Wikipedia swwiki https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanzo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Maalum Majadiliano Mtumiaji Majadiliano ya mtumiaji Wikipedia Majadiliano ya Wikipedia Faili Majadiliano ya faili MediaWiki Majadiliano ya MediaWiki Kigezo Majadiliano ya kigezo Msaada Majadiliano ya msaada Jamii Majadiliano ya jamii Lango Majadiliano ya lango Wikichanzo Majadiliano ya Wikichanzo TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 889 1548022 1500350 2026-05-22T03:59:33Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 1548022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la dini | jina = Uislamu | jina_la_asili = الإسلام (Al-Islām) | picha = Star and Crescent.svg | maelezo_ya_picha = Hilali na Nyota, ishara ya Uislamu | uainishaji = ya Ibrahimu | maandiko = [[Qur'an]] </br> [[Hadith]] | teolojia = Mungu mmoja ([[Allah]]) | eneo = Duniani kote, hasa [[Mashariki ya Kati]], [[Asia ya Kusini]], [[Afrika Kaskazini]] | lugha = [[Kiarabu]] cha Qur'an | mwaasisi = [[Mtume Muhammad]] | asili = [[Karne ya 7]] BK, [[Arabia]] | ibada = Sala, Saumu, Zaka, Hija, Shahada | wafuasi = Bilioni 1.9<ref>{{Cite Web|title=Watu kulingana na Dini|author=Pew Research|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/feature/religious-composition-by-country-2010-2050/|accessdate=2025-02-18|lang=en}}</ref> }} [[Picha:Kaaba_Mirror_like.jpg|thumbnail|right|200pax|Kaaba ni [[kibla]] ya Waislamu wote duniani wakati wa [[swala]].]] '''Uislamu''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: الإسلام ''Al-Islām'') ni [[dini]] inayotokana na mafunzo ya [[Mtume]] [[Muhammad]]. Wafuasi wa [[imani]] hiyo huitwa "Waislamu" na wanakadiriwa kuwa [[milioni]] 1,800 hivi. Hivyo ni dini ya pili [[duniani]] yenye wafuasi wengi baada ya [[Ukristo]] wenye wafuasi milioni 2,400. Uislamu ni ile imani kuwa [[muumba]] ni mmoja tu kwa dhati na sifa zake. [[Nguzo]] nyingine za imani zinajengwa juu ya imani ya [[Mungu]] mmoja wa kweli, imani juu ya [[maisha]] baada ya [[kifo]], imani juu ya [[Malaika]] wa Mungu, [[vitabu]] vyake na [[kudra]] na tafsiri ya vitendo ya imani hii ni: [[Sala]], [[Zakat|Zakah]], [[Saumu]] na [[Hija]]. == Imani na kitabu chake == Imani katika Uislamu ni kumwamini [[Mungu]] mmoja tu peke yake anayeitwa [[Allah]], ambaye hajazaa wala hajazaliwa na hafanani na yeyote yule. Kitabu kitakatifu cha Waislam ni [[Qur'an]] ambayo inaaminiwa ilifunuliwa kwa Mtume Muhammad kutoka kwa Mwenyezi Mungu mbinguni kupitia [[malaika]] [[Jibrili]]; ni kawaida kusema Qurani "iliteremshwa" kwa Muhammad. Kwa imani hiyo, kabla yake walioteremshiwa kitabu ni [[Musa]] ([[Torati]]), [[Daudi]] ([[Zaburi]]) na [[Isa]] ([[Injili]]). Pamoja na Qurani kuna mafundisho ya [[Sunna]] na [[Hadith]] ambayo ni maneno ya mtume Muhammad na masimulizi juu ya matendo yake ambayo pengine hutazamiwa kama mwongozo katika Uislamu. Qurani inasisitiza kwamba Allah hana mshirika, hana baba wala mwana, hakuzaa wala hakuzaliwa, na hana mwanzo wala mwisho. Pamoja na amri mbalimbali kuna mfumo wa sheria za kidini zinazoitwa kwa jumla "[[sharia]]"; inajumlisha maagizo kuhusu mambo mengi ya maisha ya kila siku, [[uchumi]] na [[siasa]]. == Historia ya chanzo cha Uislamu == [[Muhammad]] alizaliwa mnamo mwaka [[570]] [[BK]] kama mtoto wa mfanyabiashara mjini [[Maka]] uliopo kwenye [[Bara Arabu]]. Kufuatana na mapokeo ya Kiislamu malaika Jibril alimtokea alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 40 yaani mnamo mwaka [[610]]. Kutoka kwa malaika alipokea maneno ya Kurani na [[ufunuo]] huu uliendelea hadi mwisho wa maisha yake. Mtume alitangaza yale aliyosikia kwa wafuasi wake na maneno haya yalianza kukusanywa tayari wakati wa maisha ya mtume. Baada ya kifo chake mwaka 632 [[khalifa]] wa tatu [[Uthman ibn Affan]] alikusanya muswada na kumbukumbu zote na kuziweka pamoja na kuwa kitabu kamili. Ujumbe uliohubiriwa na Muhammad huko Maka ulipata wasikilizaji wachache, lakini viongozi wengi wa [[Quraishi|Kikuraishi]], waliokuwa kabila kubwa Maka, waliwaona kama hatari kwa Maka na mwaka [[622]] Waislamu walipaswa kutoka Maka wakahamia [[Yathrib]] mji wa jirani uliojulikana baadaye kama Madina. Uhamisho huu unaitwa [[hijra]] na tangu khalifa wa pili [[Umar ibn al-Khattab]] huhesabiwa kuwa ni chanzo cha [[kalenda ya Kiislamu]]. Mjini Yathrib mtume aliendelea kuwa kiongozi wa kisiasa na wa kijeshi. Alifanya mapatano na watu wa Yathrib iliyoitwa baadaye "madinat an-nabi"" ikajulikana kwa kifupi kama [[Madina]]. Kutoka Madina mtume alianza kushambulia misafara ya watu wa Maka akawashinda mara kadhaa. Wakati huohuo aliwafukuza [[Wayahudi]] wa Yathrib. Mwaka 628 viongozi wa Maka walilazimishwa kufanya mapatano na Waislamu na mwaka 630 jeshi la Waislamu liliingia mjini Maka. Mtume alipoaga dunia mwaka 632 sehemu kubwa ya Bara Arabu ilikuwa chini ya Uislamu tayari. == Mafunzo ya Uislamu == Uislamu unawafunza wafuasi wake mambo mengi yanayohusiana na maisha, ikiwa yale yanayohusu [[ibada]] kama Sala, Zakat, Saumu na Hija; ambazo pamoja na kauli ya [[Shahada]] ("Nakiri kwa moyo na kubaini kwa ulimi kwamba hakuna Mola apasaye kuabudiwa kwa haki ila Allah na Muhammad ni Mtume wake") huitwa nguzo za Uislamu au yale yanayohusu maingiliano baina ya wanadamu, yakiwa maingiliano ya kijamii kama [[ndoa]] na [[talaka]] na [[ujirani mwema]], au ya kiuchumi kama [[biashara]], au ya kisiasa kama kawaida za kumchagua kiongozi wa [[dola]], au ya uhusiano baina ya mataifa mbali mbali ulimwenguni. Waislamu wanatazama Uislamu kuwa mfumo kamili wa maisha ya [[binadamu]], kiimani, kimaisha, kisiasa, kijamii na kiuchumi. == Ibada katika Uislamu == Ibada katika Uislamu ni vile vitendo ambavyo Muislamu anamfanyia Mwenyezi Mungu peke yake, kwani ibada yoyote haitakikani iwe na ushirikina ndani yake, na wakati itakapokuweko aina yoyote ya shirki basi ibada ile inakuwa haina maana wala thawabu wala ujira wowote, ni kazi ya bure. Kwa hiyo, kila Muislamu anatakikana wakati anapofanya ibada yake afanye kwa ajili ya Mola wake aliyemuumba akampa kila aina ya [[neema]] na kumtukuza kuliko viumbe vingine vyovyote, kwa kumpa [[akili]], [[fahamu]] na [[elimu]]. == Nguzo tano za Uislamu == {{Main|Nguzo tano za Uislamu}} [[Picha:Nguzo tano za Uislamu.png|thumb]] Kuna matendo kadhaa ambazo zinaitwa "[[Nguzo tano za Uislamu|Nguzo za Uislamu]]". Kwa kawaida ni tano zinazofundishwa katika [[madhehebu]] ya [[Wasunni]] jinsi inavyoonyeshwa hapo chini. [[Washia]] hawahesabu shahada kati ya nguzo tano wakiona shahada pamoja na imani ya Kiislamu ni msingi kwa nguzo tano halafu wanaongeza "wilayat" yaani kukubali uongozi wa Maimamu kama nguzo ya tano. # ''[[Shahada]]'': (Kiarabu: الشهادة) Nguzo ya kwanza katika Uislamu hujumuisha kutoa kauli mbili: ''Hakuna Mola apasaye Kuabudiwa ila Allah na Muhammad ni Mtume wake''. Kauli hizo hutolewa pale mwanadamu anapoingia Uislamu. # ''[[Salat]]'': (Kiarabu: صلاة‎) ni [[sala]] inayofuata utaratibu maalumu mara tano kila siku: Asubuhi, mchana, alasiri, jioni na usiku. Kabla ya kuingia katika ibada hii Mwislamu anapaswa kufanya [[wudhu]] ambayo ni tendo la kutakasa mwili kwa maji au -kama hakuna- kwa kutumia vumbi badala yake. Salat ina maneno yake na pia namna ya kusimama au kujinama. Salat hii ni tofauti na [[dua]] (دعاء) au sala ya kuomba kwa hiari. # ''[[Zakat]]'': (Kiarabu: زكاة‎‎) Nguzo ya tatu ya Uislamu nayo ni ibada inayomuelekeza Mwislamu kuwaangalia Waislamu wenzake kwa hali na mali, na kushughulikia mahitaji yao ya maisha, kwa kutoa fungu la mali yake asilimia 2.5 kila mwaka kwa mwenye uwezo na kuwapa wale walio maskini na wasiojiweza ili nao waweze kuishi vizuri. # Funga/[[Saumu]]: (Kiarabu: صوم) Wakati wa mwezi [[Ramadani]] kila Mwislamu anapaswa kufunga chakula na kinywaji chote kuanzia asubuhi hadi jioni. Watoto na wagonjwa hawapaswi kutekeleza wajibu huu. Waislamu wanaona maana ya ibada hii kumkurubisha Mwislamu na Mola wake na kumfanya amche na kumuogopa zaidi, kwani saumu humsaidia Mwislamu kufahamu shida na taabu ambazo wale wasiokuwa na uwezo wanazipata wakiwa na njaa na hawana cha kukila, na kwa hivyo, huingiwa na huruma na kuwa na moyo wa kutaka kuwasaidia na kuwaondoshea shida hizo. # ''[[Hajj]]'' (Kiarabu: الحجّ ''alhajj''): Kila Mwislamu mwenye uwezo anatakiwa kwenda hijja [[Maka]] mara moja katika maisha yake wakati wa mwezi Dhul-Hija. Nguzo hii inawapa fursa Waislamu ulimwenguni kukutana na wenzao na kujua hali zao na kupata nafasi ya kuomba maghfira na msamaha kwa madhambi yao katika mkutano mkubwa kabisa wa wanadamu ulimwenguni. == Maingiliano katika Uislamu == Uislamu umeweka kawaida mbali mbali katika maisha wakati watu wanataka kuweka uhusiano fulani baina yao ili mambo yaende vizuri na uhusiano uzidi kuwa mwema baina yao. Katika maingiliano yaliyowekewa kawaida na nidhamu katika Uislamu ni mambo yanayohusu: # Nikaha au ndoa baina ya Waislamu # Biashara na mambo yanayohusu uchumi # Uhusiano wa kijamii baina ya watu katika mtaa au kijiji au mji au nchi # Uhusiano wa kimataifa baina ya madola mbali mbali, yakiwa ya kiislamu au yasiyokuwa ya kiislamu. == Vikundi na madhehebu == Kuna mielekeo mikubwa miwili ndani ya Uislamu ambayo ni vikundi vya [[Wasunni]] 85-90% na [[Washia]] 10-15%. Kundi kubwa ni Wasunni waliopata jina kutokana na Sunna ("kawaida") ya mtume; takriban asilimia 85-90 ya Waislamu wote huhesabiwa humo. Kati yao kuna madhehebu 4 ambao ni Hanafi, Maliki, Hanbali na Shafii. Tofauti katika mafundisho si kubwa, zinahusu hasa [[sharia]] na [[fikh]]. Kundi dogo zaidi ni Washia ambao wamegawanyika kati yao katika vikundi vingi. Washia walijitenga na Wasunni baada ya makhalifa wanne wa kwanza kuhusu swali ni nani anayefaa kuongoza Waislamu. Washia ni wale waliosisitiza sharti awe mtu kutoka ukoo wa Muhammad kupitia binti yake [[Fatima]]. Vikundi vya Washia vinatofautiana juu ya viongozi hawa. Jumuiya kubwa ya Washia ni [[Ithnashara]] walio wengi huko [[Uajemi]], [[Irak]] na [[Lebanoni]]. == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.quranitukufu.net/ Qurani Tukufu] {{Wayback|url=http://www.quranitukufu.net/ |date=20211222151118 }} - Qurani Tukufu * http://www.islamhouse.com * [http://mawaidha.info/ tovuti ya Uislam] {{Wayback|url=http://mawaidha.info/ |date=20150928094758 }} - Mawaidha *[http://www.alhidaaya.com/sw/ Alhidaaya] - Tovuti ya Kiislamu *[https://islamopas.com/swa/Vitabu.html Makasisi Waingia Uislamu] *[https://islamopas.com/swa/Vitabu.html Mazungumzo ya Mwislamu na Mkristo] * ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-dini}} [[Jamii:Uislamu| ]] [[Jamii:Dini]] [[Jamii:Dini za Abrahamu]] ba010makpqaefbn9e8nwznfzjeyxl3f 0 1201 1548274 1497267 2026-05-22T11:35:35Z Gotitbro 35490 /* */ needless, a better one is there in the ib 1548274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|India|Bahari|Bahari ya Hindi}} {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Uhindi | jina_asili = भारत गणराज्य (Bhārat Gaṇarājya) | bendera = Flag of India.svg | nembo = Emblem of India.svg | kaulimbiu = "सत्यमेव जयते" (Satyameva Jayate) – "Ukweli huushinda daima" | wimbo_wa_taifa = "Jana Gana Mana" | wimbo_wa_kitaifa = "Vande Mataram" | ramani = India (orthographic projection).svg | maelezo_ramani = Mahali pa Uhindi duniani | mji_mkuu = [[New Delhi]] | mji_mkubwa = [[Mumbai]] | serikali = Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Shirikisho | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | kiongozi1 = [[Droupadi Murmu]] | kiongozi2 = [[Narendra Modi]] | bunge = Bunge la Uhindi | muundo_uhuru = '''Uhuru kutoka Uingereza''' | tukio1 = Uhuru | tukio2 = Jamhuri | tukio1_tarehe = 15 Agosti 1947 | tukio2_tarehe = 26 Januari 1950 | eneo_jumla = 3,287,263 km² | cheo_eneo = 7 | maji = 9.6% | watu_kadirio = 1,428,627,663 | mwaka_kadirio = 2023 | cheo_watu = 1 | watu_sensa = 1,210,854,977 | mwaka_sensa = 2011 | msongamano = 429/km² | cheo_msongamano = 30 | mwaka_pato = 2025 | plt_ppp = {{increase}} $17.36 trilioni | cheo_plt_ppp = 3 | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $11,940 | cheo_plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = 119 | plt = {{increase}} $4.27 trilioni | cheo_plt = 5 | pato_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $2,940 | cheo_pato_kwa_mtu = 138 | maendeleo = {{increase}} 0.644 – {{katikati}} | mwaka_maendeleo = 2022 | cheo_maendeleo = 134 | gini = {{decrease}} 32.8 | mwaka_gini = 2021 | fedha = Rupia ya Uhindi (₹) (INR) | majira_saa = +5:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | mfumo_tarehe = dd-mm-yyyy | upande_gari = Kushoto | tld = .in | msimbo_simu = +91 }} '''Uhindi''' , pia '''India''' rasmi kama '''Jamhuri ya Uhindi''', ni [[nchi]] katika [[Asia ya Kusini]], na ni nchi ya saba kwa ukubwa duniani kwa eneo. Inapakana na [[Pakistan]] magharibi, [[China]], [[Nepal]], na [[Bhutan]] kaskazini, [[Bangladesh]] na [[Myanmar]] mashariki, na imezungukwa na [[Bahari ya Hindi]] kusini. Ina idadi ya watu takriban bilioni 1.428, ikiwa ya kwanza duniani. Jiji lake kubwa zaidi ni [[Mumbai]], huku mji mkuu ukiwa [[New Delhi]]. India imegawanyika katika majimbo 28 na maeneo 8 ya muungano. Inajulikana kwa historia yake tajiri ya ustaarabu wa kale kama Indus Valley pamoja na urithi wake wa kihistoria kama Taj Mahal na mfumo wa kidemokrasia mkubwa zaidi duniani.Uhindi ina eneo la kilomita za mraba 3,287,263 na kuwa nchi ya saba duniani kubwa. Uhindi ina mazingira yenye utofauti mkubwa wa [[utamaduni|kitamaduni]], [[lugha]], na [[dini]], ikiwa na zaidi ya lugha 22 zinazotambuliwa rasmi na mamia ya lahaja zinazozungumzwa kote nchini. [[Uhindu]] ni dini kuu nchini humo, ikifuatiwa na [[Uislamu]], [[Ukristo]], Usikh, [[Ubudha]], na [[Ujaini]], zote zikiwa na mizizi ya [[historia|kihistoria]] iliyojaa katika eneo hilo. Katiba ya Uhindi, iliyopitishwa mwaka 1950, iliiweka nchi hiyo kama jamhuri huru, ya kijamaa, isiyoegemea dini, na ya kidemokrasia. India inaendeshwa kwa mfumo wa bunge, ikiwa na [[Rais]] kama mkuu wa nchi na Waziri Mkuu kama mkuu wa serikali. Mfumo wake wa kidemokrasia, wenye uchaguzi wa mara kwa mara na mfumo wa vyama vingi, ni miongoni mwa mikubwa na changamano zaidi duniani. [[Uchumi]] wa Uhindi ni wa mchanganyiko na unachukuliwa kuwa miongoni mwa mikubwa duniani kwa pato la taifa (Kawaida) na kwa usawa wa nguvu ya ununuzi (purchasing power parity). Sekta muhimu ni pamoja na teknolojia ya habari, [[huduma]], kilimo, uzalishaji viwandani, na dawa. Katika miongo ya hivi karibuni, Uhindi imepata ukuaji wa haraka wa [[uchumi|kiuchumi]], uhamiaji wa watu mijini, na maendeleo ya kiteknolojia, hasa katika maeneo yake makubwa ya miji. Licha ya maendeleo hayo, nchi bado inakumbwa na changamoto kama vile [[umaskini]], [[ukosefu wa usawa]], uharibifu wa mazingira, na upatikanaji wa huduma za afya na elimu. Uhindi pia ni mshiriki muhimu katika masuala ya kimataifa, ikiwa mwanachama wa mashirika kama [[Umoja wa Mataifa]], G20, BRICS, na [[Jumuiya ya Madola]]. == Historia == ===Historia ya awali=== [[Binadamu]] walifika India kutoka [[Afrika]] kabla ya miaka 55,000 iliyopita. Uwepo wao wa muda mrefu, kwanza kama [[wawindaji-wakusanyaji]] waliozagaa [[Bara|barani]], umefanya watu wa eneo hilo wawe na tofauti kubwa kati yao upande wa [[DNA|urithi wa kibiolojia]], ambayo inapitwa na Waafrika tu. Makazi ya kudumu yalianza [[magharibi]], katika [[beseni]] la [[mto Indus]], miaka 9,000 iliyopita, hata kuzaa [[ustaarabu]] maalumu (Indus Valley Civilisation) katika [[milenia ya 3 KK]]. ===Kabla ya ukoloni=== Kufikia [[mwaka]] [[1200 KK]], [[Kisanskrit cha Kale]], mojawapo kati ya [[lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya]], kilikuwa kimeenea India kutoka [[Kaskazini]]-Magharibi, kikawa [[lugha]] ya [[Rigveda]], mwanzoni mwa [[dini]] ya [[Uhindu]]. Hivyo [[lugha za Kidravidi]] zikakoma kaskazini. Kufikia mwaka [[400 KK]], [[tabaka|matabaka]] ya kudumu katika [[jamii]] yalikuwa yamejitokeza katika Uhindu. Hapo dini za [[Ubuddha]] na [[Ujaini]] zilitokea, zikipinga taratibu hizo za kibaguzi. Katika [[bonde]] la [[mto]] [[Gange]] yalianza [[madola]] ya [[dola la Maurya|Maurya]] na [[Dola la Gupta|Gupta]]. Ndani yake hadhi ya [[wanawake]] ilirudi nyuma, na mtazamo wa kwamba baadhi ya watu hawatakiwi hata kuguswa ukaimarika. Huko India [[Kusini]], Falme za Kati zilieneza [[maandishi]] na [[tamaduni]] vya lugha za Kidravidi kwa [[Ufalme|falme]] za Asia Kusini [[Mashariki]]. Kati [[karne]] za kwanza baada ya [[Kristo]], dini za [[Ukristo]], [[Uislamu]], [[Uyahudi]] na [[Uzoroastro]] pia zilitia mizizi katika [[pwani]] za Kusini. [[Majeshi]] kutoka [[Asia ya Kati]] yalivamia kwa [[kwikwi]] mabonde ya India, hata kuunda [[usultani]] wa [[Delhi]] na kuingiza India Kaskazini katika [[umma]] wa Kiislamu. Katika [[karne ya 15]] [[BK]], [[Dola la Vijayanagara]] liliunda utamaduni wa kudumu wa Kihindu kusini mwa India. Katika [[Punjab]], [[Usikh]] ulianzishwa, ukipinga [[dini rasmi]]. [[Dola la Mughal]], mwaka [[1526]], liliwezesha karne mbili za [[amani]] na kuacha [[urithi]] wa [[usanifu majengo]] bora. ===Wakati wa ukoloni=== {{main|Uhindi wa Kiingereza}} [[Picha:European settlements in India 1501-1739.png|thumb|350px|Vituo vya nchi za Ulaya huko Uhindi miaka [[1501]]-[[1937]]]] '''Uhindi wa Kiingereza''' ni kipindi cha [[historia]] ambapo nchi za [[Bara Hindi]] ama zilitawaliwa na [[Uingereza]] moja kwa moja ama zilikuwa chini ya usimamizi wa Uingereza kama [[nchi lindwa]]. Utawala huo ulienea juu ya Uhindi wa leo pamoja na [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Nepal]] na kwa muda pia juu ya [[Burma]] ([[Myanmar]]). Utawala wa Kiingereza ulikuwa na vipindi viwili vifuatavyo: ==== Utawala wa [[Kampuni ya Kiingereza kwa Uhindi wa Mashariki]] (British East India Company) ==== Tarehe [[31 Desemba]] [[1600]] [[malkia]] [[Elizabeth I]] alitoa hati ya ulinzi wa kifalme kwa [[biashara]] kati ya Uingereza na "Uhindi wa Mashariki". Kampuni iliyopokea hati hii ilikuwa kundi la [[mfanyabiashara|wafanyabiashara]] na [[tajiri|matajiri]] wa [[London]] waliovutwa na [[utajiri]] wa nchi za mashariki na hasa na [[faida]] kubwa mikononi mwa wafanyabiashara [[Ureno|Wareno]] na [[Uholanzi|Waholanzi]] waliotangulia katika biashara kati ya [[Ulaya]] na nchi za [[Asia ya Kusini]]. Kampuni ilishindana kibiashara na kivita na wafanyabiashara wa [[Ureno]], wa [[Uholanzi]] na wa [[Ufaransa]]. Iliweza kununua au kuvamia vituo vya biashara na kujenga maboma yake kuanzia mwaka [[1644]] huko [[Bombay]], [[Madras]] na penginepo. Mwaka [[1717]] kampuni ilipata kibali cha mtawala wa [[Moghul]] cha kusamehewa [[kodi]] kwa biashara katika [[Ubengali]]. Tangu mwaka [[1680]] kampuni ilianzisha [[jeshi]] lake la [[askari|maaskari]] Wahindi na kuwa mshiriki katika [[siasa]] ya Uhindi. Kati ya miaka [[1756]] na [[1763]] Uingereza pamoja na mataifa mengine ya Ulaya ilishiriki katika [[Vita vya miaka saba]] viliyokuwa vita vya kwanza vya kimabara. Waingereza walipigana pamoja na [[Prussia]] dhidi ya [[Austria]], [[Ufaransa]], [[Urusi]] na [[Uswidi]]. Jeshi la kampuni liliendesha vita hivyo dhidi ya maeneo ya Ufaransa katika Uhindi. Wafaransa walishindwa wakabaki na vituo vidogo tu katika miji kama [[Pondicherry]] na [[Mahe]] lakini kampuni iliongeza maeneo yake katika Uhindi. Baada ya mwaka [[1757]] Kampuni ya Kiingereza ilikuwa enzi muhimu, iliweza kushindana hata na nguvu ya Moghul. Ilianza kutawala sehemu kubwa za Uhindi wa Kusini pamoja na Ubengali. Kampuni ilitumia mbinu mbili: * mikataba na madola ya watawala wa Kihindi waliokubali kupokea [[balozi|mabalozi]] wa kampuni kwao waliokuwa kama washauri wakuu wa [[Maharaja]] au [[Nawab]] wa eneo; siasa ya nje na mambo ya jeshi ziliwekwa chini ya kampuni * uvamizi na utawala wa moja kwa moja, maeneo yale yalikuwa mali ya kampuni. Mafaniko makubwa ya kampuni yalisababisha mgogoro huko Uingereza na [[sheria]] mbalimbali za [[bunge la Uingereza]] zililenga kuongeza athira ya [[serikali]] ya Uingereza juu ya shughuli za kampuni. Katika [[karne ya 19]] kampuni ikawa mtawala wa sehemu kubwa za Uhindi, ama kwa njia ya mikataba na watawala wa kienyeji au kwa utawala wa moja kwa moja. Kampuni ilianza kubadilisha uso wa India kujenga [[reli]] na kuanzisha [[mawasiliano]] wa kisiasa kwa huduma ya [[posta]] na pia [[simu]] za [[telegrafi]]. Mwaka [[1857]] ilitokea uasi wa wanajeshi Wahindi wa jeshi la kampuni uliosababisha na mkasi wa mabadiliko na dharau ya viongozi Waingereza kwa [[utamaduni]] wa wenyeji. Utawala wa kampuni ulianza kuporomoka; uliokolewa tu kwa kupeleka Uhindi wanajeshi kutoka Uingereza. Uasi ulikomeshwa kwa mabavu. Lakini kuingilia kati kwa serikali ya Uingereza kulikuwa mwisho wa utawala wa kampuni. Mwaka [[1858]] serikali ya London ilichukua [[madaraka]] yote ya kampuni ikafanya Uhindi kuwa [[koloni]] la [[taji]] la Uingereza. [[Picha:Madras Prov South 1909.jpg|thumb|350px|Uhindi wa Kusini au Jimbo la Madras mnamo [[1909]]; [[nyekundu]]:koloni la Uingereza; [[njano]]: madola ya watawala Wahindi chini ya Uingereza (nchi lindwa)]] ==== Utawala wa kiserikali kati ya [[1858]] hadi [[1947]] ==== Kuanzia mwaka [[1858]] Uhindi ulitawaliwa kama [[koloni]] la Uingereza. [[Kaisari]] wa mwisho wa Moghul [[Bahadur Shah Zafar II]] aliondolewa nchini. [[Malkia]] [[Viktoria wa Uingereza]] alichukua [[cheo]] chake akaitwa "[[Kaisari]] wa Uhindi" (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: "Empress of India"; kwa [[Kihindi]]: "Padishah-e-Hind") akamuachia [[utawala]] [[gavana]] wake aliyepewa cheo cha "[[makamu wa mfalme]]" (Vice-Roy). Muundo wa utawala uliendelea: maeneo ya kampuni yalikuwa makoloni ya Uingereza. Maeneo ya watawala Wahindi yalibaki yalivyo lakini kila [[Maharaja]] au [[Nawab]] alipaswa kula [[kiapo]] cha [[utii]] kwa malkia kama Kaisari au malkia mkuu wa Uhindi na kumkubali mshauri Mwingereza katika [[jumba]] lake kama mwakilishi wa Uingereza. Mwisho wa [[karne ya 19]] [[harakati]] za kutafuta [[uhuru]] zilianza upya. Mwaka [[1885]] [[Chama cha kisiasa|chama]] cha INC ([[Indian National Congress]]) kiliundwa na [[Wahindu]] na [[Waislamu]] pamoja waliodai uhuru. Mwaka [[1906]] viongozi Waislamu walitoka katika INC na kuunda "[[Shirikisho la Waislamu]]". Mwaka [[1917]] Uingereza ulitamka ya kwamba ulitaka kuelekea polepole hali ya kujitawala kwa Wahindi. Viongozi wa wenyeji hawakuridhika na mkasi wa mabadiliko. Chini ya [[uongozi]] wa [[Mahatma Ghandi]] mwendo wa kupigania uhuru bila mabavu ulipata nguvu. Ghandi alipigania hasa [[umoja]] wa Wahindu na Waislamu lakini alipingwa na viongozi wenye [[itikadi kali]] wa pande zote mbili. Baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia]] Waingereza walikubali kujiondoa katika Uhindi. Swali kubwa lilikuwa kama nchi itabaki kama nchi moja au kama maeneo ya Waislamu yatajitenga. ===Baada ya uhuru=== Tarehe 14/[[15 Agosti]] [[1947]] utawala wa Uingereza ulikwisha. Bara Hindi iligawanywa katika nchi mbili za [[Uhindi]] na [[Pakistan]]. Mgawanyo ulikuja na [[vita]] na kumwaga kwa [[damu]] nyingi. Tarehe [[30 Januari]] [[1948]] Ghandi mwenyewe aliuawa na Hindu mkali aliyemchukia kwa sababu alitaka [[usawa]] wa Waislamu na Wahindu. == Serikali na Utawala== ===Mgawanyiko wa kiutawala=== Hii ni orodha ya '''majimbo ya [[Uhindi]]''': {{Majimbo ya Uhindi}} ==Demografia== [[File:A villager in traditional attire.jpg|thumb|right|Mwanakijiji wa Kihindi katika mavazi ya jadi]] Uhindi, ikiwa na idadi ya watu inayokadiriwa kuwa 1,428,627,663 mnamo 2023, ndiyo nchi yenye watu wengi zaidi duniani. Sensa ya 2011 ilirekodi watu 1,210,193,422, ikionyesha ongezeko la 17.64% kutoka 2001, ambalo lilikuwa chini ya ongezeko la 21.54% kati ya 1991 na 2001. Uwiano wa kijinsia kulingana na sensa ya 2011 ulikuwa wanawake 940 kwa kila wanaume 1,000. Kufikia 2020, umri wa wastani ulikuwa miaka 28.7. Sensa ya kwanza baada ya uhuru mwaka 1951 ilihesabu watu milioni 361. Ukuaji wa idadi ya watu umechochewa na maendeleo ya kitabibu na ongezeko la uzalishaji wa [[kilimo]], hasa baada ya Mapinduzi ya Kijani. Matarajio ya maisha kwa sasa ni miaka 70—wanawake wakiwa na wastani wa miaka 71.5 na wanaume miaka 68.7. Uhindi ina madaktari 93 kwa kila watu 100,000. Ukuaji wa miji pia umeathiri mabadiliko ya idadi ya watu, huku ongezeko la wakazi wa mijini likifikia 31.2% kati ya 1991 na 2001. Sensa ya 2011 ilionyesha kuwa 31.16% ya Wahindi waliishi mijini, kutoka 27.81% mwaka 2001, na miji kama Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, na Ahmedabad ikiwa mikubwa zaidi. Kiwango cha usomaji na uandishi kilikuwa 74.04% mwaka 2011, huku wanawake wakiwa na 65.46% na wanaume 82.14%. Tofauti ya usomaji kati ya maeneo ya vijijini na mijini ilipungua, ikiashiria maendeleo makubwa ya elimu vijijini, ambapo Kerala ilikuwa na kiwango cha juu zaidi cha usomaji (93.91%) na Bihar cha chini zaidi (63.82%). Uhindi ni moja ya mataifa yenye utofauti mkubwa wa lugha duniani. Takriban 74% ya watu huzungumza lugha za [[Kihindi-Arya]], ambazo ni sehemu ya familia ya lugha za Kihindi-Kiulaya, huku 24% wakizungumza lugha za Kidravidia, ambazo zilikuwepo kabla ya athari za Kihindi-Arya katika eneo hilo. Asilimia 2% iliyobaki huzungumza lugha za Kiaustroasia au Kisinotibeti. Kihindi ndicho lugha rasmi ya serikali kuu, huku Kiingereza kikihudumu kama lugha rasmi msaidizi inayotumika sana katika utawala, biashara, na elimu ya juu. Katiba ya Uhindi inatambua lugha 22 kama lugha rasmi za kikatiba, na kila jimbo au eneo la muungano lina lugha zake rasmi. Uhindi pia ina utofauti mkubwa wa kidini, ambapo [[Uhindu]] ndio dini kubwa (79.80% ya watu), ikifuatiwa na [[Uislamu]] (14.23%), [[Ukristo]] (2.30%), [[Usikh]] (1.72%), [[Ubuddha]] (0.70%), [[Ujain]] (0.36%), na dini zingine (0.9%). Taifa hili lina idadi ya tatu kwa ukubwa ya Waislamu duniani, ikiwa na idadi kubwa zaidi miongoni mwa nchi zisizo na Waislamu wengi. == Tazama pia == * [[Majimbo ya Uhindi]] * [[Orodha ya lugha za Uhindi]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] == Viungo vya nje == {{commons}} * {{en}} {{hi}} [http://india.gov.in/ Tovuti rasmi] * {{en}} [http://www.bizagra.com India Travel] * {{CIA World Factbook link|in|India}} * [http://www.curlie.org/Regional/Asia/India/ Uhindi] katika Curlie (ex-Open Directory Project) * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12557384 India profile] from the [[BBC News]] * [https://www.britannica.com/place/India India] ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' entry * [http://web.archive.org/web/20150317090758/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/india.htm India]at the [[University of Colorado at Boulder|UCB]] Government Information Library (archived from [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/india.htm original]{{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/india.htm |date=20150317090758 }}) {{india}} {{asia}} [[Jamii:Uhindi| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Asia]] [[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G20]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] nl92a19wpxsfnfl3ztb6zsj013fv2rz 0 2152 1548014 1446199 2026-05-22T03:46:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548014 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Ujerumani ya Mashariki ya Afrika | jina_asili = ''Deutsch-Ostafrika'' (Kijerumani) | bendera = Flag of Deutsch-Ostafrika.svg | nembo = Coat of arms of German East Africa.png | kaulimbiu = | wimbo = | ramani = German East Africa Location.png | mji_mkuu = Bagamoyo (1885–1890), Dar es Salaam (1890–1916), Tabora (1916, kwa muda) | mji_mkubwa = Dar es Salaam | majiranukta1 = | majiranukta2 = | lugha_rasmi = | lugha_taifa = Kiswahili, Kiarabu, Kirundi, Kinyarwanda, Kichaga, Kisukuma, Iraqw, Maa | kiongozi1 = Wilhelm I (1885–1888), Frederick III (1888), Wilhelm II (1888–1918) | kiongozi2 = | cheo_kiongozi1 = Kaisari wa Ujerumani | cheo_kiongozi2 = | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Uanzishwaji na Kampuni ya DOAG | tukio2 = Mkataba wa Heligoland–Zanzibar | tukio3 = Mapinduzi ya Maji Maji | tukio4 = , Kujisalimisha | tukio1_tarehe = 27 Februari 1885 | tukio2_tarehe = 1 Julai 1890 | tukio3_tarehe = 21 Oktoba 1905 | tukio4_tarehe = 25 Novemba 1918 | eneo_jumla = 995,000 | cheo_eneo = | maji = | ardhi = | watu_kadirio = 7,700,000 | mwaka_kadirio = 1912 | msongamano = | pato_ppp = | pato_ppp_kwa_mtu = | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = | plt = | mwaka_pato = | pato_kwa_mtu = | cheo_plt_kawaida = | cheo_plt_kawaida_kwa_mtu = | mwaka_maendeleo = | maendeleo = | gini = | mwaka_gini = | fedha = Rupia ya Ujerumani ya Afrika ya Mashariki | majira_saa = | udereva = | msimbo_simu = | tld = }} [[Picha:German East Africa MKL Bd. 14 1890 (128624470).jpg|thumb|300px|Ramani ya Kijerumani ionyeshayo Zanzibar na pwani (mnamo 1890)]] '''Afrika Mashariki ya Kijerumani''' (au: ya [[Kidachi]]; kwa [[Kijerumani]] ''Deutsch-Ostafrika -DOA-''; kwa [[Kiingereza]] ''German East Africa'') ilikuwa [[koloni]] kubwa kabisa la [[Dola la Ujerumani]] kuanzia mwaka [[1885]] hadi [[1918]], likijumuisha maeneo yanayojulikana leo kama [[Tanzania]] (bara), [[Rwanda]] na [[Burundi]], pamoja na sehemu ndogo za [[Msumbiji]] ya [[kaskazini]]. Koloni hilo lilianzishwa kupitia [[Mkataba|mikataba]] na ushawishi wa [[kampuni]] za [[Ujerumani]], na baadaye likasimamiwa rasmi na [[serikali]] ya [[Ujerumani]]. [[Mji mkuu]] wa koloni ulikuwa [[Dar es Salaam]]. Kwa jumla lilikuwa na eneo takriban [[Kilomita ya mraba|kilomita za mraba]] 994,996. Wakati wa [[utawala]] huu, kulikuwa na ukandamizaji, kazi za kulazimishwa, pamoja na upinzani maarufu kama [[vita ya Maji Maji|Vita vya Maji Maji]] (1905–1907). Baada ya [[Vita vya Kwanza vya Dunia]], eneo hili liligawiwa na kutolewa kwa [[Uingereza]] na [[Ubelgiji]] kama [[Eneo la kudhaminiwa|maeneo ya kudhaminiwa]] na [[Shirikisho la Mataifa]], na hivyo kumaliza rasmi enzi ya utawala wa [[Ujerumani|Kijerumani]]. ==Eneo, mipaka na wakazi== ===Eneo na mipaka=== Eneo la koloni lilikuwa na [[kilomita za mraba]] 997,000 pamoja na sehemu za [[Maziwa makubwa ya Afrika|maziwa makubwa]] kama [[Ziwa Tanganyika]] na [[Ziwa Viktoria]]. Eneo hili lilikuwa karibu mara [[mbili]] kuliko eneo la Ujerumani wenyewe kabla ya mwaka [[1914]]. Mipaka iliamuliwa katika mapatano na [[Uingereza]], [[Ubelgiji]] na [[Ureno]] zilizotawala makoloni ya jirani ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kiingereza]] (leo [[Kenya]] na [[Uganda]]), [[Kongo ya Kibelgiji]] (leo [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]), [[Rhodesia]] (leo [[Zambia]] na [[Zimbabwe]]), [[Nyasaland]] (leo [[Malawi]]) na [[Msumbiji]]. Mipaka hii ni pia mipaka ya Tanzania, Rwanda na Burundi hadi leo hii. Katika mapatano baina ya Uingereza na Ujerumani ya Novemba 1886 pande zote mbili ziliahidi kuheshimu utawala wa Sultani wa Zanzibar juu ya visiwa pamoja na kanda la maili 10 kwenye pwani baina ya [[mto Tana]] na [[Mto Minengani]] ([[Msumbiji]]). Pamoja na hayo walielewana kuhusu maeneo ya maslahi yao, wakipatana kuhusu mstari uliokuwa baadaye mpaka baina ya Tanzania na Kenya hadi leo.<ref> [https://archive.org/details/mapafricabytrea00britgoog No. 123 Agreement between the British and German Governments, respecting the Sultanate of Zanzibar and the opposite East African Mainland, and their Spheres of Influence - 1st November, 1886] (in: Map of Africa by Treaty Vol II, p. 617 and p. 620) "3. Both powers agree to establish a delimitation of their respectives spheres of influence on this part of the East African Continent" "Line of Demarcation. The line of demarcation starts from the mouth of the River Wanga or Umbe, runs direct to Lake Jipe, passes thence along the eastern and round the northern side of the lake and crosses the Lumi River; After which it passes midway between the territories of Taveita and Chagga, skirts the northern base of the Kilimanjaro range, and thence is drawn direct to the point on the eastern side of Lake Victoria Nyanza which is intersected by the 1st degree of south latitude"</ref> Katika [[Mkataba wa Helgoland-Zanzibar|mkataba wa 1890 kuhusu mipaka katika Afrika]] Uingereza iliahidi kumshawishi Sultani wa Zanzibar kuuza maeneo yake kwenye pwani la bara pamoja na [[Mafia (kisiwa)|kisiwa cha Mafia]]<ref>"Great Britain shall bring to bear her full influence on the Sultan of Zanzibar to facilitate an amicable agreement by which the Sultan unconditionally cedes to Germany the Island of Mafia and his territories on the mainland (including dependencies) that are referred to in the existing concessions of the German East Africa Company. It is understood that His Highness shall receive fair compensation for the loss of revenue resulting from this cessation." ([http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/docpage.cfm?docpage_id=1368 Anglo-German Treaty (Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty), July 1, 1890 online hapa] {{Wayback|url=http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/docpage.cfm?docpage_id=1368 |date=20210122091344 }} kwa http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org)</ref> kwa Ujerumani<ref>Wakati ule bado kwa [[Kampuni ya Kijerumani kwa Afrika ya Mashariki]], kwa sababu serikali haikumaliza bado kutwaa haki au zaidi madai ya kampuni katika Afrika</ref>. Upande wa Kenya mstari ulichorwa kuanzia [[Bahari Hindi]] kwa [[mdomo]] wa [[mto Umba]] hadi [[Ziwa Jipe]], halafu kufuata mitelemko ya [[kaskazini]] ya [[mlima Kilimanjaro]] na kutoka hapa hadi [[Ziwa Viktoria]]. Mipaka na Uganda ilifuata [[latitudo]] ya kwanza ya kusini ya [[ikweta]] hadi mpaka na Kongo. Upande wa Kongo mpaka ulifuata sehemu za chini za [[bonde la Ufa]] na katikati ya [[Ziwa|maziwa]] kama [[Ziwa Kivu|Kivu]] na Tanganyika. Upande wa kusini ulifuata mstari kati ya ncha ya kusini ya ziwa Tanganyika hadi mdomo wa [[Mto Songwe]] katika [[Ziwa Nyasa]]. Eneo lote la ziwa lenyewe lilibaki upande wa Nyasaland ya Kiingereza, halafu mstari kutoka Ziwa Nyasa kwa kufuata [[mto Ruvuma]] hadi [[Rasi ya Delgado]] kwenye Bahari Hindi. Jinsi ilivyo na mipaka ya kikoloni mistari hii ilikata mara nyingi maeneo ya [[Kabila|makabila]] ya wenyeji. ===Wakazi=== Mwaka [[1913]] [[takwimu]] ya Wajerumani ilihesabu wakazi Waafrika 7,645,000, Waasia ([[Wahindi]] na [[Waarabu]]) 14,898 na [[Wazungu]] 5,336, kati yao Wajerumani 4,107. [[Nusu]] ya wakazi wote waliishi katika eneo la [[Maziwa makubwa ya Afrika|maziwa makubwa]] ambako [[serikali]] ya kikoloni iliacha maeneo ya Rwanda (wakazi 2,000,000), Burundi (1,500,000) na [[Bukoba]] (275,000) kama [[maeneo lindwa]] chini ya watawala wa kienyeji waliosimamiwa na [[afisa mkazi]] Mjerumani.<ref>[[Kamusi ya Koloni za Kijerumani]], makala "Deutsch-Ostafrika", fungu 9. Bevölkerungsstatistik.</ref> == Historia ya koloni == Koloni hilo halikuanzishwa kwa azimio la kisiasa upande wa serikali ya Ujerumani bali lilianzishwa kama mradi wa watu binafsi waliotafuta makoloni katika Afrika. Historia ya koloni ilikuwa na awamu tatu: # mwanzo kama maeneo yaliyotawanyika ambako kampuni binafsi ([[Kampuni ya Kijerumani kwa Afrika ya Mashariki]]) ilifaulu kushawishi watawala wa kienyeji kutia sahihi kwenye mikataba; kipindi hiki kilianza [[1885]] hadi kuporomoka kwa utawala wa kampuni mnamo [[1890]] # koloni la [[Dola la Ujerumani]] (kwa Kijerumani ''Deutsches Reich'') lililoamua kuchukua mamlaka mkononi mwake kuanzia [[1891]], ambako Ujerumani iliweza kupanusha utawala wake juu ya maeneo yote # mwisho wa utawala wa Kijerumani wakati wa [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]] kuanzia mwaka [[1916]] wakati jeshi kubwa la [[Uingereza]] na [[Afrika Kusini]] pamoja na [[Ubelgiji]] lilivamia, hadi kusalimu amri kwa jeshi la [[Schutztruppe]] kwenye Novemba [[1918]] Katika mapatano baada ya vita koloni liligawiwa kati ya Uingereza (iliyopata Tanganyika) na Ubelgiji (iliyopata Rwanda na Burundi). Kwa historia ya baadaye ilikuwa na maana ya kwamba walikabidhiwa maeneo ya koloni la Kijerumani la awali si kama [[mali]] kamili lakini kama [[maeneo ya kudhaminiwa]] kwa niaba ya [[shirikisho la Mataifa]] (mtangulizi wa [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] (UN). === Utangulizi === Hadi mnamo mwaka [[1880]] [[serikali]] ya [[Ujerumani]] chini ya [[chansella]] [[Otto von Bismarck]] ilikataa kuanzisha makoloni. Sehemu ya [[wafanyabiashara]] Wajerumani walidai koloni. Walisikitika kuona [[faida]] za wenzao [[Waingereza]] waliopata mara nyingi msaada kutoka kwa [[wanajeshi]] na serikali za koloni za Uingereza hasa [[Asia]]. Waliona pia faida ya [[viwanda]] vya Uingereza vilivyokuwa na [[soko]] la kulindwa katika nchi kama [[Uhindi]] kwa sababu serikali ya kikoloni ilidai [[kodi]] kali kwa [[bidhaa]] zisizotoka [[Uingereza]]. Bismarck hakuamini ya kwamba koloni lingeleta faida kwa [[taifa]] kulingana na [[gharama]] kubwa kwa serikali. Lakini wapigania koloni walikuwa na [[wabunge]] muhimu kwa serikali na polepole Bismarck alianza kukubali hatua za kwanza. Mwenyewe aliamini mwanzoni ya kwamba itatosha kuwapa wafanyabiashara [[ulinzi]] kwa shughuli zao kwa kuwaruhusu matumizi ya [[bendera]] ya Ujerumani na kuwa na [[askari]] wao wa ulinzi kama wamepatana na viongozi wazalendo katika eneo fulani kuanzisha shughuli huko. Kwa njia hii alifungua [[mlango]] kwa [[harakati]] iliyoendelea kuwa mchango wa Ujerumani katika [[mbio]] wa kugawa [[dunia]], hasa [[Afrika]]. === Juhudi za Karl Peters === [[Picha:Petersland east africa 1885.png|thumb|250px|Maeneo ya kwanza yaliyotwaliwa na Karl Peters.]] Koloni hili lilianzishwa na kijana Mjerumani [[Karl Peters]] mwaka 1885 kwa niaba ya "[[Kampuni ya Kijerumani kwa Afrika ya Mashariki]]". Peters, aliyewahi kusoma [[chuo]] Uingereza, aliona [[wivu]] juu ya ukoloni wa Uingereza, akiamini ya kwamba Ujerumani ungestahili nafasi hiyo pia. Hivyo alianza kudai koloni katika mikutano, akaanzisha "[[Shirika kwa Ukoloni wa Kijerumani]]" mwaka [[1884]] iliyokuwa kitangulizi cha kampuni. Shirika hii ilimtuma pamoja na wenzake wawili kwenda Afrika na kutafuta nafasi ya kuanzisha koloni. Kiasili walilenga maeneo mpakani mwa Msumbiji na Zimbabwe ya leo lakini hatimaye waliamua kwenda Afrika ya Mashariki. Peters alifika [[Zanzibar]] alipoambiwa na [[konsuli]] ya Ujerumani ya kwamba hawezi kuendelea: serikali ya nyumbani iliogopa ugomvi na Uingereza ilikataa mipango yake. Aliamua kuvuka [[Bara|barani]] hata hivyo akafika [[Saadani]] tarehe [[10 Novemba]] [[1884]] na kufuata njia kando ya [[mto Wami]] ili apite kanda la Kizanzibari kwenye [[pwani]] na kutembelea [[chifu|machifu]] na [[Sultani|masultani]] ndani ya bara. Hapo alifaulu kushawishi watawala wa maeneo yaliyojulikana kama [[Usagara]], [[Nguru]], [[Useguha]] na [[Ukami]] kutia [[sahihi]] kwenye mikataba iliyoandikwa kwa Kijerumani ambayo hawakuielewa. Mikataba hii ilisema ya kwamba [[mtawala]] alikabidhi kwa kampuni nchi yake pamoja na [[haki]] juu ya [[ardhi]] na [[mali]] yote. Mwaka 1885 Peters alirudi [[Berlin]] na kuonyesha mikataba yake kwa [[Gazeti|magazeti]] na serikali. [[Chansela Bismarck]] alikataa, akacheka mikataba kama [[karatasi]] bila maana. Peters alitumia [[mbinu]]: akatisha kupeleka mikataba yake kwa mfalme [[Leopold II wa Ubelgiji]] aliyekuwa kununua haki zake. Hapa Bismarck aliogopa kilio cha wapenda koloni akakubali kumpa Peters [[hati ya ulinzi]] ya tarehe [[27 Februari]] [[1885]] kwa maeneo yaliyokuwa ya kampuni kufuatana na mikataba. === Upanuzi wa eneo la kampuni === ====Upanuzi na ugomvi na Zanzibar==== Peters na wawakilishi wake walirudi wakaendelea kutafuta machifu waliokuwa tayari kutia [[saini]] mikataba yake. [[Sultani wa Zanzibar]] alipinga juhudi hizi. Zanzibar ilisimamia pwani ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]] na tangu [[karne]] watu wa [[Mji|miji]] ya pwani walikuwa na [[wali|mawali]] wa Sultani. Zanzibar ilidai pia utawala ya bara hadi [[Ziwa Tanganyika]] na [[Kongo]], ingawa hali halisi [[athira]] yake haikwenda mbali na [[njia]] za misafara ambako [[ndovu]] na [[watumwa]] walipelekwa pwani. Tarehe [[27 Aprili]] 1885 serikali ya Zanzibar ilituma barua [[Berlin]] kupinga [[kazi]] na madai ya kampuni na kutangaza maeneo ya Tanzania ya leo kama [[milki]] yake. Iliongeza pia wanajeshi wake barani zilizokuwa chini ya [[amri]] ya [[mwanajeshi]] mstaafu Mwingereza [[Matthews]]. Hapo serikali ya Berlin ilituma kikosi cha [[manowari]] kwenda [[Bahari Hindi]]. Mwezi Agosti manowari za Kijerumani chini ya amri ya [[admirali]] [[Eduard von Knorr]] zilifika mbele ya [[Unguja]] zikalenga [[Mzinga|mizinga]] yao kwa [[ikulu]] ya sultani. Akishauriwa na [[balozi]] wa Uingereza, [[Sayyid Barghash|Sultani Bargash]] alipaswa kutoa tamko kuwa, "Kutokana na madai tunayopelekewa kwa matishio na [[Kaisari]] wa Ujerumani, tunatambua ulinzi wa Ujerumani juu ya nchi za Usagara, Nguru, Useguha, Ukami na juu ya [[wilaya]] ya [[Witu]]. Mipaka yake itaelezwa baadaye na sisi tunatambua ulinzi wa Kaisari juu ya mahali palipotajwa." <ref> nukuu ya Kiingereza katika [http://othes.univie.ac.at/1397/1/2008-09-19_5900039.pdf Franz Kotrba: William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) und Ludwig von Höhnel (1857-1942) und Afrika, Vienna 2008]</ref>. Sultani alipaswa pia kutia sahihi [[mkataba]] wa [[biashara]] na Ujerumani alipokubali haki nyingi kwa Wajerumani katika milki yake.<ref>[https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Freundschafts-,_Handels-_und_Schiffahrtsvertrag_zwischen_dem_Deutschen_Reich_und_dem_Sultan_von_Zanzibar Mkataba wa urafiki na biashara kati Dola la Ujerumani na Sultani wa Zanzibar](Kijerumani + Kiingereza)</ref> Mwaka [[1886]] Uingereza na Ujerumani walipatana juu ya "maeneo ya masilahi" yao katika Afrika ya Mashariki; hapa walielewana kuhusu mstari kati ya mdomo wa [[Umba (mto)|mto Umba]] (kati ya [[Tanga (mji)|Tanga]] na [[Mombasa]]) hadi nukta ambako [[latitudo]] ya 1 kusini inakata mwambao wa [[Ziwa Viktoria Nyanza]]<ref>Nukta hii ilisogezwa kidogo kusudi la kutokata rasi ya Muhuru inayoingia ziwani kwa umbo la pinde</ref>. Sultani alipaswa kukubali tena. Katika mapatano hayo Sultani alibaki na [[visiwa]] vya [[Unguja]], [[Pemba]], [[Mafia]] na [[funguvisiwa ya Lamu]] pamoja na kanda la pwani barani lenye [[upana]] wa [[maili]] 10 kati ya [[mto Ruvuma]] upande wa [[Kusini]] na [[mto Tana]] upande wa [[Kaskazini]], halafu miji ya [[Kismayu]], [[Barawa]], [[Merka]] na [[Mogadishu]] upande wa kaskazini zaidi. <ref>Februari 1887 Sultani aliendelea kupungukiwa maeneo alipopatana na Mwingereza [[William Mackinnon]] kumkodisha pwani ya [[Kenya]] pamoja na haki za utawala kwa malipo ya kila mwaka. Kisheria kanda hili lilibaki mali ya Zanzibar hadi [[uhuru]] wa Kenya mwaka [[1964]]</ref>. ===Mkataba kati ya Zanzibar na Kampuni juu ya kofo na pwani=== [[Picha:Rupie 1 DOA 1893 mbele.JPG|300px|thumb|<small>Sarafu ya rupia 1 iliyotolewa kwa jina la "Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft" (Kampuni ya Kijerumani ya Afrika ya Mashariki); tangu 1904 zilitolewa kwa jina la koloni yenyewe bila kutaja kampuni tena</small>]] Mapatano ya 1886 yaliwapa Wajerumani nafasi ya kuendeleza upanuzi barani nyuma ya kanda la pwani la Kizanzibari na [[mstari]] wa [[mpaka]] ulichorwa kuanzia [[mdomo]] wa [[mto Umba]] kupitia [[mlima Kilimanjaro]] hadi [[Ziwa Viktoria]]. Lakini kwa ajili ya matumizi ya kibiashara suala la [[bandari|mabandari]] bado lilibaki wazi. Hapo Peters na kampuni yake walianza kujadiliana na Sultani [[Seyyed Bargash]] (alitawala 1870 hadi 1888) kuhusu utawala wa pwani katika sehemu ya [[Tanganyika]]. Mnamo mwaka [[1887]] Bargash alikuwa amechoka: alitafuta [[pesa]] tu kwa ajili yake binafsi; alikuwa tayari kukodisha utawala wa kanda la pwani ya Tanganyika kwa Wajerumani. Wajerumani walidai kuongezeka haki na Bargash alikufa bila kumaliza mapatano. Lakini mwandamizi wake [[Sultani Seyyed Khalifa]] aliwapa Wajerumani walichotaka. Tarehe [[15 Agosti]] [[1888]] wawakilishi wa kampuni ya Kijerumani walifika kwenye mabandari yote wakatangaza utawala wao kwa niaba ya sultani. === Vita ya Abushiri na mwisho wa utawala wa Kampuni === ^{tazama [[Vita ya Abushiri]]} Badiliko hili lilisababisha [[upinzani]] na hatimaye [[ghasia]] ya wenyeji. Vipengele vya mkataba vilisema mali isiyokuwa na [[hati]] za kimaandishi haiwezi kutambuliwa. Wenye mali kama [[shamba|mashamba]] walitakiwa kununua hati kutoka kwa watawala wapya. Hapo [[Waswahili]] wa pwani walijisikia wamesalitiwa na sultani asiyekuwa na haki ya kuchukua mali zao na kuzipa kwa [[wageni]]. Mara baada ya kufika kwa Wajerumani kwenye miji ya pwani ghasia ilianza mjini [[Pangani]] na kuenea haraka kote pwani kati ya [[Tanga (mji)|Tanga]] na [[Lindi (mji)|Lindi]]. Kampuni ilikuwa na Wajerumani wachache tu walioshindwa kujitetea. Walipaswa kukimbia au wakauawa. [[Bagamoyo (mji)|Bagamoyo]] pekee palikuwa na kikosi cha askari kutoka manowari ikatetewa. Serikali ya Ujerumani iliona lazima kuingia kati na kutuma manowari pamoja na askari waliokandamiza ghasia. Bismarck alitumia mbinu wa kupata kura za bunge alizohitaji kwa ajili ya gharama ya vita hiyo. Alipeleka sheria bungeni kuwa Ujerumani unatoa [[mark]] milioni 2 kwa kupambana na biashara ya watumwa na ulinzi wa manufaa ya Kijerumani. Sasa alimtuma afisa wa jeshi mwenye maarifa ya Afrika, [[Hermann von Wissmann]] aliyeajiri maafisa na wanajeshi Wajerumani, kwa jumla watu 87 wakaelekea Afrika ya Mashariki. Njiani walipopita [[Misri]] waliajiri askari waliostaafishwa Wasudani 650; waliongeza baadaye askari Wazulu 350 kutoka Msumbiji na kuwaunganisha kuwa "[[Schutztruppe|kikosi cha Wissmann]]" kilichofaulu kushinda upinzani wote kwa msaada wa silaha za kisasa na manowari za Ujerumani<ref>Makala "Araberaufstand" katika [[Kamusi ya Koloni za Kijerumani]], Berlin 1920</ref>. Baada ya upinzani wa wenyeji wa pwani mwaka [[1889]]/[[1890]] wakiongozwa na [[Abushiri]] na [[Bwana Heri]] serikali ya Ujerumani iliamua kutwaa [[mamlaka]] kutoka kwa kampuni na kufanya eneo lote kuwa koloni la Dola la Ujerumani badala ya shirika. === Koloni la Dola la Ujerumani === Maeneo ya kampuni yalikuwa rasmi koloni la serikali tarehe [[1 Januari]] [[1891]]. Koloni lilisimamiwa na gavana. Magavana wa Kijerumani walikuwa wafuatao:<ref>{{Rejea tovuti | url=https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/32069/ASC-075287668-3621-01.pdf?sequence=1 | title = A postal history of the First World War in Africa and its aftermath - German colonies: II Kamerun| author=A. J. Dietz | publisher=African Studies Centre, Repository, Leiden University | accessdate=17 January 2018}}</ref> * 1891–1893: [[Julius von Soden]] * 1893–1895: [[Friedrich von Schele]] * 1895–1896: Hermann von Wissmann * 1896–1901: [[Eduard von Liebert]] * 1901–1906: [[Gustav Adolf von Götzen]] * 1906–1912: [[Albrecht von Rechenberg]] * 1912–1918: [[Heinrich Schnee]] Utawala wa Kijerumani ulikwisha katika [[Vita Kuu ya Dunia ya Kwanza]] ([[1914]] - 1918) kutokana na uvamizi wa [[Uingereza]] na [[Ubelgiji]]. Katika [[Mkataba wa Versailles]] mwaka 1919 eneo la koloni la Kijerumani liligawiwa. Sehemu ya [[Tanganyika]] ilikabidhiwa kwa Uingereza na maeneo ya Rwanda na Burundi yaliwekwa chini ya [[Ubelgiji]]. ==Utawala== Eneo lote la koloni liligawiwa katika mikoa 21 na maeneo matatu yaliyokuwa bado chini ya watawala wenyeji kwa mfumo wa [[maeneo lindwa]]. Hadi 1913 mikoa 19 ilikuwa chini ya utawala wa kiraia, yaani chini ya maafisa wa serikali ya kikoloni. Mikoa miwili ya [[Mkoa wa Iringa|Iringa]] na [[Mahenge]] ilikuwa bado chini ya utawala wa kijeshi yaani hapo walikuwa maafisa wa Schutztruppe waliotekeleza majukumu yote ya serikali. Mikoa chini ya usamimizi wa maafisa Wajerumani wa kiraia ilikuwa: # [[Mkoa wa Tanga (DOA)|Tanga (DOA)]] # [[Mkoa wa Pangani (DOA)|Pangani (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo [[Handeni]] # [[Mkoa wa Bagamoyo (DOA)|Bagamoyo (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo [[Saadani]] # Daressalam pamoja na ofisi ndogo ya polisi [[Kisangire]] # [[Mkoa wa Rufiji (DOA)|Rufiji (DOA)]], makao makuu [[Utete]] # [[Mkoa wa Kilwa (DOA)|Kilwa (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo za Kilindoni, Kibata na [[Liwale]] # [[Mkoa wa Lindi (DOA)|Lindi (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo za [[Mikindani]], [[Newala]] und [[Tunduru]] # [[Mkoa wa Langenburg (DOA)|Langenburg (DOA)]] (Tukuyu) pamoja na ofisi ndogo Itaka na Mwakete na kituo cha polisi Muaja # [[Mkoa wa Wilhelmstal (DOA)|Wilhelmstal (DOA)]] ([[Lushoto]]) # [[Mkoa wa Morogoro (DOA)|Morogoro (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo za [[Kilosa|Kilossa]] na Kissaki # [[Mkoa wa Songea (DOA)|Songea (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo [[Wiedhafen]] # [[Mkoa wa Moshi (DOA)|Moshi (DOA)]] # [[Mkoa wa Arusha (DOA)|Arusha (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo Umbulu # [[Mkoa wa Kondoa-Irangi (DOA)|Kondoa-Irangi (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo Mkalama # [[Mkoa wa Dodoma (DOA)|Dodoma (DOA)]] pamoja na kituo cha polisi [[Mpapwa]] na kituo cha kijeshi [[Singida]] # [[Mkoa wa Mwanza (DOA)|Mwanza (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo Shirati na kituo cha kijeshi Ikoma # [[Mkoa wa Tabora (DOA)|Tabora (DOA)]] pamoja na ofisi ndogo za [[Shinyanga]] na Ushirombo # [[Mkoa wa Ujiji (DOA)|Ujiji (DOA)]] pamoja na kituo cha kijeshi Kasulo # [[Mkoa wa Bismarckburg (DOA)|Bismarckburg (DOA)]] (Kasanga (Ufipa) Mikoa ya kijeshi (jer. ''Militärbezirke'') chini ya usimamizi wa maafisa wa Kijerumani wa kijeshi: # [[Iringa (DOA)]] pamoja na kituo cha kijeshi Ubena # [[Mahenge (DOA)]] [[Maeneo lindwa]] (jer. ''Residentur'') chini ya watawala wenyeji waliopaswa kufuata ushauri wa afisa mkazi Mjerumani (jer. ''Resident''): [[Bukoba]] pamoja na vituo vya kijeshi Usuwi na Kifumbiro, kwa ajili ya watawala wa [[Wahaya]] [[Rwanda]], mji mkuu [[Kigali]], kituo cha kijeshi Mruhengeri [[Burundi]], mji mkuu [[Gitega]], pamoja na ofisi ndogo Usumbura ([[Bujumbura]]). ==Tanbihi== {{marejeo}} ==Marejeo== * Pugu Hadi Peramiho - kimehaririwa na P. Gerold Rupper, OSB, BPNP, Peramiho 1988, ISBN 9967 67 031 1 ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://books.google.com/books?id=m0dalboHfXgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=A+Modern+History+of+Tanganyika&hl=de&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=A%20Modern%20History%20of%20Tanganyika&f=false Iliffe, John: A Modern History of Tanganyika], Cambridge University Press, 10.05.1979, ISBN 978-0-521-22024-8 {{Hoja Kuhusu Tanzania}} {{Hoja Kuhusu Rwanda}} {{Hoja Kuhusu Burundi}} {{Mbegu-historia}} [[Jamii:Afrika ya Mashariki ya Kijerumani]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Burundi]] [[Jamii:Historia ya Rwanda]] jzfzyp0dul9wsxp9t0cfwzw083kv9pb 0 2955 1547858 1497303 2026-05-21T19:31:19Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi |jina_rasmi = Uholanzi |jina_asili = Nederland ([[Kiholanzi]]) |kauli_mbiu = "Je maintiendrai" ([[Kifaransa]]) ("Nitadumisha") |wimbo_wa_taifa = Wilhelmus ([[Kiholanzi]]) <div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center">[[File:United States Navy Band - Het Wilhelmus.ogg]]</div> |bendera = Flag of the Netherlands.svg |nembo = Royal Coat of Arms of the Netherlands.svg |ramani = EU-Netherlands (orthographic projection).png |maelezo_ya_ramani = <small><i>Eneo la Uholanzi katika Umoja wa Ulaya</i></small> |mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Amsterdam]] |lugha_rasmi = [[Kiholanzi]] |lugha4 = Lugha za Mikoa {{plainlist| * [[Kifrisia|Kifrisia cha Magharibi]] * [[Kipapiamentu]] * [[Kiingereza]] }} |kabila = <span style="font-size:95%">{{plainlist| *72.0% [[Mzungu|Wazungu]] [[Waholanzi]] *9.2% [[Wazungu]] wengine *2.5% [[Uturuki|Waturuki]] *2.3% [[Moroko|Wamoroko]] *2.0% [[Indonesia|Waindonesia]] *2.0% [[Surinam|Wasurinamu]] *1.1% [[Waafrika]] kutoka [[Karibi]] ya Kiholanzi *8.9% wengine }}</span> |dini = {{plainlist| *56% [[Wasio na dini]] *31% [[Ukristo]] ([[Wakatoliki]] 17%, [[Uprotestanti|Waprotestanti]] 14%) *6% [[Uislamu]] *7% Nyingine }} |serikali = Ufalme wa kikatiba wa bunge la umoja |utaifa = Mholanzi |cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Mfalme]] |kiongozi1 = [[Willem-Alexander]] |cheo_kiongozi2 = [[Waziri Mkuu]] |kiongozi2 = [[Dick Schoof]] |kiongozi_kichwa3 = |kiongozi_jina3 = |kiongozi_kichwa4 = |kiongozi_jina4 = |bunge = States General ([[Kiingereza]]) <!-- Ongeza Utakazo --> |eneo_jumla = 41,865 |eneo_ardhi_km2 = |eneo_maji_km2 = <!--Dont use commas in value--> |asilimia_maji = 18.41 |watu_kadirio = {{increase}} 18,270,300 |mwaka_kadirio = 2025 |watu_sensa =16,655,799 |mwaka_sensa = 2011 |orodha_idadi_ya_watu_sensa = |msongamano = 520 |plt_ppp = {{increase}} $1.460 Trilioni <ref name='auto1'>{{Cite Web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/NLD|title=Netherlands GDP profile|accessdate=2025-01-30}}</ref> |pato_mwaka= 2024 |orodha_ya_pato_la_taifa_ppp = 9 |plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $81,494 <ref name='auto1'/> |plt = {{increase}} $1.218 Trilioni <ref name='auto1'/> |mwaka_wa_pato_la_taifa = 2024 |orodha_ya_pato_la_taifa = 7 |plt_kwa_mtu= {{increase}} $67,984 <ref name='auto1'/> |hdi = {{increase}} 0.946 <ref>{{Cite Web|url=https://countryeconomy.com/countries/netherlands|title= Netherlands Hdi|accessdate=2025-01-31}}</ref> |orodha_hdi = 11 |mwaka_maendeleo = 2022 |gini = 38.7 |mwaka_gini = 2022 |tovuti = |sarafu = [[Euro]] </br> Dola ya Marekani |majira_saa = TC+01:00 (CET)UTC−04:00 (AST) |nambari_ya_msimbo = 31 </br> +599 |mtandao = .nl .bq |udereva= Kulia |tanbihi= }} '''Uholanzi''' (kwa [[Kiholanzi]] ''Nederland'') ni [[nchi]] ya [[Ulaya ya Magharibi]]. Imepakana na [[Ujerumani]] upande wa [[mashariki]], [[Ubelgiji]] upande wa [[kusini]] na [[Bahari ya Kaskazini]] (North Sea) upande wa [[magharibi]] na [[kaskazini]]. Uholanzi ni sehemu ya "Ufalme wa Nchi za Chini" (Kingdom of the Netherlands) pamoja na [[kisiwa|visiwa]] vya [[Aruba]], [[Curaçao]] na [[Sint Maarten]], mbali ya visiwa vingine vitatu vya [[Karibi]] vya Uholanzi. [[Lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kiholanzi]], na [[Kifrisia]] cha Magharibi kama lugha rasmi ya pili katika jimbo la [[Friesland]]. Ikiwa na watu takriban milioni 18.4 ni nchi ya 69 kubwa kwa idadi ya watu duniani. Jina la Uholanzi limetokana na “Holland”, eneo la magharibi la nchi hii. Watu wengi hutumia jina hilo, lakini wakazi wenyewe wanaiita nchi yao “Nederland” inayomaanisha "nchi ya chini". Kwa kweli, sehemu kubwa ya Uholanzi iko chini ya [[usawa wa bahari]]. Waholanzi wamejenga ma[[boma]] kuzuia [[maji]] yasienee yakifurika. == Jiografia == <div style="float:right;width:260px;"> </div> Akifika Uholanzi kwa [[uwanja wa ndege]] wa [[Schiphol]], [[msafiri]] anastaajabu nchi ilivyo [[tambarare]]. Kwa kweli, kuna sehemu zenye vilima, lakini sehemu kubwa zaidi ya Uholanzi ni tambarare. Mahali pa juu kabisa nchini ni [[Kilima cha Vaals]], upande wa kusini wa [[mkoa wa Limburg]], kwa 322 m. Mahali pa chini kabisa ni karibu na [[Nieuwerkerk aan de IJssel]], [[mkoa wa Zuid Holland]], kwa -6.76 m ([[mita]] 6.76 chini ya usawa wa wastani wa bahari). Vipande vikubwa vya nchi vimepatikana kutoka [[ziwa]] au [[bahari]]. Ili kufanya hivyo boma linajengwa kuzunguka ziwa au sehemu ya bahari, kisha maji yanavutwa kwa [[bomba]]. Mahali kati ya boma huitwa “[[polder]]”. Mkoa mmoja mzima, [[Flevoland]], umepatwa kwa maji ya “[[Zuiderzee]]” (Bahari ya Kusini). Kwa sababu hiyo watu husema: “[[Mungu]] aliumba [[dunia]] lakini Waholanzi waliumba Uholanzi.” Hata sasa sehemu muhimu ya Uholanzi ni maji: 18%. [[Picha:Deltawerke-Oosterschelde-Sturmflutwehr Straße.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Boma la Oosterschelde likiwa na malango na barabara]] Maboma mengine makubwa yamejengwa upande wa kusini magharibi wa nchi ili ya kuzuia maji yasienee mikoa ya [[Zeeland]] na Zuid Holland. Mradi huu huitwa “Deltawerken” au Ujenzi wa Delta. “Oosterscheldekering” au boma la mto wa Oosterschelde ni jengo linaloshangaza. Urefu wake ni 9&nbsp;km na katikati yake kuna malango makubwa 62 ambayo hujifunga wenyewe kila wakati ambapo maji ya bahari yakifura zaidi ya 3 m. [[Barabara]] kuu inapitia juu ya boma hili. === Mito === Mito mikubwa kadhaa inaingia Uholanzi na kutiririka katika Bahari ya Kaskazini. Mto Rijn ([[Mto Rhine]]) unaingia kwa [[Tolkamer]] upande wa mashiriki, na karibu na [[Nijmegen]] [[Mto Waal]] unajitenga ambao unachukua 70% ya maji. Mto IJssel unajitenga karibu na [[Westervoort]] na kwenda upande wa kaskazini. [[Mto Maas]] (Mto Meuse) unaingia Uholanzi upande wa kusini wa Limburg, na karibu na [[Mook]] unageuka upande wa magharibi. [[Mto Schelde]] unaingia upande wa kusini wa Zeeland. === Mikoa === [[Picha:Map provinces Netherlands-en.svg|thumb|300px|Ramani ya Uholanzi. Nukta nyekundu zinaonyesha miji mikuu ya mikoa na nukta nyeusi zinaonyesha miji mikubwa mingine.]] Uholanzi umegawanyika katika mikoa 12. Kila mkoa unatawaliwa na [[gavana]] ambaye huitwa “Commissaris van de Koningin” isipokuwa yule wa Limburg ambaye huitwa “Gouverneur”. Mikoa na miji mikuu yao ni : {| border=1 align=left cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 ! Mkoa !! Mji mkuu |- | [[Mkoa wa Groningen|Groningen]] || [[Groningen]] |- | [[Friesland]] || [[Leeuwarden]] |- | [[Drenthe]] || [[Assen]] |- | [[Overijssel]] || [[Zwolle]] |- | [[Gelderland]] || [[Arnhem]] |- | [[Mkoa wa Utrecht|Utrecht]] || [[Utrecht]] |- | [[Flevoland]] || [[Lelystad]] |- | [[Noord-Holland]] || [[Haarlem]] |- | [[Zuid-Holland]] || [[Den Haag]] (The Hague) |- | [[Zeeland]] || [[Middelburg]] |- | [[Noord-Brabant]] || [[’s-Hertogenbosch]] (Den Bosch) |- | [[Limburg, Uholanzi|Limburg]] || [[Maastricht]] |} <br clear="all"/> [[Picha:Satellite image of the Netherlands in May 2000.jpg|thumb|250px|Picha ya Uholanzi iliyopigwa kutoka satellite]] === Miji mikubwa === {| border=1 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 ! Mji !! Wakazi |- | Amsterdam || 742,011 |- | Rotterdam || 600,000 |- | Den Haag || 476,000 |- | Utrecht || 281,569 |- | Eindhoven || 209,399 |} === Trafiki === Katika Uholanzi [[barabara]] daima zina [[msongamano]] wa ma[[gari]]. Hii ni kwa sababu watu wanakwenda kazini [[asubuhi]] hadi kurejea [[jioni]], na wanaoishi Uholanzi ni wengi, na kufanya [[kazi]] nyingi sana. ==Historia== Kisha kutekwa na [[Julius Caesar]] katika [[karne ya 1 KK]], [[kusini]] mwa nchi ikawa mpaka wa [[kaskazini]] wa [[Dola la Roma]] hadi lilipokoma ([[karne ya 5]]). Baadaye nchi ilivamiwa na [[kabila|makabila]] mbalimbali ya [[Wagermanik]]: [[Wasaksoni]], [[Wabatavi]], [[Wafrisi]] na [[Wafaranki]]. Katika [[karne ya 8]] nchi ilikuwa sehemu ya [[dola]] la [[Karolo Mkuu]], na katika [[karne ya 10]] ya [[Dola Takatifu la Kiroma]]. Baadaye mfumo wa [[ukabaila]] ulitawala nchi sehemu sehemu. Katika [[karne ya 16]] nchi ilikuwa chini ya [[familia]] ya [[Kaizari|makaisari]] (Absburg), lakini ilipokea Matengezo ya Kiprotestanti kinyume cha matakwa ya kaisari [[Karolo V]]. [[Mwana|Mwanae]] [[Filipo II wa Hispania]] alipomrithi hakukubali jambo hilo na kusababisha uasi ulioenea kote ([[1566]]-[[1581]]) hadi wilaya saba zilipounda [[jamhuri]] iliyotambuliwa na [[Hispania]] [[mwaka]] [[1648]] tu, katika [[amani ya Westfalia]]. [[Karne ya 17]] ndipo nchi ilipofikia kilele cha [[ustawi]] wake, ikiwa na [[Koloni|makoloni]] mengi huko [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Afrika]] na [[Amerika]], pamoja na [[biashara]] kubwa ya kimataifa [[duniani]] kote. Karne iliyofuata Uingereza ulishika nafasi hiyo ya Uholanzi. Baada ya [[mapinduzi ya Kifaransa]] ([[1789]]) nchi ilitekwa na [[Wafaransa]] hadi [[Amani ya Vienna]] ([[1814]]-[[1815]]) iliyopanua Uholanzi huru tena, lakini kwa mfumo wa [[ufalme]]. Hata hivyo mwaka [[1830]] [[Ubelgiji]] ulijitenga na mwaka [[1890]] [[Luxemburg]] ilifanya vilevile. Uholanzi haukutaka kushiriki [[Vita vikuu vya kwanza]] vya dunia, lakini katika [[vita vikuu vya pili]] ulivamiwa na [[Ujerumani]] ([[1940]]-[[1945]]). Baadaye Uholanzi umejitahidi sana kushiriki katika mahusiano ya kimataifa na ni kati ya nchi waanzilishi wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. ==Demografia== Mnamo 2023, Uholanzi ina takriban watu milioni 17.9, na kuifanya kuwa moja ya nchi zenye msongamano mkubwa zaidi wa watu duniani. Takwimu za idadi ya watu zinadhibitiwa na taasisi ya kitaifa ya takwimu,( Statistics Netherlands (CBS)).<ref>{{Cite Web|title=Demografia za Uholanzi|author=CBS|url=https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/visualisations/dashboard-population |accessdate=2025-02-24|lang=en}}</ref> ===Muhtasari=== *'''Jumla ya Idadi ya Watu''' (2025): 18,425,700 ** Wanawake : 8.8 Milioni ** Wanaume : 8.7 Milioni *'''Kiwango cha Ukuaji wa Watu''' (2022): 0.6% *'''Kiwango cha Kuzaliwa''' (2022): Wazaliwa 9.6 kwa kila watu 1,000 *'''Kiwango cha Vifo''' (2022): Vifo 9.1 kwa kila watu 1,000 *'''Umri wa Kuishi (2023)''': Miaka 81.7 **''Wanaume'': Miaka 79.8 **''Wanawake'': Miaka 83.9 *'''Kiwango cha Uzazi''' (2022): Watoto 1.49 kwa kila mwanamke *'''Umri wa Kati (2023)''': Miaka 42.3 Uholanzi ni mojawapo ya nchi zilizoendelea zaidi mijini barani Ulaya, ambapo zaidi ya 92% ya watu wake wanaishi mijini. Ukuaji wa idadi ya watu umekuwa endelevu, hasa kutokana na uhamiaji na kuongezeka kwa umri wa kuishi, licha ya kiwango cha uzazi kuwa chini ya kiwango kinachohitajika kwa kizazi kujirejesha. ===Msongamano=== Uholanzi ni mojawapo ya nchi zilizo na msongamano mkubwa zaidi barani Ulaya, ikiwa na wastani wa watu 523 kwa kila kilomita ya mraba (2023). Wakazi wengi wanaishi katika Randstad, eneo la miji mikuu linalojumuisha Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, na Utrecht, ambalo lina takriban watu milioni 8.5 (karibu 50% ya idadi ya watu wote). Mikoa Yenye Idadi Kubwa ya Watu (2023): *1. '''Uholanzi kusini''' (Zuid-Holland): Milioni 3.8 *2. '''Uholanzi Kazkazini''' (Noord-Holland): Milioni 2.9 *3. '''Brabant Kazkazini''' (Noord-Brabant): Milioni 2.6 *4. '''Gelderland:''' Milioni 2.1 *5. '''Utrecht''': Milioni 1.4 Mkoa wenye idadi ndogo zaidi ya watu ni Zeeland, wenye takriban wakazi 390,000. === Makabila=== Uholanzi ina mchanganyiko mkubwa wa makabila, ulioathiriwa na historia yake ya ukoloni na uhamiaji wa baada ya Vita vya Pili vya Dunia. {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Kabila (Makadirio ya 2023) ! Kabila/Makundi ya Kikabila !! Idadi (makadirio) !! Asilimia |- | Waholanzi wa asili || 13.3M || 74.6% |- | Wahamiaji wasio wa Magharibi || 2.6M || 14.4% |- | Wamoroko || 426K || - |- | Waturuki || 416K || - |- | Wasurinamu || 349K || - |- | Waholanzi wa Karibiani (Antili & Aruba) || 172K|| - |- | Wahamiaji wa Magharibi || 2.0M || 11.0% |- | Wajerumani || 359K || - |- | Wapolandi || 260K || - |- | Wabelgiji || 12K || - |- | Waindonesia (kizazi cha uhamiaji wa enzi ya ukoloni) || 77K || - |} Waholanzi wengi wenye asili ya kigeni wanatoka Uturuki, Moroko, Surinam, na Indonesia, huku wahamiaji wapya wakitokea Ulaya Mashariki, hasa Polandi na Romania. Amsterdam na The Hague zina idadi kubwa ya wahamiaji na wakazi wa kimataifa kutokana na uwepo wa mashirika ya kimataifa. ===Miji Mikubwa === Uholanzi ni nchi ya mijini, ambapo watu wengi wanaishi katika maeneo ya miji mikubwa. Miji Mikubwa kwa Idadi ya Watu (2023): *1. [[Amsterdam]]: 921,000 *2. [[Rotterdam]]: 664,000 *3. '''The Hague''' (Den Haag): 562,000 *4. [[Utrecht]]: 361,000 *5. [[Eindhoven]]: 245,000 ===Muundo wa Umri === Idadi ya wazee inazidi kuongezeka, na sehemu kubwa ya watu wanazidi kuwa na umri mkubwa. * '''Chini ya 20''' : 21% *'''20 - 40''' : 26% *'''40-65''' : 33% *'''65-80''' : 15% *'''80+''' : 5% Kufikia mwaka 2050, inakadiriwa kuwa 26% ya idadi ya watu watakuwa na umri wa miaka 65 au zaidi, jambo linaloongeza mahitaji ya huduma za afya na pensheni. ===Uhamiaji === Uholanzi imekuwa nchi inayovutia wahamiaji, hasa kutoka kwa koloni zake za zamani na Umoja wa Ulaya. *Uhamiaji Halisi (2022): +224,000 *Wahamiaji Walioingia (2022): 403,000 *Wahamiaji Waliohama (2022): 179,000 Vyanzo Vikuu vya Uhamiaji: *1. Nchi za EU (Poland, Romania, Ujerumani, Ubelgiji) *2. Koloni za zamani za Uholanzi (Surinam, Indonesia, Karibiani ya Uholanzi) *3. Mashariki ya Kati na Afrika Kaskazini (Syria, Uturuki, Moroko) *4. Asia (India, China, Ufilipino) Mwaka 2022, Uholanzi ilishuhudia viwango vya juu vya uhamiaji kutokana na wakimbizi wa Ukraini, wahamiaji wa kazi, na wanafunzi wa kimataifa. ===Dini=== [[File:Basilica of St. Nicholas as seen from one of canals in Amsterdam, Netherlands, Northern Europe.jpg|thumb|250px|St Nicholas Basilica, Amsterdam]] Dini imepungua sana katika karne iliyopita, huku idadi ya watu wasio na dini ikiongezeka. Ufuasi wa Kidini (Makadirio ya 2024): *[[Ukristo]] (Jumla): 31% *[[Katoliki]]: 17% *[[Protestanti]] (PKN & Kiinjili): 14% *[[Uislamu]]: 6% (~milioni 1) *[[Uhindu]]: 1.0% (~170,000) *[[Ubuddha]]: 0.5% (~80,000) *[[Uyahudi]]: 0.1% (~30,000) *[[Wasio na dini]]: 56% Uholanzi ni moja ya nchi zenye watu wengi wasio na dini barani Ulaya, lakini dini bado ina ushawishi katika maeneo kama Brabant (Katoliki) na "Bible Belt" (Protestanti). ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] == Viungo vya nje == === Historia, jiografia na siasa === * [http://overheid.nl/guest/sites/ Overheid.nl] {{Wayback|url=http://overheid.nl/guest/sites/ |date=20060426105014 }} - Lango rasmi la serikali ya Uholanzi * [https://archive.today/20130105141320/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1104447749&men=gmap&lng=en&gln=xx&dat=32&geo=-160&srt=npan&col=aohdq Ramani na takwimu] * [http://www.statoids.com/unl.html Mikoa ya Uholanzi] * [http://www.cbs.nl/en-GB/menu/cijfers/default.htm CBS] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cbs.nl/en-GB/menu/cijfers/default.htm |date=20160330214048 }} - Takwimu rasmi * [http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572410/Netherlands.html Makala ya Encarta kuhusu Uholanzi] {{Wayback|url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572410/Netherlands.html |date=20060616203417 }} * [http://www.government.nl Government.nl] - Tovuti rasmi ya serikali ya Uholanzi * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/nl.html CIA - The World Factbook -- Netherlands] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/nl.html |date=20070509021408 }} * Habari za Uholanzi: [http://www.rnw.nl/ Radio Netherlands] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rnw.nl/ |date=20100429023739 }} - Redio ya Uholanzi kwa lugha ya Kiingereza === Kusafiri === * {{wikivoyage|Netherlands}} * [http://www.world66.com/europe/netherlands World66's guide to the Netherlands] {{Wayback|url=http://www.world66.com/europe/netherlands |date=20060513002849 }} - Kiongozi cha kusafiri kinachoandikwa na watumiaji. * [http://www.traveldir.org/netherlands/ Kiongozi cha kusafiri katika Uholanzi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.traveldir.org/netherlands/ |date=20060615195146 }} * [http://www.travel2netherlands.com Picha za Uholanzi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.travel2netherlands.com/ |date=20161028110151 }} * [http://www.justlanded.com/english/netherlands/ Just Landed Netherlands] {{Wayback|url=http://www.justlanded.com/english/netherlands/ |date=20060513200440 }} - Habari za manufaa kwa kuhamia Uholanzi === Viungo anuwai === * [http://www.deltaworks.org Ujenzi wa Delta kwa mtandao] {{Wayback|url=http://www.deltaworks.org/ |date=20200816144312 }} * [http://gallery.funonthenet.in/Places/Holland-Keukenhof-Gardens/ Keukenhof Bustani za Maua] {{Wayback|url=http://gallery.funonthenet.in/Places/Holland-Keukenhof-Gardens/ |date=20060504010137 }} - Picha nzuri mno za bustani za maua katika Uholanzi. * [http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/english/index.jsp Familia ya kifalme ya Uholanzi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/english/index.jsp |date=20100202034339 }} * [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Dutch Kiholanzi kwa wasemao Kiingereza] * [http://www.skyscrapercity.info/200.php?id=4&country=NL&limit=0 Orodha ya majengo marefu 1500 katika Uholanzi] {{Wayback|url=http://www.skyscrapercity.info/200.php?id=4&country=NL&limit=0 |date=20060508022418 }} {{Umoja wa Ulaya}} {{Ulaya}} {{Mbegu-jio-Ulaya}} [[Jamii:Uholanzi|*]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] ggjkc14tsvzew8w6f9lr9jq367i8i98 0 3681 1547854 1540735 2026-05-21T19:24:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Jamhuri ya Ufaransa | jina_asili = La République française ([[fr]]) | kauli_mbiu = Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité ([[fr]]) </br>Uhuru, Usawa, Undugu ([[sw]]) | wimbo_wa_taifa = "La Marseillaise" ([[fr]])<div style="padding-top:0.5em;" class="center">[[File:La Marseillaise.ogg]]</div> | bendera = Flag of France.svg | nembo = Armoiries république française.svg | ramani = France on the globe (France centered).svg | maelezo_ramani = <small><i>Eneo la Ufaransa</i></small> | ukubwawapicha = | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[Paris]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kifaransa]] | lugha2 = | kabila = {{plainlist| *92.2% [[Wafaransa]] *7.8% Wengine }} | dini = {{plainlist| *50% [[Ukristo]] *33% [[Wasio na dini]] *4% [[Uislamu]] *4% Dini Zinginezo }} | serikali = Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Rais | utaifa = Mfaransa | kiongozi1 = [[Emmanuel Macron]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = Rais | cheo_kiongozi2 = Waziri Mkuu | kiongozi_jina2 = François Bayrou | kiongozi3 = Rais wa Seneti | cheo_kiongozi3 = Gérard Larcher | bunge = Bunge La Ufaransa | muundo_uhuru = '''Historia''' | tukio1 = Ufalme wa Wafaransa wa Magharibi – Mkataba wa Verdun | tukio1_tarehe = 16 Agosti 843 | tukio2 = Jamhuri ya Kwanza ya Ufaransa | tukio2_tarehe = 22 Septemba 1792 | tukio3 = Katiba ya sasa – Jamhuri ya Tano ya Ufaransa | tukio3_tarehe = 4 Oktoba 1958 | eneo_jumla = 643,801 km² | eneo_ardhi = | eneo_maji = | asilimia_maji = 0.86 | idadi_ya_watu = {{increase}} 68,605,616 | mwaka_watu = 2025 | cheo_idadi_ya_watu = 20 | msongamano = 122 | plt_ppp = {{increase}} $4.44 Trilioni | pato_mwaka = 2024 | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $65,940 | plt = {{increase}} $3.17 Trilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = {{increase}} $48,070 | hdi = {{increase}} 0.910 | orodha_hdi = 28 | mwaka_maendeleo = 2022 | mwaka_gini = 2022 | gini = 29.7 | tovuti = | sarafu = [[Euro]] </br> CFP franc (XPF) | majira_saa = +1 | msimbo_simu = 33 | mtandao = .fr | upande_wa_kuendeshea = Kulia | tanbihi = <small><i>Pato La Taifa inatumia data ya IMF chapisho la 2024</small><br> <small>Eneo Jumla Pia linajumuisha maeneo ya Mbali ya Ufaransa</small> }} '''Ufaransa''', rasmi '''Jamhuri ya Ufaransa''' <i> (République française [[fr]])</i> ), ni [[nchi]] iliyopo [[Ulaya ya Magharibi|magharibi mwa Ulaya]]. Kulingana na sensa ya 2020 Ufaransa ina idadi ya watu milioni 67.1 na eneo la kilomita za mraba 643,801 .Inapakana na [[Ubelgiji]] na [[Uholanzi]] upande wa kaskazini, [[Ujerumani]], [[Uswidi]], na [[Italia]] upande wa mashariki, [[Uhispania]] na [[Andorra]] upande wa kusini-magharibi. Nchi pia ina maeneo ya ng'ambo, kama vile visiwa vya Caribbean, [[Bahama]], na Pasifiki. [[Mji mkuu]] na mkubwa ni [[Paris]], na lugha rasmi ni [[Kifaransa]]. Ufaransa ina uchumi ulioendelea sana na uliotofautiana, ikiwa miongoni mwa nchi kubwa zaidi duniani kwa [[Plt|pato la taifa la kawaida]]. <ref name="OECD">{{cite web |url=https://www.oecd.org/economy/france-economic-snapshot/ |title=France Economic Snapshot |website=OECD.org |publisher=OECD |date=2024 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> Inaendesha uchumi wa soko mchanganyiko wenye ushiriki mkubwa wa sekta ya umma katika maeneo kama [[nishati]], [[usafiri]], na huduma za afya. Sekta ya huduma ndiyo sehemu kuu ya uchumi, ikichangia sehemu kubwa zaidi ya [[pato la taifa]] na ajira, hasa katika [[fedha]], [[utalii]], biashara ya rejareja, na utawala wa umma. <ref name="WFB">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/france/ |title=France - World Factbook |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 20, 2026 |access-date=May 7, 2026 |archive-date=2022-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316080837/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/france/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ufaransa pia ni kitovu kikuu cha kimataifa cha [[utalii]], ikipokea mamilioni ya wageni wa kimataifa kila mwaka. <ref name="UNWTO">{{cite web |url=https://www.unwto.org/tourism-data/unwto-tourism-dashboard |title=International Tourism Highlights |website=UN Tourism |publisher=World Tourism Organization |date=2024 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> [[Sekta ya viwanda]] nchini Ufaransa imeendelea sana na inajumuisha anga na usafiri wa anga, utengenezaji wa magari, [[kemikali]], [[dawa]], bidhaa za anasa, na uzalishaji wa nishati. Ufaransa ni miongoni mwa wauzaji wakuu wa ndege na [[teknolojia]] ya anga duniani, hasa kupitia kampuni kama ''Airbus''. <ref name="Coface">{{cite web |url=https://www.coface.com/news-economy-and-insights/economic-publications/france-country-report |title=France: Major Economic Highlights |website=Coface |publisher=Coface |date=2025 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Pia ni mzalishaji mkubwa wa kilimo ndani ya [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], ikiwa na uzalishaji mkubwa wa ngano, maziwa, divai, na mifugo. Kilimo kinanufaika na matumizi ya teknolojia ya kisasa na ushirikiano mkubwa katika [[Umoja wa Ulaya|masoko ya EU]] kupitia Sera ya Pamoja ya Kilimo. <ref name="EC">{{cite web |url=https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/cap-my-country/cap-strategic-plans/france_en |title=CAP strategic plan: France |website=European Commission |publisher=European Commission |date=2023 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> Ufaransa ni jamhuri ya muundo wa serikali ya umoja yenye mfumo wa nusu-urais unaofafanuliwa na Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Tano, iliyoanzishwa mwaka 1958. <ref name="Elysee">{{cite web |url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-institutions |title=The French Institutions |website=elysee.fr |publisher=Élysée Palace |date=2024 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> Rais ni mkuu wa nchi na ana mamlaka makubwa ya kiutendaji, wakati [[Waziri Mkuu]] anaongoza [[serikali]] na anawajibika mbele ya [[Bunge]]. Bunge lina mabunge mawili, Bunge la Taifa na Seneti. Ufaransa ina nafasi kubwa katika masuala ya kimataifa kama mwanachama wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]], Baraza la Usalama la Umoja wa Mataifa, [[NATO]], na mashirika mengine ya kimataifa. <ref name="CFRFrance">{{cite web |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-france-is-governed |author=Claire Klobucista |title=How France is Governed |website=CFR.org |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations |date=January 15, 2024 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ufaransa pia ina utambulisho thabiti wa kitamaduni na kihistoria unaoathiri nafasi yake duniani. Imekuwa kituo kikuu cha sanaa, [[falsafa]], [[sayansi]], na fikra za kisiasa kwa karne nyingi. <ref name="BritannicaFrance">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/France |author=John Frederick Drinkwater |title=France - History, Culture, & Geography |website=Britannica |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica |date=April 12, 2026 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> [[Lugha]] na utamaduni wa [[Wafaransa|Kifaransa]] vinahamasishwa sana kupitia taasisi za kimataifa na diplomasia. Nchi hii pia ina maeneo ya ng’ambo katika mikoa mbalimbali, ambayo yanaongeza ushawishi wake wa kisiasa, kiuchumi, na kimkakati nje ya Ulaya ya bara. <ref name="WFB"/> ==Jiografia== [[Picha:Eiffel tower, extreme angle, 2003.jpg|thumb|200px|left|[[Mnara wa Eiffel]]]] [[File:600x600 GMT France topo-R1.jpg|thumb|Topografia ya Ufaransa]] Ufaransa ina [[pwani]] ndefu kwenye [[bahari]] ya [[Atlantiki]] pande za [[kaskazini]] na [[magharibi]] halafu kwenye [[Mediteranea]] upande wa [[kusini]]. Ufaransa ina pia [[Eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa|maeneo mengi ya ng'ambo]] yaliyokuwa makoloni yake zamani lakini kwa sasa ni sehemu rasmi za [[Jamhuri ya Ufaransa]] na wakazi wao ni [[raia]] wenye [[haki]] zote. Kati ya maeneo haya kuna hasa visiwa katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]], [[Amerika ya Kusini]], [[Bahari ya Karibi]], [[Afrika]], [[Bahari Hindi]] halafu [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]]. ===Mito=== Baadhi ya [[mito]] ya Ufaransa ni: * [[Mto Charente]] * [[Mto Doubs]] * [[Mto Garonne]] * [[Mto Isère]] * [[Mto Loire]] * [[Mto Marne]] * [[Mto Rhine]] * [[Mto Rhône]] * [[Mto Saône]] * [[Mto Seine]] * [[Mto Yser]] ==Historia== ===Historia ya awali=== Ufaransa ulikaliwa na [[watu]] tangu [[muda]] mrefu sana. [[Utafiti]] wa [[akiolojia]] umeonyesha [[vifaa]] vya [[mawe]] vyenye [[umri]] wa miaka [[laki]] iliyopita. ===Gallia=== Watu wa Ufaransa waliingia katika [[historia andishi]] kupitia taarifa za [[waandishi]] wa [[Roma ya Kale]] walioeleza habari za majirani wao [[Wagallia]] katika [[Italia ya kaskazini]] na Ufaransa wa leo. Hao Wagallia walikuwa [[Wakelti]] na mara kwa mara katika hali ya [[vita]] kati yao na [[Waroma]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[58 KK]] Juliasi [[Caesar]] aliteka na kutawala Gallia yote kwa niaba ya [[Jamhuri ya Roma]]. Gallia ikaendelea kuwa moja ya [[majimbo]] tajiri ya Roma na wakazi wengi walitumia [[lahaja]] za [[Kilatini]] kilichopata kuwa [[mama]] wa [[Kifaransa]] cha sasa. Lahaja za [[Kikelti]] zilibaki katika maeneo ya kando tu, kwa mfano [[Bretagne]]. Polepole wakazi wengi walipata kuwa [[Wakristo]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]]. ===Sehemu ya Milki ya Wafaranki=== Wakati wa kuporomoka kwa [[Dola la Roma]] ma[[kabila]] ya [[Kigermanik]] waliingia katika eneo la Ufaransa na kuchukua [[utawala]] [[Mkono|mikononi]] mwao. Kabila la Kigermanik la [[Wafaranki]]<ref>jina la Kilatini "Franci" ni asili ya maneno kama "Ufaransa, Kifaransa" na pia "Frankonia" inayotaja sehemu ya Ujerumani - hasa Bavaria kaskazini- ambako watu hujiita "Franken" hadi leo. Maumbo tofauti kwa [[Kiswahili]] yametokea na jina asilia; yaani [[herufi]] "c" ilipata mara matamshi kama "k" (Franki) au "s" (-faransa)</ref> lilitawala sehemu kubwa ya Ufaransa pamoja na [[Ujerumani]] ya [[magharibi]] mnamo mwaka [[500]]. [[Mfalme]] wao [[Chlodvig I]] (''tamka klod-vig'') alipokea Ukristo wa Kikatoliki kama [[dini rasmi]] ya [[milki]] yake. Mfalme [[Karolo Mkuu]] alipanua mipaka ya [[milki]] hadi Ujerumani ya [[kaskazini]] na [[Italia]] na mwaka [[800]] akapokea [[cheo]] cha [[Kaisari]] wa [[Roma]] kwa mikono ya [[Papa Leo III]]. ===Chanzo cha ufalme wa Ufaransa=== Baada ya [[kifo]] cha Karolo na [[Mwana|mwanawe]], milki iligawiwa kati ya warithi kwenye [[mkataba wa Verdun]] mwaka [[843]]. Miaka 100 baadaye [[mtemi]] wa [[Paris]] [[Hugo Capet]] alichukua nafasi ya [[mjukuu|wajukuu]] wa Karolo na wafuasi wake waliendelea kuimarisha [[mamlaka]] ya kifalme. Ugawaji wa mwaka 843 ulikuwa chanzo cha Ufaransa kama nchi ya pekee. Mwanzoni ilijulikana kama "milki ya Wafaranki wa magharibi" ilhali sehemu za Ujerumani ziliitwa "milki ya Wafaranki wa mashariki". Lakini [[Wagermanik]] katika Ufaransa walikuwa wameshaacha lugha yao asilia na kutumia kile Kilatini-Kifaransa cha siku zile. Wafalme wa sehemu walikuwa dhaifu mwanzoni na mamlaka kubwa ilikuwa mikononi wa ma[[kabaila]] katika majimbo ya ufalme. ===Ufaransa na Uingereza=== Kwa [[karne]] kadhaa [[historia]] ya Ufaransa ilikuwa na ugumu wa pekee kutokana na mchanganyiko wake na historia ya [[Uingereza]]. Mwaka [[1066]] mtemi [[William I wa Uingereza|William]] wa [[Normandi]] aliyekuwa chini ya mfalme wa Ufaransa alivamia Uingereza na kuwa mfalme huko lakini yeye pamoja na warithi wake waliendelea kuwa watemi wa jimbo la Normandi. Kwa njia hiyo watemi wa Normandi waliingia mara nyingi kwa nguvu katika [[siasa]] ya Ufaransa. Baada ya kifo cha mtawala wa mwisho kutoka [[ukoo]] wa Hugo Capet [[Wanormandi]] walidai cheo cha mfalme wa Ufaransa na hii ilikuwa chanzo cha [[vita ya miaka 100]]. Mwishowe Waingereza walipaswa kuacha karibu [[mali]] yote kutoka urithi wa [[Wanormandi]]. ===Kilele cha ufalme hadi mapinduzi ya 1789=== [[File:Acta Eruditorum - III mappe Francia, 1703 – BEIC 13363829.jpg|thumb|''Francia'', 1703]] Milki ya Ufaransa iliendelea kuwa nchi yenye nguvu katika [[Ulaya]]. Katika [[vita ya miaka 30]] ([[1618]] - [[1648]]) iliweza kujipatia nafasi ya mwamuzi katika [[siasa]] ya Ulaya bara. Wakati huohuo [[matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti]] yalikuwa yameshaenea na watemi [[Waprotestanti]] walitawala maeneo makubwa ya Ufaransa. Mfalme [[Louis XIV wa Ufaransa]] aliona hali hiyo kama [[hatari]] kwa mamlaka yake, akafuta [[ahadi]] zote kwa Waprotestanti hadi wakaondoka nchini kwa wingi. Baada ya Louis XIV, waandamizi wake waliongeza ma[[deni]] ya [[serikali]] kwa [[vita]] vingi dhidi ya Uingereza na [[ujenzi]] wa ma[[jumba]] makubwa. Matatizo makali ya ki[[uchumi]] pamoja na mawazo mapya ya [[Zama za Mwangaza]] yalisababisha [[mapinduzi ya Kifaransa]] ya mwaka [[1789]]. Mamlaka ya mfalme iliondolewa na baada ya kipindi [[jamhuri]] kutangaziwa ilhali mfalme alishtakiwa kuwa [[msaliti]] na kupewa [[adhabu ya mauti]]. ===Napoleone=== Baada ya mapinduzi, Ufaransa uliingia katika vita na falme nyingine za Ulaya zilizoona [[mapinduzi]] ni hatari kwao. Wapinzani walikuwa hasa [[Uingereza]], [[Austria]] na pia [[Prussia]]. Kwa jumla jeshi la kimapinduzi lilifaulu kutetea eneo la Ufaransa na kuingia katika sehemu za Ujerumani, [[Uholanzi]] na Italia. Katika vita hivyo [[afisa]] [[kijana]], kwa jina [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], alipanda vyeo haraka hadi kuingia katika siasa; mwaka [[1799]] alichukua mamlaka yote kwa kutumia cheo cha "[[konsuli]] wa kwanza" na tangu [[1804]] alijiita "[[Kaisari]] wa Wafaransa". Katika vita vya mfululizo aliteka sehemu kubwa ya nchi za Ulaya au kuzilazimisha kumfuata. Baada ya kushinda Prussia na Austria na kutawala Italia pamoja na [[Hispania]] alikuwa mkuu wa Ulaya. Lakini vita alivyoanzishwa mwaka [[1812]] dhidi ya [[Urusi]] vilikuwa msingi wa kushindwa kwake. Mwaka [[1814]] alipaswa [[kusalimu amri]], akapelekwa kwenye [[kisiwa]] cha [[Elba]] (Italia); aliporudi barani na kujaribu kuwa mkuu wa Ufaransa tena, jeshi lake lilishindwa katika [[mapigano ya Waterloo]] mwaka [[1815]] na Napoleon akawa [[mfungwa]] kwenye kisiwa cha [[St Helena]] hadi [[kifo]] chake. ===Karne mbili za mwisho=== Baadaye ufalme ulirudishwa kwa msaada wa nchi zilizoshauriana pamoja kwenye [[mkutano wa Vienna]] [[1815]], lakini ulipinduliwa tena. Katika [[karne ya 19]] Ufaransa ulijitwalia [[Koloni|makoloni]] mengi, hasa [[Afrika]]. Katika [[vita vikuu vya kwanza]], ulivamiwa na Wajerumani, lakini mwisho uliibuka na [[ushindi]] na kurudishiwa mikoa ya [[Alsace]] na [[Lorraine]] iliyotekwa na Ujerumani katika vita vya mwaka [[1870]]. Baada ya [[vita vikuu vya pili]] ambako nchi ilitekwa na Ujerumani kwa kiasi kikubwa, Ufaransa ulipata [[katiba mpya]] na kujiunga na [[NATO]] ([[1949]]) na mwanzo wa [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] (tangu [[1951]]). Ilihesabiwa kati ya washindi wa vita na kupata [[kiti cha kudumu]] kwenye [[Baraza la Usalama la UM]]. Wakati huohuo utawala wake juu ya makoloni ulianza kuporomoka. Baada ya kushindwa katika [[Vita vya kwanza vya Indochina]] mwaka [[1954]] Ufaransa ulipaswa kukubali [[uhuru]] wa [[Vietnam Kaskazini]], [[Vietnam Kusini]], [[Laos]] na [[Kambodia]]. Makoloni yake mengi katika Afrika yalipata [[uhuru]] bila vita mnamo [[1960]]. Ila Aljeria, iliyowahi kutangazwa kuwa sehemu ya Ufaranya yenyewe, ilipata uhuru wake baada ya vita vikali vya kupigania uhuru vya miaka 1954 - [[1962]]. Katika kipindi hiki cha vurugu [[jenerali]] [[Charles de Gaulle]] alichaguliwa kuwa [[rais]] chini ya katiba mpya iliyounda mfumo wa rais kama kiongozi wa [[serikali]] mwenye [[mamlaka]] makubwa. [[Chama cha kisiasa|Vyama]] mbalimbali vilivyoendelea kutetea [[itikadi]] ya de Gaulle hata baada ya [[kifo]] chake vinaendelea kuwa mkondo muhimu katika siasa ya Ufaransa na marais walichaguliwa ama kutoka mkondo huo ([[Jaques Chirac]], [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]) au kutoka Chama cha Kisoshalisti ([[Francois Mitterand]], [[Francois Hollande]]). Tangu [[miaka ya 1980]] chama kipya cha [[Front National]] kilianza kupata [[kura]] kikipinga uhusiano wa karibu na Umoja wa Ulaya na [[wahamiaji]] [[Waislamu]] kutoka nchi za [[Afrika ya Kaskazini]]. Katika [[uchaguzi]] wa rais wa mwaka [[2017]] ilitokea kwa mara ya kwanza ya kwamba wagombea wa vyama vikubwa walishindwa kupata kura nyingi na awamu ya mwisho ya uchaguzi ilikuwa kati ya mgombea wa kujitegemea [[Emmanuel Macron]] (aliyepata urais) na [[Marine Le Pen]] wa Front National. ==Utawala== {{Kigezo:Mikoa ya Ufaransa}} {{main|Orodha ya departments za Ufaransa}} Baada ya [[Mapinduzi ya Ufaransa|mapinduzi]] ya mwaka [[1789]] Ufaransa yote iligawiwa katika wilaya (kwa Kifaransa "département") zilizoongozwa na mkuu (prefect) aliyekuwa mwakilishi wa [[serikali kuu]]. Tangu mwaka [[1964]] wilaya ziliwekwa chini ya ngazi mpya ya [[mikoa]] ("région"). Tangu mwaka [[1982]] Ufaransa ilianza kutumia mfumo wa [[ugatuzi]] na kuipa mikoa, wilaya na [[kata]] zake kiwango cha [[madaraka]] ya kujitawala. Mikoa huwa sasa na bunge zao. Kiasili Ufaransa ya Ulaya ilikuwa na mikoa 22. Idadi hiyo ilipunguzwa mwaka 2016. Kwa sasa kuna mikoa 13 Ufaransa ya Ulaya halafu [[Eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa|mikoa 5 ya ng'ambo]] huko Amerika Kusini na katika Bahari Hindi. ==Demografia== Tangu muda mrefu Ufaransa imepokea [[wahamiaji]] wengi, hivi kwamba 7.7% za wakazi ni wageni; tena 23% wana walau [[mzazi]] au [[babu]]/[[bibi]] mmoja aliyezaliwa nje ya nchi. 13% za wakazi wana [[asili]] ya [[Afrika]] ([[kaskazini kwa Sahara|kaskazini]] au [[kusini kwa Sahara]]). === Lugha === [[Lugha ya taifa]] ni [[Kifaransa]] lakini kuna lugha za maeneo kama vile [[Kibaski]], [[Kibretoni]], [[Kikatalani]], [[Kikorsika]], [[Kijerumani]], [[Kiholanzi]] na [[Kioksitania]]. Wahamiaji kutoka nchi zilizokuwa makoloni ya Ufaransa walileta pia lugha zao, hasa [[Kiarabu]] na [[Kiberber]] kutoka [[Afrika ya Kaskazini]]. === Dini === Ufaransa haina [[dini rasmi]] lakini wakazi walio wengi (47%) ni [[Wakatoliki]]. 2% ni [[Waprotestanti]] na 1% [[Ukristo|Wakristo]] wengine. 4% ni [[Waislamu]] kutokana na wahamiaji milioni 5-6 kutoka makoloni ya zamani katika Afrika ya Kaskazini au [[Afrika Magharibi|Magharibi]] pamoja na watoto wao. 2% ni [[Wabuddha]] na 1% [[Wayahudi]]. 33% hawana [[dini]] yoyote<ref>"Etat des lieux de la laïcité en France - 2021" (PDF) (official statistics) (in French). Observatoire de la laïcité, Government of France.</ref>. === Majiji === * '''[[Orodha ya miji ya Ufaransa]]''' #[[Paris]] # [[Lyon]] # [[Marseille]] # [[Toulouse]] # [[Toulon]] # [[Lille]] # [[Brest]] # [[Nice]] # [[Amiens]] # [[Angers]] # [[Bordeaux]] # [[Caen]] # [[Dijon]] # [[Metz]] # [[Nantes]] # [[Nîmes]] # [[Rennes]] # [[Montpellier]] # [[Grenoble]] # [[Strasbourg]] # [[Saint-Étienne]] == Uchumi == [[File:Paris France 6.jpg|thumb|[[Paris]], Ufaransa]] Uchumi wa Ufaransa ni miongoni mwa mkubwa zaidi duniani na wa pili kwa ukubwa ndani ya Umoja wa Ulaya, ukiwa na [[pato la taifa]] la kawaida linalokadiriwa kufikia takriban dola trilioni 3.24 mwaka 2026. <ref name="IMF_April_2026">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2026/April/ |title=World Economic Outlook Database: April 2026 |website=IMF.org |date=April 14, 2026 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> Ni uchumi ulioendelea sana wa aina ya soko mchanganyiko unaojulikana kwa ushiriki mkubwa wa serikali katika sekta muhimu kama [[nishati]], [[usafiri]], na [[huduma]] za umma. <ref name="CIA_WFB_France">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/france/ |title=France - World Factbook |website=cia.gov |date=April 20, 2026 |access-date=May 7, 2026 |archive-date=2022-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316080837/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/france/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nchi inanufaika na [[miundombinu]] iliyoendelea, nguvu kazi yenye ujuzi, na ushirikiano mkubwa ndani ya soko la pamoja la Ulaya. [[Euro]] ni sarafu rasmi, kwani Ufaransa ni mwanachama wa eneo la euro. <ref name="EU_Commission_Euro">{{cite web |url=https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/euro/eu-countries-and-euro/france-and-euro_en |title=France and the euro |website=European Commission |date=2023 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> Sekta ya huduma ndiyo inayoongoza uchumi wa Ufaransa, ikichangia sehemu kubwa zaidi ya [[pato la taifa]] na ajira. <ref name="Britannica_Econ_France">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/France/Economy |author=John Frederick Drinkwater |title=Economy of France |website=Britannica |date=April 12, 2026 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> Maeneo muhimu ni [[fedha]], [[bima]], biashara ya rejareja, [[mawasiliano ya simu]], [[afya]], [[elimu]], na utawala wa umma. Utalii ni sehemu muhimu sana ya uchumi, kwani Ufaransa mara kwa mara huwa miongoni mwa nchi zinazotembelewa zaidi duniani, ikipokea mamilioni ya watalii wa kimataifa kila mwaka. <ref name="UN_Tourism_Dashboard">{{cite web |url=https://www.unwto.org/tourism-data/unwto-tourism-dashboard |title=International Tourism Highlights |website=UN Tourism |date=2024 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> [[Paris]] ni kituo kikuu cha kimataifa cha [[biashara]], [[utamaduni]], mitindo, na fedha. [[Viwanda]] na [[kilimo]] pia vina nafasi muhimu katika uchumi wa Ufaransa. Sekta ya viwanda inajumuisha anga na usafiri wa anga, utengenezaji wa magari, kemikali, dawa, bidhaa za anasa, na uzalishaji wa nishati, huku Ufaransa ikiwa miongoni mwa wauzaji wakuu wa ndege duniani kupitia kampuni kama Airbus. <ref name="Coface_France_Report">{{cite web |url=https://www.coface.com/news-economy-and-insights/economic-publications/france-country-report |title=France: Major Economic Highlights |website=Coface |date=2025 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kilimo ni miongoni mwa kilimo chenye tija kubwa zaidi barani [[Ulaya]], kikizalisha nafaka, divai, bidhaa za maziwa, na nyama, kikiwa kinaungwa mkono na mbinu za kisasa za kilimo na sera za kilimo za [[Umoja wa Ulaya]]. <ref name="EU_Agri_France">{{cite web |url=https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/cap-my-country/cap-strategic-plans/france_en |title=CAP strategic plan: France |website=European Commission |date=2023 |access-date=May 7, 2026 }} </ref> Ufaransa pia ni muuzaji mkubwa wa bidhaa na huduma nje ya nchi, ikiwa na uhusiano imara wa kibiashara ndani ya Ulaya na duniani kote. <ref name="CIA_WFB_France"/> == Watu maarufu == * [[Adolphe Adam]] * [[Albert Camus]] * [[Albert Schweitzer]] * [[Alois Maria wa Montfort]] * [[Anselm wa Canterbury]] * [[Bernardo wa Clairvaux]] * [[Blaise Pascal]] * [[Charles de Foucald]] * [[Charles Sacleux]] * [[Daniel Auber]] * [[François Mauriac]] * [[Fransisko wa Sales]] * [[Gregori wa Tours]] * [[Henri Bergson]] * [[Henri Matisse]] * [[Hilari wa Poitiers]] * [[Jacques Maritain]] * [[Jacques Monod]] * [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] * [[Jeanne d'Arc]] * [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] * [[John Calvin]] * [[Koleta Boylet]] * [[Le Corbusier]] * [[Louis Pasteur]] * [[Ludoviko IX]] * [[Marcel Proust]] * [[Margareta Maria Alacoque]] * [[Marie Curie]] * [[Martino wa Tours]] * [[Molière]] * [[Paul Sabatier]] * [[Paulino wa Nola]] * [[Pierre Curie]] * [[René Descartes]] * [[Teresa wa Mtoto Yesu]] * [[Valdo]] * [[Victor Hugo]] * [[Vinsenti wa Paulo]] * [[Voltaire]] * [[Yoana Antida Thouret]] * [[Yoana Fransiska wa Chantal]] * [[Yohane Baptista de La Salle]] * [[Yohane Maria Vianney]] == Tazama pia == * [[Orodha ya miji ya Ufaransa]] * [[Orodha ya départements za Ufaransa]] * [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]] ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.traveldir.org/france/ France Travel Guide] {{Wayback|url=http://www.traveldir.org/france/ |date=20061018235436 }} * [http://annuairepagesblanches.org/pages-jaunes Pages Jaunes] Ufaransa kitabu cha simu * [http://www.pictures-europe.com/holidays-france.htm France Pictures] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pictures-europe.com/holidays-france.htm |date=20060709080033 }} * [http://www.pictures-europe.com/map/map-france.htm France Map] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pictures-europe.com/map/map-france.htm |date=20060709085051 }} * [http://meteo.12.growiktionary.org France Weather] {{Wayback|url=http://meteo.12.growiktionary.org/ |date=20141219183853 }} [[Jamii:Ufaransa| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Umoja wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Mkataba wa Schengen]] [[Jamii:Umoja wa Forodha wa Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G7]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G8]] [[Jamii:Nchi za G20]] [[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia lugha ya Kifaransa]] == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Nchi]] e0rx7qrw6b4z2zzfu8bcfsets0kypro 0 3781 1547861 1545917 2026-05-21T19:37:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{about|nchi katika Ufalme wa Muungano|}} {{Jedwali la nchi | jina_rasmi = Uingereza | jina_asili = England ([[en]]) | kauli_mbiu = | wimbo_wa_taifa = "God Save the King" | bendera = Flag of England.svg | nembo = Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg | ramani = England (orthographic projection).svg | maelezo_ramani = <small><i>Eneo la Uingereza</i></small> | ukubwawapicha = | mji_mkubwa_na_mkuu = [[London]] | lugha_rasmi = [[Kiingereza]] | lugha2 = | kabila = {{plainlist| *81.0% [[Wazungu]] *9.6% [[Asia|Waasia]] *4.2% [[Waafrika]] *3.0% [[Chotara]] *2.2% Wengine }} | dini = {{plainlist| *46.3% [[Ukristo]] *36.7% [[Wasio na dini]] *6.7% [[Uislamu]] *1.8% [[Uhindi]] *0.9% [[Kalasinga]] *0.5% [[Uyahudi]] }} | serikali = Utawala wa moja kwa moja wa Uingereza wenye ugatuzi wa sehemu chini ya kifalme wa kikatiba. | utaifa = [[Mwingereza]] | kiongozi1 = [[Charles III]] | cheo_kiongozi1 = [[Mfalme]] | cheo_kiongozi2 = | kiongozi_jina2 = | kiongozi3 = | cheo_kiongozi3 = | bunge = | tukio1 = | tukio1_tarehe = | tukio2 = | tukio2_tarehe = | tukio3 = | tukio3_tarehe = | eneo_jumla = 132,932 km² | eneo_ardhi = | eneo_maji = | asilimia_maji = | watu_kadirio = {{increase}} 57,106,398 | mwaka_kadirio = 2024 | cheo_idadi_ya_watu = | msongamano = | plt_ppp = | pato_mwaka = | plt_ppp_kwa_mtu = | plt = {{increase}} £2.162 trilioni | plt_kwa_mtu = £37,852 </br> ($46,951) | hdi = | orodha_hdi = | mwaka_maendeleo = | mwaka_gini = | gini = | tovuti = | sarafu = [[Pauni ya Sterling]] | majira_saa = +0 (GMT) | msimbo_simu = 44 | mtandao = | upande_wa_kuendeshea = Kushoto | tanbihi = Uingereza ni nchi ndani ya [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | muundo_tarehe = dd/mm/yyyy }} '''Uingereza''' (pia: '''Ingilandi''' kutoka [[Kiingereza]]: '''England''') ni nchi ndani ya [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]. Inapakana na [[Uskoti]] upande wa kaskazini, [[Welisi]] upande wa magharibi. [[Bahari ya Eire]] upande wa kaskazini-magharibi, [[Bahari ya Celtic]] ipo kusini-magharibi, na [[Bahari ya Kaskazini]] ipo mashariki, huku Mfereji wa Kiingereza ukiitenganisha na bara la [[Ulaya]] upande wa kusini. Uingereza inashughulikia sehemu kubwa ya kusini ya kisiwa [[Ufalme wa Muungano|cha]] [[Britania]] na ina asilimia 84 ya idadi ya watu wa [[Ufalme wa Muungano]]. Mji wake mkuu ni [[London]], ambao pia ni mji mkubwa zaidi nchini [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] Uingereza ina mandhari mbalimbali inayojumuisha vilima vinavyopinda, nyanda [[tambarare]], na maeneo ya milima kama Eneo la Ziwa (Lake District) na Milima ya Pennines. Mito yake mikubwa ni pamoja na [[Mto Thames]], Severn, na Trent. Uingereza ina hali ya hewa ya baharini yenye [[Majira ya joto|joto]] la wastani, ikiwa na halijoto za wastani na mvua katika kipindi chote cha mwaka. Nchi hii ina miji mingi, ikiwa na miji mikubwa kama [[Birmingham]], [[Manchester]], [[Liverpool]], [[Leeds]], na [[Newcastle]], pamoja na miji yake ya [[historia|kihistoria]] na vijiji vya mashambani vinavyovutia mamilioni ya watalii kila mwaka. [[Historia|Kihistoria]], Uingereza imekuwa na nafasi ya kipekee katika maendeleo ya utamaduni wa Magharibi, [[sheria]], [[sayansi]], na [[viwanda]]. Hapa ndipo palipozaliwa lugha ya [[Kiingereza]], Mapinduzi ya Kiwanda (''Industrial Revolution''), na watu mashuhuri wengi katika [[fasihi]], [[falsafa]], na [[siasa]]. Mfumo wa sheria ya kawaida (common law) wa Uingereza, demokrasia ya bunge, na taasisi kama vile ufalme, zimekuwa na athari kubwa duniani. Leo, Uingereza bado ni kitovu cha [[uchumi]], [[utamaduni]], na [[siasa]] ndani ya [[Ufalme wa Muungano]], na inaendelea kuathiri mienendo ya [[dunia] katika [[muziki]], [[michezo]], [[elimu]], na [[teknolojia]] . ==Jina== {{Vyanzo}} Katika [[lugha]] ya kila siku "Uingereza" hutaja mara nyingi Ufalme wote au kisiwa chote cha Britania. Lakini kwa usahihi "Uingereza" ni ile sehemu kubwa zaidi [[kusini]] mwa kisiwa, tofauti na nchi za [[Welisi]] (Wales, upande wa [[magharibi]]) na [[Uskoti]] (Scotland, upande wa [[kaskazini]]).[[Asili]] ya [[jina]] la [[Kiswahili]] ni neno <big>إنجليزي</big> ''injilisi'' ''(matamshi ya Kimisri: ingilisi)''" katika lugha ya [[Kiarabu]]; [[Waarabu]] walisikia jina "inglish" wakirahisisha matamshi kuwa "inglis", wakaongeza [[sauti]] fupi kati ya "g" na "l", hivyo kufikia kwa "ingilis" ambako "i" ya pili ni fupi kiasi cha kusikia pia "e" na hivyo ilipokewa na [[Waswahili]]. Kwa namna ya [[Kibantu]] sauti ya "l" ikawa "r": ingelesi kuwa ingereza. == Jiografia == [[File:Topographic Map of the UK - Blank.png|thumb|Topografia ya Ufalme wa Muungano]] [[Picha:Widecombe in the Moor, Devon.jpg|thumb|Mazingira ya vilima vya Devon, kusini-magharibi ya Uingereza]] Uingereza iko kwenye kisiwa cha Britania ambacho ndicho kisiwa kikubwa cha [[Ulaya]]. Inapakana na [[Welisi]] upande wa magharibi na [[Uskoti]] upande wa kaskazini. Upande wa magharibi iko [[Bahari ya Eire]], na ng'ambo yake kisiwa cha [[Eire]] (Ireland). Upande wa [[mashariki]] iko [[Bahari ya Kaskazini]], ng'ambo yake [[Denmark]], [[Ujerumani]] na [[Uholanzi]]; upande wa kusini uko [[Mfereji wa Kiingereza]] halafu kusini-magharibi [[Bahari Atlantiki]], ng'ambo yake [[Ufaransa]] na [[Ubelgiji]]. Tangu mwaka [[1994]] chini ya mfereji huo kuna njia ya [[reli]] kwa [[tobwe]] inayounganisha Uingereza na Ufaransa. Uingereza ina visiwa vingi vidogo; kikubwa ni [[Isle of Wight]] katika kusini. [[Pwani]] zake ni ndefu, hakuna mahali palipo mbali zaidi ya [[km]] 113 kutoka [[bahari]]ni. Sehemu kubwa ya nchi ni ama tambarare au vilima vidogo; mwinuko wa juu ni [[Scafell Pike]] yenye [[kimo]] cha [[mita]] 978. Kumbe [[milima]] mirefu ya Britania iko Welisi na Uskoti. ===Tabianchi=== [[Tabianchi]] ya Uingereza inaathiriwa na mahali pake baharini inayopitiwa na [[Mkondo wa Ghuba]] na [[latitudo|latitudo ya kaskazini]]. Athari hizo zinaleta tabianchi fufutende ya kibahari; kwa [[wastani]] [[baridi]] haishuki chini ya 0 [[°C]] na [[joto]] halipandi juu ya 32 °C. Hata hivyo vipindi vya [[jeledi]] au [[joto]] kali zaidi vinaweza kutokea kwa [[siku]] kadhaa. Miezi ya baridi ni [[Januari]] na [[Februari]]. [[Julai]] kwa kawaida ni mwezi wenye joto zaidi. [[Hali ya hewa]] mara nyingi ni nyevunyevu na [[mvua]] inaweza kutokea mwaka wote. Vipindi vya mvua na [[jua]] hubadilishana haraka. ===Miji ya Uingereza=== [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[London]]. Kati ya [[miji]] mikubwa ya Uingereza ni: [[London]] (wakazi 9,787,426), [[Manchester]] (2,553,379), [[Birmingham]] (pamoja na West Midlands 2,440,986), [[Leeds]] (pamoja na West Yorkshire 1,777,934), [[Sheffield]], [[Bradford]] na [[Liverpool]]. === Mito ya Uingereza === [[Picha:CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg|thumb|left|320px|Mto Thames katika London mnamo mwaka 1750]] {{main|Mito ya Uingereza}} Kutokana na tabianchi yenye mvua ya kutosha kuna [[mito]] mingi nchini. Mito mirefu ni Thames (km 346) na Severn (km 350). * [[Severn (mto)|Severn]] (mto mrefu wa [[Britania]]) * [[Thames (mto)|Thames]] (mto mrefu katika Uingereza) * [[Trent (mto)|Trent]] * [[Humber (mto)|Humber]] * [[Tyne (mto)|Tyne]] * [[Tees (mto)|Tees]] * [[Ribble (mto)|Ribble]] * [[Ouse (mto)|Ouse]] * [[Mersey (mto)|Mersey]] * [[Dee (mto)|Dee]] * [[Avon (mto)|Avon]] === Mikoa ya Uingereza === {{Uingerezamap|width={{{width|250}}}}} {{main|Mikoa ya Uingereza}} Kihistoria Uingereza iligawiwa katika [[kaunti]] (''counties'') na miji (''boroughs''). Nchi yote imegawiwa leo katika [[mikoa]] (regions) 9. Mikoa kadhaa huwa na [[mamlaka]] fulani ya kiutawala, lakini si yote. Vinginevyo [[utawala]] wa kieneo kunatokea hasa kwenye ngazi ya kaunti na [[halmashauri]] ndani ya kila mkoa. == Historia == Uingereza ilikaliwa na [[makabila]] ya [[Wabritania]] wenye lugha za [[Kikelti]] na kuvamiwa na [[Dola la Roma]] katika [[karne ya 2]] [[BK]]. Ikawa sehemu ya Dola la Roma hadi [[karne ya 5]] BK. Wakati ule [[Waroma wa Kale|Waroma]] walipaswa kuondoa [[wanajeshi]] wao kisiwani kwa ajili ya [[ulinzi]] wa nchi za [[bara]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/England|title=England|language=english|publisher=Britannica|accessdate=2026-04-11}}</ref> === Uvamizi wa Waanglia-Saksoni === Katika [[karne ya 5|karne za 5]] na [[Karne ya 6|6]] BK makabila ya [[Kigermanik]] walivamia kisiwa hasa [[Wasaksoni]], [[Waangli]] na [[Wadenmark]]. Walileta [[Lugha za Kigermanik|lugha zao za Kigermanik]] zilizochukua nafasi ya lugha ya [[Wabritania]]. Wabritania na Waroma waliokuwa wamebaki walihamia maeneo ya kando kama Welisi au [[Cornwall]] au kuvuka mfereji wa Uingereza kwenda [[Britania Ndogo]] (Kiingereza: Brittany; [[Kifaransa]]: Bretagne). [[Karne]] zilizofuata kisiwa kiliona [[madola]] madogo na hali ya [[vita]]. [[Mwaka]] [[937]] [[Mfalme]] [[Athelstan]] aliweza kuunganisha karibu eneo lote la Uingereza ya leo. === Uvamizi wa Wanormani === Mwaka [[1066]] wanajeshi [[Wanormani]] kutoka kaskazini mwa Ufaransa walivamia Uingereza na kuiteka yote chini ya mtemi [[William Mshindi]]. Wavamizi walitawala wakitumia aina ya Kifaransa. Lugha zote mbili za wananchi na za mabwana ziliendelea pamoja sambamba hadi kuwa lugha moja cha [[Kiingereza]]. === Ufalme wa Muungano === Tangu mwaka [[1601]] mfalme [[James VI wa Uskoti]] alichaguliwa kuwa mfalme wa Uingereza pia. Nchi jirani zote mbili ziliendelea na wafalme wa pamoja hadi mwaka [[1707]]. Mwaka ule Uingereza pamoja na Welisi na Uskoti ziliunganishwa kuwa [[Ufalme wa Muungano wa Britania]]. Tangu mwaka [[1801]] jina likawa [[Ufalme wa Muungano wa Britania na Eire]] (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland) hadi [[1927]] wakati sehemu kubwa ya Eire ikapata [[uhuru]] wake. Tangu hapo Uingereza ni sehemu ya [[Ufalme wa Muungano wa Britania na Eire ya Kaskazini]] (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland). [[Picha:Liverpool skyline.jpg|thumb|330px|Mji wa Liverpool]] == Uchumi== [[File:London city.jpg|thumb|[[London]], Uingereza]] Uingereza ina [[uchumi]] mkubwa zaidi ndani ya [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] na ni mojawapo ya uchumi wa kikanda ulioendelea zaidi na wenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani. <ref name="ONS_UK_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp |title=Gross Domestic Product (GDP) output approach, UK |website=ons.gov.uk |publisher=Office for National Statistics |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Inafanya kazi kama sehemu ya uchumi mpana wa taifa la [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] lakini inachangia sehemu kubwa ya [[pato la taifa]], [[idadi ya watu]], na uzalishaji wa [[Kiwanda|viwanda]]. [[Historia ya Ufalme wa Muungano|Kihistoria]], Uingereza ilikuwa mahali palipoanzia [[Mapinduzi ya Viwandani]], ambayo yaliibadilisha kuwa kitovu cha dunia cha viwanda vya uzalishaji na [[huduma]] za [[fedha|kifedha]]. <ref name="Britannica_Industrial_Rev">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Industrial-Revolution |title=Industrial Revolution |website=Britannica |date=2024 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Leo, uchumi wake una aina nyingi, ukiwa mtaji mkubwa katika sekta ya [[huduma]], [[Kiwanda|viwanda vya kisasa]], [[teknolojia]], na [[biashara|biashara ya kimataifa]]. <ref name="PwC_UK_Economic_Outlook">{{cite web |url=https://www.pwc.co.uk/services/economics/insights/uk-economic-outlook.html |title=UK Economic Outlook |website=pwc.co.uk |publisher=PricewaterhouseCoopers |date=2025 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Sekta ya huduma ndiyo inayoongoza katika uchumi wa Uingereza, hasa huduma za fedha, [[bima]], sekta ya majengo na ardhi, na huduma za biashara. Jiji la [[London]] ni mojawapo ya vituo vikuu vya fedha duniani, likihudumia mabenki makubwa, [[Soko la hisa|masoko ya hisa]], na makampuni ya kimataifa. <ref name="CityOfLondon_Research">{{cite web |url=https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/supporting-businesses/economic-research-and-information |title=Economic Research and Global Financial Centre Report |website=cityoflondon.gov.uk |publisher=City of London Corporation |date=2024 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Sekta nyingine muhimu ni [[teknolojia ya habari]], [[afya]], [[elimu]], [[utalii]], na [[viwanda]] vya ubunifu kama [[vyombo vya habari]], [[filamu]], na usanifu. [[Kiwanda|Viwanda]] bado vina umuhimu, hasa katika uzalishaji wa [[Ndege (uanahewa)|ndege]], magari, [[kemikali]], na [[dawa]], ingawa vinachukua sehemu ndogo ya ajira ikilinganishwa na sekta ya huduma. <ref name="Britannica_England_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/England/Economy |title=England: Economy |website=Britannica |date=April 10, 2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> Uingereza pia ni kitovu kikuu cha biashara ya ndani na ya kimataifa, [[mahuruji|ikisafirisha nje]] bidhaa na huduma kama vile huduma za kifedha, [[mashine]], [[dawa]], na bidhaa za [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]]. Inaagiza [[nishati]], chakula, bidhaa za matumizi, na [[malighafi]] kutoka kwa washirika wa kimataifa. <ref name="WFB_UK_Econ">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/#economy |title=United Kingdom - World Factbook: Economy |website=cia.gov |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=April 2026 |access-date=May 19, 2026 |archive-date=2021-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109221834/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/#economy |url-status=dead }}</ref> Uchumi wake unafaidika na nguvu kazi yenye ujuzi mkubwa, miundombinu ya kisasa, na mifumo imara ya kisheria na udhibiti. Licha ya nguvu zake, Uingereza inakabiliwa na changamoto kama vile tofauti za kiuchumi kati ya maeneo, upungufu wa uzalishaji katika baadhi ya sekta, na shinikizo la makazi, hasa kati ya [[London]] na maeneo mengine. <ref name="IMF_UK_Review">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Countries/GBR |title=United Kingdom and the IMF |website=IMF.org |publisher=International Monetary Fund |date=2024 |access-date=May 19, 2026 }} </ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/swahili/ BBC Swahili] * [http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/index.htm Serikali ya Uingereza] {{Wayback|url=http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/index.htm |date=20090907093139 }} [[Jamii:Uingereza| ]] [[Jamii:Nchi za visiwa]] [[Jamii:Nchi za Ulaya]] [[Jamii:Ufalme wa Muungano]] [[Jamii:Nchi]] 5419cbognuq6vtv01tekdym7vodsupa 0 11596 1547693 1423853 2026-05-21T14:40:22Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Tazama pia */ 1547693 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Giulio cesare bedeschini, san pietro celestino, 1613, dall'arcivescovado dell'aquila (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Mt. Selestini V.]] '''Papa Celestino V, [[O.S.B.]]''' ([[1215]] – [[19 Mei]] [[1296]]) alikuwa [[Papa]] kuanzia [[tarehe]] [[5 Julai]]/[[29 Agosti]] [[1294]] hadi [[13 Desemba]] [[1294]]<ref>https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en/holy-father.index.html#holy-father</ref>. Alitokea [[Molise]], [[Italia]]<ref>https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en/holy-father.index.html#holy-father</ref>. [[Jina]] lake la kuzaliwa lilikuwa ''Pietro Angelerio wa Morrone''. Baada yake hakuna tena Papa aliyejichagulia jina la Celestino. Alimfuata [[Papa Nikolasi IV]] baada ya miaka miwili ya pengo<ref>After more than two years, a consensus had still not been reached. Pietro, well known to the cardinals as a Benedictine hermit, sent the cardinals a letter warning them that divine vengeance would fall upon them if they did not quickly elect a pope. Latino Malabranca, the aged and ill dean of the [[College of Cardinals]] cried out, "In the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, I elect brother Pietro di Morrone." The cardinals promptly ratified Malabranca's desperate decision. When sent for, Pietro obstinately refused to accept the papacy, and even, as [[Petrarch]] says, tried to flee, until he was finally persuaded by a deputation of cardinals accompanied by the king Charles II of Naples and Charles Martel of Anjou, pretender to the throne of Hungary.</ref>, akichaguliwa kutokana na [[umri]] wake mkubwa na sifa ya [[utakatifu]] na utendaji [[Muujiza|miujiza]] <ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/32850</ref>. Ni maarufu kwa kuwa mwaka uleule alijiuzulu<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/3350359/Cardinal-hints-that-ailing-Pope-may-resign.html | title = Cardinal hints that ailing Pope may resign | first = Bruce | last = Johnston | author2 = Jonathan Petre | work = The Telegraph|location=London | date = 8 February 2005}}</ref> kwa kujitambua hawezi Upapa <ref>Clement V's bull of canonization noted his "marvelous simplicity and inexperience[] in everything belonging to the rule of the Church" Wood, Charles T. ''Joan of Arc and Richard III: Sex, Saints, and Government in the Middle Ages''. Oxford University Press, 1991, 100.</ref> ili arudi kuishi [[maisha ya upwekeni]] kama [[mmonaki]] ([[mwaka]] [[1244]] alikuwa ameanzisha [[shirika]] la [[Waselestini]], [[tawi]] la [[Wabenedikto]])<ref name=Loughlin1908>{{cite book|last=Loughlin|first=JF|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia|volume=3|chapter=Pope St. Celestine V|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|location=New York|year=1908|chapter-url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03479b.htm|title-link=s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Volume 3}}</ref>. Lakini [[Papa Bonifasi VIII]] aliyemfuata alimfunga akafuta karibu maamuzi yake yote. Alitangazwa na [[Papa Klementi V]] kuwa [[mtakatifu]] tarehe [[5 Mei]] [[1313]]<ref>Ronald C. Finucane (2011). ''Contested Canonizations: The Last Medieval Saints, 1482–1523''. Catholic University of America Press, p. 19.</ref>. [[Sikukuu]] yake ni tarehe [[19 Mei]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. ==Tazama pia== *[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] * [[Orodha ya Mapapa]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Marejeo ya Kiswahili== * John Kabeya na wengine - Maisha ya Watakatifu – ed. T.M.P. Book Department – Tabora 1965, 1989, uk. 171-173 * Pd. Leandry Kimario, [[Wakapuchini|O.F.M.Cap.]] - Mfahamu Mtakatifu Somo Wako - Maisha ya Watakatifu wa Kila Siku pamoja na Watakatifu Wafransisko - Toleo la pili - Dar es Salaam 2021, uk. 141-143 == Viungo vya nje == {{Commons category|Coelestinus V|Pope Celestine V}} *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03479b.htm Kuhusu Papa Celestino V katika Kamusi Elezo ya Kikatoliki] *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j8Nr_Th3H4k A short video outlining the life of Pope Celestine V.] *[http://carlosechevarria.blogspot.com/2009/08/bxvi-honors-pope-celestine-v.html Pictures of Pope Benedict XVI's visit to the tomb of Celestine V] {{Wayback|url=http://carlosechevarria.blogspot.com/2009/08/bxvi-honors-pope-celestine-v.html |date=20110708030418 }} {{Mapapa}} {{mbegu-Papa}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Selestini V}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1215]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1296]] [[Jamii:Wamonaki]] [[Jamii:Wabenedikto]] [[Jamii:Wakaapweke]] [[Jamii:Watawa waanzilishi]] [[Jamii:Papa]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Italia]] rx66j71pk0b8yqtt3ypp6ft7ne1axhq 0 12984 1547871 1123026 2026-05-21T20:19:36Z Wilfredor 18149 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Carl Albrecht VII, by workshop of George Desmarees.jpg]] → [[File:Carl Albrecht VII by workshop of George Desmarees, Münchner Residenz.jpg]] best image quality 1547871 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Carl Albrecht VII by workshop of George Desmarees, Münchner Residenz.jpg|thumbnail|right|280px|Kaizari Karoli VII]] '''Karoli VII''' ([[6 Agosti]] [[1697]] &ndash; [[20 Januari]] [[1745]]) alikuwa [[Kaizari]] wa [[Dola la Ujerumani]] kuanzia mwezi wa Februari [[1742]] hadi kifo chake. Alimfuata [[Kaizari Karoli VI|Karoli VI]], na kufuatiwa na [[Kaizari Francis I|Francis I]]. {{Mbegu-Kaizari-Ujerumani}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Karoli VII}} [[Jamii:Makaizari wa Ujerumani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1697]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1745]] m9mlhz13oy6lqczl70k99nu263axiau 0 13983 1547656 1088300 2026-05-21T13:00:37Z Said Mfaume 68307 1547656 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Strait_of_Hormuz.jpg|thumb|250px|Ramani ya Mlango wa Hormuz]] [[Picha:Locatie Straat van Hormuz.PNG|thumb|250px|Mahali pa Mlango wa Hormuz]] [[File:Strait of hormuz full.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Mlango wa bahari ukionyesha mipaka ya kisiasa ya majini na [[Traffic separation scheme|njia za meli]], (2004)]] [[File:Strait of Hormuz.png|thumb|Mlango wa Hormuz ukionyesha [[Musandam Peninsula|Rasi ya Musandam]] ya [[Oman]] upande wa kusini na [[Iran]] upande wa kaskazini]] '''Mlango wa Hormuz ([[Kar.]] مضيق هرمز - ''madīq hurmuz'', [[Kiajemi]] تنگه هرمز - ''tangeh-ye hormoz'')''' ni [[mlango wa bahari]] mwembamba kati ya [[Uajemi]] na [[Falme za Kiarabu]] unaounganisha [[Ghuba ya Uajemi]] na [[Ghuba ya Omani]] ambayo ni mkono wa [[Bahari Hindi]]. Mlango huu upo katika pwani ya kaskazini kuko [[Iran]], na kwenye pwani ya kusini kuko Rasi ya Musandam chini ya Mkoa wa Musandam wa [[Oman]], huku sehemu ya kusini-magharibi mwa rasi hiyo ikiwa chini ya [[United Arab Emirates|Falme za Kiarabu]]. Mlango huu wa bahari una urefu wa takriban {{convert|104|mi|nmi + km}}, ukiwa na upana unaotofautiana kutoka takriban {{cvt|60|mi|nmi + km}} hadi {{cvt|24|mi|nmi + km}}.<ref name="dyke-20081002">{{cite book |page=216 |chapter-url=https://www.law.hawaii.edu/sites/www.law.hawaii.edu/files/content/Faculty/Straits100308.pdf |chapter=Transit Passage Through International Straits |author=Jon M. Van Dyke |title=The Future of Ocean Regime-Building |publisher=University of Hawaii |date=2 October 2008 |doi=10.1163/ej.9789004172678.i-786.50 |isbn=9789004172678 |access-date=6 July 2019 |archive-date=7 August 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200807123128/https://www.law.hawaii.edu/sites/www.law.hawaii.edu/files/content/Faculty/Straits100308.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="eia-20120104">{{cite web |url=https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=4430 |title=The Strait of Hormuz is the world's most important oil transit chokepoint|publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration|date=4 January 2012|access-date=11 September 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180911152226/https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=4430 |archive-date=11 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hii ndiyo njia ya pekee ya baharini kutoka Ghuba ya Uajemi kwenda bahari kuu na ni mojawapo ya maeneo ya kimkakati yenye umuhimu mkubwa zaidi duniani.<ref name="oilpricecom01">{{cite web |url=https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/International/How-Iran-Plans-To-Bypass-The-Worlds-Main-Oil-Chokepoint.html |title=How Iran Plans To Bypass The World's Main Oil Chokepoint |publisher=Oilprice.com |author=Viktor Katona |access-date=11 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911081557/https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/International/How-Iran-Plans-To-Bypass-The-Worlds-Main-Oil-Chokepoint.html |archive-date=11 September 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Katika kipindi cha 2023–2025, asilimia 20 ya gesi asilia ya kimiminika (LNG) duniani na asilimia 25 ya biashara ya mafuta yanayosafirishwa kwa njia ya bahari ilipita kwenye mlango huu kila mwaka. Ni njia kuu ya bidhaa za mafuta ya petroli kuelekea Ulaya na Asia na ni muhimu sana kwa usambazaji wa nishati barani Ulaya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 March 2026 |title=Why is the Strait of Hormuz critical to Europe? |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/03/16/why-is-the-strait-of-hormuz-critical-to-europe |access-date=18 March 2026 |website=euronews |language=en}}</ref> Pia ni njia pekee ya baharini kwa nchi kadhaa za Ghuba zikiwemo [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]], [[Qatar]], [[Bahrain]], [[Kuwait]] na [[Iraq]], na kuvurugika kwa usafiri katika mlango huu kunaweza kusababisha uhaba mkubwa wa bidhaa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Surucu-Balci |first=Ebru |last2=Balci |first2=Gokcay |date=4 March 2026 |title=Strait of Hormuz: Gulf states' food security is at immediate risk but wider shortages could push up consumer prices globally |url=http://theconversation.com/strait-of-hormuz-gulf-states-food-security-is-at-immediate-risk-but-wider-shortages-could-push-up-consumer-prices-globally-277214 |access-date=18 March 2026 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref> Kabla ya mwaka 2026, kwa ujumla mlango huu ulikuwa haujawahi kufungwa kwa muda mrefu wakati wa migogoro ya Mashariki ya Kati (tofauti na Milango ya Tiran/[[Bab-el-Mandeb]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Oil Prices Jump, But Middle East Oil Keeps Flowing Uninterrupted |url=https://oilprice.com/Energy/Crude-Oil/Oil-Prices-Jump-But-Middle-East-Oil-Keeps-Flowing-Uninterrupted.html |website=OilPrice.com |date=17 June 2025 |quote=the narrow lane has never been blocked in any previous conflict in the Middle East.}}</ref> ingawa Iran imekuwa ikitishia mara kwa mara kuufunga mlango huo,<ref name=":4" /> na maandalizi ya kutega mabomu ya baharini yamekuwa yakifanyika. Mlango huo umekuwa kiini kikubwa cha mzozo wakati wa [[2026 Iran war|vita vya Iran vya mwaka 2026]], na kusababisha mgogoro wa Mlango wa Hormuz.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinha |first=Aditya |date=25 February 2026 |title=Why Hormuz, not Fordow, is the real centre of gravity in the Iran crisis |url=https://www.firstpost.com/opinion/why-hormuz-not-fordow-is-the-real-centre-of-gravity-in-the-iran-crisis-13983548.html |website=First Post |access-date=18 March 2026}}</ref> ==Asili ya jina== Asili ya jina kwa Kiajemi inahusisha "Hormuz" na matamshi ya Kiajemi cha Kati ya jina la mungu wa Uzoroasti {{lang|fa|هرمز}} {{transl|fa|Hormoz}} (Ahura Mazda).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chakrabarty |first=Roshni |date=4 March 2026 |title=How did the Strait of Hormuz get its name? Here's the real origin story |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/strait-of-hormuz-name-origin-persian-or-zoroastrian-2877143-2026-03-04 |access-date=12 April 2026 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref> Kwa upande mwingine, imependekezwa kuwa jina hilo linatokana na neno la Kiajemi cha wenyeji Hur-Mogh {{lang|fa|هورمغ}} linalomaanisha 'Sehemu ya Tende'.<ref>{{cite journal |last= Ebrahimi |first= Qorbanali |title= Hormoz-Hormuz |journal= Motale'at Irani |date=2005–2006 |volume=4 |issue=7 |pages=48 |url= https://noo.rs/Cin61}}</ref><ref>[http://minabcity.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=4620&Site=DouranPortal&Lang=fa-IR Manispaa ya Minab] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706075102/http://minabcity.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=4620&Site=DouranPortal&Lang=fa-IR |date=6 July 2018}}, (kwa Kiajemi). Ilipatikana 30 Desemba 2011.</ref> Nadharia moja inadai kuwa mlango wa Hormuz huenda ulipewa jina la Ifra Hormizd, mama wa Mfalme Shapur II wa Uajemi, aliyetawala kati ya mwaka 309 na 379&nbsp;BK. Nadharia nyingine ni kwamba linatokana na neno la Kigiriki {{Lang|grc|ὅρμος}} ''hormos'', linalomaanisha 'khori, ghuba ndogo'.<ref name="iranologie">{{Cite web |last=Rezakhani |first=Khodadad |date=27 February 2020 |title=The Kingdom of Hormuz |url=https://iranologie.com/the-history-page/the-kingdom-of-hormuz/ |access-date=14 December 2020 |website=Iranologie.com}}</ref> Mlango wa kuingilia Ghuba ya Uajemi ulifafanuliwa, lakini haukupewa jina, katika kitabu cha ''[[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]'', ambacho ni mwongozo wa mabaharia wa karne ya 1: {{blockquote|Kwenye ncha ya juu ya visiwa hivi vya Calaei kuna safu ya milima inayoitwa Calon, na kufuatia punde si mbali, kuna mlango wa Ghuba ya Uajemi, ambapo kuna upatikanaji mkubwa wa lulu kwa njia ya kupiga mbizi. Upande wa kushoto wa milango ya bahari kuna milima mikubwa inayoitwa Asabon na upande wa kulia unainuka mlima mwingine wa mviringo na mrefu unaoonekana wazi uitwao Semiramis; kati yao njia ya kuvuka mlangoni ni takriban stadia mia sita; zaidi ya hapo ile bahari kubwa na pana sana, Ghuba ya Uajemi, inaingia mbali kuelekea ndani. Kwenye ncha ya juu ya ghuba hii, kuna mji wa soko uliowekwa kisheria uitwao Apologus, uliopo karibu na Charaex Spasini na Mto Frati.|Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Sura ya 35}} Katika karne ya 10{{endash}}17 BK, Ufalme wa [[Ormus]] ulikuwa unapatikana hapa. [[File:Persian Gulf 1507-1750.gif|thumb|upright=1.4|Utawala wa kwanza wa kijeshi wa nchi za Magharibi katika mlango wa bahari. Uwepo wa Wareno katika Ghuba ya Uajemi (1507–1750)]] Kuanzia karne ya 15 na kuendelea, kwa mtazamo wa kimkakati, kijiografia mlango huo uliendelea na kupanua umuhimu wake kufuatia kuwasili kwa madola ya kigeni kama vile Ureno, ambayo ilidumisha uwepo wake kati ya karne ya 16 na 18, na pia kuibua mizozo na madola mengine yaliyokuwa yanaibukia kama Uingereza ilipowasili katika eneo hilo katika karne ya 17. ==Uendeshaji wa meli== Ili kupunguza hatari ya meli kugongana, meli zinazopita kwenye mlango huo hufuata mfumo wa mgawanyo wa trafiki (TSS): meli zinazoingia zinatumia njia moja, na meli zinazotoka zinatumia njia nyingine, huku kila njia ikiwa na upana wa maili mbili. Njia hizo zimetenganishwa na "mstari wa kati" wenye upana wa maili mbili.<ref name=eia-20190717>{{cite web |url=https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf |title=World Oil Transit Chokepoints |publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration |date=25 July 2017 |access-date=13 June 2019 |archive-date=21 May 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190521134300/https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Mfumo huo wa TSS upo ndani ya bahari kuu ya Oman.<ref>{{cite web |title=Competing Strategies Emerge for Opening the Strait of Hormuz |url=https://maritime-executive.com/editorials/competing-strategies-emerge-for-opening-the-strait-of-hormuz |website=The Maritime Executive |language=en |date=3 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Vessels Now Keeping to Omani Waters in Strait of Hormuz Traffic Scheme |url=https://maritime-executive.com/article/straits-of-hormuz-traffic-separation-scheme-keeps-within-omani-waters |website=The Maritime Executive |language=en |date=20 June 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Khaled |title=Strait of Hormuz, Explained: Who Controls Which Waters, And Why Most Shipping Stays in the Managed Lanes?! |url=https://ontimebrief.com/en/strait-of-hormuz-explained-who-controls-which-waters-and-why-most-shipping-stays-in-the-managed-lanes/ |website=Ontime+ |date=4 March 2026}}</ref> Ili kuvuka urefu wote wa mlango huo, meli hupita katika maji ya kitaifa ya Iran na Oman. Ingawa Iran haijaridhia mkataba wa UNCLOS,<ref name=UNCLOS-ratification>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/Depts/los/reference_files/chronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm |title=Chronological lists of ratifications of, accessions and successions to the Convention and the related Agreements as at 26 October 2007 |publisher=UN |work=Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea |access-date=29 June 2017 |archive-date=14 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414043900/http://www.un.org/depts/los/reference_files/chronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> nchi nyingi, ikiwemo Marekani ambayo nayo haijauridhia,<ref>{{cite web |author=[[U.S. President]] |title=Presidential Proclamation 5030 |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/58381.pdf |url-status=live |date=10 March 1983 |access-date=21 January 2008 |publisher=[[United States Department of State]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210325045208/https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/58381.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2021}}</ref> zinadai haki ya kupita kama ilivyobainishwa katika mkataba huo. Mnamo mwaka 1959, Iran ilibadilisha hadhi ya kisheria ya mlango huo kwa kupanua bahari yake ya kitaifa hadi kufikia {{cvt|12|nmi|km}} na kutangaza kuwa itatambua tu mapito ya meli kwa njia ya [[innocent passage|upitaji wa amani]] kupitia eneo hilo jipya lililopanuliwa. Mnamo mwaka 1972, Oman nayo ilipanua bahari yake ya kitaifa hadi kufikia {{cvt|12|nmi|km}} kwa agizo la kifalme.<ref name="Groves 2011">{{cite web |last=Groves |first=Steven |title=Accession to the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea Is Unnecessary to Secure U.S. Navigational Rights and Freedoms |website=The Heritage Foundation |url=http://www.heritage.org/defense/report/accession-the-un-convention-the-law-the-sea-unnecessary-secure-us-navigational |date=24 August 2011 |access-date=9 April 2017 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210517153730/https://www.heritage.org/defense/report/accession-the-un-convention-the-law-the-sea-unnecessary-secure-us-navigational |url-status=unfit}}</ref> Hivyo, kufikia mwaka 1972, Mlango wa Hormuz ulikuwa "umefungwa" kabisa na muunganiko wa maji ya kitaifa ya Iran na Oman. Mnamo 1971, Iran ilichukua udhibiti wa visiwa vya Greater and Lesser Tunbs vilivyo upande wa magharibi wa Hormuz dhidi ya matakwa ya Waarabu, na hivyo kupanua udhibiti wa njia za usafiri wa meli.<ref>{{cite web | last = Henderson | first = Simon | title = Unwanted Guest: The Gulf Summit and Iran | publisher = The Washington Institute For Near East Policy | date = 7 December 2007 | url = http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=2691 | accessdate = 15 June 2009 }}</ref> Katika miaka ya 1970, kukiwa hakuna nchi kati ya Iran au Oman iliyojaribu kuzuia mapito ya meli za kivita, lakini katika miaka ya 1980, nchi zote mbili zilishikilia madai yaliyokuwa tofauti na sheria za kimila (za zamani). Baada ya kuridhia mkataba wa UNCLOS mnamo 1989, Oman iliwasilisha matamko yanayothibitisha agizo lake la kifalme la mwaka 1981 kwamba ni upitaji wa amani tu unaoruhusiwa kupitia bahari yake ya kitaifa. Matamko hayo yalisisitiza zaidi kuwa ruhusa ya awali ilihitajika kabla ya meli za kivita za kigeni kupita kwenye maji ya kitaifa ya Oman.<ref name="Groves 2011"/> Wakati wa kusaini mkataba huo mnamo 1982, Iran iliwasilisha tamko linaloeleza "kwamba ni nchi wanachama tu wa Mkataba wa Sheria ya Bahari watakaokuwa na haki ya kufaidika na haki za kimkataba zilizowekwa humo", ikijumuisha "haki ya mapito ya mpito kupitia milango ya bahari inayotumiwa kwa usafiri wa kimataifa". Mnamo 1993, Iran ilitunga sheria ya kina kuhusu maeneo ya bahari, ambayo vipengele vyake vinakinzana na vifungu vya UNCLOS, ikiwa ni pamoja na sharti linalotaka meli za kivita, nyambizi, na meli zinazotumia nishati ya nyuklia kupata ruhusa kabla ya kufanya upitaji wa amani kupitia maji ya kitaifa ya Iran. Marekani haitambui madai yoyote kati ya hayo ya Oman na Iran na emekuwa ikiyapinga yote.<ref name="Groves 2011"/> ==Biashara ya mafuta== [[File:Volume oil strait hormuz 2014 2024.png|thumb|upright=1.4|Biashara ya mafuta kupitia mlangoni kwa asili na unakoenda, 2014–2024]] Katika kipindi cha 2023–2025, asilimia 20 ya gesi asilia ya kimiminika duniani na asilimia 25 ya biashara ya mafuta yanayosafirishwa kwa njia ya bahari ilipita kwenye Mlango huu, jambo linaloonyesha umuhimu mkubwa wa eneo hilo kwa biashara.<ref name="eia-20120104" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=World Oil Transit Chokepoints|url=https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723221931/http://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf|archive-date=23 July 2015|access-date=13 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite news|title=Iran Releases Tanker It Seized From the Strait of Hormuz|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/19/world/middleeast/iran-tanker-strait-of-hormuz.html|date=19 November 2025|access-date=28 November 2025|language=en}}</ref> Kulingana na Idara ya Habari za Nishati ya Marekani, mnamo mwaka 2011, wastani wa meli za mafuta 14 kwa siku ziliondoka Ghuba ya Uajemi kupitia mlangoni zikiwa zimebeba pipa {{convert|17|Moilbbl|m3}} za mafuta yasiyosafishwa. Zaidi ya asilimia 85 ya mauzo haya ya mafuta yasiyosafishwa yalikwenda kwenye masoko ya Asia, huku Japan, India, Korea Kusini na Uchina zikiwa ndizo nchi zilizopokea kiasi kikubwa zaidi.<ref name=USEIA01>{{cite web |url= http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/156265/ |title=Strait of Hormuz |website=The [[Encyclopedia of Earth]] |author=Alejandra Roman & Energy Information Administration |access-date=2 June 2015 |archive-date=5 April 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160405131935/http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/156265/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo 2018, mapipa milioni 21 kwa siku yalipita kwenye mlango huo, yenye thamani ya dola bilioni 1.2 kwa bei za mwaka 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2shPOThjIQ |archive-url= https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211117/R2shPOThjIQ |archive-date=17 November 2021 |url-status=live |title=The Strait of Hormuz Explained |website=[[YouTube]]|date=31 October 2019 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> Kama usafirishaji wa meli kupitia Mlango wa Hormuz ungeingiliwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kwa muda mrefu, jambo hilo linaweza kusababisha mgogoro mkubwa wa usambazaji wa mafuta kwa waagizaji wakuu vya Asia kama vile Japan, India, Korea Kusini, na Uchina.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Asian countries most at risk from oil & gas supply disruptions in Strait of Hormuz: Research group |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/energy/oil-gas/israel-iran-usa-war-asian-countries-most-at-risk-from-oil-gas-supply-disruptions-in-strait-of-hormuz-research-group/articleshow/128947545.cms |work=[[The Economic Times]]|date=3 March 2026|access-date=11 April 2026}}</ref>{{AI-retrieved source|checked=yes}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mesmer |first=Philippe |last2=Pedroletti |first2=Brice |last3=Thibault |first3=Harold |date=3 March 2026 |title=Asian oil imports threatened as traffic halts in the Strait of Hormuz |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/economy/article/2026/03/03/asian-oil-imports-threatened-as-traffic-halts-in-the-strait-of-hormuz_6751055_19.html |access-date=11 April 2026 |work=Le Monde}}</ref> Ghuba ya Uajemi pia ni kitovu kikuu cha uzalishaji na mauzo ya [[fertilizer|mbolea]] duniani. Nchi kama vile Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, na Oman ni miongoni mwa nchi zinazoongoza duniani kwa kuuza mbolea ya naitrojeni, ikiwa ni pamoja na urea na amonia. Katika miaka ya 2020, eneo hili limechangia takribani asilimia 30–35 ya mauzo ya urea duniani na karibu asilimia 20%–30% ya mauzo ya amonia. Kwa ujumla, hadi asilimia 30 ya mbolea inayouzwa kimataifa kwa kawaida hupitia Mlango wa Hormuz.<ref name=":02">{{cite report |title=Global Agrifood Implications of the 2026 Conflict in the Middle East |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd8875en |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |location=Rome, Italy |date=2026 |language=English |id=CD8875EN}}</ref> == Magendo == Mlango wa Hormuz ni njia kuu ya biashara haramu ya magendo kati ya Rasi ya Musandam (sehemu ya Oman iliyotengwa kijiografia) na pwani ya kusini ya Iran. Jiji la Khasab katika Mkoa wa Musandam ndilo kitovu kikuu cha uchumi huu wa magendo wa kuvuka mlangon hapo. <ref name="DerSpiegel2012">{{cite news |title=A Smuggler's Paradise in Oman |url=https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/photo-gallery-a-smuggler-s-paradise-in-oman-fotostrecke-77604.html |work=[[Der Spiegel]] |date=20 January 2012 |access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> Bidhaa kama vile vifaa vya kielektroniki, vyombo vya nyumbani, sigara, na magari ya kifahari kwa kawaida hununuliwa katika Falme za Kiarabu, kusafirishwa kwa nchi kavu hadi Khasab, na kisha kusafirishwa kwa boti kuvuka mlangoni ili kukwepa vikwazo vya kimataifa dhidi ya Iran.<ref name="AlJazeera2016">{{cite news |last1=Muller |first1=Quentin |last2=Castelier |first2=Sebastian |title=Hard times for Oman's Strait smugglers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2016/9/29/hard-times-for-omans-strait-smugglers |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |date=29 September 2016 |access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> Kwa upande mwingine, boti za Iran husafirisha mifugo, hasa kondoo na mbuzi wanaopelekwa kwenye masoko ya UAE na Saudi Arabia, hasa wakati wa sikukuu za Kiislamu kama vile Eid al-Adha. Dawa za kulevya na wahamiaji wasio na nyaraka pia husafirishwa kutoka Iran kwenda Oman.<ref name="Lowy2017">{{cite web |last=Balas |first=Alexander |title=The smugglers of Musandam |url=https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/smugglers-musandam |website=[[Lowy Institute]] |date=14 November 2017 |access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> Mamlaka za Oman kwa ujumla huvumilia biashara hiyo huko Khasab, kwani inatoa chanzo kikubwa cha mapato kwa eneo la Musandam lililotengwa kijiografia.<ref name="AlJazeera2016"/> Kinyume chake, mamlaka za Iran hupambana rasmi na mtindo huo. Idara ya Forodha na Ushuru ya Iran imekadiria kuwa magendo kupitia mlangoni yanaigharimu uchumi wa Iran makumi ya maelfu ya nafasi za kazi na kukwepa mabilioni ya dola za ushuru wa forodha kila mwaka.<ref name="AlJazeera2016"/> Ukubwa wa soko hili la magendo hubadilika kulingana na ukali wa vikwazo vya kimataifa dhidi ya Iran; vikwazo vikali zaidi huongeza mahitaji ya bidhaa za walaji zinazoingizwa kimagendo nchini humo.<ref name="Lowy2017"/> Baada ya kupungua kwa shughuli hizo kuelekea mwishoni mwa muhula wa urais wa [[Barack Obama]], biashara ya magendo imeongezeka tena katika miaka ya hivi karibuni kutokana na kushamiri kwa mgogoro wa kikanda.<ref>{{cite web | last=Wright | first=Camilla | title=View from Musandam: Sanction busting in the Strait of Hormuz | website=Semafor | date=27 November 2024 | url=https://www.semafor.com/article/11/27/2024/view-from-musandam-sanction-busting-in-the-strait-of-hormuz | access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Milangobahari ya Asia|Hormuz]] [[Jamii:Ghuba ya Uajemi]] [[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]] 19dnizx0hh29cy9gvm0qh989z3jnf6a 1547715 1547656 2026-05-21T15:08:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 10 template(s) replaced. 1547715 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Strait_of_Hormuz.jpg|thumb|250px|Ramani ya Mlango wa Hormuz]] [[Picha:Locatie Straat van Hormuz.PNG|thumb|250px|Mahali pa Mlango wa Hormuz]] [[File:Strait of hormuz full.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Mlango wa bahari ukionyesha mipaka ya kisiasa ya majini na [[Traffic separation scheme|njia za meli]], (2004)]] [[File:Strait of Hormuz.png|thumb|Mlango wa Hormuz ukionyesha [[Musandam Peninsula|Rasi ya Musandam]] ya [[Oman]] upande wa kusini na [[Iran]] upande wa kaskazini]] '''Mlango wa Hormuz ([[Kar.]] مضيق هرمز - ''madīq hurmuz'', [[Kiajemi]] تنگه هرمز - ''tangeh-ye hormoz'')''' ni [[mlango wa bahari]] mwembamba kati ya [[Uajemi]] na [[Falme za Kiarabu]] unaounganisha [[Ghuba ya Uajemi]] na [[Ghuba ya Omani]] ambayo ni mkono wa [[Bahari Hindi]]. Mlango huu upo katika pwani ya kaskazini kuko [[Iran]], na kwenye pwani ya kusini kuko Rasi ya Musandam chini ya Mkoa wa Musandam wa [[Oman]], huku sehemu ya kusini-magharibi mwa rasi hiyo ikiwa chini ya [[United Arab Emirates|Falme za Kiarabu]]. Mlango huu wa bahari una urefu wa takriban {{convert|104|mi|nmi + km}}, ukiwa na upana unaotofautiana kutoka takriban {{cvt|60|mi|nmi + km}} hadi {{cvt|24|mi|nmi + km}}.<ref name="dyke-20081002">{{cite book |page=216 |chapter-url=https://www.law.hawaii.edu/sites/www.law.hawaii.edu/files/content/Faculty/Straits100308.pdf |chapter=Transit Passage Through International Straits |author=Jon M. Van Dyke |title=The Future of Ocean Regime-Building |publisher=University of Hawaii |date=2 October 2008 |doi=10.1163/ej.9789004172678.i-786.50 |isbn=9789004172678 |access-date=6 July 2019 |archive-date=7 August 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200807123128/https://www.law.hawaii.edu/sites/www.law.hawaii.edu/files/content/Faculty/Straits100308.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="eia-20120104">{{cite web |url=https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=4430 |title=The Strait of Hormuz is the world's most important oil transit chokepoint|publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration|date=4 January 2012|access-date=11 September 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180911152226/https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=4430 |archive-date=11 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hii ndiyo njia ya pekee ya baharini kutoka Ghuba ya Uajemi kwenda bahari kuu na ni mojawapo ya maeneo ya kimkakati yenye umuhimu mkubwa zaidi duniani.<ref name="oilpricecom01">{{cite web |url=https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/International/How-Iran-Plans-To-Bypass-The-Worlds-Main-Oil-Chokepoint.html |title=How Iran Plans To Bypass The World's Main Oil Chokepoint |publisher=Oilprice.com |author=Viktor Katona |access-date=11 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911081557/https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/International/How-Iran-Plans-To-Bypass-The-Worlds-Main-Oil-Chokepoint.html |archive-date=11 September 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Katika kipindi cha 2023–2025, asilimia 20 ya gesi asilia ya kimiminika (LNG) duniani na asilimia 25 ya biashara ya mafuta yanayosafirishwa kwa njia ya bahari ilipita kwenye mlango huu kila mwaka. Ni njia kuu ya bidhaa za mafuta ya petroli kuelekea Ulaya na Asia na ni muhimu sana kwa usambazaji wa nishati barani Ulaya.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=16 March 2026 |title=Why is the Strait of Hormuz critical to Europe? |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/03/16/why-is-the-strait-of-hormuz-critical-to-europe |access-date=18 March 2026 |website=euronews |language=en}}</ref> Pia ni njia pekee ya baharini kwa nchi kadhaa za Ghuba zikiwemo [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]], [[Qatar]], [[Bahrain]], [[Kuwait]] na [[Iraq]], na kuvurugika kwa usafiri katika mlango huu kunaweza kusababisha uhaba mkubwa wa bidhaa.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Surucu-Balci |first=Ebru |last2=Balci |first2=Gokcay |date=4 March 2026 |title=Strait of Hormuz: Gulf states' food security is at immediate risk but wider shortages could push up consumer prices globally |url=http://theconversation.com/strait-of-hormuz-gulf-states-food-security-is-at-immediate-risk-but-wider-shortages-could-push-up-consumer-prices-globally-277214 |access-date=18 March 2026 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref> Kabla ya mwaka 2026, kwa ujumla mlango huu ulikuwa haujawahi kufungwa kwa muda mrefu wakati wa migogoro ya Mashariki ya Kati (tofauti na Milango ya Tiran/[[Bab-el-Mandeb]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Oil Prices Jump, But Middle East Oil Keeps Flowing Uninterrupted |url=https://oilprice.com/Energy/Crude-Oil/Oil-Prices-Jump-But-Middle-East-Oil-Keeps-Flowing-Uninterrupted.html |website=OilPrice.com |date=17 June 2025 |quote=the narrow lane has never been blocked in any previous conflict in the Middle East.}}</ref> ingawa Iran imekuwa ikitishia mara kwa mara kuufunga mlango huo,<ref name=":4" /> na maandalizi ya kutega mabomu ya baharini yamekuwa yakifanyika. Mlango huo umekuwa kiini kikubwa cha mzozo wakati wa [[2026 Iran war|vita vya Iran vya mwaka 2026]], na kusababisha mgogoro wa Mlango wa Hormuz.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Sinha |first=Aditya |date=25 February 2026 |title=Why Hormuz, not Fordow, is the real centre of gravity in the Iran crisis |url=https://www.firstpost.com/opinion/why-hormuz-not-fordow-is-the-real-centre-of-gravity-in-the-iran-crisis-13983548.html |website=First Post |access-date=18 March 2026}}</ref> ==Asili ya jina== Asili ya jina kwa Kiajemi inahusisha "Hormuz" na matamshi ya Kiajemi cha Kati ya jina la mungu wa Uzoroasti {{lang|fa|هرمز}} {{transl|fa|Hormoz}} (Ahura Mazda).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Chakrabarty |first=Roshni |date=4 March 2026 |title=How did the Strait of Hormuz get its name? Here's the real origin story |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/strait-of-hormuz-name-origin-persian-or-zoroastrian-2877143-2026-03-04 |access-date=12 April 2026 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref> Kwa upande mwingine, imependekezwa kuwa jina hilo linatokana na neno la Kiajemi cha wenyeji Hur-Mogh {{lang|fa|هورمغ}} linalomaanisha 'Sehemu ya Tende'.<ref>{{cite journal |last= Ebrahimi |first= Qorbanali |title= Hormoz-Hormuz |journal= Motale'at Irani |date=2005–2006 |volume=4 |issue=7 |pages=48 |url= https://noo.rs/Cin61}}</ref><ref>[http://minabcity.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=4620&Site=DouranPortal&Lang=fa-IR Manispaa ya Minab] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706075102/http://minabcity.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=4620&Site=DouranPortal&Lang=fa-IR |date=6 July 2018}}, (kwa Kiajemi). Ilipatikana 30 Desemba 2011.</ref> Nadharia moja inadai kuwa mlango wa Hormuz huenda ulipewa jina la Ifra Hormizd, mama wa Mfalme Shapur II wa Uajemi, aliyetawala kati ya mwaka 309 na 379&nbsp;BK. Nadharia nyingine ni kwamba linatokana na neno la Kigiriki {{Lang|grc|ὅρμος}} ''hormos'', linalomaanisha 'khori, ghuba ndogo'.<ref name="iranologie">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Rezakhani |first=Khodadad |date=27 February 2020 |title=The Kingdom of Hormuz |url=https://iranologie.com/the-history-page/the-kingdom-of-hormuz/ |access-date=14 December 2020 |website=Iranologie.com}}</ref> Mlango wa kuingilia Ghuba ya Uajemi ulifafanuliwa, lakini haukupewa jina, katika kitabu cha ''[[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]'', ambacho ni mwongozo wa mabaharia wa karne ya 1: {{blockquote|Kwenye ncha ya juu ya visiwa hivi vya Calaei kuna safu ya milima inayoitwa Calon, na kufuatia punde si mbali, kuna mlango wa Ghuba ya Uajemi, ambapo kuna upatikanaji mkubwa wa lulu kwa njia ya kupiga mbizi. Upande wa kushoto wa milango ya bahari kuna milima mikubwa inayoitwa Asabon na upande wa kulia unainuka mlima mwingine wa mviringo na mrefu unaoonekana wazi uitwao Semiramis; kati yao njia ya kuvuka mlangoni ni takriban stadia mia sita; zaidi ya hapo ile bahari kubwa na pana sana, Ghuba ya Uajemi, inaingia mbali kuelekea ndani. Kwenye ncha ya juu ya ghuba hii, kuna mji wa soko uliowekwa kisheria uitwao Apologus, uliopo karibu na Charaex Spasini na Mto Frati.|Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Sura ya 35}} Katika karne ya 10{{endash}}17 BK, Ufalme wa [[Ormus]] ulikuwa unapatikana hapa. [[File:Persian Gulf 1507-1750.gif|thumb|upright=1.4|Utawala wa kwanza wa kijeshi wa nchi za Magharibi katika mlango wa bahari. Uwepo wa Wareno katika Ghuba ya Uajemi (1507–1750)]] Kuanzia karne ya 15 na kuendelea, kwa mtazamo wa kimkakati, kijiografia mlango huo uliendelea na kupanua umuhimu wake kufuatia kuwasili kwa madola ya kigeni kama vile Ureno, ambayo ilidumisha uwepo wake kati ya karne ya 16 na 18, na pia kuibua mizozo na madola mengine yaliyokuwa yanaibukia kama Uingereza ilipowasili katika eneo hilo katika karne ya 17. ==Uendeshaji wa meli== Ili kupunguza hatari ya meli kugongana, meli zinazopita kwenye mlango huo hufuata mfumo wa mgawanyo wa trafiki (TSS): meli zinazoingia zinatumia njia moja, na meli zinazotoka zinatumia njia nyingine, huku kila njia ikiwa na upana wa maili mbili. Njia hizo zimetenganishwa na "mstari wa kati" wenye upana wa maili mbili.<ref name=eia-20190717>{{cite web |url=https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf |title=World Oil Transit Chokepoints |publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration |date=25 July 2017 |access-date=13 June 2019 |archive-date=21 May 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190521134300/https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Mfumo huo wa TSS upo ndani ya bahari kuu ya Oman.<ref>{{cite web |title=Competing Strategies Emerge for Opening the Strait of Hormuz |url=https://maritime-executive.com/editorials/competing-strategies-emerge-for-opening-the-strait-of-hormuz |website=The Maritime Executive |language=en |date=3 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Vessels Now Keeping to Omani Waters in Strait of Hormuz Traffic Scheme |url=https://maritime-executive.com/article/straits-of-hormuz-traffic-separation-scheme-keeps-within-omani-waters |website=The Maritime Executive |language=en |date=20 June 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Aziz |first1=Khaled |title=Strait of Hormuz, Explained: Who Controls Which Waters, And Why Most Shipping Stays in the Managed Lanes?! |url=https://ontimebrief.com/en/strait-of-hormuz-explained-who-controls-which-waters-and-why-most-shipping-stays-in-the-managed-lanes/ |website=Ontime+ |date=4 March 2026}}</ref> Ili kuvuka urefu wote wa mlango huo, meli hupita katika maji ya kitaifa ya Iran na Oman. Ingawa Iran haijaridhia mkataba wa UNCLOS,<ref name=UNCLOS-ratification>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/Depts/los/reference_files/chronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm |title=Chronological lists of ratifications of, accessions and successions to the Convention and the related Agreements as at 26 October 2007 |publisher=UN |work=Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea |access-date=29 June 2017 |archive-date=14 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414043900/http://www.un.org/depts/los/reference_files/chronological_lists_of_ratifications.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> nchi nyingi, ikiwemo Marekani ambayo nayo haijauridhia,<ref>{{cite web |author=[[U.S. President]] |title=Presidential Proclamation 5030 |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/58381.pdf |url-status=live |date=10 March 1983 |access-date=21 January 2008 |publisher=[[United States Department of State]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210325045208/https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/58381.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2021}}</ref> zinadai haki ya kupita kama ilivyobainishwa katika mkataba huo. Mnamo mwaka 1959, Iran ilibadilisha hadhi ya kisheria ya mlango huo kwa kupanua bahari yake ya kitaifa hadi kufikia {{cvt|12|nmi|km}} na kutangaza kuwa itatambua tu mapito ya meli kwa njia ya [[innocent passage|upitaji wa amani]] kupitia eneo hilo jipya lililopanuliwa. Mnamo mwaka 1972, Oman nayo ilipanua bahari yake ya kitaifa hadi kufikia {{cvt|12|nmi|km}} kwa agizo la kifalme.<ref name="Groves 2011">{{cite web |last=Groves |first=Steven |title=Accession to the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea Is Unnecessary to Secure U.S. Navigational Rights and Freedoms |website=The Heritage Foundation |url=http://www.heritage.org/defense/report/accession-the-un-convention-the-law-the-sea-unnecessary-secure-us-navigational |date=24 August 2011 |access-date=9 April 2017 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210517153730/https://www.heritage.org/defense/report/accession-the-un-convention-the-law-the-sea-unnecessary-secure-us-navigational |url-status=unfit}}</ref> Hivyo, kufikia mwaka 1972, Mlango wa Hormuz ulikuwa "umefungwa" kabisa na muunganiko wa maji ya kitaifa ya Iran na Oman. Mnamo 1971, Iran ilichukua udhibiti wa visiwa vya Greater and Lesser Tunbs vilivyo upande wa magharibi wa Hormuz dhidi ya matakwa ya Waarabu, na hivyo kupanua udhibiti wa njia za usafiri wa meli.<ref>{{cite web | last = Henderson | first = Simon | title = Unwanted Guest: The Gulf Summit and Iran | publisher = The Washington Institute For Near East Policy | date = 7 December 2007 | url = http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=2691 | accessdate = 15 June 2009 }}</ref> Katika miaka ya 1970, kukiwa hakuna nchi kati ya Iran au Oman iliyojaribu kuzuia mapito ya meli za kivita, lakini katika miaka ya 1980, nchi zote mbili zilishikilia madai yaliyokuwa tofauti na sheria za kimila (za zamani). Baada ya kuridhia mkataba wa UNCLOS mnamo 1989, Oman iliwasilisha matamko yanayothibitisha agizo lake la kifalme la mwaka 1981 kwamba ni upitaji wa amani tu unaoruhusiwa kupitia bahari yake ya kitaifa. Matamko hayo yalisisitiza zaidi kuwa ruhusa ya awali ilihitajika kabla ya meli za kivita za kigeni kupita kwenye maji ya kitaifa ya Oman.<ref name="Groves 2011"/> Wakati wa kusaini mkataba huo mnamo 1982, Iran iliwasilisha tamko linaloeleza "kwamba ni nchi wanachama tu wa Mkataba wa Sheria ya Bahari watakaokuwa na haki ya kufaidika na haki za kimkataba zilizowekwa humo", ikijumuisha "haki ya mapito ya mpito kupitia milango ya bahari inayotumiwa kwa usafiri wa kimataifa". Mnamo 1993, Iran ilitunga sheria ya kina kuhusu maeneo ya bahari, ambayo vipengele vyake vinakinzana na vifungu vya UNCLOS, ikiwa ni pamoja na sharti linalotaka meli za kivita, nyambizi, na meli zinazotumia nishati ya nyuklia kupata ruhusa kabla ya kufanya upitaji wa amani kupitia maji ya kitaifa ya Iran. Marekani haitambui madai yoyote kati ya hayo ya Oman na Iran na emekuwa ikiyapinga yote.<ref name="Groves 2011"/> ==Biashara ya mafuta== [[File:Volume oil strait hormuz 2014 2024.png|thumb|upright=1.4|Biashara ya mafuta kupitia mlangoni kwa asili na unakoenda, 2014–2024]] Katika kipindi cha 2023–2025, asilimia 20 ya gesi asilia ya kimiminika duniani na asilimia 25 ya biashara ya mafuta yanayosafirishwa kwa njia ya bahari ilipita kwenye Mlango huu, jambo linaloonyesha umuhimu mkubwa wa eneo hilo kwa biashara.<ref name="eia-20120104" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=World Oil Transit Chokepoints|url=https://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723221931/http://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis_includes/special_topics/World_Oil_Transit_Chokepoints/wotc.pdf|archive-date=23 July 2015|access-date=13 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Rejea habari|title=Iran Releases Tanker It Seized From the Strait of Hormuz|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/19/world/middleeast/iran-tanker-strait-of-hormuz.html|date=19 November 2025|access-date=28 November 2025|language=en}}</ref> Kulingana na Idara ya Habari za Nishati ya Marekani, mnamo mwaka 2011, wastani wa meli za mafuta 14 kwa siku ziliondoka Ghuba ya Uajemi kupitia mlangoni zikiwa zimebeba pipa {{convert|17|Moilbbl|m3}} za mafuta yasiyosafishwa. Zaidi ya asilimia 85 ya mauzo haya ya mafuta yasiyosafishwa yalikwenda kwenye masoko ya Asia, huku Japan, India, Korea Kusini na Uchina zikiwa ndizo nchi zilizopokea kiasi kikubwa zaidi.<ref name=USEIA01>{{cite web |url= http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/156265/ |title=Strait of Hormuz |website=The [[Encyclopedia of Earth]] |author=Alejandra Roman & Energy Information Administration |access-date=2 June 2015 |archive-date=5 April 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160405131935/http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/156265/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo 2018, mapipa milioni 21 kwa siku yalipita kwenye mlango huo, yenye thamani ya dola bilioni 1.2 kwa bei za mwaka 2019.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2shPOThjIQ |archive-url= https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211117/R2shPOThjIQ |archive-date=17 November 2021 |url-status=live |title=The Strait of Hormuz Explained |website=[[YouTube]]|date=31 October 2019 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> Kama usafirishaji wa meli kupitia Mlango wa Hormuz ungeingiliwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kwa muda mrefu, jambo hilo linaweza kusababisha mgogoro mkubwa wa usambazaji wa mafuta kwa waagizaji wakuu vya Asia kama vile Japan, India, Korea Kusini, na Uchina.<ref>{{Rejea habari |title=Asian countries most at risk from oil & gas supply disruptions in Strait of Hormuz: Research group |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/energy/oil-gas/israel-iran-usa-war-asian-countries-most-at-risk-from-oil-gas-supply-disruptions-in-strait-of-hormuz-research-group/articleshow/128947545.cms |work=[[The Economic Times]]|date=3 March 2026|access-date=11 April 2026}}</ref>{{AI-retrieved source|checked=yes}}<ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Mesmer |first=Philippe |last2=Pedroletti |first2=Brice |last3=Thibault |first3=Harold |date=3 March 2026 |title=Asian oil imports threatened as traffic halts in the Strait of Hormuz |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/economy/article/2026/03/03/asian-oil-imports-threatened-as-traffic-halts-in-the-strait-of-hormuz_6751055_19.html |access-date=11 April 2026 |work=Le Monde}}</ref> Ghuba ya Uajemi pia ni kitovu kikuu cha uzalishaji na mauzo ya [[fertilizer|mbolea]] duniani. Nchi kama vile Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, na Oman ni miongoni mwa nchi zinazoongoza duniani kwa kuuza mbolea ya naitrojeni, ikiwa ni pamoja na urea na amonia. Katika miaka ya 2020, eneo hili limechangia takribani asilimia 30–35 ya mauzo ya urea duniani na karibu asilimia 20%–30% ya mauzo ya amonia. Kwa ujumla, hadi asilimia 30 ya mbolea inayouzwa kimataifa kwa kawaida hupitia Mlango wa Hormuz.<ref name=":02">{{cite report |title=Global Agrifood Implications of the 2026 Conflict in the Middle East |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd8875en |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |location=Rome, Italy |date=2026 |language=English |id=CD8875EN}}</ref> == Magendo == Mlango wa Hormuz ni njia kuu ya biashara haramu ya magendo kati ya Rasi ya Musandam (sehemu ya Oman iliyotengwa kijiografia) na pwani ya kusini ya Iran. Jiji la Khasab katika Mkoa wa Musandam ndilo kitovu kikuu cha uchumi huu wa magendo wa kuvuka mlangon hapo. <ref name="DerSpiegel2012">{{cite news |title=A Smuggler's Paradise in Oman |url=https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/photo-gallery-a-smuggler-s-paradise-in-oman-fotostrecke-77604.html |work=[[Der Spiegel]] |date=20 January 2012 |access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> Bidhaa kama vile vifaa vya kielektroniki, vyombo vya nyumbani, sigara, na magari ya kifahari kwa kawaida hununuliwa katika Falme za Kiarabu, kusafirishwa kwa nchi kavu hadi Khasab, na kisha kusafirishwa kwa boti kuvuka mlangoni ili kukwepa vikwazo vya kimataifa dhidi ya Iran.<ref name="AlJazeera2016">{{cite news |last1=Muller |first1=Quentin |last2=Castelier |first2=Sebastian |title=Hard times for Oman's Strait smugglers |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2016/9/29/hard-times-for-omans-strait-smugglers |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |date=29 September 2016 |access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> Kwa upande mwingine, boti za Iran husafirisha mifugo, hasa kondoo na mbuzi wanaopelekwa kwenye masoko ya UAE na Saudi Arabia, hasa wakati wa sikukuu za Kiislamu kama vile Eid al-Adha. Dawa za kulevya na wahamiaji wasio na nyaraka pia husafirishwa kutoka Iran kwenda Oman.<ref name="Lowy2017">{{cite web |last=Balas |first=Alexander |title=The smugglers of Musandam |url=https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/smugglers-musandam |website=[[Lowy Institute]] |date=14 November 2017 |access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> Mamlaka za Oman kwa ujumla huvumilia biashara hiyo huko Khasab, kwani inatoa chanzo kikubwa cha mapato kwa eneo la Musandam lililotengwa kijiografia.<ref name="AlJazeera2016"/> Kinyume chake, mamlaka za Iran hupambana rasmi na mtindo huo. Idara ya Forodha na Ushuru ya Iran imekadiria kuwa magendo kupitia mlangoni yanaigharimu uchumi wa Iran makumi ya maelfu ya nafasi za kazi na kukwepa mabilioni ya dola za ushuru wa forodha kila mwaka.<ref name="AlJazeera2016"/> Ukubwa wa soko hili la magendo hubadilika kulingana na ukali wa vikwazo vya kimataifa dhidi ya Iran; vikwazo vikali zaidi huongeza mahitaji ya bidhaa za walaji zinazoingizwa kimagendo nchini humo.<ref name="Lowy2017"/> Baada ya kupungua kwa shughuli hizo kuelekea mwishoni mwa muhula wa urais wa [[Barack Obama]], biashara ya magendo imeongezeka tena katika miaka ya hivi karibuni kutokana na kushamiri kwa mgogoro wa kikanda.<ref>{{cite web | last=Wright | first=Camilla | title=View from Musandam: Sanction busting in the Strait of Hormuz | website=Semafor | date=27 November 2024 | url=https://www.semafor.com/article/11/27/2024/view-from-musandam-sanction-busting-in-the-strait-of-hormuz | access-date=8 April 2026}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Milangobahari ya Asia|Hormuz]] [[Jamii:Ghuba ya Uajemi]] [[Jamii:Bahari ya Hindi]] rcqq9d1tvc5h0n4vee559fp1j34uef5 0 13987 1547678 1399332 2026-05-21T14:18:52Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Marejeo */ 1547678 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Islam}} '''Manabii wa Uislamu''' ni [[binadamu]] [[wanaume]] ambao huhesabiwa na [[Uislamu|Waislamu]] kuwa [[nabii|manabii]] waliochaguliwa na [[Allah|Mungu]]. Kwa [[imani]] ya Kiislamu manabii hao wote walihubiri ujumbe uleule wa kumwabudu Allah. == Kwenye Kurani == Kuna majina ya watu 25 kwenye [[Kurani]] wanaotajwa kuwa manabii. Wengi kati yao hutajwa pia katika [[Biblia]] na majina yao jinsi yalivyo kawaida katika [[Uyahudi]] na [[Ukristo]] yanatajwa katika mabano. Sehemu za habari za manabii wa Kurani na watu wa Biblia hulingana, lakini mara nyingi ziko tofauti pia. Kwa mfano [[Ibrahim]] wa Kurani aliambiwa na [[Mungu]] kumtoa mwanawe kama [[sadaka]] lakini jina lake halitajwi, kumbe katika Biblia habari hii inasimuliwa juu ya [[Isaka]]. [[Dawud]] hutajwa na Kurani kama nabii, wakati Daudi wa Biblia ni [[mfalme]] mwenye manabii wake (hasa [[Gad]] na [[Nathan]]), ingawa anaweza kuhesabiwa kama nabii kwa sababu ya kuchangia [[kitabu cha Zaburi]] (ambacho kina utabiri mbalimbali kuhusu [[Yesu]]. Manabii hao wa Kurani ni pamoja na <small>''(jina la Kurani, kwa maandishi ya Kiarabu,, sura ya Kurani anapotajwa, jina la Kibiblia linaloweza kumaanishwa)''</small><br/> # Adam (آدم , Sura [http://al-quran.info/#3 3:33] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#3 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Adamu]]) # Idris au Idrisa (إدريس, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#19 19:54] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#19 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Henoko]]) # Nuh (نوح, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#26 26:10] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#26 |date=20090129090725 }} ) ([[Nuhu]]) # [[Hud]] (هود, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#26 26:125] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#26 |date=20090129090725 }} ) (labda [[Eberi]]), # [[Saleh]] au Salih (صالح, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#26 26,143] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#26 |date=20090129090725 }}) (labda Shilo wa Biblia) # Ibrahim au Ibrahimu (إبراهيم, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#9 9,70] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#9 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Abrahamu]]) # Luut (لوط, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#26 26,162] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#26 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Lut]]) # Ismail au Ismaili (إسماعيل, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#19 19,54] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#19 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Ishmaeli]]) # Ishaq au Isihaka (إسحاق, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#19 19,49] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#19 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Isaka]]) # Ya'qub au Yakubu (يعقوب, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#19 19,49] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#19 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Yakobo Israeli]]) # Yusuf (يوسف, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#6 6:89] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#6 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Yusufu]]) # Ayyub (أيوب, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#6 6,89] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#6 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Ayubu]]) # Shu'aib (شعيب, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#24 24,178] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#24 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Yethro]]) # Musa (موسى, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#19 19,51] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#19 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Musa]]) # Harun au Haruni (هارون, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#19 19,53] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#19 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Aroni]]) # Dzul-Kifli (ذو الكفل, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#38 38,48] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#38 |date=20090129090725 }}) (labda [[Ezekieli]] # Dawud (داود, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#6 6,89] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#6 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Daudi]]) # Suleyman au Suleimani (سليمان, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#6 6,89] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#6 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Solomoni]]) # Ilyas au Ilyasa (إلياس, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#37 37,173] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#37 |date=20090129090725 }}) (labda [[Eliya]]) # Al-Yasa (اليسع, Sura ) ([[Elisha]]) # Yunus (يونس, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#6 6,89] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#6 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[nabii Yona]]) # Zakariyya (زكريا [http://al-quran.info/#6 6,89] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#6 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Zakaria (Injili)|Zakaria]]) # Yahya (يحيى, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#3 3,39] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#3 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Yohane Mbatizaji]]) # Isa (عيسى, Sura [http://al-quran.info/#4 4,171] {{Wayback|url=http://al-quran.info/#4 |date=20090129090725 }}) ([[Yesu]]) # [[Muhammad]] == Mitume na Manabii == Kufuatana na mafundisho ya [[Uislamu]] katika [[dini]] zote za mbinguni ambazo Mwenyezi [[Mungu]] amewaletea wanadamu kwa njia ya Mitume na Manabii, kama dini ya [[Uyahudi|Kiyahudi]], dini ya Kinasara ([[Ukristo]]) na dini ya Kiislamu, hao Mitume na Manabii wametajwa katika vitabu walivyokuja navyo, na hii ni ishara moja kubwa kuwa dini hizo zina asili moja na Mwenyezi Mungu mmoja. == Mitume katika Talmud == Katika kitabu cha [[Wayahudi]] cha [[Talmud]], Mitume wao wametajwa kama ifuatayo: [[Abrahamu]], [[Isaka]], [[Yakobo]], [[Mose]], [[Haruni]], [[Yoshua]], [[Samueli]], [[Solomoni]], [[Obadia]], [[Jehu bin Hanani]], [[Azaria bin Odedi]], [[Jahazieli Mlawi]], [[Eliezeri bin Dodavahu]], [[nabii Hosea|Hosea]], [[nabii Amosi|Amos]], [[Nabii Mika|Mika]], [[Amoz]] (baba wa [[nabii Isaya]]), [[Eliya]], [[Elisha]], [[Yona]], [[Nabii Isaya|Isaya]], [[nabii Yoeli|Yoeli]], [[Nabii Nahumu|Nahumu]], [[nabii Habakuki|Habakuki]], [[nabii Sefania|Sefania]], [[Uria]], [[nabii Yeremia|Yeremia]], [[nabii Ezekieli|Ezekieli]], [[Shemaia]], [[nabii Baruku|Baruku]], [[Neria]] (baba wa [[Baruku]], [[Meseia]] (baba wa Neria), [[nabii Hagai|Hagai]], [[nabii Zekaria|Zekaria]], [[Malaki]] yaani [[Ezra]], [[Hasofer]], [[Mordekai Bilshan]], [[Oded]] (baba wa Azaria), na [[Hanani]] (baba wa Jehu) == Mitume wengine katika [[Biblia]] == Mitume wengine walitajwa katika [[Agano la Kale]], kati yao ni: [[Adamu]], [[Noah]] (Nuh), [[Yuda (babu)|Yuda]] (Yahuda), [[Daudi]]. Wengine tena wanatajwa katika [[Agano Jipya]], hasa Yohane Mbatizaji (Yahya) na Yesu bin Mariamu ('Îsa). == Mitume katika Kurani == Mwenyezi Mungu ametaja Mitume na Manabii 25 katika [[Kurani]], na katika [[Hadithi za Mtume]] [[Muhammad]] imetajwa kuwa idadi yao kwa jumla ni 124,000, katika hao 315 ni Mitume na waliobaki ni Manabii. Kati ya hao waliotajwa ndani ya Kurani ni: Adam, Idris, Nuh, [[Hud]], [[Salih]], Lut, Ibrahim, Ismail, Is-haq, Yaqub, Yusuf, [[Shu'aib]], Ayyub, [[Dhulkifl]], Musa, Harun, Daud, Sulaiman, Ilyas, Ilyas'a, Yunus, Zakaria, Yahya, Isa, na Muhammad. Miongoni mwao, watano ni Mitume wakubwa ambao walipewa mitihani mingi wakawa na subira kustahimili matatizo ya umma zao. Hawa ni Nuhu, Ibrahimu, Musa, Isa na Muhammad. == Tofauti baina ya Mitume na Manabii == Mitume ni wale ambao Mwenyezi Mungu aliwatuma kwa kauma na umma mbalimbali ili kuwaelekeza njia yake na kuwaepusha na njia za upotofu za [[Ibilisi]] na [[Shetani]]. Kumbe Manabii ni wale walioletewa [[ufunuo]] na [[wahyi]] kutoka kwa Mwenyezi Mungu ili wawafahamishe watu wao kuhusu ujumbe wake. Lakini si wote wanakubali kuwatofautisha hivyo. == Ujumbe wa Mitume na Manabii == Kadiri ya Uislamu Mitume na Manabii wote, tangu alipoletwa Adam mpaka Mtume wa mwisho kuletwa duniani, wote wamekuja na ujumbe mmoja wa kuwa Mwenyezi Mungu Mola wa walimwengu wote na viumbe vyote ni Mmoja na hana mshirika, na kuwa yeyote atakayemshirikisha Mwenyezi Mungu na kitu chochote, basi huyo huwa amepotea na ametoka njia iliyonyoka, na malipo yake ni kutiwa motoni milele. == Marejeo == * [http://www.prophetskurds.com/00summary.htm Mitume wa Kikristo] {{Wayback|url=http://www.prophetskurds.com/00summary.htm |date=20081019004207 }} * [http://selhaj.bravehost.com/apostles.html Mitume wa Kiislamu] {{Wayback|url=http://selhaj.bravehost.com/apostles.html |date=20150927010040 }} {{mbegu-dini}} [[Jamii:Mitume na manabii katika Uislamu]] [[Jamii:Uislamu]] hrda4m7lfdw7420y1vkn20deno44zw8 3 14699 1547845 1547120 2026-05-21T18:55:31Z Eurohunter 7906 /* Kiswahili */ mjadala mpya 1547845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{archive box collapsible| *[[User:Riccardo Riccioni/Archive 1|Januri 2008 — Juni 9, 2024]] }} ==Fransisko wa Asizi== Riccardo, salam. Nd. Riccardo, ile makala ya Fransisko wa Asizi, umeandika safi sana na inaeleweka. Lakini je vipi kuhusu mwaka aliozaliwa huyu bwana unaujua? Natumai utakuwa umeitafsiri kutoka wiki zingine ama sivyo? Natumai ndivyo!! Basi kama utaweza kuandika mwanzo kabisa mwaka aliozaliwa itakuwa bora zaidi. Labada nikupe mfano mdogo: '''Fransisko wa Asizi''' (tarehe na mwaka aliozaliwa) alikuwa mtakatifu kutoka nchini Italia. Asizi alizaliwa katika mkoa wa Umbria, wilaya ya Perugia, Italia.... Kisha unaweka kama ndugu na mambo mengine!! Haya basi kama hujaelewa labda umwulize Kipala atakupa habari zaidi!! Kingine usisahau kuweka InterWiki katika makala yako kama ipo katika wiki zingine-'''<nowiki>[[it:Fransisko of Asizi]]</nowiki>''' (sijui kwa lugha ya Kitaliano wanahitaje) lakini inategemea na lugha vyovyote vile inaswihi. Kingine kuweka vichwa katika makala, hili nenda kaangalie makala yako utaona nimefanya vipi mpaka kimekuja kichwa cha habari-[[Fransisko wa Asizi]]. Sina mengi na nakutakia kheri ya mwaka mpya na furaha tele moyoni!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:08, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) Kuna kitu nimesahau kukueleza. Kuweka jamii au category katika makala, mfano: '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki>''' au '''<nowiki>[[Category:Watakatifu]]</nowiki>''' na nyingine ya mwaka aliozaliwa -unaweka mabano kama hayo kisha unaadika (Waliozaliwa 19 na...) kama kafa unaandika Waliofariki (mwaka aliokufa). Natumai utakuwa umeelewa!!--[[User:Muddyb Blast Producer|Mwanaharakati]] 05:20, 7 Januari 2008 (UTC) == Inquiry == Hello Riccardo. I've seen in article's history (Tafsiri ya Vishazi na Virai ...) that you removed the image that goes with the article. I thought it's a good Wikipedia practice to communicate with you to inquire for the reason. '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 18:03, 8 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Yes, it's a good practice. The reason is that the image was not more visible. I don't know why, but if you can restore its visibility, let you do. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:56, 9 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[:File:Sumbawan languages.png]] == Hi Ricardo! helped me to add this Linguistic map of the Sumbawa language to Wikipedia English for the Sumbawa language thanks. [[File:Sumbawan languages.png|thumb|Areas where Sumbawa language is spoken]] [[Maalum:Michango/140.213.127.134|140.213.127.134]] 16:51, 15 Juni 2024 (UTC) Why don't you yourself add it? I see there a editing war... Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:21, 16 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ha ha ha h aha... Umeona siwe tabu. Dah! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 10:00, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) == [[Wikipedia:Makala_za_msingi/Sanaa]] == Ndugu [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Unadhani una muda wa kupitia makala za msingi? Pengine ukatafsiri vichwa vya makala? Nitaangalia namna ya kujaza makala hayo. Lakini nitahakikisha yanakuwemo humu. Unisamehe sana kwa usumbufu. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 09:59, 20 Juni 2024 (UTC) :Ndugu, kazi hiyo ni kubwa sana, ila bahati nzuri tulikwishafanya mimi na marehemu wetu mpenzi Kipala. Tazama: [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi 1000 - orodha ya awali iliyopanuliwa]], [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo/Zote 1000]]. Sijui kwa nini wanaoandaa edithatons wanaelekeza wahariri wapya kuandika makala juu ya watu wasiojulikana sana au ni maarufu kwa ushoga wao badala ya kutunga kurasa hizi za msingi... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Unisamehe kwa kutunza kumbukumbu zako nje ya mfuko wa majadiliano == Ndugu Riccardo, Kama umetambua hivi sasa majadiliano yako yanaonekana kiduchu sana. Nimeyahifadhi katika nyaraka zako kwa vile ni muhimu sana ziwepo. Pia unisamehe kwa kuja nyumbani na kuvunja vitu pasipo-adabu! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 07:43, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) No problem! Tuko pamoja. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 23 Juni 2024 (UTC) == Pendekezo la kuondoa wakabidhi == Ndugu Riccardo, Kuna pendekezo hapa. Naomba upige kura; https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Pendekezo_la_kuondoa_WAKABIDHI_wasio_hai Amani kwako. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_{'''Muddyb Mwanaharakati'''}</font>]]</span> <font face="Comic sans">[[User talk:Muddyb Blast Producer|<font color="black">^'''Longa'''</font>]] 06:11, 8 Julai 2024 (UTC) == Deleting files == Hello! I can't find the administrators notice board so I write to you because you are the most active admin. All files need a valid license and I noticed that a number of files on [[Maalum:FailiZisizotumika]] does not have a valid license. Some have been nominated for deletion and can be seen in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. Perhaps you can have a look and delete the files? The files in [[:Jamii:NowCommons]] can most likely also be deleted. Also GFDL is not a good license for media files so perhaps you can remove it from [[MediaWiki:Licenses]]? --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 17:45, 17 Agosti 2024 (UTC) Please do NOT use page blanking as deletion replacement, but please always DELETE for real. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 13:06, 30 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Ahsante sana bwana Riccardo == '''Kiongozi''', nimefurahishwa sana na marekebisho ya kiufundi uliyoyafanya kwenye makala ya changamoto za Kiswahili. ''Aluta continua.'' Idumu Wikipidia ya Kiswahili''.'' '''[[Mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|Dee Soulza]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Dee Soulza|majadiliano]])''' 16:56, 30 Agosti 2024 (UTC) ==Childbirth== Does SW WP not have an article on childbirth?[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34581#sitelinks-wikipedia]. Not clear why this one was removed?[https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuzaa&action=history] [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 07:08, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :Dear doctor, as you know from the past, the translations you promote have very problems, starting from the titles. We had an article about generation, but not about human childbirth. Now I have transferred your page on kuzaa to a new one about [[kujifungua]], that is human childbirth. No more. We are trying to accept your contributions, though recurrent mistakes, e.g. many links in the text redirecting to English title not existing in Sw Wiki, or missing categories below. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:51, 4 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::Thank you for being willing to collaborate. I am of course working with volunteers and introducing them to Wikipedia. While they are generally language experts / translators they are not Wikipedia experts. ::We can put all articles translated into [[Jamii:Afya]]/[[Jamii:Madawa]] automatically if that would help. Have added attribution to Kujifungua. ::What do you mean by "many links in the text redirecting to English title". The software should automatically be substituting EN link with SW links and if it is not I can file a bug report. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:16, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::Software is a machine... I found such wrong links in your articles, though I had not time to correct all of them. Peace to you, doctor! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Okay found the link issue... Will see what is happening and what we can do to prevent it going forwards. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 13:31, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :::::E.G. link to [[affect (psychology)]] in the first text of the now redirected Ugonjwa wa kutotulia kihisia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:34, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ::::::Thank you for all your help. We will continue to work on improving our efforts. Best [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 10:14, 9 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Padre Giovanni Losi == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace! Come stai? Io abbastanza bene!!! A dine mese avremo un nuovo parroco, don Andrea Legranzini, proveniente da Boffalora d'Adda. Lo aspettiamo felici!!! Ti chiedo, per favore, un piccolo favore, se potessi aprirmi questa piccola pagina in Swahili. Ri invio una bozza: <nowiki>[[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' (amezaliwa [[Caselle Landi]], 29 November 1838 – 27 December 1882) ni alikuwa kasisi wa Kiitaliano na mmisionari [[Kanisa Katoliki|Mkatoliki]] nchini [[Italia]]. Alipewa upadre mwaka 1862, mwaka 1872 alikwenda Sudan pamoja na Daniele Comboni, hadi El-Obeid.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> aliandika, pamoja na Padre Bonomi, katekisimu na kamusi ya lugha ya Kinubi.<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya kifo cha Comboni mnamo 1881, alikua mrithi wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> La traduzuione sarebbe: Ordinato sacerdote nel 1862, nel 1872 andò in Sudan con daniele Comboni, a El-Obeid. ha scitto, con padre Bonomi, un catechismo e un dizionario della lingua Nubiana. Alla morte di Comboni, nel 1881, è diventato il suo successore fino al 1882, anno della sua morte. Grzie di tutto quello che fai per me. Buon fine settimana!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:05, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Sarebbe così: [[Image:Father Giovanni Losi MCCI.jpg|Right|thumb|220px|Giovanni Losi (1865).]] '''Giovanni Losi''' ([[Caselle Landi]], [[29 Novemba]] [[1838]] – [[27 Desemba]] [[1882]]) alikuwa [[kasisi]] na [[mmisionari]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kutoka [[Italia]]. Baada ya kupewa [[upadirisho]] [[mwaka]] [[1862]], mwaka [[1872]] pamoja na [[Daniele Comboni]] alikwenda [[Sudan]], hadi [[El-Obeid]].<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 334</ref> Huko aliandika, pamoja na padre Bonomi, [[katekisimu]] na [[kamusi]] ya [[lugha]] ya [[Kinubi]].<ref>[https://www.comboni.org/fratelli/106304 In Pace Christi - Giovanni Losi]</ref> Baada ya [[kifo]] cha Comboni mnamo [[1881]], alikua [[mrithi]] wake hadi 1882, mwaka wa kifo chake.<ref>Giuseppe Bonfanti, Caselle del Po - Caselle Landi, un paese sul Po, 2a ed, Comune di Caselle Landi, 1998, pag. 336</ref> </nowiki> ===Tanbihi=== {{Reflist}} ===Viungo vya nje=== * [https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-losi_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ ''Dizionario biografico degli italiani''] <nowiki>{{Mbegu-Mkristo}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Losi, Giovanni}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1838]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1882]] [[Jamii:watu wa Italia]]</nowiki> '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == [[Giovanni Losi]] == Grazie di tutto, per il gradissimo aiuto!!! Che padre Losi interceda per tutti noi!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 06:35, 18 Septemba 2024 (UTC) Grazie di tutto, Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 20:40, 19 Septemba 2024 (UTC) ==Wikidata links== Hey Riccardo... The SW Mpox article was linked to the outbreak[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q112070734&diff=2254757978&oldid=2234414990] rather then the disease itself.[https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q382370&diff=2254758018&oldid=2254610542] Have fixed. [[User:Doc James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]] · [[Special:Contributions/Doc James|contribs]] · [[Special:EmailUser/Doc James|email]]) 17:20, 30 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Request == Can you please take a look at [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]? Thanks, '''[[Mtumiaji:TenWhile6|TenWhile6]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:TenWhile6|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 24 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) == Redirect == [[mwandiko]] is nothing but redirect to [[maandishi]]. Missing content exists in [[w:it:jod]] [[w:it:sho (lettera)]] @ [[w:it:Template:Alfabeto_greco_navbox]]. Please import it here, thank you. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-8390|&#126;2024-8390]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-8390|talk]]) 17:32, 3 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :I wonder if you know the meaning of both articles. They are not the same as you claimed. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:01, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::Dear Muddy, thanks. As usual, they don't know our language. All the same, I have changed the redirect to a full article about "handwriting". Peace to both of you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:21, 4 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :::Ajabu kabisa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 05:53, 10 Novemba 2024 (UTC) ::::FYI: both Greek letters are already here in Kiswahili, but need to get missing content from Italian articles into Kiswahili ones. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25812|&#126;2024-25812]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25812|talk]]) 14:04, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Malicious foreign patrollers == They tend to mess anonymous users, they are worse than blatant vandals. Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363270&oldid=1344998 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuuawa_kwa_Alvin_Cole&diff=1363448&oldid=1363308 [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-12800|&#126;2024-12800]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-12800|talk]]) 14:58, 13 Novemba 2024 (UTC) Example: *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933633&oldid=933629 *http://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kirumi&diff=933628&oldid=933625 PATROLLER twice vandalizes correct IP's correct repair of redirect which requires REDIRECT word to function properly. FYI: ALREADY banned permanently. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-15320|&#126;2024-15320]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-15320|talk]]) 17:15, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hey Riccardo, I'm seeing that you blocked [[Mtumiaji:Pmlineditor|Pmlineditor]] in response to this message. Pmlineditor is a former steward who has not edited any Wikimedia project in ~3 years, and the linked edits were from 2014. While it doesn't have any practical effect (since Pmlineditor has retired) I'd ask that you unblock their account. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:EPIC|EPIC]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EPIC|majadiliano]])''' 22:33, 20 Novemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kujifunza_kwa_mashine&diff=1370974&oldid=1370973 Joke edits] done back and forth, another example of foreigner who even does not know Kiswahili nor content layout itself. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24650|&#126;2024-24650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24650|talk]]) 09:40, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Borhan / Tanbiruzzaman appear to be mutual sock puppets, both are from Bengal Wikipedia and both are doing troubles here. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-24315|&#126;2024-24315]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-24315|talk]]) 14:57, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Enough is Enough! [[Maalum:Michango/HakanIST]] + [[Maalum:Michango/Borhan]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Talman Talman|Talman Talman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Talman Talman|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mapenzi_ya_jinsia_moja&diff=1328553&oldid=1327815 This alone] shows what is worth dependence upon not so own hosting infrastructure. It is peak of this foreign intervention scandal, as of 2024 year. We must not bow to this all, never! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30687|&#126;2024-30687]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30687|talk]]) 17:58, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) What a utter nonsense! Patroller today again reverts perfectly GOOD edits like this: [[Maalum:Michango/WikiBayer]] while REAL vandalism like this: [[Maalum:Michango/Marcleonard_Galus]] and this [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-31972]] completely escapes their attention. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) '''You''' should undelete them all. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=delete&user=LR0725 Mass Article Deletion] with impunity by external interventionists is '''UNWANTED''' here. '''You''' improved them all already. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31475|&#126;2024-31475]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31475|talk]]) 12:50, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) [[Maalum:Michango/Ternera]] - nonsense edit warring against [[w:en:Wikipedia:Edit_warring#The_three-revert_rule]] despite of correct header edits from us. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 17:06, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) R.R. don't be shy, show this RED ATHEIST place in a row, simply because he administratively harasses INNOCENT USERS: http://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu/1234qwer1234qwer4 Really, he is petty global admin-snitch who on META tells around the clock that those are norse breiviks, or similar ALIKES! 10:38, 22 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Infoboxes == Do you know any Wikipedian who could fix "infobox drug" and "infobox birth control" so those en.wikipedia.org infoboxes also work on sw.wikipedia.org? Thanks. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lucas559|majadiliano]])''' 21:13, 18 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :No, but let you ask [[mtumiaji:Jadnapac|Jadnapac]]. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) :Hi [[Mtumiaji:Lucas559|Lucas559]]! I'm always happy to help bring templates to the Swahili Wikipedia, but I have to leave the translations to others at the moment. Let me know if you need help doing the former ''[[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rich Farmbrough|Rich Farmbrough]]'' , <small>22:12, 8 Desemba 2024 (UTC).</small><br /> == Eternal page protections == Even in bigger Wikipedias pages are typically protected for finite time at most. I feel that eternal time is too excessive, and offenders are typically doing disruption for no longer than one year. Can you shorten all these [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=protect&user=Kipala&limit=500 eternal page protections] to at least one year? As for now, all related offenders are long gone, and honest "temporary accounts" are unable to edit at all. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:09, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It's a very long list and needs time to shorten their protection. Very badly, the one who used to eternally protect those pages has died. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:22, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::So at least can you NOW unprotect [[Digamma]] and [[Pai (herufi)]] for now? None of other Greek letters including those protected ones, were ever vandalized at all since years. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|Jeriba$higanu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jeriba$higanu|majadiliano]])''' 10:24, 9 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == [[w:it:Wikipedia:Verificabilità#Fonti_dubbie]] == Per un'enciclopedia, le fonti dovrebbero essere indiscutibili. '''Un'enciclopedia non è una fonte primaria''': i suoi autori non conducono interviste né compiono ricerche originali. Dunque, qualunque cosa sia inclusa in Wikipedia dovrebbe essere già stata trattata in trascrizioni, ricerche, studi o reportage altrui che abbiano possibilmente goduto di considerazione a livello accademico e/o internazionale. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-25658|&#126;2024-25658]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-25658|talk]]) 08:08, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) Io lo so, ma altri no. Grazie per avere eliminato molte fonti dubbie. Pace a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:17, 10 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :To avoid resurgence of fake pseudoreference plague recently cleaned in hundreds of articles, can you put inside adminprotected [[template:Karibu]] advice against doing <nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki> entries containing links to any and all WIKIMEDIA/WIKIPEDIA sites, by declaring there that purely external sources are always needed? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 12 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :It is weak English, please change in [[template:Karibu]] relevant statement to: by writing '''them''' themselves. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokamamie|Kokamamie]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokamamie|majadiliano]])''' 08:00, 13 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Page CAN be editprotected even if AFTER deletion == [[Wikipedia:Mkaguzi wa watumiaji]] - vandalism newpage, delete first, protect second. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27968|&#126;2024-27968]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27968|talk]]) 08:38, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Technical errors == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cristiano_Ronaldo&diff=1376422&oldid=1376415 this diff shows you reinserted TAB] (tabulators), where spaces should normally be. [[Maalum:Michango/~2024-27447]] edited correctly, restoring YOUR version but WITHOUT TAB (tabulators). Can you remove these TAB (tabulators) again? Simple as self-revert in this case. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27442|&#126;2024-27442]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27442|talk]]) 12:26, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Nuova foto nella pagina [[Giovanni Losi]] == Carissimo padre Riccardo, pace!!! Ho aggiunto una foto in questa pagina e ti chiederei, per favore, di controllare se la didascalia è esatta. Volevo dire: ''La strada dedicata a padre Losi, a Caselle Landi''. Grazie mille per il tuo prezioso aiuto. Approfitto per farti tanti auguri di un Santo natale e Buon 2025, tanta Luce del Signore per te. A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:03, 14 Desemba 2024 (UTC) : Grazie mille di tutto, il tuo aiuto è sempre prezioso!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 08:27, 17 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == EXAMPLE: [[talk:Beka Flavour]] == Orphan talk WITHOUT its article - nothing but nonsense, please delete. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27365|&#126;2024-27365]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27365|talk]]) 07:50, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) FYI: ON any NORMAL wikipedia talk pages are ALWAYS to be deleted when its page is not existing. Example: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Talk%3ABijoy+Smarani+University+College 04:11, 15 December 2024 Liz talk contribs deleted page Talk:Bijoy Smarani University College (G8: Talk page of a deleted or non-existent page) [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-27882|&#126;2024-27882]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-27882|talk]]) 09:11, 15 Desemba 2024 (UTC) I see you deleted it already. It was sad it was overlooked too long. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Yesterday new account flood == I lost whole day correcting '''misedits''' done by them all. Most problematic user is this [[Special:contribs/Marcleonard_Galus]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-30796|&#126;2024-30796]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-30796|talk]]) 09:09, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Macleonard Galus" partially includes vandalisms, I clean after him. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 23 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Thank you for your collaboration, @[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]]. We appreciate it. Our problem is the private initiative of starting Editathons without good preparation, so the new users unconsciously do so many vandalisms, causing every time lost of a lot of time. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::Can you force good preparation before EVERY Editathon, so it will not have to be massively corrected like above temporary account and I done collaboratively? '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :::We sysops discussed about the problem but someone does go on his way! Let you give us suggestions. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Before any Editathon, organizer should meet you obligatorily, and non-WMF wiki should be used for editing exercises before going to real Wikipedia editing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 24 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::Macleonard Gallus strikes back, he only [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bi._Shakila&diff=1380879&oldid=1380876 repeatedly] does multiapostrophe trashing, he is STUBBORN. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 14:59, 28 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ::::[[Maalum:Michango/Said_Mohamed_Mgeleka]] Stubborn advertising. '''[[Mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|FARȢK GADU]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:FARȢK GADU|majadiliano]])''' 17:37, 29 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == Mtumiaji VS Majadiliano ya mtumiaji == Position correcte pour <nowiki>{{karibu}}</nowiki> est en "majadiliano ya mtumiaji". Raison: "Vous avez un nouveau message" automatiquement. '''[[Mtumiaji:ErvanElman|ErvanElman]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ErvanElman|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) "Karibu" is NOT to be placed on non-talk USER page, because receiver never will get this: "You have a new Talk page message". [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2024-31611|&#126;2024-31611]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2024-31611|talk]]) 18:13, 25 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :Merci beaucoup. Thanks. I do know it well. My mystakes only occurred accidentally while correctly welcoming many new users yesterday. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:18, 26 Desemba 2024 (UTC) == U4C Notification == Hello Riccardo Riccioni,<br /> You are named in a recently filed request to the [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Please review the request at [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] You are requested to enter your statement and any other material you wish to submit, so that the U4C can get a better overview of the situation. All writing should be complete, but also as concise as possible. Please ensure that you make all comments in your own section and in the discussion section only. If the U4C makes a decision, this will be binding for you and so your participation is recommended. Please do not reply here, but on the linked case page, or on the associated talk page. If you would like to contact the U4C directly, you will find an e-mail address [[:m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee#How_to_contact_U4C|here]]. Please use the email only if privacy is necessary (e.g. personal information). Best, On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) ;(tafsiri otomatiki) :Hujambo Riccardo Riccioni, :Ulitajwa katika ombi lililowasilishwa hivi majuzi kwa Kamati ya Uratibu ya Kanuni za Maadili ya Jumla [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] (U4C). Tafadhali kagua ombi lako kwenye [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] :Unaombwa kuweka taarifa yako na nyenzo nyingine yoyote unayotaka kuwasilisha, ili U4C iweze kuelewa vyema hali hiyo. Maandishi yote yanapaswa kuwa kamili, lakini pia kwa ufupi iwezekanavyo. Hakikisha umechapisha maoni yote katika sehemu yako na sehemu ya majadiliano pekee. Ikiwa U4C itafanya uamuzi, itakulazimu na kwa hivyo tunapendekeza ushiriki. :Tafadhali usijibu hapa, lakini kwenye ukurasa wa kesi uliounganishwa au ukurasa wa mazungumzo unaohusishwa. Ikiwa ungependa kuwasiliana na U4C moja kwa moja, utapata barua pepe hapa. Tafadhali tumia barua pepe tu ikiwa unahitaji faragha (k.m. maelezo ya kibinafsi). :Karibuni sana, :Kwa niaba ya kamati ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 10:21, 22 Desemba 2024 (UTC) :As an individual I encourage you to please participate in the next 3-5 days. (Kama mtu binafsi ninakuhimiza tafadhali ushiriki katika siku 3-5 zijazo.) '''[[Mtumiaji:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Barkeep49|majadiliano]])''' 01:46, 9 Januari 2025 (UTC) == [[Lugha ya Adamu]] == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} See explanation: [[Majadiliano:Lugha ya Adamu]]. <blockquote> '''Anna Katharina Emmerick''' in her revelation was informed, that especially three languages of [[Baktria]], [[Zendia]], [[India]] are FIRST EVER descendants of language of [[Adamu]], of course in regard of purity as measure of being LEAST CHANGED from language of [[Adamu]] itself. </blockquote> Please add this to article in Swahili version, I need your effort because I tried to write this sentence in Swahili, and it turned ungramatical. Without this addition, article is still incomplete. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 10:10, 1 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Do him a favor, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 15:45, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) What I put in "blockquote frame" is technically needed to identify language of [[Adamu]] as essentially being RING0 "protoindogermanic" ancestor of RING1 "indoiranic" descendants. It shows that descendant RING2 will be the rest of "indoeuropean" languages, with subsequent "NON-indoeuropean" descendant rings being less and less similar to language of [[Adamu]] itself. '''[[Mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|Mwanajoka]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mwanajoka|majadiliano]])''' 09:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Small Wiki Monitoring Team == Thou will REGRET all SYSOP-ONLY page protections when WMF desysop thee: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Kumbukumbu?type=protect&user=Riccardo+Riccioni [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-10150|&#126;2025-10150]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-10150|talk]]) 12:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Stewards from time to time globally lock local established users like [[Maalum:Michango/Resnick-mike|this one]] out of their accounts for some alleged "long term sexual abuse". It seems that SWAHILI both sysops and users are under siege from WMF. Pure colonialist approach. They still do not dare to do this to local sysops, but they feel that doing this to local users can be done with impunity. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13588|&#126;2025-13588]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-13588|talk]]) 08:41, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Do you happen to have any vivid proof to support your notion? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:01, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Support is here if you wish: [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AFRUCA_Africans_Unite_Against_Child_Abuse&diff=1379881&oldid=1366743 AFRUCA] - stewards are very itchy at newbies touching sexual abuse topics. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-14050|&#126;2025-14050]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:30, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::I have seen the user made sizable number of edits. I haven't found any problem with the account in question. Let me go to the Steward who locked the guy. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 12:36, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::Do not forget they believe malicious denunciations against you local sysops, they can as well believe similar fascist calumnies against their victims. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-13839|&#126;2025-13839]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-14050|talk]]) 12:46, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::::"Checkuser Tools" in case of repeatedly overlapping dynamic IPs between totally unrelated users can produce fake results. '''[[Mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|$ilas duguda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:$ilas duguda|majadiliano]])''' 13:02, 29 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::::::Swahili Wikipedia MUST officially opt-out from Small Wiki Monitoring Team surveillance. Too many collateral global bans against recent incoming accounts since end of 2024 year. CHECKUSER method has one fault. If dynamic IP will be again associated with someone unrelated, while once it was associated with vandal, they blindly BELIEVE it. And result is simple. GLOBAL BAN! '''[[Mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|Hatani Nihongi Katani]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hatani Nihongi Katani|majadiliano]])''' 21:02, 10 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[Joseph Leonard Haule]] == Ndugu Riccardo, Naomba ufute ukurasa tajwa hapo juu ili tuweze kuunga interwiki links zake kwa <nowiki>[[Professor Jay]]</nowiki>. Aliyehamisha mwanzo kutoka Prof. kwenda Joseph hakika hajui alitendalo. Pole kwa usumbufu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 14:22, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Nimeshafuta tayari @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 17:59, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Iliyotakiwa kufutwa ni Joseph Leonard Haule. Ile Professor Jay ndiyo halisi kwa sababu ni jina lake kisanii linalofahamika kimataifa. Kuita jina la mwanamuziki kwa jina la kuzaliwa si sawa. Hamisha matini kwa Profesa kisha futa hii ya Joseph. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 20:37, 3 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Shida ni kwamba huyo si msanii tu, bali pia mwanasiasa. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:11, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Ikiwa unapendekeza ibaki ilivyo, basi lisiwe jina zima bali "Joseph Haule" itakuwa rahisi zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 5 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Makala za Kongo == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] natumaini wewe ni mzima wa afya, Kuna makala zinzondelea kuandikwa kutoka kongo nadhani ni editathon inayoendelea uko na sijajua bado kiongozi wake ni nani, bado wanaoandika awana uelewa mzuri kuhusu uandishi wa makala je kunajambo linaweza kufanyika? '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 03:18, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Samahani kwa kuingilia mjadala, kama ni Kongo, kwani hawana Wikipedia yao? Ni ndogo sana ukilinganisha na ya Kiswahili. Inakuwaje wanajaza uchafu huku wakiacha ya kwao? '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 07:58, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] nchi nyingi sasa wanashiriki kuandika makala za kiswahili ikiwemo Rwanda, Kenya na wengine wengi. Changamoto ni kutokua na mawasiliano na wausika wa editathon izo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 08:12, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Ndugu@[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]], si kosa kuingilia mjadala, ila @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ameshakujibu: Wikipedia hii si ya Tanzania, bali ya lugha ya Kiswahili ambayo ni ya kimataifa. Hakuna Wikipedia ya Kingwana (yaani ya Kiswahili cha Kongo). Muhimu ni kuwasaidia wachangie vizuri, kwa kuwa kweli tunahitaji Wikipedia yetu itumike zaidi huko kwao. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:43, 6 Januari 2025 (UTC) ::::Oh, basi sawa. Nimekuelewa. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 06:57, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) == [[:Faili:Mlango wa Kiswahili Makumbusho ya Taifa Dar.jpeg]] == Hello! Can you check if the information on this file page is correct? Perhaps the file should be added to an article? '''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 18:13, 7 Januari 2025 (UTC) :The information is correct, though the photo is by the late Kipala. He uploaded it while teaching me how to upload photos. Now I have used it in the page "[[mlango]]". Thanks and peace to you. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:40, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :: Hello. Thank you. So Kipala is the photographer? If so then it should say "Kipala" instead of your name. --'''[[Mtumiaji:MGA73|MGA73]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MGA73|majadiliano]])''' 11:24, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) :::Let you change, if you like. Thanks. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:01, 8 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Misunderstandings == Main Space is not Template Space. It does NOT work with {{}} transclusion. [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] should be named [[Kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is adminprotected unlinked redirect and this is useless REDIRECT to be sacrificed by deleting first. Please fix your namespace error by redirect deleting and by page moving. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 12:46, 20 Januari 2025 (UTC) You are CONSTANTLY tricked by redirects, instead of doing REQUESTED lowering protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+kigiriki+kamili you did ON YOUR OWN, for ALREADY perfect template state, heightened protection at: *https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kumbukumbu&page=Kigezo%3AAlfabeti+ya+Kigiriki+kamili NOTE lowercase "kigiriki" VS uppercase "Kigiriki". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) My new template exists already crosswiki in 25 languages at least. Thank you for unprotection. At least I finally COPYPASTED content from [[Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] to REDIRECT (lowercase kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya kigiriki kamili]] which is '''NOT''' (uppercase Kigiriki) [[kigezo:Alfabeti ya Kigiriki kamili]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 11:39, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} see [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] - more than ONE superfluous move-leftovers for greek-related template page+talk is to be erased. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 13:12, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == [[§]] == Just removed old misinformation: [[Disigma]] is SECTION, not letter, see what GREEKS themselves say: http://lexilogia.gr/threads/pilcrow-σύμβολο-της-παραγράφου-παραγραφόσημο.2426/#post-22012 "section, § = ενότητα, τμήμα, εδάφιο (§, δίσιγμα)". '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:29, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) See [[w:el:wikt:δίσιγμα]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 16:57, 21 Januari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Country and Behavior == Not to be rude or something which country are you from? Its just a surprise to see a White man with fluent Swahili '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 20:01, 23 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ana miaka arobaini nchini Tanzania. What do you expect? [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 10:21, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Riccardo Riccioni = [[Italia]]no. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] I didn't ask your opinion whether he is Tanzanian or not. You are so rude to be bureaucrat. I asked him. You think you are like a god and its so embarrassing that you are on your 40's with that attitude, such a bore '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 14:49, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle, please be avoiding all personal attacks, they are totally disturbing. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 17:56, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :This guy Muddyb told me to go to a "test Wikipedia" if i wanted to play just because i asked him to delete my page, that was rude especially from a bureaucrat. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:46, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :I don't understand why he's attacking so much. Normal conversations, he turns them into hostility or conflict. There's a problem somewhere. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:34, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) Gayle157, you mistake being shy for being rude. Calm down, please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|Resnick-mike]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Resnick-mike|majadiliano]])''' 18:10, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Shy? And why would i be shy? '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:36, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Those aren't personal attacks, he came at me and I cant just let him slide with it, and i am not talking about this reply, he is at my nerve. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157 🇰🇪]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 18:42, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) "Shyness" vs "Rudeness" was meant not about Gayle157, but about Gayle157's assessment of owner of this talk page. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|Kalunde Salome]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kalunde Salome|majadiliano]])''' 18:52, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa nini kupenda ugomvi? Tena kwa kitu kidogo namna hiyo? Mimi ni mzaliwa wa Italia, lakini kwa sasa ni raia wa Tanzania tu, ninapoishi kwa zaidi ya miaka 40. Basi, nawatakia amani, lakini matashi hayo yasiwe chanzo cha mabishano mengine, tafadhali. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:28, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) :Ni vijana mzee wangu. Sisi tuliokula chumvi nyingi tunatambua tone zao. Hizo tone ni za kitoto mno. Hata hivyo, sipaswi kuleta wimbi la ugomvi katika ukurasa wako. Ninaenda sasa. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:36, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Stub and Mbegu == You said Stub is Mbegu in Swahili. If there's no template for Mbegu that should appear at top, then I am going to use Stub. '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 08:24, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) @[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], we have stub-templates, ex. gr. mbegu-mwanasiasa, mbegu-mtu etc. and we use it at the bottom of the page. Almost all pages in Swahili Wikipedia have it. This is why you don't need to insert yours at the top. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:42, 19 Januari 2025 (UTC) I actually found instead of stub i can use *mbegu* at top instead of using **mbegu-** at the bottom, It doesn't impress me, hope you are okay with that '''[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]])''' 15:07, 25 Januari 2025 (UTC) == Thank you for being a medical contributors! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' |- | style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs. Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating]. |} Thanks again :-) -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:23, 26 Januari 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&oldid=28172893 --> == Ufutaji wa makala == kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[MGC]]" imefutwa na RICCARDO RICCIONI? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15063|&#126;2025-15063]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15063|talk]]) 05:10, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) :Kwa sababu ni kujitangaza, kinyume na sera ya Wikipedia. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:39, 1 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Violation of Wikipedia policy == The user @[[Mtumiaji:PAULO OBEDI|PAULO OBEDI]] is repeatedly adding requests for financial assistance to articles. This violates the Wikipedia policy on personal financial solicitation and spam. Could an you look into this!, This could be a potential spam [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^Chronist</i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 06:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Futa == <nowiki><span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span></nowiki> || <span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">}}</span>futa<span style="display:inline-block;transform:rotate(200grad)">{{</span> ≠ [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|Batundi Luanda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Batundi Luanda|majadiliano]])''' 16:49, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) SUCCESS! UNWANTED pages ceased to show in [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-15564|&#126;2025-15564]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-15564|talk]]) 17:02, 2 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Spam and Sockpuppet == Would you Look at this Account, He created another account and keep requesting for money after you blocked him @[[Mtumiaji:PAULI OBEDO|PAULI OBEDO]] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^Chronist</i>'''</div>]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Gayle157|majadiliano]]) 10:24, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == COPY PASTE page moves == It is wrong, it does NOT preserve edit history with list of contributors required by GPL, please FIRST delete [[mabadiliko ya tabianchi]] and then move [[Mabadiliko ya Tabianchi]] onto it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Norbilian|Norbilian]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Norbilian|majadiliano]])''' 12:49, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} == Fantasies == Not only you, but others, PLEASE tell this GAYLE that it is OK this condemnation of NON-REPRODUCTIVE toying with bodies CONTRARY to INBUILT reproductive organ functions, basically UN-natural, so ANTI-functonal. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-23540|&#126;2025-23540]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-23540|talk]]) 09:48, 19 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Baba Bora == {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} Kwa nini makala niliyochangia ya "[[Jinsi ya Kujitayarisha kuwa Baba Bora]]" imefutwa na Riccardo Riccioni? '''[[Mtumiaji:Byera08|Byera08]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Byera08|majadiliano]])''' 05:46, 11 Februari 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Byera08}} Nilipaswa kuhamisha mada kwenda "Baba". Hata hivyo, mchango wako haukai kiensaiklopedia kwa sababu ni mashauri tu. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 20 Februari 2025 (UTC) == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> ==Communication by the U4C== I'm writing to inform you that in the U4C case [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] the 2 week "investigation phase" is now open. This phase will last around two weeks, during this phase parties and also other editors can still submit further evidence. We warmly suggest to take this opportunity, each statement can serve to clarify the position of each of the parties involved. Many thanks. On behalf of the U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) (Translation by Google translate) Ninakuandikia kukujulisha kwamba katika kesi ya U4C [[:m:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Cases/Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia|Sysop abuse in Swahili Wikipedia]] ya wiki 2 sasa "awamu ya uchunguzi" imefunguliwa. Awamu hii itachukua takriban wiki mbili, wakati wa vyama vya awamu hii na pia wahariri wengine bado wanaweza kuwasilisha ushahidi zaidi. Tunashauri kwa moyo mkunjufu kuchukua fursa hii, kila taarifa inaweza kutumika kufafanua msimamo wa kila mmoja wa wahusika wanaohusika. Asante sana. Kwa niaba ya U4C --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 20:58, 3 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Apology == Sorry for AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION, please unblock primary account, you made me even REPLYING impossible from my primary account! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|Jiah Harrison]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jiah Harrison|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 13 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Broken Redirects == Please delete all pages edited by: [[special:contribs/~2025-33472]] which are nothing but red-link broken redirects, see: [[special:contribs/DreamRimmer]] - he failed to tag them all to deletion. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-35189|&#126;2025-35189]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-35189|talk]]) 16:58, 19 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore in Tanzania 2025 == Ndugu Riccardo, nimetafuta nimempata mchawi wetu wa makala hizo. Ni @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] kama nilivyosema hapo awali. Nimeipata Dashibodi->> https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/courses/Wikimedia_Community_Kilimanjaro/Feminism_and_Folklore_in_Tanzania_2025?enroll=dpgcmlqt kadhalika chanzo cha challenge hii; https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Feminism_and_Folklore_2025/Project_Page#Local_Activities/events Kwako Nd. @[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]], unaombwa uwajibike kwa matendo yako. Kumekuwa na rundo la makala zisizofaa kwa kutumia challenge hii. Je, ukiwa peke yako utaweza kuboresha matini ya makala elfu mbili? Ama ndiyo bora liende? Tujisahihishe. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 11:53, 23 Machi 2025 (UTC) == Urbanization== What's Urbanization in swahili? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:49, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) Ukuaji wa miji. Sijui kama kuna neno lingine. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 21 Aprili 2025 (UTC) == Tanbihi == I think the book sources are the one that should use the word tanbihi, Then Other sources to use '''Marejeo'''. Since ''Tanbihi'' is NB/Footnotes [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:08, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, mimi nilifundishwa zamani na Muddy kuandika tanbihi. KKK inasema tanbihi ni maelezo yanayotolewa sehemu ya mwisho au chini ya ukurasa au sura... Labda umshirikishe Muddy. Ila kumbuka mabadiliko hayo yanadai kuhariri upya kurasa karibu 100,000! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:11, 1 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} naona unabadilisha "tanbihi" kuwa "marejeo". Lakini baadaye unaacha "marejeo" tena kwa maana nyingine. Vipi? Pia umeanza tena kuhamisha kurasa bila mawasiliano yoyote. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:45, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::About Tanbihi i was checking if my Bot can do the task, You can clearly see they aren't manual! :::About Moving page which page did i move wrong? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:02, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I will fix the Bot code later so that it corrects that. If i moved any page wrongly or you are in doubt let me know, Aisee, I gave a notable Summary. ::::If its about Changing Redirects into articles let me know too, I can explain! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nafurahi kwamba umeweza kuandaa Bot yako. Itaweza kutusaidia sana na haraka. Ila unajua kwamba ukienda kasi nje ya njia, unaweza ukapotea kuliko mtu anayekwenda polepole... Hivyo ni kupanga mambo vizuri kabla ya kutumia Bot. Kama lilikuwa jaribio, ni sawa. Kuhusu kuhamisha kurasa, hivi karibuni sijaona makosa kwako, ila mimi nilijizuia kufanya mabadiliko ya namna hiyo kabla sijakubaliana na wahariri wengine. Kwa mfano, ni kweli Iraki ni sahihi kuliko Iraq, nami nilitaka kuhamisha ukurasa huo, lakini suala la majina ya nchi ni kubwa na limeshasababisha magomvi! Ndiyo maana nilipendekeza zaidi ya mara moja tujadiliane sote pamoja, k.mf. Uhindi / India, Uchina / China. Mpaka leo sijafanikiwa kufanya tufikie uamuzi. Hiyo inasumbua hata katika jamii, unapokuta kwa nchi ileile jamii zinazotumia Uhindi na nyingine India. Hata kwa hilo natumaini Bot yako itasaidia kufanya kazi kubwa na kuokoa muda wetu mwingi. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:58, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::Asante, Ee hiyo boti ilikuwa ya jaribio tu! ::::::Yes, We need a discussion about the Country names ,The Sources of this names, The best name among listed. Like a Project; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:08, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::The bot can now function, see [[Maalum:Michango/Gayle-Bot]] :::::::If you happen to know any task that requires automated / bot Operation feel free to inform me, :::::::About the country names discussion , So what's your plan about it? Launch a project or? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:16, 3 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Suala la majina ya nchi tulipendekeze kwa Muddyb na wengineo kabla ya kuendelea na mabadiliko. Hata hivyo baadhi hayana ubishi, k.mf. Poland > Polandi au Israel > Israeli. Naomba uanze na nchi hizo. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:29, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Sijaelewa; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:06, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Yaani naomba kama Bot inaweza kubadilisha katika makala na jamii zote majina ya Poland na Israel kuwa Polandi na Israeli. '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:22, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ooh sawa nimeelewa sasa, I'm working on it! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:25, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|+]] {{imefanyika}}, Its done though there are a few Redirects to Israel that haven't been fixed, Also this pages blow require manual deletion by an admin,Which are Old Versions of the new pages. Also there were some minor errors on Flags , Emblem and maps which i can fix manually. {{quote| [[:Jamii:Israel]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Israel]] [[:Jamii:Jiografia ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Mito ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Milima ya Israel]] [[:Jamii:Wanafizikia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wanakemia wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Marais wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Miji ya Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watu wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Lugha za Poland]] [[:Jamii:Waandishi wa Poland]] [[:Jamii:Watunzi wa Poland]]}} [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:55, 4 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Refining == Its Incredible how you refine content, I will be adding content and leave it for you to refine. I just love adding content [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:48, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Asante kwa pongezi zako. Lakini lengo langu mojawapo ni kuonyesha mfano ili wengine wajifunze. Msiniachie kazi nyingi mno! Hata mimi nina mipango ya kuongeza mada. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:21, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::Ni sawa!, We will do our best [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:46, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::I’m still learning, and I regret how I came across during my first month on Swahili Wikipedia. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 12:56, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::Don't worry, you are very young. You have time. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:58, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::{{ping|Gayle157}} Hi, many times you don't add content, but you change it, following the English edition. May be it's easier to you, but it's not very respectful to those who used their time to write before you. Sometimes I have to refine new sentences which were refined in their earlier form. Thank you for your attention. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:52, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::First of all i don't use the English wiki edition, ::::::Also most articles have to be updated now and they and don't necessarily need to be in their original form because in most cases they are outdated. ::::::Me changing the article course doesn't make the original author loose his/her credit, ::::::In en wiki articles are modified now and then! ::::::Especially content on lead section , Isn't that what wiki is for? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:59, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Thank you for your answer. Yes, Wiki is for ongoing work. What I meant is somehow as what Jesus said: "Not to delete, but to fulfill"! Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::I didn't get that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:12, 17 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nakukumbusha kwamba unapotaka kuongeza taarifa unapaswa kuwa makini usije ukaacha nyingine muhimu zilizokuwepo. Kwa mfano, kuhusu Tundu Lissu uliondoa ile ya kwamba ndiye mwenyekiti wa Chadema. Kuhusu mkoa wa Arusha umeondoa ile ya kwamba unapakana na ile ya Mara na Shinyanga, kumbe umeongeza ule wa Tanga ambao sasa uko mbali. Kuhusu mkoa wa Morogoro umeondoa mikoa ya jirani ya Ruvuma na Lindi. Asante kwa kujali. Aamani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:24, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::::::Oops I'm sorry i guess i checked the Tanzanian map incorrectly, The existing text didn't mention the neighboring regions in a more nuanced way i had to confirm in the map ::::::::::But still those articles need to be modified on lead section, You can confirm that using Mobile view and remember 90% of this Wikipedia views are from mobile ,. ::::::::::The Original state of most articles in this Wikipedia are too unappealing [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:31, 25 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::::::Since the Articles of Regions of Tanzania have More or close to 500 views per month, And since you are the main Editor and also You are Tanzania please help Improve the Quality of the Lead Section of those articles, They sound too Informal or Low Quality especially on Mobile Devices, Maybe you can make them more '''INFORMATIVE''' . [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 16:15, 26 Mei 2025 (UTC) Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, ni sawa, ila nitafanya baadaye kidogo. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:00, 2 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, nimemaliza kazi uliyoniagiza. Sasa nakuomba ufanye vilevile kwa kaunti za Kenya. Asante na amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:08, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) ::Asante sana , Nitafanya hivyo! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:27, 1 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Peter Born lȣ == {{ping|Riccardo_Riccioni}} PLEASE UNBLOCK ME - I EDITED in good faith! I did nothing wrong, some META denounced me falsely! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-55756|&#126;2025-55756]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-55756|talk]]) 13:02, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :It was NOT intended as vandalism, BAN-ana to account is OVER-reaction! '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:20, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::There's a Unblock tag! Use it in your talk page <nowiki>{{Unblock|1=}}</nowiki>[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:25, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Block Settings == @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Would you please ease the block Settings of Peter Born lȣ to at least 1 day, Maybe as a warning! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:29, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]], unavyoona huyo hahitaji unblock kwa sababu ameshaanzisha akaunti nyingine ambayo anaitumia sasa kusumbua tena Kisii na Kirinyaga... --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:41, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :R.R. you are CATHOLIC, you should be example of MERCY. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56159|&#126;2025-56159]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56159|talk]]) 13:47, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::See [[Talk:GNU Free Documentation License]]. I always tried to have edit histories compliant to their contiguous state. When Gayle creates new content, old content always must be shoved away.'''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::Mimi nimekabidhiwa usimamizi wa toleo hili si kama Mkatoliki, bali kama mtu anayetaka liendelee vizuri. Mnatupotezea muda mwingi. Tukiwaacha muendelee mtaharibu kila kitu. Amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:59, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] Contiguous state lol; I stopped blanking Talk pages long ago!, That's not an excuse!. ::::Why don't you stick to one account, Stop using IPs "often" especially when doing a vandalism act, It will better, [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:07, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::I meant continuity in regard to [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157/ukurasa wa majaribio]]. Vandal TEMP ACCOUNTS are "simu" "rununu" tagged, mine are WITHOUT "simu" "rununu". '''[[Mtumiaji:New Boy999|New Boy999]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:New Boy999|majadiliano]])''' 14:13, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::::In this context, most IP vandals in recent past don't have mobile tag, ::::::The only thing i can suggest is the reducing the Infinite block expiry settings , [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:17, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::::Rununu-Simu vandals exposed. I edited from THIS temp account all pages recently corrected by me after Rununu-Simu vandals. See their edit histories. Rununu-Simu troublemakers are really recent. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-56650|&#126;2025-56650]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-56650|talk]]) 14:44, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Ya/Za == [[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|°]]Why 'ya' we are talking about Politic-'''S''' , Most news outlets say "siasa za" [https://www.bbc.com/swahili/habari-57675769][https://kiswahili.tuko.co.ke/tags/siasa-za-kenya/][https://www.voaswahili.com/a/china-yapinga-vikali-udanganyifu-wa-siasa-za-umoja-za-marekani-japan-na-ufilipino-/7567680.html][https://swahili.cgtn.com/2025/04/16/ARTI1744765639929458] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:53, 15 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Temporary Accounts and abuse on your project form a LTA ([[Special:CentralAuth/Wikibaijer|Wikibaijer]], [[Special:CentralAuth/AfricaAntifa|AfricaAntifa]], ... and many Tempory Accounts == Hi, I wanted to ask how you manage with the temporary accounts because I noticed that a Crosswiki LTA is very active here and sometimes has temporary accounts that change every minute. Are you already familiar with this? Can you cope with it? PS: This LTA also uses many proxys that should be blocked.--'''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 20:05, 28 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Dear {{ping|WikiBayer}}, no, I cannot cope with it. After the new policy about temporary accounts' privacy I no more understand what is going on. But sometimes they use registered accounts too. I have no more time to follow all their changes and reasons. I fear to block good contributors as vandals, because vandals denounce their changes. Moreover I receive many insults and threats by them and other people who want to do anything they want. It's discouraging. I appreciate very much your help. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:43, 29 Mei 2025 (UTC) == Citation Templates == In new Articles when citing please use the citation templates in Swahili, Example * Cite journal = Rejea jarida * Cite Web = Rejea tovuti * Cite News = Rejea habari Though other articles are on the process of being fixed by Bot. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:28, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]]Now the thing is when we translate the page from ENWIKI, we do not take any measure to Swahilize those small terminologies since the nature it's leading its path, ie, we got we what we need and they don't bother where it's journal or web. Question, what if it's not translatted, anything wrong may happen? And FYI, Journal it's not JARIDA is SHAJARA in Swahili! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 16:23, 5 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::No, Shajara is more of a diary, Meanwhile a journal which is defined as ''either a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or profession or a written record.'' and only Jarida is close to that definition [https://sw.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/jarida] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:10, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]] Based on deep research i did is that most of the articles arr saying Jarida is Journal, But a few gave alternatives using Shajara [https://sw.eferrit.com/journal/] , And even though not notable google translate uses Jarida too [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:22, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::I think i have got the difference * 1. Jarida – used when referring to a magazine, newsletter, or periodical publication. * 2. Shajara – used when referring to a personal journal or diary. So '''''Jarida''''' takes it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 14:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Gayle157]] Do whatever you deem fits. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 15:31, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Come on , don't do that! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:56, 6 Juni 2025 (UTC) == [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] == Adminprotected article. Still fake '''JINO''' in "Charcot-Marie-Jino" error persists there instead of "Charcot-Marie-Tooth" at reference number twelve. Please correct. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:30, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) {{Imefanyika}} "Zamshi" understood his errors. Please unblock [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] to permit him edit it. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:19, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Request to unprotect source: Hello. Thank you for unblocking my user. I understand My drafts were not upto standard but please kindly unprotect the article so i can continue my work please. I am a student and this is my first time here. Thank you for all the input and changes.Ill make sure to work better. Please kindly let me edit the source for my work. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 09:31, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::Give him a chance. He wants [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] unprotected. He promises to NOT do other edits except direct article improvement directly at [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 17 Juni 2025 (UTC) :::Hello,I have tried checking the page again but the protected source is now gone.I understand it was my drafts accidentally published with many mistakes i was trying to fix but is there no chance for me to edit it again please.I am not sure how to move forward without ability to edit, kindly help in that regard please. '''[[Mtumiaji:Zamshi|Zamshi]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Zamshi|majadiliano]])''' 23:55, 18 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::"Zamshi", please tell again Riccardo Riccioni to UNPROTECT this [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]]. In case of his refusal, wait until 24 June 2024, then protection will expire. Then improve article DIRECTLY, abandon making of additional draft copies and abandon pagemoves.'''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 06:45, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) ::::Page will be unprotected after ONE hour from now. "Zamshi" REMEMBER: do NOT move/rename [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, do NOT create additional copies of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page, directly improve content of [[Ugonjwa wa Charcot-Marie-Tooth]] page where it is now. Simply abandon "DRAFT" roleplaying completely. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:54, 19 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Disparity== I don't understand why all this pages below use '''Iran''' and the article itself says '''Uajemi''', The Modern Country is Iran, The Historical Kingdom and entities is '''Persia'''. Only in Informal terms is the modern country referred to as Persia [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=Iran&title=Maalum%3ATafuta&fulltext=search] [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 06:28, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) We discussed with Muddyb and We have agreed that '''Persia''' will be for Historical entities before the Islamic revolution and '''Iran''' will be for the modern day country/political entity [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:15, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Muddyb#Disparity]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jalladda|Jalladda]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jalladda|majadiliano]])''' 07:23, 20 Juni 2025 (UTC) == 100,000 pages == Congratulations on your outstanding contribution to the Swahili Wikipedia in helping it reach the 100,000-article milestone. Your dedication has played a key role in this achievement—well done! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 15:39, 23 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Thanks to you for the congratulations which I cordially reciprocate. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Msaada wa usahihi wa lugha == Habari ndugu Riccardo, Nina tazamia kufanya utafsiri wa makala inayohusu Ubalozi wa Uingereza nchini Tanzania kutoka lugha ya kingereza kwenda kiswahili Hivyo naomba ukaribu wa kusahihisha pale ninapokosea. Ahsante Amani iwe juu yako '''[[Mtumiaji:Killy95|Killy95]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Killy95|majadiliano]])''' 03:06, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) :Hakuna wasiwasi, tuko pamoja! Amani kwako pia! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:45, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Ancient Sorcerous Empire == WikiBayer - is NOT guardian angel, it is ANNONRIAL/RAVERNAL pure evil: [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Gayle157#Elephant_in_Porcelain_Shop]] READ debunking of WikiBayer reverts. '''[[Mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Annonrial Guardian Ravernal Angel|majadiliano]])''' 08:26, 24 Juni 2025 (UTC) == njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria == Nimeona umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewa kwa urahisi teknolojia ya chanzo huria" sijajua shida ni nini na ile ni assignmentyangu me ni mwanafunzinimepewa kazi na mwalimu ambayo inabidi nii kusanye tafadhali umefuta makala yangu ya "njia ya kuelewakwa urahisiteknolojia ya chanzo huria" ile ni assignment yangu nimepewa na mwalimu tafadhali me ni mwanafunzi najifunza tafadhali [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-82940|&#126;2025-82940]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-82940|talk]]) 19:24, 28 Juni 2025 (UTC) == Uharabu wa dhahiri == Ndugu Riccardo, Kwa heshima na tahadhima, naomba umfungie mtumiaji huyu analeta ukorofi wa wazi kabisa: [[Maalum:Michango/88 konqvista 88|https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/88_konqvista_88]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|Said Mfaume]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Said Mfaume|majadiliano]])''' 08:48, 8 Julai 2025 (UTC) :Again! :"xX Black Burn Xx" did MAD RVV, in violation of this RULE: :do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Souls_of_Black_Folk&diff=1437178&oldid=1437139 :*https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Usafirishaji_haramu_wa_binadamu_nchini_Chad&diff=1437179&oldid=1437138 :He is already RVV-ed thoroughly. '''[[Mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|Keith David Williams]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Keith David Williams|majadiliano]])''' 08:11, 13 Julai 2025 (UTC) :{{imefanyika}} == [[Maalum:Michango/Maryam_Saleh_Abeid]] == Repeated breaching of [[w:en:Wikipedia:Don't cite Wikipedia on Wikipedia]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Wflgf|Wflgf]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Wflgf|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 16 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 3 days, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-30069-3|&#126;2025-30069-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-30069-3|talk]]) 14:19, 30 Julai 2025 (UTC) {{ping|Riccardo Riccioni}} ZERO reaction to BLOCK for 1 month, [[w:en:WP:CIRCULAR]] STILL disdained. [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sofie_Petersen&diff=1461181&oldid=1461155 REPEATED OFFENSE]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:26, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Lupinga Nyinga}} Ndugu, mimi nashindwa kuelewa ujumbe wako. Wengi mna Kiingereza ngumu kwangu! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:30, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Simple and plain: Maryam_Saleh_Abeid repeatedly uses WIKIPEDIA as references, she repeats this violation despite of her being blocked twice already. Its time for her permanent block. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:36, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :I think @[[Mtumiaji:Maryam Saleh Abeid|Maryam Saleh Abeid]] didn't understand your statement in english thats why, i also think she doesnt need to be blocked permanent. :I will address this concern to her in swahili, thanks '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) She even does NOT understand this prohibition included in her "karibu" template. '''[[Mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|Lupinga Nyinga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Lupinga Nyinga|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == SCANDAL == Tell him something on HIS talk to stop his mindless revert campaigns, his last edits are purely destructive: https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalum:Michango/xXBlackburnXx Same with WikiBayer. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25621-8|&#126;2025-25621-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25621-8|talk]]) 09:24, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) :The Temp Account ist a sock from the LTA. [[:m:Special:CentralAuth/Long Term Sexually Abuse]] '''[[Mtumiaji:WikiBayer|WikiBayer]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WikiBayer|majadiliano]])''' 10:20, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) What W.B. says about [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-25621-8]] is pure conjecture, self-contradicting, first says with PARTIAL DOUBT "very likely the active polished troll", later calls him some PORN MONGER , i edit from behind Great China Firewall so WTF? [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-25655-4|&#126;2025-25655-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-25655-4|talk]]) 10:31, 24 Julai 2025 (UTC) == Taiwanese Revisionists == Foreign censors falsely insist that CHINA means R.O.C. and not P.R.C. contrary to seat of P.R.C. in United Nations Security Council. They vandalize content and block honest users related to P.R.C. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-29877-5|&#126;2025-29877-5]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-29877-5|talk]]) 10:04, 31 Julai 2025 (UTC) == [[Jose Kaimlett]] HGN == Carissimo Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Quì fa molto caldo, ma andiamo avanti!!! Per favore, potresti dare un'occhiata a questa pagina che ho appena creato? Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto. Se hai bisogno per l'Italiano o il Portoghese, ci sono!!! A presto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:24, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) : Grazie mille!!! Domani celebriamo i dieci anni della dipartita di mio papà Gianpiero (4 agosto, 85 anni); prenderò il Perdono di Assisi. Un forte abbraccio. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 14:05, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Meno male che anche in Italia c'è ancora chi ci crede! Papà riposi in Cristo! Pace anche a te! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:10, 1 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Devzboi == like [[Majadiliano:Devzboi1]], other [[Majadiliano:Devzboil]] MUST be deleted for real please! First DELETE, second PROTECT! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-32681-1|&#126;2025-32681-1]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-32681-1|talk]]) 11:43, 4 Agosti 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:51, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Muddyb|Muddyb]], sijaelewa kitu kuhusu KUSANO, ila naona utendaji wa Justine una kasoro nyingi bado. Muamue wenyewe. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:56, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Kusano = interface. Ni kama mwonekano wa sura ya Wikipedia. Mfano hizi jumbe za mabadiliko ya karibuni, vungo viungavyo ukurasa huu, michango ya mtumiaji etc. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:21, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-34016-8]] == Dumbo, Pinocchio, Rescuers, etc... {{ping|Muddyb}}, could you add the Hadithi to these pages? Also, what about creating the other Disney movie pages that don't exist yet? Your OWNtalk STILL editprotected. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-34348-8|&#126;2025-34348-8]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-34348-8|talk]]) 10:13, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Sure. Will do. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 14:15, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Muddyb}} When will these pages be made/edited? The ones that need the plots are: * [[Pinocchio (filamu ya 1940)]] * [[Bambi]] * [[The Rescuers]] * [[Home on the Range (filamu ya 2004)]] * [[The Princess and the Frog]] * [[Zootopia]] * [[Moana]] * [[Encanto]] * [[Toy Story]] * [[Monsters, Inc.]] * [[The Incredibles]] * [[Up (filamu)]] * [[Turning Red]] * [[Spies in Disguise]] See [[Kigezo:Katuni za Disney]]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-47359-4|&#126;2025-47359-4]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-47359-4|talk]]) 09:09, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:~2025-47359-4|~2025-47359-4]] May you should contact me direct instead of coming here and ping me from far away. Oh, I know. I hate temp accounts. I did block my page from you though! [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 09:41, 28 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Page Translation Request == hello,sir I am requesting for translation of the article [[Nyanzi Martin Luther.]] into English please,it can either be in simple English Wikipedia or En Wikipedia,sir I kindly request. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-48323-7|&#126;2025-48323-7]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-48323-7|talk]]) 05:08, 29 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Bonaventura wa Barcelona == Caro Riccardo, Grazie mille per aver tradotto l’articolo del [[Bonaventura wa Barcelona|Beato Bonaventura]] in swahili. Sono di Riudoms, la sua città natale, dove abbiamo una grande devozione per il Beato. Sto cercando di ottenere il maggior numero possibile di traduzioni del suo articolo e oggi, dopo aver pubblicato la traduzione in ceco con l’aiuto di un’amica ceca, ho scoperto la vostra traduzione. Grazie infinite. Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jordi G|Jordi G]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jordi G|majadiliano]])''' 19:14, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala ya Shule ya Sekondari ya Ufundi Ifunda == Habari ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]], Nimeona umeweka taarifa juu ya makala tajwa kuwa ni kuhusu sehemu isiyojulikana. Bahati mbaya hizi ni shule chache zenye historia kubwa japo hazijulikani. Kuna haja ya kuziangazia kwa kina zaidi. Amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Magotech|MagoTech Tanzania]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Magotech|majadiliano]])''' 20:59, 5 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] == [[Aristide Igenukwayo Joviale]] = [[ALLI TALESI]] = [[Alli Talesi]] = Kijumla makala haina sifa yoyote ya kuwepo kwenye Wikipedia. '''[[Mtumiaji:Reliwei|Reliwei]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Reliwei|majadiliano]])''' 10:52, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]] == Please delete all that is listed in [[:Jamii:Makala_kwa_ufutaji]]. I do NOT make new pages. I mainly correct after temporary account flood. '''[[Mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|AlexBongo98]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AlexBongo98|majadiliano]])''' 12:24, 6 Septemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Greetings from Germany == Hi Riccardo, do you have a minute or two for me? There is a discussion an my talk page with a member of your local community that insists, that I should stop patrolling for vandalism here. Could you please have a look? '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:47, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you for your greetings. I noted your discussion but I haven't answered because I don't understand many technology issues. Please, excuse me and ask Muddyb. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:52, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) ::Thanks for the quick reply! I was a little nervous and worried that global CVUs wouldn't be welcome here. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 09:55, 16 Septemba 2025 (UTC) == In italiano :-) == Buongiorno Riccardo, avevamo previsto che gli argomenti inclusi nella mozione potessero diventare "un campo di battaglia" per gente da fuori e vandali vari con voglia di provocare. Con un po' di pazienza e la collaborazione degli Steward e dei GS ho fiducia che si possa trovare il modo di gestire anche questo. (Intanto mi chiedo quali orrori ho scritto sulle vostre pagine usando il traduttore automatico.) Grazie per la collaborazione e la pazienza anche per gli orrori di traduzione... Rinnovo l'invito a contattarci in caso di domande o per qualsiasi necessità legata alle linee guida che vi abbiamo chiesto di approfondire. Buona giornata! '''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 11:13, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Civvì}}Non parlavo del tuo messaggio, ma della pagina in esame. Un tale ha già provveduto a inserirvi il template da me proposto e l'ho ringraziato. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:17, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::Riccardo io invece ho proprio la certezza che ogni volta che usiamo il traduttore automatico per scrivervi ne escono dei pasticci magari difficili da decifrare. Abbiate pazienza (e se non è troppo lavoro magari sistemate le cose peggiori, ne saremmo davvero grati!). --'''[[Mtumiaji:Civvì|Civvì]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Civvì|majadiliano]])''' 14:56, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Napendekeza mradi wa lugha ya kiswahili == Habari, nimesoma baadhi ya makala, lakini kwa maoni yangu, kama kungekuwa na mradi wa lugha ya Kiswahili, ingefaa zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Moyojnr}} Sijaelewa. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:02, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) ::In my opinion, if there was a Swahili language project, it would be more useful. '''[[Mtumiaji:Moyojnr|Moyojnr]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Moyojnr|majadiliano]])''' 14:26, 7 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == [[Carlo Acutis]] == Caro Riccardo, Pace!!! Come stai? Io bene. Ho aggiunto una foto della reliquia di san Carlo Acutis. Ti chiedo la gentilezza di tradurre la didascalia, che ho lasciato in Italiano. Grazie mille per il favore, a presto. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 07:36, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) : {{ping|Rei Momo}}Fatto! Prega san Carlo anche per la Tanzania in subbuglio... Pace a tutti! :: Certamente!!! Ho due rosari che mia nipote mi ha portato dalla Tanzania, quando è venuta a fare del volontariato medico dentistico. Clieli hanno dati le suore, ma non ricordo più di quale missione. :: Grazie di tutto '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 10:53, 17 Novemba 2025 (UTC) == Update request == Hello, Riccardo Riccioni. Can you remame [[Kigezo:Quebecor Inc.]] to [[Kigezo:Québecor]]? The spelling of Quebecor was officially changed to Québecor in May 2012, with the French accented version the sole name of the conglomerate since then. Sources: https://financialpost.com/news/quebec-puts-accent-on-linguistic-correctness https://www.ledevoir.com/economie/349655/les-actionnaires-de-quebecor-votent-pour-l-ajout-d-un-accent Yours sincerely, '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 21:53, 10 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you very much. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kurcke|majadiliano]])''' 20:36, 11 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == [[w:de:Benutzer:Knergy/Tansania-Troll]] == Same as [[Maalum:Michango/JasonCarter2004]], now: *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-37592-11]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41344-29]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41170-85]] *[[Maalum:Michango/~2025-41607-52]] HOAX articles again. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kokobambo|Kokobambo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kokobambo|majadiliano]])''' 10:13, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Makala za tafsiri ya kompyuta == Ninafikiria kuanzia Jumanne wiki ijayo ama siku 2 za Krismasi nipambane zaidi kuhakikisha ninaboresha hata ziwe mbegu makala zote zilizopo katika jamii ya makala zenye mashaka ili kuondoa ile tagi ya makala ya kompyuta. Ni bora nizifanye kuwa mbegu kuliko kuwa na matini mengi yasiyoakisi maana. Unaonaje hapo mzee wangu? @Muddyb [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41593-39|&#126;2025-41593-39]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41593-39|talk]]) 13:11, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :Sawa kabisa! Tupo pamoja! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:15, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] Ahsante sana mzee wangu. Maana nimeona kufuata makala 1000+ tutaharibu ile milistoni inayoweka kule katika mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni. Tungepoteza ile trendi yake. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41584-46|&#126;2025-41584-46]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41584-46|talk]]) 22:17, 18 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Answer == Hello, this has to be a misconception. Yesterday I've reverted quite a lot of edits made by LTA Wikinger, who has been haunting me across wikis for some time. I am an editor from pl.wiki with almost 28000 edits, here you can find some more about me: [[:pl:User:Karol739]]. I'll also left the link to the page about Wikinger and his "work": [[:en:Wikipedia:LTA/Wikinger]]. The user is globally locked by WMF, therefore he doesn't have rights to edit on any wiki, so I've reverted everything he did. I don't know Suahili (at all), so if I broke something while doing it, I'm sorry, I can tidy up the mess I've created by mistake, if that's gonna be helpful for your community. Thanks a lot and best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:09, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) You even do not know where this vandal is, your reverts were mistargeted and misapplied, he whom you search looks [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamii%3ALugha_za_Kenya&diff=1475849&oldid=1475848 like this], even today. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-41724-17|&#126;2025-41724-17]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-41724-17|talk]]) 16:20, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Making reports about himself is also the thing which he does often in pl.wiki, so here we go ;) If you want to know more about his behaviour, you can reach me out in [[:pl:Wikipedia:Discord]] and [[Maalum:BaruapepeyaMtumiaji/Karol739]]. Again, if I broke something, that must've been done by accident and I'm sorry again. Best regards, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:33, 19 Desemba 2025 (UTC) Hi, could you please protect my user talk page for some time? The LTA that we've been talking before has been haunting me for some time on sw.wiki. Thanks in advance, '''[[Mtumiaji:Karol739|Karol739]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Karol739|majadiliano]])''' 16:07, 29 Desemba 2025 (UTC) == Vandal == AbuseLogs shows normal edits, but for vandals is silent: https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maalum:AbuseLog [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-43584-58]] = LitTerA, block immediately! '''[[Mtumiaji:Jojaruba|Jojaruba]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jojaruba|majadiliano]])''' 08:53, 30 Desemba 2025 (UTC) {{imefanyika}} == Thou never will stop me == [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Kikoyo]] [[Maalum:Michango/Carlin_Oscar_Kikoyo]] '''[[Mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|Kikoyo Kikoyo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kikoyo Kikoyo|majadiliano]])''' 10:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Oscar Kikoyo}}, badala ya kunishukuru kwa kuanzisha ukurasa [[Oscar Kikoyo]], je unataka kutunisha misuli dhidi yangu? Mimi natimiza wajibu wangu tu. Sheria ni kwamba kila mtu anaruhusiwa kuwa na akaunti moja tu, na sheria ni msumeno. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:31, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please recognize, that the person behind that account is just the same person, which spammed nearly your whole talk-page. Please check your recent changes here for every new account and their language. I can assist you here, but you have the ability to identify a machine-translated text by the LTA which abuses your project as his playground. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:10, 12 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] please check RC. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 10:12, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] I don't understand. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:02, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::RC = Recent changes = [[Maalum:MabadalikoyaKaribuni]]. You LTA was vandalizing (including your talk page) with 3 Accounts which needed a block. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) :::::@[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] you may clean up [[:Jamii:Makala kwa ufutaji]] after your guest was locked with his accounts. '''[[Mtumiaji:NDG|NDG]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:NDG|majadiliano]])''' 13:55, 15 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Buona Qvaresima == Carissimo pe Riccardo, pace e bene!!! Io mi sto preparando alla Pasqua, penso di servire la messa dai miei Barnabiti a Lodi, alla chiesa di san Francesco. Presto lucrerò la santa indulgenza. Ti chiedo un piccolo favore: potresti aprire, o magari anche solamente tradurmi, la pagina che segue? Si tratta di una grande donna lodigiana che ha fatto tanto bene a Lodi e alle donne lodigiane. Grazie mille di tutto e buona Quaresima ancora!!! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 09:59, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ##################### '''Elena Cazzulani''', conosciuta con il diminutivo di '''Ena''', ([[Lodi]], [[20 Desemba]] [[1920]] - [[Vigevano]], [[23 Juni]] [[2008]]) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] wa [[Italia]]. Il suo salotto letterario è stato un punto di riferimento per tutta la cultura della città di Lodi e della Lombardia per oltre trenta anni. Ha scritto diverse biografie su donne famose della città di Lodi. La sua famiglia ha fondato il ''Collegio Cazzulani''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827175601/http://www.istitutocazzulani.gov.it/sitovecchio/collegio_cazzulani/storia.html |title=C'era una volta il Collegio |publisher=istitutocazzulani.gov.it |accessdate=10 January 2026}}</ref> L'amminstrazione comunale di Lodi le ha dedicato una Via nel 1914. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.comune.lodi.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/5907 |title=Intitolate tre nuove vie in zona Codignola |author=Comune di Lodi |date=24 December 2014 |publisher=comune.lodi.it |accessdate=10 January 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref>; <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ilcittadino.it/stories/cultura/lodi-omaggia-sue-figlie-migliori-o_11080_96/ |title=Lodi omaggia le sue figlie migliori |author=Fabio Ravera |date=15 October 2012 |publisher=ilcittadino.it |accessdate=25 February 2026 |language=Italian}}</ref> = Opere di Elena Cazzulani * 1982: ''Cristina di Belgioioso'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1983: ''Il muro sul ponte'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1984: ''Giuseppina Strepponi, biografia'', Ed. Lodigraf, Lodi * 1985: en col·laboració amb Gilberto Coletto: ''Francesco de Lemene. Poesia e teatro'', Ed. del Campus, Lodi * 1988: ''Il collegio Cazzulani'', Edizioni Lodigraf, Lodi * 1989: ''Maria Hadfield Cosway. Biografia, diari e scritti della fondatrice del collegio delle [[Institut de la Benaventurada Verge Maria|Dame Inglesi]] in Lodi'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1991: ''Il viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1992: ''Carlotta Ferrari da Lodi. Poetessa e musicista'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi * 1993: ''Ritorno al viale delle ortensie'', Ed. L'Immagine, Lodi * 1996: ''Il cielo comincia dal suolo'', Ed. L’Immagine, Lodi = Bibliografia * <Ercole Ongaro, ''Il Lodigiano nel Novecento: la cultura'', Milano, Franco Angeli, 2006 {{ISBN | 978-88-464-7142-0}} = Marejeo <references /> {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1920]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2008]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Italia]] ######################## :{{ping|Rei Momo}}. Volentieri. Naturalmente la via le è stata dedicata nel 2014, non prima della nascita! Buona Quaresima in pace! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:07, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) :Sììììììììììììì, hai ragione, sono un po' addormentato!!! Ti aiuterò in Francese e Portoghese. Grazie mille ancora. '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 11:11, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) ::Grazie mille per il tuo aiuto!!! Pace!!! '''[[Mtumiaji:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Rei Momo|majadiliano]])''' 13:19, 27 Februari 2026 (UTC) == Usahihi wa neno == Habari boss,nimeona umeweka jamii ya Che Zahara,sasa naomba kufahamu usahihi ni upi Wanaharakati wa Singapuri au Wanaharakati wa Singapore?Singapuri ni kiswahili cha Singapore,naomba unielimishe hapo '''[[Mtumiaji:Bycashtz|Bycashtz]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bycashtz|majadiliano]])''' 18:23, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Bycashtz}}, kama ulivyosema Singapuri ni Singapore kwa kufuata matamshi yake ilivyo kawaida ya Kiswahili. Lakini shida yetu katika Wikipedia hii ni kwamba tumeshindwa kukubaliana kuhusu majina ya nchi mbalimbali: tufuate tahajia ya Kiingereza iliyozoeleka au matamshi yake au jina lililotoholewa zaidi au...? Hivyo jamii zina utata: nyingine zinatumia Kodivaa, nyingine Cote d'Ivoire, nyingine Ivory Coast... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:41, 24 Machi 2026 (UTC) == NV == [[Maalum:Michango/NATHAN_VERITA$]] = [[Maalum:Michango/Nathan_Veritas]] - destruction impertinente, utilisateur interdit. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-19674-88|&#126;2026-19674-88]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-19674-88|talk]]) 11:23, 30 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Block request == Would you please block @[[User:Gravity Fa11s]] urgently. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:19, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :I have blocked him, but now he go on. I don't know how. What can I do more? Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:20, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) ::Most probably he is using a VPN , Now this will require Meta-Wiki intervention/ Small-Wiki Monitoring Team (SWMT). [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Aguahrz^{Chronist^2.0}</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 07:27, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) Already under GLOBE BAN-ana! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-20430-50|&#126;2026-20430-50]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-20430-50|talk]]) 07:51, 3 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Bot == Hey! If there's any task you have in mind that requires mass edit and would best be performed by a bot, Please feel free to inform me or if in future you encounter/have that task in mind also don't hesitate to inform me! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 10:11, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Yes, my friend {{ping|Gayle157}}! I need to add more links in all saints'pages (section: Tazama pia). It may be ease to you by substituting everywhere <nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]</nowiki>" with "<nowiki>* [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]]</nowiki>" The exceptions are only 1 or 2. I'll provide for them afterward. Thank you very much! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:43, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Thanks i'm gonna work on it, But for Clarification when substituting, Should [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] remain, Or should be completely substituted for the new categories. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:02, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Gayle157}} Yes, let you substitute it, because it is included in the larger text. Thanks again! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:04, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::One more thing! You mentioned "I need to add more links in '''all saints'pages"''' , Which pages are this? Are they in a category, Or is the bot going to do a deep search in all pages? [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:14, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Gayle157}} We need to substitute everywhere. Of course, all such pages are included in the <nowiki>[[jamii:Watakatifu Wakristo]]</nowiki> but some saints are included in more than one category, e.g. <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</nowiki> and also <nowiki>[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]]</nowiki>, <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]]</nowiki> etc. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:37, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::::Okay , Got it , I'm gonna work on it. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:06, 5 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:14, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}}, kweli suala la majina ya nchi ni muhimu na la muda mrefu. Tuliwahi kulijadili kidogokidogo bila kufikia mwafaka. Pengine tungehitaji kukutana uso kwa uso wengi wetu. Majina mengine yanayopendekezwa na kamusi hayatumiki katika uhalisia wa maisha. Kwa mfano sasa hivi nimemuuliza mfanyakazi kama aliwahi kusikia jina Gine. Jibu lake ni hapana. Nilipomuuliza kuhusu Guinea akajibu ndiyo. Pengine tumezoea zaidi majina ya Kiingereza au ya asili. Kila kesi ni ya pekee. Naomba tushirikishe tena wakabidhi wote, la sivyo tutakuwa na kazi kubwa baadaye kurekebisha makala nyingi. Asante kwa juhudi zako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:13, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) ::Yes, the central issue still remains: ::'''Who or what should determine the naming of country articles on Swahili Wikipedia?''' ''Should it be the Kamusi, common everyday usage, linguistic scholars, or reliable published sources?'' ::</br> ::Each of these approaches has its own shortcomings. In many cases, Kamusi terms appear too vague and sometimes fail to reflect the native pronunciation or linguistic character of the original names. At the same time, everyday usage has been heavily influenced by English, which has significantly affected the originality and authenticity of Kiswahili naming conventions. ::</br> ::Historically, many modern countries were either unknown to Swahili speakers or did not yet exist in their present form. Because of this, English names were often adopted to fill that linguistic gap. Later, Kamusi attempted to provide Kiswahili alternatives, but some of those adaptations also moved away from both the native pronunciation and natural Kiswahili phonetics. ::</br> ::Personally, I do not believe that either approach is entirely sufficient, especially when it comes to relying solely on common usage. Many names currently in use are borrowed directly from English without proper adaptation to Kiswahili grammar, spelling patterns, or pronunciation. As a result, they often feel linguistically inconsistent and lacking in Kiswahili originality. ::For that reason, I believe every editor should have a voice in these discussions. Decisions of this nature should not depend only on habit or repetition, but also on linguistic consistency, phonetics, reliable sourcing, and community consensus. ::So far, meaningful discussions on this issue have largely stagnated, and little progress has been made toward establishing a clear and consistent standard. ::</br> ::That is why I believe individual effort and active participation from editors are now more important than ever if we truly want to address this matter properly. ::Thanks; [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 11:56, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) :::Ndugu {{ping|Gayle157}} nimesoma alivyoandika {{ping|Muddyb}} kwamba afadhali tufuate kamusi. Hoja zako zinanivutia zaidi kuliko kufuata kamusi, pia kwa sababu kamusi zinatofautiana. Kwa mfano, [[Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili|KKK]] inapendekeza: Gine, Ginebisau na Gineikweta. Shida yetu ni kwamba wengi hawajali sana mambo ya Wikipedia kama hakuna tuzo kutoka Wikimedia... Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:35, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) == InternetArchiveBot == Hey! I noticed that some links tagged as dead by [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] are actually still working. For example, this URL in the Senegal article is still live: https://www.bouelmogdad.com/en/history/ . There seem to be several other similar cases as well, so I’d appreciate it if these links could be double-checked before removal. Thanks! [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 04:50, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Thank you, {{ping|Gayle157}}, for this information. I think the first thing to do is to inform the bot's responsible. On my side I'll leave all dead links, because deleting them is not a must. Peace to you! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:06, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Unaweza kuwa na haki ya kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Nakutumia ujumbe huu kwa kuwa ulipiga kura katika uchaguzi uliopita uliohusu [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|halmashauri ya kuratibu kanuni za mwenendo duniani (U4C)]]. Unaweza kuwa na ushtahiki wa kupiga kura katika uchaguzi wa U4C unao endelea hivi sasa na utatamatika 2 Juni 2026. Unaeza pata maarifa kuhusu wagombeaji na uchaguzi katika [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|ukurasa wa uchaguzi ulio kwenye Meta]] na pia ya fursa kupata kura yako. Ushiriki wako katika uchaguzi huu ni muhimu kwa maana una athiri uwongozi wa jamii za Wikipedia, na muda uliotumia kusoma kuhusu wagombeaji na kupiga kura unathaminiwa. -- Kwa ushirikiano na U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:35, 20 Mei 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30569740 --> == Kiswahili == Hello. I'm looking for Swahili translation of descriptions of a few items for Wikidata. Would you help? '''[[Mtumiaji:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Eurohunter|majadiliano]])''' 18:55, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) tlkkf48w0fbcd63qqwd97juogjyimaz 0 26831 1548030 1506806 2026-05-22T04:14:48Z Surajr7 89549 1548030 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Konrad Witz - The Queen of Sheba before Solomon (c. 1435).jpg|300px|right|thumb|Solomoni na [[malkia wa Saba]] (mchoro wa [[Konrad Witz]], alias Conradus Sapientis, [[1434]]-[[1435]]).]] '''Mfalme Solomoni''' kadiri ya [[Biblia]] alikuwa mfalme wa tatu na wa mwisho wa [[Israeli]] nzima, akitawala kuanzia [[970 KK]] hadi [[930 KK]] hivi. ==Maisha yake== [[File:Ingobertus 001.jpg|thumb|left|Solomoni katika [[ikulu]] yake (kadiri ya [[Ingobertus]], [[880]] hivi).]] Alikuwa mwana wa [[Daudi (Biblia)|Daudi]] na Bath-Sheba ([[Betsheba]]), aliyewahi kuwa [[mke]] wa [[Uria Mhiti]]. Daudi alimchagua kuwa mrithi wake kwa sababu alikuwa uthibitisho hai wa [[msamaha]] aliopewa na [[Mungu]] kwa [[kuzini]] na hatimaye kumuua Uria. Ufalme wake ulitazamwa na [[Wayahudi]] kuwa na ustawi usio na mfano, kutokana na [[hekima]] yake na [[amani]] iliyopatikana wakati wote wa utawala wake. Ufalme wake uliweza kustawi kuliko ule wa baba yake kutokana na msingi imara aliouweka Daudi. Lakini mwenyewe aliudhoofisha na kusababisha mara baada ya kifo chake utokee utengano kati ya makabila ya Kaskazini na yale ya Kusini. Kati ya kazi muhimu alizozifanya, mojawapo ni kujenga [[hekalu la Yerusalemu]] na kuliweka wakfu kwa sherehe kubwa ya siku saba, ambapo Mungu alionyesha kibali chake kwa kulijaza kwa sura ya wingu ([[1Fal]] 8). Polepole [[hekalu]] hilo likaja kuwa la pekee hata [[patakatifu]] pengine pote pakakatazwa chini ya mfalme [[Yosia]]. Ingawa Solomoni anasifiwa kwa [[hekima]] yake, alishindwa kukwepa [[majivuno]] na [[tamaa]], akataka kuwapendeza wake zake waliokuwa 700 (mbali na masuria 300), wengi wao [[Wapagani]], hata akawajengea mahali pa kuabudia miungu yao akamchukiza Mungu hata akamtabiria mtoto wake atanyang’anywa sehemu kubwa ya ufalme (1Fal 11:1-13) ikawa hivyo. Hata hivyo mwishoni aliweza kulaumiwa kwa kuzidisha fahari, hasa upande wa wanawake waliomvuta kwenda kinyume cha [[imani]] ya [[Mungu]] pekee. ===Sala zake=== "Nipe mimi mtumwa wako moyo wa adili niwahukumu watu wako, na kupambanua mema na mabaya; maana ni nani awezaye kuwahukumu hawa watu wako walio wengi"? (1Fal 3:9) "Ee Bwana, Mungu wa Israeli, hakuna Mungu kama wewe, mbinguni juu wala duniani chini! Ushikaye maagano na rehema kwa watumishi wako, waendao mbele zako kwa mioyo yao yote". (1Fal 8:23) ==Baada ya kifo chake== Kwa sababu hiyo, ufalme ulivunjika pande mbili mara baada ya kifo chake. Hata hivyo, Wayahudi waliendelea kumuona kama kielelezo cha hekima, wakaandika vitabu kwa kutumia jina lake au kwa kujifananisha naye. [[Yesu]] alijitangaza kuwa mkuu na mwenye hekima kuliko Solomoni. ==Marejeo== *{{cite book|first= William G. |last= Dever |authorlink= William G. Dever |title= Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? |url= https://archive.org/details/whowereearlyisra0000deve |publisher= [[Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company]] |year= 2003 |isbn= 0-8028-0975-8 }} *{{cite book|first= Israel |last= Finkelstein |authorlink= Israel Finkelstein |coauthors= [[Neil Asher Silberman]] |title= David and Solomon: In Search of the Bible's Sacred Kings and the Roots of the Western Tradition |url= https://archive.org/details/davidsolomoninse00fink |publisher= [[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]] |year= 2006 |isbn= 0-7432-4362-5 }} *{{cite book|first= Israel |last= Finkelstein |authorlink= Israel Finkelstein |coauthors= [[Neil Asher Silberman]] |title= The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision |url= https://archive.org/details/bibleunearthedar00fink |publisher= [[Simon & Schuster]] |year= 2002 |isbn= 978-0-684-86913-1 }} *{{cite book|editor= Thomas E. Levy & Thomas Higham (eds.) |title= The Bible and Radiocarbon Dating: Archaeology, Text and Science |publisher= Equinox Publishing (UK) |location= London ; [[Oakville (Watertown, Connecticut)|Oakville, CT.]] |origdate= 2005-12-30 |isbn= 978-1-84553-056-3 |oclc= 60453952 }} *{{cite book|last= Dever |first= William G. |authorlink= William G. Dever |coauthors= |editor= |others= |title= What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?: What Archaeology Can Tell Us about the Reality of Ancient Israel |url= https://archive.org/details/whatdidbiblicalw0000deve |year= 2001 |origmonth= Juni |publisher= [[Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|Eerdmans Pub.]] |location= Grand Rapids, Mich. |isbn= 978-0-8028-4794-2 |oclc= 45487499 |ref= CITEREFDever2001 }} *{{cite book|last= Kitchen |first= Kenneth A. |authorlink= Kenneth Kitchen |title= On the reliability of the Old Testament |url= https://archive.org/details/onreliabilityofo00kitc |year= 2003 |publisher= [[Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|Eerdmans]] |location= Grand Rapids, Mich. |isbn= 0-8028-4960-1 |oclc= |doi= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= CITEREFKitchen2003 }} ==Viungo vya nje== {{Commons category}} *[http://web.archive.org/web/20080115144348rn_1/www.vdu.lt/~ktv/solomon/ A collection of King Solomon links on the web] *[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=894&letter=S Jewish Encyclopedia] (1901–1905) *[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14135b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Solomon] entry by Gabriel Oussani (1913) *{{imdb title|id=0167409|title=Solomon}} Animated depiction of the life of Solomon *{{imdb title|id=0143889|title=Solomon}} Artistic movie about the rise and the reign of King Solomon *[http://www.warsofisrael.com/solommon.html Wars of King Solomon] {{Wayback|url=http://www.warsofisrael.com/solommon.html |date=20100125105342 }} The Wars of King Solomon: Summaries and Studies: www.warsofisrael.com {{Watawala wa Israeli ya Kale}} {{mbegu-mtu-Biblia}} [[Jamii:Wafalme wa Israeli]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Biblia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Kurani]] [[Jamii:Manabii katika Uislamu]] s86kdwpa4bw9k1wqalifwxv41028bna 2 28962 1548089 1471830 2026-05-22T06:42:59Z PK2 3434 add user pages for new Wikipedia editions 1548089 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" |- | [[User:PK2/ukurasa wa majaribio|This]] is where my sandbox pages in different languages are |} ;<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; font-size:85%">My user pages in different languages by language code</div> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ A |- | [[:ab:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]]<br />(code: <code>ab</code>) | [[:ace:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Acehnese language|Acehnese]]<br />(code: <code>ace</code>) | [[:ady:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Adyghe language|Adyghe]]<br />(code: <code>ady</code>) | [[:af:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Afrikaans|Afrikaans]]<br />(code: <code>af</code>) | [[:als:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Alemannic German|Alemannic German]]<br />(code: <code>als</code>) | [[:alt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Southern Altai language|Southern Altai]]<br />(code: <code>alt</code>) | [[:am:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Amharic|Amharic]]<br />(code: <code>am</code>) | [[:ami:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Amis language|Amis]]<br />(code: <code>ami</code>) | [[:an:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aragonese language|Aragonese]]<br />(code: <code>an</code>) | [[:ang:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Old English|Old English]]<br />(code: <code>ang</code>) |- | [[:ann:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Obolo language|Obolo]]<br />(code: <code>ann</code>) | [[:anp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Angika|Angika]]<br />(code: <code>anp</code>) | [[:ar:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Arabic|Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>ar</code>) | [[:arc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aramaic|Aramaic]] ([[:en:Syriac language|Syriac]])<br />(code: <code>arc</code>) | [[:ary:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Moroccan Arabic|Moroccan Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>ary</code>) | [[:arz:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Egyptian Arabic|Egyptian Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>arz</code>) | [[:as:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Assamese language|Assamese]]<br />(code: <code>as</code>) | [[:ast:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Asturleonese language|Asturleonese]] ([[:en:Asturian language|Asturian]])<br />(code: <code>ast</code>) | [[:atj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Atikamekw language|Atikamekw]]<br />(code: <code>atj</code>) | [[:av:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Avar language|Avar]]<br />(code: <code>av</code>) |- | [[:avk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kotava|Kotava]]<br />(code: <code>avk</code>) | [[:awa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Awadhi language|Awadhi]]<br />(code: <code>awa</code>) | [[:ay:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aymara language|Aymara]]<br />(code: <code>ay</code>) | [[:az:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]<br />(code: <code>az</code>) | [[:azb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language#South Azerbaijani|South Azerbaijani]]<br />(code: <code>azb</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ B |- | [[:ba:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bashkir language|Bashkir]]<br />(code: <code>ba</code>) | [[:ban:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Balinese language|Balinese]]<br />(code: <code>ban</code>) | [[:bar:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bavarian language|Bavarian]]<br />(code: <code>bar</code>) | [[:bat-smg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Samogitian language|Samogitian]]<br />(code: <code>bat-smg</code>) | [[:bbc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Toba Batak language|Toba Batak]]<br />(code: <code>bbc</code>) | [[:bcl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Central Bikol|Central Bikol]]<br />(code: <code>bcl</code>) | [[:bdr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sama–Bajaw languages|West Coast Bajau]]<br />(code: <code>bdr</code>) | [[:be:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]]<br />(code: <code>be</code>) | [[:be-tarask:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]] ([[:en:Taraškievica|Taraškievica]])<br />(code: <code>be-tarask</code>) | [[:bew:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Betawi language|Betawi]]<br />(code: <code>bew</code>) |- | [[:bg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]<br />(code: <code>bg</code>) | [[:bh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bihari languages|Bihari]] ([[:en:Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]])<br />(code: <code>bh</code>) | [[:bi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bislama|Bislama]]<br />(code: <code>bi</code>) | [[:bjn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Banjarese language|Banjarese]]<br />(code: <code>bjn</code>) | [[:blk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pa'O language|Pa'O]]<br />(code: <code>blk</code>) | [[:bm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bambara language|Bambara]]<br />(code: <code>bm</code>) | [[:bn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bengali language|Bengali]]<br />(code: <code>bn</code>) | [[:bo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Central Tibetan|Central Tibetan]] ([[:en:Lhasa Tibetan|Lhasa Tibetan]])<br />(code: <code>bo</code>) | [[:bpy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bishnupriya Manipuri|Bishnupriya Manipuri]]<br />(code: <code>bpy</code>) | [[:br:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Breton language|Breton]]<br />(code: <code>br</code>) |- | [[:bs:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bosnian language|Bosnian]]<br />(code: <code>bs</code>) | [[:btm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mandailing Batak language|Mandailing Batak]]<br />(code: <code>btm</code>) | [[:bug:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Buginese language|Buginese]]<br />(code: <code>bug</code>) | [[:bxr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Buryat language|Buryat]] (Russia Buriat)<br />(code: <code>bxr</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ C |- | [[:ca:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Catalan language|Catalan]]<br />(code: <code>ca</code>) | [[:cbk-zam:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chavacano|Chavacano]] (Zamboanga)<br />(code: <code>cbk-zam</code>) | [[:cdo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Eastern Min|Eastern Min]]<br />(code: <code>cdo</code>) | [[:ce:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chechen language|Chechen]]<br />(code: <code>ce</code>) | [[:ceb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cebuano language|Cebuano]]<br />(code: <code>ceb</code>) | [[:ch:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chamorro language|Chamorro]]<br />(code: <code>ch</code>) | [[:chr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cherokee language|Cherokee]]<br />(code: <code>chr</code>) | [[:chy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cheyenne language|Cheyenne]]<br />(code: <code>chy</code>) |- | [[:ckb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Sorani|Sorani]])<br />(code: <code>ckb</code>) | [[:co:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Corsican language|Corsican]]<br />(code: <code>co</code>) | [[:crh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]]<br />(code: <code>crh</code>) | [[:cs:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Czech language|Czech]]<br />(code: <code>cs</code>) | [[:csb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kashubian language|Kashubian]]<br />(code: <code>csb</code>) | [[:cu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Old Church Slavonic|Old Church Slavonic]]<br />(code: <code>cu</code>) | [[:cv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chuvash language|Chuvash]]<br />(code: <code>cv</code>) | [[:cy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Welsh language|Welsh]]<br />(code: <code>cy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ D |- | [[:da:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Danish language|Danish]]<br />(code: <code>da</code>) | [[:dag:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dagbani language|Dagbani]]<br />(code: <code>dag</code>) | [[:de:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:German language|German]]<br />(code: <code>de</code>) | [[:dga:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dagaare language|Dagaare]]<br />(code: <code>dga</code>) | [[:din:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dinka language|Dinka]]<br />(code: <code>din</code>) | [[:diq:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zaza language|Zaza]]<br />(code: <code>diq</code>) | [[:dsb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbian]]<br />(code: <code>dsb</code>) | [[:dtp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dusun language|Dusun]]<br />(code: <code>dtp</code>) | [[:dty:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Doteli|Doteli]]<br />(code: <code>dty</code>) | [[:dv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Maldivian language|Maldivian]]<br />(code: <code>dv</code>) | [[:dz:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dzongkha|Dzongkha]]<br />(code: <code>dz</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ E |- | [[:ee:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ewe language|Ewe]]<br />(code: <code>ee</code>) | [[:el:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Greek language|Greek]]<br />(code: <code>el</code>) | [[:eml:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Emilian–Romagnol|Emilian–Romagnol]]<br />(code: <code>eml</code>) | [[:en:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:English language|English]]<br />(code: <code>en</code>) | [[:eo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Esperanto|Esperanto]]<br />(code: <code>eo</code>) | [[:es:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Spanish language|Spanish]]<br />(code: <code>es</code>) | [[:et:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Estonian language|Estonian]]<br />(code: <code>et</code>) | [[:eu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Basque language|Basque]]<br />(code: <code>eu</code>) | [[:ext:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]<br />(code: <code>ext</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ F |- | [[:fa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Persian language|Persian]]<br />(code: <code>fa</code>) | [[:fat:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] ([[:en:Fante dialect|Fante]])<br />(code: <code>fat</code>) | [[:ff:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fula language|Fula]]<br />(code: <code>ff</code>) | [[:fi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Finnish language|Finnish]]<br />(code: <code>fi</code>) | [[:fiu-vro:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Võro language|Võro]]<br />(code: <code>fiu-vro</code>) | [[:fj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fijian language|Fijian]]<br />(code: <code>fj</code>) | [[:fo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Faroese language|Faroese]]<br />(code: <code>fo</code>) | [[:fon:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fon language|Fon]]<br />(code: <code>fon</code>) | [[:fr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:French language|French]]<br />(code: <code>fr</code>) | [[:frp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Franco-Provençal|Franco-Provençal]]<br />(code: <code>frp</code>) | [[:frr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:North Frisian language|North Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>frr</code>) | [[:fur:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Friulian language|Friulian]]<br />(code: <code>fur</code>) | [[:fy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:West Frisian language|West Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>fy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ G |- | [[:ga:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Irish language|Irish]]<br />(code: <code>ga</code>) | [[:gag:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gagauz language|Gagauz]]<br />(code: <code>gag</code>) | [[:gan:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gan Chinese|Gan Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>gan</code>) | [[:gcr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:French Guianese Creole|French Guianese Creole]]<br />(code: <code>gcr</code>) | [[:gd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Scottish Gaelic|Scottish Gaelic]]<br />(code: <code>gd</code>) | [[:gl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Galician language|Galician]]<br />(code: <code>gl</code>) | [[:glk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gilaki language|Gilaki]]<br />(code: <code>glk</code>) | [[:gn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Guarani language|Guarani]]<br />(code: <code>gn</code>) | [[:gom:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Konkani language|Konkani]] (Goan Konkani)<br />(code: <code>gom</code>) |- | [[:gor:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gorontalo language|Gorontalo]]<br />(code: <code>gor</code>) | [[:got:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gothic language|Gothic]]<br />(code: <code>got</code>) | [[:gpe:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ghanaian Pidgin English|Ghanaian Pidgin English]]<br />(code: <code>gpe</code>) | [[:gu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gujarati language|Gujarati]]<br />(code: <code>gu</code>) | [[:guc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Wayuu language|Wayuu]]<br />(code: <code>guc</code>) | [[:gur:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Farefare language|Farefare]]<br />(code: <code>gur</code>) | [[:guw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gun language|Gun]]<br />(code: <code>guw</code>) | [[:gv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Manx language|Manx]]<br />(code: <code>gv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ H |- | [[:ha:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hausa language|Hausa]]<br />(code: <code>ha</code>) | [[:hak:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hakka Chinese|Hakka Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>hak</code>) | [[:haw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]]<br />(code: <code>haw</code>) | [[:he:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hebrew language|Hebrew]]<br />(code: <code>he</code>) | [[:hi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hindi|Hindi]]<br />(code: <code>hi</code>) | [[:hif:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fiji Hindi|Fiji Hindi]]<br />(code: <code>hif</code>) | [[:hr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Croatian language|Croatian]]<br />(code: <code>hr</code>) | [[:hsb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbian]]<br />(code: <code>hsb</code>) | [[:ht:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Haitian Creole|Haitian Creole]]<br />(code: <code>ht</code>) | [[:hu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hungarian language|Hungarian]]<br />(code: <code>hu</code>) | [[:hy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Armenian language|Armenian]] ([[:en:Eastern Armenian|Eastern Armenian]])<br />(code: <code>hy</code>) | [[:hyw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Western Armenian|Western Armenian]]<br />(code: <code>hyw</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ I |- | [[:ia:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Interlingua|Interlingua]]<br />(code: <code>ia</code>) | [[:iba:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Iban language|Iban]]<br />(code: <code>iba</code>) | [[:id:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]<br />(code: <code>id</code>) | [[:ie:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Interlingue|Interlingue]]<br />(code: <code>ie</code>) | [[:ig:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Igbo language|Igbo]]<br />(code: <code>ig</code>) | [[:igl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Igala language|Igala]]<br />(code: <code>igl</code>) | [[:ik:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Iñupiaq language|Iñupiaq]]<br />(code: <code>ik</code>) | [[:ilo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ilocano language|Ilocano]]<br />(code: <code>ilo</code>) | [[:inh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ingush language|Ingush]]<br />(code: <code>inh</code>) | [[:io:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ido|Ido]]<br />(code: <code>io</code>) | [[:is:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Icelandic language|Icelandic]]<br />(code: <code>is</code>) | [[:it:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Italian language|Italian]]<br />(code: <code>it</code>) | [[:iu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Inuktitut|Inuktitut]]<br />(code: <code>iu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ J |- | [[:ja:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Japanese language|Japanese]]<br />(code: <code>ja</code>) | [[:jam:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Jamaican Patois|Jamaican Patois]]<br />(code: <code>jam</code>) | [[:jbo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lojban|Lojban]]<br />(code: <code>jbo</code>) | [[:jv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]]<br />(code: <code>jv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ K |- | [[:ka:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Georgian language|Georgian]]<br />(code: <code>ka</code>) | [[:kaa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Karakalpak language|Karakalpak]]<br />(code: <code>kaa</code>) | [[:kab:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kabyle language|Kabyle]]<br />(code: <code>kab</code>) | [[:kai:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Karai-karai|Karai-karai]]<br />(code: <code>kai</code>) | [[:kaj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Jju language|Jju]]<br />(code: <code>kaj</code>) | [[:kbd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kabardian language|Kabardian]]<br />(code: <code>kbd</code>) | [[:kbp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kabiye language|Kabiye]]<br />(code: <code>kbp</code>) | [[:kcg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tyap|Tyap]]<br />(code: <code>kcg</code>) | [[:kg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kongo language|Kongo]]<br />(code: <code>kg</code>) | [[:kge:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Komering language|Komering]]<br />(code: <code>kge</code>) | [[:ki:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kikuyu language|Kikuyu]]<br />(code: <code>ki</code>) | [[:kk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kazakh language|Kazakh]]<br />(code: <code>kk</code>) | [[:km:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Khmer language|Khmer]]<br />(code: <code>km</code>) |- | [[:kn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kannada|Kannada]]<br />(code: <code>kn</code>) | [[:knc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Central Kanuri|Central Kanuri]]<br />(code: <code>knc</code>) | [[:ko:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Korean language|Korean]]<br />(code: <code>ko</code>) | [[:koi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Komi-Permyak language|Komi-Permyak]]<br />(code: <code>koi</code>) | [[:krc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Karachay-Balkar|Karachay-Balkar]]<br />(code: <code>krc</code>) | [[:ks:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]<br />(code: <code>ks</code>) | [[:ksh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]<br />(code: <code>ksh</code>) | [[:ku:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Kurmanji|Kurmanji]])<br />(code: <code>ku</code>) | [[:kus:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kusaal language|Kusaal]]<br />(code: <code>kus</code>) | [[:kv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Komi language|Komi]]<br />(code: <code>kv</code>) | [[:kw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cornish language|Cornish]]<br />(code: <code>kw</code>) | [[:ky:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]<br />(code: <code>ky</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ L |- | [[:la:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Latin|Latin]]<br />(code: <code>la</code>) | [[:lad:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Judaeo-Spanish|Judaeo-Spanish]]<br />(code: <code>lad</code>) | [[:lb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Luxembourgish|Luxembourgish]]<br />(code: <code>lb</code>) | [[:lbe:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lak language|Lak]]<br />(code: <code>lbe</code>) | [[:lez:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lezgian language|Lezgian]]<br />(code: <code>lez</code>) | [[:lfn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lingua Franca Nova|Lingua Franca Nova]]<br />(code: <code>lfn</code>) | [[:lg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Luganda|Luganda]]<br />(code: <code>lg</code>) | [[:li:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Limburgish|Limburgish]]<br />(code: <code>li</code>) |- | [[:lij:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ligurian language|Ligurian]]<br />(code: <code>lij</code>) | [[:lld:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ladin language|Ladin]]<br />(code: <code>lld</code>) | [[:lmo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lombard language|Lombard]]<br />(code: <code>lmo</code>) | [[:ln:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lingala|Lingala]]<br />(code: <code>ln</code>) | [[:lo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lao language|Lao]]<br />(code: <code>lo</code>) | [[:lt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]<br />(code: <code>lt</code>) | [[:ltg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Latgalian language|Latgalian]]<br />(code: <code>ltg</code>) | [[:lv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Latvian language|Latvian]]<br />(code: <code>lv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ M |- | [[:mad:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Madurese language|Madurese]]<br />(code: <code>mad</code>) | [[:mai:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Maithili language|Maithili]]<br />(code: <code>mai</code>) | [[:map-bms:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]] ([[:en:Banyumasan dialect|Banyumasan]])<br />(code: <code>map-bms</code>) | [[:mdf:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Moksha language|Moksha]]<br />(code: <code>mdf</code>) | [[:mg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Malagasy language|Malagasy]]<br />(code: <code>mg</code>) | [[:mhr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Meadow Mari language|Meadow Mari]]<br />(code: <code>mhr</code>) | [[:mi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Māori language|Māori]]<br />(code: <code>mi</code>) | [[:min:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]<br />(code: <code>min</code>) | [[:mk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Macedonian language|Macedonian]]<br />(code: <code>mk</code>) | [[:ml:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Malayalam|Malayalam]]<br />(code: <code>ml</code>) | [[:mn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mongolian language|Mongolian]]<br />(code: <code>mn</code>) |- | [[:mni:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Meitei language|Meitei]]<br />(code: <code>mni</code>) | [[:mnw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mon language|Mon]]<br />(code: <code>mnw</code>) | [[:m:mos:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mooré|Mooré]]<br />(code: <code>mos</code>) | [[:mr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Marathi language|Marathi]]<br />(code: <code>mr</code>) | [[:mrj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hill Mari language|Hill Mari]]<br />(code: <code>mrj</code>) | [[:ms:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Malay language|Malay]]<br />(code: <code>ms</code>) | [[:mt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Maltese language|Maltese]]<br />(code: <code>mt</code>) | [[:mwl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mirandese language|Mirandese]]<br />(code: <code>mwl</code>) | [[:my:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Burmese language|Burmese]]<br />(code: <code>my</code>) | [[:myv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Erzya language|Erzya]]<br />(code: <code>myv</code>) | [[:mzn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mazanderani language|Mazanderani]]<br />(code: <code>mzn</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ N |- | [[:nah:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]<br />(code: <code>nah</code>) | [[:nap:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]]<br />(code: <code>nap</code>) | [[:nds:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Low German|Low German]]<br />(code: <code>nds</code>) | [[:nds-nl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dutch Low Saxon|Dutch Low Saxon]]<br />(code: <code>nds-nl</code>) | [[:ne:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nepali language|Nepali]]<br />(code: <code>ne</code>) | [[:new:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Newar language|Newar]]<br />(code: <code>new</code>) | [[:nia:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nias language|Nias]]<br />(code: <code>nia</code>) | [[:nl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dutch language|Dutch]]<br />(code: <code>nl</code>) | [[:nn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Nynorsk|Nynorsk]])<br />(code: <code>nn</code>) |- | [[:no:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Bokmål|Bokmål]])<br />(code: <code>no</code>) | [[:nov:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Novial|Novial]]<br />(code: <code>nov</code>) | [[:nqo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:N'Ko language|N'Ko]]<br />(code: <code>nqo</code>) | [[:nr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Southern Ndebele language|Southern Ndebele]]<br />(code: <code>nr</code>) | [[:nrm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Norman language|Norman]]<br />(code: <code>nrm</code>) | [[:nso:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Northern Sotho|Northern Sotho]]<br />(code: <code>nso</code>) | [[:nup:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nupe language|Nupe]]<br />(code: <code>nup</code>) | [[:nv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Navajo language|Navajo]]<br />(code: <code>nv</code>) | [[:ny:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chewa language|Chewa]]<br />(code: <code>ny</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ O |- | [[:oc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Occitan language|Occitan]]<br />(code: <code>oc</code>) | [[:olo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Livvi-Karelian language|Livvi-Karelian]]<br />(code: <code>olo</code>) | [[:om:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Oromo language|Oromo]]<br />(code: <code>om</code>) | [[:or:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Odia language|Odia]]<br />(code: <code>or</code>) | [[:os:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ossetian language|Ossetian]]<br />(code: <code>os</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ P |- | [[:pa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br />(code: <code>pa</code>) | [[:pag:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]]<br />(code: <code>pag</code>) | [[:pam:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]]<br />(code: <code>pam</code>) | [[:pap:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Papiamento|Papiamento]]<br />(code: <code>pap</code>) | [[:pcd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Picard language|Picard]]<br />(code: <code>pcd</code>) | [[:pcm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nigerian Pidgin|Nigerian Pidgin]]<br />(code: <code>pcm</code>) | [[:pdc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]<br />(code: <code>pdc</code>) | [[:pfl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Palatine German dialects|Palatine German]]<br />(code: <code>pfl</code>) | [[:pi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pali|Pali]]<br />(code: <code>pi</code>) |- | [[:pl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Polish language|Polish]]<br />(code: <code>pl</code>) | [[:pms:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]]<br />(code: <code>pms</code>) | [[:pnb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (Western Punjabi)<br />(code: <code>pnb</code>) | [[:pnt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pontic Greek|Pontic Greek]]<br />(code: <code>pnt</code>) | [[:ppl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nawat language|Nawat]]<br />(code: <code>ppl</code>) | [[:ps:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pashto|Pashto]]<br />(code: <code>ps</code>) | [[:pt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Portuguese language|Portuguese]]<br />(code: <code>pt</code>) | [[:pwn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Paiwan language|Paiwan]]<br />(code: <code>pwn</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Q |- | [[:qu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Quechuan languages|Quechua]] ([[:en:Southern Quechua|Southern Quechua]])<br />(code: <code>qu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ R |- | [[:rki:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Rakhine language|Rakhine]]<br />(code: <code>rki</code>) | [[:rm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Romansh language|Romansh]]<br />(code: <code>rm</code>) | [[:rmy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Romani language|Romani]] ([[:en:Vlax Romani language|Vlax Romani]])<br />(code: <code>rmy</code>) | [[:rn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kirundi|Kirundi]]<br />(code: <code>rn</code>) | [[:ro:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Romanian language|Romanian]]<br />(code: <code>ro</code>) | [[:roa-rup:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aromanian language|Aromanian]]<br />(code: <code>roa-rup</code>) | [[:roa-tara:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]] ([[:en:Tarantino dialect|Tarantino]])<br />(code: <code>roa-tara</code>) | [[:rsk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pannonian Rusyn|Pannonian Rusyn]]<br />(code: <code>rsk</code>) | [[:ru:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Russian language|Russian]]<br />(code: <code>ru</code>) | [[:rue:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Rusyn language|Rusyn]]<br />(code: <code>rue</code>) | [[:rw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]]<br />(code: <code>rw</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ S |- | [[:sa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]]<br />(code: <code>sa</code>) | [[:sah:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Yakut language|Yakut]]<br />(code: <code>sah</code>) | [[:sat:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Santali language|Santali]]<br />(code: <code>sat</code>) | [[:sc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sardinian language|Sardinian]]<br />(code: <code>sc</code>) | [[:scn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sicilian language|Sicilian]]<br />(code: <code>scn</code>) | [[:sco:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Scots language|Scots]]<br />(code: <code>sco</code>) | [[:sd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sindhi language|Sindhi]]<br />(code: <code>sd</code>) | [[:se:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Northern Sámi|Northern Sámi]]<br />(code: <code>se</code>) | [[:sg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sango language|Sango]]<br />(code: <code>sg</code>) | [[:sh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Serbo-Croatian|Serbo-Croatian]]<br />(code: <code>sh</code>) | [[:shi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Shilha language|Shilha]]<br />(code: <code>shi</code>) |- | [[:shn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Shan language|Shan]]<br />(code: <code>shn</code>) | [[:si:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sinhala language|Sinhala]]<br />(code: <code>si</code>) | [[:simple:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Basic English|Basic English]]<br />(code: <code>simple</code>) | [[:sk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Slovak language|Slovak]]<br />(code: <code>sk</code>) | [[:skr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Saraiki language|Saraiki]]<br />(code: <code>skr</code>) | [[:sl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Slovene language|Slovene]]<br />(code: <code>sl</code>) | [[:sm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Samoan language|Samoan]]<br />(code: <code>sm</code>) | [[:smn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Inari Sámi language|Inari Sámi]]<br />(code: <code>smn</code>) | [[:sn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Shona language|Shona]]<br />(code: <code>sn</code>) | [[:so:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Somali language|Somali]]<br />(code: <code>so</code>) | [[:sq:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Albanian language|Albanian]]<br />(code: <code>sq</code>) |- | [[:sr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Serbian language|Serbian]]<br />(code: <code>sr</code>) | [[:srn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sranan Tongo|Sranan Tongo]]<br />(code: <code>srn</code>) | [[:ss:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Swazi language|Swazi]]<br />(code: <code>ss</code>) | [[:st:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sotho language|Sotho]]<br />(code: <code>st</code>) | [[:stq:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>stq</code>) | [[:su:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sundanese language|Sundanese]]<br />(code: <code>su</code>) | [[:sv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Swedish language|Swedish]]<br />(code: <code>sv</code>) | [[:sw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Swahili language|Swahili]]<br />(code: <code>sw</code>) | [[:syl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sylheti language|Sylheti]]<br />(code: <code>syl</code>) | [[:szl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Silesian language|Silesian]]<br />(code: <code>szl</code>) | [[:szy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sakizaya language|Sakizaya]]<br />(code: <code>szy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ T |- | [[:ta:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tamil language|Tamil]]<br />(code: <code>ta</code>) | [[:tay:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Atayal language|Atayal]]<br />(code: <code>tay</code>) | [[:tcy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tulu language|Tulu]]<br />(code: <code>tcy</code>) | [[:tdd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tai Nuea language|Tai Nuea]]<br />(code: <code>tdd</code>) | [[:te:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Telugu language|Telugu]]<br />(code: <code>te</code>) | [[:tet:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tetum language|Tetum]]<br />(code: <code>tet</code>) | [[:tg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tajik language|Tajik]]<br />(code: <code>tg</code>) | [[:th:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Thai language|Thai]]<br />(code: <code>th</code>) | [[:ti:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]]<br />(code: <code>ti</code>) | [[:tig:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tigre language|Tigre]]<br />(code: <code>tig</code>) | [[:tk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Turkmen language|Turkmen]]<br />(code: <code>tk</code>) | [[:tl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tagalog language|Tagalog]]<br />(code: <code>tl</code>) | [[:tly:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Talysh language|Talysh]]<br />(code: <code>tly</code>) |- | [[:tn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tswana language|Tswana]]<br />(code: <code>tn</code>) | [[:to:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tongan language|Tongan]]<br />(code: <code>to</code>) | [[:tok:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Toki Pona|Toki Pona]]<br />(code: <code>tok</code>) | [[:tpi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tok Pisin|Tok Pisin]]<br />(code: <code>tpi</code>) | [[:tr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Turkish language|Turkish]]<br />(code: <code>tr</code>) | [[:trv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Seediq language|Seediq]]<br />(code: <code>trv</code>) | [[:ts:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tsonga language|Tsonga]]<br />(code: <code>ts</code>) | [[:tt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tatar language|Tatar]]<br />(code: <code>tt</code>) | [[:tum:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tumbuka language|Tumbuka]]<br />(code: <code>tum</code>) | [[:tw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] (Twi)<br />(code: <code>tw</code>) | [[:ty:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tahitian language|Tahitian]]<br />(code: <code>ty</code>) | [[:tyv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tuvan language|Tuvan]]<br />(code: <code>tyv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ U |- | [[:udm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Udmurt language|Udmurt]]<br />(code: <code>udm</code>) | [[:ug:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Uyghur language|Uyghur]]<br />(code: <code>ug</code>) | [[:uk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]<br />(code: <code>uk</code>) | [[:ur:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Urdu|Urdu]]<br />(code: <code>ur</code>) | [[:uz:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Uzbek language|Uzbek]]<br />(code: <code>uz</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ V |- | [[:ve:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Venda language|Venda]]<br />(code: <code>ve</code>) | [[:vec:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Venetian language|Venetian]]<br />(code: <code>vec</code>) | [[:vep:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Veps language|Veps]]<br />(code: <code>vep</code>) | [[:vi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]<br />(code: <code>vi</code>) | [[:vls:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:West Flemish|West Flemish]]<br />(code: <code>vls</code>) | [[:vo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<br />(code: <code>vo</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ W |- | [[:wa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Walloon language|Walloon]]<br />(code: <code>wa</code>) | [[:war:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Waray language|Waray]]<br />(code: <code>war</code>) | [[:wo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Wolof language|Wolof]]<br />(code: <code>wo</code>) | [[:wuu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Wu Chinese|Wu Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>wuu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ X |- | [[:xal:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Oirat language|Oirat]] ([[:en:Kalmyk Oirat|Kalmyk Oirat]])<br />(code: <code>xal</code>) | [[:xh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Xhosa language|Xhosa]]<br />(code: <code>xh</code>) | [[:xmf:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mingrelian language|Mingrelian]]<br />(code: <code>xmf</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Y |- | [[:yi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Yiddish|Yiddish]]<br />(code: <code>yi</code>) | [[:yo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Yoruba language|Yoruba]]<br />(code: <code>yo</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Z |- | [[:za:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zhuang languages|Zhuang]] ([[:en:Standard Zhuang|Standard Zhuang]])<br />(code: <code>za</code>) | [[:zea:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zeelandic|Zeelandic]]<br />(code: <code>zea</code>) | [[:zgh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Standard Moroccan Amazigh|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]]<br />(code: <code>zgh</code>) | [[:zh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chinese language|Chinese]] ([[:en:Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]])<br />(code: <code>zh</code>) | [[:zh-classical:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Classical Chinese|Classical Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>zh-classical</code>) | [[:zh-min-nan:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Southern Min|Southern Min]]<br />(code: <code>zh-min-nan</code>) | [[:zh-yue:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cantonese|Cantonese]]<br />(code: <code>zh-yue</code>) | [[:zu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zulu language|Zulu]]<br />(code: <code>zu</code>) |} ih29ml2q6v866wdnic52ackf2cvpzwf 0 35569 1547789 1527000 2026-05-21T17:38:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox single | Jina = That Summer | Cover = Garth-Brooks-That-Summer.jpg | Cover size = 200 | Border = | Caption = | Msanii = [[Garth Brooks]] | Album = [[The Chase (albamu ya Garth Brooks)|The Chase]] | A-side = | B-side = "Dixie Chicken" | Imetolewa = Aprili 1993<ref>Garth Brooks singles at LP Discography.com [http://lpdiscography.com/elpe.htm link] {{Wayback|url=http://lpdiscography.com/elpe.htm |date=20090619113140 }}</ref> | Format = [[CD single]], [[7" single]] | Imetayarishwa = | Mwenendo = [[Country music|Country]] | Urefu = 4:47 | Label = [[Liberty Records|Liberty]] 17324 | Mtunzi = [[Pat Alger]]<br />Sandy Mahl-Brooks<br />Garth Brooks | Mtayarishi = [[Allen Reynolds]] | Audio sample? = | Certification = | Last single = "[[Learning to Live Again]]"<br />(1993) | This single = "'''That Summer'''"<br />(1993) | Next single = "[[Ain't Going Down ('Til the Sun Comes Up)]]"<br />(1993) | Misc = }} "'''That Summer'''" ni wimbo uliotolewa na msanii wa miondoko ya [[Muziki wa Country|Country]] wa [[Marekani]] [[Garth Brooks]]. Wimbo huu ulianzia katika albamu yake ya nne ya studio ''[[The Chase]]'' na pia ukaangaziwa katika on ''[[The Hits (albamu ya Garth Brooks)|The Hits]]'', ''The Limited Series'' na ''[[Double Live (albamu ya Garth Brooks)|Double Live]]''. Ilifika nafasi ya kwanza katika chati za Billboard Country za 1993. Wimbo huu ulitungwa na Garth Brooks, Pat Alger na Sandy Mahl. ==Hadithi ya Wimbo== Wimbo unahusu mvulana mdogo ambaye huenda kumfanyia kazi mjane aliyetengwa ambaye alikuwa katika umbali wa maili ambayo ingefikika na kijana huyo. Usiku mmoja anamjia kijana huyo akivalia rinda ambalo hakuwa amevalia kwa muda mrefu. Pengine anarejelea rinda la ‘’kuchokoza hisia’’ na kuwa ni yeye peke yake aliyemwona kwa rinda hilo kwa muda sasa. Pia anagundua tofauti katika mtazamo wa mwanamke huyo. Wawili hao wanafanya mapenzi na wimbo unaendelea kwa kusema kuwa kila mara kijana huyo apitapo karibu na shamba la ngano anakumbuka msimu huo wa joto (summer) ambao walikuwa pamoja. Garth Brooks aliongelea kuhusu utunzi wa "That Summer" katika kipindi maalumu cha televisheni cha "The Garth Brooks Story": ''"That Summer ilianzia mwanaume kapera na mwanamke aliyeolewa wakikutana katika sherehe. Mwanamke huyo akipuuzwa kwa yule aliyekuwa naye, wanaenda na huyo kapera. Allen Reynolds anasema, “Sidhani ninapendezwa na watu aina hii.” Nilianza kufikiria pengine alikuwa na hoja. Nikienda nyumbani usiku huo katika lori nilianza kuimba, anahitaji kuhisi mngurumo (she has a need to feel the thunder). Sandy alinisaidia kuandika pambio na punde ikakamilika. Bila shaka jambo moja lakunifurahisha kuhusu That Summer ni kuwa inagusa hisia za kimapenzi.''"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.planetgarth.com/gbstory/gbstory.shtml |title=Transcription from "The Garth Brooks Story" (1996) |accessdate=2010-01-21 |archivedate=2009-04-14 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414171246/http://www.planetgarth.com/gbstory/gbstory.shtml }}</ref> ==Mpangilio wa Vibao== ===EP Single ya Netherlands=== # "That Summer" # "[[Shameless (wimbo)|Shameless]]" # "[[Friends in Low Places]]" ==Nafasi katika Chati== {|class="wikitable sortable" !align="left"|Chart (1993) !align="center"|Kilele |- |align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' Hot Country Singles & Tracks |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|Canadian ''RPM'' Country Tracks |align="center"|1 |} {{start box}} {{succession box | before = "[[Blame It On Your Heart]]"<BR>ya [[Patty Loveless]] | title = ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' Single ya kwanza | years = 3 Julai 1993 | after = "[[Money in the Bank (wimbo wa John Anderson)|Money in the Bank]]"<BR>wa [[John Anderson (mwanamuziki)|John Anderson]] }} {{s-bef | before="Hometown Honeymoon"<br />ya [[Alabama (band)|Alabama]]}} {{s-ttl | title=''[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]'' Country Tracks<BR>Singe ya Kwanza | years=10 Julai-17 Julai 1993}} {{s-aft | after=???}} {{end box}} ==Virejeleo== {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.planetgarth.com/lyrics/that_summer.php "That Summer" Lyrics] {{Wayback|url=http://www.planetgarth.com/lyrics/that_summer.php |date=20090129183446 }} {{Garth Brooks singles}} {{DEFAULTSORT:That Summer}} [[Category:Nyimbo za Garth Brooks]] [[Category:Nyimbo za 1993]] [[Category:Nyimbo zilizotungwa na Garth Brooks]] hp4qrczy5jio0416h23a7l2f0o0achu 0 35584 1547868 1527909 2026-05-21T20:07:44Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox single | Jina = Unanswered Prayers | Cover = | Cover size = | Border = | Caption = | Msanii = [[Garth Brooks]] | Album = [[No Fences]] | A-side = | B-side = "Alabama Clay" | Imetolewa = Oktoba 1990<ref>Garth Brooks singles at LP Discography.com [http://lpdiscography.com/elpe.htm link] {{Wayback|url=http://lpdiscography.com/elpe.htm |date=20090619113140 }}</ref> | Format = [[CD single]], [[7" single]] | Imerekodiwa = | Genre = [[Muziki wa Country|Country]] | muda = 3:23 | Label = [[Capitol Records|Capitol Nashville]] 44650 | Mtunzi = [[Pat Alger]]<br />Larry Bastian<br />Garth Brooks | Mtayarishi = [[Allen Reynolds]] | Audio sample? = | Certification = | Last single = "[[Friends in Low Places]]"<br />(1990) | This single = "'''Unanswered Prayers'''"<br />(1990) | Next single = "[[Two of a Kind, Workin' on a Full House]]"<br />(1991) | Misc = }} "'''Unanswered Prayers'''" ni wimbo ambao ulitolewa na kuandikwa na msanii wa [[Muziki wa Country]] wa Marekani [[Garth Brooks]] ambao ulifika #1 katika chati za country billboard za 1990. Ulianza kama debut katika albamu ya ''[[No Fences]]'' na pia unaonekana katika albamu za ''[[The Hits (albamu ya Garth Brooks)|The Hits]]'', ''[[The Limited Series (1998 box set)|The Limited Series]]'', na ''[[Double Live (Garth Brooks album)|Double Live]]''. Uliandikwa na Brooks, [[Pat Alger]] na [[Larry Bastian]]. "'''Unanswered Prayers'''" ni moja kati ya rekodi maarufu zaidi za Brook na ni moja ya vibao mashughuli vilivyosaidia albamu yake ya "No Fences" kukaa uongozini mwa chati kwa miezi mingi (zaidi ya wiki 30 katika nafasi ya 1 katika chati za Billboard Country). Katika tamasha, mashabiki huimba pamoja neno baada ya neno jinsi inavyoonekana katika "Double Live" (1998) ya Brook. ==Wimbo== * Key: D Major * Urefu: 3:23 Katika "Unanswered Prayers," mwanaume anakutana na mpenziwe wa shule katika mji wa nyumbani wakati wa mechi ya [[Soka]]. Anapojitambulisha kwake anakumbuka uhusiano wao wa awali na jinsi alivyokuwa ameomba kuwa msichana huyu angekuwa wake wa maisha. Anagundua kuwa wote wawili wamebadilika halafu anamwangalia mkewe na kugundua kuwa Mungu Alijua Alikuwa Anafanya nini wakati huu wote: : Sometimes I thank God for unanswered prayers : Remember when you're talking to the man upstairs : That just because he doesn't answer doesn't mean he don't care : Some of God's greatest gifts are unanswered prayers ( : Saa zingine ninamshukuru Mungu kwa maombi ambayo hakujibu : Kumbuka ukiongea na aliye juu : Kuwa kwa kuwa hakuyajibu maombi yako Haimaanishi hakujali : Baadhi ya zawadi kuu za Mungu ni Maombi yasiyojibiwa ) Kulingana na Garth, wimbo huu unaangazia hali ya ukweli; ''" unanswered Prayers ilikuwa hisia za moyo wangu abazo nilizimwaga kwa wimbo huu. Ni tukio la ukweli lililontendekea na Sandy. Mnamo Oktoba 1989, niliona ua langu la nyakati za shule. Ninaweza kusema sasa ingawa sikuwahi kusema: Katika miaka ya kwanza miwili ya ndoa yangu, bado nilikuwa nikifikiria kuwa msichana huyo ndiye niliyefaa kumwoa. Lakini sasa unapong’amua kuwa ulicho nacho ndicho bora zaidi ungepata, inakufanya ulale kwa amani"''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.planetgarth.com/gbstory/gbstory.shtml |title=Transcription from "The Garth Brooks Story" (1995) |accessdate=2010-01-21 |archivedate=2009-04-14 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414171246/http://www.planetgarth.com/gbstory/gbstory.shtml }}</ref>. Katika vidokezo vya mistari ya kuanzia ya albamu ya "The Hits" ya 11994, Brooks ananukuliwa akisema, “kila mara nikliimba wimbo huu hunipafunzo lile lile: Raha haihusiani na kupata ukitakacho, ni kukitaka kile ulicho nacho”. ==Nafasi katika Chati== {|class="wikitable sortable" !align="left"|Chati (1990-1991) !align="center"|Kilele |- |align="left"|U.S. ''Billboard'' Hot Country Singles & Tracks |align="center"|1 |- |align="left"|Canadian ''RPM'' Country Tracks |align="center"|1 |} ==Matoleo Mengine== [[Pat Alger]], Mtunzi msaidizi katika wimbo huu, alirekodi toleo lake la "Unanswered Prayers" mnamo 1994. Ilishirikishwa kama kibao cha kufungia katika albamu yake ya ''Seeds''. ==Viejeleo== {{Marejeo}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.planetgarth.com/lyrics/unanswered_prayers.shtml "Unanswered Prayers" Lyrics] {{Wayback|url=http://www.planetgarth.com/lyrics/unanswered_prayers.shtml |date=20100324070749 }} {{start box}} {{s-bef | rows=2 | before="[[I've Come to Expect It From You]]"<br />ya [[George Strait]]}} {{s-ttl | title=''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Hot Country Songs|Hot Country Singles & Tracks]]<br />Single ya Kwanza | years=12 Januari- 19 Januari 1991}} {{s-aft | after="[[Forever's as Far as I'll Go]]"<br />ya [[Alabama (band)|Alabama]]}} {{s-ttl | title=''[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]'' Country Tracks<br />Single ya Kwanza | years=26 Januari-2 Februari 1991}} {{s-aft | after="Rumor Has It"<br />ya [[Reba McEntire]]}} {{end box}} {{Garth Brooks singles}} [[Category:Nyimbo za Garth Brooks]] [[Category:Nyimbo za 1990]] [[Category:nyimbo zilizotungwa na Garth Brooks]] 6hd921sowysxrz2pv44tyzevqqc2tr2 0 41228 1548151 1520842 2026-05-22T09:26:38Z Said Mfaume 68307 {{databox}} 1548151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox settlement |jina_rasmi = Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini <br /> ''Nord-Kivu'' |settlement_type = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mkoa]] |native_name = |nickname = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Democratic Republic of the Congo (26 provinces) - Nord-Kivu.svg |map_caption = Mahali pa Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |coordinates_region = CD |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Wilaya za Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name1 = 5 |subdivision_type2 = [[Mji mkuu]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Goma]] |leader_title = Gouverneur |leader_name = [[Julien Paluku Kahongya]] |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 59,483 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |idadi_ya_wakazi_kwa_mwaka_wa = 2025 |population_note = |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 12,024,400 |latd=01|latm=41 |lats=|latNS=S |longd=29|longm=14 |longs=|longEW=E |elevation_m = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = http://www.provincenordkivu.org/ |footnotes = }} '''Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini''' ni mmojawapo kati ya [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|mikoa 26]] ya kujitawala ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi wake ni takriban 12,024,400 (2025). [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Goma]]. == Jiografia == [[File:Virunga National Park (31437399312).jpg|thumb|269x269px|[[Virunga National Park]]|left]] Wilaya ya Kivu Kaskazini, iliyo kando ya [[ikweta]], inajumuisha [[latitudo]] kutoka 0° 58' [[kaskazini]] hadi 2° 03' [[kusini]] na [[longitudo]] kutoka 27° 14' [[magharibi]] hadi 29° 58' [[mashariki]].<ref name=":03">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini |url=https://caid.cd/?page_id=5292 |access-date=8 November 2024 |publisher=Cellule d'Analyses des Indicateurs de Développement (CAID) |language=fr-FR |archive-date=2025-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126060801/https://caid.cd/?page_id=5292 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Makabila na lugha == Wakazi wengi wa Mkoa wa Kivu Kusini ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Washi]] na [[Wanande]] na [[lugha]] yao ya kwanza ni [[Kishi]]. [[Lugha ya taifa]] inayozungumzwa katika sehemu hiyo ya Jamhuri ya Demokrasia ya Kongo ni [[Kiswahili]], hasa [[lahaja]] ya [[Kingwana]]. ==Wilaya== Mkoa umegawanywa katika wilaya 6: # [[Wilaya ya Beni|Beni]] # [[Wilaya ya Lubero|Lubero]] # [[Wilaya ya Masisi|Masisi]] # [[Wilaya ya Rutshuru|Rutshuru]] # [[Wilaya ya Nyiragongo|Nyiragongo]] # [[Wilaya ya Walikale|Walikale]] == Picha == <gallery> Picha:Goma, Lake Kivu, DRC (Zaire - Congo), Photo by Sascha Grabow.jpg|Goma Picha:Lava flows around Goma - Julien Harneis - May 2, 2007 - 2.jpg|Mtiririko wa [[zaha]] karibu na Goma Picha:Changing land use in the Masisi - Julien Harneis - May 2 2007 - 4.jpg|Masisi </gallery> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} {{commons|Nord-Kivu}} {{Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|!]] [[Jamii:Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Kivu Kaskazini]] f6gmhbqb0xquqzrs9tltektjkvn72y5 0 41247 1548153 1430858 2026-05-22T09:27:40Z Said Mfaume 68307 {{databox}} 1548153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox settlement |jina_rasmi = Mkoa wa Ituri |settlement_type = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mkoa]] |native_name = |nickname = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Democratic Republic of the Congo (26 provinces) - Ituri.svg |map_caption = Mahali pa Mkoa wa Ituri katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |coordinates_region = CD |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Wilaya za Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name1 = 5 |subdivision_type2 = [[Mji mkuu]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Bunia]] |leader_title = Gouverneur |leader_name = [[Emmanuel Leku Apuobo]] |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 65658 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |idadi_ya_wakazi_kwa_mwaka_wa = 1998 |population_note = |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 4241236 |latd=01|latm=34 |lats=|latNS=N |longd=30|longm=15 |longs=|longEW=E |elevation_m = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Mkoa wa Ituri''' ni mmojawapo kati ya [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|mikoa 26]] ya kujitawala ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi wake ni takriban 4,241,236. [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Bunia]]. ==Wilaya== Mkoa umegawanywa katika wilaya 5: * [[Wilaya ya Aru|Aru]] (km² 6,740) * [[Wilaya ya Djugu|Djugu]] (km² 8,184) * [[Wilaya ya Irumu|Irumu]] (km² 8,730) * [[Wilaya ya Mahagi|Mahagi]] (km² 5,221) * [[Wilaya ya Mambasa|Mambasa]] (km²36,783) == Picha == <gallery> Picha:Over Bunia.jpg|[[Bunia]] Picha:Epulu River Ituri.jpg|[[Mto Epulu]] </gallery> {{commons|Ituri}} {{Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Ituri|!]] [[Jamii:Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Ituri]] gke9pj1vp6oov1tb6ygjca9gbp9lfpj 0 41255 1548152 1430900 2026-05-22T09:27:11Z Said Mfaume 68307 {{databox}} 1548152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox settlement |jina_rasmi = Mkoa wa Ikweta <br> ''Ekwatéli / Équateur'' |settlement_type = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mkoa]] |native_name = |nickname = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Equateur 2006.png |map_caption = Mahali pa Mkoa wa Équateur katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |coordinates_region = CD |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Wilaya za Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name1 = 7 |subdivision_type2 = [[Mji mkuu]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Mbandaka]] |leader_title = Gouverneur |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 103902 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |idadi_ya_wakazi_kwa_mwaka_wa = 1998 |population_note = |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 1626606 |latd=00|latm=04 |lats=|latNS=N |longd=18|longm=16 |longs=|longEW=E |elevation_m = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Mkoa wa Équateur''' (kwa [[Kiswahili]]: '''Mkoa wa [[Ikweta]]''') ni mmojawapo kati ya [[Mkoa|mikoa]] 26 ya kujitawala ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi wake ni takriban 1,626,606. [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbandaka]]. Mkoa huu ulianzishwa kutokana na ugawaji mpya wa mikoa kadiri ya katiba ya Kongo ya mwaka 2005. Kabla yake ilikuwa sehemu ya jimbo la Equateur pamoja na mikoa ya sasa ya [[Mkoa wa Ubangi Kaskazini|Ubangi-Kaskazini]], [[mkoa wa Mongala|Mongala]], [[Mkoa wa Ubangi Kusini|Ubangi-Kusini]] na [[Mkoa wa Tshuapa|Tshuapa]]. Kabla ya kuingizwa katika jimbo la Equateur, wakati wa [[rais]] [[Mobutu Sese Seko]], uliwahi kuwa mkoa wa pekee kati ya 1962-1966 kwa jina la Cuvette-Centrale. Eneo la mkoa huu liko kaskazini-magharibi mwa nchi, kando ya [[mto Kongo]]. Upande wa magharibi unapakana na nchi ya [[Kongo-Brazzaville]]. Sehemu kubwa ya [[Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Lomako Yokokala]] iko ndani ya mkoa huu. Hifadhi hii inajulikana hasa kwa sababu ndiko mahali pekee duniani wanapoishi [[nyani]] kubwa wa [[Bonobo]] wanaohesabiwa kati ya [[hominidi]]. ==Wilaya== Mkoa umegawanywa katika [[mji]] wa Mbandaka na wilaya 7: * [[Wilaya ya Bikoro|Bikoro]] * [[Wilaya ya Lukolela|Lukolela]] * [[Wilaya ya Basankusu|Basankusu]] * [[Wilaya ya Makanza|Makanza]] * [[Wilaya ya Bolomba|Bolomba]] * [[Wilaya ya Bomongo|Bomongo]] * [[Wilaya ya Ingende|Ingende]] == Picha == <gallery> Picha:Catholic church of Lukolela (DRC).JPG|[[Kanisa Katoliki]] la [[Lukolela]] </gallery> ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons|Équateur}} {{Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Équateur|!]] [[Jamii:Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Equateur]] 5a5d3vnnkhnyezspkey6thcq38fx8gr 0 41426 1548141 1513047 2026-05-22T08:55:49Z Said Mfaume 68307 1548141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Goma |picha_ya_satelite = Goma, Lake Kivu, DRC (Zaire - Congo), Photo by Sascha Grabow.jpg |maelezo_ya_picha = Kitovu cha mji wa Goma |pushpin_map = Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |pushpin_map_caption = Mahali pa mji wa Goma katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |settlement_type = Jiji |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mkoa]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini|Kivu Kaskazini]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Wilaya za Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Wilaya]] |subdivision_name2 = Goma |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 670,000<ref name="population">{{cite web |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/205453/goma/population#:~:text=The%20metro%20area%20population%20of,a%206.19%25%20increase%20from%202017.|title=Goma, Republic of Congo Metro Area Population 1950-2021|date=2021|access-date=January 10, 2021}}</ref> |latd=1 |latm=41 |lats=0 |latNS=S |longd=29 |longm=14 |longs=0 |longEW=E |website = }} '''Goma''' ni [[mji mkuu]] wa [[Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] nchini [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Uko katika [[pwani]] ya [[Kaskazini]] ya [[Ziwa Kivu]] na ni mpaka na [[mji]] wa [[Gisenyi]] katika nchi ya [[Rwanda]]. [[File:Ville de Goma vue aérienne.png | thumb | 220x124px | right]] [[File:Ville de goma 2023.jpg | thumb | 220x124px | right]] [[Idadi]] ya wakazi wake ni takriban 670,000<ref name="population">{{cite web |url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/205453/goma/population#:~:text=The%20metro%20area%20population%20of,a%206.19%25%20increase%20from%202017.|title=Goma, Republic of Congo Metro Area Population 1950-2021|date=2021|access-date=January 10, 2021}}</ref>. ==Hali ya hewa== Mji wa Goma una [[hali ya hewa]] ya [[kitropiki]] ya [[savanna]] kulingana na Mfumo wa hali ya hewa wa Köppen-Geiger. [[Majira]] ya [[mvua]] ya [[masika]] huanza mwezi Machi hadi mwezi Juni. Na viwango vya [[joto]] huwa [[ishirini na tano]] [[Celsius]] mwaka mzima. ==Historia== Goma iliathiriwa sana na [[Mauaji ya kimbari ya Rwanda]] ya [[mwaka]] wa [[1994]]. [[Watu]] wa [[kabila]] la [[Watutsi]] na [[Wahutu]] hata wapiganaji wa Kihutu walihama kwenye miji ambayo iko karibu na Ziwa Kivu. Kulikuwa na takriban [[wakimbizi]] [[laki]] [[nane]] katika mji wa Goma baada ya mauaji hayo<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.unicef.org/wcaro/07-Goma_2004_Journey_After_Darkness.pdf |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2019-03-04 |archivedate=2015-09-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912013321/http://www.unicef.org/wcaro/07-Goma_2004_Journey_After_Darkness.pdf }}</ref>. Watu wengi waliumwa na kufa kwa sababu ya kuharisha, [[kipindupindu]] na [[malaria]]. Ukosefu wa [[chakula]], [[maji]] na mahitaji ya [[maisha]] ulisababisha [[ugonjwa]] na mapambano katika makambi ya wakimbizi. [[Vita vya kwanza vya Kongo]] vilitokea mwaka wa [[1997]] kati ya [[jeshi]] la Rwanda na wapiganaji wa Kihutu katika mji wa Goma. Baadaye, [[vita vya pili vya Kongo]] vilitokea baina ya nchi nyingi za kandokando ya Kongo. Mji wa Goma uliharibiwa sana kwa sababu ya [[vita]] hivyo viwili. ==Uchumi== [[Uchumi]] wa mji wa Goma umepanda tangu [[M23]], ambayo ni kikundi cha waasi, ilipoondoka mji huo. [[Wafanyabiashara]], kama Ahraham Kazadi na Vanessa Jados, wameleta madadiliko makubwa kwa watu wa Goma<ref>http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/2/14/after-decades-of-war-goma-drc-is-open-for-business.html</ref>. [[Amani]] ni muhimu kwa [[maendeleo]] ya uchumi kila mahali. Goma ina [[Mgodi|migodi]] mingi na iko karibu na Ziwa Kivu, hivyo, bila shaka, itakuwa na maendeleo kama itakuwa na amani. ==Usafiri== [[Uwanja wa Ndege wa Kimataifa]] wa Goma hutoa [[Ndege (uanahewa)|ndege]] za ndani na, tangu mwaka [[2016]], ulianza kutoa huduma za Kimataifa. [[Barabara]] ndani ya Goma zilikuwa mbaya kwa sababu ya mlipuko wa [[volkano]] mwaka wa [[2002]]. Baadaye, njia nyingi zimejengwa upya tangu mwaka [[2011]], hasa kwa kutumia [[kandarasi|wakandarasi]] wa [[China]] na mji huu unarekebishwa aidha na wakandarasi wa [[umma]] au binafsi. == Tazama pia == *[[Bukavu]] * [[Bangui]] * [[Bunia]] * [[Ilebo]] * [[Kinshasa]] * [[Kisangani]] * [[Lubumbashi]] * [[Matadi]] * [[Mbandaka]] * [[Orodha ya miji ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== {{commonscat}} {{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Miji ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kivu Kaskazini]] b86tir8n3kp2dz28y14s98ojldq33q9 0 42144 1548155 1430956 2026-05-22T09:28:29Z Said Mfaume 68307 {{databox}} 1548155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox settlement |jina_rasmi = Mkoa wa Kasai Kati<br> |settlement_type = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mkoa]] |native_name = |nickname = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Democratic Republic of the Congo (26 provinces) - Kasaï-Central.svg |map_caption = Mahali pa Mkoa wa Kasai Kati katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |coordinates_region = CD |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mikoa]] |subdivision_name1 = 5 |subdivision_type2 = [[Mji mkuu]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Kananga]] |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 60958 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |idadi_ya_wakazi_kwa_mwaka_wa = |population_note = |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 2976806 |latd=05|latm=53 |lats=|latNS=S |longd=22|longm=27 |longs=|longEW=E |elevation_m = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Mkoa wa Kasai Kati''' ni mmojawapo kati ya [[mikoa]] 26 ya kujitawala ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi wake ni takriban 2,976,806. [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Kananga]]. ==Wilaya== Mbali ya mji huo na ule wa [[Tshimbulu]], mkoa umegawanywa katika wilaya 5: # [[Wilaya ya Demba|Demba]] # [[Wilaya ya Dibaya|Dibaya]] # [[Wilaya ya Dimbelenge|Dimbelenge]] # [[Wilaya ya Kazumba|Kazumba]] # [[Wilaya ya Luiza|Luiza]] == Picha == <gallery> Picha:Avenue a Kananga, Congo.jpg|Barabara ya [[Kananga]] </gallery> ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons|Central Kasai}} {{Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kasai Kati|!]] [[Jamii:Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Kasai Kati]] r7vs59m18tie0brlnrbtefmqzxgdv75 0 68956 1548056 912928 2026-05-22T05:46:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548056 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Alumniportal Deutschland Logo.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Nembo ya {{PAGENAME}}]] '''Alumniportal Deutschland''' (Mlango wa Alumni [[Ujerumani]]) ni ukurasa kwenye mtandao. Madhumuni yake ni kuwaunganisha [[Alumni]] wa Ujerumani. Alumni-Ujerumani ni watu wote duniani ambao walisomea, waliofanya kazi, utafiti, waliosoma lugha ama kwa kusafiri kwenda Ujerumani ama katika chuo chochote cha Ujerumani kwenye nchi za kigeni. Ukurasa huu watumika bila malipo na sio wa kibiashara. Huu ni mradi wa mashirika matano ya Ujerumani ya ushirikiano wa kimataifa. Fedha za mradi huu zinatoka katika Wizara ya ushirikiano wa Kiuchumi na Maendeleo ([[Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ]]). ==Wajibu na Madhumuni== Ukurasa huu unawezesha uhusiano kati ya Alumni wa [[kijerumani]] na Ujerumani. Alumni-Ujerumani wanaweza kuwasiliana wenyewe kwa wenyewe, kuwasiliana na mashirika ya Ujerumani pamoja na yale ya kimataifa, makampuni, vyuo vikuu, kujenga na kufafanua mitandao ya Alumni. Ukurasa huu una soko la kazi na unatoa habari kuhusu kazi za kimataifa, habari kuhusu nafasi za kuendeleza masomo, habari za matukio kote duniani, sehemu ya tahariri yenye makala ya utamaduni, jamii, elimu sayansi & utafiti na uchumi, sehemu ya lugha ya kijerumani yenye walimu wa kijerumani ambao wajitangaza pamoja na jamii. Ukurasa huu ni wazi kwa Alumni wote bila kujali kama unajilipia gharama za maisha mwenyewe ama unalipiwa na shirika fulani la Ujerumani. Mtandao huu mkubwa wa mawasiliano unawezesha mashirika ambayo yanahusika katika kujenga ushirikiano bora zaidi kwa kazi zao za Alumni. Ukurasa huu unaunganisha biashara na waajiri, watalamu ama wabia wa kibiashara. ==Historia== Kazi ya Alumni yaani kufanya kazi na wanafunzi wa zamani wa chuo fulani cha masomo ya ngazi za juu kwa kawaida yafanyika kwenye mashirika ambayo yanawafadhili Alumni. Kama asilimia 80 ya wanafunzi wa kigeni, ambao wanasomea Ujerumani, yaani watu 14,000 kwa mwaka, walijilipia karo ya masomo yao, na ni vigumu sana kupata kujua anwani zao. Hivyo ndivyo ukurasa huu wa mtandao-Ujerumani ulivyoanzishwa. Huu ni ukurasa wa kipekee ambao unaunganisha kazi ya Alumni wa Ujerumani, ustadi wao pamoja na kuwaunganisha Alumni wenyewe, kwa manufaa ya mashirika ambayo yanawafadhili Alumni, na kwa manufaa ya mashirika yote duniani ambayo yanahitaji wafanyikazi. Mpaka Julai 2011 watu wapatao 32,000 kutoka nchi 184 walikuwa wamejiandikisha kama watumiaji wa ukurasa huu. ==Muundo== Kitu chenye umuhimu zaidi kwa ukurasa huu ni [[‘online community’]]. Ili uweze kutumia ukurasa huu unahitaji kujiandikisha. Unajiandikisha bila malipo. Alumni wanaweza kuwasiliana wao kwa wao ama kuwasiliana na makampuni. Pia kuna uwezekano wa kuanzisha na kutumia Blogs. Ukurasa huu una maktaba ya habari ambayo inawapasha Alumni habari kuhusu nafasi mbalimbali za mada na inaleta hamu kwa jamii. Hizi ni nafasi kama vile soko la kazi za kimataifa na soko la mikataba ya kazi, kalenda ya matukio, nafasi za kusoma Kijerumani, nafasi za kusomea utaalamu wa nyanja mbalimbali, huduma za uhariri na mengineo kutokana na uwanja wa uchumi, utafiti, sayansi, na utamaduni. Mashirika ama makampuni yanaweza kutuma kazi ambazo wanazo kwa soko la kazi. Wanaweza pia kutafuta wafanyakazi katika benki ya data, kutoa habari kuhusu matukio ama kutafuta wataalamu wanaowahitaji. Ukurasa huu wa Alumni Ujerumani umeandikwa kwa lugha ya Kijerumani na Kiingereza. ==Wafadhili na wabia== Alumni Ujerumani ni mradi wa mashirika mablimbali na masomo mbalimbali. Ni mradi wa mashirika matano ya ushirikiano wa kimataifa. * [[Alexander von Humboldt Foundation]] (AvH; in German: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung) * [[Center for International Migration and Development]] (CIM) * [[Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit]] (GIZ) * [[German Academic Exchange Service]] (DAAD; in German: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst) * [[Goethe-Institut]] (GI) Zaidi ya wabia kumi muhimu sana wanauunga mkono ushirikiano huu kwa mfano wizara ya mambo ya kigeni, wizaza ya masomo na utafiti, mifuko tofauti ya kisiasa ya kama vile Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Konrad Adenauer Foundation na Heinrich Boell Foundation. == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.alumniportal-deutschland.org/ Tovuti rasmi] * [https://www.alumniportal-deutschland.org/en/ Tafsiri ya Kiingereza]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Jamii:Elimu]] 7l9nafcq72dt3t7kih6ijzwg2lo873i 0 80941 1547690 1547273 2026-05-21T14:34:53Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547690 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Natoli''' ni [[jina]] la [[familia]] kadhaa zenye [[asili]] tofauti leo. Watu maarufu wa [[ukoo]] huo ni: * [[Antonio Natoli]] (1552-1618), [[Utawa wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko|T.O.R.]], [[Upadri|padri]] [[mstahili heshima]] wa [[Italia]] * [[Aldo Natoli]] (1906-1971), [[mfanyabiashara]] na [[mwanasiasa]] nchini Italia * [[Amedeo Natoli]] (1888-1963), tajiri wa Italia-[[Ufaransa]] * [[Antonino Natoli]] (1857-1919), [[mfadhili]] na mfanyabiashara wa Ufaransa-Italia * [[Francesco Natoli]], [[ofisa]] wa Italia * [[Guido Natoli]] (1893-1966), [[mwanabenki]] wa Italia * [[Giacomo Natoli]] (1846-1896), mwanabenki na mwanasiasa wa Italia * [[Giuseppe Natoli]] (1815-1867), [[waziri]] wa Italia * [[Luigi Natoli (mwandishi)|Luigi Natoli]] (1857-1941), [[mwandishi]] wa Italia * [[Vincenzo Natoli]] (1690-1770), [[hakimu]] nchini Italia [[Jamii:Watu]] 9euva2j0f4gy4sxoeiy31w6f0lyow88 0 88283 1547692 1261358 2026-05-21T14:40:01Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 /* Tazama pia */ 1547692 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale''' ni watu walioishi [[kabla ya Kristo]] ambao wanaheshimiwa na [[Wakristo]] wengi, na pengine na [[Waislamu]] n.k. Baadhi yao ni: *[[Abeli]] *[[Abrahamu]] *[[Adamu]] *[[Amosi]] *[[Ana (mama wa Samweli)]] *[[Aroni]] *[[Ayubu]] *[[Nabii Baruku|Baruku]] *[[Mfalme Daudi|Daudi]] *[[Eleazari]] *[[Eleazari mfiadini]] *[[Elisha]] *[[Nabii Eliya|Elia]] *[[Eva]] *[[Nabii Ezekieli|Ezekieli]] *[[Ezra]] *[[Gideoni]] *[[Habakuki]] *[[Nabii Hagai|Hagai]] *[[Henoko]] *[[Mfalme Hezekia|Hezekia]] *[[Hosea]] *[[Isaka]] *[[Nabii Isaya|Isaya]] *[[Malaki]] *[[Melkisedek]] *[[Nabii Mika|Mika]] *[[Musa]] *[[Nabii Nahumu|Nahumu]] *[[Nabii Nathani|Nathani]] *[[Nuhu]] *[[Nabii Obadia|Obadia]] *[[Raheli]] *[[Rebeka]] *[[Ruthu]] *[[Samweli]] *[[Sara]] *[[Sefania]] *[[Nabii Shemaya|Shemaya]] *[[Wayahudi saba na mama yao]] *[[Yakobo Israeli]] *[[Nabii Yeremia|Yeremia]] *[[Nabii Yoeli|Yoeli]] *[[Nabii Yona|Yona]] *[[Yosefu (babu)]] *[[Yoshua]] *[[Nabii Zekaria|Zekaria]] ==Tazama pia== *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] *[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] {{mbegu-Biblia}} [[Jamii:Orodha za watu]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Biblia]] ta3dcacaaya22t7xqpestpz63am7v4u 11 89413 1548065 1491847 2026-05-22T06:00:56Z ~2026-30769-25 89552 /* YESU WA WASABATO NITOFAUTI NA YESU ANAYEABUDIWA JUMAPILI */ mjadala mpya 1548065 wikitext text/x-wiki Hakika nimeelewa kwamba Waromani na Wanglikana wanamwabudu Shetani kwasababu hizi:1:Ubatizo wao maana uko kinyume na agizo la Yesu...2:Matumizi ya Rozari ambayo hakuna Nabii,Mtume,Kuhani wala mtu yeyote aliyetumia Kifaa hicho katika mambo ya kiimani tena HAKUNA neno Rozari ktk Biblia...3:Sala zao yuu ya wafu eti wasamehewe wakti Mungu hajaagiza maombi kama hayo katika Neno lake(Biblia)...4:Tendo la kutokwenda na BIBLIA kanisani...5:Tendo la kubatiza watoto wadogo eti wakiamini kwamba wana dhambi...6:Kuomba wafu ili wafu wawalinde,wawaombee kwa Mungu wakati mwombezi wetu ni Yesu(Rumi 8:31....) na Roho Mtakatifu...7:Tendo la waumini kushiriki mkate(mwili) tuu bila divai(Damu) na huku kiongozi wao akila mwili na kinywa divai peke yake kinyume na Yesu alivyofanya na kuagiza...8: N.k.Hayo yote ni dalili za Mpinga Kristo.Mwisho:Yesu anasema tujifunze kwake. :Ndugu, asante kwa matusi yako. Labda hujajua Injili inavyofundisha unyenyekevu na hasa kutokuhukumu wengine. Kwa vyovyote sioni uhusiano kati ya hoja zako za kigezo chetu. Nakuombea Mungu akugeuze kuwa kama kitoto, la sivyo hakuna wokovu! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 15:34, 11 Aprili 2017 (UTC) :upo vizuri kijana kula chuma hicho yakobo 1:27 afu kuja kutoka 20 afu lala na mathayo 6 [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-10748-64|&#126;2026-10748-64]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-10748-64|talk]]) 22:58, 17 Februari 2026 (UTC) == YESU WA WASABATO NITOFAUTI NA YESU ANAYEABUDIWA JUMAPILI == Biblia yangu na yako ina sema '''mathayo 1:20 ................usihofu kumchukua mariamu mkeo maana mimba yake ni Kwa uwezo wa wa Roho mtakatifu''' Point yangu: YESU wa wa waromani ni mwana wa maria ila Yesu wa WASABATO ni mwana wa Mariamu ''. *Ushahidi ni kwamba jina '''devotha ukitoa neno " tha" inabaki " Devo" Maana ya neno " Devo" ni shetani hivyo basi hata neno mariamu ukitoa neno " mu" inabaki "maria " na huyu maria anachukua nafasi ya mungu mke kwenye utatu wa kipagani yaani "cemiresy" mke wa nimrodi ambaye aliabudiwa kama mungu jua''''' '''Luka 1:26 mwenzi wa sita malaika Gabriel I alitumwa na Mungu KWENDA mji wa galilaya...........27 Kwa mwanamwali bikra............jina lake mariamu 31 utachukua mimba utazaa mtoto jina lake utamwita Yesu 39 Basi siku hizo akaenda mji wa yuda katika nyumba ya Elizabeth 43 limenitokeaje neno hili Mama wa Bwana wangu anijilie Mimi?''' Pointi yangu ni kwamba Mimba ya YESU kuzaliwa ilitungwa mwezi wa sita hvyo Kwa utaritibu wa kuzaliwa yesu alizaliwa mwezi wa tatu ila '''yesu wa wa waroma amezaliwa mwezi wa 12 hivyo yesu wao ni ndebile yaani hajakamilika ndiyo maana maombi Yao hupita Kwa maria ndipo Kwa yesu maana yesu wao hajakamilika''' Kama unaswali weka comment hapo chini nitakujibu [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-30769-25|&#126;2026-30769-25]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-30769-25|talk]]) 06:00, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) p815nm21vrytpzk5w98thawhkq6u7zb 0 90462 1547936 1472201 2026-05-22T01:38:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547936 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zainabu Nuhu Mwamwindi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] [[Mtanzania]] na mwanachama wa [[chama cha kisiasa]] cha [[CCM]]. Amechaguliwa kuwa [[Wabunge wa Tanzania 2015|mbunge]] wa [[Viti maalum vya wanawake]] kwa miaka [[2015]] - [[2020]].<ref name="PolisContrib">Bunge Polis. "Hotuba ya Mheshimiwa Zainabu N. Mwamwindi – Bunge la 11". https://polis.bunge.go.tz/contributions/26</ref><ref name="PolisGerezaIringa">Bunge Polis. "Swali la Mheshimiwa Zainabu N. Mwamwindi kuhusu gereza la Wilaya ya Iringa na hospitali ya mkoa". https://polis.bunge.go.tz/members/231/primary-answers</ref><ref name="UWTIringa2022">Matukio Daima Media (17 Novemba 2022). "Zainabu Mwamwindi mwenyekiti UWT mkoa wa Iringa". https://www.matukiodaimamedia.co.tz/2022/11/zainabu-mwamwindi-mwenyekiti-uwt-mkoa.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="BungeMpyaList">Bunge la Tanzania. "Wabunge na Nafasi Zao 1965‑2023". https://www.parliament.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1738848527-1725523378-Tarehe%2016%20Jan.%202024%20Wabunge%20na%20Nafasi%20Zao%20%281965%20-%202023%29.pdf</ref><ref name="PolisCommittee">Bunge Polis. "Kamati ya Ardhi, Maliasili na Utalii – Wajumbe, Bunge la 11". https://www.eatv.tv/sites/default/files/news/2016/01/21/1453381918-MCHANGANUO%20WA%20WABUNGE%20KATIKA%20KAMATI%20MPYA%20ZA%20BUNGE%20LA%20KUMI%20NA%20MOJA%20%2811%29.pdf</ref><ref name="MpangoVitiMaalum2018">Bunge la Tanzania. "Orodha ya Wabunge – Toleo la Pili (Aprili 2018)". https://www.parliament.go.tz/uploads/mps_dir/1523636818-ORODHA%20YA%20WABUNGE%20TOLEO%20LA%20PILI%20-%20APRILI%202018.pdf {{Wayback|url=https://www.parliament.go.tz/uploads/mps_dir/1523636818-ORODHA%20YA%20WABUNGE%20TOLEO%20LA%20PILI%20-%20APRILI%202018.pdf |date=20240730231258 }}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references/> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa-Tanzania}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Bunge la Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wanawake Tanzania]] 16v5s4nmn9gnciz9qakayxrwap2g361 0 92542 1547948 1454486 2026-05-22T01:59:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{geobox|Lake <!-- *** Header *** -->|name=Lake Mansi|native_name=|other_name=|category=Kalapukan|etymology=|nickname=<!-- *** Image *** -->|image=|image_caption=<!-- *** Admin *** -->|country={{flag|Tansaniya}}|country_flag=|state=[[Coast Region]]|state_type=Rehiyon|region=|region_type=|district=|district_type=|municipality=|municipality_type=<!-- *** Associated with *** -->|parent=|city=|river=|landmark=<!-- *** Tributaries *** -->|tributary_left=|tributary_right=<!-- *** Source and mouth *** -->|source=|source_location=|source_region=|source_country=|source_elevation=|source_lat_d=|source_lat_m=|source_lat_s=|source_lat_NS=|source_long_d=|source_long_m=|source_long_s=|source_long_EW=|source_confluence=|mouth=|mouth_location=|mouth_region=|mouth_country=|mouth_elevation=|mouth_lat_d=|mouth_lat_m=|mouth_lat_s=|mouth_lat_NS=|mouth_long_d=|mouth_long_m=|mouth_long_s=|mouth_long_EW=<!-- *** Size *** -->|area=|length=|width=|depth=|elevation=79|volume=|watershed=<!-- *** Flow *** -->|discharge=|discharge_max=|discharge_min=<!-- *** Free *** -->|free=|free_type=<!-- *** Maps *** -->|map=|map_caption=|map_locator_x=|map_locator_y=<!-- *** Notes *** -->|footnotes=|lat_d=-7.23333|long_d=39.08333|timezone_label=Africa/Dar_es_Salaam|utc_offset=+3|timezone=[[East Africa Time|EAT]]|geonames=154863}}'''Ziwa Mansi''' ni kati ya [[Ziwa|maziwa]] madogo ya [[Tanzania]]. Liko katika Mkoa wa [[Mkoa wa Pwani|Pwani]], katika sehemu ya mashariki ya nchi, kilomita 400 mashariki mwa [[Dodoma (mji)|Dodoma]], mji mkuu na kilomita 59 kutokea [[Dar es Salaam]]. [[Savana|Hali ya hewa ya savanna]] . <ref name="koppen">{{Rejea jarida |last=Peel |first=M C |last2=Finlayson |first2=B L |date= |title=Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification |url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html |journal=Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |publisher= |volume=11 |issue= |pages=1633-1644 |doi=10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 |access-date=30 Enero 2016 |archive-date=2017-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210144308/http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wastani wa halijoto ni 24 [[Halijoto|°C]] . Mwezi moto zaidi ni Desemba, ambapo juto hufika nyuzijoto 26&nbsp;[[Halijoto|°C]], na baridi zaidi Juni, ambapo hufikia nyuzijoto 21&nbsp;°C. <ref name="nasa">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|title=NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index|accessdate=30 Enero 2016|publisher=NASA|archive-date=2013-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806035941/http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Wastani wa mvua kwa mwaka 1,222 (inchi 48.6). Mwezi wa mvua zaidi ni Aprili, na mvua ya milimita 346 (inchi 13.7), na ukame zaidi ni Julai, na milimita 10 (inchi 0.4). <ref name="nasarain">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M|title=NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM)|accessdate=30 Enero 2016|publisher=NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission|archive-date=2020-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413164725/https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| |{{Climate chart|Lake Mansi|21|29|58|21|29|70|21|27|306|22|24|346|20|26|126|17|25|18|18|25|10|19|26|28|19|28|49|19|30|21|21|29|68|22|29|123|float=left|clear=left|source=<ref name = "nasa"/>}} |} ==Tazama pia== *[[Orodha ya maziwa ya Tanzania]] ==Tanbihi== {{Reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.geonames.org Geonames.org] {{Maziwa ya Tanzania}} {{mbegu-jio-TZ}} [[Jamii:Maziwa ya Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Pwani]] om281iee3r9z5loulvww2jf6q3pq4qf 0 93697 1547946 1530097 2026-05-22T01:56:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|0|38|N|36|05|E|region:KE_type:waterbody|display=inline,title}} '''Ziwa Baringo''' linapatikana katika [[Bonde la Ufa]], [[kaskazini]] mwa [[Kenya]], lina eneo la [[Km²|km²]] 130, na liko [[mita]] [[970]] juu ya [[usawa wa bahari]]. Linalishwa na [[mito]] mbalimbali, ikiwemo [[mto Molo]], [[mto Perkerra]] na [[mto Ol Arabel]], lakini halina mito inayotoka. ==Visiwa vinavyopatikana ndani ya ziwa== * [[Kisiwa cha Lesukut]] ([[kaunti ya Baringo]]) * [[Kisiwa cha Olkokwa]] (kaunti ya Baringo) * [[Kisiwa cha Parmalok]] (kaunti ya Baringo) * [[Kisiwa cha Rongena]] (kaunti ya Baringo) * [[Kisiwa cha Samatian]] (kaunti ya Baringo) ==Tazama pia== • [[Orodha ya maziwa ya Kenya]] ==Viungo vya nje== <ref name = "gn200574">[{{Geonameslink|gnid=200574|name=lake%20baringo}} Lake Baringo] sa [{{Geonamesabout}} Geonames.org (cc-by)]; post updated 2013-09-06; database download sa 2016-09-13</ref> <ref name = "koppen">{{cite journal|last= Peel|first= M C|last2= Finlayson|first2= B L|date= |title= Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification|url= http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html|journal= Hydrology and Earth System Sciences|publisher= |volume= 11|issue= |pages= 1633-1644|doi= 10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007|access-date= 30 Enero 2016|archive-date= 2017-02-10|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170210144308/http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html|url-status= dead}}</ref> <ref name = "nasa">{{Rejea tovuti|url= http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|title= NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index|access-date= 30 Enero 2016|publisher= NASA|accessdate= 2019-02-13|archivedate= 2013-08-06|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20130806035941/http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php}}</ref> <ref name = "nasarain">{{Rejea tovuti|url= http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M|title= NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM)|access-date= 30 Enero 2016|publisher= NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission|accessdate= 2019-02-13|archivedate= 2020-04-13|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20200413164725/https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{Maziwa ya Kenya}} {{mbegu-jio-KE}} [[Jamii:ziwa Baringo]] [[Jamii:Maziwa ya Kenya]] [[Jamii:Kaunti ya Baringo]] q1v7kctgsddp9tg24373wfq9tmmpilz 0 108544 1548154 1430955 2026-05-22T09:27:56Z Said Mfaume 68307 {{databox}} 1548154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox settlement |jina_rasmi = Mkoa wa Kasai |settlement_type = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mkoa]] |native_name = |nickname = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Democratic Republic of the Congo (26 provinces) - Kasaï.svg |map_caption = Mahali pa Mkoa wa Kasai katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo |coordinates_region = CD |subdivision_type = [[Madola|Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Mikoa]] |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = [[Mji mkuu]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Tshikapa]] |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 95631 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |idadi_ya_wakazi_kwa_mwaka_wa = |population_note = |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 3199891 |latd=|latm= |lats=|latNS=S |longd=|longm= |longs=|longEW=E |elevation_m = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = |footnotes = }} '''Mkoa wa Kasai''' ni mmojawapo kati ya [[Mkoa|mikoa]] 26 ya kujitawala ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. [[Idadi]] ya wakazi wake ni takriban 3,199,891. [[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Tshikapa]]. ==Wilaya== Mbali ya mji huo, mkoa umegawanywa katika wilaya 5: # [[Wilaya ya Dekese|Dekese]] # [[Wilaya ya Ilebo|Ilebo]] # [[Wilaya ya Kamonia|Kamonia]] (Tshikapa) # [[Wilaya ya Luebo|Luebo]] # [[Wilaya ya Mweka|Mweka]] ==Viungo vya nje== {{commons|Kasai}} {{Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} {{Mbegu-jio-Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}} [[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kasai|!]] [[Jamii:Mikoa ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Kasai]] c8zefw12riorwgwf6x9oupgly7mj1gd 0 118250 1548186 1429402 2026-05-22T10:14:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Settlement |jina_rasmi = Barraba |picha_ya_bendera = |ukubwa_ya_bendera = |picha_ya_nembo = |ukubwa_ya_nembo = |picha_ya_satelite = |maelezo_ya_picha = Queen Street, Barraba |pushpin_map = Australia |pushpin_map_caption = |settlement_type = Kijiji |subdivision_type = [[Nchi]] |subdivision_name = [[Australia]] |subdivision_type1 = [[:Jamii:Majimbo ya Australia|Majimbo]] |subdivision_name1 = [[New South Wales]] |subdivision_type2 = [[Manispaa]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Tamworth Regional Council]] |idadi_ya_wakazi_kwa_mwaka_wa = 2016 |wakazi_kwa_ujumla = 1410<ref name=Census2016>{{Rejea tovuti| title = 2016 Census QuickStats – Barraba (State Suburb)|url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/UCL10206|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|accessdate=18 Agosti 2018| date = 6 Julai 2018|archivedate=2019-10-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018084121/https://quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/UCL10206}}</ref> |latd=30 |latm=22|lats=42|latNS=S |longd=150|longm=36 |longs=38|longEW=E |website = {{en}} [http://barraba.com.au barraba.com.au] }} '''Barraba''' ni [[kijiji]] katika [[mkoa]] wa [[New England (Australia)|New England]] huko [[New South Wales]], [[Australia]]. Kijiji kilikuwa kijiji kikuu cha [[manispaa]] ya [[Barraba Shire]] lakini kijiji na manispaa yake ziliungamanishwa katika manispaa ya [[Tamworth Regional Council]] (kwa [[Kiswahili]]: Halmashauri ya Mkoa wa Tamworth) mnamo 2004. Barraba kiko katika [[Bundarra-Barraba Important Bird Area]] (Kiswahili: Eneo Muhimu kwa ndege wa mwitu za vijiji Bundarra na Barraba) ambayo inalinda makazi ya ndege ambayo ni nadra ''[[Anthochaera phrygia]]'' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: Regent Honeyeater). [[File:Queen Street Barraba NSW..jpg|thumb|right|Barabara kuu]] Barraba ni km 477 kaskazini magharibi kutoka [[Sydney]], km 548 kusini magharibi kutoka [[Brisbane]], na km 90 kaskazini kutoka [[Tamworth (Australia)|Tamworth]], ambao ni mji karibu zaidi. [[Mto wa Manilla]] unapita kando ya kijiji. Barraba kiko kwenye barabara ya watalii [[Fossickers Way]] (Kiswahili: Njia ya Watafutaji wa metali ya thamani na mawe za dhamana) na kijiji kiko kwenye [[Nandewar Range]] (Kiswahili: Milima ya Nandewar) kwa [[urefu]] wa m 500. [[File:Regenthoneyeater.JPG|thumb|right|''Anthochaera phrygia'']] ==Historia== Waaustralia wa asili, watu wa [[Kamilaroi]] (au watu wa Gamilaraay), waliishi katika wilaya hiyo kabla ya kuwasili kwa Wazungu.<ref name=SMHTraveller>{{Rejea habari| title = Barraba|url=https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/barraba-20040208-gdkpxv.html|work=Sydney Morning Herald Traveller |accessdate=14 Novemba 2011| date = 13 Novemba 2008}}</ref> Mzungu wa kwanza katika wilaya hiyo alikuwa mchunguzi na mtaalam wa mimea [[Allan Cunningham (mtaalam wa mimea)|Allan Cunningham]] ambaye alifika huko mnamo 1827.<ref name=VisitTam>{{Rejea tovuti| title = Barraba|url=http://www.visittamworth.com/country-soul/heritage/barraba-2.html|work=Visit Tamworth|publisher=Tamworth Regional Council|accessdate=14 Novemba 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015170220/http://www.visittamworth.com/country-soul/heritage/barraba-2.html|archivedate=2011-10-15}}</ref> Shamba la kwanza wilayani lilianzishwa mnamo 1837 au 1838.<ref name=SMHTraveller /><ref name=Bdateline>{{Rejea tovuti| title = Barraba Dateline|url=http://barraba.com.au/barraba-dateline-65.cfm |work=Barraba NSW – The Community Website |accessdate=14 Novemba 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317140757/http://www.barraba.com.au/barraba-dateline-65.cfm |archivedate=17 Machi 2012 |df= }}</ref> Tovuti ya kijiji cha baadaye iliauliwa mnamo 1852.<ref name=ThemhistBarraba>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Boileau|first=Joanna| title = Thematic History of Nundle, Manilla and Barraba|url=http://www.tamworth.nsw.gov.au/ArticleDocuments/221/2.07.5_Thematic_History_of_Nundle_Manilla_and_Barraba_Attachment-small.pdf.aspx|publisher=Tamworth Regional Council|accessdate=14 Novemba 2011|pages=124–125| date = Februari 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405002055/http://www.tamworth.nsw.gov.au/ArticleDocuments/221/2.07.5_Thematic_History_of_Nundle_Manilla_and_Barraba_Attachment-small.pdf.aspx|archivedate=2019-04-05}}</ref> Ugunduzi wa dhahabu katika miaka ya 1850 ulisaidia makazi kukua. Ofisi ya posta ya kwanza ilifunguliwa mnamo 1856<ref name=POhist1>{{Rejea tovuti| title = Post Office History|url=https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=NSW&country=|work=Post Office List – NSW|publisher=Premier Postal Auctions|accessdate=14 Novemba 2011}}</ref> na shule ya kwanza ilifunguliwa mnamo 1861. Kanisa la Anglikana la kwanza lilijengwa mnamo 1876 na benki ya kwanza pia ilifunguliwa mnamo 1876. Hoteli ya kwanza, ''Commercial Hotel'', ilijengwa mnamo 1878 na mahakama ilijengwa mnamo 1885. Barraba ilitangazwa rasmi kuwa kijiji mnamo 1885. Hospitali ilijengwa mnamo 1891 na kanisa la Methodisti lilijengwa mnamo 1898. Gazeti la hapa, ''The Barraba Gazette'', lilianza kuchapisha mnamo 1901. Reli ilifika kijijini mnamo 1908<ref name=SMHbarrabarail>{{Rejea habari |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15026481 | title = THE BARRABA RAILWAY.|newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] | date = 22 Septemba 1908|accessdate=15 Novemba 2011|page=7|publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> lakini treni ya mwisho iliendesha mnamo 1983 na reli ilifungwa mnamo 1987.<ref name=NSWrail1>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Bozier|first=Rolfe|title=Barraba Branch|url=http://www.nswrail.net/lines/show.php?name=NSW:barraba|work=NSWrail.net|accessdate=15 Novemba 2011|archive-date=2023-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702135653/https://www.nswrail.net/lines/show.php?name=NSW:barraba|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bwawa la Connors Creek lilijengwa mnamo 1933<ref name=Bdateline /> ili kuboresha usambazaji wa maji kwa kijiji. [[File:Allan Cunningham07.jpg|thumb|left|Allan Cunningham]] ==Uchimbaji madini== ===Shaba=== [[Shaba]] iligunduliwa huko Gulf Creek mnamo 1889 na mgodi wa kwanza ulianzishwa mnamo 1892.<ref name=SMHTraveller /> Gulf Creek ni kilomita 22 kaskazini mashariki kutoka kijiji Barraba. Kijiji kidogo kilianzishwa ambacho kilikuwa na hoteli, shule na ofisi ya posta.<ref name=SMHgulfck>{{Rejea habari |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14399975 | title = MINING IN NEW SOUTH WALES.|newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] | date = 29 Julai 1901|accessdate=15 Novemba 2011 |page=8|publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> Mgodi huo ulikuwa mgodi mkubwa wa shaba huko New South Wales mnamo 1901 lakini ilifungwa miaka ya 1930. Kijiji kidogo kilikuwa na wenyeji 300 mnamo 1901. Ofisi ya posta ilifunguliwa mnamo 1897 lakini ilifungwa mnamo 1966.<ref name=POhist1 /> Kijiji kidogo kilitengwa. ===Asbesto=== [[Asbesto]] ilichimbwa tangu 1919 mpaka 1983 huko Woodsreef, ambayo ilikuwa kijiji kidogo kilomita 15 mashariki kutoka Barraba. Mgodi huo uliongezeka mnamo 1974. Mgodi ulizalisha tani 500,000 za [[asbestosi nyeupe]]. Mgodi ulioachwa uliacha tani 75,000,000 za mawe ya taka na tani 25,000,000 za asbesto. Rundo la asbestosi linafunika hekta 43 na ni hadi mita 70 kwa urefu.<ref name="Woodsreef">[http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LA20080829019 Woodsreef Asbestos Mine Site Rehabilitation Private Members Statement, 29 August 2008.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110403060521/http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LA20080829019 |date=April 3, 2011 }}</ref> Ripoti ya habari ya [[Televisheni|runinga]] mnamo 2008 ilielezea wasiwasi unaokua kwamba asbestosi itakuwa hatari kwa kiafya kwa wenyeji na wageni.<ref name="7.30">[http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/content/2008/s2334536.htm Abandoned asbestos mine causes community outrage]</ref> ''The Foundation for Asbestos Diseases of Australia'' (Kiswahili: Wakfu wa Ugonjwa wa Asbestosi wa Australia) ulidai kwamba tovuti ya mgodi lazima iboreshewe. Wakfu pia ulidai kwamba umma marufuku kuingia kwenye tovuti ya mgodi. Barabara yenye uchafu wa umma ilipitia tovuti ya mgodi hadi barabara hiyo ilifungwa mnamo 2013. Kijiji kidogo kilitengwa. Wizara ya afya ya serikali ''Hunter-New England Health'' ilifanya uchunguzi wa kina juu ya athari za kiafya kwa jamii lakini matokeo ya uchunguzi wa kiwa huo bado hayajachapishwa.<ref name="leader">[http://www.northerndailyleader.com.au/news/local/news/general/woodsreef-health-report-under-wraps/2003517.aspx?src=rss Woodsreef health report under wraps] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706110601/http://www.northerndailyleader.com.au/news/local/news/general/woodsreef-health-report-under-wraps/2003517.aspx?src=rss |date=July 6, 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Woodsreef.JPG|right|thumb|Mgodi uliyotengwa huko Woodsreef]] ===Diatomite=== Mgodi wa [[diatomite]] ulianzishwa mnamo 1982. Madini hii hutumiwa kutengeneza milipuko, dawa za kuulia wadudu, katika kilimo, na ujenzi. ===Madini ya thamani na vito=== [[Pyrite]], [[garnet]], [[jaspi]], na [[shondo]] hupatikana wilayani. Mtu anaweza pia kupata [[kisukuku|visukuku]]. ==Kilimo== Mashamba katika wilaya yana [[ng'ombe]] kwa nyama, [[kondoo]] kwa nyama na ugoya, au [[ngano]]. ==Tabianchi== [[Majira ya joto]] ni ya joto na ya mvua. Majira ya baridi ni baridi na kavu. Joto la juu kabisa lililorekodiwa ni 41.8 ° C na joto la chini kabisa lililorekodiwa ni -9.4° C. Mvua ya wastani ya mwaka ni milimita 688.7 na mvua nzito zaidi iliyorekodiwa katika siku moja ni 194.3 mm ambayo ilinyesha tarehe 25 Februari 1955. <ref name=BOMbarraba1>{{Rejea tovuti| title = Climate Statistics for Barraba Post Office|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_054003_All.shtml|work=Climate statistics for Australian locations|publisher=Bureau of Meteorology|accessdate=16 Novemba 2011}}</ref> ==Usambazaji wa maji== Kabla ya ujenzi wa Lambo la Split Rock, wenyeji wa kijiji hicho walichota maji kutoka Mto wa Manilla, kutoka Barraba Creek, na kutoka Lambo la Conors Creek. Wakati vyanzo vya maji vilikuwa chini, wenyeji walipata maji kutoka visima vya dharura.<ref name="supply">[http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/Prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LC20100317050 Barraba Water Supply] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628190641/http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/Prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LC20100317050 |date=28 June, 2011 }}</ref><ref name="water">[http://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2010/03/26/2857141.htm Barraba's water supply critical]</ref> Lambo la Split Rock lilijengwa mnamo 1988 na bomba kutoka lambo kwenda kijiji lilijengwa mnamo 2015. ==Picha== <gallery> File:BarrabaMainStreet.JPG|Mtaa wa Malkia (Queen Street) ni barabara kuu ya kijiji File:BarrabaCourtHouse.JPG|Mahakama, Barraba File:BarrabaCommercialHotel.JPG|Hoteli Commercial Hotel, Barraba File:BarrabaAnglicanChurch.JPG|[[Kanisa]] la [[Anglikana]], Barraba File:BarrabaUnitingChurch.JPG|Kanisa la [[Wamethodisti]], Barraba File:BarrabaRomanCatholicChurch.JPG|[[Kanisa Katoliki]], Barraba File:BarrabaClockTower.JPG|Mnara wa saa, Barraba File:BarrabaNABBank.JPG|Benki ya kwanza, Barraba </gallery> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * {{en}} [https://barraba.com.au/ tovuti ya mtaa] {{Wayback|url=https://barraba.com.au/ |date=20190411112104 }} * {{en}} [https://www.facebook.com/BarrabaNSW/ tovuti ya mtandao kwenye Facebook] * {{en}} [http://www.frostoverbarraba.org.au/ tamasha la sanaa "Frost over Barraba"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.frostoverbarraba.org.au/ |date=20200302001744 }} * {{en}} [http://www.barrabashow.com.au/ sikukuu ya ndani] * {{en}} [http://www.destinationtamworth.com.au/Explore/barraba kutoka kwa wavuti ya Tamworth Regional Council] * {{en}} [http://www.fossickersway.com/barraba/.aspx kutoka kwa wavuti Fossickers Way] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fossickersway.com/barraba/.aspx |date=20210305140900 }} * {{en}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDLlCazi6aU video: lambo la Connors Creek] * {{en}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZMygmgyIks video: mgodi wa asbestosi uliotelekezwa huko Woodsreef] * {{en}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pcF4SRtKU4 video: lambo la Split Rock] * {{en}} [https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Barraba Barraba huko Wikivoyage] [[Jamii: Miji ya Australia]] [[jamii:New South Wales]] 4re3ovxhcey713xo02ymzm71hcdnzyo 0 121305 1547905 1534082 2026-05-21T22:29:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547905 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:Altar_of_the_church_of_Libyan_Martyrs_in_Minya.jpg|thumb|[[Altare]] ya [[Kanisa (jengo)|kanisa]] lao huko [[Minya]], [[Misri]].]] '''Wafiadini Wakopti wa Libya''' ni [[Wakristo]] 20 [[Wakopti|wa Kikopti]] kutoka [[Misri]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/16/uk-mideast-crisis-egypt-village-idUKKBN0LK1L420150216|title=Thousands mourn Egyptian victims of Islamic State in disbelief|publisher=[[Reuters]]|date=16 Feb 2015|accessdate=26 Feb 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225124231/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/16/uk-mideast-crisis-egypt-village-idUKKBN0LK1L420150216|archive-date=25 February 2015|url-status=live|archivedate=2015-02-25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225124231/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/16/uk-mideast-crisis-egypt-village-idUKKBN0LK1L420150216}}</ref> na [[Matthew Ayariga]] kutoka [[Ghana]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=346906|title=Ghanaian beheaded in Libya?|website=www.ghanaweb.com|accessdate=30 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629111104/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=346906|archive-date=29 June 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.talkleft.com/story/2015/2/19/54349/6959/wariniraq/Libya-s-Mystery-Beach-and-the-21st-Victim|title=Libya's Mystery Beach and the 21st Victim - TalkLeft: The Politics Of Crime|website=www.talkleft.com|accessdate=30 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012072844/http://www.talkleft.com/story/2015/2/19/54349/6959/wariniraq/Libya-s-Mystery-Beach-and-the-21st-Victim|archive-date=12 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|title=February anniversary of the brutal murder of 21 Coptic Christians in Libya one year ago.|date=2016-02-12|work=DavidAlton.net|access-date=2018-03-17|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080754/https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.cknnigeria.com/2015/02/ghanaian-christian-among-those-beheaded.html|title=Ghanaian Christian Among Those Beheaded By ISIS|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213135107/http://www.cknnigeria.com/2015/02/ghanaian-christian-among-those-beheaded.html|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.heraldmalaysia.com/news/the-bodies-of-the-coptic-martyrs-beheaded-by-isis-found-in-libya/38712/1|title=The bodies of the Coptic Martyrs beheaded by Isis found in Libya|last=Online.|first=Herald Malaysia|website=Herald Malaysia Online|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080419/http://www.heraldmalaysia.com/news/the-bodies-of-the-coptic-martyrs-beheaded-by-isis-found-in-libya/38712/1|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghanaian-beheaded-in-Libya-346906|title=Ghanaian beheaded in Libya?|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195147/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghanaian-beheaded-in-Libya-346906|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cronaca/2017/10/9/CRISTIANI-COPTI-DECAPITATI-DALL-ISIS-Sirte-rinvenuti-21-corpi-in-una-fossa-comune/786441/|title=CRISTIANI COPTI DECAPITATI DALL'ISIS/ Sirte, rinvenuti 21 corpi in una fossa comune|work=Il Sussidiario.net|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195121/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cronaca/2017/10/9/CRISTIANI-COPTI-DECAPITATI-DALL-ISIS-Sirte-rinvenuti-21-corpi-in-una-fossa-comune/786441/|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live|accessdate=2020-02-14|archivedate=2018-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213195121/http://www.ilsussidiario.net/News/Cronaca/2017/10/9/CRISTIANI-COPTI-DECAPITATI-DALL-ISIS-Sirte-rinvenuti-21-corpi-in-una-fossa-comune/786441/}}</ref> waliotekwa na [[Waislamu]] wenye [[itikadi kali]] wa [[Daish]] huko [[Sirte]], [[Libya]], walipokuwa wanafanya [[kazi]] ya [[ujenzi]] tarehe [[27 Desemba]] [[2014]] na mnamo Januari [[2015]].<ref name="aljaz">{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/02/isil-video-execution-egyptian-christian-hostages-libya-150215193050277.html|title=ISIL video shows Christian Egyptians beheaded in Libya|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=16 Feb 2015|accessdate=16 Feb 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128220526/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/02/isil-video-execution-egyptian-christian-hostages-libya-150215193050277.html|archive-date=28 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Matukio ya [[dhuluma]] dhidi ya Wamisri nchini Libya yalianza katika [[miaka ya 1950]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.merip.org/mero/mero031715|title=The Politics of Egyptian Migration to Libya|last=Tsourapas|first=Gerasimos|date=17 March 2015|website=Middle East Research and Information Project|publisher=|access-date=2016-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111193445/http://www.merip.org/mero/mero031715|archive-date=11 November 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Hatimaye waliuawa kwa kukatwa [[kichwa]] kwa ajili ya [[imani]] yao<ref>Later, when one of the perpetrators of the operation was arrested, he admitted in the investigation that the slaughter had taken place at the beach opposite Al Mahary Hotel in [[Sirte]].{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.alarabiya.net/ar/north-africa/2017/10/07/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7.html|title=ليبيا.. اعترافات مثيرة للشاهد على ذبح الأقباط|website=www.alarabiya.net|language=ar|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407154831/http://www.alarabiya.net/ar/north-africa/2017/10/07/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B0%D8%A8%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7.html|archive-date=2018-04-07|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/2589441|title="البنيان المرصوص" تكشف التفاصيل الكاملة لذبح الأقباط المصريين في ليبيا|date=2017-10-07|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080218/https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/2589441|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.youm7.com/story/2017/10/7/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%89-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%81-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF/3445520|title=داعشى يعترف بالتفاصيل الكاملة لاغتيال المصريين فى سرت الليبية بعد القبض عليه.. الإرهابى أبو عامر الجزراوى قاد المجموعة المجرمة.. وعناصر من تونس وليبيا شاركت فى الجريمة النكراء.. والسلطات تستخرج رفات الضحايا - اليوم السابع|date=2017-10-07|work=اليوم السابع|access-date=2018-03-17|language=ar-Ar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221074604/http://www.youm7.com/story/2017/10/7/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%89-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%81-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF/3445520|archive-date=2018-02-21|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.eremnews.com/news/arab-world/1017662|title=بالصور.. التفاصيل الكاملة لقصة ذبح الأقباط المصريين في سرت الليبية|work=إرم نيوز|access-date=2018-03-17|language=ar-AR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213021850/https://www.eremnews.com/news/arab-world/1017662|archive-date=2018-02-13|url-status=live|accessdate=2020-02-14|archivedate=2018-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213021850/https://www.eremnews.com/news/arab-world/1017662}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|url=http://www.albawabhnews.com/2745714|title=بعد العثور على رفات الضحايا.. تفاصيل ذبح المصريين بليبيا|work=البوابة نيوز|access-date=2018-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330062714/http://www.albawabhnews.com/2745714|archive-date=2018-03-30|url-status=live|accessdate=2020-02-14|archivedate=2018-03-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330062714/http://www.albawabhnews.com/2745714}}</ref>, kama ilivyoonyeshwa katika [[video]] tarehe [[15 Februari]] 2015<ref>[http://www.ramanmedianetwork.com/isis-video-shows-mass-beheading-of-christian-hostages/#sthash.dRBC2ygW.dpuf Raman Media network: "ISIS Video Shows Mass Beheading of Christian Hostages" by Rakash Raman] February 16, 2015</ref>. [[Kifo]] chao kilithibishwa na [[serikali]] na [[Kanisa]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2015/02/14/libyan-parliament-confirms-death-21-kidnapped-coptic-egyptians/ |title=Libyan parliament confirms death of 21 kidnapped Coptic Egyptians |newspaper=[[Daily News Egypt]] |author=Mahmoud Mostafa |date=February 14, 2015 |accessdate=16 Feb 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215224401/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2015/02/14/libyan-parliament-confirms-death-21-kidnapped-coptic-egyptians/ |archivedate=February 15, 2015 }}</ref>. Tarehe [[21 Februari]] 2015 [[Patriarki]] [[Tawadros II]] wa [[Alexandria]] aliwatangaza kuwa [[watakatifu]]<ref name="Vatican radio">{{cite web | url=http://www.news.va/en/news/coptic-church-recognizes-martyrdom-of-21-coptic-ch | title=Coptic Church Recognizes Martyrdom of 21 Coptic Christians | date=21 February 2015 | accessdate=21 February 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012065659/http://www.news.va/en/news/coptic-church-recognizes-martyrdom-of-21-coptic-ch | archive-date=12 October 2017 | url-status=live }}</ref>. Kwa ruhusa yake, [[Papa Fransisko]] aliwaingiza katika [[Martyrologium Romanum]]. [[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa tarehe ya [[kifodini]] chao, 15 Februari. ==Majina yao== Ni kama ifuatavyo<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ahram-canada.com/50972/|title=ماثيو " شهيد المسيح " قريبا فى مصر . - جريدة الأهرام الجديد الكندية|publisher=|access-date=2017-11-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201030649/http://www.ahram-canada.com/50972/|archive-date=2017-12-01|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|title=February anniversary of the brutal murder of 21 Coptic Christians in Libya one year ago.|date=12 February 2016|publisher=|access-date=13 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213080754/https://davidalton.net/2016/02/12/february-anniversary-of-the-brutal-murder-of-21-coptic-christians-in-libya-one-year-ago/|archive-date=13 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.youm7.com/story/2015/2/16/%D9%86%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8021-%D8%B6%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4-%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7/2068977 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180325100855/http://www.youm7.com/story/2015/2/16/%D9%86%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8021-%D8%B6%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4-%D9%81%D9%89-%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7/2068977 |archive-date=2018-03-25 |url-status=live </ref>: {| class="wikitable" |- | Bishoy Adel Khalaf || Samuel Alhoam Wilson || Hany Abdel-Masih Salib |- | Melad Mackeen Zaki || Abanoub Ayad Attia || Ezzat Bushra Nassif |- | Yousef Shokry Younan || Kirillos Shukry Fawzy || Majed Suleiman Shehata |- | Somali Stéphanos Kamel || Malak Ibrahim Siniot || Bishoy Stéphanos Kamel |- | Mena Fayez Aziz || Girgis Melad Sniout || Tawadros Youssef Tawadros |- | Essam Badr Samir || Luke Ngati || Jaber Mounir Adly |- | Malak Faraj Abram || Sameh Salah Farouk || Matthew Ayariga |} ==Mwendelezo== Mnamo [[19 Aprili]] [[2015]], Daish ilisambaza video nyingine iliyoonyesha uuaji wa Wakristo [[Waethiopia]] 30 hivi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/04/19/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-ethiopians-in-libya.html|title=ISIS releases video purportedly showing killing of Ethiopian Christians in Libya|date=20 April 2015|publisher=|access-date=21 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522041258/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/04/19/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-ethiopians-in-libya.html|archive-date=22 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-islamicstate-killings/islamic-state-shoots-and-beheads-30-ethiopian-christians-in-libya-video-idUSKBN0NA0IE20150419|title=Islamic State shoots and beheads 30 Ethiopian Christians in Libya:...|first=Sylvia|last=Westall|publisher=|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706111023/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-islamicstate-killings/islamic-state-shoots-and-beheads-30-ethiopian-christians-in-libya-video-idUSKBN0NA0IE20150419|archive-date=2018-07-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/20/world/middleeast/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-of-ethiopian-christians.html|title=ISIS Video Appears to Show Executions of Ethiopian Christians in Libya|publisher=|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706104013/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/20/world/middleeast/isis-video-purports-to-show-killing-of-ethiopian-christians.html|archive-date=2018-07-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/04/isil-claims-massacre-ethiopian-christians-libya-150419104309814.html|title=ISIL claims massacre of Ethiopian Christians in Libya|website=[[Aljazeera.com]]|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529202921/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/04/isil-claims-massacre-ethiopian-christians-libya-150419104309814.html|archive-date=2018-05-29|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/video/news/video-1176709/ISIS-behead-shoot-30-Ethiopian-Christians-Libya.html|title=ISIS behead and shoot 30 Ethiopian Christians in Libya|website=Mail Online|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612214617/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/video/news/video-1176709/ISIS-behead-shoot-30-Ethiopian-Christians-Libya.html|archive-date=2018-06-12|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/04/19/africa/libya-isis-executions-ethiopian-christians/index.html|title=ISIS executes more Christians in Libya, video shows|first=Eliott C.|last=McLaughlin|work=CNN|access-date=2018-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529131930/https://www.cnn.com/2015/04/19/africa/libya-isis-executions-ethiopian-christians/index.html|archive-date=2018-05-29|url-status=live}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Martin Mosebach]] aliandika kitabu juu yao: ''The 21 - A Journey into the Land of Coptic Martyrs.''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.thetablet.co.uk/columnists/3/15609/lots-of-coptic-clergy-were-rubbing-shoulders-with-members-of-the-bruderhof|title=Lots of Coptic clergy were rubbing shoulders with members of the Bruderhof|website=The Tablet|language=en|access-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212020026/https://www.thetablet.co.uk/columnists/3/15609/lots-of-coptic-clergy-were-rubbing-shoulders-with-members-of-the-bruderhof|archive-date=2019-12-12|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Tazama pia== * [[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Mabradha wa Shule za Kikristo]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waaugustino]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabazili]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wabenedikto]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wadominiko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wajesuiti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakarmeli]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakolumbani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wamersedari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waoratori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapasionisti]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wapremontree]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waredentori]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wasalesiani]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Waskolopi]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wateatini]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watrinitari]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Watumishi wa Maria]] * [[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wavinsenti]] ==Tanbihi== {{reflist|30em}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://lacopts.org/news/updated-list-of-the-names-of-the-new-martyrs-of-libya/ Updated list of the names of the new martrys of Libya]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{mbegu-Mkristo}} [[Category:Waliozaliwa karne ya 20]] [[Category:Waliofariki 2015]] [[Category:Wakopti]] [[Jamii:Wafiadini Wakristo]] [[Category:Watakatifu wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Ghana]] kd75gwzyazyl9403rxs1r6h3agqt9p0 0 121608 1547910 1438234 2026-05-21T23:10:01Z Benson mussa masila 89547 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 1547910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} [[Picha:Columbia Supercomputer - NASA Advanced Supercomputing Facility.jpg|thumb|[[Tarakilishikuu]] ya Nasa nchini Marekani.]] '''Sayansi ya tarakilishi au kompyuta''' ni somo kuhusu [[kompyuta]] na jinsi zinavyofanya kazi ikiwemo misingi yake ya [[Nadharia|kinadharia]] na [[Algoriti|kialgoriti]], [[Vifaa (tarakilishi)|vifaa vya kompyuta]] na [[programu]] na matumizi yake katika [[usindikaji taarifa]]. [[Taaluma]] ya sayansi ya kompyuta inajumuisha uchuguzi wa [[algoriti]] na [[miundo data]], uundaji wa [[kompyuta]] na [[Mtandao wa kompyuta|mitandao wa kompyuta]], uundaji wa [[mifano data]] na [[usindikaji taarifa]] <ref>https://www.britannica.com/science/computer-science</ref> == Historia == Misingi ya mapema zaidi ya kile ambacho kinaweza kuwa sayansi ya kompyuta ilitangulia uvumbuzi wa kompyuta ya kisasa ya dijiti. Mashine za kukokotoa kazi za nambari zisizobadilika kama vile abacus zimekuwepo tangu zamani, zikisaidia katika hesabu kama vile kuzidisha na kugawanya. [[Algorithm|Algorithms]] za kufanya hesabu zimekuwepo tangu zamani, hata kabla ya utengenezaji wa vifaa vya kisasa vya kompyuta. [[:en:Wilhelm_Schickard|Wilhelm Schickard]] alibuni na kutengeneza kikokotoo cha kwanza cha kufanya kazi mwaka wa 1623. Mnamo mwaka wa 1673, [[Gottfried Leibniz]] alionyesha kikokotoo cha mitambo cha dijiti, kiitwacho [[:en:Stepped_reckoner|Stepped Reckoner]]. Leibniz anaweza kuchukuliwa kuwa [[mwanasayansi]] wa kwanza wa kompyuta na nadharia ya habari, kwa sababu ya sababu mbalimbali, ikiwa ni pamoja na ukweli kwamba aliandika mfumo wa nambari ya binari. Mnamo 1820, [[:en:Charles_Xavier_Thomas|Thomas de Colmar]] alizindua tasnia ya kikokotoo cha kimakanika[kumbuka alipovumbua hesabu yake iliyorahisishwa, mashine ya kwanza ya kukokotoa yenye nguvu ya kutosha na inayotegemeka vya kutosha kutumika kila siku katika mazingira ya ofisi. [[Charles Babbage]] alianza uundaji wa kikokotoo cha kwanza cha kikokotoo kiotomatiki, Difference Engine yake, mwaka wa 1822, ambayo hatimaye ilimpa wazo la kikokotoo cha kwanza cha mitambo kinachoweza kupangwa, Injini yake ya Uchanganuzi. Alianza kutengeneza mashine hii mwaka wa 1834, na "katika muda wa chini ya miaka miwili, alikuwa amechora vipengele vingi muhimu vya kompyuta ya kisasa".Hatua muhimu ilikuwa kupitishwa kwa mfumo wa kadi ulioboreshwa kutoka kwa kitanzi cha Jacquard" kuifanya iweze kuratibiwa kabisa. Mnamo 1843, wakati wa tafsiri ya makala ya [[Kifaransa]] kuhusu Injini ya Uchambuzi, [[Ada Lovelace]] aliandika, katika mojawapo ya madokezo mengi aliyojumuisha, algoriti ya kukokotoa nambari za Bernoulli, ambayo inachukuliwa kuwa algoriti ya kwanza kuchapishwa kuwahi kulengwa mahususi kwa ajili ya utekelezaji kwenye kompyuta.Takriban 1885, [[Herman Hollerith]] alivumbua tabulata, ambayo ilitumia kadi zilizopigwa kuchakata taarifa za takwimu; hatimaye kampuni yake ikawa sehemu ya IBM. Kufuatia Babbage, ingawa hakufahamu kazi yake ya awali, [[:en:Percy_Ludgate|Percy Ludgate]] mwaka wa 1909 alichapisha miundo ya 2 kati ya mbili pekee za injini za uchanganuzi za kimakanika katika historia. Mnamo mwaka wa 1913, mhandisi wa Kihispania [[:en:Leonardo_Torres_Quevedo|Leonardo Torres Quevedo]] aliandika Insha zake juu ya Automatics, na akasanifu, akiongozwa na [[Charles Babbage|Babbage]], mashine ya kukokotoa ya kieletroniki ya kinadharia ambayo ilipaswa kudhibitiwa na programu ya kusoma tu. Karatasi hiyo pia ilianzisha wazo la hesabu za sehemu zinazoelea. Mnamo 1920, ili kusherehekea kumbukumbu ya miaka 100 ya uvumbuzi wa hesabu, Torres aliwasilisha huko [[Paris]] Arithmometer ya Electromechanical, ambayo ilikuwa na kitengo cha hesabu kilichounganishwa na mashine ya kuandika (inawezekana ya mbali), ambayo amri zinaweza kuchapishwa na matokeo kuchapishwa moja kwa moja. Mnamo 1937, miaka mia moja baada ya ndoto isiyowezekana ya Babbage, [[:en:Howard_H._Aiken|Howard Aiken]] alishawishi [[IBM]], ambayo ilikuwa ikitengeneza kila aina ya vifaa vya kadi zilizopigwa na pia alikuwa katika biashara ya kikokotoo kutengeneza kikokotoo chake kikubwa kinachoweza kuratibiwa, ASCC/Harvard Mark I, chenye msingi. kwenye Engine Analytical Engine ya [[Charles Babbage|Babbage]], ambayo yenyewe ilitumia kadi na kitengo cha kati cha kompyuta. Mashine ilipokamilika, wengine waliipongeza kama "ndoto ya [[Charles Babbage|Babbage]] ilitimia". == Etimolojia == Ingawa ilipendekezwa kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka wa 1956, [[neno]] "sayansi ya kompyuta" linaonekana katika makala ya [[1959]] katika Mawasiliano ya ACM, ambapo Louis Fein anabishana kuhusu kuundwa kwa Shule ya Wahitimu katika Sayansi ya Kompyuta sawa na kuundwa kwa Harvard. Shule ya Biashara mwaka wa 1921. Louis anahalalisha jina kwa kubishana kwamba, kama sayansi ya usimamizi, somo linatumika na linajumuisha taaluma mbalimbali, huku likiwa na sifa za kawaida za taaluma ya kitaaluma. Juhudi zake, na zile za wengine kama vile mchambuzi wa nambari George Forsythe, zilituzwa: [[Chuo Kikuu|vyuo vikuu]] viliendelea kuunda idara kama hizo, kuanzia na Purdue mnamo 1962. Licha ya jina lake, kiasi kikubwa cha sayansi ya kompyuta haihusishi utafiti wa kompyuta wenyewe. Kwa sababu hii, majina kadhaa mbadala yamependekezwa. Idara fulani za vyuo vikuu vikuu hupendelea neno sayansi ya kompyuta, ili kusisitiza kwa usahihi tofauti hiyo. Mwanasayansi wa Denmark Peter Naur alipendekeza neno datalojia, ili kuakisi ukweli kwamba taaluma ya kisayansi inahusu data na matibabu ya data, ilhali si lazima kuhusisha kompyuta. Taasisi ya kwanza ya kisayansi kutumia neno hilo ilikuwa Idara ya Datalogy katika Chuo Kikuu cha Copenhagen, iliyoanzishwa mwaka wa 1969, na Peter Naur akiwa profesa wa kwanza katika datalogy. Neno hili linatumika hasa katika nchi za Scandinavia. Neno mbadala, pia lililopendekezwa na Naur, ni sayansi ya data; hii sasa inatumika kwa uwanja wa taaluma nyingi wa uchanganuzi wa data, ikijumuisha takwimu na hifadhidata. Katika siku za mwanzo za kompyuta, idadi ya masharti ya watendaji wa uwanja wa kompyuta yalipendekezwa katika Mawasiliano ya ACM-turingineer, turologist, flow-charts-man, applyed meta-mathematician, and applied epistemologist. Miezi mitatu baadaye katika jarida hilohilo, mtaalamu wa comptologist alipendekezwa, na kufuatiwa mwaka ujao na mwanahyolojia. Neno kompyuta pia limependekezwa. katika Ulaya, maneno yanayotokana na tafsiri zilizo na mkataba za usemi "habari otomatiki" (k.m. "informazione automatica" katika Kiitalia) au "habari na hisabati" hutumiwa mara nyingi, k.m. informatique (Kifaransa), Informatik (Kijerumani), informatica (Kiitalia, Kiholanzi), informática (Kihispania, Kireno), informatika (Lugha za Slavic na Hungarian) au pliroforiki (πληροφορική, ambayo ina maana ya habari) katika Kigiriki. Maneno sawa na hayo pia yamekubaliwa nchini Uingereza (kama katika Shule ya Informatics, Chuo Kikuu cha Edinburgh). "Nchini Marekani, hata hivyo, habari zinahusishwa na matumizi ya kompyuta, au kompyuta katika muktadha wa kikoa kingine." Nukuu ya ngano, ambayo mara nyingi huhusishwa na—lakini kwa hakika haijatungwa kwanza na—Edsger Dijkstra, inasema kwamba “sayansi ya kompyuta haihusu kompyuta zaidi ya vile unajimu unavyohusu darubini.” Muundo na usambazaji wa kompyuta na mifumo ya kompyuta ni kwa ujumla inachukuliwa kuwa mkoa wa taaluma zaidi ya sayansi ya kompyuta. Kwa mfano, utafiti wa vifaa vya kompyuta kawaida huchukuliwa kuwa sehemu ya uhandisi wa kompyuta, wakati utafiti wa mifumo ya kompyuta ya kibiashara na kupelekwa kwao mara nyingi huitwa teknolojia ya habari au mifumo ya habari. Hata hivyo, kumekuwa na kubadilishana mawazo kati ya taaluma mbalimbali zinazohusiana na kompyuta. [[Utafiti]] wa sayansi ya kompyuta pia mara nyingi huingilia taaluma zingine, kama vile sayansi ya utambuzi, isimu, hisabati, fizikia, biolojia, sayansi ya Dunia, takwimu, falsafa na mantiki. Sayansi ya kompyuta inachukuliwa na wengine kuwa na uhusiano wa karibu zaidi na hisabati kuliko taaluma nyingi za kisayansi, huku baadhi ya wachunguzi wakisema kwamba kompyuta ni sayansi ya hisabati. Sayansi ya awali ya kompyuta iliathiriwa sana na kazi ya wanahisabati kama vile Kurt Gödel, Alan Turing, John von Neumann, Rózsa Péter na Kanisa la Alonzo na kunaendelea kuwa na ubadilishanaji muhimu wa mawazo kati ya nyanja hizo mbili katika maeneo kama vile mantiki ya hisabati, kitengo. nadharia, nadharia ya kikoa, na aljebra. Uhusiano kati ya Sayansi ya Kompyuta na Uhandisi wa Programu ni suala lenye utata, ambalo limechafuliwa zaidi na mabishano kuhusu maana ya neno "Uhandisi wa Programu", na jinsi sayansi ya kompyuta inavyofafanuliwa. David Parnas, akichukua kidokezo kutoka kwa uhusiano kati ya taaluma zingine za uhandisi na sayansi, amedai kuwa lengo kuu la sayansi ya kompyuta ni kusoma mali ya hesabu kwa ujumla, wakati lengo kuu la uhandisi wa programu ni muundo wa hesabu maalum ili kufikia vitendo. malengo, kufanya taaluma hizi mbili tofauti lakini zinazokamilishana. Vipengele vya kitaaluma, kisiasa na ufadhili vya sayansi ya kompyuta hutegemea ikiwa idara inaundwa kwa msisitizo wa hisabati au kwa msisitizo wa uhandisi. Idara za sayansi ya kompyuta zilizo na msisitizo wa hisabati na mwelekeo wa nambari huzingatia upatanishi na sayansi ya ukokotoaji. Aina zote mbili za idara huwa zinafanya juhudi za kuunganisha uwanja wa elimu. == Falsafa == Licha ya neno "sayansi" katika jina lake, kuna mjadala kuhusu kama sayansi ya kompyuta ni taaluma ya sayansi au la, hisabati, au uhandisi. Allen Newell na Herbert A. Simon walibishana mwaka wa 1975. Sayansi ya kompyuta ni taaluma ya majaribio. Tungeiita sayansi ya majaribio, lakini kama vile unajimu, uchumi, na jiolojia, baadhi ya aina zake za kipekee za uchunguzi na uzoefu hazilingani na aina finyu ya mbinu ya majaribio. Walakini, ni majaribio. Kila mashine mpya inayotengenezwa ni jaribio. Kwa kweli ujenzi wa mashine unaleta swali kwa maumbile; nasi tunasikiliza jibu kwa kutazama mashine inavyofanya kazi na kuichanganua kwa njia zote za uchanganuzi na vipimo vinavyopatikana. Tangu wakati huo imekuwa ikijadiliwa kuwa sayansi ya kompyuta inaweza kuainishwa kama sayansi ya majaribio kwani hutumia upimaji wa majaribio kutathmini usahihi wa programu, lakini shida inabaki katika kufafanua sheria na nadharia za sayansi ya kompyuta (ikiwa zipo) na kufafanua asili ya majaribio katika sayansi ya kompyuta. Watetezi wa kuainisha sayansi ya kompyuta kama taaluma ya uhandisi wanasema kuwa kutegemewa kwa mifumo ya hesabu huchunguzwa kwa njia sawa na madaraja katika uhandisi wa kiraia na ndege katika uhandisi wa anga. Pia wanahoji kwamba ingawa sayansi ya majaribio inachunguza kile kilichopo sasa, sayansi ya kompyuta inachunguza kile kinachowezekana kuwepo na wakati wanasayansi wanagundua sheria kutokana na uchunguzi, hakuna sheria sahihi ambazo zimepatikana katika sayansi ya kompyuta na badala yake inahusika na kuunda matukio. Watetezi wa kuainisha sayansi ya kompyuta kama taaluma ya hisabati hubishana kuwa programu za kompyuta ni utambuzi wa kimwili wa vyombo vya hisabati na programu zinaweza kufikiriwa kwa njia ya kimaadili kupitia mbinu rasmi za hisabati.[47] Wanasayansi wa kompyuta Edsger W. Dijkstra na Tony Hoare wanaona maagizo ya programu za kompyuta kama sentensi za hisabati na kutafsiri semantiki rasmi kwa lugha za programu kama mifumo ya hisabati aksiomatiki. ===Vigezo vya sayansi ya kompyuta=== Wanasayansi kadhaa wa kompyuta wamebishana kwa tofauti ya dhana tatu tofauti katika sayansi ya kompyuta. Peter Wegner alidai kwamba dhana hizo ni sayansi, teknolojia, na hisabati. Kikundi kazi cha Peter Denning kilidai kuwa wao ni nadharia, uchukuaji (kubuni), na muundo. Amnon H. Eden alizitaja kama "mtazamo wa kimantiki" (ambao huchukulia sayansi ya kompyuta kama tawi la hisabati, ambalo limeenea katika sayansi ya nadharia ya kompyuta, na hasa hutumia mawazo ya kukariri), "mtazamo wa kiteknolojia" (unaoweza kupatikana katika uhandisi. mbinu, maarufu zaidi katika uhandisi wa programu), na "mtazamo wa kisayansi" (ambao huangazia mabaki yanayohusiana na kompyuta kutoka kwa mtazamo wa kimajaribio wa sayansi asilia, unaotambulika katika baadhi ya matawi ya akili bandia). Sayansi ya kompyuta inazingatia mbinu zinazohusika katika kubuni, vipimo, upangaji programu, uthibitishaji, utekelezaji na majaribio ya mifumo ya kompyuta iliyotengenezwa na binadamu. == Viwanja == Hii ni orodha inayobadilika na huenda kamwe isiweze kukidhi viwango fulani vya ukamilifu. Unaweza kusaidia kwa kuongeza vitu vilivyokosekana na vyanzo vya kuaminika. Kama taaluma, sayansi ya kompyuta inahusisha mada mbalimbali kutoka kwa masomo ya kinadharia ya algoriti na mipaka ya ukokotoaji hadi masuala ya vitendo ya kutekeleza mifumo ya kompyuta katika maunzi na programu. CSAB, ambayo zamani iliitwa Bodi ya Uidhinishaji wa Sayansi ya Kompyuta—ambayo inaundwa na wawakilishi wa Chama cha Mashine za Kompyuta (ACM), na Jumuiya ya Kompyuta ya IEEE (IEEE CS)—inabainisha maeneo manne ambayo inaona kuwa muhimu kwa taaluma ya kompyuta. sayansi: nadharia ya hesabu, algoriti na miundo ya data, mbinu ya programu na lugha, na vipengele vya kompyuta na usanifu. Mbali na maeneo haya manne, CSAB pia inabainisha nyanja kama vile uhandisi wa programu, akili bandia, mitandao ya kompyuta na mawasiliano, mifumo ya hifadhidata, ukokotoaji sambamba, ukokotoaji uliosambazwa, mwingiliano wa binadamu na kompyuta, michoro ya kompyuta, mifumo ya uendeshaji, na ukokotoaji wa nambari na ishara kama kuwa maeneo muhimu ya sayansi ya kompyuta. :Sayansi ya kompyuta haihusu zaidi kompyuta kuliko unajimu unavyohusu darubini. :— Edsger Dijkstra == Sayansi ya kompyuta ya kinadharia == Sayansi ya Kompyuta ya Kinadharia ni ya kihisabati na dhahania katika roho, lakini inapata motisha yake kutoka kwa hesabu ya vitendo na ya kila siku. Kusudi lake ni kuelewa asili ya hesabu na, kama matokeo ya ufahamu huu, kutoa mbinu bora zaidi. ===Nadharia ya hesabu=== Kulingana na Peter Denning, swali la msingi linalohusu sayansi ya kompyuta ni, "Ni nini kinachoweza kuwa otomatiki?" Nadharia ya ukokotoaji inalenga kujibu maswali ya kimsingi kuhusu kile kinachoweza kukokotwa na ni kiasi gani cha rasilimali kinachohitajika kutekeleza hesabu hizo. Katika jitihada za kujibu swali la kwanza, nadharia ya upatanifu huchunguza ni matatizo yapi ya kikokotozi yanaweza kusuluhishwa kwenye miundo mbalimbali ya kinadharia ya ukokotoaji. Swali la pili linashughulikiwa na nadharia ya ugumu wa hesabu, ambayo inasoma gharama za muda na nafasi zinazohusiana na mbinu tofauti za kutatua matatizo mengi ya komputationali. Nadharia otomatiki Lugha rasmi Nadharia ya utengamano Nadharia ya uchangamano ya kimahesabu Wavu wa Mwingiliano kama Configuration Blochsphere XNOR ANSI Inayo lebo Kellerautomat Miundo ya hesabu Nadharia ya tarakilishi ya Quantum Nadharia ya mzunguko wa mantiki ===Nadharia ya habari na usimbaji=== Nadharia ya habari, inayohusiana kwa karibu na uwezekano na takwimu, inahusiana na upimaji wa habari. Hii ilitengenezwa na Claude Shannon ili kupata vikomo vya kimsingi vya uchakataji wa mawimbi kama vile kubana data na kuhifadhi na kuwasiliana data kwa uhakika. Nadharia ya usimbaji ni utafiti wa mali ya misimbo (mifumo ya kubadilisha habari kutoka fomu moja hadi nyingine) na usawa wao kwa matumizi maalum. Misimbo hutumiwa kwa ukandamizaji wa data, usimbaji fiche, kutambua makosa na kusahihisha, na hivi majuzi pia kwa usimbaji mtandao. Misimbo inasomwa kwa madhumuni ya kubuni mbinu bora na za kuaminika za uwasilishaji wa data. ===Miundo ya data na algoriti=== Miundo ya data na algoriti ni masomo ya mbinu za ukokotoaji zinazotumiwa sana na ufanisi wake wa kukokotoa. ===Nadharia ya lugha ya programu na mbinu rasmi=== Nadharia ya lugha ya upangaji ni tawi la sayansi ya kompyuta ambalo hujishughulisha na muundo, utekelezaji, uchambuzi, uainishaji, na uainishaji wa lugha za programu na sifa zao za kibinafsi. Inaangukia ndani ya taaluma ya sayansi ya kompyuta, kutegemea na kuathiri hisabati, uhandisi wa programu, na isimu. Ni eneo amilifu la utafiti, lenye majarida mengi ya kitaaluma yaliyojitolea. Mbinu rasmi ni aina mahususi ya mbinu ya kihisabati ya kubainisha, ukuzaji na uthibitishaji wa programu na mifumo ya maunzi. Utumiaji wa mbinu rasmi za usanifu wa programu na maunzi huchochewa na matarajio kwamba, kama ilivyo katika taaluma nyingine za uhandisi, kufanya uchanganuzi ufaao wa hisabati kunaweza kuchangia kutegemewa na uimara wa muundo. Zinaunda msingi muhimu wa kinadharia kwa uhandisi wa programu, haswa ambapo usalama au usalama unahusika. Mbinu rasmi ni kiambatisho muhimu cha majaribio ya programu kwani husaidia kuzuia makosa na pia zinaweza kutoa mfumo wa majaribio. Kwa matumizi ya viwandani, msaada wa zana unahitajika. Hata hivyo, gharama ya juu ya kutumia mbinu rasmi ina maana kwamba kwa kawaida hutumiwa tu katika maendeleo ya mifumo ya juu ya uadilifu na muhimu kwa maisha, ambapo usalama au usalama ni muhimu sana. Mbinu rasmi zinafafanuliwa vyema kama matumizi ya anuwai pana ya misingi ya kinadharia ya sayansi ya kompyuta, haswa calculi ya mantiki, lugha rasmi, nadharia ya kiotomatiki, na semantiki za programu, lakini pia chapa mifumo na aina za data za aljebra kwa shida katika uainishaji wa programu na maunzi na uthibitishaji. {{mbegu-sayansi}} [[Jamii:Kompyuta]] [[Jamii:Teknolojia]] [[Jamii:Sayansi]] gqgsydhczikpbzmduiqfi5ivo39t8c3 0 131071 1547896 1528808 2026-05-21T21:52:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547896 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victoria Inyama''' ni [[mwigizaji]] mkongwe wa [[Nigeria]]. ==Maisha ya awali na Elimu== Inyama alizaliwa katika jimbo la [[Enugu]], ambapo ni Kusini Mashariki mwa [[Nigeria]] ambayo ilitawaliwa na wazungumzaji wa [[Igbo]] wa nchini [[Nigeria]]. Alipata [[shahada]] ya kwanza kutoka [[chuo kikuu]] cha shirikisho kilichoitwa Chuo Kikuu cha Lagos ndani ya [[Nigeria]]. Alizungumza na Channels TV kwenye mahojiano ambapo alisema kuwa bado yupo [[shule]] anasomea ushauri katika Lewisham Counselling school of London ili aweze kuwa msaada wa watu katika masuala ya kiakili.<ref name=aa>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2017/09/15/nollywood-actors-have-a-lot-to-learn-victoria-inyama/|title=Nollywood Actors Have A Lot To Learn -Victoria Inyama • Channels Television|date=2017-09-15|work=Channels Television|access-date=2017-12-01|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==Kazi== Alianza kazi mnamo mwaka [[1990]]. Katika mahojiano, alisema kuwa [[msanii]] mkongwe mwenzake, Alex Usifo ndiye aliyemuona na kumuingiza katika tasnia ya [[sinema]] ya [[Nigeria]].<ref name=aa/> Inyama baada ya kuolewa na Godwin Okri, alihamia [[Uingereza]]<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/ive-no-issues-with-homosexuals-victoria-inyama-actress/|title=I’ve no issues with homosexuals – Victoria Inyama, actress {{!}} The Sun News|website=sunnewsonline.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-12-01}}</ref> kitendo hiki kilikuwa na madhara katika [[kazi]] zake za [[uigizaji]] <ref>{{Rejea habari|url=https://www.nigeriafilms.com/celebrity-gossips/80-interviews/7690-i-don-t-see-myself-relocating-to-nigeria-victoria-inyama-okri|title=I don’t see myself relocating to Nigeria ---Victoria Inyama-Okri|work=Nigeriafilms.com|access-date=2017-12-01|language=en-gb|archive-date=2017-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202052820/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/celebrity-gossips/80-interviews/7690-i-don-t-see-myself-relocating-to-nigeria-victoria-inyama-okri|url-status=dead}}</ref> kwa kuwa aliachana [[biashara]] za [[burudani]] na kujihusisha kwa umakini na [[familia]] yake. ==Maisha Binafsi== Inyama aliolewa na Godwin Okri na walipata watoto watatu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://sunnygist.blogspot.com.ng/2014/05/nollywood-star-victoria-inyama-recent.html|title=WELCOME TO SUNNYGIST: Nollywood Star, Victoria Inyama Recent Looks After Three Kids.|last=G|first=Sunny|website=WELCOME TO SUNNYGIST|access-date=2017-12-01|accessdate=2020-10-31|archivedate=2017-12-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202052653/https://sunnygist.blogspot.com.ng/2014/05/nollywood-star-victoria-inyama-recent.html}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://theyesng.com/the-things-i-dont-like-about-london-star-actress-victoria-inyama/|title=THE THINGS I DON’T LIKE ABOUT LONDON – Star actress, Victoria Inyama – Yes International! Magazine|website=theyesng.com|access-date=2017-12-01|accessdate=2020-10-31|archivedate=2017-12-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202053136/http://theyesng.com/the-things-i-dont-like-about-london-star-actress-victoria-inyama/}}</ref> ==Afya== Kupitia kurasa zake za [[mitandao ya kijamii]], Inyama alidhihirisha pambano lake dhidi ya [[saratani]] mnamo mwaka [[2006]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2017/11/24/victoria-inyama-turns-a-year-older/|title=Victoria Inyama's Emotional Story On Her Battle With Cancer {{!}} 36NG|website=www.36ng.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-01|archive-date=2017-12-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202052944/https://www.36ng.ng/2017/11/24/victoria-inyama-turns-a-year-older/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.latestnigeriannews.com/news/5208222/victoria-inyamas-emotional-story-on-her-battle-with-cancer.html|title=Victoria Inyama's Emotional Story On Her Battle With Cancer|last=Latestnigeriannews|website=Latest Nigerian News|access-date=2017-12-01}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.breezereporters.com/actress-victoria-inyama-reveals-battle-cancer/|title=Actress Victoria Inyama Reveals Her Battle With Cancer - Breeze Reporters|website=www.breezereporters.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-01|accessdate=2020-10-31|archivedate=2018-01-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127013618/http://www.breezereporters.com/actress-victoria-inyama-reveals-battle-cancer/}}</ref> ==Filamu== * ''Silent Night'' * ''Danger Zone'' * ''Odum'' * ''Love from Above'' * ''Eze Nwanyi'' * ''Glamour Boys'' * ''Iyanga'' * ''Barraccuda '' ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii: Waigizaji filamu wa Nigeria]] pcdkxmm4zxsk20fwn1e1eck8jakhvgw 3 131903 1547681 1530432 2026-05-21T14:21:28Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 19 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Kuhusu Uhariri== Habari ndugu Anuary Rajabu Hongera sana kwa jitihada zako za kuhariri katika Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, jaribu kupitia sana ukurasa wa mabadiliko ya karibuni ili kuweza kuona baadhi ya makala zako na namna zinavyoendelea kuboreshwa, na utumie maboresho hayo katika makala zako nyingine. Amani sana kwako. Idd ninga'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 22:58, 23 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Volkeno== Ndugu naona tunaingiliana kwenye makala kuhusu [[Chamko la volkeno]]. Sijamaliza bado. Ushauri ni: uangalie historia ya makala; kama imehaririwa dakika chache zilizopita, kuna uwezekano mhariri bado anaendelea.. Kwa hiyo heri kusibiri hadi kesho. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 20:05, 25 Mei 2021 (UTC) :Ooh Sawa kiongozi nimekuelwa Samahani kwa hilo, Nitafanya hivo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 22:17, 25 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Jina la Mtu== Salamu Anuary Rajabu Unaweza kuangalia katika makala zako zenye majina ya watu na kuona baadhi ya mabadiliko hasa ya masahihisho ya jina, kwa kawaida unapoandika jina la mtu inafaa kabisa jina liandikwe kwa herufi kubwa badala ya ndogo, unaweza kuona namna majina ya makala zako yalivyobadilishwa, hongera kwa juhudi unazofanya, endelea kujifunza zaidi, [[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]]) == Nimekuzuia siku 3 == Ndugu, uliondoa vigezo vya umaarufu, vyanz na futa kutoka ukurasa wa [[Melody Mbassa]], bila maelezo yoyote. Hapa umeingilia katika kazi ya usimamizi wa wikipedia hii. Nimekuzuia sasa kwa siku 3, huwezi kuhariri kwa siku hizo. Unaweza kujieleza kwenye ukurasa huu hapa. Ukiweza kutaja sababu zinazoeleweka naweza kuondoa kizuizi.'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:41, 28 Mei 2021 (UTC) Naomba kusamehewa,nilikua sijui kuhusu hilo lakini kwa kuwa kiongozi wangu ameweza kunielekeza kuhusu hilo, sitoweza kufanya hivo tena kwani mie sio mjuzi sana katika uhariri wa makala. Hivo nimeweza kujifunza. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:07, 28 Mei 2021 (UTC) :Asante kwa kujibu. Nimekufungua. Ila bado hujasema kwa nini uliondoa vigezo vile? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:57, 28 Mei 2021 (UTC) == Can you help me correct an article? Thank you! == Hello, {{Ping|Anuary Rajabu}}! I wrote an article on Andrea Benetti, a well-known Italian artist https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Benetti_(artist). I used the automatic translator to make a draft https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtumiaji:BarbaraLuciano13 . Could you help me correct the text and add the infobox with the photo at the beginning and the categories at the bottom? Unfortunately I don't know the language and I am not able to do it ... Thanks for what you can do, see you soon, --'''[[Mtumiaji:BarbaraLuciano13|BarbaraLuciano13]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:BarbaraLuciano13|majadiliano]])''' 09:11, 19 Juni 2021 (UTC) ==Marekebisho== Salamu Anuary, tazama katika makala hii hapa https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entisar_Elsaeed kuna sehemu umeandika kuwa Entisari ni mwanaharakati wa kutetea Wanawake, lakini katika makala hii ukasema kuwa Elsaeed na taasisi yake walilenga katika kuongeza unyanyasaji wa wanawake majumbani, nafikiri kuwa ulitaka kuandika kupunguza, sasa cha kufanya pitia makala yake ni kuifanyia marekebishom, tazama katika makala ya kiingereza nini kilichoandikwa,Amani sana'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 18:34, 9 Machi 2022 (UTC) :sawa kiongozi nimeelewa nitafanya hivyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:47, 10 Machi 2022 (UTC) ==Hongera== Anuary naona siku hizi unaleta michango mingi yenye thamani. Naona umeshika vizuri fomati ya wikipedia. Nakupa Hongera! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:59, 16 Machi 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:34, 16 Machi 2022 (UTC) ::Pamoja na pongezi, naomba uangalie makala zenyewe: kweli tunahitaji kutetea ushoga? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:13, 29 Machi 2022 (UTC) :::Asante kwa kufanyia doria makala nyingi. Mimi nimezidiwa. Ila naomba uondoe tanbihi za Wikipedia ya Kiingereza na hasa jamii nyingi mno. Unakuta makala ya mwanamuziki wa Nigeria ina jamii:Sanaa ya Afrika! kama si Jamii:Afrika! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:14, 4 Mei 2022 (UTC) ::::Asante sana, nitajitahidi kufanya hivyo. Amani iwe nasi sote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:31, 4 Mei 2022 (UTC) == JAMII za Muziki Aziingiliani na michezo == Amani kwako ndugu, kuwa makini wakati unachagua jamii ya kuweka kwenye makala,acha kuunganisha jamii ya muziki na makala za mchezo wa Mpira wa miguu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 19:41, 14 Mei 2022 (UTC) :Asante kwa ukumbusho nadhani ni suala la kujisahau tu katika ukopiji wa jamii wakati wa kuchapisha makala, hivo nitazipitia makala zangu zote ili kurekebisha makosa hayo. Amani iwe nasi sote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:54, 14 Mei 2022 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2022 - Local prize winners == <div style="border:8px brown ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Congratulations for winning a local prize in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competition. Thank you for your contribution and documenting your local folk culture on Wikipedia. Please fill in your preferences before 15th of June 2022 to receive your prize. Requesting you to fill [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] before the deadline to avoid disappointments. Feel free to [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Contact Us|contact us]] if you need any assistance or further queries. Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|FNF 2022 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 22 Mei 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=23312270 --> == Reminder to provide information - Feminism and Folklore 2022 == Dear User The Google form to submit information of winners during the 2022 edition of Feminism and Folklore 2022 end on 10th of June 2022. Please be informed that you will loose your prize once the deadline for sending information ends. We humbly urge you to kindly fill the form using [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this link] as soon as possible. Feel free to contact us on mail or talkpage if you have any difficulties. Thank you for understanding! Regards International Team Feminism and Folklore 2022 '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:38, 5 Juni 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=23364696 --> == Mipira ya samaki == Salamu Anuary. Ukichangia makala unafuata mabadiliko katika makala haya na kusoma majadiliano yake? Niliweka maoni yangu na swali kwenye [[Majadiliano:Mipira ya samaki]] (angalia hapo chini). Bado ninangoja jibu lako. Mipira wa samaki ni tafsiri isiyofaa kwa "fish balls". Maana ya mpira kwanza ni "rubber", kwa hivyo ikiwa maana yake ni "ball" hiyo ball ni aina ya rubber au labda ya plastiki. Kwa ujumla, "food ball" ni tonge kwa Kiswahili, au kitonge ikiwa ni dogo. "Meat ball" ni kababu, kwa hivyo labda tutumie hii kwa "fish ball" pia. Mnapendelea neno gani? '''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' 06:00, 22 Juni 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana Chriko kwa ukumbusho wako mzuri, hakika kweli Mipira ya samaki sio tafsiri thabiti ya "fish ball", hivyo katika kuchangia kwangu uhariri wa makala hiyo sikuweza kupitia huo ujumbe wako ulioacha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 02:16, 23 Juni 2022 (UTC) == Tena jamii == Asante kwa kutekeleza masahihisho. Sasa mfano wa [[Alfred Dan Moussa]]. Umemweka kwa "Wanahabari wa Cote d'Ivoire" PIA "Watu wa Cote d'Ivoire". Hii ya pili ni bure. "Wanahabari wa Cote d'Ivoire" umeanzisha kama jamii mpya, sasa unahitaji kufungua ukurasa wake (bofya jina jekundu tu) na ndani yake unaandika (katika mabano mraba) "Watu wa Cote Cote d'Ivoire" halafu pia jamii husika ya wanahabari. Uitafute tu, utakuta jina tofauti kidogo "Jamii:Waandishi wa habari". '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 20:52, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ukumbusho wako mzuri, lakini makala hii sikuianzisha mimi, hivo mie nimefanya masahihisho tu katika makala. :Pia katika suala la kuongeza, kupunguza na masahihisho ya jamii niliogopa kuingilia majukumu ndio maana niliacha kama nilivyokuta, kwani nafahamu hilo ni jukumu la mkabidhi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:02, 27 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Sage Steele]]== Ndugu, hongera kwa juhudi zako. Ila unapotaka kuchangia ukurasa fulani, usianze na moja. Kwa mfano huo hapo juu ulikata viungo na maandishi mazuri. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:07, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) :ukarasa huo ulikua hauna vyanzo na pia baadhi ya maudhui yalikua hayaendani na makala ya kiingereza, hivo ndio nilikua najaribu kuongeza vyanzo kwa kuanza kuandika upya, lakini baadhi ya vitu kama jamii na picha nimerejesha kama awali ilivyokua. :Unaweza kuupitia sasa hivi ukaona. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:16, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) ::Sawasawa, ila kumbuka si lazima ukurasa wa Kiswahili ufanane na ule wa Kiingereza! Kwa mfano kwa Kiswahili nadhani hatusemi sana "mtangazaji mwanamke" bali ni "mwanamke mtangazaji" au "mtangazaji wa kike". Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:52, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) :::Ahsante sana kwa kunipatia uelewa ambao nilikua sina hapo awali, hivo nitayafanyia kazi yote haya kuhakikisha kuwa makala zinakua bora zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:00, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==Kukaribisha watumiaji wapya== Habari nimeona umefanya kazi sana kuwakaribisha waliojiandikisha, asante sana!! Ila sasa naona umeanza kukaribisha pia URL. Sitaki kukuzuia, ukiwa nba muda mwingi endelea tu. Ila tu faida yake si kubwa sana. Maana wengi wanaingia kwa [[URL]] tofautitofauti zinazoweza kubadilika. Hapo ni sababu kwa kawaida hatuifanyi. Ila ni chaguo lako. [[Maalum:Michango/2003:CE:6730:1F01:2C97:DBF6:8B7:A19|2003:CE:6730:1F01:2C97:DBF6:8B7:A19]] 12:47, 16 Agosti 2022 (UTC) ::Kumbe safari hii nilingia pia kwa URL fulani ! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:49, 16 Agosti 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana kwa kunikumbusha na kunielekeza hapa nimeelewa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:34, 16 Agosti 2022 (UTC) == Kuongeza jamii == Habari, naona umeongeza jamii kwenye makala zilizokosa jamii za maana (zote zilipangwa chini ya "amani" pekee, ambayo haisiaidii kitu. Ila umeweka "mbegu za watu" ambayo haisaidii vilevile (ningependa kuifuta lakini ziko nyingi mno tayari, heri tuache kuitumia). Maana kusudi la jamii ni kuainisha makala na kupanga makala ambazo mada zinafanana. Njia bora ni kuona kama makala iko kwenye enwiki na kuchagua jamii za huko; hii inahitaji muda kidogo maana unahitaji kupeleleza kwanza kama jamii iko kwa Kiswahili, halafu utaitumia, au unaanza jamii mpya. Kwa vyote tazama [[Msaada:Jamii]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:42, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) :Asante ndugu Kipala kwa kunielekeza kile ambacho nilikua sikifahamu hapo awali, lakini sasa nimefahamu hivyo sitofanya hivyo tena na nitajaribu kuzipitia makala zote ambazo niliziwekea jamii hiyo na wakati mwingine takua mdadisi kwanza kabla ya kuweka jamii husika. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:24, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) ::Asante kwa jibu zuri. Sitaki kukusumbua nafurahi kamba unajifunza haraka na kuboresha wikipedia yetu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:24, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) :::Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:29, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) ==Tafadhali uwe macho makala zilizotafsiriwa kwa kompyuta== Habari naona ulijitahidi kusahihisha makala kadhaa ambazo niliangalia baadaye na kuzipendekeza kwa ufutaji (k.v. [[Itifaki ya Mitandao ya Kijamii iliyosambazwa]], [[Ufahamu wa mazingira]]. Ukiona matini ni vigumu nashukuru ukihakikisha kama ni tafsiri ya kompyuta. Wengine kama Mwambashi901 hawaonyeshi interwiki; mara nyingi ni rahisi kutambua makala ya enwiki waliyojaribu kutafsri, kwa kumwaga jina la makala katika google translate (maana huko walichukua jina). Mimi hutumia google translate kutafsiri sehemu ya kwanza kutoka enwiki kwenda sw, halafu nalinganisha kwenye ukurasa wa word pande zote kandokando (natumia jeswali). Nikiona A) matini imepokelewa neno kwa neno kutoka google, na B) Kiswahili kina kasoro, makosa au hakieleweki, ninaamua kama naweza kuisahihisha (au kama ninapenda kutumia muda wangu kwa jambo hili) halafu C) ama ninasahihisha au D) ninabandika kigezo cha <nowiki>{{futa}}</nowiki> na kuandikisha makala katika orodha ya [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] (kwa kubofya link yake), ambako mwingine ataiangalia na kuamua. Kwa jumla uone [[Msaada:Tafsiri_ya_kompyuta]]. Nitashukuru ukiweza kusaidia kutambua makala zenye lugha na tafsiri mbaya. Tumepata idadi kubwa ya makala kupitia google translate na tokeo lake ni kweli hatari kwa ajili ya wikipedia hiyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:16, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana kwa maelekezo yako na nimekuelewa vizuri sana, hivyo kuanzia sasa tajitahidi niwe napitia vema makala hasa za watumiaji wapya ambao ndio wanaanza kachangia katika Wikipedia ya kiswahili na pia baadhi ya watumiaji wengine ambapo makala zao zinakua na dalili ya kutungwa na kompyuta na makosa mengine mbalimbali. :Lakini pia naomba kujua je, nikikutana na makala yenye dalili ya kutungwa na kompyuta nina ruhusiwa pia kuweka alama ya "Tafsiri ya Kompyuta" au hiyo inaruhusiwa kwa "Wakabidhi" tu? '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:03, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) ::ukiona dalili weka alama tu. Pia pendekezo la "futa". Maazimo ya baadaye yatachukuliwa na wakabidhi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:20, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) :::Sawa asante sana nimeelewa nitajitahidi kuwa nafanya hivyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:57, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) == Dead links == Habari, asante kwa kusafisha dead links. Kwa jumla si vibaya tukichungulia kama hiyo link imehamishwa kabla ya kufuta tu. Wakati mwingine inasadia kutafuta kwa google jina la makala inayotajwa . ---- Pamoja na hayo je umeshapiga kura ukurasa wa Jumuiya? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 13:47, 9 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana kwa kuniewesha kwani hapo awali nilijua hazina maana yoyote, sasa nimeelewa. Ndio kura nimeshapiga tayari kwenye ukurasa wa Jumuiya. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:57, 9 Novemba 2022 (UTC) ::Samahani kwa kuingilia majadiliano hayo, mimi pia najitahidi kuondoa dead links, kumbe ni afadhali tuziache? Amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:58, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :::Bila ya samahani, hakika asante sana kwa kuchangia, kwa mujibu wa ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ni afadhali tuziache au kabla ya kuifuta ni bora kuichungulia kwanza kama haijahamishwa '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:17, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) ::::Ushauri wangu ni: kama ziko bure, tuzifute tu. Lakini mimi naona mara kadhaa marejeo yaleyale yanapatikana kwa anwani tofauti, nikitafuta jina la faili katika google. Inachukua muda zaidi kuchungulia, kwa hiyo kila mmoja anapaswa kuamua mwenyewe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:06, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :::::Sawa sawa hapo nimeelewa na hata ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] natumaini nayeye ameelewa labda kama analo la kuongezea. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:24, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) == Sending regards and few questions to ask... == Hello, if I may I will shift to Kiswahili. Ni kwamba asante kwa ukaribisho Mzuri kutoka juu na pia ya kuongeza asante hata kwa university wikimedians kwa kunipa nafasi ya kujiunga katika platform hii ya wikipedia... Niko ma swali, mona ni kwamba inakuaje kama nitahitaji kuweka picha na hio picha haipo kwenye platform yeyote ya wikipedia but only inapatikana kwenye mtandao mara nyingine kwenye tovuti kuu husina inayoshikiria hati miliki. Na pili nimeweza kuweka picha pamoja na taarifa kwa kiufupi kama inavoonekana kwenye makala za watu au makampuni. Ni hayo tu, Shukran sana na nitakua pamoja na nyie. Denis R. John [[Maalum:Michango/196.249.97.46|196.249.97.46]] 19:29, 27 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :Salaam ndugu, :Asante sana kwa swali lako zuri na karibu sana kwenye Wikipedia ya kiswahili, hivyo kwa mujibu wa taratibu za Wikipedia huzingatia sana faragha za mtu binafsi, kwahivyo huruhusiwi kuchukua picha ya kitu au mtu au media yeyote kutoka kwenye nyenzo zingine au mitandao ya kijamii na kuweza kuitumia kwenye makala za wikipedia bila ya ridhaa ya mmiliki husika. :Na ili kuweza kutumia picha husika kwenye makala za wikipedia, kwanza kabisa inakupasa kuipakia kwenye jukwaa la Wikimedia Commons kwa kuzingatia taratibu zote za faragha za mmiliki wa picha au media husika au kama picha au media hiyo uliipiga au kuandaa wewe mwenyewe pia bila ya kupitia huko kwenye nyenzo zingine au mitandao ya kijamii. :Asante,amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 30 Novemba 2022 (UTC) == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating these pages in your languages would be highly appreciated. Currently the following pages are available for translation: *[[wikimania:2023:Contact]] *[[wikimania:2023:Expo space]] *[[wikimania:2023:Glossary]] *[[wikimania:2023:Ideas]] *[[wikimania:2023:Ideas/Globe]] *[[wikimania:2023:Organizers]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program]] *[[wikimania:2023:Travel]] *[[wikimania:2023:Updates]] *[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer]] *[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer signup]] *[[wikimania:2023:Wikimania]] *[[wikimania:Template:Wikimania 2023 header]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[<tvar name="mass-delivery">Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery</tvar>|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:14, 28 Desemba 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24285311 --> == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating the following pages in your languages would be highly appreciated: *[[wikimania:2023:Health]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Questions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/FAQ]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Samples]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Travel Scholarship application]] *[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee/Request for Proposal]] *[[wikimania:2023:Visas]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 22 Januari 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24413464 --> :Habari '''[[Mtumiaji:SISTY MUSHISA|SISTY MUSHISA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SISTY MUSHISA|majadiliano]])''' 11:26, 17 Februari 2023 (UTC) == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. Your help with translating the following pages on Wikimania wiki in your languages would be highly appreciated: *[[wikimania:2023:Attendees]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/FAQ]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/Form Questions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Satellite events]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Socialize]] *[[wikimania:2023:Travel Coordination]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 4 Machi 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24656834 --> ==Makala kuhusu Analog Pussy== Ndugu nmeona pitio lako katika makala hii https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Pussy,na ningependa kujua je kundi la muziki lenye kufanya kazi za muziki sindo kundi la wanamuziki?,ningependa kujua juu ya hilo ili makosa kama hayo yasijirudie. Amami sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 19:33, 14 Aprili 2023 (UTC) :Yote ni sahihi lakini tukisema kundi la wanamuziki, hapo naona inakua inaleta maana nzuri zaidi kwa sababu inajumuisha muunganiko wa watu fulani kwenye kazi ya muziki, kuliko tukisema kundi la muziki (ambapo hapa mwingine anaweza kufafanua kama mjumuisho wa aina fulani za muziki n.k) '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:29, 14 Aprili 2023 (UTC) :Sawa sawa '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 22:04, 14 Aprili 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - Local prize winners == [[Faili:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023_logo.svg|center|frameless|550x550px]] :: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Congratulations on your remarkable achievement of winning a local prize in the '''Feminism and Folklore 2023''' writing competition! We greatly appreciate your valuable contribution and the effort you put into documenting your local Folk culture and Women on Wikipedia. To ensure you receive your prize, please take a moment to complete the preferences form before the 1st of July 2023. You can access the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdWlxDwI6UgtPXPfjQTbVjgnAYUMSYqShA5kEe4P4N5zwxaEw/viewform?usp=sf_link by clicking here]. We kindly request you to submit the form before the deadline to avoid any potential disappointments. If you have any questions or require further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us via talkpage or Email. We are more than happy to help. Best wishes, [[metawiki:Feminism and Folklore 2023|FNF 2023 International Team]] :::: Stay connected [[Faili:B&W_Facebook_icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[Faili:B&W_Twitter_icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] --'''[[Mtumiaji:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tiven2240|majadiliano]])''' 13:30, 10 Juni 2023 (UTC) == Organizer Tools Office Hours & Event Discovery Project == ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') <small> {{int:please-translate}} </small>. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are: We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours & upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:''' *'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''') **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili *'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili '''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''. This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''. ; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:54, 24 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <small>You are receiving this message because you subscribed to this [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|list]]</small> <!-- Message sent by User:EUwandu-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=25632558 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Group photo - Edu Wiki conference 2023, Belgrade, Serbia.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Group photo of the 2023 EduWiki Conference in Belgrade, organized by Wikipedia & Education User Group]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;"> '''Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Recognition_and_Derecognition|Recognition of Cyprus, Botswana, Niger, and Telugu user groups]] '''Affiliate Activities Report''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Activities_Report|Reports from Belgium, South African, and Ukrainian chapters]] '''AffCom Movement Contribution''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement with the new Affiliates Strategy and Movement Charter drafts]] '''AffCom Administration''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Administration|New AffCom members and advisors]] </div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:56, 18 Aprili 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=26293156 --> == Ukumbusho kuhusu kupiga kura sasa ili kuchagua washiriki wa U4C ya awamu ya kwanza == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Unaweza kupata ujumbe huu ukiwa umetafsiriwa katika lugha za ziada kwenye Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ndugu Mwanawikimedia, Unapokea ujumbe huu kwa sababu hapo kabla uliwahi kushiriki katika mchakato wa UCoC. Huu ni ukumbusho kwamba kipindi cha kupiga kura kwa Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) kitamalizika tarehe 9 Mei 2024. Soma maelezo kwenye [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|ukurasa wa kupiga kura kwenye Meta- wiki]] ili kupata maelezo zaidi kuhusu upigaji kura na ustahiki wa mpiga kura. Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) ni kikundi cha kimataifa kilichojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Wanajamii walialikwa kutuma maombi yao kwa U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, tafadhali [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|pitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe wanajumuiya wenzako ili nao waweze kushiriki. Kwa niaba ya timu ya mradi wa UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 22:54, 2 Mei 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_3&oldid=26721208 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Wikimedia-Summit-2024-Friday-128.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom group photo at Wikimedia Summit 2024 in Berlin, Germany]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Updates: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Adoption of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Madagascar, Senegal, Republic of Congo, and Namibia user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Six active conflicts, no new reports for Q4]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia Summit and ESEAP Conference]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Administration|Officers elections and departing members]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at Wikimania 2024]] </div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 15:30, 15 Julai 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=27021225 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (July-September 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Wikimania 2024 - Lviv - Day 3 - AffCom meets community.webm|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at Wikimania 2024]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Implementation status of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Togo, Wayúu, and Singapore user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimania]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the officers elections]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at WikiIndaba and a strategy meetup]] Other Movement News: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Other_Movement_News|Regional conferences, mental health support, and new committee support inbox]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 15:55, 7 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=27273724 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (October-December 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Affiliations Committee 2024 05.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at its Strategic Retreat in Frankfurt]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Notes from the 2024 AffCom strategic retreat]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|User group application pause lifted]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue4_#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at WikiIndaba]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Mari Avetisyan appointed new AffCom secretary]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:04, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28060527 --> == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2025)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:WMB meeting in Belo Horizonte in 2023 (day 02) 059.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Wikimedia Brasil, the latest chapter to be recognized by AffCom]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;"> Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Brasil and four user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 5#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia+Libraries and Wikisource conferences]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Welcoming new AffCom voting and advisory members]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|AffCom at ESEAP Strategy Summit]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 01:30, 26 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28324741 --> == Faulty editings == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary_Lazarus&diff=1148956&oldid=1143252 PURE VANDALISM] - no wikilinks inside reference parameters! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-52117|&#126;2025-52117]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-52117|talk]]) 08:33, 4 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Dear 2025-52117, :Thank you for your reminder, and I appreciate your effort in reviewing the wiki pages. Just to clarify, the edits were made about four years ago, when I was still new to Wikipedia. At that time, I didn’t have much experience, so I may have made mistakes without realizing it. :In the meantime, I believe there is no need to use harsh language to criticize someone. Pointing out issues in a respectful manner would be more constructive. :Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:52, 4 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] Wakuongea kwa ustaarabu hao temp account? Utasubiri sana. Siwapendi hao temp kupita maelezo. Ni vile WMF imeamua lakini hapa kwetu wafungiwe tu. Wanatusumbua sana. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 20:55, 4 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::Sorry for being so upset! Don't ask - Don't tell!, After UNJUST losing of several "InternetBuddy" accounts to itchy meta sexual abuse hunters, I resort only to temporary accounts, 75% of them are mine. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-52533|&#126;2025-52533]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-52533|talk]]) 06:55, 5 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::[[Maalum:Michango/I_like_peace_and_quiet]], [[Maalum:Michango/I_like_quiet_and_peace]], [[Maalum:Michango/Norbilian]], [[Maalum:Michango/Nailibron]], and others, very same history, but at other times. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-52246|&#126;2025-52246]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-52246|talk]]) 07:57, 5 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::Naona kweli ni wasumbufu na wanatia kero kweli; kwetu huku hata wasiwepo tu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 22:32, 5 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::[https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polandi&diff=1414098&oldid=1414088 Real Annoyance]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-53157|&#126;2025-53157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-53157|talk]]) 08:17, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) ==[[Philip Mpango]]== Ndugu, kabla hujaanzisha makala uangalie kama ipo tayari ili uiongezee badala ya kufuta kazi ya wenzako. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:25, 22 Julai 2025 (UTC) :Ni kweli kabisa hilo ni sahihi na wakati mwingine takua makini zaidi kwenye hilo. : Nilipata ushawishi wa kuandika makala hiyo wakati napitia makala ya [[Siasa ya Tanzania]] kipengere cha Makamu wa Rais Philip Mpango ilikua nyekundu baada ya kuwekewa kiungo cha ndani, Nimekuja kugundua makala ipo tayari kwa utofauti wa kichwa cha jina wakati nataka kuunganisha na viungo vya lugha zingine. :Katika kufanya tathmini nipunguze ipi nikaona iliyokuepo tayari ilikua ni fupi sana. :Na sijajua hii tofauti inakuepo vipi? Mfano makala iliyokuepo kwa jina la "Filip Isdor Mpango" lakini ilipowekewa kiungo cha ndani kwa jina la "Philip Mpango" peke yake haikuonesha muunganiko wa moja kwa moja kama ilivyo kwenye makala zingine nyingi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:33, 22 Julai 2025 (UTC) ::Shida ni kwamba ulianzisha makala kwa kutegemea kipengele chekundu cha ukurasa uliokuwepo. Ungeanza mwenyewe kuandika jina yangetokea majina mengine ya kufanana, kama lile la makala ya awali. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:16, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :::Ni kweli kabisa, Shukrani sana kwa kunikumbusha katika hilo. Wakati mwingine nitakua nafanya tafiti kabla ya kuandika hata kama makala ina kipengere chekundu, ili kuepusha muingiliano kama huo. :::Tuko pamoja Mzee Riccardo katika kuimarisha maudhui kwenye wikipedia yetu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:45, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) == [[Maalum:Michango/Ternera]] == Obvious behavior akin to SOVIET COMMISSAR, [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-32681-1]] was OK! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-33265-3|&#126;2025-33265-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-33265-3|talk]]) 19:45, 4 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2025)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:MNL25 - day one 08.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at the ESEAP Strategy Summit 2025 in Manila, the Philippines]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Aotearoa New Zealand and Assamese Wikimedia Community User Group]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 6#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at the ESEAP Strategy Summit]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the AffCom officers election]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|Meet AffCom at Wikimania]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 06:25, 5 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28820920 --> == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:54, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ==Grass Wonder== Ndugu, huyo alikuwa farasi, si mwanamichezo. Pole na amani kwako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:44, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Asante kwa kuliona hilo, nilichanganya maudhui '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:23, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ==Kimwali mmbaga== Ndugu, samahani tena, naona umekuwa mkali mno kwa mchangiaji huyo mwenye bidii. Hata wiki moja ilikuwa adhabu kubwa mno, sasa umerefusha hadi mwaka mzima! Naomba umfikirie upya. Makosa yake si makubwa vile! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:58, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Huyu ndugu Kimwali mmbaga, ni kweli kabisa ni mchangiaji mzuri na mwenye bidii. Lakini hivi karibuni amechapisha makala nyingi, Katika kufanya doria kwenye makala nimepitia makala zake nimeona nyingi ni kama tafsiri ya kompyuta na hii ni kwa sababu kuna mashindano ya uandishi sijui?. Hivyo nikaanza na baadhi kuanza kufanya marekebisho. :Sasa katika hali ya kujenga na kuelimishana nikamuandikia ujumbe kwenye ukurasa wake wa [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Kimwali_mmbaga|majadiliano]], kwani niliona bado anazidi kuchapisha makala nyingi zenye makosa yale yale. Nikatoa mfamo wa makosa yenyewe na kumuomba asifanye chapisho jipya lolote kwa muda ule ili kufanya marejeo na marekebisho katika makala alizochapisha kwanza. :Ndugu Kimwali alipuuza na kuendelea na machapisho yenye makosa yale yale. Hivyo kwa namna hiyo inakua inavunja moyo kwa wanaopitia kufanya marekebisho na wengine wanarudia makosa yale yale kuongeza mzigo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:06, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Kuomba kufunguliwa akaunti == Habari, Ninaomba kufunguliwa akaunti yangu na ninaahidi kutokutimia tafsiri ya kompyuta kutengeneza makala. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jolvin Joel|Jolvin Joel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jolvin Joel|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 10 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Salaam ndugu, :Asante kwa ujumbe, na umepokelelewa. Kutumia programu za kusaidia tafsiri kama google translater na zingine nyingi sio kosa kwani inarahisisha kazi. Lakini programu hizo nyingi si kamilifu sana katika kutoa kiswahili kizuri, hivyo inahitaji jitahada za ziada katika kufanya marekebisho ya kiumbo ili kiswahili kiwe sawa sawa. :Pamoja katika kuijenga Wikipedia yetu, Sasa umefunguliwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:27, 10 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Kiswenglish == See [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Utoaji_mimba_wa_kuchagua_jinsia&diff=1417305&oldid=1417303 this], thy revert is WRONG, this is SWAHILI not ENGLISH. '''[[Mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|Donna Wanyama]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|majadiliano]])''' 17:34, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Ni sahihi lakini kigezo hiko hakipo, hivyo [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigezo:Reflist kigezo hiki kilichopo] ndio kinatumika kama kilivyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:06, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Always there was <nowiki>{{marejeo}}</nowiki> as alias for <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>. '''[[Mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|Donna Wanyama]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|majadiliano]])''' 18:24, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Sawa as long as ni back-end ikiwa <nowiki>{{marejeo}}</nowiki>, "<nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>" au "<reference>" vyote vinafanya kazi bila kuhaathiri muundo wa makala, nadhani hakuna shida ndugu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:18, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:At Wikimania 2025 127.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at Wikimania 2025 in Nairobi, Kenya]]<br> <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Georgia: recognized & announced September 2025]] Recognition Status Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Recognition Status Report|Updates of affiliate applications]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 7#AffCom at WikiConference North America|AffCom at WikiConference North America]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem|AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem]] AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Administrative Updates|AffCom at Wikimania]]</div> </div> Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025) <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|This newsletter is best translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]</div><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:11, 13 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Buszmail@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=29907013 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wikimedian, We thank you for taking an initiative to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;Checklist for Organizers Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us in upcoming office hours We look forward to your presence in the upcoming office hours where the community and the international Team can interact with each other and know more about the contest. resister yourself for the [[:m:Event:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 Office Hours|office hours event]]. Thank you and all the best, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:30, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf26&oldid=29948401 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 – Community Organisers & Jury == Hello {{PAGENAME}}!, Thank you for taking the lead in organising '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' in your community. We truly appreciate your efforts! To ensure a smooth and successful campaign, please make sure you have: * Fully completed all details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2026 Project Page]]: * Started promoting the campaign within your community. * Requested a local administrator to place a '''sitenotice''' about the campaign so users are notified. * Used the '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/fnf/ Article List Generator Tool]''' and shared the generated article lists with your community. === Internet & Childcare Support === Community organisers and jury members who require '''internet and childcare support''' (non-mandatory, opt-in, request-only support) should fill the support request form '''by 22 February 2026'''. '''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeutXEF1yTnJfExWUYPIf6SkhcnTgul07BeI-biqT4RE_vsrA/viewform Link to the form]''' Requests submitted after this date will not be entertained. === Important Participation Guidelines === * Minimum article size: '''3000 bytes and 300 words''' (final decision may be set by local organisers). * If your country is not listed on the Article list generator tool, please contact us. === Community Engagement === * Keep your community active and motivated throughout the campaign. * Share your achievements and notable articles with us so we can highlight them globally. * In the support form, please indicate if you would like a '''quick coordination call after the campaign'''. Let’s make '''Feminism and Folklore''', under the banner of '''#WeTogether''', help bridge the '''gender gap''' and '''folklore gap''' on Wikipedia worldwide. 🌍✊ Thank you for your collaboration! ''If someone from your community organisers or jury has missed this message feel free to share this message with them.'' Feminism and Folklore International Team. –'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 05:17, 16 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf26&oldid=30083330 --> ==Kufuta makala== Ndugu, naona unapenda sana kufuta makala badala ya kuzifanyia kazi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 05:29, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Salaam Mzee Riccardo :Nafanya marekebisho sana, lakini makosa yanarudiwa yale yale na waandishi wale wale, baadhi ya makala zinakua mbaya zaidi na ni ndefu sana kiasi kwamba ni ngumu kuifanyia marekebisho, na mwadishi mwenyewe anakua ameitelekeza bila ya marekebisho yeyote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:36, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Next Steps and Feedback meeting for Feminism and Folklore Organizers == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge; padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="padding: 1em 2em;"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> Dear Organizer, I hope this message finds you well. First and foremost, on behalf of the International Team I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause. As the campaign has ended I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|sign-up page]]. Once the jury process is completed, kindly update only the top 3 winners details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2026'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on campaign Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed. Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, we kindly ask you to spare just an hour to collectively share your progress and achievements with us during our '''[[:m:Event:Feminism and Folklore 2026 Post-Campaign Office Hour|community feedback session]]'''. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful. Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon. Warm regards, [[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]] on behalf of Feminism and Folklore International Team <nowiki>#WeTogether</nowiki> </div></div> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 11:57, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf26&oldid=30391231 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <!-- == Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) == --> <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. [[File:AffCom_and_GRDC_members_at_APP_meeting,_Lisbon_2026_01_(cropped).jpg|220px|right|thumb|AffCom and GRDC members at APP meeting, Lisbon, Portugal]] <div style="column-count:1;"> Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|This past quarter, AffCom recognized no new Affiliates due to the pause in recognizing new affiliates.]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#AffCom Conflict Intervention|AffCom is currently addressing eight ongoing affiliate conflict cases received in previous quarters.]] Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension|The Wikimedia Foundation, together with the AffCom, has extended the pause on new affiliate recognition until September 1, 2026.]] New Affiliate Model Development Efforts: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#New Affiliate Model Development Efforts|The Affiliations Committee held collaborative meetings with the Global Resource Distribution Committee (GRDC) to explore the development of a new affiliations model.]] Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: Updates on the Movement Organizations Pilot, GRDC, and AffCom|Two major pilot initiatives were launched to address long-standing questions about the roles of movement organizations and the future of resource allocation.]] <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]</div><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:50, 03 May 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Buszmail@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=30057452 --> ==Uislamu== Ndugu, hongera kwa juhudi zako, ila nimeona ukurasa mpya kuhusu Mitume katika Uislamu wakati kulikuwa na nyingine kuhusu Mitume na Manabii katika Uislamu. Ni lazima zibaki mbili au zinaweza kuuunganishwa? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:21, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) lz6spkeb3grxo0e0mc3fy02e7awaern 1547790 1547681 2026-05-21T17:39:20Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 /* Uislamu */ Jibu 1547790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{karibu}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:30, 19 Desemba 2020 (UTC) ==Kuhusu Uhariri== Habari ndugu Anuary Rajabu Hongera sana kwa jitihada zako za kuhariri katika Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, jaribu kupitia sana ukurasa wa mabadiliko ya karibuni ili kuweza kuona baadhi ya makala zako na namna zinavyoendelea kuboreshwa, na utumie maboresho hayo katika makala zako nyingine. Amani sana kwako. Idd ninga'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 22:58, 23 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Volkeno== Ndugu naona tunaingiliana kwenye makala kuhusu [[Chamko la volkeno]]. Sijamaliza bado. Ushauri ni: uangalie historia ya makala; kama imehaririwa dakika chache zilizopita, kuna uwezekano mhariri bado anaendelea.. Kwa hiyo heri kusibiri hadi kesho. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 20:05, 25 Mei 2021 (UTC) :Ooh Sawa kiongozi nimekuelwa Samahani kwa hilo, Nitafanya hivo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 22:17, 25 Mei 2021 (UTC) ==Jina la Mtu== Salamu Anuary Rajabu Unaweza kuangalia katika makala zako zenye majina ya watu na kuona baadhi ya mabadiliko hasa ya masahihisho ya jina, kwa kawaida unapoandika jina la mtu inafaa kabisa jina liandikwe kwa herufi kubwa badala ya ndogo, unaweza kuona namna majina ya makala zako yalivyobadilishwa, hongera kwa juhudi unazofanya, endelea kujifunza zaidi, [[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]]) == Nimekuzuia siku 3 == Ndugu, uliondoa vigezo vya umaarufu, vyanz na futa kutoka ukurasa wa [[Melody Mbassa]], bila maelezo yoyote. Hapa umeingilia katika kazi ya usimamizi wa wikipedia hii. Nimekuzuia sasa kwa siku 3, huwezi kuhariri kwa siku hizo. Unaweza kujieleza kwenye ukurasa huu hapa. Ukiweza kutaja sababu zinazoeleweka naweza kuondoa kizuizi.'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 08:41, 28 Mei 2021 (UTC) Naomba kusamehewa,nilikua sijui kuhusu hilo lakini kwa kuwa kiongozi wangu ameweza kunielekeza kuhusu hilo, sitoweza kufanya hivo tena kwani mie sio mjuzi sana katika uhariri wa makala. Hivo nimeweza kujifunza. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 09:07, 28 Mei 2021 (UTC) :Asante kwa kujibu. Nimekufungua. Ila bado hujasema kwa nini uliondoa vigezo vile? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 18:57, 28 Mei 2021 (UTC) == Can you help me correct an article? Thank you! == Hello, {{Ping|Anuary Rajabu}}! I wrote an article on Andrea Benetti, a well-known Italian artist https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Benetti_(artist). I used the automatic translator to make a draft https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtumiaji:BarbaraLuciano13 . Could you help me correct the text and add the infobox with the photo at the beginning and the categories at the bottom? Unfortunately I don't know the language and I am not able to do it ... Thanks for what you can do, see you soon, --'''[[Mtumiaji:BarbaraLuciano13|BarbaraLuciano13]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:BarbaraLuciano13|majadiliano]])''' 09:11, 19 Juni 2021 (UTC) ==Marekebisho== Salamu Anuary, tazama katika makala hii hapa https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entisar_Elsaeed kuna sehemu umeandika kuwa Entisari ni mwanaharakati wa kutetea Wanawake, lakini katika makala hii ukasema kuwa Elsaeed na taasisi yake walilenga katika kuongeza unyanyasaji wa wanawake majumbani, nafikiri kuwa ulitaka kuandika kupunguza, sasa cha kufanya pitia makala yake ni kuifanyia marekebishom, tazama katika makala ya kiingereza nini kilichoandikwa,Amani sana'''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 18:34, 9 Machi 2022 (UTC) :sawa kiongozi nimeelewa nitafanya hivyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:47, 10 Machi 2022 (UTC) ==Hongera== Anuary naona siku hizi unaleta michango mingi yenye thamani. Naona umeshika vizuri fomati ya wikipedia. Nakupa Hongera! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:59, 16 Machi 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 11:34, 16 Machi 2022 (UTC) ::Pamoja na pongezi, naomba uangalie makala zenyewe: kweli tunahitaji kutetea ushoga? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 08:13, 29 Machi 2022 (UTC) :::Asante kwa kufanyia doria makala nyingi. Mimi nimezidiwa. Ila naomba uondoe tanbihi za Wikipedia ya Kiingereza na hasa jamii nyingi mno. Unakuta makala ya mwanamuziki wa Nigeria ina jamii:Sanaa ya Afrika! kama si Jamii:Afrika! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 09:14, 4 Mei 2022 (UTC) ::::Asante sana, nitajitahidi kufanya hivyo. Amani iwe nasi sote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:31, 4 Mei 2022 (UTC) == JAMII za Muziki Aziingiliani na michezo == Amani kwako ndugu, kuwa makini wakati unachagua jamii ya kuweka kwenye makala,acha kuunganisha jamii ya muziki na makala za mchezo wa Mpira wa miguu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 19:41, 14 Mei 2022 (UTC) :Asante kwa ukumbusho nadhani ni suala la kujisahau tu katika ukopiji wa jamii wakati wa kuchapisha makala, hivo nitazipitia makala zangu zote ili kurekebisha makosa hayo. Amani iwe nasi sote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:54, 14 Mei 2022 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2022 - Local prize winners == <div style="border:8px brown ridge;padding:6px;> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Congratulations for winning a local prize in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competition. Thank you for your contribution and documenting your local folk culture on Wikipedia. Please fill in your preferences before 15th of June 2022 to receive your prize. Requesting you to fill [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] before the deadline to avoid disappointments. Feel free to [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Contact Us|contact us]] if you need any assistance or further queries. Best wishes, [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|FNF 2022 International Team]] ::::Stay connected [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 22 Mei 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=23312270 --> == Reminder to provide information - Feminism and Folklore 2022 == Dear User The Google form to submit information of winners during the 2022 edition of Feminism and Folklore 2022 end on 10th of June 2022. Please be informed that you will loose your prize once the deadline for sending information ends. We humbly urge you to kindly fill the form using [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this link] as soon as possible. Feel free to contact us on mail or talkpage if you have any difficulties. Thank you for understanding! Regards International Team Feminism and Folklore 2022 '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:38, 5 Juni 2022 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf&oldid=23364696 --> == Mipira ya samaki == Salamu Anuary. Ukichangia makala unafuata mabadiliko katika makala haya na kusoma majadiliano yake? Niliweka maoni yangu na swali kwenye [[Majadiliano:Mipira ya samaki]] (angalia hapo chini). Bado ninangoja jibu lako. Mipira wa samaki ni tafsiri isiyofaa kwa "fish balls". Maana ya mpira kwanza ni "rubber", kwa hivyo ikiwa maana yake ni "ball" hiyo ball ni aina ya rubber au labda ya plastiki. Kwa ujumla, "food ball" ni tonge kwa Kiswahili, au kitonge ikiwa ni dogo. "Meat ball" ni kababu, kwa hivyo labda tutumie hii kwa "fish ball" pia. Mnapendelea neno gani? '''[[Mtumiaji:ChriKo|ChriKo]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChriKo|majadiliano]])''' 06:00, 22 Juni 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana Chriko kwa ukumbusho wako mzuri, hakika kweli Mipira ya samaki sio tafsiri thabiti ya "fish ball", hivyo katika kuchangia kwangu uhariri wa makala hiyo sikuweza kupitia huo ujumbe wako ulioacha. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 02:16, 23 Juni 2022 (UTC) == Tena jamii == Asante kwa kutekeleza masahihisho. Sasa mfano wa [[Alfred Dan Moussa]]. Umemweka kwa "Wanahabari wa Cote d'Ivoire" PIA "Watu wa Cote d'Ivoire". Hii ya pili ni bure. "Wanahabari wa Cote d'Ivoire" umeanzisha kama jamii mpya, sasa unahitaji kufungua ukurasa wake (bofya jina jekundu tu) na ndani yake unaandika (katika mabano mraba) "Watu wa Cote Cote d'Ivoire" halafu pia jamii husika ya wanahabari. Uitafute tu, utakuta jina tofauti kidogo "Jamii:Waandishi wa habari". '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 20:52, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC) :Ahsante sana kwa ukumbusho wako mzuri, lakini makala hii sikuianzisha mimi, hivo mie nimefanya masahihisho tu katika makala. :Pia katika suala la kuongeza, kupunguza na masahihisho ya jamii niliogopa kuingilia majukumu ndio maana niliacha kama nilivyokuta, kwani nafahamu hilo ni jukumu la mkabidhi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 05:02, 27 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==[[Sage Steele]]== Ndugu, hongera kwa juhudi zako. Ila unapotaka kuchangia ukurasa fulani, usianze na moja. Kwa mfano huo hapo juu ulikata viungo na maandishi mazuri. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:07, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) :ukarasa huo ulikua hauna vyanzo na pia baadhi ya maudhui yalikua hayaendani na makala ya kiingereza, hivo ndio nilikua najaribu kuongeza vyanzo kwa kuanza kuandika upya, lakini baadhi ya vitu kama jamii na picha nimerejesha kama awali ilivyokua. :Unaweza kuupitia sasa hivi ukaona. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 06:16, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) ::Sawasawa, ila kumbuka si lazima ukurasa wa Kiswahili ufanane na ule wa Kiingereza! Kwa mfano kwa Kiswahili nadhani hatusemi sana "mtangazaji mwanamke" bali ni "mwanamke mtangazaji" au "mtangazaji wa kike". Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 06:52, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) :::Ahsante sana kwa kunipatia uelewa ambao nilikua sina hapo awali, hivo nitayafanyia kazi yote haya kuhakikisha kuwa makala zinakua bora zaidi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 07:00, 31 Julai 2022 (UTC) ==Kukaribisha watumiaji wapya== Habari nimeona umefanya kazi sana kuwakaribisha waliojiandikisha, asante sana!! Ila sasa naona umeanza kukaribisha pia URL. Sitaki kukuzuia, ukiwa nba muda mwingi endelea tu. Ila tu faida yake si kubwa sana. Maana wengi wanaingia kwa [[URL]] tofautitofauti zinazoweza kubadilika. Hapo ni sababu kwa kawaida hatuifanyi. Ila ni chaguo lako. [[Maalum:Michango/2003:CE:6730:1F01:2C97:DBF6:8B7:A19|2003:CE:6730:1F01:2C97:DBF6:8B7:A19]] 12:47, 16 Agosti 2022 (UTC) ::Kumbe safari hii nilingia pia kwa URL fulani ! '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:49, 16 Agosti 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana kwa kunikumbusha na kunielekeza hapa nimeelewa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:34, 16 Agosti 2022 (UTC) == Kuongeza jamii == Habari, naona umeongeza jamii kwenye makala zilizokosa jamii za maana (zote zilipangwa chini ya "amani" pekee, ambayo haisiaidii kitu. Ila umeweka "mbegu za watu" ambayo haisaidii vilevile (ningependa kuifuta lakini ziko nyingi mno tayari, heri tuache kuitumia). Maana kusudi la jamii ni kuainisha makala na kupanga makala ambazo mada zinafanana. Njia bora ni kuona kama makala iko kwenye enwiki na kuchagua jamii za huko; hii inahitaji muda kidogo maana unahitaji kupeleleza kwanza kama jamii iko kwa Kiswahili, halafu utaitumia, au unaanza jamii mpya. Kwa vyote tazama [[Msaada:Jamii]]. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 10:42, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) :Asante ndugu Kipala kwa kunielekeza kile ambacho nilikua sikifahamu hapo awali, lakini sasa nimefahamu hivyo sitofanya hivyo tena na nitajaribu kuzipitia makala zote ambazo niliziwekea jamii hiyo na wakati mwingine takua mdadisi kwanza kabla ya kuweka jamii husika. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:24, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) ::Asante kwa jibu zuri. Sitaki kukusumbua nafurahi kamba unajifunza haraka na kuboresha wikipedia yetu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:24, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) :::Asante sana. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:29, 20 Agosti 2022 (UTC) ==Tafadhali uwe macho makala zilizotafsiriwa kwa kompyuta== Habari naona ulijitahidi kusahihisha makala kadhaa ambazo niliangalia baadaye na kuzipendekeza kwa ufutaji (k.v. [[Itifaki ya Mitandao ya Kijamii iliyosambazwa]], [[Ufahamu wa mazingira]]. Ukiona matini ni vigumu nashukuru ukihakikisha kama ni tafsiri ya kompyuta. Wengine kama Mwambashi901 hawaonyeshi interwiki; mara nyingi ni rahisi kutambua makala ya enwiki waliyojaribu kutafsri, kwa kumwaga jina la makala katika google translate (maana huko walichukua jina). Mimi hutumia google translate kutafsiri sehemu ya kwanza kutoka enwiki kwenda sw, halafu nalinganisha kwenye ukurasa wa word pande zote kandokando (natumia jeswali). Nikiona A) matini imepokelewa neno kwa neno kutoka google, na B) Kiswahili kina kasoro, makosa au hakieleweki, ninaamua kama naweza kuisahihisha (au kama ninapenda kutumia muda wangu kwa jambo hili) halafu C) ama ninasahihisha au D) ninabandika kigezo cha <nowiki>{{futa}}</nowiki> na kuandikisha makala katika orodha ya [[Wikipedia:Makala kwa ufutaji]] (kwa kubofya link yake), ambako mwingine ataiangalia na kuamua. Kwa jumla uone [[Msaada:Tafsiri_ya_kompyuta]]. Nitashukuru ukiweza kusaidia kutambua makala zenye lugha na tafsiri mbaya. Tumepata idadi kubwa ya makala kupitia google translate na tokeo lake ni kweli hatari kwa ajili ya wikipedia hiyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:16, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana kwa maelekezo yako na nimekuelewa vizuri sana, hivyo kuanzia sasa tajitahidi niwe napitia vema makala hasa za watumiaji wapya ambao ndio wanaanza kachangia katika Wikipedia ya kiswahili na pia baadhi ya watumiaji wengine ambapo makala zao zinakua na dalili ya kutungwa na kompyuta na makosa mengine mbalimbali. :Lakini pia naomba kujua je, nikikutana na makala yenye dalili ya kutungwa na kompyuta nina ruhusiwa pia kuweka alama ya "Tafsiri ya Kompyuta" au hiyo inaruhusiwa kwa "Wakabidhi" tu? '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:03, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) ::ukiona dalili weka alama tu. Pia pendekezo la "futa". Maazimo ya baadaye yatachukuliwa na wakabidhi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 12:20, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) :::Sawa asante sana nimeelewa nitajitahidi kuwa nafanya hivyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:57, 8 Septemba 2022 (UTC) == Dead links == Habari, asante kwa kusafisha dead links. Kwa jumla si vibaya tukichungulia kama hiyo link imehamishwa kabla ya kufuta tu. Wakati mwingine inasadia kutafuta kwa google jina la makala inayotajwa . ---- Pamoja na hayo je umeshapiga kura ukurasa wa Jumuiya? '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 13:47, 9 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :Asante sana kwa kuniewesha kwani hapo awali nilijua hazina maana yoyote, sasa nimeelewa. Ndio kura nimeshapiga tayari kwenye ukurasa wa Jumuiya. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:57, 9 Novemba 2022 (UTC) ::Samahani kwa kuingilia majadiliano hayo, mimi pia najitahidi kuondoa dead links, kumbe ni afadhali tuziache? Amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:58, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :::Bila ya samahani, hakika asante sana kwa kuchangia, kwa mujibu wa ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ni afadhali tuziache au kabla ya kuifuta ni bora kuichungulia kwanza kama haijahamishwa '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:17, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) ::::Ushauri wangu ni: kama ziko bure, tuzifute tu. Lakini mimi naona mara kadhaa marejeo yaleyale yanapatikana kwa anwani tofauti, nikitafuta jina la faili katika google. Inachukua muda zaidi kuchungulia, kwa hiyo kila mmoja anapaswa kuamua mwenyewe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 19:06, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :::::Sawa sawa hapo nimeelewa na hata ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] natumaini nayeye ameelewa labda kama analo la kuongezea. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 19:24, 11 Novemba 2022 (UTC) == Sending regards and few questions to ask... == Hello, if I may I will shift to Kiswahili. Ni kwamba asante kwa ukaribisho Mzuri kutoka juu na pia ya kuongeza asante hata kwa university wikimedians kwa kunipa nafasi ya kujiunga katika platform hii ya wikipedia... Niko ma swali, mona ni kwamba inakuaje kama nitahitaji kuweka picha na hio picha haipo kwenye platform yeyote ya wikipedia but only inapatikana kwenye mtandao mara nyingine kwenye tovuti kuu husina inayoshikiria hati miliki. Na pili nimeweza kuweka picha pamoja na taarifa kwa kiufupi kama inavoonekana kwenye makala za watu au makampuni. Ni hayo tu, Shukran sana na nitakua pamoja na nyie. Denis R. John [[Maalum:Michango/196.249.97.46|196.249.97.46]] 19:29, 27 Novemba 2022 (UTC) :Salaam ndugu, :Asante sana kwa swali lako zuri na karibu sana kwenye Wikipedia ya kiswahili, hivyo kwa mujibu wa taratibu za Wikipedia huzingatia sana faragha za mtu binafsi, kwahivyo huruhusiwi kuchukua picha ya kitu au mtu au media yeyote kutoka kwenye nyenzo zingine au mitandao ya kijamii na kuweza kuitumia kwenye makala za wikipedia bila ya ridhaa ya mmiliki husika. :Na ili kuweza kutumia picha husika kwenye makala za wikipedia, kwanza kabisa inakupasa kuipakia kwenye jukwaa la Wikimedia Commons kwa kuzingatia taratibu zote za faragha za mmiliki wa picha au media husika au kama picha au media hiyo uliipiga au kuandaa wewe mwenyewe pia bila ya kupitia huko kwenye nyenzo zingine au mitandao ya kijamii. :Asante,amani kwako. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 30 Novemba 2022 (UTC) == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating these pages in your languages would be highly appreciated. Currently the following pages are available for translation: *[[wikimania:2023:Contact]] *[[wikimania:2023:Expo space]] *[[wikimania:2023:Glossary]] *[[wikimania:2023:Ideas]] *[[wikimania:2023:Ideas/Globe]] *[[wikimania:2023:Organizers]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program]] *[[wikimania:2023:Travel]] *[[wikimania:2023:Updates]] *[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer]] *[[wikimania:2023:Volunteer signup]] *[[wikimania:2023:Wikimania]] *[[wikimania:Template:Wikimania 2023 header]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[<tvar name="mass-delivery">Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery</tvar>|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:14, 28 Desemba 2022 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24285311 --> == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. We already have a few pages related to Wikimania 2023 available for translation on Wikimania wiki. Your help with translating the following pages in your languages would be highly appreciated: *[[wikimania:2023:Health]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Questions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/FAQ]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Samples]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarships/Travel Scholarship application]] *[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Tech Subcommittee/Request for Proposal]] *[[wikimania:2023:Visas]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 14:50, 22 Januari 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24413464 --> :Habari '''[[Mtumiaji:SISTY MUSHISA|SISTY MUSHISA]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SISTY MUSHISA|majadiliano]])''' 11:26, 17 Februari 2023 (UTC) == Translations for Wikimania 2023 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hi {{ROOTPAGENAME}}, You are receiving this notification because you have listed yourself as a volunteer for Wikimania 2023 either [[m:Wikimania 2023/Volunteers|on Meta]] or [[wikimania:2023:Volunteer|on Wikimania wiki]] or because you have [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|subscribed on Meta]]. Your help with translating the following pages on Wikimania wiki in your languages would be highly appreciated: *[[wikimania:2023:Attendees]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/FAQ]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/Form Questions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions]] *[[wikimania:2023:Satellite events]] *[[wikimania:2023:Scholarship Subcommittee]] *[[wikimania:2023:Socialize]] *[[wikimania:2023:Travel Coordination]] If you do not want to reiceive further notifications about pages related to Wikimania 2023, which are available for translation, you may remove your name from [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimania 2023 translations|this list]]. Thanks for your help! --[[User:Ameisenigel|Ameisenigel]] ([[User talk:Ameisenigel|talk]]) <small>This message was delivered through [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]</small> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 09:40, 4 Machi 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ameisenigel@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimania_2023_translations&oldid=24656834 --> ==Makala kuhusu Analog Pussy== Ndugu nmeona pitio lako katika makala hii https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Pussy,na ningependa kujua je kundi la muziki lenye kufanya kazi za muziki sindo kundi la wanamuziki?,ningependa kujua juu ya hilo ili makosa kama hayo yasijirudie. Amami sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 19:33, 14 Aprili 2023 (UTC) :Yote ni sahihi lakini tukisema kundi la wanamuziki, hapo naona inakua inaleta maana nzuri zaidi kwa sababu inajumuisha muunganiko wa watu fulani kwenye kazi ya muziki, kuliko tukisema kundi la muziki (ambapo hapa mwingine anaweza kufafanua kama mjumuisho wa aina fulani za muziki n.k) '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:29, 14 Aprili 2023 (UTC) :Sawa sawa '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 22:04, 14 Aprili 2023 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2023 - Local prize winners == [[Faili:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023_logo.svg|center|frameless|550x550px]] :: <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"></div> ''{{int:please-translate}}'' Congratulations on your remarkable achievement of winning a local prize in the '''Feminism and Folklore 2023''' writing competition! We greatly appreciate your valuable contribution and the effort you put into documenting your local Folk culture and Women on Wikipedia. To ensure you receive your prize, please take a moment to complete the preferences form before the 1st of July 2023. You can access the form [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdWlxDwI6UgtPXPfjQTbVjgnAYUMSYqShA5kEe4P4N5zwxaEw/viewform?usp=sf_link by clicking here]. We kindly request you to submit the form before the deadline to avoid any potential disappointments. If you have any questions or require further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us via talkpage or Email. We are more than happy to help. Best wishes, [[metawiki:Feminism and Folklore 2023|FNF 2023 International Team]] :::: Stay connected [[Faili:B&W_Facebook_icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[Faili:B&W_Twitter_icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] --'''[[Mtumiaji:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tiven2240|majadiliano]])''' 13:30, 10 Juni 2023 (UTC) == Organizer Tools Office Hours & Event Discovery Project == ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/fr|Lire ce message en français]])'''; ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/es|Ver este mensaje en español]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/sw|Angalia ujumbe huu kwa Kiswahili]]'''); ('''[[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Update 5/ar|إقرأ هذه الرسالة بالعربي]]''') <small> {{int:please-translate}} </small>. [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team|The Campaigns team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation has some updates to share with you, which are: We invite you to attend our upcoming community office hours to learn about organizer tools, including the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration|Event registration tool]] (which has [[m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Registration#September 18, 2023: October office hours & upcoming features|new and upcoming features]]). '''The office hours are on the following dates, and you can join one or both of them:''' *'''Saturday, October 7 at 12:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session A|Register here]]''') **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Swahili *'''Tuesday, October 10 at 18:00 UTC''' ('''[[m:Event:Organizer Tools Office Hour 5/Session B|Register here]]'''). **Languages available: Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Swahili '''We have launched a new project: [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|Event Discovery]]'''. This project aims to make it easier for editors to learn about campaign events. '''We need your help to understand how you would like to discover events on the wikis, so that we can create a useful solution. Please share your feedback on our [[m:Talk:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event Discovery|project talk page]]'''. ; Thank you, and we hope to see you at the upcoming office hours! [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 19:54, 24 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <small>You are receiving this message because you subscribed to this [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Subscribers|list]]</small> <!-- Message sent by User:EUwandu-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Subscribers&oldid=25632558 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Group photo - Edu Wiki conference 2023, Belgrade, Serbia.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Group photo of the 2023 EduWiki Conference in Belgrade, organized by Wikipedia & Education User Group]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;"> '''Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Recognition_and_Derecognition|Recognition of Cyprus, Botswana, Niger, and Telugu user groups]] '''Affiliate Activities Report''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#Affiliate_Activities_Report|Reports from Belgium, South African, and Ukrainian chapters]] '''AffCom Movement Contribution''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement with the new Affiliates Strategy and Movement Charter drafts]] '''AffCom Administration''': [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_1#AffCom_Administration|New AffCom members and advisors]] </div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 12:56, 18 Aprili 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=26293156 --> == Ukumbusho kuhusu kupiga kura sasa ili kuchagua washiriki wa U4C ya awamu ya kwanza == <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder|Unaweza kupata ujumbe huu ukiwa umetafsiriwa katika lugha za ziada kwenye Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote reminder}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Ndugu Mwanawikimedia, Unapokea ujumbe huu kwa sababu hapo kabla uliwahi kushiriki katika mchakato wa UCoC. Huu ni ukumbusho kwamba kipindi cha kupiga kura kwa Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) kitamalizika tarehe 9 Mei 2024. Soma maelezo kwenye [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|ukurasa wa kupiga kura kwenye Meta- wiki]] ili kupata maelezo zaidi kuhusu upigaji kura na ustahiki wa mpiga kura. Kamati ya Kuratibu Mwongozo wa Kimataifa wa Mwenendo na Maadili (U4C) ni kikundi cha kimataifa kilichojitolea kutoa utekelezaji sawa na thabiti wa UCoC. Wanajamii walialikwa kutuma maombi yao kwa U4C. Kwa maelezo zaidi na majukumu ya U4C, tafadhali [[Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|pitia Mkataba wa U4C]]. Tafadhali washirikishe ujumbe wanajumuiya wenzako ili nao waweze kushiriki. Kwa niaba ya timu ya mradi wa UCoC,<section end="announcement-content" /> [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 22:54, 2 Mei 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024/Previous_voters_list_3&oldid=26721208 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Wikimedia-Summit-2024-Friday-128.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom group photo at Wikimedia Summit 2024 in Berlin, Germany]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 2}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Updates: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Adoption of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Madagascar, Senegal, Republic of Congo, and Namibia user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Six active conflicts, no new reports for Q4]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia Summit and ESEAP Conference]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#AffCom_Administration|Officers elections and departing members]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_2#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at Wikimania 2024]] </div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 15:30, 15 Julai 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=27021225 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (July-September 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Wikimania 2024 - Lviv - Day 3 - AffCom meets community.webm|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at Wikimania 2024]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 3}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Implementation status of a new affiliate health criteria and changes to User Groups recognition process]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Togo, Wayúu, and Singapore user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimania]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the officers elections]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Upcoming AffCom Events|AffCom at WikiIndaba and a strategy meetup]] Other Movement News: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_3#Other_Movement_News|Regional conferences, mental health support, and new committee support inbox]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 1|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 15:55, 7 Oktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=27273724 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (October-December 2024)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:Affiliations Committee 2024 05.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at its Strategic Retreat in Frankfurt]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliates Strategy Update: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Strategy Updates|Notes from the 2024 AffCom strategic retreat]] Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|User group application pause lifted]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue4_#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at WikiIndaba]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_4#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Mari Avetisyan appointed new AffCom secretary]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 4|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 03:04, 5 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28060527 --> == Tungependa kusikia kuhusu uzoefu wako kuhusu Akaunti za Muda == <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo Utafiti huu hautachukua zaidi ya dakika 5 kukamilisha.]''' Timu ya Trust & Safety Product hivi karibuni iliunda [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|akaunti za muda]] zinapatikana kwenye miradi ya wiki 12. Kuna mipango ya kupanua hili kwa seti kubwa ya miradi ya wiki katika wiki na miezi ijayo, kisha kufuata mchakato wa kutekeleza kikamilifu baadaye mwaka huu. Ushiriki wako katika utafiti huu utakuwa na manufaa makubwa katika kutusaidia kuelewa jinsi Akaunti za Muda zinavyofanya kazi na kile tunachoweza kuboresha mbele. Sera ya faragha ya utafiti huu inaweza kuonwa [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|kupitia kiungo hiki]]. Kwa kumaliza utafiti huu, unakubali masharti yaliyoainishwa katika sera ya faragha. Asante!<section end="body"/> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">majadiliano</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Februari 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2025)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:WMB meeting in Belo Horizonte in 2023 (day 02) 059.jpg|256px|right|thumb|Wikimedia Brasil, the latest chapter to be recognized by AffCom]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;"> Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Brasil and four user groups]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 5#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at Wikimedia+Libraries and Wikisource conferences]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Welcoming new AffCom voting and advisory members]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_5#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|AffCom at ESEAP Strategy Summit]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 5|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 01:30, 26 Aprili 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28324741 --> == Faulty editings == [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary_Lazarus&diff=1148956&oldid=1143252 PURE VANDALISM] - no wikilinks inside reference parameters! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-52117|&#126;2025-52117]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-52117|talk]]) 08:33, 4 Mei 2025 (UTC) :Dear 2025-52117, :Thank you for your reminder, and I appreciate your effort in reviewing the wiki pages. Just to clarify, the edits were made about four years ago, when I was still new to Wikipedia. At that time, I didn’t have much experience, so I may have made mistakes without realizing it. :In the meantime, I believe there is no need to use harsh language to criticize someone. Pointing out issues in a respectful manner would be more constructive. :Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:52, 4 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] Wakuongea kwa ustaarabu hao temp account? Utasubiri sana. Siwapendi hao temp kupita maelezo. Ni vile WMF imeamua lakini hapa kwetu wafungiwe tu. Wanatusumbua sana. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 20:55, 4 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::Sorry for being so upset! Don't ask - Don't tell!, After UNJUST losing of several "InternetBuddy" accounts to itchy meta sexual abuse hunters, I resort only to temporary accounts, 75% of them are mine. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-52533|&#126;2025-52533]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-52533|talk]]) 06:55, 5 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::[[Maalum:Michango/I_like_peace_and_quiet]], [[Maalum:Michango/I_like_quiet_and_peace]], [[Maalum:Michango/Norbilian]], [[Maalum:Michango/Nailibron]], and others, very same history, but at other times. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-52246|&#126;2025-52246]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-52246|talk]]) 07:57, 5 Mei 2025 (UTC) ::::Naona kweli ni wasumbufu na wanatia kero kweli; kwetu huku hata wasiwepo tu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 22:32, 5 Mei 2025 (UTC) :::::[https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polandi&diff=1414098&oldid=1414088 Real Annoyance]. [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-53157|&#126;2025-53157]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-53157|talk]]) 08:17, 6 Mei 2025 (UTC) ==[[Philip Mpango]]== Ndugu, kabla hujaanzisha makala uangalie kama ipo tayari ili uiongezee badala ya kufuta kazi ya wenzako. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 11:25, 22 Julai 2025 (UTC) :Ni kweli kabisa hilo ni sahihi na wakati mwingine takua makini zaidi kwenye hilo. : Nilipata ushawishi wa kuandika makala hiyo wakati napitia makala ya [[Siasa ya Tanzania]] kipengere cha Makamu wa Rais Philip Mpango ilikua nyekundu baada ya kuwekewa kiungo cha ndani, Nimekuja kugundua makala ipo tayari kwa utofauti wa kichwa cha jina wakati nataka kuunganisha na viungo vya lugha zingine. :Katika kufanya tathmini nipunguze ipi nikaona iliyokuepo tayari ilikua ni fupi sana. :Na sijajua hii tofauti inakuepo vipi? Mfano makala iliyokuepo kwa jina la "Filip Isdor Mpango" lakini ilipowekewa kiungo cha ndani kwa jina la "Philip Mpango" peke yake haikuonesha muunganiko wa moja kwa moja kama ilivyo kwenye makala zingine nyingi. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 13:33, 22 Julai 2025 (UTC) ::Shida ni kwamba ulianzisha makala kwa kutegemea kipengele chekundu cha ukurasa uliokuwepo. Ungeanza mwenyewe kuandika jina yangetokea majina mengine ya kufanana, kama lile la makala ya awali. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:16, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) :::Ni kweli kabisa, Shukrani sana kwa kunikumbusha katika hilo. Wakati mwingine nitakua nafanya tafiti kabla ya kuandika hata kama makala ina kipengere chekundu, ili kuepusha muingiliano kama huo. :::Tuko pamoja Mzee Riccardo katika kuimarisha maudhui kwenye wikipedia yetu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:45, 23 Julai 2025 (UTC) == [[Maalum:Michango/Ternera]] == Obvious behavior akin to SOVIET COMMISSAR, [[Maalum:Michango/~2025-32681-1]] was OK! [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2025-33265-3|&#126;2025-33265-3]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2025-33265-3|talk]]) 19:45, 4 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Affiliations Committee News (April-June 2025)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> [[File:MNL25 - day one 08.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom session at the ESEAP Strategy Summit 2025 in Manila, the Philippines]] <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Aotearoa New Zealand and Assamese Wikimedia Community User Group]] Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Affiliate Activities and Compliance Report|Activities reports around the world]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 6#AffCom_Movement_Contribution|AffCom engagement at the ESEAP Strategy Summit]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#AffCom_Administrative_Updates|Results of the AffCom officers election]] Upcoming AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_6#Upcoming_AffCom_Events|Meet AffCom at Wikimania]]</div> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 06:25, 5 Agosti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=28820920 --> == Wito wa kupiga kura kwa ajili ya [[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]] - awe msimamizi wa kusano == Ndugu @[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]], unaombwa kupiga kura juu ya kumpatia uwezo wa ukabidhi/usimamizi wa kusano katika ukurasa wa [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi#Msimaizi wa KUSANO - Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu]]. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 07:54, 7 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ==Grass Wonder== Ndugu, huyo alikuwa farasi, si mwanamichezo. Pole na amani kwako. --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:44, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Asante kwa kuliona hilo, nilichanganya maudhui '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 15:23, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) ==Kimwali mmbaga== Ndugu, samahani tena, naona umekuwa mkali mno kwa mchangiaji huyo mwenye bidii. Hata wiki moja ilikuwa adhabu kubwa mno, sasa umerefusha hadi mwaka mzima! Naomba umfikirie upya. Makosa yake si makubwa vile! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:58, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) :Huyu ndugu Kimwali mmbaga, ni kweli kabisa ni mchangiaji mzuri na mwenye bidii. Lakini hivi karibuni amechapisha makala nyingi, Katika kufanya doria kwenye makala nimepitia makala zake nimeona nyingi ni kama tafsiri ya kompyuta na hii ni kwa sababu kuna mashindano ya uandishi sijui?. Hivyo nikaanza na baadhi kuanza kufanya marekebisho. :Sasa katika hali ya kujenga na kuelimishana nikamuandikia ujumbe kwenye ukurasa wake wa [[Majadiliano_ya_mtumiaji:Kimwali_mmbaga|majadiliano]], kwani niliona bado anazidi kuchapisha makala nyingi zenye makosa yale yale. Nikatoa mfamo wa makosa yenyewe na kumuomba asifanye chapisho jipya lolote kwa muda ule ili kufanya marejeo na marekebisho katika makala alizochapisha kwanza. :Ndugu Kimwali alipuuza na kuendelea na machapisho yenye makosa yale yale. Hivyo kwa namna hiyo inakua inavunja moyo kwa wanaopitia kufanya marekebisho na wengine wanarudia makosa yale yale kuongeza mzigo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 16:06, 10 Agosti 2025 (UTC) == Kuomba kufunguliwa akaunti == Habari, Ninaomba kufunguliwa akaunti yangu na ninaahidi kutokutimia tafsiri ya kompyuta kutengeneza makala. '''[[Mtumiaji:Jolvin Joel|Jolvin Joel]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Jolvin Joel|majadiliano]])''' 10:04, 10 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Salaam ndugu, :Asante kwa ujumbe, na umepokelelewa. Kutumia programu za kusaidia tafsiri kama google translater na zingine nyingi sio kosa kwani inarahisisha kazi. Lakini programu hizo nyingi si kamilifu sana katika kutoa kiswahili kizuri, hivyo inahitaji jitahada za ziada katika kufanya marekebisho ya kiumbo ili kiswahili kiwe sawa sawa. :Pamoja katika kuijenga Wikipedia yetu, Sasa umefunguliwa. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:27, 10 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Kiswenglish == See [https://sw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Utoaji_mimba_wa_kuchagua_jinsia&diff=1417305&oldid=1417303 this], thy revert is WRONG, this is SWAHILI not ENGLISH. '''[[Mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|Donna Wanyama]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|majadiliano]])''' 17:34, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Ni sahihi lakini kigezo hiko hakipo, hivyo [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigezo:Reflist kigezo hiki kilichopo] ndio kinatumika kama kilivyo. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:06, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) Always there was <nowiki>{{marejeo}}</nowiki> as alias for <nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>. '''[[Mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|Donna Wanyama]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Donna Wanyama|majadiliano]])''' 18:24, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Sawa as long as ni back-end ikiwa <nowiki>{{marejeo}}</nowiki>, "<nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki>" au "<reference>" vyote vinafanya kazi bila kuhaathiri muundo wa makala, nadhani hakuna shida ndugu. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 20:18, 18 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:At Wikimania 2025 127.jpg|256px|right|thumb|AffCom at Wikimania 2025 in Nairobi, Kenya]]<br> <div style="column-count:1;">Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|Recognition of Wikimedia Georgia: recognized & announced September 2025]] Recognition Status Report: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#Recognition Status Report|Updates of affiliate applications]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Conflict Intervention|Updates on conflict intervention cases]] AffCom Movement Contribution: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue 7#AffCom at WikiConference North America|AffCom at WikiConference North America]] AffCom Administration: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem|AffCom and EDs Discuss Affiliate Ecosystem]] AffCom Events: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_7#AffCom Administrative Updates|AffCom at Wikimania]]</div> </div> Affiliations Committee News (July-December 2025) <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|This newsletter is best translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 7|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]</div><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:11, 13 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Buszmail@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=29907013 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wikimedian, We thank you for taking an initiative to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;Checklist for Organizers Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us in upcoming office hours We look forward to your presence in the upcoming office hours where the community and the international Team can interact with each other and know more about the contest. resister yourself for the [[:m:Event:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 Office Hours|office hours event]]. Thank you and all the best, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 13:30, 18 Januari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf26&oldid=29948401 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 – Community Organisers & Jury == Hello {{PAGENAME}}!, Thank you for taking the lead in organising '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' in your community. We truly appreciate your efforts! To ensure a smooth and successful campaign, please make sure you have: * Fully completed all details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2026 Project Page]]: * Started promoting the campaign within your community. * Requested a local administrator to place a '''sitenotice''' about the campaign so users are notified. * Used the '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/fnf/ Article List Generator Tool]''' and shared the generated article lists with your community. === Internet & Childcare Support === Community organisers and jury members who require '''internet and childcare support''' (non-mandatory, opt-in, request-only support) should fill the support request form '''by 22 February 2026'''. '''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeutXEF1yTnJfExWUYPIf6SkhcnTgul07BeI-biqT4RE_vsrA/viewform Link to the form]''' Requests submitted after this date will not be entertained. === Important Participation Guidelines === * Minimum article size: '''3000 bytes and 300 words''' (final decision may be set by local organisers). * If your country is not listed on the Article list generator tool, please contact us. === Community Engagement === * Keep your community active and motivated throughout the campaign. * Share your achievements and notable articles with us so we can highlight them globally. * In the support form, please indicate if you would like a '''quick coordination call after the campaign'''. Let’s make '''Feminism and Folklore''', under the banner of '''#WeTogether''', help bridge the '''gender gap''' and '''folklore gap''' on Wikipedia worldwide. 🌍✊ Thank you for your collaboration! ''If someone from your community organisers or jury has missed this message feel free to share this message with them.'' Feminism and Folklore International Team. –'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 05:17, 16 Februari 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf26&oldid=30083330 --> ==Kufuta makala== Ndugu, naona unapenda sana kufuta makala badala ya kuzifanyia kazi. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 05:29, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) :Salaam Mzee Riccardo :Nafanya marekebisho sana, lakini makosa yanarudiwa yale yale na waandishi wale wale, baadhi ya makala zinakua mbaya zaidi na ni ndefu sana kiasi kwamba ni ngumu kuifanyia marekebisho, na mwadishi mwenyewe anakua ameitelekeza bila ya marekebisho yeyote. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:36, 22 Machi 2026 (UTC) == Next Steps and Feedback meeting for Feminism and Folklore Organizers == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge; padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]] <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="padding: 1em 2em;"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> Dear Organizer, I hope this message finds you well. First and foremost, on behalf of the International Team I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause. As the campaign has ended I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|sign-up page]]. Once the jury process is completed, kindly update only the top 3 winners details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2026'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on campaign Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed. Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, we kindly ask you to spare just an hour to collectively share your progress and achievements with us during our '''[[:m:Event:Feminism and Folklore 2026 Post-Campaign Office Hour|community feedback session]]'''. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful. Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon. Warm regards, [[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]] on behalf of Feminism and Folklore International Team <nowiki>#WeTogether</nowiki> </div></div> --'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 11:57, 11 Aprili 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/fnf26&oldid=30391231 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will be a week in between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 28 Aprili 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30472482 --> == Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <!-- == Affiliations Committee News (January-March 2026) == --> <small>''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|You can find this newsletter translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 6}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''</small> Quarterly newsletter sharing news and events about the work of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee]]. [[File:AffCom_and_GRDC_members_at_APP_meeting,_Lisbon_2026_01_(cropped).jpg|220px|right|thumb|AffCom and GRDC members at APP meeting, Lisbon, Portugal]] <div style="column-count:1;"> Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition and Derecognition|This past quarter, AffCom recognized no new Affiliates due to the pause in recognizing new affiliates.]] AffCom Conflict Intervention: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#AffCom Conflict Intervention|AffCom is currently addressing eight ongoing affiliate conflict cases received in previous quarters.]] Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Affiliate Recognition Pause Extension|The Wikimedia Foundation, together with the AffCom, has extended the pause on new affiliate recognition until September 1, 2026.]] New Affiliate Model Development Efforts: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#New Affiliate Model Development Efforts|The Affiliations Committee held collaborative meetings with the Global Resource Distribution Committee (GRDC) to explore the development of a new affiliations model.]] Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee/News/Issue_8#Towards a Healthy Ecosystem of Wikimedia Organizations: Updates on the Movement Organizations Pilot, GRDC, and AffCom|Two major pilot initiatives were launched to address long-standing questions about the roles of movement organizations and the future of resource allocation.]] <div class="hlist" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:100%; ">'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee/News/Issue 8|read this newsletter in full]]''' • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Affiliations Committee/News|subscribe/unsubscribe]]</div><section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:50, 03 May 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Buszmail@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Affiliations_Committee/News&oldid=30057452 --> ==Uislamu== Ndugu, hongera kwa juhudi zako, ila nimeona ukurasa mpya kuhusu Mitume katika Uislamu wakati kulikuwa na nyingine kuhusu Mitume na Manabii katika Uislamu. Ni lazima zibaki mbili au zinaweza kuuunganishwa? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:21, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ni kweli mzee nimeona na kwa asilimia kubwa maudhui yanaendana, lakini ukurasa huo wa zamani naona kama umeelezea kwa ujumla katika dini zote japokuwa kichwa cha ukurasa kinaonekana [[Mitume na Manabii katika Uislamu]], na huu wa [[Mitume katika Uislamu]] umeelezea katika muktadha wa Uislamu pekee, nadhani tukiziacha hivyo vivyo sio mbaya sana, au kuonganisha zote kwa kuchanganua maudhui kwanza ili kuendana na kichwa cha ukurasa wenyewe. '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu#top|majadiliano]])''' 17:39, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) rp345giyz1q6frcy2a03kgn2dhap18l 0 141026 1548242 1429670 2026-05-22T11:13:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548242 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Benki ya wanawake Tanzania''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Tanzania Women Bank Limited'''; [[kifupi]]: '''TWBL''') ni [[benki]] ya [[Tanzania]] ambayo ina utaalamu katika kutoa huduma za kifedha kwa [[wanawake]]. Imeorodheshwa kama "Taasisi ya Fedha iliyosajiliwa" na [[Benki Kuu ya Tanzania]], mdhibiti wa benki za [[taifa]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.bot-tz.org/BankingSupervision/RegisteredFinancialInst.asp| title = Directory of Financial Institutions Operating in Tanzania| date = |last=BOT|first=.|accessdate=22 November 2014|publisher=[[Bank of Tanzania]] (BOT)|archivedate=2016-04-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419163124/http://www.bot-tz.org/BankingSupervision/RegisteredFinancialInst.asp}}</ref> Benki hii ni taasisi ndogo ya kifedha nchini Tanzania, ambapo usawa wa wanahisa wa [[benki]] hiyo ulikuwa na thamani ya TSh8.5 bilioni (takriban dola milioni 4 za Kimarekani).<ref name="Expand">{{Rejea tovuti|accessdate=31 January 2016 | url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201601291399.html| title = Tanzania: Women's Bank for Expansion| date = 29 Januari 2016|newspaper=[[Daily News (Tanzania)|Tanzania Daily News]] (TDN) via [[AllAfrica.com]]|location=Dar es Salaam|last=TDN}}</ref> ==Historia == Wazo la kuanzisha Benki ya Wanawake nchini Tanzania lilianza mnamo mwaka [[1999]], wakati wajasiriamali kadhaa wa kike walipomwendea [[Rais]] wa Tanzania wakati huo, [[Benjamin William Mkapa]], na wazo hilo. Baada ya miaka nane, mnamo mwaka 2007, Benki ya Wanawake Tanzania iliundwa. Benki ilifunguliwa rasmi kwa biashara mnamo [[Julai 28]], mwaka 2009. Lengo la TWB ni kuwawezesha wanawake kiuchumi na kijamii. Benki hii inatumika kwa jamii zote ikiwa ni pamoja na ''wenye kipato cha chini'', mashirika makubwa na [[biashara ndogo na za kati]] (SMEs).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.womensbank.co.tz/history.php| title = Tanzania Women's Bank History| date = |accessdate=22 Novemba 2014|first=.|last=TWB|publisher=Tanzania Women's Bank (TWB)|archive-date=2021-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816083157/http://www.womensbank.co.tz/history.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Mtandao wa matawi == Mnamo Novemba mwaka 2014, benki hii ilikua na matawi katika maeneo yafuatayo:<ref>{{Rejea tovuti| title = The Branches of Tanzania Women's Bank|url=http://www.womensbank.co.tz/branches.php|first=.|last=TWB|accessdate=22 November 2014|publisher=Tanzania Women's Bank (TWB)| date = |archive-date=2014-11-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129155113/http://www.womensbank.co.tz/branches.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> # Tawi la Mkwepu - Jengo la Posta ya Zamani, Mtaa wa Mkwepu, [[Dar es Salaam]] # Tawi la Kariakoo - Mtaa wa Aggrey Likoma, [[Dar es Salaam]] # Tawi la Dodoma - Jengo la Posta / TTCL, Barabara ya Reli, [[Dodoma]] # Tawi la Mwanza - Jengo la Ofisi ya Zamani, Barabara ya Posta, [[Mwanza]] ==Tazama pia== * [[Orodha ya benki Tanzania]] ==Viungo vya nje== * [http://www.bot-tz.org/ Website of Bank of Tanzania] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bot-tz.org/ |date=20091106212806 }} * [http://www.banks-tanzania.com/ Partial List of Licensed Commercial Banks In Tanzania] {{Wayback|url=http://www.banks-tanzania.com/ |date=20210816083156 }} * [http://allafrica.com/stories/201208140042.html Tanzania Women's Bank To List On DSE In 2012] ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-uchumi}} [[Jamii:Benki za Tanzania]] [[Jamii:USLWA]] bzatqq2mjaltf4fn1n3p1tbwty9irln 0 141073 1548234 1429663 2026-05-22T11:06:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548234 wikitext text/x-wiki Kwa benki nyingine zinazoitwa Benki ya Kitaifa ya Biashara, angalia [[:en:National_Bank_of_Commerce_(disambiguation)|Benki ya Kitaifa ya Biashara]] {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Benki ya Kitaifa ya Biashara NBC''' ([[Tanzania]]), ambayo jina lake kamili ni Benki ya Kitaifa ya Biashara ([[Tanzania]]), ni benki ya biashara nchini Tanzania. Ni mojawapo ya benki za biashara zilizopewa leseni na [[Benki Kuu ya Tanzania]], benki kuu ya nchi na mdhibiti wa kitaifa wa benki. <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180127145134/http://www.bot.go.tz/BankingSupervision/Directory%20of%20Banks%20and%20Financial%20institutions%20operating%20in%20Tanzania%20_June%202017.pdf</ref> Mnamo Agosti 2019, benki hiyo ilitozwa faini ya shilingi bilioni 1 za Kitanzania ($ 435,000) kwa sababu ya kushindwa kuanzisha kituo cha data katika nchi za [[Afrika ya Mashariki|Afrika Mashariki]].<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tanzania-banking-idUSKCN1VJ1C0</ref> == Mahali == Makao makuu ya benki na tawi lake kuu liko kando ya barabara ya Sokoine,Jijini [[Dar es Salaam]], mji mkuu wa kifedha wa Tanzania na jiji kubwa zaidi.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20180127145134/http://www.bot.go.tz/BankingSupervision/Directory%20of%20Banks%20and%20Financial%20institutions%20operating%20in%20Tanzania%20_June%202017.pdf</ref> Majira ya nukta ya makao makuu ya benki ni: 06 ° 49'04.0 "S, 39 ° 17'24.0" E <ref>https://www.google.com/maps/place/6%C2%B049'04.0%22S+39%C2%B017'24.0%22E/@-6.8157121,39.267918,8705m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x0!8m2!3d-6.8177778!4d39.29</ref> == Maelezo ya jumla == Ni moja wapo ya benki kongwe nchini inayofuatilia mizizi yake hadi nyuma kama uhuru wa Tanzania.<ref>http://www.banks-tanzania.com/national-bank-of-commerce-bank-banks-tanzania.html{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mwisho wa mwaka 2015, benki hiyo ilikuwa na msingi wa mali zaidi ya Dola milioni 773 (TZS 1.69 trilioni) na ni benki ya nne yenye faida kubwa zaidi nchini, nyuma ya Benki ya Kitaifa ya Fedha, Benki ya CRDB na Benki ya FBME.<ref>http://www.businesstimes.co.tz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2948:tanzania-banks-total-assets-fell-in-3rd-quarter&catid=42:updates</ref> Mwisho wa 2017, jumla ya mali za benki za Tanzania zilikuwa na thamani ya TZS: trilioni 29.97 (Dola za [[Marekani]] bilioni 13.2). <ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/201802090708.html</ref> Wakati huo huo, Benki ya Kitaifa ya Biashara (Tanzania) iliripotiwa kumiliki asilimia 5.6 ya mali zote za kibenki za kitaifa, <ref>http://www.thecitizen.co.tz/News/CRDB-rated-highly-in-assets-share-in-2017-/1840340-4294672-2nfkxfz/index.html</ref> ikitafsiriwa kwa TZS: trilioni 1,768+ ambazo ni sawa na Dola milioni 779 +. == Historia == Benki inaelezea asili yake hadi 1967 wakati Serikali ya Tanzania ilitaifisha taasisi za kifedha, pamoja na benki. Mnamo 1991, tasnia ya benki ilidhibitiwa. Miaka sita baadaye, mnamo 1997, taasisi hiyo wakati huo ilijulikana kama "NBC" iligawanywa. Mnamo 2000, kikundi cha benki ya Afrika Kusini Absa, kilipata hisa nyingi katika NBC (1997). Serikali ya Tanzania ilihifadhi hisa 30% na Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa , mwanachama wa Kikundi cha [[Benki ya Dunia]] ilichukua hisa 15% katika benki hiyo. Taasisi hiyo mpya ilijulikana kama Benki ya Kitaifa ya Biashara ([[Tanzania]]).<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/201410290346.html</ref> == Kuungana == Kuanzia Machi 2016, Benki ya Barclays ilitafuta idhini ya kisheria nchini [[Tanzania]] ili kuiunganisha benki hii na [[Benki ya Barclays ya Tanzania|Benki ya Barclays]] [[Tanzania]] ambayo [[Barclays]] inadumisha nia ya kudhibiti matumizi ya kifedha. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/Barclays-to-merge-Tanzania-units-not-split-Africa-business-/-/2560/3114130/-/item/1/-/iqnn1q/-/index.html | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2021-08-17 |archivedate=2018-05-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510115125/http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/business/Barclays-to-merge-Tanzania-units-not-split-Africa-business-/-/2560/3114130/-/item/1/-/iqnn1q/-/index.html }}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://kenyanwallstreet.com/barclays-national-bank-commerce-of-tanzania-to-combine-operations/ | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2021-08-17 |archive-date=2021-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817210641/https://kenyanwallstreet.com/barclays-national-bank-commerce-of-tanzania-to-combine-operations/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Benki za Tanzania]] [[Jamii:USLWA]] 06hpduy36hled9c1hf2613fnattw3w6 0 143022 1547837 1527416 2026-05-21T18:47:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547837 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tristan Cadija Evelyn''' (amezaliwa [[25 Januari]] [[1998]]) ni [[mwanariadha]] wa [[Mbio ya Marathoni|mbio]] wa [[Barbasiani wa Ravenna|Barbadia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tristan EVELYN {{!}} Profile {{!}} World Athletics|url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/barbados/tristan-evelyn-14469933|work=worldathletics.org|accessdate=2021-10-09}}</ref> Ni mshindi wa zamani wa [[medali]] ya fedha kwenye [[michezo]] ya CARIFTA na [[mwanafunzi]] wa [[Chuo Kikuu cha Houston]], Evelyn alishinda [[Mbio ya Marathoni|mbio]] za mita 60 kwa [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] na 200m kwenye Mkutano wa michuano ya American Athletic Conference Indoor Track and Field mnamo 2020.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tristan Evelyn snatches two golds at Indoor Championships {{!}} Loop Barbados|url=https://barbados.loopnews.com/content/tristan-evelyn-snatches-two-golds-indoor-championships|work=Loop News|accessdate=2021-10-09|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Evelyn aliweka rekodi mpya ya kitaifa kwa kutumia [[sekunde]] 11.14 (kasi ya upepo 2.0 m / s) akishinda dhahabu katika fainali ya mita 100 za wanawake kwenye Mashindano ya Mkutano wa Riadha wa Amerika. Wakati huu pia alipata nafasi ya kushiriki [[michezo ya Olimpiki]] za Tokyo za mnamo 2020. Rekodi ya awali ilikuwa sekunde 11.26 zilizowekwa na [[Shakera Reece]] mnamo 2011. Yeye pia anashikilia rekodi ya ndani ya Barbad ya mita 200 na muda wa 23.16.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Evelyn sprints to new national record; qualifies for Tokyo|url=https://www.nationnews.com/2021/05/17/evelyn-sprints-new-national-record-qualifies-tokyo/|work=www.nationnews.com|date=2021-05-17|accessdate=2021-10-09|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1998]] [[Jamii:USLW DOM]] [[Jamii:Michezo]] pquqkyygqudg7g4vgb3l21xa1wjxqa0 0 146902 1548131 1530731 2026-05-22T08:23:13Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548131 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Kampuni|jina=Apps and Girls Foundation|jina_la_kampuni=Apps and Girls |nembo_ya_kampuni=|maandishi=|imefungwa=|aina=Taasisi Isiyo Ya Kiserikali|aina_ya_kampuni=NGO|jamii=|chanzo=|iliyoitangulia=|iliyoifuata=|ilipoanzishwa=27/03/2014|waanzishi=Carolyne Ekyarisiima, Wilhelm Caspar Oddo|mahali=Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania|location=Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania|mji=|nchi=Tanzania|city=|country=|idadi ya vituo=|eneo linalohudumiwa=|watu wakuu=|sekta=|bidhaa=|uzalishaji=|hudma=|mapato=|operating_income=|intl=|net_income=|aum=|mali=|equity=|owner=|wafanyakazi=|mmiliki=|divisions=|subsid=|homepage=https://www.appsandgirls.com/|footnotes=}} '''Apps and Girls''' ni [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|asasi isiyo ya kiserikali]] iliyoanzishwa na [[Carolyne Ekyarisiima]] na kusajiliwa na Wizara ya Jinsia, Wanawake na Watoto nchini [[Tanzania]] mwaka 2014. Ni taasisi yenye kuwasaidia mabinti na wanawake wadogo katika nyanja ya habari na mawasiliano ambapo inafanya kazi kwa kuwafundisha wanafunzi namna ya kutengeneza programu za kompyuta na biashara, pia mambo ya kutengeneza roboti. Zaidi ya hayo taasisi hiyo inafanya kazi ya kuwainua mabinti walioshindwa kuendelea na shule katika viwango tofauti kwa kuwaingiza kwenye Mradi wa Jovia ambapo mabinti hao wanapewa mafunzo mbalimbali yenye kuongeza nafasi zao za kupata ajira katika sekta ya habari na mawasiliano; mafunzo hayo pia huwasaidia kuanzisha biashara zao ama kukuza biashara walizonazo. == Historia == Carolyne Ekyarisiima alikuwa ni Mkufunzi msaidizi katika chuo kikuu cha Kampala International University katika tawi la Dar es salaam lililoko nchini Tanzania kuanzia mwaka 2009 mwishoni. Akiwa Mkufunzi msaidizi, alifundisha masomo ya Computer Science ikiwamo Programming katika lugha ya C, Java na PHP.<ref>https://www.w4.org/en/wowwire/apps-and-girls-changing-the-world/</ref> Kufundisha masomo hayo kukamfanya atambue gepu lililopo katika darasa lake ambalo lilikuwa na wanafunzi wengi wakiume huku mabinti wakiwa wachache. Ndipo mwaka 2013 akaandaa mafunzo ya wazi kwa Wanawake walioko katika ajira na walioko mavyuoni kuja pamoja na kujadili mambo yanayo husu Teknolojia na kutoa mafunzo ya Kutengeneza tovuti kwa kutumia Joomla. == Programu za Apps and Girls == # Coding Clubs: Apps and Girls ni taasisi ya kwanza nchini Tanzania kufundisha "[[:en:Computer_programming|Computer Programming]]" kwa wanafunzi wa secondary hususani mabinti Umri miaka 12 na Kuendelea. Ni taasisi iliyo jikita katika matumizi ya Tehama kwa kuwafanya vijana wadogo, hususani mabinti, kuweza fanya mambo makubwa ambayo yalikuwa yakifanywa na watu wakubwa katika ulimwengu wa TEHAMA na biashara. Njia kubwa iliyotumiwa na Carolyne na taasisi yake ya Apps and Girls ni kupita katika shule binafsi na za serikali za sekondari, wakianza na shule za jijini Dar es Salaam na baadae mikoa mingine<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tigo Helps 'Apps and Girls' Launch the Third Phase of the Girls & Women Empowerment 2022 Project|url=https://www.techafricanews.com/2022/04/29/tigo-helps-apps-and-girls-launch-the-third-phase-of-the-girls-women-empowerment-2022-project/|work=TechAfrica News|date=2022-04-29|accessdate=2024-02-05|language=en-US|author=Editorial Team}}</ref>. Lengo la mwanzilishi wa taasisi hii, Carolyne Ekyarisiima, lilifanikiwa pakubwa hasa baada ya kuwaandaa mabinti wadogo kama [[Modesta Joseph Msabila|Modesta Joseph]], mwanzilishi wa Tovuti ya "Our Cries" au "OVAH<ref>{{Cite web|title=MODESTA JOSEPH|url=https://www.wearefamilyfoundation.org/yttf-2020/modesta-joseph|work=We Are Family Foundation|date=2021-07-02|accessdate=2024-02-05|language=en-US}}</ref>". Huyu ni mmoja wa mabinti ambao walianza kufanya mambo makubwa katika jamii zao wakiwa na umri mdogo. Kupitia taasisi yake ya Ovah aliweza kuanzisha mfumo wa kidijitali uliotumika kuwasaidia wanafunzi pale wanaponyanyaswa, lengo likiwa ni kupunguza manyanyaso katika vyombo vya usafiri kwa wanafunzi, hususani "[[daladala]]".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Students use tech to fight abuse in daladalas {{!}} The Citizen|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/national/students-use-tech-to-fight-abuse-in-daladalas-2545484?view=htmlamp|work=www.thecitizen.co.tz|accessdate=2024-02-05}}</ref> <br>Wanafunzi wengine walionufaika na Mradi huu ni Pamoja na Winnie Msamba<ref>{{Citation|last=Abroad|first=Actuality|title=Girls Like Us|date=2016-09-22|url=https://vimeo.com/183845870|access-date=2024-02-06}}</ref>, Asha Abbas<ref>{{Cite web|title=25 under 25 Awardees|url=https://www.internetsociety.org/25th/25-under-25/awardees/|work=Internet Society|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US}}</ref>, Fatuma Abbas<ref>{{Citation|last=Bertelli|first=Michele|title=Tanzania y el tirón de la educación sexual ‘online’|date=2019-03-16|url=https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/03/14/planeta_futuro/1552566029_219742.html|work=El País|language=es|issn=1134-6582|access-date=2024-02-06}}</ref>, Necta Richald<ref>{{Cite web|title=NECTA RICHARD: Nataka kuwa mhandisi kuisaidia nchi yangu|url=https://mtanzania.co.tz/necta-richard-nataka-kuwa-mhandisi-kuisaidia-nchi-yangu/|work=Mtanzania|date=2016-07-15|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US|author=Mtanzania Digital|archive-date=2024-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206092520/https://mtanzania.co.tz/necta-richard-nataka-kuwa-mhandisi-kuisaidia-nchi-yangu/|url-status=dead}}</ref>, Julieth Sewava<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wadau waiangukia Serikali ajira za utotoni, wasichana kuachwa nyuma kidigitali|url=https://mwanahalisionline.com/wadau-waiangukia-serikali-ajira-za-utotoni-wasichana-kuachwa-nyuma-kidigitali/|date=2021-10-05|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US|author=Mwandishi Wetu|archive-date=2024-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206071000/https://mwanahalisionline.com/wadau-waiangukia-serikali-ajira-za-utotoni-wasichana-kuachwa-nyuma-kidigitali/|url-status=dead}}</ref>, Hyasinta Luhanga<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Tanzania is betting on coding to help close the gender gap in its tech sector|url=https://qz.com/africa/1214051/how-tanzania-is-betting-on-coding-to-help-close-the-gender-gap-in-its-tech-sector|work=Quartz|date=2018-02-24|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en|author=Abdi Latif Dahir}}</ref>, Balbina Gulam, Queen Mtega<ref>{{Cite web|title=Queen: Msichana aliyebuni tovuti kuwasaidia vijana mafundi|url=https://www.mwananchi.co.tz/mw/habari/makala/elimu/queen-msichana-aliyebuni-tovuti-kuwasaidia-vijana-mafundi-2958586|work=Mwananchi|date=2021-03-15|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en}}</ref> Na Lisa Jones<ref>{{Cite web|title=Team Tanzania 2018|url=https://first.global/2018-nations/team-tanzania-2018/|work=FIRST Global|date=2018-06-11|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US|author=FIRST Global}}</ref>. Kiujumla Coding Clubs hizi zipo Tanzania nzima kwa kushirikiana na Makampuni ya Tigo na Wadau wengine, Mpaka mwaka 2023 Jumla ya wanafunzi walio fanikiwa pitia katika mradi huu ni zaidi ya 100,000 huku asilimia 60 ya wanafunzi wakichagua kuendelea na masomo ya Sayansi (STEM). # Girls Entreprenuership Summit: Huu ni Mkutano mkubwa wa kiteknolojia ambao hukutanisha mabinti na wasichana wadogo walioko shuleni (shule za serikali na shule binafsi) lengo likiwa ni kuwakutanisha na wadau kwenye ulimwengu wa Teknolojia, Mainjinia, Wanasayansi na wafanya biashara<ref>https://www.ippmedia.com/en/business/be-innovative-and-technology-savvy-girls-challenged#google_vignette</ref>. Mkutano huu ni maalumu kwa wanafunzi wa kike ingawa kutokana na mvuto wake wanafunzi wa kiume pia hujikuta wakishiriki. Mradi huu ulianza mwaka 2017 na umekuwa ukifadhiriwa na Ubalozi wa Marekani na wadau wengine kama Tigo Tanzania. Wanafunzi huanza miezi sita nyuma ambapo wakiwa mashuleni kwao huanza kufundishwa Biashara na Uandishi wa codes za kompyuta kisha hukusanya mawazo yao na kushiriki katika mashindano ambapo Vitengo mbali mbali huibua washindi katika mashindano hayo na washindi huendeleza miradi yao na kufanikisha kuwa Biashara kamili au Taasisi zenye kutatua Changamoto katika Jamii.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bridging the tech gender gap in TZ|url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/success/bridging-the-tech-gender-gap-in-tz-2663082|work=The Citizen|date=2021-04-01|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en}}</ref> # Jovia Program: Mradi huu ni maalumu kwa wanafunzi ambao kutokana na changamoto kadhaa za maisha hawakuweza fanikiwa pata nafasi ya kumalizia masomo yao katika kiwango chochote kile kuanzia secondari mpaka chuo kikuu. Hii inatokana na kuongezeka kwa mabinto wasio na ajira rasmi ambapo kisababishi kikubwa cha wao kukosa hiozi ajira ni aidha hawana maarifa ya kutosha ama hawana elimu kabisa na kukosa sifa za kuajirika. Jovia inarudisha nuru na matumaini katika nafsi zao. Carolyne anasema "Sababu kuu ya kuianzisha Program hii ni namna ambavyo mama yangu alipenda sana elimu wakati wake, ila kutokana na sababu kadhaa hakuweza fanikisha ndoto zake kikamilifu. Nikaianzisha Program hii na kuipa Jina lake kama kumbukumbu". Tangu kuanzishwa kwake mradi huu umegusa mabinti na wanawake wengi, Mfano; Aslatu Nguku<ref>{{Cite web|title=AWE yawapatia mafunzo wanawake kuwa Wajasriamali bora Afrika Mashariki|url=https://www.voaswahili.com/a/awe-yawapatia-mafunzo-wanawake-ya-kuwa-wajasriamali-bora-afrika-mashariki/7177710.html|work=Voice of America|date=2023-07-12|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=sw}}</ref> Mwanzilishi wa mradi wa Mama Health mradi ambao ulianzishwa mara baada ya kujiunga na Jovia na leo umekuwa ni mradi mkubwa ukiwasaidia wanawake katika chanhamoto zao nyakati za kujifungua. Mradi huu wa mama health umefanikiwa kushikwa mkono na mashirika na taasisi kubwa ndani ya Tanzania na hivyo kuokoa maisha ya mama na mtoto. Mradi wa Jovia umekuwa ni mradi wenye mafanikio makubwa na kupelekea kupata tuzo kadhaa za Kimataifa Kama WSIS Prize Champion katika mambo ya kuwajengea watu uwezo iliyo andaliwa na shilika la kimataifa la ITU (International Telecommunication Union) ya mwaka 2020<ref name=":1" /> na mwaka 2023 mradi huo ukawa ni mradi ulio shinda katika tuzo hizo kidunia kwenye kategoria ya ajira "Global Winner in E-Employment".<ref name=":2" /> # ADA Lace Program: Ni mradi maalumu kwa ajili ya wanafunzi wa [[Chuo Kikuu|Chuo kikuu]] ambao wamemaliza chuo na wapo mtaani pasipo kuwa na ajira aidha kutokana na ukosefu wa ajira ama kutokana na kuwa na maarifa lakini maarifa yao hayana mashiko mbele ya macho ya mwajiri. Mradi huu hujikita katika kutoa mafunzo ya [[Akili bandia]] "Artificial Intelligence" na pia mafunzo ya kidijitali ambayo soko la ajira lina hitaji kwa wakati huo. Mradi huu ulipo anza ulikuwa unasapotiwa na program ya SAIS<ref>{{Cite web|title=SAIS - Southern Africa Innovation Support|url=https://saisprogramme.org/capacity-building/inclusive-innovation|work=saisprogramme.org|accessdate=2024-02-06|archive-date=2024-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206084507/https://saisprogramme.org/capacity-building/inclusive-innovation|dead-url=yes}}</ref>. # Robotics: Haya ni mafunzo ambayo hutolewa kwa wanafunzi wa kike na wakiume wenye mapenzi na teknolojia. Mafunzo haya huenda sambamba na ufundishaji wa kutengeneza program za kwenye Computer. Mwaka 2017 Taasisi ya Apps and Girls ikishirikiana na IETWC na FIRST Global waliweza toa mafunzo kwa wanafunzi na kisha kushiriki katika mashindano ya Dunia yaliyo fanyika nchini Marekani huku Tanzania Ikishika namba 92 katika nchi 157 zilizo shiriki. Hii ilikuwa ni mara ya kwanza kwa wanafunzi hawa kushiriki mashindano makubwa kama hayo kidunia, na ukawa ni mwangaza bora kwao. Walio Shiriki ni pamoja na Lisa Jones Kutoka [[Jangwani Secondary School]] (Msichana), [[Modesta Joseph Msabila|Modesta Joseph]] Kutoka [[Kisutu Secondary School]] (Msichana), Kokubanza Timanywa<ref>{{Cite web|title=Connecting Students to Textbooks {{!}} Data Collaboratives for Local Impact|url=https://dcli.co/impact-story/connecting-students-to-textbooks/|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206101251/https://dcli.co/impact-story/connecting-students-to-textbooks/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kutoka [[Jangwani Secondary School]] (Msichana), Godbright Nixon<ref>{{Cite web|title=Robots are set to take Africa’s manufacturing jobs even before it has enough|url=https://qz.com/africa/1037225/robots-are-set-to-take-africas-manufacturing-jobs-even-before-it-has-enough|work=Quartz|date=2017-07-26|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en}}</ref> kutoka [[Azania Secondary School]] (Mvulana), Raymond Benedict<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stella Manyanya akabidhi bendera kwa wanafuunzi watakaoiwakilisha nchi katika mashindano ya first lbal Robotic Challenges nchini Marekani|url=http://www.michuzi.co.tz/2017/07/stella-manyanya-akabidhi-bendera-kwa.html|work=MICHUZI BLOG|accessdate=2024-02-06|author=Michuzi Blog}}</ref> kutoka [[Jamuhuri Secondary School]] (Mvulana), Sangali Tindi kutoka [[Feza Secondary School]] na Francis Mwasolya kutoka [[Kibasila Secondary School]] (Mvulana). Apps and Girls Imekuwa ikishirimi mashindano hayo kila Mwaka ambapo Mwaka 2018 mashindano hayo yalifanyika Nchini [[Mexiko|Mexico]] na [[Tanzania]] ikawakilishwa na wanafunzi wawili ambao ni Zainabu Omari (Msichana) kutoka Benjamini High School na Anatory Anjelo (Mvulana) Kutoka [[Padre Pio Secondary School]]. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Team Tanzania 2018|url=https://first.global/2018-nations/team-tanzania-2018/|work=FIRST Global|date=2018-06-11|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US|author=FIRST Global}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 Wanafunzi wa Apps and Girls Walishiriki mashindano hayo yaliyo fanyika nchini Dubai. Ushiriki huu ulihusisha wanafunzi Doreen Michael kutoka Jangwani Secondary School, Julieth Sewava kutoka [[Jangwani Secondary School]], Hajra Honero (Msichana) kutoka [[Korogwe Girls Secondary School]]. Kutokana na kuzuka kwa janga la CORONA, Mashindano haya yalisimamishwa na yakaja kurudi mwaka 2022 ambapo Tanzania ikawakilishwa na wanafunzi wa apps and Girls ambao ni Beldi Zikudia<ref>{{Citation|title=#WiDSAFRICA2022 Testimonial: Beldi Zikudia|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4liagYOWeI|language=sw-TZ|access-date=2024-02-06}}</ref> kutoka [[Mugabe Secondary School]], Maria Johnbosco Mtega (Msichana) kutoka St Theresa Secondary School, Joseph Joseph Msabila (Mvulana) , Hellen na Amezia.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Waziri Mkuu Kassim Majaliwa Awaalika Bungeni Wanafunzi Walioiwakilisha Nchi Uswizi Kuunda Roboti|url=https://globalpublishers.co.tz/waziri-mkuu-kassim-majaliwa-awaalika-bungeni-wanafunzi-walioiwakilisha-nchi-uswizi-kuunda-roboti/|work=Global Publishers|date=2023-02-02|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US}}</ref> Ushiriki wa mwaka 2022 ulileta faraja kubwa baada ya Team Tanzania kupata medali ya Madini ya Fedha na ushindi huu ukawakutanisha wanafunzi hawa na Waziri wa Sayansi, Teknolojia na Mawasiliano Mheshimiwa [[Nape Moses Nnauye|Nape Nnauye]] na Baadaye Waziri mkuu wa Tanzania Mheshimiwa [[Kassim Majaliwa]] ambaye aliwapa Mualiko maalumu vijana hawa wa kwenda Bungeni Dodoma na kuweza pewa heshima yao na Wabunge na Mawaziri wote huku wakipokea salamu za pongezi kutoka kwa Rais wa Jamuhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania Mheshimiwa [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]].<ref name=":3" /> == Apps and Girls Uganda == Mwaka 2019 Taasisi ya Apps and Girls iliona haja ya kuanzisha Mradi unao fanana na huu uliopo Tanzania katika nchi za jirani hasa kutiokana na kupokea maombi mengi kutoka kwa mashule na wazazi wenye kutamani watoto wao kupata nafasi ya kujifunza na kuweza fanya mambo mazuri na makubwa. Apps and Girls ikasajiriwa nchini Uganda ikiwa na jina Hilo hilo. Hivyo Apps and Girls Uganda ni taasisi iliyo sajiriwa nchini Uganda ikifanya kazi sawa sawa na zinazo fanywa nchini Tanzania. Ili kuweza wafikiwa wanafunzi kwa haraka Apps and Girls ikaanza kwa kuandaa "BootCamp" Mafunzo bora ya muda mfupi yenye kukutanisha watu wengi kwa wakati mmoja. Hivyo Cohort ya Kwanza ilipewa nafasi ya kujifunza Mafunzo ya kutengeneza roboti ya First Global Challenge<ref>{{Citation|title=FIRST Global Challenge|date=2023-12-04|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FIRST_Global_Challenge&oldid=1188342992|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2024-02-06}}</ref> , na kuweza shiriki katika mashindano ya Robotics nchini Dubai. Ushiriki wa Team hii nchini Dubai ukaipa ushindi na hivyo kuondoka na Medali ya Fedha.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Team Uganda 2019 🇺🇬|url=https://first.global/2019-nations/uganda-2019/|work=FIRST Global|date=2019-07-27|accessdate=2024-02-06|language=en-US|author=FIRST Global}}</ref> Mwaka 2022 Apps and Girls iliweza fanya Boot Camp kwa wanafunzi mbali mbali wa shule za secondary ikisaidiwa na [[:en:Rockefeller_Foundation|The Rockefeller Foundation]] na kuweza wafikia mabinti wengi. Team ikashiriki Mashindano ya Robotics nchini Switzland na Kuibuka na Ushindi wa tuzo Mbili moja ikihusisha team nzima na nyingine ikimhusisha Akampa Mitina ambaye alishinda tuzo ya Temasek Women in STEM Award. == Tuzo == # Social Inclusion Award (2019) By Women in Tech<ref>{{Cite web|title=Winners|url=https://womenintech-challenge.com/winners/|work=Women in Tech Challenge|accessdate=2024-02-05|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205205114/https://womenintech-challenge.com/winners/|url-status=dead}}</ref> # WSIS Prize (2020) Champion in Capacity Building by ITU <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Champion Projects — WSIS Prizes 2020|url=https://www.itu.int/net4/wsis/stocktaking/Prizes/2024/Champions?jts=U4DECP&idx=10&page=4|work=www.itu.int|accessdate=2024-02-05}}</ref> # 1st runners up for the [[African Telecommunications Union|ATU]] Africa Innovation challenge (2021) By [[:en:African_Telecommunications_Union|African Telecommunication union]] and [[:en:International_Telecommunication_Union|ITU]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisian, Tanzanian and Zambian Initiatives win ATU’s Africa-wide Competition Building Youth ICT Innovation Ecosystems|url=https://atuuat.africa/2021/10/14/tunisian-tanzanian-and-zambian-initiatives-win-atus-africa-wide-competition-building-youth-ict-innovation-ecosystems/|work=African Telecommunications Union|date=2021-10-14|accessdate=2024-02-05|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205205114/https://atuuat.africa/2021/10/14/tunisian-tanzanian-and-zambian-initiatives-win-atus-africa-wide-competition-building-youth-ict-innovation-ecosystems/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> # Overall winner of the ICT awards (2021) By the [[Tanzania]] ICT commission # Best ICT Incubator of the year (2021) By the Tanzania ICT commission # Global Winner in E-Employment (2023) By WSIS<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Nominated Projects — WSIS Prizes 2023|url=https://www.itu.int/net4/wsis/stocktaking/Prizes/2024/Nominated?jts=53C4MJ&idx=14&page=11|work=www.itu.int|accessdate=2024-02-05}}</ref> # Entrepreneurship Education Program Award (2023) By ASEB UNSUNG HERO == Mafanikio == # Wanafunzi kupata fursa ya kufahamiana na watu # Wanafunzi kupata fursa ya kujiendeleza kimasomo # Wanafunzi kupata fedha za kuendesha miradi # Wanafunzi kuanzisha Biashara na Miradi mikubwa yenye Mafanikio == Marejeo == {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * https://pdetic.wixsite.com/nomadontheroad/single-post/2014/11/21/apps-girls-empowering-tanzanian-girls-with-ict * https://dailynews.co.tz/young-women-project-wins-prestigious-award/ * https://womenintech-challenge.com/apps-and-girls/ {{Wayback|url=https://womenintech-challenge.com/apps-and-girls/ |date=20220228131542 }} * https://www.w4.org/en/wowwire/apps-and-girls-changing-the-world/ * https://www.axian-telecom.com/cirdowee/2023/03/Girls-Young-Women-Empowerment-JOVIA-Program-Win-WSIS-2023-Geneva-V3-002.pdf * https://www.ippmedia.com/en/business/tigo-apps-and-girls-partnership-develop-tech-savvy-girls * https://westafricanbusinessjournal.com/2017/05/18/1-million-african-childrens-lives-improved-local-social-entrepreneurs-supported-reach-change-africa/ {{Wayback|url=https://westafricanbusinessjournal.com/2017/05/18/1-million-african-childrens-lives-improved-local-social-entrepreneurs-supported-reach-change-africa/ |date=20240205073538 }} * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRVKiGGuXuU * https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Digital-Inclusion/Women-and-Girls/Girls-in-ICT-Portal/Pages/events/2016/Africa/Tanzania-2016-1.aspx * https://swahilionlineblogg.blogspot.com/2017/04/vijana-wa-kitanzania-wanaotengeneza.html * https://cms.nukta.co.tz/msichana-wa-miaka-19-aibuka-na-suluhisho-la-fundipopote/ {{Wayback|url=https://cms.nukta.co.tz/msichana-wa-miaka-19-aibuka-na-suluhisho-la-fundipopote/ |date=20240206081050 }} * https://www.matukiodaimamedia.co.tz/2022/10/washiriki-wa-first-global-robotics.html {{Wayback|url=https://www.matukiodaimamedia.co.tz/2022/10/washiriki-wa-first-global-robotics.html |date=20240206101251 }} * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=deO5ECKSVsI * https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/girl-coders-aim-to-bridge-tech-gender-gap-in-tanzania/2021605 {{Mbegu}} [[Jamii:WikiVibrance Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Elimu ya Tanzania]] hr9zimg1v57ei0hv1zb6jqis7we77bx 0 149623 1548291 1469953 2026-05-22T11:55:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Person |jina = Bigiano |picha = |maelezo_ya_picha = |tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa =Agosti 1 1980 |mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = |tarehe_ya_kufariki = |mahala_alipofia = |majina_mengine = Bigiano |anafahamika kwa = |kazi_yake = Mwimbaji |nchi = Nigeria }} '''Babalola Oluwagbemiga Gabriel''' (anajulikana kitaaluma kama '''Bigiano''', alizaliwa [[Agosti 1]], [[1980]]) ni [[mtunzi]] wa [[nyimbo]], [[mwimbaji]], <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/bigiano-singer-shows-off-bold-tattoos-in-new-photos/w2jzw4x | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2022-05-04 |archive-date=2021-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019195435/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/bigiano-singer-shows-off-bold-tattoos-in-new-photos/w2jzw4x |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://www.pulse.ng/gist/bigiano-kuti-cole-back-bigger-and-better/qwxkghb | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2022-05-04 |archive-date=2021-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019064342/https://www.pulse.ng/gist/bigiano-kuti-cole-back-bigger-and-better/qwxkghb |url-status=dead }}</ref>[[mtayarishaji]] wa rekodi,<ref>https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/bigiano-singers-godfather-lavishes-n5m-on-champagnes-in-1-hour/fd8tlrg</ref> msanii wa kurekodi, na mwigizaji wa jukwaa kutoka [[Nigeria]]. Anajulikana kwa wimbo wake wa "Shayo". <ref>https://ynaija.com/musicians-alariwo-ashionye-bigiano-others-make-list-of-top-10-nigeria-one-hit-wonders/</ref><ref>https://punchng.com/god-can-still-give-me-song-bigger-than-shayo-bigiano/</ref><ref>https://thenet.ng/i-couldnt-handle-the-fame-that-came-with-shayo-bigiano/</ref><ref>https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/261090/singer-bigiano-reveals-why-he-is-still-single.html/</ref> == Maisha ya awali na Elimu == Babalola Oluwagbemiga Gabriel ni mzaliwa wa nne kati ya sita kwenye familia yao. Alianza kazi ya muziki akiwa kazi yake kama kiongozi wa [[kwaya]] na mratibu wa muziki kanisani. Alianzisha kundi lililoitwa Triple B<ref>https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/09/we-knew-bigiano-wouldn%E2%80%99t-last-%E2%80%94-triple-b</ref> Mnamo 1999 kundi hilo lilitoa nyimbo iliyoitwa "Egba Mi". == Kazi == Mnamo [[2009]], nyota huyo wa muziki wa dancehall aliteuliwa nyuma kwa nyuma, kwa [[Tuzo]] za Muziki za ''MTV Afrika na Tuzo za Kitengo Bora Kipya cha Tuzo za Burudani za Nigeria pamoja na M.I.'' Katika mwaka huohuo, Bigiano alikuwa kivutio cha macho yote katika hafla ya tuzo za oktane ya juu huku wimbo wake wa "Shayo" ukishinda Video Bora, Filamu Bora ya [[Sinema]] na Tuzo za Chaguo la Watazamaji la Mwaka katika Tuzo za Video za Muziki za Sauti ya mjii za 2009. Na kana kwamba hii haitoshi, mwanamuziki huyo nyota alitawaza mwaka kwa ziara ya muziki ndani na nje ya maeneo ya [[Afrika Kusini]].<ref>https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/7192/bigiano-tours-sa.html</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2012, Bigiano ambaye amefanya kazi na wasanii kadhaa wakubwa kama vile [[2Face Idibia|Tu Face Idibia]], miongoni mwa wengine alimshirikisha msanii mwenzake wa Nigeria [[Wizkid]] kwenye wimbo wake "Chillings" == Nyimbo == === Albamu === * ''Shayo master'' – 2008 === Nyimbo pekee === * "It's Over" feat. General Pype * "Chillings" feat. Wizkid<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://tooxclusive.com/bigiano-chillin-feat-wizkid/ | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2022-05-04 |archivedate=2021-10-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019185728/https://tooxclusive.com/bigiano-chillin-feat-wizkid/ }}</ref> * "As E Dey Hot" * "One & Only" * "Ibile" * "Tonight" * "Chiquito"<ref>https://www.sunnewsonline.com/bigiano-stages-comeback-with-chiquito-go-crazy/</ref> * "I Be Somebody" * "BFF" * "Norty"<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.36ng.ng/2013/11/04/music-bigiano-ft-password-norty/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2022-05-04 |archive-date=2021-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020005648/https://www.36ng.ng/2013/11/04/music-bigiano-ft-password-norty/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * "Who's That Girl" * "Go Crazy"<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://tooxclusive.com/bigiano-go-crazy-audio-video/ | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2022-05-04 |archivedate=2021-10-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020102344/https://tooxclusive.com/bigiano-go-crazy-audio-video/ }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://theguildng.com/bigiano-returns-to-nigeria-music-scene-releases-new-singles/ | title = Nakala iliyohifadhiwa|accessdate=2022-05-04 |archivedate=2022-06-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630014517/https://theguildng.com/bigiano-returns-to-nigeria-music-scene-releases-new-singles/ }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Arusha Editathon Muziki]] [[Jamii:Wanamuziki wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eincyalde295xel6t7h62d3s1iptudw 0 151587 1547908 1521318 2026-05-21T23:07:11Z Benson mussa masila 89547 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 1547908 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Hawaan 20 11 2010.JPG|alt=auto_awesome Tafsiri toka: Kiilokano 23 / 5,000 Matokeo ya tafsiri Mtazamo wa Msitu wa Hawaan|thumb|Mtazamo wa Msitu wa Hawaan]] '''Msitu wa Hawaan''' uko katika Umhlanga, KwaZulu-Natal, Afrika Kusini. Ni masalio makubwa ya msitu wa milima ya pwani kavu na wa mwisho wa aina yake.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=WhereToStay.co.za - Accommodation in South Africa.|url=http://www.wheretostay.co.za/|work=www.wheretostay.co.za|accessdate=2022-06-11|language=en}}</ref> Msitu huu hukua kwenye [[mchanga]] ambao ulianza miaka 18,000.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hawaan Forest Review - Durban South Africa - Sights {{!}} Fodor’s Travel|url=https://www.fodors.com/world/africa-and-middle-east/south-africa/durban/things-to-do/sights/reviews/hawaan-forest-471380|work=www.fodors.com|accessdate=2022-06-11}}</ref> [[Msitu]] wa Hawaan kwa sasa uko chini ya ulezi wa Jumuiya ya Wanyamapori na Mazingira Kusini mwa Afrika (WESSA), lakini unamilikiwa na Kikundi cha Tongaat Hulett. ==shamba la msitu wa Hawaan == shamba la msitu wa Hawaan lina ukubwa wa [[ekari]] 157 (hekta 64) na limepangwa na kuundwa kwa uangalifu mkubwa kwa usaidizi wa mbunifu Stefan Antoni na mtunza bustani asilia, Geoff Nichols, ambaye amekamilisha hili kwa utaalam wake wa kilimo cha bustani na uelewaji wa msitu jirani. [[Faili:Knobwood Hawaan 20 11 2010.JPG|alt=Shina la Xanthoxylum capense katika Msitu wa Hawaan|thumb|Shina la Xanthoxylum capense katika Msitu wa Hawaan]] Mali zote zimewekwa kimkakati, zikiwapa maoni ya ukanda kuelekea msitu na bahari, wakati bustani ni ya asili kabisa na wamiliki wa nyumba wana orodha ya [[Mmea|mimea]] 600 ya kuchagua wakati wa kupanda kwenye kila shamba. Hakuna kipenzi kinachoruhusiwa kwenye mali isiyohamishika, dhabihu ya lazima ili kulinda ndege na wanyamapori ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{vyanzo}} [[Jamii:Africa Wiki Challenge Arusha 2022]] [[Jamii:Utalii wa Afrika]] lw30wkdst2ryze7f52q02mq3my8cg7g 0 158155 1547768 1547420 2026-05-21T17:07:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547768 wikitext text/x-wiki Siri [[London]] ni kikundi cha [[Facebook]] kilichoanzishwa na mhitimu wa [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha [[Bristol]] mwenye umri wa miaka 21, Tiffany Philippou, tarehe 19 Januari 2010 kwa kujibu shindano la Saatchi & Saatchi<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.corpcommsmagazine.co.uk/news/608-graduate-recruiter-employs-social-media |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2022-09-07 |archivedate=2016-08-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802001913/http://www.corpcommsmagazine.co.uk/news/608-graduate-recruiter-employs-social-media }}</ref>. [[Kikundi]] kilikua kwa haraka (wanachama 180,000 kufikia tarehe 8 Februari 2010)<ref>https://techcrunch.com/2010/02/07/startup-to-launch-after-secret-london-facebook-group-amasses-180000/</ref> na kinaundwa na wakazi wengi wa [[London]] wanaotumia tovuti kushiriki mapendekezo na picha za huko [[London]]. Baada ya mafanikio ya mapema ya kikundi, mwanzilishi alitangaza nia yake ya kuzindua tovuti yenye jina sawa kwa kutafuta muundo na maendeleo.<ref>https://techcrunch.com/2010/02/16/guest-post-how-we-built-secret-london-in-a-weekend/</ref>Tovuti ilizinduliwa tarehe 16 Februari 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23807660-londoners-share-their-secrets-on-hidden-gems-website.do |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2022-09-07 |archive-date=2010-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223004811/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23807660-londoners-share-their-secrets-on-hidden-gems-website.do |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article7026146.ece |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2022-09-07 |archive-date=2011-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510075822/http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article7026146.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2010/02/the-secret-of-online-success-keeping-it-real/ |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2022-09-07 |archivedate=2012-02-23 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223210703/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2010/02/the-secret-of-online-success-keeping-it-real/ }}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://econsultancy.com/blog/5441-can-a-popular-facebook-group-become-a-real-startup |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2022-09-07 |archivedate=2016-03-13 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313232127/https://econsultancy.com/blog/5441-can-a-popular-facebook-group-become-a-real-startup/ }}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2001]] [[Jamii:USLW Iringa]] [[Jamii:Mitandao ya kijamii]] ap6xweq1xqv4jmwixedp0emat86mhf7 0 160767 1547645 1421998 2026-05-21T12:37:28Z Deltaspace42 89087 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Unidentified Neuroptera Caetité Bahia 2.jpg]] → [[File:Dimares elegans - Caetité Bahia 2.jpg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · No longer unidentified 1547645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Uainishaji | rangi = pink | jina = Kitukutuku bandia | picha = Blotched Owlfly (Tmesibasis lacerata) (16733951744).jpg | upana_wa_picha = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha = ''Tmesibasis lacerata'' | picha2 = Owlfly larva (Ascalaphidae, Neuroptera) (6801861092).jpg | upana_wa_picha2 = 250px | maelezo_ya_picha2 = Lava wa spishi fulani kwenye jani | himaya = [[Mnyama|Animalia]] (Wanyama) | faila = [[Arthropoda]] (Wanyama wenye miguu yenye viungo) | nusufaila = [[Hexapoda]] (Wanyama wenye miguu sita) | ngeli = [[Insecta]] (Wadudu) | ngeli_ya_chini = [[Pterygota]] (Wadudu wenye mabawa) | oda = [[Neuroptera]] (Wadudu walio na mabawa wenye vena nyingi kama [[kimia (kitambaa)|kimia]]) | nusuoda = [[Myrmeleontiformia]] (Wadudu kama [[kitukutuku|vitukutuku]]) | familia = [[Myrmeleontidae]] (Wadudu walio na mnasaba na vitukutuku) | nusufamilia = [[Ascalaphinae]] | bingwa_wa_nusufamilia = [[Alex Lefèbvre|Lefèbvre]], 1842 | subdivision = '''Makabila 6:''' *! [[Ascalaphini]] <small>Lefèbvre, 1842</small> * [[Dimarini]] <small>[[Longinos Navás|Navás]], 1914</small> * [[Haplogleniini]] <small>[[Edward Newman|Newman]], 1853</small> * [[Palparini]] <small>[[Nathan Banks|Banks]], 1911</small> * [[Stilbopterygini]] <small>Newman, 1853</small> * [[Ululodini]] <small>[[Herman Willem van der Weele|Van der Weele]], 1908</small> }} '''Vitukutuku bandia''' ni [[wadudu]] wadogo hadi wakubwa kiasi wa [[nusufamilia]] [[Ascalaphinae]]<ref name = Machado>Renato J. P. Machado (2019) Owlflies are derived antlions: anchored phylogenomics supports a new phylogeny and classification of Myrmeleontidae (Neuroptera), ''Systematic Entomology'' '''44'''(2): 1-33.</ref> katika [[familia (biolojia)|familia]] [[Myrmeleontidae]] wa [[oda]] [[Neuroptera]] ([[Mdudu Mabawa-vena|wadudu mabawa-vena]]) walio na mnasaba karibu na [[kitukutuku|vitukutuku]]. Huitwa bandia kwa sababu [[lava]] wao hawachimbi [[simbo|mashimbo]] ya umbo la [[mpare (kifaa)|mpare]] au [[rima|marima]] ili kukamata [[sisimizi]]. Kinyume hiyo hujificha chini ya takataka au wana rangi za [[kamafleji]]. Kuna karibu na [[spishi]] 450 za vitukutuku bandia zinazotokea [[dunia]]ni kote katika maeneo ya ki[[tropiki]] na ki[[nusutropiki]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Trujillo |first1=Gloria |title=Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae |url=https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/choate/neuroptera_ascalaphidae1.pdf |publisher=University of Florida |access-date=4 January 2022 |date=2009 |archive-date=2024-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418095938/https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/choate/neuroptera_ascalaphidae1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>. ==Maelezo== Vitukutuku bandia hutofautishwa kwa urahisi na vitukutuku kwa [[jicho|macho]] yao makubwa na [[kipapsio|vipapasio]] vyao virefu vyenye [[rungu|virungu]], hiyo ya mwisho ambayo pia huwatofautisha na [[kereng'ende]] wanaofanana kijuujuu, ambao wana vipapasio vifupi kama [[nywele]] ngumu. Vitukutuku wana vipapasio vifupi vyenye virungu vidogo, macho madogo na [[bawa|mabawa]] yenye [[vena]] kama [[wavu]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Owlflies |url=https://nature.mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/owlflies |publisher=Missouri Department of Conservation |access-date=26 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Foltz, John L. |work=ENY 3005 Family Identification |url=http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/foltz/eny3005/lab1/neuroptera/ascalaphid.htm |title=Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae |date=August 10, 2004 |accessdate=July 14, 2010 |publisher=[[University of Florida]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601024018/http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/foltz/eny3005/lab1/Neuroptera/ascalaphid.htm |archive-date=June 1, 2010 |url-status=dead |archivedate=2010-06-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601024018/http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/foltz/eny3005/lab1/Neuroptera/ascalaphid.htm }}</ref>. Vitukutuku bandia wengi wana urefu wa [[sm]] 3-4, bila kujumuisha vipapasio, na mabawa yao yanaweza kuwa hadi sm 6<ref name="Clemson">{{cite web |last1=Saad |first1=Brooke |last2=Pickens |first2=Lindsey |year=2004 |url=http://entweb.clemson.edu/museum/webonly/local/lmisc/lmisc42.htm |title=''Ululodes quadrimaculatus'', "owlfly" |accessdate=April 24, 2008 |publisher=[[Clemson University]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012001128/http://entweb.clemson.edu/museum/webonly/local/lmisc/lmisc42.htm |archive-date=October 12, 2008 |url-status=dead |archivedate=2008-10-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012001128/http://entweb.clemson.edu/museum/webonly/local/lmisc/lmisc42.htm }}</ref>. Wapevu wa [[kabila]] [[Ululodini]] wana macho makubwa yaliyogawanyika na tabia ya kukiakia wakati wa [[mwanga]] kidogo, ambapo jina lao la [[Kiingereza]] "owlfly" lilitoka<ref name="Clemson"/>. ===Kichwa=== [[Picha:Ascalaphidae female at Kadavoor cutted.png|thumb|left|240px|Maono ya karibu ya kichwa cha ''[[Ascalaphus sinister]]''; mstari kupitia macho inaonekana wazi.]] Vipapasio ni virefu sana, mara nyingi karibu na urefu wa [[mwili]]. Viko vyembamba sana na hubeba vinundu vinavyofanana na rungu kwenye ncha zao, ambavyo vinaweza kuwa na rangi tofauti. Macho ni makubwa zaidi kuliko yale ya vitukutuku. Katika makabila [[Ascalaphini]] na [[Ululodini]] macho yamegawanywa na kigongo katika sehemu ya juu na ya chini. Sehemu ya juu ni [[nyeti]] tu kwa mwanga wa [[UV (nuru)|UV]] huku sehemu ya chini ikiweza pia kuhisi mwanga wa bluu-kijani pamoja na UV<ref>Belusic, G. ''et al.'' (2008) The visual ecology of the owlfly (Libelloides macaronius) ''In:'' Devetak, D. ''et al.'', Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Neuropterology. Piran, Slovenia. Pp. 89-96.</ref><ref name="KARL">[http://www.eje.cz/pdfs/eje/2002/01/01.pdf | titel = Ultraviolet vision in European owlflies (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae): a critical review| auteur = Karl Kral]</ref>. Vitukutuku bandia hawana [[oseli]] (macho sahili). ===Thoraksi=== [[Thoraksi]] ina nywele nyingi na hubeba [[mguu|miguu]] na mabawa. Miguu ni mifupi kiasi na minene na ina nywele nyingi. Pia huzaa [[mwiba|miiba]], ambayo ni kubwa zaidi kwenye [[tibia]]. [[Tarsi]] ni imara sana na zina [[pingili]] moja tu yenye [[ukucha (anatomia)|kucha]] mbili. Mabawa ni mangavu katika spishi zinazokiakia [[usiku]]. Katika spishi zinazokiakia [[mchana]], mabawa mara nyingi huwa na rangi au yana madoa mazito na meusi. [[Njano]] ni rangi ya kawaida, lakini [[kahawia]] na kahawia-nyekundu pia hutokea. Rangi hizi husababishwa na nywele ndogo na sio [[gamba|vigamba]] kama kwa [[kipepeo|vipepeo]]. Mabawa ya mbele daima ni marefu na membamba kuliko mabawa ya nyuma. Kila bawa hubeba [[seli]] ya rangi karibu na ncha ya ukingo wa mbele, inayoitwa [[pterostigma]]. Ni nzito kuliko seli nyingine na hutoa usawa wakati wa kuruka. Wakati wa kupumzika, mabawa huwekwa juu ya [[fumbatio]] au kando yake. Vitukutuku bandia ni warukaji wa nguvu zaidi kuliko vitukutuku, ingawa kwa mbali hawana nguvu kama kereng'ende. Pamoja na hayo, wana uwezo wa kukamata wadudu wengine wakiruka, ambao huwala. Hii ni tofauti tena na vitukutuku, ambao hujilisha kwa [[mbochi]] ikiwa kitu chochote. ===Fumbatio=== [[Picha:Owlfly Ascalaphidae by kadavoor.JPG|thumb|left|150px|Fumbatio huwekwa kwa pembe ili kufanana na kitawi kilichokatika.]] Fumbatio ni ndefu lakini mnono kuliko ile ya vitukutuku. Mara nyingi, [[mgongo]] huwa na uvimbe, haswa kwa majike. Madume wana mchomozo kwenye upande wa mgongo wa pingili ya kwanza, ya pili au ya tatu, ambao haupo kwa majike. Pia wana [[serki]] kwenye ncha ya fumbatio, ambazo, tena, majike hawanazo. Spishi nyingi huweka fumbatio juu kwa [[pembe]] fulani wakipumzika, huku mabawa zikiwa zimeshikiliwa dhidi ya [[tawi|kitawi]] au [[shina]]. Hii inaifanya kuonekana kama kitawi kilichovunjika. ===Lava=== Lava wanafanana na vitukutuku, lakini wana viambatisho vilivyorefuka, wakati mwingine kama [[kidole|vidole]], kila upande wa kila pingili, vinavyoitwa michomozo kama [[skoli]]<ref name="Badano2014">{{cite journal | last1= Badano | first1= D. | last2= Pantaleoni | first2= R. A. | title= The Larvae of European Ascalaphidae (Neuroptera) | journal= Zootaxa | volume= 3796 | year= 2014 | issue= 2 | pages= 287–319 | doi= 10.11646/zootaxa.3796.2.4 | pmid= 24870677 | url= http://puma.isti.cnr.it/rmydownload.php?filename=cnr.ise%2Fcnr.ise%2F2014-A0-054%2F2014-A0-054.pdf | access-date= 2022-10-03 | archive-date= 2019-04-28 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190428134637/http://puma.isti.cnr.it/rmydownload.php?filename=cnr.ise%2Fcnr.ise%2F2014-A0-054%2F2014-A0-054.pdf | dead-url= yes }}</ref>. Katika spishi nyingi wako pia wakubwa kuliko vitukutuku. Hatimaye, kwa kawaida hutembea mbele badala ya kuelekea nyuma. ==Biolojia== [[Picha:Schmetterlingshaft-Gelege.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Mayai ya kitukutuku bandia kwenye kitawi.]] Wapevu wa vitukututku bandia hukamata wadudu wadogo wanaoruka, ambao huwala wakiruka. Lava hungoja kenye [[otea]] na kukamata [[invertebrata]] [[mbuawa]] wowote ambao hukaribia kwa kutosha na sio mkubwa sana. Mara nyingi hujificha chini ya [[takataka]] au hujifunika kwa vipande vidogo vya takataka. Wengine wana rangi za [[kamafleji]] ambazo huwafanya kuwa karibu kutoonekana kwenye uso wao uliochaguliwa, ambao unaweza kuwa [[mwamba]], shina la [[mti]] au [[jani]]. Kupandana hutokea wakiruka. [[Yai|Mayai]] hutagwa kwa mistari kwenye kitawi au shina la mmea au chini ya [[jiwe|mawe]]. Baadhi ya makumi hadi mayai 100 hutagwa katika sehemu kadhaa. Mayai yana umbo la [[duaradufu]] na yana [[ganda]] gumu. Wana ukubwa wa [[mm]] 2-3. Baada ya kutoka katika mayai, lava wadogo hujilisha kwa maganda ya mayai kwa muda kabla ya kutawanyika. Wanapitia hatua tatu, mwishoni kwake husuka [[kifukofuko]] cha [[hariri]] huku wakijumuisha [[chembe]] za uso. Kuwa [[bundo]] hutokea kwenye kifukofuko hiki ambacho kimefichwa kwenye takataka za majani au katika udongo au chini ya mawe. ==Spishi kadhaa za Afrika ya Mashariki== {{Columns | width = 30em | col1 = * ''Allocormodes inconspicuus'' * ''Allocormodes intractabilis'' * ''Allocormodes junodi'' * ''Allocormodes kolbei'' * ''Allocormodes lefebvrei'' * ''Allocormodes maculipennis'' * ''Allocormodes nigristigma'' * ''Afroasca doboszi'' * ''Ascalaphus festivus'' * ''Disparomitus brevistigma'' * ''Disparomitus horvathi'' * ''Disparomitus kimminsi'' | col2 = * ''Disparomitus simplex'' * ''Disparomitus transvaliensis'' * ''Eremoides bicristatus'' * ''Palpares inclemens'' * ''Phalascusa hildebrandti'' * ''Suphalomitus buyssoni'' * ''Tmesibasis imperatrix'' * ''Tmesibasis laceratus'' * ''Tmesibasis majesta'' * ''Tmesibasis rothschildi'' * ''Tmesibasis scopsi'' * ''Tmesibasis waelbroecki'' }} ==Picha== <gallery> Owlfly Ascalaphidae female 3 by kadavoor.jpg|''Ascalaphus sinister'' Dimares elegans - Caetité Bahia 2.jpg|''Dimares elegans'' Owlfly (Haploglenius decorus) (27932677919).jpg|''Haploglenius decorus'' Libelloides macaronius male.jpg|''Libelloides macaronius'' Palpares caffer (Myrmeleontidae) (49015139332).jpg|''Palpares caffer'' Black lacewing - Stilbopteryx napoleo (4263826233).jpg|''Stilbopteryx napoleo'' Ululodes quadripunctatus cropped.jpg|''Ululodes quadripunctatus'' </gallery> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wadudu mabawa-vena]] q9z49meeumzdjlqs6bpgis77x0cp5vq 0 165216 1547857 1348460 2026-05-21T19:30:47Z Husseyn Issa 44885 1547857 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Picha:2022-07-21 Fußball, Männer,Freundschaftsspiel, RB Leipzig - FC Liverpool 1DX 2224 by Stepro.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Harvey Elliott]] {{Infobox Football Player | jinalamchezaji = Harvey Elliott | picha = | jinakamili = Harvey Daniel James Elliott | tareheyakuzaliwa = 4 Aprili 2003 | mjialiozaliwa = Chertsey, England | nchialiozaliwa = Chertsey, England | urefu = 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m | nafasi = Kiungo | klabuyasasa = Liverpool | nambayaklabu = 19 | miakayavijana = | klabuzavijana = | miaka = {{birth date and age|2003|4|4|df=y}} | vilabu = | caps(goals) = | miakayataifa = | timuyataifa = Uingereza | nationalcaps(goals) = | pcupdate = | ntupdate = }} '''Harvey Daniel James Elliott''' (alizaliwa [[4 Aprili]] [[2003]]) ni mchezaji wa soka wa [[Uingereza]] ambaye anacheza kama kiungo wa kati wa klabu ya [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]] akitokea kwa mkopo timu ya [[Liverpool F.C.]]. Baada ya kuchipukia kutokea akademi ya Liverpool ya Fulham, Elliott alicheza [[mechi]] yake ya kwanza katika kikosi cha kwanza cha Fulham mnamo Septemba 2018, na kuwa mchezaji mdogo zaidi kucheza Kombe la EFL, mwenye umri wa miaka 15 na siku 174. ==Maisha== Elliott alizaliwa Chertsey, huko Surrey.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.11v11.com/players/harvey-elliott-259928/ |title=Harvey Elliott |website=11v11.com |publisher=AFS Enterprises |access-date=28 July 2019}}</ref> Alipenda soka tangu akiwa mdogo na alikua akiiunga mkono na kuishabikia [[Liverpool]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tribuna.com/en/news/liverpoolfc-2020-03-06-harvey-elliot-seems-to-have-been-born-a-red/ |title=Hatvey Elliott seems to have been born a Red |first=Donat |last=Iskanderoff |website=Tribuna.com |date=30 July 2019 |access-date=9 September 2021}}</ref> His father, Scott, would tutor him so he could develop a professional attitude towards training.Baba yake, Scott, alikuwa akimfundisha kuwa na nidhamu na mpira na mazoezi.<ref name="youth">{{cite web |url=https://firsttimefinish.co.uk/2021/02/18/the-inside-story-of-harvey-elliott/ |title=The inside story of Harvey Elliott: Made in the South, thriving in the North |first=Bence |last=Bocsak |website=First Time Finish |date=18 February 2021 |access-date=9 September 2021 |archive-date=2023-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211202815/https://firsttimefinish.co.uk/2021/02/18/the-inside-story-of-harvey-elliott/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Elliott alijiunga na akademi ya vijana ya Queens Park Rangers akiwa na umri mdogo.<ref name="youth"/> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2003]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Liverpool FC]] 8xphgbhkcv7e1obvdnfk43ixk46mt3e 0 170920 1547895 1528806 2026-05-21T21:51:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547895 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Victor Wembanyama Mets 92 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Wembanyama akiwa na [[Metropolitans 92]] in 2022]] '''Victor Wembanyama''' (amezaliwa [[4 Januari]] [[2004]]) ni mchezaji wa [[Ufaransa]] anayecheza [[mpira wa kikapu]] huko [[Metropolitans 92]] ya [[LNB Pro A]]. Anakadiriwa sana kuchaguliwa na timu ya [[San Antonio Spurs]] kama chaguo nambari moja katika drafti ya [[Chama cha Mpira wa Kikapu Marekani]] (NBA) ya [[2023]] na anakadiriwa kuwa mmoja wa matarajio makubwa ya mpira wa kikapu wakati wote.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=2023 NBA Draft Lottery: Meet Victor Wembanyama, the best prospect since LeBron James, projected to go No. 1|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/2023-nba-draft-lottery-meet-victor-wembanyama-the-best-prospect-since-lebron-james-projected-to-go-no-1-165100087.html|work=Yahoo Sports|date=2023-05-16|accessdate=2023-05-25|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-05-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524042243/https://sports.yahoo.com/2023-nba-draft-lottery-meet-victor-wembanyama-the-best-prospect-since-lebron-james-projected-to-go-no-1-165100087.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=18-Year-Old Frenchman Victor Wembanyama Being Hailed As The ‘Single Greatest Prospect In NBA History’|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamzagoria/2022/10/06/18-year-old-frenchman-victor-wembanyama-being-hailed-as-the-single-greatest-prospect-in-nba-history/|work=Forbes|accessdate=2023-05-25|language=en|author=Adam Zagoria}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=2023 NBA Draft: Is Victor Wembanyama the Best Prospect We've Ever Seen?|url=https://www.si.com/nba/draft/newsfeed/2023-nba-draft-is-victor-wembanyama-the-best-prospect-weve-ever-seen|work=NBA Draft Digest - Latest Draft News and Prospect Rankings|date=2023-05-12|accessdate=2023-05-25|language=en|author=Draft Digest Staff}}</ref> Ni mzaliwa wa [[Le Chesnay]], Ufaransa, Wembanyama alianza taaluma yake na timu ya [[Nanterre 92]] ya LNB Pro A mnamo [[2019|2019.]] Miaka miwili baadaye, alihamia ASVEL na kushinda taji la Pro A katika msimu wake wa kwanza akiwa na timu hiyo. Mnamo [[2022|2022,]] Wembanyama alitia saini na Metropolitans 92 na kuchukua jukumu la uongozi. Amechaguliwa kuwa nyota wa LNB (''All-Star)'' mara mbili, akishinda tuzo ya [[mchezaji mwenye dhamani zaidi]] katika mchezo wa nyota(mastaa) wa ligi ya LNB (''All-Star Game MVP'') mara moja, na ni [[Mchezaji Bora Chipukizi]] wa LNB Pro A mara mbili. Wembanyama anachezea [[timu ya taifa ya Ufaransa ya mpira wa kikapu.]] Katika ngazi ya vijana, ameiongoza timu yake kutwaa medali mbili za fedha, ikiwa ni pamoja na Kombe la Dunia la FIBA ​​chini ya umri wa miaka-19 [[2021]], ambapo aliweka rekodi ya FIBA ​​ya kuzuia kufungwa katika kila mchezo (''blocks per game'') kwenye shindano moja tu. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{BD|2004|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Ufaransa]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 2004]] h7u5d5qpoyggqp1wwg9zc54csgruewj 10 181684 1548097 1335081 2026-05-22T07:02:00Z Said Mfaume 68307 1548097 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:Authority control|authorityControl}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> r48ujosbuyn94pk0voopv45idwf5fo2 0 187397 1548178 1464166 2026-05-22T09:51:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548178 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adindu Victor''' (aliyezaliwa [[14 Machi]] [[1999]]), anayejulikana pia kama Babyboy AV au AV, ni [[mwimbaji]] na [[mtunzi]] wa nyimbo kutoka [[Nigeria]]. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghgossip.com/music-av-big-thug-boys/| title = AV - Big Thug Boys|last=Sammy|first=Skratch| date = 2021-06-22|website=Gh Gossip|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718011644/https://www.ghgossip.com/music-av-big-thug-boys/|archive-date=2023-07-18|access-date=2022-10-09|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali == Adindu Victor alizaliwa katika Jiji la [[Benin]], [[Jimbo la Edo]], kwa baba M[[Igbo]] mwenye asili ya [[Jimbo la Delta]] na mama M[[Waedo|Edo]]. Alikulia jijini humo katika [[mazingira]] yenye mchanganyiko wa [[tamaduni]].<ref name="AV father from Delta State">{{cite web |last1=Afrobeats Podcast |title=AV asema baba yake anatoka Jimbo la Delta saa ya 3:52 |website=[[YouTube]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9Oh9_HMIJk |access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref><ref name="AV returns to Delta State in Igbo Attire">{{cite web |last1=Return to Delta State - AV akiwa katika vazi la KiiGbo | title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C0l6DB0onuN/?hl=en&img_index=2 |website=Instagram |access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref> Alipata elimu ya juu katika [[Chuo Kikuu]] cha Ambrose Alli, ambako alihitimu shahada yake ya kwanza. ==Kazi== Baby Boy AV alihamasishwa na baba yake ambaye alikuwa mwanamuziki na [[mpiga gitaa]], aliyependa sana muziki tangu akiwa mdogo. Alianza rasmi kazi yake ya muziki mwaka 2018 na kufanya uzinduzi mwaka [[2020]] kupitia wimbo "Temperature," uliochezwa sana kwenye redio na televisheni. Mwaka [[2019]], alitumbuiza kwenye tamasha maarufu la Felabration,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-10-20|title=Watch Terry G and AV thrill the crowd at New Afrika Shrine. (FELABRATION)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQOqQvqf_7k|access-date=2022-10-20|website=YouTube.com}} </ref> pamoja na matamasha mengine. Katika kipindi cha All-Nighter podcast, alifichua kuwa aliwahi kukaa kwa muda katika nyumba ya [[Victor AD]] kabla ya kuachia wimbo wake "Big Thug Boys".<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Victor AD Allowed Me Squat with Him When I Was Waiting for Life to End – Singer, AV|url=https://www.gistlover.com/how-victor-ad-allowed-me-squat-with-him-when-i-was-waiting-for-life-to-end-singer-av/|access-date=18 May 2023|website=Gist Lover|date=18 May 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=I was waiting for life to end before Victor AD came to my rescue" – AV Reveals|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2023/05/18/i-was-waiting-for-life-to-end-before-victor-ad-came-to-my-rescue-av-reveals/|access-date=18 May 2023|website=36Ng|date=18 May 2023|language=en|archive-date=2023-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718011650/https://www.36ng.ng/2023/05/18/i-was-waiting-for-life-to-end-before-victor-ad-came-to-my-rescue-av-reveals/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kwa kuachia wimbo wake rasmi wa kwanza "Big Thug Boys," uliokuwa na video ya muziki iliyotayarishwa na kuongozwa na Dindu, Baby Boy AV alipata umaarufu mkubwa. Muziki wake unachanganya [[Afrobeat]] na [[Dancehall]], na umefanikiwa kupata zaidi ya watazamaji milioni 10 kwenye YouTube.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-09|title=AV - BIG THUG BOYS (OFFICIAL VIDEO)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mb28JAoEKAU|access-date=2023-08-14|website=YouTube.com}} </ref> Baada ya kupata umaarufu mwaka [[2021]], Baby Boy AV aliongoza tamasha la Afro Beach Festival mjini Accra, Ghana, pamoja na Costa Titch na Kofi Kinaata mnamo [[Desemba]] [[2022]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Costa Titch, Baby Boy AV, and Kofi Kinaata headline Afro Beach Festival|url=https://myjoyonline.com/costa-titch-baby-boy-av-and-kofi-kinaata-headline-afro-beach-festival/ |website=Joy Online|date=21 December 2022 }}</ref> Ifikapo [[Juni]] [[2023]], aliachia wimbo wake wa kwanza wa mwaka, "Quick Question"<ref>{{cite web |title=Babyboy AV – Quick Question |url=https://legit9ja.com/2023/06/babyboy-av-quick-question.html |website=Legit9ja|date=23 June 2023 }}</ref> baada ya kuandaa mradi wake wa EP. ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Nigeria]] [[jamii:waliozaliwa 1999]] [[jamii:watu walio hai]] [[jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] 8yw4t7pr23mbj5v8drg0f5udxs2hqag 0 188037 1547953 1530110 2026-05-22T02:02:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547953 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Omoniyi Temidayo Raphael''' (anajulikana kama '''Zlatan Ibile''', amezaliwa [[19 Desemba]] [[1994]]) ni rapa na mwimbaji kutoka [[Nigeria]].<ref>{{Rejea habari|date=21 January 2021|title=Joy as ijurin Ekiti opens a community library|work=Tribune|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/joy-as-ijurin-ekiti-opens-community-library/|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Zlatan Ibile - Biography |url=https://streetott.com.ng/artists/zlatan/ |website=Streetot |access-date=7 December 2019 |archive-date=6 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006131147/https://streetott.com.ng/artists/zlatan/ |url-status=dead }}.</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na kazi== Omoniyi Temidayo Raphael alizaliwa na kukulia [[Ikorodu]], [[Jimbo la Lagos]], ingawa asili ya kifamilia yake ni kutoka Ijurin, [[Jimbo la Ekiti]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2021-01-24 |title=Zlatan Ibile: The new ad-lib star The Nation Newspaper |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/zlatan-ibile-the-new-ad-lib-star/ |access-date=2022-08-31 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=A |first=Olumide |date=2021-09-15 |title=Zlatan Ibile biography: house, net worth, wife, songs |url=https://www.kemifilani.ng/breaking-news/zlatan-ibile-biography-house-net-worth-wife-songs |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=Kemi Filani News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Mwaka [[2011]], alipata diploma ya kitaifa katika usimamizi wa biashara kutoka Chuo cha Ufundi cha Moshood Abiola.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://punchng.com/i-regret-helping-segun-wire-zlatan-ibile/|title=I regret helping Segun Wire – Zlatan Ibile|website=Punch Newspapers|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2018/11/30/facts-you-dont-know-about-zanku-dance/|title=Facts You Don't Know About "Zanku Dance" Popularized By Zlatan Ibile {{!}} 36NG|last=Oladimeji|date=2018-11-29|access-date=2019-04-11|archive-date=2019-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411113602/https://www.36ng.ng/2018/11/30/facts-you-dont-know-about-zanku-dance/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Baada ya kumaliza shule ya sekondari, Raphael aliamua kuendeleza taaluma ya [[muziki]].<ref name="auto">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/I-am-not-signed-to-Davido-s-record-label-Zlatan-Ibile-637622|title=I am not signed to Davido's record label – Zlatan Ibile|website=Ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-04-12}}</ref> Akiwa na umri wa miaka 19, alishinda mashindano ya muziki ya mwaka [[2014]] yaliyofahamika kama ''One Mic Campus Tour'', yaliyodhaminiwa na [[Airtel Tanzania|Airtel]], yaliyofanyika [[Abeokuta]], [[Jimbo la Ogun]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/19-year-old-student-wins-airtel-one-mic-talent-show/|title=19-year-old student wins Airtel One Mic Talent show|date=2014-06-02|website=The Nation Nigeria|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref> Umaarufu wake ulianza kupanda mwaka [[2017]] baada ya kutoa wimbo ''My Body'' aliomshirikisha [[Olamide]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://punchng.com/i-regret-helping-segun-wire-zlatan-ibile/|title=I regret helping Segun Wire – Zlatan Ibile|website=Punch Newspapers|access-date=2019-04-12}}</ref><ref name="auto"/> Mwaka 2018, Lawrence Irabor, mwenyekiti mwenza wa Alleluyah Boiz Entertainment, alimsaini Zlatan kwenye lebo hiyo baada ya kusikia wimbo huo. Zlatan alipata umaarufu mkubwa zaidi kupitia ushirikiano wake na [[Chinko Ekun]] na [[Lil Kesh]] katika kibao cha mwaka [[2018]] ''Able God''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://guardian.ng/features/zlatan-ibile-is-the-streets-latest-pop-culture/|website=guardian.ng|access-date=2019-04-12|title=Zlatan Ibile is the Street's Latest Pop Culture|date=2019-01-25}}</ref> Baadaye, alitoa wimbo wa ''Zanku'', uliokuwa na mtindo wa dansi maarufu uliobeba jina hilo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.legit.ng/1214308-rising-star-zlatan-releases-anticipated-video-zanku-legwork.html|title=Rising star Zlatan releases much-anticipated video Zanku (Legwork)|last=Owolawi|first=Taiwo|date=2019-01-09|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en|access-date=2019-04-12}}</ref> Mwishoni mwa mwaka 2018, alitoa wimbo ''Osanle'' aliomshirikisha [[Davido]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/zlatan-ibile-osanle-ft-davido-new-song/|title=Zlatan Ibile – "Osanle" ft. Davido |date=2018-11-12|website=tooXclusive|access-date=2019-04-12|archive-date=2019-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412110810/https://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/zlatan-ibile-osanle-ft-davido-new-song/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mapema mwaka [[2019]], alitoa wimbo wa ''Glory'' kabla ya kushirikishwa katika kibao cha [[Burna Boy]] ''Killin Dem'', kilichokuwa sehemu ya albamu yake ya nne ''African Giant''. Baada ya hapo, alishirikishwa pia katika nyimbo za [[Lil Kesh]] ''Flenjo'' na [[Naira Marley]] ''Am I a Yahoo Boy''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://afriget.com/ceeza-milli-ft-zlatan-flenjo/|title=Flenjo: the new song he was featured by Ceeza Milli|date=2019-06-21|access-date=2019-06-24|archive-date=2019-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624225106/https://afriget.com/ceeza-milli-ft-zlatan-flenjo/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo [[26 Julai]] 2019, Zlatan alisaini mkataba wa udhamini na [[Coca-Cola]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2019/09/26/zlatan-becomes-coca-colas-brand-ambassador/|title=Zlatan Ibile Becomes Coca Cola's Brand Ambassador « 36ng|last=Oladimeji|date=2019-09-26|website=36ng|access-date=2019-09-26|archive-date=2019-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926165647/https://www.36ng.ng/2019/09/26/zlatan-becomes-coca-colas-brand-ambassador/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === 2020–sasa: Zanku Records na maandamano ya EndSARS === Tarehe [[1 Januari]] [[2020]], Raphael alitumia ukurasa wake wa [[Instagram]] kutangaza kuzindua lebo yake ya muziki ''Zanku Records'' bila kutaja wasanii wowote.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://lifestyle.thecable.ng/zanku-records-zlatan-ibile-launches-own-music-label/|title='Zanku Records' — Zlatan Ibile launches own music label|last=Remigius|first=Chibuike|date=2020-01-02|website=lifestyle.thecable.ng|language=en|access-date=2020-08-10}}</ref> Kufikia tarehe [[25 Februari]], alisherehekea siku yake ya kuzaliwa kwa kutangaza majina ya wasanii aliowasaini. Aliorodhesha wasanii watatu: Papisnoop, Oberz na Jamopyper. Pia alitangaza kumsajili rasmi mpiga picha wa video Visionary Pictures, meneja wake Manager Jiggy, mtayarishaji wa muziki Rexxie na mshauri wa PR Biesloaded. Tangazo hili liliambatana na picha ya pamoja kupitia ukurasa wake wa Instagram.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/zlatan-launches-his-record-label-zanku-records-and-promotes-his-new-act-oberz/bwn63fl|title=Zlatan launches his record label, ZANKU Records and promotes his new act, Oberz|last=Alake|first=Motolani|date=2020-02-12|website=pulse.ng|language=en|access-date=2020-08-10}}</ref> Mnamo [[Oktoba]] [[2020]], wakati wa maandamano ya ''EndSARS'', Zlatan alitoa wimbo ''Soro Soke'' kuonyesha masikitiko yake kuhusu mauaji ya vijana wasio na hatia katika tukio la Upigaji risasi wa Lekki 2020.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2020-10-22|title=Zlatan - "Soro Soke" « tooXclusive|url=https://tooxclusive.com/zlatan-soro-soke/|access-date=2021-01-22|website=Tooxclusive.com|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218044422/https://tooxclusive.com/zlatan-soro-soke/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanamuziki}} [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Nigeria]] [[jamii:waliozaliwa 1994]] [[jamii:watu walio hai]] [[jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] m0wl61gurnvwz4dlgl9ymvakzbud55v 0 188413 1547919 1357308 2026-05-22T00:30:45Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547919 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rory Cha''' (anajulikana kwa jina lake la kisanii '''Yaadcore''', amezaliwa 1989) ni DJ, mwimbaji na mtayarishaji wa muziki kutoka [[Mandeville]], [[Jamaika]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Stephanie Lyew |title=Five Questions with Yaadcore |url=https://jamaica-gleaner.com/article/entertainment/20220429/five-questions-yaadcore |website=[[The Gleaner]] |access-date=27 August 2023 |date=29 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Laura Dowrich-Phillips |title=Yaadcore promotes the spliff, talks collab with Lee "Scratch" Perry |url=https://jamaica.loopnews.com/content/yaadcore-promotes-spliff-talks-collab-lee-scratch-perry |website=Loop News |access-date=27 August 2023 |date=9 September 2021 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Sasha Lee |title=A Conversation With Yaadcore: Radical Selector Turned Reggae Ambassador |url=https://www.dancehallmag.com/2021/08/27/features/interviews/a-conversation-with-yaadcore-radical-selector-turned-reggae-ambassador.html |website=DancehallMag |access-date=27 August 2023 |date=27 August 2021}}</ref> ==Marejeo== [[Jamii:Waimbaji wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] 6eonjxsf10xhs40z7tz2qx4t6d8x9ru 0 200637 1547886 1396531 2026-05-21T20:52:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547886 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Uwanja wa Michezo wa McKellar Park ''' ni uwanja wa [[mpira wa miguu]] nchini [[Australia]]. Ulizinduliwa kwenye mji wa [[Canberra]] nchini Australia. Uwanja huu hutumiwa na timu ya taifa ya soka ya wanawake ya Australia, Canberra United FC na una uwezo wa kuhifadhi mashabiki 3,500.<ref name="MCKELLARCONSTRUCTION">{{cite web | url = http://www.projectcoord.com.au/projects/belconnen-soccer-club-mckellar-grandstand.html | title = Belconnen Soccer Club McKellar Grandstand | publisher = www.projectcoord.com.au | access-date = 2017-01-31 | archive-date = 2017-03-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170313225354/http://www.projectcoord.com.au/projects/belconnen-soccer-club-mckellar-grandstand.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Viwanja vya michezo Australia]] 4ano1cp4mzhsr7dsgv2g9j0lbr4vpaw 0 201022 1547765 1547302 2026-05-21T17:03:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Shirikisho la Mpira wa Kikapu la Jamhuri ya Srpska''' (Kiserbia: ''Кошаркашки савез Републике Српске, Košarkaški savez Republike Srpske''), linalojulikana kwa kifupi kama '''KSRS''', ni shirikisho la mpira wa kikapu ambalo hupanga mashindano ya vilabu vya mpira wa kikapu katika Jamhuri ya Srpska. Shirikisho hili linashirikiana na Wizara ya Familia, Vijana na Michezo ya Jamhuri ya Srpska. Pia ni mwanachama kamili wa Muungano wa Michezo wa Jamhuri ya Srpska na lina ushirikiano na Shirikisho la Mpira wa Kikapu la Serbia.<ref>[https://desavanjaubijeljini.com/aleksandar-durdevic-saradnja-sa-kosarkaskim-savezom-srbije-je-temelj-naseg-napretka-foto/169670/ Aleksandar Đurđević: „Saradnja sa Košarkaškim savezom Srbije je temelj našeg napretka“ (foto)]</ref> Ligi ya Kwanza ya Republika Srpska ni mashindano ya mpira wa vikapu ya daraja la pili nchini Bosnia na Herzegovina baada ya Ligi ya Kwanza ya Bosnia na Herzegovina. ==Mashindano== Shirikisho la Mpira wa Kikapu la Jamhuri ya Srpska linaandaa mashindano yafuatayo ya mpira wa vikapu katika eneo lake: *Kombe la Mpira wa Kikapu la Jamhuri ya Srpska *[[Ligi ya Kwanza ya Mpira wa Kikapu ya Republika Srpska|Ligi ya Kwanza ya Mpira wa Kikapu ya Meridianbet ya Wanaume ya Jamhuri ya Srpska]] <ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=https://olovka.info/tag/meridian-prva-kosarkaska-liga-republike-srpske/ |title=Meridian Prva košarkaška liga republike srpske |accessdate=2025-02-10 |archive-date=2025-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250214225230/https://olovka.info/tag/meridian-prva-kosarkaska-liga-republike-srpske/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://www.nezavisne.com/sport/kosarka/Potpisan-trogodisnji-ugovor-Meridian-novi-sponzor-KS-RS/867891#google_vignette Potpisan trogodišnji ugovor: Meridian novi sponzor KS RS]</ref> *[[Ligi ya Kwanza ya Mpira wa Kikapu kwa Wanawake ya Republika Srpska|Ligi ya Kwanza ya Mpira wa Kikapu ya Wanawake ya Meridianbet ya Jamhuri ya Srpska]] *Ligi ya Pili ya Mpira wa Kikapu ya Wanaume ya Jamhuri ya Srpska (Kundi "Magharibi") *Ligi ya Pili ya Mpira wa Kikapu ya Wanaume ya Jamhuri ya Srpska (Kundi "Mashariki") *Ligi ya Pili ya Mpira wa Kikapu ya Wanaume ya Jamhuri ya Srpska (Kundi "Kituo") *Ligi ndogo za mpira wa vikapu ==Shirika== Usimamizi wa shirikisho uko chini ya kamati nne za mpira wa kikapu kwa kila mkoa: *Banja Luka *Bijeljina na Bratunac *Romanija - Herzegovina na Bileća *Doboj na Modrica ==Marejeo== {{reflist}} ==Viungo vya nje== * [https://ks.rs.ba Tovuti rasmi] {{mbegu-michezo}} [[Jamii:Mpira wa kikapu]] [[Jamii:michezo nchini Bosnia na Herzegovina]] 6owiej9vdghpeld1ek4f6uien76hg1l 0 201115 1547911 1529247 2026-05-21T23:10:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547911 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Warren Pitt AM''' ([[14 Machi]] [[1948]] – [[7 Februari]] [[2025]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Australia]]. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Labour katika Bunge la Kutunga Sheria la [[Queensland]] kutoka [[1989]] hadi [[1995]] na tena kutoka [[1998]] hadi [[2009]].<ref name="qp">{{cite web|title=Former Members|publisher=[[Parliament of Queensland]]|year=2015|url=http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/members/former/bio?id=4076904341|accessdate=11 February 2015|archive-date=2018-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702175813/http://www.parliament.qld.gov.au/members/former/bio?id=4076904341|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari|date=2025-02-07|title=Former Queensland Labor MP Warren Pitt dies|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-02-07/warren-pitt-mulgrave-former-labor-mp-dies/104909946|access-date=2025-02-07|work=ABC News|language=en-AU}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-siasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1948]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Australia]] fqccxbep3vuuml66xr04bin5idy7yla 2 204843 1547754 1545398 2026-05-21T16:45:37Z ~2026-30559-76 89530 Early life 1547754 wikitext text/x-wiki Michael Alacoque Michael Alacoque is a Tanzanian-Korean entrepreneur, pharmacist, actor, fashion model, and creative media personality based in Dar es Salaam. He is recognized for his growing influence in business, fashion, entertainment, and digital branding. Born on August 6, 1995, in Sumbawanga, Michael Alacoque developed an early interest in entrepreneurship, creativity, and public communication. Over the years, he expanded his work across multiple industries, combining healthcare, fashion, media, and business innovation. '''Early life and education''' Michael Alacoque was born in Sumbawanga, Tanzania, where he spent his early years developing interests in entrepreneurship, fashion, media, and the creative arts. His upbringing contributed to his interest in leadership, personal development, and cross-cultural engagement. In pursuit of broader educational and professional opportunities, Alacoque later relocated to Dar es Salaam, where he became involved in entrepreneurship, branding, fashion, and digital media. His experiences in Tanzania’s commercial capital contributed significantly to his professional growth and public profile. Alacoque later relocated to Seoul, South Korea, where he continued his academic and professional development. He studied at Seoul National University, an experience that expanded his international exposure and strengthened his interest in global business, fashion, media, and cultural exchange. Alongside his professional activities, Alacoque pursued work in acting, fashion modeling, and content creation. He later became involved in the development of ''The Fantasy Season 1'', a thriller-drama web series set in South Africa, reflecting his interest in contemporary African storytelling and visual media. His journey from Sumbawanga to Seoul has been associated with his broader ambition to establish an international presence connecting African creativity, entrepreneurship, and global cultural exchange. nw71i2nb1guahyt9tqnguki5cqtma19 1547780 1547754 2026-05-21T17:19:43Z ~2026-30559-76 89530 /* */ biography for Michael Alacoque 1547780 wikitext text/x-wiki Michael Alacoque Michael Alacoque is a Tanzanian-Korean entrepreneur, pharmacist, actor, fashion model, and creative media personality based in Dar es Salaam. He is recognized for his growing influence in business, fashion, entertainment, and digital branding. Born on August 6, 1995, in Sumbawanga, Michael Alacoque developed an early interest in entrepreneurship, creativity, and public communication. Over the years, he expanded his work across multiple industries, combining healthcare, fashion, media, and business innovation. '''Early life and education''' Michael Alacoque was born in Sumbawanga, Tanzania, where he spent his early years developing interests in entrepreneurship, fashion, media, and the creative arts. His upbringing contributed to his interest in leadership, personal development, and cross-cultural engagement. In pursuit of broader educational and professional opportunities, Alacoque later relocated to Dar es Salaam, where he became involved in entrepreneurship, branding, fashion, and digital media. His experiences in Tanzania’s commercial capital contributed significantly to his professional growth and public profile. Alacoque later relocated to Seoul, South Korea, where he continued his academic and professional development. He studied at Seoul National University, an experience that expanded his international exposure and strengthened his interest in global business, fashion, media, and cultural exchange. Alongside his professional activities, Alacoque pursued work in acting, fashion modeling, and content creation. He later became involved in the development of ''The Fantasy Season 1'', a thriller-drama web series set in South Africa, reflecting his interest in contemporary African storytelling and visual media. His journey from Sumbawanga to Seoul has been associated with his broader ambition to establish an international presence connecting African creativity, entrepreneurship, and global cultural exchange. '''Career and religion''' Michael Alacoque has built a multidisciplinary career spanning entrepreneurship, healthcare, fashion, media, and entertainment. After beginning his professional journey in Dar es Salaam, he became involved in branding, digital media, fashion modeling, and creative development, later expanding his interests internationally through academic and cultural experiences in Seoul. Alongside his entrepreneurial and creative activities, Alacoque pursued acting and content creation, including involvement in the development of ''The Fantasy Season 1'', a thriller-drama series set in South Africa. His work has been associated with contemporary African storytelling, fashion culture, and global media influence. Alacoque is also known for integrating elements of faith and spirituality into his personal philosophy and public identity. As a Catholic Christian affiliated with the Catholic Church, he has described faith as an important influence on his values, discipline, and long-term vision. He has additionally expressed admiration for Margaret Mary Alacoque, whom he regards as a spiritual patron and inspiration. His adoption of the name “Alacoque” has been associated with his connection to Catholic spirituality and the legacy of the French saint. j5mf0yw4tgkc5fuxhm3nxrc7gtapl3y 0 204937 1547889 1528709 2026-05-21T21:21:32Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Valeria Flores''' (pia anaitwa '''val flores'''; alizaliwa [[12 Januari]] [[1973]]) ni [[mwandishi]], mwalimu na mtetezi wa wasagaji wa [[Argentina]]. <ref name=":3">{{cite book |title=una lengua cosida de relámpagos|last=flores|first=val|publisher=hekht|year=2019|isbn=978-987-4954-05-3}}</ref> Amejitolea kwa nadharia ya kitambo na ufeministi wa jinsia moja. Anaandika insha za kinadharia zinazojulikana na uandishi wa ushairi, na ushairi. Miongoni mwa vitabu vyake vilivyochapishwa ni interruqciones. ''Ensayos de poética activist, Deslenguada''. ''Desbordes de una proletaria del lenguaje''<ref>{{cite news |title=Lengua larga|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/soy/1-1892-2011-03-11.html|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref> na ''El sótano de San Telmo''. Una barricada proletaria para el deseo lésbico en los 70. Yeye pia hufanya maonyesho na warsha kama aina za uingiliaji wa kisiasa, urembo na ufundishaji.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://17edu.org/val-flores/|title=val flores}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://editorialmadreselva.com.ar/book-author/valeria-flores/|title=Valeria Flores – Madreselva|first=Valeria|last=Flores}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Performance de arte y política Tarde de sexo (en) público en un museo de La Plata|url=https://www.clarin.com/cultura/sexo-publico-museo-plata_0_B93PDFIed.html|last=Patricia Kolesnicov|date=5 July 2019|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref> == Wasifu == Mzaliwa wa Buenos Aires, akiwa na umri wa miaka mitatu alihamia [[Neuquén]] na familia yake. Huko, alifanya kazi kama mwalimu wa msingi katika shule za umma katika jiji la Neuquén kwa miaka 15. Yeye ni Mwalimu wa Elimu ya Msingi, na alianza kazi kadhaa za chuo kikuu ambazo "aliziacha", kwa hivyo mafunzo yake kama mwandishi wa kiakili na wa kinadharia yanatokana na mazoezi ya kujifundisha. Anaishi katika jiji la Buenos Aires. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://herder.com.mx/es/autores-writers/valeria-flores|title=Valeria Flores &#124; Editorial Herder MX}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=valeria flores: "Pienso lesbiana como un espacio epistemológico y de producción teórica"|url=https://latinta.com.ar/2019/06/valeria-flores-pienso-lesbiana-como-un-espacio-epistemologico-y-de-produccion-teorica/|last=Jorge Díaz y Francisca Palma|date=28 June 2019|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal|access-date=13 April 2021|last=Alvarado|date=2019|doi=10.12957/childphilo.2019.38630|first=Mariana|periodical=Childhood & Philosophy, Vol. 15, E38630|title=Pedagogías cuir y feminismos rapsódicos en/desde valeria flores|volume=15 |pages=1–15 |s2cid=242328824 |url=https://www.redalyc.org/jatsRepo/5120/512059810021/html/index.html|hdl=11336/121322|hdl-access=free}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref name=":2">{{cite news |title=Alteraciones del pulso de la vida: val flores y la pregunta por el sexo en el espacio público educativo|url=https://ffyh.unc.edu.ar/alfilo/alteraciones-del-pulso-de-la-vida-val-flores-y-la-pregunta-por-el-sexo-en-el-espacio-publico-educativo/|last=Enrico|first=Juliana|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref> Alikuwa mwanzilishi mwenza wa kikundi cha wanawake cha La Revuelta mnamo [[2001]], na mnamo 2004 aliondoka kwenye kikundi hicho kwa sababu ya tofauti za kibinafsi na kisiasa. Mwaka huo, aliunda Fugitivas del Desierto – lesbianas feministas, shirika la wasagaji ambalo lilitekeleza uingiliaji wa kisiasa, urembo, na kinadharia huko Neuquén, Ajentina (2004–2008). Pamoja na mshairi na mwanaharakati wa wasagaji, Macky Corbalán, kati ya 2014 na [[2015]], alichapisha jarida la wasagaji na wanawake ''"La Sociedad de las Extranas"'', likiwa na mzunguko wa kila mwezi. Kichwa hiki kinatokana na dondoo kutoka kwa Virginia Woolf: "na sisi, ambao tutasalia wageni, tutajaribu", kutoka kwa kitabu Three Guineas.<ref>{{cite news |title=Graciela Alonso: maestra feminista inspiradora|url=https://vaconfirma.com.ar/?articulos_seccion_11564/id_10853/graciela-alonso-maestra-feminista-inspiradora-|date=16 March 2020|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|access-date=13 April 2021|last=Gutiérrez|date=2017|first=María Laura|periodical=Tesis de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Buenos Aires|title=Imágenes de lo posible. Intervenciones y visibilidades feministas en las prácticas artísticas en Argentina (1986–2013).|url=https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/82843/CONICET_Digital_Nro.0a500501-05ad-4131-97fe-9b2270c185c3_A.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y|archive-date=2024-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240512115358/https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/82843/CONICET_Digital_Nro.0a500501-05ad-4131-97fe-9b2270c185c3_A.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y|url-status=dead}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite book |title=VVAA. Itinerarios de la transgresión. Políticas, sujetos y experiencias.|last=ANASTASÍA, P. y BOCCARDI, F.|publisher=Comunicarte|pages=213–231|year=2012}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{cite news |title=LAS "FUGITIVAS DEL DESIERTO"|url=http://www1.rionegro.com.ar/diario/debates/2006/11/19/4195.php|last=Burton|first=Gerardo|date=19 November 2006|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.rimaweb.com.ar/|title=RIMA web|website=RIMA web|accessdate=2025-03-10|archive-date=2025-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319101537/https://www.rimaweb.com.ar/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo [[2009]] aliunda blogi ya kibinafsi "maandishi ya uzushi" ambayo anachapisha maandishi yake ya kinadharia, ya ushairi na ya kibinafsi. Mnamo mwaka wa [[2011]], huko Buenos Aires, alikuwa sehemu ya shirika la Majadiliano muhimu ya Wanaharakati wa Wasagaji. Mwaka huo huo alianzisha hifadhi ya kidijitali ya uharakati wa wasagaji wa Argentina, Potencia Tortillera (2011–2015), ambayo inalenga kurejesha kumbukumbu ya kuwepo kwa wasagaji wa ndani na uanaharakati. Mnamo 2012, alishiriki kama mratibu wa ''I Celebración de las Amantes''. ''Jornadas de orgullo y disidencia lesbiana'', huko [[Córdoba]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://escritoshereticos.blogspot.com/|title=escritos herèticos}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=MOVIMIENTOS.Potencia Tortillera, archivo del activismo lésbico|url=http://www.laizquierdadiario.com/Potencia-Tortillera-archivo-del-activismo-lesbico|last=Peralta|first=María Luisa|date=12 November 2014|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.ciacentro.org.ar/agentes_2014#2014_1727|title=Agentes 2014 &#124; Centro de Investigaciones Artísticas|website=www.ciacentro.org.ar|accessdate=2025-03-10|archive-date=2023-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204155714/http://ciacentro.org.ar/agentes_2014#2014_1727|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.rimaweb.com.ar/articulos/2011/%E2%80%9Cla-celebracion-de-las-amantes%E2%80%9D-primera-comunicacion/ |title="La celebración de las amantes" Jornadas de orgullo y disidencia lesbiana |accessdate=2025-03-10 |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414033922/http://www.rimaweb.com.ar/articulos/2011/%e2%80%9cla-celebracion-de-las-amantes%e2%80%9d-primera-comunicacion/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mnamo 2013, pamoja na Macky Corbalán, aliunda shirika huru la uchapishaji La Mondonga Dark, mradi ambao ulitaka kusambaza sauti ambazo hazijachapishwa na za majaribio katika uwanja wa fasihi. Shirika la uchapishaji lilikoma kuwepo wakati Macky Corbalán alipoaga dunia mwaka wa 2014. <ref>{{cite news |title=Vísceras de lenguaje|url=https://www.lmneuquen.com/visceras-lenguaje-n170802|date=6 December 2012|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref> Mnamo Agosti 2013, pamoja na Noe Gall na wanaharakati wengine wa wasagaji, aliunda na kusambaza Tangazo la Wasagaji Wanaopendelea Jinsia Wanaopendelea Wafanyabiashara ya Ngono, ili kukabiliana na maendeleo ya kupinga ufeministi na kuharamishwa kwa wafanyabiashara ya ngono kutokana na sheria za kupinga biashara haramu. Kwa sasa, Flores anazalisha kazi ya mwanaharakati wa kiakili. <ref>{{cite news |title=Entre la extranjería y la solidaridad|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/las12/13-8303-2013-09-13.html|last=Lacombe|first=Andrea|date=13 September 2013|access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Mnamo 2021, Flores alichapisha ''Romper el corazón del mundo''. Modos fugitivos de hacer teoría.<ref name=":4">{{Rejea jarida |last=Cordone |first=Gabriela |date=2022 |title=Review of Val flores: Romper el corazón del mundo. Modos fugitivos de hacer teoría. |url=https://revistascientificas.us.es/index.php/PH/article/download/20793/19878 |journal=Philologia Hispalensis |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=197–200|doi=10.12795/PH.2022.v36.i02.11 |s2cid=254618467 |doi-access=free }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Argentina]] [[Jamii:Feminism and Folklore 2025 in Tanzania]] g0g4abwoy8ysqm9fvshkdzhw9qyhntj 0 207349 1548135 1430556 2026-05-22T08:37:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548135 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Football player infobox|tareheyakuzaliwa={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1989|9|3}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cafonline.com/userfiles/file/Comp/AWC2013/List_of_players.pdf |title=List of players of the 8th African Women Championship, EQUATORIAL GUINEA 2012 |date=2012 |work=cafonline.com |page=14 |archive-date=22 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130222184107/http://www.cafonline.com/userfiles/file/Comp/AWC2013/List_of_players.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} '''Arlette Mafuta Maluvuidi''' (aliyezaliwa 3 Septemba 1989), anafahamika kama '''Arlette Mafuta''', ni mwanasoka wa DR Congo ambaye anacheza kama [[Kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] . Alikuwa mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya wanawake ya DR Congo . == Kazi ya kimataifa == === Ngazi ya Vijana === Mafuta aliwakilisha timu ya taifa ya wasichana chini ya miaka 20 ya DR Congo katika '''Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la Wasichana chini ya Miaka 20 mwaka 2006''', lililofanyika nchini Urusi. Katika mashindano hayo, aliingia kama mchezaji wa akiba katika dakika ya 79 dhidi ya Ufaransa, na alianza mechi ya pili dhidi ya Argentina. Mafuta aliichezea DR Congo katika ngazi ya juu wakati wa Mashindano ya Wanawake ya Afrika ya 2006 na Mashindano ya Wanawake ya Afrika ya 2012 ; <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921083549/http://www.cafonline.com/userfiles/file/Comp/AWC2013/comq10.pdf|url=http://www.cafonline.com/userfiles/file/Comp/AWC2013/comq10.pdf|archivedate=21 September 2013|accessdate=2 August 2020|work=CAF|title=8th African Women Championship - Match No 10}}</ref> alifunga bao moja dhidi ya Afrika Kusini. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.afrik-foot.com/can-feminine-2013-l-afrique-du-sud-en-demies-la-rd-congo-au-tapis|title=CAN Féminine 2012 : L’Afrique du Sud en demies, la RD Congo au tapis|language=French|work=afrik-foot.com|date=4 November 2012|accessdate=2025-06-07|archive-date=2025-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120081432/https://www.afrik-foot.com/can-feminine-2013-l-afrique-du-sud-en-demies-la-rd-congo-au-tapis|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == * '''Shirikisho la Soka la Afrika (CAF)'''. ''Orodha ya wachezaji wa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika kwa Wanawake, toleo la 8'', lililofanyika nchini '''Guinea ya Ikweta mwaka 2012'''. Kupatikana kwenye: cafonline.com * '''FIFA'''. ''Kombe la Dunia la FIFA kwa Wasichana chini ya Miaka 20 – Urusi 2006 – Orodha ya Wachezaji''. Kupatikana kwenye: fifa.com == Tanbihi == {{marejeo}} {{BD|1989|}} {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:wachezaji mpira wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] lj569yt6g5zrqev0eympnhlaiehvhw6 0 208440 1547890 1463792 2026-05-21T21:31:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547890 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vanessa Umba''' ni [[rubani]] mtaalamu kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]. Alikuwa mwanamke wa pili kuwa rubani wa ndege za abiria, kabla ya kuandika historia kama nahodha wa kwanza wa kike katika kampuni ya ndege ya Gulf Air. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Vanessa Umba, la pilote congolaise que s’arrachent les compagnies asiatiques|url=hhttps://www.africatopsuccess.com/vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-que-sarrachent-les-compagnies-asiatiques/|accessdate=18 Mars 2022}}.</ref> . == Wasifu == Vanessa Umba ni mwanamke wa Kongo ambaye anafanya vyema katika nyanja ya urubani, hata hivyo hadi alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 16, alikuwa bado hajajua ni kazi gani angeifuata katika siku zijazo <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Qatar : Vanessa Umba, la pilote congolaise qui excelle au Moyen-Orient|url=https://africanshapers.com/qatar-vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-qui-excelle-au-moyen-orient/|accessdate=19 Mars 2022}}.</ref> . === Ajira === Alianza kazi yake ya urubani huko Brussels, katika Chuo cha Ndege cha Sabena (sasa Kituo cha Mafunzo cha CAE), shirika la ndege la Ubelgiji mwaka wa 1999. Mnamo 2003, alikua rubani mwenza wa ndege ya kibiashara ya BAe 146 na Brussels Airlines . Alijiunga na Gulf Air mwaka wa 2006 ambapo alipanda hadi kuwa nahodha wa kwanza wa kike kuendesha ndege za masafa marefu (Airbus A330/A340) mwaka wa 2011 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Vanessa Umba, la pilote congolaise qui a conquis les compagnies de l’Arabie !|url=https://www.culturebene.com/56140-vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-qui-a-conquis-les-compagnies-de-larabie.html|accessdate=25 Mars 2022|archive-date=2025-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517033253/https://www.culturebene.com/56140-vanessa-umba-la-pilote-congolaise-qui-a-conquis-les-compagnies-de-larabie.html|url-status=dead}}.</ref> . Mnamo 2017, akiwa na umri wa miaka 39, Vanessa Umba alijiunga na shirika la ndege [[Qatar Airways|la Qatar Airways]] kama rubani wa ndege kabla ya kuwa mwalimu katika 2018 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=fr|last=|title=Vanessa Umba, une pilote congolaise au service de Qatar Airways|url=http://www.latempete.info/?p=41162|accessdate=25 Mars 2022}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref> . == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1980|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] pddrs1ldahsrwkek7jz1eykqf220oyb 4 208508 1547616 1547614 2026-05-21T12:00:32Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1547616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-21) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-21)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 668 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 738 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3100 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1051 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2103 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 285 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 389 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 476 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 501 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 251 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1146 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 736 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 881 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 226 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 274 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 461 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 320 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 326 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 300 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 369 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 303 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 436 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 195 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34924 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 30015 || ↑ +6.4% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 173.5 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3100 || ↑ +7.4% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 1146 || ↓ -9.0% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1051 || ↓ -15.1% |- | 4 || [[Uingereza]] || 881 || ↑ +91.5% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 738 || ↑ +24.2% |- | 6 || [[Ufaransa]] || 736 || ↑ +115.2% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 668 || ↑ +8.3% |- | 8 || [[Burundi]] || 501 || ↓ -8.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 491 || ↑ +9.8% |- | 10 || [[San Marino]] || 480 || ↑ +2185.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 705 || 44.5% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 24.8% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.6% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 93 || 5.9% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} 11lxg4eckobwzgc0ms5h71t08ci25sf 1547826 1547616 2026-05-21T18:29:56Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1547826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-21) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-21)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 668 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 738 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3100 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1051 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2103 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 285 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 389 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 476 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 501 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 251 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1146 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 196 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 736 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 881 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 226 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 308 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 274 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 461 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 320 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 326 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 150 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 300 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 369 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 303 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 164 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 436 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 195 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 138 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34924 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 32374 || ↑ +6.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 187.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3100 || ↑ +7.4% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 1146 || ↓ -9.0% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1051 || ↓ -15.1% |- | 4 || [[Uingereza]] || 881 || ↑ +91.5% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 738 || ↑ +24.2% |- | 6 || [[Ufaransa]] || 736 || ↑ +115.2% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 668 || ↑ +8.3% |- | 8 || [[Burundi]] || 501 || ↓ -8.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 491 || ↑ +9.8% |- | 10 || [[San Marino]] || 480 || ↑ +2185.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 703 || 44.5% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 24.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.6% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 93 || 5.9% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} o0l2a78levvzbywgreorgjtinv5s5lw 1547829 1547826 2026-05-21T18:32:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1547829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-21) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-21)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 668 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 738 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3100 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1096 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2189 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 295 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 389 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 476 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 501 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1164 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 749 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 881 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 226 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 313 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 274 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 461 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 320 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 326 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 374 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 303 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 436 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 195 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34924 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 32374 || ↑ +6.9% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 187.1 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Tanzania]] || 3100 || ↑ +7.4% |- | 2 || [[Irani]] || 1146 || ↓ -9.0% |- | 3 || [[Marekani]] || 1051 || ↓ -15.1% |- | 4 || [[Uingereza]] || 881 || ↑ +91.5% |- | 5 || [[Kenya]] || 738 || ↑ +24.2% |- | 6 || [[Ufaransa]] || 736 || ↑ +115.2% |- | 7 || [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 668 || ↑ +8.3% |- | 8 || [[Burundi]] || 501 || ↓ -8.7% |- | 9 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 491 || ↑ +9.8% |- | 10 || [[San Marino]] || 480 || ↑ +2185.7% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 703 || 44.5% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 24.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.6% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 93 || 5.9% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} 560xdym9lganlb6tpl9mma9rx78ee0c 1548198 1547829 2026-05-22T10:38:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 Sasisha Takwimu za mradi 1548198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-21) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-21)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 668 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 738 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3100 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1096 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2189 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 491 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 295 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 389 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 476 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 501 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 261 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1164 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 202 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 139 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 749 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 217 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 881 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 423 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 280 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 226 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 211 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 313 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 191 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 298 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 274 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 461 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 230 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 320 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 326 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 206 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 246 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 221 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 127 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 306 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 374 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 69 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 303 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 165 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 436 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 102 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 140 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 134 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 238 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 195 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 171 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 176 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 141 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 111 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 136 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 35 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 163 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 46 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 143 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 121 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 52 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 157 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 44 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 103 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 58 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 203 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 29 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 129 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 9 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 123 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 80 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 108 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 75 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 15 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 16 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 83 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 38 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 25 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 65 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 4 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 18 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34927 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 12138 || ↑ +0.1% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 70.2 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Irani]] || 1131 || ↓ -9.5% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1063 || ↓ -14.4% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 740 || ↑ +20.7% |- | 4 || [[Ufaransa]] || 726 || ↑ +106.8% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 529 || ↑ +17.0% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 490 || ↓ -11.1% |- | 7 || [[Uturuki]] || 426 || ↓ -13.4% |- | 8 || [[Australia]] || 366 || ↑ +17.3% |- | 9 || [[Hispania]] || 276 || ↑ +27.8% |- | 10 || [[Nigeria]] || 246 || ↓ -0.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 700 || 44.3% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 24.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.6% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 96 || 6.1% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} fb7m001ajli45bxu9w69ro5moxefn4n 1548202 1548198 2026-05-22T10:41:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 CAQI Bot updated with page views column 1548202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Redirect|WP:Mradi/Nchi|maelezo kuhusu nchi|nchi}} {{Kigezo:Mradi/Nchi}} == Yaliyomo == <div style="margin: 1em 0; background-color:#E0F8E0; border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; border-left: 5px solid #a2a9b1; line-height: 1.6;"> Kuna mradi mpya wa kujadili majina ya makala za nchi katika Kiswahili. Ili kushiriki, angalia [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]]. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="display: inline; font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 13:46, 14 Mei 2026 (UTC) </div> == Mwongozo == ===Sanduku/Jedwali la taarifa=== '''Sanduku la taarifa''' kwa kawaida huonekana kando ya makala katika mwonekano wa [[kompyuta]], ilhali katika mwonekano wa simu huenda likaonekana baada ya aya ya kwanza ya utangulizi. Hutoa muhtasari mfupi wa mambo muhimu kuhusu nchi na husaidia wasomaji kuelewa kwa haraka taarifa muhimu zaidi. Katika [[Wikipedia ya Kiswahili]], sanduku la taarifa la kawaida linalotumiwa kwa makala za nchi ni '''<nowiki>{{Jedwali la nchi}}</nowiki>'''. Ni muhimu kujumuisha [[tarehe]] na marejeo kwa data zote za kihalisi ili masasisho yaweze kufanywa kwa urahisi na kwa usahihi. Sanduku la taarifa linapaswa kuwa na angalau vigezo 20 pale inapowezekana. ===Utangulizi=== {{Main|Wikipedia:Sehemu ya Utangulizi}} Sehemu hii hutoa muhtasari wa jumla wa nchi na kufupisha mambo makuu yanayoshughulikiwa katika makala. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu zifuatazo: ====Aya ya Utangulizi==== Hii ndiyo aya ya kwanza ya makala. Inapaswa kuwa na maelezo muhimu zaidi, kama vile [[jina rasmi]], nchi jirani, idadi ya watu, ukubwa wa eneo la [[jiografia|kijiografia]], jiji kubwa zaidi, [[mji mkuu]], na [[lugha rasmi]]. Huenda pia ikajumuisha maelezo mafupi kuhusu kile ambacho nchi hiyo inajulikana nacho. Aya ya mwanzo inapaswa kuwa wazi, rahisi, na iliyoandikwa vizuri, na kwa kawaida inapaswa kuwa na ukubwa wa takribani baiti 500 hadi 800. Mfano: </br> {{Blockquote| '''Kanada''', ni [[nchi]] iliyoko katika [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]]. Inapakana na [[Bahari ya Atlantiki]] mashariki, [[Bahari ya Pasifiki]] magharibi, [[Bahari ya Aktiki]] kaskazini, na [[Marekani]] bara kusini. Kanada ina idadi ya wakazi takriban milioni 41 mwaka 2025 na kuwa ya 37 duniani kwa idadi ya watu, huku ikiwa na eneo la pili kubwa zaidi duniani baada ya [[Urusi]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Ottawa]], na jiji kubwa zaidi ni [[Toronto]], likifuatiwa na [[Montreal]] na [[Vancouver]]. Lugha rasmi ni [[Kiingereza]] na [[Kifaransa]], na Kanada inajulikana kwa msitu na maziwa yake mengi, mfumo wa [[siasa|kisiasa]] wa [[demokrasia|kidemokrasia]] wa kifederali, utofauti wa [[Utamaduni|kitamaduni]], viwango vya juu vya maisha, na kuwa miongoni mwa mataifa tajiri na yenye ushawishi mkubwa duniani.}} ====Aya zinazofuata==== Aya hizi zinapaswa kuendelea kufupisha nchi kwa kuzungumzia kwa ufupi mada kama [[historia]], [[jiografia]], [[uchumi]], [[siasa]], na maendeleo ya sasa. Zinapaswa kubaki fupi na zenye taarifa muhimu, bila kuwa ndefu kupita kiasi. Kwa hakika, kunapaswa kuwa na angalau aya mbili na zisizozidi nne katika sehemu ya utangulizi ili kudumisha usomaji rahisi na kuboresha urambazaji. Hakuna picha zinazopaswa kuwekwa katika sehemu hii. ===Mwili=== Hii ndiyo sehemu kuu ya makala na ina taarifa za kina kuhusu nchi. Kwa kawaida hugawanywa katika sehemu kuu zilizopangwa kwa mpangilio wa kimantiki. Mwili unapaswa kuwa na maudhui ya kutosha ili kuwa na manufaa, lakini haupaswi kuwa mrefu kupita kiasi au kumchosha msomaji. Picha zinazohusiana zinaweza kuongezwa katika kila sehemu ili kuboresha uwazi na uwasilishaji. ====Asili ya jina==== Sehemu hii inaeleza chanzo na maana ya jina la nchi. ====Historia==== Hii kwa kawaida ndiyo sehemu kuu ya kwanza ya mwili na inashughulikia matukio makuu ya kihistoria ya nchi. Inaweza kugawanywa katika sehemu ndogo kama vile historia ya awali, historia ya mwanzo, kipindi cha ukoloni, uhuru, na kuundwa kwa taifa la kisasa. ====Jiografia==== Sehemu hii ina taarifa kuhusu sifa za kijiografia za nchi, ikiwa ni pamoja na [[topografia]], [[hali ya hewa]], mifumo ya maji, maeneo asilia, na sifa nyingine za kijiografia. Husaidia wasomaji kuelewa mahali nchi ilipo na mazingira yake ya asili. ====Demografia==== Sehemu hii inawasilisha taarifa za kitakwimu kuhusu idadi ya watu. Huenda ikajumuisha [[Kabila]], [[dini]], [[lugha]], usambazaji wa watu, miji, na data nyingine zinazohusiana. ====Uchumi==== Sehemu hii inaeleza hali ya kiuchumi ya nchi, katika historia na wakati wa sasa. Huenda ikahusu [[Pato la taifa]] (GDP), ukuaji wa uchumi, ajira, [[umaskini]], [[viwanda]], [[biashara]], na vyanzo vikuu vya mapato. ====Serikali na siasa==== Sehemu hii inaeleza mfumo wa sasa wa kisiasa na muundo wa serikali ya nchi. Huenda pia ikajadili aina za awali za serikali, historia ya kisiasa, na changamoto kuu za kisiasa. ====Utamaduni==== Sehemu hii inashughulikia maisha ya kitamaduni ya nchi, ikijumuisha [[mila]], [[chakula|vyakula]], [[muziki]], [[fasihi]], [[sanaa]], [[dini]], na alama za kitaifa. ====Tazama pia==== Sehemu hii ina viungo vya makala zinazohusiana na mada husika. ====Marejeo==== Sehemu hii inaorodhesha vyanzo vilivyotumiwa katika makala. Huenda ikajumuisha nukuu za marejeo, bibliografia, na usomaji zaidi inapofaa. ====Viungo vya nje==== Sehemu hii hutoa viungo vya tovuti rasmi na nyenzo nyingine za nje zilizoaminika zinazohusiana na nchi hiyo. == Makala == {{Chati ya duara | caption= CAQI (2026-05-22) | label1 = Makala Bora | value1 = 7 | color1= green | label2 = Makala Nzuri | value2 = 9 | color2= yellow | label3 = Makala Msingi | value3 = 58 | color3= orange | label4 = Makala ya Chini | value4 = 74 | color4= lightblue | label5 = Mbegu | value5 = 28 | color5= red }} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nchi ! CAQI (2026-05-22)<br /> ! Mitazamo (siku 30)<br /> |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:green" | Makala Bora |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] | 9.23 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 654 |- | [[Kenya]] | 8.99 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 740 |- | [[Ghana]] | 8.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 160 |- | [[Tanzania]] | 8.80 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 3044 |- | [[Marekani]] | 8.76 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1125 |- | [[Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki|EAC]] | 8.25 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 2205 |- | [[Afrika Kusini]] | 8.09 | style="background-color:#3CB371; color:white" | 529 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:yellow" | Makala Nzuri |- | [[Hispania]] | 7.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 288 |- | [[Ethiopia]] | 7.58 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 430 |- | [[Urusi]] | 7.54 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 476 |- | [[Burundi]] | 7.36 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 490 |- | [[Sudan Kusini]] | 7.28 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 155 |- | [[Nigeria]] | 7.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 255 |- | [[Australia]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 366 |- | [[Irani]] | 7.15 | style="background-color:#006400; color:white" | 1145 |- | [[Somalia]] | 7.09 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 190 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:orange" | Makala Msingi |- | [[Senegal]] | 6.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Ufaransa]] | 6.68 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 742 |- | [[Italia]] | 6.23 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 213 |- | [[Falme za Kiarabu]] | 6.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 220 |- | [[Laos]] | 5.95 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 31 |- | [[Uingereza]] | 5.93 | style="background-color:#228B22; color:white" | 877 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] | 5.59 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 410 |- | [[Rwanda]] | 5.49 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 269 |- | [[Korea Kaskazini]] | 5.44 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 197 |- | [[Mali]] | 5.42 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 219 |- | [[Korea Kusini]] | 5.34 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 193 |- | [[Ufini]] | 5.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Uswisi]] | 5.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 200 |- | [[Israeli]] | 5.15 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] | 5.05 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 175 |- | [[Ujerumani]] | 4.83 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 301 |- | [[Niger]] | 4.79 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Misri]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 274 |- | [[Uganda]] | 4.78 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 452 |- | [[Afghanistan]] | 4.70 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Shelisheli]] | 4.68 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 214 |- | [[Japani]] | 4.66 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 305 |- | [[San Marino]] | 4.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 480 |- | [[Chad]] | 4.59 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Austria]] | 4.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 105 |- | [[Kamerun]] | 4.47 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Vatikani]] | 4.43 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 310 |- | [[Gine Bisau]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Ukraini]] | 4.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Sudan]] | 4.39 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Uswidi]] | 4.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 128 |- | [[Uholanzi]] | 4.26 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 201 |- | [[Kanada]] | 4.17 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 235 |- | [[Kamboja]] | 4.14 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Moroko]] | 4.13 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 169 |- | [[Uhindi]] | 4.08 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 215 |- | [[Malawi]] | 4.05 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 219 |- | [[Pakistani]] | 3.98 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 106 |- | [[Ubelgiji]] | 3.92 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Udeni]] | 3.88 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 56 |- | [[Burkina Faso]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 119 |- | [[Ugiriki]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 293 |- | [[Vietnam]] | 3.84 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | [[Bulgaria]] | 3.82 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Ureno]] | 3.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 372 |- | [[Isilandi]] | 3.77 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Msumbiji]] | 3.76 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 299 |- | [[Aljeria]] | 3.73 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | [[Kazakhstan]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Malta]] | 3.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 159 |- | [[Indonesia]] | 3.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 146 |- | [[Singapuri]] | 3.63 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 122 |- | [[Uturuki]] | 3.62 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 426 |- | [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] | 3.61 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Eritrea]] | 3.60 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Uthai]] | 3.58 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Angola]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Hong Kong]] | 3.52 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 126 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:lightblue" | Makala ya Chini |- | [[Bhutan]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 60 |- | [[Fiji]] | 3.46 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Madagaska]] | 3.45 | style="background-color:#C8E6C9; color:black" | 228 |- | [[Ufalme wa Udeni]] | 3.44 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Palestina]] | 3.43 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 186 |- | [[Cabo Verde]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 101 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] | 3.38 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Syria]] | 3.35 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 137 |- | [[Latvia]] | 3.30 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 167 |- | [[Myanmar]] | 3.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Botswana]] | 3.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Komori]] | 3.20 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 162 |- | [[Liberia]] | 3.16 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Eswatini]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 131 |- | [[Morisi]] | 3.11 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 115 |- | [[Jibuti]] | 3.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 90 |- | [[Omani]] | 3.04 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 117 |- | [[Polandi]] | 3.03 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 154 |- | [[Zimbabwe]] | 3.02 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 145 |- | [[Kosovo]] | 2.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 67 |- | [[Benin]] | 2.93 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 100 |- | [[Brunei]] | 2.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 95 |- | [[Qatar]] | 2.91 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 84 |- | [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Saudia]] | 2.90 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 125 |- | [[Gine ya Ikweta]] | 2.89 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 88 |- | [[Hungaria]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 153 |- | [[Lesotho]] | 2.88 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 112 |- | [[Nyuzilandi]] | 2.86 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 74 |- | [[Sierra Leone]] | 2.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 87 |- | [[Eire]] | 2.80 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Zambia]] | 2.79 | style="background-color:#90EE90; color:black" | 431 |- | [[Liechtenstein]] | 2.78 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 144 |- | [[Gabon]] | 2.74 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 99 |- | [[Azerbaijan]] | 2.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Kroatia]] | 2.68 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Slovenia]] | 2.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Namibia]] | 2.65 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 152 |- | [[Tunisia]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 45 |- | [[Ufilipino]] | 2.64 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 130 |- | [[Kodivaa]] | 2.60 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 110 |- | [[Jamhuri ya China]] | 2.54 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 114 |- | [[Moldova]] | 2.52 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Bahrain]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Norwei]] | 2.51 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 94 |- | [[Luxemburg]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 109 |- | [[Romania]] | 2.49 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 81 |- | [[Yordani]] | 2.48 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 50 |- | [[Mongolia]] | 2.42 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Belarus]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 86 |- | [[Serbia]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 42 |- | [[Turkmenistan]] | 2.41 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Gambia]] | 2.39 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 85 |- | [[Iraki]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 120 |- | [[Nepal]] | 2.37 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 71 |- | [[Timor ya Mashariki]] | 2.34 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 62 |- | [[Tuvalu]] | 2.33 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 149 |- | [[Sri Lanka]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 92 |- | [[Yemen]] | 2.32 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Andorra]] | 2.30 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 53 |- | [[Kirgizia]] | 2.26 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 63 |- | [[Sao Tome na Principe]] | 2.23 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 192 |- | [[Bangladesh]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 93 |- | [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 27 |- | [[Libya]] | 2.22 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 124 |- | [[Armenia]] | 2.19 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 107 |- | [[Welisi]] | 2.14 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 34 |- | [[Ucheki]] | 2.11 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] | 2.10 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Uzbekistan]] | 2.09 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 77 |- | [[Kuwait]] | 2.07 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 116 |- | [[Malaysia]] | 2.06 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 97 |- | [[Kupro]] | 2.04 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 89 |- | colspan="3" style="background-color:red" | Mbegu |- | [[Visiwa vya Cook]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 55 |- | [[Montenegro]] | 1.99 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Nauru]] | 1.98 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 82 |- | [[Ossetia Kusini]] | 1.97 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 8 |- | [[Vanuatu]] | 1.96 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 66 |- | [[Togo]] | 1.95 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 113 |- | [[Albania]] | 1.92 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 72 |- | [[Mauritania]] | 1.91 | style="background-color:#FFA500; color:black" | 104 |- | [[Samoa]] | 1.82 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 70 |- | [[Georgia]] | 1.72 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] | 1.71 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 6 |- | [[Lituanya]] | 1.69 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 64 |- | [[Gine]] | 1.67 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Niue]] | 1.66 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 14 |- | [[Abkhazia]] | 1.58 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Tajikistan]] | 1.55 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 73 |- | [[Maldivi]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Palau]] | 1.53 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 11 |- | [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] | 1.51 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 26 |- | [[Gibraltar]] | 1.41 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 24 |- | [[Estonia]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 32 |- | [[Guam]] | 1.40 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 57 |- | [[Kiribati]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 13 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] | 1.38 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 59 |- | [[Samoa ya Marekani]] | 1.36 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 7 |- | [[Slovakia]] | 1.33 | style="background-color:#FF4444; color:white" | 96 |- | [[Visiwa vya Mariana]] | 1.25 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 5 |- | [[Tonga]] | 1.11 | style="background-color:#8B0000; color:white" | 17 |} ==Takwimu== ===Takwimu za Jumla=== {| class="wikitable" ! Vipimo !! Jumla !! Mabadiliko |- | Jumla ya Makala || 173 || — |- | Jumla ya Hariri (siku zote) || 34927 || — |- | Jumla ya Mitazamo (siku 30) || 12138 || ↑ +0.1% |- | Wastani wa Hariri kwa Makala || 201.9 || — |- | Wastani wa Mitazamo kwa Makala || 70.2 || — |} ===Makala 10 Zilizotazamwa Zaidi (siku 30)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Nafasi !! Makala !! Mitazamo !! Mabadiliko |- | 1 || [[Irani]] || 1131 || ↓ -9.5% |- | 2 || [[Marekani]] || 1063 || ↓ -14.4% |- | 3 || [[Kenya]] || 740 || ↑ +20.7% |- | 4 || [[Ufaransa]] || 726 || ↑ +106.8% |- | 5 || [[Afrika Kusini]] || 529 || ↑ +17.0% |- | 6 || [[Burundi]] || 490 || ↓ -11.1% |- | 7 || [[Uturuki]] || 426 || ↓ -13.4% |- | 8 || [[Australia]] || 366 || ↑ +17.3% |- | 9 || [[Hispania]] || 276 || ↑ +27.8% |- | 10 || [[Nigeria]] || 246 || ↓ -0.8% |- |} ====Wahariri==== Wahariri kuu wa Mradi wa Nchi wa Wikipedia (siku 365) {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Namba !! Jina !! Hariri !! Asilimia |- | 1 || [[User:Gayle157|Gayle157]] || 700 || 44.3% |- | 2 || [[User:Gayle-Bot|Gayle-Bot]] || 393 || 24.9% |- | 3 || [[User:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] || 136 || 8.6% |- | 4 || [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] || 96 || 6.1% |- | 5 || [[User:Kozak2025|Kozak2025]] || 17 || 1.1% |- | 6 || [[User:~2025-60637-6|~2025-60637-6]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 7 || [[User:~2025-61248-5|~2025-61248-5]] || 12 || 0.8% |- | 8 || [[User:Borisherman|Borisherman]] || 10 || 0.6% |- | 9 || [[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] || 8 || 0.5% |- | 10 || [[User:That Js Not Dead|That Js Not Dead]] || 8 || 0.5% |- |} cd4i8qvp7did8jslm35p40lnz88oq9r 3 218201 1547810 1547392 2026-05-21T18:07:20Z Ally0111 85292 /* Makala Bora */ Jibu 1547810 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 12 Desemba 2025 (UTC) ==Vyanzo== Ndugu, hongera kwa juhudi zako, ila naomba upitie makala zako jinsi zilivyorekebishwa ili usirudie makosa yaleyale. Hasa usiache makala bila vyanzo, walau kimoja! Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:58, 23 Desemba 2025 (UTC) :nashukuru kwa hilo nimetambua asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Ally0111|Ally0111]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ally0111#top|majadiliano]])''' 04:07, 24 Desemba 2025 (UTC) ::Mbona unaendelea vilevile? Pitia mabadiliko ya karibuni! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:24, 14 Januari 2026 (UTC) :::sawa nimeona nashukuru '''[[Mtumiaji:Ally0111|Ally0111]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ally0111#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:44, 14 Januari 2026 (UTC) :::Vipi, badala ya kujifunza, unapinga mabadiliko yetu viongozi? Huoni hiyo link imeshakufa? Unafikiri nimeiondoa bure? Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 10:46, 14 Januari 2026 (UTC) ::::tayari nimejifunza nimebadili '''[[Mtumiaji:Ally0111|Ally0111]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ally0111#top|majadiliano]])''' 10:53, 14 Januari 2026 (UTC) == Viungo vya nje == Habari ndugu, Hongera sana kwa michango yako katika Wikipedia ya Kiswahili, hakika unafanya kazi nzuri ijapokua kuna vitu vichache ukiongeza makala zako zitakua bora zaidi. Mojawapo ya kitu cha kuboresha ni kuongeza viungo vya nje nikimaanisha kwamba baada ya kumaliza kuchapisha makala bonyeza mahali palipoandikwa ongeza viungo halafu baada ya hapo utaweka kiungo enwiki kama umetafsiri makala kutoka Wikipedia ya Kingereza. Kazi ya viungo hivi inakua inaoanisha makala moja zilizoandikwa katika lugha tofauti tofauti. Tafadhali usisite kunitafuta ili nikupatie maelekezo zaidi kama hujaelew. Asante, '''[[Mtumiaji:CaliBen|CaliBen]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:CaliBen|majadiliano]])''' 07:08, 15 Januari 2026 (UTC) == Maboresho zaidi == Habari ndugu, Hongera kwa juhudi zako za kuvutia katika kuchangia maudhui kwenye Wikipedia yetu ya Kiswahili. Unafanya kazi nzuri sana kama mchangiaji mpya mwenye juhudi sana. Ila jitahidi kufanya maboresho ya kutosha baada ya kutumia Translation tool, ili kuondoa shaka ya kuonekana kama makala nzima imeandikwa kwa tafrisi ya Kompyuta, kitu ambacho kinashusha sifa ya makala hiyo kuwepo Wikipedia. Kila la kheri '''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 08:52, 26 Januari 2026 (UTC) == Pitia maboresho == Ndugu, hongera kwa juhudi zako, ila naomba upitie makala zako jinsi zilivyorekebishwa ili usirudie makosa yaleyale. Amani kwako '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 12:07, 10 Aprili 2026 (UTC) :Asante nimeona marekebisho yako nitayafanyia kazi kwa makala zinazofuata '''[[Mtumiaji:Ally0111|Ally0111]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ally0111#top|majadiliano]])''' 12:23, 10 Aprili 2026 (UTC) == Mradi wa Nchi == Kumekuwa na migogoro mingi kuhusu majina ya makala za nchi katika Wikipedia, lakini bado hakujawahi kuwa na mjadala wa kina wa kutatua suala hilo. Kuna mradi wa [[Wikipedia:Mradi wa Nchi/Majina ya Nchi]] chini ya [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi]] unaolenga kushughulikia tatizo hili, lakini kufanikisha hilo kunahitaji uhamasishaji na ushiriki mkubwa zaidi wa jamii. Hivyo basi, nawaomba mshiriki katika kusaidia kutatua migogoro hii ya majina; iwe unaunga mkono au unapinga pendekezo lolote, tafadhali toa maoni na mawazo yako. Baadhi ya mapendekezo yanayoweza kuhitaji mjadala mdogo kabla ya kuidhinishwa ni pamoja na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea]] na [[WP:Mradi wa Nchi/Guinea Bisau]], na unaweza kuanza kushiriki huko. Ikiwa una maoni au mapendekezo mengine yoyote, tafadhali nijulishe. [[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|<div style="font-family: 'Georgia', serif; color: #4A90E2;">'''<i>Gayle157^2.0</i>'''</div>]] ([[Mtumiaji:Gayle157|Mtumiaji]]) 05:12, 15 Mei 2026 (UTC) == Makala Bora == Ndugu hongera kwa uandishi wa makala za wikipedia ya kiswahili, Lakini katika makala zako za ivi karibuni zinachangamoto nyingi hasa makala za sayansi unazoandika, Kumbuka atuandiki makala tu ili ziwe nyingi kwa haraka na kuonekana wachangiaji bora, tunaandika ili na wengine watakaosoma wapate uelewa, na ninatambua kua unatumia tafsiri ya kompyuta kuunda makala mfano [[Samuel Paul Welles]], si vibaya endapo utahakikisha makala yako inasomeka na msomaji mwingine akaielewa. Ivyo napendekeza utafsiri makala unazoweza kuelewa kiswahili chake. Amani kwako! '''[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|majadiliano]])''' 03:52, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) :@[[Mtumiaji:Justine Msechu|Justine Msechu]] Ni kweli. Kuandika makala za sayansi kama hujafanya utafiti hata wa awali, hutoboi. Nimesaidia kuipunguza ukakasi wake. [[User:Muddyb|<font color="blue">_'''Muddyb'''</font>]]<font face="Verdana">[[User talk:Muddyb|<font color="gray">^'''Longa'''</font>]]</font> 05:01, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Nimekuelewa ila baadhi ya maneno nilikosa kabisa tafsiri zake baada ya kuyafatilia .Nilijaribu baadhi kuyaandika kwa kirefu (kimaana) na baadhi nimajina ya wanyama mfano dinosauri ambayo sikupata majina yao ya kiswahili.Ila nimesimama kutafsiri haya makala kwasasa juu ya icho nilichokiona nashukuru kwa utambuzi asante '''[[Mtumiaji:Ally0111|Ally0111]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ally0111#top|majadiliano]])''' 18:07, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) 1br5ffzqxdgex58u5xtrd3xqsckoia7 0 218268 1548194 1486629 2026-05-22T10:33:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548194 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Beatrice Alex Akyoo''' ni [[mwanamitindo]] na mlimbwende kutoka nchini [[Tanzania]]. Alishinda taji la [[Miss Grand Tanzania]] mwaka 2025, na aliwakilisha nchi yake kwenye mashindano ya kimataifa ya [[Miss Grand International]] 2025 nchini Vietnam. Katika mashindano hayo, alifanikiwa kuingia katika kumi bora na kushika nafasi ya mshindi wa tano, akiwa mlimbwende wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo kutoka [[Tanzania|Tanzania.]] <ref>{{Cite web|title=BEATRICE ALEX AKYOO • MISS GRAND INTERNATIONAL|url=https://missgrandinternational.com/miss/beatrice-alex-akyoo/|work=MISS GRAND INTERNATIONAL|accessdate=2025-12-13|language=en-US|archive-date=2025-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251213163309/https://missgrandinternational.com/miss/beatrice-alex-akyoo/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Beatrice Akyoo’s colourful path to purpose - Daily News|url=https://dailynews.co.tz/beatrice-akyoos-colourful-path-to-purpose/|date=2025-10-23|accessdate=2025-12-13|language=en-US|author=Woman reporter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Beatrice Alex: Miss Grand Tanzanian envoy strikes gold in Thailand - Daily News|url=https://dailynews.co.tz/beatrice-alex-miss-grand-tanzanian-envoy-strikes-gold-in-thailand/|date=2025-10-16|accessdate=2025-12-13|language=en-US|author=Brighiter Masaki}}</ref> ==Elimu== Akyoo ana Shahada ya Sanaa na Ubunifu (Bachelor of Arts in Fine Arts and Design) kutoka [[Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam]].<ref name=":0" /> ==Marejeo== {{Reflist}} {{mbegu-Mtanzania}} [[Jamii:wanamitindo wa Tanzania]] 9iukuuzm51ducfgyt1vow57cr24xreo 0 219402 1547909 1478316 2026-05-21T23:09:00Z Benson mussa masila 89547 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 1547909 wikitext text/x-wiki [[image:Barrage d'eau sur la Rivière Ndjili.jpg|vignette|thumb|300px|''Bwawa la ulaji wa maji kwenye Mto N'djili huko ([[Kinshasa]], Desemba 2025)]] '''Bwawa la Ndjili''' lina jukumu muhimu sana katika usambazaji wa [[maji]] ya kunywa katika jimbo la [[jiji]] la Kinshasa. Ni kiwanda kikubwa zaidi cha kutibu maji katika [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] na Kinshasa, chenye uwezo mkubwa wa usambazaji maji unaokadiriwa kuwa takriban 220,000 m³ kwa siku, hivyo kukidhi sehemu kubwa ya mahitaji ya maji ya wakazi wa jiji na [[mji mkuu]], [[Kinshasa]].<ref name ="nana1">''fr : https://fr.scribd.com/document/849371220/TdR-ETude-Nouveau-Captage-Usine-de-Ndjili-1, Consulté 27 Décembre 2025</ref>{{,}}<ref name ="adam3">''fr : https://www.memoireonline.com/11/13/8017/m_Etude-systemique-du-bassin-versant-de-la-riviere-N-Djili--Kinshasa47.html, Etude systemique du bassin versant de la riviere N'Djili,Consulté le 27 Décembre 2025</ref>. == Changamoto na Masuala Makuu == * Mto N'Djili unakumbwa na uchafuzi mkubwa wa mazingira, mara nyingi kutokana na mbinu za kilimo, usimamizi duni wa taka, mbolea za kemikali, na utupaji ovyo, ambayo yote yanachangia uharibifu wa ubora wa maji. Hali hii inaathiri moja kwa moja matibabu na usambazaji wa maji ya kunywa katika jiji la Kinshasa<ref name= "adam2">''fr : https://www.pseau.org/outils/ouvrages/pnue_problematique_de_l_eau_en_republique_democratique_du_congo_2011.pdf, RDC:Rapport Technique sur la problématique de l’Eau en [[République Démocratique du Congo]]; Défis et Opportunités, Publié en Janvier 2011, Consulté le=27 Décembre 2025}}.</ref>{{,}}<ref name = "adam4">''fr : https://kilalopress.net/actualites/rdc-la-riviere-ndjili-une-source-de-vie-menacee-par-la-pollution-invisible-de-kinshasa/, RDC:la rivière n'djili une source de vie menacée par la pollution invisible de Kinshasa, Consulté le 27 Décembre 2025</ref> * Mafuriko ya mara kwa mara, yanayochangiwa na mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa na usimamizi duni wa taka, huleta matatizo makubwa yanayoweza kuharibu miundombinu na kuvuruga uendeshaji wa mtambo wa kutibu.<ref name= "adam2" />{{,}}<ref name = "adam4" />. * Mmomonyoko wa udongo na ukataji miti katika maeneo yanayozunguka hupelekea uharibifu wa makazi na miundombinu, hivyo kutatiza utunzaji wa mazizi na, zaidi ya yote, ugavi bora wa maji.<ref name = "adam3" />. * Uwezo wa matibabu: Ingawa jitihada zimefanywa ili kuongeza uwezo wa kiwanda ili kukidhi mahitaji ya maji ya kunywa, kuna upungufu wa uzalishaji ambao unapaswa kushughulikiwa ili kukidhi mahitaji ya wakazi.<ref name = "adam5">''fr : https://acp.cd/economie/visite-dinspection-des-stations-de-captage-et-traitement-deau-potable-a-lemba-imbu-et-ndjili/, Visite d’inspection des stations de captage et traitement d’eau potable à Lemba Imbu et N’djili, Consulté le 27 Décembre 2025</ref>. * Udhibiti duni wa taka katika jiji la Kinshasa unachangia uchafuzi wa vyanzo vya maji na kutatiza kazi ya mamlaka katika kuhakikisha usambazaji wa maji bora ya kunywa, kwani mafuriko hutokea mara kwa mara wakati wa mafuriko.<ref name = "adam6">''fr : https://acp.cd/urbain/inondations-a-kinshasa-la-regularisation-du-lit-de-la-riviere-ndjili-recommandee/, Inondations à Kinshasa : la régularisation du lit de la rivière N’djili recommandée, Publié le 09 Avril 2025, Consulté le 27 Décembre 2025</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Kinshasa]] [[Jamii:Mazingira katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] sbo9ounmo9w2u17cdv5yh4dn2x39wn8 0 219544 1547839 1495658 2026-05-21T18:49:24Z Redakteurrr 89457 /* */ "Marekebisho yamefanywa." 1547839 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bilal Göregen''' (d. [[4 Eylül]] [[1988]]), [[Türkiye|Türk]] sokak müzisyeni ve davulcudur. Kendisi görme engellidir.<ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/the-kiffness-collab-with-a-turkish-street-drummer-goes-viral/ |başlık=Watch: The Kiffness' collab with a Turkish street drummer goes viral [video] |tarih=13 January 2021 |çalışma=The South African }}</ref> [[Ievan Polkka]] performansıyla tanınmış, bir Twitter kullanıcısının videosuna kafa sallayan bir kedi eklemesiyle sosyal medyada viral olmuştur.<ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://m.freepressjournal.in/article/viral/watch-cat-vibing-turkish-musician-is-back-with-rendition-of-2000s-hit-song-kaliyon-ka-chaman/654cb812-3380-43e2-84d9-71afd5cac78a |başlık=Watch: 'Cat vibing' Turkish musician is back with rendition of 2000s hit song 'Kaliyon Ka Chaman' |erişimtarihi=23 April 2021 |arşivtarihi=23 April 2021 |arşivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423173432/https://m.freepressjournal.in/article/viral/watch-cat-vibing-turkish-musician-is-back-with-rendition-of-2000s-hit-song-kaliyon-ka-chaman/654cb812-3380-43e2-84d9-71afd5cac78a }}</ref> YouTube, Instagram hesabında onun performans videosunu paylaşmıştır.<ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://www.cnnturk.com/magazin/youtube-instagramda-bilal-goregenin-videosunu-paylasti |başlık=YouTube, Instagram'da Bilal Göregen'in videosunu paylaştı |çalışma=CNN Türk |tarih=4 December 2020 }}</ref> <ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://www.haberler.com/zileli-ogrenciler-bilal-goregen-ile-stres-atti-4450236-haberi/ |başlık=Zileli Öğrenciler Bilal Göregen ile Stres Attı |tarih=21 March 2013 |çalışma=Haberler.com |erişimtarihi=2025-12-29 |arşiv-tarihi=2013-03-26 |arşiv-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130326105617/http://www.haberler.com/zileli-ogrenciler-bilal-goregen-ile-stres-atti-4450236-haberi/ |ölüurl=evet }}</ref> <ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://odatv4.com/sosyal-medya-bu-dogaclamayi-konusuyor-0112141200.html |başlık=Bilal Göregen'den Ehlisünnet TV'ye özel doğaçlama |çalışma=Odatv |tarih=December 2014 }}</ref> <ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/bilal-goregen-imamoglu-ile-video-cektigim-icin-tepki-aldim-1804503 |başlık=Bilal Göregen: İmamoğlu ile video çektiğim için tepki aldım |çalışma=Cumhuriyet |tarih=August 2021 }}</ref> <ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://www.dw.com/tr/bilal-g%C3%B6regen-trump%C4%B1-biden%C4%B1-oynatt%C4%B1lar-beni-bile-oynat%C4%B1yor-bu-%C5%9Fark%C4%B1/av-56172492 |başlık=Bilal Göregen: Trump'ı, Biden'ı oynattılar, beni bile oynatıyor bu şarkı |çalışma=DW |tarih=09.01.2021 }}</ref> <ref>{{Kaynak web |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/visually-impaired-turkish-musician-in-cat-vibing-to-ievan-polka-video-wants-to-play-for-us-president-elect-160690 |başlık=Visually-impaired Turkish musician in 'cat vibing to Ievan Polka' video wants to play for US president-elect |çalışma=Hürriyet Daily News |tarih=9 December 2020 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{marejeo}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] [[Jamii:wanamuziki wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:WikiMonthly Edit-a-thon Kilimanjaro]] l1u9x6xmmljf332oxhxl7jiw4yiaxd5 0 220872 1548279 1482541 2026-05-22T11:43:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548279 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Betty Esther Naluyima''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mbunge]] wa nchini [[Uganda]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[wilaya]] ya [[Wakiso]] wakati wa uchaguzi mkuu wa Uganda wa mwaka 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LIST: 59 NUP Elected MPs for the 11th Parliament|url=https://dailyexpress.co.ug/2021/01/18/list-59-nup-elected-mps-for-the-11th-parliament/|work=Daily Express|date=2021-01-18|accessdate=2026-01-22|language=en-GB|author=Express Reporter}}</ref> Katika uchaguzi mkuu wa hivi karibuni wa nchiniUganda wa mwaka 2026, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa wanawake katika Bunge la 12 la Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web|title=List: NUP MPs who Made It to Twelfth Parliament|url=https://dailystar.co.ug/list-nup-mps-who-made-it-to-twelfth-parliament/|work=Daily Star|date=2026-01-19|accessdate=2026-01-22|language=en-US|author=Reporter}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha National Unity Platform.<ref>{{Cite web|title=List: Who was Elected MP in Uganda - Trumpet News|url=https://trumpetnews.co.ug/2021/01/18/list-who-was-elected-mp-in-uganda/|work=trumpetnews.co.ug|accessdate=2026-01-22|language=en-US|author=Admin Trumpet|archive-date=2026-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260415215337/https://trumpetnews.co.ug/2021/01/18/list-who-was-elected-mp-in-uganda/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Uganda's 11th Parliamentarians, Full list - NRM - NETTECH RELIABLE MEDIA|date=2021-01-25|url=https://nrm.co.ug/ugandas-11th-parliamentarians-full-list/|work=NRM - NETTECH RELIABLE MEDIA|language=en-US|access-date=2026-01-22|archive-date=2021-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508222102/https://nrm.co.ug/ugandas-11th-parliamentarians-full-list/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uganda]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Uganda]] 08tg6k7auar9nff6svysx01vxzb9ep8 0 225180 1547939 1530045 2026-05-22T01:44:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547939 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zazi Sadou''' ni mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake kutoka Algeria. Wakati wa [[Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Algeria]], alihudumu kama [[msemaji]] wa harakati ya upinzani ya wanawake wa Algeria kuanzia 1993 hadi 2004 akiwa mwanzilishi wa muungano wa wanawake wa kidemokrasia wa Algeria, {{Lang|fr|Rassemblement Algérien des Femmes Démocrates}} (RAFD), mwanachama wa Kamati ya Kitaifa Dhidi ya Kusahau na Usaliti, na mwanachama mwanzilishi wa bunge la wanawake wa kidemokrasia wa Algeria, The Algerian Assembly of Democratic Women (AADW). == Wasifu == Sadou alianzisha muungano wa wanawake wa kidemokrasia wa Algeria, {{Lang|fr|Rassemblement Algérien des Femmes Démocrates}} (RAFD),<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2019-10-19|title=Zazi sadou : le combat féministe en Algérie|url=https://www.canalsud.net/spip.php?article3593|access-date=2026-01-09|website=Canal Sud|language=fr}}</ref> alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Kitaifa Dhidi ya Kusahau na Usaliti,<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/World_Press_Review/KuGFAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Zazi+Sadou&dq=Zazi+Sadou&printsec=frontcover|title=World Press Review|date=1999|publisher=Stanley Foundation|volume=46|pages=31|language=en}}</ref> na alikuwa mwanachama mwanzilishi wa bunge la wanawake wa kidemokrasia wa Algeria, The Algerian Assembly of Democratic Women (AADW).<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|date=2005|title=Zazi Sadou|url=https://1000peacewomen.org/en/network/1000-peacewomen/zazi-sadou-33|access-date=2026-01-09|website=PeaceWomen Across the Globe|language=en}}</ref> Aliandaa maandamano ya wanawake nchini Algeria<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Khelifi|first=Ghania|date=2021-01-06|title=Feminism in Algeria: a brief overview|url=https://medfeminiswiya.net/2021/01/06/feminism-in-algeria-a-brief-overview/?lang=en|access-date=2026-01-09|website=Medfeminiswiya|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=1995-02-03|title=Zazi Sadou: un grand moment d'émotion|url=https://www.humanite.fr/-/-/zazi-sadou-un-grand-moment-demotion|access-date=2026-01-09|website=L'Humanité|language=fr-FR}}</ref> na aliandika kwa gazeti la Algeria ''[[El Watan]]''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Benoune|first=Karima|date=2018-07-06|title=“Our Ancestors Would Have Killed All These Women:” The Meanings of Jihadist Rape in 1990s Algeria|url=https://www.boundary2.org/2018/07/karima-benoune-our-ancestors-would-have-killed-all-these-women-the-meanings-of-jihadist-rape-in-1990s-algeria-english/|access-date=2026-01-09|website=b2o: boundary 2 online|language=en-US}}</ref> Alikabiliwa na vitisho vya kuuawa kutoka kwa wenye misimamo mikali kutokana na uanaharakati wake.<ref name=":0" /> Kama msemaji wa RAFD kuanzia 1993 hadi 2004,<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/A_Woman_s_World/pJ0_AAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Zazi+Sadou&dq=Zazi+Sadou&printsec=frontcover|title=A Woman's World: Beyond the Headlines|last=Lieshout|first=Mary Van|date=1996|publisher=Attic Press|isbn=978-0-85598-349-9|pages=18|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Your_Fatwa_Does_Not_Apply_Here/OSFvAAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Zazi+Sadou&pg=PA187&printsec=frontcover|title=Your Fatwa Does Not Apply Here: Untold Stories From The Fight Against Muslim Fundamentalism|last=Bennoune|first=Karima|date=2013-08-26|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=978-0-393-08158-9|pages=165, 187|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2019-04-25|title=Zazi Sadou: "Nuestro corazón palpita de nuevo"|url=https://ecuadortoday.media/2019/04/25/zazi-sadou-nuestro-corazon-palpita-de-nuevo/|access-date=2026-01-09|website=EcuadorToday|language=es}}</ref> Sadou alikusanya ushuhuda wa manusura wanawake wa ukatili uliotekelezwa na [[Armed Islamic Group of Algeria|Kundi la Kiislamu lenye Silaha la Algeria]] wakati wa [[Algerian Civil War|Vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe vya Algeria]], ikiwa ni pamoja na utekaji nyara, [[Rape|ubakaji]] na mateso.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Gender_Conflict_and_Development_Case_stu/2kpixIsGFJcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Zazi+Sadou&dq=Zazi+Sadou&printsec=frontcover|title=Gender, Conflict and Development: Case studies: Cambodia; Rwanda; Kosovo; Algeria; Somalia; Guatemala and Eritrea|last=Byrne|first=Bridget|last2=Marcus|first2=Rachel|last3=Powers-Stevens|first3=Tanya|date=1996|publisher=Institute of Development Studies|isbn=978-1-85864-170-6|pages=86|language=en}}</ref> Kimataifa, aliwasilisha ushuhuda huo kwa vyombo vya habari vya dunia<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Rejea habari|last=Herbet|first=Bob|date=1997-11-09|title=In America; Algerian Terror|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/09/opinion/in-america-algerian-terror.html|access-date=2026-01-09|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Construction_of_Womanhood_in_Algeria/SsTxAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Zazi+Sadou&dq=Zazi+Sadou&printsec=frontcover|title=The Construction of Womanhood in Algeria: Moudjahidates, Aishah Radjul, Women as Others and Other Women|last=Kopola|first=Nelli|date=2001|publisher=[[Stockholm University]], Department of Political Science|isbn=978-91-7265-317-7|pages=182|language=en}}</ref> na kwa [[Mary Robinson]], aliyekuwa [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights|Kamishna Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa wa Haki za Binadamu]],<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=Carroll|first=Joe|title=Robinson says violence in Algeria is intolerable|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/robinson-says-violence-in-algeria-is-intolerable-1.119392|access-date=2026-01-09|website=[[The Irish Times]]|language=en}}</ref> na alihudhuria matukio pamoja na [[Michel Tubiana]], rais wa [[Human Rights League (France)|Ligi ya Haki za Binadamu ya Ufaransa]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2003-12-16|title=Des futurs plus humains, un enjeu fortement politique|url=https://www.humanite.fr/medias/assises-et-agoras-de-lhumanite/des-futurs-plus-humains-un-enjeu-fortement-politique|access-date=2026-01-09|website=L'Humanité|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ushuhuda uliokusanywa na Sadou pia ulitumika katika ''Shadow Report on Algeria'', uliowasilishwa kwa [[United Nations|Umoja wa Mataifa]] mbele ya [[Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women|Kamati ya Kuondoa Ubaguzi dhidi ya Wanawake]] (CEDAW) na [[International Women’s Human Rights Law Clinic]] pamoja na mtandao wa mshikamano wa [[Women Living Under Muslim Laws]] (WLUML) mwaka 1999.<ref>[http://www.wluml.org/sites/wluml.org/files/import/english/pubs/pdf/misc/shadow-report-algeria-eng.pdf Shadow Report on Algeria, To The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, Submitted by: International Women’s Human Rights Law Clinic and Women Living Under Muslim Laws January, 1999]. ''[[Women Living Under Muslim Laws]]''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032701/http://www.wluml.org/sites/wluml.org/files/import/english/pubs/pdf/misc/shadow-report-algeria-eng.pdf Archived] 2016-03-04 at the [[Wayback Machine]]. pp. 18-24.</ref> Mwaka 2000, RAFD ilianzisha tuzo ya "Women Resisters Against Fundamentalism and Oblivion Award" kwa wanawake wanaopinga [[Fundamentalism|msimamo mkali wa kidini]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2015-02-03|title=ALGERIA: When Women's Human Rights Defenders Face Political Non-state Actors|url=https://peacewomen.org/content/algeria-when-womens-human-rights-defenders-face-political-non-state-actors|access-date=2026-01-09|website=PeaceWomen|language=en|archive-date=2026-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260218141718/https://peacewomen.org/content/algeria-when-womens-human-rights-defenders-face-political-non-state-actors|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Lalande |first=Aude |date=2006-01-08 |title=le refus |url=https://vacarme.org/article556.html |journal=Uproar |language=fr |volume=34 |pages=175–176 |access-date=2026-01-09}}</ref> == Tuzo == Mwaka 1997, Sadou alitunukiwa Tuzo ya Haki za Binadamu na shirika la Women, Law and Development International (WLDI).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=1997-10-23|title=Zazi Sadou: «Les clés de la solution sont chez nous»|url=https://www.humanite.fr/-/-/zazi-sadou-les-cles-de-la-solution-sont-chez-nous|access-date=2026-01-09|website=L'Humanité|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Mwaka 2005, Sadou alitajwa kama mmoja wa wanawake 1000 waliopendekezwa kwa [[Nobel Peace Prize|Tuzo ya Amani ya Nobel]] kupitia mpango wa [[PeaceWomen Across the Globe]] (PWAG).<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Elles_font_bouger_l_Afrique/jlG3AAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Zazi+Sadou&dq=Zazi+Sadou&printsec=frontcover|title=Elles font bouger l'Afrique|date=2005|publisher=Association française d'amitié et de solidarité avec les peuples d'Afrique, Éditions Tirésias|isbn=978-2-915293-22-7|pages=11|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:wanaharakati wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:WikiGap JWK 2026]] 96btgepltwemsf9btlijrhv70fzfen5 0 227100 1548157 1530814 2026-05-22T09:46:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Babalola Chinedum Peace''' (née '''Anyabuike''') {{Small|[[List of fellows of the Nigerian Academy of Science|FAS]]}}, {{Small|[[African Academy of Sciences|FAAS]]}} ni [[Profesa]] wa Kemia ya Dawa na Pharmacokinetics kutoka Nigeria. Anafundisha ufamasia kwenye [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan]], FAS, na FAAS <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Babalola Peace Chinedum {{!}} The AAS|url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/babalola-peace-chinedum|work=www.aasciences.africa|accessdate=2020-05-25|archivedate=2021-05-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520084559/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/babalola-peace-chinedum}}</ref> na awali alikuwa naibu-chansela wa Chuo Kikuu cha Chrisland mnamo 2017 hadi mnamo 2024. == Mandharinyuma == === Elimu === Babalola alipata elimu yake ya Shahada ya Kwanza ya Famasia (B.Pharm.) mwaka wa 1983, Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sayansi kwenye Kemia ya Famasia mwaka 1987 na [[Uzamivu|Shahada ya Uzamili ya Falsafa]] kwenye Kemia ya Famasia (chaguo la Famakonetiki ) mwaka 1997 ndani ya Chuo Kikuu cha Ife, ambacho kwasasa ni Chuo Kikuu cha Obafemi Awolowo . Alishinda kushikwa mkono kiuchumi na Benki ya Dunia/NUC kwa lengo la mafunzo ya wafanyakazi na akahitimisha ushirika wake wa kabla ya udaktari kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha British Columbia kati ya mwaka 1994 na mwaka 1995. <ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Professor Chinedum Peace Babalola is our Personality of the Month|url=https://www.pharmanewsonline.com/professor-chinedum-peace-babalola-is-our-personality-of-the-month/|author=admin|date=2017-11-27|work=Pharmanewsonline|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-05-25}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|author=Nigerian Universities Commission|date=2017|title=Directory of Full Professors in the Nigerian University System 2017|url=https://nuc.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System.pdf|work=NUC}}</ref> Kwenye mwaka wa 2012, Babalola alipata elimu ya Stashahada ya Uzamili juu ya Mafunzo ya Kina ya Famasi ya Viwandani (IPAT) iliyotolewa kwa ujumla na Shule ya Famasi ya Kilimanjaro, [[Tanzania]] na Chuo Kikuu cha Purdue, [[Marekani]]. <ref name="babalola">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Professor Chinedum Peace Babalola is our Personality of the Month 2003 while in 2006 she was confirmed full professor.|url=https://www.pharmanewsonline.com/professor-chinedum-peace-babalola-is-our-personality-of-the-month/|author=Admin|date=27 November 2017|publisher=Pharmacy Heath cast|accessdate=15 June 2018}}</ref> === Kazi === Babalola alianza kazi yake ya kitaaluma kama Mkufunzi Msaidizi wa Uzamili kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Obafemi Awolowo mwaka wa 1985. <ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Long Profile of Prof Mrs Chinedum 2024 (2) (1).pdf|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1G2wkZpapMQvogVZtVM0KmROY59L6jvSX/view?usp=sharing|accessdate=2025-03-19|work=Nigerian Female Vice Chancellors}}</ref> Mwaka wa 1994, alihamia Chuo Kikuu cha British Columbia ili kuhitimisha masomo ya awali ya udaktari. Alipandishwa cheo hadi Mhadhiri daraja la kwanza kwenye Idara ya Kemia ya Dawa Chuo Kikuu cha Obafemi Awolowo kabla ya kujiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan kama Mhadhiri Mkuu mwaka 1998. Babalola akawa Profesa wa kwanza wa kike wa Famasia wa Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan mwaka wa Oktoba 2006. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.swankpharm.com/2014/12/18/drugs-are-poisons-prof-babalola-dean-faculty-of-pharmacy-ui/|title='Drugs are poisons' ~ Prof. Babalola, Dean Faculty Of Pharmacy UI|work=swankpharm.com|accessdate=12 October 2015|archivedate=4 May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504085159/http://www.swankpharm.com/2014/12/18/drugs-are-poisons-prof-babalola-dean-faculty-of-pharmacy-ui/}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2002, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=|title=Chinedum Babalola|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-8032|accessdate=12 December 2024|work=ORCID|publisher=|quote=}}</ref> amekuwa Mtafiti msaidizi kwenye Taasisi ya Utafiti na Mafunzo ya Kimatibabu ya Juu <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2020-10-30|title=Chinedum Babalola|url=http://com.ui.edu.ng/institute-detail/1|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030154511/http://com.ui.edu.ng/institute-detail/1|archivedate=2020-10-30|accessdate=12 December 2024|work=College Of Medicine, University Of Ibadan}}</ref> (IAMRAT) ndani ya Kitengo cha Utafiti wa Jenetiki na Maadili ya Kibiolojia; Chuo cha Tiba, Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan. Kitengo hicho pia alikisimamia kuanzia mwaka 2010 hadi mwaka 2012. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Adebola Babatunde Ekanola|url=https://nalonline.org.ng/adebola-babatunde-ekanola/|accessdate=2026-04-07|archive-date=2026-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260412112826/https://nalonline.org.ng/adebola-babatunde-ekanola/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hapo kabla ya kuteuliwa kuwa Makamu Mkuu wa Chuo Kikuu cha Chrisland, alishika nafasi kama Mkuu wa kwanza wa kike wa Kitivo cha Famasia Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan (kwa mwaka 2013 hadi mwaka 2017), <ref name=":0"/> na kama Profesa msaidizi juu ya Idara ya Kemia ya Dawa, Kitivo cha Famasia, Chuo Kikuu cha Olabisi Onabanjo . <ref name=":2"/> Alikuwa Mkurugenzi wa Mafunzo ya Jumla kwa vipindi viwili (mwaka wa 2005 hadi mwaka 2010) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.pharmanewsonline.com/ui-pharmacy-faculty-marks-white-coat-ceremony/|title=UI pharmacy faculty marks White Coat Ceremony|work=Pharmanews|date=July 2015|accessdate=12 October 2015}}</ref> Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan. Yeye ndiye mfamasia wa kwanza kutechaguliwa kama mshauri na mshauri maalum katika hospitali ya Nigeria— Hospitali ya Chuo Kikuu (UCH), Ibadan. <ref name="PNO">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://pharmanewsonline.com/chinedum-babalola-first-nigerian-lady-pharmacist-to-emerge-vice-chancellor/|title=Chinedum Babalola: First Nigerian Lady Pharmacist to Emerge Vice-Chancellor|author=Obayendo|first=Temitope|date=30 April 2023|work=Pharma News Online|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2024|quote=}}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi mwaka 2019, alitumia miezi kumi na tatu kama Daktari wa Famasia kwenye [[Chuo Kikuu cha Benin]] . <ref name="O">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-8032|title=Chinedum Babalola|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=|work=ORCID|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2024|quote=}}</ref> Mwaka wa 2024 alihitimisha jukumu lake kama Mchunguzi Mkuu, kwenye mradi wa USAID unaofadhiliwa na USP PQM+ juu ya kukuza Ubora wa Dawa katika LMIC katika CDDDP, UI core-flex (makubaliano ya ushirikiano - $160M Global). <ref name="O" /> Kuanzia mwaka 2017 hadi mwaka 2024, Babalola alishika nafasi naibu chansela wa Chuo Kikuu cha Chrisland, Abeokuta kwenye Jimbo la Ogun. <ref name="PNO"/> Hapo tangu alipokuwa profesa, ameongoza mamia ya wanafunzi wa shahada ya kwanza na zaidi ya wanafunzi 30 wa shahada ya kwanza (PGD, MSc, M.Phil. & PhD). Ana makala zaidi ya 150 za kitaaluma kwenye majarida ya kitaaluma jumla na vitabu, sura za vitabu, muhtasari wa mikutano na monografu. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Breaking the Yoke of Patriarchy: Nigerian Women in Governance (1914-2014)|url=http://bioreports.net/news/breaking-the-yoke-of-patriarchy-nigerian-women-in-the-various-professions-politics-and-governance-1914-2014-by-siyan-oyeweso/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825061907/http://bioreports.net/news/breaking-the-yoke-of-patriarchy-nigerian-women-in-the-various-professions-politics-and-governance-1914-2014-by-siyan-oyeweso/|archivedate=25 August 2015|accessdate=12 October 2015|work=Bioreport.com}}</ref> Mwaka wa 2024, kiashiria chake cha h kilikuwa 22. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=|title=Chinedum Babalola|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Lvw32FsAAAAJ&hl=en|accessdate=12 December 2024|work=Google Scholar|publisher=|quote=}}</ref> == Michango ya kitaaluma == Utafiti wa Babalola umebobea juu ya maadili ya utafiti wa binadamu, pharmacogenetics, majaribio ya kimatibabu, mwingiliano wa dawa PK/PD, pamoja na magonjwa yasiyoambukiza ( ugonjwa wa seli mundu na [[saratani]] ). Aliunda mbinu ya chromatografia ya kioevu yenye utendaji wa hali ya juu kwa lengo la ufafanuaji wa [[kwinini]] kwenye biometriki . Njia hii ya ufafanuaji wa kwinini ilisababisha ufafanuzi wa pharmacokinetics ya kwinini. Utafiti wake wa uwezekano kuhusu mwingiliano wa dawa na [[Metaboli|kimetaboli]] unadhihirisha kupungua kwa upatikanaji wa kibiolojia na shughuli za bakteria za [[Antibiotiki|viuavijasumu]] fulani vinapojumuishwa na baadhi ya dawa za kushindana na malaria. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Professor Babalola Chinedum Peace|url=http://www.aasciences.org/index.php/nigeria/288-babalola-chinedum-peace-prof-ms|work=African Academy of Science|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064807/http://www.aasciences.org/index.php/nigeria/288-babalola-chinedum-peace-prof-ms|archivedate=4 March 2016|accessdate=12 October 2015}}</ref> Ripoti yake inahusu matumizi ya proguanil ilipendekeza kua baadhi ya Wanigeria ni wabebaji wa jeni za CYP2C19 zilizobadilishwa na vibadilishaji duni vya dawa. == Ushirika na uanachama == Babalola ni mshirika wa masomo kadhaa na mwanachama wa mashirika mengi ya kitaaluma: * Mwanakikundi, Chuo cha Famasia cha Nigeria (NAPharm), 2015 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Nigeria Academy of Pharmacy(NAPharm) Annual General Meeting/ Investiture of New Fellows and Award Night|url=https://medicalworldnigeria.com/post/nigeria-academy-of-pharmacy-napharm-annual-general-meeting-investiture-of-new-fellows-and-award-night?pid=11595|accessdate=2020-05-30|work=Medical World Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> * Mwanachama, Chuo cha Sayansi cha Afrika, 2012 * Mwanakikundi, Chama cha Madawa cha Nigeria (F PSN), 2012 * Mwanachama, Taasisi ya Mchambuzi wa Umma ya Nigeria (MIPAN) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Profile|url=http://www.ipan.gov.ng/|accessdate=30 May 2020|work=ipan.gov.ng|archive-date=2021-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613224611/http://www.ipan.gov.ng/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Tuzo na heshima == * Tuzo la Kwame Nkrumah la Umoja wa Afrika kwa Ubora wa Kisayansi (Kikanda) kwenye [[Umoja wa Afrika]] Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ($20,000), 2019. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africa's Top Scientists Awarded the Prestigious African Union Kwame Nkrumah Awards for Scientific Excellence (AUKNASE) 2019 Edition {{!}} African Union|url=https://au.int/en/pressreleases/20200209/africas-top-scientists-awarded-prestigious-african-union-kwame-nkrumah-awards|work=au.int|accessdate=2020-05-03|archive-date=2020-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704063506/https://au.int/en/pressreleases/20200209/africas-top-scientists-awarded-prestigious-african-union-kwame-nkrumah-awards|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Mwaka wa 2011, alishinda Ruzuku ya Wakfu wa MacArthur yenye uthamani wa $950,000 (2012) kwa nafasi ya Elimu ya Juu ya Elimu, ambayo aliitumia kuanzisha Kituo cha Maendeleo na Uzalishaji wa Ugunduzi wa Dawa za Kulevya (CDDDP), katika Chuo Kikuu cha Ibadan. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Centres of Excellence(Chinedum Peace BABALOLA )|url=http://macarthur.ui.edu.ng/chinedumpeaceba|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041246/http://macarthur.ui.edu.ng/chinedumpeaceba|archivedate=2016-03-04|accessdate=12 October 2015|work=macarthur.ui.edu.ng}}</ref> * Mwaka wa 2022, alichaguliwa kuwa Makamu Mkuu wa Chansela bora kwenye Jimbo la Ogun kwa mnamo wa 2022 na Gateway News. == Machapisho == Zifuatazo ni machapisho yaliyochaguliwa ya kitaaluma yaliyopitiwa na rika na Profesa Chinedum. * Adehin A, Igbinoba SI, Soyinka JO, Onyeji CO, Babalola CP (2019) "Famakokinetiki ya kwinini kwa watu wenye afya njema wa Nigeria na kwa wagonjwa walio na malaria rahisi: uchambuzi wa data kwa kutumia mbinu ya idadi ya watu" Utafiti wa Tiba wa Sasa 91, 33–38 * Oluwasanu MM, Atara N, Balogun W, Awolude O, Kotila O, Aniagwu T, Adejumo P, Oyedele OO, Ogun M, Arinola G, Babalola CP, Olopade CS, Olopade OI na Ojengbede O (2019) Sababu na tiba za watafiti wa taaluma ya chini na wasio na tija wa kitaaluma katika Nigeria wasio na tija wa kitaaluma. Madokezo ya Utafiti wa BMC 12:403, 2019 doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4458-y * Nwogu JN, Babalola CP, Ngene SO, Taiwo BO, Berzins B, Gandhi M (2019) Utayari wa Kuchangia Sampuli za Nywele kwa ajili ya Utafiti Miongoni mwa Watu Wanaoishi na VVU/UKIMWI Wanaohudhuria Kituo cha Afya cha Juu huko Ibadan, Nigeria. Utafiti wa Ukimwi na Virusi vya Retrovirusi vya Binadamu 35 (7) Imechapishwa Mtandaoni: 26 Juni 2019 doi:10.1089/aid.2018.0242 * Kotila OA, Fawole OI, Olopade OI, Ayede AI, Falusi AG, Babalola CP (2019) Utofauti wa kimeng'enya cha N-asetilitransferasi 2 cha jenotipu-fenotipu katika Wanigeria wasio na VVU na walio na VVU Pharmacogenetics and Genomics, 29 (5), 106–113, 2019 DOI:doi:10.1097/FPC.00000000000000373 * Adejumo OE, Kotila TR, Falusi AG, Silva BO, Nwogu JN, Fasinu PS, Babalola CP (2016) Uchambuzi wa jeni na uainishaji wa CYP2C19 kwa kutumia metaboli linganishi ya proguanil kwa wagonjwa wa ugonjwa wa seli mundu na vidhibiti vyenye afya nchini Nigeria. Utafiti wa Famasia na Mitazamo, 4(5): e00252. doi:10.1002/prp2.252 * Ong CT; et al. (2005). Kupenya, mkusanyiko wa ndani ya seli na kutokwa kwa tigecycline katika neutrofili za polimofonuklea za binadamu (PMNs). ''Jarida la Tiba ya Kemotherapia ya Antimicrobial'' 56:498-501. * Babalola CP; et al. (2013) Athari ya Sumu ya Dawa ya Halofantrine Hydrochloride ya Chini ya Tiba, Tiba na Overdose kwa Panya Albino wa Kiume. ''Pharmacologia'' 4 (3): 180–185, 2013 * Babalola, CP.; et al. (2010). Jenotipu za saitokromu P450 CYP2C19 kwa wagonjwa wa ugonjwa wa seli mundu na udhibiti wa kawaida. ''Jarida la Dawa ya Kliniki na Tiba'' . 35:471-477 * Babalola CP; et al. (2009) Athari ya fluconazole kwenye pharmacokinetics ya halofantrine kwa watu wenye afya njema. ''Jarida la Kliniki ya Dawa na Tiba'' . 34:677-682 * Maglio D et al. (2005). Wasifu wa kifamasia wa ertapenem dhidi ya ''Klebsiella pneumoniae'' na ''Escherichia coli'' katika mfumo wa paja la paja. ''Jarida la Wakala wa Antimicrobial na Chemotherapy'' 49(1):276-280. * Babalola CP; et al. (2002). Athari ya mwingiliano wa proguanil kwenye upatikanaji wa bioavailability wa cloxacillin. ''Jarida la Kliniki la Dawa na Tiba'', 27: 461–464 * Babalola CP; et al. (2004) Shughuli ya pamoja ya vancomycin na teicoplanin pekee na pamoja na streptomycin dhidi ya Enterococci faecalis pamoja na uwezekano mbalimbali wa vancomycin. ''Jarida la Kimataifa la Wakala wa Antimicrobial'' 23: 343–348 * Babalola CP; et al. (2004). Utafiti wa ulinganisho wa upatikanaji wa kibiolojia wa suppository mpya ya kwinini na kwinini ya mdomo kwa watu waliojitolea wenye afya njema. ''Jarida la Tropical la Utafiti wa Dawa'' . 3(1): 291–297 * Babalola CP; et al. (2004) Ufanisi wa ziada wa G-CSF katika matibabu ya nimonia ya Pseudomonas aeruginosa katika wenyeji wa neutropenia na wasio neutropenia. ''Jarida la Tiba ya Kemotherapi ya Antimicrobial'' 53(6):1098-1100. * Babalola CP; et al. (2004) Tathmini ya upatikanaji wa kibiolojia na usawa wa kibiolojia (BA/BE). ''Kuelekea Uhakikisho Bora wa Ubora wa Dawa katika ..., 2004 Uk. 79'' * Babalola CP; et al. (2006) Uchambuzi wa halofantrine ya dawa ya malaria na kimetaboliki yake kuu ya N-desbutyl halofantrine katika plasma ya binadamu kwa kutumia kromatografia ya kioevu yenye utendaji wa juu- Jarida la uchambuzi wa dawa na matibabu, 2006 Imetajwa na Makala 10 Zinazohusiana Matoleo yote 6 * Babalola CP; et al. (2012) Majaribio ya kimatibabu ya mitishamba - maendeleo ya kihistoria na matumizi katika Karne ya 21- Pharmacologia, 2012 yaliyonukuliwa na makala 10 zinazohusiana * Babalola CP; et al.(2003) Uamuzi wa kromatografia ya kioevu ya pyranadine katika plasma ya binadamu na umbo la kipimo cha mdomo - Jarida la Kromatografia B, lililonukuliwa na makala 16 zinazohusiana matoleo yote 6 * Babalola CP; et al. (2011) Utafiti wa Mimea ya Kimatibabu na Kimatibabu cha Mimea: Mtazamo wa Kimataifa. * Babalola CP; et al. (2002) Umetaboli wa oksidi wa polima ya proguanil katika idadi ya watu wa Nigeria - Jarida la Ulaya la Famasia ya Kliniki, lililonukuliwa na makala 19 zinazohusiana matoleo yote 9 * Babalola CP; et al. (2011) Tathmini ya muundo wa dawa katika jimbo la Osun (Kusini Magharibi) Nigeria - Jarida la Afya ya Umma na Epidemiolojia, lililonukuliwa na makala 39 zinazohusiana matoleo yote 4 == Maisha binafsi == Babalola ni Mkristo mcha Mungu na ameolewa na Askofu Collins Olufemi Babalola. Wana wana watatu. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.ssiinitiative.org/chinedum.html|title=Prof. Mrs Chinedum Peace Babalola|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=|work=SSI Initiative|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2024|quote=}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://anglican-nig.org/bishop-elect-for-ajayi-crowther-diocese/|title=The Profile of Ven. Collins Olumfemi Babalola, Bishop-Elect for Ajayi-Crowther Diocese|author=Korede Akintunde|date=31 July 2023|work=Church of Nigeria, Anglican Communion|publisher=|accessdate=12 December 2024|quote=}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanakemia wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] owzbgte9c8rl2iwu5imnp4qjyztuoe3 0 227540 1548046 1544255 2026-05-22T05:14:57Z CommonsDelinker 234 Removing [[:c:File:Gianni_Matheja_Frankfurt_03_2026_24.jpg|Gianni_Matheja_Frankfurt_03_2026_24.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No permission since 14 May 2026. 1548046 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Gianni Matheja Hamburg 34.png|thumb|Gianni Matheja mijni [[Hamburg]]]] '''Gianni Matheja''' (aliyezaliwa [[14 Machi|Machi 14]][[2005|, 2005]] huko [[Berlin]]) ni [[Mwanahabari|mwandishi wa habari]] [[Ujerumani|wa Ujerumani]], mtayarishaji wa video za wavuti, na mwanafunzi . Tangu 2025, amekuwa akiandaa kipindi cha redio cha kila mwezi kwenye Rundfunk Berlin Brandenburg na ni mwandishi wa habari wa televisheni wa nembo ya kipindi cha habari cha watoto cha ZDF. == Wasifu == Matheja alikulia Berlin kama mtoto wa mama mmoja. Baba yake anatoka Italia na aliacha familia alipokuwa na umri wa miaka 10. <ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.google.de/books/edition/K%C3%BCmmern_und_K%C3%A4mpfen/5nx9zwEACAAJ?hl=en|title=Kümmern und Kämpfen: warum Geschlechtergerechtigkeit in Erziehung und Familie uns alle freier macht|last=Waak|first=Anne|date=2023|publisher=Goldmann|isbn=978-3-442-31703-5|language=de|access-date=2025-05-01}}</ref> Akiwa na umri wa miaka 14, alitoa ushahidi dhidi ya baba yake katika mahakama [[Potsdam|ya Potsdam]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|first=Bent|last=Freiwald|title=Warum Gianni, 17, für seine Mutter kämpft|url=https://krautreporter.de/politik-und-macht/4378-warum-gianni-17-fur-seine-mutter-kampft|date=2022-05-03|accessdate=2025-05-01}}</ref> Kuanzia 2017, alihudhuria Gymnasium ya Lilienthal huko Steglitz-Zehlendorf na, katika mwaka wake wa kwanza shuleni, alishiriki katika Shindano la Mijadala la Berlin, ambapo alishinda taji la "Mzungumzaji Bora" katika mjadala wa lugha ya Kiingereza.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|title=Erfolgreiche Juniors beim Debating Contest 2018 – Lilienthal-Gymnasium Berlin|url=https://lilienthal-gymnasium-berlin.de/erfolgreiche-juniors-beim-debating-contest-2018/|accessdate=2025-05-01}}</ref> Mnamo 2021, aliongoza majadiliano ya jopo na wagombea wa moja kwa moja wa [[Jimbo la uchaguzi|jimbo]] katika shule yake kwa uchaguzi wa shirikisho. Hawa ni pamoja na Birgit Malsack-Winkelmann, Raia wa Reich ambaye baadaye alikamatwa. == Kazi == Akiwa na umri wa miaka 17, Matheja alizindua podikasti yake.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea jarida |date=25 octobre 2022 |title=Jugendwort des Jahres 2022: 20 junge Prominente über ihr wichtigstes Wort 2022 |url=https://www.zeit.de/zett/2022-10/jugendwort-jahr-2022-jugendsprache |journal=ZEIT ONLINE ze.tt |language=de |access-date=2025-05-01}}</ref> Mnamo Juni 2022, alitoa kipindi cha kwanza cha "Ujerumani ya Kijamii." Katika kila kipindi, alizungumzia mada ya kijamii na kisiasa. Vipindi vingi vilitokana na mijadala ya sasa na vilikuwa na mgeni maarufu pamoja na mtaalamu wa kisayansi au uandishi wa habari. Wakati mwingine, mazungumzo pia yalifanyika na vijana wengine. Mnamo 2024, Matheja alisimamia usomaji na Katja Riemann na akaendelea na umbizo lake la podikasti kwenye [[YouTube]], ambapo aliwahoji Lea Van Acken na Marcel Fratzscher, miongoni mwa wengine.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|first=Antonia|last=Trinkaus|title=„Zeit der Zäune - Orte der Flucht“: Katja Riemann: „Wir lernen nichts aus der Geschichte“|url=https://www.saarbruecker-zeitung.de/saarland/saar-pfalz-kreis/homburg/homburg-katja-riemann-mit-zeit-der-zaeune-bei-der-hombuch-2024_aid-121616379|date=2024-12-03|accessdate=2025-05-01}}</ref> Mnamo Oktoba, sanjari na kuanza kwa masomo yake, alianza kupakia video kwenye [[TikTok]] na [[Instagram]] chini ya jina ''gianni.studiert'', ambalo lilionyesha maisha ya kila siku ya wanafunzi wa vyuo vikuu kwa njia ya kejeli. Ndani ya miezi michache tu, alikuwa amekusanya jumla ya wafuasi 200,000 katika majukwaa yote (kufikia Aprili 2025) na kuonekana kwenye televisheni kwenye jarida la kejeli la ARD Extra 3.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=ONLINE |first=ZEIT |date=2025-04-12 |title=Uni-Memes: Der Trost von Mensakaffee und Milchreis |url=https://www.zeit.de/campus/2025-03/uni-memes-studium-humor-social-media |journal=Die Zeit |language=de-DE |issn=0044-2070 |access-date=2025-05-01}}</ref> Video zake kuhusu kutumia [[ChatGPT]] kwa ajili ya kusoma, haswa, zilivutia umakini mkubwa. Mnamo Mei 2025, alitoa hotuba ya ufunguzi katika Siku za Habari za chuo kikuu chake—hotuba ambayo katika miaka iliyopita ilikuwa ikitolewa na [[Rais]] Günther Ziegler. Hotuba yake baadaye ilisambaa sana kwenye mitandao ya kijamii. Tangu Juni 2025, Matheja amekuwa akiendesha kipindi cha redio cha kila mwezi kiitwacho Blue Moon kwenye rbb.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|title=Podcast: Geburtstage: Feiern oder lieber ignorieren? - mit Gianni|url=https://www.ardsounds.de/episode/urn:ard:episode:91bd3b263f90d0ff/|accessdate=2026-04-08}}</ref> Mnamo Desemba, alionekana kama mwandishi wa habari kwenye nembo ya kipindi cha habari cha televisheni ya watoto kinachoitwa logo! kwenye ZDF.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|title=Reporter unterwegs: Gianni fällt einen Weihnachtsbaum|url=https://www.zdf.de/video/magazine/logo-154/gianni-weihnachtsbaumkauf-100|accessdate=2026-04-08}}</ref> Matheja hafichui anachosoma. Alieleza kwamba hii ilikuwa kwa sababu za kutokujulikana chuoni.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|language=de|last=Cara|title=Interview Gianni Studiert|url=https://campusradio-mainz.de/2025/07/14/gianni-studiert/|date=2025-07-14|accessdate=2026-04-08}}</ref> Anaishi [[Berlin]], [[Potsdam]], na [[Mainz]].<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Köhler |first=Charlotte |last2=Farkas |first2=Christoph |date=2026-02-10 |title=Unileben: Ist die Uni ein Witz, Gianni Matheja? |url=https://www.zeit.de/wissen/2026-02/universitaet-leben-alltag-uni-podcast |journal=Die Zeit |language=de-DE |issn=0044-2070 |access-date=2026-04-08}}</ref> Mnamo 2022, ''Die Zeit'' ilimtaja kama mmoja wa nyota 20 wanaochipuka wa kizazi chake.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == <references /> {{BD|2005|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa habari]] [[jamii:watu wa Ujerumani]] tw2c93sdtib5laho7asr9kxr3w8q7yc 0 228208 1548072 1509751 2026-05-22T06:09:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548072 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amina Aahmed El-Imam''' (alizaliwa [[Julai 27]], [[1983]]) ni mwanabiolojia mwanamke wa kutokea nchini [[Nigeria]], msomi na mwanasiasa mwenye nafasi ya kuwa Kamishna wa Afya ndani ya Jimbo la Kwara. Mahali alipozaliwa panaitwa Offa, [[Kwara (jimbo)|Jimbo la Kwara]] na ni mhadhiri mkuu wa biolojia kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Ilorin, Nigeria. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Amina M. Ahmed El-Imam|url=https://scholar.google.com.my/citations?user=b9QdSaYAAAAJ&hl=en|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=scholar.google.com.my}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Amina Ahmed El-Imam {{!}} University of Ilorin - Academia.edu|url=https://unilorin.academia.edu/AminaAhmedElImam|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=unilorin.academia.edu}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=You are being redirected...|url=https://kwarastate.gov.ng/commissioner/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=kwarastate.gov.ng}}</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Alizaliwa kwenye mnamo 27 Julai 1983, kwenye nchi yake Nigeria. El-Imam alifanikiwa kusoma shahada ya mikrobiolojia ndani ya Chuo Kikuu cha Ahmadu Bello, Zaria, Nigeria. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Amina Ahmed El-Imam, Ph.D.|url=https://asm.org/Biographies/Amina-Ahmed-El-Imam,-Ph-D|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=ASM.org|language=en}}</ref> Alijiigiza kwenye ushirika wa miezi 9 kama Msomi Mgeni wa Fulbright kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la North Carolina, Raleigh, North Carolina. == Kazi == El-Imam, ni mhadhiri mkuu aliyejikita kwenye mikrobiolojia ya chakula na viwanda ndani ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Ilorin]], anafanya kazi kwa mshiriki wa kitivo kwenye mikrobiolojia. Alifanikiwa kuchukua Shahada yake ya Uzamivu katika Mifumo na Viumbe vya Kibiolojia dani ya Chuo Kikuu cha Nottingham ndani ya [[Uingereza]] mwaka wa 2017. Safari yake ya kitaaluma pia inajumuisha Shahada ya Uzamili kwenye fani hiyo hiyo kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Ahmadu Bello mwaka wa 2007 na shahada ya kwanza kwenye Mifumo na Viumbe vya Kibiolojia kutoka chuo kikuu hicho mwaka wa 2003. === Kielimu === El-Imam ameshikilia nafasi ya mhadhiri mkuu wa mikrobiolojia dani ya Chuo Kikuu cha Ilorin, Nigeria, pamoja na kuwa mtaalamu wa mikrobiolojia ya chakula na viwanda. Utafiti wake umebobea kwa asilimia kubwa juu ya uhifadhi wa chakula na kuelewa vijidudu vinavyohusiana na kuharibika kwa vyakula mbalimbali vya kitamaduni. Anasimamia kundi la utafiti linajloikita katika uboreshaji wa takwimu wa michakato ya uchachushaji. === Siasa === El-Imam alifanikiwa kupata nafasi ya Kamishna wa Afya wa Jimbo la Kwara kwenye tarehe ya Septemba 5, 2023 baada ya kuchaguliwa mwaka wa Julai 27, 2023 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Salami|first=Biodun|date=2023-08-18|title=What do you know about Kwara female commissioner-nominee Dr Amina El-Imam?|url=https://nigeriansketch.com/what-do-you-know-about-kwara-female-commissioner-nominee-dr-amina-el-imam/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Nigerian Sketch|language=en-US}}</ref> na kupokea uthibitisho mwaka wa Agosti 29, 2023. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-08-29|title=Commissioner-designate, Dr Amina Ahmed El-Imam, appreciates Gov. AbdulRazaq, Olofa, Speaker, APC leaders, others|url=https://solidmedia974482948.wordpress.com/2023/08/29/commissioner-designate-dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam-appreciates-gov-abdulrazaq-olofa-speaker-apc-leaders-others/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Solid Media|language=en}}</ref> == Mafanikio yanayoonekana == El-Imam aliunganika na Bodi ya Ushauri ya PressPayNg, Taasisi ya Teknolojia ya Elimu yenye kutoa suluhu za ufadhili wa ubunifu kwa wanafunzi wa taasisi za elimu ya juu ndani ya nchi ya Nigeria. <ref name="auto">{{Rejea tovuti|author=press_admin|date=2022-05-26|title=Dr. Amina Ahmed El-Imam joins PressPayNg Advisory Board.|url=https://presspay.ng/news/2022/05/26/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam-joins-presspayng-advisory-board/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=PressPayNg Blog|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110075046/https://presspay.ng/news/2022/05/26/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam-joins-presspayng-advisory-board/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ameandika vitabu viwili, "Kujua Vijidudu" na "Usimamizi wa Wakati kwa Wanawake Wataalamu," ambavyo vilizinduliwa siku yake ya kuzaliwa. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://dailylinks.ng/tag/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam/|title=Dr. Amina Ahmed El-Imam Archives|date=21 March 2022}}</ref> Kuchaguliwa kwa El-Imam ulithibitishwa kwenye tarehe Agosti 29, 2023, kwa nafasi ya mkuu wa Wizara ya Afya ya Jimbo la Kwara, akiwa pamoja na cheo cha Kamishna wa Afya wa Jimbo la Kwara. El-Imam ni mshirika wa Shirika la Wanawake kwenye Sayansi kwa Nchi Zinazoendelea. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2018-09-05|title=Ahmed El-Imam Amina|url=https://owsd.net/member/ahmed-el-imam-amina|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=OWSD|language=en}}</ref> == Huduma za Kimatibabu huko Kwara == El-Imam, alikuwa mshiriki hai kwenye mipango tofauti tofauti. Hizi ni jumla ya programu za uhamasishaji wa kimatibabu kote jimboni, ziara ya Hospitali Maalum ya Offa, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-10-08|title=FREE SURGICAL OUTREACH ENTERS 2ND WEEK|url=http://www.kwaramoc.com.ng/2023/10/free-surgical-outreach-enters-2nd-week.html|accessdate=2023-11-10}}</ref> na ziara rasmi kwa mwathiriwa wa mti ulioanguka huko Ilorin. Pamoja nahayo hayo, alishika jukumu la msingi kwenye kuadhimisha Kampeni ya Surua ya 2023 na Uhamasishaji wa Chanjo ya Kawaida huko Ilorin <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2023-10-28|title=KWARA GOVT LAUNCHES ANTI-MEASLES VACCINATION CAMPAIGN FOR UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN|url=http://www.kwaramoc.com.ng/2023/10/kwara-govt-launches-anti-measles.html|accessdate=2023-11-10|language=en-GB}}</ref> Idhini ya Gavana ya uhamasishaji wa afya kote jimboni ilisisitiza zaidi umuhimu wa juhudi hizi. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Fagbayi|first=Grace|date=2023-09-19|title=Kwara free health sugry|url=https://radiokwara.com/news/general-news/gov-abdulrahman-abdulrazak-kwara-free-surgical-health/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Radio Kwara News|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110082206/https://radiokwara.com/news/general-news/gov-abdulrahman-abdulrazak-kwara-free-surgical-health/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kwa ujumla yote, Dkt. El-Imam alifanikiwa kupata jukumu la Kituo cha Matibabu ya Saratani, <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Ogor|first=Jennifer|date=2023-10-06|title=Kwara lays foundation for cancer treatment centre|url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/10/06/kwara-lays-foundation-for-cancer-treatment-centre/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=FRCN HQ|language=en-US|archivedate=10 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110080706/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/10/06/kwara-lays-foundation-for-cancer-treatment-centre/}}</ref> alikuwa na shughuli ya takwimu za kutisha za vifo 62,000 vya saratani kila mwaka ndani ya nchi ya Nigeria, kama ilivyoangaziwa na Gavana Abdulrahaman Abdulrazaq mwaka Oktoba 6, 2023. Mbinu hii pana inaonyesha kujitolea kwake katika kuboresha huduma ya afya na kushughulikia masuala muhimu ya afya katika Jimbo la Kwara. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanabiolojia wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 8f3pm4qga4zaaxb28twnac6arso96kf 0 228282 1548102 1505597 2026-05-22T07:12:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548102 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Angela Okolo''' (alifariki 25 Januari 2026) alikuwa profesa wa Nigeria mwenye taaluma ya afya ya watoto na watoto wachanga katika idara ya Watoto, Kituo cha Matibabu cha Shirikisho, Asaba na Rais wa Jumuiya ya Tiba ya Watoto Wachanga ya Nigeria (NISONM). Alifariki mapema mwaka wa 2026 Jumapili ya tarehe 25 Januari mwaka wa 2026, kama ilivyotangazwa na idara ya watoto ya Kituo cha Matibabu cha Shirikisho, Asaba. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Anatoka Jimbo la Delta nchini Nigeria. Alianza safari yake ya kielimu katika Shule ya Msingi ya Kikatoliki ya St. Theresa, Jos, na kisha akaendelea na masomo yake katika shule sekondari katika Chuo Kikuu cha St. Louis Kano. <ref name="auto1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://scsn.com.ng/our-leaders/angela-okolo/|title=Angela Okolo|date=June 24, 2014|accessdate=2026-04-14|archive-date=2022-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123015806/http://scsn.com.ng/our-leaders/angela-okolo/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Baadaye aliendelea kusoma Udaktari katika Chuo Kikuu cha Lovanium, Kinshasa, DRC Afrika ya Kati kuanzia mwaka wa 1965 hadi mwaka wa 1971 <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.journalijtdh.com/index.php/IJTDH/angela-anene-okolo|title=Prof. Angela Anene Okolo {{!}} International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health|work=www.journalijtdh.com|accessdate=2020-04-19}}</ref> ambapo pia alipata shahada ya msingi ya <nowiki>''Docteur en Medicine''</nowiki>. <ref name="auto">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-1164|title=Anene Okolo (0000-0003-1527-1164)|work=orcid.org}}</ref> Muda mfupi baada ya kuanza mafunzo yake ya udaktari ya uzamili kama daktari mkazi wa afya ya watoto katika Hospitali ya Mafunzo ya [[Chuo Kikuu cha Benin]] [[jimbo la Edo]], Nigeria kati ya mwaka wa 1972 na mwaka wa 1977. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://sundiatapost.com/death-of-less-than-one-month-old-babies-accounts-for-40-infant-mortality-society/|title=Death of less than one-month old babies accounts for 40% infant mortality — Society|author=|date=2014-06-26|work=SundiataPost|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-04-19}}</ref> Wakati wa kozi hii ya masomo, alipata uanachama katika Chuo cha Kifalme cha Madaktari na Madaktari wa Upasuaji cha Glasgow mnamo mwaka wa 1977 na kisha akawa mshiriki wa Chuo cha Kifalme cha Madaktari na Madaktari wa Upasuaji cha Glasgow mnamo 1987 na mshiriki wa Chuo cha Kifalme cha Madaktari wa Watoto na Afya ya Mtoto (Uingereza) mnamo mwaka wa 1997. <ref name="auto1" /> Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa mhadhiri katika Chuo Kikuu cha Benin ambapo baadaye akawa profesa (kuanzia mwaka wa 1977 hadi mwaka wa 2016). <ref name="auto" /> == Maisha ya kibinafsi == Okolo ameolewa na amejaliwa kuzaa watoto wawili. <ref name="auto1"/> Yeye ni mzungumzaji asilia wa Kiingereza, pia anazungumza Kiibo, Kihausa, Kiyoruba, na Kifaransa kwa ufasaha. <ref name="auto1" /> Yeye ni Mkristo wa imani ya Kanisa la Katoliki, mwanachama wa Shirika la Wanawake Wakatoliki na Lady of the Knights of Saint Mulumba (LSM). <ref name="auto1" /> == Uanachama wa shirika == * Chama cha seli mundu cha Nigeria (SCSN) <ref name="auto1"/> * Chuo cha Marekani cha Watoto (AAP) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.journalijtdh.com/index.php/IJTDH/angela-anene-okolo|title=Prof. Angela Anene Okolo &#124; International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health|work=www.journalijtdh.com}}</ref> * Jumuiya ya Ulaya ya Endokrinolojia ya Watoto (ESPE) * Jumuiya ya Nigeria ya Tiba ya Watoto Wachanga (NISOMN) * Umoja wa Vyama na Chama cha Kitaifa cha Watoto wa Kiafrika (UNAPSA) * Chama cha Kimataifa cha Watoto (IPA) <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://sites.google.com/a/unapsa.net/unapsa/about-us|title=ABOUT US - unapsa|work=sites.google.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2026]] [[Jamii:Wanabiolojia wa Nigeria]] [[Jamii:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7jm94wd4opc9rhvs83660xbe236jslj 0 228606 1548049 1505990 2026-05-22T05:25:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548049 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alina Machejane Rantsolase''' ([[15 Machi]] [[1954]] – [[Novemba]] [[2010]]) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanaharakati]] wa vyama vya wafanyakazi wa [[Afrika Kusini]] aliyetoa mchango mkubwa katika harakati za wafanyakazi na siasa za kitaifa. Akiwa ndani ya Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), alihudumu kama mweka hazina kuanzia mwaka [[1999]] hadi [[2009]]. Baadaye aliacha nafasi hiyo ili kuwakilisha [[African National Congress]] (ANC) katika Bunge la Afrika Kusini, ambapo pia aliongoza mkutano wa wabunge wa ANC hadi alipofariki dunia mnamo Novemba [[2010]]. Rantsolase alianza safari yake ya uanaharakati mwaka [[1978]] alipoungana na Commercial Catering and Allied Workers Union of South Africa (CCAWUSA, baadaye SACCAWU). Alifanya kazi ya kuimarisha muundo wa chama hicho katika ngazi ya chini, hasa katika tawi la kampuni ya rejareja ya Checkers huko [[Vereeniging]], [[Transvaal]]. Kutokana na juhudi zake, alipanda ngazi na kuwa mweka hazina wa kitaifa wa CCAWUSA, nafasi aliyoshikilia hadi mwaka 2009. Mwaka huo huo, alichaguliwa kushika wadhifa wa juu zaidi wa kifedha katika COSATU, akionyesha imani kubwa aliyokuwa amepewa ndani ya harakati za wafanyakazi. == Maisha ya awali na harakati za muungano == Alina Machejane Rantsolase alizaliwa tarehe 15 Machi 1954 katika eneo la vijijini lililokuwa likijulikana kama Jimbo la [[Orange Free State]], Afrika Kusini ya zamani. Alikulia katika mazingira magumu ambapo mama yake alikuwa mfanyakazi wa shambani, na elimu yake ilitatizwa mara kwa mara kutokana na hali ya kisiasa ya enzi ya ubaguzi wa rangi. Akiwa bado shuleni, alianza kujihusisha na harakati za kupinga ubaguzi huo kabla hata ya kukamilisha masomo yake.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=7 November 2010|title=Alina Rantsolase: MP and former unionist with head for accounting|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/lifestyle/2010-11-07-obituary-alina-rantsolase-mp-and-former-unionist-with--head-for--accounting/|access-date=2023-04-27|website=Sunday Times|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Baada ya kuacha shule bila kumaliza, alianza kazi katika duka la Checkers huko Arcon Park, Vereeniging, eneo la Vaal Triangle katika Transvaal ya zamani. Mwaka [[1978]], aliajiriwa rasmi na Commercial Catering and Allied Workers Union of South Africa (CCAWUSA), ambapo alianza safari yake ya muda mrefu katika uanaharakati wa vyama vya wafanyakazi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-11-30|title=Cosatu ups NEC demands|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2007-11-30-cosatu-ups-nec-demands/|access-date=2023-04-27|website=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Kwa muda wa awali, alikuwa mwakilishi pekee wa chama cha wafanyakazi katika sehemu yake ya kazi. Baadaye alikua msimamizi wa duka kwa njia isiyo rasmi na kisha rasmi, akiwawakilisha wafanyakazi katika mazungumzo na Checkers kuhusu utambuzi wa vyama vya wafanyakazi kuanzia mwaka [[1983]], pamoja na majadiliano ya mishahara kuanzia [[1985]]. Kuanzia mwaka [[1984]], alihusika pia katika majadiliano ya kitaifa kati ya Checkers na CCAWUSA katika ngazi ya juu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=2011 |title=Why must I work under a police state': COSATU's outspoken Alian Rantsolase |url=https://www.southafricanlabourbulletin.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Why-must-I-work-under-a-police-state.-Cosatus-outspoken-Alina-Ranstolase-by-Kally-Forrest_0.pdf |journal=SA Labour Bulletin |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=58-60 |access-date=27 April 2023 |archive-date=2024-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806181341/https://www.southafricanlabourbulletin.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Why-must-I-work-under-a-police-state.-Cosatus-outspoken-Alina-Ranstolase-by-Kally-Forrest_0.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mwaka [[1987]] alichaguliwa kuwa mweka hazina wa kikanda wa CCAWUSA, na mwaka [[1993]] akawa mwenyekiti wa kikanda. Katika kipindi hicho hicho, chama kilipanuka na kujulikana kama South African Commercial, Catering and Allied Workers Union (SACCAWU). Baadaye mwaka 1993, aliteuliwa kuwa mweka hazina wa kitaifa wa SACCAWU, nafasi aliyoshikilia hadi mwaka [[1999]], akijijengea heshima kubwa ndani ya harakati za wafanyakazi nchini.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Bio: Alina Rantsolase|url=https://mediadon.co.za/bio-alina-rantsolase/|access-date=2023-04-27|website=COSATU|language=en-US}}</ref> ==Tanbihi== {{reflist}} {{mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii: Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii: Waliofariki 2010]] [[Jamii: Wanawake wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii: Wanaharakati wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii: Wanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii: Wanasiasa wanawake Afrika Kusini]] 7epax7zwmv2mdlcryn1k7fvcgmupj2a 0 228902 1548113 1509323 2026-05-22T07:39:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548113 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Dickson Ishaku''' ( ''née'' '''Mbasughun''' ; alizaliwa [[24 Agosti]] [[1957]]) ni [[mwanzilishi]] na [[Mkurugenzi]] Mtendaji wa [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|Shirika lisilo la kiserikali]] "Hope Afresh Foundation Taraba" <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hope Afresh Foundation Taraba|url=https://tarabaafresh.org/|work=tarabaafresh.org|accessdate=9 November 2019|archive-date=2021-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917042436/https://tarabaafresh.org/|url-status=dead}}</ref> na mwanachama wa Chama cha Wanasheria cha [[Nigeria]] . Ameolewa na Darius Dickson Ishaku, Gavana wa zamani wa Jimbo la Taraba . <ref>"Taraba First Lady advocates more appointments for women"''. The Guardian. Lagos, Nigeria. 2017-03-11. Retrieved 2022-02-23''</ref> == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Mbasughun alizaliwa tarehe 24 Agosti 1957 huko Wusasa, [[Zaria]] lakini anatoka Eneo la Serikali ya Mtaa ya Vandeikya katika [[Jimbo la Benue]] . Alihudhuria Shule ya Msingi ya St. Bartholomew, Wusasa, Zaria (1964-1969); ambapo aliendelea na Shule ya Upili ya Wasichana Gindiri (1969-1973). Alijiunga na Shule ya Masomo ya Msingi, Chuo Kikuu cha Ahmadu Bello kuanzia 1975 hadi 1976 na akahitimu Shahada ya Sheria mwaka 1979. Alihudhuria zaidi Shule ya Sheria ya Nigeria, Lagos mwaka 1979 na aliitwa kuwa Mwanasheria wa Nigeria mwaka 1980. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wife of the Executive Governor of Taraba State|url=http://tarabastate.gov.ng/wife-of-executive-governor/|work=tarabastate.gov.ng|accessdate=9 November 2019|archive-date=2019-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117124748/http://tarabastate.gov.ng/wife-of-executive-governor/|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=All you need to know about Barr. Anna Darius Ishaku|url=http://ariseonigeria.com.ng/2018/11/14/2018-most-outstanding-wife-of-governor/|work=ariseonigeria.com|accessdate=9 November 2019|archive-date=2019-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191101113145/http://ariseonigeria.com.ng/2018/11/14/2018-most-outstanding-wife-of-governor/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mbasughun alianzisha [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|shirika lisilo la kiserikali]] "Hope Afresh Foundation Taraba" mnamo tarehe 7 Julai 2016. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hope Afresh Foundation|url=http://tarabastate.gov.ng/hope-afresh-foundation/|work=tarabastate.gov.ng|accessdate=9 November 2019|archive-date=2019-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117123732/http://tarabastate.gov.ng/hope-afresh-foundation/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Maono yake ni kuwa ''mchezaji muhimu wa kimataifa katika kutoa huduma za kibinadamu'' . .Mnamo Machi 22, 2017, shirika hilo lilitangaza ushirikiano wake na Benki Kuu ya Nigeria kutoa mafunzo kwa vijana wasio na ajira. Mafunzo ya Maendeleo ya Ujasiriamali ya CBN yamekuwepo kwa zaidi ya miaka miwili katika ukanda wa Kaskazini-Mashariki mwa [[Nigeria]] == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanawake]] 67et3y9svq9npppae3m1k7rrpaq15vy 0 229117 1548270 1507188 2026-05-22T11:32:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548270 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Berthe-Sultana Bénichou-Aboulker''' (16 Mei 1888 – 19 Agosti 1942) alikuwa mshairi na mwandishi wa tamthilia wa Kiyahudi kutoka Algeria aliyeandika kwa lugha ya Kifaransa. Tamthilia yake ''La Kahena, reine berbière'' (1933) ilikuwa “kazi ya kwanza kuchapishwa na mwanamke Myahudi nchini Algeria”.{{sfn|Sartori|Cottenet-Hage|2006|p=264}} == Maisha == Alikuwa binti wa Adélaïde Azoubib (mshairi na mwandishi wa nathari) na mume wake wa pili, Mardochée Bénichou. Alikuwa na angalau ndugu mmoja wa kiume, Raymond Benichou.{{sfn|Assan|2012|p=156}} Mume wake, Henri Aboulker, alikuwa daktari wa upasuaji na profesa; mtoto wao wa kiume, José Aboulker, alikuwa daktari wa upasuaji na mwanasiasa;{{sfn|Yehezkiel|2003|pp=26, 127, 141}} na binti yao Colette Béatrice Aboulker-Muscat alikuwa mwalimu mashuhuri wa Kabbalah ambaye alipokea tuzo ya Croix de Guerre kwa mchango wake katika Harakati ya Upinzani ya Algeria, na mwaka 1995 alitunukiwa tuzo ya heshima ya Yakir Yerushalayim.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bitton |first1=Michele |title=Berthe Bénichou-Aboulker |url=[https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/benichou-aboulker-berthe](https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/benichou-aboulker-berthe) |website=Jewish Women's Archive |publisher=Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women |access-date=11 December 2021 |date=December 31, 1999 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1888|1942}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Algeria]] [[Jamii:Wayahudi]] az7gkxg1g14uj4g4ttaax4pgowbxl1b 0 230130 1548031 1508989 2026-05-22T04:18:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548031 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Akosua Addai Amoo''' (amezaliwa 4 Desemba 1990) ni mtangazaji wa michezo, mwandishi wa habari na mtayarishaji wa vipindi kutoka [[Ghana]], ambaye aliwahi kufanya kazi katika Metro TV Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Akosua Addai Amoo Tips Ghanaian Athletes To Shine :: Ghana Olympic Committee|url=[http://ghanaolympic.org/?item=6084|access-date=2021-01-16|website=ghanaolympic.org|language=en-US}}](http://ghanaolympic.org/?item=6084|access-date=2021-01-16|website=ghanaolympic.org|language=en-US}})</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-23|title=Sports Journalist Akosua Addai Amoo Analyses GFA Presidential Debate|url=[https://newsghana.com.gh/sports-journalist-akosua-addai-amoo-analyses-gfa-presidential-debate/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=News](https://newsghana.com.gh/sports-journalist-akosua-addai-amoo-analyses-gfa-presidential-debate/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=News) Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sports journalist Akosua Addai Amoo selected for AIPS training & African Games coverage in Morocco {{!}} Starr Fm |url=[https://starrfm.com.gh/2019/08/sports-journalist-akosua-addai-amoo-selected-for-aips-training-african-games-coverage-in-morocco/](https://starrfm.com.gh/2019/08/sports-journalist-akosua-addai-amoo-selected-for-aips-training-african-games-coverage-in-morocco/) |access-date=2020-04-07 |language=en-US |archive-date=2020-04-07 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200407123119/https://starrfm.com.gh/2019/08/sports-journalist-akosua-addai-amoo-selected-for-aips-training-african-games-coverage-in-morocco/](https://web.archive.org/web/20200407123119/https://starrfm.com.gh/2019/08/sports-journalist-akosua-addai-amoo-selected-for-aips-training-african-games-coverage-in-morocco/) |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pia alikuwa mtangazaji wa kipindi cha michezo kiitwacho ''Sports World'' kwenye Metro TV.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Ofori|first=Evans|date=2017-04-06|title=Akosua Addai Amoo is the host of Metro TV's "Sports World"|url=[https://mediafillasgh.com/akosua-addai-amoo-is-the-host-of-metro-tvs-sports-world/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Mediafillasgh.com|language=en-US}}](https://mediafillasgh.com/akosua-addai-amoo-is-the-host-of-metro-tvs-sports-world/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Mediafillasgh.com|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=[http://sport.citifmonline.com/2015/10/23/amoo-its-now-or-never-for-black-queens/|title=AMOO](http://sport.citifmonline.com/2015/10/23/amoo-its-now-or-never-for-black-queens/|title=AMOO): It's now or never for Black Queens - Citi Sport|first=Nathan|last=Quao|website=citifmonline.com|accessdate=11 August 2017|archive-date=11 August 2017|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20170811223331/http://sport.citifmonline.com/2015/10/23/amoo-its-now-or-never-for-black-queens/|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20170811223331/http://sport.citifmonline.com/2015/10/23/amoo-its-now-or-never-for-black-queens/|url-status=dead}})</ref> Kwa sasa ni mwandishi wa habari wa michezo anayejitegemea (freelance).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-07-25|title=Princella Adubea: Black Princesses' own Number 12|url=[https://citisportsonline.com/2018/07/25/princella-adubea-black-princesses-own-number-12/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Citi](https://citisportsonline.com/2018/07/25/princella-adubea-black-princesses-own-number-12/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Citi) Sports Online|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-17|title=GWPL Matchday 5: Berekisu goes home, 'Team nu a sεti', the Rat Race|url=[https://citisportsonline.com/2020/02/17/gwpl-matchday-5-berekisu-goes-home-team-nu-a-s%ce%b5ti-the-rat-race/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Citi](https://citisportsonline.com/2020/02/17/gwpl-matchday-5-berekisu-goes-home-team-nu-a-s%ce%b5ti-the-rat-race/|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Citi) Sports Online|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1990|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Ghana]] qm8lcg2vcbc8mk7y6lpmwa15fomakar 0 232362 1547866 1538294 2026-05-21T20:05:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547866 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umm Khalaf''' (amezaliwa 1952), anayejulikana pia kwa jina lake la kuzaliwa '''Moza Rashid Al Badr''', ni msimulizi wa hadithi, mtangazaji wa televisheni, mwandishi, mwalimu na mtafiti kutoka [[Qatar]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa juhudi zake za kuhifadhi urithi wa Qatar kupitia mahojiano na vipindi mbalimbali vya vyombo vya habari.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.qatar.georgetown.edu/stories/umm-khalaf-preserving-qatari-heritage/|title=Umm](https://www.qatar.georgetown.edu/stories/umm-khalaf-preserving-qatari-heritage/|title=Umm) Khalaf: Preserving Qatari Heritage|publisher=Georgetown University in Qatar|access-date=2026-05-06}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1952|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Qatar]] n6xcwa06djekudav4zqa75zsirse214 0 232366 1547820 1540727 2026-05-21T18:21:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547820 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thomas Stephen Monaghan''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 25]], [[1937]]) ni [[mjasiriamali]] na mfadhili nchini [[Marekani]] ambaye alianzisha ''Domino's Pizza'' mwaka [[1960]]. Pia anamiliki ''Domino's Farms Office Park'' huko Ann Arbor Charter Township, [[Michigan]], na alimiliki timu ya ''Detroit Tigers'' ya ''Major League Baseball'' kuanzia [[1983]] hadi [[1992]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tom Managhan - Domino's Pizza |url=http://www.giantsforgod.com/tom-monaghan-dominos-pizza/ |website=www.giantsforgod.com|access-date=March 16, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tom Monaghan |url=http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/197674 |website=Entrepreneur |language=en |date=October 10, 2008|access-date=March 16, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Daszkowski |first1=Don |title=Learn All About Tom Monaghan, Founder of Domino's Pizza |url=https://www.thebalancesmb.com/tom-monaghan-biography-1350964 |website=The Balance Small Business |language=en |access-date=March 16, 2019 |archive-date=2018-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701055137/https://www.thebalancesmb.com/tom-monaghan-biography-1350964 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tom Monaghan Facts |url=http://biography.yourdictionary.com/tom-monaghan |website=biography.yourdictionary.com |access-date=March 16, 2019 |archive-date=2015-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920085246/http://biography.yourdictionary.com/tom-monaghan |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wajasiriamali wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l1a7n1um2txbtb85gjqpyjqshik4bmm 0 232398 1547912 1537847 2026-05-21T23:26:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547912 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wendy Mocke''' ni mwigizaji, mwandishi wa tamthilia, mwandishi wa miswada ya filamu na msimulizi wa hadithi kutoka [[Papua Guinea Mpya]], anaishi nchini [[Australia]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=WOMEN OF THE ISLANDS - Wendy Mocke |url=[https://www.thecoconet.tv/coco-talanoa/humans-of-the-islands/women-of-the-islands-wendy-mocke/](https://www.thecoconet.tv/coco-talanoa/humans-of-the-islands/women-of-the-islands-wendy-mocke/) |website=The Coconet TV |access-date=31 Januari 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Anajulikana kwa kazi zake katika tamthilia, filamu, televisheni na sanaa za maonesho, pamoja na kuangazia utambulisho wa Wamelanesia na watu Weusi wa visiwa vya Pasifiki kupitia kazi zake za ubunifu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Wendy Mocke |url=[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm11514383/](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm11514383/) |website=IMDb |access-date=31 Januari 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} 91xjlcuz1l06y16wog704a7sotpwjkk 0 232409 1547914 1538306 2026-05-21T23:59:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547914 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Guillén Padilla''' (amezaliwa 26 Aprili 1963) ni [[Peru|Mperu]] mshairi na msimulizi wa hadithi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.librosperuanos.com/autores/autor/3543/Guillen-Padilla-William|title=William](http://www.librosperuanos.com/autores/autor/3543/Guillen-Padilla-William|title=William) Guillén Padilla - LIBROS PERUANOS - Autores|website=[www.librosperuanos.com|access-date=7](http://www.librosperuanos.com|access-date=7) Mei 2026}}</ref> Anajulikana zaidi kwa ubunifu wake katika utanzu wa hadithi fupi sana za kifasihi.<ref name="blogspot">{{cite web|url=[http://eltonhonores.blogspot.com/2012/09/presentacion-de-microcuentos-de-william.html|title=Iluminaciones](http://eltonhonores.blogspot.com/2012/09/presentacion-de-microcuentos-de-william.html|title=Iluminaciones): Presentación de Microcuentos de William Guillén por José Hidalgo|date=12 Septemba 2012|publisher=eltonhonores.blogspot.com|access-date=11 Agosti 2014}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="blogspot2">{{cite web|url=[http://eltonhonores.blogspot.com/2012/02/william-guillen-padilla-cuaderno-de.html|title=Iluminaciones](http://eltonhonores.blogspot.com/2012/02/william-guillen-padilla-cuaderno-de.html|title=Iluminaciones): William Guillén Padilla. Cuaderno de almanaquero. Cajamarca: Municipalidad Provincial de Cajamarca, 2011. 482 pp.|date=26 Februari 2012|publisher=eltonhonores.blogspot.com|access-date=11 Agosti 2014}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Pia ni mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa Maonesho ya Mtandaoni ya Vitabu ya Cajamarca nchini Peru (''Feria Virtual del Libro de Cajamarca, Perú'').<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.facebook.com/FeriaVirtualdelLibroCajamarca/|title=Feria](https://www.facebook.com/FeriaVirtualdelLibroCajamarca/|title=Feria) Virtual del Libro de Cajamarca|website=Facebook|access-date=7 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwandishi}} {{BD|1963|}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Peru]] lx23vwqk7ktzhfuib0mzhvnunmmy87f 0 232532 1547796 1538369 2026-05-21T17:53:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547796 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Therese Patricia Okoumou''', anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Patricia Okoumou''', ni mwanaharakati wa haki za wahamiaji kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyezaliwa katika [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa tukio lake la mwaka 2018 alipopanda na kupanda sehemu ya chini ya [[Statue of Liberty]] kama njia ya kupinga sera za kutenganisha watoto na wazazi wao katika mpaka wa Meksiko–Marekani.<ref>{{cite web |last=Aggeler |first=Madeleine |date=5 Julai 2018 |title=Statue of Liberty Climber: 'In a Democracy, We Do Not Put Children in Cages' |url=[https://www.thecut.com/2018/07/woman-who-climbed-statue-of-liberty-therese-patricia-okoumou-trump-is-a-monster.html](https://www.thecut.com/2018/07/woman-who-climbed-statue-of-liberty-therese-patricia-okoumou-trump-is-a-monster.html) |website=The Cut |access-date=15 Juni 2023 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tendo lake lilihusishwa na maandamano dhidi ya sera za kutenganisha familia katika mpaka wa Meksiko–Marekani, ambapo watoto walitenganishwa na wazazi wao waliokuwa wakihama au kuomba hifadhi. Ameelezwa na Hawk Newsome kama “sauti muhimu zaidi ya watu Weusi katika harakati za haki za wahamiaji kwa sasa.”<ref name=":0">{{cite web |last=Branigin |first=Anne |date=19 Machi 2019 |title='Lady Liberty' Patricia Okoumou Will Not Go to Prison for July 4th Protest |url=[https://www.theroot.com/lady-liberty-patricia-okoumou-will-not-go-to-prison-for-1833407553](https://www.theroot.com/lady-liberty-patricia-okoumou-will-not-go-to-prison-for-1833407553) |website=The Root |access-date=15 Juni 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 1jtqapajvrvu4hrhlujqy1leuqglbz3 0 232581 1547793 1537982 2026-05-21T17:44:51Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547793 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Thelma Dale Perkins''' (23 Oktoba 1915 – 29 Septemba 2014) alikuwa mwanaharakati [[Marekani|Mmarekani]] mwenye asili ya Afrika.<ref name="anacostiacivic">{{cite web|url=[http://cdi.anacostia.si.edu/2014/10/24/thelma-dale-perkins-a-life-of-civic-engagement/](http://cdi.anacostia.si.edu/2014/10/24/thelma-dale-perkins-a-life-of-civic-engagement/)|title=Thelma Dale Perkins: A Life of Civic Engagement|website=Anacostia Community Documentation Initiative|publisher=Cdi.anacostia.si.edu|first=Jennifer|last=Morris|date=October 24, 2014|access-date=November 9, 2015}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mjomba wake wa upande wa mama alikuwa Frederick Douglass Patterson.<ref name="anacostiacivic"/> Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa CPUSA.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burden-Stelly |first1=Charisse |last2=Dean |first2=Jodi |title=Organize, fight, win: black communist women's political writing |date=2022 |publisher=Verso |location=London Brooklyn |isbn=9781839764974 |page=321}}</ref> Alijiunga na chama cha wanawake cha Alpha Kappa Alpha, Klabu ya Liberal (kundi la Waafrika-Wamarekani lililopigania usawa wa kijamii), Southern Negro Youth Congress, na American Youth Congress.<ref name="anacostiacivic"/> Akiwa mwanachama wa American Youth Congress, alienda Ikulu ya Marekani kushiriki katika “mazungumzo” yaliyoandaliwa na Mke wa Rais Eleanor Roosevel kujadili changamoto zinazowakabili vijana.<ref name="anacostiacivic"/> Alimaliza masomo yake katika Howard University mwaka 1936.<ref name="anacostiacivic"/> Alifanya kazi chini ya E. Franklin Frazier kupitia ufadhili wa National Youth Administration. Baadaye alifanya kazi serikalini lakini akajiuzulu, na badala yake akawa Katibu wa Taifa wa National Negro Congress.<ref name="anacostiacivic"/> Mwaka 1945 alihudhuria mkutano wa kuanzishwa kwa Women's International Democratic Federation, uliofanyika Paris.<ref name="MooneyLanza2013">{{cite book|author1=Jadwiga E. Pieper Mooney|author2=Fabio Lanza|title=De-Centering Cold War History: Local and Global Change|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dYKN7GnhruEC&pg=PA52|date=](https://books.google.com/books?id=dYKN7GnhruEC&pg=PA52|date=) January 25, 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-18407-9|pages=52–}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1915|2014}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] 42kpriofoyvsi90b1e77nicpioxlpc1 0 232651 1547898 1538259 2026-05-21T22:04:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547898 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Viola White''' (1911–1954) alikuwa mwanamke Mwafrika-[[Marekani|Mmarekani]] aliyeishi [[Montgomery, Alabama]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/studies/8236/versions/V1](https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/studies/8236/versions/V1)|title=Census of Population, 1940 [United States]: Public Use Microdata Sample|publisher=icpsr.umich.edu|date=January 12, 2006|doi=10.3886/icpsr08236.v1}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Anajulikana zaidi kwa upinzani wake dhidi ya sheria za ubaguzi wa rangi katika mabasi (segregated bus laws). Mwaka 1944, akiwa na umri wa miaka 35, White alikamatwa baada ya kukataa kutoa kiti chake katika basi kwa mtu mweupe.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea kitabu|author1=Daina Ramey Berry|author-link1=Daina Ramey Berry|author2=Kali Nicole Gross|author-link2=Kali Nicole Gross|title=A Black women's history of the United States|year=2020|isbn=978-0-8070-3355-5|location=Boston|oclc=1096284843}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://rosaparksbiography.org/bio/other-resistors/|title=Other](https://rosaparksbiography.org/bio/other-resistors/|title=Other) Resistors|date=2016-05-18|website=The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-26}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tukio hili lilitokea takriban muongo mmoja kabla ya kitendo maarufu cha [[Rosa Parks]], ambacho kilichochea mgomo wa mabasi wa Montgomery. White alikuwa akifanya kazi katika Maxwell Air Force Base wakati wa tukio hilo. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1911|1954}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] tpgswa2zo0wpemfzcqcgse2kxmvy1rl 0 232775 1547943 1538324 2026-05-22T01:51:14Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547943 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ziad Ahmed Bahaa-Eldin''' ( alizaliwa tarehe 30 Agosti 1964) ni mchumi, mwanasheria wa masuala ya biashara na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Misri]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Profile: Ziad Bahaa-Eldin |url=[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-25861873](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-25861873) |website=BBC News |access-date=8 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964|}} [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1964]] o5wjg23b2up5fvfh7s15qnvsyi8r7nb 0 232916 1547913 1538745 2026-05-21T23:30:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547913 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wes Jackson''' (aliyezaliwa mwaka 1936) ni mwanajenetiki kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alianzisha kwa pamoja Taasisi ya Land pamoja na Dana Jackson. Pia ni mwanachama wa World Future Council. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Jackson alizaliwa na kukulia katika shamba karibu na [[Topeka, Kansas|Topeka]], [[Kansas]]. Baada ya kupata shahada ya kwanza ya [[biolojia]] kutoka Kansas Wesleyan University, shahada ya uzamili ya [[botania]] kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Kansas, na shahada ya uzamivu katika [[jenetiki]] kutoka North Carolina State University, Wes Jackson alianzisha na kuwa mwenyekiti wa mojawapo ya programu za kwanza za masomo ya mazingira nchini [[Marekani]] katika California State University, Sacramento.{{cn|date=December 2024}} Baadaye Jackson aliamua kuacha taaluma ya ualimu wa vyuo vikuu na kurejea katika jimbo lake la asili la [[Kansas]], ambako alianzisha shirika lisilo la kiserikali la The Land Institute mwaka 1976. Taasisi hiyo inafanya kazi ya kuendeleza nafaka za kudumu, mikunde, na mimea inayozalisha mbegu za mafuta ili ipandwe katika mifumo mbalimbali ya kilimo inayozingatia ikolojia kupitia programu yake ya Natural Systems Agriculture. Sambamba na juhudi hizo za kilimo endelevu, programu ya Ecosphere Studies inalenga kubadilisha namna watu wanavyoufikiria ulimwengu na nafasi yao ndani yake kupitia miradi ya elimu na utamaduni yenye mtazamo wa muda mrefu wa mazingira. Jackson alijiuzulu kutoka urais wa The Land Institute mwaka 2016,<ref>[[https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff](https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Wes Jackson, Staff of The Land Institute]</ref> lakini aliendelea kufanya kazi katika programu ya Ecosphere Studies. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1936|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] kd6to6sy3xs8y1e7iuevc106eisaq6e 0 233021 1547831 1539057 2026-05-21T18:39:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547831 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tracey Thomson''' ni [[mwandishi]] wa tamthilia za [[televisheni]] (soap opera) kutoka [[Marekani|United States]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Disney gives green light to Sulphur Springs, helmed by soap opera writers Tracey Thomson and Charles Pratt|url=https://www.soapcentral.com/soapcentral/news/2019/1027-charles_pratt_sulphur_springs.php|access-date=2021-06-08|website=soapcentral.com|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608120439/https://www.soapcentral.com/soapcentral/news/2019/1027-charles_pratt_sulphur_springs.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> Anajulikana kwa kazi yake kwenye The Young and the Restless ya CBS, ambako anashirikiana katika majukumu ya uandishi mkuu pamoja na Charles Pratt Jr.. Awali aliajiriwa kama mwandishi wa skrini kwenye All My Children. Mwaka 2019, alianza pia kuandika kwa mfululizo wa Secrets of Sulphur Springs akiwa na Charles Pratt Jr. Alisoma katika University of Georgia na alianza kazi yake katika shirika la habari CNN mjini Atlanta kabla ya kuhamia California kuingia kwenye uandishi wa televisheni. == Marejeo == {{reflist}}{{Mbegu-mwandishi}} qlh03wml5xxcwung07dsddqloov22fo 0 233104 1547740 1539037 2026-05-21T16:31:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547740 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tarek El-Molla''' ({{|ar|طارق الملا}}) (amezaliwa Juni 1962) ni mhandisi wa [[Misri]] na aliyekuwa Waziri wa Petroli na Rasilimali Madini wa Misri.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tarek-El-Molla](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tarek-El-Molla) |title=Tarek El-Molla |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=9 Mei 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.egypoil-gas.com/tarek-el-molla/](https://www.egypoil-gas.com/tarek-el-molla/) |title=Tarek El Molla |publisher=Egypt Oil & Gas |access-date=9 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wahandisi wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] fkflda138llbnj5arw7cnjbj6y5pgz8 0 233113 1547642 1539055 2026-05-21T12:33:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547642 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Talaat Sadat''' ({{ar|طلعت عصمت السادات}}; 26 Februari 1954 – 20 Novemba 2011) alikuwa mwanasiasa, mwanasheria na aliwahi kuwa mfungwa wa kisiasa wa [[Misri]]. Alikuwa mpwa wa rais wa zamani wa Misri [[Anwar Sadat]] na kaka wa [[Mohamed Anwar Esmat Sadat]].<ref name=aljaz>{{cite web |url=[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/11/20111120192252772965.html](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/11/20111120192252772965.html) |title=Egyptian politician Talaat Sadat dies |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=20 Novemba 2011 |access-date=9 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/22/world/middleeast/talaat-sadat-egyptian-politician-dies-at-57.html](https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/22/world/middleeast/talaat-sadat-egyptian-politician-dies-at-57.html) |title=Talaat Sadat, Egyptian Politician, Dies at 57 |publisher=The New York Times |date=21 Novemba 2011 |access-date=9 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1954|2011}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Misri]] o51xxcjx0w45ucee2a6nc0ujfjxs00k 0 233159 1547742 1539565 2026-05-21T16:34:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547742 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tarek Wafik Mohamed''' ni mpangaji miji wa [[Misri]] na alikuwa Waziri wa Nyumba, Huduma na Maendeleo ya Miji katika [[Baraza la Mawaziri la Qandil]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-cabinet-idUSBRE8710CU20120802|title=Prominent](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-cabinet-idUSBRE8710CU20120802|title=Prominent) judge to be Egypt's new justice minister|author=Yasmine Saleh and Ali Abdelaty|date=2 Agosti 2012|accessdate=2 Agosti 2012|work=Reuters}}</ref> Alikuwa Waziri wa kwanza wa Nyumba nchini Misri mwenye utaalamu maalumu katika maendeleo ya miji.<ref name=indegypt>{{cite web |url=[https://egyptindependent.com/tarek-wafik-new-housing-minister/](https://egyptindependent.com/tarek-wafik-new-housing-minister/) |title=Tarek Wafik named new housing minister |publisher=Egypt Independent |date=2 Agosti 2012 |access-date=9 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] a3i9m5lv64negznqigdiz3qff9p6xp6 0 233238 1547832 1539354 2026-05-21T18:42:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547832 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tracye McQuirter''' ni mtaalamu wa lishe ya afya ya umma kutoka [[Marekani]], mwandishi, na mtetezi wa lishe ya Mla mboga mboga kabisa (vegan) na Lishe inayotokana na mimea.<ref name=going>{{cite web |url=[https://www.essence.com/lifestyle/black-americans-vegan/](https://www.essence.com/lifestyle/black-americans-vegan/) |title=Black Americans Are Going Vegan At A Higher Rate Than Anyone Else. Here's Why And How You Can Do It Too. |access-date=2024-01-12 |last=Uwumarogie |first=Victoria |date=2023-05-16 |publisher=Essence }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Alionekana katika filamu ya kumbukumbu ya mwaka 2024 iitwayo ''You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment'', inayochunguza athari za lishe kwa afya ya binadamu.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chiorando |first1=Maria |title=Vegans have better sex, live longer and are healthier – according to new Netflix documentary |url=[https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/news/netflix-you-are-what-you-eat-benefits-plant-based-vegan-diet/](https://www.veganfoodandliving.com/news/netflix-you-are-what-you-eat-benefits-plant-based-vegan-diet/) |website=Vegan Food & Living |date=4 January 2024 |access-date=9 January 2024}}</ref> McQuirter anajulikana kwa kazi yake ya kuhamasisha jamii kuhusu afya, lishe inayotokana na mimea, na mtindo bora wa maisha. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] qu83mxh4vjdlzb200r35ehzfkea2e62 0 233335 1548119 1539495 2026-05-22T07:45:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548119 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Maria Siega-Riz''' ni mwanasayansi wa Marekani katika masuala ya [[lishe]], afya ya mama na mtoto, pamoja na msimamizi wa elimu ya juu. Yeye ni mkuu wa Shule ya Afya ya Umma na Sayansi za Afya katika Chuo Kikuu cha Massachusetts Amherst. Kabla ya hapo alikuwa mkuu mshiriki wa utafiti na Profesa wa Jeanette Lancaster Alumni katika University of Virginia School of Nursing. == Elimu == Anna Maria Siega-Riz alihitimu shahada ya kwanza ya Sayansi ya Afya ya Umma akiwa amejikita katika lishe kutoka UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health mwaka 1982. Alipata shahada ya uzamili ya Sayansi katika Chakula, Lishe, na Usimamizi wa Huduma za Chakula kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha North Carolina at Greensboro mwaka 1983. Mwaka 1993 alipata shahada ya uzamivu (PhD) katika lishe akiwa na taaluma ndogo ya epidemiolojia kutoka Gillings School of Global Public Health. Kuanzia mwaka 1994 hadi 1995, Siega-Riz alifanya utafiti wa baada ya uzamivu katika Carolina Population Center.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=[https://www.cpc.unc.edu/people/cv/siegariz.pdf|title=CV|website=University](https://www.cpc.unc.edu/people/cv/siegariz.pdf|title=CV|website=University) of North Carolina at Chapel Hill}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1950|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] iul82zqcfs3tcdoibptce9rzom0znd2 0 233340 1548138 1539509 2026-05-22T08:45:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548138 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Artemis P. Simopoulos''' ni daktari na mtaalamu wa homoni (endocrinologist) kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye ameandika vitabu mbalimbali kuhusu lishe na afya. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi na rais wa shirika lisilo la kiserikali la elimu liitwalo ''Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health'' tangu mwaka 1990, na pia alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa ''International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids'' mwaka 1991.<ref>''European Food Information Council''. [[https://www.eufic.org/en/whats-in-food/article/highlights-from-the-11th-biennial-congress](https://www.eufic.org/en/whats-in-food/article/highlights-from-the-11th-biennial-congress){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} "Highlights from the 11th Biennial congress of the international society for the study of fatty acids and lipids (ISSFAL) 2014"], 26 Machi 2016. Iliwekwa kumbukumbu 21 Julai 2019.</ref> Simopoulos ni mtafiti anayechapisha tafiti kuhusu lishe na afya, na pia huandaa mikutano ya kisayansi kuhusu mada hizo.<ref>Ravn, Karen. [[https://www.latimes.com/health/la-xpm-2011-nov-21-la-he-best-mediterranean-diet-20111121-story.html](https://www.latimes.com/health/la-xpm-2011-nov-21-la-he-best-mediterranean-diet-20111121-story.html){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} "Study links Greek diet to longer life"], [[Los Angeles Times]], 21 Novemba 2011. Iliwekwa kumbukumbu 21 Julai 2019.</ref><ref>Payer, Lynn. [[https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/17/magazine/food-facts.html](https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/17/magazine/food-facts.html) "Food Facts"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 17 Aprili 1988. Iliwekwa kumbukumbu 21 Julai 2019.</ref><ref>[[Paul Greenberg (essayist)|Greenberg, Paul]]. [[https://books.google.com/books?id=9Ok6DwAAQBAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=9Ok6DwAAQBAJ) ''The Omega Principle: Seafood and the Quest for a Long Life and Healthier Planet''], [[Penguin Books]], 2018, {{ISBN|9780143111115}} (jalada laini), ukurasa 40–41.</ref> Anajulikana sana kwa kazi zake kuhusu mafuta yenye asidi nyingi zisizoshiba.<ref>Allport, Susan. [[https://books.google.com/books?id=TdQhZFWOU_MC&q=The+Queen+of+Fats](https://books.google.com/books?id=TdQhZFWOU_MC&q=The+Queen+of+Fats) ''The Queen of Fats: Why Omega–3s Were Removed from the Western Diet and What We Can Do to Replace Them''], [[University of California Press]], 2006, {{ISBN|9780520253803}}, ukurasa 108–112.</ref> Pia alikuwa mwenyekiti wa kamati ya uratibu wa lishe ya National Institute of Health kwa muda wa miaka tisa.<ref>Bourne, Jerome. [[https://newspaperarchive.com/new-castle-news-mar-01-1994-p-14/](https://newspaperarchive.com/new-castle-news-mar-01-1994-p-14/) "Good genes a factor in what you can eat"], ''New Castle News'', 1 Machi 1994, ukurasa wa 14. {{subscription required}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1933|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 7okczl2397dut61dwqpxbsteinba9n1 0 233357 1547662 1539716 2026-05-21T13:06:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 6 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547662 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tambra Raye Stevenson''' ni mjasiriamali wa asili ya Kiafrika-[[Marekani]], mtaalamu wa elimu ya lishe, mzungumzaji wa umma, mshauri wa sera, mvumbuzi, na mwanaharakati wa haki ya chakula. Stevenson ndiye mwanzilishi wa WANDA (Women, Advancing, Dietetics and Nutrition)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Home|url=[https://www.iamwanda.org/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=WANDA|language=en}}](https://www.iamwanda.org/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=WANDA|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tambra Raye Stevenson Inventions, Patents and Patent Applications - Justia Patents Search|url=[https://patents.justia.com/inventor/tambra-raye-stevenson|access-date=2021-12-10|website=patents.justia.com}}](https://patents.justia.com/inventor/tambra-raye-stevenson|access-date=2021-12-10|website=patents.justia.com}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=A Career Dedicated to Building More Inclusive Food Systems |url=[https://www.usda.gov/about-usda/news/blog/career-dedicated-building-more-inclusive-food-systems](https://www.usda.gov/about-usda/news/blog/career-dedicated-building-more-inclusive-food-systems) |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=[www.usda.gov](http://www.usda.gov) |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> pamoja na NativSol Kitchen.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2015-02-08|title=Healing and Transformation with NativSol Kitchen's Tambra Raye Stevenson - Cuisine Noir Magazine|url=[https://www.cuisinenoirmag.com/nativsol-kitchen-tambra-raye-stevenson/|access-date=2022-01-27|language=en-US}}](https://www.cuisinenoirmag.com/nativsol-kitchen-tambra-raye-stevenson/|access-date=2022-01-27|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref> Yeye ni mwenyekiti mwenza wa masuala ya Lishe na Afya katika Baraza la Sera ya Chakula la Washington D.C. (DC Food Policy Council),<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|date=2016-02-17|title=Team|url=[https://dcfoodpolicy.org/our-team/|access-date=2022-01-27|website=Building](https://dcfoodpolicy.org/our-team/|access-date=2022-01-27|website=Building) a more equitable, healthy, and sustainable District food system|language=en}}</ref> na pia ni mjumbe wa Kamati ya Kitaifa ya Ushauri ya Utafiti wa Kilimo, Elimu na Uchumi (NAREEE Advisory Board).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Industry Consumer, or Rural Interests {{!}} NAREEE Advisory Board|url=[https://nareeeab.ree.usda.gov/board-members|access-date=2022-01-27|website=nareeeab.ree.usda.gov}}](https://nareeeab.ree.usda.gov/board-members|access-date=2022-01-27|website=nareeeab.ree.usda.gov}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref> Mwaka 2014 alitambuliwa na National Geographic kama “Traveler of the Year”. Pia ni mwenyekiti mwenza wa mpango wa Bringing It To The Table.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2023-09-29 |title=Les Dames d'Escoffier DC hosts biennial symposium |url=[https://www.fox5dc.com/video/1288074](https://www.fox5dc.com/video/1288074) |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=FOX 5 DC |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Marekani]] px8o2ql55c526tq7lu6xn79sasak2qv 0 233439 1547892 1539697 2026-05-21T21:41:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547892 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vian Dakhil''' ({{|ku|ڤیان ده‌خیل|translit=Viyan Dexîl}}, amezaliwa mnamo mwaka 1971 katika mji wa [[Mosul]]) ni mbunge wa sasa wa [[Bunge la Iraq]]. Yeye ni mwanamke pekee wa [[Wakurdi]] wa dini ya [[Yazidi]] katika bunge la Iraq.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ali |first1=Majid Hassan |title=The identity controversy of religious minorities in Iraq: the crystallization of the Yazidi identity after 2003 |journal=British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies |date=15 Februari 2019 |volume=47 |issue=5 |page=15 |doi=10.1080/13530194.2019.1577129|s2cid=150358224 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iraqi Parliament guide, official web presence of Vian Dakhil |url=[http://www.iraqiparliament.info/en/node/356|publisher=Iraqiparliament](http://www.iraqiparliament.info/en/node/356 |publisher=Iraqiparliament) guide |accessdate=9 Agosti 2014 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Iraq]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Iraq]] qeci8p4nf8z7h81njyx2idv5mqtwx14 0 233484 1547772 1539830 2026-05-21T17:12:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547772 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tayseer Najeh Awad al-Mashhadani''' Alikuwa mwanasiasa wa kutoka nchini [[Iraq]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mjumbe wa [[Bunge la Kitaifa la Iraq]] katika uchaguzi wa Desemba 2005 akiwa sehemu ya [[Iraqi Accord Front]] iliyoongozwa na Waarabu wa [[Sunni]]. Alikuwa mhandisi kwa taaluma na mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kiislamu cha Iraq]].(alikufa 18 Agosti 2012)<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/27/world/middleeast/iraqi-lawmaker-kidnapped.html](https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/27/world/middleeast/iraqi-lawmaker-kidnapped.html) |title=Iraqi Lawmaker Kidnapped |publisher=The New York Times |date=27 Machi 2006 |access-date=9 Mei 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2006/03/200852512594638149.html](https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2006/03/200852512594638149.html) |title=Iraqi MP kidnapped in Baghdad |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=26 Machi 2006 |access-date=9 Mei 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Iraq]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Iraq]] [[Jamii:Wahandisi wa Iraq]] jl17f2vszpgudd7n0spvptkmx38z9kv 0 233488 1547659 1539864 2026-05-21T13:03:05Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547659 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tamba''' '''Borbor'''-'''Sawyer''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Sierra Leone]] na ofisa mstaafu wa Jeshi la Polisi la Sierra Leone. Alikuwa mbunge katika bunge la tatu kupitia chama cha upinzani cha Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP)akikiwakilisha Wilaya ya Kailahun, lakini alisimamishwa uanachama wa chama hicho mwaka 2010 baada ya kukubali nafasi ya uwaziri katika serikali iliyoongozwa na chama cha All People's Congress (APC).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=SLPP suspends JB Dauda, Sawyerr|url=http://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/slpp-suspends-jb-dauda-sawyerr|work=The Patriotic Vanguard|date=2010-12-07|accessdate=2026-05-10|language=en|author=The Patriotic Vanguard|archive-date=2026-05-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260518190226/http://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/slpp-suspends-jb-dauda-sawyerr|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} <references /> [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Sierra Leone]] qf26gopruwc72wkyxjfd4bgml8ln7sd 0 233517 1548128 1539972 2026-05-22T08:10:58Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548128 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonio Bachour''' (amezaliwa 1975 katika Rio Grande, Puerto Rico) ni [[Puerto Rico|Mpuerto Rico]] mpishi wa vitindamlo (pastry chef).<ref name="MiamiNewTimes">[[http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2013-08-29/restaurants/antonio-bachour-pastry-chef-st-regis/](http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2013-08-29/restaurants/antonio-bachour-pastry-chef-st-regis/){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Antonio Bachour: Pastry Genius], at the [[Miami New Times]]; by Emily Codik; published August 29, 2013; retrieved January 12, 2014</ref> Mwaka 2011 alitajwa kuwa mmoja wa wapishi kumi bora wa vitindamlo nchini Marekani, na baadaye alishinda Tuzo ya Zest ya 2012 ya Ubunifu wa Uokaji na Vitindamlo baada ya kuteuliwa pia mwaka 2011.<ref>[[http://blog.ice.edu/2011/06/07/top-ten-pastry-chefs-in-america-at-ice](http://blog.ice.edu/2011/06/07/top-ten-pastry-chefs-in-america-at-ice){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Top Ten Pastry Chefs in America at ICE], at the [[Institute for Culinary Education]]; published 7 June 2011; retrieved 12 January 2014</ref><ref>[[https://www.jwu.edu/content.aspx?id=965935](https://www.jwu.edu/content.aspx?id=965935) JWU & MIAMI Magazine ZEST Awards Honor Miami's Top Chefs], at [[Johnson & Wales University]]; published April 25, 2013; retrieved January 14, 2014</ref><ref>[[http://www.miami.com/johnson-amp-wales-salutes-south-florida-quotleaders-culinary-artsquot-its-new-zest-awards-article](http://www.miami.com/johnson-amp-wales-salutes-south-florida-quotleaders-culinary-artsquot-its-new-zest-awards-article) Johnson & Wales salutes South Florida "leaders in culinary arts" with its new Zest awards], at [[Miami.com]]; published March 29, 2012; retrieved January 14, 2014</ref> Jarida la Zagat limemuelezea kama “bwana wa vitindamlo vilivyopambwa” ("confection master").<ref>[[http://www.zagat.com/b/miami/macaron-making-with-chef-antonio-bachour](http://www.zagat.com/b/miami/macaron-making-with-chef-antonio-bachour) Making Macarons With Chef Antonio Bachour], at [[Zagat]]; by Carissa Chesanek; published December 18, 2013; retrieved January 14, 2014</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Puerto Rico]] emnvved5p57v5htqh8wm0tosv0o5c0k 0 233521 1548203 1539978 2026-05-22T10:43:00Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548203 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Begard Talabani''' (amezaliwa mnamo 27 Desemba 1978 mjini Dukan, Slemani) Yeye ni Waziri wa Kilimo na Rasilimali za Maji katika [[Serikali ya Mkoa wa Kurdistan]] nchini [[Iraq]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Begard Talabani|location=Erbil, Iraq|work=gov.krd|url=[https://gov.krd/english/government/the-cabinet/begard-dlshad-shukralla/}}](https://gov.krd/english/government/the-cabinet/begard-dlshad-shukralla/}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978|}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Iraq]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Iraq]] b3oamt4etekcxrpnjny6mc6l7u1e3hh 0 233525 1548032 1539985 2026-05-22T04:27:02Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548032 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alaa Abdullah Hamoud Al Saadoun''' ({{|ar|آلاء عبد الله حمود السعدون}}; alizaliwa mwaka 1956) ni mwanasiasa ktoka nchini [[Iraq]] ambaye alikuwa mwakilishi wa [[Bunge la Taifa la Mpito la Iraq]] kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja, kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.alwasatnews.com/news/409994.html|title=أحزاب](http://www.alwasatnews.com/news/409994.html|title=أحزاب) الحكومة تسيطر على المجلس الوطني العراقي الجديد|language=ar|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.alwatanvoice.com/arabic/content/print/8726.html|title=قائمة](https://www.alwatanvoice.com/arabic/content/print/8726.html|title=قائمة) اعضاء المجلس الوطني العراقي الجديد|language=ar|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=[https://alqabas.com/129721/|title=مرشحو](https://alqabas.com/129721/|title=مرشحو) قائمة الملتقى: ديموقراطية منقوصة المؤتمر اختار في جلسة صاخبة أعضاء المـجلس الوطني|language=ar|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}</ref> Pia alikuwa mbunge wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Iraq]] akiwakilisha [[Baghdad]] katika kipindi cha kwanza cha bunge kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2010 kupitia [[Iraqi Islamic Party]] ndani ya muungano wa [[Iraqi Accord Front]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://burathanews.com/arabic/news/94490|title=آلاء](http://burathanews.com/arabic/news/94490|title=آلاء) السعدون: المفوضية قررت مسبقا أن تكون نتيجة العد والفرز متطابقة والمفوضية ترفض التصريح|language=ar|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}</ref> Katika kipindi hicho, Yeye alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Kamati ya Fedha na pia mwanachama wa kamati iliyoshiriki kuandaa [[Katiba ya Iraq]] ya mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://ar.qantara.de/content/ldstwr-lrqy-ljdyd-hl-mn-lmmkn-n-tkwn-lfydrly-llmny-nmwdhj-llrq|title=هل](https://ar.qantara.de/content/ldstwr-lrqy-ljdyd-hl-mn-lmmkn-n-tkwn-lfydrly-llmny-nmwdhj-llrq|title=هل) من الممكن أن تكون الفيدرالية الألمانية نموذجا للعراق؟|language=ar|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1956|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Iraq]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Iraq]] 76l3p3tnhvigslq0ujss2enc7557lxt 0 233527 1548192 1539989 2026-05-22T10:30:20Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548192 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dkt. Bayan Nouri Tawfeeq Nadir''' (alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 11 Januari 1960, [[Sulaymaniyah]], [[Iraq]]) ni mwanasiasa wa Kikurdi kutoka nchini [[Iraq]] ambaye aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Wanawake kwa muda wa mwaka mmoja, kuanzia tarehe 18 Oktoba 2014 hadi 16 Agosti 2015.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=[http://www.kurdiu.org/details.php?section=hawal&lang=3&id=18384|title=Biography](http://www.kurdiu.org/details.php?section=hawal&lang=3&id=18384|title=Biography) of Minister of State for Women's Affairs|publisher=Kurdistan Islamic Union|date=18 Oktoba 2014|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}</ref><ref name="aawsat19oct">{{cite web|url=[http://www.aawsat.net/2014/10/article55337678|title=Iraq](http://www.aawsat.net/2014/10/article55337678|title=Iraq) parliament approves new Defense, Interior ministers|publisher=Asharq Al-Awsat|date=19 Oktoba 2014|access-date=11 Mei 2026|archive-date=29 Novemba 2014|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20141129233808/http://www.aawsat.net/2014/10/article55337678|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20141129233808/http://www.aawsat.net/2014/10/article55337678|url-status=dead}})</ref><ref name="ScrapPosts">{{cite web|url=[https://www.rferl.org/a/iraq-reforms-cabinet-posts-eliminated/27191927.html|title=Iraqi](https://www.rferl.org/a/iraq-reforms-cabinet-posts-eliminated/27191927.html|title=Iraqi) PM Scraps 11 Cabinet Posts In Reform Drive|publisher=Radio Free Europe|date=16 Agosti 2015|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa [[Kurdistan Islamic Union]].<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iraq]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Iraq]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Iraq]] svisjrlhe0iuqyb18a096cwqggy6k3c 0 233556 1547997 1540033 2026-05-22T03:04:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547997 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abu Bakarr Fofanah''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Sierra Leone]] ambaye amekuwa Waziri wa Afya na Usafi katika Baraza la Mawaziri la Sierra Leone tangu mwaka 2014. Hapo awali, alikuwa mhadhiri katika Chuo cha Tiba na Sayansi ya Afya Shirikishi (''College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences'') nchini Sierra Leone.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Change Of Guard At Health Ministry|url=http://www.newctzen.com/index.php/editoral/11-news/526-change-of-guard-at-health-ministry|work=www.newctzen.com|accessdate=2026-05-11|language=en-gb|author=MICHAEL|archive-date=2014-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027090327/http://www.newctzen.com/index.php/editoral/11-news/526-change-of-guard-at-health-ministry|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} <references /> [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Sierra Leone]] iy1zn5zcb8ue90hakzkunkc8pyoiyax 0 233584 1548064 1540066 2026-05-22T06:00:47Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548064 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ambrose Patrick Genda''' (20 Aprili 1927 – 2002) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Sierra Leone]].<ref>{{Citation|last=TIME|title=Sierra Leone: End of the Exception|url=https://time.com/archive/6874159/sierra-leone-end-of-the-exception/|work=TIME|language=en|access-date=2026-05-11|archive-date=2024-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227170328/https://time.com/archive/6874159/sierra-leone-end-of-the-exception/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RAjAnZwNxhcC&q=david%2520lansana&pg=PA41|title=Democracy by Force?: A Study of International Military Intervention in the Civil War in Sierra Leone from 1991-2000|last=Bundu|first=Abass|date=2001|publisher=Universal-Publishers|isbn=978-1-58112-698-3|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} <references /> 78pq53t3sz8ka8ynzjnu9dwdlhijqkm 0 233591 1548059 1540073 2026-05-22T05:55:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548059 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amaury Guichon''' (amezaliwa 15 Machi 1991)<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Amaury Guichon |url=[https://reportergourmet.com/en/chef/253-amaury-guichon](https://reportergourmet.com/en/chef/253-amaury-guichon) |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=reportergourmet.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ni Mpishi wa vitindamlo(pastry chef) na mtaalamu wa chokoleti (chocolatier) mwenye uraia wa [[Ufaransa]] na [[Uswisi]]. Anajulikana sana kwa ubunifu wake katika mapambo ya keki na sanamu za chokoleti. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] radnwa9btuixri7ryqq91tzys45ysej 0 233603 1548148 1540085 2026-05-22T09:12:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548148 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Audrey Eu Yuet-mee''' ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Hong Kong]] ambaye aliwakilisha eneo la Hong Kong Island (1998 constituency)|Hong Kong Island katika Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Hong Kong kuanzia mwaka 2000 hadi 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/members/yr00-04/eu.htm|title=Audrey](https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/members/yr00-04/eu.htm|title=Audrey) Eu Yuet-mee|website=Legislative Council of Hong Kong|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Eu alikuwa kiongozi mwanzilishi wa Civic Party na pia mwanachama wa kamati tendaji ya chama hicho, akijikita zaidi katika maendeleo ya chama.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.civicparty.hk/|title=Civic](https://www.civicparty.hk/|title=Civic) Party|website=Civic Party|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Katika siasa, Eu alijikita katika masuala yanayohusiana na Sheria ya Msingi ya Hong Kong (Basic Law).<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Audrey-Eu|title=Audrey](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Audrey-Eu|title=Audrey) Eu|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica|access-date=11 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] gbs83fo58rig6dpt5ad4vnkm9f34pxi 0 233611 1548034 1540094 2026-05-22T04:31:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548034 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alain Lenotre''' ni Mpishi wa vitindamlo, mtengenezaji wa pipi, na mtengenezaji wa aisikrimu. Alipata mafunzo ya upishi katika mgahawa maarufu wa nyota tatu za Michelin mjini Paris uitwao Grand Véfour.<ref>{{cite book|last=Reichl|first=Ruth|title=Remembrance of Things Paris: Sixty Years of Writing from Gourmet|year=2004|publisher=Conde Nast|isbn=0-679-64309-5|pages=100|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=eGaCJxXhJfEC&dq=Alain+Lenotre&pg=PA100}}](https://books.google.com/books?id=eGaCJxXhJfEC&dq=Alain+Lenotre&pg=PA100}})</ref> Pia alikuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa LENOTRE PARIS kuanzia mwaka 1972 hadi 1982.<ref name="ckwluxe">{{cite web |title=Alain and Marie LeNôtre |url=[https://www.ckwluxe.com/top20ceo-alain-and-marie-lenotre](https://www.ckwluxe.com/top20ceo-alain-and-marie-lenotre) |website=Caring, Kindness, and Wisdom |access-date=16 October 2023 |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Aidha, alipokea Cheti cha Master Baker kutoka Retail Bakers of America mwezi Julai 1987.<ref name="ckwluxe"/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] pycaeshx7f0tl08jvqd57e45zuxf9uj 0 233690 1548035 1540273 2026-05-22T04:33:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548035 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alain Roby''' ni [[Marekani|Mmarekani]] mpishi wa vitindamlo (pastry chef). Yeye ni mmiliki wa rekodi tatu za Guinness World Records.<ref>[[http://www.worldrecordacademy.com/food/largest_candy_cane_Geneva_chef_breaks_Guinness_world_record_113157.html](http://www.worldrecordacademy.com/food/largest_candy_cane_Geneva_chef_breaks_Guinness_world_record_113157.html){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} "Largest candy cane: Geneva chef breaks Guinness world record"] "World Record Academy", Geneva, 9 Desemba 2012. Ilipatikana 16 Januari 2013.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7sbo00swxevrb1lttkcv4kl2hae3do8 0 233705 1548040 1540248 2026-05-22T04:56:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548040 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alessia Ambrosi''' (alizaliwa 14 Aprili 1982) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia wa chama cha Brothers of Italy ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Baraza la Wawakilishi katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?shadow_deputato=308832&idpersona=308832&idlegislatura=19|title=Ambrosi Alessia – FdI|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it}}</ref> Kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2022, alihudumu katika Baraza la Kikanda la Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.consiglio.regione.taa.it/it/consiglio/avanzo-chiara.asp|title=Ambrosi Alessia|publisher=[[Regional Council of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol]]|language=it|accessdate=2026-05-11|archive-date=2022-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207033616/https://www.consiglio.regione.taa.it/it/consiglio/avanzo-chiara.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982||Ambrosi, Alessia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] 8w3kesd4t757m0nmq6g7yebmtth2dvw 0 233720 1548110 1540323 2026-05-22T07:31:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548110 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Ascani''' (alizaliwa 17 Oktoba 1987) ni mwanasiasa wa Italia anayehudumu kama mwanachama wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia tangu mwaka 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg19/29?shadow_deputato=305886&idpersona=305886&idlegislatura=19|title=ASCANI Anna - PD|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it}}</ref> Pia, anahudumu kama Makamu wa Rais wa Baraza la Wawakilishi tangu mwaka 2022 na ni mwanachama mashuhuri wa [[Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia (PD)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlamento19.openpolis.it/persone/anna-ascani/100431|title=Anna Ascani|publisher=[[:it:Openpolis|Openpolis]]|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1987||Ascani, Anna}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Italia]] 7urdkmwb5in2z5wyo9zxrdp5ojgl2v7 0 233721 1548036 1540279 2026-05-22T04:40:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548036 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Henri Roux''' OBE (8 Oktoba 1935 – 4 Januari 2021) alikuwa [[Ufaransa|Mfaransa]] mmiliki wa mgahawa na [[mpishi]]. Yeye pamoja na kaka yake Michel waliendesha mgahawa wa Le Gavroche uliopo Mayfair, [[London]], ambao ulikuwa mgahawa wa kwanza nchini Uingereza kupata nyota tatu za Michelin star. Roux alisaidia kufundisha wapishi wengi ambao baadaye walipata nyota za Michelin, na mwanawe Michel Roux, Jr. aliendelea kuendesha Le Gavroche hadi Januari 2024. == Maisha ya awali == Albert Roux alizaliwa katika kijiji cha Semur-en-Brionnais katika eneo la [[Saône-et-Loire]], Ufaransa tarehe 8 Oktoba 1935.<ref>{{cite web |title=Albert Roux, OBE, KFO |2=Roux Scholarship |url=[https://www.rouxscholarship.co.uk/page/albert-roux-obe/](https://www.rouxscholarship.co.uk/page/albert-roux-obe/) |access-date=1 November 2019 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1935|2021}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] m320v9i18u8jtgm1oi65643ve49lt7z 0 233749 1547902 1540375 2026-05-21T22:17:08Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547902 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vittoria Baldino''' (alizaliwa 28 Mei 1988) ni mwanasiasa na mwanasheria wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[Bunge la Italia]] katika uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2018 kwa ajili ya bunge la kumi na nane.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307321&idLegislatura=18|title=BALDINO Vittoria - M5S|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it}}</ref> Ameendelea kufanya kazi kama bungeni akirejea tena katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlamento19.openpolis.it/persone/vittoria-baldino/307321|title=Vittoria Baldino|publisher=[[:it:Openpolis|Openpolis]]|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1988||Baldino, Vittoria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Italia]] 7x5c1hu5uauyqs42y5kgsxo2l5n5oke 0 233787 1548116 1540513 2026-05-22T07:41:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Lisa Baroni''' (alizaliwa 20 Oktoba 1959) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge katika [[Bunge la Italia]] wakati wa [[Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018|uchaguzi mkuu wa mwaka 2018]] kwa ajili ya bunge la kumi na nane.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307304&idLegislatura=18|title=BARONI Anna Lisa - FI|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it}}</ref> Wakati wa muhula wake, aliwakilisha chama cha Forza Italia kabla ya kujiunga na kikundi cha Azione mnamo mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlamento18.openpolis.it/persone/anna-lisa-baroni/334213|title=Anna Lisa Baroni|publisher=[[:it:Openpolis|Openpolis]]|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1959||Baroni, Anna Lisa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] clybfzx25rymrgsutvnoqmx9ho1xvpf 0 233799 1548000 1540540 2026-05-22T03:08:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548000 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alhaji Abubakarr Jalloh''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Sierra Leone]]. Tangu kuchaguliwa kwa Ernest Bai Koroma kama Rais wa Sierra Leone mnamo Septemba 2007, Jalloh amehudumu kama Waziri wa Rasilimali za Madini. Katika uchaguzi wa Rais wa mwaka 2002, Jalloh alikuwa mgombea mwenza wa Koroma kupitia chama cha All People's Congress (APC). Yeye ni mwanachama wa kabila la Wafula (Fula).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Profile of Alhaji Abubakarr Jalloh|url=http://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/profile-of-alhaji-abubakarr-jalloh|work=The Patriotic Vanguard|date=2007-10-11|accessdate=2026-05-11|language=en|author=The Patriotic Vanguard|archive-date=2025-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250605085325/http://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/profile-of-alhaji-abubakarr-jalloh|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} <references /> [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Sierra Leone]] fxhps3m2qts7s5m12otud7is4dxlpy0 0 233819 1548117 1540568 2026-05-22T07:43:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548117 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Maria Bernini''' (alizaliwa 17 Agosti 1965) ni mwanasiasa, mwanasheria, na profesa wa chuo kikuu nchini [[Italia]]. Amechaguliwa katika [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia]] na [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia|Baraza la Seneti la Jamhuri]], na amewahi kufanya kazi kama [[Waziri wa Masuala ya Ulaya wa Italia]]. Kwa sasa, ni [[Waziri wa Vyuo Vikuu na Utafiti wa Italia]] katika serikali ya Giorgia Meloni tangu Oktoba 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mur.gov.it/it/ministero/ministro|title=Anna Maria Bernini - Ministro dell'Università e della Ricerca|publisher=Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wasifu == Kitaaluma, Bernini ni profesa wa sheria ya umma inayolinganishwa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Bologna. Katika siasa, yeye ni mwanachama mwandamizi wa chama cha [[Forza Italia]], ambapo alihudumu kama kiongozi wa kundi la chama hicho katika Baraza la Seneti kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/leg/18/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00025558.htm|title=Scheda di attività di Anna Maria BERNINI - XVIII Legislatura|publisher=Senato della Repubblica|language=it}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||Bernini, Anna Maria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jnmtx2faxa8at1ybcrb5ujlp5wdlyzp 0 233826 1548112 1540578 2026-05-22T07:33:27Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548112 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Bilotti''' (alizaliwa 15 Juni 1982) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]]. Yeye ni mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia]] kutoka jimbo la [[Campania 2 (Baraza la Wawakilishi)|Campania 2]] kupitia chama cha [[Five Star Movement]] (M5S).<ref>{{Cite web|title=XVIII Legislatura - Deputati e Organi - Scheda deputato - BILOTTI Anna|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/29?shadow_deputato=307557&idLegislatura=18|access-date=2021-10-19|website=www.camera.it|language=it}}</ref> == Wasifu == Kitaaluma Bilotti ni mwanasheria. Alichaguliwa bungeni kwa mara ya kwanza katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018. Katika kipindi chake bungeni, amekuwa akijihusisha zaidi na masuala ya sheria, haki, na usalama wa kijamii akihudumu katika Kamati ya Pili ya Sheria.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlamento18.openpolis.it/persone/anna-bilotti/236173|title=Anna Bilotti|publisher=[[:it:Openpolis|Openpolis]]|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982||Bilotti, Anna}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Wanasheria wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bnanyr3025oj3cchsy6u06tv7ij0e9p 0 233845 1547993 1540608 2026-05-22T02:59:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abel Nathaniel Bankole Stronge''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Sierra Leone]] ambaye alikuwa Spika wa Bunge la Sierra Leone kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi Novemba 2013. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama tawala cha All People's Congress (APC) na anawakilisha Wilaya ya Mjini ya Western Area. Bankole Stronge alimrithi Edmund Cowan wa chama cha Sierra Leone People's Party katika nafasi ya Spika wa Bunge baada ya uchaguzi wa Rais na Wabunge wa Sierra Leone wa mwaka 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Politico SL News » Drama in Parliament as Sierra Leone gets new Speaker|url=http://politicosl.com/2014/01/drama-as-sierra-leone-gets-new-house-speaker/|work=politicosl.com|accessdate=2026-05-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Abdulai Conteh Comments on Controversial Speaker Issue|url=https://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/dr-abdulai-conteh-comments-on-controversial-speaker-issue|work=The Patriotic Vanguard|date=2013-11-22|accessdate=2026-05-11|language=en|author=The Patriotic Vanguard|archive-date=2026-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260517142329/http://www.thepatrioticvanguard.com/dr-abdulai-conteh-comments-on-controversial-speaker-issue|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8maf63rfrd4lr10zjoaiukazx5u6st5 0 233866 1547934 1541006 2026-05-22T01:30:57Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547934 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yves Thuriès''' (amezaliwa 5 Juni 1938) ni [[Ufaransa|Mfaransa]] [[mpishi]] na mpishi wa vitindamlo ambaye ametunukiwa mara mbili hadhi ya Meilleur Ouvrier de France.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Ammar |first=Mouna |date=2023-02-24 |title=Coup de projecteur sur la franchise Yves Thuriès ! |url=[https://ac-franchise.com/article/coup-de-projecteur-sur-la-franchise-yves-thuries](https://ac-franchise.com/article/coup-de-projecteur-sur-la-franchise-yves-thuries) |access-date=2023-02-26 |website=AC Franchise |language=fr-FR }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1938|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] o17jhtv9lkzvewm6jgftpfa9iy9wcat 0 233879 1547641 1540668 2026-05-21T12:31:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547641 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tala Bashmi''' ( amezaliwa 1988 au 1989) ni mpishi na mmiliki wa mgahawa kutoka [[Bahrain]]. Tangu mwaka 2017 amekuwa mpishi mlezi wa Fusions by Tala, mgahawa ulio ndani ya Gulf Hotel Bahrain Convention & Spa mjini [[Manama]]. Pia amejitokeza katika vipindi vya televisheni vya upishi, hususan katika kipindi cha mwaka 2019 cha ''Top Chef Middle East''. == Wasifu == Bashmi alizaliwa Bahrain<ref name="theworlds50best.com">{{cite web |last1=Drew |first1=William |title=Get to know Tala Bashmi – the first-ever holder of the Middle East & North Africa's Best Female Chef title |url=[https://www.theworlds50best.com/stories/News/mena-tala-bashmi-best-female-chef.html](https://www.theworlds50best.com/stories/News/mena-tala-bashmi-best-female-chef.html) |website=[[The World's 50 Best Restaurants]] |access-date=6 September 2022 |date=15 December 2021 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> mwaka 1988 au 1989.<ref name="Arab News">{{cite news |last1=Khan |first1=Shaistha |title=Award-winning Bahraini chef Tala Bashmi looks to reinvent Gulf cuisine |url=[https://www.arabnews.com/node/2141231/lifestyle](https://www.arabnews.com/node/2141231/lifestyle) |access-date=24 August 2022 |work=[[Arab News]] |date=12 August 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Bahrain]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] eco0t4hyzawikix3ka3k7lcd99jfl8s 0 233890 1547930 1540682 2026-05-22T01:24:01Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547930 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yoshiaki "Yuki" Chizui''' ni mpishi wa sushi kutoka [[Japani]]. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi na meneja wa mgahawa unaoitwa “Nadeshico Sushi” uliopo Akihabara, [[Tokyo]], ambao unajulikana kuwa mgahawa wa kwanza wa sushi unaoendeshwa na wafanyakazi wote wanawake. == Maisha ya awali == Chizui alisoma sanaa wakati akiwa anafanya kazi ya muda katika mgahawa wa sushi uliopo katika soko la samaki la Tsukiji. Baada ya kumaliza masomo yake ya chuo kikuu na kukosa ajira katika sekta ya sanaa, aliamua kuanzisha mgahawa wake mwenyewe, hatua iliyolenga kupinga ubaguzi wa kijinsia nchini Japani.<ref name="eater">{{cite web |last1=Fuhrmeister |first1=Chris |title=Watch: The Female Sushi Chef Bucking Japan's Male-Dominated Traditions |url=[https://www.eater.com/2016/8/12/12454002/female-sushi-chefs-japan](https://www.eater.com/2016/8/12/12454002/female-sushi-chefs-japan) |website=[[Eater (website)|Eater]] |access-date=28 Desemba 2025 |date=12 Agosti 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 64s7ti6k2s03rqx8ys1fc8pnx924pfl 0 233914 1548120 1540717 2026-05-22T07:48:26Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548120 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anna Rita Bramerini''' (alizaliwa 25 Agosti 1968) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] ambaye alifanya kazi kama [[Assessor (Italia)|mshauri wa mkoa (assessor)]] wa Uchumi na Utalii (2005–2007) na wa Mazingira (2007–2015) katika serikali ya mkoa wa [[Tuscany]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini [[Grosseto]] na kusomea masuala ya fasihi na falsafa. Bramerini ni mwanachama wa [[Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia]] (PD). Katika kipindi chake akiwa mshauri wa mazingira, alisimamia miradi muhimu ya nishati mbadala na ulinzi wa vyanzo vya maji katika mkoa wa Tuscany.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.regione.toscana.it/-/anna-rita-bramerini|title=Anna Rita Bramerini - Regione Toscana|publisher=Regione Toscana|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Baada ya kumaliza muda wake serikalini, mnamo mwaka 2015 aliteuliwa kuwa mkurugenzi wa chama cha wafanyabiashara wadogo na wa kati (CNA) katika mkoa wa Grosseto.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lanazione.it/grosseto/cronaca/anna-rita-bramerini-cna-1.1278453|title=Anna Rita Bramerini alla guida della Cna|work=[[La Nazione]]|date=4 Septemba 2015|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968||Bramerini, Anna Rita}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 9b22til421vnee3ktxyszhilxpjovix 0 233915 1548197 1540718 2026-05-22T10:35:48Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Beatrice Brignone''' (alizaliwa 31 Januari 1978) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] ambaye alikuwa kiongozi wa chama cha [[Possible (Italia)|Possible]] (kwa Kiitaliano: ''Possibile'') kuanzia mwaka 2018 hadi 2024. Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia]] kuanzia mwaka 2015 hadi 2018. == Wasifu == Brignone alizaliwa mjini [[Senigallia]]. Kitaaluma yeye ni mwanasheria. Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa ndani ya [[Chama cha Kidemokrasia (Italia)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia]] (PD), lakini alikihama chama hicho mwaka 2015 akifuata nyayo za Giuseppe Civati ili kuanzisha chama kipya cha mrengo wa kushoto cha ''Possibile''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg17/29?shadow_deputato=306560&idLegislatura=17|title=BRIGNONE Beatrice - POSSIBILE|publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]|language=it}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2018, alichaguliwa kuwa Katibu wa chama cha ''Possibile'', nafasi aliyoishika hadi alipojiuzulu mnamo mwaka 2024. Katika kipindi chake bungeni na kama kiongozi wa chama, amekuwa mtetezi mkubwa wa haki za kijamii, usawa wa kijinsia, na masuala ya mazingira.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://parlamento17.openpolis.it/persone/beatrice-brignone/711200|title=Beatrice Brignone|publisher=[[:it:Openpolis|Openpolis]]|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1978||Brignone, Beatrice}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nbe0t5zt78pxp5p71kp1lghjhsicm8e 0 233926 1548122 1540744 2026-05-22T07:51:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548122 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Annamaria Cancellieri''' (alizaliwa 22 Oktoba 1943) ni afisa wa serikali na mkuu wa mkoa (prefect) wa [[Italia]] ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani katika Baraza la Mawaziri la Monti na Wizara ya Sheria (Italia)|Waziri wa Sheria katika Baraza la Mawaziri la Letta. == Wasifu == Cancellieri alizaliwa mjini [[Roma]]. Alikuwa na wasifu mrefu na mashuhuri kama mkuu wa mkoa katika miji mbalimbali ya Italia, ikiwemo [[Vicenza]], [[Bergamo]], [[Brescia]], [[Catania]], na [[Genoa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.interno.gov.it/it/ministero/i-ministri-dellinterno-dal-1861-ad-oggi/annamaria-cancellieri|title=Annamaria Cancellieri - Ministero dell'Interno|publisher=Ministero dell'Interno|language=it}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2011, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani chini ya Waziri Mkuu Mario Monti, akiwa mwanamke wa pili kushika nafasi hiyo katika historia ya Italia. Baadaye, mwaka 2013, aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Sheria chini ya Enrico Letta. Cancellieri anajulikana kwa utaalamu wake katika usimamizi wa migogoro na utawala wa umma.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/annamaria-cancellieri/|title=Cancellieri, Annamaria|publisher=Enciclopedia Treccani|language=it}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1943||Cancellieri, Annamaria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Roma]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 166mo4jrmxxyeknb0pj7hd2v8jdgjrs 0 234217 1547907 1541340 2026-05-21T22:59:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Wanda Ferro''' (alizaliwa 24 Machi 1968) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] wa chama cha [[Brothers of Italy]] (Fratelli d'Italia) ambaye anahudumu kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Italia (Camera dei Deputati). Tangu mwaka 2022, amekuwa akihudumu kama Naibu Waziri (Undersecretary) katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Ndani ya Italia. == Wasifu == Ferro alizaliwa mjini [[Catanzaro]], katika mkoa wa [[Calabria]]. Alihitimu shahada ya fasihi na falsafa katika Chuo Kikuu cha Messina. Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa tangu ujana wake ndani ya harakati za vijana wa mrengo wa kulia. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Ferro ana uzoefu mkubwa katika uongozi wa serikali za mitaa na kitaifa: * **Rais wa Mkoa wa Catanzaro:** Alihudumu kama Rais wa [[Mkoa wa Catanzaro]] kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi 2014, akiwa mwanamke wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo katika mkoa huo. * **Uchaguzi wa Calabria 2014:** Alikuwa mgombea wa muungano wa mrengo wa kulia kwa ajili ya nafasi ya Rais wa Mkoa wa Calabria.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lacnews24.it/politica/elezioni-regionali-chi-la-candidata-del-centrodestra-wanda-ferro_4736/|title=Elezioni regionali: chi è la candidata del centrodestra Wanda Ferro|work=LaC News24|date=29 October 2014|language=it|accessdate=2026-05-13|archive-date=2024-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812133302/https://www.lacnews24.it/politica/elezioni-regionali-chi-la-candidata-del-centrodestra-wanda-ferro_4736/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * **Bunge la Italia:** Alichaguliwa bungeni kwa mara ya kwanza katika Uchaguzi mkuu wa Italia wa 2018 akiwakilisha jimbo la Vibo Valentia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.strettoweb.com/2018/03/calabria-wanda-ferro-eletta-camera-deputati-vibo-valentia/668361/|title=Calabria: eletta alla Camera la candidata di Fratelli d'Italia Wanda Ferro|work=StrettoWeb|date=6 March 2018|language=it}}</ref> Alichaguliwa tena kwa kura nyingi katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lacnews24.it/politica/politiche-eletta-wanda-ferro-fdi-nel-collegio-uninominale-camera-catanzaro_160179/|title=Politiche, eletta Wanda Ferro (Fdi) nel collegio uninominale Camera Catanzaro|work=LaC News24|date=26 September 2022|language=it}}</ref> Mnamo tarehe 2 Novemba 2022, aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Ndani chini ya serikali ya [[Giorgia Meloni]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ilvibonese.it/politica/276303-ferro-sottosegretario-interno-fratelli-ditalia-vibo/|title=Wanda Ferro sottosegretario all'Interno, Fratelli d'Italia Vibo: «Giusto riconoscimento»|work=Il Vibonese|date=1 November 2022|language=it}}</ref> Katika nafasi hii, amekuwa akijishughulisha na masuala ya usalama wa raia na uratibu wa serikali za mitaa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968||Ferro, Wanda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] amay27a0sbysbvyxrtb00xspdbyewfh 0 234219 1548182 1541343 2026-05-22T10:09:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548182 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barbara Floridia''' (alizaliwa 5 Februari 1977) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Italia]] ambaye anahudumu kama [[Baraza la Seneti la Italia|Seneta]] tangu mwaka 2018. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Five Star Movement]] (M5S).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senato.it/leg/18/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00032634.htm|title=Scheda di attività di Barbara FLORIDIA - XVIII Legislatura|publisher=Senato della Repubblica|language=it|access-date=2026-05-13}}</ref> == Wasifu == Floridia alizaliwa mjini [[Messina]], mkoani [[Sicily]]. Kabla ya kuingia kwenye siasa, alikuwa mwalimu wa fasihi katika shule za upili, kazi ambayo imekuwa ikichochea harakati zake za kisiasa katika sekta ya elimu na mazingira. == Kazi ya kisiasa == Alichaguliwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika Baraza la Seneti la Italia mnamo mwaka 2018. Katika serikali ya [[Mario Draghi]] (2021–2022), aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri (Undersecretary) katika Wizara ya Elimu, ambapo alisimamia miradi ya elimu ya mazingira na uendelevu (ReGeneration Scuola).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.orizzontescuola.it/barbara-floridia-sottosegretaria-allistruzione-la-biografia/|title=Barbara Floridia sottosegretaria all’Istruzione: la biografia|work=Orizzonte Scuola|language=it|date=24 February 2021}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2023, alichaguliwa kuwa Rais wa Kamati ya Bunge ya Usimamizi wa Huduma za Utangazaji (RAI), nafasi muhimu inayohakikisha uwiano na haki katika vyombo vya habari vya umma nchini Italia.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/politica/2023/03/28/barbara-floridia-eletta-presidente-della-vigilanza-rai_81096053-9095-467f-9464-94c34a2e5572.html|title=Barbara Floridia eletta presidente della Vigilanza Rai|work=ANSA|date=28 March 2023|language=it}}</ref> Mbali na majukumu yake ya kibunge, Floridia anajulikana kama msemaji mahiri wa Five Star Movement katika masuala ya ikolojia na mageuzi ya elimu. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977||Floridia, Barbara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dcf30m3n9e9obbbn8045lyypeu75goa 0 234260 1547834 1541406 2026-05-21T18:43:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Travis Ward''' ([[Januari 29]], [[1922]] – [[Novemba 12]], [[2015]]) alikuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] huru wa mafuta kutoka [[Texas]], [[Marekani]]. Alipata shahada ya uhandisi wa mafuta kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la Louisiana. Alihudumu katika Jeshi la Wanaanga la Marekani wakati wa [[Vita vya Pili vya Dunia]] kama rubani wa ndege za kivita<ref>{{cite web|title=Travis Ward|date=21 November 2015|url=http://www.ariacremation.com/obituary/8876/|publisher=aria cremation|accessdate=14 January 2016|archive-date=2017-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116172007/http://www.ariacremation.com/obituary/8876/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dallascounty.org/public_access.php|title=Sources: Travis Ward's Third Amended Counterclaim, Cause No. DC0812624|publisher=www.dallascounty.org/public_access.php|date=2007-08-05 |accessdate=2010-09-16}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1922]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2015]] hgl0rh6hkfswirfv517gwepo1y1icc1 0 234350 1548053 1541539 2026-05-22T05:38:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548053 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Almerindo Jaka Jamba''' (21 Machi 1949 – 1 Aprili 2018) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] mashuhuri, kanali, na mwanafikra wa [[Angola]]. Alijulikana kama mmoja wa viongozi wenye busara na elimu ya juu ndani ya chama cha UNITA, akitumia muda mwingi wa maisha yake kutafuta suluhu ya kisiasa kwa mivutano ya nchi hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MORREU JAKA JAMBA|url=https://jornalf8.net/2018/morreu-jaka-jamba/|work=Jornal Folha 8|date=2018-04-01|accessdate=2026-05-13|language=pt-PT|author=Redacção F8|archive-date=2025-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250819164905/https://jornalf8.net/2018/morreu-jaka-jamba/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Angola]] q3qtvty8c31y66k7ycej3phznyhxgwe 0 234382 1547867 1541575 2026-05-21T20:07:41Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547867 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Unai Nuñez Gestoso''' (amezaliwa [[30 Januari]], [[1997]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]] ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kati wa klabu ya CF Valencia, kwa mkopo kutoka RC Celta de Vigo. Ana mechi moja ya kimataifa kwa timu ya taifa ya Hispania.<ref name=altura>{{cite web|url=https://as.com/futbol/2019/03/15/primera/1552668012_846358.html|title=Unai Núñez: "Demostré que estoy a la altura de Iñigo y Yeray"|trans-title=Unai Núñez: "I showed that I'm at the high level of Iñigo and Yeray"|publisher=Diario AS|language=es|date=15 March 2019|access-date=20 May 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lacanteradelezama.com/simon-nunez-andoni-lopez-urzelai-y-guruzeta-ascenderan-al-bilbao-athletic/|title=Simón, Núñez, Andoni López, Urzelai y Guruzeta ascenderán al Bilbao Athletic|trans-title=Simón, Núñez, Andoni López, Urzelai and Guruzeta will ascend to Bilbao Athletic|publisher=La Cantera de Lezama|language=es|date=7 June 2016|access-date=18 July 2017|archive-date=2025-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709015330/https://www.lacanteradelezama.com/simon-nunez-andoni-lopez-urzelai-y-guruzeta-ascenderan-al-bilbao-athletic/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.athletic-club.eus/en/news/2024/08/28/unai-nunez-returns-to-athletic-club-on-loan/|title=Unai Nuñez returns to Athletic Club on loan|publisher=Athletic Club|date=28 August 2024|access-date=29 August 2024}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1997|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] d5y18tbhs3xj2k9r25zfzonkanjsh7h 0 234456 1548129 1541897 2026-05-22T08:13:07Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548129 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonio Maceda Francés''' (amezaliwa [[16 Mei]], [[1957]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[mpira wa miguu]] kutoka [[Hispania]]. Ingawa alikuwa beki wa kati, alijulikana pia kwa uwezo wake wa kufunga mabao. Alianza kariya yake na Sporting de Gijón na akaimaliza akiwa na Real Madrid CF, ambako alikumbwa sana na majeraha. Maceda alicheza mara 36 kwa timu ya taifa ya Hispania na aliwakilisha taifa hilo katika Kombe la Dunia mara mbili pamoja na UEFA Euro 1984. <ref name=Vavel>{{cite web|url=https://www.vavel.com/es/futbol/2015/01/14/sporting-de-gijon/436996.html|title=Futbolistas de leyenda: Antonio Maceda|trans-title=Legendary footballers: Antonio Maceda|publisher=[[Vavel]]|first=Jorge|last=Tuñón|language=es|date=14 January 2015|access-date=5 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2016/09/sporting-de-gijon-197879-a-un-suspiro-de-la-gloria/|title=Sporting de Gijón 1978/79: A un suspiro de la gloria|trans-title=Sporting de Gijón 1978/79: Inches away from glory|publisher=Cuadernos de Fútbol|first=Julio|last=Jareño Pastor|language=es|date=1 September 2016|access-date=5 May 2025|archive-date=2026-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260223000735/https://www.cuadernosdefutbol.com/2016/09/sporting-de-gijon-197879-a-un-suspiro-de-la-gloria/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Marejeo== <references /> {{mbegu-cheza-mpira}} {{BD|1957|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Hispania]] i4j115xmcvtqtzrmablnarb9ngfcfww 0 234515 1547872 1543575 2026-05-21T20:21:43Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{tafsiri kompyuta}} '''Usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya''' ina sifa ya viwango vya chini vya upatikanaji wa maji na [[usafi wa mazingira]], hasa katika [[Kitongoji duni|miji duni]] na maeneo ya [[Eneo la vijijini|vijijini]], pamoja na ubora duni wa huduma kwa namna ya ugavi wa maji wa vipindi. [[Uhaba wa maji]] wa msimu na kikanda nchini [[Kenya]] huongeza ugumu wa kuboresha usambazaji wa maji. Sekta ya maji ya [[Kenya]] ilipitia marekebisho makubwa kupitia Sheria ya Maji Nambari 8 ya mwaka wa 2002. Hapo awali utoaji wa huduma ulikuwa uwajibikaji wa Shirika moja la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba pamoja na huduma chache za ndani zilizoimarishwa tangu mwaka wa 1996. Baada ya kupitishwa kwa utoaji wa huduma ya sheria, utoaji wa huduma uligawanywa polepole kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji wa ndani (WSPs) 91. Hizi ziliunganishwa na Bodi 8 za mikoa ya Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zinazowajibikia usimamizi wa mali kupitia makubaliano ya Utoaji Huduma (SPAs) na WSPs. Sheria hiyo pia iliunda bodi ya udhibiti ya kitaifa ambayo hufanya upimaji wa utendaji, kufanya uwekaji alama wa utendaji na inasimamia kuidhinisha SPAs na marekebisho ya ushuru. Kwa muswada wa Maji, 2014, kazi za WSBs 8 zilihamishiwa kwa Bodi 47 za Maendeleo ya Kazi za Maji kwenye kila [[Wilaya, tarafa na kata za Kenya|kaunti ya Kenya]] . Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji inaendelea kuongoza katika masuala ya sera za utoaji wa maji, wakati Wizara ya Afya ya Umma na Usafi wa Mazingira ikidhibiti miongozo inayohusu usafi wa mazingira. Licha ya kuwa ushuru wa maji mijini ni mkubwa ikilinganishwa na nchi za kanda (wastani wa KSh.60/= au US$0.60 kwa mita ya ujazo mwaka 2014), viwango hivi vinatosha tu kugharamia uendeshaji, na si gharama za uwekezaji wa mtaji. Urejeshaji kamili wa gharama unakwamishwa na mambo kadhaa, ikiwemo kiwango kikubwa cha maji yanayopotea bila kuingiza mapato (wastani wa 42%). Kwa kuzingatia gharama ya uzalishaji, hasara nchi nzima kutokana na maji yasiyolipiwa mnamo 2014 ilikadiriwa kuwa KSh.5.2 bilioni/=, ambayo ni sawa na dola milioni 52 za Marekani.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=M |first=Nduta Mbarathi |date=2014 |title=Savings and Mobile Banking Services amongst Poor Women within Kenya's Rural Agricultural Sector |url=https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2523762 |journal=SSRN Electronic Journal |doi=10.2139/ssrn.2523762 |issn=1556-5068}}</ref> Sababu nyingine ni ulazima wa kutafuta vyanzo vya maji vilivyo mbali sana kwa gharama kubwa katika maeneo fulani. Kwa mfano, jiji la Mombasa hupata maji yake kutoka chanzo kilicho umbali wa kilomita 220. Ingawa 16% ya wakazi wa mijini nchini Kenya wana huduma ya maji taka, hakuna tozo maalumu ya maji taka, hali inayofanya huduma hii ghali kutolewa bila malipo yoyote. == Vyanzo vya data na tafsiri == Upataji wa takwimu za kuaminika katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya ni changamoto kutokana na kuripoti kutokamilika na matumizi ya fasili zinazotofautiana. Maelezo ya kitaifa yanayotoa picha halisi yanapatikana kupitia vyanzo viwili vikuu: sensa za kila muongo, ambapo ijayo inatazamiwa kufanyika mwaka wa 2029, pamoja na Utafiti wa Afya na Idadi ya Watu unaotekelezwa kila baada ya miaka mitano na Shirika la Kitaifa la Takwimu la Kenya (KNBS). Takwimu hizi huchambuliwa na Mpango wa Pamoja wa Ufuatiliaji (JMP) wa mashirika ya WHO na UNICEF ili kupima hatua zilizofikiwa katika [[Malengo endelevu|Malengo ya Maendeleo Endelevu]](SDG's) . <ref name="track">African Ministers' Council on Water, AMCOW and Water and Sanitation Program (2006) [http://www.wsp.org/UserFiles/file/27200752445_MDGsAfrica.pdf Getting Africa on Track to Meet the MDGs on Water Supply and Sanitation – A Status Review of Sixteen African Countries]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, pp.33–43. </ref> Hata hivyo, taarifa hizi huangazia tu uwepo wa miundombinu ya maji na usafi. Hazibainishi iwapo maji hayo ni salama kwa matumizi, yanatosheleza mahitaji, yanapatikana bila kukatika, au kama gharama zake ni himilivu kwa wananchi. Rasilimali nyingine ya maana ya takwimu ni "ripoti ya utendaji" (Impact Report) inayotolewa kila mwaka na mamlaka ya udhibiti wa maji, WASREB, tangu mwaka wa 2008. Ripoti hii imewezesha upatikanaji wa maelezo ya kina kwa umma kuhusu makampuni mengi ya kutoa huduma za maji, jambo ambalo ni hatua kubwa ikilinganishwa na miaka ya nyuma au mataifa mengine mengi. Pamoja na hayo, takwimu hizi huangazia tu idadi ya watu wanaopata huduma kutoka kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs), kundi ambalo halijumuishi idadi ya watu wote nchini Kenya, na kuacha nyuma sehemu kubwa ya maeneo ya vijijini. == Rasilimali za maji == [[Faili:KerioRiver-Dry.JPG|thumb|300x300px|[[Kerio (mto)|Mto Kerio]] katika [[Bonde la Ufa]] wakati wa kiangazi.]] Kiwango cha rasilimali za maji safi zinazoweza kurejereka nchini Kenya kinakadiriwa kuwa kilomita za ujazo 20.2 kwa mwaka, kiasi ambacho ni sawa na mita za ujazo 647 kwa kila mwananchi kwa mwaka. nakadiriwa kuwa jumla ya maji yanayochotwa kila mwaka ni zaidi ya kilomita za ujazo 2.7, ikiwa ni chini ya asilimia 14 ya rasilimali zote zilizopo. Pamoja na hayo, upatikanaji wa rasilimali hizi hutofautiana mno kulingana na majira na maeneo tofauti ya nchi. Maeneo mengi nchini hupata misimu miwili ya mvua, ambapo mvua za masika kwa kawaida hunyesha kuanzia mwezi Machi hadi Mei, huku mvua za vuli zikitarajiwa kati ya Oktoba na Novemba. Vilevile, Kenya hukabiliwa na mzunguko wa ukame na mafuriko kila baada ya miaka mitatu au minne, majanga ambayo huathiri sehemu kubwa ya jamii. Kipindi cha ukame mkali zaidi kilichoshuhudiwa hivi karibuni kilianzia mwaka wa 2007 hadi mwishoni mwa 2009, na kusababisha athari hasi katika nyanja zote za kiuchumi. Kiwango cha wastani cha mvua nchini ni milimita 630 kwa mwaka, ingawa takwimu hizi zinatofautiana kulingana na kanda; kaskazini mwa Kenya hupata chini ya milimita 200, ilhali maeneo ya miteremko ya Mlima Kenya hupokea zaidi ya milimita 1,800. [[Faili:KerioRiver-Flowing.JPG|thumb|300x300px|Mto Kerio ukitiririka baada ya mvua kubwa ya masika katika eneo hilo, ikionyesha tofauti kubwa katika upatikanaji wa maji kati ya msimu wa kiangazi na wa mvua.]] === Maji ya juu === Nchi ya [[Kenya]] imegawanyika katika mabonde makuu matano ya mifereji ya maji. Mfumo wa maji wa Bonde la [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] ulioko Magharibi mwa Kenya ni sehemu ya Bonde la [[Nile|Mto Nile]]. Aidha, mfumo wa mifereji ya maji ya ndani katika [[Bonde la Ufa]] unajumuisha mito na maziwa mbalimbali, yakiwemo maziwa makubwa ya maji baridi kama vile [[Turkana (ziwa)|Ziwa Turkana]], [[Ziwa Baringo]], na [[Ziwa Naivasha]], pamoja na mito kama Mto Kerio na maziwa kadhaa ya chumvi. Mifumo ya maji ya [[Athi]], [[Tana (mto)|Tana]], na Ewaso Ng'iro Kaskazini yote inaelekeza maji yake kuelekea [[Bahari ya Hindi]]. Kuna tofauti kubwa ya mgawanyo wa rasilimali za maji nchini, ambapo Bonde la [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] linaongoza kwa kuwa na zaidi ya asilimia 50 ya maji yote, huku Bonde la [[Athi]] likiwa na kiasi kidogo zaidi. Ni mabonde ya [[Tana (mto)|Tana]] na [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] pekee yanayofurahia ziada ya maji, wakati mabonde mengine matatu yaliyosalia yakikumbwa na uhaba mkubwa. Jiji kuu la [[Nairobi]] hupata maji yake kutoka kwa mifumo miwili mikuu ya mabonde ya mito. Vyanzo vya kale zaidi, ambavyo ni Chemchemi za Kikuyu (zilizofunguliwa tangu 1906) na Bwawa la Ruiru (tangu 1938), vinapatikana ndani ya Bonde la [[Mto Athi]]. Kwa upande mwingine, mabwawa ya Sasumua, Ndakaini-Thika (tangu 1996), na Chania-B yanahudumia [[Nairobi]] kupitia mfumo wa kuhamisha maji kutoka Bonde la [[Tana (mto)|Mto Tana]]. Takriban asilimia 20 ya mahitaji ya jiji hutoshelezwa na maji ya ardhini, kiasi kinachokadirika kufikia mita za ujazo 60,000 hadi 70,000 kila siku. . [[Mombasa]], ambalo ni jiji la pili kwa ukubwa nchini, linakidhi mahitaji yake ya maji kupitia mtambo wa Marere upande wa kusini-magharibi, Baricho katika sehemu ya chini ya [[Athi|Mto Athi]], na Chemchemi za Mzima zilizoko sehemu ya juu ya [[Athi|Mto Athi]], ambapo maji hayo husafirishwa kupitia bomba lenye urefu wa kilomita 220 hadi jijini. === Maji ya chini ya ardhi === Nchi ya [[Kenya]] hutegemea rasilimali za maji ya juu, kama vile mito, maziwa, na hifadhi za mabwawa, pamoja na maji ya chini ya ardhi. Kiwango cha utegemezi wa maji ya ardhini ni kikubwa zaidi katika maeneo ya vijijini na kanda ya pwani, ambapo hata miji ya maeneo hayo hutumia maji hayo ya chini ya ardhi kama chanzo kikuu. <ref name=":24">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Hydrogeology of Kenya - MediaWiki|url=https://earthwise.bgs.ac.uk/index.php/Hydrogeology_of_Kenya|accessdate=2023-01-26|work=earthwise.bgs.ac.uk|language=en-GB}}</ref> Uvunaji wa maji ya ardhini una nafasi kubwa ya kuimarisha upatikanaji wa maji nchini Kenya, ingawa matumizi yake yanakwamishwa na ubora duni, uchimbaji uliokithiri, kuingiliwa na maji ya chumvi katika kanda ya pwani, na upungufu wa takwimu kuhusu upatikanaji wa rasilimali hiyo. Uendelevu wa miundombinu ya maji ya ardhini, hasa vijijini, ni changamoto nyingine; mara nyingi jukumu la kukarabati pampu za mkono zilizoharibika huachwa mikononi mwa jamii husika. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Foster |first=Tim |last2=Hope |first2=Rob |date=2016-10-01 |title=A multi-decadal and social-ecological systems analysis of community waterpoint payment behaviours in rural Kenya |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f73e5ad6-23a5-4457-be0a-fbf7a2249b8b/files/m2dee4103c3f1a4a59156b8962e7c5b3c |journal=Journal of Rural Studies |language=en |volume=47 |pages=85–96 |doi=10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.07.026 |issn=0743-0167 |s2cid=156255059}}</ref> Hivi sasa, [[Kenya]] ni miongoni mwa mataifa yanayofanya majaribio ya mfumo wa matengenezo ya kitaalamu kama njia mbadala ya kuhakikisha mifumo ya usambazaji maji inadumu kwa muda mrefu. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Thomson |first2=Patrick |last3=Goodall |first3=Susanna |last4=Katuva |first4=Jacob |last5=Hope |first5=Rob |date=2021-04-01 |title=Institutional pluralism and water user behavior in rural Africa |journal=World Development |language=en |volume=140 |doi=10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105231 |issn=0305-750X |s2cid=233566959 |doi-access=free |article-number=105231}}</ref> Kwa sababu ya uhaba wa vyanzo vya maji ya juu katika maeneo kame, maji ya ardhini ndiyo tegemeo kuu kwa mahitaji ya maji katika sehemu kubwa ya nchi. Tabaka muhimu za miamba ya maji (aquifers) zinapatikana katika maeneo yenye asili ya volkeno na mchanga wa kwnatanari (quaternary sediments), pamoja na maeneo ya mashapo yenye miamba ya metamofiki kaskazini na pwani ya Kenya. Takriban mita za ujazo milioni 57.21 za maji ya ardhini zilivunwa nchini Kenya mnamo mwaka wa 2012. <ref name=":2">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> == Ufikiaji == [[Faili:Children_and_open_sewer_in_Kibera.jpg|thumb|300x300px|[[Kibera (Nairobi)|Kibera]], Nairobi, mfano wa ukosefu wa huduma za msingi za usafi.]] === Ugavi wa maji === Takwimu za Mpango wa Pamoja wa Ufuatiliaji (JMP) zinaashiria kuwa asilimia 58 ya Wakenya walikuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za maji ya kunywa mnamo mwaka wa 2015, ambapo mijini ilikuwa ni 83% na vijijini 50%. Inaripotiwa kuwa asilimia 22 ya idadi ya watu (45% mijini na 14% vijijini) wana ufikiaji wa maji ya bomba majumbani au ndani ya viwanja vyao. Kulingana na JMP, kiwango cha upatikanaji wa vyanzo vilivyoboreshwa maeneo ya mijini kilishuka kutoka 92% mwaka wa 1990 hadi 82% mnamo 2015. Kinyume na hali hiyo, maeneo ya vijijini yalishuhudia ongezeko la ufikiaji kutoka 33% hadi 57% katika kipindi hicho cha muda. <ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|title=WASHwatch.org – Kenya|work=washwatch.org|language=en|accessdate=2017-03-20|archive-date=2017-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170501012148/http://www.washwatch.org/en/countries/kenya/summary/statistics/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, idadi ya jumla ya Wakenya ambao hawakuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za maji safi ilifikia watu milioni 19. <ref name=":0"/> Ripoti ya WASREB ya mwaka 2016-17 inaashiria kuwa asilimia 55 ya idadi ya watu nchini walikuwa na uwezo wa "kupata huduma za maji." <ref name="Impact 2015">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2016 – 2017|url=https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/|accessdate=23 August 2018|archivedate=28 November 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128203220/https://wasreb.go.ke/impact-report-issue-no-10/}}</ref> Hapo awali, kwa kutumia kigezo cha "upatikanaji wa maji uliopimwa" (weighted access), Ripoti ya Utendaji ya 2009 ilikadiria kuwa mnamo 2006–2007 ni asilimia 37 tu ya Wakenya waliokuwa wakipata maji safi na ya kutosha ya kunywa karibu na makazi yao kwa gharama himilivu. Tofauti kubwa za kimaeneo katika ufikiaji wa huduma hizi ziliripotiwa: kiwango cha juu zaidi kilishuhudiwa katika eneo la Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Tetu Aberdare (72%), huku kiwango cha chini kabisa kikirekodiwa kule Muthambi, [[Wilaya ya Meru Kusini]] (4%). Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], kiwango cha upatikanaji kwa kipindi hicho kiliripotiwa kuwa 35%, takwimu ambayo ni tofauti na ile ya 46% iliyoripotiwa awali kwa mwaka 2005-2006, ambayo ilichukuliwa kuwa isiyoakisi hali halisi. ==== Vyanzo vya maji ==== [[Faili:Daily_water_sources_chosen_by_households_in_rural_Kenya.jpg|thumb|Uongo wa chanzo kimoja cha maji ya kunywa kijijini: Badala yake, kuna vyanzo kadhaa vya maji ambavyo kaya katika maeneo ya vijijini Kenya huchagua. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Hope |first=Rob |last2=Thomson |first2=Patrick |last3=Koehler |first3=Johanna |last4=Foster |first4=Tim |date=2020-01-06 |title=Rethinking the economics of rural water in Africa |url=https://academic.oup.com/oxrep/article/36/1/171/5696680 |journal=Oxford Review of Economic Policy |language=en |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=171–190 |doi=10.1093/oxrep/grz036 |hdl=10453/142771 |issn=0266-903X |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref>]] Jamii maskini, hususan akina mama na wasichana, hupoteza muda mwingi wakitafuta maji katika maeneo ya vijijini na mijini. Kwa mfano, utafiti wa Kadi ya Ripoti ya Wananchi wa mwaka 2007 ulibainisha kuwa wateja wa vibanda vya maji mijini huchota maji mara nne hadi sita kila siku. Katika jiji la [[Kisumu]], hali hii ilisababisha kaya zenye kipato cha chini kutumia dakika 112 kwa siku kutafuta maji wakati wa hali ya kawaida, na kufikia hadi dakika 200 kila siku nyakati za uhaba mkubwa Shajara za maji zimekuwa zikitumika kuwekwa kumbukumbu za vyanzo, matumizi, na gharama za maji katika ngazi ya familia vijijini nchini Kenya. <ref name=":5">{{Rejea jarida |last=Hoque |first=Sonia Ferdous |last2=Hope |first2=Robert |date=2018 |title=The water diary method – proof-of-concept and policy implications for monitoring water use behaviour in rural Kenya |url=https://iwaponline.com/wp/article/20/4/725/39060/The-water-diary-method-proofofconcept-and-policy |journal=Water Policy |language=en |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=725–743 |doi=10.2166/wp.2018.179 |issn=1366-7017 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wakazi wa maeneo ya vijijini hutumia vyanzo mbalimbali vya maji, ambapo baadhi hugharamiwa na vingine hupatikana bila malipo yoyote. Vyanzo hivyo ni pamoja na uvunaji wa maji ya mvua (kupitia miamba au mapaa), visima vya kuchimbwa kwa mkono au pampu za mkono—ambavyo vinaweza kuwa milki ya familia, watu binafsi, au vya kijiji. Machaguo mengine ni pamoja na vibanda vya maji, au wachuuzi wanaotumia punda, mikokoteni, na magari. Aidha, kuna vyanzo kama vile mashimo ya mchangani kwenye mito iliyokauka, mabwawa madogo (earth pans), mito, mifereji, pamoja na maji ya bomba yaliyounganishwa ndani ya nyumba au uwanjani. Kaya hizi hutumia maji hayo kwa ajili ya kunywa, kupika, kufanya usafi, kuoga, kunywesha mifugo, au kwa umwagiliaji mdogo. <ref name=":5" /> Shule za vijijini nchini Kenya mara nyingi hutegemea vyanzo vya maji viwili au vitatu tofauti, ambavyo vinaweza kuainishwa kama vyanzo vya ndani ya shule (kama vile maji ya bomba au uvunaji wa maji ya mvua) au vyanzo vya nje ya shule (vya "msingi", "visivyoboreshwa", au maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi). {{Rp|25}}Takriban asilimia 80 ya shule zote nchini Kenya (sawa na shule nne kati ya tano) zimewekewa mifumo ya kuvuna maji ya mvua. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|23}}Pamoja na hayo, wakati wa kiangazi kati ya mwezi Juni na Oktoba, shule nyingi hulazimika kununua maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi ili kukidhi mahitaji yao. <ref name=":3" />{{rp|33}} === Usafi wa mazingira === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, ilikadiriwa kuwa jumla ya Wakenya milioni 32 walikuwa bado hawajapata huduma za kimsingi za usafi wa mazingira. <ref name=":0"/> Makadirio ya kitaifa ya mwaka 2015 kutoka kwa JMP yanaashiria kuwa asilimia 30 ya Wakenya (43% mijini na 28% vijijini) walikuwa na uwezo wa kupata huduma za kimsingi za usafi wa mazingira, ikiwemo mifumo ya maji taka. Katika maeneo ya mijini, asilimia 27 nyingine ya wakazi walitegemea vyoo vya kuchangia, huku takriban 12% ya watu waishio vijijini wakikadiriwa kuendelea na tabia ya kujisaidia nje. Ripoti ya mwaka 2015 ya Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB) haikutoa takwimu za jumla kuhusu usafi wa mazingira, badala yake iliangazia tu ufikiaji wa huduma za maji taka mijini ambao ulikadiriwa kufikia asilimia 16. <ref name="Impact 2015"/> Mnamo mwaka wa 2006–2007, iliripotiwa kuwa nusu ya Wakenya walioishi ndani ya maeneo yanayohudumiwa na makampuni 55 ya WSP walikuwa na ufikiaji wa miundombinu ya usafi iliyoboreshwa. Ufafanuzi huu unajumuisha vyoo vya kusuuza, mifumo iliyounganishwa na mabomba au matangi ya maji taka, vyoo vya shimo vilivyoboreshwa (VIP), na vyoo vya kawaida vya shimo. Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], kiwango cha huduma hizi kilikadiriwa kuwa asilimia 23 pekee katika kipindi hicho cha 2006–2007. Hata hivyo, Utafiti wa Bajeti Jumuishi ya Kaya nchini wa mwaka 2006 ulitoa takwimu ya juu zaidi ya asilimia 84, ikijumuisha matumizi ya vyoo vya kuchangia pamoja na mashimo mafupi. == Ubora wa huduma == Mamlaka ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB) husimamia kwa karibu ubora wa huduma zinazotolewa na kampuni za WSP, kwa shabaha ya kuchochea ushindani wa kiutendaji na uboreshaji wa huduma. Miongoni mwa vigezo vikuu vinavyotumika kupima ubora huo ni pamoja na usafi wa maji, upatikanaji wa maji bila kukatika, na ufanisi katika usafishaji wa maji taka. === Ubora wa maji === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, WASREB iliripoti kuwa makampuni 23 ya maji yalitoa maji ya ubora wa juu (yanayozingatia viwango kwa zaidi ya 95%), huku makampuni 15 yakiwa na ubora unaoridhisha, na mengine 53 yakitajwa kuwa na ubora usiozingatia vigezo (chini ya 90%). Vipimo vilivyotumika viliangazia kiasi cha klorini (uzito wa 40%) na vigezo vya kibakteria (uzito wa 60%). Ikiwa idadi ya sampuli zilizokusanywa ilikuwa pungufu ya kiwango kilichowekwa, alama za ufuataji wa viwango zilipunguzwa. Miji ya [[Kericho]] na [[Kisumu]] iliongoza kwa kufikia asilimia 100 ya ufuataji wa viwango hivyo. Aidha, ripoti ya raia ya mwaka 2007 katika miji ya [[Nairobi]], [[Mombasa]], na [[Kisumu]] ilibainisha mtazamo wa wateja: takriban asilimia 70 ya kaya zilizounganishwa na mfumo mkuu wa maji ziliridhika na ladha, harufu, pamoja na weupe wa maji hayo. Pamoja na hayo, wakazi wengi bado hutibu maji kabla ya kuyatumia, hali inayodhihirisha hofu na kutokuwa na imani kamili na ubora wa maji yanayosambazwa. Katika maeneo yanayotegemea maji ya ardhini kwa matumizi ya nyumbani, kuna haja ya kutilia mkazo vigezo vya kikemia vya ubora wa maji hayo. Hali ya kikemia ya maji ya ardhini ni suala tete katika usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji nchini Kenya kutokana na athari za kijiolojia (geogenic hazards), kuingiliwa na maji ya chumvi, pamoja na shinikizo kutoka kwa maji taka na shughuli za kilimo, viwanda, na ukuaji wa miji. <ref name=":22">{{Rejea jarida |last=Nowicki |first=Saskia |last2=Birhanu |first2=Behailu |last3=Tanui |first3=Florence |last4=Sule |first4=May N. |last5=Charles |first5=Katrina |last6=Olago |first6=Daniel |last7=Kebede |first7=Seifu |date=2023 |title=Water chemistry poses health risks as reliance on groundwater increases: A systematic review of hydrogeochemistry research from Ethiopia and Kenya |journal=Science of the Total Environment |language=en |volume=904 |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166929 |pmid=37689199 |doi-access=free |article-number=166929}}</ref> Hatari za kiafya zinazotokana na muundo wa kikemia wa maji ya ardhini zimesambaa kote nchini. Kwa mfano, huko kusini-mashariki mwa Kenya, kuna ripoti za kutelekezwa kwa visima vya pampu kutokana na viwango vikubwa vya chumvi na madini ya chuma. Watumiaji wa maji katika kanda hiyo huhusisha ladha ya chumvi ya maji ya ardhini na matatizo ya meno (dental fluorosis) pamoja na maradhi ya mfumo wa mmeng'enyo wa chakula. <ref name=":22" /> Uchafuzi wa kemikali umeenea sana katika maji ya ardhini yanayotumiwa kwa kunywa, ingawa vyanzo hivi havifanyiwi upimaji wa mara kwa mara. Vigezo muhimu vya kipaumbele vinajumuisha floridi, arseniki, nitrati, au viwango vya juu vya chumvi.<ref name=":22"/> Kwa ujumla, kuna upungufu wa takwimu za kutosha kusaidia uelewa mpana wa usambazaji wa hatari hizi nchini. <ref name=":22" /> Data iliyopo inaonekana kuemea upande mmoja kwa kuwa tafiti nyingi hulenga maeneo yanayofahamika kuwa na uchafuzi mkubwa pekee. Aidha, nchini Kenya kuna idadi ndogo sana ya maabara zenye uwezo na vifaa vya kufanya uchambuzi huu wa kina wa kikemikali. <ref name=":22" /> [[Faili:Kenya_Kisumu_Harbour_Hyacinths_1997ke09b21.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Katika Kisumu, ambayo hupokea maji yake kutoka Ziwa Victoria lililo karibu, zaidi ya 40% ya raia wanaripoti uhaba wa maji ya kunywa.]] === Muendelezo wa usambazaji === Ripoti ya Utendaji (Impact Report) ya mwaka 2015 inaonyesha kuongezeka kwa wastani wa usambazaji wa maji hadi saa 18 kwa siku, ikilinganishwa na saa 14 mnamo 2006–07. Ni kampuni tisa pekee za WSP, ambazo nyingi ni ndogo, zinazoweza kutoa huduma ya maji mfululizo kwa saa 24 kila siku. Katika jiji la [[Nairobi]], wakazi hupata maji kwa wastani wa saa 18 kwa siku, wakati kule [[Mombasa]] huduma hiyo inapatikana kwa saa 6 pekee. Pamoja na hayo, visa vya uhaba wa maji—ambavyo hufafanuliwa kama kukaa zaidi ya siku tano bila maji au kupata kiasi kisichotosheleza—bado ni changamoto nchini [[Kenya]]. Mnamo 2006, zaidi ya asilimia 40 ya kaya jijini [[Kisumu]] (maskini na zisizo maskini) zilizounganishwa na mfumo mkuu ziliripoti kukumbwa na uhaba. Tofauti kubwa zaidi ya upatikanaji wa maji kati ya wenye kipato cha juu na cha chini ilionekana [[Nairobi]], ambapo uwezekano wa kaya maskini kukosa maji ulikuwa mara mbili zaidi ya kaya tajiri. Vilevile, idadi kubwa ya wateja wanaotumia vibanda vya maji (kiosks) waliripoti uhaba kuliko wale wenye miunganisho ya nyumbani, hali inayodokeza kuwa wakati wa uhaba, vibanda hivi hupewa kipaumbele kidogo katika usambazaji. === Matibabu ya maji machafu === Kulingana na ripoti ya tathmini ya mwaka 2009, nchini Kenya kuna mifumo 43 ya maji taka pamoja na mitambo ya kusafisha maji machafu katika miji 15, inayohudumia jumla ya wakazi 900,000. Inakadiriwa kuwa ufanisi wa utendaji wa mitambo hii ni asilimia 16 tu ya uwezo wake uliokusudiwa. Sababu kuu zinazopelekea hali hii ni usimamizi na matengenezo yasiyotosheleza, pamoja na idadi ndogo ya majengo yaliyounganishwa na mfumo wa maji taka. Nchini Kenya, kiwango cha uunganishaji wa huduma hii kinakadiriwa kuwa asilimia 19, ingawa ripoti nyingine zinaashiria kuwa kiwango hicho kinaweza kuwa chini hadi asilimia 12. Ni takriban asilimia 60 tu ya maji machafu yanayoingia kwenye mtandao wa maji taka nchini hufika kwenye mitambo ya kusafisha. Mbinu kuu inayotumika nchini Kenya kwa ajili ya kusafisha maji hayo ni matumizi ya mabwawa ya kutuliza maji taka. Mfano mkuu ni Mfumo wa Mabwawa ya Dandora ulioko Nairobi, ambao hushughulikia maji taka kutoka viwandani na majumbani, na ndio mfumo mkubwa zaidi wa aina hiyo barani Afrika. Pamoja na hayo, kitendo cha kuchanganya maji taka ya viwandani na yale ya majumbani katika mfumo mmoja mchanganyiko mara nyingi husababisha kudorora kwa ufanisi wa mifumo ya kusafisha maji katika mabwawa mengi nchini. Aidha, Kadi ya Ripoti ya Mwananchi (Citizen Report Card) inabainisha kuwa matangi ya maji taka hutumika mara kwa mara kwa ajili ya uondoshaji wa maji machafu kutoka kwenye vyoo vya kusafisha kwa maji mjini [[Mombasa]]. Watumiaji wa vyoo vya mashimo katika miji ya Aidha, Kadi ya Ripoti ya Mwananchi inabainisha kuwa matangi ya maji taka (septic tanks) hutumika mara kwa mara kwa ajili ya uondoshaji wa maji machafu kutoka kwenye vyoo vya kusafisha kwa maji mjini [[Mombasa]]. Watumiaji wa vyoo vya mashimo katika miji ya [[Nairobi]], [[Kisumu]], na Mombasa walieleza kuwa baadhi ya maji machafu hupitishwa kwenye mifereji ya maji ya mvua, mifumo ya kunyonya maji ardhini, na mashimo ya maji taka yaliyokusudiwa kwa taka za jikoni, hali inayopelekea uchafuzi wa mazingira., Kisumu, na Mombasa walieleza kuwa baadhi ya maji machafu hupitishwa kwenye mifereji ya maji ya mvua, mifumo ya kunyonya maji ardhini, na mashimo ya maji taka yaliyokusudiwa kwa taka za jikoni, hali inayopelekea uchafuzi wa mazingira. Mnamo mwaka wa 2001, kisa kibaya cha uchafuzi kilitokea katika mji wa [[Embu]]; maji taka ghafi yalitiririshwa kutoka kwenye mitambo ya kusafishia maji taka hadi mtoni, jambo lililosababisha vifo vya watu 28 waliotumia maji hayo kwa mahitaji ya nyumbani katika maeneo ya mkondo wa chini. == Historia na maendeleo ya hivi karibuni == Historia ya sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya imekumbwa na changamoto za mtawanyiko wa taasisi uliosababisha utendaji duni, jambo ambalo lilipelekea kufanyika kwa mfululizo wa mageuzi ya kimfumo. === Mwanzo === Historia ya mifumo ya maji ya bomba nchini Kenya ilianza wakati wa utawala wa Himaya ya Afrika Mashariki. Katika kipindi hicho, usambazaji wa maji ulilenga zaidi mahitaji ya makazi ya wakoloni. Usimamizi wa huduma hizi ulitekelezwa na Kitengo cha Hidroliki katika Idara ya Kazi za Umma, kilichoanzishwa kwanza mjini [[Mombasa]]. Aidha, ujenzi wa [[Reli ya Kenya-Uganda|Reli ya Uganda]] mnamo mwaka wa 1896 ulikuwa kichocheo kikuu cha upanuzi wa mabomba ya maji kuelekea maeneo ya ndani ya nchi kupitia njia ya reli. === Kipindi cha ukoloni === Kati ya mwaka wa 1920 na wakati wa kupata uhuru mnamo 1963, jitihada za awali za kudhibiti usambazaji wa maji zilifanyika katika Koloni na nchi ya ulinzi ya Kenya, huku majukumu yakigawanywa miongoni mwa taasisi mbalimbali. Katika miaka ya 1950 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1960, usimamizi wa sekta ya maji ulitenganishwa kati ya mamlaka tatu kuu: Wizara ya Ujenzi iliyohusika na mifumo ya maji katika vituo vya mijini; Mamlaka za Serikali za Mitaa zilizoidhinishwa kuwa na uwezo wa kusimamia huduma hiyo; na Idara ya Maendeleo ya Maji, iliyokuwa na jukumu la kuanzisha miradi mipya ya usambazaji wa maji mijini na vijijini. Usambazaji wa maji ghafi (bulk water) kwenda [[Mombasa]] ulifanywa na shirika la Mombasa Pipeline Board, huku uendeshaji wa kila siku wa miundombinu hiyo ukitekelezwa na idara ya maji. Kipindi hicho hakukuwa na mfumo mmoja jumuishi wa utawala na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji. Mnamo 1952, Sheria ya Maji (Water Act Cap 372) ilitungwa, ambayo iliendelea kuwa msingi mkuu wa kisheria katika sekta ya maji hadi mwaka wa 2002. [[Faili:Ke-map.png|thumb|349x349px|Ramani ya Kenya.]] Katika sekta ndogo ya usafi wa mazingira, hakukuwa na mfumo thabiti wa kitaasisi uliokuwa ukifanya kazi. Kisheria, Amri ya Afya ya Umma ya mwaka 1921 iliipa Wizara ya Afya mamlaka ya kusimamia masuala ya usafi, ingawa utekelezaji wake ulikuwa adimu sana. Aidha, jamii za wenyeji zilionyesha kusita kukubali taratibu za usafi zilizokuwa zimeidhinishwa na serikali ya kikoloni. Hata hivyo, kati ya mwaka 1929 na 1939, kulifanyika kampeni kabambe za elimu ya afya ya umma ambazo zilichangia pakubwa katika kuenea kwa matumizi ya vyoo vya shimo nchini. Kufikia mwaka wa 1954, mifumo tofauti ya usafi wa mazingira ilikuwa ikitumika kulingana na maeneo mbalimbali nchini Kenya: vyoo vya shimo vilikuwa vimesambaa katika maeneo mengi ya vijijini (native reserves), huku vyoo vya ndoo vikitawala mijini, na mifumo ya kisasa ya maji ikitumiwa pekee katika makazi ya Wazungu kwenye miji mikuu. Wakati wa [[Mau Mau|usasi wa Mau Mau]], Waafrika wengi walizuiliwa katika kambi za kizuizini huku masoko ya ndani yakifungwa kwa hofu ya machafuko. Hali hii ilisababisha kudorora kwa huduma za usafi na kupelekea kuongezeka kwa matumizi ya vyoo vya jumuiya vilivyokosa usimamizi mzuri. === Kenya Huru (1963-1980) === Kenya ilipopata uhuru mnamo 1963, jitihada za kurahisisha usimamizi wa sekta ya maji zilipelekea kuunganishwa kwa mashirika yote yaliyohusika na maji chini ya Wizara ya Kilimo mnamo 1964. Hata hivyo, mtawanyiko wa majukumu na mamlaka haukuwa bayana, hali iliyosababisha mkwamo wa utendaji na ukosefu wa ufanisi. Mnamo 1965, serikali ya Rais [[Jomo Kenyatta]], kupitia Karatasi ya Kikao Nambari 10 kuhusu Ujamaa wa Kiafrika na Matumizi yake katika Mipango nchini [[Kenya]], ilisisitiza kuwa sera za taifa sharti zilengwe katika kutokomeza umaskini, ujinga, na maradhi. Hatua hiyo ilianzisha kipindi cha serikali kushiriki kikamilifu katika uundaji wa sera za maji, ikiongozwa na dhana kuwa maji ni huduma muhimu ya kijamii inayopaswa kutolewa bila malipo au kwa ruzuku. Athari yake ni kwamba, kati ya mwaka wa 1970 na 1981, ushuru wa maji ulipunguzwa bei kwa kiasi kikubwa kupitia ruzuku, jambo ambalo lilienda kinyume na kanuni ya kurejesha gharama za uendeshaji. Katika kipindi chote cha miaka ya 1960, Programu ya Usafi wa Mazingira iliyofadhiliwa na [[Shirika la Afya Duniani|WHO]] na [[UNICEF]] ilitekelezwa nchini Kenya kwa shabaha ya kuimarisha upatikanaji wa maji kwa jamii ndogo za vijijini, kuboresha mbinu za udhibiti wa taka, na kutoa elimu ya usafi wa mazingira kwa wakazi wa vijijini. Miradi ya usambazaji wa maji vijijini iliyobuniwa chini ya programu hiyo ilisimamiwa na Halmashauri za Wilaya (County Councils) zilizokuwa chini ya Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa. Ripoti ya UNICEF ya mwaka 1972 inaonyesha kuwa takriban miradi 560 ya aina hiyo ilikuwa ikifanya kazi nchini Kenya, ikihudumia jumla ya wakazi 664,000. Wakati huo huo, jamii za wenyeji zilianza kuunda mifumo yao ya maji na kuanzisha kamati maalum za usimamizi ambazo zilipata mafunzo ya kiufundi kuhusu usanifu wa mifumo, makadirio ya gharama, na kanuni za hidroliki (hydraulic calculations). Hata hivyo, utafiti wa ufuatiliaji uliofanywa na UNICEF mnamo 1974 ulibainisha changamoto nyingi zilizokuwa zikikwaza uendelevu wa miradi hiyo. Mnamo mwaka wa 1970, Serikali ya Kenya iliingia makubaliano ya mkopo na nchi ya Uswidi kwa ajili ya kufadhili miradi ya Maendeleo ya Usambazaji wa Maji Vijijini. Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) lilipewa jukumu la kufanya utafiti kuhusu hali ya maji nchini, na ripoti hiyo iliyokamilika mwaka wa 1973 ilibainisha uhaba mkubwa wa wataalamu wa kiufundi na maafisa wakuu wa kusimamia sekta hiyo. Ingawa wafadhili walichangia sehemu kubwa ya fedha za maendeleo, mapato ya ndani hayakutosheleza gharama za uendeshaji, huku serikali ikikosa mkakati wa muda mrefu wa uimarishaji wa huduma za maji. Ili kukabiliana na changamoto hizo, '''Wizara kamili ya Usimamizi na Maendeleo ya Rasilimali za Maji''' iliundwa mnamo 1974, ikichukua udhibiti wa miradi yote ya maji iliyokuwa chini ya serikali na mabaraza ya wilaya. Katika mwaka huo huo, Mpango Mkuu wa Kitaifa wa Maji (National Water Master Plan) ulizinduliwa ukiwa na lengo la kubuni mifumo mipya ya usambazaji na kuhakikisha kila Mkenya anapata maji safi katika umbali stahiki, chini ya kauli mbiu maarufu ya "Maji kwa wote ifikapo mwaka 2000". === Kipindi cha mpito (1980–1992) === Mnamo miaka ya 1980, Serikali ilianza kukumbwa na upungufu wa kibajeti uliokwamisha utekelezaji wa miradi kabambe ya kutoa huduma ya maji safi kwa wote na upanuzi wa miundombinu ya maji taka. Kutokana na hali hiyo, kipaumbele kilihamishiwa katika ukarabati wa miradi ya zamani na ujenzi wa miradi mikubwa ya kimkakati kama vile mifumo ya maji ya Baricho na [[Kilimanjaro (Moshi Mjini)|Kilimanjaro]]. Katika kipindi hicho, mnamo mwaka wa 1980, Baraza la Kitaifa la Usafi wa Mazingira liliundwa kwa lengo la kuelimisha jamii kuhusu manufaa ya kiafya ya usafi, pamoja na kuziongoza mamlaka za mitaa katika masuala hayo. Hata hivyo, baraza hilo lilidhoofika polepole na hatimaye kusitisha shughuli zake bila kutimiza majukumu yake makuu. Mnamo mwaka wa 1983, Utafiti wa Matumizi ya Maji uliofanywa na shirika la SIDA ulithibitisha kuwa hali ya wakati huo haikuwa endelevu, na hivyo kupendekeza ugatuzi wa mamlaka pamoja na kuiondolea Wizara majukumu ya uendeshaji na matengenezo. Katika jitihada za kuimarisha utendaji, ufanisi, na kupunguza mzigo wa kifedha katika sekta hiyo, Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba (NWCPC) lilianzishwa mnamo Juni 1988. Jukumu kuu la shirika hilo lilikuwa ni kusimamia mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji iliyokuwa chini ya udhibiti wa serikali kwa kuzingatia misingi ya kibiashara. === Biashara ya huduma za ndani === Hata hivyo, mfumo wa usimamizi wa serikali kuu ulishindwa kuleta maboresho yaliyotarajiwa, hali iliyopelekea kuibuka kwa wazo la kuunda kampuni za kibiashara zinazomilikiwa na serikali za mitaa. Mnamo 1992, Mpango Mkuu wa Pili wa Kitaifa wa Maji uliandaliwa, huku sera mpya inayosisitiza ugatuzi wa mamlaka na mfumo unaozingatia mahitaji ya walaji ikijadiliwa kitaifa. Jiji la [[Eldoret]] lilichukua hatua mnamo 1994 kwa kuanzisha idara huru ya maji na mifumo ya maji taka iliyokuwa na usimamizi wa kifedha uliotengwa na bajeti ya manispaa. Bodi ya kampuni hiyo ilijumuisha wawakilishi kutoka mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali, makundi ya wanawake, chemba ya biashara na viwanda, pamoja na Shirika la Watumiaji la Kenya. Jitihada hizi za kibiashara katika miji ya Eldoret, Nyeri, na Kericho zilifadhiliwa na shirika la ushirikiano wa maendeleo la Ujerumani (GIZ). Mbinu hii ilirasimishwa na Wizara ya Serikali za Mitaa kupitia Sheria ya Makampuni (Sura ya 486 ya mwaka 1996), ambayo ilitoa mwanya wa kuanzishwa kwa makampuni ya maji na usafi wa mazingira yanayomilikiwa na umma lakini yanayoendeshwa kwa misingi ya kibiashara. <ref name="Nyangacha" /> Kufikia mwaka wa 2002, mfumo huu ulikuwa umeleta mafanikio makubwa katika miji ya [[Nyeri]] na [[Eldoret]], ikiwa ni pamoja na kupungua kwa upotevu wa maji, kuimarika kwa ukusanyaji wa maduhuli, na kupungua kwa malalamiko kutoka kwa wateja. Pamoja na hayo, makampuni ya maji katika miji ya [[Kitale]] na [[Nakuru]] yalilazimika kurudishwa chini ya usimamizi wa serikali kuu kutokana na changamoto za kifedha. Mnamo mwaka wa 1999, Sera ya kwanza ya Kitaifa ya Usimamizi na Maendeleo ya Rasilimali za Maji ilizinduliwa. Sera hiyo iliweka mwelekeo wa serikali kukabidhi usimamizi wa mifumo ya maji mijini kwa idara huru ndani ya mamlaka za mitaa, huku usambazaji wa maji vijijini ukiwekwa chini ya mamlaka ya jamii husika. Kifungu kingine muhimu katika hati hiyo kilikuwa ni kuunganisha huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira chini ya kampuni moja ya huduma (utility). Sambamba na uandaji wa Sera hiyo ya Kitaifa, Serikali iliunda Kikosi Kazi cha Kitaifa kwa ajili ya kupitia upya Sheria ya Maji (Sura ya 372) na kuandaa marekebisho yaliyokusudiwa kuleta mabadiliko makubwa na ya kina katika sekta nzima. === Upangaji upya wa taasisi za maji (2002–2011) === Mfumo wa sasa wa kisheria wa sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya unazingatia Sheria ya Maji Nambari 8 ya mwaka 2002, ambayo ilianza kutumika rasmi mnamo Machi 2003. Sheria hii ya mwaka 2002 ilianzisha mageuzi ya kina yaliyojikita katika misingi ifuatayo: * Kutenganishwa kwa usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji na utoaji wa huduma za maji; * Kutenganishwa kwa utungaji wa sera na utekelezaji wa kila siku pamoja na udhibiti; * Ugatuzi wa majukumu kuelekea vyombo vya serikali katika ngazi za chini; * Ushirikishaji wa sekta binafsi na mashirika yasiyo ya kiserikali katika usimamizi na utoaji wa huduma; Utekelezaji wa misingi hii uliibua mabadiliko makubwa ya kimuundo katika sekta ya maji na kupelekea kuundwa kwa taasisi mpya. Sekretarieti ya Mageuzi ya Sekta ya Maji (WSRS) iliundwa kama kitengo cha mpito ndani ya Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji ili kusimamia mchakato wa kuanzisha taasisi hizo mpya. Mnamo mwaka wa 2004, Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji (WSTF) ulianzishwa kwa lengo la kutoa ruzuku ya kifedha kwa ajili ya uwekezaji wa miundombinu katika maeneo yaliyotelekezwa na yenye huduma duni, ambayo mara nyingi hukaliwa na jamii zenye kipato cha chini. Aidha, Mpango wa Uhamisho (Transfer Plan) ulibuniwa mwaka 2005 kupitia Ilani ya Kisheria Nambari 101, ukiwa na jukumu la kuratibu ukabidhi wa wafanyakazi na rasilimali kutoka serikali kuu kwenda kwa Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) na Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) zilizokuwa zimeundwa kisheria. Ili kuongoza utekelezaji wa Sheria ya Maji, Rasimu ya Mkakati wa Kitaifa wa Huduma za Maji (NWSS) ya kipindi cha 2007–2015 iliandaliwa mnamo Juni 2007. Dhamira yake kuu ni "kutimiza malengo ya Milenia (MDGs) na Dira ya 2030 ya Serikali ya Kenya kuhusu upatikanaji wa maji salama, ya bei nafuu, na usafi wa msingi kupitia taasisi dhabiti ndani ya mfumo wa viwango na kanuni madhubuti". NWSS imejikita katika kutambua upatikanaji endelevu wa maji salama na usafi wa msingi kama haki ya binadamu na pia kama rasilimali yenye thamani ya kiuchumi. Miongoni mwa ahadi za msingi ni pamoja na: urejeshaji wa gharama za uendeshaji kwa watoa huduma ili kuhakikisha uendelevu wa huduma za maji na usafi kwa wote, pamoja na urasimishaji wa mifumo ya utoaji huduma. <ref name="track"/> <ref name="MWI – SP">Ministry of Water and Irrigation: [http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/RTWP%20-%20NWSS%20June%2007%20draft.pdf The National Water Services Strategy (NWSS)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cohre.org/store/attachments/RTWP%20-%20NWSS%20June%2007%20draft.pdf |date=20071020174720 }} Retrieved 3 March 2010</ref> Aidha, Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji (MWI) ilifafanua mipango ya utekelezaji inayolenga kusaidia jamii zenye kipato cha chini. Mnamo mwaka wa 2010, Kenya iliidhinisha Katiba mpya ambayo inatambua na kulinda haki za kimsingi za binadamu kuhusu maji na usafi wa mazingira chini ya Kifungu cha 43(1). Kwa namna ya pekee, kifungu hicho kinabainisha kuwa kila mtu ana haki ya "kupata makazi bora na ya kutosha, pamoja na viwango stahiki vya usafi wa mazingira", sanjari na haki ya "kupata maji safi na salama kwa kiasi kinachokidhi mahitaji". === Muswada wa Maji wa 2015 na Sheria ya Maji ya Kitaifa ya 2016 === Mnamo mwaka wa 2015, Muswada mpya wa Maji ulipitishwa ukiwa na lengo la kuzifanyia mabadiliko Bodi nane za Huduma za Maji (zilizokuwa kampuni za kumiliki rasilimali) na kuwa Bodi 47 za Maendeleo ya Miundombinu ya Maji katika kila kaunti nchini Kenya. Hatua hii inaendana na mfumo wa ugatuzi uliowekwa na Katiba ya Kenya ya mwaka 2010. Aidha, Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba lilibadilishwa kuwa Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Uhifadhi wa Maji, huku Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji ikigeuzwa kuwa Tume ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji, na Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji kuwa Mamlaka ya Dhamana ya Sekta ya Maji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Ochieng|first=Wesonga|title=Kenya: Water Bill 2012 Set to Transform Water Sector|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201209250084.html|publisher=allAfrica.com|accessdate=27 December 2012|date=24 September 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Draft Water Bill 2012|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/257994-1335471959878/draft-water-bill-2012.pdf|accessdate=27 December 2012}}</ref> Muswada huu unachukuliwa kama toleo lililoboreshwa la Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002, badala ya kuwa mageuzi mapya ya kimsingi katika sekta hiyo. Muswada huo, ambao ulikuwa chini ya majadiliano tangu mwaka 2012, hatimaye ulipitishwa na Bunge kama Muswada wa Maji wa mwaka 2014 (Muswada Nambari 7 wa 2014) mnamo tarehe 7 Julai 2015. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Water Bill, 2014, Bill No. 7 of 2014|url=http://www.parliament.go.ke/the-senate/house-business/bills-from-national-assembly/item/download/1574_c32d3b3173e0e0c769a064a9afe39182|publisher=Republic of Kenya, Parliament|accessdate=10 October 2016|archivedate=11 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011055413/http://www.parliament.go.ke/the-senate/house-business/bills-from-national-assembly/item/download/1574_c32d3b3173e0e0c769a064a9afe39182}}</ref> Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2016 inafafanua vipengele kadhaa vya utoaji wa huduma pamoja na muundo wa taasisi mpya katika ngazi ya kaunti. Pamoja na hayo, mchakato wa utoaji wa bajeti katika ngazi za kaunti, hususan kwa ajili ya sekta ya maji vijijini na taasisi muhimu kama vile shule na zahanati, bado unakabiliwa na hali ya kutoeleweka vyema. <ref name=":4">{{Rejea jarida |last=Koehler |first=Johanna |last2=Nyaga |first2=Cliff |last3=Hope |first3=Rob |last4=Kiamba |first4=Pauline |last5=Gladstone |first5=Nancy |last6=Thomas |first6=Mike |last7=Mumma |first7=Albert |last8=Trevett |first8=Andrew |date=2022 |title=Water policy, politics, and practice: The case of Kitui County, Kenya |journal=Frontiers in Water |volume=4 |doi=10.3389/frwa.2022.1022730 |hdl=1871.1/f4db2fcc-1c4e-4a11-bb5e-24f22433693c |issn=2624-9375 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Sheria hii inatambua rasmi mchango wa wadau wa umma na wale wa sekta binafsi katika sekta ya maji, ikitengeneza mazingira ya kisheria yanayowezesha ustawi wa watoa huduma za matengenezo ya kitaalamu. <ref name=":4" /> == Wajibu wa usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira == === Uundaji wa sera na uratibu wa sekta === '''Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji''' ndiyo taasisi kuu yenye dhamana ya kusimamia sekta ya maji nchini Kenya. Wizara hii imegawanywa katika idara tano muhimu: Utawala na Huduma Saidizi; Huduma za Maji; Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji; Umwagiliaji, Mifereji na Uhifadhi wa Maji; pamoja na Idara ya Urejeshaji wa Ardhi. Masuala ya usambazaji wa maji yanasimamiwa na Idara ya Huduma za Maji, ambayo majukumu yake ni pamoja na uundaji wa sera na mikakati ya huduma za maji na mifumo ya maji taka, uratibu wa sekta, pamoja na ufuatiliaji wa taasisi nyinginezo za kutoa huduma za maji. Aidha, Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji inawajibika kwa uwekezaji wa jumla katika sekta hiyo, mipango ya kimaendeleo, na uhamasishaji wa rasilimali za kifedha. Sera ya usafi wa mazingira inasimamiwa na '''Wizara ya Afya ya Umma na Usafi wa Mazingira''' (MoPHS). Katika juhudi za kuoanisha mfumo wa kitaasisi wa sekta hiyo, wizara ya MWI na MoPHS zimebuni kwa pamoja Dhana ya Usambazaji wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira yenye shabaha na malengo yaliyoainishwa wazi. Kufikia mwanzoni mwa mwaka wa 2011, [[Charity Ngilu]], ambaye ni mwenyekiti wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Kenya kinachomuunga mkono Waziri Mkuu [[Raila Odinga]], alihudumu kama Waziri wa Maji na Umwagiliaji. Wakati huo huo, Beth Mugo wa Chama cha Umoja wa Kitaifa cha Rais [[Mwai Kibaki]], alikuwa Waziri wa Afya na Usafi wa Mazingira. Wizara nyingine pia zina mchango muhimu katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira. Wizara ya Elimu inashirikiana na MWI pamoja na MoPHS katika kuimarisha usafi wa mazingira shuleni kupitia ushiriki wao katika Kamati za Programu za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira. Aidha, Kitengo cha Uratibu wa Sekta ya Kilimo hushughulikia masuala yote yanayohusu kilimo, ikiwa ni pamoja na umwagiliaji ambao uko chini ya usimamizi wa MWI. Vilevile, MWI inashirikiana na Wizara za Misitu, Mazingira, na Programu Maalum kwa ajili ya kuendeleza ukarabati na uhifadhi wa vyanzo vikuu vya maji === Kanuni === '''Udhibiti wa Kiuchumi.''' Udhibiti na ufuatiliaji wa utoaji wa huduma za maji mijini na vijijini unatekelezwa na Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB). WASREB ni shirika la serikali lisilo la kibiashara lililoanzishwa mnamo Machi 2003 kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002. Majukumu yake makuu ni pamoja na: kutoa leseni kwa bodi za huduma za maji na kuidhinisha Mikataba ya Utoaji wa Huduma (SPAs); kuandaa miongozo ya tozo za maji na kuratibu mazungumzo ya bei; kuweka viwango na kuandaa miongozo ya utoaji wa huduma; pamoja na kuchapisha matokeo ya ufuatiliaji wa sekta kupitia ripoti linganifu (kama vile Ripoti ya Athari). '''Udhibiti wa mazingira''' nchini Kenya unatekelezwa na Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Usimamizi wa Mazingira (NEMA). NEMA ilianzishwa kwa mujibu wa Sheria ya Usimamizi na Uratibu wa Mazingira (Nambari 8 ya mwaka 1999) na kuanza shughuli zake rasmi mnamo Julai 2002. Jukumu lake kuu ni kuhimiza ujumuishaji wa masuala ya mazingira katika sera, mipango, programu, na miradi ya serikali. Hususan katika sekta ya maji, NEMA inawajibika kuandaa kanuni za ubora wa maji, ambapo toleo la sasa la kanuni hizo liliidhinishwa mwaka wa 2006. <ref>[http://www.nema.go.ke/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 National Environment Management Authority, Kenya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nema.go.ke/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1 |date=20111104122928 }} Retrieved 17 March 2010</ref> === Usimamizi wa mali === Kutokana na mageuzi ya sekta hiyo, jukumu la utoaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira limegatuliwa kwa '''Bodi nane za Huduma za Maji''' za kikanda (WSBs), ambazo ni: Athi (inayohudumia mji mkuu wa Nairobi), Pwani, Tana, Ziwa Victoria Kaskazini, Ziwa Victoria Kusini, Kaskazini, Bonde la Ufa, na tangu mwaka wa 2008, Bodi ya Tanathi.. Bodi hizi za Huduma za Maji zina dhamana ya usimamizi wa rasilimali, ikijumuisha upanuzi na ukarabati wa miundombinu ya maji na mifumo ya maji taka, pamoja na upangaji na utekelezaji wa uwekezaji katika sekta hiyo. Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zilipoanzishwa, zilikabiliwa na ukosoaji kama "safu ya urasimu isiyo ya lazima" iliyosababisha "mgongano wa majukumu," kwa kuwa zilikuwa na dhima pacha kama "wadhibiti (pamoja na WSRB) na wahusika wa soko". Aidha, zilishtumiwa kwa kuwa taasisi "zisizogusika na zenye urasimu mkubwa... ambazo ziko mbali na maeneo ya utoaji wa huduma". Ingawa WSBs hufanya kazi chini ya mfumo wa leseni, utaratibu huo wa utoaji leseni umekosolewa kwa kuwa "wa kiofisi, mzito, na unaozua mkanganyiko". <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=J. M. Migai Akech, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Nairobi|title=Governing Water And Sanitation in Kenya: Public Law, Private Sector Participation and the Elusive Quest for a Suitable Institutional Framework|url=http://www.ielrc.org/activities/workshop_0704/content/d0702.pdf|publisher=Paper prepared for the workshop entitled 'Legal Aspects of Water Sector Reforms' to be organised in Geneva from 20 to 21 April 2007 by the International Environmental Law Research Centre (IELRC) in the context of the Research partnership 2006–2009 on water law sponsored by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)|accessdate=27 December 2012|pages=32–33|year=2007}}</ref> === Utoaji wa huduma === Dhamana ya utoaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira imekasimiwa kwa Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs). Hata hivyo, bodi hizi hazina wajibu wa kutoa huduma hizo moja kwa moja; badala yake, zinaweza kukabidhi jukumu hilo kwa makampuni ya umma yanayojiendesha kibiashara, yanayofahamika kama '''Watoa Huduma za Maji''' (WSPs). Utekelezaji wa huduma hizi unadhibitiwa kupitia Mikataba ya Utoaji Huduma (SPAs) ili kuhakikisha uzingatiaji wa viwango vya ubora, viwango vya huduma, na vigezo vya utendaji vilivyowekwa na WASREB. Kuna makundi mawili makuu ya WSPs: * '''Mashirika ya Umma ya Huduma:''' Kuna jumla ya WSPs 89 katika kundi hili, ikijumuisha makampuni yenye dhima ya ukomo (LLCs) katika maeneo ya mijini yanayomilikiwa na mamlaka moja au zaidi ya mitaa, pamoja na Vyama vya Watumiaji wa Maji (WUAs) katika maeneo ya vijijini. * '''Mashirika ya Kibinafsi ya Huduma:''' Kuna WSPs mbili tu ndogo katika kategoria hii, nazo ni Kampuni ya Maji ya Runda (Runda Water Company) na Mradi wa Maji wa Kiamumbi (Kiamumbi Water Project). [[Faili:Kibera.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Idadi ya watu wa makazi ya kipato cha chini kama vile [[Kibera (Nairobi)|Kibera]] wanategemea maji yanayotolewa na watoa huduma ndogo zisizo rasmi.]] '''Watoa huduma wadogo''' wasio rasmi (SSPs) hutoa huduma ya maji katika makazi ya watu wenye kipato cha chini vijijini na mijini. Baadhi yao huuza maji kwa kutumia malori ya mizinga (tankers) au mitungi, mara nyingi kwa bei inayozidi ile ya maji ya bomba kwa mara tano hadi kumi. Makundi mengine ni vikundi vya kijamii, mara nyingi vikiendeshwa na wanawake, vinavyotoa huduma ya maji ya bomba. Mfuko wa Dhamana ya Sekta ya Maji (Water Sector Trust Fund) unaendeleza juhudi za kurasimisha utoaji wa huduma katika maeneo hayo yenye kipato cha chini. Mfuko huo umezindua dhana mbili za kitaifa za kutoa huduma kwa jamii maskini: kwanza ni Mzunguko wa Mradi wa Jamii (Community Project Cycle), unaotoa ruzuku kwa jamii zilizo tayari kuzingatia vigezo vya msingi vya huduma; na pili ni "Dhana ya Maskini wa Mijini" (Urban Poor Concept) ambayo imetekelezwa tangu mwaka 2007, ikapelekea ujenzi wa vibanda vingi vya maji (water kiosks) vinavyozingatia vigezo vya uendelevu. Mfano wa ushirikiano wa dhati kati ya kampuni ya huduma na vikundi vya kijamii unapatikana katika mtaa wa Nyalenda, makazi yenye watu takriban 60,000 jijini [[Kisumu]]. Katika mfumo huu, kampuni ya maji ya eneo hilo huuza maji kwa jumla kwa vikundi vya kijamii, ambavyo kwa upande wao husimamia mifumo ya usambazaji na vibanda vya kuuzia maji ndani ya vitongoji vyao. [[Faili:Malindi_town_view.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Mtazamo wa mji wa kale wa Malindi, mji wa kitalii ambapo kampuni binafsi iliendesha mfumo wa maji kuanzia 1999 hadi 2003.]] '''Ushiriki wa sekta binafsi.''' Sekta binafsi ina mchango mdogo, ingawa wenye umuhimu, katika uendeshaji wa mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji nchini Kenya. Tangu mwaka wa 1975, kampuni ya Runda Water Limited imekuwa ikisambaza maji ya bomba katika mtaa wa makazi ya kifahari wa Old Runda jijini Nairobi. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, kampuni hiyo ilitia saini mkataba wa utoaji wa huduma (SPA) na Bodi ya Huduma za Maji ya Athi (Athi WSB) kwa ajili ya kusambaza maji kwa wakazi wa mitaa miwili ya makazi katika eneo hilo'''.''' Mnamo mwaka wa 1995, mkataba wa huduma ulitiwa saini kati ya NWCPC na kampuni ya Gauff Consulting Engineers kwa ajili ya kuzisaidia mamlaka za mitaa katika mji wa pwani wa Malindi kuboresha mifumo ya utoaji bili na ukusanyaji wa mapato. Mkataba huo uliongezwa muda wake kutoka miezi saba na nusu hadi miaka mitatu na nusu. Kufuatia kukamilika kwake mnamo mwaka wa 1999, mkataba wa usimamizi ulitiwa saini kati ya Kampuni ya Maji ya Malindi na mwendeshaji binafsi kwa kipindi cha miaka minne, kwa lengo la kuimarisha uwezo wa kampuni hiyo katika nyanja za kiufundi na usimamizi wa kifedha. Mkataba huo ulitathminiwa kuwa na mafanikio na kufuatia kukamilika kwake, jukumu la utoaji wa huduma lilirudishwa chini ya usimamizi wa sekta ya umma. Katika mji mdogo wa [[Tala, Kenya|Tala]] mnamo mwaka wa 1999, baraza la kaunti ya Kangundo liliingia mkataba wa miaka 30 wa usambazaji wa maji na kampuni ya Romane Agencies Ltd. Makubaliano hayo yanabainisha kuwa asilimia 10 ya mapato yote yanapaswa kuwasilishwa kwa baraza la mji. Hadi sasa, maboresho kiasi katika ubora wa huduma yameonekana, ingawa upatikanaji wa maji kwa jamii nzima bado unakabiliwa na changamoto kubwa. === Usuluhishi wa sekta ya maji === Sheria ya Maji ya mwaka 2002 pia iliidhinisha kuanzishwa kwa '''Bodi huru ya Rufaa za Maji''' (Water Appeals Board) kwa ajili ya usuluhishi wa mizozo na migogoro inayohusiana na rasilimali za maji. Ingawa Bodi hiyo ilizinduliwa rasmi jijini Nairobi mnamo mwaka wa 2005, ni mashauri matatu pekee ambayo yametolewa maamuzi tangu wakati huo. Aidha, rufaa nyingine tano bado hazijashughulikiwa kufuatia kujiuzulu kwa mwenyekiti mnamo Machi 2009, huku muda wa kuhudumu kwa wajumbe wengine wawili wa bodi hiyo ukiwa haujaongezwa. === Asasi za kiraia === Kenya ina asasi za kiraia zinazojihusisha kikamilifu na sekta ya maji, zikiwemo mashirika kadhaa yasiyo ya kiserikali (NGOs) ya ndani yanayofanya kazi ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira. Mashirika mengi kati ya haya ni wanachama wa Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KEWASNET) ulioanzishwa mnamo mwaka wa 2007. Miongoni mwa majukumu yake, KEWASNET hufuatilia utoaji wa huduma, hususan kwa jamii zenye kipato cha chini, pamoja na utekelezaji wa sera za mageuzi katika sekta ya maji. Aidha, mtandao huo "hutoa taarifa kwa Wakenya ili kuwawezesha kuhusika na kushiriki katika mifumo ya usimamizi na ufanyaji maamuzi katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira". Vilevile, KEWASNET "hukuza utamaduni wa uwajibikaji miongoni mwa walaji ili kulipia huduma wanazopata kutoka kwa kampuni za maji, huku wakilinda miundombinu na vifaa dhidi ya uharibifu na hujuma." Mojawapo ya mashirika makubwa yasiyo ya kiserikali (NGOs) nchini Kenya yanayojihusisha na masuala ya maji na usafi wa mazingira ni Maji na Ufanisi. Shirika hili linajishughulisha na maendeleo ya jamii pamoja na ujenzi wa miundombinu katika mitaa ya mabanda na miji midogo, likipigia debe utawala bora katika sekta hiyo sanjari na kufanya tafiti mbalimbali. Maji na Ufanisi lilianzishwa mnamo mwaka wa 1998 ili kurithi na kuendeleza operesheni za shirika la WaterAid UK nchini Kenya, baada ya shirika hilo la Uingereza kuamua kusitisha shughuli zake hapa nchini.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Maji na Ufanisi|title=Background of Maji na Ufanisi|url=http://www.majinaufanisi.org/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&layout=category&task=category&id=34&Itemid=128|accessdate=12 November 2011}}</ref> === Huduma za kuosha kwa shule === Ripoti iliyotolewa mnamo mwaka wa 2021 ilichunguza hali ya huduma za maji katika shule mbalimbali nchini Kenya na kubainisha kuwa "jukumu la utoaji wa huduma za WASH mashuleni katika ngazi ya kaunti bado halijatafsiriwa vyema". {{Rp|3}}Kutokana na kukosekana kwa uratibu thabiti kati ya serikali ya kitaifa na serikali za kaunti, kila shule imeachwa na jukumu la kusimamia utoaji wake wa huduma za maji, usafi, na usafi wa mazingira (WASH) kwa namna ya kipekee. Hali hii inasababisha mkwamo kwani kwa sasa hakuna mfumo madhubuti wa ufuatiliaji wala kanuni rasmi za kusimamia mchakato huo. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|3}} == Ufanisi wa kiuchumi == Utendaji wa kiuchumi wa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) nchini Kenya unafuatiliwa kwa karibu na WASREB, ambapo matokeo yake huchapishwa katika Ripoti ya Athari (Impact Report) kwa lengo la kuchochea ushindani na kueneza mbinu bora za kiutendaji. Viashiria muhimu vinavyotumika kupima ufanisi wa kiuchumi ni pamoja na: viwango vya ukusanyaji wa mapato, kiasi cha maji yasiyoingiza mapato (NRW), uwiano wa ufungaji wa mita, pamoja na tija ya wafanyakazi. Hata hivyo, Watoa Huduma za Maji wengi nchini Kenya bado hawajafanikiwa kufikia vigezo na shabaha zilizowekwa katika nyanja hizi. '''Kiwango cha Ukusanyaji.''' Katika kipindi cha mwaka wa 2013-14, Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) wengi nchini Kenya walirekodi ufanisi mkubwa katika ukusanyaji wa mapato, wakifikia wastani wa 93% ikilinganishwa na 86% mnamo 2006-07. Shirika lililoonyesha utendaji duni zaidi lilikuwa Mawingo, ambalo lilikusanya asilimia 40 pekee ya kiasi cha ankara zilizotolewa. Katika baadhi ya kampuni za huduma, kiwango cha ukusanyaji kilivuka asilimia 100, hali iliyotokana na uwezo wa WSPs kufanikiwa kukusanya malimbikizo ya madeni ya miaka ya nyuma. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency"/> '''Maji yasiyo ya mapato.''' Kwa wastani, asilimia 42 ya maji yaliyosambazwa nchini Kenya hayakutolewa ankara katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013–2014, kutokana na changamoto kama vile uvujaji wa miundombinu au wizi wa maji. Ni Mtoa Huduma za Maji mmoja pekee (Nyeri) aliyefanikiwa kufikia kigezo kilichowekwa na Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji cha kuwa na kiwango cha NRW cha chini ya 20%. Katika jiji la Nairobi, viwango vya NRW vilikuwa 39%, huku kule Mombasa vikiwa 48%. Kulingana na gharama ya uzalishaji kwa kila uniti, hasara za kitaifa zilizotokana na maji yasiyoingiza mapato mnamo mwaka 2014 zilikadiriwa kufikia Shilingi bilioni 5.2, kiasi ambacho ni sawa na dola za Marekani milioni 52. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency"/> '''Uwiano wa Ufungaji wa Mita.''' Uwiano wa mita miongoni mwa makampuni ya huduma za maji nchini Kenya ulikuwa asilimia 89 katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013-14, ikiwa ni ongezeko kutoka asilimia 82 mnamo 2006-2007. Hata hivyo, bado kuna shaka juu ya ufanisi wa mita hizo na ikiwa zilizosakinishwa zinafanya kazi ipasavyo. Uwiano wa ufungaji wa mita jijini Nairobi ulikuwa umepanda hadi asilimia 99 mnamo 2006-07, lakini kiwango hicho kilishuka na kufikia asilimia 94 katika kipindi cha mwaka 2013-14. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|pages=24 and 31–36|date=August 2015}}</ref> '''Uzalishaji wa nguvu kazi.''' Katika kipindi cha mwaka wa 2013–2014, kulikuwa na wastani wa wafanyakazi 7 kwa kila miunganisho 1,000 ya maji nchini Kenya, ikiwa ni uboreshaji mkubwa ikilinganishwa na wafanyakazi 11 mnamo 2006–07. Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) saba, ambao wote ni makampuni makubwa, walifikia viwango vizuri vya tija ya wafanyakazi kwa kuwa na watumishi 5 au chini ya hapo kwa kila miunganisho 1,000, ikiwa ni maendeleo kutoka kwa kampuni moja tu iliyofikia kiwango hicho mnamo 2006–07. <ref name="Impact 2015 Efficiency"/> == Vipengele vya kifedha == === Urejeshaji wa gharama === Mnamo mwaka wa 2014, Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) walifanikiwa kurejesha wastani wa asilimia 100 ya gharama za uendeshaji na matengenezo. Hata hivyo, ni mashirika manne tu yaliyofikia lengo la kurejesha asilimia 150 ya gharama hizo, kiasi kinachohitajika kwa ajili ya kulipa madeni na kuimarisha miundombinu. Kisheria, Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) zinapaswa kugharamia uendeshaji wa ofisi zao kupitia Ushuru wa Udhibiti unaokusanywa kutoka kwa WSPs katika maeneo yao. Ukweli ni kwamba, ni Bodi ya Athi pekee iliyoweza kugharamia asilimia 115 ya gharama zake za uendeshaji mnamo 2006/2007, huku bodi nyingine zikiendelea kutegemea kwa kiasi kikubwa ruzuku kutoka serikali kuu. === Kiwango cha ushuru === Wastani wa ushuru wa maji ulioripotiwa mnamo mwaka wa 2014 ulikuwa Shilingi 60 (takriban dola za Marekani 0.60) kwa kila mita ya ujazo ($m^3$). Hata hivyo, takwimu hii haitoi picha halisi kutokana na tofauti kubwa za kikanda na kuwepo kwa mfumo wa ushuru wa madaraja (progressive block tariff) kwa miunganisho ya majumbani. Chini ya mfumo huu, kiasi cha kwanza cha $10\text{ m}^3$ hutozwa ada ya chini kabisa inayofadhiliwa kwa kiasi kikubwa na serikali, huku madaraja yanayofuata (hadi $20, 50, 100$ na $300$ pamoja na zaidi ya $300\text{ m}^3$) yakitozwa ushuru unaoongezeka hatua kwa hatua, ambapo ushuru wa daraja la juu kabisa ni mara tano zaidi ya daraja la kwanza. Katika maeneo yasiyo na mita, kiwango maalum cha ada ya mwezi hutumika. Lengo la mfumo huu ni kuhimiza matumizi ya maji kwa uangalifu na kuhakikisha kaya zenye kipato cha chini zinapata maji kwa bei nafuu. Pamoja na hayo, mfumo huu unakabiliwa na changamoto katika maeneo ya mabanda ambapo kaya huuziana maji au kushirikiana muunganisho mmoja, jambo linalowapelekea kuingia katika daraja la juu la matumizi na hivyo kulazimika kulipa ushuru mkubwa zaidi.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">nukuu inahitajika</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Kwa mfano, katika maeneo ya vijijini ya [[Mwingi]] Kaskazini, maji yanayotolewa kutoka Bwawa la [[Kiambere]] katika [[Tana (mto)|Mto Tana]] huuzwa kwa kaya zisizokuwa na miunganisho ya bomba kwa bei ya ruzuku ya dola 1 ya Marekani kwa kila mita ya ujazo (m³) mnamo 2014 (sawa na KSh 2 kwa kila lita 20) <ref name=":5"/> Katika eneo hilo hilo, maji yanayochimbwa kutoka kwenye visima virefu na vyanzo vya asili vya miamba huuzwa katika vibanda vya maji kwa gharama ya kati ya dola 1 na 2.5 kwa kila m³ (KSh 2 hadi 5 kwa kila lita 20). <ref name=":5" /> Wakati mwingine, wakazi hulazimika kununua maji kutoka kwa wachuuzi binafsi, jambo ambalo ni ghali zaidi kwani gharama huongezeka kufikia kati ya dola 2.5 na 10 kwa kila m³ (KSh 5 hadi 20 kwa kila lita 20). <ref name=":5" /> Taarifa zinazohusu ushuru wa maji katika vibanda (water kiosks) zinaonekana kugongana. Ripoti ya mwaka 2007 iliyochunguza miji mitatu nchini Kenya inabainisha kuwa gharama ya uniti kwa vibanda vya maji ilikuwa Shilingi 10 kwa kila m³ jijini [[Nairobi]], Shilingi 15 jijini [[Mombasa]], na Shilingi 55 jijini [[Kisumu]]. Hata hivyo, ripoti hiyo hiyo katika sehemu ya awali inasema kuwa walaji wanaotumia vibanda vya maji hulipa Shilingi 100 kwa kila m³ katika miji hiyo yote mitatu. Kiwango hicho kinatajwa kuwa ni mara mbili hadi tano zaidi ya gharama wanayolipa wateja waliounganishiwa maji ya bomba moja kwa moja majumbani mwao. Nchini Kenya, hakuna ushuru rasmi wa maji taka, hali inayopelekea majengo yaliyounganishwa na mfumo wa maji taka kupata huduma hiyo bila malipo, licha ya kuwa mchakato wa uzoaji na usafishaji wa maji machafu una gharama kubwa inayolingana na ile ya usambazaji wa maji ya kunywa. Mnamo mwaka wa 2013, utafiti ulioagizwa na mamlaka ya udhibiti ulipendekeza kuanzishwa kwa ushuru wa huduma za maji taka wa asilimia 5 kama tozo ya ziada katika ankara za maji. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|date=August 2015}}</ref> Mbali na ushuru wa huduma, Kenya pia imeanzisha tozo za uvunaji wa maji kutoka vyanzo vya chini ya ardhi pamoja na maji ya juu (surface water). === Marekebisho ya ushuru === Uwekaji wa ushuru wa maji ni jukumu la Bodi za Huduma za Maji (WSBs) na Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) kwa kuzingatia gharama za uendeshaji na matengenezo. Ushuru huo sharti uidhinishwe na WASREB, ambayo pia ina mamlaka ya kuelekeza WSB kuandaa mapendekezo ya marekebisho ya bei. Kwa mujibu wa Miongozo ya Ushuru, kuna aina tatu za marekebisho: Marekebisho ya Kawaida (Regular Tariff Adjustments) yanayozingatia mpango wa biashara wa WSP; Marekebisho ya Dharura (Extraordinary Tariff Adjustments) yanayofanyika pale muundo wa gharama unapobadilika kwa kiasi kikubwa; na Marekebisho ya Kiotomatiki (Automatic Tariff Adjustments) yanayoweza kufanyika kila baada ya miezi 12 kama sehemu ya mkataba wa utoaji huduma. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, Marekebisho ya Dharura ya Ushuru (Extraordinary Tariff Adjustment) yaliidhinishwa kwa Watoa Huduma za Maji (WSPs) wote nchini kama hatua ya mpito ya kuzisaidia kampuni hizo kugharamia uendeshaji na matengenezo. Ushuru wa huduma za uondoaji wa maji taka ni sehemu muhimu ya marekebisho hayo, huku lengo kuu likiwa ni kufikia uwezo wa kurejesha gharama zote za uwekezaji (full cost recovery) katika sekta ya usafi wa mazingira. Pamoja na hayo, wizara yenye dhamana ya maji inatambua kuwa utekelezaji wa ushuru wa kurejesha gharama kamili kwa mifumo fulani ya maji taka unaweza kusababisha huduma hiyo kutofikika kwa urahisi kutokana na gharama kubwa kwa kaya nyingi zilizounganishwa. === Uwekezaji === Kulingana na Mapitio ya Mwaka ya Sekta ya Maji ya 2013–14, uwekezaji katika huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira mijini ulifikia Shilingi bilioni 12 (takriban dola za Marekani milioni 120), kiasi ambacho ni kidogo ikilinganishwa na hitaji la uwekezaji la kila mwaka la takriban Shilingi bilioni 75 (dola za Marekani milioni 750). <ref name="Impact Investment">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Impact: A Performance Review of Kenya's Water Services Sector 2013 – 2014|url=http://www.wasreb.go.ke/|publisher=Water Services Regulatory Board|accessdate=14 December 2015|date=August 2015}}</ref> Takwimu za Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji zinaonyesha kuwa bajeti ya usambazaji wa maji ya kunywa na usafi wa mazingira ilifikia Shilingi bilioni 18.7 (dola za Marekani milioni 242.8) katika Mwaka wa Fedha wa 2008–09, kiwango kilichokuwa juu zaidi ya uwekezaji wa mwaka 2013–14. Katika kipindi cha miaka mitano iliyotangulia, bajeti ya sekta ya maji iliongezeka kwa asilimia 245 kutoka Shilingi bilioni 4.2 (dola za Marekani milioni 54.5) mnamo 2004–2005. Takriban asilimia 82 ya fedha hizo zilitengwa kwa ajili ya sekta ndogo ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira, huku kiasi kilichosalia kikielekezwa kwenye Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji, Miundombinu ya Umwagiliaji na Hifadhi ya Maji, pamoja na Urejeshaji wa Ardhi iliyoharibika. === Ufadhili === Kulingana na mamlaka ya udhibiti, "utegemezi wa kupindukia kwa washirika wa maendeleo (yaani wafadhili wa nje), waliochangia zaidi ya asilimia 94 ya jumla ya rasilimali za uwekezaji mnamo 2013/14, ni ishara hatari kwa ustawi wa sekta hii". Vyanzo vikuu vya ufadhili kwa taasisi za maji nchini Kenya vimegawanyika katika makundi matatu: fedha za serikali ambazo zilichangia asilimia 58 ya ufadhili wa sekta mnamo 2008–2009, mapato ya ndani ya taasisi yaliyofikia asilimia 11, na michango ya wafadhili iliyoundwa na asilimia 31 ya fedha zilizopatikana kipindi hicho. Theluthi moja ya michango kutoka kwa washirika wa maendeleo ilijumuishwa katika bajeti kuu ya serikali, huku theluthi mbili zilizosalia zikitolewa nje ya mfumo wa bajeti. Katika makadirio ya ufadhili wa wafadhili kwa mwaka 2008–2009, asilimia 70 ilitolewa kwa mfumo wa mikopo, wakati ruzuku ziliwakilisha asilimia 30 pekee. Ufadhili wa mikakati inayolenga kuimarisha upatikanaji wa huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira katika maeneo yaliyotengwa—hususan yale yanayokaliwa na jamii zenye kipato cha chini—hutolewa na '''Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji''' (WSTF). Mfuko huu wa WSTF hupokea rasilimali za kifedha kutoka kwa Serikali ya Kenya pamoja na mashirika ya wafadhili, kisha huzielekeza katika maeneo 362 yaliyobainika kuwa duni zaidi kote nchini (mchakato unaofanyika kwa ushirikiano na Bodi za Huduma za Maji). === Malipo ya bili kupitia simu za mkononi === Tangu mwaka wa 2009, kampuni kubwa zaidi ya mawasiliano nchini Kenya ilipanua wigo wa mfumo wake wa malipo kupitia simu za mkononi, [[M-pesa|M-Pesa,]] ili kuruhusu makampuni ya huduma za maji kupokea malipo ya bili kwa njia ya kidijitali.. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|author=Fastcompany|title=Kenya's M-PESA System Lets Cell Phones Control Access to Water|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/blog/ariel-schwartz/sustainability/kenyas-m-pesa-system-lets-cell-phones-control-access-water|accessdate=27 August 2011|date=3 September 2009}}</ref> Kufikia mwaka wa 2012, zaidi ya Wakenya milioni 12, wakiwemo asilimia 85 ya wakazi wa mijini, walikuwa wakitumia huduma za kifedha kupitia simu za mkononi. Utafiti uliofanywa na Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford ulibainisha kuwa kabla ya teknolojia hii, wakazi wa Kiamumbi nje ya jiji la Nairobi walilazimika kutumia dakika 40 kusafiri na kusubiri kwenye foleni ndefu benki ili kuweka amana, kisha kuwasilisha stakabadhi katika ofisi za maji ili kukamilisha malipo. Baada ya shirika la maji la eneo hilo kuanza kutumia mfumo wa M-Pesa mnamo Desemba 2010, takriban nusu ya wateja wake walihamia kwenye mfumo huo wa kidijitali ndani ya kipindi cha miezi miwili pekee. <ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Foster |first=Timothy |last2=Robert Hope |last3=Cliff Nyaga |date=21–27 August 2011 |title=Adoption and implications of mobile phone banking for urban water services in Kenya |journal=World Water Week in Stockholm Abstract Volume |pages=76–77}}</ref> == Ushirikiano wa nje == {{Water supply and sanitation by country}}Kenya inapokea usaidizi wa kimataifa kutoka kwa mashirika mbalimbali ya wafadhili, ambapo miradi inayotekelezwa hivi sasa inakadiriwa kuwa na thamani ya euro milioni 627. Wafadhili wakuu katika sekta hii ni pamoja na [[Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika Mashariki|Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika]] (AfDB), [[Ufaransa]], [[Ujerumani]], [[Uswidi|Sweden]], na [[Udeni|Denmark]], sanjari na [[Benki ya Dunia]]. Washirika wengine wa maendeleo ni Tume ya Ulaya, Italia, Finland, Japan (kupitia JICA), Uholanzi, pamoja na [[UNICEF]]. Misaada hii ya nje imejikita zaidi katika miradi ya usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira mijini, huku kukiwa na mikakati michache zaidi inayoelekezwa katika maeneo ya vijijini. Mnamo Oktoba 2006, Serikali ya Kenya ilianzisha Mbinu ya Pamoja ya Kisekta (SWAp) kwa lengo la kuoanisha shughuli za washirika wa maendeleo, pamoja na uratibu na utekelezaji wa miradi. Mbinu hii ya SWAp husaidia kuimarisha majadiliano ya kisekta kati ya Wizara na wafadhili, mbali na kukuza uhusiano wa sekta mtambuka. Chini ya usimamizi wa mashirika makuu ya wafadhili, mfumo wa sera ya sekta ya pamoja, taratibu za ufuatiliaji, pamoja na programu na mikakati ya kisekta vinaendelea kuandaliwa. Tangu mwaka 2007, Mapitio ya Mwaka ya Sekta ya Maji (AWSR) yamekuwa yakifanyika ili kusaidia katika ulinganifu wa miradi ya wafadhili. Aidha, Washirika wa Maendeleo wameunda Kikundi cha Kiufundi cha Sekta ya Maji (WSTG) ili kuboresha uratibu miongoni mwao, pamoja na Kikundi Kazi cha Sekta ya Maji (WSWG) kwa ajili ya mawasiliano na serikali. Kikundi cha WSTG kinaongozwa na utatu wa wanachama (troika) na mwenyekiti anayezunguka kila mwaka; mnamo 2012, utatu huo ulijumuisha nchi za Ujerumani, Uholanzi, na Uswidi. === Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika === Benki ya Maendeleo ya Afrika (AfDB) inashiriki kikamilifu katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya kupitia miradi ifuatayo, ikiwa na mchango wa takriban euro milioni 70 kutoka kwa washirika wa maendeleo: * Mradi wa "Usambazaji wa Maji na Udhibiti wa Taka katika Miji Midogo" (jumla ya thamani: euro milioni 84.2), uliozinduliwa katikati ya mwaka 2009, unalenga kuimarisha uwezo wa kitaasisi, miundombinu ya usambazaji wa maji na maji taka, pamoja na mikakati ya hifadhi ya maji katika eneo la Yatta kwa kipindi cha miaka minne. Idadi ya wanufaika wa mradi huu inakadiriwa kufikia watu 780,000. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-007/ Small Towns Water Supply & Waste] {{Wayback|url=http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-007/ |date=20101224151336 }}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> * Mapema mwaka 2009, "Mradi wa Usaidizi wa Bodi za Huduma za Maji" (thamani: euro milioni 61.5) <ref name="euro" /> ulianza kutekelezwa kwa lengo la kukuza maendeleo ya kitaasisi katika bodi mbalimbali, zikiwemo Bodi ya Ziwa Victoria Kusini (LVSWSB), Maji ya Kaskazini (NWSB), na Bodi ya Tana (TWSB), ili kuboresha huduma za maji na usafi wa mazingira kikanda. * Aidha, mradi wa "Usambazaji wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira katika Bonde la Ufa" (thamani: euro milioni 22.9), <ref name="euro" /> ulioanza mwaka 2006, unatarajiwa kuwanufaisha wakazi 350,000 katika maeneo ya mijini na vijijini ndani ya bonde hilo. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-002 Rift Valley Water Supply & Sanitation]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> * Hatimaye, "Mradi wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira kwa Shule za Msingi Wilayani Kisumu" (thamani: euro milioni 0.22), <ref name="euro" /> ulioanza mwaka 2007, unalenga takriban wanafunzi 3,200 na kamati za usimamizi katika shule sita shiriki. <ref>[http://www.afdb.org/en/projects-operations/project-portfolio/project/p-ke-e00-006/ Kisumu District Primary Schools Water and Sanitation Project]{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}, Retrieved 15 April 2010</ref> === Ufaransa === Shirika la Maendeleo la Ufaransa (AFD) hutoa usaidizi katika sekta ya maji na usafi wa mazingira nchini Kenya kupitia miradi inayotekelezwa jijini Nairobi, [[Kisumu]] na [[Mombasa]]. Mnamo mwaka wa 2008, jumla ya ufadhili wa miradi iliyokuwa ikiendelea ilifikia euro milioni 105, kiasi kilichojumuisha mkopo wa euro milioni 40 kwa ajili ya Mombasa ulioidhinishwa mwaka huo huo. Mnamo 2009, AFD iliidhinisha mkopo mwingine wa euro milioni 51 kwa lengo la kuimarisha usambazaji wa maji na miundombinu ya usafi wa mazingira katika miji ya [[Nairobi]] na [[Kisumu]]. Hapo awali, shirika hilo pia lilishiriki katika ufadhili wa miradi mingine katika maeneo ya [[Kandara]], Kahuti, [[Litein]], na [[Siaya]]. <ref name="AFD East Africa" /> === Ujerumani === Tangu mwaka wa 1975, [[Ujerumani]] imekuwa ikifadhili sekta ya maji nchini Kenya kupitia Wizara ya Shirikisho ya Ushirikiano wa Kiuchumi na Maendeleo (BMZ), inayotekeleza majukumu yake kupitia shirika la GIZ (ushirikiano wa kiufundi) na benki ya KfW (ushirikiano wa kifedha). KfW imeteuliwa kama mratibu mkuu wa sekta hiyo, huku programu zinazoendelea za Ujerumani zikikadiriwa kufikia euro milioni 80. Lengo kuu la ushirikiano huu wa nchi mbili ni kuziwezesha taasisi za kisekta kuhakikisha upatikanaji endelevu na wa usawa wa maji safi na huduma za usafi wa mazingira mijini, pamoja na kulinda rasilimali za maji. Kwa mfano, GIZ inachangia malengo ya kitaifa kupitia "Programu ya Mageuzi ya Sekta ya Maji" (2003–2013), inayojumuisha vipengele muhimu kama: a) kuisaidia wizara ya maji katika mageuzi ya kisekta; b) udhibiti wa sekta na ufadhili unaozingatia mahitaji ya jamii duni; c) uimarishaji wa uendeshaji wa kibiashara wa huduma za maji na usafi; d) kujenga uwezo wa Mamlaka ya Usimamizi wa Rasilimali za Maji (WRA); na e) kuanzisha mifumo ya usafi wa mazingira inayozingatia urejeshaji wa rasilimali (Ecosan). === Uswidi na Denmark === [[Uswidi]], [[Udeni|Denmark]], na Kenya zina historia ndefu ya ushirikiano katika sekta ya maji. Tangu mwaka wa 2005, Serikali ya Uswidi, kupitia Shirika la Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo la Kimataifa la Uswidi (SIDA), kwa ushirikiano na Denmark kupitia Shirika la Maendeleo la Kimataifa la Denmark (DANIDA), zimekuwa zikifadhili Programu ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KWSP). Programu hiyo ilitengewa bajeti ya ruzuku ya jumla ya dola za Marekani milioni 80 kwa kipindi cha kuanzia mwaka 2005 hadi 2010. KWSP imechangia pakubwa katika utekelezaji wa mageuzi ya kisekta, ikielekeza nguvu zake hasa katika kuimarisha uwezo wa kitaasisi, usambazaji wa maji na usafi wa mazingira vijijini, pamoja na usimamizi wa rasilimali za maji. === Benki ya Dunia === "Mradi wa Uboreshaji wa Huduma za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira" (WaSSIP) wa [[Benki ya Dunia]] kwa kipindi cha 2007–2012 nchini [[Kenya]], unajumuisha jumla ya mkopo wa takriban dola milioni 159. Mradi huu unazisaidia bodi za Huduma za Maji za [[Athi]] (AWSB), Pwani (CWSB), na [[Ziwa Viktoria|Ziwa Victoria]] Kaskazini (LVNWSB), huku ukitoa usaidizi wa kiufundi kwa Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Sekta ya Maji (WASREB) na Bodi ya Rufaa ya Maji. Pamoja na uwekezaji katika miundombinu, mradi huo unafadhili mikakati inayolenga kuimarisha uendeshaji wa kibiashara, usimamizi wa kifedha, na shughuli za kiufundi katika sekta husika. == Mifano katika ngazi ya kaunti == [[Kaunti ya Kitui]] inapatikana takriban kilomita 160 mashariki mwa Jiji la Nairobi ikiwa na idadi ya watu inayokadiriwa kufikia 1,221,000. {{Rp|8}}Huduma za maji katika kaunti hiyo hutolewa na kampuni mbili kuu (WSPs): Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Kitui (KITWASCO) na Kampuni ya Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira ya Kiambere-Mwingi (KIMWASCO). <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}}Mnamo mwaka wa 2017, mashirika haya yalifanikiwa kuhudumia asilimia 32 tu ya wakazi, huku huduma hizo zikielekezwa zaidi katika maeneo ya mijini na kuacha maeneo mengi ya vijijini bila huduma ya kutosha. Ni takriban asilimia 42 ya wakazi wa Kaunti ya Kitui wanaoweza kupata huduma za msingi za maji. <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}}Takwimu za mwaka 2017 zinaonyesha kuwepo kwa vyanzo vya maji 3,126 vilivyosambaa kote kauntini, vikijumuisha vyanzo vyenye miundombinu kama vile pampu za mkono na mifumo ya mabomba, pamoja na vyanzo visivyo na miundombinu rasmi kama mabwawa ya mchanga, mabwawa ya udongo, na visima vifupi. Hata hivyo, ukaguzi wa rasilimali za maji uliofanyika mwaka huo ulibainisha kuwa ni asilimia 60 tu ya vyanzo hivyo vilivyokuwa vinafanya kazi kikamilifu. <ref name=":1" /> {{Rp|8}} Takriban watu 400,000 katika Kaunti ya Kitui hutegemea maji ya juu (surface water) kama chanzo chao kikuu cha maji ya kunywa, huku idadi kubwa ya wakazi ikitekeleza uvunaji wa maji ya mvua kupitia mifumo ya paa, vyanzo vya miamba (rock catchments), na mabwawa ya mchanga. <ref name=":4"/> Kwa jamii hizi, kipindi kirefu cha kiangazi kinachoanza Juni hadi Oktoba huleta changamoto kubwa za usambazaji wa maji. Rasilimali za maji ya chini ya ardhi—zinazovutwa kwa pampu za mkono au kusukumwa hadi kwenye mifumo ya mabomba na vibanda vya maji (water kiosks)—hutumika kama kinga dhidi ya makali ya ukame kwa wakazi wengi wa kaunti hiyo. Hata hivyo, miradi hii ya maji ya chini ya ardhi inakabiliwa na changamoto za ubora (hususan chumvi asilia), hitaji la matengenezo ya miundombinu, pamoja na utendaji duni wa baadhi ya mifumo hiyo. <ref name=":4" /> Mifumo ya usambazaji wa maji ya bomba hukabiliwa na uhaba au ukosefu wa wateja wakati wa msimu wa mvua, kwani watumiaji huelekea kutumia vyanzo mbadala vya maji ya juu na ya ardhini vinavyopatikana bila malipo. Wakati wa kipindi hiki, walaji wengi huhamia kwenye matumizi ya visima vifupi (shallow wells), hatua inayowaweka katika hatari kubwa ya kupata magonjwa kutokana na uchafuzi wa vyanzo hivyo. {{Rp|11}} Idadi kubwa ya shule katika Kaunti ya Kitui hazina miundombinu ya kunawia mikono (asilimia 53) {{Rp|42}}Uhaba huu wa vifaa huwaletea wanafunzi changamoto na vikwazo mbalimbali, ikiwemo ugumu kwa wasichana walio katika umri wa kubalehe kusimamia mahitaji ya usafi wa hedhi (Menstrual Hygiene Management) kutokana na kukosekana kwa maji na sabuni ya kunawia mikono. <ref name=":3" /> {{Rp|43}} == Jamii na utamaduni == === Madai ya ufisadi === Mnamo Septemba 2010, aliyekuwa Waziri wa Maji, [[Charity Ngilu]], alikiri mbele ya Bunge kuwa vitendo vya ufisadi vilikuwa vimekithiri ndani ya taasisi za maji za umma, zikiwemo bodi zote nane za huduma za maji pamoja na Shirika la Kitaifa la Uhifadhi wa Maji na Mabomba (NWCPC). Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia wa Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira nchini Kenya (KEWASNET) uliitaja kauli hiyo kama "kilele cha unafiki na upendeleo," ukidai kuwa Waziri huyo alizungumzia kashfa hizo hadharani baada tu ya gazeti la ''Daily Nation'' kufichua ubadhirifu huo. Muda mfupi kabla ya hapo, Ofisa Mtendaji Mkuu wa Bodi ya Huduma za Maji ya Tanathi alikuwa amesimamishwa kazi kufuatia ukaguzi wa WASREB uliodai kuwepo kwa ufisadi. Ripoti hiyo ya ukaguzi ilikuwa imechapishwa tangu Machi 2010, lakini hakuna hatua zozote zilizochukuliwa kwa kipindi cha miezi sita. <ref name="Corruption" /> Kwa mujibu wa KEWASNET, mifumo ya utawala ndani ya sekta ya maji ilikuwa imeporomoka na kufikia kiwango cha chini kabisa. == Marejeo == <references /> == Viungo vya nje == * [http://www.water.go.ke/ Wizara ya Maji na Umwagiliaji, Kenya] {{Wayback|url=http://www.water.go.ke/ |date=20250112023446 }} Archived * [http://www.wasreb.go.ke/ Bodi ya Udhibiti wa Huduma za Maji (WASREB)] * [http://www.wstfkenya.org Mfuko wa Dhamana wa Huduma za Maji (WSTF)] * [http://www.kewasnet.org/ Mtandao wa Asasi za Kiraia za Maji na Usafi wa Mazingira wa Kenya (Kewasnet)] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kewasnet.org/ |date=20181007002818 }} * [http://reliefweb.int/report/kenya/report-special-rapporteur-human-right-safe-drinking-water-and-sanitation-addendum Ripoti ya Mwandishi Maalum kuhusu haki ya binadamu ya maji salama ya kunywa na usafi wa mazingira: Julai 2014 Misheni ya Kenya] [[Jamii:Kenya]] qpgyfstk4qwqlz620r0ttt7zxihqh43 0 234590 1548037 1542195 2026-05-22T04:42:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548037 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rr. Alberthiene Endah Kusumawardhani Hilaul-Sutoyo''' (16 Septemba), anayejulikana zaidi kama '''Alberthiene Endah''', ni mwandishi wa wasifu, mwandishi wa riwaya, na mwandishi wa habari kutoka Indonesia. Anajulikana kwa kuandika wasifu wa kina wa watu mashuhuri wa Indonesia, kama vile Chrisye na Krisdayanti. Ametajwa kama “mwandishi wa wasifu anayehitajika zaidi nchini Indonesia.”<ref name="Titik"/> == Wasifu == Endah alizaliwa mjini [[Bandung]], West Java, lakini alikulia [[Depok]]. Alipenda uandishi tangu akiwa mdogo, na aliamua kuwa mwandishi wa habari akiwa bado shule ya sekondari ya chini.<ref name="Malik">Malik, Candra. "[[http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084](http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084) My Jakarta: Writer Alberthiene Endah] {{Webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100719001516/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084](https://web.archive.org/web/20100719001516/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/city/my-jakarta-writer-alberthiene-endah/343084) |date=19 Julai 2010 }}" ''[[The Jakarta Globe]]''. 23 Agosti 2009.</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu shule ya sekondari ya juu, alisomea fasihi ya Kiholanzi katika Universitas Indonesia.<ref name="Titik">Kurniasari, Titik. "[[http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/11/22/alberthiene-endah-life-she-wrote.html](http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/11/22/alberthiene-endah-life-she-wrote.html){{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}Alberthiene Endah: Life, She wrote]" ''[[The Jakarta Post]]''. 22 Novemba 2009.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nq11xvmj6ynkokgv048bsarael33wz4 0 234681 1548079 1542399 2026-05-22T06:25:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548079 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Luísa Pereira Luís''' (alizaliwa 28 Januari 1976) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] ambaye anahudumu katika Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores akiwakilisha kisiwa cha [[Faial Island|Faial]] kama mwanachama wa Chama cha Kisoshalisti (Ureno)|Chama cha Kisoshalisti tangu mwaka 2008. Alikuwa **Rais wa Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores** kuanzia mwaka 2012 hadi 2020, na mjumbe wa Baraza la Utawala mjini [[Horta, Azores|Horta]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.alra.pt/index.php/assembleia/composicao/deputados/ana-luisa-pereira-luis Wasifu wa Ana Luís]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} katika tovuti rasmi ya Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Azores. * [https://www.psazores.org/ Chama cha Kisoshalisti cha Azores (PS Açores)]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976||Luis, Ana Luisa Pereira}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hkksr1vkwgmz6edwj4lv11lbpkiqcp1 0 234682 1548083 1542401 2026-05-22T06:29:37Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548083 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Vasconcelos Martins''' (alizaliwa 14 Machi 1985) ni mwanasheria, mwanasayansi wa siasa, na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] wa chama cha [[Liberal Initiative]] (IL) ambaye alichaguliwa kuwa Mbunge wa Bunge la [[Ulaya]] katika Uchaguzi wa Bunge la Ulaya wa 2024 nchini Ureno|uchaguzi wa mwaka 2024.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 June 2024 |title="Freed from Desire". IL chega de Smart a Bruxelas, Cotrim ao volante, Ana Martins à pendura |url=https://rr.sapo.pt/noticia/politica/2024/06/10/freed-from-desire-il-chega-de-smart-a-bruxelas-cotrim-ao-volante-ana-martins-a-pendura/381883/ |publisher=[[Rádio Renascença]] |language=pt |access-date=2026-05-14 |archive-date=2024-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715005032/https://rr.sapo.pt/noticia/politica/2024/06/10/freed-from-desire-il-chega-de-smart-a-bruxelas-cotrim-ao-volante-ana-martins-a-pendura/381883/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/home Wasifu rasmi katika tovuti ya Bunge la Ulaya] * [https://iniciativaliberal.pt/ Tovuti ya Chama cha Iniciativa Liberal] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1985||Martins, Ana Vasconcelos}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ureno] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] sbuvmz7x86be18201wcxnhjfmqdpysv 0 234683 1548081 1542403 2026-05-22T06:27:46Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548081 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Paula Mecheiro de Almeida Martins Silvestre Correia''' (alizaliwa 4 Novemba 1965) ni mfamasia na mwanasiasa wa [[Ureno]] wa [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). Tangu mwaka 2024, anahudumu kama **Waziri wa Afya** katika serikali ya XXIV ya Ureno chini ya Waziri Mkuu [[Luís Montenegro]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quem é Ana Paula Martins, a nova ministra da Saúde que cita Churchill e procura consensos? |url=https://cnnportugal.iol.pt/novos-ministros/novo-governo/quem-e-ana-paula-martins-a-nova-ministra-da-saude-que-cita-churchill-e-procura-consensos/20240328/6605ab79d34ebf9bbb3bd7a8 |access-date=2024-04-13 |website=CNN Portugal |language=pt}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc24/governo/ministros/saude Wasifu rasmi katika tovuti ya Serikali ya Ureno]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://www.ordemfarmaceuticos.pt/ Tovuti ya Chama cha Wafamasia wa Ureno] {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965||Martins, Ana Paula}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Ureno]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e4hz45edkwcoxdg1oc4gofd0dn8j6fr 0 234696 1548078 1542421 2026-05-22T06:22:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548078 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ana Birchall''' (jina la kuzaliwa '''Ana Călin'''; alizaliwa 30 Agosti 1973) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Tangu mwaka 2012, amefanya kazi kama mbunge wa mkoa wa [[Vaslui County|Vaslui]] akiwakilisha [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic]] (PSD). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.anabirchall.ro/ Tovuti Rasmi ya Ana Birchall] * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&leg=2012 Wasifu katika Baraza la Manaibu]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1973||Birchall, Ana}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o83m99jggumll44m1e7e01p735qnwlj 0 234697 1548086 1542422 2026-05-22T06:40:33Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548086 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anca-Daniela Boagiu''' (alizaliwa 30 Novemba 1968) ni mhandisi na mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa [[Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Chama cha Kidemokrasia cha Kiliberali]] (PDL), alifanya kazi kama mbunge katika Baraza la Manaibu (2000–2008) na baadaye kama Seneta (2008–2016) akiwakilisha mji wa [[Bucharest]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&cam=2&leg=2000 Wasifu rasmi bungeni] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=32&cam=2&leg=2000 |date=20240621121755 }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1968||Boagiu, Anca}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qa5lu4i7avncfd108hpah5jnc1v1q70 0 234723 1548134 1542462 2026-05-22T08:32:29Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548134 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ariadna-Elena Cîrligeanu''' (alizaliwa 8 Mei 2001) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] ambaye tangu mwaka 2024 amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu. Ni mwanachama wa chama cha Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR). Ariadna anashikilia rekodi ya kuwa **mbunge kijana zaidi** katika Bunge la Romania kwa sasa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=48&leg=2024 Wasifu rasmi bungeni]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|2001||Cirligeanu, Ariadna-Elena}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] hxd2xwy0j51xyh13iy6xrmd3u2gjluy 0 234726 1548088 1542465 2026-05-22T06:42:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548088 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anca Dana Paliu Dragu''' (alizaliwa 3 Mei 1972) ni mwanasiasa na mtaalamu wa uchumi kutoka [[Romania]]. Ameweka historia kama mwanamke wa kwanza kushika nyadhifa kadhaa za juu za kifedha na kisiasa katika kanda hiyo, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuwa Rais wa Seneti ya Romania na Gavana wa Benki Kuu ya Moldova. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.senat.ro/FisaSenator.aspx?ID=3351 Wasifu katika Seneti ya Romania] * [https://www.bnm.md/en/content/governor-national-bank-moldova Tovuti ya Benki Kuu ya Moldova]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1972||Dragu, Anca Dana Paliu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jir7io7t6sqlpzq7qu9qciubeazht11 0 234731 1548147 1542473 2026-05-22T09:04:28Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548147 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Astrid Cora Fodor''' (alizaliwa 6 Novemba 1953) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kutoka jamii ya wachache ya Wajerumani (Saxons). Tangu mwaka 2014, amekuwa alifanya kazi kama Meya wa mji wa [[Sibiu]] (kwa [[Kijerumani]]: ''Hermannstadt''). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.primariasibiu.ro/ Wasifu katika tovuti rasmi ya Jiji la Sibiu] {{Wayback|url=https://www.primariasibiu.ro/ |date=20201027115932 }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1953||Fodor, Astrid Cora}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hoadfvffiocc00qs5zf3ggatrdnlbx9 0 234732 1548085 1543814 2026-05-22T06:35:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548085 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anamaria Gavrilă''' (alizaliwa 15 Oktoba 1983) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] na mwanzilishi wa chama cha [[Party of Young People]] (POT). Tangu mwaka 2020, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa Hunedoara.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&leg=2020&cam=2|title=Anamaria Gavrilă|publisher=Chamber of Deputies|language=ro|accessdate=2026-05-14|archive-date=2024-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806134500/https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&cam=2&leg=2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=118&leg=2020 Wasifu katika Baraza la Manaibu la Romania]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1983||Gavrila, Anamaria}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dz1r3syd555zevhiv88uroweb4pl7y3 0 234738 1548043 1542481 2026-05-22T05:11:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548043 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexandra Huțu''' (alizaliwa 9 Septemba 1988) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Romania]] kupitia Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Chama cha Social Democratic (PSD). Tangu mwaka 2021, amekuwa mbunge katika Chamber of Deputies (Romania)|Baraza la Manaibu akiwakilisha mkoa wa [[Botoșani County|Botoșani]]. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura2015.mp?idm=341&leg=2020 Wasifu rasmi bungeni]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} katika tovuti ya Baraza la Manaibu la Romania. {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988||Hutu, Alexandra}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] sl8ey9tu16krs8d8l30wf0obcz44nwf 0 234757 1548211 1542504 2026-05-22T10:47:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548211 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bellaetrix Manuputty''' (alizaliwa 11 Oktoba 1988) ni mchezaji wa badminton kutoka Indonesia.<ref name="PBSI - Bellaetrix Manuputty Biografi">{{cite web |url=[http://www.badmintonindonesia.org/app/profile/timnas.aspx?id=000000602](http://www.badmintonindonesia.org/app/profile/timnas.aspx?id=000000602) |title=Bellaetrix Manuputty Biografi |publisher=[[Chama cha Badminton cha Indonesia]] |accessdate=28 September 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1988|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Indonesia]] [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Indonesia]] eow32pv2jhlxi2z9nir1lxe3oglkru0 0 235131 1548261 1543556 2026-05-22T11:24:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548261 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Auguste Kouemo Yanghu''' (alizaliwa [[1976]] mjini Yaoundé, Kamerun) ni mtengenezaji wa filamu, [[mwandishi]] wa filamu na mwigizaji kutoka [[Kamerun]]. Alitengeneza filamu fupi na video nyingi, na akashinda tuzo kwa filamu yake fupi ya Waramutseho!(Bonjour!), 2008 kuhusu mauaji ya kimbari ya [[Rwanda]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Africiné - Bernard Auguste Kouemo Yanghu|url=https://www.africine.org/personne/bernard-auguste-kouemo-yanghu/17783|work=Africiné|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr|archive-date=2025-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250527225750/https://www.africine.org/personne/bernard-auguste-kouemo-yanghu/17783|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Africiné - Auguste Bernard Kouemo Yanghu, réalisateur de Waramutsého!|url=https://www.africine.org/entretien/auguste-bernard-kouemo-yanghu-realisateur-de-waramutseho/8906|work=Africiné|accessdate=2026-05-14|language=fr|archive-date=2025-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251221134140/https://www.africine.org/entretien/auguste-bernard-kouemo-yanghu-realisateur-de-waramutseho/8906|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Auguste Bernard Kouemo Yanghu - Unifrance|url=https://en.unifrance.org/directories/person/360362/auguste-bernard-kouemo-yanghu|work=en.unifrance.org|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3561379/|work=www.imdb.com|accessdate=2026-05-14}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:waigizaji filamu wa Kamerun]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] n4ojmro09lhaxvga98um34njzqeh0m4 0 235234 1547921 1543396 2026-05-22T00:50:16Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547921 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yassine Brahim''' (Kiarabu: ياسين إبراهيم; amezaliwa 20 Februari 1966 katika Mahdia) ni mhandisi, meneja na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Yassine Brahim {{!}} Afek Tounes|url=http://www.afektounes.tn:80/Fr/yassine-brahim_11_102|work=Afek Tounes|access-date=2026-05-15}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ni kiongozi wa chama cha kiliberali na kisekula cha Afek Tounes. Aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Maendeleo, Uwekezaji na Ushirikiano wa Kimataifa mwezi Februari 2015. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ncepvw4deizemne6icg4cewfqgk2fv9 0 235609 1547824 1544291 2026-05-21T18:25:25Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547824 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Toni-Ann Singh''' (alizaliwa [[Februari 1]], [[1996]]) ni [[mwanamitindo]] mshikilia taji la urembo wa [[Jamaika]] aliyeshinda [[Miss World]] mwaka [[2019]]. Yeye pia ndiye mshindi aliyekaa kwenye kiti kwa muda mrefu zaidi katika historia ya shindano hilo. Alitawazwa tarehe [[14 Desemba]] 2019 huko [[London]], [[Uingereza]] na mtangulizi wake Miss World [[2018]], [[Vanessa Ponce]] wa Meksiko.Singh ni mwanamke wa Jamaika wa nne kushika taji hilo, baada ya [[Lisa Hanna]] ([[1993]]).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://gulfnews.com/photos/who-is-miss-world-2019-toni-ann-singh-1.1576398972301|title=Who is Miss World 2019 Toni-Ann Singh?|last=Tusing |first=David|date=15 December 2019|website=Gulf News|access-date=16 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://heavy.com/entertainment/2019/12/toni-ann-singh-miss-world-2019/|title=Toni-Ann Singh, Miss World 2019: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|date=14 December 2019|publisher=Heavy|access-date=14 December 2019|archive-date=2019-12-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214182501/https://heavy.com/entertainment/2019/12/toni-ann-singh-miss-world-2019/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Wanawake wa Jamaika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1996]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamitindo wa Jamaika]] ivmdo0m8g0ghoxe5dlmyzo4x1harlil 0 235713 1547920 1544702 2026-05-22T00:42:49Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547920 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yamoussa Camara''' (amezaliwa takriban 1953) ni mwanajeshi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa Mali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Malijet Général Yamoussa Camara Bamako Mali|url=http://malijet.com/people-mali/qui-est-qui-au-mali/qui-est-qui-en-politique/64992-general-yamoussa-camara.html|work=malijet.com|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2017-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415012242/http://malijet.com/people-mali/qui-est-qui-au-mali/qui-est-qui-en-politique/64992-general-yamoussa-camara.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] m8pc323ixb3aztrw8mk33y1pxzy5qex 0 235724 1547814 1544683 2026-05-21T18:11:35Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547814 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tiéna Coulibaly''' (amezaliwa 1952) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa Mali ambaye aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ulinzi katika serikali ya Mali kuanzia 2017 hadi 2020. Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa Waziri wa Fedha kuanzia 1988 hadi 1991, na tena kuanzia 2012 hadi 2013. Coulibaly aliondolewa madarakani wakati wa mapinduzi ya kijeshi ya Mali ya mwaka 2020 na nafasi yake kuchukuliwa na Kanali Sadio Camara.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ministère de l'Economie et des Finances|url=http://www.finances.gouv.ml/contenu_page.aspx?pa=22|work=www.finances.gouv.ml|accessdate=2026-05-16|archive-date=2011-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915025150/http://www.finances.gouv.ml/contenu_page.aspx?pa=22|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] obvqkyxeytk1hm59htpu5597qw86pw1 0 235743 1547940 1544703 2026-05-22T01:46:36Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547940 wikitext text/x-wiki Zeïni Moulaye (amezaliwa 1954) ni mwanasiasa wa Mali. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Mali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Faites connaissances avec les nouveaux ministres de la transition du Mali – MALI 24 INFO|url=https://mali24.info/faites-connaissances-avec-les-nouveaux-ministres-de-la-transition-du-mali/|work=mali24.info|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=fr-FR|archive-date=2021-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525003159/https://mali24.info/faites-connaissances-avec-les-nouveaux-ministres-de-la-transition-du-mali/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] b9ykvi2f2g8kdqa50g7tjjlb3nz74d6 0 235767 1547894 1544694 2026-05-21T21:45:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547894 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victor Nyirenda''' (amezaliwa tar 23 Agosti 1988 mjini Blantyre) ni [[mchezaji]] wa mpira wa miguu wa [[Malawi]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Victor Nyirenda (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/33269/Victor_Nyirenda.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Maisha ya Soka Kwenye Klabu == Nyirenda alianza [[safari]] yake ya soka katika klabu ya ESCOM United na mnamo mwaka 2006 alijiunga na wapinzani wao wa ligi, MTL Wanderers. Baada ya kudumu na MTL Wanderers kwa muda wa miaka manne, alisaini [[mkataba]] na klabu ya APR Kigali ya nchini Rwanda mnamo Januari 2010. == Maisha ya Soka Kimataifa == Aliichezea timu ya taifa ya mpira wa miguu ya Malawi katika [[mashindano]] ya [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika (AFCON) mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Standard Bank of South Africa > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 > Orange AFCON, ANGOLA 2010 tournament > Team by team guide|url=http://afcon.standardbank.com/afcon_2010_teamguide.asp?teamid=37303|work=afcon.standardbank.com|accessdate=2026-05-16|author=TEQUILA\ Johannesburg|archive-date=2011-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123155440/http://afcon.standardbank.com/afcon_2010_teamguide.asp?teamid=37303|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Malawi]] 9b441xgmedykg1sy7g2ezel38305hbv 0 235824 1547813 1544682 2026-05-21T18:11:34Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547813 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tiémoko Sangaré''' (amezaliwa 1957) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Mali]] ambaye anahudumu kama Waziri wa Madini wa Mali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/ML.html|work=www.cia.gov|accessdate=2026-05-16|language=en|archive-date=2013-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004233701/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/ML.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jg68vjny6infyiaplwu1yhlg3zslfcm 0 235962 1547882 1545033 2026-05-21T20:44:09Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547882 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uthman Suleiman al-Megrahi''' <ref>{{Citation|title=Key figures in Libya's rebel council|date=2011-03-10|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12698562|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-17}}</ref>(Kiarabu: عثمان سليمان المقرحي) ni mwanachama wa zamani wa Baraza la Mpito la [[Taifa]] la [[Libya]] aliyewakilisha mji wa Batnan.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=National Transitional Council|url=http://www.ntclibya.com/InnerPage.aspx?SSID=7&ParentID=3&LangID=1|work=www.ntclibya.com|accessdate=2026-05-17|archive-date=2011-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522091355/http://www.ntclibya.com/InnerPage.aspx?SSID=7&ParentID=3&LangID=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Libya]] armrjztub6ris41ve9pdds1k6k673fy 0 235970 1548180 1544854 2026-05-22T09:56:54Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548180 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bakhti Belaïb''' (22 Agosti 1953 – 26 Januari 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Aljeria|Algeria]]. Alizaliwa Théniet El Had na alisoma katika Lycée Ferroukhi huko Miliana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bakhti Belaib’s body repatriated to Algeria {{!}} DZ Breaking|url=https://www.dzbreaking.com/2017/01/28/null-15098/|work=www.dzbreaking.com|accessdate=2026-05-17|language=en-US|author=dz breaking|archive-date=2023-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507200358/https://www.dzbreaking.com/2017/01/28/null-15098/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu katika Wizara ya Biashara ya Algeria mwaka 1982 na baadaye akawa Waziri wa Biashara mara mbili. Alifariki kutokana na saratani mjini Paris, Ufaransa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1953]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] h22zsnoucqlc22dr9cengp7zmppn11b 3 236030 1547916 1544930 2026-05-22T00:08:09Z Mfield 86615 Mfield alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Babacoote]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Propitheque]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Babacoote|Babacoote]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Propitheque|Propitheque]]" 1544930 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 17 Mei 2026 (UTC) 99x847gvxn9aqexmwwk29itlbfbgw0f 0 236384 1548019 1545728 2026-05-22T03:55:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548019 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Al-Alwani''' (Kiarabu: أحمد العلواني; alizaliwa 19 Agosti 1981) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayecheza kama kiungo mkabaji (defensive midfielder) katika klabu ya Ahly Benghazi. Yeye ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya, na aliitwa kwenye kikosi cha [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika 2012 kama mchezaji wa akiba.<ref>{{Citation|title=Libya squad for African Nations Cup finals|url=http://www.ghanavillage.com/showthread.php/13235-Libya-squad-for-African-Nations-Cup-finals|work=GhanaVillage.Com - Ghana Online Forum|language=en|access-date=2026-05-18|archive-date=2012-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529215353/http://www.ghanavillage.com/showthread.php/13235-Libya-squad-for-African-Nations-Cup-finals|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] 6isi8lfvc5pbhnkmxjrkjm27gd1xd60 0 236399 1547984 1545758 2026-05-22T02:45:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547984 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdelhamid Temmar''' (amezaliwa 24 Oktoba 1938) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Aljeria|Algeria]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=12 mars 2009 :: Stratégie industrielle : Ouyahia accuse Temmar de tromperie|url=http://www.elwatan.com/Dossier-lie-a-la-mise-en-place-d|work=www.elwatan.com|date=2009-03-12|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=fr|author=tech@netaktiv.com - Journal El Watan - Madjid Makedhi|archive-date=2009-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316133421/http://www.elwatan.com/Dossier-lie-a-la-mise-en-place-d|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Uwekezaji katika serikali ya Abdelaziz Belkhadem, na kuanzia Juni 2008 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Viwanda na Uhamasishaji wa Uwekezaji chini ya Waziri Mkuu Ahmed Ouyahia. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] 2yzslo6rqzov7qe5c5x8dv3i1gnk6i4 0 236410 1548033 1546118 2026-05-22T04:29:24Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548033 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Alain Kassanda.jpg|thumb|Alain Kassanda katika uonyeshaji wa mara ya kwanza nchini Nigeria wa filamu ya ''Coconut Head Generation'' kwenye klabu ya filamu ya TFS katika Chuo kikuu Cha Ibadan]] '''Alain Kassanda''' ni mtengenezaji wa filamu, mkurugenzi wa [[filamu]] na mtunzi wa sinema kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], aliye mwanzilishi wa Ajímatí Films.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alain Kassanda - Unifrance|url=https://en.unifrance.org/directories/person/452365/alain-kassanda|work=en.unifrance.org|accessdate=2026-05-18}}</ref> Anajulikana kwa filamu zake za makala zinazosifika sana kama Trouble Sleep (2020), Colette & Justin (2022), na Coconut Head Generation (2023). == Maisha ya awali == Alizaliwa [[Kinshasa]] lakini aliondoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] kwenda [[Ufaransa]] akiwa na umri wa miaka 11. Baada ya kusomea mawasiliano, alianza kuandaa maonyesho ya filamu na matamasha kadhaa ya filamu katika kumbi mbalimbali za sinema za jijini [[Paris]] mwaka 2003, na alikuwa mtayarishaji wa filamu wa ukumbi wa sinema wa Les 39 Marches huko [[Sevran]], karibu na Paris, kwa miaka mitano.Baadae alihamia mji uitwao Ibadan mwaka 2015, ambapo aliandaa filamu yake ya kwanza ya urefu wa kati. == Kazi, utambuzi na tuzo == Kazi za Kassanda zimekuwa zikioneshwa katika matamasha makubwa ya filamu kote ulimwenguni, ikiwa ni pamoja na Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu za Makala [[Amsterdam]] (IDFA), Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu na Jukwaa la Haki za Binadamu (FIFDH [[Geneva]]), Tamasha la Filamu za Kiafrika la [[Jiji la New York|New York]], Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Jean Rouch, Paris; Tamasha la Filamu la Afrika, huko jijini Cologne; Tamasha la Sinema za Kiafrika (FCAT), Biografilms huko [[Bologna]], Tamasha la filamu za makala huko [[London]], katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Columbia]], Tamasha la Filamu la Maison Française, ni miongoni mwa mengine.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Across Generations: Colette and Justin {{!}} Event|url=https://sofheyman.org/events/colette-and-justin|work=SOF/Heyman|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=20 años de cine africano en Tarifa|url=https://elpais.com/planeta-futuro/2023-04-30/20-anos-de-cine-africano-en-tarifa.html|work=El País|date=2023-04-30|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=es|author=Ana Carbajosa}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Coconut Head Generation - Open City Documentary Festival|url=https://opencitylondon.com/events/coconut-head-generation/|work=Open City Documentary Festival|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-18}}</ref> Kazi ya kwanza ya Kassanda, iliyoitwa ''Trouble Sleep'', ilipokea Tuzo ya Golden Dove katika kipengele cha Filamu Fupi Bora katika tamasha la kimataifa la DOK Leipzig kwa filamu ya makala na katuni mnamo mwaka 2020 na kutajwa kipekee na majaji katika Tamasha la Cinéma du Réel.<ref>{{Cite web|title=“Downstream to Kinshasa” wins Golden Dove in International Competition Long Film at DOK Leipzig {{!}} DOK Leipzig|url=https://www.dok-leipzig.de/en/presse/1604232000-142020|work=www.dok-leipzig.de|date=2020-11-01|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Trouble Sleep · DOK Leipzig|url=https://www.dok-leipzig.de/en/film/trouble-sleep|work=www.dok-leipzig.de|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alain Kassanda|url=http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_liste_generique/C_113890_F|work=www.film-documentaire.fr|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=fr|author=Film-documentaire.fr}}</ref> Filamu hiyo ilionyeshwa katika Mfululizo wa Filamu za Mipango Miji katika Taasisi ya Teknolojia ya [[Massachusetts]] mnamo mwezi Oktoba 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trouble Sleep with Alain Kassanda {{!}} DUSP|url=https://dusp.mit.edu/events/trouble-sleep-alain-kassanda|work=dusp.mit.edu|accessdate=2026-05-18}}</ref> Katika tamasha la FIFDH Geneva mwaka 2023, kazi ya pili ya Kassanda na filamu ya kwanza ya urefu kamili, iliyoitwa ''Colette na Justin (2022)'', ambayo inakumbusha uzoefu wa babu na bibi yake chini ya [[ukoloni]] wa [[Ubelgiji]] pamoja na mapambano ya uzalendo ya kudai uhuru wa Kongo, ilishinda Tuzo ya Gilda Vieira De Mello katika Shindano la Filamu za makala za Ubunifu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aurora's Sunrise and Beyond the Wall emerge victorious at FIFDH|url=https://cineuropa.org/en/newsdetail/440072/|work=Cineuropa - the best of european cinema|date=2023-03-20|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en}}</ref><ref>[https://www.euronews.com/culture/2023/03/20/armenian-production-auroras-sunrise-wins-grand-prize-at-fifdh Armenian production 'Aurora's Sunrise' wins Grand Prize at FIFDH | Euronews]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Decolonising African cinema in the time of Netflix|url=https://africanarguments.org/2023/08/decolonizing-african-cinema-in-the-time-of-netflix/|work=African Arguments|date=2023-08-21|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en-GB|author=Ana Carbajosa}}</ref> Filamu hiyo ilionyeshwa kwa mara ya kwanza katika tamasha la IDFA, na ilichaguliwa kuwania Tuzo ya IDFA katika Kipengele cha Filamu bora ya Kwanza ya urefu kamili na Tuzo ya Beeld en Geluid IDFA ReFrame.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Colette and Justin (2022) {{!}} IDFA Archive|url=https://www.idfa.nl/en/film/744ebc0f-2816-4982-b79d-a3f70e1f4f59/colette-and-justin|work=IDFA|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en|author=Oberon Amsterdam www.oberon.nl}}</ref> Filamu hiyo pia ilipata pongezi maalum kutoka kwa majaji katika Tamasha la Biografilms.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biografilm|url=https://www.biografilm.it/en/|work=www.biografilm.it|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en}}</ref> Mnamo Septemba 2023, filamu hiyo (''Colette & Justin)'' ilitangazwa kuwa mshindi wa Tuzo ya Filamu ya Chama cha Masomo ya Kiafrika ya mwaka 2023, na itakuwa ikionyeshwa katika mkutano wa kila mwaka wa chama hicho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2023 ASA Awardees & Finalists|url=https://africanstudies.org/awards-prizes-asa/2023-asa-awardees-finalists/|work=African Studies Association Portal - ASA|date=2023-09-29|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en-US|author=Alix Saba}}</ref> Kazi ya hivi karibuni ya Kassanda, ''Coconut Head Generation (2023)'', ilichaguliwa kuoneshwa katika tamasha la Waongozaji Wapya/Filamu Mpya katika Kituo cha Lincoln na Jumba la Makumbusho la Sanaa ya Kisasa. Katika Tamasha la Cinéma du Réel ya 2023, filamu hiyo ilishinda Tuzo Kuu na Pongezi Maalum kwa ajili ya Tuzo ya Clarens ya utengenezaji wa Filamu za Makala ya Kiutu.<ref>{{Citation|title=New Directors/New Films 2023|url=https://www.filmlinc.org/ndnf-2023-splash/|work=Film at Lincoln Center|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-18|archive-date=2023-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003180755/https://www.filmlinc.org/ndnf-2023-splash/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=cinereel|title=Award list {{!}} 45th edition • Cinéma du Réel|date=2023-04-02|url=https://www.cinemadureel.org/en/awards-45e-edition/|work=Cinéma du Réel|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-18|archive-date=2023-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003180756/https://www.cinemadureel.org/en/awards-45e-edition/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Cinéma du réel crowns Coconut Head Generation and Up the River With Acid as its champions|url=https://cineuropa.org/en/newsdetail/440559/|work=Cineuropa - the best of european cinema|date=2023-04-03|accessdate=2026-05-18|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Kinshasa]] [[Jamii:watengenezaji filamu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] r403b1fb7dsvmvbt361ab0fg5rx1z2j 0 236476 1547897 1545905 2026-05-21T21:59:10Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Deaths in month lead}} ==Januari 2026== ===1=== *[[Stuart Altman]], 88, Mchumi wa Marekani.<ref>[https://www.hudsonfuneralhome.com/obituaries/stuart-altman Stuart Harold Altman]</ref> *[[Marat Amankulov]], 55, Mwanasiasa wa Kyrgyzstan, Mbunge wa [[Baraza Kuu (Kyrgyzstan)|Supreme Council]] (2015–2021).<ref>[https://akipress.com/news:871212:Former_Speaker_of_Bishkek_City_Council_Marat_Amankulov_passes_away/ Former Speaker of Bishkek City Council Marat Amankulov passes away]</ref> *[[Yvan Aumont]], 87, Mhandisi na mwandishi wa habari wa Ufaransa (''[[Lys rouge]]'').<ref>[https://www.actionfrancaise.net/2026/01/03/communique-daction-francaise-un-camelot-du-roi-exemplaire/ Communiqué d'Action française – Un camelot du roi exemplaire] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Alan Baker (mchezaji mpira)|Alan Baker]], 81, Mchezaji mpira wa Uingereza ([[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]]).<ref>[https://www.expressandstar.com/sport/2026/01/04/walsall-confirm-death-of-former-saddlers-and-aston-villa-creative-favourite-alan-baker/ Walsall confirm death of former Saddlers and Aston Villa creative favourite Alan Baker]</ref> *[[Allyn Bromley]], 97, Msanii wa sanaa za uoni na mwalimu wa sanaa wa Marekani.<ref>[https://www.oahumortuary.com/obituaries/Allyn-Bromley-Baron?obId=46910430 Allyn Bromley-Baron]</ref> *[[Xesús Cañedo]], 67, Mwanasiasa wa Hispania, mwanzilishi mwenza wa chama cha [[Partíu Asturianista]].<ref>[https://www.elcomercio.es/obituarios/fallece-xesus-canedo-referente-asturianismo-politico-cultural-20260101184030-nt.html Fallece Xesús Cañedo, referente del asturianismo político y cultural] {{in lang|es}}</ref> *[[Lana Chornohorska]], 26, Askari wa Ukraine.<ref>[https://24tv.ua/lana-chornogorska-zaginula-fronti-1-sichnya-2026-shho-vidomo_n2982033 "Це велика втрата": na fronti zagynula operatorka droniv i mystkynya Lana Chornohorska] {{in lang|uk}}</ref> *[[Diane Crump]], 77, Mpanda farasi na mkufunzi wa farasi wa Marekani, glioblastoma.<ref>[https://www.lex18.com/news/covering-kentucky/diane-crump-the-first-female-jockey-to-run-the-kentucky-derby-dies-at-77 Diane Crump, the first female jockey to race in the Kentucky Derby, dies at 77]</ref> *[[Nexhat Daci]], 81, Mwanasiasa wa Kosovo, Kaimu [[Rais wa Kosovo]] (2006) na [[Spika wa Bunge la Kosovo]] (2001–2006).<ref>[https://telegrafi.com/figura-e-shquar-e-politikes-dhe-shkences-lideret-politike-shprehin-dhimbjen-dhe-mirenjohje-per-nexhat-dacin/ Figura e shquar e politikës dhe shkencës - liderët politikë shprehin dhimbjen dhe mirënjohjen për Nexhat Dacin] {{in lang|sq}}</ref> *[[Brian Doyle (mwandishi wa Kanada)|Brian Doyle]], 90, Mwandishi wa Kanada.<ref>[https://ca.news.yahoo.com/brian-doyle-celebrated-ottawa-author-201928651.html Brian Doyle, celebrated Ottawa author, dies at age 90]</ref> *[[Yehezkel Dror]], 97, Mwanasayansi wa siasa wa Israeli mzaliwa wa Austria.<ref>[https://kula.co.il/news/71762 פרופסور יחזקאל דרור, חתן פרס ישראל, מת בגיל 98] {{in lang|he}}</ref> *[[Imants Freibergs]], 91, Mwanasayansi wa kompyuta wa Latvia, [[Wenza wa Marais wa Latvia|First Gentleman]] (1999–2007).<ref>[https://eng.lsm.lv/article/politics/diplomacy/01.01.2026-ex-president-vike-freibergas-husband-imants-freibergs-dies.a628374/ Ex-president Vīķe-Freiberga's husband Imants Freibergs dies]</ref> *[[James Grauerholz]], 72, Mwandishi wa Marekani, nimonia.<ref>[https://simonwarner.substack.com/p/obituary-8-james-grauerholz%20Obituary%20#8:%20James%20Grauerholz] Obituary #8: James Grauerholz</ref> *[[Mohammed Harbi]], 92, Mwanahistoria wa Algeria.<ref>[https://ultraalgeria.ultrasawt.com/وفاة-مؤرخ-الثورة-الجزائرية-محمد-حربي/فريق-التحرير/أخبار وفاة مؤرخ الثورة الجزائرية محمد حربي] {{in lang|ar}}</ref> *[[Huang Dongbi]], 86, Mwanadiplomasia wa China.<ref>[https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_32316978 中国驻瓦努阿图原大使、驻美国芝加哥原总领事黄东璧逝世] {{in lang|zh}}</ref> *[[Morris Kahn]], 95, Mtendaji wa sekta ya mawasiliano wa Israeli mzaliwa wa Afrika Kusini, mwanzilishi wa [[Golden Pages]], [[Amdocs]] na [[Aurec Group]].<ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/billionaire-philanthropist-morris-kahn-dies-at-age-95/ Billionaire philanthropist Morris Kahn dies at 95]</ref> *[[Harvey C. Krautschun]], 76, Mwanasiasa wa Marekani, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la South Dakota]] (1985–1996).<ref>[https://www.fidler-isburgfuneralchapels.com/obituaries/harvey-krautschun Harvey C. Krautschun]</ref> *[[Hiroshi Kume]], 81, Mtangazaji wa televisheni wa Japani, saratani ya mapafu.<ref>[https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20260113/p2a/00m/0et/002000c Famed TV presenter Hiroshi Kume passes away at 81]</ref> *[[John Langdon (mchoraji chapa)|John Langdon]], 79, Mchoraji chapa na mbunifu wa picha wa Marekani.<ref>[https://punyamishra.com/2026/01/04/remembering-john-langdon/ Remembering John Langdon]</ref> *[[Arno Liiver]], 71, Muigizaji wa Estonia (''[[Spring (filamu ya 1969)|Spring]]'', ''[[Summer (filamu ya 1976)|Summer]]'', ''[[Autumn (filamu ya 1990)|Autumn]]'').<ref>[https://kultuur.err.ee/1609899628/suri-arno-talit-kehastanud-naitleja-arno-liiver Suri Arno Talit kehastanud näitleja Arno Liiver] {{in lang|et}}</ref> *[[Arnold Long]], 85, Mchezaji kriketi wa Uingereza ([[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]], [[Marylebone Cricket Club|MCC]], [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]]), saratani.<ref>[https://www.kiaoval.com/arnold-long-1940-2026-obituary/ Arnold Long (1940-2026) - Obituary]</ref> *[[Volodymyr Marchenko]], 103, Mwanahisabati wa Ukraine ([[Mlinganyo wa Marchenko|Marchenko equation]], [[Mgawanyo wa Marchenko–Pastur|Marchenko–Pastur distribution]]).<ref>[https://www.nas.gov.ua/news/z-glibokim-sumom-spovishchayemo-shcho-1-sichnya-cr-na-104-mu-roci-pishov-iz-zhittya-vidatniy-ukranskiy-matematik-ta-organizator-nauki-akademik-nan-ukrani-volodimir-oleksandrovich-marchenko З глибоким сумом сповіщаємо, що 1 січня ц.р. на 104-му році пішов із життя видатний український математик та організатор науки academician of the NAS of Ukraine Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Marchenko] {{in lang|uk}}</ref> *[[Hélio Mauro]], 83, Mwanasiasa wa Brazil, [[Baraza la Wana-depute (Brazil)|deputy]] (1975–1978), [[Orodha ya mameya wa Goiânia|Meya wa Goiânia]] (1978–1979), mshituko wa moyo.<ref>[https://anapolis.tribunadoplanalto.com.br/ex-prefeito-de-goiania-na-decada-de-1970-helio-mauro-umbelino-lobo-morre-em-anapolis Ex-prefeito de Goiânia na década de 1970, Hélio Mauro Umbelino Lobo morre em Anápolis] {{in lang|pt}}</ref> *[[Paul McCullagh Jr.]], 25, Bondia wa Ireland ya Kaskazini, saratani ya mifupa.<ref>[https://www.nationalworld.com/sport/other-sport/paul-mccullagh-jr-boxer-dies-age-25-father-confirms-heartbreaking-cause-of-death-5461203 Paul McCullagh Jr: Boxer dies age 25 as father confirms heartbreaking cause of death]</ref> *[[Colin McDonald (mchezaji mpira, alizaliwa 1930)|Colin McDonald]], 95, Mchezaji mpira wa Uingereza ([[Burnley F.C.|Burnley]], [[Oxford United F.C.|Headington United]], [[Timu ya taifa ya mpira ya Uingereza|timu ya taifa]]).<ref>[https://www.burnleyexpress.net/sport/football/burnley-pay-tribute-to-their-former-great-and-england-goalkeeper-colin-mcdonald-5463161 Burnley pay tribute to their former great and England goalkeeper Colin McDonald]</ref> *[[Enric Mestre]], 89, Mchongaji sanamu wa Hispania.<ref>[https://www.abc.es/espana/comunidad-valenciana/fallece-anos-enric-mestre-referente-mundial-ceramica-20260101195353-nt.html Fallece a los 89 años Enric Mestre, referente mundial de la cerámica] {{in lang|es}}</ref> *[[Mukhsin Mukhamadiev]], 59, Mchezaji mpira wa Tajikistan na Urusi ([[Timu ya taifa ya mpira ya Tajikistan|timu ya taifa ya Tajikistan]], [[Timu ya taifa ya mpira ya Urusi|timu ya taifa ya Urusi]]) na kocha (timu ya taifa ya Tajikistan).<ref>[https://tass.ru/sport/26070203 Умер бывший футболист "Спартака" Мухсин Мухамадиев] {{in lang|ru}}</ref> *[[James Munby|Sir James Munby]], 77, Jaji wa Uingereza, [[Rais wa Kitengo cha Familia cha Mahakama Kuu]] (2013–2018), mshituko wa moyo.<ref>[https://www.judiciary.uk/death-of-sir-james-munby/ Death of Sir James Munby]</ref> *[[Hubertus von Pilgrim]], 94, Mchongaji sanamu wa Ujerumani.<ref>[https://www.sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/landkreismuenchen/hubertus-von-pilgrim-tod-bildhauer-muenchen-todesmarsch-mahnmal-li.3363292 Skulpteur der Erinnerung] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Gregory de Polnay]], 82, Muigizaji wa Uingereza (''[[Dixon of Dock Green]]'', ''[[Doctor Who]]'', ''[[Howards' Way]]'').<ref>[https://www.simplifia.fr/avis-de-deces/gregory-peter-de-polnay-poitiers Monsieur Gregory, Peter de Polnay]</ref> *[[Karen Poutasi|Dame Karen Poutasi]], 76, Afisa wa afya ya jamii wa New Zealand, [[Wizara ya Afya (New Zealand)|Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Afya]] (1995–2006).<ref>[https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/583060/dame-karen-poutasi-first-female-director-general-of-health-dies-aged-76 Dame Karen Poutasi, first female director-general of health, dies aged 76]</ref> *[[Candy Raymond]], 75, Muigizaji wa kike wa Australia (''[[Don's Party (filamu)|Don's Party]]'', ''[[Number 96 (kipindi cha TV)|Number 96]]'', ''[[Prisoner (kipindi cha TV)|Prisoner]]'').<ref>[https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-life/celebrity-deaths/tributes-paid-to-australian-actor-candy-raymond-who-has-died-aged-75/news-story/39b6ff45f0e2a8eec3a17788621b6bc6 Tributes paid to Australian actor Candy Raymond who has died aged 75]</ref> (tangazo la kifo katika tarehe hii) *[[Amit Saar]], 47, Afisa wa ujasusi wa Israeli, mkuu wa [[Kitengo cha Utafiti (Aman)|Military Intelligence Research Department]] (2020–2024), saratani ya ubongo.<ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/amit-saar-top-idf-intelligence-officer-on-oct-7-dies-of-cancer-at-47/amp/ Amit Saar, top IDF intelligence officer on Oct. 7, dies of cancer at 47]</ref> *[[Roland Schäfer]], 76, Mwanasiasa wa Ujerumani, meya wa [[Bergkamen]] (1998–2020).<ref>[https://www.wa.de/lokales/bergkamen/31-jahre-fuer-die-stadt-frueherer-buergermeister-roland-schaefer-gestorben-bergkamen-94105418.html 31 Jahre für Bergkamen: Früherer Bürgermeister Roland Schäfer gestorben] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Serafim Shyngo-Ya-Hombo]], 80, Kiongozi wa Kanisa Katoliki wa Angola, askofu msaidizi wa [[Jimbo Kuu la Luanda|Luanda]] (1990–1992) na askofu wa [[Jimbo la Mbanza Congo|Mbanza Congo]] (1992–2008).<ref>[https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bshyh.html Bishop Serafim Shyngo-Ya-Hombo, O.F.M. Cap. †]</ref> *[[Margaret Anne Staggers]], 79, Mwanasiasa wa Marekani, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wajumbe la West Virginia]] (2007–2014).<ref>[https://www.lootpress.com/former-fayette-county-delegate-and-physician-dr-margaret-staggers-has-passed-away/ Former Fayette County delegate and physician Dr. Margaret Staggers has passed away]</ref> *[[Hessy Levinsons Taft]], 91, Mwanakemia na mwanamitindo mtoto wa Ujerumani.<ref>[https://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-woman-whose-baby-photo-was-chosen-by-goebbels-as-aryan-exemplar-dies-at-91/ Jewish woman whose baby photo was chosen by Goebbels as Aryan exemplar dies at 91]</ref> *[[Linda S. Wilson]], 89, Mtaalamu wa usimamizi wa kitaaluma wa Marekani, rais wa [[Chuo cha Radcliffe]] (1989–1999).<ref>[https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/legacyremembers/linda-wilson-memorial?id=60613372 Linda S. Wilson]</ref> *[[Ruben Yesayan]], 79, Rubani wa majaribio wa Urusi na Armenia.<ref>[https://www.mk.ru/politics/2026/01/01/umer-zasluzhennyy-letchikispytatel-ruben-esayan-kritikovavshiy-sukhoy-superdzhet.html Умер заслуженный летчик-испытатель Рубен Есаян, критиковавший «Сухой суперджет»] {{in lang|ru}}</ref> *[[Yuen Cheung-yan]], 68, Muigizaji wa Hong Kong (''[[The Miracle Fighters]]'', ''[[Drunken Tai Chi]]'', ''[[Flying Dagger]]''), mwongozaji, na mhusika wa mapambano (martial arts choreographer).<ref>[https://www.mirrormedia.mg/external/setn_1775096 港星病逝！享壽69歲 妻證實噩耗] {{in lang|zh}}</ref> *[[Valentin Zakharov]], 92, Mcheza rinking wa kuteleza kwenye barafu (figure skater) wa Urusi.<ref>[https://fsrussia.ru/news/novosti/ushel-iz-zhizni-pervyj-sovetskij-figurist-uchastnik-chempionatov-evropy-i-mira-zakharov-valentin-dmitrievich Ушел из жизни первый советский фигурист – участник чемпионатов Европы и мира Захаров Валентин Дмитриевич] {{in lang|ru}}</ref> ===2=== *[[Ritva Auvinen]], 93, Mwimbaji wa opera wa Finland.<ref>[https://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000011727190.html Ihana ja ihmeellinen karjalainen, muistelee Sinikka Sokka tätiään Ritva Auvista] {{in lang|fi}}</ref> *[[Ian Balding]], 87, Mkufunzi wa farasi wa Uingereza.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.racingpost.com/news/britain/ian-balding-legendary-trainer-of-mill-reef-dies-aged-87-a5bJS8j5ONlj/ |title=Ian Balding, legendary trainer of Mill Reef, dies aged 87 |accessdate=2026-05-19 |archive-date=2026-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260411140316/https://www.racingpost.com/news/britain/ian-balding-legendary-trainer-of-mill-reef-dies-aged-87-a5bJS8j5ONlj/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Sukumar Barua]], 87, Mshairi wa Bangladesh.<ref>[https://www.daily-sun.com/bangladesh/849368/rhymester-sukumar-barua-passes-away Rhymester Sukumar Barua passes away]</ref> *[[Bobby Baxter (mchezaji mpira, alizaliwa 1937)|Bobby Baxter]], 88, Mchezaji mpira wa Uingereza ([[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]], [[Darlington F.C.|Darlington]], [[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]]).<ref>[https://www.brightonandhovealbion.com/media-article/rip-bobby-baxter RIP Bobby Baxter]</ref> (tangazo la kifo katika tarehe hii) *[[Shyam Bihari Lal]], 60, Mwanasiasa wa India, Mbunge wa [[Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Uttar Pradesh|Uttar Pradesh MLA]] (tangu 2017), mshituko wa moyo.<ref>[https://www.indiatvnews.com/uttar-pradesh/bjp-mla-shyam-bihari-lal-passes-away-after-heart-attack-in-bareilly-cm-yogi-expresses-grief-reactions-latest-updates-2026-01-02-1024230 Shyam Bihari Lal, BJP MLA, dies in Bareilly a day after celebrating his 60th birthday, CM Yogi expresses grief]</ref> *[[Carmen Arnold Biucchi]], 78, Mtaalamu wa sarafu za kale (numismatist) na mwanaakiolojia wa Uswisi.<ref>[https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/newsplus/in-memoriam-carmen-arnold-biucchi-respected-numismatist-and-educator/ In memoriam: Carmen Arnold-Biucchi, respected numismatist and educator]</ref> *[[Dominique Bucchini]], 82, Mwanasiasa wa Ufaransa, Mbunge wa [[Orodha ya wabunge wa Bunge la Ulaya (1979–1984)|Bunge la Ulaya]] (1979–1984) na meya wa [[Sartène]] (1977–2001).<ref>[https://france3-regions.franceinfo.fr/corse/ancien-president-de-l-assemblee-de-corse-et-maire-de-sartene-dominique-bucchini-est-decede-3275588.html Ancien président de l'Assemblée de Corse et maire de Sartène, Dominique Bucchini est décédé] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Tony Carr (mpiga ngoma)|Tony Carr]], 98, Mpiga ngoma wa kurekodi (session drummer) na mpiga vyombo vya mdundo wa Malta ([[CCS (bendi)|CCS]], [[Hot Chocolate]]).<ref>[https://timesofmalta.com/article/tony-carr-pioneering-maltese-jazz-drummer-dies.1121949 Tony Carr, Maltese jazz drummer to the stars, dies aged 98]</ref> *[[Jean-Max Causse]], 85, Muigizaji wa Ufaransa (''[[I Stand Alone (filamu)|I Stand Alone]]'').<ref>[https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2026/01/07/jean-max-causse-exploitant-de-cinemas-et-grand-nom-de-la-cinephilie-parisienne-est-mort_6660907_3382.html Jean-Max Causse, exploitant de cinémas et grand nom de la cinéphilie parisienne, est mort] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Bohdan Chufus]], 75, Mwandishi wa habari, muigizaji na mwimbaji wa Ukraine.<ref>[https://intent.press/en/news/society/2026/odesa-reports-the-death-of-artist-bohdan-chufus Odesa reports the death of artist Bohdan Chufus]</ref> *[[Jenny Collins]], 83, Mtangazaji wa redio wa Uingereza ([[BBC Radio Merseyside]]).<ref>[https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/bbc-radio-merseyside-founding-member-33159202 BBC Radio Merseyside founding member dies as tributes paid]</ref> *[[Patrick Duffy (mwanasiasa wa Uingereza)|Sir Patrick Duffy]], 105, Mwanasiasa wa Uingereza, Mbunge wa [[Bunge la Uingereza]] (1963–1966, 1970–1992) na rais wa [[Baraza la Kibunge la NATO]] (1988–1990).<ref>[https://www.irishpost.com/news/sir-patrick-duffy-britains-oldest-living-former-mp-passes-away-at-the-age-of-105-302829 Sir Patrick Duffy, Britain's oldest living former MP, passes away at the age of 105]</ref> *[[Toshio Fujii]], 83, Mwanasiasa wa Japani, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Washauri]] (1998–2004), kufeli kwa moyo.<ref>[https://www.hokkaido-np.co.jp/article/1261959/ 藤井俊男さん死去 元民主党参院議員] {{in lang|ja}}</ref> *[[Francis Grant (mwanajeshi wa majini)|Francis Grant]], 101, Mwanajeshi wa majini wa Uingereza na mkongwe wa Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia.<ref>[https://www.the-gazette.co.uk/news/national/25747297.d-day-veteran-escorted-allied-troops-landing-normandy-dies-aged-101/ D-Day veteran who escorted allied troops landing in Normandy dies aged 101]</ref> *[[Stephen E. Haggerty]], 87, Mwanafizikia wa ardhi (geophysicist) wa Marekani.<ref>[https://www.miningweekly.com/article/diamond-legend-steve-haggerty-has-died-2026-01-05 Diamond legend Steve Haggerty has died]</ref> *[[Evan Hammond]], 45, Mtangazaji wa redio na mtangazaji wa michezo wa Kanada ([[CJAV-FM]]), kiharusi.<ref>[https://cheknews.ca/he-was-awesome-fans-grieve-death-of-beloved-island-radio-host-1297611/ 'He was awesome': Fans grieve death of beloved Island radio host]</ref> *[[Sidney Kibrick]], 97, Muigizaji wa Marekani (''[[Our Gang]]'').<ref>[https://extratv.com/2026/01/06/sidney-kibrick-last-of-the-our-gang-kids-dies-at-97/ Sidney Kibrick, Last of the 'Our Gang' Kids, Dies at 97]</ref> *[[Kristi Kiick]], 58, Msomi wa Marekani.<ref>[https://rtfoard.com/obituary/kristi-l-kiick/ Kristi L. Kiick]</ref> *[[Elbert Kimbrough]], 87, Mchezaji wa mpira wa Kimarekani (American football) ([[San Francisco 49ers]], [[Los Angeles Rams]], [[New Orleans Saints]]).<ref>[https://www.galesburg.com/obituaries/pils1375723 Elbert Leon Kimbrough]</ref> *[[Anna Kurek (mwanachama wa harakati za uasi)|Anna Kurek]], 96, Muuguzi wa Poland na mshiriki wa [[Uasi wa Warsaw]].<ref>[https://www.polskieradio.pl/395/7789/Artykul/3629594,anna-kurek-medic-of-the-1944-warsaw-uprising-has-died%20Anna%20Kurek,%20medic%20of%20the%201944%20Warsaw%20Uprising%20has%20died] Anna Kurek, medic of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising, has died</ref> *[[Paul C. Lambert]], 97, Mwanadiplomasia wa Marekani, balozi nchini [[Orodha ya mabalozi wa Marekani nchini Ecuador|Ecuador]] (1990–1992).<ref>[https://www.hotchkiss.org/post-page/~board/alumni-news/post/paul-lambert Paul Lambert '46, Former Trustee, Dies at 97]</ref> *[[Barbara Lawrence (meneja wa vipaji)|Barbara Lawrence]], 82, Meneja wa vipaji wa Marekani.<ref>[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/barbara-lawrence-dead-manager-hollywood-1236472853/ Barbara Lawrence, Longtime Manager in Hollywood, Dies at 82]</ref> *[[Johnny Legend]], 77, Mwanamuziki wa rockabilly, mtayarishaji wa filamu na meneja wa mieleka wa Marekani, kiharusi na kufeli kwa moyo.<ref>[https://www.f4wonline.com/news/daily-updates/daily-update-njpw-wrestle-kingdom-20-cmll-sin-salida-johnny-legend/ Daily Update: NJPW Wrestle Kingdom 20, CMLL Sin Salida, Johnny Legend]</ref> *[[Vladimir Lukić]], 92, Mwanasiasa wa Kiserbia wa Bosnia, [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Republika Srpska|Waziri Mkuu wa Republika Srpska]] (1993–1994).<ref>[https://www.unibl.org/sr/vesti/2026/01/preminuo-prof-vladimir-lukic Преминуо проф. Владимир Лукић] {{in lang|sr}}</ref> *[[David E. Mitchell]], 75, Mwanaharakati wa matibabu wa Marekani, mwanzilishi wa [[Patients for Affordable Drugs Now]], ugonjwa wa saratani ya damu (multiple myeloma).<ref>[https://cancerletter.com/obituary/20260109_5/ Patient advocate David Mitchell, 75, dies of multiple myeloma]</ref> *[[Ashok Gajanan Modak]], 85, Mwanasiasa and msomi wa India, Mbunge wa [[Baraza la Kutunga Sheria la Maharashtra|Maharashtra MLC]] (1994–2006).<ref>[https://www.ptinews.com/story/national/former-mlc-ashok-modak-passes-away-at-85/3243670 Former MLC Ashok Modak passes away at 85]</ref> *[[Con Pederson]], 91, Msanii wa madoido ya picha (visual effects) wa Marekani (''[[2001: A Space Odyssey]]'', ''[[Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back]]'', ''[[Garfield: The Movie]]'').<ref>[https://variety.com/2026/film/news/con-pederson-dead-2001-a-space-odyssey-1236624108/ Con Pederson, '2001: A Space Odyssey' Special Effects Supervisor, Dies at 91]</ref> *[[Valery Fyodorovich Plotnikov]], 82, Mpiga picha wa Urusi.<ref>[https://vecherka-spb.ru/2026/01/02/v-peterburge-umer-snimavshii-visotskogo-fotograf-valerii-plotnikov В Петербурге умер снимавший Высоцкого фотограф Валерий Плотников] {{in lang|ru}}</ref> *[[Tim Robertson]], 81, Muigizaji wa Australia mzaliwa wa Uingereza (''[[Chances (kipindi cha TV)|Chances]]'', ''[[Australia You're Standing In It]]'', ''[[Stingers (kipindi cha TV)|Stingers]]'').<ref>[https://tvtonight.com.au/2026/01/vale-tim-robertson.html Vale: Tim Robertson]</ref> (tangazo la kifo katika tarehe hii) *[[Lajos Rovátkay]], 92, Mpiga kinubi cha kale (harpsichordist) na mwanamuziki wa Ujerumani mzaliwa wa Hungary.<ref>[https://haydneum.com/rovatkay-lajostol-bucsuzunk/ Rovátkay Lajostól búcsúzunk] {{in lang|hu}}</ref> *[[Saleh Rusheidat]], 80, Mwanasiasa wa Jordan, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi (Jordan)|Baraza la Wawakilishi]] (1993–1997) na [[Baraza la Seneti (Jordan)|Seneti]] (tangu 2009).<ref>[https://pt1.petra.gov.jo/en/news/pm-mourns-former-deputy-prime-minister-minister-saleh-irshaidat PM Mourns Former Deputy Prime Minister, Minister Saleh Irshaidat]</ref> *[[Edith Renfrow Smith]], 111, Mtu aliyeishi miaka mingi sana (supercentenarian) wa Marekani.<ref>[https://chicago.suntimes.com/columnists/2026/01/04/edith-renfrow-smith-obit Edith Renfrow Smith, a 'memory keeper' and living link to history, dies at 111]</ref> *[[Phoenix Spicer]], 23, Mchezaji wa [[Sheria za Mpira wa miguu za Australia|mpira wa miguu wa Australia]] ([[North Melbourne Football Club|North Melbourne]]), aneurysm ya ubongo.<ref>[https://7news.com.au/sport/afl/former-afl-player-phoenix-spicer-dies-as-heartbroken-family-and-football-figures-pay-tribute-c-21196271 Former AFL player Phoenix Spicer dies as heartbroken family and football figures pay tribute]</ref> *[[Bob Taylor (mchezaji mpira wa Australia)|Bob Taylor]], 94, Mchezaji wa [[Sheria za Mpira wa miguu za Australia|mpira wa miguu wa Australia]] ([[Essendon Football Club|Essendon]]).<ref>[https://www.mytributes.com.au/notice/death-notices/taylor-robert-william/6340307/ Taylor, Robert William]</ref> *[[Ivanne Trebbi]], 97, Mwanaharakati wa uasi (partisan) na mwanasiasa wa Italia, [[Baraza la Wana-depute (Italia)|deputy]] (1979–1987).<ref>[https://bologna.repubblica.it/cronaca/2026/01/02/news/ivonne_trebbi_morta_partigiana_bruna_castel_maggiore-425072270/ Ivonne Trebbi è morta, addio alla partigiana Bruna. Aveva 97 anni] {{in lang|it}}</ref> *[[Jim Willis (mtupaji mpira wa miaka ya 1950)|Jim Willis]], 98, Mchezaji wa mpira wa magongo (baseball) wa Marekani ([[Chicago Cubs]]).<ref>[https://www.kramerfunerals.com/obituaries/obituary-listings?obId=46849117 James Gladden Willis]</ref> *[[Horst Witzler]], 93, Meneja wa mpira wa miguu wa Ujerumani ([[Schwarz-Weiß Essen]], [[Borussia Dortmund]], [[Alemannia Aachen]]).<ref>[https://www.wirtrauern.de/traueranzeige/horst-witzler Horst Witzler] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Robert Wolski]], 43, Mwanariadha wa Olimpiki wa kuruka juu wa Poland ([[Riadha katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 2004 – Kuruka juu kwa Wanaume|2004]]), ajali ya barabarani.<ref>[https://sport.fakt.pl/inne-sporty/robert-wolski-nie-zyje-olimpijczyk-z-aten-zmarl-po-wypadku/vcln04y Tragiczna śmierć polskiego olimpijczyka. Robert Wolski nie żyje] {{in lang|pl}}</ref> *[[Nellie Wong]], 91, Mshairi wa Marekani.<ref>[https://www.kearnystreet.org/blog/2026/1/5/remembering-nellie-wong Remembering Nellie Wong]</ref> *[[Mirosław Zdanowicz]], 88, Mwanaharakati wa kijamii wa Poland.<ref>[https://www.trojmiasto.pl/wiadomosci/Zmarl-Miroslaw-Zdanowicz-przedsiebiorca-i-legenda-sportu-n212613.html Zmarł Mirosław Zdanowicz - przedsiębiorca i legenda sportu] {{in lang|pl}}</ref> ===3=== *[[Hushang Ansary]], 98, Mwanadiplomasia na mwanasiasa wa Iran na Marekani, waziri wa [[Wizara ya Masuala ya Kiuchumi na Fedha (Iran)|fedha]] (1974–1977) na [[Wizara ya Habari na Teknolojia ya Mawasiliano ya Iran|habari]] (1971–1974), [[Orodha ya mabalozi wa Iran nchini Marekani|Balozi nchini Marekani]] (1967–1969), mshituko wa moyo.<ref>[https://antilliaansdagblad.com/nieuws-menu/curacao/32228-hushang-ansary-98-overleden Hushang Ansary (98) overleden] {{in lang|nl}}</ref> *[[Jamil Azar]], 89, Mwandishi wa habari na mtangazaji wa Jordan, mmoja wa waanzilishi wa [[Al Jazeera]].<ref>[https://www.raialyoum.com/وفاة-الإعلامي-الأردني-جميل-عازر-أحد-مؤ/ وفاة الإعلامي الأردني جميل عازر أحد مؤسسي قناة "الجزيرة" القطرية] {{in lang|ar}}</ref> *[[Dietmar Bachmann]], 91, Mwanasiasa wa Austria, mjumbe wa [[Bunge la Tyrol]] (1965–1994).<ref>[https://www.tt.com/artikel/30925089/langjaehriger-tiroler-oevp-mandatar-bachmann-91-jaehrig-verstorben Langjähriger Tiroler ÖVP-Mandatar Bachmann 91-jährig verstorben] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Claude-Inga Barbey]], 64, Mchekeshaji, mwandishi, na muigizaji wa kike wa Uswisi (''[[The Death of Mario Ricci]]'').<ref>[https://www.tdg.ch/claude-inga-barbey-la-comedienne-genevoise-decede-a-64-ans-287385327444 La comédienne genevoise Claude-Inga Barbey s'en est allée] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Stephen E. Braude]], 80, Mwanafalsafa wa Marekani.<ref>[https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/las-vegas-nv/stephen-braude-12691825 Stephen Edward Braude]</ref> *[[Natale Carlotto]], 94, Mwanasiasa wa Italia, [[Seneti ya Jamhuri (Italia)|senator]] (1987–1994) na [[Baraza la Wana-depute (Italia)|deputy]] (1976–1987).<ref>[https://www.rainews.it/tgr/piemonte/articoli/2026/01/morto-a-94-anni-lex-senatore-natale-carlotto-3f13e9b1-91f3-4f88-bb6c-40b7a65599c0.html Morto a 94 anni l'ex senatore Natale Carlotto] {{in lang|it}}</ref> *[[Francesco Paolo Casavola]], 94, Mwanasheria wa Italia, [[Orodha ya marais wa Mahakama ya Katiba ya Italia|Rais wa Mahakama ya Katiba]] (1992–1995).<ref>[https://www.corriere.it/cultura/26_gennaio_04/morto-francesco-paolo-casavola-diritto-come-missione-230d08fa-e9a0-11f0-9bf4-5e5c7de4860b.shtml Morto Francesco Paolo Casavola, il diritto come missione] {{in lang|it}}</ref> *[[Frédéric Cerdal]], 81, Muigizaji na mwongozaji wa jukwaani wa Ufaransa.<ref>[https://www.allocine.fr/article/fichearticle_gen_carticle=1000184421.html Il prêtait sa voix à une légende du cinéma : le comédien français Frédéric Cerdal nous a quittés à l'âge de 81 ans] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Maria Eugènia Cuenca]], 78, Mwanasiasa wa Hispania, mjumbe wa [[Bunge la Catalonia|Bunge la Catalan]] (1999–2006) na [[Baraza la Wana-depute]] (1986–1992).<ref>[https://www.3cat.cat/3catinfo/mor-maria-eugenia-cuenca-la-primera-dona-que-va-ser-consellera-de-la-generalitat/noticia/3387804/ Mor Maria Eugènia Cuenca, la primera dona que va ser consellera de la Generalitat] {{in lang|ca}}</ref> *[[Anthony Fletcher]], 84, Mwanahistoria wa Uingereza.<ref>[https://www.thetimes.com/comment/register/article/births-marriages-and-deaths-january-23-2026-50z7rqgv8 Fletcher] {{paywall}}</ref> *[[Gerry Gable]], 88, Mwanaharakati wa siasa na mhariri wa jarida wa Uingereza (''[[Searchlight (jarida)|Searchlight]]'').<ref>[https://searchlightmagazine.com/2026/01/gerry-gable-1937-2026/ Gerry Gable (1937–2026)]</ref> *[[Franz Herre]], 99, Mwandishi wa habari na mwandishi wa wasifu wa Ujerumani.<ref>[https://trauer.merkur.de/traueranzeige/franz-herre Franz Herre] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Marvalene Hughes]], 88, Muelimishaji na msimamizi wa kitaaluma wa Marekani, rais wa [[Chuo Kikuu cha Jimbo la California, Stanislaus]] (1994–2005) na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Dillard]] (2005–2011).<ref>[https://peoplesfuneralhometuskegeeal.com/obituaries/marvalene-hughes/ Marvalene Hughes]</ref> *[[Mesut İktu]], 78, Mwimbaji wa opera wa Uturuki (baritone).<ref>[https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/kultur/opera-sanatcisi-prof-dr-mesut-iktu-vefat-etti/3788714 Opera sanatçısı Prof. Dr. Mesut İktu vefat etti] {{in lang|tr}}</ref> *[[Hernán Giraldo Jaramillo]], 89, Kiongozi wa Kanisa Katoliki wa Colombia, askofu msaidizi wa [[Jimbo la Pereira|Pereira]] (1984–1987), askofu wa [[Jimbo la Málaga–Soatá|Málaga–Soatá]] (1987–2001) na wa [[Jimbo la Buga|Buga]] (2001–2012).<ref>[https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bgiraj.html Bishop Hernán Giraldo Jaramillo †]</ref> *[[Nālani Kanakaʻole]], 79, Mwalimu wa densi ya hula ([[kumu hula]]) wa Marekani.<ref>[https://mauinow.com/2026/01/05/nalani-kanaka{{okina}}ole-revered-kumu-hula-and-cultural-matriarch-passes-at-79/ Nālani Kanaka{{okina}}ole, revered Kumu Hula and cultural matriarch, passes at 79]</ref> *[[Latif Karimi]], Mprotestaji wa Iran, brigedia jenerali wa [[Jeshi la Walinzi wa Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu]], [[Maandamano ya Iran ya 2025–2026|alipigwa risasi]].<ref>[https://hengaw.net/fa/news/2026/01/article-31 گزارش هه‌نگاو از جانباختن لطیف کریمی با شلیک مستقیم نیروهای حکومتی/ تلاش حکومت برای مصادره و وارونه‌سازی واقعیت] {{in lang|fa}}</ref> *[[David M. Maddox]], 87, Jenerali wa jeshi la Marekani.<ref>[https://blackhorse.org/e-news-january-2026/ E-News — January 2026]</ref> *[[Guðmundur Oddur Magnússon]], 70, Msanii na msomi wa Iceland.<ref>[https://www.ruv.is/frettir/innlent/2026-01-04-goddur-er-latinn-462845 Goddur er látinn] {{in lang|is}}</ref> *[[Graham McCamley|Sir Graham McCamley]], 93, Mzalishaji wa nyama ya ng'ombe wa Australia.<ref>[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-01-05/australian-beef-industry-mourns-loss-of-sir-graham-mccamley-93/106198876 Tributes flow for founding father of Australian beef industry, Sir Graham McCamley]</ref> *[[John Meredith (mchezaji mpira)|John Meredith]], 85, Mchezaji mpira wa Uingereza ([[Doncaster Rovers F.C.|Doncaster Rovers]], [[Chesterfield F.C.|Chesterfield]], [[Gillingham F.C.|Gillingham]]).<ref>[https://www.gillinghamfootballclub.com/news/john-meredith-1940-2026 John Meredith (1940 – 2026)]</ref> *[[Errol Moorcroft]], 85, Mwanasiasa wa Afrika Kusini, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wajumbe (Afrika Kusini)|House of Assembly]] (1981–1987, 1989–1994) na [[Bunge la Kitaifa la Afrika Kusini|Bunge la Kitaifa]] (1999–2004).<ref>[https://centralnews.co.za/former-da-federal-chairperson-errol-moorcroft-has-passed-away/ Former DA Federal Chairperson Errol Moorcroft Has Passed Away]</ref> *[[Ahmed Moujahid]], Mchezaji mpira wa Morocco ([[Wydad AC|Wydad Casablanca]], [[Timu ya taifa ya mpira ya Morocco|timu ya taifa]]).<ref>[https://rmcsport.bfmtv.com/football/equipe-maroc/ahmed-moujahid-vainqueur-de-la-can-1976-avec-le-maroc-est-mort_AV-202601040203.html Ahmed Moujahid, vainqueur de la CAN 1976 avec le Maroc, est mort] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Dastagir Hossain Nira]], 60, Mchezaji mpira wa Bangladesh ([[Abahani Limited Dhaka|Dhaka Abahani]], [[Mohammedan SC (Dhaka)|Mohammedan]], [[Timu ya taifa ya mpira ya Bangladesh|timu ya taifa]]), mshituko wa moyo.<ref>[https://www.thedailystar.net/sports/football/news/former-bangladesh-footballer-golam-dostogir-no-more-4072846 Former Bangladesh footballer Golam Dostogir no more]</ref> *[[Pa O'Dwyer]], 40, Mwanaume mwenye nguvu (strongman) wa Ireland.<ref>[https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/showbiz-tv/strongman-champion-pa-odwyer-dies-33162442 Strongman turned hilarious Instagram star dies aged 40]</ref> *[[Sverre Anker Ousdal]], 81, Muigizaji wa Norway (''[[Insomnia (filamu ya 1997)|Insomnia]]'', ''[[Flight of the Eagle]]'', ''[[The Last Place on Earth]]'').<ref>[https://www.vg.no/rampelys/i/GxGLn4/sverre-anker-ousdal-er-doed Sverre Anker Ousdal er død] {{in lang|no}}</ref> *[[Andrzej Paczkowski]], 87, Mwanahistoria wa Poland.<ref>[https://wyborcza.pl/alehistoria/7,121681,32505118,zmarl-prof-andrzej-paczkowski-jeden-z-najwybitniejszych-polskich.html Zmarł prof. Andrzej Paczkowski, jeden z najwybitniejszych polskich historyków] {{in lang|pl}}</ref> *[[Dimitar Penev]], 80, Mchezaji mpira wa Bulgaria ([[PFC CSKA Sofia|CSKA Sofia]], [[Timu ya taifa ya mpira ya Bulgaria|timu ya taifa]]) na kocha (timu ya taifa).<ref>[https://www.bgnes.com/sport/the-great-coach-and-football-player-dimitar-penev-has-passed-away The great coach and football player Dimitar Penev has passed away]</ref> *[[Jenny Plocki]], 100, Mwanaharakati wa haki za wanawake wa Ufaransa. *[[Rolf Riehm]], 88, mtunzi wa muziki wa Ujerumani (''[[Sirenen]]''), mpiga oboe na msomi ([[Musikhochschule Frankfurt]]).<ref>[https://www.fr.de/kultur/musik/der-komponist-rolf-riehm-war-ein-aesthetischer-brigant-mit-einspruch-94112742.html Komponist Rolf Riehm ist gestorben: Immer mit Einspruch] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Randy Riley]], 63, mtunzi wa maktaba wa Amerika.<ref>[https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/east-lansing-mi/randy-riley-12692653 Randy Joseph Riley]</ref> *[[Eva Schloss]], 96, msururu wa Maangamizi makuu ya Wanazi na mwandishi wa wasifu wa Austria-Uingereza.<ref>[https://www.annefrank.org/en/about-us/news-and-press/news/2026/1/4/in-memoriam-eva-schloss-geiringer/ In memoriam – Eva Schloss-Geiringer]</ref> *[[Robert K. Tanenbaum]], 83, wakili wa kesi na mwandishi wa riwaya wa Amerika, [[Orodha ya mameya wa Beverly Hills, California|meya wa Beverly Hills, California]] (1988–1989, 1992–1993), saratani.<ref>[https://aarclibrary.org/2026/01/08/former-deputy-chief-counsel-for-the-house-select-committee-on-assassinations-robert-k-tanenbaum-has-died-at-the-age-of-83/ Former Deputy Chief Counsel for the House Select Committee on Assassinations, Robert K. Tanenbaum, has died at the age of 83]</ref> *[[Nam Singh Thapa]], 79, bondia wa Olimpiki wa Nepal ([[Ndondi katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 1964 – Flyweight|1964]]), saratani.<ref>[https://thehimalayantimes.com/sports/nam-singh-thapa-nepals-first-olympian-dies Nam Singh Thapa, Nepal's first Olympian, dies]</ref> *[[Samuel O. Thier]], 88, daktari na mwanataaluma wa Amerika, rais wa [[Chuo Kikuu cha Brandeis]] (1991–1994).<ref>[https://nam.edu/news-and-insights/remembering-samuel-o-thier-iom-president-1985-1991/ Remembering Samuel O. Thier, IOM President (1985-1991)]</ref> *[[Ivan Varshavsky]], 87, mhandisi wa Urusi na msimamizi wa njia za reli.<ref>[https://www.amur.life/people/2026/01/03/v-tynde-umer-legendarnyy-bamovec-ivan-varshavskiy В Тынде умер легендарный строитель БАМа Иван Варшавский] {{in lang|ru}}</ref> *[[Wang Zheng (vice admiral)|Wang Zheng]], 64, makamu wa amirali wa China.<ref>[https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_32311251 海军原副政委王征中将逝世，享年64岁] {{in lang|zh}}</ref> *[[Terry Wharton]], 83, mchezaji wa soka wa Uingereza ([[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]], [[Bolton Wanderers F.C.|Bolton Wanderers]], [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]]).<ref>[https://www.wolves.co.uk/news/club/20260103-terry-wharton-1942-2026/ Terry Wharton | 1942-2026]</ref> *[[William H. Yohn Jr.]], 90, mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa Amerika, jaji wa [[Mahakama ya Wilaya ya Marekani kwa Wilaya ya Mashariki ya Pennsylvania]] (tangu 1991), mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Pennsylvania]] (1968–1980).<ref>[https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/yohn-william-hendricks-jr Yohn, William Hendricks, Jr.]</ref> *[[Amal Fathullah Zarkasyi]], 76, mwanachuoni wa Kiislamu wa Indonesia.<ref>[https://www.antaranews.com/berita/5332042/pimpinan-pmdg-gontor-kh-amal-fathullah-zarkasyi-wafat Pimpinan PMDG Gontor KH Amal Fathullah Zarkasyi wafat] {{in lang|id}}</ref> *[[Zhang Kerang]], 78, mwigizaji wa Kichina wa [[Peking opera]].<ref>[https://news.bjd.com.cn/2026/01/05/11505292.shtml 著名京剧表演艺术家、马连良先生入室弟子张克让逝世] {{in lang|zh}}</ref> ===4=== *[[Forest Able]], 93, mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa Amerika ([[Syracuse Nationals]]).<ref>[https://wkusports.com/news/2026/1/6/general-wku-athletics-hall-of-famer-forest-frosty-able-passes-away WKU Athletics Hall of Famer Forest "Frosty" Able Passes Away]</ref> *[[Ali Abu Al-Ragheb]], 79, mwanasiasa wa Jordan, [[Waziri Mkuu wa Jordan|waziri mkuu]] (2000–2003).<ref>[https://www.ammanjo.co/article/253792 رئيس الوزراء الأسبق علي ابو الراغب في ذمة الله] {{in lang|ar}}</ref> *[[Fazalur Raheem Ashrafi]], 81, mwanachuoni wa Kiislamu wa Pakistan, mfadhili wa [[Wifaq-ul-Madaris al-Arabia]].<ref>[https://www.samaa.tv/2087344161-jamia-ashrafia-head-maulana-ashrafi-passes-away Jamia Ashrafia head Maulana Ashrafi passes away]</ref> *[[Céline Bellot]], 55, mtaalamu wa kriminolojia na mwanataaluma wa Kanada, saratani ya matiti.<ref>[https://www.ledevoir.com/actualites/societe/946011/mort-celine-bellot-chercheuse-personnes-marginalisees Pionnière du travail social sur l'itinérance et le profilage, la chercheuse Céline Bellot s'éteint] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Mario Blasone]], 85, mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa Italia.<ref>[https://fip.it/ci-ha-lasciati-mario-blasone-le-condoglianze-del-presidente-petrucci-e-della-fip/ Ci ha lasciati coach Mario Blasone. Le condoglianze del presidente Petrucci. Disposto minute di silenzio] {{in lang|it}}</ref> *[[Bob Boyer (wrestler)|Bob Boyer]], 93, mweleka wa kitaalamu wa Kanada.<ref>[https://www.flannerbuchanan.com/obituaries/robert-boyer Robert Gerald Boyer]</ref> *[[David Branch (ice hockey)|David Branch]], 77, msimamizi wa hoki ya barafu wa Kanada, kamishna wa [[Ontario Hockey League|OHL]] (1979–2024) na rais wa [[Canadian Hockey League|CHL]] (1996–2019).<ref>[https://chl.ca/ohl/article/ohl-chl-mourn-the-loss-of-david-branch-transformative-commissioner-and-hockey-visionary/ OHL, CHL Mourn the Loss of David Branch, Transformative Commissioner and Hockey Visionary]</ref> *[[Tom Britt]], 89, mbunifu wa mambo ya ndani wa Amerika.<ref>[https://www.newyorksocialdiary.com/thomas-britt/ Remembering Thomas Britt: The Grand Entertainer of Design]</ref> *[[Zoraida Burgos i Matheu]], 92, mwandishi wa Hispania.<ref>[https://www.escriptors.cat/autors/burgosz/english Zoraida Burgos]</ref> *[[Calbo (rapper)|Calbo]], 52, mwanamuziki wa rap wa Ufaransa ([[Ärsenik]]).<ref>[https://www.ouest-france.fr/necrologie/le-rappeur-calbo-membre-du-duo-emblematique-aersenik-est-mort-a-lage-de-52-ans-12c200ea-e98c-11f0-9b78-7c77e15311d5 Le rappeur Calbo, membre du duo emblématique Ärsenik, est mort à l'âge de 52 ans] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Chandrasena Thalangama]], 81, mwandishi wa habari na mtunzi wa nyimbo wa Sri Lanka.<ref>[https://dailynews.lk/2026/01/05/local/927640/veteran-lyricist-and-journalist-chandrasena-thalangama-passes-away/ Veteran Lyricist and Journalist Chandrasena Thalangama passes away]</ref> *[[Larry M. Cherry]], 69, mtengenezaji wa mitindo ya nywele wa Amerika (''[[Ma Rainey's Black Bottom (film)|Ma Rainey's Black Bottom]]'', ''[[Malcolm X (1992 film)|Malcolm X]]'', ''[[Do the Right Thing]]'').<ref>[https://www.oscars.org/in-memoriam/2026 In Memoriam]</ref> *[[Germaine Cousin-Zermatten]], 100, mtaalamu wa mitishamba wa Uswisi.<ref>[https://www.rts.ch/info/regions/valais/2026/article/deces-de-germaine-cousin-zermatten-gardienne-des-remedes-ancestraux-valaisans-29108760.html Gardienne des remèdes d'antan, la Valaisanne Germaine Cousin-Zermatten s'est éteinte à 100 ans] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Jim Dennison]], 87, kocha wa mpira wa miguu wa Amerika ([[Akron Zips football|Akron Zips]], [[Walsh Cavaliers football|Walsh Cavaliers]]).<ref>[https://www.cantonrep.com/story/sports/college/zips/2026/01/05/jim-dennison-died-obit-akron-zips-football-coach-walsh/77733069007/ Jim Dennison, winningest football coach at Akron and Walsh, dies]</ref> *[[Kamiel Dierckx]], 84, mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa Ubelgiji ([[Mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya mpira wa kikapu ya wanaume ya Ubelgiji|Belgian Lions]]).<ref>[https://www.basketballbelgium.be/news/balgoochelaar-kamiel-dierckx-op-84-jarige-leeftijd-overleden/ Le magicien de bal Kamiel Dierckx est décédé à l'âge de 84 ans] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Frank Dunlop (director)|Frank Dunlop]], 98, mwongozaji wa ukumbi wa michezo wa Uingereza.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2026/jan/06/frank-dunlop-obituary Frank Dunlop obituary]</ref> *[[Manuel Fernández Ilarraza]], 85, daktari wa magonjwa ya wanawake na mwanasiasa wa Hispania, [[Orodha ya marais wa Bunge la La Rioja|rais wa Bunge la La Rioja]] (1987–1988).<ref>[https://www.eldiadelarioja.es/noticia/zfa0a01e2-4243-4b79-9583f46f193b848f/202601/muere-manuel-fernandez-ilarraza-expresidente-del-parlamento Muere Manuel Fernández Ilarraza, expresidente del Parlamento] {{in lang|es}}</ref> *[[Miloslav Fiala]], 97, kasisi wa Kanisa Katoliki la Roma wa Jamhuri ya Cheki.<ref>[https://www.novinky.cz/clanek/domaci-zemrel-knez-miloslav-fiala-40555863 Zemřel kněz Miloslav Fiala] {{in lang|cs}}</ref> *[[Andy Friendly]], 74, mtayarishaji wa televisheni wa Amerika (''[[Entertainment Tonight]]'').<ref>[https://deadline.com/2026/01/andy-friendly-dead-entertainment-tonight-1236674998/ Andy Friendly Dies: First 'Entertainment Tonight' Producer, Son Of Legendary CBS Newsman Fred Friendly Was 74]</ref> *[[John Gaisford]], 91, askofu wa Anglikana wa Uingereza, [[Askofu wa Beverley]] (1994–2000).<ref>[https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2026/9-january/gazette/deaths/deaths Deaths]</ref> *[[L. Ganesan]], 91, mwanasiasa wa India, [[Lok Sabha|Mbunge]] (1980–1986, 2004–2009).<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/veteran-dravidian-ideologue-l-ganesan-no-more/article70469988.ece Veteran Dravidian ideologue L. Ganesan no more]</ref> *[[Anne-Claire Goulon]], 51, mwanamke wa biashara wa Ufaransa, saratani ya matiti.<ref>[https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/societe/2026/01/04/anne-claire-goulon-ex-dirigeante-du-groupe-livio-s-est-eteinte-a-51-ans Anne-Claire Goulon, ex-dirigeante du groupe Livio, s'est éteinte à 51 ans] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Vicki L. Gregory]], 75, mwanataaluma na mtunzi wa maktaba wa Amerika.<ref>[https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/montgomery-al/vicki-gregory-12693551 Vicki Gregory]</ref> *[[Michel Griffon]], 77, mtaalamu wa kilimo wa Ufaransa.<ref>[https://gret.org/actualite/2026/hommage-a-michel-griffon/ Hommage à Michel Griffon] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Roger Guesnerie]], 82, mwanauchumi na mwanataaluma wa Ufaransa.<ref>[https://www.ehess.fr/fr/hommage/hommage-roger-guesnerie Hommage à Roger Guesnerie] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Denise Harlow]], 55, mwanasiasa wa Amerika, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Maine]] (2010–2018), saratani.<ref>[https://www.sunjournal.com/2026/01/08/a-big-believer-in-justice-former-portland-lawmaker-dies-at-55/ Former Portland lawmaker Denise Harlow dies at 55]</ref> *[[Bobby Holmes]], 93, mchezaji wa soka wa Scotland ([[St Mirren F.C.|St Mirren]]).<ref>[https://dumbartonfootballclub.com/bobby-holmes/ Bobby Holmes]</ref> *[[Nora Ikstena]], 56, mwandishi na meneja wa utamaduni wa Latvia.<ref>[https://www.apollo.lv/8390161/muziba-devusies-rakstniece-nora-ikstena Mūžībā devusies rakstniece Nora Ikstena] {{in lang|lv}}</ref> *[[Klaus Keitel]], 86, mwanasiasa wa Ujerumani, mjumbe (1990–2002) na rais (1990–1998) wa [[Landtag ya Saxony-Anhalt]].<ref>[https://www.volksstimme.de/sachsen-anhalt/erster-landtagsprasident-von-sachsen-anhalt-ist-verstorben-4176883 Erster Landtagspräsident von Sachsen-Anhalt ist verstorben] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[John Kershaw, 4th Baron Kershaw]], 89, mwanafalsafa wa kifalme wa Uingereza, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wakuu]] (1968–1999).<ref>[https://members.parliament.uk/member/2012/career Lord Kershaw]</ref>{{better source needed|reason=Does not give a date of death|date=January 2026}} *[[Kim Young-in]], 85, mwigizaji wa Korea Kusini (''[[Dachimawa Lee]]'', ''[[No Blood No Tears]]'', ''[[Arahan]]'').<ref>[https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20260104025000505 '원조 스턴트맨'...60년간 배우 활동한 김영인씨 별세] {{in lang|ko}}</ref> *[[Wiktor Kinecki]], 96, mwanasiasa wa Poland, [[Sejm|Mbunge]] (1976–1980).<ref>[https://zhp.pl/odszedl-na-wieczna-warte-druh-harcmistrz-wiktor-kinecki/ Odszedł na Wieczną Wartę Druh harcmistrz Wiktor Kinecki] {{in lang|pl}}</ref> *[[Graham Knight (Australian footballer)|Graham Knight]], 94, mchezaji wa [[Sheria za mpira wa miguu za Australia|soka la Australia]] ([[Fitzroy Football Club|Fitzroy]]).<ref>[https://www.smct.org.au/deceased-search/detail?id=4c03d010-15f7-f011-97fd-9cb0e349dd9d Graham Ivo Knight]</ref> *[[Milorad Kosanović]], 75, mchezaji wa soka wa Serbia ([[FK Proleter Zrenjanin|Proleter Zrenjanin]], [[FK Vojvodina|Vojvodina]]) na meneja ([[Timu ya taifa ya soka ya Malta|Timu ya taifa ya Malta]]).<ref>[https://www.danas.rs/sport/na-svoj-rodjendan-preminuo-milorad-kosanovic/ Na svoj rođendan preminuo Milorad Kosanović] {{in lang|sr}}</ref> *[[Bernard Lemoux]], 83, mfanyabiashara wa Ufaransa, rais wa [[Stade Rennais FC]] (1973–1977).<ref>[https://www.francebleu.fr/sports/football/stade-rennais-l-ancien-president-du-club-bernard-lemoux-est-decede-6969746 Stade Rennais : l'ancien président du club Bernard Lemoux est décédé] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[George C. Lodge]], 98, mwanasiasa wa Amerika.<ref>[https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/bostonglobe/name/george-lodge-obituary?id=60478546 George Lodge]</ref> *[[Oscar Lofton]], 87, mchezaji wa mpira wa miguu wa Amerika ([[Boston Patriots]]) na kocha ([[Southeastern Louisiana Lions football|Southeastern Louisiana Lions]]).<ref>[https://www.churchfuneralservices.com/obituaries/oscar-lofton Oscar Warren Lofton]</ref> *[[Naser Toure Mahama]], 60, mwanasiasa wa Ghana, [[Bunge la Ghana|Mbunge]] (tangu 2012).<ref>[https://citinewsroom.com/2026/01/ayawaso-east-mp-mahama-naser-toure-dies-after-short-illness/ Ayawaso East MP Mahama Naser Toure dies after short illness]</ref> *[[Miloslav Masopust]], 101, jenerali wa Jamhuri ya Cheki.<ref>[https://www.novinky.cz/clanek/domaci-zemrel-valecny-veteran-miloslav-masopust-40556008 Zemřel válečný veterán Miloslav Masopust] {{in lang|cs}}</ref> *[[Giorgos Papadakis]], 74, mwandishi wa habari na mtangazaji wa televisheni wa Ugiriki, mshtuko wa moyo.<ref>[https://www.protothema.gr/greece/article/1752644/o-giorgos-papadakis-sto-laiko-me-varutato-emfragma/ Έφυγε από τη ζωή ο Γιώργος Παπαδάκης ύστερα από έμφραγμα] {{in lang|el}}</ref> *[[Daniel Pelletti]], 77, mchoraji wa Ubelgiji.<ref>[https://www.sudinfo.be/id1090516/article/2026-01-05/la-louviere-perd-lun-de-ses-artistes-emblematiques-daniel-pelletti-tire-sa La Louvière perd l'un de ses artistes emblématiques : Daniel Pelletti a tiré sa révérence à l'âge de 77 ans] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Jules Radich]], 71, mwanasiasa wa New Zealand, [[meya wa Dunedin]] (2022–2025), mshtuko wa moyo.<ref>[https://www.odt.co.nz/star-news/star-national/former-mayor-dunedin-jules-radich-dies Former mayor of Dunedin Jules Radich dies]</ref> *[[Michael Reagan]], 80, mchambuzi wa kisiasa wa Amerika.<ref>[https://www.huffpost.com/entry/latest-news-trump-maduro_n_695bb603e4b0d6beb5fd9469/liveblog_695d80b5e4b0b693af45947f Michael Reagan, Eldest Son Of Ronald Reagan, Has Died]</ref> *[[Donald C. Rogers]], 94, mhandisi wa sauti wa Amerika (''[[Rocky]]'', ''[[The Shawshank Redemption]]'', ''[[Star Trek: The Motion Picture]]'').<ref>[https://deadline.com/2026/01/donald-c-rogers-dies-94-1236676997/ Donald C. Rogers Dies: Oscar-Winning 'Rocky', 'Little Shop of Horrors' & 'The Goonies' Sound Director Was 94]</ref> *[[Marissa Sanchez]], 69, mchezaji wa tenisi wa Ufilipino.<ref>[https://punto.com.ph/70s-phl-tennis-star-marissa-sanchez-dies-at-69/ '70s PHL tennis star Marissa Sanchez dies at 69]</ref> *[[Jacqueline Schaeffer]], 91, mwanasaikolojia wa Ufaransa.<ref>[https://www.spp.asso.fr/deces-de-jacqueline-schaeffer-1934-2026/ Décès de Jacqueline Schaeffer (1934-2026)] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Steve Sheetz]], 77, mwendeshaji wa duka la bidhaa mchanganyiko wa Amerika, Mkurugenzi Mtendaji na rais wa [[Sheetz|Sheetz, Inc.]] (1984–1995).<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/steve-sheetz-dies/ Former Sheetz president and CEO Steve Sheetz dies at age 77]</ref> *[[Jitamitra Prasad Singh Deo]], 79, mwanahistoria na mtaalamu wa akiolojia wa India.<ref>[https://pragativadi.com/khadial-king-jitamitra-prasad-singh-deo-passes-away-at-80/ Khadial King Jitamitra Prasad Singh Deo Passes Away at 80]</ref> *[[Ralph L. Thomas]], 86, mwongozaji wa filamu wa Kanada aliyezaliwa Brazil (''[[The Terry Fox Story]]'', ''[[Apprentice to Murder]]'', ''[[Ticket to Heaven]]'') na mwandishi wa skripti, matatizo kutokana na ugonjwa wa moyo.<ref>[https://www.thewrap.com/creative-content/movies/ralph-thomas-dies-journalist-filmmaker-obit/ Ralph L. Thomas, 'The Terry Fox Story' Director and Journalist, Dies at 86]</ref> *[[Horacio Usandizaga]], 85, mwanasiasa wa Argentina, [[Seneti ya Argentina|seneta]] (1995–2003) na meya wa [[Rosario]] (1983–1989), matatizo kutokana na kiharusi cha mara kwa mara.<ref>[https://www.infobae.com/politica/2026/01/04/murio-horacio-usandizaga-historico-dirigente-de-la-ucr-y-primer-intendente-de-rosario-tras-el-regreso-de-la-democracia/ Murió Horacio Usandizaga, histórico dirigente de la UCR y primer intedente de Rosario tras el regreso de la democracia] {{in lang|es}}</ref> *[[Mary White (Fianna Fáil politician)|Mary White]], 81, mwanamke wa biashara na mwanasiasa wa Ireland, [[Seanad Éireann|seneta]] (2002–2016).<ref>[https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/politics/she-was-a-force-of-nature-mary-white-former-senator-and-founder-of-lir-chocolates-dies-aged-81/a891185846.html 'She was a force of nature' – Mary White, former senator and founder of Lir Chocolates, dies aged 81]</ref> *[[Xiao Zhuang (photographer)|Xiao Zhuang]], 93, mpiga picha wa China.<ref>[https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_32316516 著名摄影家、新中国第一批女摄影记者晓庄逝世，享年94岁] {{in lang|zh}}</ref> *[[Teresa Zalewska]], 83, mwanasiasa wa Poland, [[Sejm|Mbunge]] (1989–1991).<ref>[https://www.nasztomaszow.pl/artykul/53485,zmarla-pani-teresa-zalewska Zmarła Pani Teresa Zalewska] {{in lang|pl}}</ref> ===5=== *[[Ahn Sung-ki]], 74, mwigizaji wa Korea Kusini (''[[Silmido (film)|Silmido]]'', ''[[Two Cops]]'', ''[[Radio Star (film)|Radio Star]]''), saratani ya damu.<ref>[https://www.chosun.com/english/travel-food-en/2026/01/05/3356DGXZABF6PF4YANV36GJNHE/ South Korean Film Legend Ahn Sung-ki Dies at 75]</ref> *[[Aldrich Ames]], 84, afisa wa ujasusi wa Amerika ([[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]) na mjasusi wa zamani wa Umoja wa Kisovieti aliyetiwa hatiani.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/aldrich-ames-dies-age-84-russia-spy/ Aldrich Ames, CIA officer convicted of spying for Russia, dies at age 84]</ref> *[[Bonifacio Ávila]], 75, bondia wa Olimpiki wa Colombia ([[Ndondi katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 1972 – Light middleweight|1972]]).<ref>[https://www.eltiempo.com/deportes/otros-deportes/luto-en-el-boxeo-colombiano-por-la-muerte-del-legendario-bony-3522048 Luto en el boxeo colombiano por la muerte del legendario 'Bony' Ávila] {{in lang|es}}</ref> *[[Herbert Beck (historian)|Herbert Beck]], 84, mwanahistoria wa sanaa wa Ujerumani.<ref>[https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/kunst-und-architektur/ein-grosser-aufklaerer-zum-tod-des-ehemaligen-staedel-und-liebieghausdirektors-herbert-beck-accg-110814367.html Mustergültiger Aufklärer] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Andrew Bodnar]], 71, mpiga gitaa la bezi wa Uingereza ([[The Rumour]]) na mtunzi wa nyimbo ("[[I Love the Sound of Breaking Glass]]").<ref>[https://www.hitzound.com/bassist-andrew-bodnar-o-a-graham-parker-the-rumour-overleden/ Bassist Andrew Bodnar (o.a. Graham Parker & The Rumour) overleden] {{in lang|nl}}</ref> *[[Andrew Carter (composer)|Andrew Carter]], 86, mtunzi wa muziki wa Uingereza ([[Benedicite (Carter)|Benedicite]]) na mwongozaji wa kwaya.<ref>[https://www.morningstarmusic.com/blog/post/andrew-carter-in-memoriam Andrew Carter - In Memoriam]</ref> *[[Tom Cherones]], 86, mwongozaji wa televisheni wa Amerika (''[[Seinfeld]]'', ''[[NewsRadio]]'', ''[[Ellen (TV series)|Ellen]]''), matatizo kutokana na ugonjwa wa Alzheimer.<ref>[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/tom-cherones-dead-seinfeld-director-producer-1236469039/ Tom Cherones, Emmy-Winning 'Seinfeld' Director and Producer, Dies at 86]</ref> *[[Beatriz de Lenclós]], 102, mnenguaji wa Hispania.<ref>[https://www.elcorreo.com/alava/araba/fallece-beatriz-lenclos-gran-vedette-vitoriana-marco-20260107192323-nt.html Fallece Beatriz de Lenclós, la gran vedette vitoriana que marcó época] {{in lang|es}}</ref> *[[Marian Diamond (actress)|Marian Diamond]], 89, mwigizaji wa Uingereza (''[[Subterfuge (1968 film)|Subterfuge]]'', ''[[Goodbye Gemini]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|The Lord of the Rings]]'').<ref>[https://www.nationalworld.com/news/obituaries/marian-diamond-miriam-margolyes-pays-tribute-dear-friend-jackanory-brookside-death-aged-89-5474592 Marian Diamond: Miriam Margolyes pays tribute to 'dear friend' after Jackanory star's death aged 89]</ref> *[[Miklós Dudás (canoeist)|Miklós Dudás]], 34, mchezaji wa mtumbwi wa Olimpiki wa Hungaria ([[Canoeing katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 2012 – Men's K-1 200 metres|2012]]), bingwa wa dunia ([[2014 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships|2014]]).<ref>[https://24.hu/sport/2026/01/05/meghalt-dudas-miki/ Meghalt Dudás Miki] {{in lang|hu}}</ref> *[[Aoi Fujino]], 27, mwanamitindo wa Kijapani wa gravure idol, [[rhabdomyosarcoma]].<ref>[https://www.sponichi.co.jp/entertainment/news/2026/01/09/articles/20260109s00041000284000c.html 元グラドル藤乃あおいさんが死去、27歳 親族が発表 23年に希少がんを公表 闘病続けていた] {{in lang|ja}}</ref> *[[Paolo Gillet]], 96, kiongozi wa Kanisa Katoliki la Roma wa Italia, askofu msaidizi wa [[Jimbo Kuu la Albano|Albano]] (1993–2005).<ref>[https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bgillet.html Bishop Paolo Gillet †]</ref> *[[Pier Francesco Guarguaglini]], 88, mtendaji wa sekta ya ulinzi wa Italia, mwenyekiti wa [[Leonardo (company)|Finmeccanica]] (2002–2011).<ref>[https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/morto-pier-francesco-guarguaglini-crosetto-uomo-intelligenza-e-visione-AIoes8h Morto Pier Francesco Guarguaglini, Crosetto: uomo di intelligenza e visione] {{in lang|it}}</ref> *[[Bruce Hammock]], 78, mtaalamu wa wadudu (entomologist) wa Amerika.<ref>[http://entnem.ucdavis.edu/news/bruce-hammock-1947-2026 Bruce Hammock: 1947-2026]</ref> *[[Andrew Hichens]], 89, mchezaji wa kriketi wa Uingereza ([[Oxford University Cricket Club|Oxford University]], [[Oxfordshire County Cricket Club|Oxfordshire]]).<ref>[https://www.oxfordshire.cricket/andrew-hichens-obituary/ Andrew Hichens Obituary]</ref> *[[Ad van Kempen]], 81, mwigizaji wa Uholanzi (''[[1-900 (film)|1-900]]'', ''[['n Beetje Verliefd]]'', ''[[Winter in Wartime (film)|Winter in Wartime]]''), saratani ya tezi dume.<ref>[https://www.ad.nl/show/acteur-ad-van-kempen-overleden-op-81-jarige-leeftijd~a7cdd6f6/ Acteur Ad van Kempen overleden op 81-jarige leeftijd] {{in lang|nl}}</ref> *[[José Mingorance]], 87, mchezaji wa soka wa Hispania ([[RCD Espanyol|Espanyol]], [[Timu ya taifa ya soka ya Hispania|timu ya taifa]]) na meneja ([[Granada CF|Granada]]).<ref>[https://www.abc.es/espana/andalucia/cordoba/cordoba-cf/fallece-jose-mingorance-leyenda-epoca-dorada-cordoba-20260105163238-nts.html Fallece José Mingorance, leyenda de la época dorada del Córdoba CF en Primera División] {{in lang|es}}</ref> *[[Reza Moradi Abdolvand]], 18, mprotestaji wa Iran, alipigwa risasi.<ref>[https://hengaw.net/fa/news/2026/01/article-40 گزارش هه‌نگاو از جانباختن رضا مرادی عبدالوند ششمین جانباخته اعتراضات شهر ازنا] {{in lang|fa}}</ref> *[[James E. O'Grady]], 96, afisa wa kurejesha sheria wa Amerika, [[Sherifu wa Wilaya ya Cook|sherifu wa Wilaya ya Cook]] (1986–1990).<ref>[https://www.smithcorcoran.com/obituaries/James-E-OGrady?obId=46864181 James E. O'Grady]</ref> *[[Jawann Oldham]], 68, mchezaji wa mpira wa kikapu wa Amerika ([[Chicago Bulls]], [[Houston Rockets]], [[New York Knicks]]).<ref>[https://www.seattletimes.com/sports/seattle-university/jawann-oldham-a-basketball-star-at-cleveland-high-seattle-u-dies-at-68/ Jawann Oldham, a basketball star at Cleveland High, Seattle U, dies at 68]</ref> *[[Induratana Paribatra]], 103, mwanafamilia wa kifalme wa Thailand.<ref>[https://pantip.com/topic/43930505 "พระองค์หญิงอินทุรัตนา บริพัตร" (พระวรวงศ์เธอ พระองค์เจ้าอินทุรัตนา) สิ้นพระชนม์ สิริพระชันษา ๑๐๓ ปี] {{in lang|th}}</ref> *[[Molly Parkin]], 93, mchoraji, mwandishi wa riwaya na mwandishi wa habari wa Wales.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvgeyrg5e7xo Artist and fashion writer Molly Parkin dies]</ref> *[[Bob Pulford]], 89, mchezaji wa hoki ya barafu wa Kanada aliyeingizwa kwenye [[Hockey Hall of Fame]], kocha ([[Chicago Blackhawks]]), na mtendaji, rais wa [[National League Players' Association|NHLPA]] (1967–1972), bingwa mara nne wa [[Stanley Cup]].<ref>[https://www.nhl.com/news/bob-pulford-dead-at-age-89 Pulford, 4-time Stanley Cup champion with Maple Leafs, dies at 89]</ref> *[[Cosimo Scaglioso]], 89, mwanasiasa wa Italia, [[Seneti ya Jamhuri (Italia)|seneta]] (1994–1996).<ref>[https://www.lanazione.it/siena/cronaca/la-citta-piange-cosimo-scaglioso-a668b72e La città piange Cosimo Scaglioso. Fu docente emerito e senatore] {{in lang|it}}</ref> *[[Elle Simone]], 49, mpishi wa Amerika (''[[America's Test Kitchen]]'') na mwanamitindo wa chakula.<ref>[https://www.wbur.org/news/2026/01/07/chef-food-stylist-elle-simone-scott-dies Chef and food stylist Elle Simone Scott dies at 49]</ref> *[[Elsje de Wijn]], 82, mwigizaji wa Uholanzi (''[[De stille Oceaan]]'', ''[[For a Lost Soldier]]'', ''[[Het 14e kippetje]]'') na mwimbaji.<ref>[https://www.nu.nl/media/6381646/karel-zangeres-elsje-de-wijn-overleden-op-82-jarige-leeftijd.html Karel-zangeres Elsje de Wijn overleden op 82-jarige leeftijd] {{in lang|nl}}</ref> *[[Ken Wilcock]], 91, mkimbiaji wa mbio fupi wa Uingereza.<ref>[https://www.sthelensstar.co.uk/sport/25738581.tribute-sutton-harrier-ken-wilcock-died-aged-91/?ref=rss Tribute to Sutton Harrier Ken Wilcock, who has died aged 91]</ref> (kifo kilitangazwa tarehe hii) *[[Mike Wilson (kart racer)|Mike Wilson]], 66, mkimbiaji wa mashindano ya kart wa Uingereza, bingwa wa dunia mara sita ([[Karting World Championship|world champion]]).<ref>[https://www.kartcom.com/en/news/2026/01/05/mike-wilson-1959-2026-the-king-of-karting-takes-his-final-bow/ Mike Wilson (1959-2026): The King of Karting takes his final bow]</ref> ===6=== *[[Joe Arlooktoo]], 86, msanii wa kuona na mwanasiasa wa Kanada, [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Northwest Territories|Northwest Territories MLA]] (1979–1991).<ref>[https://nunavutnews.com/2026/01/06/former-mla-and-mayor-joe-arlooktoo-passes-away-at-86/ Former MLA and mayor Joe Arlooktoo passes away at 86]</ref> (kifo kilitangazwa tarehe hii) *[[Odette Bergoffen]], 101, mpiganaji wa upinzani wa Ufaransa.<ref>[https://www.ouest-france.fr/culture/histoire/guerre-39-45/elle-avait-risque-sa-vie-pour-en-sauver-dautres-odette-bergoffen-juste-parmi-les-nations-est-morte-a-101-ans-6d1b52a8-eadb-11f0-a887-2a4cc40b8e21 Elle avait risqué sa vie pour en sauver d'autres : Odette Bergoffen, Juste parmi les Nations, est morte à 101 ans] {{in lang|fr}}</ref> *[[Andrzej Bogusławski]], 94, mtaalamu wa filolojia na semantiki wa Poland.<ref>[https://neofilologia.uw.edu.pl/odszedl-profesor-andrzej-boguslawski/ Odszedł Profesor Andrzej Bogusławski]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{in lang|pl}}</ref> *[[Ron Boswell]], 85, mwanasiasa wa Australia, [[Seneti ya Australia|seneta]] (1983–2014).<ref>[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-01-06/former-queensland-senator-ron-boswell-nationals/100104534 Former Queensland senator Ron 'Bozzie' Boswell dies aged 85]</ref> *[[John Cunningham (actor)|John Cunningham]], 93, mwigizaji wa Amerika (''[[Titanic (musical)|Titanic]]'', ''[[Company (musical)|Company]]'', ''[[Mystic Pizza]]'').<ref>[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/john-cunningham-dad-broadway-actor-mystic-pizza-1236467917/ John Cunningham, Veteran Broadway Actor, Dies at 93]</ref> *[[Dick Dull]], 80, mkurugenzi wa michezo wa Amerika ([[Maryland Terrapins]]).<ref>[https://umterps.com/news/2026/1/7/terrapin-athletics-former-maryland-ad-dick-dull-passes-away.aspx Former Maryland AD Dick Dull Passes Away]</ref> *[[V. K. Ebrahimkunju]], 73, mwanasiasa wa India, [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Kerala|Kerala MLA]] (2011–2021).<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/vk-ebrahim-kunju-iuml-leader-and-former-kerala-minister-passes-away/article70477566.ece V.K. Ebrahim Kunju, IUML leader and former Kerala Minister, passes away]</ref> *[[Johannes Fabian]], 88, mtaalamu wa anthropolojia wa Ujerumani.<ref>[https://images.nrc.nl/pqE3TqhOiO9qYNA7EKPmZYE9j68=/filters:no_upscale():format(jpeg):fill(f8f8f8,true)/s3/nrchub/clippings/NH/20260110/528-advertisement-295553_1347763_fabian10ra-521857h-21c073.png Johannes Fabian] {{in lang|nl}}</ref> *[[Alex Felipe]], 32, mchezaji wa futsal wa Brazil ([[Sporting CP (futsal)|Sporting CP]], [[MFK Norilsk Nickel|Norilsk Nickel]], [[Timu ya taifa ya futsal ya Brazil|timu ya taifa]]).<ref>[https://www.championat.com/other/news-6308058-v-uhte-skonchalsya-igrok-mfk-norilskij-nikel-aleks-felipe.html В Ухте скончался 32-летний нападающий МФК «Норильский никель» Алекс Фелипе] {{in lang|ru}}</ref> *[[Angella D. Ferguson]], 100, daktari wa watoto wa Amerika.<ref>[https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/washingtonpost/name/angella-ferguson-obituary?id=60507419 Angella Ferguson]</ref> *[[Edith M. Flanigen]], 96, mwanakemia wa Amerika.<ref>[https://www.invent.org/inductees/edith-flanigen Edith Flanigen]</ref> *[[Robert Goebbels]], 81, mwanasiasa wa Luxembourg, [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa uchumi na biashara ya nje wa Luxembourg|waziri wa uchumi]] (1989–1999) na [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa nishati wa Luxembourg|nishati]] (1994–1999), mtia saini wa [[Mkataba wa Schengen]].<ref>[https://today.rtl.lu/news/luxembourg/schengen-signatory-robert-goebbels-passes-away-at-81-1716960005 Schengen signatory Robert Goebbels passes away at 81]</ref> *[[Richard Hynes]], 81, mwanabiolojia wa Uingereza.<ref>[https://news.mit.edu/2026/richard-hynes-dies-0123 Richard Hynes, a pioneer in the biology of cellular adhesion, dies at 81]</ref> *[[Suresh Kalmadi]], 81, mwanasiasa na msimamizi wa michezo wa India, [[Bunge la India|Mbunge]] (1982–2014) na rais wa [[Chama cha Olimpiki cha India|IOA]] (1996–2011).<ref>[https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/former-union-minister-suresh-kalmadi-passes-away-at-81-after-prolonged-illness-13758255.html Former Union minister Suresh Kalmadi passes away at 81 after prolonged illness]</ref> *[[Doug LaMalfa]], 65, mwanasiasa wa Amerika, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Marekani]] (tangu 2013), mshtuko wa moyo.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/jan/06/doug-lamalfa-dies-california Doug LaMalfa, California Republican congressman, dies aged 65]</ref> *[[József Láyer]], 70, mwanasiasa wa Hungaria, [[Bunge la Kitaifa (Hungaria)|Mbunge]] (1998–2006).<ref>[https://www.parlament.hu/web/guest/nyitolap/-/asset_publisher/S5FDl868Frny/content/elhunyt-láyer-józsef-volt-országgyűlési-képviselő Elhunyt Láyer József volt országgyűlési képviselő] {{in lang|hu}}</ref> *[[Rhoda Levine]], 93, mwongozaji wa opera na mwanakoreografia wa Amerika.<ref>[https://operawire.com/obituary-opera-director-rhoda-levine-dies-at-93/ Obituary: Opera Director Rhoda Levine Dies at 93]</ref> *[[Jim McBride (songwriter)|Jim McBride]], 78, mtunzi wa nyimbo za country wa Amerika ("[[Chasin' That Neon Rainbow|Chasing That Neon Rainbow]]", "[[(Who Says) You Can't Have It All]]", "[[Chattahoochee (song)|Chattahoochee]]").<ref>[https://www.waff.com/2026/01/07/alabama-music-hall-famer-huntsville-native-jim-mcbride-dies-78/ Alabama Music Hall of Famer, Huntsville native Jim McBride, dies at 78]</ref> *[[Jack McGregor]], 91, mwanasiasa na mmiliki wa timu ya michezo wa Amerika, mjumbe wa [[Seneti ya Jimbo la Pennsylvania]] (1963–1970) na mwanzilishi wa [[Pittsburgh Penguins]].<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/jack-mcgregor-dies-pittsburgh-penguins/ Jack McGregor, original founder of Pittsburgh Penguins, dies at 91]</ref> *[[Kathleen Muxel]], 54, mwanasiasa wa Ujerumani, mjumbe wa [[Landtag ya Brandenburg]] (tangu 2019).<ref>[https://www.n-tv.de/regionales/berlin-und-brandenburg/AfD-Landtagsabgeordnete-Muxel-gestorben-id30210190.html AfD-Landtagsabgeordnete Muxel gestorben] {{in lang|de}}</ref> *[[Raffaele Nogaro]], 92, kiongozi wa Kanisa Katoliki la Roma wa Italia, askofu wa [[Jimbo la Sessa Aurunca]] (1982–1990) na wa [[Jimbo la Caserta]] (1990–2009).<ref>[https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bnogaro.html Bishop Raffaele Nogaro †]</ref> *[[John F. O'Donohue]], 79, mwigizaji wa Amerika (''[[NYPD Blue]]'', ''[[As Good as It Gets]]'', ''[[The Family Man]]'').<ref>[https://lowtherfamily.com/obituaries/john-f-odonohue/ John F. O'Donohue]</ref> *[[Saeid Pirdoost]], 85, mwigizaji wa Iran (''[[Snake Fang]]'', ''[[Son of Adam, Daughter of Eve]]'', ''[[Great Award]]''), saratani.<ref>[https://en.mehrnews.com/news/240504/Veteran-Iranian-actor-Saeid-Pirdoost-passes-away Veteran Iranian actor Saeid Pirdoost passes away]</ref> *[[Claude Pivi]], 66, afisa wa jeshi wa Guinea, matatizo kutokana na ugonjwa wa kisukari.<ref>[https://globalnation.inquirer.net/304660/guinea-ex-security-chief-convicted-over-crimes-against-humanity-dies Guinea ex-security chief convicted over crimes against humanity dies]</ref> *[[Jaap Pop]], 84, mwanasiasa wa Uholanzi, meya wa [[Haarlem]] (1995–2006).<ref>[https://haarlem.nl/oud-burgemeester-jaap-pop-overleden Oud-burgemeester Jaap Pop overleden] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20260109123121/https://haarlem.nl/oud-burgemeester-jaap-pop-overleden |date=2026-01-09 }} {{in lang|nl}}</ref> *[[David Quail]], 88, mwanasiasa na mwelimishaji wa Afrika Kusini, mjumbe wa [[Baraza la Wawakilishi la Mkoa wa Gauteng]] (1999–2009).<ref>[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/politics/da-gauteng-mourns-passing-of-former-mpl-david-quai DA Gauteng mourns passing of former MPL David Quail]</ref> ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2026]] omrezv8c792wheiyp9mbp1uv9r7sv3h 0 236486 1548092 1545932 2026-05-22T06:48:52Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548092 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andrew Yan-Tak Ng''' (alizaliwa [[Aprili 18]], [[1976]]) ni [[Mwanasayansi wa Mahesabu ya Kompyuta|mwanasayansi wa kompyuta]] na [[mjasiriamali]] katika teknolojia mwenye uraia wa [[Uingereza]] na [[Marekani]] akizingatia ujifunzaji wa mashine (machine learning) na [[Akili mnemba|akili ya mnemba]] (AI)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://time.com/collection/time100-ai/6310614/andrew-ng/ |title=Andrew Ng |website=[[Time Magazine]] |date=September 7, 2023 |access-date=2023-11-07 |archive-date=2023-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106202016/https://time.com/collection/time100-ai/6310614/andrew-ng/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Ng alikuwa mwanzilishi mwenza na mkuu wa Google Brain na alikuwa Mwanasayansi Mkuu wa zamani wa Baidu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2014/10/06/daphne-koller-and-andrew-ng.html |title=CNBC Next List: Daphne Koller and Andrew Ng |date=October 6, 2014 |publisher=CNBC}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/22/business/baidu-artificial-intelligence-andrew-ng.html|title=A.I. Expert at Baidu, Andrew Ng, Resigns From Chinese Search Giant |last=Mozur|first=Paul|date=March 22, 2017|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 17, 2019|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wajasiriamali wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 66ngpu7n8a6rozx4q7ymm9xrlo2ci2e 0 236502 1547922 1546026 2026-05-22T00:52:17Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547922 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noureddine Yazid Zerhouni''' (5 Septemba 1937 – 18 Desemba 2020) alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani wa [[Aljeria|Algeria]]. Alizaliwa Tunis. Mwaka 2000 alilazwa hospitalini mjini Algiers kutokana na hali ya kiafya ambayo haikuwekwa wazi hadharani. Alifariki mjini Algiers tarehe 18 Desemba 2020.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Noureddine Yazid Zerhouni, Minister of State for Interior and Local Governments of Algeria|url=http://ourworldleaders.com/Algeria/Noureddine+Yazid/ZERHOUNI|work=ourworldleaders.com|accessdate=2026-05-19|archive-date=2017-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416041759/http://ourworldleaders.com/Algeria/Noureddine+Yazid/ZERHOUNI|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1937]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] j3dqeil1j1h5vkzxtz6a750knd7ndxj 0 236508 1548045 1545981 2026-05-22T05:14:03Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548045 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexia Turimei Manombe-Ncube''' (amezaliwa 7 Desemba 1964) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Disability council did not come on silver platter|url=https://neweralive.na/in/posts/disability-council-did-not-come-on-silver-platter|work=Truth, for its own sake.|language=in|access-date=2026-05-19|archive-date=2021-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201191449/https://neweralive.na/in/posts/disability-council-did-not-come-on-silver-platter|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Naibu Waziri wa Masuala ya Ulemavu kuanzia 21 Machi 2015 hadi 21 Machi 2025. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1964]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6e4cijrdo0o9s1x00py36yvyf7c5uwg 0 236512 1548146 1545997 2026-05-22T09:03:06Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548146 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Asser Mbai''' (amezaliwa 1950 huko Otjiwarongo) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Rais wa National Unity Democratic Organization (NUDO) kuanzia 2014 hadi 2019. Amekuwa pia mwanachama wa Bunge la Namibia tangu 2005, baada ya kuchukua nafasi ya uongozi wa NUDO kufuatia kifo cha Kuaima Riruako tarehe 2 Juni 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Era|url=http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=7309|work=www.newera.com.na|accessdate=2026-05-19|archive-date=2011-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716055037/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=7309|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rty41fexuc7qtkfoyc07oxwsteptq0j 0 236538 1547918 1546059 2026-05-22T00:14:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547918 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Winnie Moongo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Tangu Machi 2020, amekuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Taifa la Namibia (National Assembly). Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Popular Democratic Movement (PDM).<ref>{{Citation|title=PDM finalises parliamentary list|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/193645/archive-read/PDM-finalises-parliamentary-list|work=The Namibian|language=en|access-date=2026-05-19|archive-date=2020-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026100802/https://www.namibian.com.na/193645/archive-read/PDM-finalises-parliamentary-list|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] b2gjk3bvhnys9bmqk0plljw6ua08k5z 0 236552 1547915 1546083 2026-05-22T00:07:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547915 wikitext text/x-wiki '''William Warren Orcutt''' ([[Februari 14]], [[1869]] – [[1942]]) alikuwa mwanajiolojia wa mafuta aliyehesabiwa kama mwanzilishi katika maendeleo ya uzalishaji wa mafuta huko [[California]], na matumizi ya jiolojia katika tasnia ya mafuta. Pia alijulikana kwa michango yake kwa [[Palantolojia]], ambayo ilileta visukuku vya [[La Brea Tar Pits]] kwa tahadhari ya jamii ya kisayansi.<ref name=Redmon>{{cite web|last=Redmon|first=Michael|title=What is the history of Orcutt?|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/dec/21/what-history-orcutt/|publisher=Santa Barbara Independent|accessdate=30 September 2012}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1869]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1942]] d9kqcthpstv1fz0kdi6fazd2rrnbc5v 0 236645 1548050 1546233 2026-05-22T05:29:30Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548050 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alison Croggon''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1962) ni mshairi, mwandishi wa michezo ya kuigiza, mwandishi wa riwaya za njozi ([[fantasy]]), na mwandishi wa matini za opera ([[librettist]]) wa kisasa kutoka nchi ya [[Australia]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |title=Alison Croggon |url=https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A11768 |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=AustLit: Discover Australian Stories |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1962||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Australia]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Australia]] s8etc97a8pzktwid51tegw8sngj2dp0 0 236650 1547860 1546385 2026-05-21T19:36:56Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547860 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uilika Nambahu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa Meya wa Walvis Bay tarehe 14 Mei 2008, akimrithi Derek Klazen. Mnamo Mei 2010, alichaguliwa tena kwa muhula wake wa tatu wa mwaka mmoja kama meya wa mji huo.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=New Era|url=http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=11018|work=www.newera.com.na|accessdate=2026-05-19|archive-date=2011-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716055530/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=11018|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] 2mjiy0ut7n0uj0tg2gjsd9qm8utq5zt 0 236674 1547636 1546378 2026-05-21T12:27:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547636 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tako Taal''' ni msanii, mtengenezaji wa filamu na mtayarishaji programu za sanaa mwenye asili ya Wales na [[Gambia]] anayeishi [[Glasgow]], [[Uskoti|Scotland]]. Kazi zake zinaangazia athari za kijamii na kisaikolojia za [[ukoloni]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Margaret Tait Award 2021 {{!}} Shortlist Announced|url=https://luxscotland.org.uk/news/margaret-tait-award-2021-shortlist-announced|work=luxscotland.org.uk|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en}}</ref> Kazi zake zimefanyiwa uchambuzi katika majarida na magazeti ya ''Art Monthly'', ''the Scotsman'', na ''Studio International.'' == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Tako Taal alizaliwa Wales mnamo mwaka 1989 huku familia yake ikitokea Jufureh, nchini Gambia. Alisoma katika Shule ya Sanaa ya Gray huko [[Aberdeen]], akisomea utendaji wa sanaa za kisasa, na alihitimu masomo yake mnamo mwaka 2015.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Welcome to DCA|url=https://www.dca.org.uk/|work=Dundee Contemporary Arts|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gray's School of Art 'comes alive' for annual degree show|url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/entertainment/whats-on/615054/grays-school-of-art-comes-alive-from-annual-degree-show/|work=Press and Journal|date=2015-06-20|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Uigizaji == Filamu za Taal zinaangazia wingi na utofauti wa utambulisho, na kuchunguza umuhimu wa kijamii na kihistoria wa nyumba ya baba yake, Jufureh, na uundaji wa hadithi za kubuni kuhusu kurudi kwa maeneo ambayo hayapo tena isipokuwa katika "ramani za huzuni na hasara".<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Home, History and Her Father’s Gaze: What Does Film Mean to Tako Taal?|url=https://elephant.art/home-history-and-her-fathers-gaze-what-does-film-mean-to-tako-taal-11102021/|work=ELEPHANT|date=2021-10-11|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en-US|author=Ravi Ghosh}}</ref> == Kazi == Taal alikuwa mjumbe wa kamati katika Jumba la Sanaa la Market Gallery mjini Glasgow kuanzia mwaka 2016 hadi 2018.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tako Taal {{!}} Talbot Rice Gallery|url=https://www.trg.ed.ac.uk/resident/tako-taal|work=www.trg.ed.ac.uk|accessdate=2026-05-19}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2018 hadi 2020, alikuwa Msanii Mkazi katika Jumba la Sanaa la Talbot Rice mjini [[Edinburgh]], na mnamo mwaka 2019, alikuwa mshiriki katika Taasisi ya RAW iliyo chini ya Kampuni ya RAW Material mjini [[Dakar]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tako Taal|url=https://studiopavilion.co.uk/tako-taal/|work=Studio Pavilion|date=2021-08-11|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en-GB|author=markr-f}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tako Taal|url=http://www.rawmaterialcompany.org/_3266|work=www.rawmaterialcompany.org|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=fr}}</ref> Baada ya kutotembelea kwa miaka 11, alisafiri kwenda nchini Gambia mwaka 2016, na kurekodi video katika Taasisi ya Utalii na Ukarimu ya Gambia. Video hii ilijumuishwa katika filamu ya mwaka 2017 iitwayo ''You Know it but it Don’t Know You''.<ref name=":0" /> Taal na msanii mwenzake Adam Benmakhlouf waliandaa tamasha la picha za wasanii la mwaka 2021 lililoitwa ''Give Birth to Me Tomorrow'' lililoandaliwa na LUX Scotland, na kufanyika katika ukumbi wa Tramway, huko Glasgow.<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tako Taal and Adam Benmakhlouf – interview: ‘This slow-motion style of festival creates a community of audience members’|url=https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/tako-taal-adam-benmakhlouf-interview-artists-moving-image-festival-tramway-glasgow-lux-scotland|work=www.studiointernational.com|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en|author=Christiana Spens}}</ref> Hapo awali lilipangwa kuwa tukio la wikendi, lakini kutokana na changamoto zilizoendelea za janga la [[Mlipuko wa virusi vya korona 2019-20|UVIKO-19]] nchini [[Uingereza]], lilifanyika katika wikendi kadhaa ndani ya mwaka mzima wa 2021, katika rariba iliyoambatana na kalenda ya mwezi.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Galleries: Artists over the moon at film festival|url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/19028278.galleries-artists-moon-film-festival/|work=The Herald|date=2021-01-25|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en}}</ref> ''At the shore, everything touches'' (2021) Ilichunguza uhusiano wa Taal na kijiji cha nyumbani kwa baba yake, pamoja na historia ya eneo hilo kuhusiana na biashara ya utumwa ya Atlantiki.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=n2:0140-0460 - Search Results|url=https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=n2:0140-0460|work=search.worldcat.org|accessdate=2026-05-19}}</ref> (Kijiji hiko kiko karibu sana na Kisiwa cha Kunta Kinteh [kilichojulikana zamani kama Kisiwa cha James], ambacho kilikuwa ngome ya kikoloni ya Ulaya (na baadaye Uingereza)).<ref name=":0" /> Jarida la ''Art Monthly'' lilielezea kuwa kazi hiyo inamthibitisha Taal "kama miongoni mwa wasanii muhimu zaidi wa taaluma mbalimbali wanaofanya kazi leo.".<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Gale - Product Login|url=https://galeapps.gale.com/apps/auth?userGroupName=wikipedia&sid=ebsco&da=true&origURL=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%257CA708625410&v=2.1&it=r&sid=ebsco&u=wikipedia&p=AONE&prodId=AONE|work=galeapps.gale.com|accessdate=2026-05-19}}</ref> Filamu ya ''Halo Nevus (2021)'', pia inachunguza uhusiano wake na nchi yake ya nyumbani kwa baba yake kupitia matumizi ya alama yake ya kuzaliwa kama mhusika mkuu; kufuatia kufifia kwake polepole kwa kipindi cha miaka mitano.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tako Taal / Halo Nevus / NADA House / 8 May - 1 August 2021|url=https://www.patricia-fleming.com/single-post/tako-taal-halo-nevus-nada-house-8-may-1-august-2021|work=Home|date=2021-05-07|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en|author=Admin}}</ref> Taal alikuwa msanii mshiriki katika Tamasha la Sanaa la Edinburgh la mwaka 2021, ambapo alisimamia uundaji wa kazi mpya sita kutoka kwa wasanii wengine ambazo zilizolenga kuangazia maudhui ya filamu ya ''Isaac Julien'' ya mwaka 2019, iitwayo ''Lessons of the Hour''. Kazi hizo zilijumuisha kazi kutoka kwa wasanii walioko Scotland, ambao ni Chizu Anucha, Sequoia Barnes, Thulani Rachia, na Matthew Arthur Williams.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Citation|title=2021 - Edinburgh Art Festival|url=https://www.edinburghartfestival.com/the-festival/edinburgh-art-festival-archive/edinburgh-art-festival-2021/|work=Edinburgh Art Festival|language=en-GB|access-date=2026-05-19|archive-date=2022-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012173805/https://www.edinburghartfestival.com/the-festival/edinburgh-art-festival-archive/edinburgh-art-festival-2021/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia alihitimisha muda wake wa ukazi katika ukumbi wa Studio Pavilion mjini Glasgow, ambako amekuwa akitengeneza kazi kwa ajili ya maonyesho yake ya kwanza ya kitaasisi, yaliyozinduliwa katika kituo cha Dundee Contemporary Arts mwishoni mwa mwaka 2021.<ref name=":0" /> == Maonyesho yaliyochaguliwa == * 2017 – ''Compound'', Intermedia Gallery, Kituo cha Sanaa za Kisasa, Glasgow<ref name=":1" /> * 2018 – ''Inherited Premises'', Grand Union, Birmingham<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Moments Of Respite: Curator Seán Elder On Tako Taal & Rami George|url=https://thequietus.com/culture/art/inherited-premises-rami-george-tako-taal-grand-union-sen-elder-interview/|work=The Quietus|date=2018-07-28|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en-GB|author=The Quietus}}</ref> * 2019 – ''A Spoon is the Safest Vessel'', Maktaba ya Wanawake ya Glasgow<ref name=":1" /> * 2020 – ''Survey II'', Sanaa za Jerwood<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tako Taal Announced on Margaret Tait Award Shortlist. – Jerwood Arts|url=https://jerwoodarts.org/2021/02/04/tako-taal-announced-on-margaret-tait-award-shortlist/|work=jerwoodarts.org|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en-GB|archive-date=2022-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012150053/https://jerwoodarts.org/2021/02/04/tako-taal-announced-on-margaret-tait-award-shortlist/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2021 – ''At the shore, everything touches'', Sanaa ya Kisasa ya Dundee<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Infinite Loop: Tako Taal on her DCA exhibition - The Skinny|url=https://www.theskinny.co.uk/art/emerging-artists/tako-taal-dca-dundee|work=www.theskinny.co.uk|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Art reviews: Tako Taal {{!}} Rae-Yen Song {{!}} Amartey Golding|url=https://www.scotsman.com/arts-and-culture/art/art-reviews-tako-taal-rae-yen-song-amartey-golding-3581372|work=The Scotsman|date=2022-02-22|accessdate=2026-05-19|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji Filamu]] [[Jamii:Waandaaji wa Filamu]] 2vtyiynrj8p9v2c62dcd033afi3gt96 0 236747 1547812 1546520 2026-05-21T18:07:55Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547812 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Timothy S. Armstrong''' (amezaliwa 12 Mei 1967) ni mchezaji wa zamani wa hoki ya barafu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alicheza mechi 11 katika National Hockey League (NHL) akiwa na timu ya Toronto Maple Leafs katika msimu wa 1988–89. Sehemu kubwa ya maisha yake ya uchezaji aliitumia katika American Hockey League. == Maisha ya awali == Armstrong alizaliwa mjini Toronto, Ontario. Akiwa kijana alicheza katika mashindano ya Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament mwaka 1980 akiwa na timu ya Toronto Young Nationals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.publicationsports.com/ressources/files/439/Joueurs_Pro.pdf|title=Pee-Wee players who have reached NHL or WHA|year=2018|website=Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament|access-date=16 Januari 2019|archive-date=2019-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306085544/https://www.publicationsports.com/ressources/files/439/Joueurs_Pro.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Kazi ya michezo == Armstrong alicheza mechi 11 kwa Toronto Maple Leafs katika msimu wa 1988–89 na kufunga bao moja.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/player/tim-armstrong-8445087|title=Tim Armstrong NHL Stats|publisher=NHL.com|access-date=30 Desemba 2022}}</ref> Pia alicheza katika ligi mbalimbali za kiwango cha chini Amerika Kaskazini kabla ya kustaafu mwaka 1991.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/pdisplay.php?pid=94|title=Tim Armstrong hockey statistics and profile|website=HockeyDB.com|access-date=19 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Maisha binafsi == Binti yake Hannah Armstrong alikuwa sehemu ya timu ya taifa ya wanawake chini ya miaka 18 ya Kanada iliyoshinda medali ya dhahabu katika Mashindano ya Dunia ya IIHF mwaka 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sportscardradio.com/index.php/product-previews-a-reviews/714-2010-upper-deck-ud-world-of-sports-checklist|title=2010 Upper Deck UD World of Sports Checklist|date=21 Agosti 2010|access-date=19 Mei 2026|archive-date=2016-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602035700/http://www.sportscardradio.com/index.php/product-previews-a-reviews/714-2010-upper-deck-ud-world-of-sports-checklist|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} == Jamii == [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Kanada]] fx2wv5x12pnzd2w53pubctbprlvp8s7 0 236784 1547903 1546579 2026-05-21T22:21:12Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547903 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Vivienne Christiana Gracia Plumb''' (alizaliwa tarehe 4 Aprili 1955) ni mshairi, mwandishi wa michezo ya kuigiza, mwandishi wa hadithi za kubuni, na mhariri kutoka nchi ya [[New Zealand]].<ref name = 'twenty'/> == Wasifu == Plumb ana asili ya pande zote mbili za New Zealand na Australia.<ref name = 'twenty'>{{cite book|last1=Forster|first1=Michelanne|last2=Plumb|first2=Vivienne|title=Twenty New Zealand Playwrights|date=2013|publisher=Playmarket|location=Wellington|isbn=9780908607471}}</ref> Alizaliwa mjini Sydney, Australia, na alitunukiwa Shahada ya Kwanza ya Sanaa ([[Bachelor of Arts]]) katika fasihi ya Kiingereza pamoja na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa ([[Master of Arts]]) katika uandishi wa ubunifu kutoka taasisi ya [[International Institute of Modern Letters]] katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Victoria cha Wellington]], New Zealand. Pia amepata Shahada ya Uzamifu ya Sanaa ya Ubunifu (Doctor of Creative Arts - DCA) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Wollongong, Australia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Viveinne Plumb|url=http://www.bookcouncil.org.nz/Writers/Profiles/Plumb,%20Vivienne|website=New Zealand Book Council|access-date=7 August 2015|archive-date=2016-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322115016/http://www.bookcouncil.org.nz/Writers/Profiles/Plumb%2C%20Vivienne|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tasnifu yake ya udaktari ya mwaka 2012, iliyopewa jina la ''Hitchhiking: the travelling female body'', ilikuwa na sehemu mbili: mkusanyiko wa hadithi fupi za kubuni, ''The Glove Box and Other Stories''; pamoja na ufafanuzi wa kina uliombatana nazo.<ref>{{cite thesis |url=https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3913/ |title=Hitchhiking: the travelling female body |first=Vivienne |last=Plumb |location=University of Wollongong |type=DCA |year=2012 |access-date=10 May 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1955||}} [[Jamii:Watu wa New Zealand]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa New Zealand]] efefg5dgjdradnw1kjgwicwwe6pyo9a 0 236819 1547877 1547397 2026-05-21T20:27:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547877 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Usutuaije Maamberua''' (amezaliwa 5 Agosti 1957) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Aliwahi kuwa Rais wa chama cha South West Africa National Union (SWANU) kuanzia mwaka 2007 hadi 2017.<ref>{{Citation|title=So, who is going to parliament?|date=2014-12-02|url=https://www.newera.com.na/2014/12/02/so-parliament/|work=New Era Newspaper Namibia|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-20|archive-date=2015-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150729091837/https://www.newera.com.na/2014/12/02/so-parliament/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia amehudumu katika Bunge la Taifa la Namibia tangu mwaka 2010. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] gvbik03cy6rmdz06utqg1th97juc93b 0 236945 1548145 1546821 2026-05-22T09:03:04Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548145 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Asser Kuveri Kapere''' (amezaliwa 11 Juni 1951) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha SWAPO na aliwahi kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Taifa la Namibia kuanzia Desemba 2004 hadi Desemba 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=USAID Telling Our Story: Namibia - Strengthening Democracy, Civil Society|url=http://www.usaid.gov/stories/namibia/ss_na_civilsociety.html|work=www.usaid.gov|accessdate=2026-05-20|author=USAID|archive-date=2007-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101034134/http://www.usaid.gov/stories/namibia/ss_na_civilsociety.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hpp2k1woea64kfdoh84o0nlamqz0qyx 0 236960 1547929 1547271 2026-05-22T01:17:40Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|honorific_prefix={{small|[[Order of Merit (Egypt)|OME]]}}|name=Youssef Chahine|native_name=يوسف شاهين|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|2008|7|27|1926|1|25}}|death_place=[[Cairo]], [[Egypt]]|picha=Youssef Chahine 1978.jpg|uraia=Misri|kazi yake=Muongozaji, Mtayarishaji, Muigizaji na Mwandishi wa Filamu|tarehe ya kuzaliwa=25 Januari 1926, Alexandria, Misri|tarehe ya kufa=27 Julai 2008|mahali alipofia=Caro, Misri|maelezo=Youssef Chahine mwaka 1978|jina la kuzaliwa=Youssef Gabriel Chahine}} '''Youssef Gabriel Chahine''' (25 Januari 1926 &#x2013; 27 Julai 2008) alikuwa mkurugenzi wa filamu wa Misri <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0149631/bio|title=Youssef Chahine|work=IMDb|accessdate=2016-12-03}}</ref> Alikuwa akifanya kazi katika tasnia ya filamu ya Misri kuanzia mwaka wa 1950 hadi kifo chake mwaka wa 2008. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1461285/Gabriel-Youssef-Chahine|title=Encyclopædia Britannica: Chahine, (Gabriel) Youssef, Egyptian filmmaker|publisher=Britannica.com|accessdate=17 February 2012}}</ref> Aliongoza filamu kumi na mbili zilizojumuishwa katika orodha ya filamu 100 Bora za Misri zilizochapishwa na Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Cairo. <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.imdb.com/list/ls033161709/|title=Top 100 Egyptian Films|publisher=imdb.com|accessdate=11 August 2024}}</ref> Kama mshindi wa Tuzo ya Maadhimisho ya miaka 50 ya Cannes (kwa mafanikio ya maisha), Chahine alipewa sifa ya kuanzisha kazi ya mwigizaji Omar Sharif.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Legendary Egyptian film director in coma|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20080616-legendary-egyptian-film-director-coma-cinema-youssef-chahine|work=France 24|date=2008-06-15|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en}}</ref> Mkurugenzi anayeheshimika sana na wakosoaji, mara nyingi alikuwepo kwenye sherehe za filamu wakati wa miongo ya awali ya kazi yake. Chahine alipata hadhira yake kubwa zaidi ya kimataifa kama mmoja wa wakurugenzi wenza wa ''11'9"01 Septemba 11'' (2002).<ref>{{Citation|last=Young|first=Deborah|title=Review: ‘11’09”01 September 11’|date=2002-09-06|url=http://variety.com/2002/film/reviews/11-09-01-september-11-1200546469|work=Variety|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-20}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali== Chahine alizaliwa Alexandria, Misri kutoka katika familia ya [[Kanisa Katoliki la Kimelkiti]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Scott|first=A. O.|title=Youssef Chahine, Egyptian Filmmaker, Dies at 82|date=2008-07-28|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/28/movies/28chahine.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2026-05-20}}</ref> Baba yake alikuwa mwanasheria kutokea Zahle, [[Lebanoni|Lebanon]]<ref>{{Citation|last=Whitaker|first=Sheila|title=Youssef Chahine|date=2008-07-27|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2008/jul/28/egypt|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2026-05-20}}</ref> na alikuwa mwanachama wa ''Egyptian nationalist Wafd Party''. Mama yake, Claire Bastorous alikuwa na lafudhi ya kigirikina alifanya Kazi kama fundi cherehani. Ingawa Chahine alikuzwa katika ukatoliki, hakuwa anaamini kwenye Dini hiyo. Akiulizwa kuhusu Dini yake alisema kuwa yeye ni Mmisri. Akiwa nyumbani Chahines alikuwa akizungumza lugha Tano, kitu ambacho kilikuwa cha kawaida huko cosmopolitan Alexandria kwa wakati ule. Chahine alikuwa na wazazi wenye upendo na alikuwa na uhusiano thabiti na wote wawili, ingawa mama na baba yake walikuwa na haiba tofauti. Katika umri mdogo, alijua kile alichotaka kuwa. Chahine angekaa chini ya kitanda chake na chumbani mwake kwa saa nyingi, akijionyesha katika tasnia iwe katika jumba la maonyesho, jumba la sinema au kampuni ya utayarishaji.<ref>{{Rejea jarida |last=Chahine |first=Youssef |last2=Massad |first2=Joseph |date=1999 |title=Art and Politics in the Cinema of Youssef Chahine |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2537936 |journal=Journal of Palestine Studies |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=77–93 |doi=10.2307/2537936 |issn=0377-919X}}</ref> Alipoulizwa kuhusu utoto wake na nia yake ya mapema katika sinema, Chahine alisema: "Nikiwa na umri wa miaka minane, niligundua kuwa filamu na projekta za 9.5 mm zilikuwa zikiuzwa madukani. Niliokoa kutoka kwa posho ya kununua projekta kisha nikawa mtu wa kawaida wa filamu za Rabbani Bibi. Nilikuwa nikikusanya watoto wa kitongoji ili kuwaonyesha filamu hizi. Baadhi yao hawakujali sinema na walikuja na visingizio vya kutohudhuria lakini hawakuwa na chaguo la kutokuhudhuria kwa sababu niliunda kikundi cha kuwapiga wanaochelewa kuja kuangalia sinema, kwa hiyo hawakuwa na chaguo ila kuhudhuria shoo."<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526141736/9781526141736.xml|title=Postcolonial African cinema: Ten directors|last=Murphy|first=David|last2=Williams|first2=Patrick|date=2019-01-04|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-1-5261-4173-6|doi=10.7765/9781526141736.00008}}</ref> Katika miaka iliyofuata, dhana mbili zilimkasirisha Chahine na kuziba maslahi yake: kujiingiza katika mawazo ya ngono na sinema. Miaka michache baadaye, Chahine alishughulika na kifo cha kaka yake Alfred, ambaye alikuwa na umri wa miaka miwili tu kuliko yeye. Chahine daima alikumbuka macho ya Alfred, ambayo yaliathiri kazi yake. Waigizaji wake wengi wa kiume walikuwa na macho yanayofanana na ya Alfred.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/youssefchahine00ibra|title=Youssef Chahine|last=Fawal|first=Ibrahim|date=2001|publisher=London : British Film Institute|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-85170-859-1}}</ref> Kulingana na Chahine, baba yake alikuwa mwaminifu, ambayo iliingia katika maadili yake na ilikuwa sifa ambayo alithamini kuwa nayo. Pamoja na uaminifu, babake Chahine alichochea upendo wake kwa vitabu. Akiwa wakili, babake Chahine hakuweza kuendelea na bili za masomo, kwa hiyo alifunga ofisi yake ya sheria na kuchukua kazi katika idara ya sheria katika manispaa ya Alexandria ili aweze kumpeleka Chahine katika Chuo cha Victoria. Kumbukumbu nyingine ambayo Chahine alipenda sana ni jinsi baba yake alivyompeleka jangwani na kumfundisha jinsi ya kutafuta alama na kutafuta njia ya kurudi nyumbani. Kutafuta maeneo ya filamu mara nyingi kulirudisha kumbukumbu hizi. Nyumba yao ilikuwa ya kifahari, ingawa hawakuwa matajiri. Ilibidi wawe na adabu nzuri, na makosa yalikuwa na adhabu (ambayo kwa kawaida ilimaanisha kula chakula cha jioni peke yake jikoni badala ya nje kwenye meza ya familia) Licha ya kuwa walikuwa na pesa nyingi, bado wangepata wageni kwa chakula cha jioni na waliishi bila kuzingatia sana taarifa za benki. ==Elimu== Akiwa amevutiwa na sanaa ya maigizo tangu akiwa mdogo, Chahine mchanga alianza kuunda maonyesho nyumbani kwa familia yake. Chahine alianza elimu yake katika shule ya Frères Collège Saint Marc. Alikua, alihudhuria Chuo cha Victoria cha wasomi cha Alexandria. Baada ya kuhitimu kutoka chuo kikuu cha Victoria mnamo 1944, aliazimia kwenda nje ya nchi kutimiza matamanio yake. Wazazi wake walikataa, na walijaribu kuzungumza naye ili atoke. Walimandikisha katika chuo cha Uhandisi katika Chuo Kikuu cha Alexandria, lakini Chahine alikataa na baadaye akasema kwamba alipaswa "kuwatumia vibaya, na karibu kuruka nje ya dirisha." Baadaye aliweza kupata alichotaka, na akajiandikisha katika Jumba la kucheza la Pasadena huko California ambapo alisomea uigizaji na televisheni, lakini sio filamu. Kati ya wanafunzi 200 waliohudhuria, ni kumi na tatu pekee waliofanya mtihani wa mwisho, na wanne tu ndio waliofaulu, huku Chahine akishika nafasi ya kwanza. Baada ya kurudi kutoka Pasadena, Chahine hakufanya kazi katika ukumbi wa michezo wa Misri au filamu. Badala yake, alifanya kazi katika idara ya utangazaji ya 20th Century Fox, ambapo alifanya kazi na Gianni Vernuccio na Alvise Orfanelli. Wakati huo, mtayarishaji alimgeukia Chahine kumaliza filamu baada ya mwongozaji kuondoka kufuatia ugomvi, lakini Chahine alikataa kukamilisha kazi ya mtu mwingine. Katika hafla nyingine, Chahine alipewa nafasi ya Mkurugenzi Msaidizi, ambayo pia aliikataa, akisema kuwa alikuwa akifanya kazi kwenye sinema za Hollywood hapo awali na jukumu la Mkurugenzi Msaidizi sio la kwake. ==Kuanza kama Muongozaji wa Filamu== Baada ya kurudi Misri, alielekeza fikira zake katika kuelekeza. Mwigizaji wa sinema Alvise Orfanelli alimsaidia Chahine katika biashara ya filamu. Chahine aliongoza filamu yake ya kwanza mwaka 1950, Baba Amin (Daddy Amin) akiwa na umri wa miaka 23, miaka miwili kabla ya mapinduzi ya Misri ya 1952 ambayo yalishuhudia kupinduliwa kwa utawala wa kifalme na kuinuka kwa kiongozi wa charismatic Gamal Abdel Nasser. Mwaka mmoja baadaye, akiwa na Son of the Nile (1951) alialikwa kwa mara ya kwanza kwenye Tamasha la Filamu la Cannes. Sira' fi-l-Wadi (Mapambano Bondeni) alimtambulisha Omar Sharif kwenye skrini ya sinema. Mnamo mwaka 1970 alitunukiwa tuzo ya Tanit ya Dhahabu kwenye Tamasha la Filamu la Carthage kwa al-Ikhtiyar (Chaguo). Akiwa na The Sparrow (1972), ambapo alionyesha maoni yake ya kisiasa baada ya Vita vya Siku Sita na Israeli, aliongoza utengenezaji wa ushirikiano wa kwanza wa Misri-Algeria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Arab Film Festival - Australia » Filmmakers » YOUSSEF CHAHINE|url=http://arabfilmfestival.com.au/filmmakers/youssef-chahine/|work=arabfilmfestival.com.au|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US|archive-date=2009-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619151722/http://arabfilmfestival.com.au/filmmakers/youssef-chahine/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Alishinda zawadi ya Silver Bear Special Jury katika Tamasha la 29 la Kimataifa la Filamu la Berlin kwa Alexandria... Kwa nini? (1978), awamu ya kwanza katika kile ambacho kingethibitisha kuwa robo ya tawasifu, iliyokamilishwa na Hadithi ya Kimisri (1982), Alexandria, Again and Forever (1990), na Alexandria...New York (2004). Mtayarishaji Humbert Balsan alikwenda Cannes mwaka 2004 akiwa na Alexandria... New York, filamu yake ya tisa akiwa na mkurugenzi wa Misri tangu mwaka wa 1985 Adieu, Bonaparte. Katika moja ya filamu zake Siku ya Sita (1986), muundo wa riwaya iliyoandikwa kwa Kifaransa na mwandishi wa Lebanon André Chedid, mwimbaji maarufu wa Misri Dalida alikuwa mhusika mkuu katika nafasi ya mwanamke maskini wa Misri. ==Marejeo== {{Marejeo}} {{BD|1926|2008}} [[Jamii:watu wa Misri]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] l7q5azobzxgjl3baf22o8gmscgu4zo8 0 236977 1547664 1547408 2026-05-21T13:14:23Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547664 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tangeni Iijambo''' (amezaliwa 24 Novemba 1954) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na msomi wa [[Namibia]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Iijambo ponders future after parliament - The Namibian|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/121074/read/Iijambo-ponders-future-after-parliament|work=The Namibian|language=en|access-date=2026-05-20|archive-date=2023-03-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328180603/https://www.namibian.com.na/121074/read/Iijambo-ponders-future-after-parliament|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yeye aliwahi kuwa Rais wa chama cha South West Africa National Union (SWANU) kuanzia 2017 hadi 2022. Pia alikuwa mbunge wa SWANU katika Bunge la Namibia kuanzia 2018 hadi 2023. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] pfjpugwvybepqhvzabpha5pvbz05j73 0 236992 1547848 1547115 2026-05-21T19:08:31Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547848 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uahekua Herunga''' (amezaliwa 25 Oktoba 1969) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha SWAPO na amewahi kuhudumu katika Baraza la Mawaziri la Namibia katika nyadhifa mbalimbali.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Namibian Broadcasting Corporation|url=http://www.nbc.com.na/article.php?id=2958|work=www.nbc.com.na|accessdate=2026-05-20|archive-date=2011-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720142439/http://www.nbc.com.na/article.php?id=2958|url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia anahudumu kama Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa SWAPO. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] 4fbpim4wgnisggk9oovfdepmd1r12pe 0 236997 1547932 1547135 2026-05-22T01:28:22Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547932 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yves Montand Niyongabo''' ni mwongozaji wa filamu mwenye asili ya [[Burundi]] na [[Rwanda]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Niyongabo quit law school for ‘invincible’ career in film making|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/101732/niyongabo-quit-law-school-for-ainvinciblea-career-in-film-making|work=The New Times|date=2013-12-22|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yves Montand Niyongabo wins Goethe Institut best scriptwriter award|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/94380/Leisure/yves-montand-niyongabo-wins-goethe-institut-best-scriptwriter-award|work=The New Times|date=2013-06-28|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Niyongabo quit law school for ‘invincible’ career in film making|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/101732/niyongabo-quit-law-school-for-ainvinciblea-career-in-film-making|work=The New Times|date=2013-12-22|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Maibobo|url=https://iffr.com/en/iffr/2010/films/maibobo|work=IFFR EN|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Historia == Yves alizaliwa na kukulia nchini [[Burundi]]. Baadaye alihamia nchini Rwanda ambapo aliacha masomo ya sheria na kuingia kwenye uandaaji wa filamu.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rwandan filmmakers paying tribute to a dark past|url=https://rwandatoday.africa/rwanda/lifestyle/rwandan-filmmakers-paying-tribute-to-a-dark-past-2469572|work=Rwanda Today|date=2021-06-02|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en}}</ref> Amefanya kazi kama mratibu wa uzalishaji wa filamu ya ''Munyurangabo'' ya mwaka 2017. Mnamo mwaka 2010, Niyongabo alichaguliwa kushiriki warsha ya filamu iliyoandaliwa na CPH:Dox nchini [[Udeni|Denmark]].<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yves Montand Niyongabo {{!}} IFFR|url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/yves-montand-niyongabo|work=iffr.com|accessdate=2026-05-20|archive-date=2024-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229121457/https://iffr.com/en/persons/yves-montand-niyongabo|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Filamu == * ''Maibobo'' (2010)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Maibobo|url=https://iffr.com/en/iffr/2010/films/maibobo|work=IFFR EN|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-GB}}</ref> * ''Slim Land'' (2012)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Venice’s Biennale College Filmlab Selects 15 Semi-Finalist Projects|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/venices-biennale-college-filmlab-selects-398152/|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=2012-12-05|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US|author=Eric J. Lyman}}</ref> * ''Giti – Paradise in Hell'' (2014)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Docsociety: Home Page - Doc Society|url=https://docsociety.org/|work=docsociety.org|accessdate=2026-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Zim Film Fest {{!}} Screening - MAIBOBO|url=http://www.zimfilmfest.co.zw/screening/main/screening-maibobo.html|work=www.zimfilmfest.co.zw|accessdate=2026-05-20|archive-date=2019-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190918121703/http://www.zimfilmfest.co.zw/screening/main/screening-maibobo.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''The Invincible'' (2014)<ref>{{Citation|last=Tuyisenge|first=Espoir|title=Rethinking Reconciliation winners' Films Premiere & Award Gala at Kigali Serena Hotel, free entrance - Inyarwanda.com|url=https://eng.inyarwanda.com/inkuru/58583/rethinking-reconciliation-winners-films-premiere--58583.html|language=en|access-date=2026-05-20}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Invincible {{!}} African Film|url=http://africa-archive.com/rw/the-invincible|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Munyurangabo''<ref name=":0" /> == Tuzo == * Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Prize, 2013 * Tuzo za Mwandishi Bora wa Muswada za Goethe Institut , 2013<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=allAfrica.com: Rwanda: Yves Montand Niyongabo Wins Goethe Institut Best Scriptwriter Award|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201306280348.html|work=allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Burundi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Rwanda]] [[Jamii:Waandaaji wa Filamu]] s8jfz0r3bag9lmyv0k0tdnkmqnfiq69 0 237009 1548066 1547409 2026-05-22T06:00:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548066 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ambrosius Haingura''' (30 Juni 1957 – 21 Septemba 2000) alikuwa mwanaharakati na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Yeye alikuwa mwanachama wa SWAPO na alihusika kama mwanaharakati wa ndani wakati wa Vita vya Uhuru wa Namibia. Baada ya uhuru, alihudumu kama Diwani wa Jimbo la Rundu Urban kuanzia 1992 hadi kifo chake. Kuanzia 1993 hadi 1995, alikuwa Gavana wa kwanza wa Mkoa wa Kavango, na kuanzia 1996 hadi kifo chake alikuwa mwakilishi wa Mkoa wa Kavango katika Baraza la Taifa la Namibia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Era - Cde Ambrosius Haingura: A great campaigner for equality and freedom|url=http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?title=Cde_Ambrosius_Haingura:_A_great_campaigner_for_equality_and_freedom&articleid=36337|work=www.newera.com.na|accessdate=2026-05-20|author=Omalaeti Technologies, Namibia, www.omalaetiit.com|archive-date=2012-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331025207/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?title=Cde_Ambrosius_Haingura%3A_A_great_campaigner_for_equality_and_freedom&articleid=36337|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2000]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] hi3xg0dmpjo2n1y7mw025asu6d14irv 0 237010 1547888 1547123 2026-05-21T21:10:21Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547888 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uyoyou Adia''' ni muigizaji wa Nollywood na mwongozaji wa filamu. Anajulikana kwa uhusika wake katika filamu za ''Charge and Bail'', ''The Sessions'', na ''Hey You''.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Uyoyou Adia: If You Don’t Believe in Yourself, You May Never Get to Your Destination – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2021/10/02/uyoyou-adia-if-you-dont-believe-in-yourself-you-may-never-get-to-your-destination/|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Uyoyou Adia Delivers Daring ‘Hey You’ – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2022/06/04/uyoyou-adia-delivers-daring-hey-you/|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Judith Audu, Omowumi Dada, Uyoyou Adia team up for ‘The Sessions’|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/08/judith-audu-omowumi-dada-uyoyou-adia-team-up-for-the-sessions/|work=Vanguard News|date=2019-08-30|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-GB|author=Nwafor}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Uyoyou Adia’s Charge And Bail Goes To Amazon Prime|url=https://independent.ng/uyoyou-adias-charge-and-bail-goes-to-amazon-prime/|work=Independent Newspaper Nigeria|date=2022-05-07|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-GB|author=Admin2}}</ref> == Kazi == Adia alianza kama muigizaji mnamo mwaka 2013 ambapo alishiriki katika filamu iliyoitwa ''Child, Not Bride''. Mnamo mwaka 2017, alifanya mafunzo kwa vitendo chini ya Tope Oshin na Remi Ibinola. Baada ya mafunzo hayo, alichaguliwa kushiriki katika Homevida, warsha ya uandishi inayofadhiliwa na Homevida, [[Google]], [[Wakala wa Kimarekani kwa Maendeleo ya Kimataifa|USAID]], na Chuo Kikuu cha Pan-Atlantic. Tangu wakati huo, ameshaandika, kuongoza, na kuigiza katika filamu kadhaa.<ref name=":0" /> == Tuzo na Uteuzi == Yeye ni mmoja wa walioteuliwa kuwania Tuzo ya Tamasha la Filamu na Sanaa la [[Afrika]] katika kipengele cha Waandaaji wa Filamu Wanaoibukia Vizuri Zaidi.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=THE AFRICAN FILM FESTIVAL (TAFF) - Bridging Cultures Through Film|url=http://www.theafricanfilmfestival.org/|work=The African Film Festival|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US|author=Kelechi Eke, Founder/ Director}}</ref> == Filamu == * ''Child Not Bride''<ref name=":0" /> * ''Nneka: The Pretty Serpent (2020)''<ref name=":0" /> * ''Rattlesnake: The Ahanna Story (2020)''<ref name=":0" /> * ''The Ghost and the Tout (2018)''<ref name=":0" /> * ''Charge and Bail (2021)''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Watch: Teaser For 'Charge And Bail' Film Out — Guardian Life — The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/life/film/watch-teaser-for-charge-and-bail-film-out/|work=editor.guardian.ng|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004110328/https://editor.guardian.ng/life/film/watch-teaser-for-charge-and-bail-film-out/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''Superstar (2021)'' * ''The Sessions (2020)''<ref name=":1" /> * ''Hey You (2022)''<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Niyi Akinmolayan’s Anthill partner Adia for Hey You -|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/niyi-akinmolayans-anthill-partner-adia-for-hey-you/|work=The Nation Newspaper|date=2022-04-08|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US|author=The Nation}}</ref> * ''L.I.F.E (2024)'' == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waigizaji Filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji Filamu wa Nigeria]] noduone35o6ugmydzad9m0fdglgy16f 0 237052 1548029 1547143 2026-05-22T04:13:35Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 1548029 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Uislamu}} '''Aya''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|آية}} ''āyah'', wingi; {{rtl-lang|ar|آيات}} ''āyāt'') ni neno linalotumika katika [[Uislamu]] kutajia mstari, sentensi, au kifungu cha maneno ndani ya sura za [[Quran]]. Katika lugha ya Kiarabu, neno hili kwa asili lina maana pana zaidi inayomaanisha "ishara", "muujiza", "uthibitisho", au "funzo lililowazi". Ndani ya muktadha wa Quran, kila aya inachukuliwa kuwa ni alama au ishara ya wazi kutoka kwa [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] inayothibitisha ukweli wa ufunuo ([[Wahyi]]), uwezo wa Muumba, na ukweli wa utume wa Muhammad.<ref name="EI2Aya">{{cite book |last=Denny |first=F.M. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1960 |publisher=Brill |volume=1 |pages=773–774 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 20, 2026}}</ref> Kutokana na maana ya kilugha ya neno hili, vyanzo vya Kiislamu vinaeleza kuwa kuna makundi makuu mawili ya aya au ishara za Mwenyezi Mungu duniani: * ''Al-Ayat al-Matluwwah'' (Aya zinazosomeka): Hizi ni sentensi na maneno halisi yaliyopo ndani ya msahafu wa Quran yanayotoa miongozo, mafundisho, na sheria za dini. * ''Al-Ayat al-Kawniyyah'' (Aya za kiulimwengu au za kushuhudiwa): Hizi ni ishara zilizopo katika uumbaji wa mbingu na ardhi, mzunguko wa usiku na mchana, na mifumo ya miili ya viumbe hai. Zote hizi zinatajwa ndani ya Quran kama ushahidi unaomuelekeza mtu mwenye akili kutambua uwepo na umoja wa Mungu ([[Tauhidi]]).<ref name="AlSuyutiItqan">{{cite book |last=Al-Suyuti |first=Jalaluddin |title=Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran |year=2000 |publisher=Dar al-Fikr |volume=1 |pages=120–125 |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 20, 2026}}</ref> == Muundo na Idadi ya Aya katika Quran == Idadi ya aya katika kila sura inatofautiana sana. Sura ndefu zaidi katika Quran ni [[Al-Baqara]] ikiwa na aya 286, wakati sura fupi zaidi zina aya tatu tu, kama vile [[Al-Kawthar]], [[Al-Asr]], na [[An-Nasr]]. === Jumla ya Aya === Kuna makubaliano ya jumla miongoni mwa wanachuoni wa Kiislamu kuwa jumla ya aya zote ndani ya Quran ni 6,236.<ref name="QuranPortalAya">{{cite web |title=Quranic Verses and Structure Counts |url=https://tanzil.net |publisher=Tanzil Project |access-date=Mei 20, 2026}}</ref> Hata hivyo, kuna tofauti ndogo sana za kihesabu katika historia (kama vile hesabu za shule za Kufa au Basra) kutokana na jinsi mifumo tofauti ya wasomaji (Qira'at) inavyoweka vituo vya kusimama wakati wa kusoma sentensi ndefu. Pamoja na tofauti hizo za namba za vituo, matini na maneno yenyewe yanabaki kuwa yale yale bila mabadiliko yoyote. === Uwekaji wa alama === Katika nakala za kisasa za msahafu, mwisho wa kila aya huwekwa alama ya duara ndogo yenye namba ya aya hiyo ndani yake. Alama hiyo inatumika kumwongoza msomaji anapofanya kisomo, kuswali, au kuhifadhi Quran kichwani. == Tazama pia == * [[Quran]] * [[Sura]] * [[Wahyi]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Uislamu]] 6mv8mca0cceo6f5tsdifumlhct6ung4 0 237064 1548026 1547588 2026-05-22T04:07:53Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 1548026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Sura | Namba = 1 | Jina la Kiarabu = الفاتحة | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Fātiḥah | Maana ya Jina = Ufunguzi | Matini ya Kiarabu = ﷽<br> ﴿١﴾ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ<br> ﴿٢﴾ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ<br> ﴿٣﴾ مَٰلِكِ يَوْمِ ٱلدِّينِ<br> ﴿٤﴾ إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ<br> ﴿٥﴾ ٱهْدِنَا ٱلصِّرَٰطَ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمَ<br> ﴿٦﴾ صِرَٰطَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ<br> غَيْرِ ٱلْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا ٱلضَّآلِّينَ ﴿٧﴾ | Sauti = Chapter 1, Al-Fatiha (Mujawwad) - Recitation of the Holy Qur'an.mp3 | Aina = [[Makka]] | Juzuu = 1 | Mahali = 1 | Idadi ya Aya = 7 | Idadi ya Maneno = 29 | Idadi ya Herufi = 139 | Sura iliyopita = | Sura inayofuata = [[Al-Baqara|2: Al-Baqara]] }} '''Al-Fatiha''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|الفاتحة}} ''al-Fātiḥah'', kwa maana ya "Ufunguzi" au "Kifunguzi") ni [[Surah|sura]] ya kwanza katika mpangilio wa msahafu wa [[Quran]], ambao ni kitabu kikuu cha dini ya [[Uislamu]]. Sura hii ina [[ayah|aya]] saba na inatambulika kuwa ni sura ya Makka (Makkiyyah) kwa sababu ilishushwa kabla ya [[Hija|Hijrah]] ya [[Mtume Muhammad]] kwenda [[Madina]], ingawa baadhi ya wanazuoni wa Kiislamu wanataja kuwa ilishushwa mara mbili.<ref name="EI2Fatiha">{{cite book |last=Gardet |first=L. |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1965 |publisher=Brill |volume=2 |pages=740–741 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 20, 2026}}</ref> Al-Fatiha inashikilia nafasi muhimu sana katika ibada za kila siku za Waislamu, kwani kusomwa kwake ni sharti muhimu katika kila rakaa ya [[Swala]] tano. Kwa mujibu wa mafundisho mengi ya Kiislamu, Swala haisihi bila kusomwa sura hii kwa usahihi. == Majina Mengine == Sura hii pia inajulikana kwa majina mbalimbali katika mapokeo ya Kiislamu yanayoonyesha umuhimu wake: * '''Umm al-Kitab''' (Mama wa Kitabu) au '''Umm al-Quran''' (Mama wa Quran): Huitwa hivyo kwa sababu inakusanya kwa ufupi misingi mikuu ya imani, sheria, na mafunzo ya Quran nzima. * '''As-Sab'al-Mathani''' (Aya Saba Zinazorudiwa): Jina hili limetajwa ndani ya Quran katika Sura [[Al-Hijr]] (15:87). * '''As-Shifa''' (Ponyo) au '''Ar-Ruqyah''': Majina haya yanahusishwa na matumizi ya sura hii katika tiba za kiroho kulingana na mafundisho ya Kiislamu.<ref name="FarsyFatiha">{{cite book |last=Farsy |first=Abdullah Saleh |title=Tafsiri ya Kurani Tukufu |year=1969 |publisher=The Islamic Foundation |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 20, 2026}}</ref> == Maudhui na Mgawanyiko == Maudhui ya Al-Fatiha yanaelezea misingi muhimu ya uhusiano kati ya mja na Mwenyezi Mungu. === Sifa za Mwenyezi Mungu === Aya za mwanzo zinamhimidi na kumtukuza Mwenyezi Mungu kwa kutaja sifa Zake kuu, kama vile kuwa Mola Mlezi wa walimwengu wote, Mwingi wa Rehema, Mwenye Kurehemu, na Mfalme wa Siku ya Malipo ([[Kiyama]]). === Tamko la Uabudu === Sehemu ya katikati ya sura inaeleza tamko la kumuabudu Mwenyezi Mungu pekee na kuomba msaada Kwake katika mambo yote ya maisha. === Dua ya Mwongozo === Aya za mwisho ni dua ya kuomba kuongozwa katika ''Sirat al-Mustaqim'' (Njia Iliyonyooka), ambayo inaelezewa kuwa ni njia ya wale waliopata neema za Mwenyezi Mungu, na siyo njia ya wale waliokasirikiwa au waliopotea.<ref name="TanzilFatiha">{{cite web |title=Surah Al-Fatiha Commentary and Verses |url=https://quran.com |publisher=Quran.com |access-date=Mei 20, 2026}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Quran]] * [[Sura]] * [[Ayah|Aya]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Sura}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Surah za Quran]] kb7ygmuvos1rhvyjk4devalt8t3q2up 0 237083 1547618 1547340 2026-05-21T12:05:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547618 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dino Ballotti''' (amezaliwa [[3 Januari]] [[1987]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]] kutoka chama cha SWAPO.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Deputy minister Ballotti ‘considered quitting’ after pay cut from N$150k to N$65k|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/deputy-minister-ballotti-considered-quitting-after-pay-cut-from-n150k-to-n65k/|work=The Namibian|date=2025-04-16|accessdate=2026-05-20|language=en-US|author=Timo Shihepo}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2025, amekuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Namibia. Pia ni Naibu Waziri wa Elimu, Ubunifu, Vijana, Michezo, Sanaa na Utamaduni. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] 6a4oaa4x3c09d8lqj4cvfeo5cyet9f8 0 237089 1547774 1547326 2026-05-21T17:15:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547774 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Syeda Umme Rushaida Ashiqua Akbar''' (jina la kuzaliwa: '''Chowdhurani'''; mnamo 1944 – 25 Aprili 2022) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Bangladesh]] na mbunge wa bunge la Jatiya Sangsad akiwakilisha jimbo la Tangail-1 katika kipindi cha miaka ya 1981–1982.<ref name=death>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-04-26 |title=Ex-MP Ashika Akbar passes away |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/ex-mp-ashika-akbar-passes-away-3012621 |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1944|2022|Akbar, Syeda Umme Rushaida Ashiqua}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] nh8qw12x0lw2k919y71rhyvcyb8qlah 0 237099 1547750 1547315 2026-05-21T16:40:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547750 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Razia Banu''' ([[24 Juni]] [[1926]] – [[10 Mei]] [[1998]])<ref>{{Rejea habari |date=2023-10-25 |script-title=bn:রাজিয়া বানু: এক বিস্মৃত নাম, সংবিধান রচনা কমিটির একমাত্র নারী সদস্য |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangla/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0/news-details-175606 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231025140216/https://www.tbsnews.net/bangla/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0/news-details-175606 |archive-date=2023-10-25 |access-date=2023-10-25 |work=The Business Standard |language=en}}</ref> alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na mwanachama wa zamani wa Bunge la Bangladesh kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1926|1998|Banu, Razia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 66i9egvj5p9k5r966w1h9faj4pg1n7h 0 237103 1547633 1547309 2026-05-21T12:25:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547633 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fawzi Omar Ahmed Al-Issawi''' (Kiarabu: فوزي العيساوي; alizaliwa [[27 Februari]] [[1960]]) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya kiungo. Alitunukiwa tuzo ya mchezaji bora wa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika mwaka 1982. == Mafanikio == === Kama mchezaji === ==== Al-Nasr SC ==== * Ligi Kuu ya Libya: 1987 * Mshindi wa pili wa Ligi Kuu ya Libya: 1978, 1984 * Kombe la Libya: 1997 ==== Libya ==== * Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika: [[mshindi]] wa pili, 1982<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Nations Cup 1982|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/82a.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Nations Cup 1982 - Match Details|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/82a-det.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> * Kombe la Mashindano ya Kiislamu: 1980 * Kombe la Shule: 1977 == Tuzo binafsi == * Mchezaji bora wa Kombe la Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] 1982 * Mfungaji bora wa Kombe la Washindi wa Afrika 1985 akiwa na mabao 5 * Mchezaji bora wa karne nchini Libya == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f1ujcp67z54rv3reyiwi5m6yvmeutyw 1547675 1547633 2026-05-21T14:14:00Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547675 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fawzi Omar Ahmed Al-Issawi''' (Kiarabu: فوزي العيساوي; alizaliwa [[27 Februari]] [[1960]]) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya kiungo. Alitunukiwa tuzo ya mchezaji bora wa Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika mwaka 1982. == Mafanikio == === Kama mchezaji === ==== Al-Nasr SC ==== * Ligi Kuu ya Libya: 1987 * Mshindi wa pili wa Ligi Kuu ya Libya: 1978, 1984 * Kombe la Libya: 1997 ==== Libya ==== * Kombe la Mataifa ya Afrika: [[mshindi]] wa pili, 1982<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Nations Cup 1982|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/82a.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=African Nations Cup 1982 - Match Details|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/82a-det.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> * Kombe la Mashindano ya Kiislamu: 1980 * Kombe la Shule: 1977 == Tuzo binafsi == * Mchezaji bora wa Kombe la Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] 1982 * Mfungaji bora wa Kombe la Washindi wa Afrika 1985 akiwa na mabao 5 * Mchezaji bora wa karne nchini Libya == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] p11jbg2356z8krw63dwtmtku2bfhymp 0 237105 1547798 1547307 2026-05-21T17:53:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547798 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walid Mhadeb El Khatroushi''' (Kiarabu: وليد مهذب الختروشي; alizaliwa [[6 Novemba]] [[1985]]), anayejulikana kama Tofaha (“Apple” kwa Kiingereza), ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. == Kazi ya soka == El Khatroushi anacheza katika kiwango cha [[klabu]] akiwa na Al-Ittihad. Pia ni sehemu ya timu ya taifa ya Libya, na alikuwa mwanachama wa kikosi cha Olimpiki cha Libya kilichoshinda medali ya shaba katika Michezo ya Mediterranean mwaka 2005.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Walid Mhadeb Al-Khatrouchi (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42921/Walid_Mhadeb_Al_Khatrouchi.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] 6ux422t2ret5ime65wjpstgbtiqptsn 0 237106 1547744 1547306 2026-05-21T16:37:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547744 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rabea Aboubaker Al-Laafi''' (alizaliwa [[23 Aprili]] [[1991]] nchini Libya) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea klabu ya Al-Nasr SC (Benghazi) pamoja na timu ya taifa ya [[Libya]] kama beki. Alicheza katika Kombe la Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] mwaka 2012 dhidi ya [[Gine ya Ikweta|Equatorial Guinea]] na [[Zambia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=CAF - CAF Error Page|url=http://www.cafonline.com/competition/african-cup-of-nations_2012/match1478/live/overview|work=www.cafonline.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR|author=CAF - Confederation Africaine du Football}}</ref> == Kazi ya kimataifa == Rabea Al-Laafi alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza kwa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya mwaka 2011, na hadi wakati huo alikuwa ameichezea Libya mechi 22.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Rabea Abubaker Al-Lafi (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/43706/Rabea_Abubaker_Al_Lafi.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1991]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hxppkwgbxmesfzfim4tfazlt31768j4 0 237112 1547622 1547349 2026-05-21T12:09:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547622 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Douglas Bernard Kirby''' ([[Oktoba 9]], [[1943]] − [[Desemba 22]], [[2012]]) alikuwa [[mwanasayansi]] mkuu wa utafiti wa ETR Associates huko Scotts Valley, [[California]], na mmoja wa wataalamu wakuu duniani juu ya ufanisi wa programu za shule na jamii katika kupunguza tabia za hatari za ngono za vijana. Alijulikana kwa tafiti zake za kina juu ya elimu ya afya ya ngono.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti | title = Douglas Kirby, Ph.D. - Senior Research Scientist | work = Staff Bio | publisher = ETR Associates | url = http://programservices.etr.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=about.StaffSummary&StaffID=22 | accessdate = 2010-11-16 | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110726041014/http://programservices.etr.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=about.StaffSummary&StaffID=22 | archivedate = 2011-07-26 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] 028oxnic7n5l2p8owjz8kvv4h99g0xv 0 237117 1547676 1547424 2026-05-21T14:16:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547676 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laila Begum''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Begum alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=Jatiya Sangshad |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Begum, Laila}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 94b0qfbo3pd36xlyn9vp1ungjoxxbix 0 237120 1547769 1547427 2026-05-21T17:07:32Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547769 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sirrka Ausiku''' (amezaliwa 1964) ni msimamizi na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=https://www.newera.com.na/2016/08/15/governor-sirkka-namutenya-anneli-mwahafa-ausiku/|url=https://www.newera.com.na/2016/08/15/governor-sirkka-namutenya-anneli-mwahafa-ausiku/|work=www.newera.com.na|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> Kwa sasa anahudumu kama mbunge katika Bunge la 8 la Taifa la Namibia. Pia aliwahi kuwa Gavana wa Mkoa wa Kavango West kuanzia mwaka 2014 hadi 2025. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1964]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] b13vpw25je3lg2869nb0qmi78me1itq 0 237121 1547783 1547428 2026-05-21T17:27:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547783 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tobie Aupindi''' (amezaliwa 12 Mei 1974) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]] kutoka chama cha SWAPO.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Namibia must chart its own course – Aupindi|url=https://www.namibiansun.com/economics/namibia-must-chart-its-own-course-aupindi2025-11-04|work=Namibian Sun|date=2025-11-04|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en|author=Namibian Sun, Nikanor Nangolo}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2025, amekuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Namibia. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1974]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] mocjcv56iyudwnla4ar95bgzcyq6ac4 0 237123 1547717 1547430 2026-05-21T15:12:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547717 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Modestus Atshipara''' (amezaliwa 1 Machi 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]] kutoka chama cha SWAPO.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=New MP pledges to champion inclusive education and national unity|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/new-mp-pledges-to-champion-inclusive-education-and-national-unity/|work=The Namibian|date=2025-04-14|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=Modestus Atshipara}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2025, amekuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Namibia. Pia ni mtetezi wa elimu jumuishi (inclusive education). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] tcgaworc2alvz4q5vjniwxv14o6hkqu 0 237124 1547759 1547431 2026-05-21T16:53:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547759 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Modestus Atshipara''' (amezaliwa 1 Machi 1966) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]] kutoka chama cha SWAPO.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=New Hardap governor aims for prosperity|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/new-hardap-governor-aims-for-prosperity/|work=The Namibian|date=2020-04-20|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=The Namibian}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2025, amekuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Namibia. Pia ni mtetezi wa elimu jumuishi (inclusive education). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] f41hotbj6j2biejl7hbg3nce8fs9ook 0 237127 1547773 1547435 2026-05-21T17:13:26Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547773 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sufia Begum''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Begum alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=Jatiya Sangshad |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Begum, Sufia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangldesh]] k350dufzlojnien6dh7962aj6uhnqbo 0 237130 1547695 1547438 2026-05-21T14:43:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547695 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Martin Andjaba''' (amezaliwa 17 Desemba 1957 huko Onhokolo) ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]]. Kwa sasa ni balozi wa Namibia nchini Ujerumani.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=NEW PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF NAMIBIA PRESENTS CREDENTIALS|url=http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/1996/Bio3033.doc.htm|work=www.un.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] nmrjmb3s0bj3z25r0yelnngabqq6br2 0 237132 1547745 1547441 2026-05-21T16:37:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547745 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rabia Bhuiyan''' (alizaliwa 1 Machi 1944)<ref name=dr>{{Rejea habari |date=2019-01-25|title=Dr Rabia Bhuiyan- The first female barrister of Bangladesh|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/magazine/weekend-tribune/2019/01/25/dr-rabia-bhuiyan-the-first-female-barrister-of-bangladesh|access-date=2023-09-14|work=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref> ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 19. Yeye ndiye mwanamke wa kwanza kuwa wakili mwandamizi (barrister) nchini [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=|first=|date=|title=The first female barrister of bangladesh -Dr Rabia Bhuiyan|url=https://weku.io/community-deals/@personalblog/the-first-female-barrister-of-bangladesh-dr-rabia-bhuiyan|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-11-08|website=weku.io}}</ref> Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuanzisha chuo cha sheria kinachoitwa Bhuiyan Academy, kilichopo mjini [[Dhaka]].<ref name=dr/> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1944||Bhuiyan, Rabia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] mgsa694vzp6excj286wwshnuumnz5vf 0 237133 1547722 1547442 2026-05-21T15:15:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547722 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moses Amweelo''' (25 Mei 1952 – 24 Juni 2025) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]] na mwanachama wa chama cha SWAPO.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Swapo remembers Moses Amweelo as loyal leader and freedom fighter with strong work ethic|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/swapo-remembers-moses-amweelo-as-loyal-leader-and-freedom-fighter-with-strong-work-ethic/|work=The Namibian|date=2025-06-24|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=Namibia Press Agency}}</ref> Alikuwa mbunge wa Bunge la Namibia kuanzia mwaka 2000 na aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Ujenzi, Uchukuzi na Mawasiliano. Alihudumu kama waziri hadi mwaka 2005 na kama mbunge hadi 2010. Alizaliwa Okatana katika Mkoa wa Oshana. Amweelo alifariki kutokana na saratani mjini Windhoek tarehe 24 Juni 2025 akiwa na umri wa miaka 73. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2025]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] l5fase8jy567lp3tt95ff5fothychfh 0 237134 1547716 1547443 2026-05-21T15:11:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547716 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Modestus Amutse''' (amezaliwa 22 Julai 1967 huko Oshikuku, Mkoa wa Omusati) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=New cabinet appointments announced {{!}} Namibia Economist|url=https://economist.com.na/85903/general-news/new-cabinet-appointments-announced/|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-GB}}</ref> Kwa sasa anahudumu kama Waziri wa Viwanda, Madini na Nishati tangu tarehe 2 Desemba 2025. Kabla ya hapo, alikuwa Naibu Waziri wa Habari, Mawasiliano na Teknolojia kuanzia 9 Februari 2024 hadi 21 Machi 2025. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1967]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] stn8j9nyyf184p57fv2ilepu0jj3p1f 0 237142 1547784 1547453 2026-05-21T17:28:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547784 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tom Alweendo''' (amezaliwa 17 Machi 1958 huko Omusheshe, Mkoa wa Oshana) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Alweendo, Thomas K.|url=https://www.parliament.na/dt_team/alweendo-thomas-k/|work=Namibian of Parliament|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Madini na Nishati kuanzia 8 Februari 2018 hadi 21 Machi 2025. Mwaka 1997, aliteuliwa kuwa Gavana wa Benki Kuu ya Namibia, na kuwa gavana wa kwanza wa Namibia baada ya kuchukua nafasi ya Jafaar bin Ahmad kutoka Malaysia. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]] d8zl1lbzyislpmpy9kvf60zzmf5bxxn 0 237143 1547674 1547456 2026-05-21T14:09:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547674 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Klaas Afrikaner''' (Khoekhoe: ǃGaruhamab; kabla ya 1760 – baada ya 1800) alikuwa kiongozi wa pili (Captain) wa Orlam Afrikaners. Awali alihudumu ndani ya Cape Colony ya Uholanzi, na baadaye katika South West [[Africa]] ([[Namibia]] ya sasa).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=BIOGRAPHIES OF NAMIBIAN PERSONALITIESin alphabetical order|url=https://www.klausdierks.com/Biographies/Biographies_A.htm|work=www.klausdierks.com|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Alikua kiongozi wa kabila lake baada ya kifo cha baba yake Oude Ram huko Cape Town karibu mwaka 1760. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] fq6ilfaa12l1juskjaf65h0men4nm80 0 237144 1547650 1547457 2026-05-21T12:50:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547650 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hendrina Afrikaner''' (1952 – 19 Agosti 2011) alikuwa kiongozi wa kimila wa [[Namibia]] na Captain wa Orlam Afrikaners. Yeye alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo ya uongozi wa Orlam Afrikaners.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=News, photos, videos, local, international|url=https://www.nampa.org/index.php|work=NAMPA|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2011]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] 7z85wnbau6sg0oios11apbhmm0289mv 0 237147 1547785 1547462 2026-05-21T17:31:36Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547785 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tuulikki Abraham''' (amezaliwa 20 Julai 1969) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Namibia]] kutoka chama cha SWAPO.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Final Swapo pot election list in zebra style|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/final-swapo-pot-election-list-in-zebra-style/|work=The Namibian|date=2024-09-09|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=Staff Reporter}}</ref> Tangu mwaka 2025, amekuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Namibia baada ya kuchaguliwa katika uchaguzi mkuu wa 2024, ambako alikuwa nafasi ya 31 au 35 kwenye orodha ya chama chake. Kabla ya kuingia bungeni, alikuwa mwandishi wa habari katika Shirika la Utangazaji la Namibia (Namibian Broadcasting Corporation). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] h7318vmbnaisnjq2a3vu2ibdnidf9v7 0 237148 1547696 1547463 2026-05-21T14:46:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1547696 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Matia Chowdhury''' (30 Juni 1942 – 16 Oktoba 2024) alikuwa kiongozi wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]]. Alikuwa naibu kiongozi wa bunge,<ref>{{Rejea habari |date=12 January 2023 |title=Matia Chowdhury becomes deputy leader of parliament |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/parliament/2023/01/12/matia-chowdhury-becomes-deputy-leader-of-parliament |access-date=13 January 2023 |work=[[Dhaka Tribune]] |language=en}}</ref> na mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) akilawakilisha jimbo la Sherpur-2 kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 11th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/current-mp-s/list-of-11th-parliament-members-english |access-date=10 January 2019 |website=Bangladesh Parliament}}</ref> Alishika nafasi ya Waziri wa Kilimo chini ya serikali ya kwanza, ya pili, na ya tatu ya Waziri Mkuu [[Sheikh Hasina]],<ref>{{Rejea habari |title=SAARC agricultural cooperation gets new momentum: Bangladesh Minister Matia |url=http://bdnews24.com/agriculture/2016/04/07/saarc-agricultural-cooperation-gets-new-momentum-bangladesh-minister-matia |access-date=10 April 2016 |work=bdnews24.com}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=$4.8 million USAID grant to strengthen biotechnology partnership, food security in South |url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-03/cu-mu032916.php |access-date=10 April 2016 |website=EurekAlert!}}</ref> kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001 na kisha tena kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2019 wakati chama cha Awami League kilipokuwa madarakani.<ref name="cabinet">{{cite web |title=Hon'ble-Ministers |url=https://www.cabinet.gov.bd/site/page/c3a1d735-abd6-4655-89ff-9e506d7537d7/Hon'ble-Ministers |website=Cabinet Division – Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1942|2024|Chowdhury, Matia}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] bg5hv7vxa0yuijw4m77n01693xs02ee 0 237149 1547683 1547468 2026-05-21T14:25:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547683 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lucky Willie Bhembe''' (amezaliwa 25 Oktoba 1973) ni [[mwanariadha]] kutoka [[Eswatini]] (Swaziland ya zamani).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Lucky Willie Bhembe Bio, Stats, and Results|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/bh/lucky-willie-bhembe-1.html|work=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> Alishiriki katika Michezo ya Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto mwaka 2000. == Marejeo == <references />{{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Afrika]] pwdu4mqvm45q8ywobw38j48btw2a087 0 237151 1547751 1547466 2026-05-21T16:40:50Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1547751 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Razia Matin Chowdhury''' (1925 – 2 Mei 2012) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Chowdhury alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1996.<ref name="7th">{{cite web |title=List of 7th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |accessdate=6 November 2020 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924064449/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> Alikuwa mkuu wa shule na chuo cha Dhaka University Laboratory School and College.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea habari |date=2012-05-03 |title=Razia Matin no more |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-232519 |access-date=2020-11-07 |work=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> Pia alikuwa mjumbe wa bodi ya uongozi ya shirika la Bangabandhu Parishad<ref>{{Rejea habari |date=2012-05-08 |title=Razia Matin's qulkhwani held |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-233247 |access-date=2020-11-07 |work=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> na rais wa zamani wa chuo cha University Women's Federation College.<ref>{{Rejea habari |title=The symphony of our times |url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/39063 |access-date=2020-11-07 |work=New Age |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1925|2012|Chowdhury, Razia Matin}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] e4xgn50n0a8p33acdalssmp7mi8viyg 0 237152 1547763 1547467 2026-05-21T16:58:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547763 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Selina Rauf Chowdhury''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party ) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Chowdhury alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|archive-date=15 September 2018|access-date=15 November 2020|website=Jatiya Sangshad|publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Chowdhury, Selina Rauf}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] s78z6dujy36hauou633aeytk952ih1h 0 237155 1547776 1547471 2026-05-21T17:15:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547776 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Syeda Sajeda Chowdhury''' (8 Mei 1935 – 11 Septemba 2022) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] aliyeshika nafasi ya Naibu Kiongozi wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2022. Alikuwa mbunge wa Jatiya Sangsad akilawakilisha jimbo la Faridpur-2 kuanzia mwaka 2008 hadi kifo chake mnamo mwaka 2022. Pia alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mazingira na Misitu wa Bangladesh kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QE7ODQAAQBAJ&q=statesmen+1996+1997+sheikh+hasina&pg=PA188|title=The Statesman's Year-Book 1997-8|last=Hunter|first=B.|date=2016-12-28|publisher=Springer|isbn=9780230271265|language=en|page=188}}</ref> Zaidi ya hayo, alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza na wa pekee kuwa katibu mkuu wa chama cha Awami League, nafasi aliyoishikilia kuanzia mwaka 1986 hadi 1992. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1935|2022|Chowdhury, Syeda Sajeda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 4rus3k3jvh2s9o5l3py4toips9sy6g4 0 237157 1547701 1547473 2026-05-21T14:51:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547701 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Meher Afroze Chumki''' (alizaliwa 1 Novemba 1959) {{Rejea tovuti |title=Constituency 198_11th_En |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/current-mp-s/list-of-11th-parliament-members-english?layout=edit&id=3758 |access-date=2021-05-28 |website=Bangladesh Parliament}} ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]]. Alikuwa Waziri wa Nchi wa Masuala ya Wanawake na Watoto.<ref>{{cite news |title=Meher Afroze Assures Women Entrepreneurs of All-Out Help |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/meher-afroz-assures-women-entrepreneurs-of-all-out-help-38284 |work=The Daily Star |date=23 August 2014 |access-date=19 September 2015}}</ref> Kwa sasa, ndiye rais wa jumuiya ya wanawake ya chama cha Awami League (Bangladesh Mohila Awami League), nafasi aliyochaguliwa katika Mkutano Mkuu wa Sita wa Kitaifa uliofanyika mnamo Desemba 2022.<ref>{{Rejea habari |title=Mohila Awami League president Chumki, general secretary Shila - National |url=https://www.observerbd.com/news.php?id=394771 |access-date=2023-01-04 |work=The Daily Observer}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1959||Chumki, Meher Afroze}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] m6linqd9mla2pn77z8cdgozvowxj1fy 0 237162 1547718 1547479 2026-05-21T15:12:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547718 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Bechir-Sow''' (27 Novemba 1907 – 4 Aprili 1976) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]]. Alizaliwa Fort-Lamy (sasa N’Djamena). Alihudumu katika Seneti ya Ufaransa kuanzia 1947 hadi 1951, na baadaye katika Bunge la Kitaifa la Ufaransa kuanzia 1951 hadi 1955.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mohamed Bechir-Sow - Base de données des députés français depuis 1789 - Assemblée nationale|url=https://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche?num_dept=553|work=www2.assemblee-nationale.fr|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1907]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1976]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] i1hbho752lsqcfuobkeax1sljs75usl 0 237163 1547689 1547481 2026-05-21T14:32:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547689 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahamoud Adam Béchir''' (amezaliwa 1965) ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Under Construction {{!}} En Construction|url=http://www.tchadactuel.com/?p=16791|work=www.tchadactuel.com|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Balozi wa Chad nchini Marekani kuanzia 2004 hadi 2012. Kwa sasa, anahudumu kama Balozi wa Chad nchini Urusi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7dpmuz260q4ump63cq8sfka0z99trv9 1 237164 1547694 1547482 2026-05-21T14:41:47Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547694 wikitext text/x-wiki Naomba historia ya papa celestine v iwe nzuri ya kuwasilisha kwa baba paroko [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-30515-07|&#126;2026-30515-07]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-30515-07|talk]]) 08:22, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) :Ndugu, soma makala ilivyo. Kwa habari zaidi kimbilia zile za lugha nyingine. Salamu kwa paroko na amani kwenu! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 14:41, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) qlg1sag90n7tm76mno84pt9b71iqt4j 0 237166 1547615 1547484 2026-05-21T12:00:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547615 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daoud Yaya Brahim''' (30 Januari 1962 – 2 Februari 2024) alikuwa kiongozi wa kijeshi na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]]. Alizaliwa Biltine na alifariki nchini Misri mwaka 2024.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Feu Daoud Yaya Brahim élevé à la Dignité de Grand officier de l’Ordre national du Tchad|url=https://tchadinfos.com/2024/02/05/feu-daoud-yaya-brahim-eleve-a-la-dignite-de-grand-officier-de-lordre-national-du-tchad/|work=Tchadinfos|date=2024-02-05|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR|author=Ndalet Pohol}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Ulinzi, lakini alijiuzulu tarehe 18 Oktoba 2023 kufuatia kashfa ya kimapenzi iliyohusisha Katibu Mkuu wa serikali Haliki Choua Mahamat. Aliacha mke na watoto 12. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1962]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] frf1nggxv9kyweich36t0q8r9ixmdpz 0 237171 1547670 1547489 2026-05-21T13:26:12Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547670 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kalzeubet Pahimi Deubet''' (amezaliwa 1 Januari 1957) ni [[mfanyabiashara]] na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Chad appoints new prime minister two months before election|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/chad-appoints-prime-minister-two-months-election-224031383.html|work=Yahoo News|date=2016-02-13|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa Chad kuanzia Novemba 2013 hadi Februari 2016. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] dvu7jo4q3juh8y9i8c7cwmdxkp541rr 0 237173 1547758 1547492 2026-05-21T16:51:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547758 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sahin Ara Haque''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Haque alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=Jatiya Sangshad |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Haque, Sahin Ara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 6jycqm1vey8j7qpnmiwjpg9tqbpcmqy 0 237175 1547775 1547495 2026-05-21T17:15:23Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547775 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Syeda Jebunnesa Haque''' (alizaliwa 1 Februari 1944)<ref name=parliament/> ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League (Bangladesh Awami League) nchini [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Rejea habari |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2006/08/09/d608090703107.htm |title=Aug 7, 2004 Grenade Attack in Sylhet : AL vows to try culprits in people's court |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=2006-08-09 |access-date=2019-12-09}}</ref> Alihudumu kama mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) akilawakilisha kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 35 kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2014.<ref name=parliament>{{Rejea tovuti |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/former-mp-s/list-of-9th-parliament-members-bangla?layout=edit&id=1275 |title=Constituency 335 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=2019-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118235103/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/former-mp-s/list-of-9th-parliament-members-bangla?layout=edit&id=1275 |archive-date=2018-01-18}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1944||Haque, Syeda Jebunnesa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 33mx17zg4zd53waedzl30cbum3riub3 0 237181 1547632 1547504 2026-05-21T12:25:07Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547632 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Hasan''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Wasifu == Hasan alikuwa katibu mkuu mwanzilishi wa taasisi ya kitamaduni ya Chhayanaut. Mume wake, Sayedul Hasan, ndiye aliyependekeza jina la taasisi hiyo.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Noor |first1=Zahid Reza |script-title=bn:বটের ছায়ায় ছায়ানট |trans-title=Shade in the shade of the banyan tree |url=https://www.prothomalo.com/lifestyle/ht3vrcah2r |work=Prothom Alo |date=14 April 2025 |language=bn}}</ref> Mume wake alikuwa kiongozi wa chama cha National Awami Party (NAP).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ishtiaq |first1=Ahmad |script-title=bn:ভাষা আন্দোলনের অনন্য সৈনিক নাফিসা কবীর |trans-title=Nafisa Kabir, a unique soldier of the language movement |url=https://bangla.thedailystar.net/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B... |work=The Daily Star |date=9 February 2022 |language=bn}}</ref> Aliuawa na majeshi ya Pakistan mnamo mwaka 1971.<ref name="bdn8Aug2008" /> Kabla ya kujiunga na Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh (BNP), Farida alikuwa mjumbe wa kamati kuu ya chama cha NAP.<ref name="bdn8Aug2008">{{cite news |title=Farida Hasan buried |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/farida-hasan-buried |work=bdnews24.com |date=8 August 2008}}</ref> Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha BNP mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=Jatiya Sangsad |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-date=17 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940|2008|Hasan, Farida}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 7fjalxtdii6wnsc0phj3cd6mx077yka 0 237184 1547620 1547509 2026-05-21T12:06:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547620 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Djibrine Kherallah''' (1926 – 21 Oktoba 2001) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] wa Kiislamu kutoka [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Archives des Djibrine Khérallah|url=https://ndjamenahebdo.net/tag/djibrine-kherallah/|work=NDJAMENA HEBDO|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Fedha na pia Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Chad katika miaka ya 1960 na 1970. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] bh0rptvfscgjay29orwyluoi1s7a33s 0 237185 1547787 1547510 2026-05-21T17:36:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547787 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ummey Kawsar Salsabil Hena''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Bangladesh]] kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{Rejea habari |title=Ananya Ek Salsabil Hena - Book Review|url=https://www.observerbd.com/news.php?id=292160|access-date=2021-04-04|work=The Daily Observer}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1960||Hena, Ummey Kawsar Salsabil}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 6rt7r9a426g6t2q0bgokozbhbroih2a 0 237186 1547748 1547512 2026-05-21T16:40:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547748 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raushan Ara Hena''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=86 ex-BNP MPs back Delwar |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-40260 |accessdate=14 November 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=8 June 2008 |language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Hena alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=Jatiya Sangsad |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955||Hena, Raushan Ara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 0obok7fvxuek655y6fbhjawxivav7da 0 237187 1547687 1547513 2026-05-21T14:32:14Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547687 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahamat Djarma Khatir''' (amezaliwa 1943) ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Chad]]. Alikuwa Meya wa Fort-Lamy kuanzia 1972 hadi 1975 na pia alikuwa mwanachama wa National Liberation Front of Chad (FROLINAT). Baadaye alijihusisha na siasa katika mchakato wa kidemokrasia na akaanzisha harakati ya kidini ya Kisufi iitwayo Faydah al Djariyya<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Réconciliation : Le révolutionnaire et guide spirituel Mahamat Djarma Khatir reçu par le PCMT|url=https://lendjampost.com/reconciliation-le-revolutionnaire-et-guide-spirituel-mahamat-djarma-khatir-recu-par-le-pcmt/|work=Le N&#039;Djam Post|date=2022-04-14|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR|author=Le Ndjam Post}}</ref>. Kwa sasa anaishi uhamishoni baada ya kujiunga na waasi waliopinga utawala wa Idriss Déby Itno. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 97uqoaq732yjssdl7n8ta9dflk1x6yh 0 237188 1547688 1547514 2026-05-21T14:32:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547688 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahamat Hissene''' (alikufa 7 Julai 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=FOXNews.com - Official: Chad closes border with Sudan - International News {{!}} News of the World {{!}} Middle East News {{!}} Europe News|url=http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008May12/0,4670,ChadSudan,00.html|work=www.foxnews.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mawasiliano na msemaji wa serikali katika utawala wa Youssouf Saleh Abbas. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa Bunge la Taifa la Chad (National Assembly). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] jx8zcq1dbld22idyzeu4w2dcyz3lnjb 0 237190 1547684 1547516 2026-05-21T14:28:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547684 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lutfun Nesa Hossain''' (jina la kuzaliwa: '''Mustari''') alikuwa mwalimu, mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP), na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Wasifu == Lutfun Nesa Mustari alizaliwa katika mji wa Chapai Nawabganj. Baba yake alikuwa Kashimuddin Ahmed, ambaye alikuwa mwanaharakati wa kijamii na mfadhili. Alikuwa na kaka watatu. Aliolewa na Ek Lakh Hossain, ambaye alikuwa mwanasheria na mwanaharakati wa kijamii. Walibarikiwa kupata mtoto wa kiume mmoja na wa kike mmoja. Lutfun Nesa Hossain alifundisha katika chuo cha Godagari Government Degree College mkoani [[Rajshahi]] kwa zaidi ya miongo miwili.<ref name="ektv18Sep2024">{{cite news |script-title=bn:চলে গেলেন সাবেক সংসদ সদস্য লুৎফুন নেসা মুস্তারী |trans-title=Former MP Lutfun Nesa Mustari passes away |url=https://www.ekushey-tv.com/politics/1360873111111150330 |publisher=Ekushey TV |date=18 September 2024 |language=bn}}</ref> Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=Jatiya Sangsad |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> Alichaguliwa tena kwa mara nyingine mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=Jatiya Sangsad |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945|2024|Hossain, Lutfun Nesa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] l6oiusyirjpttdh9g041fl44q561uwu 0 237192 1547757 1547523 2026-05-21T16:48:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547757 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Routouang Yoma Golom''' (alikufa 22 Januari 2021) alikuwa mwanamgambo na [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Chad]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani na Waziri wa Usalama wa Umma. Pia alikuwa Mbunge katika Bunge la Taifa la Chad na alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Patriotic Salvation Movement.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Conspiration présumée au Tchad: deux députés et deux militaires laissés en liberté provisoire|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20130523-conspiration-presumee-tchad-deputes-militaires-liberte-routouang-yoma-golom-gali-gote-weidding|work=RFI|date=2013-05-23|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] ce9w3vxz7uq2izdfq8z58a2neq3rf9m 0 237213 1547755 1547544 2026-05-21T16:46:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547755 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roger Djikisna''' (amezaliwa 1942 huko Saka) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R79EAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA94|title=Annuaire officiel du Tchad|last=l'information|first=Chad Direction de|date=1972|publisher=Ministère de l'information, Direction générale de l'information.|language=fr}}</ref> Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la Chad katika uchaguzi wa Desemba 1969. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 04yyrkxkaebfv19gecqbi9m7rd7zdd3 0 237220 1547637 1547553 2026-05-21T12:28:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547637 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Firmin Djidingar''' (amezaliwa 1944 huko Koulaka) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Chad]]. Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la Chad katika uchaguzi wa Desemba 1969.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R79EAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA94|title=Annuaire officiel du Tchad|last=l'information|first=Chad Direction de|date=1972|publisher=Ministère de l'information, Direction générale de l'information.|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} njubniie2c09rrn5anvyh83y5a0ru0n 0 237221 1547621 1547554 2026-05-21T12:06:40Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Djimadoum Tiraina''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Chad]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Makamu wa Rais wa Chad baada ya kifo cha Rais Idriss Déby Itno.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tchad: mise en place du comité chargé de désigner les membres du Conseil national de transition|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20210613-tchad-mise-en-place-du-comit%C3%A9-charg%C3%A9-de-d%C3%A9signer-les-membres-du-conseil-national-de-transition|work=RFI|date=2021-06-13|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> Pia aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Vikosi vya Jeshi na ni Makamu wa Rais wa Baraza la Mpito la Kijeshi (Transitional Military Council). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] 0ixcc1xjkunxtqtz53lrhw0017zo78z 0 237223 1547743 1547557 2026-05-21T16:37:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547743 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Quatre Sou Quatre''' (1 Januari 1904 – 23 Machi 1963) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Quatre Sou Quatre - Base de données des députés français depuis 1789 - Assemblée nationale|url=https://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche?num_dept=6874|work=www2.assemblee-nationale.fr|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Alizaliwa Takaba, Chad. Alihudumu katika Bunge la Taifa la Ufaransa (French National Assembly) kuanzia 1951 hadi 1955. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1904]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1963]] qvcardcpx6u410y1vem5vfsjzxjfe8x 0 237224 1547699 1547558 2026-05-21T14:49:25Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547699 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mbaydoum Simeon''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.africa-union.org/organs/pan%20african%20parliament/List%20of%20Members%20pap.pdf|work=www.africa-union.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Yeye ni mmoja wa wajumbe wa Chad katika Bunge la Afrika (Pan-African Parliament). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] i1u7hmiyqh8v1y9pu336gtsmyhvhpu4 0 237225 1547666 1547560 2026-05-21T13:18:42Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547666 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Brahim Seid''' (1927 – 1980) alikuwa [[mwandishi]] na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Chad - Arts and Literature|url=http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/chad/arts.html|work=www.cp-pc.ca|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Alizaliwa N’Djamena. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Sheria kuanzia 1966 hadi 1975. Kama mwandishi, anajulikana kwa vitabu *Au Tchad sous les étoiles* (1962) na *Un enfant du Tchad* (1967), ambavyo viliegemea maisha yake binafsi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1927]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1980]] rtchso6lc0xtzcq6nftiv68oz5xaq7d 0 237226 1547778 1547562 2026-05-21T17:16:55Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547778 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tahir Hamid Nguilin''' (pia huandikwa Tahir Hamit Nguilign) ni [[mwanasiasa]] na mtumishi wa serikali kutoka [[Chad]]. Tangu Juni 2019, amekuwa Waziri wa Fedha na Bajeti wa Chad.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tchad : les défis qui attendent le nouveau ministre des Finances Tahir Hamid Nguilin|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/814571/economie-entreprises/tchad-les-defis-qui-attendent-le-nouveau-ministre-des-finances-tahir-hamid-nguilin/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Namibia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6efujqwfg890n5pjj8wedwkh47nz5b5 0 237229 1547624 1547610 2026-05-21T12:11:40Z Алексей03 4499 1547624 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boris Porshnev''' (kwa [[Kirusi]]: Бори́с Фёдорович По́ршнев) ([[22 Februari]] 1905 – [[25 Novemba]] 1972) alikuwa mwanahistoria na mwana [[elimujamii]] maarufu kutoka [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] aliyefahamika kutoka nadharia zake za ajabu kuhusu saikolojia ya jamii na asili ya ubinadamu. Mwaka wa 1950 alikuwa mshindi wa tuzo ya serikali ya Stalin kutokana na mchango katika utafiti wa mapambano ya kitabaka nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kipindi cha Fronde karne ya 17. Mwaka wa 1957 alikuwa daktari ya heshima ya chuo kikuu cha Clermont-Ferrand. Tangu mwaka wa 1948 alifanya kazi katika Chuo kikuu cha serikali cha Moskva, halafu tangu mwaka wa 1968, katika Taasisi ya historia ya jumla chini ya Akademia ya Kisayansi. ‎ ‎Alifahamika vizuri Ulaya Magharibi na hasa [[Ufaransa]] kama mchunguzi mashuhuri wa uasi wa watu dhidi ya ukabaila katika Ufalme wa Ufaransa wakati wa [[karne ya 17]]. Kitabu chake kikuu kuhusu mada hiyo kilikuwa «Harakati ya watu nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kuanza kwa ''Fronde''» (1948). Alisoma pia uhusiano baina ya kimataifa na [[Vita ya miaka 30|vita ya miaka thelathini]] (1618-1648) kati ya nchi za [[Ulaya Magharibi]]. Katika miaka yake ya mwisho alijulikana zaidi kwa utafiti wake katika elimu ya binaadamu wa kale na hasa wa yeti katika [[Himalaya|milima ya Himalaya]] na [[Asia ya Kati]]. Alimwona kama kiungo kilichokosekana katika [[Mageuko ya spishi |mageuko]] ya binadamu (kulingana na sayansi ya kisasa nadharia tete imepitwa na wakati). Kwa mujibu wa [[Umaksi]] rasmi wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti aliamini kwamba mapambano ya kitabako ni uwezo wa mabadiliko ya jamii. Lakini dhana zake zengi juu ya chimbuko la binadamu zilitofautiana na zile za wanasayansi wengine. Kulingana na Porshnev, ukuaji wa fahamu unahusiana na kuibuka kwa usemi, sio na shughuli za kazi, kama [[Engels]] alivyoamini. Porshnev alipendekeza na akaendeleza dhana ya uwezo wa ushawishi (suggestion, суггестия) na ya haja ya kuupinga (контрсуггестия). Mwingiliano wa ngumu hizi ulikuwa msingi wa maendeleo wa fahamu na usemi. Miongoni mwa maandishi yake yanayojulikana zaidi ni insha «‎Kuhusu mwanza wa historia ya binadamu» (1974). Aliiona kama mchango wake mkuu wa kisayansi kwenye makutano ya nyanja mbalimbali lakini ilichapishwa baada ya kifo chake tu. Kazi yake ilikosolewa na wanabiolojia, wanasaikolojia na wataalamu wa lugha ama kwa upande wa kisayansa au kwa upande wa kutokubaliana na itikadi rasmi ya Umaksi. {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1905]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Elimu jamii]] [[Jamii:Historia]] 578hlbeid3a0hlzurmjs2o1d0rqwlji 1547627 1547624 2026-05-21T12:15:38Z Алексей03 4499 1547627 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boris Porshnev''' (kwa [[Kirusi]]: Бори́с Фёдорович По́ршнев) ([[22 Februari]] 1905 – [[25 Novemba]] 1972) alikuwa mwanahistoria na mwana [[elimujamii]] maarufu kutoka [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] aliyefahamika kutoka nadharia zake za ajabu kuhusu saikolojia ya jamii na asili ya ubinadamu. Mwaka wa 1950 alikuwa mshindi wa tuzo ya serikali ya Stalin kutokana na mchango katika utafiti wa mapambano ya kitabaka nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kipindi cha Fronde karne ya 17. Mwaka wa 1957 alikuwa daktari ya heshima ya chuo kikuu cha Clermont-Ferrand. Tangu mwaka wa 1948 alifanya kazi katika Chuo kikuu cha serikali cha Moskva, halafu tangu mwaka wa 1968, katika Taasisi ya historia ya jumla chini ya Akademia ya Kisayansi. ‎ ‎Alifahamika vizuri Ulaya Magharibi na hasa [[Ufaransa]] kama mchunguzi mashuhuri wa uasi wa watu dhidi ya ukabaila katika Ufalme wa Ufaransa wakati wa [[karne ya 17]]. Kitabu chake kikuu kuhusu mada hiyo kilikuwa «Harakati ya watu nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kuanza kwa ''Fronde''» (1948). Alisoma pia uhusiano baina ya kimataifa na [[Vita ya miaka 30|vita ya miaka thelathini]] (1618-1648) kati ya nchi za [[Ulaya Magharibi]]. Katika miaka yake ya mwisho alijulikana zaidi kwa utafiti wake katika elimu ya binaadamu wa kale na hasa wa yeti katika [[Himalaya|milima ya Himalaya]] na [[Asia ya Kati]]. Alimwona kama kiungo kilichokosekana katika [[Mageuko ya spishi |mageuko]] ya binadamu (kulingana na sayansi ya kisasa nadharia tete imepitwa na wakati). Kufuatia [[Umaksi]] rasmi wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti aliamini kwamba mapambano ya kitabaka ni uwezo wa mabadiliko ya jamii. Lakini dhana zake zengi juu ya chimbuko la binadamu zilitofautiana na zile za wanasayansi wengine. Kulingana na Porshnev, ukuaji wa fahamu unahusiana na kuibuka kwa usemi, sio na shughuli za kazi, kama Friedrich Engels alivyoamini. Porshnev alipendekeza na akaendeleza dhana ya uwezo wa ushawishi (kwa [[Kirusi]] суггестия, kwa [[Kiingereza]] suggestion) na ya haja ya kuupinga (контрсуггестия). Mwingiliano wa ngumu hizi ulikuwa msingi wa maendeleo wa fahamu na usemi. Miongoni mwa maandishi yake yanayojulikana zaidi ni insha «‎Kuhusu mwanza wa historia ya binadamu» (1974). Aliiona kama mchango wake mkuu wa kisayansi kwenye makutano ya nyanja mbalimbali lakini ilichapishwa baada ya kifo chake tu. Kazi yake ilikosolewa na wanabiolojia, wanasaikolojia na wataalamu wa lugha ama kwa upande wa kisayansa au kwa upande wa kutokubaliana na itikadi rasmi ya Umaksi. {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1905]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Elimu jamii]] [[Jamii:Historia]] l04c6pitpr0dxq8e6270d8u12dbias7 1547631 1547627 2026-05-21T12:22:02Z Алексей03 4499 1547631 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boris Porshnev''' (kwa [[Kirusi]]: Бори́с Фёдорович По́ршнев) ([[22 Februari]] 1905 – [[25 Novemba]] 1972) alikuwa mwanahistoria na mwana [[elimujamii]] maarufu kutoka [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] aliyefahamika kutoka nadharia zake za ajabu kuhusu saikolojia ya jamii na asili ya ubinadamu. Mwaka wa 1950 alikuwa mshindi wa tuzo ya serikali ya Stalin kutokana na mchango katika utafiti wa mapambano ya kitabaka nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kipindi cha Fronde karne ya 17. Mwaka wa 1957 alikuwa daktari ya heshima ya chuo kikuu cha Clermont-Ferrand. Alifanya kazi katika Chuo cha Sayansi ya Jamii chini ya Kamati Kuu ya Chama cha Kikomunisti (1946-1962). Licha ya hayo, tangu mwaka wa 1948 alifanya kazi katika Chuo kikuu cha serikali cha Moskva, halafu tangu mwaka wa 1968 katika Taasisi ya historia ya jumla chini ya Akademia ya Kisayansi. ‎ ‎Alifahamika vizuri Ulaya Magharibi na hasa [[Ufaransa]] kama mchunguzi mashuhuri wa uasi wa watu dhidi ya ukabaila katika Ufalme wa Ufaransa wakati wa [[karne ya 17]]. Kitabu chake kikuu kuhusu mada hiyo kilikuwa «Harakati ya watu nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kuanza kwa ''Fronde''» (1948). Alisoma pia uhusiano baina ya kimataifa na [[Vita ya miaka 30|vita ya miaka thelathini]] (1618-1648) kati ya nchi za [[Ulaya Magharibi]]. Katika miaka yake ya mwisho alijulikana zaidi kwa utafiti wake katika elimu ya binaadamu wa kale na hasa wa yeti katika [[Himalaya|milima ya Himalaya]] na [[Asia ya Kati]]. Alimwona kama kiungo kilichokosekana katika [[Mageuko ya spishi |mageuko]] ya binadamu (kulingana na sayansi ya kisasa nadharia tete imepitwa na wakati). Kufuatia [[Umaksi]] rasmi wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti aliamini kwamba mapambano ya kitabaka ni uwezo wa mabadiliko ya jamii. Lakini dhana zake zengi juu ya chimbuko la binadamu zilitofautiana na zile za wanasayansi wengine. Kulingana na Porshnev, ukuaji wa fahamu unahusiana na kuibuka kwa usemi, sio na shughuli za kazi, kama Friedrich Engels alivyoamini. Porshnev alipendekeza na akaendeleza dhana ya uwezo wa ushawishi (kwa [[Kirusi]] суггестия, kwa [[Kiingereza]] suggestion) na ya haja ya kuupinga (контрсуггестия). Mwingiliano wa ngumu hizi ulikuwa msingi wa maendeleo wa fahamu na usemi. Miongoni mwa maandishi yake yanayojulikana zaidi ni insha «‎Kuhusu mwanza wa historia ya binadamu» (1974). Aliiona kama mchango wake mkuu wa kisayansi kwenye makutano ya nyanja mbalimbali lakini ilichapishwa baada ya kifo chake tu. Kazi yake ilikosolewa na wanabiolojia, wanasaikolojia na wataalamu wa lugha ama kwa upande wa kisayansa au kwa upande wa kutokubaliana na itikadi rasmi ya Umaksi. {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1905]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]] [[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:Elimu jamii]] [[Jamii:Historia]] hvlkgxujbr8mtdf4psvztk8wh8dus0r 1547703 1547631 2026-05-21T14:52:55Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547703 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Boris Porshnev''' (kwa [[Kirusi]]: Бори́с Фёдорович По́ршнев) ([[22 Februari]] 1905 – [[25 Novemba]] 1972) alikuwa mwanahistoria na mwana [[elimujamii]] maarufu kutoka [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]] aliyefahamika kwa nadharia zake za ajabu kuhusu saikolojia ya jamii na asili ya binadamu. Mwaka wa 1950 alikuwa mshindi wa tuzo ya serikali ya Stalin kutokana na mchango katika utafiti wa mapambano ya kitabaka nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kipindi cha Fronde karne ya 17. Mwaka wa 1957 alikuwa daktari ya heshima ya chuo kikuu cha Clermont-Ferrand. Alifanya kazi katika Chuo cha Sayansi ya Jamii chini ya Kamati Kuu ya Chama cha Kikomunisti (1946-1962). Licha ya hayo, tangu mwaka wa 1948 alifanya kazi katika Chuo kikuu cha serikali cha Moskva, halafu tangu mwaka wa 1968 katika Taasisi ya historia ya jumla chini ya Akademia ya Kisayansi. ‎ ‎Alifahamika vizuri Ulaya Magharibi na hasa [[Ufaransa]] kama mchunguzi mashuhuri wa uasi wa watu dhidi ya ukabaila katika Ufalme wa Ufaransa wakati wa [[karne ya 17]]. Kitabu chake kikuu kuhusu mada hiyo kilikuwa «Harakati ya watu nchini Ufaransa kabla ya kuanza kwa ''Fronde''» (1948). Alisoma pia uhusiano baina ya kimataifa na [[Vita ya miaka 30|vita ya miaka thelathini]] (1618-1648) kati ya nchi za [[Ulaya Magharibi]]. Katika miaka yake ya mwisho alijulikana zaidi kwa utafiti wake katika elimu ya binaadamu wa kale na hasa wa yeti katika [[Himalaya|milima ya Himalaya]] na [[Asia ya Kati]]. Alimwona kama kiungo kilichokosekana katika [[Mageuko ya spishi |mageuko]] ya binadamu (kulingana na sayansi ya kisasa nadharia tete imepitwa na wakati). Kufuatia [[Umaksi]] rasmi wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti aliamini kwamba mapambano ya kitabaka ni uwezo wa mabadiliko ya jamii. Lakini dhana zake zengi juu ya chimbuko la binadamu zilitofautiana na zile za wanasayansi wengine. Kulingana na Porshnev, ukuaji wa fahamu unahusiana na kuibuka kwa usemi, sio na shughuli za kazi, kama Friedrich Engels alivyoamini. Porshnev alipendekeza na akaendeleza dhana ya uwezo wa ushawishi (kwa [[Kirusi]] суггестия, kwa [[Kiingereza]] suggestion) na ya haja ya kuupinga (контрсуггестия). Mwingiliano wa ngumu hizi ulikuwa msingi wa maendeleo wa fahamu na usemi. Miongoni mwa maandishi yake yanayojulikana zaidi ni insha «‎Kuhusu mwanza wa historia ya binadamu» (1974). Aliiona kama mchango wake mkuu wa kisayansi kwenye makutano ya nyanja mbalimbali lakini ilichapishwa baada ya kifo chake tu. Kazi yake ilikosolewa na wanabiolojia, wanasaikolojia na wataalamu wa lugha ama kwa upande wa kisayansa au kwa upande wa kutokubaliana na itikadi rasmi ya Umaksi. {{Mbegu-mwanasayansi}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1905]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1972]] [[Jamii:Wanahistoria wa Urusi]] [[Jamii:wanasosholojia wa Urusi]] 31jqtw9f156cxit9znu72poiqqld8gi 0 237230 1547679 1547567 2026-05-21T14:18:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547679 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Leatitia Robinson | picha = | jina_halisi = | jina_la_utani = Baby Girl | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1980|9|30|mf=y}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Chicago, Illinois, Marekani | utaifa = Marekani | uzito = {{plainlist| *Uzani wa Kati *Uzani wa Kati Mkubwa }} | urefu = futi 5 inchi 7 | mikono = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | boxrec = 043009 | jumla = 17 | ushindi = 16 | KO = 9 | kupoteza = 1 | sare = | hakuna mashindano = }} '''Leatitia Robinson''' (alizaliwa Septemba 30, 1980) ni bondia wa zamani wa ngumi za kulipwa wa nchini [[Marekani]]. Alishikilia taji la [[uzito wa kati]] la Shirikisho la Kimataifa la Ngumi za Wanawake (IWBF) kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2004,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=|first=|date=|title=BoxRec: List of IWBF middleweight title fights|url=https://boxrec.com/en/title/241/Middleweight|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=August 8, 2020|website=[[BoxRec]]}}</ref> na taji la uzito wa kati la Chama cha Kimataifa cha Ngumi za Wanawake (WIBA) kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2006.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=|first=|date=|title=BoxRec: List of WIBA middleweight title fights|url=https://boxrec.com/en/title/242/Middleweight|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=August 8, 2020|website=[[BoxRec]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nnyenw2ynsp521q5ab5ew4dy7wd994m 0 237232 1547698 1547571 2026-05-21T14:47:47Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547698 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Maurice Ngangtar''' (1932 – 12 Oktoba 2001) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mwanadiplomasia wa [[Chad]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=October 2001|url=http://rulers.org/2001-10.html|work=rulers.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Chad kuanzia 1963 hadi 1964. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1932]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2001]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] ofvcm3qsxkor0jer2fnkqycsory3vks 0 237237 1547654 1547578 2026-05-21T12:59:16Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547654 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Idriss Ndélé Moussa Yayami''' (17 Aprili 1959 – 20 Mei 2013) alikuwa daktari wa meno, msomi na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]]. Alizaliwa Faya-Largeau na alifariki N'Djamena. Alihudumu kama Rais wa Bunge la Afrika (Pan-African Parliament) la Umoja wa Afrika kuanzia 2009 hadi 2012. Alikuwa rais wa chombo hicho tangu 29 Mei 2009 baada ya kuwashinda wagombea wengine Sawadogo Lassane na Mostefa Abdelaziz El-Gendy katika uchaguzi uliopigiwa kura na wajumbe wa Bunge la Afrika.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PAP: Statement by the Pan-African Parliament, shocked by death of its former President Idriss Ndélé (20/05/2013)|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/pap-statement-by-the-pan-african-parliament-shocked-by-death-of-its-former-president-idriss-ndl-20052013-2013-05-21|work=www.polity.org.za|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1959]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2013]] gi62e1fvwbwcqi127jev5iwkqdbnyle 0 237240 1547734 1547581 2026-05-21T16:06:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547734 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ngarindo Milengar''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Chad]]. Yeye ni mmoja wa wajumbe wa Chad katika Bunge la Afrika (Pan-African Parliament).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://www.africa-union.org/organs/pan%20african%20parliament/List%20of%20Members%20pap.pdf|work=www.africa-union.org|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Chad]] mcty5r0od58uetijs57rqs2wtpka46y 0 237246 1547721 1547589 2026-05-21T15:13:44Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547721 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Momtaz Kabir''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Kabir alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|archive-date=15 September 2018|access-date=15 November 2020|website=Jatiya Sangsad|publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955||Kabir, Momtaz}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] o5yi8ersmhbtlhli298eibqdo597scr 0 237249 1547738 1547593 2026-05-21T16:23:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547738 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Panna Kaiser''' (25 Mei 1950 – 4 Agosti 2023) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake kati ya mwaka 1996 na 2001.<ref name="vrfa">{{cite news |title=Mainuddin, Ashraf killed my husband: Panna Kaiser |url=http://www.risingbd.com/english/Mainuddin_Ashraf_killed_my_husband_Panna_Kaiser/5624 |work=risingbd.com |access-date=20 January 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=5-member panel of chairmen |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news/5-member-panel-of-chairmen |work=The Daily Star |date=15 January 1998 |language=en |access-date=20 January 2017}}</ref> Alipewa Tuzo ya Fasihi ya Bangla Academy ya mwaka 2021 katika kipengele cha utafiti kuhusu vita vya ukombozi.<ref>{{Rejea habari |date=23 January 2022 |script-title=bn:বাংলা একাডেমি সাহিত্য পুরস্কার যারা পাচ্ছেন |url=https://www.bd-pratidin.com/national/2022/01/23/733787 |access-date=23 January 2022 |work=Bangladesh Pratidin |language=bn}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950|2023|Kaiser, Panna}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] r16mtqiuz92q6l0xzompe8t43tx5z4q 14 237253 1547704 1547597 2026-05-21T14:54:57Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547704 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:wapiga ngumi nchi kwa nchi|T]] [[Jamii:watu wa Trinidad na Tobago|B]] ryzdp2k6s93eta28b2ds4yufmzkqh55 0 237255 1547762 1547600 2026-05-21T16:58:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547762 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sebastian Lutaniuc''' (alizaliwa tarehe 10 Machi 2002) ni mpiganaji wa kulipwa wa kickboxing kutoka [[Romania]], ambaye kwa sasa anashindana katika uzani wa light heavyweight wa GLORY. Pia ni bingwa wa sasa wa dunia wa ISKA katika uzani wa cruiserweight.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2026-04-15 |title=Sebastian Lutaniuc, în ringul marilor campioni de la Rotterdam! Luptătorul PFG - Gloria Bistrița atacă gloria mondială la GLORY 107 - StiriBN |url=https://stiribn.ro/sebastian-lutaniuc-in-ringul-marilor-campioni-de-la-rotterdam-luptatorul-pfg-gloria-bistrita-ataca-gloria-mondiala-la-glory-107/ |access-date=2026-04-15 |language=ro-RO}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Romania]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] npg7h2qc2imn80f1ft1kz4mgfmgj87u 0 237257 1547706 1547602 2026-05-21T14:55:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Magomed Magomedov (mpiganaji wa kickboxing)]] hadi [[Magomed Magomedov (mpiganaji)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1547602 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Magomed "The Propeller" Magomedov''' ( alizaliwa 4 Juni 1982) ni mpiganaji wa zamani wa kickboxing kutoka [[Urusi]] aliyekuwa akipigana kupitia klabu ya Chinuk Gym mjini [[Minsk]], [[Belarus]]. Alikuwa bingwa wa Urusi wa kickboxing wa ridhaa mara sita, bingwa wa Ulaya wa WAKO, na akiwa mchezaji wa kulipwa alitwaa ubingwa wa dunia wa Muay Thai wa WMC na IMF katika uzani wa light heavyweight. Pia alishinda mashindano matatu ya K-1.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/ctop.htm](http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/ctop.htm) |title=Magomed Magomedov Fighters Profile |accessdate=2008-06-07 |publisher=[www.k-1.co.jp](http://www.k-1.co.jp) |url-status=dead |archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20071011004824/http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/ctop.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20071011004824/http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/ctop.htm) |archivedate=2007-10-11 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1982|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Urusi]] rhxsz32lh25jc1wx03pdm8bi3uf5w21 0 237258 1547672 1547603 2026-05-21T13:54:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox_Person | jina = Kina Malpartida Dyson | jina_halisi = Kina Malpartida Dyson | picha = Pms20090620 0182.jpg | ukubwawapicha = 150 | jina_la_utani = Dynamite | urefu = sentimita 165<ref>{{cite web |url=https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcTciuV6-n-BjIYrXdqayRkDfZAkfR4kPtZr5WC3kShJr13dAvkt |title=C.V. Data Image |access-date=2020-07-27}}</ref> | uzito = Uzani wa Juu wa Manyoya | tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa = {{Birth date and age|1980|3|25}} | mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = Lima, Peru | tarehe_ya_kifo = | mahala_pa_kifo = | mtindo = Mtindo wa kawaida | jumla = 17 | ushindi = 14 | KO = 4 | kupoteza = 3 | sare = 0 | hakuna mashindano = 0 }} '''Kina Malpartida Dyson''' (alizaliwa Machi 25, 1980) ni bondia wa zamani wa ngumi za kulipwa wa kike kutoka nchini Peru na Bingwa wa Taifa wa mchezo wa kuteleza kwenye mawimbi (surfing).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://www.wbaboxing.com/boxing-news/kina-malpartida-boxing-in-the-blood|title=Kina Malpartida: Boxing in the Blood|website=World Boxing Association}}</ref> Alishikilia Taji la Dunia la Chama cha Ngumi Duniani (WBA) katika daraja la [[uzito wa manyoya wa juu]] (Super Featherweight) kuanzia Februari 21, 2009, hadi Oktoba 30, 2013. Malpartida ni mwanachama wa Ukumbi wa Ukumbusho wa Ngumi wa Kimataifa wa Wanawake. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1980]] [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Peru]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5ve9xj0gmbrlx886iw2orvebe34kbkd 14 237259 1547708 1547605 2026-05-21T14:56:38Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547708 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Jamii:wapiga ngumi nchi kwa nchi|P]] [[Jamii:watu wa Peru|B]] 9xtm9j7p67kdxtslfsk9mdamu0dnoue 0 237265 1547617 2026-05-21T12:02:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Azem Maksutaj'''(amezaliwa 8 Julai 1975) ni mpiganaji wa zamani wa kickboxing kutoka [[Uswisi]], mwenye asili ya [[Kosovo|Kosovar]] ya [[Kialbania]]. Alishiriki katika madaraja mbalimbali ya uzito yakiwemo lightweight, welterweight, middleweight, super middleweight, light heavyweight, cruiserweight na heavyweight.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Being Azem |url=[https://dokufest.com/en/festival/2011/made-in-switzerland/being-azem](https://dokufest.com/en/festival...' 1547617 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Azem Maksutaj'''(amezaliwa 8 Julai 1975) ni mpiganaji wa zamani wa kickboxing kutoka [[Uswisi]], mwenye asili ya [[Kosovo|Kosovar]] ya [[Kialbania]]. Alishiriki katika madaraja mbalimbali ya uzito yakiwemo lightweight, welterweight, middleweight, super middleweight, light heavyweight, cruiserweight na heavyweight.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Being Azem |url=[https://dokufest.com/en/festival/2011/made-in-switzerland/being-azem](https://dokufest.com/en/festival/2011/made-in-switzerland/being-azem) |access-date=2025-02-14 |website=dokufest.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Mwanzo alikuwa kutoka [[Kosovo]] (wakati huo ikiwa sehemu ya (SFR Yugoslavia), alihamia Uswisi na akaanza mafunzo ya Muay Thai akiwa na umri wa miaka kumi na tano. Baada ya kushinda taji la kitaifa la Uswisi katika uzito wa lightweight katika mwaka wake wa kwanza wa mashindano mwaka 1992, alifanikiwa pia kushinda mataji ya Ulaya na dunia mwaka 1994 akiwa kwenye uzito wa takribani {{convert|77|kg|lb stlb|abbr=on}} (super middleweight). Mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1990, alihama kati ya uzito wa light heavyweight na cruiserweight, akishinda mataji matano ya dunia. Mnamo 2001 alihamia kwenye uzito wa heavyweight ambako alitumia sehemu iliyobaki ya taaluma yake, akishiriki kama mpiganaji wa kiwango cha kati (journeyman) katika promosheni ya K-1 na kushinda mataji mengine manne ya dunia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Azem Maksutaj |url=[https://www.tapology.com/fightcenter/fighters/252346-azem-maksutaj](https://www.tapology.com/fightcenter/fighters/252346-azem-maksutaj) |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=Tapology |language=en}}</ref> Kwa jumla, alishinda mataji 14 ya dunia katika madaraja mbalimbali ya uzito kabla ya kustaafu mwaka 2010 akiwa ameshapigana mapambano takribani mia moja ya kitaaluma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Azem Maksutaj |url=[https://www.azem.ch/trainer/azem-maksutaj/](https://www.azem.ch/trainer/azem-maksutaj/) |access-date=2022-06-10 |language=de-DE}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uswisi]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Albania]] 8tsagcuxk1sxsa14rxbikcvfky6l0a0 0 237266 1547619 2026-05-21T12:05:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Melvin Manhoef''' (alizaliwa 11 Mei 1976) ni mpiganaji wa zamani wa MMA na kickboxing, mzaliwa wa [[Surinam|Suriname]] lakini raia wa [[Uholanzi]]. Katika kickboxing, alikuwa bingwa wa zamani wa uzani wa middleweight wa It's Showtime. Katika MMA, alikuwa bingwa wa uzani wa light heavyweight wa Cage Rage. Ameshindana pia katika uzani wa middleweight na light heavyweight ndani ya Bellator.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.mmafighting.com/2014/7/21/5924035/...' 1547619 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melvin Manhoef''' (alizaliwa 11 Mei 1976) ni mpiganaji wa zamani wa MMA na kickboxing, mzaliwa wa [[Surinam|Suriname]] lakini raia wa [[Uholanzi]]. Katika kickboxing, alikuwa bingwa wa zamani wa uzani wa middleweight wa It's Showtime. Katika MMA, alikuwa bingwa wa uzani wa light heavyweight wa Cage Rage. Ameshindana pia katika uzani wa middleweight na light heavyweight ndani ya Bellator.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.mmafighting.com/2014/7/21/5924035/bellator-signs-melvin-manhoef](http://www.mmafighting.com/2014/7/21/5924035/bellator-signs-melvin-manhoef) |title=Bellator signs Melvin Manhoef |date=21 July 2014 |publisher=MMA Fighting |access-date=2015-12-23}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1976|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uholanzi]] tp0ucyv4yzolx6v4q8typ0946lzncww 0 237267 1547623 2026-05-21T12:09:24Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Andre Mannaart''' (amezaliwa 2 Novemba 1960) ni mpiganaji wa zamani wa kickboxing na sanaa mchanganyiko za mapigano (MMA) kutoka [[Uholanzi]]. Ameshinda ubingwa wa dunia mara nne katika kickboxing na Muay Thai, akiwa amepambana na nguli wa K-1 kama vile Ernesto Hoost, [[Branko Cikatić]], Maurice Smith na Ray Sefo. Kwa sasa ni mkufunzi katika Mejiro Gym mjini [[Amsterdam]], ambapo amewazoeza wapiganaji mashuhuri kama [[Peter Aerts]] na [[Remy Bonjasky]...' 1547623 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Andre Mannaart''' (amezaliwa 2 Novemba 1960) ni mpiganaji wa zamani wa kickboxing na sanaa mchanganyiko za mapigano (MMA) kutoka [[Uholanzi]]. Ameshinda ubingwa wa dunia mara nne katika kickboxing na Muay Thai, akiwa amepambana na nguli wa K-1 kama vile Ernesto Hoost, [[Branko Cikatić]], Maurice Smith na Ray Sefo. Kwa sasa ni mkufunzi katika Mejiro Gym mjini [[Amsterdam]], ambapo amewazoeza wapiganaji mashuhuri kama [[Peter Aerts]] na [[Remy Bonjasky]]. Mnamo 26 Juni 2010, Mannaart alirejea ulingoni katika mashindano ya Fight 058 huko [[Leeuwarden]], Uholanzi, ambako alipambana na mpinzani wake wa zamani Jan Lomulder. Baada ya raundi tano ngumu, Mannaart alishindwa kwa uamuzi wa majaji dhidi ya Lomulder.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.headkicklegend.com/2010/6/28/1542449/two-kickboxing-legends-met-this](http://www.headkicklegend.com/2010/6/28/1542449/two-kickboxing-legends-met-this) |title=Unauthorized Access |website=[www.headkicklegend.com](http://www.headkicklegend.com) |access-date=16 July 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1960|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uholanzi]] 47ooivlwamxl3fm75f70v03xmiyxtr1 0 237268 1547625 2026-05-21T12:12:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Roel Mannaart''' (amezaliwa 10 Februari 1994) ni mkimbiza ngumi wa kickboxing kutoka [[Uholanzi]]. Alikuwa bingwa wa zamani wa uzito wa juu wa mashindano ya dunia ya K-1 (K-1 WORLD GP Heavyweight Champion). Pia ameshiriki katika mashindano ya GLORY Kickboxing.<ref>{{cite web |title=Roel Mannaart |url=[https://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1wgp/fighter/826/](https://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1wgp/fighter/826/) |website=k-1.co.jp |access-date=25 Desemba 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite w...' 1547625 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roel Mannaart''' (amezaliwa 10 Februari 1994) ni mkimbiza ngumi wa kickboxing kutoka [[Uholanzi]]. Alikuwa bingwa wa zamani wa uzito wa juu wa mashindano ya dunia ya K-1 (K-1 WORLD GP Heavyweight Champion). Pia ameshiriki katika mashindano ya GLORY Kickboxing.<ref>{{cite web |title=Roel Mannaart |url=[https://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1wgp/fighter/826/](https://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1wgp/fighter/826/) |website=k-1.co.jp |access-date=25 Desemba 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Roel Mannaart |url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roel_Mannaart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roel_Mannaart) |website=Wikipedia |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref> ==Maisha ya awali na taaluma== Mannaart alizaliwa Krommenie, Uholanzi. Akiwa na umri mdogo alijiunga na klabu ya Mejiro Gym Amsterdam chini ya kocha André Mannaart, ambaye pia ni baba yake. Alianza kupata umaarufu katika mashindano ya ndani ya Uholanzi kabla ya kupanda ngazi hadi mashindano ya kimataifa. ==Kazi ya mapambano== Mwaka 2018, Mannaart alishinda taji la K-1 WORLD GP Heavyweight baada ya kumshinda Antonio Plazibat na kuwa bingwa mpya wa uzito wa juu wa K-1. Aliendelea kulinda ubingwa wake dhidi ya wapinzani mbalimbali na baadaye akashiriki pia katika GLORY Kickboxing.<ref>{{cite web |title=K-1 World GP Heavyweight Championship |url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_K-1_champions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_K-1_champions) |website=Wikipedia |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref> ==Tuzo na mafanikio== * Bingwa wa K-1 WORLD GP Heavyweight (2018) * Mshiriki na mshindani wa GLORY Kickboxing * Bingwa wa zamani wa mashindano ya kimataifa ya uzito wa juu == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1994|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uholanzi]] 237urpeszdi05m9i3zrmnmb4d0d5h1g 0 237269 1547626 2026-05-21T12:15:01Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''D'Angelo Marshall''' (amezaliwa 20 Septemba 1990) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing kutoka Curaçao–[[Uholanzi]], ambaye kwa sasa amesainiwa na GLORY.<ref>{{cite news|title=D'ANGELO MARSHALL TO DEBUT AGAINST INOCENTE AT GLORY 37 LOS ANGELES|url=[http://www.glorykickboxing.com/en/news/view/1196|accessdate=16](http://www.glorykickboxing.com/en/news/view/1196|accessdate=16) January 2017|newspaper=glorykickboxing.com}}</ref> Ameshinda mashindano ya 2013 SUPERKO...' 1547626 wikitext text/x-wiki '''D'Angelo Marshall''' (amezaliwa 20 Septemba 1990) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing kutoka Curaçao–[[Uholanzi]], ambaye kwa sasa amesainiwa na GLORY.<ref>{{cite news|title=D'ANGELO MARSHALL TO DEBUT AGAINST INOCENTE AT GLORY 37 LOS ANGELES|url=[http://www.glorykickboxing.com/en/news/view/1196|accessdate=16](http://www.glorykickboxing.com/en/news/view/1196|accessdate=16) January 2017|newspaper=glorykickboxing.com}}</ref> Ameshinda mashindano ya 2013 SUPERKOMBAT World Grand Prix III, 2015 SUPERKOMBAT Special Edition, na mashindano ya 2017 GLORY Heavyweight Contender Tournament.<ref>{{cite web |url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Angelo_Marshall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Angelo_Marshall) |title=D'Angelo Marshall |website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1990|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uholanzi]] sjoiuuqp123h9s0by19yhk3cx9lcaw5 0 237270 1547628 2026-05-21T12:17:56Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ariel Mastov''' (amezaliwa 10 Agosti 1975) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing kutoka [[Israeli]] na pia bingwa wa zamani mara 8 wa WPKA katika Kobukan Karate. Kwa sasa anashiriki katika mashindano ya K-1.<ref name="K-1 WGP Press Conference">{{cite web | url=[http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/b06_0811.htm](http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/b06_0811.htm) | title=K-1 World GP - Press Conference | last=Di Pietro | first=Monty | publisher=[www.k-1.co.jp](http://www.k-1.co.jp) | a...' 1547628 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ariel Mastov''' (amezaliwa 10 Agosti 1975) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing kutoka [[Israeli]] na pia bingwa wa zamani mara 8 wa WPKA katika Kobukan Karate. Kwa sasa anashiriki katika mashindano ya K-1.<ref name="K-1 WGP Press Conference">{{cite web | url=[http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/b06_0811.htm](http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/b06_0811.htm) | title=K-1 World GP - Press Conference | last=Di Pietro | first=Monty | publisher=[www.k-1.co.jp](http://www.k-1.co.jp) | accessdate=2007-11-30 | archiveurl= [https://web.archive.org/web/20071229043506/http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/b06_0811.htm|](https://web.archive.org/web/20071229043506/http://www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp/b06_0811.htm|) archivedate= 29 December 2007 | url-status= live}} </ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1975|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Israeli]] scivady3oniaa0am9p3i1rsplmogcpx 0 237271 1547629 2026-05-21T12:18:49Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rafika Khanam''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khanam alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=L...' 1547629 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rafika Khanam''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khanam alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Khanam, Rafika}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] kn71ut54ozbduv442nbgre5hqys23dy 0 237272 1547630 2026-05-21T12:21:40Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Michael Anthony McDonald'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary USA]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Februari 1965) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing wa uzito wa juu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani '''"The Black Sniper"''', na ni bingwa wa zaman...' 1547630 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Anthony McDonald'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary USA]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Februari 1965) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing wa uzito wa juu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani '''"The Black Sniper"''', na ni bingwa wa zamani mara tatu wa K-1 USA Grand Prix. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Kanada]] m695hav7ewoxrhl9vmrgptx7kw6q42u 1547709 1547630 2026-05-21T14:57:27Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 1547709 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Anthony McDonald'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary USA]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Februari 1965) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing wa uzito wa juu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani '''"The Black Sniper"''', na ni bingwa wa zamani mara tatu wa K-1 USA Grand Prix. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Kanada]] m7bk07p5h8rr923v5k6wre9qa6nbdxh 1547710 1547709 2026-05-21T14:57:47Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Michael McDonald (mpiganaji wa kickboxing)]] hadi [[Michael McDonald (mpiganaji)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1547709 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Anthony McDonald'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary USA]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Februari 1965) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing wa uzito wa juu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani '''"The Black Sniper"''', na ni bingwa wa zamani mara tatu wa K-1 USA Grand Prix. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965|}} [[Jamii:Wachezaji wa Kanada]] m7bk07p5h8rr923v5k6wre9qa6nbdxh 0 237273 1547634 2026-05-21T12:25:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Saleha Khanam''' (1942 – 24 Aprili 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Maisha ya mapema na familia == Khanam alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1942, akiwa mtoto wa nne kati ya watoto kumi na mmoja wa Haji Abdul Jalil katika eneo la Dhemushia Union, wilayani Cox's Bazar, ambalo wakati huo l...' 1547634 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Saleha Khanam''' (1942 – 24 Aprili 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Maisha ya mapema na familia == Khanam alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1942, akiwa mtoto wa nne kati ya watoto kumi na mmoja wa Haji Abdul Jalil katika eneo la Dhemushia Union, wilayani Cox's Bazar, ambalo wakati huo lilikuwa sehemu ya Mkoa wa Chittagong nchini Bangladesh. Aliolewa na mfanyabiashara wa viwanda Alhaj Mustafizur Rahman wa Gomatali, ambaye ni mwanzilishi wa Niribili Group. Mbunge Lutfur Rahman Kazal ni mtoto wake wa kiume.<ref name=kazal>{{cite web|url=https://www.kazalbnp.com/about|website=Kazal BNP|title=সংক্ষিপ্ত জীবনী|language=bn}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1942|2025|Khanam, Saleha}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh] oi29onxv1it9by3parpq49lheotphwj 0 237275 1547638 2026-05-21T12:28:30Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rebeka Mahmoud''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=86 ex-BNP MPs back Delwar |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-40260 |accessdate=14 November 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=8 June 2008 |language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Mahmoud alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupiti...' 1547638 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rebeka Mahmoud''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=86 ex-BNP MPs back Delwar |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-40260 |accessdate=14 November 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=8 June 2008 |language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Mahmoud alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979 na baadaye tena mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|archive-date=15 September 2018|access-date=15 November 2020|website=Jatiya Sangsad|publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Mahmoud, Rebeka}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] lqzpqe03dihxgekhi4b9ek4ucgk2qki 1547746 1547638 2026-05-21T16:38:35Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547746 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rebeka Mahmoud''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=86 ex-BNP MPs back Delwar |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-40260 |accessdate=14 November 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=8 June 2008 |language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Mahmoud alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979 na baadaye tena mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=|first=|date=|title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|archive-date=15 September 2018|access-date=15 November 2020|website=Jatiya Sangsad|publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Mahmoud, Rebeka}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] o83de3065erui9lovjja8ztqjcvfyuz 0 237276 1547639 2026-05-21T12:30:40Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Michael Anthony McDonald'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary USA]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Februari 1965) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing wa uzito wa juu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani '''"The Black Sniper"''', na ni bingwa wa zaman...' 1547639 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Anthony McDonald'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2001_Results/05-05-01KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 Preliminary USA]</ref> (amezaliwa 6 Februari 1965) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing wa uzito wa juu kutoka [[Kanada]]. Alijulikana kwa jina la utani '''"The Black Sniper"''', na ni bingwa wa zamani mara tatu wa K-1 USA Grand Prix.<ref>{{cite web |title=Michael McDonald (kickboxer) |url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_McDonald_%28kickboxer%29](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_McDonald_%28kickboxer%29) |access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1965|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Kanada]] ekgy04i4i39lrmkyysantla0lv12vlj 0 237277 1547640 2026-05-21T12:31:15Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Uislamu}} '''Juzuu''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|جزء}} juz, wingi: {{rtl-lang|ar|أجزاء}} ''ajzā'') ni neno la kilugha linalomaanisha "sehemu" au "fungu", lakini katika istilahi ya [[Uislamu]] linasimama kama mgawanyiko maalum wa kiutawala wa matini ya [[Quran]]. Quran nzima imegawanywa katika juzuu 30 zinazolingana kwa urefu wa maandishi, ambapo kila juzuu moja inajitegemea ikiwa na takriban kurasa 20 za msahafu wa sasa. Lengo kuu la mgaw...' 1547640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Uislamu}} '''Juzuu''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|جزء}} juz, wingi: {{rtl-lang|ar|أجزاء}} ''ajzā'') ni neno la kilugha linalomaanisha "sehemu" au "fungu", lakini katika istilahi ya [[Uislamu]] linasimama kama mgawanyiko maalum wa kiutawala wa matini ya [[Quran]]. Quran nzima imegawanywa katika juzuu 30 zinazolingana kwa urefu wa maandishi, ambapo kila juzuu moja inajitegemea ikiwa na takriban kurasa 20 za msahafu wa sasa. Lengo kuu la mgawanyiko huu wa kijuzuu si wa kisheria au wa kimaudhui ya aya, bali ni wa kiutendaji ili kumrahisishia msomaji ratiba ya usomaji, ukariri, na uhifadhi wa Quran, hususan katika mwezi wa [[Ramadhani]] ambapo msomaji anaweza kusoma juzuu moja kila siku na kukamilisha Quran nzima ndani ya mwezi huo.<ref name="EI2Juz">{{cite book |last=Welch |first=A.T. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1986 |publisher=Brill |volume=5 |pages=400–405 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 21, 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Mfumo wa kuigawa Quran katika juzuu 30 haukutajwa ndani ya Quran yenyewe, bali uliendelezwa na wasomi wa Kiislamu katika karne za mwanzo za Uislamu kwa madhumuni ya kurahisisha usomaji, ufundishaji, na uhifadhi wa Quran.<ref name="AlSuyutiJuz">{{cite book |last=Al-Suyuti |first=Jalaluddin |title=Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Quran |year=2000 |publisher=Dar al-Fikr |volume=1 |pages=145–148 |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 21, 2026}}</ref> Tofauti na mfumo wa [[Surah|Sura]] ambao ulipangwa kwa mwongozo wa [[Wahyi]] kutoka kwa [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] kupitia kwa [[Mtume Muhammad]]. == Muundo wa ndani == Katika muundo wa ndani, kila juzuu moja imegawanywa tena katika vijisehemu vidogo viwili vinavyoitwa [[Hizb]] (wingi: ''Ahzab''), jambo linalofanya Quran nzima kuwa na Hizb 60. Kila Hizb moja nayo imegawanywa katika robo nne, ili kutoa vituo vidogo zaidi vya mapumziko wakati wa kisomo cha taratibu. === Juz' Amma === Juzuu ya mwisho, ambayo ni Juzuu ya 30 (inayojulikana zaidi kama ''Juz' Amma'' kwa kufuata neno la kwanza la sura inayoifungua), ina upekee mkubwa kwa sababu inakusanya sura fupi fupi 37 kutoka Sura An-Naba hadi Sura An-Nas, ambazo husomwa sana katika swala za kila siku kutokana na urahisi wake wa kuhifadhika.<ref name="TanzilJuz">{{cite web |title=Quranic Structure and Juz Divisions |url=https://tanzil.net |publisher=Tanzil Project |access-date=Mei 21, 2026}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Quran]] * [[Sura]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Uislamu]] ctjktdic3zmni1ymyqmrcjyvk2tbhmq 0 237278 1547643 2026-05-21T12:35:40Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ulfat Ara Ayesha Khanom''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khanom alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |l...' 1547643 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ulfat Ara Ayesha Khanom''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khanom alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |accessdate=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Khanom, Ulfat Ara Ayesha}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] hq091gm835eyb5x4lwste1j8ow7ezix 1 237279 1547644 2026-05-21T12:36:02Z ~2026-30361-35 89524 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'Asante kwa kuunda makala hii! Nadharia za Porshnev ni muhimu sana kwa kuelewa jamii. Inafaa pia kuzingatia ukaribu wa maoni ya Porshnev kwa Nadharia ya Kifaransa ~~~~' 1547644 wikitext text/x-wiki Asante kwa kuunda makala hii! Nadharia za Porshnev ni muhimu sana kwa kuelewa jamii. Inafaa pia kuzingatia ukaribu wa maoni ya Porshnev kwa Nadharia ya Kifaransa [[Maalum:Michango/&#126;2026-30361-35|&#126;2026-30361-35]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:&#126;2026-30361-35|talk]]) 12:36, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) 07k0hvlewtij22a0b9sk4vbyq5z441d 0 237280 1547646 2026-05-21T12:37:53Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khaleda Khanum''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khanom alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aroma, Suborna to become MP as Awami League names 41 for reserved seats |url=https://bdnews24.com/pol...' 1547646 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khaleda Khanum''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khanom alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Aroma, Suborna to become MP as Awami League names 41 for reserved seats |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/aroma-suborna-to-become-mp-as-awami-league-names-41-for-reserved-seats |accessdate=3 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=8 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=49 female MPs to take oaths of office on Wednesday |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/02/19/49-female-mps-to-take-oaths-of-office-on-wednesday |accessdate=3 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1970||Khanum, Khaleda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] c404f7viaqxsxp1tb0s9dvlsjor4utq 0 237281 1547647 2026-05-21T12:40:24Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Raymond Anthony Mercer''' (amezaliwa Aprili 4, 1961) ni Raymond Anthony Mercer wa zamani, mkata mateke (kickboxer), na mpiganaji wa sanaa mchanganyiko za mapigano (MMA) kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alishindana kuanzia mwaka 1989 hadi 2009. Akiwa katika ngazi ya wachezaji wasio wataalamu (amateur), alishinda medali ya dhahabu ya uzani wa juu (heavyweight) katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 1988.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Herrholz |first=Eric J. |date=2023-08-...' 1547647 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raymond Anthony Mercer''' (amezaliwa Aprili 4, 1961) ni Raymond Anthony Mercer wa zamani, mkata mateke (kickboxer), na mpiganaji wa sanaa mchanganyiko za mapigano (MMA) kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alishindana kuanzia mwaka 1989 hadi 2009. Akiwa katika ngazi ya wachezaji wasio wataalamu (amateur), alishinda medali ya dhahabu ya uzani wa juu (heavyweight) katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 1988.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Herrholz |first=Eric J. |date=2023-08-20 |title=Remembering Ray Mercer |url=[https://www.fight.tv/post/remembering-ray-mercer](https://www.fight.tv/post/remembering-ray-mercer) |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=FIGHT.TV}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] i7cj42119cb9a0n0fgl3j7zmbljfp6q 1547749 1547647 2026-05-21T16:40:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547749 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raymond Anthony Mercer''' (amezaliwa Aprili 4, 1961) ni Raymond Anthony Mercer wa zamani, mkata mateke (kickboxer), na mpiganaji wa sanaa mchanganyiko za mapigano (MMA) kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alishindana kuanzia mwaka 1989 hadi 2009. Akiwa katika ngazi ya wachezaji wasio wataalamu (amateur), alishinda medali ya dhahabu ya uzani wa juu (heavyweight) katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya Joto ya 1988.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Herrholz |first=Eric J. |date=2023-08-20 |title=Remembering Ray Mercer |url=[https://www.fight.tv/post/remembering-ray-mercer](https://www.fight.tv/post/remembering-ray-mercer) |access-date=2025-07-23 |website=FIGHT.TV}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 4f64t34hp79mg7upbtahkkscrfi2w0f 0 237282 1547648 2026-05-21T12:41:42Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anwara Khatun''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bengal Magharibi|Bengal]] na mjumbe wa bunge la mkoa nchini [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-11-30 |title=Death anniversary |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-212251 |access-date=2022-12-17 |work=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema == Khatun alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1925 huko Mirpur, [[Dhaka]] (zamani Dacca), katika eneo la Bengal.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Bari |first...' 1547648 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anwara Khatun''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bengal Magharibi|Bengal]] na mjumbe wa bunge la mkoa nchini [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-11-30 |title=Death anniversary |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-212251 |access-date=2022-12-17 |work=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema == Khatun alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1925 huko Mirpur, [[Dhaka]] (zamani Dacca), katika eneo la Bengal.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Bari |first=Sarah Anjum |date=2020-02-21 |title=Anwara Khatun: The outspoken voice |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2020/news/anwara-khatun-the-outspoken-voice-1871038 |access-date=2022-12-17 |work=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> Aliolewa akiwa na umri wa miaka sita tu.<ref name=":0" /> Licha ya hayo, alifanikiwa kuhitimu digrii ya kwanza ya sheria na nyingine ya teknolojia, na baadaye akamaliza digrii ya uzamili (Master's) katika fani ya sanaa.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1925||Khatun, Anwara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] ofnktj1y67hlpryfwzmmh021yijdzaf 0 237283 1547649 2026-05-21T12:47:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hafiza Asma Khatun''' (1934 au 1935 – 20 Januari 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] aliyejishughulisha na chama cha Jamaat-e-Islami, na alihudumu kama mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. <ref>{{Cite web |title=১৯৯১ সালে জামায়াত মনোনীত নির্বাচিত এমপি ছিলেন যারা |url=https://www.jamaat-e-islami.org/article-details.php?category=73&...' 1547649 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hafiza Asma Khatun''' (1934 au 1935 – 20 Januari 2025) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] aliyejishughulisha na chama cha Jamaat-e-Islami, na alihudumu kama mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. <ref>{{Cite web |title=১৯৯১ সালে জামায়াত মনোনীত নির্বাচিত এমপি ছিলেন যারা |url=https://www.jamaat-e-islami.org/article-details.php?category=73&article=212 |access-date=2025-01-20 |website=Bangladesh Jamaat-e-islami}}</ref> Pia alihudumu kama Katibu wa Jumuia ya Wanawake ya chama cha Jamaat-e-Islami kwa kipindi kirefu.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1935|2025|Khatun, Hafiza Asma}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 117souwoo7j7hohsisexe4lulxi02hz 0 237284 1547651 2026-05-21T12:50:54Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Daulatunnesa Khatun''' (1918 - 4 Agosti 1997) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Wasifu == Daulatunnesa Khatun alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1918 huko Sonatala, katika Wilaya ya Bogra, wakati huo ikiwa sehemu ya India ya Kiingereza (British India).<ref na...' 1547651 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daulatunnesa Khatun''' (1918 - 4 Agosti 1997) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Wasifu == Daulatunnesa Khatun alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1918 huko Sonatala, katika Wilaya ya Bogra, wakati huo ikiwa sehemu ya India ya Kiingereza (British India).<ref name="Banglapedia">{{cite web |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Khatun,_Daulatunnessa |title=Khatun, Daulatunnessa |website=Banglapedia |access-date=10 September 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1918|1997|Khatun, Daulatunnesa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] teupb7c3r67qpeeccp349aqgunopeo5 0 237285 1547652 2026-05-21T12:53:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Halima Khatun''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images...' 1547652 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Halima Khatun''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> Alichaguliwa tena kwa mara ya pili mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Khatun, Halima}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] kgmntfn5w9brr5sncrn3m4ni3nsm7ux 1547851 1547652 2026-05-21T19:10:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547851 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Halima Khatun''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> Alichaguliwa tena kwa mara ya pili mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=15 November 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Khatun, Halima}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] jr4bkchtjadire6tw1begw1wxe8w08i 0 237286 1547653 2026-05-21T12:56:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mahmuda Khatun''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd....' 1547653 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmuda Khatun''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 March 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Khatun, Mahmuda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] bpg7n54rxam4orngdrvzntqatr2l8jy 0 237287 1547655 2026-05-21T13:00:08Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rashida Khatun''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/image...' 1547655 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rashida Khatun''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Khatun, Rashida}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] dgxeqgl97nh4epaimcqaxx7vuzjbjgq 1547747 1547655 2026-05-21T16:40:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547747 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rashida Khatun''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Khatun alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Khatun, Rashida}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] tiwzrm80ucpwgvcoyow3de3ty5bmnvt 0 237288 1547657 2026-05-21T13:01:10Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Guy Mezger''' (amezaliwa Januari 1, 1968) ni Guy Mezger na msanii wa sanaa za mapigano kutoka [[Marekani]], ambaye alishiriki katika michezo ya mapigano ya kulipwa ikiwemo karate ya michezo (sport karate), ambapo ameorodheshwa katika Ukumbi wa Umaarufu wa Sport Karate (Sport Karate Museum Hall of Fame).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sport Karate Museum Living Legends Past and Present of Sport Karate 1946 – 1999 « MUSEUM OF SPORT KARATE |url=[https://sportkar...' 1547657 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Mezger''' (amezaliwa Januari 1, 1968) ni Guy Mezger na msanii wa sanaa za mapigano kutoka [[Marekani]], ambaye alishiriki katika michezo ya mapigano ya kulipwa ikiwemo karate ya michezo (sport karate), ambapo ameorodheshwa katika Ukumbi wa Umaarufu wa Sport Karate (Sport Karate Museum Hall of Fame).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sport Karate Museum Living Legends Past and Present of Sport Karate 1946 – 1999 « MUSEUM OF SPORT KARATE |url=[https://sportkaratemuseum.org/living-legends/](https://sportkaratemuseum.org/living-legends/) |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=sportkaratemuseum.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] tbyn6do28yt9eqpuk2l9jxotzo40myl 1547850 1547657 2026-05-21T19:08:48Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547850 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Mezger''' (amezaliwa Januari 1, 1968) ni Guy Mezger na msanii wa sanaa za mapigano kutoka [[Marekani]], ambaye alishiriki katika michezo ya mapigano ya kulipwa ikiwemo karate ya michezo (sport karate), ambapo ameorodheshwa katika Ukumbi wa Umaarufu wa Sport Karate (Sport Karate Museum Hall of Fame).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Sport Karate Museum Living Legends Past and Present of Sport Karate 1946 – 1999 « MUSEUM OF SPORT KARATE |url=[https://sportkaratemuseum.org/living-legends/](https://sportkaratemuseum.org/living-legends/) |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=sportkaratemuseum.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1968|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] dzso5if4ttlywe39t95su08h24it0va 0 237289 1547658 2026-05-21T13:02:20Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nazma Shamima Laiju''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Laiju alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 1st Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |publisher=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |ac...' 1547658 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nazma Shamima Laiju''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Laiju alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 1st Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |publisher=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909153327/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Laiju, Nazma Shamima}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] m95dsrbzsivnaqay3klgyvoudh7dk5q 0 237290 1547660 2026-05-21T13:04:38Z Family 001 70423 Nimeanzisha makala mpya 1547660 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mukunda Michael Dewil''' ni mwandishi wa miswada na mwongozaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Afrika Kusini]] anayefanya kazi [[Hollywood, California|Hollywood]].<ref>[https://www.slashfilm.com/tag/mukunda-michael-dewil/ Mukunda Michael Dewil - SlashFilm]</ref> Aliandika na kuongoza filamu za ''Retribution, Vehicle 19'' (zilizoigizwa na Paul Walker) na ''The Immaculate Room'' (wakiwemo Emile Hirsch, Kate Bosworth, Ashley Greene).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emile Hirsch, Kate Bosworth, Ashley Greene, M Emmet Walsh Board ‘The Immaculate Room’ Thriller|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/emile-hirsch-kate-bosworth-ashley-greene-m-emmet-walsh-board-the-immaculate-room-thriller-4106248/|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=2020-12-16|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=Etan Vlessing}}</ref> Alikuwa [[mtawa]]. Dewil alitumia miaka kadhaa nchini India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Immaculate Room : Exclusive Interview with Director Mukunda Michael Dewil|url=https://cinemadailyus.com/interviews/the-immaculate-room-exclusive-interview-with-director-mukunda-michael-dewil/|work=Cinema Daily US|date=2022-08-19|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=Nobuhiro Hosoki}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika Kusini]] 87wum4c6b96yilgsel1pkdxua7uj8sl 1547731 1547660 2026-05-21T15:55:18Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547731 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mukunda Michael Dewil''' ni mwandishi wa miswada na mwongozaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Afrika Kusini]] anayefanya kazi [[Hollywood, California|Hollywood]].<ref>[https://www.slashfilm.com/tag/mukunda-michael-dewil/ Mukunda Michael Dewil - SlashFilm]</ref> Aliandika na kuongoza filamu za ''Retribution, Vehicle 19'' (zilizoigizwa na Paul Walker) na ''The Immaculate Room'' (wakiwemo Emile Hirsch, Kate Bosworth, Ashley Greene).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Emile Hirsch, Kate Bosworth, Ashley Greene, M Emmet Walsh Board ‘The Immaculate Room’ Thriller|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/emile-hirsch-kate-bosworth-ashley-greene-m-emmet-walsh-board-the-immaculate-room-thriller-4106248/|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=2020-12-16|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=Etan Vlessing}}</ref> Alikuwa [[mtawa]]. Dewil alitumia miaka kadhaa nchini India.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=The Immaculate Room : Exclusive Interview with Director Mukunda Michael Dewil|url=https://cinemadailyus.com/interviews/the-immaculate-room-exclusive-interview-with-director-mukunda-michael-dewil/|work=Cinema Daily US|date=2022-08-19|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|author=Nobuhiro Hosoki}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika Kusini]] h46xne36fkxv2negq6w5f5pw6bmhk4x 0 237291 1547661 2026-05-21T13:05:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rebeka Mahmoud''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Mahmoud alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members|url=http://www.parliame...' 1547661 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rebeka Mahmoud''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Mahmoud alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|archive-date=15 September 2018|access-date=15 November 2020|website=Jatiya Sangsad|publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Mahmoud, Rebeka}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] idioikzwplefa1px7ep59m43coi640k 1547752 1547661 2026-05-21T16:41:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547752 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rebeka Mahmoud''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Mahmoud alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo Februari 1996.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|last=|first=|date=|title=List of 6th Jatiya Sangshad members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf|archive-date=15 September 2018|access-date=15 November 2020|website=Jatiya Sangsad|publisher=Government of Bangladesh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Mahmoud, Rebeka}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 7ertmbbhwr4ir5vni3ogd0jx69dku71 0 237292 1547663 2026-05-21T13:08:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shamsunnahar Mahmud''' (kama mnamo 1908 — 10 Aprili 1964) alikuwa mwandishi, mwanasiasa, na mwalimu katika eneo la Bengal wakati wa mwanzo wa karne ya 20. Alikuwa mmoja wa viongozi wa harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake huko Bengal, harakati ambazo zilianzishwa na [[Begum Rokeya]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Banu |first=U. A. B. Razia Akter |year=1992 |title=Islam in Bangladesh |publisher=BRILL |page=135 |isbn=90-04-09497-0 |quote=Begum Shamsunnahar Mah...' 1547663 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shamsunnahar Mahmud''' (kama mnamo 1908 — 10 Aprili 1964) alikuwa mwandishi, mwanasiasa, na mwalimu katika eneo la Bengal wakati wa mwanzo wa karne ya 20. Alikuwa mmoja wa viongozi wa harakati za kupigania haki za wanawake huko Bengal, harakati ambazo zilianzishwa na [[Begum Rokeya]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Banu |first=U. A. B. Razia Akter |year=1992 |title=Islam in Bangladesh |publisher=BRILL |page=135 |isbn=90-04-09497-0 |quote=Begum Shamsunnahar Mahmud carried Rokeya's torch in former East Pakistan from 1950 to the 1960s.}}</ref> Majengo ya mabweni ya "Shamsunnahar Hall" katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dhaka na Chuo Kikuu cha Chittagong yalipewa jina lake kwa heshima yake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1908|1964|Mahmud, Shamsunnahar}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 86c30uidapu8tm3ih7qundal9zdyhzj 0 237293 1547665 2026-05-21T13:16:26Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rowshan Ara Mannan''' (alizaliwa 3 Januari 1948) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad)<ref>{{cite news |title=Jatiya Party submits nomination for reserved women seats |url=https://www.daily-sun.com/post/370525/2019/02/11/Jatiya-Party-submits-nomination-for-reserved-women-seats |work=Daily Sun |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref> na alikuwa mbunge wa bunge la 11 kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake (Kiti na...' 1547665 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rowshan Ara Mannan''' (alizaliwa 3 Januari 1948) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad)<ref>{{cite news |title=Jatiya Party submits nomination for reserved women seats |url=https://www.daily-sun.com/post/370525/2019/02/11/Jatiya-Party-submits-nomination-for-reserved-women-seats |work=Daily Sun |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref> na alikuwa mbunge wa bunge la 11 kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake (Kiti namba 47).{{cite web |title=Electoral History |url=https://amarmp.com/mp/1057/history |website=amarmp.com |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=JP's final four for reserved seats |url=https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/english/JPs-final-four-for-reserved-seats/19398 |website=daily-bangladesh.com |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref><ref <ref>{{cite web |title=List of 11th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/current-mp-s/list-of-11th-parliament-members-english |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1948||Mannan, Rowshan Ara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] bwgxrtunhfsxoxsb7tbalc8kyndsitm 1547667 1547665 2026-05-21T13:19:20Z Egipa 87700 1547667 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rowshan Ara Mannan''' (alizaliwa 3 Januari 1948) ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad)<ref>{{cite news |title=Jatiya Party submits nomination for reserved women seats |url=https://www.daily-sun.com/post/370525/2019/02/11/Jatiya-Party-submits-nomination-for-reserved-women-seats |work=Daily Sun |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref> na alikuwa mbunge wa bunge la 11 kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake (Kiti namba 47).{{cite web |title=Electoral History |url=https://amarmp.com/mp/1057/history |website=amarmp.com |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=JP's final four for reserved seats |url=https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/english/JPs-final-four-for-reserved-seats/19398 |website=daily-bangladesh.com |accessdate=13 July 2019}}</ref><ref <ref>{{cite web |title=List of 11th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/current-mp-s/list-of-11th-parliament-members-english |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=13 July 2019}} == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1948||Mannan, Rowshan Ara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 0bbxbuq811hr7myk9cj9j1qolrcb1yp 0 237294 1547668 2026-05-21T13:22:14Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Syeda Begum Noor Maqsood''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Maqsood alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament...' 1547668 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Syeda Begum Noor Maqsood''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Maqsood alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Maqsood, Syeda Begum Noor}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] d5q8xald4t9vqcf8tynvb47sldi642o 0 237295 1547669 2026-05-21T13:26:11Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Caroline Sara Dubois'''<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2018 |title=Dubois takes third GB boxing gold |work=[[BBC Sport]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/av/boxing/45908430 |access-date=16 November 2022}}</ref> (alizaliwa 11 Januari 2001<ref name=FOX>{{Cite web |title=Caroline Dubois Bio Information - PBC Boxing |url=https://www.foxsports.com/boxing/caroline-dubois-player-bio |access-date=16 November 2022 |website=[[FOX Sports]]}}</ref>) ni mwanamasum...' 1547669 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Caroline Sara Dubois'''<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2018 |title=Dubois takes third GB boxing gold |work=[[BBC Sport]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/av/boxing/45908430 |access-date=16 November 2022}}</ref> (alizaliwa 11 Januari 2001<ref name=FOX>{{Cite web |title=Caroline Dubois Bio Information - PBC Boxing |url=https://www.foxsports.com/boxing/caroline-dubois-player-bio |access-date=16 November 2022 |website=[[FOX Sports]]}}</ref>) ni mwanamasumbwi wa kulipwa kutoka nchini [[Uingereza]]. Ameshikilia taji la uzani mwepesi (lightweight) la WBC tangu Desemba 2024, pamoja na mataji ya WBO na gazeti la ''The Ring'' tangu Aprili 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Declan |date=2026-04-05 |title=Dubois claims Ring 135-pound title, outpointing Harper |url=https://www.ringmagazine.com/news/dubois-claims-ring-135-pound-title-outpointing-harper-3CDT45ix2luOnDMR5unzgK |access-date=2026-04-07 |website=The Ring |language=en-US}}</ref> Caroline ni mdogo wake bondia [[Daniel Dubois (boxer)|Daniel Dubois]] ambaye amewahi kuwa bingwa wa dunia wa uzani wa juu (heavyweight).<ref>{{Cite web |title=DAZN |url=https://www.dazn.com/en-GB/news/boxing/daniel-dubois-caroline-dubois-dynasty-conquer-world-unified-champions/9yap7lua6n1kz8idvlo9es4x |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=www.dazn.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-michezo}} {{BD|2001||Dubois, Caroline Sara}} [[Jamii:Mabondia wa Uingereza]] fgpnd61fs41k90wv9fppso7xewbya5y 0 237296 1547671 2026-05-21T13:30:08Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Iiman Barlow''' (alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1993)<ref name="Awakening">{{cite web |title=Iiman Barlow Profile |url=https://www.awakeningfighters.com/athletes/iiman-barlow/ |website=Awakening Fighters |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref> ni mpiganaji wa kulipwa wa Muay Thai na kickboxer kutoka nchini Uingereza.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |last=Teale |first=Chris |date=24 Novemba 2016 |title=Iiman Barlow: The Muay Thai world champion balancing fighting and teaching...' 1547671 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iiman Barlow''' (alizaliwa 13 Aprili 1993)<ref name="Awakening">{{cite web |title=Iiman Barlow Profile |url=https://www.awakeningfighters.com/athletes/iiman-barlow/ |website=Awakening Fighters |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref> ni mpiganaji wa kulipwa wa Muay Thai na kickboxer kutoka nchini Uingereza.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |last=Teale |first=Chris |date=24 Novemba 2016 |title=Iiman Barlow: The Muay Thai world champion balancing fighting and teaching |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/boxing/38072124 |work=[[BBC Sport]] |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref> Anajulikana kwa jina la utani la "The Sniper," na amewahi kushikilia mataji kadhaa ya ubingwa wa dunia, ikiwa ni pamoja na taji la Enfusion la uzani wa bantamweight na taji la dunia la WBC Muay Thai.<ref name="Enfusion">{{cite web |title=Enfusion Kickboxing Champions |url=https://enfusionlive.com/champions/ |website=Enfusion |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref><ref name="CombatPress">{{cite web |last=Aittama |first=Zach |date=18 Februari 2020 |title=Combat Press Kickboxing Rankings: February 2020 |url=https://combatpress.com/2020/02/combat-press-kickboxing-rankings-february-2020/ |website=Combat Press |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref> Mbali na mafanikio yake ulingoni, Barlow pia anafanya kazi kama mwalimu wa shule ya msingi huko Leicestershire.<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news |date=12 Desemba 2019 |title=How Muay Thai star Iiman Barlow balances world titles with primary school teaching |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/mma/2019/12/12/muay-thai-star-iiman-barlow-balances-world-titles-primary-school/ |work=[[The Telegraph]] |access-date=21 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-michezo}} {{BD|1993||Barlow, Iiman}} [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Uingereza]] 18emwee7fzx3luxsa3e8h4mdwr463x4 0 237297 1547673 2026-05-21T13:57:40Z Family 001 70423 Nimeanzisha makala mpya 1547673 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Reggab''' (1942-1990) alikuwa mwongozaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Moroko|Morocco]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Personnes {{!}} Africultures : Reggab Mohamed|url=https://africultures.com/personnes/?no=7230&utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=569|work=Africultures|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini [[Safi]], Morocco na kusoma nchini [[Ufaransa]] (École Supérieure Louis Lumière), [[Urusi]] (Chuo Kikuu cha Taifa cha Sinema cha All-Russian), [[Ubelgiji]] (Université libre de Bruxelles), na [[Ujerumani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa filamu yake ya pekee ndefu ya hadithi iitwayo ''The Barber of the Poor Quarter'' (Kinyozi wa Mtaa wa Maskini), iliyotokana na mchezo wa kuigiza wa Youssef Fadel. Madeni binafsi aliyoingia wakati wa utengenezaji wa filamu hii yalisababisha afungwe gerezani kwa muda. Pia alishiriki katika filamu ya kikundi iitwayo ''Cinders of the Vineyard'' (1979).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=X6-EAgAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y|title=Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film|last=Leaman|first=Oliver|date=2003-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-66251-7|language=en}}</ref> Alifariki mjini [[Paris]] wakati akijiandaa kutengeneza filamu yake ya pili ndefu ya hadithi iliyoitwa ''Mémoires d'exil''. Yeye ni baba mzazi wa mwongozaji wa filamu Younes Reggab.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Casablanca : Projection en avant-première du long-métrage de Younès Reggab '404.01'|url=https://lematin.ma/culture/casablanca-projection-en-avant-premiere-du-long-metrage-de-younes-reggab/256660|work=Le Matin.ma|date=2024-12-21|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr|author=LE MATIN}}</ref> == Marejeo == 8qa8anv00hnylqdpxafs6tnppts4wbe 1547719 1547673 2026-05-21T15:12:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 3 template(s) replaced. 1547719 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohamed Reggab''' (1942-1990) alikuwa mwongozaji wa filamu kutoka nchini [[Moroko|Morocco]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Personnes {{!}} Africultures : Reggab Mohamed|url=https://africultures.com/personnes/?no=7230&utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=569|work=Africultures|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini [[Safi]], Morocco na kusoma nchini [[Ufaransa]] (École Supérieure Louis Lumière), [[Urusi]] (Chuo Kikuu cha Taifa cha Sinema cha All-Russian), [[Ubelgiji]] (Université libre de Bruxelles), na [[Ujerumani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa filamu yake ya pekee ndefu ya hadithi iitwayo ''The Barber of the Poor Quarter'' (Kinyozi wa Mtaa wa Maskini), iliyotokana na mchezo wa kuigiza wa Youssef Fadel. Madeni binafsi aliyoingia wakati wa utengenezaji wa filamu hii yalisababisha afungwe gerezani kwa muda. Pia alishiriki katika filamu ya kikundi iitwayo ''Cinders of the Vineyard'' (1979).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.co.tz/books?id=X6-EAgAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y|title=Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film|last=Leaman|first=Oliver|date=2003-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-66251-7|language=en}}</ref> Alifariki mjini [[Paris]] wakati akijiandaa kutengeneza filamu yake ya pili ndefu ya hadithi iliyoitwa ''Mémoires d'exil''. Yeye ni baba mzazi wa mwongozaji wa filamu Younes Reggab.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Casablanca : Projection en avant-première du long-métrage de Younès Reggab '404.01'|url=https://lematin.ma/culture/casablanca-projection-en-avant-premiere-du-long-metrage-de-younes-reggab/256660|work=Le Matin.ma|date=2024-12-21|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr|author=LE MATIN}}</ref> == Marejeo == maf8pnsyj1qd348ablcfbweq995dq6n 0 237298 1547677 2026-05-21T14:18:16Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547677 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simeon Aké''' alisomea sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dakar nchini [[Senegal]] na kupata cheti chake mwaka 1957. Alianza kazi yake ya kisiasa kama Mkurugenzi wa Itifaki ya Taifa kuanzia 1959 hadi 1960, wakati Côte d’Ivoire ilipopata uhuru. Baadaye alihudumu kama mwanadiplomasia katika ubalozi wa Côte d’Ivoire mjini New York kuanzia 1961 hadi 1963, na kisha kuwa balozi mjini London kuanzia 1964 hadi 1966 akiwa na jukumu la kushughulikia Uingereza, Ireland ya Kaskazini, Denmark, Sweden na Norway. Mwaka 1966 aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa Côte d’Ivoire katika Umoja wa Mataifa. Katika nafasi hiyo, aliongoza ujumbe wa Umoja wa Mataifa uliotembelea Spanish Sahara mwaka 1975. Kuanzia 1977 hadi 1990, alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Côte d’Ivoire chini ya Rais Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Uongozi na Ofisi ya Kisiasa ya chama cha Parti Démocratique de Côte d’Ivoire (PDCI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1932]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2003]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] 00ay793kftoraveqbcprcty0t3gywv7 1547680 1547677 2026-05-21T14:19:10Z Don Malya 61486 1547680 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simeon Aké''' alisomea sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dakar nchini [[Senegal]] na kupata cheti chake mwaka 1957.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ambassadeur {{!}} Ambassade de Côte d’Ivoire au Royaume-Uni|url=https://ambaci.uk/p/lambassade|work=ambaci.uk|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> Alianza kazi yake ya kisiasa kama Mkurugenzi wa Itifaki ya Taifa kuanzia 1959 hadi 1960, wakati Côte d’Ivoire ilipopata uhuru. Baadaye alihudumu kama mwanadiplomasia katika ubalozi wa Côte d’Ivoire mjini New York kuanzia 1961 hadi 1963, na kisha kuwa balozi mjini London kuanzia 1964 hadi 1966 akiwa na jukumu la kushughulikia Uingereza, Ireland ya Kaskazini, Denmark, Sweden na Norway. Mwaka 1966 aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa Côte d’Ivoire katika Umoja wa Mataifa. Katika nafasi hiyo, aliongoza ujumbe wa Umoja wa Mataifa uliotembelea Spanish Sahara mwaka 1975. Kuanzia 1977 hadi 1990, alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Côte d’Ivoire chini ya Rais Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Uongozi na Ofisi ya Kisiasa ya chama cha Parti Démocratique de Côte d’Ivoire (PDCI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1932]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2003]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] bn480th739kab3y9mza9rvrupyt8n0m 1547767 1547680 2026-05-21T17:06:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547767 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Simeon Aké''' alisomea sheria katika Chuo Kikuu cha Dakar nchini [[Senegal]] na kupata cheti chake mwaka 1957.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Ambassadeur {{!}} Ambassade de Côte d’Ivoire au Royaume-Uni|url=https://ambaci.uk/p/lambassade|work=ambaci.uk|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> Alianza kazi yake ya kisiasa kama Mkurugenzi wa Itifaki ya Taifa kuanzia 1959 hadi 1960, wakati Côte d’Ivoire ilipopata uhuru. Baadaye alihudumu kama mwanadiplomasia katika ubalozi wa Côte d’Ivoire mjini New York kuanzia 1961 hadi 1963, na kisha kuwa balozi mjini London kuanzia 1964 hadi 1966 akiwa na jukumu la kushughulikia Uingereza, Ireland ya Kaskazini, Denmark, Sweden na Norway. Mwaka 1966 aliteuliwa kuwa Balozi wa Côte d’Ivoire katika Umoja wa Mataifa. Katika nafasi hiyo, aliongoza ujumbe wa Umoja wa Mataifa uliotembelea Spanish Sahara mwaka 1975. Kuanzia 1977 hadi 1990, alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Côte d’Ivoire chini ya Rais Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa Kamati ya Uongozi na Ofisi ya Kisiasa ya chama cha Parti Démocratique de Côte d’Ivoire (PDCI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1932]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2003]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] tr7ltpxtcy7dn236kche1u56omwae47 0 237299 1547682 2026-05-21T14:23:56Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547682 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ezan Akélé''' (1937 au 1938 – 1 Desemba 2023) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire na mwanachama wa chama cha Democratic Party of [[Ivory Coast]] (PDCI).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Décès à Paris de l’ancien ministre ivoirien Ezan Akélé|url=https://topnewsafrica.net/news/deces-a-paris-de-lancien-ministre-ivoirien-ezan-akele|work=Top news Africa|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] t7kg76or2ofxl8loom748tz151yv12c 1547842 1547682 2026-05-21T18:51:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ezan Akélé''' (1937 au 1938 – 1 Desemba 2023) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire na mwanachama wa chama cha Democratic Party of [[Ivory Coast]] (PDCI).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Décès à Paris de l’ancien ministre ivoirien Ezan Akélé|url=https://topnewsafrica.net/news/deces-a-paris-de-lancien-ministre-ivoirien-ezan-akele|work=Top news Africa|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1930]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] nr18wcnvnpjww72ool4tfl18e3ps9mr 0 237300 1547685 2026-05-21T14:28:44Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547685 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laurent Akoun''' (amezaliwa 1954) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Document - UA 60/92 - Cote d'Ivoire: legal concern: Martial Ahipeaud, Laurent Akoun, Laurent Gbagbo, Simone Gbagbo, Rene Degny Segui, Francis Wodie and at least 250 others {{!}} Amnesty International|url=http://amnesty.name/en/library/asset/AFR31/001/1992/es/938526d9-edc5-11dd-a95b-fd9a617f028f/afr310011992en.html|work=amnesty.name|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] s6p78nv1sebnshvvsb8ehciq483kz2r 1547875 1547685 2026-05-21T20:26:50Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547875 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laurent Akoun''' (amezaliwa 1954) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Document - UA 60/92 - Cote d'Ivoire: legal concern: Martial Ahipeaud, Laurent Akoun, Laurent Gbagbo, Simone Gbagbo, Rene Degny Segui, Francis Wodie and at least 250 others {{!}} Amnesty International|url=http://amnesty.name/en/library/asset/AFR31/001/1992/es/938526d9-edc5-11dd-a95b-fd9a617f028f/afr310011992en.html|work=amnesty.name|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] t93mmyjm2n9lgtw7ja4qvjbe7u3p6bl 0 237301 1547686 2026-05-21T14:32:04Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547686 wikitext text/x-wiki '''François Albert Amichia''' (amezaliwa 4 Oktoba 1952 huko Abidjan) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA).<ref>{{Cite web|title=City Diplomacy - François Albert Amichia -|url=http://www.citydiplomacy.org/speakers/francois-;albert-amichia.html?L=0&cHash=cec725ba0f|work=www.citydiplomacy.org|accessdate=2026-05-21|author=Redkiwi.nl}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa meya wa Treichville na pia kushika nyadhifa za Waziri wa Michezo na Waziri wa Utalii. Tangu mwaka 2018, amekuwa Waziri wa Miji na Maendeleo ya Mijini. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] 6320yeuwkeddrs1v7mzqhvyb5lub68b 1547847 1547686 2026-05-21T18:57:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547847 wikitext text/x-wiki '''François Albert Amichia''' (amezaliwa 4 Oktoba 1952 huko Abidjan) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=City Diplomacy - François Albert Amichia -|url=http://www.citydiplomacy.org/speakers/francois-;albert-amichia.html?L=0&cHash=cec725ba0f|work=www.citydiplomacy.org|accessdate=2026-05-21|author=Redkiwi.nl}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa meya wa Treichville na pia kushika nyadhifa za Waziri wa Michezo na Waziri wa Utalii. Tangu mwaka 2018, amekuwa Waziri wa Miji na Maendeleo ya Mijini. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] ptirz8fouurvyyl6gdppd4r35sx1oww 0 237302 1547691 2026-05-21T14:38:54Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547691 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcel Amon-Tanoh''' (amezaliwa 25 Novemba 1951 huko Abidjan) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire: Marcel Amon-Tanoh nommé conseiller spécial du président Ouattara au sein du RHDP|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20241214-c%C3%B4te-d-ivoire-marcel-amon-tanoh-nomm%C3%A9-conseiller-sp%C3%A9cial-du-pr%C3%A9sident-ouattara-au-sein-du-rdph|work=RFI|date=2024-12-14|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bu5r7p5fignovk4egdzcwkafz326xy4 1547883 1547691 2026-05-21T20:44:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547883 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcel Amon-Tanoh''' (amezaliwa 25 Novemba 1951 huko Abidjan) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Côte d'Ivoire: Marcel Amon-Tanoh nommé conseiller spécial du président Ouattara au sein du RHDP|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20241214-c%C3%B4te-d-ivoire-marcel-amon-tanoh-nomm%C3%A9-conseiller-sp%C3%A9cial-du-pr%C3%A9sident-ouattara-au-sein-du-rdph|work=RFI|date=2024-12-14|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] smfx5meqqrxwqx4jiooegl2vrbac5ur 0 237303 1547697 2026-05-21T14:47:42Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547697 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pierre Djédji Amondji''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=allAfrica.com: Cote d'Ivoire: District d'Abidjan, Amondji retrouve les siens|url=http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200612200757.html|work=fr.allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa gavana (meya) wa Abidjan, jiji kubwa zaidi nchini humo, kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2006. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] b7143fbnu41n9gcymq2j9c0yl6zuov2 1547741 1547697 2026-05-21T16:31:52Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547741 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pierre Djédji Amondji''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=allAfrica.com: Cote d'Ivoire: District d'Abidjan, Amondji retrouve les siens|url=http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/200612200757.html|work=fr.allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa gavana (meya) wa Abidjan, jiji kubwa zaidi nchini humo, kuanzia mwaka 2002 hadi 2006. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] 6m82wa1b4ttzjhximkzp6owk3ij3u5l 0 237304 1547700 2026-05-21T14:50:45Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547700 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Youssouf Bakayoko''' (19 Aprili 1943 – 30 Septemba 2023) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na [[balozi]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Youssouf Bakayoko - Jeune Afrique.com : suivez toute l'actualité sur JeuneAfrique.com|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/personnalites/youssouf-bakayoko/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Alihudumu katika serikali kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia Januari 2006 hadi Machi 2010. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} 6ee7y2pucpl09gbnqywlcfusq75ci5c 1547702 1547700 2026-05-21T14:52:46Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547702 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Youssouf Bakayoko''' (19 Aprili 1943 – 30 Septemba 2023) alikuwa mtumishi wa umma na [[balozi]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Youssouf Bakayoko - Jeune Afrique.com : suivez toute l'actualité sur JeuneAfrique.com|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/personnalites/youssouf-bakayoko/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Alihudumu katika serikali kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje kuanzia Januari 2006 hadi Machi 2010. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] jnhk8ejbkyiy0od14yogmhnvk2rl768 0 237305 1547705 2026-05-21T14:55:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547705 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Konan Banny''' (11 Novemba 1942 – 10 Septemba 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa Côte d’Ivoire kuanzia 7 Desemba 2005 hadi 4 Aprili 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Former I. Coast PM dies of coronavirus|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1103745/former-i-coast-pm-dies-of-coronavirus.html|work=Modern Ghana|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1942]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] pibowww7uhxq6wjir0qcu450sq45nux 0 237306 1547707 2026-05-21T14:55:49Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Magomed Magomedov (mpiganaji wa kickboxing)]] hadi [[Magomed Magomedov (mpiganaji)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1547707 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Magomed Magomedov (mpiganaji)]] afpaoyg7buv2m17sbnsf38xl8zbydx5 0 237307 1547711 2026-05-21T14:57:47Z Riccardo Riccioni 452 Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Michael McDonald (mpiganaji wa kickboxing)]] hadi [[Michael McDonald (mpiganaji)]]: urahisi wa kuupata 1547711 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Michael McDonald (mpiganaji)]] ph5rvbaab24lgtkdhdazznfvtr235e0 0 237308 1547712 2026-05-21T14:59:21Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547712 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dagobert Banzio''' (21 Juni 1957 – 26 Agosti 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na waziri wa serikali kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA).<ref>{{Cite web|title=PDCI Côte d'Ivoire: L’ex-ministre des sports Dagobert Banzio est décédé cette nuit à Paris|url=https://connectionivoirienne.net/2017/08/27/pdci-cote-divoire-lex-ministre-des-sports-dagobert-banzio-est-decede-cette-nuit-a-paris/|work=Connectionivoirienne|date=2017-08-27|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] beaucdtcjwr87s2trgolvfymw0j02un 1547827 1547712 2026-05-21T18:30:08Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547827 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dagobert Banzio''' (21 Juni 1957 – 26 Agosti 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na waziri wa serikali kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=PDCI Côte d'Ivoire: L’ex-ministre des sports Dagobert Banzio est décédé cette nuit à Paris|url=https://connectionivoirienne.net/2017/08/27/pdci-cote-divoire-lex-ministre-des-sports-dagobert-banzio-est-decede-cette-nuit-a-paris/|work=Connectionivoirienne|date=2017-08-27|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] 8mszb87j4f102c2dimmeirlo0hf3zwe 0 237309 1547713 2026-05-21T15:02:43Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547713 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Jacques Béchio''' (22 Agosti 1949 – 12 Februari 2018) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Politique nationale : Jean-Jacques Béchio est mort|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/politique/36518-politique-nationale-jean-jacques-bechio-est-mort|work=www.linfodrome.com|date=2018-02-12|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en|author=Abraham KOUASSI}}</ref> Alikuwa wa kabila la Attié na alianza maisha yake ya kisiasa katika harakati za vyama vya wanafunzi (student trade union movement). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] niiehc0vkhwcdb8v01pgh5sjy4kxmlq 1547856 1547713 2026-05-21T19:30:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547856 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Jacques Béchio''' (22 Agosti 1949 – 12 Februari 2018) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Politique nationale : Jean-Jacques Béchio est mort|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/politique/36518-politique-nationale-jean-jacques-bechio-est-mort|work=www.linfodrome.com|date=2018-02-12|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en|author=Abraham KOUASSI}}</ref> Alikuwa wa kabila la Attié na alianza maisha yake ya kisiasa katika harakati za vyama vya wanafunzi (student trade union movement). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1949]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2018]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] 6r17m9gmqgwq3husqin42dw0wv06lfq 0 237310 1547714 2026-05-21T15:06:45Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547714 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victor Biaka Boda''' (25 Februari 1913 – 28 Januari 1950) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tabled? - TIME|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,889084,00.html#ixzz1BXU8TGwC|work=www.time.com|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Awali alikuwa mganga wa jadi (shaman), baadaye alibadilisha jina lake kuwa Victor na kuingia katika siasa kama mwanachama wa Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA). Mwaka 1948 alichaguliwa kuwa seneta katika Seneti ya Ufaransa (French Senate). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1913]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1950]] q6o5jkpnxwh3mqeizjozkcexviqsa1b 1547794 1547714 2026-05-21T17:47:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547794 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victor Biaka Boda''' (25 Februari 1913 – 28 Januari 1950) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tabled? - TIME|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,889084,00.html#ixzz1BXU8TGwC|work=www.time.com|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Awali alikuwa mganga wa jadi (shaman), baadaye alibadilisha jina lake kuwa Victor na kuingia katika siasa kama mwanachama wa Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA). Mwaka 1948 alichaguliwa kuwa seneta katika Seneti ya Ufaransa (French Senate). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1913]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1950]] 4oqlsnabki6vlm9x120b4kb42327quw 1547893 1547794 2026-05-21T21:42:11Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1547893 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Victor Biaka Boda''' (25 Februari 1913 – 28 Januari 1950) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Tabled? - TIME|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,889084,00.html#ixzz1BXU8TGwC|work=www.time.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|archive-date=2009-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417065729/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,889084,00.html#ixzz1BXU8TGwC|url-status=dead}}</ref> Awali alikuwa mganga wa jadi (shaman), baadaye alibadilisha jina lake kuwa Victor na kuingia katika siasa kama mwanachama wa Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA). Mwaka 1948 alichaguliwa kuwa seneta katika Seneti ya Ufaransa (French Senate). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1913]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1950]] 2rfoqf2az852ou3nm9ix5r779v8f3bg 0 237311 1547720 2026-05-21T15:13:06Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547720 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ernest Boka''' (7 Desemba 1928 – 6 Aprili 1964) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanasheria]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=République de Côte d'Ivoire, 1959. M. Ernest Boka. Décédé le 6 avril 1964.|url=https://imagesdefense.gouv.fr/fr/republique-de-cote-d-ivoire-1959-m-ernest-boka-decede-le-6-avril-1964.html|work=imagesdefense.gouv.fr|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> Alishika nyadhifa kadhaa serikalini: alihudumu kama Mkuu wa Ofisi ya Gavana Mkuu wa Ivory Coast mwaka 1957, Waziri wa Elimu ya Taifa mwaka 1958, na Waziri wa Utumishi wa Umma mwaka 1959. Mwaka 1960 aliteuliwa kuwa Rais wa Mahakama Kuu ya Ivory Coast, na pia aliongoza ujumbe wa Ivory Coast katika Umoja wa Mataifa mwaka huo huo. Mwaka 1963 alishitakiwa kwa madai ya njama dhidi ya Rais Félix Houphouët-Boigny, na alifariki akiwa gerezani mwaka 1964. Baadaye, Rais Henri Konan Bédié alijenga kaburi la kumbukumbu katika kijiji chake cha Grand-Morié. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1964]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] 5soduol2ivpj96mjyg7woj4qf8b41ip 1547838 1547720 2026-05-21T18:49:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547838 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ernest Boka''' (7 Desemba 1928 – 6 Aprili 1964) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanasheria]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=République de Côte d'Ivoire, 1959. M. Ernest Boka. Décédé le 6 avril 1964.|url=https://imagesdefense.gouv.fr/fr/republique-de-cote-d-ivoire-1959-m-ernest-boka-decede-le-6-avril-1964.html|work=imagesdefense.gouv.fr|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> Alishika nyadhifa kadhaa serikalini: alihudumu kama Mkuu wa Ofisi ya Gavana Mkuu wa Ivory Coast mwaka 1957, Waziri wa Elimu ya Taifa mwaka 1958, na Waziri wa Utumishi wa Umma mwaka 1959. Mwaka 1960 aliteuliwa kuwa Rais wa Mahakama Kuu ya Ivory Coast, na pia aliongoza ujumbe wa Ivory Coast katika Umoja wa Mataifa mwaka huo huo. Mwaka 1963 alishitakiwa kwa madai ya njama dhidi ya Rais Félix Houphouët-Boigny, na alifariki akiwa gerezani mwaka 1964. Baadaye, Rais Henri Konan Bédié alijenga kaburi la kumbukumbu katika kijiji chake cha Grand-Morié. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1964]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] r51lsa8p8fd1a4wvdozk7yrbumhzra1 0 237312 1547723 2026-05-21T15:19:23Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547723 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adrien Jules Jean Bonhoure''' (1860–1929) alikuwa gavana wa kikoloni wa Ufaransa ndani ya himaya ya ukoloni ya [[Ufaransa]]. Alihudumu katika makoloni kadhaa ikiwemo Côte d’Ivoire, French Somaliland, Réunion, French India, na French Polynesia.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/leonore%20fr|title=Bonhoure}}</ref> Alizaliwa mwaka 1860 na alifariki mwaka 1929. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1860]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1929]] 3js3sxf7wzdehqf4fml99ykrm97rlbs 0 237313 1547724 2026-05-21T15:29:36Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547724 wikitext text/x-wiki Zakpa Komenan (1945 – 19 Mei 2021) alikuwa mwanasiasa kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Elimu nchini humo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1945]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] 64z6fsbctpxrgcemc4fy8dasvsb7by4 0 237314 1547725 2026-05-21T15:33:39Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547725 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Léon Konan Koffi''' (16 Novemba 1928 – 29 Agosti 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d’Ivoire: L’ex-ministre d'Houphouët Léon Konan Koffi est mort|url=https://connectionivoirienne.net/2017/08/30/cote-divoire-lex-ministre-dhouphouet-leon-konan-koffi-est-mort/|work=Connectionivoirienne|date=2017-08-30|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-GB}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani wa Ivory Coast chini ya Rais Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Pia alitunukiwa heshima ya National Order of Merit na Legion of Honour kutokana na huduma zake serikalini. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] psv5zbrijumza8zkv7350ho91avhzr1 1547880 1547725 2026-05-21T20:36:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547880 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Léon Konan Koffi''' (16 Novemba 1928 – 29 Agosti 2017) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Côte d’Ivoire: L’ex-ministre d'Houphouët Léon Konan Koffi est mort|url=https://connectionivoirienne.net/2017/08/30/cote-divoire-lex-ministre-dhouphouet-leon-konan-koffi-est-mort/|work=Connectionivoirienne|date=2017-08-30|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-GB}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani wa Ivory Coast chini ya Rais Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Pia alitunukiwa heshima ya National Order of Merit na Legion of Honour kutokana na huduma zake serikalini. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1928]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2017]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] hv8aiz7wu02x594twhm8iachhuj9a0i 0 237315 1547726 2026-05-21T15:38:50Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547726 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Emmanuel Alain Gauze''' (3 Mei 1952 – 27 Januari 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Décès du Ministre Guy Alain Gauze, ancien Représentant permanent de la Côte d'Ivoire à Genève en Suisse (proches)|url=https://www.koaci.com/article/2021/01/27/cote-divoire/politique/cote-divoire-deces-de-guy-alain-gauze-ancien-representant-permanent-de-la-cote-divoire-a-geneve-en-suisse-proches_148390.html|work=KOACI|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=FR|author=KOACI}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] aosomhnzlpfobhfzmi0p2gbnaqtcmr6 1547849 1547726 2026-05-21T19:08:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547849 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Emmanuel Alain Gauze''' (3 Mei 1952 – 27 Januari 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Décès du Ministre Guy Alain Gauze, ancien Représentant permanent de la Côte d'Ivoire à Genève en Suisse (proches)|url=https://www.koaci.com/article/2021/01/27/cote-divoire/politique/cote-divoire-deces-de-guy-alain-gauze-ancien-representant-permanent-de-la-cote-divoire-a-geneve-en-suisse-proches_148390.html|work=KOACI|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=FR|author=KOACI}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] 4903tgqcwf3f3gb1wwwr3m5expze3jw 0 237316 1547727 2026-05-21T15:43:29Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547727 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laurent Dona Fologo''' (12 Desemba 1939 – 5 Februari 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Laurent Dona Fologo: L’un des « derniers des Mohicans » de l'Houphouétisme a tiré sa révérence|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/211125/politique/laurent-dona-fologo-lun-des-derniers-des-mohicans-de-lhouphouetisme-a-tire-sa-reverence|work=FratMat|date=2021-02-06|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr|author=Salif D. Cheickna}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] o7gsfp880iyxjz6mh2t5oqcj1pzzxqz 1547876 1547727 2026-05-21T20:27:00Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547876 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Laurent Dona Fologo''' (12 Desemba 1939 – 5 Februari 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Laurent Dona Fologo: L’un des « derniers des Mohicans » de l'Houphouétisme a tiré sa révérence|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/211125/politique/laurent-dona-fologo-lun-des-derniers-des-mohicans-de-lhouphouetisme-a-tire-sa-reverence|work=FratMat|date=2021-02-06|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr|author=Salif D. Cheickna}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1939]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] onn1xjb9n6glqpex9v9ygaynh0z3s3j 0 237317 1547728 2026-05-21T15:46:22Z Family 001 70423 Nimeanzisha makala mpya 1547728 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barni Ahmed Qaasim''' (Kisomali: Barni Axmed Qaasim, Kiarabu: بارني أحمد قاسم) ni msanii wa tasnia mbalimbali za habari na mwongozaji wa filamu kutoka nchini Somalia. Ana Shahada ya Kwanza ya Sayansi ya Siasa, akisomea pia Sanaa Zisizo na Mipaka ya Kitaaluma kama somo la ziada, na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa katika Utangazaji. Kazi zake zinajumuisha uandishi wa habari za picha na video, video za muziki, na filamu za maandishi. Kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2009, Qaasim alikuwa mwanachama wa Third World Majority, kundi la kikundi cha habari lililoko [[Oakland, California]], ambalo baadaye alilitumikia kama Mkurugenzi wa Uzalishaji. Kati ya mwaka 2008 na 2012, alifanya kazi kama mkufunzi katika jarida la Seventh Native American Generation (SNAG), akiwafundisha vijana ujuzi wa utengenezaji wa video. Filamu ya kwanza ya maandishi ya Qaasim, ''A Little Rebirth'', ilihusu jamii yake ya Kisomali na ilishinda tuzo ya Chama cha Wasomali cha Arizona (''Somali Association of Arizona''). Pia aliongoza na kutayarisha ''Catching Babies'', filamu ndefu ya maandishi kuhusu ukabili/ukunga katika mpaka wa [[Marekani]] na [[Meksiko|Mexico]]. Filamu hiyo ilitunukiwa tuzo ya Ubora katika Kuandika Habari za Afya za Wanawake kutoka taasisi ya Puente a la Salud mnamo mwaka 2013. Zaidi ya hayo, Qaasim alikuwa Mtayarishaji Mshiriki wa filamu ya maandishi ya ''Under Arpaio'' iliyoandaliwa na J. M. Aragón wa Pan Left Productions, ambayo ilishinda Tuzo ya Bora ya Arizona ya mwaka 2012 katika Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la [[Arizona]] na ilichaguliwa kwa ajili ya Kongamano la Wasanii wa Mabadiliko ya Kibunifu la Taasisi ya Sundance. Vilevile, alikuwa Mhariri Msaidizi wa ''Into the Current'', filamu ya maandishi iliyoongozwa na Jeanne Hallacy ambayo ilichaguliwa katika Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Lucerne na Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Haki za Binadamu la One World. Kwa sasa, Qaasim ni mwanachama wa bodi ya Chama cha Wasomali cha Arizona, shirika ambalo amechangia ujuzi wake wa upigaji picha, video, na usanifu wa picha tangu alipojiunga nalo mwaka 2006. Pia ni mwanachama wa Puente na anafanya kazi kama mshauri wa kikundi cha vijana cha habari cha Puente Visión.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Iftiin Productions {{!}} Independent Documentary and Video Production|url=http://iftiinproductions.com/sec/about.html|work=iftiinproductions.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|author=Barni Axmed Qaasim}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Barni Axmed Qaasim - Culture is Life|url=http://cultureislife.net/artists/barni/|work=cultureislife.net|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] baqc6f9ytveoh7zk6utegqk5wogaide 1548185 1547728 2026-05-22T10:14:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barni Ahmed Qaasim''' (Kisomali: Barni Axmed Qaasim, Kiarabu: بارني أحمد قاسم) ni msanii wa tasnia mbalimbali za habari na mwongozaji wa filamu kutoka nchini Somalia. Ana Shahada ya Kwanza ya Sayansi ya Siasa, akisomea pia Sanaa Zisizo na Mipaka ya Kitaaluma kama somo la ziada, na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa katika Utangazaji. Kazi zake zinajumuisha uandishi wa habari za picha na video, video za muziki, na filamu za maandishi. Kuanzia mwaka 2004 hadi 2009, Qaasim alikuwa mwanachama wa Third World Majority, kundi la kikundi cha habari lililoko [[Oakland, California]], ambalo baadaye alilitumikia kama Mkurugenzi wa Uzalishaji. Kati ya mwaka 2008 na 2012, alifanya kazi kama mkufunzi katika jarida la Seventh Native American Generation (SNAG), akiwafundisha vijana ujuzi wa utengenezaji wa video. Filamu ya kwanza ya maandishi ya Qaasim, ''A Little Rebirth'', ilihusu jamii yake ya Kisomali na ilishinda tuzo ya Chama cha Wasomali cha Arizona (''Somali Association of Arizona''). Pia aliongoza na kutayarisha ''Catching Babies'', filamu ndefu ya maandishi kuhusu ukabili/ukunga katika mpaka wa [[Marekani]] na [[Meksiko|Mexico]]. Filamu hiyo ilitunukiwa tuzo ya Ubora katika Kuandika Habari za Afya za Wanawake kutoka taasisi ya Puente a la Salud mnamo mwaka 2013. Zaidi ya hayo, Qaasim alikuwa Mtayarishaji Mshiriki wa filamu ya maandishi ya ''Under Arpaio'' iliyoandaliwa na J. M. Aragón wa Pan Left Productions, ambayo ilishinda Tuzo ya Bora ya Arizona ya mwaka 2012 katika Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la [[Arizona]] na ilichaguliwa kwa ajili ya Kongamano la Wasanii wa Mabadiliko ya Kibunifu la Taasisi ya Sundance. Vilevile, alikuwa Mhariri Msaidizi wa ''Into the Current'', filamu ya maandishi iliyoongozwa na Jeanne Hallacy ambayo ilichaguliwa katika Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Lucerne na Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Haki za Binadamu la One World. Kwa sasa, Qaasim ni mwanachama wa bodi ya Chama cha Wasomali cha Arizona, shirika ambalo amechangia ujuzi wake wa upigaji picha, video, na usanifu wa picha tangu alipojiunga nalo mwaka 2006. Pia ni mwanachama wa Puente na anafanya kazi kama mshauri wa kikundi cha vijana cha habari cha Puente Visión.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Iftiin Productions {{!}} Independent Documentary and Video Production|url=http://iftiinproductions.com/sec/about.html|work=iftiinproductions.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|author=Barni Axmed Qaasim}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Barni Axmed Qaasim - Culture is Life|url=http://cultureislife.net/artists/barni/|work=cultureislife.net|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US|archive-date=2014-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714143411/http://cultureislife.net/artists/barni/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] n4lcp5y9esrywoplg0n9nzx9licqc5y 0 237318 1547729 2026-05-21T15:48:13Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547729 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dominique Ouattara''' ni Mke wa Rais wa Côte d’Ivoire na ndiye anayeshikilia cheo cha “First Lady” wa nchi hiyo tangu 11 Aprili 2011.<ref>{{Citation|last=Risen|first=Clay|title=Henri Konan Bédié, Ivory Coast President Deposed in a Coup, Dies at 89|date=2023-08-05|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/05/world/africa/henri-konan-bedie-ivory-coast-president-deposed-in-a-coup-dies-at-89.html|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> Cheo cha First Lady wa Côte d’Ivoire (kwa [[Kifaransa]]: *Première dame de Côte d'Ivoire*) hutolewa kwa mke wa [[Rais]] wa nchi. Kati ya 4 Desemba 2010 hadi 11 Aprili 2011, kulikuwa na mgogoro wa uongozi ambapo Dominique Ouattara na Simone Gbagbo walidai nafasi hiyo kwa wakati mmoja kutokana na mzozo wa uchaguzi wa urais. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] tm1k80dlilx26t461jhp99iwb2xjvar 0 237319 1547730 2026-05-21T15:51:25Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547730 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane Ekra''' alihudumu kama Mkuu katika Wizara ya Afya na Udhibiti wa UKIMWI ya Jamhuri ya Côte d’Ivoire kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AIP/ La Côte d’Ivoire aux commandes du Groupe de travail régional sur la couverture du risque maladie – AIP – Agence Ivoirienne de Presse de Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://www.aip.ci/aip-la-cote-divoire-aux-commandes-du-groupe-de-travail-regional-sur-la-couverture-du-risque-maladie/|work=www.aip.ci|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2l3mervhr3s3z7k84jyo5oil62sywh4 1547835 1547730 2026-05-21T18:44:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547835 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eliane Ekra''' alihudumu kama Mkuu katika Wizara ya Afya na Udhibiti wa UKIMWI ya Jamhuri ya Côte d’Ivoire kuanzia mwaka 2013 hadi 2018.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=AIP/ La Côte d’Ivoire aux commandes du Groupe de travail régional sur la couverture du risque maladie – AIP – Agence Ivoirienne de Presse de Côte d'Ivoire|url=https://www.aip.ci/aip-la-cote-divoire-aux-commandes-du-groupe-de-travail-regional-sur-la-couverture-du-risque-maladie/|work=www.aip.ci|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1fm3e02yj2jvvuivn9xn8izr50j7khi 0 237320 1547732 2026-05-21T15:56:03Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547732 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alphonse Douati''' (1955 – 30 Januari 2022) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Citation|title=Mort du Ministre Alphonse Douati|date=2022-01-30|url=https://apr-news.fr/fr/actualites/mort-du-ministre-alphonse-douati|work=Agence de Presse Régionale|language=fr|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama waziri katika baraza la mawaziri la Rais Laurent Gbagbo. Alizaliwa mwaka 1955 katika kipindi cha “French Ivory Coast” (wakati Côte d’Ivoire ikiwa chini ya utawala wa kikoloni wa Ufaransa ndani ya French West Africa). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1955]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] ekbf95yn5vw3xml08yoizlm0qov18oq 0 237321 1547733 2026-05-21T16:02:26Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547733 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Loubo Augustin Djessou ('''amezaliwa 1917 huko Soubré, Côte d’Ivoire – alifariki 29 Novemba 1986) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Aliwahi kuhudumu katika Seneti ya Ufaransa kuanzia mwaka 1955 hadi 1958.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJESSOU Loubo Augustin|url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-4eme-republique/djessou_loubo_augustin0070r4.html|work=Sénat|date=2026-05-21|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1917]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1986]] nxcls7a3v77jcs6ljyjq13zp7de1pit 1547811 1547733 2026-05-21T18:07:20Z Don Malya 61486 1547811 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Loubo Augustin Djessou ('''amezaliwa 1917 huko Soubré, Côte d’Ivoire – alifariki 29 Novemba 1986) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Aliwahi kuhudumu katika Seneti ya Ufaransa kuanzia mwaka 1955 hadi 1958.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJESSOU Loubo Augustin|url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-4eme-republique/djessou_loubo_augustin0070r4.html|work=Sénat|date=2026-05-21|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1917]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1986]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] sdrwmk2a4q8pawo47yb5ecndixy224n 1547878 1547811 2026-05-21T20:32:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547878 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Loubo Augustin Djessou ('''amezaliwa 1917 huko Soubré, Côte d’Ivoire – alifariki 29 Novemba 1986) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Aliwahi kuhudumu katika Seneti ya Ufaransa kuanzia mwaka 1955 hadi 1958.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DJESSOU Loubo Augustin|url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-4eme-republique/djessou_loubo_augustin0070r4.html|work=Sénat|date=2026-05-21|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1917]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1986]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] ceq231wzxi7wwah9v0i0nahu9deukpj 0 237322 1547735 2026-05-21T16:07:51Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547735 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Étienne Djaument''' (11 Novemba 1911 – 15 Januari 1989) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJAUMENT Etienne|url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-4eme-republique/djaument_etienne0088r4.html|work=Sénat|date=2026-05-21|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Alizaliwa mwaka 1911 na alifariki mwaka 1989. Mwaka 1947 alichaguliwa kuwa seneta katika Seneti ya Ufaransa (French Senate). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1911]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] jyryhgsg3f11dikgdjwprdj28xsg4sd 1547809 1547735 2026-05-21T18:06:19Z Don Malya 61486 1547809 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Étienne Djaument''' (11 Novemba 1911 – 15 Januari 1989) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DJAUMENT Etienne|url=https://www.senat.fr/senateur-4eme-republique/djaument_etienne0088r4.html|work=Sénat|date=2026-05-21|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Alizaliwa mwaka 1911 na alifariki mwaka 1989. Mwaka 1947 alichaguliwa kuwa seneta katika Seneti ya Ufaransa (French Senate). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1911]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] bus5ji575taeze8peifrrax4mbg7i28 0 237323 1547736 2026-05-21T16:14:52Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547736 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Koffi Diby''' (7 Septemba 1957 – 7 Desemba 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Uchumi na Fedha kuanzia Aprili 2007 hadi Novemba 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d’Ivoire : décès de Charles Koffi Diby, président du Conseil économique et social|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/867333/politique/cote-divoire-deces-de-charles-koffi-diby-president-du-conseil-economique-et-social/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Baadaye alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Côte d’Ivoire kuanzia 2012 hadi 2016. Alifariki tarehe 7 Desemba 2019 akiwa na umri wa miaka 62. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] fm3aw6bin0aq0inchmmrx6s4dbielgw 1547808 1547736 2026-05-21T18:05:43Z Don Malya 61486 1547808 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Koffi Diby''' (7 Septemba 1957 – 7 Desemba 2019) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Uchumi na Fedha kuanzia Aprili 2007 hadi Novemba 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d’Ivoire : décès de Charles Koffi Diby, président du Conseil économique et social|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/867333/politique/cote-divoire-deces-de-charles-koffi-diby-president-du-conseil-economique-et-social/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Baadaye alikuwa Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Côte d’Ivoire kuanzia 2012 hadi 2016. Alifariki tarehe 7 Desemba 2019 akiwa na umri wa miaka 62. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] omadrv7dbq4atgjipiykoaal45i5qzt 0 237324 1547737 2026-05-21T16:20:04Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547737 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seydou Elimane Diarra''' (23 Novemba 1933 – 19 Julai 2020) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Citation|title=L’ancien premier ministre ivoirien, Seydou Diarra, est mort|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2020/07/19/l-ancien-premier-ministre-ivoirien-seydou-diarra-est-mort_6046674_3382.html|work=Le Monde.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu mwaka 2000 na tena kuanzia 2003 hadi 2005. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] gf3e1hh91rfv4l010bj4sg2icra89d1 1547807 1547737 2026-05-21T18:05:14Z Don Malya 61486 1547807 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seydou Elimane Diarra''' (23 Novemba 1933 – 19 Julai 2020) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Citation|title=L’ancien premier ministre ivoirien, Seydou Diarra, est mort|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2020/07/19/l-ancien-premier-ministre-ivoirien-seydou-diarra-est-mort_6046674_3382.html|work=Le Monde.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri Mkuu mwaka 2000 na tena kuanzia 2003 hadi 2005. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] hya40pao2j4ugbf0dfn3a9x1pp42oq2 0 237325 1547739 2026-05-21T16:29:05Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547739 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gérard Aké Loba''' (15 Agosti 1927 – 3 Agosti 2012) alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na mwandishi kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ELFENBEINKÜSTE (COTE D'IVOIRE )- Chronik zur Sozial- und Literaturgeschichte|url=https://www.marabout.de/chronik/laender/ivoire.htm|work=www.marabout.de|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Alizaliwa Abobo, Côte d’Ivoire, na alifariki Aix-en-Provence, [[Ufaransa]]. Mwaka 1961 alishinda tuzo ya fasihi ya *Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire*. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1927]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] l57pyd4yet1rukx9hlbncf26cni8v54 1547806 1547739 2026-05-21T18:04:33Z Don Malya 61486 1547806 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gérard Aké Loba''' (15 Agosti 1927 – 3 Agosti 2012) alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na mwandishi kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ELFENBEINKÜSTE (COTE D'IVOIRE )- Chronik zur Sozial- und Literaturgeschichte|url=https://www.marabout.de/chronik/laender/ivoire.htm|work=www.marabout.de|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Alizaliwa Abobo, Côte d’Ivoire, na alifariki Aix-en-Provence, [[Ufaransa]]. Mwaka 1961 alishinda tuzo ya fasihi ya *Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire*. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1927]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] iyp83irubva7fhudvk3by786bmrx43c 0 237326 1547753 2026-05-21T16:42:00Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547753 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bamba Mamadou''' (1952 – 2012) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Côte d’Ivoire kuanzia 14 Machi 2003 hadi 3 Januari 2006.<ref>{{Citation|title=Obsèques du ministre d’Etat, Bamba Mamadou : L’adieu émouvant de l’Etat à son serviteur, hier|url=http://news.abidjan.net/h/422756.html|work=Abidjan.net|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] ochf6285jzvm5arccm5hvo9a60ohi96 1547805 1547753 2026-05-21T18:03:57Z Don Malya 61486 1547805 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bamba Mamadou''' (1952 – 2012) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Côte d’Ivoire kuanzia 14 Machi 2003 hadi 3 Januari 2006.<ref>{{Citation|title=Obsèques du ministre d’Etat, Bamba Mamadou : L’adieu émouvant de l’Etat à son serviteur, hier|url=http://news.abidjan.net/h/422756.html|work=Abidjan.net|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] 5vrfrsiuj8v4k8oes0d7r6zl4zc4xqe 0 237327 1547756 2026-05-21T16:46:52Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547756 wikitext text/x-wiki Théodore Mel Eg (10 Julai 1952 – 11 Julai 2019) alikuwa mwanasiasa kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni na Francophonie. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] rph5wj3hdjg9d5wmagb3wcjw1j0rngo 1547804 1547756 2026-05-21T18:03:30Z Don Malya 61486 1547804 wikitext text/x-wiki Théodore Mel Eg (10 Julai 1952 – 11 Julai 2019) alikuwa mwanasiasa kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni na Francophonie.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mel Eg Théodore décède le lendemain de son anniversaire {{!}} Afrique sur 7|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/429014-mel-eg-theodore-decede-anniversaire|work=www.afrique-sur7.fr|date=2019-07-11|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2019]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] cf63j6ou52y0fry041jfdz1fu4jlzg4 0 237328 1547760 2026-05-21T16:53:35Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547760 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Léon Emmanuel Monnet''' (amezaliwa 18 Aprili 1952) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Agnès Monnet, les secrets de sa rencontre avec Gbagbo {{!}} Afrique sur 7|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/421497-agnes-monnet-secrets-rencontre-gbagbo|work=www.afrique-sur7.fr|date=2019-04-08|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Migodi na Nishati wa Côte d’Ivoire na pia meya wa Adzopé. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] ciqqw3hwtum8oynjciq17bkzbwnp1vs 1547803 1547760 2026-05-21T18:01:44Z Don Malya 61486 1547803 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Léon Emmanuel Monnet''' (amezaliwa 18 Aprili 1952) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Agnès Monnet, les secrets de sa rencontre avec Gbagbo {{!}} Afrique sur 7|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/421497-agnes-monnet-secrets-rencontre-gbagbo|work=www.afrique-sur7.fr|date=2019-04-08|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Migodi na Nishati wa Côte d’Ivoire na pia meya wa Adzopé. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] e99gv5kl45zza66b447zgvona263bj2 1547879 1547803 2026-05-21T20:36:09Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547879 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Léon Emmanuel Monnet''' (amezaliwa 18 Aprili 1952) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Agnès Monnet, les secrets de sa rencontre avec Gbagbo {{!}} Afrique sur 7|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/421497-agnes-monnet-secrets-rencontre-gbagbo|work=www.afrique-sur7.fr|date=2019-04-08|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Migodi na Nishati wa Côte d’Ivoire na pia meya wa Adzopé. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] ltyb83dszbfmyhdl1cg6sc3vfwf89pr 0 237329 1547761 2026-05-21T16:57:27Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547761 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Amani N'Guessan''' (amezaliwa 1957) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=http://www.mensca-gov-ci.com/biographie.php|url=http://www.mensca-gov-ci.com/biographie.php|work=www.mensca-gov-ci.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|author=Djaponon Atche Yves Didier : Tel : 07.08.26.32 // Designer chez C.A.D Com Africa Designer}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ulinzi wa Côte d’Ivoire na ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 88vxe82ftfd37bw8a4csne86cwv0k02 1547802 1547761 2026-05-21T18:01:19Z Don Malya 61486 1547802 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Amani N'Guessan''' (amezaliwa 1957) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=http://www.mensca-gov-ci.com/biographie.php|url=http://www.mensca-gov-ci.com/biographie.php|work=www.mensca-gov-ci.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|author=Djaponon Atche Yves Didier : Tel : 07.08.26.32 // Designer chez C.A.D Com Africa Designer}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ulinzi wa Côte d’Ivoire na ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] 9buepsrb5v4mpqty5ln5t4y6mtz4e83 1547887 1547802 2026-05-21T21:01:54Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547887 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michel Amani N'Guessan''' (amezaliwa 1957) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=http://www.mensca-gov-ci.com/biographie.php|url=http://www.mensca-gov-ci.com/biographie.php|work=www.mensca-gov-ci.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|author=Djaponon Atche Yves Didier : Tel : 07.08.26.32 // Designer chez C.A.D Com Africa Designer}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Ulinzi wa Côte d’Ivoire na ni mwanachama wa chama cha Ivorian Popular Front (FPI). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] cv3d78cgai5962y9oq0vd0nr4ala4c3 0 237330 1547764 2026-05-21T17:01:24Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547764 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara''' (amezaliwa 25 Desemba 1938) ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://tocqueville65.fr/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Notice-Diaby-Ouattara.pdf|work=tocqueville65.fr|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Alihudumu kama Katibu Mtendaji wa kwanza wa Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Nchi za Afrika Magharibi (ECOWAS) tangu kuanzishwa kwake mwaka 1977 hadi 1985. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] 4yrkdybkwc9007wmj1ui4n6vf1kx94r 1547799 1547764 2026-05-21T17:58:57Z Don Malya 61486 1547799 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aboubakar Diaby Ouattara''' (amezaliwa 25 Desemba 1938) ni [[mwanadiplomasia]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://tocqueville65.fr/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Notice-Diaby-Ouattara.pdf|work=tocqueville65.fr|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Alihudumu kama Katibu Mtendaji wa kwanza wa Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Nchi za Afrika Magharibi (ECOWAS) tangu kuanzishwa kwake mwaka 1977 hadi 1985. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] cj09we2v77ss36tpjocrfc45y586669 0 237331 1547766 2026-05-21T17:04:50Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547766 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lambert Amon Tanoh''' (14 Novemba 1926 – 13 Januari 2022) alikuwa mwalimu, kiongozi wa wafanyakazi, na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Pia aliwahi kuhudumu kama balozi wa Côte d’Ivoire nchini [[Algeria]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_VptCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78|title=Historical Dictionary of Cote d'Ivoire (The Ivory Coast)|last=Daddieh|first=Cyril K.|date=2016-02-09|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-7389-6|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] j12qlq7d7yvfuykgylvd6k6r6pay79d 1547874 1547766 2026-05-21T20:25:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547874 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lambert Amon Tanoh''' (14 Novemba 1926 – 13 Januari 2022) alikuwa mwalimu, kiongozi wa wafanyakazi, na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Pia aliwahi kuhudumu kama balozi wa Côte d’Ivoire nchini [[Algeria]].<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_VptCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78|title=Historical Dictionary of Cote d'Ivoire (The Ivory Coast)|last=Daddieh|first=Cyril K.|date=2016-02-09|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-7389-6|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1926]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2022]] eozurxo66n0im66fe0txhpgflos2wcz 0 237332 1547770 2026-05-21T17:08:22Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547770 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Augustin Abdoulaye Thiam Houphouët''' (amezaliwa 14 Agosti 1952) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Tangu mwaka 2011, amekuwa gavana wa Wilaya Huru ya Yamoussoukro.<ref>{{Citation|title=Dr Augustin THIAM a été reconduit Gouverneur du District Autonome de Yamoussoukro|url=http://news.abidjan.net/p/277649.html|work=Abidjan.net|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] drg3r1cdi6o0g20rmmr8d2mvtrhsm8r 1547801 1547770 2026-05-21T18:00:56Z Don Malya 61486 1547801 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Augustin Abdoulaye Thiam Houphouët''' (amezaliwa 14 Agosti 1952) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Tangu mwaka 2011, amekuwa gavana wa Wilaya Huru ya Yamoussoukro.<ref>{{Citation|title=Dr Augustin THIAM a été reconduit Gouverneur du District Autonome de Yamoussoukro|url=http://news.abidjan.net/p/277649.html|work=Abidjan.net|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] 9pybifmmowvr1lyde0ff9ig13ljsfwp 0 237333 1547771 2026-05-21T17:11:46Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547771 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Kakou Tiapani''' (c. 27 Septemba 1944 – 9 Septemba 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire: Décès de l'ex-ministre Albert Kacou Tiapani {{!}} Afrique sur 7|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/481315-deces-ex-ministre-kacou-tiapani|work=www.afrique-sur7.fr|date=2021-09-09|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Makazi na Mipango Miji katika serikali ya pili ya Daniel Kablan Duncan. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] 12gisvfwq6ne2ftkb9bbd75nbg990x4 1547800 1547771 2026-05-21T18:00:14Z Don Malya 61486 1547800 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Kakou Tiapani''' (c. 27 Septemba 1944 – 9 Septemba 2021) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally (PDCI-RDA).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Côte d'Ivoire: Décès de l'ex-ministre Albert Kacou Tiapani {{!}} Afrique sur 7|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/481315-deces-ex-ministre-kacou-tiapani|work=www.afrique-sur7.fr|date=2021-09-09|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Makazi na Mipango Miji katika serikali ya pili ya Daniel Kablan Duncan. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1944]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2021]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] bbay4bl4cvhuaix39usyxfl6n0qx66e 0 237334 1547777 2026-05-21T17:16:53Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sabita Mohammad''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Mohammad alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-...' 1547777 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sabita Mohammad''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Mohammad alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=9 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Mohammad, Sabita}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] mdutsh77f693dyv7wf87xy9vghxbnx7 14 237335 1547779 2026-05-21T17:18:50Z Husseyn Issa 44885 Created blank page 1547779 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 237336 1547781 2026-05-21T17:21:38Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Zeenat Mosharraf''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 29.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/former-mp-s/list-of-7th-parliament-members-bangla|title=List of 7th Parliament Members|website=Bangladesh Parliament|access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref> == Kazi == Mosharraf na m...' 1547781 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zeenat Mosharraf''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 29.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/former-mp-s/list-of-7th-parliament-members-bangla|title=List of 7th Parliament Members|website=Bangladesh Parliament|access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref> == Kazi == Mosharraf na mume wake walikamatwa mnamo mwaka 1990 na kuhukumiwa kifungo cha miaka 120 jela chini ya Sheria ya Mamlaka Maalum (Special Powers Act) baada ya kuanguka kwa serikali ya Hussain Mohammad Ershad. Baadaye, alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake mnamo mwaka 1996 kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh-Politics: Love Affair Could Cost Ershad His Party|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/1997/04/bangladesh-politics-love-affair-could-cost-ershad-his-party/ |access-date=24 January 2019 |work=ipsnews.net}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Mosharraf, Zeenat}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] lehesayla16t8uuc7d7o3ragrk1nptf 0 237337 1547782 2026-05-21T17:23:28Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khurshida Moyejuddin''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Moyejuddin alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 1st Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn...' 1547782 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khurshida Moyejuddin''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Awami League nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Moyejuddin alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 1st Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909153327/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940||Moyejuddin, Khurshida}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 05ojup8rp52taghnxnfpwd0t5bkba60 0 237338 1547786 2026-05-21T17:34:43Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ' '''Nurjahan Murshid''' (jina la kuzaliwa: '''Beg'''; 22 Mei 1924 – 1 Septemba 2003) alikuwa mwandishi wa habari, mwalimu, waziri wa baraza la mawaziri nchini [[Bangladesh]], na mwanaharakati wa kijamii.<ref name=Banglapedia>{{|author=Hossain, Md Mukbil |article=Murshid, Nurjahan }}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema na familia == Noorjahan Beg alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 22 Mei 1924 katika familia ya Kibengali ya ukoo wa Baig huko Taranagar, Murshidabad, katika ene...' 1547786 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nurjahan Murshid''' (jina la kuzaliwa: '''Beg'''; 22 Mei 1924 – 1 Septemba 2003) alikuwa mwandishi wa habari, mwalimu, waziri wa baraza la mawaziri nchini [[Bangladesh]], na mwanaharakati wa kijamii.<ref name=Banglapedia>{{|author=Hossain, Md Mukbil |article=Murshid, Nurjahan }}</ref> == Maisha ya mapema na familia == Noorjahan Beg alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 22 Mei 1924 katika familia ya Kibengali ya ukoo wa Baig huko Taranagar, Murshidabad, katika eneo ambalo wakati huo lilikuwa India ya Kiingereza (British India). Alikuwa mtoto wa nne kati ya mabinti saba wa Janab Ayub Hussain Beg na Bibi Khatimunnessa. Alipata elimu yake ya msingi nyumbani chini ya uangalizi wa baba yake, ambaye alikuwa mkuu wa polisi na daroga huko Lalgola, Murshidabad, chini ya Jeshi la Polisi la Uingereza, na baadaye chini ya ami yake Profesa Husam Uddin Beg, aliyekuwa Mkuu wa Chuo cha Brojomohun huko Barisal. Alihitimisha elimu yake ya sekondari kwa daraja la kwanza (first division) katika Taasisi ya Victoria (Victoria Institution) huko Calcutta. Baadaye, alitunukiwa digrii ya uzamili (Master's) katika fani ya historia kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Calcutta.<ref name="TMurshid">{{cite news |last=Murshid |first=Tazeen |title=Noor Jehan Murshid, or a power woman |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-247867 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=7 April 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1924|2003|Murshid, Nurjahan}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 7t73ss5m2szoh0t8oq2fzywrg7n1y7k 0 237339 1547788 2026-05-21T17:37:35Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rahmatun Nesa''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Nesa alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |tit...' 1547788 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rahmatun Nesa''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Nesa alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Nesa, Rahmatun}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] ca5hulhk1i4kcqlbw25ibn04etn80qz 0 237340 1547791 2026-05-21T17:42:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Noore-Ara-Shafa''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Noore-Ara-Shafa alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared ele...' 1547791 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Noore-Ara-Shafa''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Noore-Ara-Shafa alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/thirty-six-mps-in-women-reserved-seats-unofficially-declared-elected |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=2 September 2005}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955||Noore-Ara-Shafa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] ji9agqe0m6wgo7x7s5tigyplh3jjsb4 0 237341 1547792 2026-05-21T17:44:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''AJ Enayet Nur''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Nur alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=9 A...' 1547792 wikitext text/x-wiki '''AJ Enayet Nur''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Nur alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=9 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Nur, AJ Enayet}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 56gogsfxi0ctwxlzl87r0vhzn9k1o2l 0 237342 1547795 2026-05-21T17:49:13Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khaleda Panna''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Panna alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https...' 1547795 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khaleda Panna''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Panna alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/thirty-six-mps-in-women-reserved-seats-unofficially-declared-elected |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=2 September 2005}}</ref> Pia, alikuwa mwanasheria katika Mahakama Kuu ya Bangladesh (Bangladesh Supreme Court).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Over 100 SC lawyers die in 2020 - - observerbd.com |url=https://www.observerbd.com/news.php?id=294570 |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=The Daily Observer}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950|2020|Panna, Khaleda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] bxh3y6r0akr0mvfu9jc537ygd14qxol 1547863 1547795 2026-05-21T19:50:57Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547863 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khaleda Panna''' alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Panna alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/thirty-six-mps-in-women-reserved-seats-unofficially-declared-elected |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=2 September 2005}}</ref> Pia, alikuwa mwanasheria katika Mahakama Kuu ya Bangladesh (Bangladesh Supreme Court).<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=Over 100 SC lawyers die in 2020 - - observerbd.com |url=https://www.observerbd.com/news.php?id=294570 |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=The Daily Observer}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950|2020|Panna, Khaleda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 91fgw1sutuqbwhma8fb5pcd4nt94j9e 0 237343 1547797 2026-05-21T17:53:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fatema Chowdhury Paru''' (4 Agosti 1944 – 25 Desemba 2002) alikuwa mwanasiasa kutoka wilaya ya Sylhet nchini [[Bangladesh]] ambaye alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake (Kiti namba 24). == Maisha ya mapema == Paru alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 4 Agosti 1944 katika kijiji cha Rankeli mkoani Golapganj, katika Wilaya ya Sylhet, eneo la East Bengal, wakati huo ikiwa India ya Kiingereza (British India).<ref>{{Cite news|date=22 De...' 1547797 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatema Chowdhury Paru''' (4 Agosti 1944 – 25 Desemba 2002) alikuwa mwanasiasa kutoka wilaya ya Sylhet nchini [[Bangladesh]] ambaye alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake (Kiti namba 24). == Maisha ya mapema == Paru alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 4 Agosti 1944 katika kijiji cha Rankeli mkoani Golapganj, katika Wilaya ya Sylhet, eneo la East Bengal, wakati huo ikiwa India ya Kiingereza (British India).<ref>{{Cite news|date=22 December 2014|script-title=bn:স্মৃতিচারণ, কৃতি নারী সম্মাননায় শেষ হলো সিলেট সরকারী মহিলা কলেজের ৭৫ বছর পূর্তি|work=Surma Times|url=https://archive.surmatimes.com/2014/12/22/11724.aspx/|url-status=live|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201010042656/https://archive.surmatimes.com/2014/12/22/11724.aspx/|archive-date=10 October 2020}}</ref> Alikuwa binti wa kwanza wa marehemu Abdul Hamid Hamdu Miah. Mnamo mwaka 1973, alihitimu masomo yake ya ngazi ya juu ya sekondari (HSC) kutoka Chuo cha Wanawake cha Serikali cha Sylhet. Kaka yake, [[Yamin Chowdhury]], alitunukiwa nishani ya kijeshi ya Bir Bikram.<ref>{{Cite news|date=17 August 2019|script-title=bn:প্রবাসী মোমিন চৌধুরীর ইন্তেকাল|work=[[Sylheter Dak]]|url=https://sylheterdak.com.bd/details.php?id=28840|url-status=live|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201010042752/https://sylheterdak.com.bd/details.php?id=28840|archive-date=10 October 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1944|2002|Paru, Fatema Chowdhury}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] rvflgshpfllr47hth4gq55yg0srsdrp 1547844 1547797 2026-05-21T18:52:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547844 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fatema Chowdhury Paru''' (4 Agosti 1944 – 25 Desemba 2002) alikuwa mwanasiasa kutoka wilaya ya Sylhet nchini [[Bangladesh]] ambaye alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake (Kiti namba 24). == Maisha ya mapema == Paru alizaliwa mnamo tarehe 4 Agosti 1944 katika kijiji cha Rankeli mkoani Golapganj, katika Wilaya ya Sylhet, eneo la East Bengal, wakati huo ikiwa India ya Kiingereza (British India).<ref>{{Rejea habari|date=22 December 2014|script-title=bn:স্মৃতিচারণ, কৃতি নারী সম্মাননায় শেষ হলো সিলেট সরকারী মহিলা কলেজের ৭৫ বছর পূর্তি|work=Surma Times|url=https://archive.surmatimes.com/2014/12/22/11724.aspx/|url-status=live|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201010042656/https://archive.surmatimes.com/2014/12/22/11724.aspx/|archive-date=10 October 2020}}</ref> Alikuwa binti wa kwanza wa marehemu Abdul Hamid Hamdu Miah. Mnamo mwaka 1973, alihitimu masomo yake ya ngazi ya juu ya sekondari (HSC) kutoka Chuo cha Wanawake cha Serikali cha Sylhet. Kaka yake, [[Yamin Chowdhury]], alitunukiwa nishani ya kijeshi ya Bir Bikram.<ref>{{Rejea habari|date=17 August 2019|script-title=bn:প্রবাসী মোমিন চৌধুরীর ইন্তেকাল|work=[[Sylheter Dak]]|url=https://sylheterdak.com.bd/details.php?id=28840|url-status=live|access-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201010042752/https://sylheterdak.com.bd/details.php?id=28840|archive-date=10 October 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1944|2002|Paru, Fatema Chowdhury}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 9an2gfms3mb0k66o5wfv9wt7mbj8xr2 0 237344 1547815 2026-05-21T18:13:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nurun Nahar Parveen''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Parveen alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |acce...' 1547815 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nurun Nahar Parveen''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Parveen alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Parveen, Nurun Nahar}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] c4bwd1q80qq6zj0fl9viie9luvtr1z7 1548226 1547815 2026-05-22T11:01:39Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548226 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nurun Nahar Parveen''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Parveen alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Parveen, Nurun Nahar}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] qt836imyvai0hmux9mikdyvwbs48lls 0 237345 1547816 2026-05-21T18:17:24Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khaleda Rabbani''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=AL men set afire electoral office, claims Moulvibazar-3 BN... |url=https://www.unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/al-men-set-afire-electoral-office-claims-moulvibazar-3-bnp-candidate/9481 |accessdate=9 April 2020 |work=UNB |lan...' 1547816 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khaleda Rabbani''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=AL men set afire electoral office, claims Moulvibazar-3 BN... |url=https://www.unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/al-men-set-afire-electoral-office-claims-moulvibazar-3-bnp-candidate/9481 |accessdate=9 April 2020 |work=UNB |language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Rabbani alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/thirty-six-mps-in-women-reserved-seats-unofficially-declared-elected |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=2 September 2005}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955||Rabbani, Khaleda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 4ul05ux3glzr5r568exizeq24ki7syp 1548235 1547816 2026-05-22T11:08:50Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548235 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khaleda Rabbani''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=AL men set afire electoral office, claims Moulvibazar-3 BN... |url=https://www.unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/al-men-set-afire-electoral-office-claims-moulvibazar-3-bnp-candidate/9481 |accessdate=9 April 2020 |work=UNB |language=en}}</ref> == Kazi == Rabbani alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/thirty-six-mps-in-women-reserved-seats-unofficially-declared-elected |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=2 September 2005}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955||Rabbani, Khaleda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 1pi5900srwkw5u0lnx4aogtf0axco4u 0 237346 1547817 2026-05-21T18:18:15Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mark Jason Miller'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 USA Championships 2000] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20140303170921/http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf](https://web.archive.org/web/20140303170921/http://...' 1547817 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mark Jason Miller'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 USA Championships 2000] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20140303170921/http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf](https://web.archive.org/web/20140303170921/http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf) |date=2014-03-03 }}</ref> (amezaliwa 17 Septemba 1971) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyeshiriki katika uzito wa heavyweight. Pia ni [[mwandishi]] aliyechapisha vitabu na [[msanii]]. Miller, anayejulikana pia kwa jina la utani “Fightshark”, alipigana katika mashindano ya K-1 kuanzia miaka ya 2000 na aliwahi kufanya mazoezi katika kambi za Iron City Gym na Golden Glory. Mbali na mapigano, aliandika wasifu wake uitwao ''Pain Don't Hurt: Fighting Inside and Outside the Ring'', unaoelezea maisha yake ndani na nje ya ulingo wa mapambano. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] ss3nfmgit0kc9652i45b48o9qnb0b3n 1548251 1547817 2026-05-22T11:19:03Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548251 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mark Jason Miller'''<ref>[[http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf](http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf) NSAC report of K-1 USA Championships 2000] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20140303170921/http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf](https://web.archive.org/web/20140303170921/http://boxing.nv.gov/uploadedFiles/boxingnvgov/content/results/2000_Results/08-05-00KB.pdf) |date=2014-03-03 }}</ref> (amezaliwa 17 Septemba 1971) ni mpiganaji mstaafu wa kickboxing kutoka [[Marekani]] aliyeshiriki katika uzito wa heavyweight. Pia ni [[mwandishi]] aliyechapisha vitabu na [[msanii]]. Miller, anayejulikana pia kwa jina la utani “Fightshark”, alipigana katika mashindano ya K-1 kuanzia miaka ya 2000 na aliwahi kufanya mazoezi katika kambi za Iron City Gym na Golden Glory. Mbali na mapigano, aliandika wasifu wake uitwao ''Pain Don't Hurt: Fighting Inside and Outside the Ring'', unaoelezea maisha yake ndani na nje ya ulingo wa mapambano. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1971|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] i9kjc8hlu2mtx6k5zbqxd9vs0havyar 0 237347 1547818 2026-05-21T18:20:18Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Amina Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament....' 1547818 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amina Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940||Rahman, Amina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] s50qspl6l2gkmdgf8936fuvyauacipi 1548236 1547818 2026-05-22T11:09:42Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548236 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amina Rahman''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940||Rahman, Amina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] fj11wdxud7rtyh5sfvqj07anwrgqd24 0 237348 1547819 2026-05-21T18:21:28Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Igor Mihaljević''' (amezaliwa 8 Agosti 1979) ni Igor Mihaljević mpiganaji wa uzani wa juu wa kickboxing kutoka [[Croatia]], anayepigana akitokea mji wa [[Karlovac]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://scorpionteam.com/borci_igor_mihaljevic.htm](http://scorpionteam.com/borci_igor_mihaljevic.htm) |title=Scorpion Team- Mihaljevic's profile |publisher=scorpionteam.com |accessdate=2012-11-16}}</ref> Amejulikana kwa kupambana dhidi ya wapiganaji maarufu wa kickboxi...' 1547819 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Igor Mihaljević''' (amezaliwa 8 Agosti 1979) ni Igor Mihaljević mpiganaji wa uzani wa juu wa kickboxing kutoka [[Croatia]], anayepigana akitokea mji wa [[Karlovac]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://scorpionteam.com/borci_igor_mihaljevic.htm](http://scorpionteam.com/borci_igor_mihaljevic.htm) |title=Scorpion Team- Mihaljevic's profile |publisher=scorpionteam.com |accessdate=2012-11-16}}</ref> Amejulikana kwa kupambana dhidi ya wapiganaji maarufu wa kickboxing kama Daniel Ghiță, Cătălin Moroșanu na Tyrone Spong, huku ushindi wake mkubwa ukiwa dhidi ya Gary Goodridge.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Mihaljevi%C4%87|title=Igor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Mihaljevi%C4%87|title=Igor) Mihaljević|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Kroatia]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s8z42q4ujoly27k9aopaosukao3qqrs 1548254 1547819 2026-05-22T11:20:24Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548254 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Igor Mihaljević''' (amezaliwa 8 Agosti 1979) ni mpiganaji wa uzani wa juu wa kickboxing kutoka [[Croatia]], anayepigana akitokea mji wa [[Karlovac]].<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://scorpionteam.com/borci_igor_mihaljevic.htm](http://scorpionteam.com/borci_igor_mihaljevic.htm) |title=Scorpion Team- Mihaljevic's profile |publisher=scorpionteam.com |accessdate=2012-11-16}}</ref> Amejulikana kwa kupambana dhidi ya wapiganaji maarufu wa kickboxing kama Daniel Ghiță, Cătălin Moroșanu na Tyrone Spong, huku ushindi wake mkubwa ukiwa dhidi ya Gary Goodridge.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Mihaljevi%C4%87|title=Igor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Mihaljevi%C4%87|title=Igor) Mihaljević|website=Wikipedia}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1979|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Kroatia]] 5ddaa3pwjxpu34fmugca3wb14tt8t49 0 237349 1547821 2026-05-21T18:23:15Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Asiya Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.par...' 1547821 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Asiya Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=2018-09-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Rahman, Asiya}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 9yebd60s59z6l1m9qi304nencqrxr9b 1547822 1547821 2026-05-21T18:24:15Z Egipa 87700 1547822 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Asiya Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=2018-09-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Rahman, Asiya}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 6if5nm9dbg3ijo0qo7hr40iq649tf8q 1548255 1547822 2026-05-22T11:21:15Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548255 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Asiya Rahman''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=2018-09-17}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Rahman, Asiya}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 8kih98w0x0wo127pusjg9hg2s4lveod 0 237350 1547823 2026-05-21T18:25:01Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mehdi Mirdavoudi''' ( amezaliwa 11 Septemba 1977) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing wa uzito wa heavyweight kutoka [[Irani|Iran]]<ref>[[http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208](http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208) Fighter Profile: Mehdi Mirdavoudi] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081014095031/http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208](https://web.archive.org/web/20081014095031/http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208) |date=200...' 1547823 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mehdi Mirdavoudi''' ( amezaliwa 11 Septemba 1977) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing wa uzito wa heavyweight kutoka [[Irani|Iran]]<ref>[[http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208](http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208) Fighter Profile: Mehdi Mirdavoudi] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081014095031/http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208](https://web.archive.org/web/20081014095031/http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208) |date=2008-10-14 }}</ref><ref>[[http://www.k-1.co.jp/en/fighter/player.php?index=mehdi_mirdavoudi](http://www.k-1.co.jp/en/fighter/player.php?index=mehdi_mirdavoudi) Mehdi Mirdavoudi]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[[http://k-1sport.de/en/database/show_fighter.php?id=1116](http://k-1sport.de/en/database/show_fighter.php?id=1116) Mehdi Mirdavoudi]</ref> na pia mwanamichezo wa mashindano ya nguvu (strongman) wa kitaaluma.<ref>[[http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm](http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm) Medi Mirdawoodi] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811221419/http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20110811221419/http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm) |date=2011-08-11 }}</ref> Amekuwa akiwakilisha [[Iran]] katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kimataifa ya kickboxing na strongman. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] ev5o335s9bwio4x56lda0pn2nghkvy1 1548258 1547823 2026-05-22T11:22:54Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548258 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mehdi Mirdavoudi''' ( amezaliwa [[11 Septemba]] [[1977]]) ni [[Mchezo wa ngumi|mpiganaji wa kickboxing]] wa uzito wa heavyweight kutoka [[Irani|Iran]]<ref>[[http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208](http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208) Fighter Profile: Mehdi Mirdavoudi] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081014095031/http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208](https://web.archive.org/web/20081014095031/http://www.mmauniverse.com/fighters/SS25208) |date=2008-10-14 }}</ref><ref>[[http://www.k-1.co.jp/en/fighter/player.php?index=mehdi_mirdavoudi](http://www.k-1.co.jp/en/fighter/player.php?index=mehdi_mirdavoudi) Mehdi Mirdavoudi]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[[http://k-1sport.de/en/database/show_fighter.php?id=1116](http://k-1sport.de/en/database/show_fighter.php?id=1116) Mehdi Mirdavoudi]</ref> na pia mwanamichezo wa mashindano ya nguvu (strongman) wa kitaaluma.<ref>[[http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm](http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm) Medi Mirdawoodi] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811221419/http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20110811221419/http://asiastrongmen.com/Mehdi%20Mirdawoodi.htm) |date=2011-08-11 }}</ref> Amekuwa akiwakilisha Irani katika mashindano mbalimbali ya kimataifa ya kickboxing na strongman. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1977|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] cu752994gecc7ut4wg6noqhmzhij5rz 0 237351 1547825 2026-05-21T18:26:21Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Farida Rahman''' (16 Agosti 1945 – 18 Mei 2021)<ref>{{cite web |title=Constituency 317 |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9th-parliament/1220-constituency-317?csrt=2044781506234693365 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528093119/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9t...' 1547825 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Rahman''' (16 Agosti 1945 – 18 Mei 2021)<ref>{{cite web |title=Constituency 317 |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9th-parliament/1220-constituency-317?csrt=2044781506234693365 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528093119/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9th-parliament/1220-constituency-317?csrt=2044781506234693365 |archive-date=28 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-05-19 |title=Ex MP Farida Rahman passes away |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/05/19/ex-mp-farida-rahman-passes-away |access-date=2021-05-20 |work=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hossain |first=Mosharrof |title=PM mourns death of Mohila AL VP Farida Rahman |work=Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS) |url=http://www.bssnews.net/?p=580616 |access-date=2021-05-20 |language=en-US |archive-date=20 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520051950/http://www.bssnews.net/?p=580616 |url-status=dead }}</ref> alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 17 kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=45 woman MPs elected |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-80498 |access-date=2 April 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=20 March 2009 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945|2021|Rahman, Farida}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 52jstzyerq7o5w7l8vs0cak45poe6wu 1547843 1547825 2026-05-21T18:52:34Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1547843 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Rahman''' (16 Agosti 1945 – 18 Mei 2021)<ref>{{cite web |title=Constituency 317 |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9th-parliament/1220-constituency-317?csrt=2044781506234693365 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528093119/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9th-parliament/1220-constituency-317?csrt=2044781506234693365 |archive-date=28 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |date=2021-05-19 |title=Ex MP Farida Rahman passes away |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/05/19/ex-mp-farida-rahman-passes-away |access-date=2021-05-20 |work=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Hossain |first=Mosharrof |title=PM mourns death of Mohila AL VP Farida Rahman |work=Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS) |url=http://www.bssnews.net/?p=580616 |access-date=2021-05-20 |language=en-US |archive-date=20 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520051950/http://www.bssnews.net/?p=580616 |url-status=dead }}</ref> alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 17 kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=45 woman MPs elected |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-80498 |access-date=2 April 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=20 March 2009 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945|2021|Rahman, Farida}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 4011u2c6675li7ae5cm5sx356vdqla1 1548262 1547843 2026-05-22T11:24:37Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548262 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Rahman''' (16 Agosti 1945 – 18 Mei 2021)<ref>{{cite web |title=Constituency 317 |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9th-parliament/1220-constituency-317?csrt=2044781506234693365 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=2 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528093119/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/get-involved/contact-an-mp/110-mps-category/mps-of-9th-parliament/1220-constituency-317?csrt=2044781506234693365 |archive-date=28 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |date=2021-05-19 |title=Ex MP Farida Rahman passes away |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2021/05/19/ex-mp-farida-rahman-passes-away |access-date=2021-05-20 |work=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Hossain |first=Mosharrof |title=PM mourns death of Mohila AL VP Farida Rahman |work=Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS) |url=http://www.bssnews.net/?p=580616 |access-date=2021-05-20 |language=en-US |archive-date=20 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520051950/http://www.bssnews.net/?p=580616 |url-status=dead }}</ref> alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 17 kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi 2013.<ref>{{cite news |title=45 woman MPs elected |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-80498 |access-date=2 April 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=20 March 2009 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945|2021|Rahman, Farida}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] jelwx7clb0cpgg4g0ye8dl7b3ce99yu 0 237352 1547828 2026-05-21T18:30:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tomáš Možný''' (amezaliwa 26 Aprili 1991) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing kutoka [[Slovakia]] anayeshindana katika uzito wa heavyweight ndani ya GLORY. == Taaluma ya kickboxing == === Mwanzo wa taaluma === Mnamo 20 Februari 2016, Možný alishiriki mashindano ya watu wanne ya uzito wa heavyweight yaliyokuwa yakigombania taji lililo wazi la WKN K-1 European Super Heavyweight katika tamasha la Nitra Night of Fighters. Katika nusu fainali alimshinda Colin...' 1547828 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tomáš Možný''' (amezaliwa 26 Aprili 1991) ni mpiganaji wa kickboxing kutoka [[Slovakia]] anayeshindana katika uzito wa heavyweight ndani ya GLORY. == Taaluma ya kickboxing == === Mwanzo wa taaluma === Mnamo 20 Februari 2016, Možný alishiriki mashindano ya watu wanne ya uzito wa heavyweight yaliyokuwa yakigombania taji lililo wazi la WKN K-1 European Super Heavyweight katika tamasha la Nitra Night of Fighters. Katika nusu fainali alimshinda Colin George kwa uamuzi wa majaji. Katika pambano la fainali alirudiana na Martin Pacas na kushinda kwa uamuzi wa pamoja wa majaji.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fotta |first1=Patrik |title=Titul majstra Európy v K1 ostáva v Košiciach |url=[https://kosice.korzar.sme.sk/c/8144344/titul-majstra-europy-v-k1-ostava-v-kosiciach.html](https://kosice.korzar.sme.sk/c/8144344/titul-majstra-europy-v-k1-ostava-v-kosiciach.html) |website=kosice.korzar.sme.sk |access-date=9 May 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Slovakia]] 0rtisywlcs9qffs2bgggf1qxccje3d4 1548263 1547828 2026-05-22T11:25:36Z Justine Msechu 45962 1548263 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tomáš Možný''' (amezaliwa [[26 Aprili]] [[1991]]) ni [[Mchezo wa ngumi|mpiganaji wa kickboxing]] kutoka [[Slovakia]] anayeshindana katika uzito wa heavyweight ndani ya GLORY. == Taaluma ya kickboxing == === Mwanzo wa taaluma === Mnamo 20 Februari 2016, Možný alishiriki mashindano ya watu wanne ya uzito wa heavyweight yaliyokuwa yakigombania taji lililo wazi la WKN K-1 European Super Heavyweight katika tamasha la Nitra Night of Fighters. Katika nusu fainali alimshinda Colin George kwa uamuzi wa majaji. Katika pambano la fainali alirudiana na Martin Pacas na kushinda kwa uamuzi wa pamoja wa majaji.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fotta |first1=Patrik |title=Titul majstra Európy v K1 ostáva v Košiciach |url=[https://kosice.korzar.sme.sk/c/8144344/titul-majstra-europy-v-k1-ostava-v-kosiciach.html](https://kosice.korzar.sme.sk/c/8144344/titul-majstra-europy-v-k1-ostava-v-kosiciach.html) |website=kosice.korzar.sme.sk |access-date=9 May 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1991|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Slovakia]] 15mo778p2a4u1qswztrpi2vz8wkzewf 0 237353 1547830 2026-05-21T18:37:03Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ari Benjamin Meyers''' (alizaliwa [[1972]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aribenjaminmeyers.com/|title=Official Website}}</ref>) ni [[msanii]] na mtunzi nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.estherschipper.com/artists/46-ari-benjamin-meyers/biography/|title=Esther Schipper}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]' 1547830 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ari Benjamin Meyers''' (alizaliwa [[1972]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aribenjaminmeyers.com/|title=Official Website}}</ref>) ni [[msanii]] na mtunzi nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.estherschipper.com/artists/46-ari-benjamin-meyers/biography/|title=Esther Schipper}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1972]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] lmy801jgebfbfmb15m9iwy7qhxerql8 0 237354 1547833 2026-05-21T18:43:34Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Zack Mwekassa''' (amezaliwa 20 Januari 1984) ni bondia na mpiganaji wa kickboxing mwenye asili ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] na [[Ufaransa]] anayepigana katika mashindano ya GLORY.<ref name="mwekassa">{{cite web|url=[http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2014/5/2/5675474/mwekassa-i-come-from-a-land-of-war|title=Zack](http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2014/5/2/5675474/mwekassa-i-come-from-a-land-of-war|title=Zack) Mwekassa: 'I come from a land of war'|publisher=...' 1547833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zack Mwekassa''' (amezaliwa 20 Januari 1984) ni bondia na mpiganaji wa kickboxing mwenye asili ya [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] na [[Ufaransa]] anayepigana katika mashindano ya GLORY.<ref name="mwekassa">{{cite web|url=[http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2014/5/2/5675474/mwekassa-i-come-from-a-land-of-war|title=Zack](http://www.bloodyelbow.com/2014/5/2/5675474/mwekassa-i-come-from-a-land-of-war|title=Zack) Mwekassa: 'I come from a land of war'|publisher=bloodyelbow.com |author=John Joe O'Regan|date=2014-05-02|access-date=2014-05-04}}</ref> Ni bingwa wa zamani wa muda wa GLORY Light Heavyweight Championship. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1984|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] mtnkr4a36wmugqaf8khndb61m7yyd1k 0 237355 1547836 2026-05-21T18:45:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John Menick''' (alizaliwa [[1976]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Marekani]]).Alifanya kazi katika uchukuaji video, uandishi wa hadithi za kubuni, na uandishi wa insha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cooper.edu/about/news/school-art-faculty-and-alumni-documenta-13|title=School of Art Faculty and Alumni in dOCUMENTA '13 {{!}} The Cooper Union|website=cooper.edu|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} Jamii:Waandi...' 1547836 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Menick''' (alizaliwa [[1976]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Marekani]]).Alifanya kazi katika uchukuaji video, uandishi wa hadithi za kubuni, na uandishi wa insha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cooper.edu/about/news/school-art-faculty-and-alumni-documenta-13|title=School of Art Faculty and Alumni in dOCUMENTA '13 {{!}} The Cooper Union|website=cooper.edu|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 98e46bxpg275rbelpwztvoffc6fvl94 1547859 1547836 2026-05-21T19:36:01Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1547859 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John Menick''' (alizaliwa [[1976]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Marekani]]).Alifanya kazi katika uchukuaji video, uandishi wa hadithi za kubuni, na uandishi wa insha.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=https://cooper.edu/about/news/school-art-faculty-and-alumni-documenta-13|title=School of Art Faculty and Alumni in dOCUMENTA '13 {{!}} The Cooper Union|website=cooper.edu|access-date=2019-08-10}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1976]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] b7mr83wcvhnhbgq5dq10yohnq7jdsea 0 237356 1547840 2026-05-21T18:49:40Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Siala-Mou Siliga''' (jina la ukoo hutamkwa kama , amezaliwa Oktoba 8, 1970), anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina la '''Mighty Mo''', ni Siala-Mou Siliga mpiganaji wa zamani wa [[American Samoa]] aliyeshiriki katika kickboxing, ndondi za mikono mitupu (bare-knuckle boxing), [[Boxing|ndondi]], na sanaa mchanganyiko za mapigano (MMA)]].<ref>[[http://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Siala-Mou-Siliga-9068](http://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Siala-Mou-Siliga-9068) Siala-Mou "Mig...' 1547840 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Siala-Mou Siliga''' (jina la ukoo hutamkwa kama , amezaliwa Oktoba 8, 1970), anayejulikana zaidi kwa jina la '''Mighty Mo''', ni Siala-Mou Siliga mpiganaji wa zamani wa [[American Samoa]] aliyeshiriki katika kickboxing, ndondi za mikono mitupu (bare-knuckle boxing), [[Boxing|ndondi]], na sanaa mchanganyiko za mapigano (MMA)]].<ref>[[http://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Siala-Mou-Siliga-9068](http://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Siala-Mou-Siliga-9068) Siala-Mou "Mighty Mo" Siliga], Sherdog</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Jessica Hudnall |url=[http://uproxx.com/sports/move-samoa-joe-mighty-mo-new-samoan-submission-machine/|title=Move](http://uproxx.com/sports/move-samoa-joe-mighty-mo-new-samoan-submission-machine/|title=Move) Over Samoa Joe, Mighty Mo is the New Samoan Submission Machine |website=uproxx.com |date=March 11, 2014 |access-date=April 15, 2017}}</ref> Alishindana katika uzani wa juu (Heavyweight).<ref>{{cite web| url=[http://www.k-1usa.net/docs/fighters/fightfinder.asp?fighterid=1217|](http://www.k-1usa.net/docs/fighters/fightfinder.asp?fighterid=1217|) title=Fightfinder| access-date=April 12, 2007| publisher=K-1 USA| archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070423053616/http://www.k-1usa.net/docs/fighters/fightfinder.asp?fighterid=1217|](https://web.archive.org/web/20070423053616/http://www.k-1usa.net/docs/fighters/fightfinder.asp?fighterid=1217|) archive-date=April 23, 2007| url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8if4sohmk3k0gxuj3hmc3xm8py0t7zt 0 237357 1547841 2026-05-21T18:50:45Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Seth William Meisterman''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 7]], [[1975]]) ni [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]], alijulikana zaidi kwa kazi yake kama mkurugenzi wa sanaa au mtayarishaji wa filamu ya mfululizo ya Jackass.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/15/movies/15jackass.html|title=Maximum Gross Outs in Sleazy, Queasy Stunts (Published 2010)|first=Manohla|last=Dargis|date=October 14, 2010|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbeg...' 1547841 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seth William Meisterman''' (alizaliwa [[Desemba 7]], [[1975]]) ni [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]], alijulikana zaidi kwa kazi yake kama mkurugenzi wa sanaa au mtayarishaji wa filamu ya mfululizo ya Jackass.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/15/movies/15jackass.html|title=Maximum Gross Outs in Sleazy, Queasy Stunts (Published 2010)|first=Manohla|last=Dargis|date=October 14, 2010|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 6zudg3im9mogny2p5579tpcqerbf9s0 0 237358 1547846 2026-05-21T18:56:56Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joseph Meert''' ([[1905]] – [[1989]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]] aliyeunda michoro ya ukutani mitatu ya ofisi ya posta ya [[New Deal]].<ref name="Smithsonian American Art Museum">{{cite web |title=Joseph Meert |url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/joseph-meert-3262 |website=Smithsonian American Art Museum |access-date=5 July 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1905]]...' 1547846 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joseph Meert''' ([[1905]] – [[1989]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]] aliyeunda michoro ya ukutani mitatu ya ofisi ya posta ya [[New Deal]].<ref name="Smithsonian American Art Museum">{{cite web |title=Joseph Meert |url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/joseph-meert-3262 |website=Smithsonian American Art Museum |access-date=5 July 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1905]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1989]] rjw7oyesmignvhf6m214m16f6kl5cmk 0 237359 1547852 2026-05-21T19:15:16Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547852 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Philippe Grégoire Yacé''' (23 Januari 1920 – 29 Novemba 1998) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Côte d’Ivoire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ultime mise en scène de l'ancien régime ivoirien|url=https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/1999/05/AUGE/2950|work=Le Monde diplomatique|date=1999-05-01|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr|author=Marc Augé}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Rais wa Bunge la Taifa (National Assembly) la Côte d’Ivoire. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1920]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1998]] 3wom3xbry7wdeoysmdbw21kwopqwbo8 0 237360 1547853 2026-05-21T19:16:40Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Austin Merrill Mecklem''' ([[1890]] – [[1951]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://woodstockschoolofart.org/seldom-seen/austin-mecklem-garrison-road-shady-watercolor-12-x-13/ |website=woodstockschoolofart.org |title=Austin Mecklem, Garrison Road, Shady, watercolor, 12 x 13 |publisher=Woodstock School of Art }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hvvacc.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/waam/id/544 |website=hvvacc.org |titl...' 1547853 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Austin Merrill Mecklem''' ([[1890]] – [[1951]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://woodstockschoolofart.org/seldom-seen/austin-mecklem-garrison-road-shady-watercolor-12-x-13/ |website=woodstockschoolofart.org |title=Austin Mecklem, Garrison Road, Shady, watercolor, 12 x 13 |publisher=Woodstock School of Art }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hvvacc.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/waam/id/544 |website=hvvacc.org |title= Austin Mecklem (at Kuniyoshi's home on Ohayo Mountain Road) |publisher=Hudson Valley Visual Art Collections Consortium }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/austin-mecklem-3257 |website=americanart.si.edu |title=Austin Mecklem |publisher=[[Smithsonian American Art Museum]] }}</ref>. Alichora michoro ya ukutani kwa ''Works Progress Administration'' wakati wa [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa Kiuchumi kabla ya kutulia katika koloni huko Woodstock, [[New York]]. Mojawapo ya kazi zake ni ''Old Town in Alaska'', iko katika ofisi ya posta ya Wrangell, [[Alaska]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1890]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1951]] nnfbgts6ya8ltb8uc2amy3jz946d72x 1548149 1547853 2026-05-22T09:17:59Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548149 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Austin Merrill Mecklem''' ([[1890]] – [[1951]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://woodstockschoolofart.org/seldom-seen/austin-mecklem-garrison-road-shady-watercolor-12-x-13/ |website=woodstockschoolofart.org |title=Austin Mecklem, Garrison Road, Shady, watercolor, 12 x 13 |publisher=Woodstock School of Art |accessdate=2026-05-21 |archive-date=2020-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107165317/https://woodstockschoolofart.org/seldom-seen/austin-mecklem-garrison-road-shady-watercolor-12-x-13/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hvvacc.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/waam/id/544 |website=hvvacc.org |title=Austin Mecklem (at Kuniyoshi's home on Ohayo Mountain Road) |publisher=Hudson Valley Visual Art Collections Consortium |accessdate=2026-05-21 |archive-date=2018-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107185403/http://www.hvvacc.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/waam/id/544 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/austin-mecklem-3257 |website=americanart.si.edu |title=Austin Mecklem |publisher=[[Smithsonian American Art Museum]] }}</ref>. Alichora michoro ya ukutani kwa ''Works Progress Administration'' wakati wa [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa Kiuchumi kabla ya kutulia katika koloni huko Woodstock, [[New York]]. Mojawapo ya kazi zake ni ''Old Town in Alaska'', iko katika ofisi ya posta ya Wrangell, [[Alaska]]. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1890]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1951]] kkpxwckrvcej4a0lygu47clds23j5qv 0 237361 1547855 2026-05-21T19:24:51Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547855 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Zadi Zaourou''' (1938 – 20 Machi 2012), anayejulikana pia kama Bottey Zadi Zaourou, alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]], mwalimu na mwandishi kutoka [[Cote D'Ivoire|Côte d’Ivoire.]] Mwaka 1993 alihudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni katika serikali ya Daniel Kablan Duncan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=100pour100culture.com - la culture fait la fête|url=http://www.100pour100culture.com/archives/40/zaourou2/index.htm|work=www.100pour100culture.com|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] 9kxcu5aiwov2cp49qa2f3vowvy1bs3b 1548265 1547855 2026-05-22T11:25:42Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548265 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Zadi Zaourou''' (1938 – 20 Machi 2012), anayejulikana pia kama Bottey Zadi Zaourou, alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]], mwalimu na mwandishi kutoka [[Cote D'Ivoire|Côte d’Ivoire.]] Mwaka 1993 alihudumu kama Waziri wa Utamaduni katika serikali ya Daniel Kablan Duncan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=100pour100culture.com - la culture fait la fête|url=http://www.100pour100culture.com/archives/40/zaourou2/index.htm|work=www.100pour100culture.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|archive-date=2012-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323020027/http://www.100pour100culture.com/archives/40/zaourou2/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Cote d'Ivoire]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1938]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2012]] calntkchk750mk3wc2a6gj779wlsc0a 0 237362 1547862 2026-05-21T19:47:55Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547862 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean Andeka''' alizaliwa Gombe na ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Barreau de Kinshasa Gombe|url=https://www.barreaudelagombe.cd/index.php/annuaire-des-avocats-3?pid=44&sid=593:ANDEKA-DJAMBA-Jean|work=www.barreaudelagombe.cd|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Aliwania urais katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2011, akiwa mgombea wa kwanza kuwasilisha rasmi uteuzi wake. Pia ni wakili anayefanya kazi Gombe, na alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kinshasa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dtdtpslnmwfkj4u6r6514apdeqea1h3 1548283 1547862 2026-05-22T11:46:33Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548283 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean Andeka''' alizaliwa Gombe na ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Barreau de Kinshasa Gombe|url=https://www.barreaudelagombe.cd/index.php/annuaire-des-avocats-3?pid=44&sid=593:ANDEKA-DJAMBA-Jean|work=www.barreaudelagombe.cd|accessdate=2026-05-21}}</ref> Aliwania urais katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2011, akiwa mgombea wa kwanza kuwasilisha rasmi uteuzi wake. Pia ni wakili anayefanya kazi Gombe, na alisoma katika Chuo Kikuu cha Kinshasa. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8myyuxop1psahsn5rpkz2kyej9f9lvu 0 237363 1547864 2026-05-21T19:52:15Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547864 wikitext text/x-wiki '''André Mandi''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Kongo]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu wa Kwanza wa Nchi katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Zaire (sasa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo) katika serikali ya Patrice Lumumba, iliyodumu kuanzia 24 Juni hadi 12 Septemba 1960. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha PUNA.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110664|title=Congo Background Of Conflict|last=Merriam|first=p alan|date=1961}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Karne ya 20]] oyz31hti7jzzofoy3i023nugjbs7bjd 0 237364 1547865 2026-05-21T20:00:14Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547865 wikitext text/x-wiki '''André Ngenge''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Kongo]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa mmoja wa Mawaziri wa Kwanza wa Nchi katika serikali ya Zaire (sasa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo) chini ya utawala wa Patrice Lumumba, uliodumu kuanzia 24 Juni hadi 12 Septemba 1960.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110664|title=Congo Background Of Conflict|last=Merriam|first=p alan|date=1961}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Karne ya 20]] qfdmow69nev9v491i7fe43r7b1mzmze 0 237365 1547869 2026-05-21T20:08:55Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547869 wikitext text/x-wiki '''André Tshibangu''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Kongo]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu wa Kwanza wa Nchi wa Wizara ya Fedha katika serikali ya Patrice Lumumba, iliyodumu kuanzia 24 Juni hadi 12 Septemba 1960.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110664|title=Congo Background Of Conflict|last=Merriam|first=p alan|date=1961}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] qghn3zw9q7jconczi7gacj0fct6q3b7 0 237366 1547870 2026-05-21T20:19:29Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547870 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antoine Kiwewa''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Kongo]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu wa Kwanza wa Nchi wa Biashara ya Nje katika serikali ya Patrice Lumumba, iliyodumu kuanzia 24 Juni hadi 12 Septemba 1960. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha MNC-L.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110664|title=Congo Background Of Conflict|last=Merriam|first=p alan|date=1961}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] m0j7h0bu25ttww7mo2lfgyqwsnah11l 0 237367 1547873 2026-05-21T20:24:43Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547873 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Asselo Okito Wankoy''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama, Ugatuaji (Decentralization), na Masuala ya Kimila katika baraza la mawaziri la kwanza la Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde kuanzia Aprili 2021 hadi Machi 2023. Alizaliwa Lodja katika mkoa wa Sankuru.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC : publication du gouvernement Sama Lukonde|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/04/12/actualite/politique/rdc-publication-du-gouvernement-sama-lukonde|work=Radio Okapi|date=2021-04-12|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ewyb1vw1m6lvunzpevock6bas6t0jsa 1548201 1547873 2026-05-22T10:40:37Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548201 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Daniel Asselo Okito Wankoy''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama, Ugatuaji (Decentralization), na Masuala ya Kimila katika baraza la mawaziri la kwanza la Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde kuanzia Aprili 2021 hadi Machi 2023. Alizaliwa Lodja katika mkoa wa Sankuru.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RDC : publication du gouvernement Sama Lukonde|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/04/12/actualite/politique/rdc-publication-du-gouvernement-sama-lukonde|work=Radio Okapi|date=2021-04-12|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] i8hukksrad16754zeks3u2r5wzcee2f 0 237368 1547881 2026-05-21T20:41:48Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547881 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Atasia Andu Bola''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo (mto)|Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=DR Congo gets new cabinet after seven months - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/dr-congo-gets-new-cabinet-after-seven-months/|work=www.myjoyonline.com|date=2019-08-26|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=en-US}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Uchumi wa Taifa wa DRC katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia alikuwa mbunge na ni mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] qik7wbfd9e0dl0kiza8jrjco1a29ey2 0 237369 1547884 2026-05-21T20:45:06Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547884 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Symphorien Mutombo Bakafwa Nsenda''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwezi Oktoba 2008 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri Mkuu wa Usalama na Ulinzi katika serikali ya kwanza ya Adolphe Muzito.<ref>{{Cite web|title=allAfrica.com: Congo-Kinshasa: Le cabinet de Mutombo Bakafwa Nsenda se délocalise !|url=http://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201001220077.html|work=fr.allafrica.com|accessdate=2026-05-21|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] joclsbcsi2q9u2xcg2g6z4btw9vu8y8 0 237370 1547885 2026-05-21T20:51:25Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1547885 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Solomon Banamuhere Baliene''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mnamo 5 Februari 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Nishati katika serikali ya Antoine Gizenga.<ref>{{Citation|last=Bavier|first=Joe|title=Old ministers in new cabinet {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/old-ministers-in-new-cabinet-20081027|work=News24|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-21}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] ew9amx132w5xfr1o4p7e3apbwg0kmbk 3 237371 1547891 2026-05-21T21:37:25Z Husseyn Issa 44885 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Karibu}} ~~~~' 1547891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Karibu}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|Husseyn Issa]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Husseyn Issa|majadiliano]])''' 21:37, 21 Mei 2026 (UTC) 0woftz718d775wvib387wcp2r5f41ds 0 237372 1547899 2026-05-21T22:07:56Z Husseyn Issa 44885 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web....' 1547899 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920065904/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> alizaliwa julai 9 2003 <ref name="PremProfile"/> huko Castlederg, kaunti ya Tyrone,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/features/liverpool-conor-bradley-jurgen-klopp-21638091 |title=Jürgen Klopp pleased with Conor Bradley as youngster ends 66-year Liverpool wait |first=Emmet |last=Gates |website=Liverpool.com |publisher=Reach |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> alipolelewa na kukua.<ref name="Belfast Telegraph"/> Aliichezea timu yake ya nyumbani ya Gaelic,Aghyaran St Davog, na kipaji chake kuonekana toka alipokuwa mdogo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68063610|website=BBC News |title=Liverpool FC's Conor Bradley 'did things no other child could'|author=Wilson, David|date=23 January 2024|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya ''Christian Brothers Grammar School'' huko Omagh, na kusimamiwa haraka ilikumaliza kozi yake ya mtaala wa GCSE.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Niall |date=24 January 2024 |title=The makings of a star |url=https://wearetyrone.com/news/the-makings-of-a-star/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=We Are Tyrone |language=en-GB}}</ref> Baba yake Joe Bradley, alifariki nyumbani huko Killen, kaunti Tyrone, Februari 2024, baada ya kipindi kirefu cha kuugua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/liverpool-fc-mourns-passing-conor-bradleys-father|title=Liverpool FC mourns passing of Conor Bradley's father|date=3 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}<br>- {{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/funeral-for-father-of-liverpool-fc-and-ni-star-conor-bradley-takes-place-in-co-tyrone/a422218771.html|title=Funeral for father of Liverpool FC and NI star Conor Bradley takes place in Co Tyrone|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=7 February 2024|access-date=10 February 2024|author=Hewitt, Ralph}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliohai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ireland Kaskazini]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Liverpool F.C] n25xo3pz3j28uatbcgs2oh4fwvoch60 1547900 1547899 2026-05-21T22:10:14Z Husseyn Issa 44885 1547900 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920065904/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> alizaliwa julai 9 2003 <ref name="PremProfile"/> huko Castlederg, kaunti ya Tyrone,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/features/liverpool-conor-bradley-jurgen-klopp-21638091 |title=Jürgen Klopp pleased with Conor Bradley as youngster ends 66-year Liverpool wait |first=Emmet |last=Gates |website=Liverpool.com |publisher=Reach |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> alipolelewa na kukua.<ref name="Belfast Telegraph"/> Aliichezea timu yake ya nyumbani ya Gaelic,Aghyaran St Davog, na kipaji chake kuonekana toka alipokuwa mdogo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68063610|website=BBC News |title=Liverpool FC's Conor Bradley 'did things no other child could'|author=Wilson, David|date=23 January 2024|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya ''Christian Brothers Grammar School'' huko Omagh, na kusimamiwa haraka ilikumaliza kozi yake ya mtaala wa GCSE.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Niall |date=24 January 2024 |title=The makings of a star |url=https://wearetyrone.com/news/the-makings-of-a-star/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=We Are Tyrone |language=en-GB}}</ref> Baba yake Joe Bradley, alifariki nyumbani huko Killen, kaunti Tyrone, [[Februari]] [[2024]], baada ya kipindi kirefu cha kuugua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/liverpool-fc-mourns-passing-conor-bradleys-father|title=Liverpool FC mourns passing of Conor Bradley's father|date=3 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}<br>- {{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/funeral-for-father-of-liverpool-fc-and-ni-star-conor-bradley-takes-place-in-co-tyrone/a422218771.html|title=Funeral for father of Liverpool FC and NI star Conor Bradley takes place in Co Tyrone|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=7 February 2024|access-date=10 February 2024|author=Hewitt, Ralph}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliohai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ireland Kaskazini]] <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Liverpool F.C]]</nowiki> 83vbwav944m8ztvh8ez3pvxnomvjc9x 1547901 1547900 2026-05-21T22:11:09Z Husseyn Issa 44885 1547901 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920065904/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> alizaliwa julai 9 2003 huko Castlederg, kaunti ya Tyrone,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/features/liverpool-conor-bradley-jurgen-klopp-21638091 |title=Jürgen Klopp pleased with Conor Bradley as youngster ends 66-year Liverpool wait |first=Emmet |last=Gates |website=Liverpool.com |publisher=Reach |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> alipolelewa na kukua. Aliichezea timu yake ya nyumbani ya Gaelic,Aghyaran St Davog, na kipaji chake kuonekana toka alipokuwa mdogo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68063610|website=BBC News |title=Liverpool FC's Conor Bradley 'did things no other child could'|author=Wilson, David|date=23 January 2024|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya ''Christian Brothers Grammar School'' huko Omagh, na kusimamiwa haraka ilikumaliza kozi yake ya mtaala wa GCSE.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Niall |date=24 January 2024 |title=The makings of a star |url=https://wearetyrone.com/news/the-makings-of-a-star/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=We Are Tyrone |language=en-GB}}</ref> Baba yake Joe Bradley, alifariki nyumbani huko Killen, kaunti Tyrone, [[Februari]] [[2024]], baada ya kipindi kirefu cha kuugua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/liverpool-fc-mourns-passing-conor-bradleys-father|title=Liverpool FC mourns passing of Conor Bradley's father|date=3 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}<br>- {{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/funeral-for-father-of-liverpool-fc-and-ni-star-conor-bradley-takes-place-in-co-tyrone/a422218771.html|title=Funeral for father of Liverpool FC and NI star Conor Bradley takes place in Co Tyrone|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=7 February 2024|access-date=10 February 2024|author=Hewitt, Ralph}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliohai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ireland Kaskazini]] <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Liverpool F.C]]</nowiki> qghwt44ts4ax9lsa7s9h83tlb9t7cz3 1547904 1547901 2026-05-21T22:23:16Z Husseyn Issa 44885 1547904 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920065904/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> alizaliwa julai 9 2003 huko Castlederg, kaunti ya Tyrone,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/features/liverpool-conor-bradley-jurgen-klopp-21638091 |title=Jürgen Klopp pleased with Conor Bradley as youngster ends 66-year Liverpool wait |first=Emmet |last=Gates |website=Liverpool.com |publisher=Reach |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> alipolelewa na kukua. Aliichezea timu yake ya nyumbani ya Gaelic,Aghyaran St Davog, na kipaji chake kuonekana toka alipokuwa mdogo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68063610|website=BBC News |title=Liverpool FC's Conor Bradley 'did things no other child could'|author=Wilson, David|date=23 January 2024|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya ''Christian Brothers Grammar School'' huko Omagh, na kusimamiwa haraka ilikumaliza kozi yake ya mtaala wa GCSE.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Niall |date=24 January 2024 |title=The makings of a star |url=https://wearetyrone.com/news/the-makings-of-a-star/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=We Are Tyrone |language=en-GB}}</ref> Baba yake Joe Bradley, alifariki nyumbani huko Killen, kaunti Tyrone, [[Februari]] [[2024]], baada ya kipindi kirefu cha kuugua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/liverpool-fc-mourns-passing-conor-bradleys-father|title=Liverpool FC mourns passing of Conor Bradley's father|date=3 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}<br>- {{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/funeral-for-father-of-liverpool-fc-and-ni-star-conor-bradley-takes-place-in-co-tyrone/a422218771.html|title=Funeral for father of Liverpool FC and NI star Conor Bradley takes place in Co Tyrone|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=7 February 2024|access-date=10 February 2024|author=Hewitt, Ralph}}</ref> == Vilabu alivyopitia == === Liverpool === ==== Hapo mwanzoni ==== Bradley alianza maisha yake ya ujana akiwa na klabu ya nyumbani ya St Patrick akiwa na umri wa miaka tisa na pia alianza mazoezi katika kituo cha maendeleo cha klabu ya Liverpool ya [[Uingereza]] huko Ireland Kaskazini akiwa na umri huo huo.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/a-managers-dream-how-conor-bradley-earned-professional-liverpool-contract-after-joining-academy-aged-nine/39253819.html | title='A manager's dream': How Conor Bradley earned professional Liverpool contract after joining Academy aged nine | newspaper=Belfast Telegraph | date=2 June 2020 }}</ref><ref name="Belfast Telegraph">{{cite web |last=Hanna |first=Gareth |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/who-is-conor-bradley-all-you-need-to-know-about-liverpool-star-named-in-the-northern-ireland-squad-39407660.html |title=Who is Conor Bradley? All you need to know about Liverpool star named in the Northern Ireland squad |newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]] |date=26 May 2021 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Aliendelea kuchezea timu za Dungannon United Youth na Dungannon Swifts, kabla ya kuhamia [[England]] kujiunga na akademia ya vijana ya Liverpool mnamo mwaka [[2019]] kwa mkataba wa masomo wa miaka miwili. Hata hivyo, baada ya kukaa klabuni hapo kwa mwaka mmoja, alisaini mkataba wake wa kwanza na Liverpool, uliokuwa na muda wa miaka mitatu mpaka kufikia mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |title=Youngster signs professional contract |publisher=[[Dungannon Swifts F.C.]] |date=1 June 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021 |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115074537/http://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |url-status=dead }}<br>- {{cite web |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/academy/403715-conor-bradley-signs-first-contract-liverpool-fc |title=Conor Bradley signs first pro contract with Liverpool FC |publisher=[[Liverpool F.C.]] |date=28 July 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Bradley alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika kikosi cha kwanza cha Liverpool mnamo [[Septemba]] [[2021]] kwenye mchezo wa EFL Cup dhidi ya Norwich City. Kwa kufanya hivyo, akawa mchezaji wa kwanza kutoka Ireland ya Kaskazini kuchezea Liverpool katika mechi ya ushindani tangu wakati wa Sammy Smyth mnamo mwaka [[1954]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Conor Bradley starts on Liverpool debut against Norwich in Carabao Cup as Northern Ireland's long wait is ended by Jurgen Klopp|newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/conor-bradley-starts-on-liverpool-debut-against-norwich-in-carabao-cup-as-northern-irelands-long-wait-is-ended-by-jurgen-klopp-40874267.html|access-date=21 September 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliohai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ireland Kaskazini]] <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Liverpool F.C]]</nowiki> 84carthd8dheacuuiyhyshmaec5ytbv 1547906 1547904 2026-05-21T22:42:15Z Husseyn Issa 44885 1547906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Conor Bradley''' (alizaliwa [[9 Julai]] [[2003]]) ni [[mchezaji]] wa kulipwa kutoka Ireland Kaskazini ambaye anacheza kama beki wa kulia wa klabu ya [[mpira wa miguu]] ya [[Liverpool F.C.]] na timu ya taifa ya [[Ireland Kaskazini]]. == Maisha yake binafsi na ya awali == Conor Bradley<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2023 |title=2023/24 Premier League squad lists |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920065904/https://www.premierleague.com/news/3681595 |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023 |publisher=Premier League}}</ref> alizaliwa julai 9 2003 huko Castlederg, kaunti ya Tyrone,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpool.com/liverpool-fc-news/features/liverpool-conor-bradley-jurgen-klopp-21638091 |title=Jürgen Klopp pleased with Conor Bradley as youngster ends 66-year Liverpool wait |first=Emmet |last=Gates |website=Liverpool.com |publisher=Reach |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024}}</ref> alipolelewa na kukua. Aliichezea timu yake ya nyumbani ya Gaelic,Aghyaran St Davog, na kipaji chake kuonekana toka alipokuwa mdogo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-68063610|website=BBC News |title=Liverpool FC's Conor Bradley 'did things no other child could'|author=Wilson, David|date=23 January 2024|access-date=10 February 2024}}</ref> Alisoma shule ya ''Christian Brothers Grammar School'' huko Omagh, na kusimamiwa haraka ilikumaliza kozi yake ya mtaala wa GCSE.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Niall |date=24 January 2024 |title=The makings of a star |url=https://wearetyrone.com/news/the-makings-of-a-star/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=We Are Tyrone |language=en-GB}}</ref> Baba yake Joe Bradley, alifariki nyumbani huko Killen, kaunti Tyrone, [[Februari]] [[2024]], baada ya kipindi kirefu cha kuugua.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/liverpool-fc-mourns-passing-conor-bradleys-father|title=Liverpool FC mourns passing of Conor Bradley's father|date=3 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|publisher=Liverpool F.C.}}<br>- {{Cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/funeral-for-father-of-liverpool-fc-and-ni-star-conor-bradley-takes-place-in-co-tyrone/a422218771.html|title=Funeral for father of Liverpool FC and NI star Conor Bradley takes place in Co Tyrone|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|date=7 February 2024|access-date=10 February 2024|author=Hewitt, Ralph}}</ref> == Vilabu alivyopitia == === Liverpool === ==== Hapo mwanzoni ==== Bradley alianza maisha yake ya ujana akiwa na klabu ya nyumbani ya St Patrick akiwa na umri wa miaka tisa na pia alianza mazoezi katika kituo cha maendeleo cha klabu ya Liverpool ya [[Uingereza]] huko Ireland Kaskazini akiwa na umri huo huo.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/a-managers-dream-how-conor-bradley-earned-professional-liverpool-contract-after-joining-academy-aged-nine/39253819.html | title='A manager's dream': How Conor Bradley earned professional Liverpool contract after joining Academy aged nine | newspaper=Belfast Telegraph | date=2 June 2020 }}</ref><ref name="Belfast Telegraph">{{cite web |last=Hanna |first=Gareth |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/who-is-conor-bradley-all-you-need-to-know-about-liverpool-star-named-in-the-northern-ireland-squad-39407660.html |title=Who is Conor Bradley? All you need to know about Liverpool star named in the Northern Ireland squad |newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]] |date=26 May 2021 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Aliendelea kuchezea timu za Dungannon United Youth na Dungannon Swifts, kabla ya kuhamia [[England]] kujiunga na akademia ya vijana ya Liverpool mnamo mwaka [[2019]] kwa mkataba wa masomo wa miaka miwili. Hata hivyo, baada ya kukaa klabuni hapo kwa mwaka mmoja, alisaini mkataba wake wa kwanza na Liverpool, uliokuwa na muda wa miaka mitatu mpaka kufikia mwaka 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |title=Youngster signs professional contract |publisher=[[Dungannon Swifts F.C.]] |date=1 June 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021 |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115074537/http://www.dungannonswiftsfc.com/2020/06/01/contract-news-youngster-signs-professional-contract/ |url-status=dead }}<br>- {{cite web |url=https://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/academy/403715-conor-bradley-signs-first-contract-liverpool-fc |title=Conor Bradley signs first pro contract with Liverpool FC |publisher=[[Liverpool F.C.]] |date=28 July 2020 |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> Bradley alicheza mechi yake ya kwanza katika kikosi cha kwanza cha Liverpool mnamo [[Septemba]] [[2021]] kwenye mchezo wa EFL Cup dhidi ya Norwich City. Kwa kufanya hivyo, akawa mchezaji wa kwanza kutoka Ireland ya Kaskazini kuchezea Liverpool katika mechi ya ushindani tangu wakati wa Sammy Smyth mnamo mwaka [[1954]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Conor Bradley starts on Liverpool debut against Norwich in Carabao Cup as Northern Ireland's long wait is ended by Jurgen Klopp|newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/liverpool/conor-bradley-starts-on-liverpool-debut-against-norwich-in-carabao-cup-as-northern-irelands-long-wait-is-ended-by-jurgen-klopp-40874267.html|access-date=21 September 2021}}</ref> ==== Mkopo kwenda Bolton Wanderers ==== Mnamo Juni 21 2022, Bradley alitia saini na timu ya daraja la kwanza ya Bolton Wanderers kwa mkopo wa msimu mzima.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Wanderers Complete Conor Coup |publisher=Bolton Wanderers F.C.|url=https://www.bwfc.co.uk/news/2022/june/wanderers-complete-conor-coup/|access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref> Aliichezea timu hio kwa mara ya kwanza Julai 30 katika mechi iliyoisha kwa sare ya 1-1 wakiwa ugenini dhidi ya klabu ya Ipswich Town F.C.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}} Alifunga goli lake la kwanza wakicheza dhidi ya timu ya Salford City F.C katika kombe la EFL waliposhida magoli 5-1 Agosti 9.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/62387996|title=Bolton Wanderers 5–1 Salford City|publisher=BBC Sport|date=9 August 2022|access-date=10 August 2022}}</ref> Wiki moja baadae kuandika bao lake la kwanza la ligi, likiwa ndo goli pekee katika mechi hio dhidi ya Morecambe F.C waliposhinda 1-0.<ref>{{cite news |last1=McKendry |first1=Adam |title=Conor Bradley sends fans wild as he continues outstanding start to the season with another goal for loan side Bolton |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sport/football/conor-bradley-sends-fans-wild-as-he-continues-outstanding-start-to-the-season-with-another-goal-for-loan-side-bolton-41916787.html |newspaper=Belfast Telegraph |date=16 August 2022 |access-date=16 August 2022}}</ref> Aprili 2 2023 Bradley alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza katika fainali ya EFL ambapo timu ya Boston ilipata ushindi wa 4-0 dhidi ya Plymouth Argyle F.C.<ref name="2023EFLTrophyFinal">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65088981 |title=Bolton Wanderers 4–0 Plymouth Argyle |first=Brent |last=Pilnick |publisher=BBC Sport |date=2 April 2023 |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref> Aprili 29, alianza katika kikosi cha kwanza ambacho kilishinda ushindi wa 2-0 dhidi ya Fleetwood Town F.C, ushindi huo ulioipeleka timu ya Bolton hadi hatua mechi za kupnda daraja (Play-offs).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65357041|title=Bolton Wanderers 2–0 Fleetwood Town|publisher=BBC Sport|date=29 April 2023|access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref> Siku hio hio jina lake likitajwa kwa kupigiwa kura na kushinda kuwa mchezaji bora wa Bolton Wanderers F.C kwa mwaka 2022–23 na pia alitunukiwa tuzo za Mchezaji Bora wa Mwaka (chaguo la wachezaji wenzake) na Mchezaji Bora Chipukizi wa Mwaka, ambapo tuzo hiyo ya chipukizi aliipata kwa kushirikiana na James Trafford.<ref name="BWPOTY">{{cite news|url=https://www.bwfc.co.uk/news/2023/april/bradley-is-season-star/|title=Bradley Is Season Star|publisher=Bolton Wanderers F.C.|date=29 April 2023|access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Iles |first=Marc |date=30 April 2023 |title='We're not finished yet!' Prize guy Conor wants more glory in the play-offs |url=https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/sport/23491094.liverpool-teen-conor-bradley-wins-hat-trick-bolton-wanderers-awards/ |newspaper=The Bolton News |access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliohai]] [[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Ireland Kaskazini]] <nowiki>[[Jamii:Wachezaji mpira wa Liverpool F.C]]</nowiki> 89rgbhkpbyz9hpkx5s643y3mydk3bru 3 237373 1547917 2026-05-22T00:08:10Z Mfield 86615 Mfield alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Babacoote]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Propitheque]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/Babacoote|Babacoote]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Propitheque|Propitheque]]" 1547917 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Propitheque]] 0ah5foyip299oevcav7x3vbq545s3yr 0 237374 1547923 2026-05-22T00:52:36Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mateo Blanco''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 10]], [[1981]]) ni [[msanii]], [[mwimbaji]], na mkusanyaji wa vitu vya sanaa nchini [[Marekani]]. Blanco hutumia vitu tofautitofauti kuunda sanaa.<ref>{{Citation|title=La gente se comía pedacitos de sus obras: el inconveniente de crear arte comestible - CNN Video|url=https://www.cnn.com/videos/spanish/2017/11/02/cnnee-camilo-intvw-mateo-blanco-arte-chocolate-comestible-museos-ripley.cnn|access-date=2019-04-23}}</r...' 1547923 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mateo Blanco''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 10]], [[1981]]) ni [[msanii]], [[mwimbaji]], na mkusanyaji wa vitu vya sanaa nchini [[Marekani]]. Blanco hutumia vitu tofautitofauti kuunda sanaa.<ref>{{Citation|title=La gente se comía pedacitos de sus obras: el inconveniente de crear arte comestible - CNN Video|url=https://www.cnn.com/videos/spanish/2017/11/02/cnnee-camilo-intvw-mateo-blanco-arte-chocolate-comestible-museos-ripley.cnn|access-date=2019-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Mateo Blanco {{!}} Season 2015 Episode 170 {{!}} WUCF Artisodes|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/wucf-artisodes-wucf-artisodes-170-mateo-blanco/|language=en|access-date=2019-04-23}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1981]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] iam7m9ld37vo39edo7dleew6lya4rwo 0 237375 1547924 2026-05-22T00:58:25Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joel Bergner''' (anayejulikana kama Joel Artista) ni [[msanii]] katika secta ya uchoraji picha za ukutani na mitaani na mwalimu nchini [[Marekani]] aliyeunda kazi kubwa za sanaa kwa ushiriki wa vijana na jamii duniani kote.<ref name=":13">{{cite web|last1=Stavsky|first1=Lois|title=Brooklyn-based artist Joel Bergner aka Joel Artista on his recent project with Israeli and Palestinian youth|url=http://streetartnyc.org/blog/2015/08/06/brooklyn-based-artist...' 1547924 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joel Bergner''' (anayejulikana kama Joel Artista) ni [[msanii]] katika secta ya uchoraji picha za ukutani na mitaani na mwalimu nchini [[Marekani]] aliyeunda kazi kubwa za sanaa kwa ushiriki wa vijana na jamii duniani kote.<ref name=":13">{{cite web|last1=Stavsky|first1=Lois|title=Brooklyn-based artist Joel Bergner aka Joel Artista on his recent project with Israeli and Palestinian youth|url=http://streetartnyc.org/blog/2015/08/06/brooklyn-based-artist-and-arts-educator-joel-bergner-aka-joel-artista-on-his-recent-project-with-israeli-and-palestinian-youth/|website=Street Art NYC|accessdate=August 6, 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|last1=London Calling|title=Joel Bergner Paints the Village Underground|url=https://londoncallingblog.net/2015/09/10/joel-artista-paints-the-village-underground/|website=London Calling Blog|accessdate=September 10, 2015|date=2015-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Majtan|first1=Leisha|title=Queens People of the Week Turn Eyesore into Work of Art|url=http://www.ny1.com/nyc/queens/queens-person-of-the-week/2016/05/13/queens-people-of-the-week-turn-eyesore-into-work-of-art.html|accessdate=May 13, 2016|agency=NY1 News}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite book|last= Kiriako̧s|first= Iosifidis|title=Mural Art Volume 3:Murals on Huge Public Surfaces Around the World : from Graffiti to Trompe L'oeil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hH-hcQAACAAJ|work=Publikat Verlags, 2010|isbn= 9783939566281|year= 2008|publisher= Publikat}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|last=Falcón|first=Neida Lis|title=Joel Bergner realiza residência artística em Cabo Verde|url=http://asemana.sapo.cv/spip.php?article60930&ak=1|work=A Semana 2011-02-02|access-date=2011-04-05|archive-date=2011-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006072239/http://asemana.sapo.cv/spip.php?article60930&ak=1|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Toomey|first=Mandy|title=Mural Lights Way to a Better Life|url=http://streetsense.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/10.26.10.pdf|work=Street Sense 2010-10-26|access-date=2012-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311042404/http://www.streetsense.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/10.26.10.pdf|archive-date=2012-03-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanzilishi mwenza na mkurugenzi mwenza wa shirika lisilo la faida la Artolution, ambalo huandaa mipango ya sanaa ya umma inayojikita katika jamii kwa wale ambao wamepitia migogoro ya kivita, kiwewe, na ubaguzi wa kijamii.<ref name=":3">{{cite news|last1=Livingston|first1=Ellen|title=Healing and empowering the world – one art project at a time|url=http://www.tc.columbia.edu/articles/2015/december/healing-and-empowering-the-world--one-art-project-at-a-time/|accessdate=December 24, 2015|agency=Teacher's College Newsroom}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite news|last1=Gravé-Lazi|first1=Lidar|title=Diplomatic spouses rally to help migrant children in south Tel Aviv|url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Politics-And-Diplomacy/Diplomatic-spouses-rally-to-help-migrant-children-in-south-Tel-Aviv-455597|accessdate=May 1, 2016|agency=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Cite web|url=http://www.artolution.org|title=Artolution - International Community-Based Public Arts Movement|website=Artolution|language=en-US|access-date=2016-03-08}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] chi2p38km35zqbwb5n9hcwam6gba9c2 1548288 1547924 2026-05-22T11:51:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548288 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joel Bergner''' (anayejulikana kama Joel Artista) ni [[msanii]] katika secta ya uchoraji picha za ukutani na mitaani na mwalimu nchini [[Marekani]] aliyeunda kazi kubwa za sanaa kwa ushiriki wa vijana na jamii duniani kote.<ref name=":13">{{cite web|last1=Stavsky|first1=Lois|title=Brooklyn-based artist Joel Bergner aka Joel Artista on his recent project with Israeli and Palestinian youth|url=http://streetartnyc.org/blog/2015/08/06/brooklyn-based-artist-and-arts-educator-joel-bergner-aka-joel-artista-on-his-recent-project-with-israeli-and-palestinian-youth/|website=Street Art NYC|accessdate=August 6, 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|last1=London Calling|title=Joel Bergner Paints the Village Underground|url=https://londoncallingblog.net/2015/09/10/joel-artista-paints-the-village-underground/|website=London Calling Blog|accessdate=September 10, 2015|date=2015-09-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Majtan|first1=Leisha|title=Queens People of the Week Turn Eyesore into Work of Art|url=http://www.ny1.com/nyc/queens/queens-person-of-the-week/2016/05/13/queens-people-of-the-week-turn-eyesore-into-work-of-art.html|accessdate=May 13, 2016|agency=NY1 News}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite book|last= Kiriako̧s|first= Iosifidis|title=Mural Art Volume 3:Murals on Huge Public Surfaces Around the World : from Graffiti to Trompe L'oeil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hH-hcQAACAAJ|work=Publikat Verlags, 2010|isbn= 9783939566281|year= 2008|publisher= Publikat}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|last=Falcón|first=Neida Lis|title=Joel Bergner realiza residência artística em Cabo Verde|url=http://asemana.sapo.cv/spip.php?article60930&ak=1|work=A Semana 2011-02-02|access-date=2011-04-05|archive-date=2011-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006072239/http://asemana.sapo.cv/spip.php?article60930&ak=1|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Toomey|first=Mandy|title=Mural Lights Way to a Better Life|url=http://streetsense.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/10.26.10.pdf|work=Street Sense 2010-10-26|access-date=2012-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311042404/http://www.streetsense.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/10.26.10.pdf|archive-date=2012-03-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanzilishi mwenza na mkurugenzi mwenza wa shirika lisilo la faida la Artolution, ambalo huandaa mipango ya sanaa ya umma inayojikita katika jamii kwa wale ambao wamepitia migogoro ya kivita, kiwewe, na ubaguzi wa kijamii.<ref name=":3">{{cite news|last1=Livingston|first1=Ellen|title=Healing and empowering the world – one art project at a time|url=http://www.tc.columbia.edu/articles/2015/december/healing-and-empowering-the-world--one-art-project-at-a-time/|accessdate=December 24, 2015|agency=Teacher's College Newsroom}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite news|last1=Gravé-Lazi|first1=Lidar|title=Diplomatic spouses rally to help migrant children in south Tel Aviv|url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Politics-And-Diplomacy/Diplomatic-spouses-rally-to-help-migrant-children-in-south-Tel-Aviv-455597|accessdate=May 1, 2016|agency=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.artolution.org|title=Artolution - International Community-Based Public Arts Movement|website=Artolution|language=en-US|access-date=2016-03-08}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ncj2pvvvd4rzybq4h1c7vedi62elm8x 0 237376 1547925 2026-05-22T01:06:32Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stephen Beck''' (alizaliwa [[1950]]) ni [[msanii]], [[mwandishi]], mbunifu wa vifaa vya kuchezea , na mvumbuzi nchini [[Marekani]] aliyekuwa mwanzilishi katika usanisi wa video na sanaa ya video shirikishi . Mifano ya kazi yake ilionekana katika makusanyo ikiwemo jumba la makumbusho ya sanaa ya kisasa la [[San Francisco]], jumba la makumbusho ya sanaa ya kisasa la [[New York]], na jumba la makumbusho ya sanaa ya kisasa la Whitney. == Marejeo == {{refli...' 1547925 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephen Beck''' (alizaliwa [[1950]]) ni [[msanii]], [[mwandishi]], mbunifu wa vifaa vya kuchezea , na mvumbuzi nchini [[Marekani]] aliyekuwa mwanzilishi katika usanisi wa video na sanaa ya video shirikishi . Mifano ya kazi yake ilionekana katika makusanyo ikiwemo jumba la makumbusho ya sanaa ya kisasa la [[San Francisco]], jumba la makumbusho ya sanaa ya kisasa la [[New York]], na jumba la makumbusho ya sanaa ya kisasa la Whitney. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} * [http://www.stevebeck.tv Official Site] {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wavumbuzi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1950]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4yj1djrngoacetl1ncpl3rwwlvf3smf 0 237377 1547926 2026-05-22T01:11:08Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Adolf Aldrich''' ([[1916]] – [[2010]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alihusika katika Federal Art Project chini ya ''Works Progress Administration (WPA)'' wakati wa [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa kiuchumi.<ref name="Franklin D. Roosevelt Library and Museum">{{cite web |title=Adolf Henry Degiani Aldrich |url=https://fdr.artifacts.archives.gov/people/49/adolf-henry-degiani-aldrich?ctx=b277f05bd6c23d8d697077883b520d010797fea7&idx=14 |website=Franklin D. R...' 1547926 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Aldrich''' ([[1916]] – [[2010]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Alihusika katika Federal Art Project chini ya ''Works Progress Administration (WPA)'' wakati wa [[Mdororo Mkuu]] wa kiuchumi.<ref name="Franklin D. Roosevelt Library and Museum">{{cite web |title=Adolf Henry Degiani Aldrich |url=https://fdr.artifacts.archives.gov/people/49/adolf-henry-degiani-aldrich?ctx=b277f05bd6c23d8d697077883b520d010797fea7&idx=14 |website=Franklin D. Roosevelt Library and Museum |access-date=3 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1916]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2010]] 1nm41va8zmzvivaflyl1j7sftry1ooy 0 237378 1547927 2026-05-22T01:14:15Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Donald A. Morgan''' ni mtaalamu wa upigaji picha wa [[Marekani]]. Alishinda [[Tuzo za Emmy]] 10, zikiwemo saba kwa ''Home Improvement'' na tatu kwa ''The Ranch''. Mwaka [[2022]], aliingizwa kwenye Television Hall of Fame. Kufikia [[2021]], alishikilia rekodi ya kuwa mtu mweusi aliyepewa tuzo nyingi zaidi kwenye Emmys.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Montgomery |first=Daniel |date=August 24, 2021 |title=The two most awarded Black individuals in Primetime...' 1547927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Donald A. Morgan''' ni mtaalamu wa upigaji picha wa [[Marekani]]. Alishinda [[Tuzo za Emmy]] 10, zikiwemo saba kwa ''Home Improvement'' na tatu kwa ''The Ranch''. Mwaka [[2022]], aliingizwa kwenye Television Hall of Fame. Kufikia [[2021]], alishikilia rekodi ya kuwa mtu mweusi aliyepewa tuzo nyingi zaidi kwenye Emmys.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Montgomery |first=Daniel |date=August 24, 2021 |title=The two most awarded Black individuals in Primetime Emmy history could win more this year |url=https://www.goldderby.com/article/2021/rupaul-drag-race-emmys-record/ |access-date=October 22, 2023 |website=[[GoldDerby]] |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ljuf0rh38v05dz2xeo4cwgyms8uwsi1 1548213 1547927 2026-05-22T10:49:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548213 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Donald A. Morgan''' ni mtaalamu wa upigaji picha wa [[Marekani]]. Alishinda [[Tuzo za Emmy]] 10, zikiwemo saba kwa ''Home Improvement'' na tatu kwa ''The Ranch''. Mwaka [[2022]], aliingizwa kwenye Television Hall of Fame. Kufikia [[2021]], alishikilia rekodi ya kuwa mtu mweusi aliyepewa tuzo nyingi zaidi kwenye Emmys.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |last=Montgomery |first=Daniel |date=August 24, 2021 |title=The two most awarded Black individuals in Primetime Emmy history could win more this year |url=https://www.goldderby.com/article/2021/rupaul-drag-race-emmys-record/ |access-date=October 22, 2023 |website=[[GoldDerby]] |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q6jg39a4is1d1vmjw9pmue5xbhvb011 0 237379 1547928 2026-05-22T01:16:44Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Chet La More''' ([[1908]] – [[1980]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]]. <ref name="Smithsonian American Art Museum">{{cite web |title=Chet La More |url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/chet-la-more-2774 |website=Smithsonian American Art Museum |access-date=27 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="Gallery Of Wisconsin Art">{{cite web |title=Chet La More |url=https://www.galleryofwisconsinart.com/artist-works.php?artistId=341252&artist=Chet%20La%20More |we...' 1547928 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Chet La More''' ([[1908]] – [[1980]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]]. <ref name="Smithsonian American Art Museum">{{cite web |title=Chet La More |url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/chet-la-more-2774 |website=Smithsonian American Art Museum |access-date=27 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="Gallery Of Wisconsin Art">{{cite web |title=Chet La More |url=https://www.galleryofwisconsinart.com/artist-works.php?artistId=341252&artist=Chet%20La%20More |website=Gallery Of Wisconsin Art |access-date=27 June 2022}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1908]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1980]] o2q60sjcu8q9etofwr8boulxry7jw4k 0 237380 1547931 2026-05-22T01:24:13Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Charles "Chazz" Miller''' ni [[msanii]] katika uchoraji picha za ukutani wa [[Marekani]] kutoka [[Detroit]],[[ Michigan]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi wa ''Artist Village'', mpango wa ''Motor City Blight Busters'', shirika lisilo la faida lililoko Old Redford lililolenga kuimarisha na kuhamasisha jamii za Detroit.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://placemaking.mml.org/how-to/artist-village-detroit/|title=The Artist Village Detroit|date=2013-03-22|work=Michigan Munic...' 1547931 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles "Chazz" Miller''' ni [[msanii]] katika uchoraji picha za ukutani wa [[Marekani]] kutoka [[Detroit]],[[ Michigan]]. Yeye ni mwanzilishi wa ''Artist Village'', mpango wa ''Motor City Blight Busters'', shirika lisilo la faida lililoko Old Redford lililolenga kuimarisha na kuhamasisha jamii za Detroit.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://placemaking.mml.org/how-to/artist-village-detroit/|title=The Artist Village Detroit|date=2013-03-22|work=Michigan Municipal League - Placemaking:Artist Village Detroit|access-date=2017-08-09|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metrotimes.com/detroit/blight-buster/Content?oid=2192326|title=Blight buster|last=Guyette|first=Curt|website=Detroit Metro Times|access-date=2017-08-09}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] pcsz38xfenhjjlr9db2kku1mkz69piq 0 237381 1547933 2026-05-22T01:29:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Farida Rahman''' ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]]. Amewahi kuhudumu kama mbunge kwa vipindi vitatu kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party). Pia, ni mjumbe wa kamati kuu ya chama hicho cha BNP.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |author=|title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-url=https:/...' 1547933 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Rahman''' ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]]. Amewahi kuhudumu kama mbunge kwa vipindi vitatu kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party). Pia, ni mjumbe wa kamati kuu ya chama hicho cha BNP.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |author=|title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018 |access-date=14 April 2020 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=List of 5th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018 |access-date=2 April 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]]}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=List of 6th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940||Rahman, Farida (BNP)}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] h7d9xtgpl261bfctm5q5l416r268nuy 1548228 1547933 2026-05-22T11:04:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1548228 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Farida Rahman''' ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]]. Amewahi kuhudumu kama mbunge kwa vipindi vitatu kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party). Pia, ni mjumbe wa kamati kuu ya chama hicho cha BNP.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |author=|title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018 |access-date=14 April 2020 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 5th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018 |access-date=2 April 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]]}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Rejea tovuti |title=List of 6th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915084544/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/6th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=15 September 2018 |access-date=9 April 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940||Rahman, Farida (BNP)}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] j8ceee0tpq3mukd0mdsmf896c9rotvs 0 237382 1547935 2026-05-22T01:35:38Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Serkan Özkaya''' (alizaliwa [[1973]]) ni [[msanii]] mwenye asili ya [[Uturuki]] na uraia wa [[Marekani]] ambaye kazi zake zinahusika na mada za uigaji na uzalishaji. Kwa kawaida anafanya kazi za sanaa ya uchoraji na mara nyingi hutengeneza matoleo mbalimbali hata ya kazi zake mwenyewe, ikiwemo kazi yake maarufu zaidi ''David'' (ilihamasishwa na Michelangelo). Kazi za sanaa za Özkaya zinahifadhiwa katika makusanyo ya kudumu ya İstanbul Modern, Boru...' 1547935 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Serkan Özkaya''' (alizaliwa [[1973]]) ni [[msanii]] mwenye asili ya [[Uturuki]] na uraia wa [[Marekani]] ambaye kazi zake zinahusika na mada za uigaji na uzalishaji. Kwa kawaida anafanya kazi za sanaa ya uchoraji na mara nyingi hutengeneza matoleo mbalimbali hata ya kazi zake mwenyewe, ikiwemo kazi yake maarufu zaidi ''David'' (ilihamasishwa na Michelangelo). Kazi za sanaa za Özkaya zinahifadhiwa katika makusanyo ya kudumu ya İstanbul Modern, Borusan Contemporary Art, na Arter huko [[Istanbul]], pamoja na maeneo matatu tofauti ya 21c Museum Hotels—Louisville, Kentucky; [[Bentonville, Arkansas|Bentonville]], [[Arkansas]]; na [[Nashville, Tennessee]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://www.stlbeacon.org/#!/content/13301/review_serkan_ozkaya_works_magic|title=Review: Serkan Ozkaya works magic|last=Cooper|first=Ivy|date=2008-10-07|website=STL Beacon|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150411222101/https://www.stlbeacon.org/%23!/content/13301/review_serkan_ozkaya_works_magic|archive-date=2015-04-11|url-status=dead|access-date=2017-09-08}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Uturuki]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1973]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dkzqyk3sk5tjdy2vx4kzb5pn7d3o2sy 0 237383 1547937 2026-05-22T01:40:20Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hasina Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. Alikuwa mke wa Wakili Aminur Rahman. Ana watoto wanne; wa kiume wawili na wa kike wawili. Mtoto wake wa kiume wa kwanza, Mridul Rahman, anaishi nchini [[Marekani]] (USA) na mtoto wa kiume wa pili, Mrinal Rahman, anaishi Dinajpur na familia yake....' 1547937 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hasina Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. Alikuwa mke wa Wakili Aminur Rahman. Ana watoto wanne; wa kiume wawili na wa kike wawili. Mtoto wake wa kiume wa kwanza, Mridul Rahman, anaishi nchini [[Marekani]] (USA) na mtoto wa kiume wa pili, Mrinal Rahman, anaishi Dinajpur na familia yake. == Kazi == Rahman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940||Rahman, Hasina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] kkf0y05upa422x7zuhreio0adihlxqp 0 237384 1547938 2026-05-22T01:43:13Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jason Overby''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 4]], [[1975]]) ni [[msanii]] na mkosoaji nchini [[Marekani]] anayehusishwa na vuguvugu la art comics na abstract comics<ref>[http://www.actionyes.org/issue15/overby/overby1.html "Car by Jason Overby"], ''actionyes.org'', March 22, 2011.</ref><ref>[http://gazebooks.com/jason-overby01.html "Binaree by Jason Overby"], ''gazebooks.com'', July 16, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.arthurmag.com/2009/08/05/slapstick-by-jason-over...' 1547938 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jason Overby''' (alizaliwa [[Machi 4]], [[1975]]) ni [[msanii]] na mkosoaji nchini [[Marekani]] anayehusishwa na vuguvugu la art comics na abstract comics<ref>[http://www.actionyes.org/issue15/overby/overby1.html "Car by Jason Overby"], ''actionyes.org'', March 22, 2011.</ref><ref>[http://gazebooks.com/jason-overby01.html "Binaree by Jason Overby"], ''gazebooks.com'', July 16, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.arthurmag.com/2009/08/05/slapstick-by-jason-overby/ "'Slapstick' by Jason Overby"], ''arthurmag.com'', August 5, 2009.</ref><ref>Badman, Derik [http://madinkbeard.com/archives/art-comics-indie-comics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513140013/http://madinkbeard.com/archives/art-comics-indie-comics |date=May 13, 2011 }} "Art Comics, Indie Comics"], ''madinkbeard.com'', February 19, 2010.</ref>.Anajulikana zaidi kwa katuni yake ya ''Jessica'', mchanganyiko wa art comics na katuni za tawasifu, riwaya yake ya picha ''Exploding Head Man'', na ''Apophenia''.<ref>Badman, Derik [https://madinkbeard.com/archives/jessica-by-jason-overby "Jessica by Jason Overby"], ''madinkbeard.com'', November 9, 2008.</ref><ref>Randall, Bill [http://billrandall.net/2008/analytic-drawing-jason-overby/ "Analytic Drawing: Jason Overby"], ''billrandall.net'', December 18, 2008.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ot3qb5zzkec4xycmcrrvb93ty794k4g 0 237385 1547941 2026-05-22T01:46:55Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sarwari Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=140 ex-BNP MPs demand release of Khaleda |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-42007 |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=20 June 2008 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasias...' 1547941 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sarwari Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=140 ex-BNP MPs demand release of Khaleda |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-42007 |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=20 June 2008 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Rahman, Sarwari}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 62utfw6dhobqtuwd8f5ltge8i3m1xiv 0 237386 1547942 2026-05-22T01:51:12Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tony Oursler''' (alizaliwa [[1957]]) ni msanii msakinishaji nchini [[Marekani]] aliyemuoa [[Jacqueline Humphries]].Alimaliza Shahada ya Sanaa katika California Institute of the Arts huko Valencia, [[California]], mwaka [[1979]]. Sanaa yake inashughulikia anuwai ya nyenzo, akifanya kazi za video, uchongaji, usakinishaji, maonyesho, na uchoraji.<ref name=Kimmelman>{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Kimmelman |author-link=Michael Kimmelman |date=April 27,...' 1547942 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tony Oursler''' (alizaliwa [[1957]]) ni msanii msakinishaji nchini [[Marekani]] aliyemuoa [[Jacqueline Humphries]].Alimaliza Shahada ya Sanaa katika California Institute of the Arts huko Valencia, [[California]], mwaka [[1979]]. Sanaa yake inashughulikia anuwai ya nyenzo, akifanya kazi za video, uchongaji, usakinishaji, maonyesho, na uchoraji.<ref name=Kimmelman>{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Kimmelman |author-link=Michael Kimmelman |date=April 27, 2001 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/27/arts/in-the-studio-with-tony-oursler-a-sculptor-of-the-air-with-video.html |title=In the Studio With Tony Oursler; A Sculptor Of the Air With Video |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1qf96furfhrn2x61ssp9r9ked2hfi73 0 237387 1547944 2026-05-22T01:54:52Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Selima Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP). Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Utamaduni ya serikali ya Bangladesh, na alikuwa Mbunge kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/representation-of-women-reduced-to-half-1.427101 |title=Representation of women reduced to half |publisher=Gulf News |dat...' 1547944 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Selima Rahman''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party - BNP). Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi katika Wizara ya Masuala ya Utamaduni ya serikali ya Bangladesh, na alikuwa Mbunge kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/representation-of-women-reduced-to-half-1.427101 |title=Representation of women reduced to half |publisher=Gulf News |date=14 October 2001 |accessdate=15 October 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1945||Rahman, Selima}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] adlnm4ehgfn3middv38dsojmwxafow3 0 237388 1547945 2026-05-22T01:56:41Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''David Oscarson''' (alizaliwa [[1966]]) ni [[mchongaji]] nchini [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa miundo yake ya kifahari ya kalamu za wino . Alikulia [[Stockholm]], [[Uswidi]]. Alianza kuunda kalamu za anasa za wino mwaka [[2000]].<ref>Schrappen, Colleen. [https://www.stltoday.com/business/local/write-on-pen-enthusiasts-convene-in-st-louis-for-second/article_9d7b97fe-9795-576e-a7ff-bc87bc03f385.html "Write on: Pen enthusiasts convene in St. Louis for secon...' 1547945 wikitext text/x-wiki '''David Oscarson''' (alizaliwa [[1966]]) ni [[mchongaji]] nchini [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa miundo yake ya kifahari ya kalamu za wino . Alikulia [[Stockholm]], [[Uswidi]]. Alianza kuunda kalamu za anasa za wino mwaka [[2000]].<ref>Schrappen, Colleen. [https://www.stltoday.com/business/local/write-on-pen-enthusiasts-convene-in-st-louis-for-second/article_9d7b97fe-9795-576e-a7ff-bc87bc03f385.html "Write on: Pen enthusiasts convene in St. Louis for second annual show"], ''[[St. Louis Post-Dispatch]]'', 21 June 2019. Retrieved on 10 March 2020.</ref><ref>Infanger, Garrick. [http://www.thekrakens.com/2016/02/david-oscarson-craftsmanship/ "David Oscarson: Craftsmanship"], ''The Krakens'', 16 February 2016. Retrieved on 10 March 2020.</ref><ref>Couture, Denise. [https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/18/your-money/IHT-for-writers-and-other-connoisseurs-indulging-a-passion-for.html "For Writers and Other Connoisseurs, Indulging a Passion for Pens"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 18 December 1999. Retrieved on 10 March 2020.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wachongaji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1966]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qgetgh6vvanaakebkbe45y1kwcw5qxm 0 237389 1547947 2026-05-22T01:57:37Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Malti Rani''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rani alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |acces...' 1547947 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Malti Rani''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rani alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Rani, Malti}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] 3lheqb5gpwu1q8woc4nu4ktec7k8qtl 0 237390 1547949 2026-05-22T02:00:41Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kel O'Neill''' ni [[mwongozaji wa filamu]], [[msanii]], na [[mwigizaji]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni nusu ya duo ya watengenezaji filamu ya Jongsma + O'Neill pamoja na [[Eline Jongsma]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Padley|first1=Gemma|title=Tim Hetherington Trust unveils new award shortlist|url=http://www.bjp-online.com/2015/02/tim-hetherington-trust-shortlist-new-award/|website=British Journal of Photography|accessdate=9 March 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{r...' 1547949 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kel O'Neill''' ni [[mwongozaji wa filamu]], [[msanii]], na [[mwigizaji]] nchini [[Marekani]]. Yeye ni nusu ya duo ya watengenezaji filamu ya Jongsma + O'Neill pamoja na [[Eline Jongsma]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Padley|first1=Gemma|title=Tim Hetherington Trust unveils new award shortlist|url=http://www.bjp-online.com/2015/02/tim-hetherington-trust-shortlist-new-award/|website=British Journal of Photography|accessdate=9 March 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji Filamu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rzlwg7dsdpbiqbqfsknmo5ofn3ep73a 0 237391 1547950 2026-05-22T02:01:22Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jahanara Rob''' (1928/1929 – 1 Oktoba 2014) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rob alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 1st Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament...' 1547950 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jahanara Rob''' (1928/1929 – 1 Oktoba 2014) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rob alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 1st Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909153327/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1929|2014|Rob, Jahanara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu Bangladesh]] 07mzz8z3y7yaxferfx1it2u7mbzwvqx 1547951 1547950 2026-05-22T02:01:42Z Egipa 87700 1547951 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jahanara Rob''' (1928/1929 – 1 Oktoba 2014) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Rob alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 1st Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=12 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180909153327/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/1st.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1929|2014|Rob, Jahanara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] is2annv4jpvjredcbhtbzl33vrbww8b 0 237392 1547952 2026-05-22T02:02:25Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marjorie Abbatt''', aliyezaliwa kwa jina la '''Norah Marjorie Cobb''' (18 Machi 1899 – 10 Novemba 1991), alikuwa Marjorie Abbatt mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea watoto na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Uingereza]].<ref name="V&A">{{cite web |title=Paul and Marjorie Abbatt Ltd. |url=[https://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/paul-marjorie-abbatt-ltd/](https://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/paul-marjorie-abbatt-ltd/) |website=V&A Museum of Childhood}}</ref><ref name="ODNB">{{cite ODNB...' 1547952 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marjorie Abbatt''', aliyezaliwa kwa jina la '''Norah Marjorie Cobb''' (18 Machi 1899 – 10 Novemba 1991), alikuwa Marjorie Abbatt mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea watoto na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Uingereza]].<ref name="V&A">{{cite web |title=Paul and Marjorie Abbatt Ltd. |url=[https://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/paul-marjorie-abbatt-ltd/](https://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/paul-marjorie-abbatt-ltd/) |website=V&A Museum of Childhood}}</ref><ref name="ODNB">{{cite ODNB |first=Elizabeth |last=Newson |title=Abbatt [née Cobb], (Norah) Marjorie (1899–1991), promoter of toy design and businesswoman |id=49549 |language=en}}</ref> Alijulikana kwa mchango wake katika ukuzaji wa ubunifu wa vifaa vya kuchezea watoto pamoja na biashara inayohusiana na elimu ya watoto kupitia michezo. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1899|1991}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 56wwdtnxxr5ggx6gjd08c5i10wjhzqt 0 237393 1547954 2026-05-22T02:06:22Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Steven Nielson''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 4]], [[1979]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]], mwanaharakati wa siasa za serikali ndogo, afisa wa zamani wa chama cha Libertarian, mhandisi wa vyombo vya anga, msanii, na [[mwandishi]] wa watoto.<ref>{{cite web |title=Now Hear This: an Interview with Stephen Nielson, piano |url=https://www.basicallybeethoven.org/post/now-hear-this-an-interview-with-stephen-nielson-piano |website=Basically Beethoven |date=20...' 1547954 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Steven Nielson''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 4]], [[1979]]) ni [[mwanasiasa]] nchini [[Marekani]], mwanaharakati wa siasa za serikali ndogo, afisa wa zamani wa chama cha Libertarian, mhandisi wa vyombo vya anga, msanii, na [[mwandishi]] wa watoto.<ref>{{cite web |title=Now Hear This: an Interview with Stephen Nielson, piano |url=https://www.basicallybeethoven.org/post/now-hear-this-an-interview-with-stephen-nielson-piano |website=Basically Beethoven |date=2017-07-17 |access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wahandisi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1t9sa5nbdyoyv3sfh4c7bopremeq1ec 0 237394 1547955 2026-05-22T02:06:38Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Raihan Akhter Banu''' (jina la utani: Roni; 11 Januari 1952 - 3 Aprili 2024) alikuwa mbunge wa [[Bangladesh]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/former-mp-s/list-of-8th-parliament-members-bangla |title=List of 8th Parliament Members|website=Bangladesh Parliament|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref> na kiongozi wa [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party). Alianza ha...' 1547955 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raihan Akhter Banu''' (jina la utani: Roni; 11 Januari 1952 - 3 Aprili 2024) alikuwa mbunge wa [[Bangladesh]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/former-mp-s/list-of-8th-parliament-members-bangla |title=List of 8th Parliament Members|website=Bangladesh Parliament|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref> na kiongozi wa [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party). Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa kama kiongozi wa wanafunzi katika umoja uliitwa East Pakistan Student League, ambao kwa sasa unajulikana kama Bangladesh Chhatra League. Kama mratibu, alishiriki kikamilifu katika Vita vya Ukombozi vya Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1971. Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) katika Bunge la 8 kupitia tiketi ya Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh .<ref name="mp">{{cite news |title= BNP picks 30 for women's reserved seats |url= http://archive.thedailystar.net/2005/08/26/d5082601119.htm |newspaper= The Daily Star |location= Dhaka |date= 26 August 2005 |access-date= 23 February 2017 |archive-date= 24 February 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170224052546/http://archive.thedailystar.net/2005/08/26/d5082601119.htm |url-status= dead }}</ref> Anaingia kwenye orodha ya wanasiasa wanawake wa karne ya 20 na karne ya 21, kwani alianza siasa mnamo mwaka 1969 na kuwa mbunge mnamo mwaka 2004. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Raihan Akhter Banu alizaliwa na Rowshan Ara na Abdur Rahman Mondal katika eneo la 'Chalkdev Para' kwenye Mji wa Naogaon, katika Wilaya ya Naogaon. Alihitimu mtihani wake wa Cheti cha Shule ya Sekondari kutoka Shule ya Sekondari ya Wasichana ya Central huko Naogaon chini ya Bodi ya Rajshahi. Alifanya mtihani wake wa Cheti cha Juu cha Sekondari (HSC) kutoka Chuo cha Wanawake cha Serikali cha BMC huko Naogaon. Raihan Akhter Banu Roni alitunukiwa shahada yake ya kwanza ya Sanaa (Bachelor of Arts) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Rajshahi. Baba yake alikuwa mtu mashuhuri katika mji huo. Mjomba wake, marehemu Khan Mohammad Basir Uddin Mondal, alikuwa mwanasiasa wa vyama vya All-India Muslim League na Pakistan Muslim League vya zamani. Babu yake mzaa baba, marehemu Zarif Mondal, alikuwa mmiliki wa ardhi na mtu tajiri katika wilaya hiyo. Kaka yake mkubwa, marehemu Mokhlesur Rahman Raja, alikuwa mpigania uhuru mkongwe wa Vita vya Ukombozi vya Bangladesh na kiongozi wa zamani wa chama cha Awami League (kabla ya mwaka 1974) na chama cha Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal (kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1984). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1952|2024|Banu, Raihan Akhter}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wanawake]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2024]] jrm8u3tbvwg4g2d6mmpuo61mfzsja1t 1547957 1547955 2026-05-22T02:07:45Z Egipa 87700 1547957 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Raihan Akhter Banu''' (jina la utani: Roni; 11 Januari 1952 - 3 Aprili 2024) alikuwa mbunge wa [[Bangladesh]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/index.php/en/mps/members-of-parliament/former-mp-s/list-of-8th-parliament-members-bangla |title=List of 8th Parliament Members|website=Bangladesh Parliament|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref> na kiongozi wa [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party). Alianza harakati zake za kisiasa kama kiongozi wa wanafunzi katika umoja uliitwa East Pakistan Student League, ambao kwa sasa unajulikana kama Bangladesh Chhatra League. Kama mratibu, alishiriki kikamilifu katika Vita vya Ukombozi vya Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1971. Alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) katika Bunge la 8 kupitia tiketi ya Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh .<ref name="mp">{{cite news |title= BNP picks 30 for women's reserved seats |url= http://archive.thedailystar.net/2005/08/26/d5082601119.htm |newspaper= The Daily Star |location= Dhaka |date= 26 August 2005 |access-date= 23 February 2017 |archive-date= 24 February 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170224052546/http://archive.thedailystar.net/2005/08/26/d5082601119.htm |url-status= dead }}</ref> Anaingia kwenye orodha ya wanasiasa wanawake wa karne ya 20 na karne ya 21, kwani alianza siasa mnamo mwaka 1969 na kuwa mbunge mnamo mwaka 2004. == Maisha ya mapema na elimu == Raihan Akhter Banu alizaliwa na Rowshan Ara na Abdur Rahman Mondal katika eneo la 'Chalkdev Para' kwenye Mji wa Naogaon, katika Wilaya ya Naogaon. Alihitimu mtihani wake wa Cheti cha Shule ya Sekondari kutoka Shule ya Sekondari ya Wasichana ya Central huko Naogaon chini ya Bodi ya Rajshahi. Alifanya mtihani wake wa Cheti cha Juu cha Sekondari (HSC) kutoka Chuo cha Wanawake cha Serikali cha BMC huko Naogaon. Raihan Akhter Banu Roni alitunukiwa shahada yake ya kwanza ya Sanaa (Bachelor of Arts) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Rajshahi. Baba yake alikuwa mtu mashuhuri katika mji huo. Mjomba wake, marehemu Khan Mohammad Basir Uddin Mondal, alikuwa mwanasiasa wa vyama vya All-India Muslim League na Pakistan Muslim League vya zamani. Babu yake mzaa baba, marehemu Zarif Mondal, alikuwa mmiliki wa ardhi na mtu tajiri katika wilaya hiyo. Kaka yake mkubwa, marehemu Mokhlesur Rahman Raja, alikuwa mpigania uhuru mkongwe wa Vita vya Ukombozi vya Bangladesh na kiongozi wa zamani wa chama cha Awami League (kabla ya mwaka 1974) na chama cha Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal (kuanzia mwaka 1974 hadi 1984). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1952|2024|Banu, Raihan Akhter}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 3n2pemkr2cgsmwm00f8gmtc1rou3zxp 0 237395 1547956 2026-05-22T02:07:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ysabel Caroline Birkbeck''' née '''Elwes''' (1859–1934) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vinyago na mfadhili kutoka [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana zaidi kama mwanzilishi wa kampuni maarufu ya Westacre Dolls' House iliyokuwa ikitengeneza samani za nyumba za wanasesere. == Maisha == Alizaliwa mwaka 1859, akiwa binti wa mchoraji na msafiri Robert Elwes (1819–1878), pamoja na Mary Frances Lucas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.thepeerage.com/p31970.htm#i319698|ti...' 1547956 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ysabel Caroline Birkbeck''' née '''Elwes''' (1859–1934) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vinyago na mfadhili kutoka [[Uingereza]], anayejulikana zaidi kama mwanzilishi wa kampuni maarufu ya Westacre Dolls' House iliyokuwa ikitengeneza samani za nyumba za wanasesere. == Maisha == Alizaliwa mwaka 1859, akiwa binti wa mchoraji na msafiri Robert Elwes (1819–1878), pamoja na Mary Frances Lucas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.thepeerage.com/p31970.htm#i319698|title=Person](http://www.thepeerage.com/p31970.htm#i319698|title=Person) Page|website=[www.thepeerage.com|access-date=2017-03-07](http://www.thepeerage.com|access-date=2017-03-07)}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1859|1934}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] ad11kfnloxuo7izjyw8h4valt7fn4x4 0 237396 1547958 2026-05-22T02:11:32Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sir David Brewster''' (11 Desemba 1781 – 10 Februari 1868) alikuwa David Brewster mwanasayansi, mvumbuzi, mwandishi na msimamizi wa taaluma kutoka [[Uskoti]]. Katika sayansi anakumbukwa zaidi kwa kazi zake za majaribio katika optics ya kifizikia, hasa zilizohusiana na uchunguzi wa upolarishaji wa mwanga, ikiwemo ugunduzi wa Brewster's angle. Pia alichunguza birefringence ya fuwele chini ya mgandamizo na kugundua photoelasticity,<ref>Thomas J. Bress (2...' 1547958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir David Brewster''' (11 Desemba 1781 – 10 Februari 1868) alikuwa David Brewster mwanasayansi, mvumbuzi, mwandishi na msimamizi wa taaluma kutoka [[Uskoti]]. Katika sayansi anakumbukwa zaidi kwa kazi zake za majaribio katika optics ya kifizikia, hasa zilizohusiana na uchunguzi wa upolarishaji wa mwanga, ikiwemo ugunduzi wa Brewster's angle. Pia alichunguza birefringence ya fuwele chini ya mgandamizo na kugundua photoelasticity,<ref>Thomas J. Bress (2009), "The Influence of Processing and Fluid Parameters on Injection Molding Flow". University of Michigan. {{ISBN|1-109-11089-8}}. p. 14.</ref> jambo lililosababisha kuanzishwa kwa taaluma ya optical mineralogy.<ref name=odnb>A. D. Morrison-Low (2004) "Brewster, Sir David (1781–1868)" in ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/3371}}</ref> Kwa sababu ya kazi hizi, William Whewell alimpa jina la “baba wa optics ya kisasa ya majaribio” na “[[Johannes Kepler]] wa optics”.<ref>William Whewell (1859) [[https://archive.org/details/historyinductiv02whewgoog](https://archive.org/details/historyinductiv02whewgoog) ''History of the Inductive Sciences'']. D. Appleton. p. 133</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1781|1868}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uskoti]] mvh03ui1i9wxe4vrc5b3b5k6h3vs3wc 0 237397 1547959 2026-05-22T02:14:14Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Carter Bryant''' (amezaliwa 1964) ni mbunifu wa vifaa vya kuchezea, msanii na mvumbuzi kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mwanasesere wa mitindo wa Bratz,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colker |first=David |date=2008-06-13 |title=Bratz creator tells of origins |url=[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-13-fi-bratz13-story.html](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-13-fi-bratz13-story.html) |access-date=2023-09-08 |website=Lo...' 1547959 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Carter Bryant''' (amezaliwa 1964) ni mbunifu wa vifaa vya kuchezea, msanii na mvumbuzi kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mwanasesere wa mitindo wa Bratz,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colker |first=David |date=2008-06-13 |title=Bratz creator tells of origins |url=[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-13-fi-bratz13-story.html](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-13-fi-bratz13-story.html) |access-date=2023-09-08 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Talbot">{{cite magazine |last=Talbot |first=Margaret |date=5 December 2006 |title=Little hotties: Barbie's new rivals |url=[http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2006/little_hotties_4487](http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2006/little_hotties_4487) |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |publisher=[[New America (organization)|New America Foundation]] |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20081130030153/http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2006/little_hotties_4487](https://web.archive.org/web/20081130030153/http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2006/little_hotties_4487) |archive-date=30 November 2008 |access-date=7 December 2008 |quote=}}</ref> pamoja na kazi yake ya awali kama mbunifu wa bidhaa za Barbie katika kampuni ya Mattel.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Lobel |first=Orly |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=FVSNEAAAQBAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=FVSNEAAAQBAJ) |title=You Don't Own Me: The Landmark Court Battles that Exposed Barbie's Dark Side |date=2017-11-14 |publisher=National Geographic Books |isbn=978-0-393-25407-5 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1964|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] cr3nkbm6w332hv8rlalzbdvlnyx81oe 0 237398 1547960 2026-05-22T02:15:59Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ayesha Sardar''' (1927 – 16 Februari 1988) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Maisha ya mapema == Sardar alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1927 katika kijiji cha Khanpur, mkoani Bagharpara, katika Wilaya ya Jessore, eneo la East Bengal, wakati huo ikiwa India ya Kiingereza (British India). == Kazi == Mnamo...' 1547960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ayesha Sardar''' (1927 – 16 Februari 1988) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Maisha ya mapema == Sardar alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1927 katika kijiji cha Khanpur, mkoani Bagharpara, katika Wilaya ya Jessore, eneo la East Bengal, wakati huo ikiwa India ya Kiingereza (British India). == Kazi == Mnamo mwaka 1954, Sardar alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Jukwaa la Wanawake la Muslim League. Mnamo mwaka 1963, alihudumu kama mjumbe wa Zila Parishad na Baraza la Divisheni. Alikuwa kamishna wa Manispaa ya Jessore mnamo mwaka 1965 na alichaguliwa kuingia katika Baraza la Mkoa la East Pakistan katika mwaka huo huo. Mnamo mwaka 1967, alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Shirikisho la Wafanyakazi la Kanda ya Khulna. Katika mwaka wa 1977, alihudumu kama Kamishna wa Manispaa ya Dhaka. Mnamo mwaka 1978, Sardar alikuwa mjumbe wa kamati kuu ya Mahila Jagadal na baada ya hapo akawa mjumbe wa Kamati Kuu ya Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh.Sardar alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1979.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web|title=List of 2nd Parliament Members|url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf|access-date=20 March 2021|website=Bangladesh Parliament|language=bn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> Alihudumu kama makamu wa rais wa Jatiyatabadi Mahila Dal, ambalo ni miongoni mwa makundi ya wanawake ndani ya Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh. Pia, alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Bangladesh Mahila Samaj Kalyan Samiti. Alishiriki kikamilifu katika maendeleo ya Wilaya ya Jessore ambapo alianzisha taasisi za elimu zipatazo 50 katika eneo hilo.Alihudumu kama rais wa Chama cha Waandishi wa Habari cha Wilaya ya Jessore na Jessore Ebaquib Samiti. Rais wa Pakistan alimtunuku nishani ya [[Tamgha-i-Khidmat]] kwa ajili ya kazi zake nzuri za kijamii. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1927|1988|Sardar, Ayesha}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] g9zkjcv675rmyt7p4e5qm27axpwau4e 0 237399 1547961 2026-05-22T02:18:00Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shahnaz Sardar''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001. == Kazi == Sardar alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1996 kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 03.<ref name="7th">{{cite web |title=List of 7th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parlia...' 1547961 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shahnaz Sardar''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001. == Kazi == Sardar alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1996 kupitia kiti maalum cha wanawake namba 03.<ref name="7th">{{cite web |title=List of 7th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |access-date=6 November 2020 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924064449/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955||Sardar, Shahnaz}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] kf70q87g2uz2s0rtorkie0fg9zazvg1 0 237400 1547962 2026-05-22T02:18:38Z Jolvin Joel 68047 nimeunda kurasa mpya 1547962 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zandile Ndhlovu''' ni [[Harakati|mwanaharakati]] wa uhifadhi wa bahari, mwanaharakati wa kijamii, na mtengenezaji wa filamu ambaye alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza mweusi kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] kuwa mwalimu wa kupiga mbizi baharini bila kutumia mitungi ya hewa. Yeye ndiye mwanzilishi ''wa The Black Mermaid Foundation''. Mnamo mwaka [[2023]], Ndhlovu aliorodheshwa kwenye orodha ya Wanawake 100 ya [[BBC]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC 100 Women 2023: Who dey on di list dis year? - BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/resources/idt-02d9060e-15dc-426c-bfe0-86a6437e5234|work=News Pidgin|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Wasifu == Ndhlovu alilelewa katika mji wa [[Soweto]] usio na bandari, ambao unapakana na [[Johannesburg]]. Hakuwahi kwenda kwenye bwawa la kuogelea au kujifunza kuogelea akiwa mtoto mdogo hadi alipofikisha umri wa miaka kumi na moja na kujiunga na shule ya watu wa rangi tofauti. Hapo awali alikuwa mshauri aliyezingatia usawa, utofauti, na ushirikishwaji. Upendo wake kwa bahari uliongezeka baada ya kwenda [[Bali]], [[Indonesia]] na kupata uzoefu wa kupiga mbizi kwa mara ya kwanza. Alipokuwa akisoma Instagram, alipata nafasi ya kupiga mbizi kwa uhuru na akaidhinishwa kama mwalimu wa kupiga mbizi kwa kutumia scuba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=This page has been removed|url=http://www.theguardian.com//the-tech-that-makes-it-possible/2023/oct/31/we-tell-kids-this-ocean-is-yours-how-south-africas-black-mermaid-inspires-children-to-swim|work=the Guardian|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Ndlovu akawa mwalimu wa kwanza wa kupiga mbizi wa kike mweusi kutoka Afrika Kusini na kwa upendo aliitwa Mermaid Mweusi. Mnamo mwaka alianzisha Black Mermaid Foundation. Katika manispaa ya Langa, ambayo iko karibu na [[Cape Town]], alianza kufanya kazi na kikundi cha jamii. Aliwafundisha jinsi ya kuogelea na kupiga mbizi wakiwa majini, na pia aliwafahamisha kuhusu athari za taka za plastiki kwa wanyamapori.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zandi Ndhlovu: Tales of a black mermaid|url=https://www.getaway.co.za/travel/adventures/zandi-ndhlovu-tales-of-a-black-mermaid/|work=Getaway Magazine|date=2023-07-17|accessdate=2026-05-22|author=Lauren Dold}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Wanaharakati wa Afrika Kusini]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] tbe9p6u7ouau9uawwj3s5zu2cxmopni 0 237401 1547963 2026-05-22T02:18:51Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ivan Cash''' ni [[msanii]] shirikishi, mtengenezaji wa filamu, na mzungumzaji nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ivan Cash |url=https://www.oneclub.org/awards/youngguns/-judge/7667/ivan-cash |website=The One Club for Creativity |access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Mwaka [[2016]], Cash alitajwa kwenye [[Forbes]] 30 Under 30 katika kitengo cha Wasanii,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/pictures/hjdj45fk/ivan-cash-29/#1342c732670a |title=Forbes...' 1547963 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ivan Cash''' ni [[msanii]] shirikishi, mtengenezaji wa filamu, na mzungumzaji nchini [[Marekani]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ivan Cash |url=https://www.oneclub.org/awards/youngguns/-judge/7667/ivan-cash |website=The One Club for Creativity |access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Mwaka [[2016]], Cash alitajwa kwenye [[Forbes]] 30 Under 30 katika kitengo cha Wasanii,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/pictures/hjdj45fk/ivan-cash-29/#1342c732670a |title=Forbes 30 under 30, Ivan Cash|website=[[Forbes]] }}</ref> na mwaka [[2018]] aliteuliwa kuwa mwanachama wa ''USPS Citizens' Stamp Advisory Committee''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Stamp Advisory Committee |url=https://about.usps.com/news/national-releases/2018/pr18_084.htm}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa mwaka usiojulikana]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hwf934bx98udbcs5bfernlqhm4eixy2 0 237402 1547964 2026-05-22T02:19:58Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frank Caplan''' (10 Juni 1911 – 28 Septemba 1988) alikuwa Frank Caplan mfanyakazi wa vijana, mwalimu, mkusanyaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea vya jadi, na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa maendeleo na utengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea vya kielimu kwa watoto. Alianzisha kampuni ya Creative Playthings] mwaka 1945 pamoja na mke wake Theresa Caplan. Caplan alifanya kazi na wasanii, wasanifu majengo, na wabunifu mbalimbali kama Isamu Noguchi, Louis Kahn, Henry Moore, Ro...' 1547964 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frank Caplan''' (10 Juni 1911 – 28 Septemba 1988) alikuwa Frank Caplan mfanyakazi wa vijana, mwalimu, mkusanyaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea vya jadi, na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa maendeleo na utengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea vya kielimu kwa watoto. Alianzisha kampuni ya Creative Playthings] mwaka 1945 pamoja na mke wake Theresa Caplan. Caplan alifanya kazi na wasanii, wasanifu majengo, na wabunifu mbalimbali kama Isamu Noguchi, Louis Kahn, Henry Moore, Robert Winston, pamoja na mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka Uswisi, Antonio Vitali, ili kubuni vifaa vya ubunifu vya michezo ya kielimu na miundo ya viwanja vya michezo kwa watoto.<ref name=Ogata>{{cite journal|last=Ogata|first=Amy F.|title=Creative Playthings: Educational Toys and Postwar American Culture|journal=[[Winterthur Portfolio]]|date=Summer–Autumn 2004|volume=39|issue=2/3|pages=129–156|doi=10.1086/433197|s2cid=151517793}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1911|1988}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] ksi2l9u6wpujil7iux126dgmkivmzjy 0 237403 1547965 2026-05-22T02:20:00Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bharati Nandi Sarkar''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=Govt takes up plan to attain self-sufficiency in cement |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/govt-takes-up-plan-to-attain-self-sufficiency-in-cement |access-date=6 November 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=21 January 2000 |langu...' 1547965 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bharati Nandi Sarkar''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na alikuwa mbunge wa [[Jatiya Sangsad]] (Bunge la Bangladesh) kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake.<ref>{{cite news |title=Govt takes up plan to attain self-sufficiency in cement |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/govt-takes-up-plan-to-attain-self-sufficiency-in-cement |access-date=6 November 2020 |work=The Daily Star |date=21 January 2000 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Sarkar, Bharati Nandi}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 4c4v9uiqn1at3tn5zwf2p7niuledwdc 0 237404 1547966 2026-05-22T02:22:03Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shaheda Sarkar''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Sarkar alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliam...' 1547966 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shaheda Sarkar''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Sarkar alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=List of 5th Jatiya Sangshad members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=[[Jatiya Sangsad]] |publisher=Government of Bangladesh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917232851/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/5th.pdf |archive-date=17 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Sarkar, Shaheda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] ktz0o8etsitjfw6bksjlma2r798xctx 0 237405 1547967 2026-05-22T02:23:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''André Cassagnes''' (23 Septemba 1926 – 16 Januari 2013) alikuwa André Cassagnes mvumbuzi, fundi wa vifaa vya umeme, mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, na mbunifu wa tiara za kurushwa angani kutoka [[Ufaransa]]. Cassagnes anajulikana zaidi kama mvumbuzi wa Etch A Sketch, kifaa maarufu cha kiufundi cha kuchorea kwa watoto ambacho tangu mwaka 2016 kimetengenezwa na Spin Master, na hapo awali kilitengenezwa na Ohio Art Company.<ref name=gifts>{{cite ne...' 1547967 wikitext text/x-wiki '''André Cassagnes''' (23 Septemba 1926 – 16 Januari 2013) alikuwa André Cassagnes mvumbuzi, fundi wa vifaa vya umeme, mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, na mbunifu wa tiara za kurushwa angani kutoka [[Ufaransa]]. Cassagnes anajulikana zaidi kama mvumbuzi wa Etch A Sketch, kifaa maarufu cha kiufundi cha kuchorea kwa watoto ambacho tangu mwaka 2016 kimetengenezwa na Spin Master, na hapo awali kilitengenezwa na Ohio Art Company.<ref name=gifts>{{cite news |title=Etch A Sketch Creator Dies |url=[http://www.giftsanddec.com/article/559614-Etch_A_Sketch_Creator_Dies.php](http://www.giftsanddec.com/article/559614-Etch_A_Sketch_Creator_Dies.php) |work= Gifts & Decorative Accessories Magazine |date=2013-01-31 |access-date=2013-02-02}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1926|2013}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] sf0np5lu3mnwwozp4i4khpkiwk056tb 0 237406 1547968 2026-05-22T02:24:23Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mahmuda Saugat''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Saugat alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1996.<ref name="7th">{{cite web |title=List of 7th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |accessdate=6 Novem...' 1547968 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmuda Saugat''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Saugat alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Awami League mnamo mwaka 1996.<ref name="7th">{{cite web |title=List of 7th Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |accessdate=6 November 2020 |website=Bangladesh Parliament |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924064449/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955||Saugat, Mahmuda}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] qaft9babxhfqy35x3djy1gz3gmxivjt 0 237407 1547969 2026-05-22T02:26:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Selina Shahid''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1996. Mumewe, Shahidul Islam, alikuwa mbunge kutoka jimbo la Kushtia-2.<ref>{{Cite news |title=The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 989 |url=https://archive.thedailystar.net/2007/03/12/d70312070194.htm |access-date=2022-10-3...' 1547969 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Selina Shahid''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake kuanzia mwaka 1991 hadi 1996. Mumewe, Shahidul Islam, alikuwa mbunge kutoka jimbo la Kushtia-2.<ref>{{Cite news |title=The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 989 |url=https://archive.thedailystar.net/2007/03/12/d70312070194.htm |access-date=2022-10-30 |work=The Daily Star}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Shahid, Selina}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] h67rhwv18drtnnabe9wpsno1v7q45j5 0 237408 1547970 2026-05-22T02:28:01Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Theresa Caplan''' (1913–2010) alikuwa msomi wa [[Marekani]] wa karne ya ishirini aliyebobea katika saikolojia ya maendeleo ya utoto wa awali na pia mkusanyaji wa [[toy|vifaa vya kuchezea]] kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za dunia. Akiwa pamoja na mume wake [[Frank Caplan|Frank Caplan]], aliandika vitabu vingi vilivyosifiwa na kujenga mkusanyiko mkubwa wa vifaa vya kuchezea ambao sasa ni sehemu ya makumbusho muhimu. Alizaliwa tarehe 6 Juni 1913. Caplan alish...' 1547970 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Theresa Caplan''' (1913–2010) alikuwa msomi wa [[Marekani]] wa karne ya ishirini aliyebobea katika saikolojia ya maendeleo ya utoto wa awali na pia mkusanyaji wa [[toy|vifaa vya kuchezea]] kutoka sehemu mbalimbali za dunia. Akiwa pamoja na mume wake [[Frank Caplan|Frank Caplan]], aliandika vitabu vingi vilivyosifiwa na kujenga mkusanyiko mkubwa wa vifaa vya kuchezea ambao sasa ni sehemu ya makumbusho muhimu. Alizaliwa tarehe 6 Juni 1913. Caplan alishirikiana na mume wake katika kuandika vitabu mbalimbali vilivyochunguza namna watoto walivyocheza, iwe peke yao au pamoja na wengine, na katika hatua tofauti za ukuaji.<ref name=obit>[[http://obituaries.expressionstributes.com/?o=c9dc139756](http://obituaries.expressionstributes.com/?o=c9dc139756) Theresa Caplan] {{webarchive|url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120330234614/http://obituaries.expressionstributes.com/?o=c9dc139756](https://web.archive.org/web/20120330234614/http://obituaries.expressionstributes.com/?o=c9dc139756) |date=2012-03-30 }}, [[https://www.matherhodge.com](https://www.matherhodge.com) Mather Hodge Funeral Home], 2010. Accessed 2011-08-20.</ref> Kwa mfano, mojawapo ya vitabu vyao, ''The First Twelve Months of Life'', kilijikita katika watoto wachanga lakini pia kilihusisha uchunguzi wa watoto wa miaka miwili pamoja na ulinganisho na vyama vya wafanyakazi vya watu wazima.<ref name=brennan>Brennan, Hope. "The Toy King". ''Columbia Magazine'', 1987-10.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1913|2010}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] tcutkcpkrmfq5krjyxsttmhel186pz5 0 237409 1547971 2026-05-22T02:28:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shamsun Nahar Shelley''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Shelley alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |acce...' 1547971 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shamsun Nahar Shelley''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Shelley alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Shelley, Shamsun Nahar}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 0mlkfl6zniuf4jk3uwm9g04j6uy5low 0 237410 1547972 2026-05-22T02:31:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hasina Banu Shirin''' (27 Novemba 1959 – 24 Mei 2011) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na mbunge wa jimbo la Khulna-3. == Kazi == Shirin alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kutoka jimbo la Khulna-3 kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref name="1986results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |author=|website=Bangladesh Parli...' 1547972 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hasina Banu Shirin''' (27 Novemba 1959 – 24 Mei 2011) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na mbunge wa jimbo la Khulna-3. == Kazi == Shirin alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kutoka jimbo la Khulna-3 kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref name="1986results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |author=|website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=15 November 2019 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> Pia, alihudumu kama mwanasheria mkuu wa bunge hilo.<ref>{{cite news |title=Squabbles in Khulna JP |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-60549 |access-date=15 November 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=27 October 2008 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1959|2011|Shirin, Hasina Banu}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] fipmj9svwo4arnbcnau9drlgazgg5qy 0 237411 1547973 2026-05-22T02:33:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ole Kirk Christiansen''' (alizaliwa kama '''Ole Kirk Kristiansen'''; 7 Aprili 1891 – 11 Machi 1958) alikuwa Ole Kirk Christiansen seremala kutoka [[Udeni|Denmark]]. Mwaka 1932, alianzisha kampuni ya vifaa vya kuchezea vya ujenzi ya [[Lego|LEGO]], ambayo baadaye ilijulikana kama Kundi la LEGO. Christiansen alibadilisha karakana yake ndogo ya useremala, ambayo mwanzoni iliuza bidhaa za matumizi ya nyumbani, kuwa kiwanda cha kutengeneza vifaa vya kuchez...' 1547973 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ole Kirk Christiansen''' (alizaliwa kama '''Ole Kirk Kristiansen'''; 7 Aprili 1891 – 11 Machi 1958) alikuwa Ole Kirk Christiansen seremala kutoka [[Udeni|Denmark]]. Mwaka 1932, alianzisha kampuni ya vifaa vya kuchezea vya ujenzi ya [[Lego|LEGO]], ambayo baadaye ilijulikana kama Kundi la LEGO. Christiansen alibadilisha karakana yake ndogo ya useremala, ambayo mwanzoni iliuza bidhaa za matumizi ya nyumbani, kuwa kiwanda cha kutengeneza vifaa vya kuchezea vya mbao. Kufikia mwaka 1934, aliipa kampuni jina rasmi la LEGO na kuweka misingi yake muhimu ya biashara. Kampuni hiyo ilianza kutengeneza matofali ya plastiki baada ya kununua mashine ya kutengeneza bidhaa za plastiki kwa njia ya sindano mwaka 1947. Baada ya kifo chake mwaka 1958, usimamizi wa kampuni ulikabidhiwa kwa mwanawe, Godtfred. == Miaka ya awali == Christiansen alizaliwa tarehe 7 Aprili 1891 katika Omvraa Mark, Filskov, Kusini mwa Jutland, Denmark, eneo lililo takribani kilomita 20 kaskazini-magharibi mwa Billund.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2023-03-11 |title=Ole Kirk Christiansen, el creador de Lego, el juego de construcción más famoso del mundo |url=[https://historia.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/ole-kirk-christiansen-el-creador-de-lego-el-juego-de-construccion-mas-famoso-del-mundo_17770](https://historia.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/ole-kirk-christiansen-el-creador-de-lego-el-juego-de-construccion-mas-famoso-del-mundo_17770) |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=historia.nationalgeographic.com.es |language=es}}</ref> Alikuwa mmoja kati ya watoto 13 wa mfanyakazi wa shamba.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Henley |first=Jon |date=2009-03-26 |title=Toy story |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/mar/26/lego-billund-denmark](https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/mar/26/lego-billund-denmark) |access-date=2023-11-28 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Wazazi wake walikuwa Jens Niels Christiansen na Kirstine Christiansen.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Bundy Sichol |first=Lowey |title=From an Idea to Lego: The Building Bricks Behind the World's Largest Toy Company |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |year=2019 |pages=3}}</ref> Ingawa familia yao ilikuwa maskini, Christiansen alipata elimu ya msingi ya sekondari. Akiwa bado mdogo, alianza kufanya kazi ya kuchunga na kusaidia shambani akiwa na umri wa miaka sita, huku akienda shule siku mbili kwa wiki. Katika kipindi hicho ndipo alipoanza kupenda kuchonga na kuchana mbao kwa kisu (whittling wood). Mwaka 1905, akiwa na umri wa miaka 14, alianza kufanya kazi kama mwanafunzi wa ufundi (apprentice) chini ya kaka yake mkubwa, Kristian Bonde Christiansen. Mwaka 1911, baada ya kumaliza mafunzo yake, alijiunga na jeshi na baadaye akasoma katika Shule ya Ufundi ya Haslev.<ref name=":4" /> Baadaye alisafiri nje ya nchi, akifanya kazi ya useremala nchini Ujerumani na Norway kabla ya kurejea Denmark.<ref name=":3" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1891|1958}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Denmark]] 01p40ysmpy1vjk59o7zb5n71kyyms2x 0 237412 1547974 2026-05-22T02:33:47Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Khadija Sufian''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Sufian alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) mnamo mwaka 1979 na kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov...' 1547974 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khadija Sufian''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Sufian alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) mnamo mwaka 1979 na kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref name="1979results">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |title=List of 2nd Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904090815/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/2nd.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Sufian, Khadija}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] cukdpwb7i9alii0qe0ym6zobi7al4bp 0 237413 1547975 2026-05-22T02:36:28Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Parveen Sultana''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Sultana alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-d...' 1547975 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Parveen Sultana''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Sultana alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Sultana, Parveen}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 9rt5piim3le19ye7em57t692t4u2yrr 0 237414 1547976 2026-05-22T02:36:59Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joshua Lionel Cowen''' ( 25 Agosti 1877 – 8 Septemba 1965) alikuwa Joshua Lionel Cowen mvumbuzi wa [[Marekani]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Lionel Corporation, kampuni iliyotengeneza treni za mfano na treni za kuchezea iliyopata umaarufu mkubwa sokoni kabla na baada ya Vita vya Pili vya Dunia. == Miaka ya awali == Joshua Lionel Cohen alizaliwa Queens, New York City tarehe 25 Agosti 1877, akiwa mtoto wa Hyman Nathan Cohen na mkewe Rebecca (née Kantrow...' 1547976 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joshua Lionel Cowen''' ( 25 Agosti 1877 – 8 Septemba 1965) alikuwa Joshua Lionel Cowen mvumbuzi wa [[Marekani]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa Lionel Corporation, kampuni iliyotengeneza treni za mfano na treni za kuchezea iliyopata umaarufu mkubwa sokoni kabla na baada ya Vita vya Pili vya Dunia. == Miaka ya awali == Joshua Lionel Cohen alizaliwa Queens, New York City tarehe 25 Agosti 1877, akiwa mtoto wa Hyman Nathan Cohen na mkewe Rebecca (née Kantrowitz) Cohen; alikuwa na ndugu wanane.<ref name=Morris2002> {{cite web |url= [http://www.nrhs.com/spot/lionel/](http://www.nrhs.com/spot/lionel/) |title= He fed our dreams ... Happy 125th Birthday, Joshua Lionel Cowen |archive-url= [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311022302/http://nrhs.com/spot/lionel/](https://web.archive.org/web/20070311022302/http://nrhs.com/spot/lionel/) |archive-date= March 11, 2007 |publisher= National Railway Historical Society |access-date= March 1, 2023 |first= Hank |last = Morris |date= 2002}} Reprinted by permission from ''The National Railway Bulletin,'' Volume 67, Number 3, 2002.</ref> Wazazi wake walikuwa wahamiaji Wayahudi kutoka Ujerumani. Cohen alitengeneza treni yake ya kwanza ya kuchezea akiwa na umri wa miaka saba, alipounganisha injini ndogo ya mvuke kwenye locomotive ya mbao aliyokuwa amechonga mwenyewe. Injini hiyo ililipuka na kuharibu jikoni ya wazazi wake.{{cn|date=March 2023}} Baadaye alisoma katika [[Columbia University]] na City College of New York. == Kazi ya biashara == Cohen alipata hati miliki yake ya kwanza mwaka 1899 kwa kifaa cha kuwasha mwanga wa kamera ya picha. Mwaka huohuo pia alipata kandarasi ya kijeshi kutoka United States Navy ya kutengeneza fuses za mabomu ya baharini, ambapo alipata dola 12,000.<ref name=n106955610>{{cite news |last= Campbell |first= Cal |date=August 27, 2018 |title=Joshua Lionel Cowen |url= [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/106955610/journal-gazette/](https://www.newspapers.com/clip/106955610/journal-gazette/) |work= Journal Gazette|location=Matton, Illinois|via=[[Newspapers.com]] {{open access|access-date=August 5, 2022}}}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1877|1965}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] ox2zdxnnlyq5a4ibm2s2z3hqfp3l7hg 0 237415 1547977 2026-05-22T02:37:37Z Jolvin Joel 68047 nimeunda kurasa mpya 1547977 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pierre Ernest Rouamba''' ([[1951]] - [[2023]]) alikuwa mkurugenzi na mtayarishaji wa filamu kutoka [[Burkina Faso]]. Anajulikana sana kwa filamu yake ya ''Tasuma'' ya ,mwaka [[2003]] . == Maisha ya Awali na Elimu == Pierre Ernest Rouamba alizaliwa katika mji wa Bobo-Dioulasso nchini Burkina Faso, mwezi Juni, 1951.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Africiné - Pierre Ernest Rouamba|url=https://www.africine.org/index.php/personne/pierre-ernest-rouamba/10887|work=Africiné|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> Alisoma katika Taasisi ya Afrika ya Elimu ya Sinema huko Ouagadougou.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Personnes {{!}} Africultures : Rouamba Pierre Ernest|url=https://africultures.com/personnes/?no=10887|work=Africultures|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Kazi == Rouamba alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa kampuni ya utengenezaji wa filamu ya ClapAfrik. Alikuwa mkurugenzi msaidizi wa filamu kadhaa, kabla ya kuongoza filamu nyingi fupi mwenyewe, ikiwa ni pamoja na zile za televisheni.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Kifo == Rouamba alifariki mjini Ouagadougou mnamo mwezi Mei, 2023.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1951]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2023]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] snw4haxgnami2ge4lne6tthbbxmioig 0 237416 1547978 2026-05-22T02:39:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Shirin Sultana''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shirin, Papiya quit BNP executive committee |url=https://theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/58506 |accessdate=10 May 2020 |work=The Independent |location=Dhaka |agency=UNB |date=1 September 2016}}</ref> Ameolewa na Khairul Kabir Khokon. Yeye ni katibu mkuu wa Jatiyatabadi...' 1547978 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shirin Sultana''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shirin, Papiya quit BNP executive committee |url=https://theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/58506 |accessdate=10 May 2020 |work=The Independent |location=Dhaka |agency=UNB |date=1 September 2016}}</ref> Ameolewa na Khairul Kabir Khokon. Yeye ni katibu mkuu wa Jatiyatabadi Mohila Dal.<ref>{{cite news |title=BNP leader Khokon gets bail |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/2019/02/11/bnp-leader-khokon-gets-bail |accessdate=10 May 2020 |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=11 February 2019}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 2008, aligombea katika uchaguzi mkuu kutoka jimbo la Dhaka-9 kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh lakini alishindwa na Saber Hossain Chowdhury, aliyekuwa mgombea wa chama cha Awami League.<ref>{{cite web |title=Electoral Area Result Statistics |url=https://amarmp.com/election/result/electoral?seat_id=217 |website=Amarmp |accessdate=10 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1960||Sultana, Shirin}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 8pqmdw1yhua0rl13qvsk4rsm3y3o0wr 0 237417 1547979 2026-05-22T02:40:02Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Atherton Darling Converse''' (7 Januari 1877 – 6 Julai 1956) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Marekani]], mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, na mwanasiasa kutoka Winchendon, Massachusetts. Alikuwa msomi aliyehitimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard, na alihudumu katika Massachusetts House of Representatives baada ya kuchaguliwa mwaka 1906 katika 128th Massachusetts General Court, akiwakilisha wilaya ya pili ya Worcester County, Massachusetts. <ref name="DOB"...' 1547979 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Atherton Darling Converse''' (7 Januari 1877 – 6 Julai 1956) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Marekani]], mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, na mwanasiasa kutoka Winchendon, Massachusetts. Alikuwa msomi aliyehitimu katika Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard, na alihudumu katika Massachusetts House of Representatives baada ya kuchaguliwa mwaka 1906 katika 128th Massachusetts General Court, akiwakilisha wilaya ya pili ya Worcester County, Massachusetts. <ref name="DOB">{{cite web|url=[https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/bitstream/handle/2452/796070/1907-House-01-Appendix.pdf|title=Annual](https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/bitstream/handle/2452/796070/1907-House-01-Appendix.pdf|title=Annual) Register of the Executive and Legislative Department of the Government of Massachusetts: Entry for State Representative Atherton D. Converse|website=archives.lib.state.ma.us|publisher=State Library of Massachusetts|year=1907|page=20}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=[https://archive.org/details/souvenirofmassac1907brid|title=A](https://archive.org/details/souvenirofmassac1907brid|title=A) Souvenir of Massachusetts legislators|year=1907|website=archive.org|publisher=Bridgman, A.M.|pages=93,175,176}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=[https://archive.org/details/manualforuseofge1907mass|title=A](https://archive.org/details/manualforuseofge1907mass|title=A) Manual of the General Court|year=1907|page=464|website=archive.org}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1877|1956}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 3lqio17tjwmmcd86bpik10lu394heul 0 237418 1547980 2026-05-22T02:41:50Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Setara Talukdar''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Talukdar alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-da...' 1547980 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Setara Talukdar''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Talukdar alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |access-date=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Talukdar, Setara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] sc5wtpyq4d12e64ybvimg0y8myiasdo 0 237419 1547981 2026-05-22T02:43:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Charles Martin Crandall''' (30 Mei 1833 – 25 Juni 1905) alikuwa mvumbuzi na mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kutengeneza aina mbalimbali za vitalu vya kuchezea, ikiwemo "Crandall's Acrobats", "Noah's Dominoes", "Illuminated Pictorial Alphabet", "District School", "Menagerie", mchezo wa "Pigs in Clover", pamoja na michezo mingine mingi na vifaa vya mbao kama treni za mbao zenye mabehewa yanayounganishwa. C...' 1547981 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Martin Crandall''' (30 Mei 1833 – 25 Juni 1905) alikuwa mvumbuzi na mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kutengeneza aina mbalimbali za vitalu vya kuchezea, ikiwemo "Crandall's Acrobats", "Noah's Dominoes", "Illuminated Pictorial Alphabet", "District School", "Menagerie", mchezo wa "Pigs in Clover", pamoja na michezo mingine mingi na vifaa vya mbao kama treni za mbao zenye mabehewa yanayounganishwa. Crandall alianza kufanya kazi katika kiwanda cha useremala na fanicha cha baba yake kilichopo Covington, Pennsylvania, na akiwa na umri wa miaka kumi na mbili alianza kubuni vifaa vya kuchezea. Baada ya kifo cha baba yake mwaka 1849, Crandall alichukua uongozi wa kiwanda akiwa na umri wa miaka kumi na sita. == Vitalu vya Crandall == Kufikia mwaka 1866, Crandall alihamishia kampuni yake Montrose, Pennsylvania na kuanza kutengeneza vifaa vya michezo ya croquet. Alianza kujaribu mbinu ya kuunganisha pembe za masanduku kwa kutumia mifumo ya vishimo na ndimi (grooves and tongues) badala ya misumari. Wakati watoto wake walipokuwa wakipona ugonjwa wa scarlet fever, alipeleka vipande hivyo nyumbani, na watoto wake wakavitumia kujenga miundo mbalimbali kama nyumba, daraja na uzio. Daktari wa watoto wake alipoona vitalu hivyo, aliamuru avipate, na ndipo mauzo ya kwanza ya "Crandall's Building Blocks" yalipofanyika.<ref>''Toys in America'', p. 157.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1833|1905}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] mgadrnazi0gkdl2omjwon9tz0dxmfw7 0 237420 1547982 2026-05-22T02:44:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Zinatun Nesa Talukdar''' (1947 – 29 Oktoba 2023) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi wa Wizara ya Elimu ya Msingi na Elimu ya Watu Wazima.<ref>{{cite web|title=6 new ministers take oath, 2 promoted|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news/6-new-ministers-take-oath-2-promoted|publisher=The Daily Star|access-date=9 October 2016|date=1 January 1998}}</ref> Pia alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi w...' 1547982 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zinatun Nesa Talukdar''' (1947 – 29 Oktoba 2023) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi wa Wizara ya Elimu ya Msingi na Elimu ya Watu Wazima.<ref>{{cite web|title=6 new ministers take oath, 2 promoted|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news/6-new-ministers-take-oath-2-promoted|publisher=The Daily Star|access-date=9 October 2016|date=1 January 1998}}</ref> Pia alihudumu kama Waziri wa Nchi wa Wizara ya Masuala ya Wanawake na Watoto. Alikuwa miongoni na mawaziri watatu wanawake kati ya mawaziri 43 wa baraza la mawaziri katika Serikali ya Kwanza ya Sheikh Hasina kati ya mwaka 1996 na 2001.<ref>{{cite web|title=Representation of women reduced to half|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/general/representation-of-women-reduced-to-half-1.427101|publisher=GulfNews|access-date=9 October 2016|date=14 October 2001}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Achievements - Rajshahi Chamber of Commerce & Industry|url=http://rajshahichamber.com/achivements|publisher=Rajshahi Chamber of Commerce & Industry|access-date=9 October 2016|archive-date=26 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026075036/http://rajshahichamber.com/achivements|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1947|2023|Talukdar, Zinatun Nesa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] 3fhzwelsv0vnyaqm2vt4k2tqwyarjcx 0 237421 1547983 2026-05-22T02:44:48Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ali Maatouk Omran Al-Snousi''' (Kiarabu: علي معتوق عمران السنوسي; alizaliwa 4 Januari 1988) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya beki katika klabu ya Al-Ahli Tripoli pamoja na [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Maatouk (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/66198/Ali_Maatouk.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strac...' 1547983 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali Maatouk Omran Al-Snousi''' (Kiarabu: علي معتوق عمران السنوسي; alizaliwa 4 Januari 1988) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya beki katika klabu ya Al-Ahli Tripoli pamoja na [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Maatouk (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/66198/Ali_Maatouk.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeoa == <references /> [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1988]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] thmyaszwkcuqoqgdio93tf2koaajcbj 0 237422 1547985 2026-05-22T02:47:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Gary Ross Dahl''' (18 Desemba 1936 – 23 Machi 2015) alikuwa Gary Ross Dahl mfanyabiashara na mkurugenzi wa matangazo kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alianzisha na kubuni kichezeo cha kukusanya kinachojulikana kama Pet Rock—mawe laini yaliyotoka katika mji wa Rosarito, Baja California, Mexico—katikati ya miaka ya 1970, ambacho kilimfanya kuwa milionea kutokana na mafanikio yake makubwa sokoni.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fox |first=Margalit |date=2015-03-31 |title=...' 1547985 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gary Ross Dahl''' (18 Desemba 1936 – 23 Machi 2015) alikuwa Gary Ross Dahl mfanyabiashara na mkurugenzi wa matangazo kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alianzisha na kubuni kichezeo cha kukusanya kinachojulikana kama Pet Rock—mawe laini yaliyotoka katika mji wa Rosarito, Baja California, Mexico—katikati ya miaka ya 1970, ambacho kilimfanya kuwa milionea kutokana na mafanikio yake makubwa sokoni.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fox |first=Margalit |date=2015-03-31 |title=Gary Dahl, Inventor of the Pet Rock, Dies at 78 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/01/us/gary-dahl-inventor-of-the-pet-rock-dies-at-78.html](https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/01/us/gary-dahl-inventor-of-the-pet-rock-dies-at-78.html) |access-date=2022-04-28 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Woo |first=Elaine |date=2015-04-01 |title=Gary Dahl dies at 78; creator of Pet Rock, 1970s pop culture icon |url=[https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-gary-ross-dahl-20150401-story.html](https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-gary-ross-dahl-20150401-story.html) |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1936|2015}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] j8boofwwkns1tvkz2lbz34ida9xhj2d 1548244 1547985 2026-05-22T11:13:59Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1548244 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gary Ross Dahl''' (18 Desemba 1936 – 23 Machi 2015) alikuwa Gary Ross Dahl mfanyabiashara na mkurugenzi wa matangazo kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alianzisha na kubuni kichezeo cha kukusanya kinachojulikana kama Pet Rock—mawe laini yaliyotoka katika mji wa Rosarito, Baja California, Mexico—katikati ya miaka ya 1970, ambacho kilimfanya kuwa milionea kutokana na mafanikio yake makubwa sokoni.<ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Fox |first=Margalit |date=2015-03-31 |title=Gary Dahl, Inventor of the Pet Rock, Dies at 78 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/01/us/gary-dahl-inventor-of-the-pet-rock-dies-at-78.html](https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/01/us/gary-dahl-inventor-of-the-pet-rock-dies-at-78.html) |access-date=2022-04-28 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |last=Woo |first=Elaine |date=2015-04-01 |title=Gary Dahl dies at 78; creator of Pet Rock, 1970s pop culture icon |url=[https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-gary-ross-dahl-20150401-story.html](https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-gary-ross-dahl-20150401-story.html) |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1936|2015}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] hsdedyse0qo53kwl152ypbwdzz2f8eq 0 237423 1547986 2026-05-22T02:47:11Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mamta Wahab''' (alifariki mwaka 2012) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) na mbunge wa zamani wa jimbo la Mymensingh-4. Alikuwa dada mkubwa wa Rowshan Ershad na A. H. G. Mohiuddin.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=bn:বাংলাদেশের রাজনীতিতে কে কার আত্মীয়? |url=https://www.ppbd.news/lead-news/12822|access-date=2020-06-02|website=Purboposchim |language=bn}}</ref...' 1547986 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mamta Wahab''' (alifariki mwaka 2012) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) na mbunge wa zamani wa jimbo la Mymensingh-4. Alikuwa dada mkubwa wa Rowshan Ershad na A. H. G. Mohiuddin.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=bn:বাংলাদেশের রাজনীতিতে কে কার আত্মীয়? |url=https://www.ppbd.news/lead-news/12822|access-date=2020-06-02|website=Purboposchim |language=bn}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1940|2012|Wahab, Mamta}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Quran]] 0th4ho03qmrvy0bhtim21hyf7qe8my6 0 237424 1547987 2026-05-22T02:49:54Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Edwina Hume Fallis''' (15 Novemba 1876 – 14 Septemba 1957) alikuwa Edwina Hume Fallis mwalimu kutoka [[Marekani]], mwandishi, mshairi, na mbunifu wa vifaa vya kuchezea. Kumbukumbu yake kwa watoto, ''When Denver and I Were Young'' (1956), ilichapishwa mara mbili, na aliandika zaidi ya mashairi 100. Baada ya kifo chake, aliingizwa katika Colorado Women's Hall of Fame mwaka 1989. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == File:Front of East High School in Denver,...' 1547987 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edwina Hume Fallis''' (15 Novemba 1876 – 14 Septemba 1957) alikuwa Edwina Hume Fallis mwalimu kutoka [[Marekani]], mwandishi, mshairi, na mbunifu wa vifaa vya kuchezea. Kumbukumbu yake kwa watoto, ''When Denver and I Were Young'' (1956), ilichapishwa mara mbili, na aliandika zaidi ya mashairi 100. Baada ya kifo chake, aliingizwa katika Colorado Women's Hall of Fame mwaka 1989. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == [[File:Front of East High School in Denver, 05-Sep-2012.jpg|upright|thumb|[[East High School (Denver)|East High School]], Denver]] Edwina Hume Fallis alizaliwa [[Denver]], Colorado na alikulia katika nyumba iliyokuwa kona ya West 14th na Acoma Streets, eneo ambalo sasa ni mahali ilipo Denver Public Library.{{sfn|Varnell|1999|p=86}} Babu wa mama yake, Daniel Hurd, alikuwa rais wa bodi ya shule ya Denver.{{sfn|Varnell|1999|pp=86–87}} Fallis alisoma katika mfumo wa shule za umma wa Denver na alihitimu kutoka East High School mwaka 1895. Katika mahafali yake, alitoa hotuba yenye kichwa "Ideas Stronger Than Armies", akijadili “mawazo makubwa ya kihistoria”.<ref>{{cite web |url= [http://coloradoclues.tripod.com/Graduates1895.htm|title=Graduates](http://coloradoclues.tripod.com/Graduates1895.htm|title=Graduates) 1895|publisher=Colorado Clues|access-date=13 February 2016}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1876|1957}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] najnb3v2gudpgulx1q76pw48br1ic9g 0 237425 1547988 2026-05-22T02:50:15Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marwan Mabrouk Mansour''' (Kiarabu: مروان المبروك; alizaliwa 15 Desemba 1989) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya ambaye alicheza zaidi katika [[klabu]] ya Al-Ittihad Tripoli kwenye Ligi Kuu ya Libya. == Kazi ya soka == Mabrouk alianza kucheza soka katika [[klabu]] ya Olympic Zawiya ya Ligi Kuu ya Libya, ikiwemo kushiriki nao kwenye Super Cup ya Libya mwaka 2004 ambapo timu hiyo ilifungwa fainali na Al-Ittihad.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Libya 2003/04|url=...' 1547988 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marwan Mabrouk Mansour''' (Kiarabu: مروان المبروك; alizaliwa 15 Desemba 1989) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya ambaye alicheza zaidi katika [[klabu]] ya Al-Ittihad Tripoli kwenye Ligi Kuu ya Libya. == Kazi ya soka == Mabrouk alianza kucheza soka katika [[klabu]] ya Olympic Zawiya ya Ligi Kuu ya Libya, ikiwemo kushiriki nao kwenye Super Cup ya Libya mwaka 2004 ambapo timu hiyo ilifungwa fainali na Al-Ittihad.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Libya 2003/04|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/lib04.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> Alijiunga na Al-Ittihad mwaka 2009, na akawa mmoja wa wachezaji muhimu katika mechi za CAF Champions League na CAF Confederation Cup. Mabrouk aliisaidia Al-Ittihad kushinda Super Cup ya Libya kwa mara ya tisa mfululizo mwaka 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ittihad start domestic competitions by winning Super Cup {{!}} African Soccer Union|url=http://www.africansoccerunion.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=114743&Itemid=200149|work=www.africansoccerunion.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-gb|author=Administrator}}</ref> Pia aliichezea klabu hiyo katika CAF Confederation Cup ya mwaka 2010 na kusaidia [[timu]] kufika hatua ya nusu fainali. == Timu ya taifa == Ameichezea timu ya taifa ya Libya mara 25 na kufunga mabao mawili. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1989]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o05ow87nqm3okv0mzp58ut7bsv5nvvg 0 237426 1547989 2026-05-22T02:50:16Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hosne Ara Wahid''' (28 Februari 1955 – 6 Aprili 2020) alikuwa mwalimu wa shule ya sekondari, meneja wa shirika lisilo la kiserikali, na mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League ambaye alihudumu kama Mbunge (MP) kupitia kiti maalum cha 39 kilichotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |title=List of 7th Parliament Mem...' 1547989 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hosne Ara Wahid''' (28 Februari 1955 – 6 Aprili 2020) alikuwa mwalimu wa shule ya sekondari, meneja wa shirika lisilo la kiserikali, na mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha Awami League ambaye alihudumu kama Mbunge (MP) kupitia kiti maalum cha 39 kilichotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake kuanzia mwaka 1996 hadi 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |title=List of 7th Parliament Members |website=Bangladesh Parliament |language=bn |access-date=20 June 2015 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924064449/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp-bangla/7th%20Parliament%20.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1955|2020|Wahid, Hosne Ara}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] rpgtw0zqfx9u7cg3f4fskjsdkeqj90x 0 237427 1547990 2026-05-22T02:54:14Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Muhanad Madyen''' (alizaliwa 25 Machi 1994) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muhand Aissa|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/muhand-aissa/|work=worldfootball.net|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=كووورة: الموقع العربي الرياضي الأول|url=https://www.kooora.com/?player=135047|work=www.kooora.com|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Mareje...' 1547990 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhanad Madyen''' (alizaliwa 25 Machi 1994) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muhand Aissa|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/muhand-aissa/|work=worldfootball.net|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=كووورة: الموقع العربي الرياضي الأول|url=https://www.kooora.com/?player=135047|work=www.kooora.com|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1994]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rdfcz6vvkqv856qbl1svm4dn4s00986 0 237428 1547991 2026-05-22T02:55:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jesse Armour Crandall''' (20 Oktoba 1834 – 3 Agosti 1920) alikuwa mvumbuzi na mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alijipatia zaidi ya hataza 150 za vinyago katika kipindi cha miaka 75 ya ubunifu wake.<ref name="popsci-47">{{Cite journal|journal=[[Popular Science]]|volume=47|date=July 1920|page=45}}</ref> Baba yake, Benjamin Potter Crandall, pia alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, kama walivyokuwa pia ndugu zake watatu (Ben...' 1547991 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jesse Armour Crandall''' (20 Oktoba 1834 – 3 Agosti 1920) alikuwa mvumbuzi na mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alijipatia zaidi ya hataza 150 za vinyago katika kipindi cha miaka 75 ya ubunifu wake.<ref name="popsci-47">{{Cite journal|journal=[[Popular Science]]|volume=47|date=July 1920|page=45}}</ref> Baba yake, Benjamin Potter Crandall, pia alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, kama walivyokuwa pia ndugu zake watatu (Benjamin, Charles Thompson na William Edwin).<ref>[[http://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/collections/toys/traditional_toys/rocking_horses/index.html](http://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/collections/toys/traditional_toys/rocking_horses/index.html) Toy Horses] (kutoka tovuti ya [[V&A Museum of Childhood]])</ref> Tofauti na ndugu zake walioendelea kuhusishwa na biashara ya baba yao mjini [[New York City]], Jesse alianzisha kampuni yake binafsi mjini [[Brooklyn]]. Rafiki yake, huenda Henry Ward Beecher, alimpa jina la utani “The Child’s Benefactor”, ambalo lilitumika kama nembo na kauli mbiu ya kazi yake.<ref>{{Cite news|work=[[Brooklyn Daily Eagle]] |date=October 16, 1930|page=21}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1834|1920}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] i312codwus8v1dmfmabz6pasv8epy64 1548284 1547991 2026-05-22T11:48:15Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1548284 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jesse Armour Crandall''' (20 Oktoba 1834 – 3 Agosti 1920) alikuwa mvumbuzi na mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Alijipatia zaidi ya hataza 150 za vinyago katika kipindi cha miaka 75 ya ubunifu wake.<ref name="popsci-47">{{Rejea jarida|journal=[[Popular Science]]|volume=47|date=July 1920|page=45}}</ref> Baba yake, Benjamin Potter Crandall, pia alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, kama walivyokuwa pia ndugu zake watatu (Benjamin, Charles Thompson na William Edwin).<ref>[[http://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/collections/toys/traditional_toys/rocking_horses/index.html](http://www.vam.ac.uk/moc/collections/toys/traditional_toys/rocking_horses/index.html) Toy Horses] (kutoka tovuti ya [[V&A Museum of Childhood]])</ref> Tofauti na ndugu zake walioendelea kuhusishwa na biashara ya baba yao mjini [[New York City]], Jesse alianzisha kampuni yake binafsi mjini [[Brooklyn]]. Rafiki yake, huenda Henry Ward Beecher, alimpa jina la utani “The Child’s Benefactor”, ambalo lilitumika kama nembo na kauli mbiu ya kazi yake.<ref>{{Rejea habari|work=[[Brooklyn Daily Eagle]] |date=October 16, 1930|page=21}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1834|1920}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] lflvc9rafuruudwld9iudea4hf1j8fy 0 237429 1547992 2026-05-22T02:58:24Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mohammed Al Maghrabi''' (Kiarabu: مُحَمَّد الْمَغْرِبِيّ; alizaliwa 19 Aprili 1985) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya [[beki]] wa kulia. Aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Libya mechi 50.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/_/id/168619/muhammad-al-maghrabi|work=www.espn.com|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Mafanikio == === Libya === * [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Kiarabu: mshin...' 1547992 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mohammed Al Maghrabi''' (Kiarabu: مُحَمَّد الْمَغْرِبِيّ; alizaliwa 19 Aprili 1985) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya [[beki]] wa kulia. Aliichezea timu ya taifa ya Libya mechi 50.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/_/id/168619/muhammad-al-maghrabi|work=www.espn.com|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Mafanikio == === Libya === * [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Kiarabu: mshindi wa pili, 2012<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arab Cup 2012 Final: Libya lose 3-1 to Morocco in penalty shoot-outs|url=https://libyaherald.com/2012/07/arab-cup-2012-final-libya-lose-3-1-to-morocco-in-penalty-shoot-outs/|work=LibyaHerald|date=2012-07-07|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=Michel Cousins}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1985]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] thjz9za7nfvdayq4ouaus2etl3t46o5 0 237430 1547994 2026-05-22T02:59:39Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tony Fisher''' ni mbunifu wa mafumbo (puzzle designer) kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye amebobea katika kuunda mafumbo ya mzunguko (rotational puzzles) yaliyobinafsishwa. Anahesabiwa na wapenzi wa “cubing” kama mmoja wa waanzilishi katika kubuni aina mpya za mafumbo na mbinu mpya za utengenezaji. Fisher amefahamika kwa mchango wake mkubwa katika maendeleo ya mafumbo ya aina ya Rubik’s Cube na miundo mingine ya kipekee, ambapo amesaidia kusukuma mbele...' 1547994 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tony Fisher''' ni mbunifu wa mafumbo (puzzle designer) kutoka [[Uingereza]] ambaye amebobea katika kuunda mafumbo ya mzunguko (rotational puzzles) yaliyobinafsishwa. Anahesabiwa na wapenzi wa “cubing” kama mmoja wa waanzilishi katika kubuni aina mpya za mafumbo na mbinu mpya za utengenezaji. Fisher amefahamika kwa mchango wake mkubwa katika maendeleo ya mafumbo ya aina ya Rubik’s Cube na miundo mingine ya kipekee, ambapo amesaidia kusukuma mbele ubunifu katika muundo wa mafumbo na njia za kuyatengeneza.<ref name=Slocum> {{cite book |last=Slocum |first=Jerry |year=2009 |title=The Cube. The Ultimate Guide to the World's Best Selling Puzzles |publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal |isbn=978-1-57912-805-0 |url-access=registration |url=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781579128050](https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781579128050) }}</ref><ref name=Twisty> {{cite web |url=[http://twistypuzzles.com/articles/building-2x2x6/](http://twistypuzzles.com/articles/building-2x2x6/) |title=A Fully Operational 2x2x4 Cube with Uniform Cubies |accessdate=19 July 2014 |publisher=TwistyPuzzles.com }}</ref><ref name=speed> {{cite web |url=[http://www.speedcubing.com/ton/cube_day_2003.htm](http://www.speedcubing.com/ton/cube_day_2003.htm) |title=Dutch Cube Day |accessdate=19 July 2014 |publisher=SpeedCubing.com }} </ref> Mwaka 2017, Guinness World Records ilimtambua Fisher kama mtengenezaji wa Rubik's Cube kubwa zaidi duniani.<ref name=Guinness> {{cite book |year=2018 |title=Guinness World Records 2018 |isbn=978-1-910561-71-3 |last1=Guinness World Records }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] t78q9bcoyyzyykjvlgyeqwu1luxyhp6 0 237431 1547995 2026-05-22T03:01:48Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mahmoud Makhlof''' (Kiarabu: محمود مخلوف; alizaliwa 17 Aprili 1975) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya [[beki]]. Pia alikuwa mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahmoud Makhlouf Shaftar (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3849/Mahmoud_Makhlouf_Shaftar.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Z...' 1547995 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mahmoud Makhlof''' (Kiarabu: محمود مخلوف; alizaliwa 17 Aprili 1975) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya [[beki]]. Pia alikuwa mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mahmoud Makhlouf Shaftar (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3849/Mahmoud_Makhlouf_Shaftar.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Football photographic encyclopedia, footballer, world cup, champions league, football championship, olympic games & hero images by sporting-heroes.net|url=http://www.sporting-heroes.net/football/|work=www.sporting-heroes.net|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1975]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ni07avh5r7phdjbw3lw8b088i34mrav 0 237432 1547996 2026-05-22T03:02:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Earl Kenneth Forsse''' (17 Septemba 1936 – 19 Machi 2014) alikuwa mvumbuzi, mtengenezaji wa vinyago na aliyekuwa mhandisi wa ubunifu wa Disney kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama mvumbuzi wa dubu wa kielektroniki anayeongea, Teddy Ruxpin, ambao ulikuwa miongoni mwa vifaa vya kuchezea vilivyouzwa zaidi nchini Marekani mwaka 1985. Kabla ya mafanikio hayo, Forsse alifanya kazi katika Walt Disney Productions katika uundaji wa baadhi ya vivutio vy...' 1547996 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Earl Kenneth Forsse''' (17 Septemba 1936 – 19 Machi 2014) alikuwa mvumbuzi, mtengenezaji wa vinyago na aliyekuwa mhandisi wa ubunifu wa Disney kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana zaidi kama mvumbuzi wa dubu wa kielektroniki anayeongea, Teddy Ruxpin, ambao ulikuwa miongoni mwa vifaa vya kuchezea vilivyouzwa zaidi nchini Marekani mwaka 1985. Kabla ya mafanikio hayo, Forsse alifanya kazi katika Walt Disney Productions katika uundaji wa baadhi ya vivutio vya mbuga za burudani, kabla ya kuanzisha kampuni yake ya Alchemy II, iliyozalisha Teddy Ruxpin pamoja na miradi mingine, ikiwemo kipindi cha uhuishaji ''The Adventures of Teddy Ruxpin''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alchemy II Makes Technology Cuddly Company Tries to Conjure Up Cash With New Talking Bear |work=The Los Angeles Times|date=November 24, 1985|url=[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-11-24-fi-1921-story.html|accessdate=2010-08-22](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-11-24-fi-1921-story.html|accessdate=2010-08-22) |first=Alan |last=Goldstein}}</ref><ref>Lovable Teddy Ruxpin evolves from toy to animated star of his own half-hour program thanks to Crawley Films, ''Toronto Star'' - October 31, 1987</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1936|2014}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] pwuvc7d5ppcwxq4ytq22fshjk4h7078 0 237433 1547998 2026-05-22T03:04:55Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Paul-Émile Gallant''' (17 Julai 1944 – 13 Septemba 2011) alikuwa mjasiriamali kutoka [[Kanada]] aliyebobea katika biashara, anayejulikana kwa kuendeleza mafumbo ya Puzz 3D ya nafasi ya pande tatu aina ya jigsaw puzzle.<ref name=tg>{{cite news|title=Famous Puzz 3D Inventor Dies at 67|url=[http://toysandgamesmagazine.ca/9404/famous-puzz-3d-inventor-dies-at-67/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923144535/http://toysandgamesmagazine.ca/9404/fa...' 1547998 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul-Émile Gallant''' (17 Julai 1944 – 13 Septemba 2011) alikuwa mjasiriamali kutoka [[Kanada]] aliyebobea katika biashara, anayejulikana kwa kuendeleza mafumbo ya Puzz 3D ya nafasi ya pande tatu aina ya jigsaw puzzle.<ref name=tg>{{cite news|title=Famous Puzz 3D Inventor Dies at 67|url=[http://toysandgamesmagazine.ca/9404/famous-puzz-3d-inventor-dies-at-67/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923144535/http://toysandgamesmagazine.ca/9404/famous-puzz-3d-inventor-dies-at-67/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-09-23|work=Toys](http://toysandgamesmagazine.ca/9404/famous-puzz-3d-inventor-dies-at-67/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923144535/http://toysandgamesmagazine.ca/9404/famous-puzz-3d-inventor-dies-at-67/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-09-23|work=Toys) & Games Magazine|publisher=Playtonic Communications|date=2011-09-14|access-date=2011-09-24}}</ref> Pia anasifika kwa kuvumbua Wrebbit Puzzle Machine, ambayo baadaye ilijulikana kama Puzzle Shots Factory, pamoja na Perfalock, aina ya mafumbo ya povu (foam puzzle) ya kulalia.<ref name=tia>{{cite news |title=Paul Gallant, Inventor of Puzz-3D and Founder of Wrebbit, Inc., Dies at Age 67 |url=[http://www.toyassociation.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=16311&TEMPLATE=/CM/HTMLDisplay.cfm](http://www.toyassociation.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=16311&TEMPLATE=/CM/HTMLDisplay.cfm) |work=Toys Industry Association, Inc. |date=2011-09-20 |access-date=2011-09-24 |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120326030554/http://www.toyassociation.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=16311&TEMPLATE=%2FCM%2FHTMLDisplay.cfm](https://web.archive.org/web/20120326030554/http://www.toyassociation.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=16311&TEMPLATE=%2FCM%2FHTMLDisplay.cfm) |archive-date=2012-03-26 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|2011}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Kanada]] cud1xck4kdmzsqj0j95wwkcebnnlnuw 0 237434 1547999 2026-05-22T03:05:37Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ahmed Faraj Hussein Al Masli''' (Kiarabu: أَحْمَد فَرَج حُسَيْن الْمَصْلِيّ; alizaliwa 4 Machi 1979) alikuwa [[mwanasoka]] wa kimataifa wa Libya. == Kazi ya soka == Kwa kufunga bao dhidi ya Al Hilal tarehe 21 Novemba 2008, Al Masli aliweka rekodi ya kuwa [[mchezaji]] wa kwanza kufunga dhidi ya kila timu iliyoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Libya. Baada ya misimu mizuri akiwa na Ahly Benghazi kuanzia 2008 hadi 2010, ilitangazwa kuwa [...' 1547999 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Faraj Hussein Al Masli''' (Kiarabu: أَحْمَد فَرَج حُسَيْن الْمَصْلِيّ; alizaliwa 4 Machi 1979) alikuwa [[mwanasoka]] wa kimataifa wa Libya. == Kazi ya soka == Kwa kufunga bao dhidi ya Al Hilal tarehe 21 Novemba 2008, Al Masli aliweka rekodi ya kuwa [[mchezaji]] wa kwanza kufunga dhidi ya kila timu iliyoshiriki Ligi Kuu ya Libya. Baada ya misimu mizuri akiwa na Ahly Benghazi kuanzia 2008 hadi 2010, ilitangazwa kuwa [[klabu]] ya El-Entag El-Harby ya Ligi Kuu ya Misri ilimsajili kwa mkataba wa miaka miwili. Tarehe 27 Desemba 2011, klabu ya Club Athlétique Bizertin ya Tunisia ilimsajili mshambuliaji huyo kwa mkataba wa mwaka mmoja na nusu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Faraj Al-Masli (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3847/Ahmed_Faraj_Al_Masli.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5ufvjpg0co8bxgdqfvom4lj5jycaw1i 0 237435 1548001 2026-05-22T03:08:37Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Moataz Al-Mehdi''' (Kiarabu: معتز المهدي; alizaliwa 9 Agosti 1990) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea klabu ya Al-Ahli Tripoli katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya pamoja na [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya kama mshambuliaji.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eurosport is not available in your region|url=https://www.eurosport.fr/geoblocking.shtml|work=www.eurosport.fr|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} Jamii:Waliozal...' 1548001 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Moataz Al-Mehdi''' (Kiarabu: معتز المهدي; alizaliwa 9 Agosti 1990) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea klabu ya Al-Ahli Tripoli katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya pamoja na [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya kama mshambuliaji.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eurosport is not available in your region|url=https://www.eurosport.fr/geoblocking.shtml|work=www.eurosport.fr|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1990]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ejpraoohmaqisywwqx81sdwys2q1s3x 0 237436 1548002 2026-05-22T03:08:54Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stanley J. Fudro''' (6 Mei 1918 – 30 Desemba 2008) alikuwa Stanley J. Fudro mfanyabiashara wa [[Marekani]], mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, na mwanasiasa. Fudro alizaliwa [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] na alihitimu kutoka Edison High School mwaka 1939. Alitumikia katika United States Coast Guard wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia. Baadaye alisoma katika University of St. Thomas na University of Minnesota. Fudro alikuwa mmiliki wa kampuni ya Marla To...' 1548002 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stanley J. Fudro''' (6 Mei 1918 – 30 Desemba 2008) alikuwa Stanley J. Fudro mfanyabiashara wa [[Marekani]], mtengenezaji wa vifaa vya kuchezea, na mwanasiasa. Fudro alizaliwa [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] na alihitimu kutoka Edison High School mwaka 1939. Alitumikia katika United States Coast Guard wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia. Baadaye alisoma katika University of St. Thomas na University of Minnesota. Fudro alikuwa mmiliki wa kampuni ya Marla Toy Company na pia alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea. Mbali na kazi ya biashara, alihusika pia katika ujenzi wa nyumba na alikuwa mshiriki katika chama cha wafanyakazi wa useremala (carpenters labor union). Pia aliwahi kuhudumu katika Minnesota House of Representatives kuanzia mwaka 1957 hadi 1980 akiwa mwanachama wa Chama cha Kidemokrasia.<ref>[[https://www.startribune.com/furdo-was-a-colorful-toymaker-and-politician/37070559/?refresh=true](https://www.startribune.com/furdo-was-a-colorful-toymaker-and-politician/37070559/?refresh=true) Furdo was a colorful toymaker and politician], startribune.com. Accessed March 23, 2024.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1918|2008}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 1odxpa8tn965j06adiwexbzhv90x0yk 0 237437 1548003 2026-05-22T03:11:44Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Guma Mousa''' (alizaliwa 1 Januari 1978 nchini Libya)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Ahly Tripoli kama kipa. Pia ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya, na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Libya katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika mwaka 2012 kama mchezaji wa...' 1548003 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guma Mousa''' (alizaliwa 1 Januari 1978 nchini Libya)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Ahly Tripoli kama kipa. Pia ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya, na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Libya katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika mwaka 2012 kama mchezaji wa akiba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Libya 2 - 1 Senegal Match report - 1/30/12 Africa Cup of Nations - Goal.com|url=http://www.goal.com/en-my/match/69927/libya-vs-senegal/report|work=www.goal.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-my}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] f2x5w20a8onxx9a85m54arpnsb5cybs 1548257 1548003 2026-05-22T11:22:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1548257 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guma Mousa''' (alizaliwa 1 Januari 1978 nchini Libya)<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Ahly Tripoli kama kipa. Pia ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya, na alikuwa sehemu ya kikosi cha Libya katika [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya Afrika mwaka 2012 kama mchezaji wa akiba.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Libya 2 - 1 Senegal Match report - 1/30/12 Africa Cup of Nations - Goal.com|url=http://www.goal.com/en-my/match/69927/libya-vs-senegal/report|work=www.goal.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-my}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1978]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gymk1m4avrf3p7ianj8mcg3h6r72xrx 0 237438 1548004 2026-05-22T03:12:00Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alfred Carlton Gilbert''' (15 Februari<ref>Gilbert, Alfred Carlton. (1954). ''The Man who Lives in Paradise: The Autobiography of A. C. Gilbert''. Rhinehart. p. 6</ref> 1884 – 24 Januari 1961) alikuwa mvumbuzi, mwanamichezo (riadha), mcheza maajabu, mtengenezaji wa vinyago na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]]. Akiwa mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya A. C. Gilbert Company, Gilbert alijulikana kwa kuvumbua seti ya ujenzi ya Erector Set na treni za American Fly...' 1548004 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alfred Carlton Gilbert''' (15 Februari<ref>Gilbert, Alfred Carlton. (1954). ''The Man who Lives in Paradise: The Autobiography of A. C. Gilbert''. Rhinehart. p. 6</ref> 1884 – 24 Januari 1961) alikuwa mvumbuzi, mwanamichezo (riadha), mcheza maajabu, mtengenezaji wa vinyago na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]]. Akiwa mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya A. C. Gilbert Company, Gilbert alijulikana kwa kuvumbua seti ya ujenzi ya Erector Set na treni za American Flyer Trains.<ref>{{cite web|url=[https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/78453](https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/78453) |title=Alfred Carlton Gilbert |work=Olympedia |access-date=13 March 2021}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1884|1961}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] t6whm3cvpegc2jb3fegwi3qkvf8i3ec 0 237439 1548005 2026-05-22T03:15:03Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Rabee Al Msellati''' (alizaliwa 22 Februari 1983 nchini Libya) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayeshika nafasi ya [[beki]]. Anachezea klabu ya Rafik katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya. Alifanya debut yake kwa timu ya taifa ya Libya kama mchezaji wa akiba katika [[mechi]] ya kirafiki dhidi ya Ukraine tarehe 5 Juni 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International Friendly Matches 2006|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesf/friend-intres2006.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=...' 1548005 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rabee Al Msellati''' (alizaliwa 22 Februari 1983 nchini Libya) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayeshika nafasi ya [[beki]]. Anachezea klabu ya Rafik katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya. Alifanya debut yake kwa timu ya taifa ya Libya kama mchezaji wa akiba katika [[mechi]] ya kirafiki dhidi ya Ukraine tarehe 5 Juni 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|title=International Friendly Matches 2006|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesf/friend-intres2006.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0uxy09sw67sa9azhmgj90ijsmfx2hc4 0 237440 1548006 2026-05-22T03:16:06Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Eddy Goldfarb''' (amezaliwa kama '''Adolph Goldfarb'''; 5 Septemba 1921) ni mvumbuzi wa [[Marekani]] wa vifaa vya kuchezea. Amebuni zaidi ya vichezeo 800,<ref name="hundred">{{Cite magazine|url=[https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-new-yorker-documentary/inside-the-workshop-of-a-classic-toy-inventor-in-eddys-world](https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-new-yorker-documentary/inside-the-workshop-of-a-classic-toy-inventor-in-eddys-world) |last1=Crouch |...' 1548006 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eddy Goldfarb''' (amezaliwa kama '''Adolph Goldfarb'''; 5 Septemba 1921) ni mvumbuzi wa [[Marekani]] wa vifaa vya kuchezea. Amebuni zaidi ya vichezeo 800,<ref name="hundred">{{Cite magazine|url=[https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-new-yorker-documentary/inside-the-workshop-of-a-classic-toy-inventor-in-eddys-world](https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-new-yorker-documentary/inside-the-workshop-of-a-classic-toy-inventor-in-eddys-world) |last1=Crouch |first1=Ian |title=Inside the Workshop of a Classic-Toy Inventor, in "Eddy's World" |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=14 December 2020 |access-date=4 September 2021 |language=en-us}}</ref> na anajulikana zaidi kwa kubuni vichezeo kama meno yanayong’ata ya kuongea (Yakity Yak Talking Teeth), Battling Tops, KerPlunk, Stompers, na Vac-U-Form. Pia ni mhusika mkuu katika filamu fupi iliyoshinda tuzo iitwayo ''Eddy's World''. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1921|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q2fur8kq74x82aemybp54ighlwaecaz 0 237441 1548007 2026-05-22T03:22:42Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Michael Joaquin Grey''' (amezaliwa 1961 huko Los Angeles) ni msanii, mvumbuzi na mwalimu kutoka [[Marekani]] anayeishi New York City. Grey ana Shahada ya Sanaa (BA) katika Sanaa na Shahada ya Sayansi (BS) katika Genetics kutoka University of California, Berkeley (1984), pamoja na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa Nzuri (MFA) katika sanamu (sculpture) kutoka [[Yale University]] (1990). Yeye ndiye mvumbuzi wa ZOOB, mfumo wa uundaji wa vinyago ulioshinda tuzo m...' 1548007 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Michael Joaquin Grey''' (amezaliwa 1961 huko Los Angeles) ni msanii, mvumbuzi na mwalimu kutoka [[Marekani]] anayeishi New York City. Grey ana Shahada ya Sanaa (BA) katika Sanaa na Shahada ya Sayansi (BS) katika Genetics kutoka University of California, Berkeley (1984), pamoja na Shahada ya Uzamili ya Sanaa Nzuri (MFA) katika sanamu (sculpture) kutoka [[Yale University]] (1990). Yeye ndiye mvumbuzi wa ZOOB, mfumo wa uundaji wa vinyago ulioshinda tuzo mbalimbali.<ref>[[https://www.plasticstoday.com/plastics-processing/tool-program-for-zoob-takes-coordination](https://www.plasticstoday.com/plastics-processing/tool-program-for-zoob-takes-coordination) Tool program for Zoob takes coordination]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Joaquin Grey. ZOOB play system. 1993-1996 {{!}} MoMA |url=[https://www.moma.org/collection/works/132507](https://www.moma.org/collection/works/132507) |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=The Museum of Modern Art |language=en}}</ref> Kazi yake ya sanaa inachunguza uhusiano kati ya genetics, [[lugha]] na asili ya umbo (form), na imeonyeshwa katika maonyesho mbalimbali ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1961|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 4oodfj8awqc7xua0mqkd4sxm92okvks 0 237442 1548008 2026-05-22T03:23:10Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Melesio "Mel" Casas''' ([[Novemba 24]], [[1929]] – [[Novemba 30]], [[2014]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], mwanaharakati, [[mwandishi]], na mwalimu nchini [[Marekani]].Anajulikana zaidi kwa mzunguko wa picha kubwa, changamano anazoziita ''Humanscapes'', zilizochorwa kati ya mwaka [[1965]] na [[1989]].<ref name=":23">Cordova, Ruben C. (2015) "Getting the Big Picture: Mel Casas and the Politics of the 1960s and 1970s" (exhibition brochure), San Antonio: Guadalupe...' 1548008 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Melesio "Mel" Casas''' ([[Novemba 24]], [[1929]] – [[Novemba 30]], [[2014]]) alikuwa [[msanii]], mwanaharakati, [[mwandishi]], na mwalimu nchini [[Marekani]].Anajulikana zaidi kwa mzunguko wa picha kubwa, changamano anazoziita ''Humanscapes'', zilizochorwa kati ya mwaka [[1965]] na [[1989]].<ref name=":23">Cordova, Ruben C. (2015) "Getting the Big Picture: Mel Casas and the Politics of the 1960s and 1970s" (exhibition brochure), San Antonio: Guadalupe Cultural Arts Center, June 5-October 24.</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1929]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2014]] lmosj4ptba70j2zo40n4mot94id03kd 0 237443 1548009 2026-05-22T03:26:37Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tim Cantor''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 10]], [[1969]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Marekani]].Alilelewa [[Marin County]], [[California]] na alianza uchoraji wa kutumia mafuta akiwa na umri wa miaka mitano. Mwaka [[2014]], alianza kufanya kazi na bendi ya ''Imagine Dragons'' kwa ajili ya albamu yao ya pili ya ''Smoke + Mirrors'', akiunda jalada na picha 13 za ziada zinazohusiana na kila wimbo wa albamu hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tim Cantor |url=h...' 1548009 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tim Cantor''' (alizaliwa [[Agosti 10]], [[1969]]) ni [[msanii]] na [[mwandishi]] nchini [[Marekani]].Alilelewa [[Marin County]], [[California]] na alianza uchoraji wa kutumia mafuta akiwa na umri wa miaka mitano. Mwaka [[2014]], alianza kufanya kazi na bendi ya ''Imagine Dragons'' kwa ajili ya albamu yao ya pili ya ''Smoke + Mirrors'', akiunda jalada na picha 13 za ziada zinazohusiana na kila wimbo wa albamu hiyo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tim Cantor |url=https://floodmagazine.com/t/tim-cantor/ |access-date=2026-04-08 |website=FLOOD |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wachoraji wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1969]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 0inhdwgwyvuxx1fe1ul5pfmw96znwwn 0 237444 1548010 2026-05-22T03:32:11Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Benjamin Rollins Caldwell''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 12]], [[1983]]) ni [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]] aliyejulikana zaidi kwa vipande vyake vya kipekee na miradi maalum iliyotumia vitu vya kila siku na nyenzo kuunda vipande vya kipekee vya thamani katika sanaa yake. Anaishi Inman, [[Carolina Kusini]] na anamiliki studio inayoitwa BRC Designs.<ref>Lasane, Andrew [http://www.complex.com/art-design/2013/11/lady-gaga-artrave-chair-is-every-geeks-fantasy Lady...' 1548010 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Benjamin Rollins Caldwell''' (alizaliwa [[Septemba 12]], [[1983]]) ni [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]] aliyejulikana zaidi kwa vipande vyake vya kipekee na miradi maalum iliyotumia vitu vya kila siku na nyenzo kuunda vipande vya kipekee vya thamani katika sanaa yake. Anaishi Inman, [[Carolina Kusini]] na anamiliki studio inayoitwa BRC Designs.<ref>Lasane, Andrew [http://www.complex.com/art-design/2013/11/lady-gaga-artrave-chair-is-every-geeks-fantasy Lady Gaga's ArtRave Chair Is Every Geek's Fantasy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113012630/http://www.complex.com/art-design/2013/11/lady-gaga-artrave-chair-is-every-geeks-fantasy |date=2013-11-13 }} | Complex, Nov. 7, 2013</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] izlasasl9o29stde0r11ia48ii4h45i 0 237445 1548011 2026-05-22T03:37:51Z Jolvin Joel 68047 nimeunda kurasa mpya 1548011 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joy Grant-Ekong''' ambaye awali alijulikana kama Joy Aiyegbeni<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=8 interesting facts you didn’t know about popular movie producer – Joy Grant-Ekong – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2023/02/04/8-interesting-facts-you-didnt-know-about-popular-movie-producer-joy-grant-ekong/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> ni mtayarishaji wa televisheni na filamu, mkurugenzi<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 10 movie producers in Nollywood|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/12/05/top-10-movie-producers-in-nollywood/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref>, msimamizi wa hati na mshauri wa uzalishaji kutoka [[Nigeria]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 5 Leading female movie producers in Nigeria|url=https://thesun.ng/top-5-leading-female-movie-producers-in-nigeria/|work=The Sun Nigeria|date=2021-03-04|accessdate=2026-05-22|author=sunnews}}</ref> anayejulikana kwa filamu yake ya ''Mama Drama'' ''ya mwaka 2020'' <ref>{{Cite web|title=Top movies produced & directed by award winning Joy Grant-Ekong|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/top-movies-produced-directed-by-award-winning-joy-grant-ekong/|work=Tribune Online|date=2021-08-14|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Tribune Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 10 Nigeria movie producers in 2021|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/top-10-nigeria-movie-producers-in-2021/|work=The Nation Newspaper|date=2021-04-05|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=Our Reporter}}</ref> na ''One Too Many''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=First Look at the forthcoming film “One Too Many” starring Jide Kosoko, Omowunmi Dada & Dakore Akande|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/04/one-too-many-nollywood-film/|work=BellaNaija|date=2021-04-08|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=BellaNaija.com}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Joy Grant-Ekong alizaliwa katika mji wa Lagos, Nigeria.<ref name=":0" /> Alianza utayarishaji mwaka [[2003]] alipojiunga na kundi la maigizo la Ojo Ladipo na kisha akahamia kwa ''Wale Adenuga Productions'' kama meneja mwendelezo wa matukio.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Meet Joy Grant-Ekong: Female movie producers changing the narrative {{!}} Daily Times Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|url=https://dailytimesng.com/meet-joy-grant-ekong-female-movie-producers-changing-the-narrative/|work=DAILY TIMES Nigeria|date=2022-03-04|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Ihesiulo Grace}}</ref> Joy Grant-Ekong alijiunga na tamthilia ya kila siku ya M-Net yenye kamera nyingi iitwayo ''Tinsel'' kuanzia msimu wa pili na akawa mkuu wa idara ya wasaidizi wa mkurugenzi hadi msimu wa nne.<ref name=":1" /> == Kazi == Mnamo mwaka [[2016]], alitengeneza filamu inayoitwa ''Babysitting Ejiro'', filamu ya M-Net iliyoandikwa na Victor Sanchez Aghahowa, na filamu inayoitwa ''InLine'' iliyoongozwa na Tope Oshin, ambayo ilirushwa hewani katika sinema kote nchini mnamo mwaka [[2017]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Top movies produced & directed by award winning Joy Grant-Ekong|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/top-movies-produced-directed-by-award-winning-joy-grant-ekong/|work=Tribune Online|date=2021-08-14|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Tribune Online}}</ref> Joy Grant-Ekong alitengeneza filamu ndefu ya ''Mama Drama and Echoes'' mwaka [[2019]].<ref name=":2" /> Mnamo mwaka 2020, alitengeneza ''Hell Ride'', ambayo ilishinda tuzo ya filamu bora ya kimataifa katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Nollywood la Toronto la [[2022]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joy Grant-Ekong wins big at the Toronto International Nollywood Film Festival (TINFF)|url=https://guardian.ng/art/joy-grant-ekong-wins-big-at-the-toronto-international-nollywood-film-festival-tinff/|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|date=2022-11-10|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Kobor Amos}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2020]], alitajwa miongoni mwa wazalishaji wa filamu waliounda tasnia ya filamu ya Nigeria na Vanguard.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joy Grant-Ekong, Bolaji Amusan, others, among movie producers shaping Nigerian film industry|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/03/joy-grant-ekong-bolaji-amusan-others-among-movie-producers-shaping-nigerian-film-industry/|work=Vanguard News|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Temisan Amoye}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2021]], alitayarisha filamu ya One Too Many.<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/positive-reviews-of-one-too-many-excites-grant-ekong/ </ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=My new movie shows there’s hope Nigeria — Grant-Ekong|url=https://punchng.com/my-new-movie-shows-theres-hope-nigeria-grant-ekong/|work=Punch Newspapers|date=2022-11-12|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=Kehinde Ajose}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] q6uul76z7ol6yee2ps2bgprs6hq4nn4 1548292 1548011 2026-05-22T11:56:03Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 11 template(s) replaced. 1548292 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joy Grant-Ekong''' ambaye awali alijulikana kama Joy Aiyegbeni<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=8 interesting facts you didn’t know about popular movie producer – Joy Grant-Ekong – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/2023/02/04/8-interesting-facts-you-didnt-know-about-popular-movie-producer-joy-grant-ekong/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> ni mtayarishaji wa televisheni na filamu, mkurugenzi<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Top 10 movie producers in Nollywood|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/12/05/top-10-movie-producers-in-nollywood/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref>, msimamizi wa hati na mshauri wa uzalishaji kutoka [[Nigeria]],<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Top 5 Leading female movie producers in Nigeria|url=https://thesun.ng/top-5-leading-female-movie-producers-in-nigeria/|work=The Sun Nigeria|date=2021-03-04|accessdate=2026-05-22|author=sunnews}}</ref> anayejulikana kwa filamu yake ya ''Mama Drama'' ''ya mwaka 2020'' <ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Top movies produced & directed by award winning Joy Grant-Ekong|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/top-movies-produced-directed-by-award-winning-joy-grant-ekong/|work=Tribune Online|date=2021-08-14|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Tribune Online}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Top 10 Nigeria movie producers in 2021|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/top-10-nigeria-movie-producers-in-2021/|work=The Nation Newspaper|date=2021-04-05|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=Our Reporter}}</ref> na ''One Too Many''.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=First Look at the forthcoming film “One Too Many” starring Jide Kosoko, Omowunmi Dada & Dakore Akande|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/04/one-too-many-nollywood-film/|work=BellaNaija|date=2021-04-08|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=BellaNaija.com}}</ref> == Maisha ya Awali == Joy Grant-Ekong alizaliwa katika mji wa Lagos, Nigeria.<ref name=":0" /> Alianza utayarishaji mwaka [[2003]] alipojiunga na kundi la maigizo la Ojo Ladipo na kisha akahamia kwa ''Wale Adenuga Productions'' kama meneja mwendelezo wa matukio.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Meet Joy Grant-Ekong: Female movie producers changing the narrative {{!}} Daily Times Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|url=https://dailytimesng.com/meet-joy-grant-ekong-female-movie-producers-changing-the-narrative/|work=DAILY TIMES Nigeria|date=2022-03-04|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Ihesiulo Grace}}</ref> Joy Grant-Ekong alijiunga na tamthilia ya kila siku ya M-Net yenye kamera nyingi iitwayo ''Tinsel'' kuanzia msimu wa pili na akawa mkuu wa idara ya wasaidizi wa mkurugenzi hadi msimu wa nne.<ref name=":1" /> == Kazi == Mnamo mwaka [[2016]], alitengeneza filamu inayoitwa ''Babysitting Ejiro'', filamu ya M-Net iliyoandikwa na Victor Sanchez Aghahowa, na filamu inayoitwa ''InLine'' iliyoongozwa na Tope Oshin, ambayo ilirushwa hewani katika sinema kote nchini mnamo mwaka [[2017]].<ref name=":2">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Top movies produced & directed by award winning Joy Grant-Ekong|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/top-movies-produced-directed-by-award-winning-joy-grant-ekong/|work=Tribune Online|date=2021-08-14|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Tribune Online}}</ref> Joy Grant-Ekong alitengeneza filamu ndefu ya ''Mama Drama and Echoes'' mwaka [[2019]].<ref name=":2" /> Mnamo mwaka 2020, alitengeneza ''Hell Ride'', ambayo ilishinda tuzo ya filamu bora ya kimataifa katika Tamasha la Filamu la Kimataifa la Nollywood la Toronto la [[2022]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Joy Grant-Ekong wins big at the Toronto International Nollywood Film Festival (TINFF)|url=https://guardian.ng/art/joy-grant-ekong-wins-big-at-the-toronto-international-nollywood-film-festival-tinff/|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|date=2022-11-10|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Kobor Amos}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2020]], alitajwa miongoni mwa wazalishaji wa filamu waliounda tasnia ya filamu ya Nigeria na Vanguard.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Joy Grant-Ekong, Bolaji Amusan, others, among movie producers shaping Nigerian film industry|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/03/joy-grant-ekong-bolaji-amusan-others-among-movie-producers-shaping-nigerian-film-industry/|work=Vanguard News|date=2022-03-08|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-GB|author=Temisan Amoye}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka [[2021]], alitayarisha filamu ya One Too Many.<ref>https://thenationonlineng.net/positive-reviews-of-one-too-many-excites-grant-ekong/ </ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=My new movie shows there’s hope Nigeria — Grant-Ekong|url=https://punchng.com/my-new-movie-shows-theres-hope-nigeria-grant-ekong/|work=Punch Newspapers|date=2022-11-12|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=Kehinde Ajose}}</ref> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] i2r1u2tzxa1tp2cqcedt8hq1atps20j 0 237446 1548012 2026-05-22T03:45:27Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Arafa Ammar Nakuaa''' (Kiarabu: عرفه الناكوع; alizaliwa 23 Januari 1982) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Ittihad katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya na pia ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya. Alifanya maonyesho mawili kama mchezaji wa akiba katika Mashindano ya CHAN ya mwaka 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Nations Championship 2009 - Details|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/09anch-det.html|...' 1548012 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arafa Ammar Nakuaa''' (Kiarabu: عرفه الناكوع; alizaliwa 23 Januari 1982) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Ittihad katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya na pia ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya. Alifanya maonyesho mawili kama mchezaji wa akiba katika Mashindano ya CHAN ya mwaka 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African Nations Championship 2009 - Details|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tables/09anch-det.html|work=www.rsssf.org|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 8q1txhjpj801pwq3fz68gbb2qi4lixu 0 237447 1548013 2026-05-22T03:45:37Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Jason Daniel Polan''' ([[Julai 17]], [[1982]] – [[Januari 27]], [[2020]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]] aliyejikita katika [[Jiji la New York]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa mradi wake ''Every Person in New York'', ambapo alijaribu kuchora kila mtu jijini. Wakati wa kifo chake akiwa na umri wa miaka 37, alikuwa amekamilisha zaidi ya picha 50,000.<ref name="NYTobit">{{cite news |last=Genzlinger |first=Neil |title=Jason Polan, Who Tried to Draw Every...' 1548013 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jason Daniel Polan''' ([[Julai 17]], [[1982]] – [[Januari 27]], [[2020]]) alikuwa [[msanii]] nchini [[Marekani]] aliyejikita katika [[Jiji la New York]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa mradi wake ''Every Person in New York'', ambapo alijaribu kuchora kila mtu jijini. Wakati wa kifo chake akiwa na umri wa miaka 37, alikuwa amekamilisha zaidi ya picha 50,000.<ref name="NYTobit">{{cite news |last=Genzlinger |first=Neil |title=Jason Polan, Who Tried to Draw Every Person in New York, Dies at 37 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/27/arts/jason-polan-dead.html|newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 28, 2020 |access-date=September 4, 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2020]] i9eea22i39oozsjno8p9gbalgq6h343 0 237448 1548015 2026-05-22T03:49:10Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ahmed Saad Suleiman Osman''' (Kiarabu: أَحْمَد سَعْد سُلَيْمَان عُثْمَان; alizaliwa 7 Agosti 1979) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Alikuwa mchezaji wa mwisho katika [[klabu]] ya Club Africain ya Tunisia katika Ligi Kuu ya Tunisia, na pia aliiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Libya. Alicheza katika Mashindano ya CHAN mwaka 2009 na pia alishiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya A...' 1548015 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmed Saad Suleiman Osman''' (Kiarabu: أَحْمَد سَعْد سُلَيْمَان عُثْمَان; alizaliwa 7 Agosti 1979) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya mshambuliaji. Alikuwa mchezaji wa mwisho katika [[klabu]] ya Club Africain ya Tunisia katika Ligi Kuu ya Tunisia, na pia aliiwakilisha timu ya taifa ya Libya. Alicheza katika Mashindano ya CHAN mwaka 2009 na pia alishiriki Kombe la Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] mwaka 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Saad Osman (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3848/Ahmed_Saad_Osman.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ahmed Osman » Profile|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe70187/ahmed-osman/|work=worldfootball.net|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] j1f8y2acffgj524l72ah33npuoki0ec 0 237449 1548016 2026-05-22T03:52:21Z Ally0111 85292 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Harold D. Prewitt Jr.''' (alizaliwa [[Oktoba 1]], [[1954]] huko Hutchinson, [[Kansas]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], [[mvumbuzi]], [[msanii]], na dereva wa mbio za magari nchini [[Marekani]].<ref name="1990 Ad for CPR Series™">{{cite web|url=http://www.coreinternational.info/1990_AD_IAS.pdf|website=coreinternational.info|publisher=[[Core International]]|title=1990 Ad for CPR Series™|access-date=November 18, 2016|archive-date=November 19, 2016|archive-url=...' 1548016 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Harold D. Prewitt Jr.''' (alizaliwa [[Oktoba 1]], [[1954]] huko Hutchinson, [[Kansas]]) ni [[mfanyabiashara]], [[mvumbuzi]], [[msanii]], na dereva wa mbio za magari nchini [[Marekani]].<ref name="1990 Ad for CPR Series™">{{cite web|url=http://www.coreinternational.info/1990_AD_IAS.pdf|website=coreinternational.info|publisher=[[Core International]]|title=1990 Ad for CPR Series™|access-date=November 18, 2016|archive-date=November 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119055101/http://www.coreinternational.info/1990_AD_IAS.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="1991 IAS™ Total Data Management">{{cite web |title=1991 IAS™ Total Data Management |url=http://www.coreinternational.info/1989-1992_IAS_Total_Data_Management.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119055049/http://www.coreinternational.info/1989-1992_IAS_Total_Data_Management.pdf |archive-date=November 19, 2016 |access-date=November 18, 2016 |website=coreinternational.info |publisher=[[Core International]]}}</ref> Wakati wa miaka ya [[1970]] na [[1980]], alifanya kazi katika maendeleo ya programu na vifaa vya kompyuta za kibinafsi kwa mifumo ya IBM ya kompyuta ndogo. Alianzisha na kusimamia kampuni kadhaa za teknolojia, ikiwemo Core International. Alihudumu kama Kamishna wa mji wa Manalapan, [[Florida]] mwaka [[2001]].<ref name="Whiz kid">{{cite news |date=August 1, 1987 |title=Hal Prewitt; a computer whiz kid challenges the big boys |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-6378228.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106075453/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-6378228.html |archive-date=November 6, 2013 |access-date=October 30, 2013 |publisher=[[Florida Trend]] |via=[[HighBeam Research]]}}</ref><ref name="Boyhood dream">{{cite web |title=Boyhood dream becomes a reality for entrepreneur |url=http://coreinternational.info/SFBJ_June_88.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721193051/http://www.coreinternational.info/SFBJ_June_88.pdf |archive-date=July 21, 2011 |access-date=January 31, 2010 |work=[[South Florida Business Journal]]}}</ref><ref name="Japanese Buy Core International">{{cite web |last=Barton |first=Christopher |date=June 24, 1993 |title=Japanese company buys out Core International |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ulRUAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=hal+prewitt&article_id=2804,4016715&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj3w9Ocr5CQAxW6v4kEHcttF_UQ6AF6BAgMEAM#v=onepage&q=hal%20prewitt&f=false |access-date=October 6, 2025 |publisher=[[Boca Raton News]]}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Wafanyabiashara wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wavumbuzi wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Wasanii wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1954]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nabdk5pr3nmayg6uqegj6oaeryj0tjp 0 237450 1548017 2026-05-22T03:52:46Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Walid Ali Osman''' (Kiarabu: وليد عصمان; alizaliwa 28 Februari 1977) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayeshika nafasi ya [[beki]]. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Ittihad katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya na pia ni mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Walid Ali Osman (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3851/Walid_Ali_Osman.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack...' 1548017 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walid Ali Osman''' (Kiarabu: وليد عصمان; alizaliwa 28 Februari 1977) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayeshika nafasi ya [[beki]]. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Ittihad katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya na pia ni mchezaji wa timu ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Walid Ali Osman (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3851/Walid_Ali_Osman.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Football photographic encyclopedia, footballer, world cup, champions league, football championship, olympic games & hero images by sporting-heroes.net|url=http://www.sporting-heroes.net/football/|work=www.sporting-heroes.net|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] 61vqkzwb3pdf9mjyzdot039jrqr4thv 0 237451 1548018 2026-05-22T03:55:22Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ali Khalifa Rahuma''' (Kiarabu: علي ارحومه; alizaliwa 16 Mei 1982) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Ittihad na pia ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Khalifa Rahuma (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/11543/Ali_Khalifa_Rahuma.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref...' 1548018 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali Khalifa Rahuma''' (Kiarabu: علي ارحومه; alizaliwa 16 Mei 1982) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Ittihad na pia ni mchezaji wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Khalifa Rahuma (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/11543/Ali_Khalifa_Rahuma.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1982]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] mjeetrfm4qmww8w8p1hmup8y1m71exr 0 237452 1548020 2026-05-22T03:56:25Z Jolvin Joel 68047 nimeunda kurasa mpya 1548020 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gahité Fofana''' (alizaliwa 1965 nchini [[Ufaransa]]) ni mkurugenzi wa filamu, mtayarishaji, mhariri wa filamu, mwigizaji na mwandishi wa filamu kutoka [[Gine]], ambaye alisoma fasihi na utengenezaji wa filamu huko [[Paris]]. Alianza kama muundaji wa filamu za makala, baadaye aliandika, akaelekeza na kutengeneza filamu za makala.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Africiné - Gahité Fofana|url=https://www.africine.org/personne/gahite-fofana/3270|work=Africiné|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fofana, Gahité {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc.|url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/gahite-fofana/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> == Tuzo == Fofana alishinda Tuzo Maalum za Majaji katika Tamasha la Filamu la Venice mwaka [[1996]] kwa filamu ''Une parole'', ''un visage'' and ''Tèmèdy'' na katika Tamasha la Kimataifa la Festival International du Film Francophone de Namur mwaka [[2001]] kwa filamu ya ''I.T.- Immatriculation temporaire''.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] hcz9lid77dgip6nersutu5rzh9j61vp 1548241 1548020 2026-05-22T11:13:05Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1548241 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gahité Fofana''' (alizaliwa 1965 nchini [[Ufaransa]]) ni mkurugenzi wa filamu, mtayarishaji, mhariri wa filamu, mwigizaji na mwandishi wa filamu kutoka [[Gine]], ambaye alisoma fasihi na utengenezaji wa filamu huko [[Paris]]. Alianza kama muundaji wa filamu za makala, baadaye aliandika, akaelekeza na kutengeneza filamu za makala.<ref name=":0">{{Rejea tovuti|title=Africiné - Gahité Fofana|url=https://www.africine.org/personne/gahite-fofana/3270|work=Africiné|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Fofana, Gahité {{!}} African Film Festival, Inc.|url=https://africanfilmny.org/directors/gahite-fofana/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> == Tuzo == Fofana alishinda Tuzo Maalum za Majaji katika Tamasha la Filamu la Venice mwaka [[1996]] kwa filamu ''Une parole'', ''un visage'' and ''Tèmèdy'' na katika Tamasha la Kimataifa la Festival International du Film Francophone de Namur mwaka [[2001]] kwa filamu ya ''I.T.- Immatriculation temporaire''.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1965]] [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] 7yqyuij0hiq1d43dof3o8qoa2ahp4eo 0 237453 1548021 2026-05-22T03:57:37Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marei Al Ramly''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1977 nchini Libya) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Nasr na pia ni [[mchezaji]] wa timu ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Marei Suliman Al-Ramli (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3845/Marei_Suliman_Al_Ramli.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo...' 1548021 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marei Al Ramly''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1977 nchini Libya) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea klabu ya Al-Nasr na pia ni [[mchezaji]] wa timu ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Marei Suliman Al-Ramli (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/3845/Marei_Suliman_Al_Ramli.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 789v2cyq0zbv1gl85ua2ka9snhe8ejc 0 237454 1548023 2026-05-22T04:01:40Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marei Al Ramly''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1977 nchini Libya) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Nasr na pia ni [[mchezaji]] wa timu ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Salem Ibrahim Al-Rewani (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/8055/Salem_Ibrahim_Al_Rewani.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite...' 1548023 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marei Al Ramly''' (alizaliwa 4 Desemba 1977 nchini Libya) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayeshika nafasi ya kiungo. Anachezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Nasr na pia ni [[mchezaji]] wa timu ya taifa ya Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Salem Ibrahim Al-Rewani (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/8055/Salem_Ibrahim_Al_Rewani.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=- YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbFDnFeIMAo|work=www.youtube.com|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1977]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hqe4kfcwaqb0l8hei8aerds0nu392wa 0 237455 1548024 2026-05-22T04:04:17Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Motasem Masaud Sabbou''' (alizaliwa 20 Agosti 1993) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekipiga pia katika [[timu]] ya taifa ya [[Libya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Motasem Sabo (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/51946/Motasem_Sabbou.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.fla...' 1548024 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Motasem Masaud Sabbou''' (alizaliwa 20 Agosti 1993) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekipiga pia katika [[timu]] ya taifa ya [[Libya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Motasem Sabo (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/51946/Motasem_Sabbou.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1003]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] n6y350jsxti54wg7cyezlmo79njn273 0 237456 1548025 2026-05-22T04:07:23Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ali Salama''' (Kiarabu: عَلِيّ سَلَامَة; alizaliwa 18 Septemba 1987) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Nasr Benghazi katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya. Akiwa na urefu wa futi 6'1, anacheza kama beki wa kati au sweeper. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Salama STATS|url=https://www.foxsports.com/soccer/ali-salama-player-stats|work=www.foxsports.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref>Pia alikuwa nahodha wa [[timu]] ya taif...' 1548025 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ali Salama''' (Kiarabu: عَلِيّ سَلَامَة; alizaliwa 18 Septemba 1987) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa Libya anayekichezea [[klabu]] ya Al-Nasr Benghazi katika [[Ligi]] Kuu ya Libya. Akiwa na urefu wa futi 6'1, anacheza kama beki wa kati au sweeper. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Salama STATS|url=https://www.foxsports.com/soccer/ali-salama-player-stats|work=www.foxsports.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref>Pia alikuwa nahodha wa [[timu]] ya taifa ya Libya iliposhinda Mashindano ya CHAN mwaka 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|title=football.ly - This website is for sale! - football Resources and Information.|url=http://football.ly/index.php?option=com_joomleague&func=showPlayers&p=1&ttid=1&Itemid=44|work=football.ly|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1987]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] q6c7l0xgkkams2w7sgvujomg768qps2 0 237457 1548027 2026-05-22T04:10:19Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anis Mohamed Jumaa Saltou''' (alizaliwa 1 Aprili 1992), anayejulikana kama Anis Saltou, ni [[mwanasoka]] wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anis Saltou » Profile|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe345474/anis-saltou/|work=worldfootball.net|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.fla...' 1548027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anis Mohamed Jumaa Saltou''' (alizaliwa 1 Aprili 1992), anayejulikana kama Anis Saltou, ni [[mwanasoka]] wa kulipwa wa [[Libya]] anayeshika nafasi ya [[mshambuliaji]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anis Saltou » Profile|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe345474/anis-saltou/|work=worldfootball.net|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobile livescore - Flashscore.mobi football scores|url=https://www.flashscore.mobi/|work=www.flashscore.mobi|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> == Mafanikio == === Libya === * [[Kombe]] la Mataifa ya [[Afrika]] (CHAN): 2014 == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1992]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] hvrjvbgidce0zm2zrkp1f3aysqepfzz 0 237458 1548028 2026-05-22T04:12:17Z Don Malya 61486 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Walid Al Sbaay''' (alizaliwa 28 Machi 1983) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya [[beki]] wa kati.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Walid Jalal Al-Sebaai (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/24520/Walid_Jalal_Al_Sebai.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]]...' 1548028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Walid Al Sbaay''' (alizaliwa 28 Machi 1983) ni [[mwanasoka]] wa zamani wa [[Libya]] aliyekuwa akicheza nafasi ya [[beki]] wa kati.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Walid Jalal Al-Sebaai (Player)|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/24520/Walid_Jalal_Al_Sebai.html|work=www.national-football-teams.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en|author=Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-cheza-mpira}} [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1983]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanamichezo wa Libya]] kk4hu33vaybgrpw4r4pqemf3dcc9dr6 0 237459 1548038 2026-05-22T04:49:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ferdous Akhter Wahida''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Wahida alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url...' 1548038 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ferdous Akhter Wahida''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Wahida alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/thirty-six-mps-in-women-reserved-seats-unofficially-declared-elected |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=2 September 2005}}</ref> Kitaaluma yeye ni mwanasheria.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Newly elected BNP women lawmakers meet PM |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/newly-elected-bnp-women-lawmakers-meet-pm |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Bdnews24.com |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1965||Wahida, Ferdous Akhter}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] fba7gx2hlzcc9rbfjgl2111acu5xbuq 1548232 1548038 2026-05-22T11:06:29Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548232 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ferdous Akhter Wahida''' ni mwanasiasa wa [[Bangladesh]] kutoka chama cha [[Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh]] (Bangladesh Nationalist Party) na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Wahida alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa Chama cha Kitaifa cha Bangladesh mnamo mwaka 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thirty-six MPs in women reserved seats unofficially declared elected |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/thirty-six-mps-in-women-reserved-seats-unofficially-declared-elected |accessdate=4 April 2020 |work=bdnews24.com |date=2 September 2005}}</ref> Kitaaluma yeye ni mwanasheria.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Newly elected BNP women lawmakers meet PM |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/newly-elected-bnp-women-lawmakers-meet-pm |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Bdnews24.com |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1965||Wahida, Ferdous Akhter}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Bangladesh]] jzqs9io309hqpgp64artqe56tpo7dvx 0 237460 1548039 2026-05-22T04:53:09Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mina Zaman Chowdhury''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Maisha ya mapema == Chowdhury alizaliwa na Khan Bahadur Abdur Rahim Choudhury pamoja na Zobeda Rahim Choudhury.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2016-02-22|title=Obituary|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/obituary-575953|access-date=2022-01-20|website=The Daily Star|language=en}}</...' 1548039 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mina Zaman Chowdhury''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Maisha ya mapema == Chowdhury alizaliwa na Khan Bahadur Abdur Rahim Choudhury pamoja na Zobeda Rahim Choudhury.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2016-02-22|title=Obituary|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/obituary-575953|access-date=2022-01-20|website=The Daily Star|language=en}}</ref> Aliolewa na Shamsuzzaman Chowdhury, ambaye alikuwa mwenyekiti wa zamani wa Bodi ya Elimu ya Baraza la Rajshahi.<ref name=":0" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Chowdhury, Mina Zaman}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] kuby9960kgaoia8qox9ejfm3p7irmqi 0 237461 1548041 2026-05-22T05:07:51Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox Sura | Namba = 2 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْبَقَرَة | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Baqarah | Maana ya Jina = Ng'ombe Jike | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الم <br> ﴿٢﴾ ذَٰلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ ۛ فِيهِ ۛ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ <br> ﴿٣﴾ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَمِمَّ...' 1548041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Sura | Namba = 2 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْبَقَرَة | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Baqarah | Maana ya Jina = Ng'ombe Jike | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الم <br> ﴿٢﴾ ذَٰلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ ۛ فِيهِ ۛ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ <br> ﴿٣﴾ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ <br> ... | Sauti = Sura Minshawi 2.ogg | Aina = [[Madina]] | Mahali = 1–3 | Idadi ya Aya = 286 | Idadi ya Maneno = 6,144 | Idadi ya Herufi = 25,613 | Sura iliyopita = [[Al-Fatiha|1: Al-Fatiha]] | Sura inayofuata = [[Al Imran|3: Al Imran]] }} '''Al-Baqara''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|البقرة}} ''al-Baqarah'', maana: "Ng'ombe Jike") ni [[Surah|sura]] ya pili na ndefu zaidi katika mpangilio wa msahafu wa [[Qurani]], kitabu cha dini ya [[Uislamu]]. Sura hii ina jumla ya [[ayah|aya]] 286 na inatambulika kuwa ni sura ya Madina (Madaniyyah) kwa sababu sehemu yake kubwa ilishushwa baada ya Hijrah ya [[Mtume Muhammad]] kwenda Madina, ikichukua takriban kipindi cha miaka kadhaa kushuka kulingana na mahitaji ya jamii mpya ya Kiislamu.<ref name="EI2Baqara">{{cite book |last=Paret |first=R. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1960 |publisher=Brill |volume=1 |pages=923–924 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Kutokana na urefu wake, sura hii inajumuisha karibu sehemu mbili na nusu za msahafu ([[Juzuu]] ya kwanza, ya pili, na sehemu ya Juzuu ya tatu), na inashikilia ubora mkubwa katika mapokeo ya [[Hadithi za Mtume Muhammad|hadithi]]. == Historia == Inaelezwa kuwa jina la sura hii, "Al-Baqara", linatokana na kisa cha kihistoria kilichotajwa ndani yake kuanzia aya ya 67 hadi 73, kinachohusu muujiza uliotokea zama za Nabii [[Musa]]. Katika kisa hicho, mtu mmoja miongoni mwa Wana wa Israeli aliuawa kwa siri, na ili kumgundua muuaji, Mwenyezi Mungu aliwaamuru kupitia Nabii Musa kuchinja ng'ombe jike mwenye sifa maalum na kumpiga yule maiti kwa sehemu ya nyama ya ng'ombe huyo.<ref name="FarsyBaqara">{{cite book |last=Farsy |first=Abdullah Saleh |title=Tafsiri ya Kurani Tukufu |year=1969 |publisher=The Islamic Foundation |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Baada ya kufanya hivyo, maiti alifufuka kimuujiza na kumtaja muuaji wake kabla ya kufa tena, jambo lililofanya kisa hiki kuwa alama ya uwezo wa Mwenyezi Mungu wa kufufua viumbe na kuondoa mabishano yaliyokuwepo miongoni mwa watu wao. == Maudhui na sheria == Maudhui ya Sura ya Al-Baqara ni mapana sana na yanajumuisha misingi yote ya mfumo wa maisha ya Muislamu kiroho, kijamii, na kisheria. === Makundi ya wanadamu === Sura inaanza kwa kubainisha makundi matatu ya wanadamu mbele ya ufunuo: Waumini, Makafiri, na Wanafiki. === Ayat al-Kursi === Ndani ya sura hii pia kuna [[Ayat al-Kursi]] (aya ya 255) ambayo ni moja ya aya zinazokaririwa sana katika Qurani nzima, ikieleza sifa za kipekee za uungu wa Mwenyezi Mungu na ulinzi Wake. === Kanuni za kisheria (Sharia) === Kisheria, Al-Baqara inaweka miongozo na kanuni za ibada ya [[Ramadan (mwezi)|Funga ya Ramadhani]], ibada ya [[Hija]], kubadilishwa kwa uelekeo wa [[Kibla]] kutoka Yerusalemu kwenda Makka, sheria za ndoa, talaka, urithi, na katazo kali la biashara ya riba, jambo linalofanya sura hii kuwa msingi mkuu wa sheria za Kiislamu ([[Sharia]]).<ref name="TanzilBaqara">{{cite web |title=Surah Al-Baqarah Commentary and Verses |url=https://quran.com |publisher=Quran.com Portal |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Quran]] * [[Surah|Sura]] * [[Ayah|Aya]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Sura}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Surah za Quran]] 0jnzn7nih46tidh66uxpe75i4cdzk9y 1548047 1548041 2026-05-22T05:17:28Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 1548047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Sura | Namba = 2 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْبَقَرَة | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Baqarah | Maana ya Jina = Ng'ombe Jike | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الم <br> ﴿٢﴾ ذَٰلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ ۛ فِيهِ ۛ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ <br> ﴿٣﴾ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ <br> ... | Sauti = Sura Minshawi 2.ogg | Aina = [[Madina]] | Mahali = 1–3 | Idadi ya Aya = 286 | Idadi ya Maneno = 6,144 | Idadi ya Herufi = 25,613 | Sura iliyopita = [[Al-Fatiha|1: Al-Fatiha]] | Sura inayofuata = [[Al Imran|3: Al Imran]] }} '''Al-Baqara''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|البقرة}} ''al-Baqarah'', maana: "Ng'ombe Jike") ni [[Surah|sura]] ya pili na ndefu zaidi katika mpangilio wa msahafu wa [[Qurani]], kitabu cha dini ya [[Uislamu]]. Sura hii ina jumla ya [[ayah|aya]] 286 na inatambulika kuwa ni sura ya Madina (Madaniyyah) kwa sababu sehemu yake kubwa ilishushwa baada ya Hijrah ya [[Mtume Muhammad]] kwenda Madina, ikichukua takriban kipindi cha miaka kadhaa kushuka kulingana na mahitaji ya jamii mpya ya Kiislamu.<ref name="EI2Baqara">{{cite book |last=Paret |first=R. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1960 |publisher=Brill |volume=1 |pages=923–924 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Kutokana na urefu wake, sura hii inajumuisha karibu sehemu mbili na nusu za msahafu ([[Juzuu]] ya kwanza, ya pili, na sehemu ya Juzuu ya tatu), na inashikilia ubora mkubwa katika mapokeo ya [[Hadithi za Mtume Muhammad|hadithi]]. == Historia == Inaelezwa kuwa jina la sura hii, "Al-Baqara", linatokana na kisa cha kihistoria kilichotajwa ndani yake kuanzia aya ya 67 hadi 73, kinachohusu muujiza uliotokea zama za [[Musa|Nabii Musa]]. Katika kisa hicho, mtu mmoja miongoni mwa Wana wa Israeli aliuawa kwa siri, na ili kumgundua muuaji, Mwenyezi Mungu aliwaamuru kupitia Nabii Musa kuchinja ng'ombe jike mwenye sifa maalum na kumpiga yule maiti kwa sehemu ya nyama ya ng'ombe huyo.<ref name="FarsyBaqara">{{cite book |last=Farsy |first=Abdullah Saleh |title=Tafsiri ya Kurani Tukufu |year=1969 |publisher=The Islamic Foundation |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Baada ya kufanya hivyo, maiti alifufuka kimuujiza na kumtaja muuaji wake kabla ya kufa tena, jambo lililofanya kisa hiki kuwa alama ya uwezo wa Mwenyezi Mungu wa kufufua viumbe na kuondoa mabishano yaliyokuwepo miongoni mwa watu wao. == Maudhui na sheria == Maudhui ya Sura ya Al-Baqara ni mapana sana na yanajumuisha misingi yote ya mfumo wa maisha ya Muislamu kiroho, kijamii, na kisheria. === Makundi ya wanadamu === Sura inaanza kwa kubainisha makundi matatu ya wanadamu mbele ya ufunuo: Waumini, Makafiri, na Wanafiki. === Ayat al-Kursi === Ndani ya sura hii pia kuna [[Ayat al-Kursi]] (aya ya 255) ambayo ni moja ya aya zinazokaririwa sana katika Qurani nzima, ikieleza sifa za kipekee za uungu wa [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] na ulinzi Wake. === Kanuni za kisheria (Sharia) === Kisheria, Al-Baqara inaweka miongozo na kanuni za ibada ya [[Ramadan (mwezi)|Funga ya Ramadhani]], ibada ya [[Hija]], kubadilishwa kwa uelekeo wa [[Kibla]] kutoka Yerusalemu kwenda Makka, sheria za ndoa, talaka, urithi, na katazo kali la biashara ya riba, jambo linalofanya sura hii kuwa msingi mkuu wa sheria za Kiislamu ([[Sharia]]).<ref name="TanzilBaqara">{{cite web |title=Surah Al-Baqarah Commentary and Verses |url=https://quran.com |publisher=Quran.com Portal |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Tazama pia == * [[Quran]] * [[Surah|Sura]] * [[Ayah|Aya]] == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Sura}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Surah za Quran]] 3mi3i43cr80gxdp3q3xgnlq3aeemc51 0 237462 1548042 2026-05-22T05:08:17Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Anwar Zaman''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Zaman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=4 A...' 1548042 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Anwar Zaman''' ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Zaman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title="List of 3rd Parliament Members" |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=4 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950||Zaman, Anwar}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] jxolqo3foo3qxa6ohkbf4pwjoxv51ae 0 237463 1548044 2026-05-22T05:13:06Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Firoza Zaman''' (alifariki 16 Januari 2016) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Zaman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangl...' 1548044 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Firoza Zaman''' (alifariki 16 Januari 2016) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa chama cha Jatiya Party (Ershad) nchini [[Bangladesh]] na alikuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vilivyotengwa kwa ajili ya wanawake. == Kazi == Zaman alichaguliwa kuwa mbunge kupitia viti maalum vya wanawake kama mgombea wa chama cha Jatiya Party mnamo mwaka 1986.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of 3rd Parliament Members |url=http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |website=Bangladesh Parliament |accessdate=4 April 2021 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918080059/http://www.parliament.gov.bd/images/pdf/formermp/3rd.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Alifariki dunia tarehe 16 Januari 2016.<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:বীরপ্রতীক বদিউজ্জামান আইসিইউতে {{!}} সারা বাংলা |trans-title=Bir Pratik Badiuzzaman in ICU |url=https://www.risingbd.com/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87_%E2%80%98%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E2%80%99%E0%A6%B0/194987 |work=Risingbd.com |date=10 October 2016 |language=bn}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1950|2016|Zaman, Firoza}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Bangladesh]] edniw35cukgdx85tvg4bf5dkujd78t0 0 237464 1548048 2026-05-22T05:24:45Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Pari Abasalti''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1935 huko [[Tehran]]) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari mwenye asili ya [[Irani|Iran]] ambaye baadaye alihamia nchini [[Marekani]]. Alichaguliwa kujiunga na Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri la Iran mnamo mwaka 1975 na alikuwa mbunge hadi ulipotokea [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]] mnamo mwaka 1979, ambapo aliondoka [[Iran]] na kuhamia [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2013 |title=پری اباصلتی |trans-title=P...' 1548048 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pari Abasalti''' (alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1935 huko [[Tehran]]) ni mwanasiasa na mwandishi wa habari mwenye asili ya [[Irani|Iran]] ambaye baadaye alihamia nchini [[Marekani]]. Alichaguliwa kujiunga na Baraza la Kitaifa la Ushauri la Iran mnamo mwaka 1975 na alikuwa mbunge hadi ulipotokea [[Mapinduzi ya Iran]] mnamo mwaka 1979, ambapo aliondoka [[Iran]] na kuhamia [[Marekani]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2013 |title=پری اباصلتی |trans-title=Pari Abasalti |url=http://rijaldb.com/fa/11993/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003022839/http://rijaldb.com/fa/11993/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C |archive-date=October 3, 2022 |access-date=2022-04-08 |website=rijaldb.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1935||Abasalti, Pari}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Marekani]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] gsogd3llhx0xoe53h0wwx54pm43hksu 0 237465 1548051 2026-05-22T05:32:48Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548051 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Marie Bamporiki Manegabe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Citation|title=BAMPORIKI MANEGABE Jean Marie|url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?team=bamporiki-manegabe-jean-marie|work=RDC - Assemblée Nationale|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Yeye ni mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la DRC na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for the Congolese Nation (UNC). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] m0enf2e28hy15fftl7golcez84mmckw 0 237466 1548052 2026-05-22T05:36:06Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548052 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Liliane Banga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Elimu ya Juu na Vyuo Vikuu katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] e1u29ihwaxzqv96sndz90f01t0t7awz 0 237467 1548054 2026-05-22T05:39:48Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548054 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jeannot Bemba Saolona''' (3 Septemba 1942 – 1 Julai 2009) alikuwa mfanyabiashara na [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Uchumi na Viwanda pamoja na seneta wa Équateur.<ref>{{Citation|title=Un mobutiste nommé à l'économie|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1999/03/16/un-mobutiste-nomme-a-l-economie_3560376_1819218.html|work=Le Monde.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Alijulikana kama mmoja wa wafanyabiashara maarufu zaidi wa enzi ya Zaire na alikuwa mshirika wa karibu wa Mobutu Sese Seko. Pia alikuwa baba wa Jean-Pierre Bemba na mkwe wa Nzanga Mobutu. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1941]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 2009]] 6j8214j2p4d2c9n33q3u394gejfrriq 0 237468 1548055 2026-05-22T05:46:12Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548055 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Takaishe Ngumbi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Sheria katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2l9jm0ywqaqubf56csaoh8j0ke1cns7 1548264 1548055 2026-05-22T11:25:38Z InternetArchiveBot 41439 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1548264 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Takaishe Ngumbi''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina|archive-date=2024-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240229203413/https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Sheria katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4i1ks5paeg54rf3ccuwpt0f4e6wg97w 0 237469 1548057 2026-05-22T05:50:39Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548057 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arome Bigabwa''' (amezaliwa 30 Machi 1952) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la DRC.<ref>{{Citation|title=Union for the Congolese Nation|date=2026-04-13|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Union_for_the_Congolese_Nation&oldid=1348494317|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1952]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rm9nk4feawbgj38wautob62xk0lumvd 0 237470 1548058 2026-05-22T05:53:57Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Seyed Abolfazl Mousavi Tabrizi''' (1935 – 14 Aprili 2003), alizaliwa kwa jina la '''Abolfazl Rihani''', alikuwa mwanasiasa, mwanasheria, na kiongozi wa kidini wa [[Iran]]. Alihudumu kama Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Iran na alikuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wataalamu la nchi hiyo. Pia, alishiriki kikamilifu katika mchakato wa kuandaa Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wataalamu wa Katiba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=وفات آیةالله سي...' 1548058 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Seyed Abolfazl Mousavi Tabrizi''' (1935 – 14 Aprili 2003), alizaliwa kwa jina la '''Abolfazl Rihani''', alikuwa mwanasiasa, mwanasheria, na kiongozi wa kidini wa [[Iran]]. Alihudumu kama Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Iran na alikuwa mjumbe wa Baraza la Wataalamu la nchi hiyo. Pia, alishiriki kikamilifu katika mchakato wa kuandaa Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Kiislamu ya Iran kama mjumbe wa Baraza la Wataalamu wa Katiba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=وفات آیةالله سيد ابوالفضل موسوي تبريزي (1382 ش)-26 فروردین|url=https://portal.anhar.ir/node/18802/?ref=sbttl#gsc.tab=0|access-date=2021-02-12|website=portal.anhar.ir}}</ref> == Kazi na Wasifu == Mousavi Tabrizi alizaliwa mjini Tabriz na kupata elimu yake ya kidini katika Chuo cha Kidini cha Qom (Qom Seminary) chini ya uongozi wa Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini na Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari. Baada ya Mapinduzi ya Iran ya mwaka 1979, alishika nyadhifa mbalimbali kubwa serikalini ikiwemo: * Mjumbe wa Baraza la Wataalamu wa Katiba (1979) uliosaidia kuandika katiba mpya. * Mbunge wa Bunge la Iran (Islamic Consultative Assembly) kwa vipindi viwili vya kwanza akikiwakilisha jimbo la Tabriz (1980–1988). * Rais wa Mahakama ya Haki ya Kiutawala. * Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Iran (Prosecutor-General) kati ya mwaka 1991 na 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|title=مرکز پژوهشها - سیدابوالفضل سیدریحانی(موسوی تبریزی)|url=https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/parliament_member/show/762428|access-date=2021-02-12|website=rc.majlis.ir}}</ref> Alifariki dunia tarehe 14 Aprili 2003 huko Tabriz na kuzikwa katika Haram ya Fatima Masumeh mjini Qom.<ref>{{Cite web|last=اسلامی|first=مرکز اسناد انقلاب|date=2020-04-12|title=تصاویری از آیت‌الله سیدابوالفضل موسوی تبریزی|url=http://irdc.ir/fa/news/5732|access-date=2021-02-12|website=fa|language=fa}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1935|2003|Tabrizi, Seyed Abolfazl Mousavi}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] 33d1xif7u0tfdaj8n6puodhcivom9gy 0 237471 1548060 2026-05-22T05:56:06Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548060 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faustin Birindwa''' (1943 – 29 Aprili 1999) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na technocrat kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FvAWPTaRvFYC|title=Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|last=Kisangani|first=Emizet Francois|last2=Bobb|first2=Scott F.|date=2009-10-01|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-6325-5|language=en}}</ref> Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Fedha katika serikali ya kwanza ya UDPS iliyoongozwa na Étienne Tshisekedi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] 8nf31m1uwusb3t45psj9v0ezi85bx80 1548230 1548060 2026-05-22T11:05:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548230 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Faustin Birindwa''' (1943 – 29 Aprili 1999) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na technocrat kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Alikuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FvAWPTaRvFYC|title=Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|last=Kisangani|first=Emizet Francois|last2=Bobb|first2=Scott F.|date=2009-10-01|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing PLC|isbn=978-0-8108-6325-5|language=en}}</ref> Baadaye aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Fedha katika serikali ya kwanza ya UDPS iliyoongozwa na Étienne Tshisekedi. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1943]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]] auqkigyg2d8exkrnzo35crhk3xu1bv8 0 237472 1548061 2026-05-22T05:56:51Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mostafa Adl''' (pia alijulikana kama '''Mansur-al-Saltana'''; 1882 – 12 Julai 1950) alikuwa mwanasiasa, mwanadiplomasia, na mwanasheria wa [[Iran]].<ref>{{cite news|title=ADL, MOṢṬAFĀ|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/adl-mostafa-1|access-date=3 June 2015|work=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|date=July 22, 2011 |first=Bāqer |last=ʿĀqeli}}</ref> Alikuwa Balozi wa Iran nchini [[Uswisi]] (1935–1939) na rais wa Chuo Kikuu cha Tehran (1941–194...' 1548061 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mostafa Adl''' (pia alijulikana kama '''Mansur-al-Saltana'''; 1882 – 12 Julai 1950) alikuwa mwanasiasa, mwanadiplomasia, na mwanasheria wa [[Iran]].<ref>{{cite news|title=ADL, MOṢṬAFĀ|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/adl-mostafa-1|access-date=3 June 2015|work=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|date=July 22, 2011 |first=Bāqer |last=ʿĀqeli}}</ref> Alikuwa Balozi wa Iran nchini [[Uswisi]] (1935–1939) na rais wa Chuo Kikuu cha Tehran (1941–1942).<ref>{{cite news|title=  دانشگاه تهران؛ ۳۱ رئیس در ۷۵ سال|url=http://www.hamshahrionline.ir/details/87871|access-date=3 June 2015|work=[[Hamshahri]]|date= 2009}}</ref> Pia, aliongoza ujumbe wa Iran katika Mkutano wa Umoja wa Mataifa kuhusu Shirika la Kimataifa unaojulikana pia kama Mkutano wa San Francisco. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1882|1950|Adl, Mostafa}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uswisi]] g47fv3z5c25q8zfui24pktes5xt146d 0 237473 1548062 2026-05-22T06:00:26Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Yahya Adl''' (1908 – 3 Februari 2003)<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=YzjSAwAAQBAJ&dq=%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%DB%8C+%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%84+%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2&pg=PT34 Profile of Yahya Adl]</ref> alikuwa daktari bingwa wa upasuaji mashuhuri kutoka [[Iran]], alijulikana kama "Profesa Adl". Anaheshimiwa kama Baba wa Upasuaji wa Kisasa nchini Iran.<ref name="Tabnak">{{cite news|url=http://www.tabnakazarsharghi.ir/fa/news/32728/%D8%AA%D8%A8%...' 1548062 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Yahya Adl''' (1908 – 3 Februari 2003)<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=YzjSAwAAQBAJ&dq=%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%DB%8C+%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%84+%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2&pg=PT34 Profile of Yahya Adl]</ref> alikuwa daktari bingwa wa upasuaji mashuhuri kutoka [[Iran]], alijulikana kama "Profesa Adl". Anaheshimiwa kama Baba wa Upasuaji wa Kisasa nchini Iran.<ref name="Tabnak">{{cite news|url=http://www.tabnakazarsharghi.ir/fa/news/32728/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%87%D8%A7|title=تبریز، شهر اولین‌ها|publisher=[[Tabnak]]|date= 2015|access-date=28 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iran-daily.com/News/109569.html|title=Prof. Adl statue unveiled|publisher=Iran Daily|date=17 Jan 2015|access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1908|2003|Adl, Yahya}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Quran]] cbbys0n5mfovlnovmuhlw3pym1kardu 0 237474 1548063 2026-05-22T06:00:28Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548063 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Barthélémy Bisengimana Rwema''' (amezaliwa 12 Mei 1935) alikuwa afisa wa serikali wa Zaire.<ref>{{Cite web|title=rwandafile.com|url=http://www.rwandafile.com/Kangura/pdf/k04x2.pdf|work=www.rwandafile.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Alihudumu kama mkuu wa Ofisi ya [[Rais]] chini ya utawala wa Mobutu Sese Seko kuanzia Mei 1969 hadi Februari 1977. Bisengimana alikuwa mwanachama wa kabila la Tutsi, na alijulikana kwa kuwa mmoja wa viongozi waliokuwa karibu na serikali kuu ya Mobutu. Alizaliwa katika Mkoa wa Cyangugu nchini [[Rwanda]], na mwaka 1961 alikuwa mhitimu wa kwanza wa uhandisi wa umeme kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Lovanium mjini [[Kinshasa]]. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1935]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 3v4ox1ixa99kf69je2le3ey0un6zbgs 0 237475 1548067 2026-05-22T06:02:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Reynolds Winsor "Reyn" Guyer''' (amezaliwa [[St. Paul, Minnesota]] mwaka 1935) ni Reyn Guyer mvumbuzi kutoka [[Marekani]]. == Ubunifu wake == Miongoni mwa ubunifu wake mashuhuri ni mchezo wa Twister uliotolewa mwaka 1967 na mpira wa NERF mwaka 1969,<ref>{{cite book|last=Stackhouse|first=Josh Chetwynd; Illustrations by Emily|title=The secret history of balls : the stories behind the things we love to catch, whack, throw, kick, bounce and bat|date=3 May...' 1548067 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Reynolds Winsor "Reyn" Guyer''' (amezaliwa [[St. Paul, Minnesota]] mwaka 1935) ni Reyn Guyer mvumbuzi kutoka [[Marekani]]. == Ubunifu wake == Miongoni mwa ubunifu wake mashuhuri ni mchezo wa Twister uliotolewa mwaka 1967 na mpira wa NERF mwaka 1969,<ref>{{cite book|last=Stackhouse|first=Josh Chetwynd; Illustrations by Emily|title=The secret history of balls : the stories behind the things we love to catch, whack, throw, kick, bounce and bat|date=3 May 2011|publisher=Perigee Trade|location=New York|isbn=9780399536748|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=4YXTQxelfmYC&pg=PT84](https://books.google.com/books?id=4YXTQxelfmYC&pg=PT84) |edition=1st}}</ref> alizotengeneza kwa ajili ya kampuni za Milton Bradley na Parker Brothers mtawalia. Mwaka 1986, aliingizwa katika Hasbro Toy and Game Inventors' Hall of Fame kutokana na mchango wake mkubwa katika ubunifu wa michezo.<ref>{{cite news|last=Wuensch|first=Christopher C.|title=Stranded At Second Base: Life Begins Anew For Strug, Ends For Eskendereya And The Inventor Of The Trampoline|url=[http://tucsoncitizen.com/bear-down-and-blog/2010/04/29/stranded-at-second-base-life-begins-anew-for-strug-ends-badly-for-coyotes-eskendereya-and-the-inventor-of-the-trampoline/|access-date=14](http://tucsoncitizen.com/bear-down-and-blog/2010/04/29/stranded-at-second-base-life-begins-anew-for-strug-ends-badly-for-coyotes-eskendereya-and-the-inventor-of-the-trampoline/|access-date=14) July 2012|newspaper=Tucson Citizen|date=Apr 29, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=[https://archive.today/20130204173953/http://tucsoncitizen.com/bear-down-and-blog/2010/04/29/stranded-at-second-base-life-begins-anew-for-strug-ends-badly-for-coyotes-eskendereya-and-the-inventor-of-the-trampoline/|archive-date=4](https://archive.today/20130204173953/http://tucsoncitizen.com/bear-down-and-blog/2010/04/29/stranded-at-second-base-life-begins-anew-for-strug-ends-badly-for-coyotes-eskendereya-and-the-inventor-of-the-trampoline/|archive-date=4) February 2013}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1935|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 8av6s96wn6b4e2hfv83ooz2rbqw4vct 0 237476 1548068 2026-05-22T06:03:47Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Soltan-Ali Vazir-e Afkham''' (13 Desemba 1862 – 13 Julai 1914) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Kaimu Waziri Mkuu na Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani wa Iran kuanzia tarehe 21 Machi 1907 hadi 30 Aprili 1907.<ref name="Rijaldb">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=September 6, 2013|title=سلطان على وزير افخم|url=http://rijaldb.com/fa/12180/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C+%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AE%D...' 1548068 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Soltan-Ali Vazir-e Afkham''' (13 Desemba 1862 – 13 Julai 1914) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Kaimu Waziri Mkuu na Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani wa Iran kuanzia tarehe 21 Machi 1907 hadi 30 Aprili 1907.<ref name="Rijaldb">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=September 6, 2013|title=سلطان على وزير افخم|url=http://rijaldb.com/fa/12180/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C+%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AE%D9%85|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Rijaldb}}</ref><ref name="World States Men">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Soltan Ali Khan, Vazir-e Afkham|url=https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Iran.htm|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=World States Men}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1862|1914|Vazir-e Afkham, Soltan-Ali}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Quran]] jwuhcm7sh28x9xi77ovncacsnnv0db8 0 237477 1548069 2026-05-22T06:05:15Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548069 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Albert Mpeti Biyombo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Afya katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] bnz0wi9tkj61n9g5qcgwjsgyb5u46b5 0 237478 1548070 2026-05-22T06:06:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Isadore Elliot Handler''' (9 Aprili 1916 – 21 Julai 2011) alikuwa Elliot Handler mvumbuzi, tajiri wa biashara, na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa kampuni ya Mattel. Pamoja na mke wake, Ruth Handler, alisaidia kuendeleza baadhi ya vichezeo vilivyouzwa zaidi katika historia ya Marekani, ikiwemo Barbie, Chatty Cathy, Creepy Crawlers, na Hot Wheels.<ref>{{cite news|author=Miller, Stephen|title=Hot Wheels' Driver And Barbie's Dad |date=July 23, 2011|url=[https://w...' 1548070 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Isadore Elliot Handler''' (9 Aprili 1916 – 21 Julai 2011) alikuwa Elliot Handler mvumbuzi, tajiri wa biashara, na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa kampuni ya Mattel. Pamoja na mke wake, Ruth Handler, alisaidia kuendeleza baadhi ya vichezeo vilivyouzwa zaidi katika historia ya Marekani, ikiwemo Barbie, Chatty Cathy, Creepy Crawlers, na Hot Wheels.<ref>{{cite news|author=Miller, Stephen|title=Hot Wheels' Driver And Barbie's Dad |date=July 23, 2011|url=[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111904233404576462491105489476|work=The](https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111904233404576462491105489476|work=The) Wall Street Journal|access-date=July 22, 2011}}</ref><ref name=wp>{{cite news|first=Andrea|last=Chang|title=Elliot Handler, co-founder of toymaker Mattel and inventor of Hot Wheels, dies at 95 |url=[https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/elliot-handler-co-founder-of-toymaker-mattel-and-inventor-of-hot-wheels-dies-at-95/2011/07/24/gIQAxXwHXI_story.html](https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/elliot-handler-co-founder-of-toymaker-mattel-and-inventor-of-hot-wheels-dies-at-95/2011/07/24/gIQAxXwHXI_story.html) |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |via=[[The Washington Post]]|date=July 24, 2011|access-date=August 15, 2011}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1916|2011}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 9gygi5z44gngxk09jrdkq24a5lil7k4 0 237479 1548071 2026-05-22T06:08:38Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548071 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sam Bokolombe Batuli''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la DRC na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for the Congolese Nation (UNC).<ref>{{Citation|title=BOKOLOMBE BATULI Sam|url=http://www.assemblee-nationale.cd/v2/?team=bokolombe-batuli-sam|work=RDC - Assemblée Nationale|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mp7t3z6rr63mvu3hkjbxmjv2hglbcvs 0 237480 1548073 2026-05-22T06:11:28Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ruth Marianna Handler''' (aliyezaliwa '''Mosko'''; 4 Novemba 1916 – 27 Aprili 2002) alikuwa Ruth Handler mfanyabiashara mkubwa na mvumbuzi kutoka Marekani. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mdoli wa Barbie mwaka 1959 na kwa kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa kampuni ya kutengeneza vichezeo Mattel pamoja na mume wake [[Elliot Handler|Elliot Handler]]. Pia aliwahi kuhudumu kama rais wa kwanza wa kampuni hiyo kuanzia 1945 hadi 1975. Handler na mume wake walilazimi...' 1548073 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ruth Marianna Handler''' (aliyezaliwa '''Mosko'''; 4 Novemba 1916 – 27 Aprili 2002) alikuwa Ruth Handler mfanyabiashara mkubwa na mvumbuzi kutoka Marekani. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mdoli wa Barbie mwaka 1959 na kwa kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wa kampuni ya kutengeneza vichezeo Mattel pamoja na mume wake [[Elliot Handler|Elliot Handler]]. Pia aliwahi kuhudumu kama rais wa kwanza wa kampuni hiyo kuanzia 1945 hadi 1975. Handler na mume wake walilazimika kujiuzulu kutoka Mattel mwaka 1975 baada ya Securities and Exchange Commission kufanya uchunguzi kuhusu kampuni hiyo kutokana na madai ya kughushi nyaraka za kifedha.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Castellitto |first=Linda M. |date=February 22, 2009 |title=Scandal tainted long career of Barbie's creator |url=[https://abcnews.go.com/Business/story?id=6934823&page=1](https://abcnews.go.com/Business/story?id=6934823&page=1) |access-date=July 6, 2023 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref> Handler pia ameonyeshwa kama mhusika muhimu katika filamu ya mwaka 2023 iitwayo ''Barbie''. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1916|2002}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] igaqaap44f7cfuka1dvp7rzwabd1on1 0 237481 1548074 2026-05-22T06:13:18Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548074 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Willy Bokonga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Congo Vision : Nouvelles visions pour le Congo et l'Afrique|url=http://www.congovision.com/nouvelles/remaniement261107.html|work=www.congovision.com|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> Aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Nchi anayehusika na Elimu ya Msingi, Sekondari na Ufundi katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba, akimrithi Gaston Musemena. Mwezi Aprili 2021, Bokonga alihukumiwa kifungo cha miaka mitatu jela bila rufaa kwa kosa la utakatishaji fedha. Kesi hiyo pia ilihusisha uhamishaji haramu wa fedha kwenda nje ya nchi. Mtoto wake wa kiume pia alikamatwa kuhusiana na kesi hiyo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] j3ozpuju1cpsk22glk7sb0bsygsduum 0 237482 1548075 2026-05-22T06:15:18Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ronald B. Howes''' (22 Mei 1926 – 16 Februari 2010) alikuwa Ronald B. Howes mvumbuzi wa [[Marekani]] wa vifaa vya kuchezea, anayejulikana zaidi kwa kubuni Easy-Bake Oven, kifaa cha kuchezea cha kupikia kilichoanza kuuzwa kwa watumiaji mwaka 1963.<ref name=ce>{{cite news|first=Barry M.|last=Horstman|title=Ronald Howes, inventor of Easy-Bake Oven, dies at 83|url=[http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20100219/NEWS01/2200320/Easy-Bake+Oven+inventor+dies|wor...' 1548075 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ronald B. Howes''' (22 Mei 1926 – 16 Februari 2010) alikuwa Ronald B. Howes mvumbuzi wa [[Marekani]] wa vifaa vya kuchezea, anayejulikana zaidi kwa kubuni Easy-Bake Oven, kifaa cha kuchezea cha kupikia kilichoanza kuuzwa kwa watumiaji mwaka 1963.<ref name=ce>{{cite news|first=Barry M.|last=Horstman|title=Ronald Howes, inventor of Easy-Bake Oven, dies at 83|url=[http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20100219/NEWS01/2200320/Easy-Bake+Oven+inventor+dies|work=[[Cincinnati](http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20100219/NEWS01/2200320/Easy-Bake+Oven+inventor+dies|work=[[Cincinnati) Enquirer]]|date=2010-02-19|accessdate=2010-03-04|url-status=dead|archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100223002016/http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20100219/NEWS01/2200320/Easy-Bake+Oven+inventor+dies|archivedate=2010-02-23}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20100223002016/http://news.cincinnati.com/article/20100219/NEWS01/2200320/Easy-Bake+Oven+inventor+dies|archivedate=2010-02-23}})</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1926|2010}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 00zq5n5qmo1b4sh7h5xh909fp4d73u0 0 237483 1548076 2026-05-22T06:17:54Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Greg Eaton Hyman''' (25 Juni 1947 – 1 Mei 2026) alikuwa Greg Hyman mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]], na mmoja wa washirika wa kubuni kichezeo maarufu cha Tickle Me Elmo, mdoli laini unaocheka na kutetemeka ambao ulikuwa miongoni mwa vichezeo vilivyouzwa sana mwaka 1996. == Maisha ya awali == Hyman alizaliwa tarehe 25 Juni 1947 katika [[New Rochelle, New York]]. Akiwa bado kijana mdogo (pre-teen), alianza kutoa masomo ya kulipia kwa...' 1548076 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Greg Eaton Hyman''' (25 Juni 1947 – 1 Mei 2026) alikuwa Greg Hyman mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]], na mmoja wa washirika wa kubuni kichezeo maarufu cha Tickle Me Elmo, mdoli laini unaocheka na kutetemeka ambao ulikuwa miongoni mwa vichezeo vilivyouzwa sana mwaka 1996. == Maisha ya awali == Hyman alizaliwa tarehe 25 Juni 1947 katika [[New Rochelle, New York]]. Akiwa bado kijana mdogo (pre-teen), alianza kutoa masomo ya kulipia kwa wanafunzi wenzake kuhusu umeme, ambapo masomo matatu ya mwanzo yalikuwa ya bure. Pia alitengeneza kifaa cha kuchezea cha kuruka kinachofanana na roketi kilichotumia sehemu za ndani za mashine ya kufulia.<ref name=Strong>Hogan, Patricia. [[https://www.museumofplay.org/blog/the-path-to-toy-invention-greg-hyman/](https://www.museumofplay.org/blog/the-path-to-toy-invention-greg-hyman/) The Path to Toy Invention: Greg Hyman], [[The Strong National Museum of Play]], April 17, 2012. Accessed May 19, 2026.</ref> Baadaye aliacha masomo katika Cornell University katika mwaka wake wa kwanza ili kuzingatia ubunifu wa uvumbuzi wake akiwa nyumbani (basement), ambapo alitengeneza miradi mbalimbali ikiwemo gari linaloelea (hovering bumper car) na kifaa cha kuzuia mafuta kusafirishwa kwa njia isiyo sahihi katika matangi ya magari (anti-siphoning device). == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1947|2026}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 3dca2b3nc9s975mz3xgvbcyio5pbq1l 0 237484 1548077 2026-05-22T06:20:17Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548077 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adam Bombolé Intole''' (amezaliwa 18 Machi 1957 huko Coquilhatville, Belgian Congo) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aligombea urais katika uchaguzi wa mwaka 2011 nchini DRC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=CENI RD Congo :Candidature à la présidentielle pour l'élection 2011|url=http://www.ceni.gouv.cd/candidature.aspx?type=1&id=73|work=www.ceni.gouv.cd|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1957]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s8lrqig2wd8c5toh0rrn9d6umrkufow 0 237485 1548080 2026-05-22T06:26:44Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Richard Thompson James''' (27 Machi 1918 – 13 Julai 1974) alikuwa Richard T. James mhandisi wa majini kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa kubuni kichezeo cha Slinky pamoja na mke wake Betty James huko Haverford Township, Pennsylvania mwaka 1943. == Elimu == James alizaliwa tarehe 27 Machi 1918. Mwaka 1935, alihitimu kutoka Westtown School, shule ya bweni ya [[Quaker]] iliyopo Chester County, Pennsylvania. Mwaka 1939, alihitimu shahada ya uhan...' 1548080 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Thompson James''' (27 Machi 1918 – 13 Julai 1974) alikuwa Richard T. James mhandisi wa majini kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana zaidi kwa kubuni kichezeo cha Slinky pamoja na mke wake Betty James huko Haverford Township, Pennsylvania mwaka 1943. == Elimu == James alizaliwa tarehe 27 Machi 1918. Mwaka 1935, alihitimu kutoka Westtown School, shule ya bweni ya [[Quaker]] iliyopo Chester County, Pennsylvania. Mwaka 1939, alihitimu shahada ya uhandisi wa mitambo (mechanical engineering) kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Pennsylvania State.<ref>[[http://giveto.psu.edu/s/1218/index.aspx?sid=1218&gid=1&pgid=704](http://giveto.psu.edu/s/1218/index.aspx?sid=1218&gid=1&pgid=704) Penn State: What’s the connection between a Slinky and Penn State?]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1918|1974}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] k3gpzfirkfm6gtyquhjqzqag5ab16y1 0 237486 1548082 2026-05-22T06:27:58Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548082 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sylvanus Mushi Bonane''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=New cabinet sworn in in DR Congo|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/new-cabinet-sworn-in-in-dr-congo-20081102-5g0w.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=2008-11-01|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Mwaka 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Utafiti wa Kisayansi katika serikali ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 23y2dptz6visjifhggr1ae15809pq7f 0 237487 1548084 2026-05-22T06:31:21Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548084 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Lucien Bussa Tongba''' (amezaliwa 26 Machi 1962) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Amekuwa Waziri wa Biashara ya Nje tangu mwaka 2017, akiwa katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021, na pia ni mbunge tangu 2019. Yeye ni mratibu wa jukwaa la kisiasa la Coalition of Democrats (CODE).<ref>{{Cite web|title=La nouvelle configuration de la « Coalition des démocrates » présentée à Kinshasa|url=https://acp.cd/nation/la-nouvelle-configuration-de-la-coalition-des-democrates-presentee-a-kinshasa/|work=ACP|date=2023-05-28|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Tangu 2024, pia amekuwa Waziri wa Portfolio. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] jsmxpuzh92r43rynj5tgd49wtbf7oqc 1548282 1548084 2026-05-22T11:46:22Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548282 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Lucien Bussa Tongba''' (amezaliwa 26 Machi 1962) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Amekuwa Waziri wa Biashara ya Nje tangu mwaka 2017, akiwa katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021, na pia ni mbunge tangu 2019. Yeye ni mratibu wa jukwaa la kisiasa la Coalition of Democrats (CODE).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=La nouvelle configuration de la « Coalition des démocrates » présentée à Kinshasa|url=https://acp.cd/nation/la-nouvelle-configuration-de-la-coalition-des-democrates-presentee-a-kinshasa/|work=ACP|date=2023-05-28|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Tangu 2024, pia amekuwa Waziri wa Portfolio. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] da67mswpvhpzw1as6wldruce7ifeo6s 0 237488 1548087 2026-05-22T06:41:45Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548087 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Célestin Cibalonza Byaterana''' (amezaliwa 1964) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=::::mediacongo.net:::|url=http://www.mediacongo.net/show.asp?doc=7547|work=www.mediacongo.net|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> Alikuwa gavana wa zamani wa mkoa wa Sud-Kivu. Alichaguliwa mwaka 2007 kupitia uchaguzi wa ugavana uliofanywa na bunge la mkoa wa Sud-Kivu. Baada ya kuchaguliwa, alimteua Léon Mumate Nyamatomwa kuwa naibu wake (vice-governor). Hata hivyo, Nyamatomwa alifariki dunia tarehe 11 Mei 2007 huko Kinshasa, na baadaye bunge la mkoa lilimchagua Bernard Watunakanza Banamwezi kumrithi kama naibu gavana. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 2a7vw078m85g6294fnv40yrtanl5bcz 0 237489 1548090 2026-05-22T06:47:49Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548090 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Célestin Tunda Yakasende''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC : le ministre de la Justice, Célestin Tunda Ya Kasende, brièvement interpellé|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1007677/politique/rdc-arrestation-du-ministre-de-la-justice-celestin-tunda-ya-kasende/|work=JeuneAfrique.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Sheria na Mlinzi wa Mihuri wa DRC katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1lgm3i2aup43vx8q94zjv6eg4w2qldh 0 237490 1548091 2026-05-22T06:48:47Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Tim Kehoe''' (11 Mei 1970 – 27 Februari 2014) alikuwa Tim Kehoe mwandishi na mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[St. Paul, Minnesota]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mabulabula yenye rangi yasiyoacha madoa yanayojulikana kama Zubbles. Kehoe alitengeneza Zubbles baada ya zaidi ya miaka 14 ya utafiti na maendeleo,<ref name="Popular Science">{{cite web|url=[http://www.popsci.com/popsci/science/0a03b5108e097010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html|title=The](...' 1548091 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Tim Kehoe''' (11 Mei 1970 – 27 Februari 2014) alikuwa Tim Kehoe mwandishi na mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[St. Paul, Minnesota]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mabulabula yenye rangi yasiyoacha madoa yanayojulikana kama Zubbles. Kehoe alitengeneza Zubbles baada ya zaidi ya miaka 14 ya utafiti na maendeleo,<ref name="Popular Science">{{cite web|url=[http://www.popsci.com/popsci/science/0a03b5108e097010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html|title=The](http://www.popsci.com/popsci/science/0a03b5108e097010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html|title=The) 11-Year Quest to Create Disappearing Colored Bubbles|accessdate=2007-07-10|url-status=dead|archiveurl=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070705173319/http://www.popsci.com/popsci/science/0a03b5108e097010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html|archivedate=2007-07-05}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20070705173319/http://www.popsci.com/popsci/science/0a03b5108e097010vgnvcm1000004eecbccdrcrd.html|archivedate=2007-07-05}})</ref> akichanganya utafiti kutoka nyanja mbalimbali zikiwemo [[chemistry|kemia]] na sayansi ya rangi (dyeing). Alifariki ghafla akiwa na umri wa miaka 43 mwaka 2014.<ref name="STObit">{{cite news|last1=Powell|first1=Joy|title=Obituary: St. Paul inventor Tim Kehoe created the first colored bubbles|url=[http://www.startribune.com/obituary-st-paul-inventor-tim-kehoe-created-the-first-colored-bubbles/250477101/|accessdate=13](http://www.startribune.com/obituary-st-paul-inventor-tim-kehoe-created-the-first-colored-bubbles/250477101/|accessdate=13) September 2016|work=Star Tribune|date=15 March 2014}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1970|2014}} [[Jamii:watu wa Marekani]] khbuy5ywy5ex578iujhc2u4n8ss0yxp 0 237491 1548093 2026-05-22T06:52:05Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548093 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Célestin Tunda Yakasende''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kinshasa: César Lubamba rassure sur la construction de 1000 logements sociaux à Bandalungwa|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/emissions-2/linvite-du-jour/2011/05/12/kinshasa-cesar-lubamba-rassure-sur-la-construction-de-1000-logements-sociaux-a-bandalungwa|work=Radio Okapi|date=2011-05-12|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Sheria na Mlinzi wa Mihuri wa DRC katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] klym0rt00bvla79q7tz54ngkye7yefl 0 237492 1548094 2026-05-22T06:52:11Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dan Klitsner''' ni mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa ubunifu wa kampuni ya kubuni na kutoa leseni za vichezeo iitwayo KID Group LLC. Klitsner amebuni na kuidhinisha (licensing) vichezeo kadhaa vilivyofanikiwa sana sokoni, ikiwemo Bop It,<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=6210278&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP|title=Espacenet](https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=6210278&KC=&FT=E&loca...' 1548094 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan Klitsner''' ni mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa ubunifu wa kampuni ya kubuni na kutoa leseni za vichezeo iitwayo KID Group LLC. Klitsner amebuni na kuidhinisha (licensing) vichezeo kadhaa vilivyofanikiwa sana sokoni, ikiwemo Bop It,<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=6210278&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP|title=Espacenet](https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=6210278&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP|title=Espacenet) Bibliographic data|website=worldwide.espacenet.com|language=en|access-date=2018-01-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2016/jun/13/how-we-made-bop-it-childrens-games-design|title=How](https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2016/jun/13/how-we-made-bop-it-childrens-games-design|title=How) we made Bop It!|last=Virtue|first=Graeme|date=2016-06-13|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-01-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-27 |title=Talkin' Toys: Celebrating 25 Years of Bop It with Creator Dan Klitsner • The Toy Book |url=[https://toybook.com/talkin-toys-25-years-of-bop-it/](https://toybook.com/talkin-toys-25-years-of-bop-it/) |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=The Toy Book |language=en-US}}</ref> Perplexus na Hyper Dash.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Buckleitner |first=Warren |date=2007-07-19 |title=Electronically Enhancing the Backyard Running Games of Childhood |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/19/technology/circuits/19tag.html](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/19/technology/circuits/19tag.html) |access-date=2022-09-18 |issn=0361-4331}}</ref> Ubunifu wake umepewa uteuzi na tuzo zaidi ya mara ishirini, zikiwemo Tuzo mbili za dhahabu za IDEA na tuzo nne za “Toy of the Year” kutoka Toy Association. Pia alisaidia kuanzisha kampuni ya QiGo Inc., iliyotumia teknolojia ya USB key kuwezesha miunganisho salama ya intaneti kwa vichezeo vinavyotumika na watoto.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=[http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|title=Dan](http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|title=Dan) Klitsner, Co-founder, KID Group LLC {{!}} Digital Kids Conference - April 25–26, 2012 - Los Angeles, CA|website=engage2012.engagedigital.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-28|url-status=dead|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004358/http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|archive-date=29](https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004358/http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|archive-date=29) January 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rtu2rg45r4bts2oxq080uvkxs511pm3 1548199 1548094 2026-05-22T10:40:17Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 5 template(s) replaced. 1548199 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dan Klitsner''' ni mwanzilishi na mkurugenzi wa ubunifu wa kampuni ya kubuni na kutoa leseni za vichezeo iitwayo KID Group LLC. Klitsner amebuni na kuidhinisha (licensing) vichezeo kadhaa vilivyofanikiwa sana sokoni, ikiwemo Bop It,<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=6210278&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP|title=Espacenet](https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=6210278&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP|title=Espacenet) Bibliographic data|website=worldwide.espacenet.com|language=en|access-date=2018-01-28}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2016/jun/13/how-we-made-bop-it-childrens-games-design|title=How](https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2016/jun/13/how-we-made-bop-it-childrens-games-design|title=How) we made Bop It!|last=Virtue|first=Graeme|date=2016-06-13|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-01-28}}</ref><ref>{{Rejea tovuti |date=2022-09-27 |title=Talkin' Toys: Celebrating 25 Years of Bop It with Creator Dan Klitsner • The Toy Book |url=[https://toybook.com/talkin-toys-25-years-of-bop-it/](https://toybook.com/talkin-toys-25-years-of-bop-it/) |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=The Toy Book |language=en-US}}</ref> Perplexus na Hyper Dash.<ref>{{Rejea habari |last=Buckleitner |first=Warren |date=2007-07-19 |title=Electronically Enhancing the Backyard Running Games of Childhood |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/19/technology/circuits/19tag.html](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/19/technology/circuits/19tag.html) |access-date=2022-09-18 |issn=0361-4331}}</ref> Ubunifu wake umepewa uteuzi na tuzo zaidi ya mara ishirini, zikiwemo Tuzo mbili za dhahabu za IDEA na tuzo nne za “Toy of the Year” kutoka Toy Association. Pia alisaidia kuanzisha kampuni ya QiGo Inc., iliyotumia teknolojia ya USB key kuwezesha miunganisho salama ya intaneti kwa vichezeo vinavyotumika na watoto.<ref name=":1">{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|title=Dan](http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|title=Dan) Klitsner, Co-founder, KID Group LLC {{!}} Digital Kids Conference - April 25–26, 2012 - Los Angeles, CA|website=engage2012.engagedigital.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-28|url-status=dead|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004358/http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|archive-date=29](https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004358/http://engage2012.engagedigital.com/speakers-info/dan-klitsner-co-founder-kid-group-llc/|archive-date=29) January 2018}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] d2m4zel4o5owb5dntaad0vhno0lxcf5 0 237493 1548095 2026-05-22T06:58:57Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548095 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Clément Kwete''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Portfolio katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Clément Kwete Archives|url=https://infocongo.net/tag/clement-kwete/|work=Infocongo|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr-FR|author=Infocongo}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tokqgryxq7kn4qidstbwbppvci1lwhz 0 237494 1548096 2026-05-22T06:59:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lam Leung-tim''' (30 Machi 1924 – 10 Novemba 2025) mfanyabiashara wa Hong Kong-[[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa tasnia ya vichezeo ya Hong Kong. Anajulikana sana kama mmoja wa watu waliohusishwa na maendeleo ya vichezeo vya plastiki na pia kama mtengenezaji anayehusishwa na umaarufu wa bata wa njano wa kuchezea katika Asia. Alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika ukuaji wa viwanda vya vichezeo vya Hong Kong kupitia kampuni za...' 1548096 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lam Leung-tim''' (30 Machi 1924 – 10 Novemba 2025) mfanyabiashara wa Hong Kong-[[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China|China]] na mmoja wa waanzilishi wa tasnia ya vichezeo ya Hong Kong. Anajulikana sana kama mmoja wa watu waliohusishwa na maendeleo ya vichezeo vya plastiki na pia kama mtengenezaji anayehusishwa na umaarufu wa bata wa njano wa kuchezea katika Asia. Alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika ukuaji wa viwanda vya vichezeo vya Hong Kong kupitia kampuni zake za utengenezaji, ambazo zilishirikiana pia na makampuni makubwa ya kimataifa katika uzalishaji wa vichezeo vilivyosambaa duniani. Lam alizaliwa Hong Kong na baadaye kupitia kazi yake katika sekta ya plastiki na utengenezaji, alisaidia kujenga mtandao mkubwa wa viwanda uliosaidia Hong Kong kuwa kitovu muhimu cha utengenezaji wa vichezeo duniani katika karne ya 20.<ref name="scmp">{{cite news |title=Hong Kong toy tycoon Lam Leung-tim, creator of iconic rubber duck, dead |url=[https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/society/article/3332984/hong-kong-toy-tycoon-lam-leung-tim-creator-iconic-yellow-rubber-duck-dead-105](https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/society/article/3332984/hong-kong-toy-tycoon-lam-leung-tim-creator-iconic-yellow-rubber-duck-dead-105) |work=South China Morning Post |date=16 Nov 2025 |access-date=2026-01-23}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1924|2025}} [[Jamii:Watu wa China]] gcfqblnydf3wcyhqjl24ikbbz4qezab 828 237495 1548098 2026-05-22T07:04:10Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'require('strict') local p = {} local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() local config_file = frame.args.config and frame.args.config~='' and ('/' .. frame.args.config) or '' local config = mw.loadData('Module:Authority control/config' .. config_file) local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local namespace = title.namespace local testcases = title.subpageText == config.i18n.testcases local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local wikilink = function(t...' 1548098 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local p = {} local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame() local config_file = frame.args.config and frame.args.config~='' and ('/' .. frame.args.config) or '' local config = mw.loadData('Module:Authority control/config' .. config_file) local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() local namespace = title.namespace local testcases = title.subpageText == config.i18n.testcases local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local wikilink = function(target, label) return label and '[[' .. target .. '|' .. label .. ']]' or '[[' .. target .. ']]' end local needsAttention = function(sortkey) return wikilink(config.i18n.category .. ':' .. config.i18n.attentioncat, sortkey .. title.text) end local addCat = function(cat, sortkey) if cat and cat~='' and (namespace==0 or namespace==14 or testcases) then return wikilink(config.i18n.category..':'..cat, sortkey and sortkey..title.text) else return '' end end local tooltip = function(text, label) if label and label~='' then return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'Tooltip', args = {text, label} } else return text end end local _makelink = function(id, val, additional, qid) --validate values and create a link local link = mw.html.create('span'):addClass('uid') if not additional and id.prefix then --show prefix on primary value link:wikitext(id.prefix .. ': ') end local valid_value = false if id.customlink then -- use function to validate and generate link local newlink = require(config.auxiliary)[id.customlink](val.id, additional) if newlink then link:wikitext(newlink) valid_value = true end else if id.pattern then -- check pattern to determine validity valid_value = string.match(val.id, '^' .. id.pattern .. '$') elseif id.patterns then -- check multiple patterns to determine validity for _, pattern in ipairs(id.patterns) do valid_value = val.id:match('^' .. pattern .. '$') if valid_value then break end end elseif id.valid then -- use function to determine validity valid_value = require(config.auxiliary)[id.valid](val.id) else -- no validation possible valid_value = val.id end if valid_value then local label = id.label if not label or additional then label = tostring(additional) end local newlink if id.link then valid_value = valid_value:gsub('%%', '%%%%') local target = mw.ustring.gsub(id.link, '%$1', valid_value):gsub(' ', '%%20') newlink = '[' .. target .. ' ' .. label .. ']' else newlink = valid_value end link:wikitext(tooltip(newlink, val.name)) end end if valid_value then local cat = id.category and string.format(config.i18n.cat, id.category) link:wikitext(addCat(cat)) else local wdlink = qid and wikilink(':wikidata:' .. qid .. '#P' .. id.property) or '' local name = mw.wikibase.getLabel('P' .. id.property) or '' local tooltip = string.format( config.i18n.idnotvalid, name, val.id ) local cat = id.category and string.format( config.i18n.cat, config.i18n.faulty .. ' ' .. id.category ) link:wikitext(wikilink('File:' .. config.i18n.warningicon .. '|20px|frameless|link=' .. wdlink, tooltip .. '.')) :wikitext(addCat(cat)) :wikitext(addCat(config.i18n.allfaultycat, name)) end return link end local _makelinks = function(id, qid) --[[==================================]] --[[ Make links ]] --[[==================================]] local getquals = function(statement, qualid) if statement.qualifiers and statement.qualifiers['P'..qualid] then return mw.wikibase.renderSnak(statement.qualifiers['P'..qualid][1]) end end local ids = {} if qid then for _, statement in ipairs(mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, 'P'..id.property)) do if statement.mainsnak.datavalue then local val = statement.mainsnak.datavalue.value if val then local namedas = getquals(statement, 1810) or getquals(statement, 742) or '' table.insert(ids, {id=val, name=namedas}) end end end end local links if ids[1] then links = mw.html.create('li'):node(_makelink(id, ids[1], false, qid)) if ids[2] then local sublinks = mw.html.create('ul') for n = 2, #ids do sublinks:tag('li'):node(_makelink(id, ids[n], n, qid)):done() end links:node(sublinks) end end return links end p.authorityControl = function(frame) --[[==================================]] --[[ Main ]] --[[==================================]] local args = getArgs(frame, {parentOnly = true}) local resolveQID = function(qid) if qid then qid = 'Q' .. mw.ustring.gsub(qid, '^[Qq]', '') if mw.wikibase.isValidEntityId(qid) and mw.wikibase.entityExists(qid) then local sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid) if sitelink then return mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForTitle(sitelink) or mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid).id end return mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid).id end end end local conf = config.config local auxCats = '' local rct = false -- boolean to track if there are any links to be returned local qid, topic if namespace==0 and mw.wikibase ~= nil then qid = mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage() end if qid then -- article is connected to a Wikidata item if args.qid and resolveQID(args.qid)~=qid then -- non-matching qid parameter auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('D') end else -- page is not connected to any Wikidata item qid = resolveQID(args.qid) -- check qid parameter if no wikidata item is connected if qid then -- qid parameter is valid, set topic to display topic = mw.wikibase.getLabel(qid) if topic then if mw.ustring.lower(title.subpageText)==mw.ustring.lower(topic) then -- suppress topic display if subpagename equals topic up to case change topic = nil end if topic and mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid) then -- make wikilink to article topic = wikilink(mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid), topic) end else auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('L') end elseif args.qid then -- invalid qid has been supplied, add to tracking cat auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('Q') end end local qids = {} -- setup any additional QIDs if args.additional=='auto' then if qid then -- check P527 for parts to add additional qids local checkparts = function(property) local parts = mw.wikibase.getBestStatements(qid, property) if parts then for _, part in ipairs(parts) do if part.mainsnak.datavalue and part.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id then local resolvedqid = resolveQID(part.mainsnak.datavalue.value.id) if resolvedqid then table.insert(qids,resolvedqid) end end end end end for _, part in ipairs(config.auto_additional) do checkparts('P' .. part) end end elseif args.additional then for _, v in ipairs(mw.text.split(args.additional, '%s*,%s*')) do v = resolveQID(v) if v then if v==qid then -- duplicate of qid parameter auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('R') end table.insert(qids, v) else -- invalid QID specified auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('A') end end end local numsections, sections = 0, {} for _, _ in ipairs(config.sections) do -- count number of regular sections numsections = numsections + 1 end for _ = 1, #qids+numsections do table.insert(sections, {}) end -- check which identifiers to show/suppress in template local show, show_all_unsuppressed = {}, true local stripP = function(pid) --strip P from property number if pid:match('^[Pp]%d+$') then pid = mw.ustring.gsub(pid, '[Pp]', '') end pid = tonumber(pid) if pid and mw.wikibase.entityExists('P' .. pid) then return pid end end local addshowlist = function(list) if list then for _, v in ipairs(mw.text.split(string.lower(list), '%s*,%s*')) do if config.whitelists[v] then -- e.g. show=arts to use whitelist for _, w in ipairs(config.whitelists[v].properties) do show[w] = true end else v = stripP(v) if v then -- e.g. show=P214 to show one particular property show[v] = true else -- unrecognised property or whitelist auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('W') end end end show_all_unsuppressed = false end end addshowlist(frame.args.show) -- check show parameter on wrapper template addshowlist(args.show) -- check show parameter on article addshowlist(args.country) -- check country parameter on article if args.suppress then local suppresslist = mw.text.split(args.suppress, '%s*,%s*') -- split parameter by comma for _, v in ipairs(suppresslist) do v = stripP(v) if v then show[v] = false auxCats = auxCats .. wikilink(config.i18n.category .. ':' .. config.i18n.suppressedcat) else auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('P') end end end local makeSections = function(qid, addit) for _, id in ipairs(conf) do if id.suppressedbyproperty then for _, property in ipairs(id.suppressedbyproperty) do if show[property]=='used' then -- property is in use show[id.property] = false -- suppressed by another property end end end if show[id.property]==nil then show[id.property] = show_all_unsuppressed end if show[id.property] then local links = _makelinks(id, qid) if links then table.insert( sections[addit or id.section], links ) show[id.property] = 'used' rct = true end end end end local pencil = function(qid) if qid then return require('Module:EditAtWikidata')._showMessage{ pid = 'identifiers', qid = qid } else return '' end end makeSections(qid, false) for c = 1, #qids do makeSections(qids[c], numsections+c) end --configure Navbox local outString = '' if rct then -- there is at least one link to display local Navbox = require('Module:Navbox') local sect, lastsect = 0, 0 local navboxArgs = { name = 'Authority control', navboxclass = 'authority-control', bodyclass = 'hlist', state = args.state or config.i18n.autocollapse, navbar = 'off' } for c = 1, numsections+#qids do if #sections[c]>0 then -- section is non-empty sect = sect + 1 lastsect = c local sectname if c<=numsections then -- regular section sectname = config.sections[c].name else -- section from additional qid local qid = qids[c-numsections] local label, sitelink = mw.wikibase.getLabel(qid), mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid) if label then if sitelink then local target = mw.title.new(sitelink) if target==title or (target.isRedirect and target.redirectTarget==title) then -- do not link sectname = label else -- make wikilink to article sectname = wikilink(sitelink, label) end else sectname = label end else auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('L') sectname = qid end sectname = sectname .. pencil(qid) end navboxArgs['group' .. c] = sectname local list = mw.html.create('ul') for _, link in ipairs(sections[c]) do list:node(link) end navboxArgs['list' .. c] = tostring(list) end end if topic then -- display in expanded form with topic navboxArgs.title = config.i18n.aclink .. ' &ndash; ' .. topic .. pencil(qid) elseif sect==1 then -- special display when only one section if lastsect<=numsections then if config.sections[lastsect].hidelabelwhenalone then -- no special label when only general or other IDs are present navboxArgs['group' .. lastsect] = config.i18n.aclink .. pencil(qid) else -- other regular section navboxArgs['group' .. lastsect] = config.i18n.aclink .. ': ' .. navboxArgs['group' .. lastsect] .. pencil(qid) end else -- section from additional qid navboxArgs['group' .. lastsect] = config.i18n.aclink .. ': ' .. navboxArgs['group' .. lastsect] end else -- add title to navbox navboxArgs.title = config.i18n.aclink .. pencil(qid) end outString = Navbox._navbox(navboxArgs) end if args.state and args.state~=config.i18n.collapsed and args.state~=config.i18n.expanded and args.state~=config.i18n.autocollapse then --invalid state parameter auxCats = auxCats .. needsAttention('S') end if testcases then auxCats = mw.ustring.gsub(auxCats, '(%[%[)(' .. config.i18n.category .. ')', '%1:%2') --for easier checking end --out outString = outString .. auxCats if namespace~=0 then outString = mw.ustring.gsub(outString, '(%[%[)(' .. config.i18n.category .. ':' .. config.i18n.Articles .. ')([^%|%]]+)%|?[^%|%]]*(%]%])','%1:%2%3%4') outString = mw.ustring.gsub(outString, '(%[%[)(' .. config.i18n.category .. ':' .. config.i18n.All_articles .. ')([^%|%]]+)%|?[^%|%]]*(%]%])','%1:%2%3%4') end local check = require('Module:Check for unknown parameters')._check local sortkey outString = outString .. check({ ['unknown'] = wikilink(config.i18n.category .. ':' .. config.i18n.attentioncat, 'U'), ['preview'] = config.i18n.previewwarning, 'show', 'country', 'suppress', 'additional', 'qid', 'state' }, args) return outString end p.makelink = function(id, qid) return _makelinks(id, qid) end return p 491eiemwohl5s3gylyl4528nljf9pu6 828 237496 1548099 2026-05-22T07:06:07Z Said Mfaume 68307 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika 'require('strict') local p = {} p.auxiliary = 'Module:Authority control/auxiliary' p.i18n = { aclink = '[[Help:Authority control|Authority control databases]]', ACmodule = 'Module:Authority control', attentioncat = 'Pages with authority control identifiers needing attention', All_articles = 'All articles', allfaultycat = 'Articles with faulty authority control information', Appears_as = 'Appears as', -- used on documentation table to show example Art...' 1548099 Scribunto text/plain require('strict') local p = {} p.auxiliary = 'Module:Authority control/auxiliary' p.i18n = { aclink = '[[Help:Authority control|Authority control databases]]', ACmodule = 'Module:Authority control', attentioncat = 'Pages with authority control identifiers needing attention', All_articles = 'All articles', allfaultycat = 'Articles with faulty authority control information', Appears_as = 'Appears as', -- used on documentation table to show example Articles = 'Articles', autocollapse = 'autocollapse', -- Navbox state parameter cat = 'Articles with %s identifiers', category = 'Category', Code = 'Code', collapsed = 'collapsed', -- Navbox state parameter Description = 'Description', errortemplate = 'Error', -- e.g. [[Template:Error]], expanded = 'expanded', -- Navbox state parameter faultcat = 'Articles with faulty authority control information', Faults = 'Faults', faulty = 'faulty', identifier = 'identifier', identifiers = 'identifiers', idnotvalid = 'The %s identifier %s is not valid.', linktemplate = 'Wikidata property link', -- refers to [[Template:Wikidata property link]] maincat = 'Articles with authority control information', name = 'Authority control', navbox = 'Module:Navbox', pages = 'pages', pageswithparams = 'Pages using authority control with unknown parameters', -- name of category for tracking uses with parameters previewwarning = 'page using [[Template:Authority control]] with unexpected local parameter "_VALUE_". All identifiers should be stored on Wikidata.', -- preview message when local parameters are used sandbox = 'sandbox', Section = 'Section', suppressedcat = 'Articles with suppressed authority control identifiers', testcases = 'testcases', Topic = 'Topic', Totals = 'Totals', Tracking_category = 'Tracking category', warningicon = '345-409 Ambox warning centered.svg', -- icon used for faulty ids WDproperty = 'Wikidata property', } p.config = {{ property = 213, section = 1, label = 'ISNI', valid = 'validateIsni', link = 'https://isni.org/isni/$1', remark = 'ISNI is a method for uniquely identifying the public identities of contributors to media content such as books, TV programmes, and newspaper articles. Please take care not to confuse ISNI and ORCID identifiers.' }, { property = 214, section = 1, label = 'VIAF', patterns = {'[1-9]%d%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', '[1-9]%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d?%d?%d?'}, link = 'https://viaf.org/viaf/$1', remark = 'International authority data from the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC)' }, { property = 227, section = 1, patterns = {'1[0123]?%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[0-9X]', '[47]%d%d%d%d%d%d%-%d', '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%-[0-9X]', '3%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[0-9X]'}, link = 'https://d-nb.info/gnd/$1', label = 'GND', remark = 'Authority data on people, corporations and subjects from the [[Integrated Authority File]]' }, { property = 244, section = 2, pattern = '%l%l?%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d?%d?', link = 'https://id.loc.gov/authorities/$1', label = 'United States', remark = 'See [[Wikipedia:Authority control#LCCN]] for formatting instructions' }, { property = 245, section = 5, pattern = '500%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=$1', label = 'ULAN', remark = 'ULAN is an online database using a controlled vocabulary currently containing around 293,000 names and other information about artists. Names in ULAN may include given names, pseudonyms, variant spellings, names in multiple languages, and names that have changed over time (e.g., married names).' }, { property = 268, section = 2, valid = 'validateBNF', link = 'https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb$1', label = 'France', remark = 'Authority data of people listed in the general catalogue of the National Library of France' }, { property = 268, section = 2, valid = 'validateBNF', link = 'https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb$1', label = 'BnF data' }, { property = 269, section = 7, label = 'IdRef', pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[%dxX]', link = 'https://www.idref.fr/$1', remark = 'Authority data of people listed in the general catalogue of the University Documentation System of France. Also available from [http://www.sudoc.abes.fr/xslt//DB=2.1/SET=2/TTL=1/LNG=EN/ English-speaking catalog] (search author, click one book, click author name, take PPN= value of the URL)' }, { property = 271, section = 4, pattern = 'D[AB]%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[%dX]', link = 'https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/$1?l=en', label = 'CiNii', remark = 'CiNii is a bibliographic database service for material in Japanese academic libraries. It is maintained by the [[National Institute of Informatics]].' }, { property = 347, section = 7, pattern = ''..string.rep('[%-0-9A-Za-z]', 11)..'', link = 'https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/joconde/$1', label = 'Joconde', }, { property = 349, section = 2, link = 'https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/$1', patterns = {'a1%d?%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', 's?%d?%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d'}, label = 'Japan', remark = 'Authority data listed in the catalog of the national library of Japan. Search also available via [http://viaf.org/ VIAF].' }, { property = 350, section = 7, pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'https://rkd.nl/nl/explore/images/$1', label = 'RKD ID', }, { property = 380, section = 3, link = 'https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/merimee/$1', label = 'Mérimée', patterns = {'[PEI]A%d[0-9AB]%d%d%d%d%d%d','ACR%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', 'MI%d%d%dB?', 'JAR%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', 'SPR%d%d%d%d%d%d%d'} }, { property = 396, section = 2, pattern = '%u%u[%u0-3]V%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'https://opac.sbn.it/nome/$1', label = 'Italy', remark = 'Central Institute for the Union Catalogue (ICCU: {{lang|it|Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico}}) is an Italian government agency created to build a single catalog of all the libraries in the nation. It manages National Library Service ({{lang|it|Servizio bibliotecario nazionale}}).' }, { property = 428, section = 4, valid = 'botanistV', link = 'https://www.ipni.org/ipni/advAuthorSearch.do?find_abbreviation=$1', label = 'International Plant Names Index', remark = 'Author citation (botany): standard form (official abbreviation) of a personal name for use in an author citation (only for names of algae, fungi and plants). Links to page at [[International Plant Names Index]] (IPNI).' }, { property = 434, section = 5, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/artist/$1', label = 'MusicBrainz', remark = 'MusicBrainz is an open music encyclopedia that collects music metadata and makes it available to the public.' }, { property = 435, section = 7, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/work/$1', label = 'MusicBrainz work', }, { property = 436, section = 7, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/$1', label = 'MusicBrainz release group', }, { property = 454, section = 3, pattern = '[12]0%d%d%d%d%d%d', label = 'Structurae', link = 'https://structurae.net/structures/$1', }, { property = 496, section = 4, label = 'ORCID', valid = 'orcidV', link = 'https://orcid.org/$1', remark = 'Authority data on researchers, academics, etc. The ID range is a subset of the [[ISNI]] range. For free text links (for example when mentioning a person on page which is not about them), it is also possible to use {{tl|ORCID}}. Authors—including Wikipedia editors—may obtain an ORCID by signing up at [https://orcid.org/register orcid.org/register]. Please take care not to confuse ORCID and ISNI identifiers.' }, { property = 549, section = 4, pattern = '%d%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=$1', label = 'Mathematics Genealogy Project', remark = 'Mathematics Genealogy Project is a web-based database for the academic genealogy of mathematicians.' }, { property = 648, section = 7, link = 'https://openlibrary.org/works/$1?mode=all', label = 'Open Library', }, { property = 650, section = 5, pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/$1', label = 'RKD Artists', remark = 'RKDartists is an online database using a controlled vocabulary currently containing around 200,000+ names and other information about artists. Names in RKDartists may include given names, pseudonyms, variant spellings, names in multiple languages, and names that have changed over time (e.g., married names).' }, { property = 651, section = 6, patterns = {'%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', '0?%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', '0?0?%d%d%d%d%d%d'}, link = 'http://www.biografischportaal.nl/en/persoon/$1', label = 'Netherlands', remark = 'Dutch project with material for 40,000 digitized biographies, including former colonies of the Netherlands.' }, { property = 691, section = 2, pattern = '[a-z][a-z][a-z]?[a-z]?%d%d%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=$1&CON_LNG=ENG', label = 'Czech Republic', remark = 'National Library of the Czech Republic ({{lang|cs|Národní knihovna České republiky}}) is the central library of the Czech Republic.' }, { property = 716, section = 7, patterns = { '[1-3]%d%d%d%d%d%d%d?', '54%d%d%d%d%d%d' }, link = 'https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=$1', label = 'JPL SBDB', }, { property = 781, section = 5, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d?%d?', link = 'http://www.sikart.ch/KuenstlerInnen.aspx?id=$1&lng=en', label = 'SIKART', remark = 'SIKART is a biographical dictionary and a database on visual art in Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is published online by the Swiss Institute for Art Research (SIAR).' }, { property = 791, section = 6, customlink = 'ISILlink', remark = 'Libraries, museums and archives, decentralized national databases.' }, { property = 864, section = 4, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'https://dl.acm.org/profile/$1', label = 'Association for Computing Machinery', }, { property = 865, section = 6, link = 'https://bmlo.de/$1', label = 'BMLO', pattern = '[a-z][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]' }, { property = 886, section = 7, pattern = '%d+', link = 'http://www.e-lir.ch/e-LIR___Lexicon.$1.450.0.html', label = 'Lexicon Istoric Retic', remark = '{{lang|rm|Lexicon Istoric Retic}} (LIR) is a two volume version with a selection of articles published in Romansh.' }, { property = 902, section = 7, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d', label = 'Historical Dictionary of Switzerland', link = 'https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/$1', remark = 'Historical Dictionary of Switzerland is an encyclopedia on the history of Switzerland.' }, { property = 947, section = 2, pattern = '%d%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=$1&CON_LNG=ENG', label = 'Russia', remark = 'Russian State Library ({{lang|ru|Российская государственная библиотека}}) is the national library of Russia.' }, { property = 950, section = 2, patterns = {'[XF][XF]%d%d%d%d%d?%d?%d?', 'a%d%d%d%d%d?%d?%d?', 'bi[mcsv][aoei]%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', 'Mi[sm][eoa]%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d'}, link = 'https://datos.bne.es/resource/$1', label = 'Spain', remark = "National Library of Spain (BNE: ''Biblioteca Nacional de España'') is a major public library, the largest in Spain." }, { property = 966, section = 7, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', label = 'MusicBrainz label', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/label/$1', }, { property = 982, section = 3, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/area/$1', label = 'MusicBrainz area', }, { property = 1003, section = 2, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'http://aleph.bibnat.ro:8991/F/?func=direct&local_base=NLR10&doc_number=$1', label = 'Romania', }, { property = 1004, section = 3, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/place/$1', label = 'MusicBrainz place', }, { property = 1005, section = 2, pattern = '[1-9]%d*', link = 'http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/$1', label = 'Portugal', }, { property = 1006, section = 2, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[%dX]', link = 'http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p$1', label = 'Netherlands', }, { property = 1015, section = 2, patterns = {'[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', '[1-9]%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d'}, link = 'https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/$1', label = 'Norway', remark = 'BIBSYS is a supplier of library and information systems for all Norwegian university Libraries, the National Library of Norway, college libraries, and a number of research libraries and institutions.' }, { property = 1045, section = 6, link = 'https://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/(num_dept)/$1', label = 'Sycomore', pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?' }, { property = 1048, section = 2, pattern = '%d+', link = 'http://aleweb.ncl.edu.tw/F/?func=accref&acc_sequence=$1&CON_LNG=ENG', label = 'Taiwan', remark = 'National Central Library is the national library of Taiwan, Republic of China.' }, { property = 1053, section = 4, patterns = {'[A-Z][A-Z]?[A-Z]?%-%d%d%d%d%-19%d%d', '[A-Z][A-Z]?[A-Z]?%-%d%d%d%d%-20%d%d'}, link = 'https://www.researcherid.com/rid/$1', label = 'ResearcherID', remark = 'An identifying system for scientific authors. The system was introduced in January 2008 by [[Thomson Reuters]]. The combined use of the [[digital object identifier]] with the ResearcherID allows for a unique association of authors and scientific articles.' }, { property = 1146, section = 6, pattern = '%d+', link = 'https://www.iaaf.org/athletes/_/$1', label = 'World Athletics', remark = 'The IAAF athlete database lists information about [[sport of athletics]] competitors.' }, { property = 1153, section = 4, pattern = '[1-9]%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d?', link = 'https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=$1', label = 'Scopus', remark = 'SciVerse Scopus is a bibliographic database containing abstracts and citations for academic journal articles. It covers nearly 19,500 titles from over 5,000 international publishers, of which 16,500 are peer-reviewed journals in the scientific, technical, medical, and social sciences (including arts and humanities).' }, { property = 1157, section = 6, pattern = '[A-Z]00[01]%d%d%d', link = 'http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=$1', label = 'US Congress', remark = 'Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress and its predecessor, the Continental Congress. Also included are Delegates from territories and the District of Columbia and Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico.' }, { property = 1186, section = 6, label = 'MEP directory', link = 'https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/$1', pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', }, { property = 1225, section = 7, pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'https://catalog.archives.gov/id/$1', label = 'NARA', remark = 'National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records.' }, { property = 1248, section = 5, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'http://kulturnav.org/$1', label = 'KulturNav', remark = 'KulturNav is a Norwegian cloud-based software service, allowing users to create, manage and distribute name authorities and terminology, focusing on the needs of museums and other cultural heritage institutions. The software is developed by KulturIT ANS and the development project is funded by the [[Arts Council Norway]].' }, { property = 1315, section = 6, label = 'Trove', pattern = '[1-9]%d%d%d%d%d%d?%d?', link = 'https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/$1', }, { property = 1323, section = 7, pattern = 'A%d%d%.%d%.%d%d%.%d%d%d[FM]?', link = 'http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-externalid-url/?p=1323&url_prefix=https:%2F%2Fwww.unifr.ch%2Fifaa%2FPublic%2FEntryPage%2FTA98%20Tree%2FEntity%20TA98%20EN%2F&url_suffix=%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm&id=$1', label = 'Terminologia Anatomica', }, { property = 1330, section = 7, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/$1', label = 'MusicBrainz instrument', }, { property = 1362, section = 7, valid = 'tlsV', link = 'http://tls.theaterwissenschaft.ch/wiki/$1', label = 'Theaterlexikon', remark = '{{lang|de|Theaterlexikon der Schweiz}} (TLS) is an encyclopedia about theatre in Switzerland. It was developed by the Institute of Theatre Studies of the [[University of Berne]].' }, { property = 1368, section = 2, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=$1&P_CON_LNG=ENG', label = 'Latvia', }, { property = 1375, section = 2, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=$1&local_base=nsk10', label = 'Croatia', }, { property = 1407, section = 7, pattern = '%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%-%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x%x', link = 'https://musicbrainz.org/series/$1', label = 'MusicBrainz series', }, { property = 1556, section = 4, patterns = {'%l[%l%-]*','%l[%l%-]*%.%l[%l%-]*','%l[%l%-]*.%d*','%l[%l%-]*%.%l[%l%-]*%.%d*'}, link = 'https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:$1', label = 'zbMATH', }, { property = 1584, section = 3, label = 'Pleiades', link = 'https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/$1', pattern = '[1-9]%d*', remark = "Pleiades is a joint project of the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World at [[New York University]] and the Ancient World Mapping Center at the [[University of North Carolina]] at Chapel Hill." }, { property = 1707, section = 5, pattern = '[a-z%-]+%d*', link = 'https://www.daao.org.au/bio/$1', label = 'Australian Artists', }, { property = 1736, section = 5, pattern = '%d+', link = 'https://www.imj.org.il/artcenter/newsite/en/?artist=$1', label = 'ICIA (Israel)', }, { property = 1886, section = 3, link = 'https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=$1', label = 'Global Volcanism Program', pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d' }, { property = 1890, section = 2, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=$1', label = 'Chile', }, { property = 1907, section = 6, patterns = {'[a-z][-a-z]+-[1-3]%d%d?%d?%d?', '[a-z][-a-z]+-[1-9]%d?%d?%d?'}, link = 'http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/$1', label = 'Australia', }, { property = 1908, section = 6, pattern = '[1-9]%d*', link = 'https://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/$1/', label = 'Commonwealth War Graves Commission', }, { property = 1960, section = 4, pattern = '[%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u][%-_%d%l%u]', link = 'https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=$1', label = 'Google Scholar', }, { property = 1986, section = 6, link = 'https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/$1_(Dizionario-Biografico)', label = 'Italian People', }, { property = 2041, section = 5, pattern = '%d+', link = 'https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/$1/', label = 'Victoria', }, { property = 2163, section = 1, pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'https://id.worldcat.org/fast/$1', label = 'FAST', }, { property = 2174, section = 5, link = 'https://www.moma.org/artists/$1', label = 'Museum of Modern Art', pattern = '%d+' }, { property = 2268, section = 5, link = 'https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/ressources/repertoire-artistes-personnalites/$1', label = 'Musée d\'Orsay', pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?' }, { property = 2349, section = 5, pattern = '[1-9]%d*', link = 'http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/hi/gnt/dsi2/index.php?table_name=dsi&function=details&where_field=id&where_value=$1', label = 'Scientific illustrators', }, { property = 2418, section = 6, pattern = '10%d%d%d%d%d', label = 'Structurae', link = 'https://structurae.net/persons/$1', }, { property = 2456, section = 4, patterns = {'%d%d%d?%/%d+-?[%d]*[%a]*-?[%d]*', '[%a]+%/[%w]*-?[%d]*'}, link = 'https://dblp.org/pid/$1', label = 'DBLP', }, { property = 2484, section = 3, link = 'https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_detail.asp?ID=$1', label = 'NCES', pattern = '%d+' }, { property = 2558, section = 6, pattern = '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?', link = 'https://autores.uy/autor/$1', label = 'Uruguay', remark = "autores.uy is an author's database, that focus on [[Uruguay]]an authors. 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'https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/$1', label = 'Catalonia', }, { property = 10020, section = 6, pattern = '[0-9A-Z]+', link = 'https://handbook.aph.gov.au/Parliamentarian/$1', label = 'Australian Parliament', }, { property = 10299, section = 4, link = 'https://www.leopoldina.org/mitglieder/mitgliederverzeichnis/detail/$1/', label = 'Leopoldina', pattern = '[%-a-z]+%d?' }, { property = 10608, section = 5, link = 'https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/$1', label = 'FID', remark = 'FID performing arts', }, { property = 10832, section = 1, link = 'https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/$1', label = 'WorldCat', patterns = {'%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w%w', '[QP][1-9]%d*'}, remark = 'WorldCat Entities for persons and works, by [[OCLC]]', }, { property = 11152, section = 6, pattern = '[1-9]%d*', link = 'https://www.leonore.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/ui/notice/$1', label = 'Léonore' }, { property = 11249, section = 2, pattern = '%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/$1', label = 'Belgium', }, { property = 11646, section = 6, label = 'Deutsche Synchronkartei', link = 'https://www.synchronkartei.de/person/$1', remark = 'Online database of voice actors in film and television productions', pattern = string.rep('[0-9a-zA-Z_-]',9) }, { property = 11729, section = 7, label = 'Kulturenvanteri monument', link = 'https://kulturenvanteri.com/yer/?p=$1', pattern = '%d+' }, { property = 12204, section = 7, label = 'ELMCIP', link = 'https://elmcip.net/node/$1', remark = 'Identifier for an entry in the Electronic Literature as a Model of Creativity and Innovation in Practice (ELNCIP) Knowledge Base', pattern = '[1-9]%d*' }, { property = 12362, section = 6, pattern = '[a-z]+[a-z%-]*%d?', link = 'https://parliament.vic.gov.au/members/$1', label = 'Victorian Parliament', }, { property = 12754, section = 7, pattern = '000%d%d%d%d%d%d%d', link = 'https://id.bildindex.de/thing/$1', label = 'Bildindex', }, { property = 13049, section = 6, patterns = {'1[0123]?%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[0-9X]', '[47]%d%d%d%d%d%d%-%d', '[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%-[0-9X]', '3%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[0-9X]'}, link = 'https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/$1', label = 'DDB', remark = 'Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek', }, { property = 13591, section = 7, link = 'https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/$1', label = 'Yale LUX', remark = 'Yale Cultural Heritage IT Collaboration', }} p.sections = { [1] = {name = 'International', hidelabelwhenalone = true}, [2] = {name = 'National'}, [3] = {name = 'Geographic'}, [4] = {name = 'Academics'}, [5] = {name = 'Artists'}, [6] = {name = 'People'}, [7] = {name = 'Other', hidelabelwhenalone = true} } p.whitelists = { arts = { topic = 2018526, properties = {268, 214, 3372, 6804, 1907, 4186, 12754, 1908, 1707, 6829, 2349, 6792, 227, 1960, 347, 1248, 244, 1225, 2041, 2750, 650, 350, 781, 3430, 3544, 1315, 245, 1986, 7902, 651, 791, 7303, 2174, 4581, 5321, 5368, 2268} }, lighthouse = { topic = 39715, properties = {3563, 4055, 3223, 4423, 3723, 3993, 3562, 2980, 4038, 3920, 4143, 3863, 3601} }, ch = { topic = 39, properties = {902, 886, 781, 1362}, }, cz = {topic = 213, properties = {691}}, cl = {topic = 298, properties = {1890}}, es = {topic = 29, properties = {950, 9984}}, gr = {topic = 41, properties = {3348}}, hr = {topic = 224, properties = {1375}}, il = {topic = 801, properties = {8189, 1736}}, it = {topic = 38, properties = {396, 3863, 1986, 8034}}, ja = {topic = 17, properties = {349, 271}}, kr = {topic = 884, properties = {5034}}, lv = {topic = 211, properties = {1368}}, nl = {topic = 55, properties = {651, 1006, 650, 350}}, pl = {topic = 36, properties = {1695, 7293}}, ro = {topic = 218, properties = {1003}}, ru = {topic = 159, properties = {947}}, sv = {topic = 34, properties = {906, 5587}}, tr = {topic = 43, properties = {7314}}, tw = {topic = 865, properties = {1048}}, uy = {topic = 77, properties = {2558}} } p.property_items = {-- look at these properties to find relevant item to property 1629, -- P1629: Wikidata item of this property 10726,-- P10726: class of non-item property value 9073, -- P9073: applicable 'stated in' value 2378 -- P2378: issued by } p.auto_additional = {-- defines properties to check when additional=auto 527, -- P527: has part(s) 150, -- P150: contains the administrative territorial entity 355, -- P355: has subsidiary } return p 603xg7vzp1ek5ttclblfsojy0a2m9bb 0 237497 1548100 2026-05-22T07:06:16Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Henri Désiré Landru''' (12 Aprili 1869 – 25 Februari 1922) alikuwa muuaji wa mfululizo kutoka [[Ufaransa]], aliyepewa jina la utani '''Bluebeard of Gambais''' kutokana na uhalifu wake wa kutisha.{{sfn|Rēn|Gureggu|1995|pp=197-199}}Pia alikuwa tapeli wa ndoa aliyewadanganya wanawake wengi kwa kujifanya anataka kuwaoa. Anathibitishwa kuwaua angalau wanawake kumi pamoja na mtoto wa kwanza wa mmoja wa waathiriwa wake. Mara nyingi aliwalenga wajane wal...' 1548100 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Henri Désiré Landru''' (12 Aprili 1869 – 25 Februari 1922) alikuwa muuaji wa mfululizo kutoka [[Ufaransa]], aliyepewa jina la utani '''Bluebeard of Gambais''' kutokana na uhalifu wake wa kutisha.{{sfn|Rēn|Gureggu|1995|pp=197-199}}Pia alikuwa tapeli wa ndoa aliyewadanganya wanawake wengi kwa kujifanya anataka kuwaoa. Anathibitishwa kuwaua angalau wanawake kumi pamoja na mtoto wa kwanza wa mmoja wa waathiriwa wake. Mara nyingi aliwalenga wajane waliokuwa wapweke baada ya [[Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia]], ambao aliwakutana nao kupitia matangazo ya magazetini. Baada ya kuwashawishi kimapenzi na kuwapora mali zao, aliwaua na kuteketeza miili yao katika jiko lake. Aliendesha uhalifu huo kati ya Desemba 1914 na Januari 1919, kwanza katika nyumba huko Vernouillet na baadaye katika nyumba ya kifahari iliyojitenga huko Gambais, karibu na Paris. Idadi halisi ya waathiriwa wake haijulikani, kwani polisi walifuatilia mawasiliano yake na wanawake 283, ambapo 72 hawakuwahi kupatikana. Landru anachukuliwa kuwa mmoja wa wauaji maarufu na wa kutisha zaidi katika historia ya Ufaransa, na kesi yake ilivutia sana vyombo vya habari baada ya Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia.{{sfn|Shōshin Shobō|1997|p=2843}} Kesi yake pia ilitumika kama msukumo wa filamu ya [[Charlie Chaplin]] ya Monsieur Verdoux.{{sfn|Hanzai Shinri Kenkyūjo Hen|2013|pp=14-15}} Landru alikamatwa tarehe 12 Aprili 1919{{sfn|Shōshin Shobō|1997|pp=2830-2835}} katika nyumba karibu na kituo cha reli cha Gare du Nord mjini Paris, ambako aliishi pamoja na mpenzi wake Fernande Segret mwenye umri wa miaka 24. Uchunguzi wa polisi ulionyesha kuwa wakati wa Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia, Landru alikuwa amewasiliana au kuwa na mahusiano ya kimapenzi na wanawake 283, aliowapanga kulingana na utajiri wao unaowezekana; wanawake 72 kati yao hawakupatikana kamwe.{{sfn|Monesutie|1991|p=99}}{{sfn|Faidō|1997|p=148}} Mnamo Desemba 1919, mke wa Landru, Marie-Catherine mwenye umri wa miaka 51, pamoja na mwana wao mkubwa Maurice mwenye miaka 25, walikamatwa kwa tuhuma za kusaidia wizi wa Landru dhidi ya waathiriwa wake. Wote walikana kufahamu shughuli zake za uhalifu. Marie-Catherine aliachiliwa bila mashtaka mwezi Julai 1920 kutokana na matatizo ya afya, huku Maurice naye akiachiliwa siku hiyo hiyo baada ya mamlaka kushindwa kuthibitisha hatia yake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1869|1922}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ufaransa]] g2lbkruemik5d07m7rhufh6np2puk00 0 237498 1548101 2026-05-22T07:10:29Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548101 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Deogratias Nkusu Bikawa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mahusiano na Bunge katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ku7fbhfv4o4s1yfylebkc254nqmkq24 1548205 1548101 2026-05-22T10:44:53Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548205 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Deogratias Nkusu Bikawa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mahusiano na Bunge katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] ghfcokh5exf1dvv50hai3qrbdt5rtpw 0 237499 1548103 2026-05-22T07:15:27Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Amir-Khosrow Afshar Qasemlou''' (1919–1999) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Dola la Kifalme la Iran wakati wa enzi ya utawala wa Pahlavi kuanzia mwaka 1978 hadi 1979. == Wasifu == Afshar alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1919 mjini Tehran, na alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa taaluma ya muda mrefu. Mapema miaka ya 1950, alikuwa katibu msaidizi wa kisiasa katika wizara ya mambo ya nje.<ref>{{cite web|author=Hashem Haki...' 1548103 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Amir-Khosrow Afshar Qasemlou''' (1919–1999) alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa [[Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje wa Dola la Kifalme la Iran wakati wa enzi ya utawala wa Pahlavi kuanzia mwaka 1978 hadi 1979. == Wasifu == Afshar alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1919 mjini Tehran, na alikuwa mwanadiplomasia wa taaluma ya muda mrefu. Mapema miaka ya 1950, alikuwa katibu msaidizi wa kisiasa katika wizara ya mambo ya nje.<ref>{{cite web|author=Hashem Hakimi|title=Fatemi's outburst|work=The Iranian|access-date=9 August 2013|date=13 February 2002|url=http://iranian.com/Features/2002/February/Hakimi2/index.html}}</ref><ref name=roh>{{cite journal|author=Roham Alvandi|title=The Shah's détente with Khrushchev: Iran's 1962 missile base pledge to the Soviet Union|journal=[[Cold War History (journal)|Cold War History]]|year=2014|volume=14|issue=3|page=432|doi=10.1080/14682745.2014.890591|s2cid=153838957}}</ref> Baadaye, alishika nyadhifa za katibu mkuu wa kudumu katika Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje na Naibu Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Roham Alvandi|title=Nixon, Kissinger, and the Shah: the origins of Iranian primacy in the Persian Gulf|journal=[[Diplomatic History (journal)|Diplomatic History]]|year=2012|volume=36|issue=2|pages=337–372|doi=10.1111/j.1467-7709.2011.01025.x}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Thomas L. Hughes|title=Dispute Over the Shatt al-Arab Disturbs Relations Periodically|url=http://2001-2009.state.gov/documents/organization/70512.pdf|work=CIA|access-date=25 July 2013|format=Intelligence report|date=22 April 1969}}</ref> Mnamo mwaka 1960, alihudumu kama Kaimu Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje.<ref name=harvard>{{cite web|title=Afshar-Ghassemlou, Amir-Khosrow|url=http://ted.lib.harvard.edu/ted/deliver/~iohp/Afshar-Ghassemlou,+Amir-Khosrow.03|work=[[Harvard University]]|archive-date=12 May 2014|url-status=dead|access-date=26 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512223907/http://ted.lib.harvard.edu/ted/deliver/~iohp/Afshar-Ghassemlou,+Amir-Khosrow.03}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1919|1999|Afshar Qasemlou, Amir-Khosrow}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] fbiq6c523swodz25h33u9t1368rnl1q 0 237500 1548104 2026-05-22T07:19:53Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548104 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernardin Mungul Diaka''' (12 Novemba 1933 – 3 Juni 1999) alikuwa [[mwanadiplomasia]] na mwanasiasa kutoka [[Kongo]]/Zaire. Alizaliwa Kirondo (Bandundu) na alifariki Kinshasa.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=01REAQAAIAAJ&q=Bernardin+Mungul+Diaka+1933|title=Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa|last=Service|first=United States Joint Publications Research|date=1967|language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1933]] [[Jamii:Waliofariki 1999]] qolq4owdpe8p59a5vcaxfe0121cg9fr 0 237501 1548105 2026-05-22T07:20:47Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mirza Reza Khan Afshar''' (10 Oktoba 1887 – 5 Februari 1964) alikuwa mbunge wa [[Iran]], ambaye pia alihudumu mara tatu kama gavana wa mikoa ya Gilan, Kerman, na Isfahan. Alikuwa Waziri wa Barabara na Usafirishaji, pamoja na kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wakuu, mwenyekiti, na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa shirika la ndege la Iranian Airways (linalojulikana sasa kama Iran Air).<ref>رضاافشاراز وزارت تا شرکت حمل و نقل''، روزنامه...' 1548105 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mirza Reza Khan Afshar''' (10 Oktoba 1887 – 5 Februari 1964) alikuwa mbunge wa [[Iran]], ambaye pia alihudumu mara tatu kama gavana wa mikoa ya Gilan, Kerman, na Isfahan. Alikuwa Waziri wa Barabara na Usafirishaji, pamoja na kuwa mmoja wa waanzilishi wakuu, mwenyekiti, na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa shirika la ndege la Iranian Airways (linalojulikana sasa kama Iran Air).<ref>رضاافشاراز وزارت تا شرکت حمل و نقل''، روزنامهٔ اقتصاد دنیا، شمارهٔ ۲۵۱۷، ۷ آذر ۱۳۹۰، شمارهٔ خبر ۴۲۷۶۰۱''.</ref> Anachukuliwa na wengi kama "baba wa usafiri wa anga wa kibiashara nchini Iran."<ref>“Afshar, Reza.” ''Who’s Who in World Aviation'', Grambow, Eric, et al., eds., vol. 1, Washington, D.C.: American Aviation Publications, 1955.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1887|1964|Afshar, Mirza Reza Khan}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] 3intta6cv8biueosduf8zbvxv57f3n8 0 237502 1548106 2026-05-22T07:23:44Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ahmad Shah Qajar''' (21 Januari 1898 – 21 Februari 1930) alikuwa Shah wa [[Iran]] (Uajemi) kuanzia tarehe 16 Julai 1909 hadi 15 Desemba 1925, na mtawala wa saba na wa mwisho wa Nasaba ya Qajar.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ahmad-shah-qajar-1909-1925-the-seventh-and-last-ruler-of-the-qajar-dynasty|title=Ahmad Shah Qajar|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD...' 1548106 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmad Shah Qajar''' (21 Januari 1898 – 21 Februari 1930) alikuwa Shah wa [[Iran]] (Uajemi) kuanzia tarehe 16 Julai 1909 hadi 15 Desemba 1925, na mtawala wa saba na wa mwisho wa Nasaba ya Qajar.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ahmad-shah-qajar-1909-1925-the-seventh-and-last-ruler-of-the-qajar-dynasty|title=Ahmad Shah Qajar|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1898|1930|Qajar, Ahmad Shah}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] kbr6lweeqyhp9nqc1xg7gvq5zh7h7ct 0 237503 1548107 2026-05-22T07:25:43Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548107 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Didace Pembe Bokiaga''' (amezaliwa 16 Oktoba 1962) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2007 alihudumu kama Waziri wa Mazingira katika serikali ya Antoine Gizenga.<ref>{{Citation|last=Bavier|first=Joe|title=Old ministers in new cabinet {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/old-ministers-in-new-cabinet-20081027|work=News24|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Alichaguliwa mara tatu kuwa mbunge wa taifa (2006, 2011 na 2018) katika jimbo la Mushie (Mai-Ndombe). Pia ni kiongozi wa chama cha Alliance of Congolese Ecologists (PECO/ACE) alichokianzisha mwaka 2008, na ni mwanachama wa Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] f767mtfx2a8ufnyhaklne89bvxxgc8o 0 237504 1548108 2026-05-22T07:29:29Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marzieh Ahmadi''' au '''Uskulu Marziyya''' (1941, Osku, Azerbaijan Mashariki – 1974, Tehran) alikuwa mshairi, mwalimu, na mwanamapinduzi wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alikuwa mwanachama mwanamke mashuhuri katika harakati za upinzani dhidi ya utawala wa kifalme wa Shah (Nasaba ya Pahlavi). Alikuwa mwanachama wa Shirika la Wanamgambo wa Kifedai wa Watu wa Iran (Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas) na aliuawa katika mapambano ya risasi na kikosi cha s...' 1548108 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marzieh Ahmadi''' au '''Uskulu Marziyya''' (1941, Osku, Azerbaijan Mashariki – 1974, Tehran) alikuwa mshairi, mwalimu, na mwanamapinduzi wa [[Irani|Iran]]. Alikuwa mwanachama mwanamke mashuhuri katika harakati za upinzani dhidi ya utawala wa kifalme wa Shah (Nasaba ya Pahlavi). Alikuwa mwanachama wa Shirika la Wanamgambo wa Kifedai wa Watu wa Iran (Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas) na aliuawa katika mapambano ya risasi na kikosi cha siri cha SAVAK mnamo mwaka 1974.<ref>{{cite book | author-link = | title =Güney Azərbaycan nəsri. Başlanğıcdan bu günə qədər. Antologiya | publisher = | series = | volume = | edition = | date =2017 | location =[[Baku]] | pages =264 | language =az | url =http://anl.az/el/Kitab/2017/08/cd/2017-567.pdf | doi = | id = | isbn =978-9952-507-16-4 | last1 =Sultanı | first1 =Vaqif | last2 =i̇Smayılı | first2 =İräc }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://iranglobal.info/node/37978|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118122148/http://iranglobal.info/node/37978|archivedate= January 18, 2019|title=دختران کولی|date=August 26, 2014|publisher=iranglobal.info|accessdate=June 2, 2020|language=}}</ref> == Maisha ya Kisiasa == Marzieh Ahmadi alizaliwa mnamo mwaka 1941 katika mji wa Osku. Baada ya kuhitimu masomo yake ya shule ya upili, alijiunga na Chuo cha Ualimu cha Tabriz. Kufuatia kuhitimu kwake, alianza kufanya kazi kama mwalimu katika shule za msingi za wilaya ya Osku. Miaka mitatu baadaye, alijiunga na Chuo Kikuu cha Tabriz. Wakati akiendelea na masomo yake ya juu, hakuacha shughuli zake za ualimu. Alijitahidi kuanzisha "maktaba zinazotembea" kwa ajili ya shule za vijijini kwa kuzitembelea shule hizo. Alichapisha shairi lake la kwanza kwa kutumia jina la kisanii la "Dalga".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/xalqcebhesi/2014/dekabr/411520.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602071357/http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/xalqcebhesi/2014/dekabr/411520.htm|archivedate=June 2, 2020|title=Dalğalı coşqun dəniz, şimşək tək oynaqdır dilim!|author=Vüqar Əhməd|date=December 27, 2014|publisher=anl.az|accessdate=June 7, 2020}}</ref> Alitafsiri kazi zake zote zilizoandikwa kwa Kiajemi kwenda lugha ya Kituruki (Kiazerbaijani), na kazi zake zote zilizoandikwa kwa lugha yake ya asili kwenda Kiajemi. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1941|1974|Ahmadi, Marzieh}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Quran]] 4nozc33v6pnv5o0yarexh4q5u1htv11 0 237505 1548109 2026-05-22T07:30:57Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548109 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Didier Budimbu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Digitalcongo.net {{!}} La RDC enfin dotée du Gouvernement de l’alternance démocratique|url=https://www.digitalcongo.net/article-en/5d639f30afb19500046d1606/|work=www.digitalcongo.net|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Elimu ya Msingi, Sekondari na Ufundi katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na kiongozi wa kundi la kisiasa la Another Vision of Congo and Allies (AVC-A), muungano wa vyama saba ulioundwa tarehe 20 Aprili 2023, unaosisitiza siasa za uliberali, kupambana na rushwa, na haki za binadamu. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 69y6gxz9ehg2vka10oq5veewcyltj3a 1548206 1548109 2026-05-22T10:46:10Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548206 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Didier Budimbu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Digitalcongo.net {{!}} La RDC enfin dotée du Gouvernement de l’alternance démocratique|url=https://www.digitalcongo.net/article-en/5d639f30afb19500046d1606/|work=www.digitalcongo.net|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Elimu ya Msingi, Sekondari na Ufundi katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na kiongozi wa kundi la kisiasa la Another Vision of Congo and Allies (AVC-A), muungano wa vyama saba ulioundwa tarehe 20 Aprili 2023, unaosisitiza siasa za uliberali, kupambana na rushwa, na haki za binadamu. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] g8dg8a7n5p7kegrvhscrwcwo0c8fk6n 0 237506 1548111 2026-05-22T07:33:24Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Fathollah Khan Akbar''' (1855 – 1937) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa 13 wa nchi hiyo kuanzia Oktoba 1920 hadi Februari 1921. Alikuwa Waziri wa Sheria katika mabaraza kadhaa ya mawaziri ya Iran na pia alikuwa mwakilishi wa Bunge la Iran kutoka eneo la Gilan. Aliondolewa madarakani katika mapinduzi ya kijeshi ya Iran ya mwaka 1921—mapinduzi ambayo aliyaunga mkono kwa siri—yaliyoongozwa na Reza Khan. Fathollah Kh...' 1548111 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fathollah Khan Akbar''' (1855 – 1937) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa 13 wa nchi hiyo kuanzia Oktoba 1920 hadi Februari 1921. Alikuwa Waziri wa Sheria katika mabaraza kadhaa ya mawaziri ya Iran na pia alikuwa mwakilishi wa Bunge la Iran kutoka eneo la Gilan. Aliondolewa madarakani katika mapinduzi ya kijeshi ya Iran ya mwaka 1921—mapinduzi ambayo aliyaunga mkono kwa siri—yaliyoongozwa na Reza Khan. Fathollah Khan Akbar alikuwa muumini na mnasaba mkubwa wa Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Uajemi. Alifungwa gerezani kwa kutoa msaada wa kifedha kwa wale waliokuwa wakipigania mfumo wa ufalme wa kikatiba. Kama mzalendo thabiti, alikataa kutekeleza makubaliano ya mwaka 1919 kati ya Iran na Serikali ya Uingereza wakati wa uongozi wake kama waziri mkuu. Makubaliano hayo ya mwaka 1919 yalikuwa ya upande mmoja yaliyolenga tu kuifaidisha Uingereza; na kutokana na msimamo wake wa kukataa na kubaki mtiifu kwa nchi yake, Waingereza walimwita kuwa ni waziri mkuu "asiye na uwezo."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/akbar-sepahdar-e-azam-fathallah-khan-prime-minister-of-iran-from-aban-1299-s|title=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1855|1937|Akbar, Fathollah Khan}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] t5movd6wjttxzq53kowyhod55przv9m 1548229 1548111 2026-05-22T11:05:02Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548229 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fathollah Khan Akbar''' (1855 – 1937) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] ambaye alihudumu kama Waziri Mkuu wa 13 wa nchi hiyo kuanzia Oktoba 1920 hadi Februari 1921. Alikuwa Waziri wa Sheria katika mabaraza kadhaa ya mawaziri ya Iran na pia alikuwa mwakilishi wa Bunge la Iran kutoka eneo la Gilan. Aliondolewa madarakani katika mapinduzi ya kijeshi ya Iran ya mwaka 1921—mapinduzi ambayo aliyaunga mkono kwa siri—yaliyoongozwa na Reza Khan. Fathollah Khan Akbar alikuwa muumini na mnasaba mkubwa wa Mapinduzi ya Katiba ya Uajemi. Alifungwa gerezani kwa kutoa msaada wa kifedha kwa wale waliokuwa wakipigania mfumo wa ufalme wa kikatiba. Kama mzalendo thabiti, alikataa kutekeleza makubaliano ya mwaka 1919 kati ya Iran na Serikali ya Uingereza wakati wa uongozi wake kama waziri mkuu. Makubaliano hayo ya mwaka 1919 yalikuwa ya upande mmoja yaliyolenga tu kuifaidisha Uingereza; na kutokana na msimamo wake wa kukataa na kubaki mtiifu kwa nchi yake, Waingereza walimwita kuwa ni waziri mkuu "asiye na uwezo."<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/akbar-sepahdar-e-azam-fathallah-khan-prime-minister-of-iran-from-aban-1299-s|title=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1855|1937|Akbar, Fathollah Khan}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] 157s8s2ieac5sw6arzfzxr0ofiumln1 0 237507 1548114 2026-05-22T07:40:40Z Egipa 87700 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Alireza Akbari''' (21 Oktoba 1961 – takriban 14 Januari 2023) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] na afisa mwandamizi wa Jeshi la Walinzi wa Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu ambaye alikuwa na uraia pacha wa Iran na [[Uingereza]].<ref name="aljazeera.com">{{Cite web |last=Motamedi |first=Maziar |title=Iran hangs former defence ministry official for spying for UK |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/1/14/iran-hangs-former-defence-ministry-official-over-spying |acce...' 1548114 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alireza Akbari''' (21 Oktoba 1961 – takriban 14 Januari 2023) alikuwa mwanasiasa wa [[Iran]] na afisa mwandamizi wa Jeshi la Walinzi wa Mapinduzi ya Kiislamu ambaye alikuwa na uraia pacha wa Iran na [[Uingereza]].<ref name="aljazeera.com">{{Cite web |last=Motamedi |first=Maziar |title=Iran hangs former defence ministry official for spying for UK |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/1/14/iran-hangs-former-defence-ministry-official-over-spying |access-date=15 January 2023 |publisher=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ItalianPostNews |date=14 January 2023 |title=Iran, Alireza Akbari executed: he was accused of being a British spy |url=https://www.italianpost.news/iran-alireza-akbari-executed-he-was-accused-of-being-a-british-spy/ |access-date=15 January 2023 |website=Italian Post |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2023 |title=Iran's execution of British-Iranian Alireza Akbari further raises tensions with UK |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/iran-execute-alireza-akbari-sunak-mi6-b2262268.html |access-date=15 January 2023 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 May 2023 |title=Iranian Insider and British Spy: How a Double Life Ended on the Gallows |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/01/world/middleeast/british-spy-execution-iran.html |access-date=1 May 2023 |website=The New York Times|language=en}}</ref> Alihudumu kama Naibu Waziri wa Ulinzi kuanzia mwaka 1998 hadi 2003 chini ya Jenerali Ali Shamkhani, wakati wa uongozi wa rais mصلahina (reformist) Mohammad Khatami. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} {{BD|1961|2023|Akbari, Alireza}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Iran]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 5959sift8iavttjrj0pikvvy253hsr7 0 237508 1548115 2026-05-22T07:40:43Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548115 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Didier Lutundula Okito''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Uchumi wa Taifa katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] mgmtca8524pb16363idgy92l1o8hyhj 1548207 1548115 2026-05-22T10:46:20Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548207 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Didier Lutundula Okito''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Naibu Waziri wa Uchumi wa Taifa katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qf7a4ak7itzjhxz8qbr1vhd26csj7sc 0 237509 1548118 2026-05-22T07:44:55Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548118 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Didier Mazengu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Usafiri na Mawasiliano katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] m2mzeho8gompy38fb6vitqbcfolgy1q 1548209 1548118 2026-05-22T10:46:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548209 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Didier Mazengu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Usafiri na Mawasiliano katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] tdonr7xzeht3uyqtqcjir28055se9z9 0 237510 1548121 2026-05-22T07:49:07Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548121 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dieudonné Bolengetenge Balea''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC : Katumbi nomme Dieudonné Bolengetenge secrétaire général de son parti|url=https://7sur7.cd/2021/04/05/rdc-katumbi-nomme-dieudonne-bolengetenge-secretaire-general-de-son-parti|work=7sur7.cd|date=2021-04-05|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> Aliwakilisha eneo la Isangi katika Mkoa wa Tshopo katika Bunge la Taifa kuanzia 2006 hadi 2023. Alikuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Ardhi kuanzia 8 Desemba 2014 hadi 25 Septemba 2015. Kwa sasa ni Katibu Mkuu wa chama cha Together for the Republic. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7wf2kzl7jt1yq66qj5y9zqd6qtzxwj4 1548210 1548121 2026-05-22T10:46:45Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dieudonné Bolengetenge Balea''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=RDC : Katumbi nomme Dieudonné Bolengetenge secrétaire général de son parti|url=https://7sur7.cd/2021/04/05/rdc-katumbi-nomme-dieudonne-bolengetenge-secretaire-general-de-son-parti|work=7sur7.cd|date=2021-04-05|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> Aliwakilisha eneo la Isangi katika Mkoa wa Tshopo katika Bunge la Taifa kuanzia 2006 hadi 2023. Alikuwa Waziri wa Masuala ya Ardhi kuanzia 8 Desemba 2014 hadi 25 Septemba 2015. Kwa sasa ni Katibu Mkuu wa chama cha Together for the Republic. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1960]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] q2pekvjdtss7rkued431j02z2jo0i7c 0 237511 1548123 2026-05-22T07:52:41Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hilarie Lindsay''' (18 Aprili 1922 – 5 Mei 2021) alikuwa Hilarie Lindsay mtengenezaji wa vichezeo kutoka [[Australia]] na mwandishi wa hadithi fupi, mashairi, maandishi ya maelekezo, wasifu na aina nyingine za uandishi.<ref name=Who>Lofthouse, Andrea (Comp.). ''Who's Who of Australian Women.'' Methuen Australia, North Ryde, NSW., 1982: pp. 279-280</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=International Biographical Centre |title=The World Who's who of Women, Volu...' 1548123 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hilarie Lindsay''' (18 Aprili 1922 – 5 Mei 2021) alikuwa Hilarie Lindsay mtengenezaji wa vichezeo kutoka [[Australia]] na mwandishi wa hadithi fupi, mashairi, maandishi ya maelekezo, wasifu na aina nyingine za uandishi.<ref name=Who>Lofthouse, Andrea (Comp.). ''Who's Who of Australian Women.'' Methuen Australia, North Ryde, NSW., 1982: pp. 279-280</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=International Biographical Centre |title=The World Who's who of Women, Volume 9 |date=1988 |publisher=Melrose Press |page=423}}</ref><ref name=Monash>Arnold, John and Morris, Deirdre (Eds.). ''Monash Biographical Dictionary of 20th Century Australia.'' Reed Reference Publishing, Port Melbourne, Vic., 1994: pp. 318-319</ref> Aliwahi kuwa rais wa Toys and Games Manufacturers' Association of Australia pamoja na Society of Women Writers (Australia). Pia aliingizwa katika Australian Toy Association Hall of Fame na National Pioneer Women's Hall of Fame, iliyopo Alice Springs.<ref name=AusToy>{{cite web |title=Hilarie Lindsay |url=[http://austoy.com.au/membership/hall-of-fame](http://austoy.com.au/membership/hall-of-fame) |website=Australian Toy Association Hall of Fame |accessdate=14 October 2018}}</ref><ref name="HallofFame">{{cite web |author1=National Pioneer Women's Hall of Fame, Alice Springs |title=Lindsay, Hilarie |url=[https://pioneerwomen.com.au/collection/herstory-archive/lindsay](https://pioneerwomen.com.au/collection/herstory-archive/lindsay) |website=HerStory Archive}}</ref><ref name=LawsonPatron>{{cite web |title=Our Patron Dr Hilarie Lindsay MBE OAM |url=[https://www.henrylawsonfestival.com.au/news/our-patron-hilarie-lindsay](https://www.henrylawsonfestival.com.au/news/our-patron-hilarie-lindsay) |website=Henry Lawson Festival Grenfell |accessdate=14 October 2018 |date=28 May 2016}}</ref> Kazi yake inayojulikana zaidi, ''The Washerwoman's Dream'', ilikuwa wasifu wa Jane Winifred Steger, ambao ulielezwa na mhakiki mmoja kuwa “unavutia sana kusomeka”;<ref name=dotlit>{{cite web |last1=Ousby |first1=Louise |title=dotlit Book Review: 'Enthrallingly Readable: The Washerwoman's Dream by Hilarie Lindsay' |url=[http://www.dotlit.qut.edu.au/reviews/washerwoman.txt](http://www.dotlit.qut.edu.au/reviews/washerwoman.txt) |website=Dotlit: the online journal of creative writing |accessdate=30 October 2018 |archiveurl=[https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20030827140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/13551/20030828-0000/www.dotlit.qut.edu.au/reviews/washerwoman.txt](https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20030827140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/13551/20030828-0000/www.dotlit.qut.edu.au/reviews/washerwoman.txt) |archivedate=27 August 2003 |date=12 November 2002}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> na baadaye ikawa mojawapo ya kazi maarufu za fasihi nchini Australia. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1922|2021}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Australia]] i3125fwhie7m2lwt8aatr1gljhc6i82 0 237512 1548124 2026-05-22T07:55:15Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''George Lerner''' (1922–1995) alikuwa mvumbuzi kutoka [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa kubuni kifaa cha kuchezea cha Mr. Potato Head.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.jewoftheweek.net/2012/02/22/jews-of-the-week-george-lerner-the-hassenfeld-brothers/|title=Jews](http://www.jewoftheweek.net/2012/02/22/jews-of-the-week-george-lerner-the-hassenfeld-brothers/|title=Jews) of the Week: George Lerner & The Hassenfeld Brothers {{!}} Jew of the Week|date=22 Februar...' 1548124 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Lerner''' (1922–1995) alikuwa mvumbuzi kutoka [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa kubuni kifaa cha kuchezea cha Mr. Potato Head.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[http://www.jewoftheweek.net/2012/02/22/jews-of-the-week-george-lerner-the-hassenfeld-brothers/|title=Jews](http://www.jewoftheweek.net/2012/02/22/jews-of-the-week-george-lerner-the-hassenfeld-brothers/|title=Jews) of the Week: George Lerner & The Hassenfeld Brothers {{!}} Jew of the Week|date=22 February 2012 |access-date=2017-08-28}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1922|1995}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] nx09e1n8omguqwivl96rqb8p8ydzoxw 1548245 1548124 2026-05-22T11:15:28Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548245 wikitext text/x-wiki '''George Lerner''' (1922–1995) alikuwa mvumbuzi kutoka [[Marekani]] anayejulikana kwa kubuni kifaa cha kuchezea cha Mr. Potato Head.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[http://www.jewoftheweek.net/2012/02/22/jews-of-the-week-george-lerner-the-hassenfeld-brothers/|title=Jews](http://www.jewoftheweek.net/2012/02/22/jews-of-the-week-george-lerner-the-hassenfeld-brothers/|title=Jews) of the Week: George Lerner & The Hassenfeld Brothers {{!}} Jew of the Week|date=22 February 2012 |access-date=2017-08-28}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1922|1995}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] hd12fsllf24zivwosests5kh69pd13w 0 237513 1548125 2026-05-22T07:57:20Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548125 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edouard Kabukapua Bitanga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kabila names coalition government for DRC|url=https://sardc.net/en/southern-african-news-features/kabila-names-coalition-government-for-drc/|work=Knowledge for Development|date=2007-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=Shingi}}</ref> Tarehe 25 Novemba 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Ardhi katika serikali ya pili ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] leso61z9g9fe3w58ebwjk38hlp6lq0g 1548218 1548125 2026-05-22T10:52:41Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548218 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Edouard Kabukapua Bitanga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Kabila names coalition government for DRC|url=https://sardc.net/en/southern-african-news-features/kabila-names-coalition-government-for-drc/|work=Knowledge for Development|date=2007-02-11|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US|author=Shingi}}</ref> Tarehe 25 Novemba 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Ardhi katika serikali ya pili ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] hb69pdbiuy83gqs4ezxy82962ianwcq 0 237514 1548126 2026-05-22T08:00:10Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Bernard Loomis''' (4 Julai 1923 – 2 Juni 2006) alikuwa Bernard Loomis mtengenezaji na mtaalamu wa masoko ya vichezeo kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alisaidia kuanzisha na kukuza baadhi ya chapa maarufu zaidi duniani, zikiwemo Chatty Cathy, Barbie, Hot Wheels, Baby Alive, na Strawberry Shortcake. Mafanikio yake makubwa zaidi ya kimasoko yalikuwa kuleta bidhaa za vichezeo vya filamu ya ''Star Wars'' sokoni wakati filamu hiyo ilikuwa bado haijajulikana sana....' 1548126 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bernard Loomis''' (4 Julai 1923 – 2 Juni 2006) alikuwa Bernard Loomis mtengenezaji na mtaalamu wa masoko ya vichezeo kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alisaidia kuanzisha na kukuza baadhi ya chapa maarufu zaidi duniani, zikiwemo Chatty Cathy, Barbie, Hot Wheels, Baby Alive, na Strawberry Shortcake. Mafanikio yake makubwa zaidi ya kimasoko yalikuwa kuleta bidhaa za vichezeo vya filamu ya ''Star Wars'' sokoni wakati filamu hiyo ilikuwa bado haijajulikana sana. Kila kampuni ya vichezeo aliyofanyia kazi — Mattel, kitengo cha Kenner cha General Mills, na Hasbro — ilifikia kuwa “kampuni kubwa zaidi ya vichezeo duniani” wakati wa kipindi chake cha kazi katika kampuni hizo.<ref name="NYT">{{Cite news |last=Martin |first=Douglas |date=2006-06-06 |title=Bernard Loomis, 82, Dies; Made Toys TV Stars |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/06/business/06loomis.html?_r=1&oref=slogin](https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/06/business/06loomis.html?_r=1&oref=slogin) |access-date=2006-06-15 |work=[[The New York Times]] |page=C13}}</ref> Pia alibuni neno "toyetic" katika mazungumzo na [[Steven Spielberg]] kuhusu kubadilisha filamu yake ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'' kuwa bidhaa za vichezeo na sanamu za wahusika. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1923|2006}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 05pgwpvoyrkwzxwewqbrkrhbfmvnhnf 0 237515 1548127 2026-05-22T08:08:29Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548127 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elysée Munembwe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni Waziri wa Mipango wa DRC, akiwa ametumikia katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elysée Munembwe – Musee des Civilisations noires|url=https://mcn-sn.com/elysee-munembwe-2/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] aabd52puifst8px2tb3w4xqh9hrz3x4 1548221 1548127 2026-05-22T10:57:06Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548221 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Elysée Munembwe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni Waziri wa Mipango wa DRC, akiwa ametumikia katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Elysée Munembwe – Musee des Civilisations noires|url=https://mcn-sn.com/elysee-munembwe-2/|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 1gkduaku07ererlnfq8ra98r71b5i9q 0 237516 1548130 2026-05-22T08:14:01Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548130 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Esdras Kambale Baekwa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Le Président Joseph Kabila nomme les nouveaux membres du Gouvernement|url=http://www.congoplanete.com/article.jsp?id=45261123|work=www.congoplanete.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr|author=Congo Planète}}</ref> Tarehe 25 Novemba 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Utamaduni na Sanaa katika serikali ya pili ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o80t1ubyexwco58owaslnhc17d2797d 1548225 1548130 2026-05-22T11:01:21Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548225 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Esdras Kambale Baekwa''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Le Président Joseph Kabila nomme les nouveaux membres du Gouvernement|url=http://www.congoplanete.com/article.jsp?id=45261123|work=www.congoplanete.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr|author=Congo Planète}}</ref> Tarehe 25 Novemba 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Utamaduni na Sanaa katika serikali ya pili ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] r9rj7nh41h2gkwc5ot22e1hjbbg8y3q 0 237517 1548132 2026-05-22T08:24:18Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548132 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ferdinand Essandja''' (anayejulikana pia kama Fernand Essendja au Ferdinand Esandja) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 1959 alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Parti de l’Unité Congolaise. Pia alifanya kazi kama karani mkuu katika kampuni ya Sabena. Mwaka 1960 alishiriki katika Mkutano wa Mezani wa Belgo-Congolese kama mjumbe wa Parti National du Progrès (PNP) kwa ajili ya mazungumzo ya uhuru wa Kongo ya Ubelgiji. Baadaye aliwahi kuwa meya wa kata ya Barumbu huko Léopoldville.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/TheBelgo-congoleseRoundTable|title=The Belgo-Congolese Round Table; The historic Days of Febuary 1960|date=1960|publisher=Brussels|others=dudeman5685|language=English}}</ref> Mwaka 1961 aliteuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Air Congo, shirika la ndege la taifa la Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, na kufikia 1967 alikuwa Makamu wa Rais wa kampuni hiyo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 1xc97e50zepiglj107rlukdguko4d62 1548231 1548132 2026-05-22T11:06:19Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548231 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ferdinand Essandja''' (anayejulikana pia kama Fernand Essendja au Ferdinand Esandja) alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 1959 alikuwa mwenyekiti wa Parti de l’Unité Congolaise. Pia alifanya kazi kama karani mkuu katika kampuni ya Sabena. Mwaka 1960 alishiriki katika Mkutano wa Mezani wa Belgo-Congolese kama mjumbe wa Parti National du Progrès (PNP) kwa ajili ya mazungumzo ya uhuru wa Kongo ya Ubelgiji. Baadaye aliwahi kuwa meya wa kata ya Barumbu huko Léopoldville.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/TheBelgo-congoleseRoundTable|title=The Belgo-Congolese Round Table; The historic Days of Febuary 1960|date=1960|publisher=Brussels|others=dudeman5685|language=English}}</ref> Mwaka 1961 aliteuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Air Congo, shirika la ndege la taifa la Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, na kufikia 1967 alikuwa Makamu wa Rais wa kampuni hiyo. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] cjivd1eqhocehv422d9fusls194uen5 0 237518 1548133 2026-05-22T08:29:39Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548133 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eugène Lokwa Ilwaloma''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Bavier|first=Joe|title=Old ministers in new cabinet {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/old-ministers-in-new-cabinet-20081027|work=News24|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Haki za Binadamu katika serikali za Antoine Gizenga (Gizenga I na Gizenga II) kuanzia Februari 2007 hadi Oktoba 2008. Yeye ni mwanachama wa Christian Democratic Party na pia wa Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] dxb21ykf7gy2poziwn5kw7gbpxthh7b 0 237519 1548136 2026-05-22T08:37:56Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548136 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eustache Muhanzi Mubembe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Rasilimali za Maji na Umeme katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=DR Congo gets new cabinet after seven months - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/dr-congo-gets-new-cabinet-after-seven-months/|work=www.myjoyonline.com|date=2019-08-26|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] nid2h9y0aabvlqid4o4um963gxin7c1 1548227 1548136 2026-05-22T11:02:38Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548227 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Eustache Muhanzi Mubembe''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Rasilimali za Maji na Umeme katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DR Congo gets new cabinet after seven months - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/dr-congo-gets-new-cabinet-after-seven-months/|work=www.myjoyonline.com|date=2019-08-26|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] gobb1bzmg4j8fwohukpwp9og6qznd18 0 237520 1548137 2026-05-22T08:41:39Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548137 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Remy Henri Kuseyo Gatanga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Usafiri na Mawasiliano katika serikali ya Antoine Gizenga.<ref>{{Citation|last=Bavier|first=Joe|title=Old ministers in new cabinet {{!}} News24|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/old-ministers-in-new-cabinet-20081027|work=News24|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qy9eu0x4wzxgj8c1ydyuabpbfuszdxy 0 237521 1548139 2026-05-22T08:47:19Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548139 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gérard Gifuza Ginday''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Alihudumu kama gavana wa Mkoa wa Bandundu kuanzia 13 Januari 2006 hadi Januari 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reporters sans frontières - Democratic Republic of Congo|url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=18275|work=www.rsf.org|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> Aliteuliwa kushika wadhifa huo na Rais Joseph Kabila tarehe 10 Desemba 2005. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] i28u5srw7b09o4ftdoriuqtyw55p5ub 1548260 1548139 2026-05-22T11:23:24Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548260 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gérard Gifuza Ginday''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Alihudumu kama gavana wa Mkoa wa Bandundu kuanzia 13 Januari 2006 hadi Januari 2007.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Reporters sans frontières - Democratic Republic of Congo|url=http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=18275|work=www.rsf.org|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> Aliteuliwa kushika wadhifa huo na Rais Joseph Kabila tarehe 10 Desemba 2005. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] l3n50ssffs32jkk8xlvmd2e4p0dkkz8 0 237522 1548140 2026-05-22T08:55:38Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Infobox Sura | Namba = 18 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْكَهْف | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Kahf | Maana ya Jina = Pango | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَابَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجًا ۛ <br> ﴿٢﴾ قَيِّمًا لِّيُنذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا mِّن لَّdُنْهُ وَ...' 1548140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Sura | Namba = 18 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْكَهْف | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Kahf | Maana ya Jina = Pango | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَابَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجًا ۛ <br> ﴿٢﴾ قَيِّمًا لِّيُنذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا mِّن لَّdُنْهُ وَيُبَشِّرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحَاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا حَسَنًا <br> ... | Sauti = Sura Minshawi 18.ogg | Aina = [[Makka]] | Mahali = 15–16 | Idadi ya Aya = 110 | Idadi ya Maneno = 1,583 | Idadi ya Herufi = 6,425 | Sura iliyopita = [[Al-Isra'|17: Al-Isra']] | Sura inayofuata = [[Surat Maryam|19: Maryam]] }} '''Al-Kahf''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|الكهف}} ''al-Kahf'', linalomaanisha "Pango") ni [[surah|sura]] ya 18 katika mpangilio wa msahafu wa [[Qurani]], kitabu cha dini ya [[Uislamu]]. Sura hii ina jumla ya [[ayah|aya]] 110 na inatambulika kuwa ni sura ya Makka (Makkiyyah) kwa sababu ilishushwa kabla ya [[Hija|Hijrah]] ya [[Mtume Muhammad]] kwenda Madina.<ref name="EI2Kahf">{{cite book |last=Bosworth |first=C.E. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1997 |publisher=Brill |volume=4 |pages=407–408 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Sura hii inashikilia nafasi ya upekee katika maisha ya kila wiki ya Waislamu, inashauliwa kwa kuwa ni miongoni mwa [[Sunna]] katika mapokeo ya [[Hadithi za Mtume Muhammad|hadithi]] kusoma sura hii kila siku ya [[Ijumaa]] kwa ajili ya kupata mwongozo wa kiroho na kinga dhidi ya fitna za [[Masihi Dajjal]].<ref name="MuslimKahf">{{cite web |title=Sahih Muslim - Virtues of Surah Al-Kahf and Dajjal |url=https://sunnah.com |publisher=Sunnah.com Portal |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Inaelezwa kuwa jina la sura hii linatokana na kisa cha kwanza kilichotajwa ndani yake kuanzia aya ya 9 hadi ya 26 kinachohusu "Watu wa Pangoni". Kisa hiki kinahusu vijana waliokimbia mji wao kulinda imani yao dhidi ya mfalme dhalimu, ambapo walijificha pangoni na kulazwa usingizi na [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] kwa muda wa zaidi ya miaka 300 pamoja na mbwa wao aliekuwa mlangoni. Mbali na kisa hicho, sura hii inakusanya jumla ya visa vingine vitatu vikuu vya kihistoria vyenye mafundisho tofauti: kisa cha pili ni cha mtu aliyejivunia utajiri wa bustani zake mbili na kukata tamaa na neema za kimungu, kikifundisha umuhimu wa unyenyekevu; kisa cha tatu ni safari ya kihistoria kati ya [[Musa|Nabii Musa]] na mja mwema Khidr inayobainisha siri za hekima na elimu ya kimungu katika matukio ya kimaisha; na kisa cha nne ni cha mfalme muadilifu, Dhul-Qarnayn, aliyezunguka dunia kusimamisha uadilifu na kujenga ukuta mkubwa wa chuma ili kuzuia uharibifu wa jamii za Yajuj na Majuj.<ref name="FarsyKahf">{{cite book |last=Farsy |first=Abdullah Saleh |title=Tafsiri ya Kurani Tukufu |year=1969 |publisher=The Islamic Foundation |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-Islam}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Surah za Quran]] ovcw4ocq9j8z887sy04bp5s5r1uwwvj 1548142 1548140 2026-05-22T09:00:08Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 1548142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Sura | Namba = 18 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْكَهْف | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Kahf | Maana ya Jina = Pango | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَابَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجًا ۛ <br> ﴿٢﴾ قَيِّمًا لِّيُنذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا mِّن لَّdُنْهُ وَيُبَشِّرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحَاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا حَسَنًا <br> ... | Sauti = Sura Minshawi 18.ogg | Aina = [[Makka]] | Mahali = 15–16 | Idadi ya Aya = 110 | Idadi ya Maneno = 1,583 | Idadi ya Herufi = 6,425 | Sura iliyopita = [[Al-Isra'|17: Al-Isra']] | Sura inayofuata = [[Surat Maryam|19: Maryam]] }} '''Al-Kahf''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|الكهف}} ''al-Kahf'', maana: "Pango") ni [[surah|sura]] ya 18 katika mpangilio wa msahafu wa [[Qurani]], kitabu cha dini ya [[Uislamu]]. Sura hii ina jumla ya [[ayah|aya]] 110 na inatambulika kuwa ni sura ya Makka (Makkiyyah) kwa sababu ilishushwa kabla ya [[Hija|Hijrah]] ya [[Mtume Muhammad]] kwenda Madina.<ref name="EI2Kahf">{{cite book |last=Bosworth |first=C.E. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1997 |publisher=Brill |volume=4 |pages=407–408 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Sura hii inashikilia nafasi ya upekee katika maisha ya kila wiki ya Waislamu, inashauliwa kwa kuwa ni miongoni mwa [[Sunna]] katika mapokeo ya [[Hadithi za Mtume Muhammad|hadithi]] kusoma sura hii kila siku ya [[Ijumaa]] kwa ajili ya kupata mwongozo wa kiroho na kinga dhidi ya fitna za [[Masihi Dajjal]].<ref name="MuslimKahf">{{cite web |title=Sahih Muslim - Virtues of Surah Al-Kahf and Dajjal |url=https://sunnah.com |publisher=Sunnah.com Portal |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Inaelezwa kuwa jina la sura hii linatokana na kisa cha kwanza kilichotajwa ndani yake kuanzia aya ya 9 hadi ya 26 kinachohusu "Watu wa Pangoni". Kisa hiki kinahusu vijana waliokimbia mji wao kulinda imani yao dhidi ya mfalme dhalimu, ambapo walijificha pangoni na kulazwa usingizi na [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] kwa muda wa zaidi ya miaka 300 pamoja na mbwa wao aliekuwa mlangoni. Mbali na kisa hicho, sura hii inakusanya jumla ya visa vingine vitatu vikuu vya kihistoria vyenye mafundisho tofauti: kisa cha pili ni cha mtu aliyejivunia utajiri wa bustani zake mbili na kukata tamaa na neema za kimungu, kikifundisha umuhimu wa unyenyekevu; kisa cha tatu ni safari ya kihistoria kati ya [[Musa|Nabii Musa]] na mja mwema Khidr inayobainisha siri za hekima na elimu ya kimungu katika matukio ya kimaisha; na kisa cha nne ni cha mfalme muadilifu, Dhul-Qarnayn, aliyezunguka dunia kusimamisha uadilifu na kujenga ukuta mkubwa wa chuma ili kuzuia uharibifu wa jamii za Yajuj na Majuj.<ref name="FarsyKahf">{{cite book |last=Farsy |first=Abdullah Saleh |title=Tafsiri ya Kurani Tukufu |year=1969 |publisher=The Islamic Foundation |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-Islam}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Surah za Quran]] arrk8otrean6auwrr4j0hei46ggld18 1548143 1548142 2026-05-22T09:01:14Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 1548143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Sura | Namba = 18 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْكَهْف | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Kahf | Maana ya Jina = Pango | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَابَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجًا ۛ <br> ﴿٢﴾ قَيِّمًا لِّيُنذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا mِّن لَّdُنْهُ وَيُبَشِّرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحَاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا حَسَنًا <br> ... | Sauti = Sura Minshawi 18.ogg | Aina = [[Makka]] | Mahali = 15–16 | Idadi ya Aya = 110 | Idadi ya Maneno = 1,583 | Idadi ya Herufi = 6,425 | Sura iliyopita = [[Al-Isra'|17: Al-Isra']] | Sura inayofuata = [[Surat Maryam|19: Maryam]] }} '''Al-Kahf''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|الكهف}} ''al-Kahf'', maana: "Pango") ni [[surah|sura]] ya 18 katika mpangilio wa msahafu wa [[Qurani]], kitabu cha dini ya [[Uislamu]]. Sura hii ina jumla ya [[ayah|aya]] 110 na inatambulika kuwa ni sura ya Makka (Makkiyyah) kwa sababu ilishushwa kabla ya [[Hija|Hijrah]] ya [[Mtume Muhammad]] kwenda Madina.<ref name="EI2Kahf">{{cite book |last=Bosworth |first=C.E. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1997 |publisher=Brill |volume=4 |pages=407–408 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Sura hii inashikilia nafasi ya upekee katika maisha ya kila wiki ya Waislamu, inashauliwa kwa kuwa ni miongoni mwa [[Sunna]] katika mapokeo ya [[Hadithi za Mtume Muhammad|hadithi]] kusoma sura hii kila siku ya [[Ijumaa]] kwa ajili ya kupata mwongozo wa kiroho na kinga dhidi ya fitna za [[Masihi Dajjal]].<ref name="MuslimKahf">{{cite web |title=Sahih Muslim - Virtues of Surah Al-Kahf and Dajjal |url=https://sunnah.com |publisher=Sunnah.com Portal |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Inaelezwa kuwa jina la sura hii linatokana na kisa cha kwanza kilichotajwa ndani yake kuanzia aya ya 9 hadi ya 26 kinachohusu "Watu wa Pangoni". Kisa hiki kinahusu vijana waliokimbia mji wao kulinda imani yao dhidi ya mfalme dhalimu, ambapo walijificha pangoni na kulazwa usingizi na [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] kwa muda wa zaidi ya miaka 300 pamoja na mbwa wao aliekuwa mlangoni. Mbali na kisa hicho, sura hii inakusanya jumla ya visa vingine vitatu vikuu vya kihistoria vyenye mafundisho tofauti: kisa cha pili ni cha mtu aliyejivunia utajiri wa bustani zake mbili na kukata tamaa na neema za kimungu, kikifundisha umuhimu wa unyenyekevu; kisa cha tatu ni safari ya kihistoria kati ya [[Musa|Nabii Musa]] na mja mwema Khidr inayobainisha siri za hekima na elimu ya kimungu katika matukio ya kimaisha; na kisa cha nne ni cha mfalme muadilifu, Dhul-Qarnayn, aliyezunguka dunia kusimamisha uadilifu na kujenga ukuta mkubwa wa chuma ili kuzuia uharibifu wa jamii za Yajuj na Majuj.<ref name="FarsyKahf">{{cite book |last=Farsy |first=Abdullah Saleh |title=Tafsiri ya Kurani Tukufu |year=1969 |publisher=The Islamic Foundation |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Sura}} {{Mbegu-Islam}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Surah za Quran]] dm52jjjp1jjhrwrnzj5glj5n0q93obc 1548144 1548143 2026-05-22T09:03:02Z Anuary Rajabu 45588 1548144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Sura | Namba = 18 | Jina la Kiarabu = الْكَهْف | Jina la Kilatini = Al-Kahf | Maana ya Jina = Pango | Matini ya Kiarabu= ﷽ <br> ﴿١﴾ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَابَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجًا ۛ <br> ﴿٢﴾ قَيِّمًا لِّيُنذِرَ بَأْسًا شَدِيدًا mِّن لَّdُنْهُ وَيُبَشِّرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحَاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْرًا حَسَنًا <br> ... | Sauti = Sura Minshawi 18.ogg | Aina = [[Makka]] | Mahali = 15–16 | Idadi ya Aya = 110 | Idadi ya Maneno = 1,583 | Idadi ya Herufi = 6,425 | Sura iliyopita = [[Al-Isra'|17: Al-Isra']] | Sura inayofuata = [[Surat Maryam|19: Maryam]] }} '''Al-Kahf''' (kwa [[Kiarabu]]: {{rtl-lang|ar|الكهف}} ''al-Kahf'', maana: "Pango") ni [[surah|sura]] ya 18 katika mpangilio wa msahafu wa [[Qurani]], kitabu cha dini ya [[Uislamu]]. Sura hii ina jumla ya [[ayah|aya]] 110 na inatambulika kuwa ni sura ya Makka (Makkiyyah) kwa sababu ilishushwa kabla ya [[Hija|Hijrah]] ya [[Mtume Muhammad]] kwenda Madina.<ref name="EI2Kahf">{{cite book |last=Bosworth |first=C.E. |title=Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition |year=1997 |publisher=Brill |volume=4 |pages=407–408 |url=https://brillonline.com |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> Sura hii inashikilia nafasi ya upekee katika maisha ya kila wiki ya Waislamu, inashauliwa kwa kuwa ni miongoni mwa [[Sunna]] katika mapokeo ya [[Hadithi za Mtume Muhammad|hadithi]] kusoma sura hii kila siku ya [[Ijumaa]] kwa ajili ya kupata mwongozo wa kiroho na kinga dhidi ya fitna za [[Masihi Dajjal]].<ref name="MuslimKahf">{{cite web |title=Sahih Muslim - Virtues of Surah Al-Kahf and Dajjal |url=https://sunnah.com |publisher=Sunnah.com Portal |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Historia == Inaelezwa kuwa jina la sura hii linatokana na kisa cha kwanza kilichotajwa ndani yake kuanzia aya ya 9 hadi ya 26 kinachohusu "Watu wa Pangoni". Kisa hiki kinahusu vijana waliokimbia mji wao kulinda imani yao dhidi ya mfalme dhalimu, ambapo walijificha pangoni na kulazwa usingizi na [[Mwenyezi Mungu]] kwa muda wa zaidi ya miaka 300 pamoja na mbwa wao aliekuwa mlangoni. Mbali na kisa hicho, sura hii inakusanya jumla ya visa vingine vitatu vikuu vya kihistoria vyenye mafundisho tofauti: kisa cha pili ni cha mtu aliyejivunia utajiri wa bustani zake mbili na kukata tamaa na neema za kimungu, kikifundisha umuhimu wa unyenyekevu; kisa cha tatu ni safari ya kihistoria kati ya [[Musa|Nabii Musa]] na mja mwema Khidr inayobainisha siri za hekima na elimu ya kimungu katika matukio ya kimaisha; na kisa cha nne ni cha mfalme muadilifu, Dhul-Qarnayn, aliyezunguka dunia kusimamisha uadilifu na kujenga ukuta mkubwa wa chuma ili kuzuia uharibifu wa jamii za Yajuj na Majuj.<ref name="FarsyKahf">{{cite book |last=Farsy |first=Abdullah Saleh |title=Tafsiri ya Kurani Tukufu |year=1969 |publisher=The Islamic Foundation |url=https://archive.org |access-date=Mei 22, 2026}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Sura}} [[Jamii:Quran]] [[Jamii:Surah za Quran]] 7771i1he9va22z0b1xuxbhqkg84b5s3 0 237523 1548150 2026-05-22T09:20:42Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548150 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Georges Grenfell''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Kongo]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa mmoja wa Mawaziri wa kwanza wa Zaire (sasa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo) katika serikali ya Patrice Lumumba, iliyodumu kuanzia 24 Juni hadi 12 Septemba 1960. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha MNC-L.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110664|title=Congo Background Of Conflict|last=Merriam|first=p alan|date=1961}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] me2hh5ksy4ptfyncytt26gb219y081e 1548246 1548150 2026-05-22T11:15:46Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548246 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Georges Grenfell''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Kongo]]. Aliteuliwa kuwa mmoja wa Mawaziri wa kwanza wa Zaire (sasa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo) katika serikali ya Patrice Lumumba, iliyodumu kuanzia 24 Juni hadi 12 Septemba 1960. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha MNC-L.<ref>{{Rejea kitabu|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.110664|title=Congo Background Of Conflict|last=Merriam|first=p alan|date=1961}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] f6drgj5mvnovsx5cw8lsgcdrx8n0ggi 0 237524 1548156 2026-05-22T09:29:17Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548156 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gilbert Kankonde Malamba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=DRC • How Tshisekedi once tried to negotiate M23 surrender with a million dollars - 17/11/2022|url=https://www.africaintelligence.com/central-africa/2022/11/17/how-tshisekedi-once-tried-to-negotiate-m23-surrender-with-a-million-dollars,109865589-gra|work=Africa Intelligence|date=2022-11-17|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama, Ugatuaji na Masuala ya Kimila katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] icibehcrskrwczdg1n26gj5e8lfhwig 1548249 1548156 2026-05-22T11:17:31Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548249 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gilbert Kankonde Malamba''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DRC • How Tshisekedi once tried to negotiate M23 surrender with a million dollars - 17/11/2022|url=https://www.africaintelligence.com/central-africa/2022/11/17/how-tshisekedi-once-tried-to-negotiate-m23-surrender-with-a-million-dollars,109865589-gra|work=Africa Intelligence|date=2022-11-17|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani na Usalama, Ugatuaji na Masuala ya Kimila katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] qwl95u3z2aatq3in96yulqy0nvqc256 3 237525 1548158 2026-05-22T09:48:13Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548158 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 5g9cxazagf3r8cgfg9qmst86vsm7tf1 3 237526 1548159 2026-05-22T09:48:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548159 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 5g9cxazagf3r8cgfg9qmst86vsm7tf1 3 237527 1548160 2026-05-22T09:48:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548160 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 5g9cxazagf3r8cgfg9qmst86vsm7tf1 3 237528 1548161 2026-05-22T09:48:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548161 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 5g9cxazagf3r8cgfg9qmst86vsm7tf1 3 237529 1548162 2026-05-22T09:48:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548162 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:48, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 5g9cxazagf3r8cgfg9qmst86vsm7tf1 3 237530 1548163 2026-05-22T09:49:05Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548163 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) hzx4zfo1zt6j1rcmahl2rppn82mbp1v 3 237531 1548164 2026-05-22T09:49:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548164 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) hzx4zfo1zt6j1rcmahl2rppn82mbp1v 3 237532 1548165 2026-05-22T09:49:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548165 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) hzx4zfo1zt6j1rcmahl2rppn82mbp1v 3 237533 1548166 2026-05-22T09:49:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548166 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) hzx4zfo1zt6j1rcmahl2rppn82mbp1v 3 237534 1548167 2026-05-22T09:49:43Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548167 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) hzx4zfo1zt6j1rcmahl2rppn82mbp1v 3 237535 1548168 2026-05-22T09:49:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548168 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:49, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) hzx4zfo1zt6j1rcmahl2rppn82mbp1v 3 237536 1548169 2026-05-22T09:50:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548169 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 7s4mfuz2n14npd7xfylf7p8duvninob 3 237537 1548170 2026-05-22T09:50:13Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548170 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 7s4mfuz2n14npd7xfylf7p8duvninob 3 237538 1548171 2026-05-22T09:50:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548171 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 7s4mfuz2n14npd7xfylf7p8duvninob 3 237539 1548172 2026-05-22T09:50:34Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548172 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 7s4mfuz2n14npd7xfylf7p8duvninob 3 237540 1548173 2026-05-22T09:50:44Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548173 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 7s4mfuz2n14npd7xfylf7p8duvninob 3 237541 1548174 2026-05-22T09:50:54Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548174 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:50, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) 7s4mfuz2n14npd7xfylf7p8duvninob 3 237542 1548175 2026-05-22T09:51:04Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548175 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) bsbqdqsvbgfl9vol9xbctspblxx0ftg 3 237543 1548176 2026-05-22T09:51:14Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548176 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) bsbqdqsvbgfl9vol9xbctspblxx0ftg 3 237544 1548177 2026-05-22T09:51:24Z AmmarBot 81277 Karibu 1548177 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="background-color: #EEEEFF; border: solid 1px #eaa5ff; padding: 6pt; margin: 1em auto; width: 85%"> <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''<big>Karibu kwenye Wikipedia kwa Kiswahili!</big>'''</p> Tunamfurahia kila mmoja anayeingia na kuungana nasi. Hii ni kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru. Unaweza kuandika makala uipendayo ama kuitafsiri kutoka Wikipedia ya lugha nyingine. Ukipenda kutumia '''kurasa zetu za mwongozo na msaada''', a) ukitumia simu bofya kwa "'''Dawati'''" chini kwenye dirisha lako na b) ubadilishe mwonekano wa Wikipedia kwa kubofya "'''Switch to old look'''" kwenye menyu upande wa kushoto. Kwa mawili matatu labda tazama:<br> * [[Wikipedia:Ukurasa wangu na kurasa za kamusi|Kuhusu ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji na kurasa nyingine]] * [[Wikipedia:Mwongozo|Ukurasa wa mwongozo]] * [https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamii:Msaada Jamii:Msaada] <small>(makala zilizomo humo zinaweza kusaidia mara nyingi)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Jumuia|Ukurasa wa jumuia]] <small>(pamoja na '''[[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]''', penye majina walio tayari kukusaidia)</small> * [[Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo|Makala za msingi za Wikipedia]] Jisikie huru kuuliza swali lolote lihusianalo na Wikipedia hii. Karibu kujitambulisha kwenye "Ukurasa wa mtumiaji". Ukitaka kupata kwanza uzoefu wa kuweza kuhariri Wikipedia, tafadhali tumia '''[[Msaada:Jaribio#2._Jaribio_katika_nafasi_yako_ya_mtumiaji| ukurasa wako kwa majaribio]]'''. Humo unaruhusiwa kujipatia uzoefu wa uundaji wa makala za Wikipedia! Juu yako mwenyewe uandike tu kwenye '''[[Special:Mypage|ukurasa wako wa mtumiaji]]'''. Humo uko huru kutangaza chochote upendacho, kama si biashara au matusi. <big>'''Ujue miiko:'''</big> * usilete kamwe matini wala [[Msaada:Picha|picha kutoka tovuti za nje]]. * usiingize matangazo ya kibiashara (pamoja na kuelekeza kwa kurasa zenye matangazo). * usimwage kamwe matini kutoka [[Msaada:Tafsiri ya kompyuta‎|google-translate]] au [[Msaada:Tafsiri|programu za kutafsiri]]. * usitumie kama vyanzo vya taarifa au tanbihi <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (au mradi mwingine wa Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, ila unaweza kutumia vyanzo vyake kwa kuvitaja vyenyewe moja kwa moja. Tunakushauri pia [[Wikipedia:Email|kuandikisha email]] yako; haitaonekana na wengine lakini wataweza kukuandikia kupitia mfumo wa Wikipedia. Karibu sana! <p style="margin-left: 5em;">'''Welcome to Kiswahili Wikipedia!'''</p> We welcome you even if you don't speak Kiswahili. For a bot flag go to [[Wikipedia:Bots|this site]]. If you try to edit entries as a non-speaker, it is better to first communicate with one of our admins who can advise you. You may find them at [[Wikipedia:Wakabidhi]]. And, please: * '''do not''' post computer translated texts (like Google Translate, [[Special:ContentTranslation|Content Translation]], etc. all do not work for Swahili) * nor copied texts/images from other webs to this site! * do not use links to commercial pages, never post anything that looks like advertising. * do not use as references <nowiki><ref>Wikipedia (or another project of Wikimedia)</ref></nowiki>, though you can use their references by writing them themselves. As a newcomer we advise that you [[:en:Wikipedia:Emailing_users|register your email]]. This will not be visible to others but it allows us to notify you, which often is helpful in case of problems. </div> '''[[Mtumiaji:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AmmarBot|majadiliano]])''' 09:51, 22 Mei 2026 (UTC) bsbqdqsvbgfl9vol9xbctspblxx0ftg 0 237545 1548179 2026-05-22T09:51:50Z Family 001 70423 Nimeanzisha makala mpya 1548179 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Driss Mrini.jpg|thumb|'''Driss Mrini''']] '''Driss Mrini''' (alizaliwa tarehe 11 Februari 1950) ni mwongozaji wa filamu na televisheni, mtayarishaji, na mwandishi kutoka nchini [[Moroko|Morocco]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini Salé mnamo mwaka 1950 na akaondoka kwenda kusomea mambo ya mawasiliano katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Hamburg]] nchini [[Ujerumani]]. Baada ya kufanya kazi kama msaidizi katika utayarishaji wa vipindi vya televisheni nchini Ujerumani, alirejea Morocco. Muda mfupi baadaye, alijiunga na televisheni ya taifa ya Morocco na kutengeneza filamu kadhaa za maandishi. Filamu yake ya Aida ilichaguliwa kuiwakilisha nchi ya Morocco katika Tuzo za Oscar za mwaka 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oscars (Event)|url=https://www.indiewire.com/t/oscars/|work=IndieWire|date=2026-05-19|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kazi == Driss Mrini ametengeneza filamu kadhaa, makala za filamu na vipindi kadhaa vya televisheni. Baadhi ya filamu hizo ni pamoja na: * 1983 : ''Bamou'' * 2011 : ''Larbi'' * 2015 : ''Aida'' * 2017: ''Lahnech'' == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Afrika]] kjd2re978c8zab4h4bpfq346alunx7r 1548216 1548179 2026-05-22T10:50:30Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548216 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faili:Driss Mrini.jpg|thumb|'''Driss Mrini''']] '''Driss Mrini''' (alizaliwa tarehe 11 Februari 1950) ni mwongozaji wa filamu na televisheni, mtayarishaji, na mwandishi kutoka nchini [[Moroko|Morocco]]. == Wasifu == Alizaliwa mjini Salé mnamo mwaka 1950 na akaondoka kwenda kusomea mambo ya mawasiliano katika [[Chuo Kikuu cha Hamburg]] nchini [[Ujerumani]]. Baada ya kufanya kazi kama msaidizi katika utayarishaji wa vipindi vya televisheni nchini Ujerumani, alirejea Morocco. Muda mfupi baadaye, alijiunga na televisheni ya taifa ya Morocco na kutengeneza filamu kadhaa za maandishi. Filamu yake ya Aida ilichaguliwa kuiwakilisha nchi ya Morocco katika Tuzo za Oscar za mwaka 2016.<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Oscars (Event)|url=https://www.indiewire.com/t/oscars/|work=IndieWire|date=2026-05-19|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> == Kazi == Driss Mrini ametengeneza filamu kadhaa, makala za filamu na vipindi kadhaa vya televisheni. Baadhi ya filamu hizo ni pamoja na: * 1983 : ''Bamou'' * 2011 : ''Larbi'' * 2015 : ''Aida'' * 2017: ''Lahnech'' == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Africa Film Cinema Tanzania 2026]] [[Jamii:Waongozaji filamu]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Afrika]] [[Jamii:Waandishi wa Afrika]] qa9uxi6nievuh1rk2e4jjhbpvid4n96 0 237546 1548181 2026-05-22T10:04:47Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Helen Herrick Malsed''' (1910 – 13 Novemba 1998) alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Vifaa vyake maarufu vya kuchezea ni pamoja na Slinky Dog na Slinky Train, vilivyotokana na [[Slinky]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Helen-Herrick-Malsed|title=Helen](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Helen-Herrick-Malsed|title=Helen) Herrick Malsed {{!}} American toy inventor|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|langua...' 1548181 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helen Herrick Malsed''' (1910 – 13 Novemba 1998) alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Vifaa vyake maarufu vya kuchezea ni pamoja na Slinky Dog na Slinky Train, vilivyotokana na [[Slinky]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Helen-Herrick-Malsed|title=Helen](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Helen-Herrick-Malsed|title=Helen) Herrick Malsed {{!}} American toy inventor|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2020-02-24}}</ref> **TOC** == Wasifu == Malsed alizaliwa mjini Cincinnati akiwa binti wa Fred Herrick, mfanyabiashara wa mbao. Aliishi St. Maries, Idaho, kisha [[Spokane, Washington]] pamoja na familia yake. Kwa elimu ya sekondari, Helen alisoma katika Annie Wright Seminary (sasa Annie Wright Schools) huko Tacoma, Washington, ambako alihitimu mwaka 1928.<ref>[https://archive.org/embed/AWSShield1931OCR](https://archive.org/embed/AWSShield1931OCR)" width="560" height="384" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true</ref> Baadaye aliacha masomo katika Whitman College kutokana na matatizo ya kifedha ya familia yake, na akaendelea kusomea masuala ya matangazo ya biashara huko San Francisco. Alikutana na Marion Parker Malsed walipokuwa wakifanya kazi katika duka la Frederick & Nelson huko Seattle, na baadaye walifunga ndoa. Walipata mtoto mmoja wa kiume aliyeitwa Fredrick.<ref name="NYTimes">{{Cite news|last=McDowell|first=Edwin|url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/29/business/helen-h-malsed-88-creator-of-slinky-toys.html|title=Helen](https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/29/business/helen-h-malsed-88-creator-of-slinky-toys.html|title=Helen) H. Malsed, 88, Creator of Slinky Toys|date=1998-11-29|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-02-24|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1910|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] fbmfg2yr624qssd04mfahkg38ggsd09 1548267 1548181 2026-05-22T11:27:51Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 2 template(s) replaced. 1548267 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Helen Herrick Malsed''' (1910 – 13 Novemba 1998) alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vifaa vya kuchezea kutoka [[Marekani]]. Vifaa vyake maarufu vya kuchezea ni pamoja na Slinky Dog na Slinky Train, vilivyotokana na [[Slinky]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|url=[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Helen-Herrick-Malsed|title=Helen](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Helen-Herrick-Malsed|title=Helen) Herrick Malsed {{!}} American toy inventor|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2020-02-24}}</ref> **TOC** == Wasifu == Malsed alizaliwa mjini Cincinnati akiwa binti wa Fred Herrick, mfanyabiashara wa mbao. Aliishi St. Maries, Idaho, kisha [[Spokane, Washington]] pamoja na familia yake. Kwa elimu ya sekondari, Helen alisoma katika Annie Wright Seminary (sasa Annie Wright Schools) huko Tacoma, Washington, ambako alihitimu mwaka 1928.<ref>[https://archive.org/embed/AWSShield1931OCR](https://archive.org/embed/AWSShield1931OCR)" width="560" height="384" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true</ref> Baadaye aliacha masomo katika Whitman College kutokana na matatizo ya kifedha ya familia yake, na akaendelea kusomea masuala ya matangazo ya biashara huko San Francisco. Alikutana na Marion Parker Malsed walipokuwa wakifanya kazi katika duka la Frederick & Nelson huko Seattle, na baadaye walifunga ndoa. Walipata mtoto mmoja wa kiume aliyeitwa Fredrick.<ref name="NYTimes">{{Rejea habari|last=McDowell|first=Edwin|url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/29/business/helen-h-malsed-88-creator-of-slinky-toys.html|title=Helen](https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/29/business/helen-h-malsed-88-creator-of-slinky-toys.html|title=Helen) H. Malsed, 88, Creator of Slinky Toys|date=1998-11-29|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-02-24|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1910|1998}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] sf8eml4i06viwo3jezr0ueg55e79f09 0 237547 1548183 2026-05-22T10:09:45Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Louis Marx''' (11 Agosti 1896 – 5 Februari 1982) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vichezeo na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye kampuni yake, Louis Marx and Company, ilikuwa kampuni kubwa zaidi ya vichezeo duniani katika miaka ya 1950. Alielezwa na baadhi ya watu kama mfanyabiashara mwenye uzoefu mkubwa lakini mwenye akili ya mtoto katika ubunifu na mtazamo wa michezo.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Information Marx History|url = [http://www.marxtoymuseum.com/...' 1548183 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Louis Marx''' (11 Agosti 1896 – 5 Februari 1982) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vichezeo na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye kampuni yake, Louis Marx and Company, ilikuwa kampuni kubwa zaidi ya vichezeo duniani katika miaka ya 1950. Alielezwa na baadhi ya watu kama mfanyabiashara mwenye uzoefu mkubwa lakini mwenye akili ya mtoto katika ubunifu na mtazamo wa michezo.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Information Marx History|url = [http://www.marxtoymuseum.com/info_marx_history.htm|website](http://www.marxtoymuseum.com/info_marx_history.htm|website) = marxtoymuseum.com|accessdate = 2015-12-04}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1896|1982}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] cnr9tdmo8g5ym2to3pj62m658nm2gqe 0 237548 1548184 2026-05-22T10:13:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Uwe Mèffert''' (28 Novemba 1939 – 30 Aprili 2022) alikuwa Uwe Mèffert mbunifu wa mafumbo na mvumbuzi kutoka [[Ujerumani]]. Alitengeneza na kuuza mafumbo ya kiufundi yanayofanana na Rubik's Cube tangu kipindi cha umaarufu wa “cube craze” katika miaka ya 1980. Ubunifu wake wa kwanza ulikuwa Pyraminx, ambao aliutengeneza kabla hata ya kubuniwa kwa Rubik's Cube ya awali. Pia alianzisha kampuni yake mwenyewe ya mafumbo na kusaidia kuleta sokoni mafu...' 1548184 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Uwe Mèffert''' (28 Novemba 1939 – 30 Aprili 2022) alikuwa Uwe Mèffert mbunifu wa mafumbo na mvumbuzi kutoka [[Ujerumani]]. Alitengeneza na kuuza mafumbo ya kiufundi yanayofanana na Rubik's Cube tangu kipindi cha umaarufu wa “cube craze” katika miaka ya 1980. Ubunifu wake wa kwanza ulikuwa Pyraminx, ambao aliutengeneza kabla hata ya kubuniwa kwa Rubik's Cube ya awali. Pia alianzisha kampuni yake mwenyewe ya mafumbo na kusaidia kuleta sokoni mafumbo kama Megaminx, Skewb, Skewb Diamond na mafumbo mengine mengi. == Historia ya mafumbo == === Ubunifu wa Pyraminx === Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1970, Mèffert alivutiwa na wazo la kuchunguza kama maumbo kama piramidi, kuba na maumbo mengine yanaweza kuathiri afya ya binadamu na mtiririko wa nishati ya mwili (bio-energy).<ref name="slocum49">{{Cite book|title=The Cube: The Ultimate Guide to the World's Bestselling Puzzle|editor1-first=Jerry|editor1-last=Slocum|page=49|publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal|year=2009|isbn=978-1579128050}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|2022}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ujerumani]] na4kaiqiqbua9tbdgv7sahllhmmrcy4 0 237549 1548187 2026-05-22T10:16:27Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marvin Glass and Associates''' (MGA) ilikuwa kampuni ya ubunifu na uhandisi wa [[toy|vifaa vya kuchezea]] iliyokuwa na makao yake mjini [[Chicago]]. Marvin Glass (1914–1974) pamoja na wafanyakazi wake walibuni baadhi ya vifaa vya kuchezea na michezo iliyofanikiwa zaidi katika karne ya ishirini, kama vile Mr. Machine, Rock 'Em Sock 'Em Robots, Lite Brite, Ants in the Pants,<ref>{{cite web | url=[https://thirdcoastreview.com/2022/10/22/interview-making-...' 1548187 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marvin Glass and Associates''' (MGA) ilikuwa kampuni ya ubunifu na uhandisi wa [[toy|vifaa vya kuchezea]] iliyokuwa na makao yake mjini [[Chicago]]. Marvin Glass (1914–1974) pamoja na wafanyakazi wake walibuni baadhi ya vifaa vya kuchezea na michezo iliyofanikiwa zaidi katika karne ya ishirini, kama vile Mr. Machine, Rock 'Em Sock 'Em Robots, Lite Brite, Ants in the Pants,<ref>{{cite web | url=[https://thirdcoastreview.com/2022/10/22/interview-making-fun-jeffrey-breslows-30-years-of-toy-and-game-making/](https://thirdcoastreview.com/2022/10/22/interview-making-fun-jeffrey-breslows-30-years-of-toy-and-game-making/) | title=Interview: Making Fun—Jeffrey Breslow's 30+ Years of Toy and Game Making | date=22 October 2022 }}</ref> Mouse Trap, Operation, Simon, Body Language, na Evel Knievel Stunt Cycle.<ref>Sharon M. Scott, ''Toys and American Culture: An Encyclopedia'' ([[ABC-CLIO]], 2010), {{ISBN|978-0313351112}}, pp. 131-132. [[https://books.google.com/books?id=mbTUorcuXkoC&dq=%22Marvin+Glass%22+toy&pg=PA131](https://books.google.com/books?id=mbTUorcuXkoC&dq=%22Marvin+Glass%22+toy&pg=PA131) Excerpts available] at [[Google Books]].</ref><ref>Stephen Van Dulken, ''American Inventions: A History of Curious, Extraordinary, and Just Plain Useful Patents'' ([[NYU Press]], 2004), {{ISBN|978-0814788134}}, p. 38.[[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbpU6LI89nIC&q=%22marvin+glass%22&pg=PA38](https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbpU6LI89nIC&q=%22marvin+glass%22&pg=PA38) Excerpts available] at [[Google Books]].</ref><ref>[[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=RmhPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=mSQEAAAAIBAJ&dq=marvin-glass&pg=7027%2C3996042](https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=RmhPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=mSQEAAAAIBAJ&dq=marvin-glass&pg=7027%2C3996042) "Glass still makes toys at age 57"], [[United Press International|UPI]] in ''[[Times-News (Hendersonville, North Carolina)|Hendersonville Times-News]]'', April 22, 1971.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] bugvxyc2zrvzkuzild6vb0c72aln0ir 0 237550 1548188 2026-05-22T10:18:58Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Morris Michtom''' (12 Septemba 1869 – 21 Julai 1938) alikuwa mfanyabiashara na mvumbuzi aliyezaliwa [[Urusi]]. Pamoja na mke wake Rose, ambaye pia alikuwa Myahudi kutoka Urusi aliyehamia [[Brooklyn]], alianzisha kampuni ya Ideal Novelty and Toy Company. Michtom alipata wazo la kutengeneza teddy bear mwaka 1902,<ref name=JVLMichtom>{{cite web |url=[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Michtoms.html](http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.or...' 1548188 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Morris Michtom''' (12 Septemba 1869 – 21 Julai 1938) alikuwa mfanyabiashara na mvumbuzi aliyezaliwa [[Urusi]]. Pamoja na mke wake Rose, ambaye pia alikuwa Myahudi kutoka Urusi aliyehamia [[Brooklyn]], alianzisha kampuni ya Ideal Novelty and Toy Company. Michtom alipata wazo la kutengeneza teddy bear mwaka 1902,<ref name=JVLMichtom>{{cite web |url=[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Michtoms.html](http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Michtoms.html) |title=Rose and Morris Michtom and the Invention of the Teddy Bear| work=[[American Jewish Historical Society]] |access-date=20 March 2011}}</ref> wakati huohuo ambapo Richard Steiff nchini Ujerumani naye alipata wazo la dubu wa kuchezea mwenye viungo vinavyosogea. Baada ya kifo cha Michtom, kampuni hiyo ilikuja kuwa kampuni kubwa zaidi ya kutengeneza wanasesere nchini Marekani. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1869|1938}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] lf4jfjy6vy8voo1wjryr92gkcbvx8wc 0 237551 1548189 2026-05-22T10:20:51Z Muddyb 379 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Lawrence Nyasebwa Mafuru''' (20 Juni 1972 – 9 Novemba 2024) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fedha, mtendaji mkuu wa mashirika na mshauri mwandamizi wa uchumi nchini [[Tanzania]]. Hadi kifo chake, alihudumu kama Katibu Mtendaji wa Tume ya Mipango ya Taifa, nafasi ambayo aliongoza uratibu na uandishi wa Dira ya Maendeleo ya Taifa 2050<ref name=":thecitizen">{{cite news |title=Lawrence Mafuru: Seasoned banker and instrumental executive who led the drafting of Tanzan...' 1548189 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lawrence Nyasebwa Mafuru''' (20 Juni 1972 – 9 Novemba 2024) alikuwa mtaalamu wa fedha, mtendaji mkuu wa mashirika na mshauri mwandamizi wa uchumi nchini [[Tanzania]]. Hadi kifo chake, alihudumu kama Katibu Mtendaji wa Tume ya Mipango ya Taifa, nafasi ambayo aliongoza uratibu na uandishi wa Dira ya Maendeleo ya Taifa 2050<ref name=":thecitizen">{{cite news |title=Lawrence Mafuru: Seasoned banker and instrumental executive who led the drafting of Tanzania's Vision 2050 |url=https://thecitizen.co.tz |work=The Citizen |date=11 November 2024 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Mafuru alizaliwa tarehe 20 Juni mwaka 1972 nchini Tanzania. Alipata elimu yake ya juu katika Chuo cha Usimamizi wa Fedha (IFM) jijini [[Dar es Salaam]] ambapo alitunukiwa Stashahada ya Juu. Baadaye, alijiunga na [[Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam]] (UDSM) na kuhitimu Shahada ya Uzamili ya Usimamizi wa Biashara (MBA) akibobea katika masuala ya Fedha. Kitaaluma, alikuwa mwanachama aliyethibitishwa wa Taasisi ya Mabenki ya London (Chartered Institute of Bankers London) na pia mtaalamu aliyethibitishwa wa masoko ya fedha kupitia ACI Financial Markets<ref name=":thecitizen" />. == Kazi katika sekta ya benki == Lawrence Mafuru alikuwa na mchango mkubwa katika kuendeleza sekta ya kibenki nchini Tanzania kwa zaidi ya miaka 20. Alianza kazi yake katika Benki ya Standard Chartered mnamo mwaka 1998, akijikita katika masuala ya fedha na biashara za kimataifa<ref name=":mwananchi_safari">{{cite news |title=Safari ya Mafuru ndani na nje ya Serikali |url=https://mwananchi.co.tz |work=Mwananchi |date=9 November 2024 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>. Baadaye alihudumu katika Benki ya NBC (National Bank of Commerce) kama Mkuu wa Kitengo cha Hazina, na kisha akateuliwa kuwa Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (CEO), akiwa Mtanzania wa kwanza kushika nafasi hiyo ya juu tangu benki hiyo ibinafsishwe. Alichaguliwa pia kuwa Mwenyekiti wa Umoja wa Mabenki Tanzania (TBA), ambapo aliongoza majadiliano ya kisera kati ya mabenki na Serikali. Pia, alianzisha kampuni ya ushauri wa kifedha ya ''Bankable Tanzania'' na alihudumu kama mjumbe wa bodi mbalimbali za wakurugenzi ikiwemo Benki ya CRDB, Shirika la Umeme Tanzania ([[TANESCO]]), na Kituo cha Uwekezaji Tanzania (TIC). == Utumishi wa umma == Kutokana na weledi wake, Serikali ya Awamu ya Sita chini ya Rais [[Samia Suluhu Hassan]] ilimkasimu majukumu mbalimbali ya kiuchumi. Alihudumu kama Msajili wa Hazina ambapo alisimamia uwekezaji na mashirika yote ya umma chini ya Wizara ya Fedha. Ndani ya Wizara hiyo, alihudumu pia kama Kamishna wa Idara ya Uchambuzi wa Sera na baadaye kuwa Naibu Katibu Mkuu anayeshughulikia Sera za Usimamizi wa Uchumi. Tarehe 5 Julai 2023, aliteuliwa rasmi na Rais Samia Suluhu Hassan kuwa Katibu Mtendaji wa Tume ya Mipango ya Taifa<ref>{{cite news |title=President Samia Makes Minor Cabinet Reshuffle, Forms New National Planning Commission |url=https://allafrica.com |work=AllAfrica |date=6 July 2023 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>. Katika nafasi hiyo, aliongoza mabadiliko ya kimuundo ya kiuchumi na kuandaa mipango ya muda mrefu ya nchi ikiwemo Dira ya 2050. == Kifo == Lawrence Mafuru alifariki dunia tarehe 9 Novemba 2024 akiwa na umri wa miaka 52, katika Hospitali ya Apollo nchini [[India]], alikokuwa akipatiwa matibabu ya ugonjwa wa saratani ya damu (Leukemia)<ref>{{cite news |title=Huu ndio ugonjwa uliosababisha kifo cha Mafuru |url=https://mwananchi.co.tz kifo-cha-mafuru-4823308 |work=Mwananchi |date=14 November 2024 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mafuru afariki dunia, Rais Samia aomboleza |url=https://mwananchi.co.tz |work=Mwananchi |date=9 November 2024 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>. Mwili wake ulizikwa tarehe 15 Novemba 2024 katika makaburi ya Kondo yaliyopo Tegeta, jijini Dar es Salaam<ref>{{cite news |title=Hali ilivyo nyumbani kwa Mafuru |url=https://mwananchi.co.tz |work=Mwananchi |date=11 November 2024 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>. == Marejeo == {{reflist}} == Viungo vya Nje == * [https://mwananchi.co.tz Lawrence Mafuru afariki dunia] - Mwananchi {{BD|1972|2024|Mafuru, Lawrence}} [[Jamii:Wachumi wa Tanzania]] [[Jamii:Watu kutoka Dar es Salaam]] ialx9dxp2bzylu6q4ydzjfeu9mzpwgw 0 237552 1548190 2026-05-22T10:22:04Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Howard J. Morrison''' (1932 – 21 Januari 2025) alikuwa mbunifu wa michezo kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana kwa kubuni mchezo wa ''Simon '' pamoja na Ralph H. Baer alipokuwa akifanya kazi katika kampuni ya [[Marvin Glass and Associates]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Espacenet - Bibliographic data |url=[https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=4207087&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP](https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC...' 1548190 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Howard J. Morrison''' (1932 – 21 Januari 2025) alikuwa mbunifu wa michezo kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana kwa kubuni mchezo wa ''Simon '' pamoja na Ralph H. Baer alipokuwa akifanya kazi katika kampuni ya [[Marvin Glass and Associates]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Espacenet - Bibliographic data |url=[https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=4207087&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP](https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=4207087&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP) |access-date=2022-09-07 |website=worldwide.espacenet.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] t9bkhitqqh0aym73oueh5hir18tn3yq 1548272 1548190 2026-05-22T11:34:13Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548272 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Howard J. Morrison''' (1932 – 21 Januari 2025) alikuwa mbunifu wa michezo kutoka [[Marekani]]. Anajulikana kwa kubuni mchezo wa ''Simon '' pamoja na Ralph H. Baer alipokuwa akifanya kazi katika kampuni ya [[Marvin Glass and Associates]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti |title=Espacenet - Bibliographic data |url=[https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=4207087&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP](https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=4207087&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP) |access-date=2022-09-07 |website=worldwide.espacenet.com}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] e191l6prlb6srrheo6tcxlu84ry4ufp 0 237553 1548191 2026-05-22T10:24:40Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sir Torquil Patrick Alexander Norman''' (11 Aprili 1933 – 19 Machi 2025) alikuwa mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Uingereza]], mpenda ndege za angani na mfadhili wa sanaa.<ref name="burke">{{cite book |title= [[Burke's Peerage|Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood]]|publisher=Burke's Peerage & Gentry |editor= Mosley, Charles |editor-link=Charles Mosley (genealogist) |edition=107 |year= 2003 |pages= 2918–2919|ref=Burke |isbn=0-9711966-2-1}}</ref> == Marej...' 1548191 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sir Torquil Patrick Alexander Norman''' (11 Aprili 1933 – 19 Machi 2025) alikuwa mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Uingereza]], mpenda ndege za angani na mfadhili wa sanaa.<ref name="burke">{{cite book |title= [[Burke's Peerage|Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood]]|publisher=Burke's Peerage & Gentry |editor= Mosley, Charles |editor-link=Charles Mosley (genealogist) |edition=107 |year= 2003 |pages= 2918–2919|ref=Burke |isbn=0-9711966-2-1}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] ge8jhue6g8jyo0pqelug681x1cc4cr8 0 237554 1548193 2026-05-22T10:30:52Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Larry D. Nichols''' (27 Desemba 1939 – 20 Julai 2022) alikuwa mbunifu wa mafumbo wa [[Marekani|Kimarekani]]. Alilelewa katika Xenia, [[Ohio]], na alisoma kemia katika Chuo Kikuu cha DePauw kilichopo Greencastle, Indiana, kabla ya kuhamia Massachusetts kujiunga na Shule ya Uzamili ya Harvard. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mafumbo ya kimitambo, yakiwemo 'The Nichols Cube Puzzle' (1972), ambayo ilikuwa na hati miliki US3655201.<ref name="sp">https://pa...' 1548193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Larry D. Nichols''' (27 Desemba 1939 – 20 Julai 2022) alikuwa mbunifu wa mafumbo wa [[Marekani|Kimarekani]]. Alilelewa katika Xenia, [[Ohio]], na alisoma kemia katika Chuo Kikuu cha DePauw kilichopo Greencastle, Indiana, kabla ya kuhamia Massachusetts kujiunga na Shule ya Uzamili ya Harvard. Alijulikana zaidi kwa kubuni mafumbo ya kimitambo, yakiwemo 'The Nichols Cube Puzzle' (1972), ambayo ilikuwa na hati miliki US3655201.<ref name="sp">[[https://patents.google.com/patent/US3655201](https://patents.google.com/patent/US3655201) Pattern forming puzzle and method with pieces rotatable in groups US 3655201 A]</ref> Aliishi pamoja na mke wake Karen mjini Arlington, Massachusetts kuanzia mwaka 1959. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1939|2022}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 1rfw3ea4ly7plcvdlqp2qican723gf8 0 237555 1548195 2026-05-22T10:33:47Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''John William Odell''' OBE (19 Machi 1920 – 7 Julai 2007) alikuwa mvumbuzi [[Uingereza|Mwingereza]] wa Matchbox na mhandisi aliyehusika na ubunifu wa kipekee wa muundo wa magari hayo madogo ya kuchezea.<ref name="nytobit">[[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/17/world/europe/17odell.html?ex=1342324800&en=91e5fb7f3b82c08c&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/17/world/europe/17odell.html?ex=1342324800&en=91e5fb7f3b82c08c&ei=5088&pa...' 1548195 wikitext text/x-wiki '''John William Odell''' OBE (19 Machi 1920 – 7 Julai 2007) alikuwa mvumbuzi [[Uingereza|Mwingereza]] wa Matchbox na mhandisi aliyehusika na ubunifu wa kipekee wa muundo wa magari hayo madogo ya kuchezea.<ref name="nytobit">[[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/17/world/europe/17odell.html?ex=1342324800&en=91e5fb7f3b82c08c&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss](https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/17/world/europe/17odell.html?ex=1342324800&en=91e5fb7f3b82c08c&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss) Jack Odell, 87, Designer of Matchbox Cars, Is Dead, ''New York Times'', Julai 17 2007]</ref> John William Odell alijiunga na washirika wake Leslie Smith na Rodney Smith kuanzisha kampuni ya Lesney Products.<ref name="tobit">[[https://web.archive.org/web/20080724213208/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2050957.ece](https://web.archive.org/web/20080724213208/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article2050957.ece) ''Times Online'' "Jack Odell" obituary]</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1920|2007}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ireland]] a7kwb03v1qi0njxu5njjmupl1dtb7ih 0 237556 1548196 2026-05-22T10:34:57Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Katsuhiko Okamoto''' ni mvumbuzi kutoka [[Japani]] ambaye anajikita katika kufanya marekebisho ya Rubik's Cube. Tangu mwaka 2001 amekuwa akitengeneza mafumbo 31 ya aina hiyo.<ref name="book">{{cite book | title=The Cube: The Ultimate Guide to the World's Bestselling Puzzle | publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal | author=Slocum, Jerry | year=2009 | location=United States | isbn=978-1-57912-805-0 | url-access=registration | url=[https://archive.org/details/isb...' 1548196 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Katsuhiko Okamoto''' ni mvumbuzi kutoka [[Japani]] ambaye anajikita katika kufanya marekebisho ya Rubik's Cube. Tangu mwaka 2001 amekuwa akitengeneza mafumbo 31 ya aina hiyo.<ref name="book">{{cite book | title=The Cube: The Ultimate Guide to the World's Bestselling Puzzle | publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal | author=Slocum, Jerry | year=2009 | location=United States | isbn=978-1-57912-805-0 | url-access=registration | url=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781579128050](https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781579128050) }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] snucjjtjas5p07wtzfgp6vhiou16071 0 237557 1548200 2026-05-22T10:40:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Kojin Ono''' (大野 光仁, Ōno Kōjin, alizaliwa Mei 11, 1959, [[Tokyo]]) ni mbunifu wa vinyago kutoka Japani anayefanya kazi na kampuni ya Takara tangu mwaka 1980.<ref>{{cite news|url=[https://www.sohu.com/a/681342367_121124832|title=【变形金刚档案馆】大野光仁——变形金刚最早的天才设计师](https://www.sohu.com/a/681342367_121124832|title=【变形金刚档案馆】大野光仁——变形金刚最早的天才设计师) |wor...' 1548200 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kojin Ono''' (大野 光仁, Ōno Kōjin, alizaliwa Mei 11, 1959, [[Tokyo]]) ni mbunifu wa vinyago kutoka Japani anayefanya kazi na kampuni ya Takara tangu mwaka 1980.<ref>{{cite news|url=[https://www.sohu.com/a/681342367_121124832|title=【变形金刚档案馆】大野光仁——变形金刚最早的天才设计师](https://www.sohu.com/a/681342367_121124832|title=【变形金刚档案馆】大野光仁——变形金刚最早的天才设计师) |work=[[Sohu]]|date=2 Juni 2023|access-date=16 Novemba 2024|language=zh}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1959|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Japani]] 7nfgvivo9gesifqmj9pzbqfaishkl6x 0 237558 1548204 2026-05-22T10:44:05Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Hilary''' "'''Harry'''" '''Fisher Page''' (20 Agosti 1904 – 24 Juni 1957) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vinyago [[Uingereza|Mwingereza]] na mvumbuzi wa matofali ya ujenzi yanayoji-lock (Self-Locking Building Bricks), ambayo yalikuwa mtangulizi wa matofali ya [[Lego]]. Alianzisha kampuni ya vinyago ya Kiddicraft. Hilary Fisher Page alikuwa mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya vinyago ya Kiddicraft. == Maisha ya Awali == Hilary "Harry" Fisher Page alizaliwa tarehe 20...' 1548204 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Hilary''' "'''Harry'''" '''Fisher Page''' (20 Agosti 1904 – 24 Juni 1957) alikuwa mtengenezaji wa vinyago [[Uingereza|Mwingereza]] na mvumbuzi wa matofali ya ujenzi yanayoji-lock (Self-Locking Building Bricks), ambayo yalikuwa mtangulizi wa matofali ya [[Lego]]. Alianzisha kampuni ya vinyago ya Kiddicraft. Hilary Fisher Page alikuwa mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya vinyago ya Kiddicraft. == Maisha ya Awali == Hilary "Harry" Fisher Page alizaliwa tarehe 20 Agosti 1904 katika Sanderstead, Uingereza. Alikuwa mtoto wa kwanza wa Samuel Fisher na Lillian Maude Page. Akiwa mtoto, alitengeneza vinyago vyake vya mbao na kuvumbua michezo mbalimbali, akisaidiwa na baba yake ambaye alikuwa akifanya kazi katika biashara ya mbao (lumber trade).<ref>{{cite web | title=Hilary Fisher Page and Kiddicraft | url=[https://www.ornaverum.org/family/waddell-walter-wardlaw/page-kiddicraft.html](https://www.ornaverum.org/family/waddell-walter-wardlaw/page-kiddicraft.html) | website=OrnaVerum | accessdate=22 Mei 2020}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1904|1957}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] aeq0iv3stn5pa4l9ub1l8ag2l03crnp 0 237559 1548208 2026-05-22T10:46:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Antonio Pasin''' (Julai 4, 1897 katika Rosà, [[Vicenza]], [[Italia]] – Julai 5, 1990 katika River Forest, Illinois) alikuwa mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya Radio Flyer, inayojulikana zaidi kwa kutengeneza mikokoteni ya watoto ya chuma iliyochongwa inayojulikana kama Radio Flyer. == Maisha == Alizaliwa katika [[Venice]], [[Italia]] akiwa mtoto wa [[seremala]],<ref name=inc>''Wild Ride in a red wagon; How an Italian immigrant created an icon of the American...' 1548208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antonio Pasin''' (Julai 4, 1897 katika Rosà, [[Vicenza]], [[Italia]] – Julai 5, 1990 katika River Forest, Illinois) alikuwa mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya Radio Flyer, inayojulikana zaidi kwa kutengeneza mikokoteni ya watoto ya chuma iliyochongwa inayojulikana kama Radio Flyer. == Maisha == Alizaliwa katika [[Venice]], [[Italia]] akiwa mtoto wa [[seremala]],<ref name=inc>''Wild Ride in a red wagon; How an Italian immigrant created an icon of the American childhood'' Novemba 2012 Inc</ref> Pasin alihamia Marekani mwaka 1913 akiwa na umri wa miaka 16 ili kuanza maisha mapya katika [[New York City]]. Mwanzoni hakuwa na fedha wala hakumjua mtu yeyote, lakini alitumia akiba yake, akanunua zana zilizotumika za useremala, na kukodi chumba kimoja cha kufanyia kazi, ambapo alitengeneza mkokoteni wake wa kwanza mwaka 1917, akauita *Liberty Coaster* baada ya kuvutiwa na [[Sanamu ya Uhuru]]. Baadaye alifungua kiwanda kidogo magharibi mwa [[Chicago]]. Baada ya kuoa Anna, ambaye pia alikuwa mhamiaji kutoka Italia, walibarikiwa kupata watoto watatu: wasichana wawili na mvulana mmoja. == Mkokoteni wa watoto == Mwaka 1927, akitaka kufanya mikokoteni iwe ya bei nafuu kwa kila mtoto, Pasin alitumia mbinu za uzalishaji wa wingi kwa kutumia kukata na kuunda chuma (steel stamping) zilizoigwa kutoka sekta ya magari, hatua iliyompatia lakabu ya "Little Ford".<ref name=scott-encyc>{{cite book|last=Scott|first=Sharon M.|title=Toys and American culture: an encyclopedia|year=2010|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-34798-6}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1897|1990}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] 5ib2wbz6j6pkdmp5tffdi0qriu5rysm 0 237560 1548212 2026-05-22T10:48:07Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Charles Bird Plimpton''' (Oktoba 31, 1894 – Desemba 29, 1948) alikuwa mvumbuzi na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Uingereza]]. Alivumbua Bayko mwaka 1933, ambayo ilikuwa toy ya plastiki ya kujengea (building model), na miongoni mwa vinyago vya mwanzo kabisa vya plastiki kuuzwa kibiashara.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.melright.com/bayko/](http://www.melright.com/bayko/) |title=The Bayko system |work=Bayko Building Site |first=Melvyn |last=Wright |access-dat...' 1548212 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Charles Bird Plimpton''' (Oktoba 31, 1894 – Desemba 29, 1948) alikuwa mvumbuzi na mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Uingereza]]. Alivumbua Bayko mwaka 1933, ambayo ilikuwa toy ya plastiki ya kujengea (building model), na miongoni mwa vinyago vya mwanzo kabisa vya plastiki kuuzwa kibiashara.<ref>{{cite web |url=[http://www.melright.com/bayko/](http://www.melright.com/bayko/) |title=The Bayko system |work=Bayko Building Site |first=Melvyn |last=Wright |access-date=14 Machi 2007}}</ref> Plimpton alianzisha kampuni ya Plimpton Engineering mjini [[Liverpool]], Uingereza, kwa ajili ya kutengeneza toy hiyo. Bayko ilisambazwa na kuuzwa duniani kote kwa zaidi ya miaka 30. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1894|1948}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 7km839mjuxgp4iyb3nxdgojs5oxpvq2 0 237561 1548214 2026-05-22T10:49:14Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548214 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alexis Gisaro Muvuni''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=RDC : publication du gouvernement Sama Lukonde|url=https://www.radiookapi.net/2021/04/12/actualite/politique/rdc-publication-du-gouvernement-sama-lukonde|work=Radio Okapi|date=2021-04-12|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 7dsqbdnalkyk08vshwtihduinvrr4z7 0 237562 1548215 2026-05-22T10:50:23Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Susanna Passavant''' (1711–1790) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Kiingereza]]. Alikuwa muuzaji wa bidhaa za anasa (luxury goods) mwenye ushawishi wa kimataifa katika biashara ya vito na bidhaa za kifahari.<ref>Louisa Elena Brouwer: "At the Plume of Feathers": Susanna Passavant and the Jewelry Trade of Eighteenth-century London and Abroad. University of Delaware, 2011</ref> Susanna Passavant alikuwa miongoni mwa wafanyabiashara waliokuwa na mchango mkubwa...' 1548215 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Susanna Passavant''' (1711–1790) alikuwa mfanyabiashara wa [[Kiingereza]]. Alikuwa muuzaji wa bidhaa za anasa (luxury goods) mwenye ushawishi wa kimataifa katika biashara ya vito na bidhaa za kifahari.<ref>Louisa Elena Brouwer: "At the Plume of Feathers": Susanna Passavant and the Jewelry Trade of Eighteenth-century London and Abroad. University of Delaware, 2011</ref> Susanna Passavant alikuwa miongoni mwa wafanyabiashara waliokuwa na mchango mkubwa katika biashara ya vito (jewelry trade) ya London ya karne ya 18 na masoko ya kimataifa. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1711|1790}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] l2kvgs3psexzpiwp31nvwjfxfr2bvky 0 237563 1548217 2026-05-22T10:52:12Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Xavier Roberts''' (alizaliwa Oktoba 31, 1955, katika Cleveland, Georgia) ni mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]] anayejulikana zaidi kwa kuanzisha Cabbage Patch Kids, aina ya wanasesere laini waliokuwa maarufu sana duniani. Roberts alipata umaarufu mkubwa baada ya kuendeleza na kusambaza wanasesere hao wa “soft sculpted dolls”, ambao waliuzwa kwa wingi na kuwa mojawapo ya vinyago vilivyopendwa zaidi katika kipindi chao cha umaarufu mkubwa.<ref>{{Cite...' 1548217 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Xavier Roberts''' (alizaliwa Oktoba 31, 1955, katika Cleveland, Georgia) ni mfanyabiashara kutoka [[Marekani]] anayejulikana zaidi kwa kuanzisha Cabbage Patch Kids, aina ya wanasesere laini waliokuwa maarufu sana duniani. Roberts alipata umaarufu mkubwa baada ya kuendeleza na kusambaza wanasesere hao wa “soft sculpted dolls”, ambao waliuzwa kwa wingi na kuwa mojawapo ya vinyago vilivyopendwa zaidi katika kipindi chao cha umaarufu mkubwa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=[http://thevibrantcrafter.com/who-invented-cabbage-patch-kids/|title=Who](http://thevibrantcrafter.com/who-invented-cabbage-patch-kids/|title=Who) Invented The Cabbage Patch Kids? {{!}} The Vibrant Crafter|date=18 Aprili 2018|work=The Vibrant Crafter|access-date=19 Aprili 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1955|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] hleorenf35tzk1dtn0werj1s4485akg 0 237564 1548219 2026-05-22T10:53:03Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548219 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Godefroid Mayobo Mpwene Ngantien''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yahoo {{!}} Mail, Weather, Search, Politics, News, Finance, Sports & Videos|url=https://www.yahoo.com/|work=www.yahoo.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> Tarehe 25 Novemba 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri anayeshughulikia Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu katika serikali ya pili ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 4kd82v6i64d4lbqoqf4u9ehbktvwr5w 1548252 1548219 2026-05-22T11:19:39Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548252 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Godefroid Mayobo Mpwene Ngantien''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Yahoo {{!}} Mail, Weather, Search, Politics, News, Finance, Sports & Videos|url=https://www.yahoo.com/|work=www.yahoo.com|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> Tarehe 25 Novemba 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri anayeshughulikia Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu katika serikali ya pili ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o2613v8x57be8zef3q3wsor9r6u9rap 0 237565 1548220 2026-05-22T10:55:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Pleasant T. Rowland''' (alizaliwa kama '''Pleasant Williams Thiele'''; Machi 8, 1941)<ref name="The Decatur Herald">{{cite news|last=|first=|url=[https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/85191321/|url-access=subscription|via=newspapers.com](https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/85191321/|url-access=subscription|via=newspapers.com) |title=Thiele Child Named Pleasant Williams |newspaper=The Decatur Herald |page=10|date=11 Machi 1941 |access-date=27 Februari 2018...' 1548220 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pleasant T. Rowland''' (alizaliwa kama '''Pleasant Williams Thiele'''; Machi 8, 1941)<ref name="The Decatur Herald">{{cite news|last=|first=|url=[https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/85191321/|url-access=subscription|via=newspapers.com](https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/85191321/|url-access=subscription|via=newspapers.com) |title=Thiele Child Named Pleasant Williams |newspaper=The Decatur Herald |page=10|date=11 Machi 1941 |access-date=27 Februari 2018}}</ref> ni mwalimu, mwandishi wa habari, mwandishi wa vitabu, mfanyabiashara, na mfadhili kutoka Marekani. Rowland anajulikana zaidi kwa kuanzisha chapa ya American Girl . Rowland pia anajulikana kwa kazi zake za kifadhili katika sanaa huko [[Madison, Wisconsin]] pamoja na juhudi zake za kuendeleza na kurekebisha majengo ya kihistoria katika Aurora, New York. == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Rowland alizaliwa katika [[Chicago]] na alikulia katika eneo la Bannockburn, kitongoji kilicho kaskazini mwa Chicago. Yeye ni mtoto wa kwanza kati ya wasichana watatu na mvulana mmoja.<ref>{{cite web|url=[http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=636279|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018075930/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=636279|archive-date=18](http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=636279|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018075930/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=636279|archive-date=18) Oktoba 2007|first=Bill|last=Glauber|title=From dollhouse to doghouse|website=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=22 Julai 2007}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1941|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] a92dokrf7l9m1szy81n850f91p2t94i 0 237566 1548222 2026-05-22T10:57:10Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Godfrey Mayobo Mpwene Ngantien''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=New cabinet sworn in in DR Congo|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/new-cabinet-sworn-in-in-dr-congo-20081102-5g0w.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=2008-11-01|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Mwaka 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri anayeshughulikia Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu katika serikali ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] o58s5s74n44npy1ubi2jsl4dvh8kyjn 1548253 1548222 2026-05-22T11:19:49Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548253 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Godfrey Mayobo Mpwene Ngantien''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=New cabinet sworn in in DR Congo|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/new-cabinet-sworn-in-in-dr-congo-20081102-5g0w.html|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=2008-11-01|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Mwaka 2007 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri anayeshughulikia Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu katika serikali ya Antoine Gizenga. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Unified Lumumbist Party (ULP). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] kqt3nfxrlsxa1nl0qznel4xvzd9hnip 0 237567 1548223 2026-05-22T10:59:43Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Patrick Rylands''' (12 Septemba 1942 – 11 Desemba 2025) alikuwa mbunifu wa vinyago kutoka [[Uingereza]], kutoka Hull. == Maisha na kazi == Rylands alizaliwa katika [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], Yorkshire Mashariki, tarehe 12 Septemba 1942.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Carter |first=Kate |date=2 Januari 2026 |title=Patrick Rylands obituary |url=[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2026/jan/02/patrick-rylands-obituary](https://www.theguardian.com/lifeands...' 1548223 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Patrick Rylands''' (12 Septemba 1942 – 11 Desemba 2025) alikuwa mbunifu wa vinyago kutoka [[Uingereza]], kutoka Hull. == Maisha na kazi == Rylands alizaliwa katika [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], Yorkshire Mashariki, tarehe 12 Septemba 1942.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Carter |first=Kate |date=2 Januari 2026 |title=Patrick Rylands obituary |url=[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2026/jan/02/patrick-rylands-obituary](https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2026/jan/02/patrick-rylands-obituary) |access-date=5 Januari 2026 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Baada ya kuhitimu masomo ya keramik (ceramics) katika Royal College of Art mjini London mwaka 1966, Rylands alianza kufanya kazi kama mbunifu huru (freelancer) akishirikiana na kampuni kadhaa za vinyago kama Creative Playthings, [[Naef, na Ambi Toys. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1942|2025}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 6j8l1ue5m9ny253zmguhe9ciskdskrn 0 237568 1548224 2026-05-22T10:59:59Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548224 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guillaume Manjolo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=DR Congo gets new cabinet after seven months - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/dr-congo-gets-new-cabinet-after-seven-months/|work=www.myjoyonline.com|date=2019-08-26|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Rasilimali za Maji na Umeme katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] cu96cv43c5htjun79mlbkt3y8otlni2 1548256 1548224 2026-05-22T11:22:27Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548256 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guillaume Manjolo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=DR Congo gets new cabinet after seven months - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/dr-congo-gets-new-cabinet-after-seven-months/|work=www.myjoyonline.com|date=2019-08-26|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Rasilimali za Maji na Umeme katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] plo3h0tm48e4uznaehho1x9bk83psje 0 237569 1548233 2026-05-22T11:06:41Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Remo J. Saraceni''' (15 Januari 1935 – 3 Juni 2024) alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vinyago kutoka [[Italia]] na [[Marekani]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa uvumbuzi wake wa Walking Piano, kifaa cha muziki cha sakafuni kinachotoa sauti kinapokanyagwa, ambacho kilitumika katika filamu ya mwaka 1988 ''Big '' iliyoigizwa na [[Tom Hanks]]. == Maisha na kazi == Saraceni alizaliwa katika Fossacesia, akiwa mtoto wa Giuseppe Saraceni, seremala wa viatu, na Filomena Carulli, mam...' 1548233 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Remo J. Saraceni''' (15 Januari 1935 – 3 Juni 2024) alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vinyago kutoka [[Italia]] na [[Marekani]]. Alijulikana zaidi kwa uvumbuzi wake wa Walking Piano, kifaa cha muziki cha sakafuni kinachotoa sauti kinapokanyagwa, ambacho kilitumika katika filamu ya mwaka 1988 ''Big '' iliyoigizwa na [[Tom Hanks]]. == Maisha na kazi == Saraceni alizaliwa katika Fossacesia, akiwa mtoto wa Giuseppe Saraceni, seremala wa viatu, na Filomena Carulli, mama wa nyumbani. Alisoma katika Taasisi ya Ufundi ya Milan, ambapo alihitimu shahada ya uzamili (master's degree) katika electronics mwaka 1958.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://www.chestnuthilllocal.com/stories/local-rocket-scientist-became-piano-man-for-tom-hanks,11432|title=Local](https://www.chestnuthilllocal.com/stories/local-rocket-scientist-became-piano-man-for-tom-hanks,11432|title=Local) rocket scientist became 'Piano Man' for Tom Hanks|work=Chestnut Hill Local|first=Len|last=Lear|date=22 Juni 2018|access-date=19 Juni 2025}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1935|2024}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Italia]] [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] lky5czsw1r82yozz6uy6pst49ex1q8n 0 237570 1548237 2026-05-22T11:09:42Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548237 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Mukulu Pombo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Vijijini katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rllxcd9dgwxvvc0jg0dypvzo3kcyv1l 1548259 1548237 2026-05-22T11:23:04Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548259 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Guy Mukulu Pombo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Democratic Republic of Congo announces 65-strong cabinet under Tshisekedi’s administration - Political Analysis South Africa|url=https://www.politicalanalysis.co.za/democratic-republic-of-congo-announces-65-strong-cabinet-under-tshisekedis-administration/|work=www.politicalanalysis.co.za|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-ZA|author=Marina}}</ref> Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Maendeleo ya Vijijini katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 5q7c610quy7lt6yl6spbujmb1piz56p 0 237571 1548238 2026-05-22T11:10:08Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Norman Anders Sas''' (Machi 29, 1925 – Juni 28, 2012) alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vinyago kutoka [[Marekani]], mhandisi wa mitambo na mtengenezaji. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuvumbua electric football, mchezo wa mezani (tabletop game) uliokuwa maarufu sana kuanzia mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1940 hadi kuibuka kwa michezo ya video ya soka ya Marekani katika miaka ya 1980.<ref name=wsj>{{cite news|title=Norman Sas, electric football inventor, dies at 87|url=[https://onli...' 1548238 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Norman Anders Sas''' (Machi 29, 1925 – Juni 28, 2012) alikuwa mvumbuzi wa vinyago kutoka [[Marekani]], mhandisi wa mitambo na mtengenezaji. Anajulikana zaidi kwa kuvumbua electric football, mchezo wa mezani (tabletop game) uliokuwa maarufu sana kuanzia mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1940 hadi kuibuka kwa michezo ya video ya soka ya Marekani katika miaka ya 1980.<ref name=wsj>{{cite news|title=Norman Sas, electric football inventor, dies at 87|url=[https://online.wsj.com/article/APd707c11c1a534af3be0c00090ad2dd7f.html|agency=[[Associated](https://online.wsj.com/article/APd707c11c1a534af3be0c00090ad2dd7f.html|agency=[[Associated) Press]]|publisher=[[Wall Street Journal]]|date=13 Juni 2012|access-date=24 Julai 2012}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1925|2012}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] ribvwbwkm6i4kzfq9eguodo294q8hau 0 237572 1548239 2026-05-22T11:12:18Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ernő Rubik''' ( alizaliwa 13 Julai 1944) ni mbunifu wa majengo na mvumbuzi kutoka [[Hungaria]], anayejulikana sana kwa kuvumbua Rubik's Cube (1974), Rubik's Magic na Rubik's Snake.<ref name="sporting">{{Cite book |author=William Fotheringham |title=Fotheringham's Sporting Pastimes |publisher=Anova Books |year=2007 |page=[[https://archive.org/details/fotheringhamsext0000foth/page/50](https://archive.org/details/fotheringhamsext0000foth/page/50) 50] |isb...' 1548239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ernő Rubik''' ( alizaliwa 13 Julai 1944) ni mbunifu wa majengo na mvumbuzi kutoka [[Hungaria]], anayejulikana sana kwa kuvumbua Rubik's Cube (1974), Rubik's Magic na Rubik's Snake.<ref name="sporting">{{Cite book |author=William Fotheringham |title=Fotheringham's Sporting Pastimes |publisher=Anova Books |year=2007 |page=[[https://archive.org/details/fotheringhamsext0000foth/page/50](https://archive.org/details/fotheringhamsext0000foth/page/50) 50] |isbn=978-1-86105-953-6 |url=[https://archive.org/details/fotheringhamsext0000foth/page/50](https://archive.org/details/fotheringhamsext0000foth/page/50) }}</ref> Ernő Rubik ni miongoni mwa wavumbuzi mashuhuri wa michezo ya mafumbo duniani, hasa kupitia uvumbuzi wake wa Rubik's Cube, pamoja na Rubik's Magic na Rubik's Snake. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{Mbegu-mtu}} {{BD|1944|}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Hungaria]] igozatbh46v1t3wu7k1nyntrr7ma2md 0 237573 1548240 2026-05-22T11:12:30Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548240 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herastone Sambale''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Vijana na Uanzishaji wa Uraia Mpya katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Sportifs Suisse - Les Meilleurs Bookmakers en 2026|url=https://www.digitalcongo.net/|work=www.digitalcongo.net|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] irnujx797bjq948h01xxkvrs2oer0rj 1548268 1548240 2026-05-22T11:28:58Z Gayle-Bot 78697 #2.0 Boti Replaced Cite web->Rejea tovuti, Cite journal->Rejea jarida, Cite book->Rejea kitabu, Cite news->Rejea habari; 1 template(s) replaced. 1548268 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Herastone Sambale''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Vijana na Uanzishaji wa Uraia Mpya katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Rejea tovuti|title=Paris Sportifs Suisse - Les Meilleurs Bookmakers en 2026|url=https://www.digitalcongo.net/|work=www.digitalcongo.net|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] 1qxvcvedwckw6k69hr3v4ch4ohsre5q 0 237574 1548243 2026-05-22T11:13:51Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Margarete Steiff''' (24 Julai 1847 – 9 Mei 1909) alikuwa mshonaji (seamstress) kutoka [[Ujerumani]]. Mwaka 1880 alianzisha kampuni ya Margarete Steiff GmbH, inayojulikana zaidi kama Steiff, kampuni maarufu kwa utengenezaji wa [[toy|vinyago]] vya wanyama vilivyojazwa pamba (stuffed animals).<ref name="NYT3">{{Cite news |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/14/travel/shopper-s-world-steiff-s-lair-for-bears.html](https:/...' 1548243 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Margarete Steiff''' (24 Julai 1847 – 9 Mei 1909) alikuwa mshonaji (seamstress) kutoka [[Ujerumani]]. Mwaka 1880 alianzisha kampuni ya Margarete Steiff GmbH, inayojulikana zaidi kama Steiff, kampuni maarufu kwa utengenezaji wa [[toy|vinyago]] vya wanyama vilivyojazwa pamba (stuffed animals).<ref name="NYT3">{{Cite news |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/14/travel/shopper-s-world-steiff-s-lair-for-bears.html](https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/14/travel/shopper-s-world-steiff-s-lair-for-bears.html) |date=14 Julai 1985 |last=Markham |first=Stephanie Reed |title=Shopper's World; Steiff's Lair For Bears |at=sec. 10 p. 12 |access-date=22 Julai 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1847|1909}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ujerumani]] bzju8x1fdarg84ti4z4axa0epojt0lo 0 237575 1548247 2026-05-22T11:15:53Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548247 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Néné Nkulu Ilunga''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Tangu Septemba 2019 amekuwa Waziri wa Nchi anayeshughulikia Ajira, Kazi na Ustawi wa Jamii katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DR Congo gets new cabinet after seven months - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/dr-congo-gets-new-cabinet-after-seven-months/|work=www.myjoyonline.com|date=2019-08-26|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en-US}}</ref> Pia ni Naibu Katibu Mkuu wa chama cha Alliance of Democratic Forces of the Congo (AFDC), kinachoongozwa na Modeste Bahati Lukwebo. Yeye ni mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] fhfhr3ne8vllgwdk58jkiji6a28ih2a 0 237576 1548248 2026-05-22T11:16:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Richard Steiff''' (7 Februari 1877 – 30 Machi 1939) alikuwa mbunifu kutoka Ujerumani anayejulikana kwa kutengeneza mojawapo ya wanasesere wa mwanzo kabisa wa aina ya teddy bear. Mwaka 1897 alijiunga na kampuni ya Steiff, kampuni ya kutengeneza vinyago vya kujazwa pamba iliyoanzishwa katika mji wake wa Giengen na shangazi yake [[Margarete Steiff]], na akawa sehemu muhimu katika ukuaji wake hadi kuwa kampuni ya kimataifa ya vinyago.<ref name="MLive-blog...' 1548248 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Steiff''' (7 Februari 1877 – 30 Machi 1939) alikuwa mbunifu kutoka Ujerumani anayejulikana kwa kutengeneza mojawapo ya wanasesere wa mwanzo kabisa wa aina ya teddy bear. Mwaka 1897 alijiunga na kampuni ya Steiff, kampuni ya kutengeneza vinyago vya kujazwa pamba iliyoanzishwa katika mji wake wa Giengen na shangazi yake [[Margarete Steiff]], na akawa sehemu muhimu katika ukuaji wake hadi kuwa kampuni ya kimataifa ya vinyago.<ref name="MLive-blog">{{Cite news |url=[https://blog.mlive.com/citpat/2008/07/museum_stuffed_with_history.html](https://blog.mlive.com/citpat/2008/07/museum_stuffed_with_history.html) |title=Museum stuffed with history |access-date=22 Julai 2023 |date=20 Julai 2008 |last=Flory |first=Brad |work=[[MLive Media Group|MLive.com]] |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20230722210708/https://www.mlive.com/citpat/2008/07/museum_stuffed_with_history.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20230722210708/https://www.mlive.com/citpat/2008/07/museum_stuffed_with_history.html) |archive-date=22 Julai 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT2">{{Cite news |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=[https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/14/travel/shopper-s-world-steiff-s-lair-for-bears.html](https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/14/travel/shopper-s-world-steiff-s-lair-for-bears.html) |date=14 Julai 1985 |last=Markham |first=Stephanie Reed |title=Shopper's World; Steiff's Lair For Bears |at=sec. 10 p. 12 |access-date=22 Julai 2023}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1877|1939}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ujerumani]] t4qk7t8bs4idfxy9dd6hipxouyfxnoh 0 237577 1548250 2026-05-22T11:18:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Roger Sweet''' (Aprili 4, 1935 – Aprili 28, 2026) alikuwa mbunifu wa vinyago kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa kazi yake kama mbunifu mkuu katika Idara ya Ubunifu wa Awali ya kampuni ya Mattel. Idara hiyo ilihusika na uundaji wa He-Man na mfululizo wa vinyago wa ''Masters of the Universe'' mwaka 1982. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Roger Sweet alizaliwa katika jimbo la Ohio, Marekani, mwaka 1935.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Roger Sweet |url=[https://sa...' 1548250 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Roger Sweet''' (Aprili 4, 1935 – Aprili 28, 2026) alikuwa mbunifu wa vinyago kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa kazi yake kama mbunifu mkuu katika Idara ya Ubunifu wa Awali ya kampuni ya Mattel. Idara hiyo ilihusika na uundaji wa He-Man na mfululizo wa vinyago wa ''Masters of the Universe'' mwaka 1982. == Maisha ya awali na kazi == Roger Sweet alizaliwa katika jimbo la Ohio, Marekani, mwaka 1935.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Roger Sweet |url=[https://sam.nmartmuseum.org/people/833/roger-sweet](https://sam.nmartmuseum.org/people/833/roger-sweet) |access-date=28 Januari 2026 |publisher=[[New Mexico Museum of Art]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Baadaye alijiunga na kampuni ya Mattel ambapo alifanya kazi katika idara ya ubunifu wa awali (Preliminary Design Department). Katika kipindi chake huko, alihusika moja kwa moja katika uundaji wa dhana na muundo wa awali wa mhusika He-Man, ambao baadaye ulipelekea kuanzishwa kwa safu maarufu ya vinyago ya ''Masters of the Universe'' mwaka 1982. == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1935|2026}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] rerhuawh9iz11o5j2ydldf0ddh7hk32 0 237578 1548266 2026-05-22T11:27:35Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Panagiotis Verdes''' ni mvumbuzi kutoka [[Ugiriki]] anayejulikana kwa kuwa wa kwanza kuzalisha kwa wingi mafumbo ya aina ya twisty puzzles ya ukubwa mkubwa kama vile 6x6x6 na 7x7x7. Pia anajulikana kama mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya V-Cube. Verdes amefanya kazi katika kubuni na kuendeleza miundo mipya ya mafumbo yote ya aina ya Rubik’s Cube kuanzia 2x2x2 hadi 11x11x11.<ref name="book">{{Cite book |last=Slocum |first=Jerry |url=[https://archive.org/detail...' 1548266 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Panagiotis Verdes''' ni mvumbuzi kutoka [[Ugiriki]] anayejulikana kwa kuwa wa kwanza kuzalisha kwa wingi mafumbo ya aina ya twisty puzzles ya ukubwa mkubwa kama vile 6x6x6 na 7x7x7. Pia anajulikana kama mwanzilishi wa kampuni ya V-Cube. Verdes amefanya kazi katika kubuni na kuendeleza miundo mipya ya mafumbo yote ya aina ya Rubik’s Cube kuanzia 2x2x2 hadi 11x11x11.<ref name="book">{{Cite book |last=Slocum |first=Jerry |url=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781579128050](https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781579128050) |title=The Cube: The Ultimate Guide to the World's Bestselling Puzzle |publisher=Black Dog & Leventhal |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-57912-805-0 |via=Archive.org |location=United States |url-access=registration}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Ugiriki]] epniephenl249oq817mckw3500tr783 0 237579 1548269 2026-05-22T11:30:53Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Stanley Weston''' (alizaliwa kama '''Stanley Alan Weinstein'''; Aprili 1, 1933 – Mei 1, 2017) alikuwa mvumbuzi na wakala wa leseni (licensing agent) kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa kuunda wazo la kwanza la G.I. Joe mwaka 1963, pamoja na dhana ya jumla ya action figure. Weston alibuni kile alichokiita “outfitted action figures” na baadaye aliuza haki za uvumbuzi wake kwa kampuni ya Hasbro kwa takribani dola 100,000 pekee.<ref name="latimes"...' 1548269 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stanley Weston''' (alizaliwa kama '''Stanley Alan Weinstein'''; Aprili 1, 1933 – Mei 1, 2017) alikuwa mvumbuzi na wakala wa leseni (licensing agent) kutoka [[Marekani]], anayejulikana kwa kuunda wazo la kwanza la G.I. Joe mwaka 1963, pamoja na dhana ya jumla ya action figure. Weston alibuni kile alichokiita “outfitted action figures” na baadaye aliuza haki za uvumbuzi wake kwa kampuni ya Hasbro kwa takribani dola 100,000 pekee.<ref name="latimes">{{cite news|url=[http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-stanley-weston-20170508-story.html|title=Stanley](http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-stanley-weston-20170508-story.html|title=Stanley) Weston, who conceived of G.I. Joe but reaped few financial rewards, dies at 84|last=Marble|first=Steve|date=8 Mei 2017|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=28 Mei 2017}}</ref><ref name="polygon">{{cite news|url=[https://www.polygon.com/2017/5/10/15609784/stanley-weston-gi-joe-obituary|title=Stanley](https://www.polygon.com/2017/5/10/15609784/stanley-weston-gi-joe-obituary|title=Stanley) Weston, creator of action figures, dies at 84|last=Good|first=Owen S.|date=10 Mei 2017|work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|accessdate=28 Mei 2017}}</ref><ref name=wrap>{{cite news|url=[http://www.thewrap.com/stanley-weston-inventor-g-i-joe-dies/|title=Stanley](http://www.thewrap.com/stanley-weston-inventor-g-i-joe-dies/|title=Stanley) Weston, Creator of 'GI Joe,' and 'Thundercats,' Dies at 84|last=Fuster|first=Jeremy|date=8 Mei 2017|work=[[The Wrap]]|accessdate=28 Mei 2017}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1933|2017}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] kq22cv3m4fi7s3ctpeh5onpiljaxsoo 0 237580 1548271 2026-05-22T11:33:39Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Mary Vermuyden Wheelhouse''' (12 Desemba 1867 – {{circa|1947}}){{efn|Tarehe za maisha hutofautiana katika vyanzo.}} alikuwa mchoraji, mchoraji wa vielelezo (illustrator), mtengenezaji wa vinyago, na mwanaharakati wa kupigania haki za wanawake (suffragist) kutoka Uingereza. Alikuwa mwanachama wa mashirika kama Women's International Art Club (WIAC) na Artists' Suffrage League (ASL). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Wheelhouse alizaliwa tarehe 12 Desemba...' 1548271 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Vermuyden Wheelhouse''' (12 Desemba 1867 – {{circa|1947}}){{efn|Tarehe za maisha hutofautiana katika vyanzo.}} alikuwa mchoraji, mchoraji wa vielelezo (illustrator), mtengenezaji wa vinyago, na mwanaharakati wa kupigania haki za wanawake (suffragist) kutoka Uingereza. Alikuwa mwanachama wa mashirika kama Women's International Art Club (WIAC) na Artists' Suffrage League (ASL). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Wheelhouse alizaliwa tarehe 12 Desemba 1867 katika [[Leeds]], West Yorkshire.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-04 |title=Suffragette artist and master toymaker gets first solo show, 77 years after her death |url=[https://www.heathrobinsonmuseum.org/suffragette-artist-and-master-toymaker-gets-first-solo-show-77-years-after-her-death/](https://www.heathrobinsonmuseum.org/suffragette-artist-and-master-toymaker-gets-first-solo-show-77-years-after-her-death/) |access-date=13 Aprili 2025 |website=Heath Robinson Museum |language=en-GB}}</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa mwisho kati ya wasichana watatu, na dada yake mkubwa Ethel Hamerton Wheelhouse (aliyezaliwa 1865) alikuja kuwa mpiga fidla mtaalamu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Mary Vermuyden Wheelhouse (1867-1947) |url=[https://www.chrisbeetles.com/artist/576/mary-vermuyden-wheelhouse](https://www.chrisbeetles.com/artist/576/mary-vermuyden-wheelhouse) |access-date=13 Aprili 2025 |website=Chris Beetles Gallery |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1867|1947}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] kr71ucfhtjg2kj7o0e0xgzsiuhael3k 1548273 1548271 2026-05-22T11:34:48Z Valuegirl 87699 1548273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Mary Vermuyden Wheelhouse''' (12 Desemba 1867 – Tarehe za maisha hutofautiana katika vyanzo.}} alikuwa mchoraji, mchoraji wa vielelezo (illustrator), mtengenezaji wa vinyago, na mwanaharakati wa kupigania haki za wanawake (suffragist) kutoka Uingereza. Alikuwa mwanachama wa mashirika kama Women's International Art Club (WIAC) na Artists' Suffrage League (ASL). == Maisha ya awali na elimu == Wheelhouse alizaliwa tarehe 12 Desemba 1867 katika [[Leeds]], West Yorkshire.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-04 |title=Suffragette artist and master toymaker gets first solo show, 77 years after her death |url=[https://www.heathrobinsonmuseum.org/suffragette-artist-and-master-toymaker-gets-first-solo-show-77-years-after-her-death/](https://www.heathrobinsonmuseum.org/suffragette-artist-and-master-toymaker-gets-first-solo-show-77-years-after-her-death/) |access-date=13 Aprili 2025 |website=Heath Robinson Museum |language=en-GB}}</ref> Alikuwa mtoto wa mwisho kati ya wasichana watatu, na dada yake mkubwa Ethel Hamerton Wheelhouse (aliyezaliwa 1865) alikuja kuwa mpiga fidla mtaalamu.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Mary Vermuyden Wheelhouse (1867-1947) |url=[https://www.chrisbeetles.com/artist/576/mary-vermuyden-wheelhouse](https://www.chrisbeetles.com/artist/576/mary-vermuyden-wheelhouse) |access-date=13 Aprili 2025 |website=Chris Beetles Gallery |language=en}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1867|1947}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] 8v6ljo2quufutawmt794ts7cog4en91 0 237581 1548275 2026-05-22T11:38:20Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Nathan A. Zepell''' (6 Januari 1915 – 28 Februari 1982) alizaliwa katika Riga, Latvia. Alinusurika kipindi cha uvamizi wa Urusi katika nchi yake ya Latvia baada ya Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia, pamoja na kipindi cha mdororo mkubwa wa uchumi (Great Depression). Pia alinusurika mauaji ya Wayahudi ya Nazi (Holocaust) na alihusika katika mchakato wa kuanzishwa kwa taifa la Kiyahudi nchini Israel kabla ya kuhamia Marekani.<ref name="13_obit">{{cite news | l...' 1548275 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nathan A. Zepell''' (6 Januari 1915 – 28 Februari 1982) alizaliwa katika Riga, Latvia. Alinusurika kipindi cha uvamizi wa Urusi katika nchi yake ya Latvia baada ya Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia, pamoja na kipindi cha mdororo mkubwa wa uchumi (Great Depression). Pia alinusurika mauaji ya Wayahudi ya Nazi (Holocaust) na alihusika katika mchakato wa kuanzishwa kwa taifa la Kiyahudi nchini Israel kabla ya kuhamia Marekani.<ref name="13_obit">{{cite news | last = | first = | title = Nathan Zepell Obituary | newspaper = Santa Barbara News-Press | location = Santa Barbara, CA | date = 1 Machi 1982 }}</ref> Baadaye, Zepell alipata hataza (patents) 40 za uvumbuzi mbalimbali, na kalamu zake zaidi ya milioni 200 ziliuzwa duniani kote.<ref name="13_obit" /><ref name="6_Forbes">{{cite news | last = | first = | title = Nathan Zepell | newspaper = Forbes Magazine | location = Jersey City, NJ | date = 1 Agosti 1974 }}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1915|1982}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] i9l32j0or1o34lfe0lnnk6yv5s9lidg 0 237582 1548276 2026-05-22T11:40:37Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Ruth E. Adomeit''' (30 Januari 1910 – 16 Februari 1996<ref>[[http://errol.oclc.org/laf/n80-50272.html](http://errol.oclc.org/laf/n80-50272.html) Library of Congress name authority file]</ref>) alikuwa mwandishi, mhariri, mkusanyaji wa vitabu vidogo sana (miniature books), na mfadhili kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref name="Gruber2010">{{cite book|author=Janet Rauscher|editor=Christiane J. Gruber|title=The Islamic Manuscript Tradition: Ten Centuries of Book Art...' 1548276 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ruth E. Adomeit''' (30 Januari 1910 – 16 Februari 1996<ref>[[http://errol.oclc.org/laf/n80-50272.html](http://errol.oclc.org/laf/n80-50272.html) Library of Congress name authority file]</ref>) alikuwa mwandishi, mhariri, mkusanyaji wa vitabu vidogo sana (miniature books), na mfadhili kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref name="Gruber2010">{{cite book|author=Janet Rauscher|editor=Christiane J. Gruber|title=The Islamic Manuscript Tradition: Ten Centuries of Book Arts in Indiana University Collections|chapter-url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=lIY0oAd6Y40C&pg=PA53|accessdate=21](https://books.google.com/books?id=lIY0oAd6Y40C&pg=PA53|accessdate=21) Oktoba 2012|year=2010|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-35377-1|pages=53–78|chapter=Ruth E. Adomeit: An Ambassador for Miniature Books}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1910|1996}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 9sigivrk0u9jcsls48a1fbygafgywej 0 237583 1548277 2026-05-22T11:40:40Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548277 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Willy Itobo''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Aliwahi kuhudumu kama Waziri wa Madini katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Paris Sportifs Suisse - Les Meilleurs Bookmakers en 2026|url=https://www.digitalcongo.net/|work=www.digitalcongo.net|accessdate=2026-05-22}}</ref> Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS). == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] rknoo4um603f2mk2e00lmfhuoee74hn 0 237584 1548278 2026-05-22T11:43:02Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Dorothy Banks''' (''née'' Alford, 1865 – 1937) alikuwa mwanasayansi wa asili (naturalist) kutoka [[Uingereza]] na mkusanyaji wa magamba ya baharini (shell-collector), na alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa Hergest Croft Garden, Kington. Alizaliwa mwaka 1865 akiwa mtoto wa mchungaji Bradley Hurt Alford na mke wake Caroline (''née'' Lyall), na alilelewa mjini London. Dada yake mkubwa alikuwa msomi wa masomo ya kale Margaret Alford.<ref>{{Cite web |ti...' 1548278 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dorothy Banks''' (''née'' Alford, 1865 – 1937) alikuwa mwanasayansi wa asili (naturalist) kutoka [[Uingereza]] na mkusanyaji wa magamba ya baharini (shell-collector), na alikuwa miongoni mwa waanzilishi wa Hergest Croft Garden, Kington. Alizaliwa mwaka 1865 akiwa mtoto wa mchungaji Bradley Hurt Alford na mke wake Caroline (''née'' Lyall), na alilelewa mjini London. Dada yake mkubwa alikuwa msomi wa masomo ya kale Margaret Alford.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Personal Papers of Dorothy Banks nee Alford and Margaret Alford - Archives Hub |url=[http://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb271-gcppbanks](http://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb271-gcppbanks) |access-date=27 Machi 2024 |website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1865|1937}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] ivrig9badv7gdha4fn604kfm2i3ncg8 0 237585 1548280 2026-05-22T11:44:50Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548280 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jacques Lumbala''' alikuwa [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Kongo]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Politics in the Congo : decolonization and independence {{!}} WorldCat.org|url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/307971|work=search.worldcat.org|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=en}}</ref> Aliteuliwa kuwa Katibu wa Kwanza wa Nchi katika Ofisi ya Rais wa Zaire (sasa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo) katika serikali ya Patrice Lumumba, iliyodumu kuanzia 24 Juni hadi 12 Septemba 1960. Pia alikuwa mwanachama wa chama cha PNP. == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] 3gxddw82jymon3q5tcqhrwbb2gftgfa 0 237586 1548281 2026-05-22T11:45:38Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Joanna Banks''' ni mkusanyaji wa vitabu kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>[[Cheryl A. Wall]], [[https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=library_programs](https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=library_programs) On Collectors and Collecting: The Joanna Banks Collection], Hotuba kuu iliyotolewa 20 Februari 2020, ilifikia 12 Agosti 2020.</ref> Mwaka 2018, Banks alitoa mchango wa mkusanyiko wake wa fasihi...' 1548281 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Joanna Banks''' ni mkusanyaji wa vitabu kutoka [[Marekani]].<ref>[[Cheryl A. Wall]], [[https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=library_programs](https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=library_programs) On Collectors and Collecting: The Joanna Banks Collection], Hotuba kuu iliyotolewa 20 Februari 2020, ilifikia 12 Agosti 2020.</ref> Mwaka 2018, Banks alitoa mchango wa mkusanyiko wake wa fasihi ya Wamarekani Weusi kwa Penn Libraries. Mkusanyiko huo una zaidi ya vitabu 10,000 vilivyoandikwa na waandishi wa Wamarekani Weusi, hasa vilivyochapishwa kuanzia miaka ya 1970 na kuendelea. Mkazo wake mkubwa upo katika uandishi wa wanawake, vitabu vya watoto, vitabu vya mapishi (cookery books), na majarida ya Wamarekani Weusi (African American periodicals).<ref name=Penn>[[https://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/special-notable/single/joanna-banks-collection-african-american-books](https://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/special-notable/single/joanna-banks-collection-african-american-books) Joanna Banks Collection of African American Books], Penn Libraries. Ilifikia 12 Agosti 2020.</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] 7w57q66b074hscz0rp46oyucsz47ktl 0 237587 1548285 2026-05-22T11:48:24Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548285 wikitext text/x-wiki '''José Mpanda Kabangu''' ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Mwaka 2019 aliteuliwa kuwa Waziri wa Utafiti wa Kisayansi na Ubunifu wa Teknolojia katika serikali ya Sylvestre Ilunga Ilunkamba iliyodumu kuanzia Septemba 2019 hadi Aprili 2021. Pia ni mbunge na mwanachama wa chama cha Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS).<ref>{{Citation|last=Franco-Rwandaise|first=La Tribune|title=Un gouvernement de 66 ministres pour diriger la RDC - La Tribune franco-rwandaise|url=https://www.france-rwanda.info/2019/08/un-gouvernement-de-66-ministres-pour-diriger-la-rdc.html|work=La Tribune franco-rwandaise|language=fr-FR|access-date=2026-05-22}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] s1k0j1w3k3eau031yrs1xk5lbk2o786 0 237588 1548286 2026-05-22T11:48:39Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Sarah Sophia Banks''' (28 Oktoba 1744 – 27 Septemba 1818)<ref name=DNB>{{cite ODNB |last=Gascoigne |first=John |year=2004 |title=Banks, Sarah Sophia |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/1301 |url=[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1301}}](http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1301}})</ref> alikuwa mkusanyaji wa vitu vya kale (antiquarian collector) kutoka [[Uingereza]] na dada pamoja na mshirika wa mtaalamu wa mimea Joseph Banks. Alikusanya sarafu na medali, pam...' 1548286 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sarah Sophia Banks''' (28 Oktoba 1744 – 27 Septemba 1818)<ref name=DNB>{{cite ODNB |last=Gascoigne |first=John |year=2004 |title=Banks, Sarah Sophia |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/1301 |url=[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1301}}](http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/1301}})</ref> alikuwa mkusanyaji wa vitu vya kale (antiquarian collector) kutoka [[Uingereza]] na dada pamoja na mshirika wa mtaalamu wa mimea Joseph Banks. Alikusanya sarafu na medali, pamoja na vitu vya kihistoria vinavyojulikana kama ephemera] ambavyo ni muhimu kihistoria, kama vile mabango ya kuchapishwa (broadsheets), vipande vya magazeti, kadi za kutembelea (visiting cards), michoro iliyochapishwa (prints), matangazo, na vibango vya maonyesho (playbills).<ref name=BT>{{citation |last=Pincott |first=Anthony |title=The Book Tickets of Sarah Sophia Banks |journal=The Bookplate Journal |volume=2 |number=1 |date=Machi 2004 |pages=3–30}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1744|1818}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] kbmdzmlu4hpy3qshumckl0t4p07m9vy 0 237589 1548287 2026-05-22T11:51:21Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Marianne Brocklehurst''' (1832–1898) alikuwa msafiri kutoka [[Uingereza]] na mkusanyaji wa vitu vya kale vya Misri. Alisaidia ufadhili wa uchimbaji kadhaa wa kiakiolojia nchini Misri na alitoa sehemu kubwa ya mkusanyiko wake wa vitu vya kale kwa West Park Museum iliyopo Macclesfield. == Maisha ya binafsi == Brocklehurst alikuwa mmoja kati ya watoto wanane wa John Brocklehurst , mfanyabiashara tajiri wa hariri (silk manufacturer) kutoka Macclesfield,...' 1548287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marianne Brocklehurst''' (1832–1898) alikuwa msafiri kutoka [[Uingereza]] na mkusanyaji wa vitu vya kale vya Misri. Alisaidia ufadhili wa uchimbaji kadhaa wa kiakiolojia nchini Misri na alitoa sehemu kubwa ya mkusanyiko wake wa vitu vya kale kwa West Park Museum iliyopo Macclesfield. == Maisha ya binafsi == Brocklehurst alikuwa mmoja kati ya watoto wanane wa John Brocklehurst , mfanyabiashara tajiri wa hariri (silk manufacturer) kutoka Macclesfield, na mke wake Mary.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Marianne Brocklehurst : benefactor, explorer, artist : her life and times 1832-1898.|last=Whistow|first=Thelma|date=2004|publisher=Macclesfield Museums Trust|isbn=978-1870926447|location=Macclesfield|oclc=56774718}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Bray |first=Jean |title=The Lady of Sudeley |publisher=Long Barn Books |year=2000 |pages=9}}</ref> Familia yao ilianza katika biashara ya kutengeneza vifungo, lakini katika karne ya 19 ilihamia katika biashara ya hariri. Marianne alizaliwa mwaka 1832 na alisafiri sana pamoja na dada yake Emma kuanzia akiwa na umri wa takriban miaka 20. Alikuwa na shauku ya mapema katika akiolojia na upigaji picha.<ref name=":1" /> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1832|1898}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uingereza]] hiqcqsh0eudseohha1qwh0uigrnd5rv 0 237590 1548289 2026-05-22T11:53:36Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Frances Lasker Brody''' (1916–2009) alikuwa mtetezi wa sanaa, mkusanyaji wa kazi za sanaa, na mfadhili kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa maendeleo ya maisha ya kitamaduni ya Los Angeles. Alikuwa mmoja wa wafadhili waanzilishi wa Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), na baadaye alihusika kama msaidizi muhimu na mlezi wa Huntington Library, Art Collections and Gardens.<ref name="LaTimesObit">{{Citation | last = Woo | first = El...' 1548289 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Frances Lasker Brody''' (1916–2009) alikuwa mtetezi wa sanaa, mkusanyaji wa kazi za sanaa, na mfadhili kutoka [[Marekani]] ambaye alichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa maendeleo ya maisha ya kitamaduni ya Los Angeles. Alikuwa mmoja wa wafadhili waanzilishi wa Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), na baadaye alihusika kama msaidizi muhimu na mlezi wa Huntington Library, Art Collections and Gardens.<ref name="LaTimesObit">{{Citation | last = Woo | first = Elaine | title = Frances Lasker Brody, 1916 - 2009 | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | date = 18 Novemba 2009 | url = [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-nov-18-me-frances-brody18-story.html](https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-nov-18-me-frances-brody18-story.html) | access-date = 10 Juni 2010}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1916|2009}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]] ql778w2z7z6nccgycevydczv940xdk7 0 237591 1548290 2026-05-22T11:54:32Z Don Malya 61486 kuanzisha makala 1548290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Zoé Kabila Mwanza Mbala''' (amezaliwa 26 Juni 1978) ni [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya [[Kongo]]. Yeye ni mbunge wa Bunge la Taifa la DRC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Élections du gouverneur au Tanganyika : Julie Ngungwa de l’UDPS élue|url=https://actualite.cd/2022/05/06/elections-du-gouverneur-au-tanganyika-julie-ngungwa-de-ludps-elue|work=Actualite.cd|date=2022-05-06|accessdate=2026-05-22|language=fr}}</ref> == Marejeo == <references /> {{Mbegu-mwanasiasa}} [[Jamii:Wanasiasa wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] [[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1979]] [[Jamii:Watu walio hai]] j51n989m16pr6j17os2ey1x9ah11e6e 0 237592 1548293 2026-05-22T11:56:23Z Valuegirl 87699 Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Janet May Buchanan''' (1866 – 8 Agosti 1912) alikuwa mtaalamu wa Misri ya kale (Egyptologist) kutoka [[Uskoti|Scotland]]. Juhudi zake za kukusanya vitu vya kale vya Misri zilichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa makusanyo ya Makumbusho ya Glasgow, ambapo takribani robo moja ya vitu vya kale vya Misri vilivyomo katika makusanyo hayo vinatokana na mchango wake.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Janet May Buchanan Scotland's forgotten heroine of Egyptology {{!}} Artef...' 1548293 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Janet May Buchanan''' (1866 – 8 Agosti 1912) alikuwa mtaalamu wa Misri ya kale (Egyptologist) kutoka [[Uskoti|Scotland]]. Juhudi zake za kukusanya vitu vya kale vya Misri zilichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa makusanyo ya Makumbusho ya Glasgow, ambapo takribani robo moja ya vitu vya kale vya Misri vilivyomo katika makusanyo hayo vinatokana na mchango wake.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Janet May Buchanan Scotland's forgotten heroine of Egyptology {{!}} Artefacts of Excavation|url=[http://egyptartefacts.griffith.ox.ac.uk/janet-may-buchanan-scotlands-forgotten-heroine-egyptology|access-date=10](http://egyptartefacts.griffith.ox.ac.uk/janet-may-buchanan-scotlands-forgotten-heroine-egyptology|access-date=10) Septemba 2020|website=egyptartefacts.griffith.ox.ac.uk}}</ref> == Marejeo == {{Reflist}} {{BD|1866|1912}} [[Jamii:Watu wa Uskoti]] s7o19324535rhckjuib03k3u2s1tcm9