] t781qnqrlpit9rkr8in1q0pn2z6scww Lu Yonggen 0 235670 1544271 2026-05-16T10:38:42Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lu Yonggen''' ({{zh|s=卢永根}}; 2 Desemba 1930 – 12 Agosti 2019) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] mtaalamu wa kilimo, mtaalamu wa jenetiki ya mimea, na mfadhili. Alihudumu kama Rais wa South China Agricultural University kuanzia mwaka 1983 hadi 1995, na alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachuo wa Chinese Academy of Sciences mwaka 1993. Mwaka 2017 alitajwa kuwa mfadhili wa pili mwenye ukarimu mkubwa nchini China baada ya kuchangia akiba yake yote ya maisha kwa chuo kiku...' 1544271 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lu Yonggen''' ({{zh|s=卢永根}}; 2 Desemba 1930 – 12 Agosti 2019) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] mtaalamu wa kilimo, mtaalamu wa jenetiki ya mimea, na mfadhili. Alihudumu kama Rais wa South China Agricultural University kuanzia mwaka 1983 hadi 1995, na alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachuo wa Chinese Academy of Sciences mwaka 1993. Mwaka 2017 alitajwa kuwa mfadhili wa pili mwenye ukarimu mkubwa nchini China baada ya kuchangia akiba yake yote ya maisha kwa chuo kikuu chake. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Lu alizaliwa tarehe 2 Desemba 1930 katika Hong Kong ya Kiingereza, katika familia ya tabaka la kati iliyotokea Kaunti ya Hua (sasa Huadu), [[Guangdong]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=[https://news.ifeng.com/c/7p4dqb425nT|title="布衣院士"卢永根病逝](https://news.ifeng.com/c/7p4dqb425nT|title=%22布衣院士%22卢永根病逝) 生前曾捐出880万积蓄|date=2019-08-12|website=Phoenix TV|access-date=2019-08-12}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2019}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] hb3ju5tnrszwoaxq4v20ezsdye5ziaz Chevelle Hallback 0 235671 1544272 2026-05-16T10:38:59Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox_Person | jina = Chevelle Lynvette Hallback | picha = | jina_halisi = Chevelle Lynvette Hallback | jina_la_utani = Fist of Steel | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1971|9|3|mf=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Plant City, Florida, Marekani | utaifa = Marekani | uzito = Uzani wa Kati | urefu = mita 1.70 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida |...' 1544272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Chevelle Lynvette Hallback | picha = | jina_halisi = Chevelle Lynvette Hallback | jina_la_utani = Fist of Steel | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1971|9|3|mf=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Plant City, Florida, Marekani | utaifa = Marekani | uzito = Uzani wa Kati | urefu = mita 1.70 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | jumla = 43 | ushindi = 32 | KO = 13 | kupoteza = 8 | sare = 2 | hakuna mashindano = 1 }} '''Chevelle Lynvette Hallback''' (amezaliwa Septemba 3, 1971) ni bondia wa kike kutoka mji wa Plant City,katika jimbo la [[Florida]], nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Chevelle Lynvette Hallback|url=http://www.wban.org/biog/challback.htm|work=WBAN|accessdate=12 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905052501/http://www.wban.org/biog/challback.htm|archive-date=5 September 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hallback, ambaye anajulikana kwa jina la utani la "Ngumi ya Chuma" (Fists of Steel), ameonekana kwenye televisheni mara nyingi, ambapo akipambana na mabondia mashuhuri zaidi katika mchezo huo. Hallback ni miongoni mwa mabondia wa kike wanaotambulika zaidi duniani. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1971]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ehoif9d00t9476r96p7hb9ns6952tp9 Alliny Serrão 0 235672 1544273 2026-05-16T10:40:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alliny Sousa da Rocha Serrão''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Alliny Serrão''' (alizaliwa 11 Februari 1985), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo la [[Amapá]] tangu mwaka 2019, na aliweka historia mnamo mwaka 2023 kwa kuchaguliwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwa Rais wa Bunge la Jimbo la Amapá ALAP.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jornaldosmunicipiosap.com.br/noticia/deputada-alliny-serra...' 1544273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alliny Sousa da Rocha Serrão''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Alliny Serrão''' (alizaliwa 11 Februari 1985), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Jimbo la [[Amapá]] tangu mwaka 2019, na aliweka historia mnamo mwaka 2023 kwa kuchaguliwa kuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuwa Rais wa Bunge la Jimbo la Amapá ALAP.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jornaldosmunicipiosap.com.br/noticia/deputada-alliny-serrao-presidente-da-alap-se-destaca-no-cenario-politico-do-amapa|title=Deputada Alliny Serrão, presidente da ALAP, se destaca no cenário político do Amapá|work=Jornal Dos Municípios|date=7 Januari 2025|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.al.ap.leg.br/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Bunge la Jimbo la Amapá (ALAP)] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985||Serrao, Alliny}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ndcrzobuv2pdmeudzgoop57zo5dgnuf Wang Lianzheng 0 235673 1544274 2026-05-16T10:44:18Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Wang Lianzheng''' ( 15 Oktoba 1930 – 12 Desemba 2018) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] na mwanasiasa. Aliwahi kuwa Rais wa Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Makamu wa Gavana wa [Mkoa wa Heilongjiang, na Naibu Waziri wa Kilimo. Akiwa mtaalamu wa uboreshaji na jenetiki ya zao la soya, alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa kigeni wa Chuo cha Sayansi za Kilimo cha Urusi pamoja na National Academy of Agricultural Sciences ya Indi...' 1544274 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wang Lianzheng''' ( 15 Oktoba 1930 – 12 Desemba 2018) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] na mwanasiasa. Aliwahi kuwa Rais wa Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Makamu wa Gavana wa [Mkoa wa Heilongjiang, na Naibu Waziri wa Kilimo. Akiwa mtaalamu wa uboreshaji na jenetiki ya zao la soya, alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa kigeni wa Chuo cha Sayansi za Kilimo cha Urusi pamoja na National Academy of Agricultural Sciences ya India. == Maisha ya awali == Wang alizaliwa tarehe 15 Oktoba 1930 katika Haicheng, Liaoning, China.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=[http://naasindia.org/detail.php?id=269|title=Prof](http://naasindia.org/detail.php?id=269|title=Prof). Wang Lianzheng|publisher=Indian National Academy of Agricultural Sciences|access-date=21 January 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=[http://www.caas.net.cn/xwzx/yw/294886.html|title=中国农业科学院原院长王连铮同志逝世|date=14](http://www.caas.net.cn/xwzx/yw/294886.html|title=中国农业科学院原院长王连铮同志逝世|date=14) December 2018|publisher=Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences|access-date=20 January 2019}}</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu kutoka Northeast Agricultural University mwaka 1954,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=[http://www.caas.net.cn/zzjg/lryz/51133.html|title=第四任院长：王连铮|publisher=Chinese](http://www.caas.net.cn/zzjg/lryz/51133.html|title=第四任院长：王连铮|publisher=Chinese) Academy of Agricultural Sciences|access-date=20 January 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2018}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] 0xq21y517cy1daop857mxgobhxzyjwi 1544297 1544274 2026-05-16T11:55:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1544297 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wang Lianzheng''' ( 15 Oktoba 1930 – 12 Desemba 2018) alikuwa [[China|Mchina]] [[agronomia|mtaalamu wa kilimo]] na mwanasiasa. Aliwahi kuwa Rais wa Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Makamu wa Gavana wa [Mkoa wa Heilongjiang, na Naibu Waziri wa Kilimo. Akiwa mtaalamu wa uboreshaji na jenetiki ya zao la soya, alichaguliwa kuwa mwanachama wa kigeni wa Chuo cha Sayansi za Kilimo cha Urusi pamoja na National Academy of Agricultural Sciences ya India. == Maisha ya awali == Wang alizaliwa tarehe 15 Oktoba 1930 katika Haicheng, Liaoning, China.<ref name=":3">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://naasindia.org/detail.php?id=269|title=Prof](http://naasindia.org/detail.php?id=269|title=Prof). Wang Lianzheng|publisher=Indian National Academy of Agricultural Sciences|access-date=21 January 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.caas.net.cn/xwzx/yw/294886.html|title=中国农业科学院原院长王连铮同志逝世|date=14](http://www.caas.net.cn/xwzx/yw/294886.html|title=中国农业科学院原院长王连铮同志逝世|date=14) December 2018|publisher=Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences|access-date=20 January 2019}}</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu kutoka Northeast Agricultural University mwaka 1954,<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.caas.net.cn/zzjg/lryz/51133.html|title=第四任院长：王连铮|publisher=Chinese](http://www.caas.net.cn/zzjg/lryz/51133.html|title=第四任院长：王连铮|publisher=Chinese) Academy of Agricultural Sciences|access-date=20 January 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1930|2018}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] df2mkwbg8mhv7zn2pg8ae344579j73y Alê Silva 0 235674 1544275 2026-05-16T10:45:04Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alessandra Silva Ribeiro''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Alê Silva''' (alizaliwa 4 Julai 1974), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deputada Federal Alê Silva |url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204545 |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Marejeo...' 1544275 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alessandra Silva Ribeiro''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Alê Silva''' (alizaliwa 4 Julai 1974), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]]. Alifanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Minas Gerais]] kuanzia mwaka 2019 hadi 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deputada Federal Alê Silva |url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204545 |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=Portal da Câmara dos Deputados |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/204545 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1974||Silva, Ale}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] aqisfcvnq6palo7ol84421rtt4sw0kv Benedita da Silva 0 235675 1544276 2026-05-16T10:49:07Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Benedita Souza da Silva Sampaio''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Benedita da Silva''' (alizaliwa 26 Aprili 1942), ni mwanaharakati wa haki za raia na mwanasiasa mkongwe wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/73701 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942||Silva, Benedita da}} Jamii:Wanasiasa...' 1544276 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Benedita Souza da Silva Sampaio''', anajulikana zaidi kama '''Benedita da Silva''' (alizaliwa 26 Aprili 1942), ni mwanaharakati wa haki za raia na mwanasiasa mkongwe wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] PT. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/73701 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1942||Silva, Benedita da}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ch5lyxbhylf7ln43360k28w0s7ic0aj Gisela Simona 0 235676 1544277 2026-05-16T10:52:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gisela Simona Viana de Souza''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Gisela Simona''' (alizaliwa 28 Aprili 1977), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Mato Grosso]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/226179/biografia|title=Gisela Simona – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</re...' 1544277 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gisela Simona Viana de Souza''', anajulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Gisela Simona''' (alizaliwa 28 Aprili 1977), ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[União Brasil]]. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho (federal deputy) akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Mato Grosso]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/226179/biografia|title=Gisela Simona – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/226179 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Simona, Gisela}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rarbat7sr777o9i0orgzhn5zwa1w9d6 Shen Kuo 0 235677 1544278 2026-05-16T10:53:50Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shen Kuo'''(1031–1095) au '''Shen Gua''', akiwa na jina la heshima '''Cunzhong''' na jina la kisanaa '''Mengqi''' (sasa mara nyingi huandikwa '''Mengxi''') '''Weng''' <ref name="yao 2003 544">{{harvnb|Yao|2003|p=544}}</ref> alikuwa mwanafalsafa mwenye taaluma nyingi, mwanasayansi na mwanasiasa wa [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] katika Nasaba ya Song ya Kaskazini. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1031|1095}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]]' 1544278 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shen Kuo'''(1031–1095) au '''Shen Gua''', akiwa na jina la heshima '''Cunzhong''' na jina la kisanaa '''Mengqi''' (sasa mara nyingi huandikwa '''Mengxi''') '''Weng''' <ref name="yao 2003 544">{{harvnb|Yao|2003|p=544}}</ref> alikuwa mwanafalsafa mwenye taaluma nyingi, mwanasayansi na mwanasiasa wa [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] katika Nasaba ya Song ya Kaskazini. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1031|1095}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] 5ebossr3pkgxypogst5vargv9ua3jvh Andreia Siqueira 0 235678 1544279 2026-05-16T10:56:10Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Andreia Brito de Gonçalves Siqueira''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Andreia Siqueira''' (alizaliwa 19 Agosti 1991), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|Movimento Democrático Brasileiro]] MDB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pará]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220676/biografia|title=Andreia Siqueira – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|la...' 1544279 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andreia Brito de Gonçalves Siqueira''', anayejulikana zaidi kisiasa kama '''Andreia Siqueira''' (alizaliwa 19 Agosti 1991), ni mwanasiasa wa [[Brazil]] kutoka chama cha [[MDB (Brazil)|Movimento Democrático Brasileiro]] MDB. Anafanya kazi kama Mbunge wa Shirikisho akiwakilisha jimbo la [[Pará]] tangu mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220676/biografia|title=Andreia Siqueira – Biografia|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.camara.leg.br/deputados/220676 Wasifu rasmi katika Baraza la Manaibu la Brazil] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991||Siqueira, Andreia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Brazil]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] goer9t7a7rrwpema1k5akba5uvghr3p Slaheddine Malouche 0 235679 1544280 2026-05-16T11:07:36Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544280 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Slaheddine Malouch''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Vifaa, Makazi na Maendeleo ya Ardhi nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bfwge16d1c2xd9np1vtl9i1ph03onoi 1544286 1544280 2026-05-16T11:20:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544286 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Slaheddine Malouch''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Vifaa, Makazi na Maendeleo ya Ardhi nchini Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tunisia — Central Intelligence Agency|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tunisia.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1956]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tm384oga89t98e4si4z6c1w15rm1f1g Seifeddine Makhlouf 0 235680 1544282 2026-05-16T11:11:37Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seifeddine Makhlouf''' (Kiarabu: سيف الدين مخلوف; amezaliwa 12 Agosti 1975) ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographie de Seifeddine Makhlouf, candidat à la présidentielle anticipée de 2019|url=https://kapitalis.com/tunisie/2019/09/10/biographie-de-seifeddine-makhlouf-candidat-a-la-presidentielle-anticipee-de-2019/|work=Kapitalis|date=2019-09-10|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=fr-FR|author=Amina Mkada}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} ciudjm7py3ligg3c4pwk4fti0txjpkl 1544283 1544282 2026-05-16T11:12:30Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544283 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seifeddine Makhlouf''' (Kiarabu: سيف الدين مخلوف; amezaliwa 12 Agosti 1975) ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biographie de Seifeddine Makhlouf, candidat à la présidentielle anticipée de 2019|url=https://kapitalis.com/tunisie/2019/09/10/biographie-de-seifeddine-makhlouf-candidat-a-la-presidentielle-anticipee-de-2019/|work=Kapitalis|date=2019-09-10|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=fr-FR|author=Amina Mkada}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6vmadjozimx2mvjlgdoy7lk2ehj3g2y 1544284 1544283 2026-05-16T11:12:57Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1544284 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seifeddine Makhlouf''' (Kiarabu: سيف الدين مخلوف; amezaliwa 12 Agosti 1975) ni [[mwanasheria]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Tunisia.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Biographie de Seifeddine Makhlouf, candidat à la présidentielle anticipée de 2019|url=https://kapitalis.com/tunisie/2019/09/10/biographie-de-seifeddine-makhlouf-candidat-a-la-presidentielle-anticipee-de-2019/|work=Kapitalis|date=2019-09-10|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=fr-FR|author=Amina Mkada}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f9fqlv5o283gmo1ofvhm8s5shtyq1vj Hédi Majdoub 0 235681 1544285 2026-05-16T11:17:23Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544285 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hédi Majdoub''' (amezaliwa 1 Desemba 1969)[1] ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani katika serikali ya Waziri Mkuu Youssef Chahed.<ref>{{Citation|title=Biographie de Hédi Majdoub, ministre de l'Intérieur|url=https://www.businessnews.com.tn/biographie-de-hedi-majdoub-ministre-de-linterieur,525,61512,3|work=www.businessnews.com.tn|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] os52to81gpz7ldpvjeleiiw70c91zy6 Mahamat Ali Adoum 0 235682 1544290 2026-05-16T11:31:37Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahamat Ali Adoum''' (amezaliwa 14 Novemba 1947)[1] ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Chad. Tangu mwaka 2014, amekuwa Balozi wa Chad nchini Canada. Hapo awali aliwakilisha nchi yake katika European Community, United States, na United Nations pamoja na nyadhifa nyingine mbalimbali. Kuanzia 1992 hadi 1993, pia alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Chad.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahamat Ali-Adoum - Counsel|url=https://jusconnect.com/en/p/mahamat-ali-adoum|work=Jus Mundi|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en|author=https://jusconnect.com/en/p/mahamat-ali-adoum}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1947]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2jy9omm1m8ay6lv75co8l5vby6y1a88 Jacqui Frazier-Lyde 0 235683 1544292 2026-05-16T11:41:12Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox_Person | jina = Jacqui Frazier-Lyde | picha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = Jacqueline Frazier | jina_la_utani = Sister Smoke | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1961|12|2}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Beaufort, South Carolina, Marekani | utaifa = Marekani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Kati Mkubwa *Uzani wa Kati Mzito *Uzani Mzito }} | urefu = mita 1.75...' 1544292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Jacqui Frazier-Lyde | picha = | maelezo_ya_picha = | jina_halisi = Jacqueline Frazier | jina_la_utani = Sister Smoke | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1961|12|2}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Beaufort, South Carolina, Marekani | utaifa = Marekani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Kati Mkubwa *Uzani wa Kati Mzito *Uzani Mzito }} | urefu = mita 1.75 | mikono = mita 1.75 | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | jumla = 15 | ushindi = 13 | KO = 9 | kupoteza = 1 | sare = 0 | hakuna mashindano = 1 }} '''Jacqueline''' "'''Jacqui'''" '''Frazier-Lyde''' (alizaliwa 2 Desemba 1961) ni [[mwanasheria]] wa [[Marekani]] na bondia wa zamani wa ngumi za kulipwa. Yeye ni binti wa bingwa wa zamani wa dunia wa ngumi katika uzito wa juu, '''Joe Frazier'''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://articles.philly.com/2001-12-06/sports/25308132_1_jacqui-frazier-lyde-sister-smoke-laila-ali | title=Like ring father, like daughter: The story of Jacqui Frazier-Lyde | date=6 December 2001 | newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] | accessdate=3 March 2024}}</ref> Mnamo Januari 2000, akiwa na umri wa miaka 38, Frazier alitangaza kuwa angeanza kushiriki katika mchezo wa ngumi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://a.espncdn.com/boxing/columns/graham/343466.html |title=ESPN.com: BOXING - Women's boxing becoming a real joke |website=A.espncdn.com |accessdate=2016-02-15}}</ref> Frazier-Lyde alijumuishwa katika Ukumbi wa makumbusho wa Mabondia wa Kike wa Kimataifa mnamo mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.maxboxing.com/news/news/iwbhf-celebrates-10-years|title=IWBHF celebrates 10 years|publisher=maxboxing.com|accessdate=30 December 2024}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Frazier alizaliwa katika mji wa [[Beaufort West|Beaufort]],kwenye jimbo la [[Carolina Kusini|South Carolina]] nchini [[Marekani]], mnamo 2 Desemba 1961, akiwa binti wa bingwa wa zamani wa ngumi wa uzito wa juu, [[Joe Frazier]]. Baadaye alihamia kaunti ya Montgomery,kwenye jimbo la [[Pennsylvania]], ambapo alisoma katika Shule ya Upili ya Plymouth-Whitemarsh. Akiwa shuleni, alikuwa mwanamichezo aliyeshiriki michezo ya mpira wa laini (softball), mpira wa kikapu, lakrosi (lacrosse), na hoki. Frazier alipata ufadhili wa masomo katika Chuo Kikuu cha Marekani huko [[Washington D.C.]], ambapo alicheza mpira wa kikapu na kusomea mambo ya sheria na haki za jinai . Frazier alitunukiwa Shahada ya Uzamivu wa Sheria katika Shule ya Sheria ya Chuo Kikuu cha Villanova kilichopo katika kitongoji cha Villanova,huko Pennsylvania. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1961]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pwx1zoxqmzh8jlgg5kx0gv04og7exxe Bilal Ag Acherif 0 235684 1544293 2026-05-16T11:41:44Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544293 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bilal Ag Acherif''' (amezaliwa 1977) ni kiongozi wa kijeshi wa Kituareg kutoka [[Mali]]. Tangu mwaka 2024, amekuwa mmoja wa viongozi wakuu wa Azawad Liberation Front (FLA). Hapo awali alikuwa katibu mkuu wa National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) kuanzia 2011 hadi 2024, wakati MNLA ilipounganishwa na FLA.<ref>{{Citation|last=Press|first=Associated|title=Mali's Tuareg rebels declare independence|date=2012-04-06|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/apr/06/mali-tuareg-rebels-declare-independence|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-05-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sic3mozx6ujxna2iwdoum0980kqkc2t Mahmoud Ag Aghaly 0 235685 1544295 2026-05-16T11:49:32Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544295 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmoud Ag Aghaly''' (jina lake la mwisho pia huandikwa Ghaly au Ghali) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Azawad. Aliwahi kuwa rais wa ofisi ya kisiasa ya National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) na pia rais wa kamati ya utendaji iliyokuwa ikiongoza dola iliyojitangaza ya Azawad kuanzia 6 Aprili 2012.[2] Muhula wake ulimalizika tarehe 15 Juni 2012, na nafasi yake ikachukuliwa na Bilal Ag Acherif.[3] Kabala ya kuingia kwenye siasa, Aghaly alikuwa mwalimu na mfanyabiashara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=northafricaunited - Promising insurance|url=https://northafricaunited.com/|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a9uodsj5hengyouwqzyr5di61b6geyj Mia St. John 0 235686 1544296 2026-05-16T11:54:41Z Bycashtz 81318 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox_Person | jina = Mia St. John | picha = Mia St John 1.jpg | maelezo_ya_picha = Mia St. John mwaka 2005 | jina_halisi = Mia Rosales | jina_la_utani = The Knockout | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1967|6|24}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = San Francisco, California, Marekani | utaifa = Marekani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Kati *Uzani wa Kati Mwepesi *Uzani Mwepesi *Uzani wa Ma...' 1544296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Mia St. John | picha = Mia St John 1.jpg | maelezo_ya_picha = Mia St. John mwaka 2005 | jina_halisi = Mia Rosales | jina_la_utani = The Knockout | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1967|6|24}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = San Francisco, California, Marekani | utaifa = Marekani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Kati *Uzani wa Kati Mwepesi *Uzani Mwepesi *Uzani wa Manyoya Mkubwa *Uzani wa Manyoya }} | urefu = futi 5 inchi 6 | mikono = inchi 66 na nusu | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | jumla = 65 | ushindi = 49 | KO = 19 | kupoteza = 14 | sare = 2 | hakuna mashindano = 0 }} '''Mia Rosales St. John''' (alizaliwa Juni 24, 1967) ni bondia wa zamani wa ngumi za kulipwa wa [[Marekani]] na alikuwa bingwa wa Baraza la Ngumi la Dunia (WBC) katika Uzito wa welter wa juu .<ref name="wbcboxing">{{cite web|url=http://wbcboxing.com/WBCFEMALE/index.php/ratings.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104010106/http://wbcboxing.com/WBCFEMALE/index.php/ratings.html |archivedate=January 4, 2013 |url-status=dead |title=Ratings |accessdate=April 5, 2014 }}</ref> Pia ni bingwa wa mashirikisho ya IBA na IFBA katika [[uzito wa kuringana|uzito wa wepesi]] (lightweight).<ref name="saddoboxing">{{cite web|url=http://www.saddoboxing.com/8596-mia-st-john-mexico.html|title=Women's Boxing Star Mia St. John To Be Honored In Mexico|publisher=saddoboxing.com|accessdate=April 5, 2014}}</ref> Aidha, yeye ni [[mwanamitindo]], [[mfanyabiashara]], na bingwa wa mchezo wa [[taekwondo]].<ref name="doghouseboxing">{{cite web|url=http://www.doghouseboxing.com/Chee/Chee0519ii11.htm|title=Mia St. John "A Night of Knockouts" Affair This Friday in Los Angeles – Boxing News – Doghouse Boxing|publisher=doghouseboxing.com|accessdate=April 5, 2014}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == St. John ni Mmarekani mwenye asili ya [[Meksiko]] ambaye mizizi ya familia yake inatokea kwenye mji wa [[Zacatecas]],nchini Meksiko. Alizaliwa mjini [[San Francisco]], [[California]]. Alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la California,kitongoji cha Northridge nchini [[Marekani]], ambapo alitunukiwa shahada ya saikolojia. Alipokuwa mwanafunzi, alikuwa na rekodi ya ushindi mara 27 na kupoteza mara 1 katika mchezo wa taekwondo, alitunukiwa mkanda mweusi, na alifanya kazi kama mwanamitindo ili kugharamia elimu yake.<ref name="nochelatina">{{cite web| url= http://www.nochelatina.com/Articles/3712/QandA-Sessions-Mia-St-John| title= Q&A Sessions: Mia St. John| work= nochelatina.com|accessdate= April 5, 2014}}</ref> Aliolewa na mwigizaji [[Kristoff St. John]]. Walipata watoto wawili, mtoto wa kiume Julian (1989–2014) na binti aitwaye Paris. Ndoa yao iliishia kwa talaka. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1967]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3ymbypbubcn8i12dfipmyuvlbw01iov Sangaré Niamoto Ba 0 235687 1544298 2026-05-16T11:55:41Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1544298 wikitext text/x-wiki '''angaré Niamoto Ba''' (amezaliwa 22 Aprili 1955) ni mwanasiasa na waziri wa zamani wa Mali.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wto.org/library/photo_gallery/popup_photo_e.htm?year=2011&id=1287&section=2|work=www.wto.org|accessdate=2026-05-16}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lx9qysizm0zyby7963mipvcfjippalq